text:
Stand No. F11
July 20th – 24th RDS. Dublin.
Looking for information on educational course available to business across the country?
Then visit Skills for Work in the Main Hall, Stand F11 where our staff will be only too happy to tell you about the wide range of courses on offer in your local area.
More information on www.skillsforwork.ie or contact firstname.lastname@example.com
Skills for Work Career Preparation Course for Defense Forces
Skills for Work Career Preparation Course for Defence Forces (Dublin ETB)
Just a few words to thank Joan Devlin SFW Co-ordinator Dublin Region and Tricia (CDETB) for an excellent Skills For Work programme which was delivered recently to members of the Defence Forces. The feedback from the participants has been wholly positive. The programme was delivered in a very professional manner and the participants praised the depth of knowledge displayed by the presenter. In all the programme comes very highly recommended by the participants and they all felt it will improve their chances of obtaining work in the future. Thank you very much for all your time and energy in facilitating Defence Forces personnel to have the opportunity to participate in this programme.
Ciaran Allen
South East Region SFW Career Preparation Course (Kilkenny Carlow ETB)
Dear Deirdre,
Further to our phone conversation I would like to firstly say that the Skills at Work Programme has been an outstanding success, the feedback from the student has been so positive , I have seldom seen or heard such enthusiasm about a course before . I feel that that it paramount that such courses continue as the benefit to members of the Defence Forces. It has greatly empower students and given them a new sense of confidence about their future , I would like to take this opportunity to thanks you for your help and support and on my own behalf and all the students to praise the facilitators of the course they were outstanding .
Best Regards
Des Macauley
Waterford Institute of Technology (WIT) and Allied Irish Banks (AIB) Student of the Year Awards
Skills for Work Tutor Wins Student of the Year Award!
John Quirke, a tutor with Cork ETB who delivers a number of SFW courses has been awarded Student of the Year at the recent Award Ceremony hosted by WIT and sponsored by AIB.
John is one of many ETB tutors who have participated in the WIT course which was developed specifically for teaching staff in the Adult Education Service (AES).
The purpose of the WIT/ AIB award is to identify outstanding students who have excelled academically and or actively involved themselves in the life of their particular AES in a manner beneficial to both their course and the department in which they work.
The subject area that John is studying is the "School of Lifelong Learning and Education BA (Hons) in Teaching in Further and Adult Education".
Skills For Work Participant's Testimonial (DDLETB)
"I am in my job 20 years and have not been in school in a long time. This course has given me the confidence to talk, get involved with people. It has taught me so much about who I am and what I am able to do. Thank you so much for helping me to find myself and believe I can do so much more in my education. There is no stopping me now, thanks to you"
Female (45) Warehouse Operative, Manufacturing Sector
Another Satisfied Skills for Work Customer!
Tara Winthrop Private Clinic found the Skills for Work course of enormous benefit to our employees allowing them to feel comfortable to communicate with others in a friendly, professional manner with confidence.
The classes were in a structured format allowing staff to have continuity and commitment.
Nuala Nedjati (SFW Co-Ordinator) we always found very professional and helpful in all aspects of organising the course. Nuala's interpersonal skills are of the highest order which she uses in a discernible manner. She always delivered and ensured governance in regard to confidentiality of staff's personal data.
The ETB tutor was always punctual, co-operative and assisted staff in their abilities to communicate in their roles of employment. The tutor was always prepared for her classes, she displayed an ability to actively listen and communicate effectively so staff have a desire to learn.
We would have no hesitation in supporting these courses to other companies.
Kind regards,
Irene Hesse
Tara Winthrop Private Clinic,
Nevinstown Lane,
In–service Training for the Skills for Work Tutors
To support the growing demand for Skills for Work courses by the Farming Community, ETBs and SFW provided in service training to tutors on the "On-Line Farm Registration Course". The training provided to tutors makes it possible to increase the number the programme can deliver to farmers across the country.
The course is designed by the Department of Food, Marine & Fisheries (DFMF) to support farmers in completing and submitting documentation on line as requested by the satiety bodies and the EU.
For more information on the "On-Line Farm Registration Course" –
email firstname.lastname@example.com
SFW Career Preparation Course
A sunny day in Lucan with members of the Air Corps on a four-day Skills For Work programme. The group took part in the Career Preparation – Transition to Civilian Employment course in Autumn. This course was adapted specifically for members of the Defence Forces planning to return to civilian life and embark on a change of career and employment. Over the four days, the group worked intensively on CV building, career options, job search methods, and interview skills and practise. We wish all the participants the very best with their plans.
The course was delivered by the Dublin and Dun Laoghaire Education and Training Board's Adult Education Service as part of its Workplace Education strategy.
Participants are photographed outside Lucan Institute of Further Education (LIFE Centre) in Lucan along with members of the Air Corps and staff of DDLETB.
Home Instead Testimonial
Just a note on the Skills For Work programmes with Home Instead Senior Care.
We had a carers meeting earlier in the week and the feedback was wonderful. The programmes have been a great success and so well received by our staff, especially those who had been out of formal education for years. In particular, the staff commented on the individual attention they received in the classes and the excellence and patience of the tutors in addressing their identified needs around literacy and IT up skilling. Any apprehension about moving towards achieving the Level 5 Health Care Skills Award has been removed. This success is in no small part due to personal commitment and effort by the SFW co-ordinator and DDLETB AES (Dundrum) while conducting the one to one meetings at our various sites. The assessment tool allowed for balanced class levels and the flexibility in delivery addressed the variety of needs identified during the assessment process.
As an organisation we are happy that key areas for staff development were addressed and Home Instead Senior Care will not lose valuable employees. Thanks again SFW for working closely with our management team on the Skills For Work programmes and I look forward to working with you on further staff development opportunities.
Kindest regards
Bernadette Ruddock
Community Education & Business Development
Home Instead Senior Care®
At the AONTAS Star Awards 2016!
Skills for Work were short-listed for the Munster Category in the recent AONTAS Star Awards and were delighted to attend the celebrations in the Double Tree Hotel where the winners were announced. While the Farmers Herd Registration On-line Training Course didn't win, it was an honour to be amongst the 33 Adult Learning Programmes short-listed.
A special thanks to Tony Hopkins who represented the Department of Agriculture, Food & Marine (DAF&G) at the awards ceremony.
Congratulations to everyone and SFW are looking forward to entering again next year.
"Food Allergies and Intolerance Course" – Skills for Work and Gael Linn
Mná Tí from Gael Linn summer colleges took part in a nine week Skills for Work course "Food Allergies and Food Intolerances". The course was delivered in Irish to women living and working in the Gaeltacht areas of Co. Donegal. The course was specially designed to incorporate SFW teaching resources such as Food and Nutrition and Culinary Skills which were translated into Irish. The course content supported participants in gaining an understanding of and responding to food intolerance, allergies, specific dietary requirements, and creating nutritional meals for students of all ages whom the Mná Ti cater for throughout the year.
The women spent time identifying and learning about the different allergies and food intolerances that exist. They planned meals for students with special dietary requirements in terms of nutrition, cost and ease of cooking. There was also a practical element of the course where the women cooked meals and shared recipes providing the group with an opportunity to put their learning into practice.
"We can now make meals that saves us time and money as we
learnt how to create menus that can meet a lot of students special
dietary needs and we don't have to make lots of different dinners"
"Because of doing this course I save money as I don't waste as
much food as I used to because I can add or change different
ingredients to the meal when cooking for special diets such as
coeliac or dairy free".
"We can make gluten free bread, cakes, pizzas and many
more dishes since doing this course".
The course was delivered by Donegal ETB as part of the SFW programme in the North West.
For more information on this course contact email@example.com or email@example.com


text:
GRAND JUNCTION, Colo. (KKCO) - An arrest has been made in connection to an armed robbery that happened over the weekend.
Nancy Carol Wilhelm was arrested Sunday night for aggravated robbery, trespassing and theft.
Grand Junction Police say the alleged robbery happened Sunday afternoon when a woman reported she'd been robbed at gunpoint in the parking lot at 2680 B ½ Road.
The incident is still under investigation.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
You are here
Welcome to the Society of Radiographers
The Society of Radiographers is the only body in the UK representing the whole of the radiographic workforce. We are a trade union and professional body representing the professional, educational, public and workplace interests of our members. Founded in 1920, we are one of the oldest and most experienced radiography organisations in the world.
Membership is open to anyone working in clinical imaging, radiotherapy and oncology throughout the world. We represent the whole of the radiographic workforce - practitioners, assistant practitioners, support workers and student radiographers.
The College of Radiographers is a subsidiary of the Society and is a registered charity.
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text: Hi, I'm really new to website building so bear with me. We had an existing crude website that we're trying to replace with something powered by WordPress. I followed the instructions for the manual install on GoDaddy's hosting control center. I created a MySQL database and I uploaded the WordPress files into the HTML Directory and I edited the config.php file to reflect the proper username, password, etc. When I try to access the install page however, I'm getting the 404 page error response. Is this because I still have prior existing files in the HTML directory or is there something else I'm doing wrong. Thanks for your time.


text:
Hi there,
I am trying to change my domain name from http://kabai33.com to http://creativewebbiz.com
I already parked and redirected (301 from kabai33.com to creativewebbiz.com) on my server (bluehost), but now I'm not sure how to proceed.
I have read http://codex.wordpress.org/Moving_WordPress and http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_The_Site_URL and it sounds awfully complicated.
I don't want to move my files or change anything else except for my domain/url. Is there an easy way to do that?


text:
My child theme is not duplicating the parent.
I installed the WP-super cache and everything but that didnt solve the problem.
I read on some forum that the settings or options from the parent theme need to carry over to the child theme and i am certain mine is not carrying over right now and i dont know how to go about setting the options and settings.
Could you please guide me through checking the settings out?- that could be the problem i'm not sure


text:
- Report: #1071345
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Cub Cadet
Cub CadetNationwide USA
Cub Cadet Horrible Customer Service, Sexism, Lies, Greed, and Not Honoring a Warranty Internet Nationwide
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Cub Cadet has been absolutely unprofessional and unreliable. Our business used to use three of their Cub Cadet® 18 in. 187cc Rear-Tine Dual-Direction Tiller on a daily basis. We have them professionally maintained on a regular, quarterly basis. So we thought that when we took one our tillers in to an official Cub Cadet dealer and repair shop Dewinne in San Antonio to fix what turned out to be a blown motor, which *is* a clear warranty problem. Jeff at Dewinne on Bandera in San Antonio, the authorized repair man, asked our delivery man if he had put oil in it, and since it wasn't his job, but the job of our *professional* maintenance man, he said no.
Jeff at Dewinne then said that this, FALSE, information voided our warranty and relayed such back to Cub Cadet. Absolutely every effort to correct the information has failed miserably, due to what appears to be one of those lovely good-ole-boy networks, with the horribly sexist customer service of Cub Cadet (Bill by name, no last name, no extension, and apparently no responsible supervisor) attempting to grill our office workers about the workings of a tiller, and speaking to them with disrespect and condensation when they did not know exactly what was going on with the tiller. Jeff at Dewinne was also horribly sexist and condescending towards our office staff.
Jeff at Dewinne now wants more money than we paid for the tiller just for *looking* at our tiller, and is holding our tiller, and the parts he has been paid for, at his shop for ransom. For what, by all rights, is a valid warranty repair. He maliciously and with intent and purpose, decided that he would be greedy and claim that we had vioded our warranty.
Bill at Cub Cadet has stated in no uncertain terms that they *will not* do anything to rectify the situation, will not accept a return, will not negotiate a rate and will not honor their warranty. He was rude, crude and entirely unacceptable.
Our company now has two tillers, and one being held ransom, that we will not be using anymore and will be buying tillers from people who *aren't* Cub Cadet. And if those tillers need repair, we will be going somewhere that is *not* Jeff at Dewinne.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 07/30/2013 10:24 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Cub-Cadet/nationwide/Cub-Cadet-Horrible-Customer-Service-Sexism-Lies-Greed-and-Not-Honoring-a-Warranty-Int-1071345. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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text:
Wendy Orgeron
Published: Saturday, May 15, 2010 at 6:01 a.m.
Last Modified: Saturday, May 15, 2010 at 12:07 a.m.
Wendy Anne Orgeron, 47, a native and resident of Larose, died Thursday, May 13, 2010.
Visitation will be from 10 a.m. to funeral time Monday at Holy Rosary Catholic Church. Mass will be 11:30 a.m. Monday at the church, with burial in the church cemetery.
She is survived by her parents, Roland and Margie Champagne Orgeron; one son, Craig Delgrandile; one daughter, Amy Delgrandile; one brother, Eric Orgeron and wife, Laura; and one sister, Carrie Thompson and husband, Terry.
Samart-Mothe Funeral Home of Cut Off is in charge of arrangements.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


text:
Strong Family Relationships Help Halt 'Downward Mobility,' Study Finds
One young person in four failed to reach his or her parents' level of postsecondary education, according to a study of American youth in 2007, and the phenomenon is one form of "downward mobility."
While researchers have...
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text:
Attention Pokémon Chasers: Police, Fire Officials Want You To Stop Calling 911If you're chasing Pokémon, Southland authorities want you to know they're not playing around.
Yes, Ted Cruz, Rock Music Did Respond to 9/11Despite what Ted Cruz says, many of the biggest living icons of classic rock were quick to respond to 9/11. Here are songs he may have missed (or may be choosing to ignore).
California Corn Maze Has Lost People Calling 911
Los Angeles, You Might Be Able To Text 9-1-1 Soon
9/11 Victims To Be Honored In Several Events Across LA, Orange Counties
"Hello 911? Yeah, I Need a Woman." And Then It Gets WorseCalling 911 with a non-emergency is bad enough. Calling 911 when you're this guy, however, is worse. Don't be this guy
Blink-182 Honors 9/11 With Proceeds From Brooklyn Show Going To CharityOriginally scheduled as a day off, Blink-182's Tom Delonge Mark Hoppus and Travis Barker opted to add a Brooklyn show tonight as a 9/11 tribute and a means to generate money and awareness for two hospitals.
Columbia Professor Strips To His Underwear, Attacks Stuffed Animals With Swords, And Shows 9/11 Footage During Lecture
CBS To Air "9/11: 10 Years Later" Sunday
[Video] Best Terrible And/Or Funny Police Phone Calls Of All Time


text:
The St. Joseph Regional Health Center is looking for volunteers.
The hospital is looking for assistance with volunteering in many patient care areas.
They need assistance in Day Stay area, scheduling surgical patients to care areas.
Assistance is needed at Patient Information Desk 7 days a week from 8am until 8 pm.
Volunteers are needed in critical care waiting areas, Spiritual Care, and for transporting patients and families in parking lots.
There is also a strong need for Spanish Speaking Volunteers for assisting our Hispanic patient and families.
Go to st-joseph.org/volunteerservices to complete an application.


text:
Thursday, August 25, 2016
New Factory X Toy Site Goes Live
Palisades Toys announced today the launch of a newly designed FactoryX.com website. The spanking-new site (www.FactoryX.com) features individual sections for each of Factory X's ... Continue Reading →
4Kids to License Kappa Mikey
4Kids Entertainment will get to know the ins and outs of Mikey Simon, the star of Animation Collective's Kappa Mikey, as the company has acquired worldwide licensing rights to ... Continue Reading →
Happy Tree Friends Wireless in Europe
Europeans can now enjoy the gruesome antics of cuddly forest creatures on their cell phones and other mobile devices. Mondo Media has closed a series of wireless licensing deals for ... Continue Reading →
Revenge of the Star Wars Toys
The Force will be with retailers on April 2 as Hasbro's eagerly awaited new line of Star Wars: Episode III Revenge of the Sith toys and games hit shelves. Many stores will even ... Continue Reading →
McDonalds Makes Pixar Pals
As if kids needed another reason to nag parents for a trip to the golden arches, McDonalds restaurants are sweetening specialty meals with toys from a number of hit Disney/Pixar films. In ... Continue Reading →
Earthworks Digs Corneil and Bernie
Having won over toon fans in primetime on Nickelodeon's Nicktoons outlet, Corneil & Bernie will soon be heading to retail outlets near you. Earthworks Ent. announced today ... Continue Reading →
NASA, Pok'mon Launch Partnership
For the first time, NASA has teamed with an animated property to introduce an entertaining educational initiative. The government agency's Center for Distance Learning has joined ... Continue Reading →
Toon Band Gorillaz Back
Not since Josie and the Pussycats has an animated rock band generated heat like Gorillaz, which sold six million copies of the debut 2001 release, Gorillaz. Now virtual bandmates Noodle, ... Continue Reading →
Nelvana Nabs Toy Deals for Barbar, Miss Spider, Franklin
Children's programming and products distributor Nelvana made some new playmates at the American Int'l Toy Fair in New York this week. The company landed new licensing and ... Continue Reading →
Mattel to License Hi Hi Puffy Ami Yumi
Warner Bros. Consumer Products and Cartoon Network have announced that Mattel will be the master toy manufacturer for the Cartoon Network's newest animated rockers, Hi Hi Puffy ... Continue Reading →


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Journalism workshop for Afghan National Radio and Television Staff
A thirteen-day workshop in November, conducted for Afghanistan's National Radio and Television Staff on the principles of Journalism and news production. The workshop facilitated by Nai Supporting Open Media in Afghanistan, a local media organization, with the support from UNESCO Kabul Office.
10 staff working on news production of National Radio and Television of Afghanistan participated to the training which was consisted of both theory and practical parts.
Mr. Ahmad Jawid a participant to the training said, "This training was a good opportunity for us to enhance our work experience with new techniques and methods of producing better quality news." He expressed his desire to have more of such training in the future.
Afghanistan has experienced tremendous developments in media since 2001. UNESCO Kabul Office's Communication and Information sector, works along with the Ministry of Information and Culture and media professional to improve the quality of fast growing media outlets.
UNESCO Kabul has been supporting Afghanistan's National Radio and Television of Afghanistan and Educational Radio and Television since 2003 in different aspects of capacity building and equipments.
<- Back to: UNESCO Office in Kabul


text: ColaDaily.com is your source for free news and information in Columbia and the Midlands. A University of South Carolina student died Friday morning in a boating wreck on Lake Marion in Clarendon County. Hailey Bordeaux, 21, of Sumter was in a boat with three other people shortly after midnight when another boat ran into them, according to the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. Bordeaux was pronounced dead at a hospital about an hour after the collision. No other injuries were reported. The Department of Natural Resources is investigating the crash. No charges had been filed as of Friday evening. USC student killed in Lake Marion boating wreck added by Allen Wallace on July 4, 2014View all posts by Allen Wallace → Comments Share on Facebook Follow on Facebook Add to Google+ Connect on Linked in Subscribe by Email Print This Post


text:
Wine Guardian 2160 BTU Through-the-Wall Wine Cellar Cooling Unit (Max Room Size = 1500 cu ft)
+ $95.00 Shipping
Introducing the Through-the-Wall Wine Cooling System from Wine Guardian, the only through-the-wall system to control temperature and display both temperature and humidity. Engineered for ideal airflow with adjustable louvers for optimal circulation, it is also the quietest through-the-wall system on the market. Perfect for small to mid-sized cellars.See More Product Details
Item # 814 15 02
Item # 814 15 02
- Brand: Wine Guardian
- Collection: Wine Guardian Standard Series
Questions & Answers
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August 30th
SOLID in practices
SOLID in practices
Using a best practice like SOLID is easier said than done. This is my understanding and implementation,
IResourceLoader: Balancing Semaphores
IResourceLoader: Balancing Semaphores
Recently I need to balance getting resources from a restricted number of sources. To do this I created a generic IResourceLoader interface, and made two implementations: one to wrap a semaphore, and the other to wrap and balance a collection of IResourceLoaders. Below is the implementation, complete with unit tests; let's take a look!
Songsearch - using ServiceWorker to make a 4 MB CSV easily searchable in a browser
Songsearch - using ServiceWorker to make a 4 MB CSV easily searchable in a browser
Songsearch – using ServiceWorker to make a 4 MB CSV easily searchable in a browser
CloudFlare, SSL and unhealthy security absolutism
CloudFlare, SSL and unhealthy security absolutism
Let's start with a quick quiz: Take a look at haveibeenpwned.com (HIBP) and tell me where the traffic is encrypted between: You see HTTPS which is good so you know it's doing crypto things in your browser, but where's the other end of the encryption? I mean at what
Voron's internals: MVCC - All the moving parts
Voron's internals: MVCC - All the moving parts
I talked about the different aspects of building a database engine in detail in the past month or so. But I tried to talk about each topic independently, so it will make sense. The problem is that in the real world, there are actually quite a lot of related stuff that impact on one another.
Optimizing Dynamic Method Invokes in .NET
Optimizing Dynamic Method Invokes in .NET
I recently had a lot of fun helping to optimize some RPC code that was using reflection to dynamically invoke methods in a C# application. Below are a list of implementations that we experimented with, and their performance. Spoilers, here are the results...
Rx Challenge #9: Execute Async Until [Solution]
Rx Challenge #9: Execute Async Until [Solution]
Challenge #9 was about implementing a pattern where you have to keep sending async message until you will get notification which approve that the message is handled by the other side. see the full detail at the Challenge at this post. Simple scenario For the simple scenario of you calling service and retry sending, according to it's response.
Keeping a Clean Startup.cs in Asp.Net Core
Keeping a Clean Startup.cs in Asp.Net Core
public static class ServiceCollectionExtensions { public static IServiceCollection AddCustomizedMvc(this IServiceCollection services) { var locationFormat = @"Features\Shared\{0}.cshtml"; var expander = new ViewWithControllerViewLocationExpander(); services.AddMvc() .AddRazorOptions(options => { options.ViewLocationFormats.Clear(); options.ViewLocationFormats.Add(locationFormat); options.ViewLocationExpanders.Add(expander); }); return services; } // ... }
Yet Another (ASP.NET MVC) Web Framework
Yet Another (ASP.NET MVC) Web Framework
YetaWF is a brand new open source product licensed under GPL 3 that assumes multiple personalities as a web framework, a CMS and an Admin panel. Primarily, at its core it is a framework for building ASP.NET MVC applications.
Moving Storyteller to the CoreCLR and going Cross Platform
Moving Storyteller to the CoreCLR and going Cross Platform
Moving Storyteller to the CoreCLR and going Cross Platform | The Shade Tree Developer
Building in 10k: Content and Strategy
Building in 10k: Content and Strategy
Editor's note: This is the first in a series of posts from the team that built the 10k Apart contest page, exploring the process of building for interoperability, accessibility, and progressive enhancement in less than 10kB. When Jeffrey Zeldman first approached me about bringing back the 10k Apart contest, my mind began to race.
New C# 7.0 features in Visual Studio "15" Preview 4
New C# 7.0 features in Visual Studio "15" Preview 4
Over the past couple of previews, new C# language features have been trickling in, but Preview 4 marks a point where the majority of C# 7.0 are now available. Here's a code sample that uses a good number of these features, and that works in Preview 4 today: For a full write-up about tuples, deconstruction, pattern matching, local functions, and the rest of C# 7.0, head over to the .NET Blog.
August 29th
Get Started with Xamarin in Visual Studio
Get Started with Xamarin in Visual Studio
Xamarin is a cross-platform technology that makes it possible to build native mobile apps for Android, iOS, and Windows Phone using C# and a shared codebase. Like its younger siblings NativeScript and React Native, it allows development teams to build mobile applications using the skills they already have, and spend less time writing code for each platform.
Automating Builds with Cake (C# Make)
Automating Builds with Cake (C# Make)
I've used various build systems for compiling, testing and deploying .NET based applications. TFS, VSTS, AppVeyor, TeamCity have had one thing in common. They all contained the configuration of my build, test and deploy pipeline in their system with no way to extract it.
TypeScript for C# Developers
TypeScript for C# Developers
This presentation from Visual Studio Live! Redmond 2016 focuses on how developers can benefit from TypeScript, especially C# devs
My Realizations about Software Consulting
My Realizations about Software Consulting
I consume a lot of audio books. Most recently, this habit led me to listen to a book by Allen Weiss, called Million Dollar Consulting. The title yields the book's premise in deceptively simple fashion: a guide to building a seven-figure-per-year solo consulting practice. Sound crazy?
Unit Testing .NET Core
Unit Testing .NET Core
With the recent arrival of .NET Core, some things that we were used to having are no longer available. This includes unit tests - plus Visual Studio integration - and mocking frameworks. Fortunately, they are now becoming available, even if, in some cases, in pre-release form.
Hunt for Your Libs Here, at Awesome.NET! (Channel 9)
Hunt for Your Libs Here, at Awesome.NET! (Channel 9)
How had I never heard of Awesome.NET? Your go-to .NET Toolbox. Our goal is to help you find the software and libraries you need. Made by developers for developers. The collection of libraries and resources is based on the relevant Awesome .NET List and direct contributions here.
Protecting your embedded content with subresource integrity (SRI)
Protecting your embedded content with subresource integrity (SRI)
CDNs are good. You get to put your web things all over the world and then have them served to your global audience from a location close to them. For example, because this blog is served through CloudFlare and about two thirds of the requests to my site come direct
Implementing UNDO, REDO in ASP.NET Core
Implementing UNDO, REDO in ASP.NET Core
The article shows how to implement UNDO, REDO functionality in an ASP.NET Core application using EFCore and MS SQL Server. This is the first blog in a 3 part series. The second blog will implement the UI using Angular 2 and the third article will improve the concurrent stacks with max limits to prevent memory...
Quick Tip: Entity Framework Core Models In Class Library
Quick Tip: Entity Framework Core Models In Class Library
If you are looking for a way to convert your existing Entity Framework data layer to Core 1.0, you may run into some issues. Today, I provide a workaround thanks to a fellow blogger.
Using the InkToolbar with Custom Dry Ink in Windows Anniversary Edition
Using the InkToolbar with Custom Dry Ink in Windows Anniversary Edition
I have been experimenting with the new InkToolbar control in the new Windows Anniversary Update and wanted to walk through a common scenario for using the InkToolbar with "Custom Dry Ink". The InkToolbar was designed to work with an InkCanvas control that manages its own ink data.
ASP.NET Core 1.0 on Cloud 9
ASP.NET Core 1.0 on Cloud 9
Douglas Starnes has a tutorial video on how to run ASP.NET Core on Cloud9
Boss Update coming to Minecraft: Windows 10 Edition beta and Pocket Edition
Boss Update coming to Minecraft: Windows 10 Edition beta and Pocket Edition
Today, on Xbox Wire I shared what's coming in the next major update for Minecraft: Windows 10 Edition beta and Pocket Edition, it's called the Boss Update. This fearsome update is packed with content that is sure to thrill every type of Minecraft player, with two big new boss battles, new blocks for building and even the first set of long-awaited slash commands for those who love to tinker with the game.
Going Interactive with C#
Going Interactive with C#
C# Interactive slipped into view quietly, without razzmatazz, in Visual Studio 2015 Update 1. It's good, it's worth knowing about; and Tom Fischer is intent on convincing you of that.
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Introducing Code Rocket
This article introduces you to Code Rocket's main features. Code Rocket is a pseudocode and flowchart design and visualization tool for Visual Studio (and Eclipse). It gives you on demand access to the pseudocode and flowchart views of your methods and always keeps the design in sync with the code. The content was the basis of a presentation given at TechMeetup Aberdeen. You can download the slides and sample code for the example.
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- Report: #764318
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Home first agency
Home first agencyp.o. box 9770 Maryville, Tennessee United States of America
Home first agency Canceled homeowners insurance by including a claim where reimbursement was never made. Maryville, Tennessee
*Consumer Comment: Get insurance somewhere else.
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In March of 2011, we had an accidental house fire, where a large amount of smoke damage was done to our home. The insurance company only agreed to pay so much, but did reimburse us for some of our personal items, and gave us living expense money which we appreciated. Not five months after the incident they are canceling my home insurance due to the fact I had two claims. Well the first claim was not even paid by them so how can they do this to us. They have been taking our money which was held in escrow by Vanderbilt Mortgage, which is one in the same company. Now the agent who called me about my payment told me "we helped you out and gave you money to fix that." Wait a minute, i had been paying my insurance for how many years, they didnt help me out. they only thing they have caused is the inconvenience of worrying about how to get insurance and now Vanderbilt will charge me for insurance on their mortgage payment, How convenient, it sounds like something they thought of together. I need help to sort this out. its not fair when I only had one claim that was paid, and they are holding two claims against me. Now they have the window of opportunity to try and take my home since it was remodeled, i thought set ups such as this were illegal. I need help in finding the end to this messed up situation.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 08/12/2011 11:22 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Home-first-agency/Maryville-Tennessee-37802/Home-first-agency-Canceled-homeowners-insurance-by-including-a-claim-where-reimbursement-764318. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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#1 Consumer Comment
Get insurance somewhere else.
AUTHOR: Flynrider - (USA)
SUBMITTED: Friday, August 12, 2011POSTED: Friday, August 12, 2011
Insurance companies can decide not to renew policies for whatever reason they want. Apparently, they think two claims in 6 years is too much risk. That's their call.
I had a company that dropped me after 20 yrs. and zero claims. They insisted that my perfectly good roof was too old and I'd have to replace it or they would not renew the policy. I just went to a different insurance company and got a policy from them.
Given your past experience, you'd probably be much better off with a different insurance company anyway. The one you have does not sound very good.
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My site is written in PHP. http://www.erivynn.com. The main entry point for the site is index.php in the root directory. WordPress uses this file in the root directory. This is a conflict for my site I need the index.php as the main entry point and wordpress needs it also. Is there any work around for this. I want to use wordpress as the blogging software. I have many reason for needing to have the site written in PHP. It was in HTML and I rewrote it in PHP to fix several maintenance issues now wordpress is not working because of the index.php conflict.
Any assistance would be greatly appreciated.


text: Samsung t369, No Annual Contract on T-mobile Monthly4G. With great call quality, a slide-out QWERTY keyboard, and so much more, the Samsung t369 brings you all the options you need to stay connected. Flag this deal What's the matter? Choose a reason Dead deal Duplicate Bad link Spam Inaccurate No value Alive again Edit deal krmills1 Jun 17, 2012 I think I saw a similar phone for t-mobile pay as you go at CVS for only $19.99, I am not sure if it is 4g service or not though. Reply wdjdac Jun 17, 2012 this one Has a slide-out keyboard, It is a lot better than the one at CVS. Reply wdjdac Jun 17, 2012 T-mobile 4G is 3G++ and it is not too bad. :) Reply Load More Comments


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a centre of learning & excellence
Breton Ability Centre supports individuals of varying abilities in achieving their greatest potential to enable their inclusion and contributions within their community. Working in collaboration with our partners and stakeholders, Breton Ability Centre has made a significant shift in its model – away from the medical model of the past toward a person-centred model that creates a customized plan for each resident based on their needs and their abilities.
Breton Ability Centre to host POSITIVE APPROACHES across the lifespan
Breton Ability Centre will host world-renowned speakers and authors Teepa Snow, MS, ORT/L, FAOTA and Dr. Andrew McDonnell, BSc, MSc, PhD., Clinical Psychologist. The speakers will present both in keynote and in workshop sessions on May 26th at the Membertou Trade and Convention Centre.
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Pops conductor John Morris Russell and Tony award winning actor and vocalist Brian Stokes Mitchell talk about their Broadway Night concert
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This business is not BBB accredited.
Arbor View Tree Service
Phone: (970) 372-7606 3123 Hudson Dr, Loveland, CO 80538 http://arborviewtree.com! Arbor View Tree Service is Believed to Be Out of Business !
BBB Business Reviews may not be reproduced for sales or promotional purposes.
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Businesses are under no obligation to seek BBB accreditation, and some businesses are not accredited because they have not sought BBB accreditation.
To be accredited by BBB, a business must apply for accreditation and BBB must determine that the business meets BBB accreditation standards, which include a commitment to make a good faith effort to resolve any consumer complaints. BBB Accredited Businesses must pay a fee for accreditation review/monitoring and for support of BBB services to the public.
Reason for Rating
BBB rating is based on 13 factors. Get the details about the factors considered.
Based on BBB files, this business has a BBB Rating of No Rating. The reason is as follows:
- This business has no rating because BBB has information indicating it is out of business.
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Additional Information
Type of Entity
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Business ManagementMr. Tobias Shea, Owner
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Tree Service Tree Pruning Companies Arborist
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This company offers tree removal, trimming, and care.


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Commuter Forecast for Sept. 2, 2010
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Please read this entire page
To host a child from Eastern Europe requires a donation of $2950 plus any additional travel expenses. Ultimately, each host family is responsible for fundraising the fees. We have ideas to assist with fundraising! All hosting money is considered a donation and is tax-deductible as NHFC is a non-profit IRS approved 501-(c) 3 Corporation. *Gifts are tax deductible to the extent allowed by law. Please consult your tax adviser.
All hosting families must have several required pieces in place before hosting, including but not limited to…
- Criminal background checks
- Child abuse clearances
- Reference checks
- A social worker safety visit to their home
Each family is required to attend an 8 hour mandatory training session provided in many cities throughout US at no cost to host families. A full homestudy is not necessary, but a home safety visit required and is included in your hosting fee. NHFC will coordinate and schedule this for your family.
If you can't host, please see other ways that you can help! We always need donations to help bring sibling groups as it is usually cost-prohibitive for a single family to pay for more than one child.
Matching has closed for the summer hosting period. Please check back in September.
New Horizons for Children is a non-profit, 501(c)3, Christian ministry. Our goal is to identify children in orphanages in other countries who would benefit from and most likely be able to adapt to a Christian family environment in the USA. We aim to share Jesus, teach English, provide cultural differences and show how a loving family life can and should be. Because of the mission of our program, all our hosting families must be of the Christian faith and attending a Christian church. We are a non-denominational organization, but we are all Christians, serving one God and following Jesus Christ as His son, and as our personal Savior. Teaching and modeling these Christian principles is a primary goal for our hosting families.


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Malawi's Banda, arms firm rock the boat
Malawi has renegotiated a $145-million deal with SA's Paramount group for patrol boats.
Malawi has renegotiated a $145-million deal with SA's Paramount group for patrol boats.
Malawi has renegotiated a $145-million deal with SA's Paramount group for patrol boats.
Murky dealings around Lake Malawi interceptor boats order
In her first interview since being voted out of office, former Malawi president Joyce Banda discusses her eight-month absence from the country.
A leaked audit has hardened suspicions that Cashgate funded election campaigns
The state has handed over the footage to Malawi's corruption-busting body for forensic examination and further action.
Responding to graft allegations levelled against her, former Malawian president Joyce Banda claims she has evidence of pressure to "implicate" her.
Ex-president Joyce Banda and three others are being investigated as part of the Cashgate scandal.
After suspending aid to Malawi, Germany has funded an investigation into the biggest financial scandal in Malawi's history.
A change of presidents has skewed the playing field for a South African defence company
Joyce Banda has congratulated her arch-rival Peter Mutharika for winning Malawi's presidential election whose result she initially challenged.
Democratic Progressive Party leader Peter Mutharika has been declared the winner of disputed presidential elections after defeating Joyce Banda.
The final vote count in Malawi's controversial elections will only be released once court challenges have been resolved.
Malawi could get the results of its elections if its high court rules out a recount of the votes in the controversial presidential election.
The decision to hold a manual recount of all votes cast in the May 20 election has the blessing of most as they agree the elections were not fair.
Malawi's high court has issued an injunction barring President Joyce Banda from interfering in the electoral process.
Malawi's electoral body says President Joyce Banda has no power to scrap elections, while her main political rival says the decision is "illegal".
Malawi's President Joyce Banda says she will not take part in a new vote, which she called after nullifying Tuesday's elections.
Election officials are using fax and email to tally votes after the electronic system broke down, delaying the release of any results.


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Tatkal Surcharge is only applicable for bookings in the Tatkal Quota.
Tatkal Surcharge includes 3.7% Service Tax.
Sr. Citizen Concessions do not apply for Tatkal quota bookings.
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- Report: #456460
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Radio Shack--Vincent Dreyer
Radio Shack--Vincent DreyerFair Oakes Mall Fairfax, Virginia U.S.A.
Radio Shack- -Vincent Dreyer Radio Shack Fair Oakes Mall Fairfax Virginia
*REBUTTAL Individual responds: To "Ryandc's" Wife
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I find my wife and we return to Radio Shack, they were pretty busy so we decided to go up to the AT&T kiosk near Radio Shack. A man there punched in our information and we realized that Vince had upgraded my account, added a new telephone line (for a phone I didn't even have) added a media plan, and text messageing to all three lines, and changed the phones listed within my account to the phones he thought I would buy.
We returned to Radio Shack angry as you may assume. Vince was arrogant, sarcastic, and rude as he implied that my wife and I were having a bad day, and taking it out on him, and he lied and said that I authorized the phones but left when he went to get the contract for me to sign.
He shook my hand as I left the first time knowing I may return with my wife to decide if the increase in price was worthi it, and if she liked the phones they had. AT&T attempted to charge a cancellation fee form the phone line that Vince illegally added. Finally Vince got my account straightened out and back to normal, however he never acknolwedged that he did anything wrong.
What it boils down to is that Vince illegally entered me into a contract with a third party,, with no authorization, signature ect. He claims that Radio Shack doesn't need a password, social, or signature to change your account.
We called customer service and was told the DM would call us in 48 hours. Another customer service rep called yesterday, I told her the storey again, and she is "forwarding" the matter to the DM.
Be careful because Radio Shack believes they can enter consumers into contracts whenever they want with no reprecussions.
NOVA, Virginia
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 05/29/2009 07:47 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Radio-Shack-Vincent-Dreyer/Fairfax-Virginia/Radio-Shack-Vincent-Dreyer-Radio-Shack-Fair-Oakes-Mall-Fairfax-Virginia-456460. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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#1 REBUTTAL Individual responds
To "Ryandc's" Wife
AUTHOR: zxcvbnm - (United States of America)
SUBMITTED: Tuesday, May 04, 2010POSTED: Tuesday, May 04, 2010
Lady, your husband gave me permission to enter into your account and he knew about the contracts but ran away when i stepped in the back while they were printing. He knew what he was doing, he was just so dominated by you because you were having a bad hair day, and were extremely hormonal. How'd the pregancy go? Great I hope! When you barged in claiming I was a thief, yelling about how I was doing this all illegally, I tried to save the sale, failing miserably, but eventually reversed the entire process, without once your husband vouching for me spending nearly an hour of my time explaining the phones and chatting with him and your son, having a great time. You were just having a bad day and took it out on me, went to another store and paid more for the phones there and recieved impersonalized service. Great Job! That's ok with me. Radioshack knows what they're doing, and there doing a great job and will be around for a very long time because they offer competitive prices with personal service. I'm no longer with the company so I'd like my name taken down please. Thanks. Go ahead and leave my first name, but I feel my last name shouldn't be tarnished for this complete misunderstanding woman whom I fixed the problem for anyway.
planet Earth
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Jun 20, 1972
|Filing date
|Jun 9, 1969
|Priority date
|Jun 9, 1969
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Mosier Benjamin
|Original Assignee
|Esquire Inc
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (23), Classifications (24)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
B. MOSIER June 20, 1972 COATED REFLECTIVE SURFACE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Flled June 9 1969 TRAIN/N6 c 4 Lu u/N aar amneaaegvnww;
June 20, 1972 B. MOSIER 3,671,333
COATED REFLECTIVE SURFACE AND METHOD OF MAKING sAME Filed June 9, 1969 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent 3,671,333 COATED REFLECTIVE SURFACE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Benjamin Mosier, Houston, Tex., assignor to Esquire, Inc. Filed June 9, 1969, Ser. No. 831,617 Int. Cl. C23f 7/06 US. Cl. 148-627 25 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Reflective aluminum surface for high powered fixtures are improved by applying a natural or synthetic hydrophilic colloid to the surface. Usually the colloid is applied during anodizing of the aluminum surface. In one form the colloid is tanned or cross-linked to provide a more durable coating. In an especially preferred embodiment, the colloid and tanning agent are both present in the anodizing bath so that the colloid forms a collidate and is tanned during anodizing. In any event, the colloid is chemically absorbed (chemisorbed) and/or electrolitically deposited on the surface. The coatings are much thinner, e.g. A to the thickness of normal anodized coatings.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to improvements in reflective surfaces for aluminum reflectors used in high powered fixtures Statement of the prior art Large fixtures having aluminum reflectors are conventionally used for industrial lighting, lighting football stadiums, shopping centers and the like. Usually these reflector surfaces are of anodized aluminum and are enclosed in the fixture for reflecting light through a glass pane or cover. The fixtures can generate internal temperatures of up to 500 F. or higher and these temperatures, combined with the light, often cause photo-degradation of the aluminum surfaces and ultimately reduce photo-specularity during use of the fixture.
The reflectivity of a reflector is the ratio of total light reflected from a surface to the total light falling upon it and is a definition of the efficiency of a surface in reflecting radiant energy. The brightness of a surface is the reflectivity of the surface relative to illumination of the surface. Where the illumination is the same, the brightness of two surfaces are proportional to reflectivity. The specular reflectance or specularity of a surface defines the proportion of light for which the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflectance while diffuse reflectance identifies the light which diffuses or reflects at a different angle, usually in all angles or directions. The percent specularity is calculated by subtracting the percent diffuse reflectance from the percent total reflectance and then dividing by percent total reflectance.
Pure aluminum has excellent reflectivity ranging from 97% at 10 microns to 90% to 95% at one micron in the infrared range and dropping to about 90% through the visible range although in the visible to infrared transition reflectivity decreases to about 87%. In the ultraviolet range, the reflectivity of pure aluminum drops to 85% down at about .2 micron wavelength. When pure aluminum is coated with an oxide by anodizing, the reflectivity in the visible range drops by 5% to 10%, increases to above 90% at about 1.2 microns and then decreases to about 30% at 10 microns. Reflectivity in the ultraviolet range drops off much more quickly and is below 60% at .25 micron. Thus, anodizing of aluminum surfaces 3,671,333 Patented June 20, 1972 ice SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a hydrophilic colloid coating is applied to a reflective surface to protect the surfaces from deterioration through photo-degradation, weathering and other sources. The coating improves specularity and does not materially decrease reflectivity. The present invention is especially useful for coating reflective aluminum surfaces to provide a protective, non-oxidizing, heat resistant highly reflective surface.
While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms, there will be described herein with reference to the drawings perfect embodiments of the invention with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments disclosed.
One form of the present invention is especially preferred because it produces a thin very hard, durable and abrasion resistant surface coating. To obtain such a coating, the hydrophilic colloid is applied to the surface and is tanned on the surface during anodizing. This is done by including both the colloid and hardening or tanning agent in the anodizing bath during anodizing of the aluminum surface.
In another form of the present invention, the coating is applied to an anodized aluminum surface and then is tanned or cross-linked by a tanning agent. In still another form of the invention, the coating step is carried out so that the colloid coating material is present during anodizing of the aluminum surface to electrolytically absorb the coating material on the surface. These forms of the invention produce thin durable coatings but they are not abrasion resistant as are those produced by the especially preferred procedure.
The surface coatings produced by the present invention are much thinner and apparently more compact than previous anodized aluminum coatings or surfaces. This is believed to be due to the larger molecule of the colloid forming as a colloidate on the reflective surface which apparently compacts the aluminum oxide formed. Theoretically, the same amount of aluminum oxide should form whether or not the colloid is present in the anodizing bath so densification or compacting of the aluminum oxide appears to be the reasonable answer. The coatings provide the advantages of a thinner coating, e.g., better reflectivity, while eliminating the disadvantages of a thin normally anodized coating, e.g., lower wear resistance and shorter life.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a high powered fixture having a coated surface prepared in accordance with this invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing the fixture of FIG. 1 exploded; and
FIG. 3 is a flow scheme which can be followed in carrying out some embodiments of the method of this invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Turning first to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is illustrated a lamp 10 including a two-piece housing 12 assembled by suitable screws and supported on a suitable pole or standard 14. A glass 16 is secured across the fixture opening by a gasket, frame and a plurality of screws. Power is supplied from a suitable electric power source via a power line 20.
As best seen in FIG. 2, the illustrated fixture can utilize either of two types of reflector systems, an A reflector 22 or a B reflector 26, which are received in grooves 24 and 28, respectively, in the fixture. Each of the reflectors comprises a plurality of parallel upstanding aluminum reflector strips with reflector 26 being of slightly greater width than reflector 22. A light source or lamp is indicated in phantom at 30.
The present invention deals with the improving of reflectivity or percent specularity of reflectors such as reflectors 22 and 26 which are used in high powered fixtures. This can be accomplished generally by coating the reflector with a hydrophilic colloid and then tanning the colloid. Alternatively, the colloid coating can be applied before or during anodizing.
Referring to FIG. 3, there is a flow scheme which illustrates some of the embodiments of the method of the invention. According to one form of the method, aluminum can be coated with the colloid in a colloid coating bath, permitted to dry and then tanned in a separate tanning bath.
In another form of the method, the aluminum can be subjected to an anodizing process, e.g. by immersing the aluminum seriatim in a cleaning bath, an electrobrightening bath, a smut remover solution and then an anodizing bath. It is also conventional to subject the anodized surface to a sealing operation as indicated in FIG. 3 after it is removed from the anodizing bath. The cleaning, electrobrightening and smut remover baths are optional, although very desirable. In this form of the invention, the colloid coating can be present in any of the electrobrightening, smut remover or anodizing baths.
Alternatively, the aluminum can be coated in the colloid coating bath and thereafter delivered as indicated by the dotted lines to either the electrobrightening bath, the smut remover or the anodizing bath.
In still another form, the aluminum can be simply anodized by normal anodizing procedures and directed from the anodizing bath to a colloid coating bath, thence to the tanning bath.
Still referring to FIG. 3, the especially preferred procedure for producing extremely hard surface coatings is to run the aluminum through the anodizing procedure on the left-hand side of FIG. 3, including the rinse, electrobrightening, de-smutting and anodizing steps seriatim, with the colloid and tanning agent both present in the anodizing bath. Usually, .001 to 1 and preferably about .01 to .05% by weight of tanning agent will be used in the anodizing bath. Tanning agents usually have a high charge and preferably has the same charge, i.e., positive or negative, as the colloid when both colloid and tanning agent are present in the anodizing bath. One tanning agent which has been found to produce an extremely hard finish is potassium dichromate.
The colloidal coating compositions are liquid, i.e., nongelled solutions of water-dispersible hydrophilic colloids, usually containing at least .001 and possibly up to or by weight, depending on the colloid used, but more often .01 to 2% and preferably .1 to 1% of the hydrophilic material in a suitable volatile liquid solvent such as water, alcohol (e.g., methylethyl or butyl), ketones (e.g., acetone, methylethyl ketone, and l.4dioxane) and other high dielectric constant polar solvents, having such polar groups as carboxyl, amino, hydroxy, and nitrile groups, such as acetonitrile, foramide, dimethylacetamide and tetrahydrofuran. The preferred solvent is water or water containing other water miscible solvents. Where a mixture of water and other solvent is used with colloid in the anodizing solution, such other solvent should be nonreactive toward the acid present. The colloid solution is a true solution of the colloid in a solvent although an excess of colloid may be used above the solubility point so long as such excess is insuflicient to gel the solution at normal use temperatures. As a guide, 3% polyvinyl chloride or 1% gelatin may gell an aqueous solution of 70 F. but at higher temperatures, e.g., in the anodizing bath, higher concentrations can usually be used without gelling. The pH and concentration of the solution are maintained at proper levels to prevent the colloid from approaching its isoelectric point at which particles will agglomerate (coacerate). Accordingly, the concentration of the solution should be below the cloudy region or region of coacervation or coagglomeration.
Examples of useful hydrophilic colloids are the water soluble natural and synthetic resins, including gums. The colloids are hydrophilic because they contain substantial amounts of water-loving polar components such as carboxyl groups, amino groups, hydroxyl groups, ether groups, metal complexes, and like components, rendering them water soluble or dispersible. Suitable natural resins are gum arabic, agar, guar gum, gum karaya, gum yacca, damar, casein, and resinous derivatives of natural materials such as casein derivatives, aldehyde starch and other starch derivatives, sodium carrageenin, sodium alginate and other alginates, etc. Suitable synthetic resins include the water soluble or dispersible sodium and other alkali salts of acrylic acid and acrylamide polymers such as sodium polyacrylate and sodium polyacrylamide, and water soluble or dispersible forms of polyvinylpyrollidone, polyvinylethers, polyvinylacetate and copolymers of vinylacetate such as vinylacetate-ethylene copolymers, methylcellulose, cellulose acetate-phthalate, carboxypolmethylene, etc.
Gelatins, which are collagen-type materials are especially preferred hydrophilic colloids. Gelatins or collagens and other useful hydrophilic colloids possess or can receive either a positive charge or a negative charge at neutrality. Gelatins, being amino acids, are either acid precursors or alkaline precursors and altering the pH of their environment, e.g., in an electrolyte, can change their surface charge. For example, a gelatin having a positive charge at neutrality would migrate to the negative electrode or cathode in an electrolyte, However, the same gelatin will have its charge reversed in a more acid or lower pH electrolyte such as an anodizing bath, so that it would migrate to the anode, i.e., the aluminum surface being anodized. The pH of the bath can be adjusted to a lower level if needed to deposit a particular colloid, especially a more highly alkaline colloid. The gelatin codeposits with the aluminum oxide, apparently forming aluminum oxide-gelatinate. Other colloids form similar complexes or aluminum oxide-colloidates. Where a negative charge or acid precursor gelatin is used, the acid pH of the bath permits it to retain its negative charge.
The tanning operation creates cross-linking in the coating and improved its properties. Particularly, tanning increases the hardness of the coating and renders the hydrophilic coating insoluble and non-swelling in water to improve weather resistance without adversely affecting reflectivity of the surface. Although colloid coatings which have been subjected to anodizing conditions, and particularly those colloid coatings which are deposited during anodizing to form aluminum oxide complexes, are already relatively water insoluble and hardened, such coatings can also be further tanned by application of a hardening solution if desired. Preferably, however, the tanning operation is carried out along with the coating operation in the anodizing bath.
The tanning or hardening agents are those materials capable of cross-linking or complexing or causing crosslinking or complexing of the hydrophilic colloid functional groups, usually amine, carboxyl, ester, and/or hydroxyl groups, or highly charged metal ions such as chrom alum (chromium potassium sulfate). For example, gelatines can be hardened by dipping in a bath or aqueous solution of formaldehyde or other aldehyde, or the like. Usually a concentration .5 to 5% of hardening agent in the solution or bath is suflicient although concentrations from .001 to 50% or more, up to with liquid hardening agents can be used depending on the solubility of the particular hardening agent. For hardening gelatin coatings, an aqueous solution of 2% chrom alum has been found to be effective. When the hardening agent is included in the anodizying bath, an amount in the range of .001 to weight percent is preferred,
Examples of other useful hardening agents are polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid, polyurea and other urethane precursors, aluminum sulfate, dirnethylol urea, hexamethylenetetramine, chromic acid and aldehyde donors such as formaldehyde, gluteraldehyde, glyoxal and the like. The choicev of tanning agent will depend on the colloid used for coating because the tanning agent should have free reactive groups for reacting with or causing reaction of free groups of the colloid.
A typical anodizing procedure, referred to herein as Anodizing Process is as follows:
Step No.: Procedure 1---- Mill sheet aluminum is cleaned by immersing in alkaline cleaner (-NaOH solution) at about 160 F., for 3 minutes and then rinsed in tap water for 30 seconds.
2---- The cleaned aluminum is given a 5 minute dip in an electrobrightening both (fluoborate bath) and then rinsed for 30 seconds in tap water.
3---- The aluminum is then immersed for 2 minutes in a smut remover (an acid cleaner) to desmut, followed by a 30 second rinse in tap water.
4- The de-smutted aluminum is anodized in an anodizing bath, preferably at about 80 to 100 F., containing 15% H 50 for minutes followed by a 30 second rinse in tap water, neutralized in sodium hydroxide solution for 30 seconds, and then another 30 second rinse.
5 The anodyzed aluminum is then dipped in a neutral hot water sealing bath at about 208 'F. for about 10 minutes.
The basic specific baths and solutions used in the above Anodizing Process were as follows:
Alkaline cleaner: A solution containing 7.5 oz. sodium hydroxide and 6 oz. of sodium fluoride per gallon of water.
Electrobrightening bath: Aqueous solution of about 0.25 normal fluoboric acid, maintained at 0.15 to 0.18 normal during use, An intitial current density of about 10 to 12 amperes per sq. ft. is usually sufiicient, increasing to 20 amperes per sq. ft. for an old solution. The maximum potential for an old solution is about 40 volts.
Smut remover: Three and one-half pints of 75% H PO and one and three quarters pounds of chromic acid in 10 gallons of water maintained at a temperature of about 180-190 F.
Anodizing bath: A 15% by weight sulfuric acid electrolyte maintained at 68 to 74 F. under continuous agitation. A current density of 10 to 12 amperes per sq. ft. (usually a potential of 15-22 volts) is applied and maintained throughout the anodizing step.
The colloid can be added to any of the above baths and preferably both the colloid and tanning agent are added to the anodizing bath.
As in other anodizing processes, the thickness of the oxide film can be varied by varying the length of the anodizing step and/or potential applied to the anodizing bath. Usually, longer anodizing procedures and higher current densities result in thicker coatings. By varying anodizing time and potential only within narrow confines, coating thicknesses ranging from .02 mil up to 0.2 mil and thicker were produced,
After anodizing and rinsing, aluminum surfaces are conventionally subjected to a sealing procedure. One
common sealing procedure is the hot water seal where the aluminum is immersed in Water at or above about 200 F. Usually, the pH of the sealing water is maintained between 5.5 and 6.5, can be by adjustment with sulphuric acid or sodium hydroxide. Preferably, a small amount of Wetting agent, e.g., .001 to .005 percent is included in the sealing water to permit proper draining of the aluminum or removal from the sealing bath. Small amounts of other additives can be used as is customary. Alternatively, a phosphate seal can be used involving the treatment of the surface in a solution containing about 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH PO and 0.02% chromic acid at about to F.
The present anodizing process can be revised as desired to conform to any normal plant operation. Information on various alternative procedures for use in anodizing processes is available in patents and publications of the Aluminum Company of America relating to the Alcoa Alzak process.
EXAMPLES OF COATING COMPOSITIONS The following coating compositions A through H and I through T were prepared by mixing the ingredients indicated.
Composition: Ingredients A 0.3% sodium polyacrylamide (Cygard RC- 294) in water. B 0.3% sodium polyacrylate (Acrysol G-110) in water.
C 0.3% sodium alginate (Protonal LP) in water.
D 0.3% polyvinylacetate (Elvacet) in water.
E 0.3% Gelatin A (a so-called alkaline precursor gelatin which possesses a positive charge) in water.
F 0.3% alginate (Kelgin XL) in water.
6--.... 0.3% water extendable hydroxyethylcellulose having a molecular weight of about 4400 (Cellosize WP-4400) in n-heptane.
H 0.3% water extendable hydroxyethylcellulose having a molecular weight of about 300 (Cellosize WP-300) in water.
J 0.5% gum karaya in 99% isopropanol.
K 0.3% gum tragacanth in water.
L 0.3% polyvinylpyrollidone in water.
M 0.3% polyvinylether (Gantrez AN-139) in water.
N 0.3% sodium carrageenin (a polysaccharide gum) in water.
O 0.3% gelatin B (a gelatin having a negative charge) in water.
P 0.3% sodium carboxymethyl-cellulose (Carbose M) in water.
Q 0.3% carboxypolymethylene (Carbopol 940) in water.
R 0.3% agar in water.
S 0.3% gum arabic in water.
T 0.3% guar gum in water.
EXAMPLES 1-25 Aluminum coupons were dipped in the above compositions after various steps in the anodizing process described above to study the effect of application of the coating at different stages of the process. Usually, the total reflectance (TR) and diffuse reflectance (DR) values were better when the coating was applied to prior to or during the anodizing step (Step #4). The Step No. column in Table I identifies the last step of the anodizing process which had been completed prior to dipping in the hydrophilic colloid composition. Representative percent TR and percent DR values are reported in Table I for the visible light range.
TABLE I Visible region, percent Example Step composition N0. TR D wwiewloomwwmvhzopwmwtawmwwseawasw wonooooooooooo FFFEQ PH P qoooon-o mummmwuwzamzoracnmcncmcoowoeccm i l 0 indicates that the dip was before Step 1.
The inclusion of the hydrophilic colloid in the anodized coating decreases the diffuse reflectance values in the visible light region, which of course improves the percent specularity. Even with ordinary anodized coatings in the absence of hydrophilic colloid the thinner coatings seem to have a lower diffuse reflectance value but such thin coatings from ordinary anodizing processes are not recommended because they apparently do not stand up well enough under some use conditions. For example, commercial anodized aluminum usually has an anodized coating thickness (CT) between .15 and .25 mil, while it is not unusual to obtain coatings by the present method which have thicknesses below .03 mil and which are sufliciently hard to stand up under extended periods of use. It is believed that the thinness of the present coatings is a prime factor contributing to the low diffuse reflectance values.
EXAMPLES 26-37 These 12 examples illustrate the use of varying concentrations of hydrophilic colloids and also illustrate the effect of the de-smutting step. In each of these examples, an aluminum coupon was cleaned in alkaline cleaner by immersing for three minutes with the cleaner at a temperature of 150 F. The samples were then electrobrightened in a 4% fluoroboric acid solution for 5 minutes at a temperature of 85 for Examples 26 through 31 and 80 for Examples 32 through 37 with an applied potential of 14 volts. The hydrophilic colloid identified in the table below was included in the electrobrightening solution in the amount indicated. After electrobrightening, Examples 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 and 36 were de-smutted by immersing for 2 minutes in the de-smutting bath at a temperature of 180 F. The remaining examples were not de-smutted. None of the examples were subjected to the anodizing step but all were sealed by immersing in a chromium potassium sulfate solution for minutes at room temperature. The percent TR, percent DR and percent specularity for each example is reported in the table:
the above results show that de-smutting improves the percent TR, percent DR and percent specularity, as would be expected. The concentration of colloid in the electrobrightening bath does not appear to be critical so long as the bath remains liquid and is not gelled by the colloid.
EXAMPLES 38-55 A series of examples were run using a variety of different colloids. In Example 40, No. 13 aluminum reflector sheet was used while in the remaining examples, No. 22'aluminum reflector sheet was used. Examples 38, 41- 46, 50, 51, 53 and 54 were cleaned in an alkaline bath. An aluminum mill sheet sample was sprayed with a 2% solution of the colloid identified in the table below and coupons were cut from each sample. Where indicated in the table, in some examples the coupon was preeleaned in an alkaline cleaning bath before spraying. The 2% coating solution were often very viscous and had to be heated before they could be satisfactorily sprayed. The coupons were tested on a Beckman spectroreflectrometer for both total and diffuse reflectance. Percent specularity was calculated and the results are given in the table below.
Percent Specularity Colloid Sodium alginate (Protanal LF) Gelatin B Sodium polyacrylate (Acrysol 74 G-llO).
ylene. 44 Sodium carrageenin (natural colloid)- Cellosize WP 4400 Acrysol G-llO Pogginyl ether (G Antrey AN oo on on on GelatinB GelatinA TYPICAL PROCEDURE, #13 ALLOY As a result of experiments varying the conditions and concentration of solutions used in the present method, especially preferred processing conditions have been developed for both Gelatin A and Gelatin B for coating No. 13 aluminum alloy. These conditions involve a 5 minute electrobrightening step, a 2 minute anodizing step and a 10 minute phosphate seal. When using Gelatin A, .35% of Gelatin A is preferably included in the anodizing bath. When Gelatin B is used, its concentration is preferably about .1% in the anodizing bath. In each instance, the process normally results in a surface having about 87% to 89% total reflectively and about 1.5% to about 3.5% diffuse reflectivity.
TYPICAL PROCEDURE, #22 ALLOY Where No. 22 aluminum is processed, the same procedure is used except that where Gelatin A is the additive, it is used in about .4% in the anodizing solution. Under such conditions, Gelatin A produces a total reflectivity of 87% to 89% and a diffuse reflectivity of about 2% to about 3% and comparable results are obtained with Gelatin B.
In order to compare the use of hydrophilic colloid in the solution, 36 No. 22 aluminum reflectant sheets were processed through the Anodizing Process. 12 of the sheets (Group 1) were processed in the absence of hydrophilic colloid in the anodizing solution, receiving a 10 minute anodie coating. 12 other sheets (Group 2) were processed using .35 Gelatin A in the anodizing solution and the other 12 sheets (Group 3) were processed using .l% Gelatin B in the anodizing bath during the 10 minute anodic coating. With each type of reflector, 3 fixtures were constructed and were then tested photometrically on a Moore Research goniometer using a 400 watt color improved lamp. The average efiiciency for each group was as follows:
Group No.: Average percent efficiency 1 68.4 2 71.6 3 69.5
For comparison purposes, three fixtures using an Alcoa Alzak anodized aluminum as the reflectors had an average efiiciency of 68.6. Spectrorefiectometer readings in the visible region were made for the three groups of reflectors and for the Alcoa Alzak reflectors before they were installed in their fixtures. The average of the readings for each group was as follows:
Percent TR Group No.: reflectometer readings 1 85.2
3 85.7 Alcoa Alzak 85.5
Additional experimentation was carried out to determine whether the coatings applied by the present invention withstood temperatures normally encountered in high power light fixtures and whether the coating or its initial higher efficiency in a light fixture depreciated during use. Eight light fixtures of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 were obtained and the reflectors were removed and discarded. Reflector segments or strips were placed in the B groove in four of the fixtures and small 2" by 2" coupons of sample reflector materials were placed in various loca tions in each of the other four fixtures for testing on a Beckman spectroreflectorneter. Of each set of four fixtures, two contained coupons made by the above anodizing process without hydrophilic coating, and two contained coupons made by the above Typical Procedure #13 Alloy, with .35 Gelatin A in the anodizing solution. The no gelatin coatings were about 5 to times thicker than the Gelatin A coatings. One of each resulting pair of fixtures was installed on the plant roof and the other was installed inside the plant. Each fixture was aimed lens down at a 55 angle and was operated at 1500 watts with a clear lamp. All fixtures were tested photometrically, both before use and after either 350 hours use on the roof or 500 hours use inside the plant. The test results in terms of percent TR, percent DR and percent specularity are as follows:
FIXTURES ON THE ROOF Additional fixtures were constructed in order to determine if there is any deterioration of the reflector materials in other types of lamps. Four fixtures were obtained and in two the reflectors were replaced with Gelatin A coated reflectors prepared by the Typical Procedure #22 Alloy. The reflectors in the other fixtures were anodized in the same general manner but without any hydrophilic colloid and the coatings again were thicker than the Gelatin A coatings. All four fixtures were tested in the photometric laboratory with a calibrated color improved lamp and a clear mercury lamp and lumen output and efliciencies were calculated and recorded. One of each fixture type was placed in the plant and one of each type was placed on the roof and operated with a 1500 watt clear mercury lamp for 500 hours. The two fixtures in the plant were retested by photometric procedures after the 500 hours using the same calibrated lamps. The results were as follows:
As a specific example of the especially preferred procedure of this invention for producing the especially preferred very hard finishes, an anodizing solution was prepared containing 15% sulfuric acid, .35% Gelatin A and 02% grams/ 100 gallons) of potassium dichromate as hardening agent. Four aluminum reflector sheets (sheets W, X, Y, and Z) were processed 3 minutes in the alkaline cleaner at F., followed by two one-minute tap water rinses, a 30-second dip in a dilute nitric acid bath again followed by two one-minute rinses, and then in the electrobrightening bath at a temperature of 78% F. for 5 minutes at a potential of 18 volts (starting current density of amps per sq. ft. and ending current density of 70 amps). The' sheets were rinsed in tap water for 30 seconds, desmutted in the smut remover at 150 F. for 2 minutes, anodized in the anodizing solution at 70 F. for 2 minutes with a starting potential of 5 volts (current density of 10 amps per sq. ft.) and an ending potential of 11 volts (current density of 30 amps per sq. ft.) and then rinsed.
The optimum anodizing process for this form of the invention is one involving about 5 minutes electrobrightening and 2 minutes anodizing with no subsequent seal.
The sheets were' tested on a Beckman spectrophotometer for total and diffuse reflectance values in the visible region and had an average of 87 to 88% TR and 2 to 3% DR. The coating thicknesses averaged about .0375 mil. The coatings were much harder than those prepared without the tanning agent in the anodizing bath. The hardness was determined by the Stovall Hardness Test which involved imprinting a thumb print on the surface, spraying the surface with a solution of 50% Turco Glyst Concentrate (believed to be a mixture of degreasing solvents containing one or more ketones) and wiping the sprayed surface with a circular wiping motion with suflicient pressure to remove the thumb print. The sheet is then held at a 30 to 40 angle from horizontal under clear mercury light and observed for circular scratches. No scratches were observed on sheets W, X, Y and Z, although scratches appeared on all sheets tested which were anodized in a bath which did not contain tanning agent and some were badly scratched.
An extensive study was made of various procedures for producing anodized coatings on #22 aluminum reflector sheets for the purpose of determining the differences in results obtained with and without the hydrophilic colloid in the anodizing bath. Among the processes studied were the following:
Process A.-5 minutes in the electrobrightening bath followed by 5 minutes anodic coating in the anodizing 1 bath at 14 volts DC, followed by a 10 minute seal in hot water (208 F.).
Process B. minutes in the electrobrightening bath followed by 2 minutes anodic coating in the anodizing bath at 14 volts DC, followed by minutes seal in a 2% chromium potassium sulphate solution.
Process C.-5 minutes in the electrobrightening bath followed by 2 minutes anodic coating in the anodizing bath at 11 volts DC with .5% Gelatin A added to the anodizing bath, followed by 10 minute seal in the chromium potassium sulphate solution.
Process D.5 minutes in the electrobrightening bath followed by 2 minutes anodic coating in the anodizing bath at 11 volts DC with .1% Gelatin B added to the anodizing bath, followed by 10 minutes seal in the chromium potassium sulphate solution.
Process E.-5 minutes electrobrightening with .4% Gelatin B added to the electrobrightening bath, followed by 2 minutes anodic coating at 11 volts DC with .5% Gelatin A added to the anodizing bath, followed by a 10 minute seal in the chromium potassium sulphate solution.
Total and diffuse reflectance measurements were made on the #22 aluminum sheets anodized by the above processes using a Beckman DB-G spectrophotometer and a Texas Instrument Function/Riter No. 341 recorder. Samples were tested from wave length settings of 700 nm. to 200 nm. using a tungsten source for the visible region and hydrogen lamp for the ultraviolet region. All results are a percent of the reference samples, magnesium carbonate powder, pressed in a Bausch & Lomb press. The reflectance values were calculated using a Planimeter No. PL633. The scale was expanded for a higher degree of accuracy on all readings by using the Beckman scale expander.
The readings reported in the table below are average readings from a large number of anodized sheets prepared by the above 5 processes. Also, included in the table are average results obtained from testing commercially available sheets made by the Alcoa Type I Alzak process.
Calculated coating thickness.
The test results indicate that the longer period of time in the anodizing solution step reduces the total reflectance and builds up a thicker coating on the reflector sheet. The shorter length of time produces a more specular reflector sheet but a thinner coating. The coatings produced in the presence of the gel (Processes C through B) were thin coatings with a longer life expectancy than coatings produced in the absence of hydrophilic colloid. The commercial Alzak coatings are much thicker than those prepared by Prooesses C through E and this is done on purpose to provide adequate life expectancy in a commercial product.
With respect to ingredients used in compositions prepared and described above, all percentages given are percentages by weight unless otherwise indicated.
What is claimed is:
1. The method of protecting a reflective surface while increasing its specularity, which method comprises coating said surface with a hydrophilic colloid while anodizing said surface and tanning the colloid.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said surface is an aluminum surface.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said tanning step comprises dissolving a tanning agent in the anodizing bath.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said tanning agent is present in said bath in an amount between about .001 and about 10% by weight.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein the tanning step comprises anodizing the aluminum surface in an anodizing bath containing a water soluble tanning agent.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said coating is by dipping the surface in a liquid solution of hydrophilic colloid at a concentration below the region of coacervation.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said surface is aluminum and said coating step comprises depositing an aluminum colloidate on said surface.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the tanning step comprises treating the coated surface with a tanning agent.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said tanning agent is potassium dichromate.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein said tanning agent is selected from the class consisting of inorganic compounds having highly charged metal ions, amines, and their salts, urethane carboxyl compounds esters, alcohols and aldehydes.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said colloid is a water soluble polar hydrophilic material having functional groups selected from the class consisting of carboxyl groups, amino groups, hydroxyl groups, ether groups, and alkali metal complexes.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein said colloid is a natural resin.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein said natural resin is gelatin.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein said resin is a gum.
15. The method of claim 11 wherein said colloid is a synthetic resin.
16. The method of claim 11 wherein said colloid is selected from the class consisting of water soluble natural gums, alkali carrageenin, alginates, gelatin, sodium salts of acrylic acid or acrylamide polymers, polyvinyl pyrollidone, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl acetate, copolymers of vinyl acetate, methylcellulose, casein and derivatives, starch derivatives, cellulose acetate-phthalate and carboxypolymethylene.
17. An article of manufacture comprising a reflector having a metallic reflective surface and having an anodized coating on the reflective surface comprising a tanned hydrophilic colloid.
18. The article of claim 17 wherein said colloid is gelatin.
19. The article of claim 17 wherein said colloid is selected from the class consisting of water soluble natural and synthetic resins.
20. The article of claim 17 wherein said reflective surface is aluminum.
21. The article of claim 20 wherein the coated reflective surface has a specularity of at least about 94 percent.
22. The article of claim 20 wherein the coating is aluminum colloidate.
23. The article of claim 22 wherein said coating is aluminum gelatinate.
24. The article of claim 20 wherein said coating is coelectro-deposited colloid, aluminum oxide and tanning agent.
25. The article of claim 17 including a lamp fixture and means mounting said reflector in the fixture with the reflective surface faced for receiving and reflecting light from a lamp.
(References on following page) 13 14 References Cited OTHER REFERENCES UNITED STATES PATENTS A Wernick, Metal Finishing, v01. 54, #8, August 1956, 1,946,152 2/1934 Edwards 204-351 W 2,466,971 4/1949 Shawcross 148 6.27 X 5 29gullen, The Metal Industry, Sept. 18, 1936, pp. 293- 2,476,957 7/1949 Brenner et a1. 117-62.2
RALPH S. KENDALL, Primary Examiner FOREIGN PATENTS 395,390 7/1933 Great Britain 2o4- ss 396,743 8/1933 Great Britain 204 ss 1 117-35; 1 14; 2 4 -1, -1, 58
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
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|Dainichiseika Color Chem
|Process for coloring aluminum and aluminum alloys
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|Sealing solution and process to prevent deposits forming during the sealing of anodized aluminum surfaces
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|Process for anodizing highly reflective aluminum materials
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|U.S. Classification
|362/341, 427/162, 428/467, 205/210, 428/472.2, 148/251, 205/213, 148/275, 148/274, 427/160, 205/229, 428/464, 428/459
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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The Struggle of Finding a Summer Job, as Told by The Office
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