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- Report: #987746
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Medicus Golf
Medicus GolfInternet United States of America
Medicus Golf RMC Golf I ordered a $0.99 video online video subcription about swing training. It was junk so I canceled it the same day. Problem is, they sign you up for a variety of other training videos and golf discount Internet
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Received credit card charges for $9.95 x 3 for the services below every month :
RMC Golf
MD Tour Golf
Kavi Tour
I called customer asked them who they were, they said medicus. I asked if they were also RMC Golf, MD Tour Golf, Kavi Tour Golf they said yes. I told them I was reporting them to the AG office and they put me on hold. When they came back I asked them what other shell companys do they have that I can expect fraud charges to appear on my credit card. They said nothing and that a manager would have to call me back. Gave my #...Still waiting. DO NOT BUY ANYTHING FROM MEDICUS!!!!
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 12/27/2012 02:31 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Medicus-Golf/internet/Medicus-Golf-RMC-Golf-I-ordered-a-099-video-online-video-subcription-about-swing-traini-987746. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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No Field Goals Made for this player
Walter LeArmand LeJean
Position: G-C-T-B
6-0, 231lb (183cm, 104kg)
Born: January 12, 1898 in Chillicothe, OH
Died: December 3, 1972 in Chillicothe, OH
College: Heidelberg , Bethany (WV)
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 0 (14739th overall since 1960)
High School: Chillicothe (OH)
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- Report: #873077
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Complaint Review: Stanley Steemer
Stanley Steemer1334 N. 131st St. seattle, Washington United States of America
Stanley Steemer I payed $300 for carpets that look worse & a dent in the door. seattle, Washington
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They offered me a re-do of the carpet cleaning when I called to tell them what had happened. I was hesitant because I did not want the same workers to come out. I was assured they would not send the same people, and was offered a "senior crew." So what do they do, but send one of the same guys along with someone new. The guy who was there before is angry and both of them are telling me it's no problem to shampoo a 500+ square foot carpet in less than 20 minutes. The one who had not been there the last time added that he could clean this room in 10 minutes. So what is this, 1 second a square foot? I don't care how good the equipment is, unless they got a magic wand it won't be clean like this. Traffic areas, stains, nothing gets an extra moment of attention. They work like bats out of hell - just want to get out quick and get the money.
When I showed them the small damage on the door, the worker lied and said they could not have caused this because they never even came upstairs. With my own eyes I saw them spraying my area rugs upstairs, on the hardwood floors. He bald face lied to me. I was shocked at the time, but people who will damage or break something and not have the integrity to tell you, may not have qualms about lying to your face.
The carpets were finished in less than 45 minutes. The manager said this was because their equipment is high powered and the workers are "efficient." He also looked at my carpet and said it was not dirt left behind, but old damage. Not even TV detectives like CSI can look at something & know with 1 glance whether there is dirt or not. All I know is my carpet looked better before they started. He told me the dent & split in the wood could not be repaired to my satisfaction, and that they would not replace the door they damaged because "it's not like there's a huge crack or gap in the wood." Yes, the door still closes. But it wasn't screwed up before they let their cleaning equipment fall against it, and it should be their responsibility to fix it or replace it. He offered me a $25 gift certificate toward a future cleaning. Like I would let anyone from this company set foot in my house again!
It was clear he came out to tell me whatever his workers did was fine, and that the damage done was not important. Just take the money and run.
Unprofessional outfit, all the way around.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 04/24/2012 11:59 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Stanley-Steemer/seattle-Washington-98133/Stanley-Steemer-I-payed-300-for-carpets-that-look-worse-a-dent-in-the-door-seattle-W-873077. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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Encouraging Exploration One Ice Cream Cone At A Time - Lee's Summit Tribune - Lee's Summit News
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Welcome to the new home of Lee's Summit Tribune. We are dedicated to providing you the most current and accurate news and events in Lee's Summit
Encouraging Exploration One Ice Cream Cone At A...
Encouraging Exploration One Ice Cream Cone At A Time
August 9, 2014
After taking a conservation pledge, a girl gets a free
scoop of ice cream as part of the Ice Cream Expedition
at Birch Aquarium at Scripps Institution of Oceanography,
University of California, San Diego
Photo Courtesy of Jordan Fatke
By Wendy Hayworth
Three college graduates set off on a cross-country road trip on Thursday, July 17. Their mode of transport is a refurbished 1988 delivery truck, which they converted to serve ice cream and run on vegetable oil.
It all began three years ago, when recent Stanford graduate Caleb Kruse was talking with some friends. They wanted to take a road trip but were unsure of how they could fund such a large adventure. A friend suggested that they sell ice cream.
"That idea really resonated with me," Kruse said. "A road trip is a very American thing to do, it's very uncommon in other countries, and an ice cream truck is classically American."
Captivated by this idea, Kruse set out to find funding.
"It was hard getting anyone to gravitate to it because it's kind of an unusual idea," Kruse said.
Last November Kruse, his older brother Cameron, and their friend Jordan Fatke applied for the National Geographic Young Explorers Grant.
In February, the group partnered with National Geographic Kids to travel the country to teach kids about conservation and give out free ice cream.
The ice cream itself comes in four flavors: coconut and purple yam, avocado, guava, and mango. These unusual flavors are staples of the Magnolia Ice Cream Company, a company started by Pilipino immigrants hoping to branch out to a larger audience.
"They just wrote to National Geographic before any of this was public, just kind of a publicity blast email, and National Geographic saw that and forwarded it to me," Kruse said. "It's just been a perfect partnership and we love their ice cream."
The trip consists of 16 planned stops where the trio teaches explorations and conservation to kids as they enjoy their free ice cream.
"An explorer doesn't need to be someone who is, you know, trekking across the jungle or something like that," Kruse said. "It's sitting there and looking closely at the world around and I think that message has really resonated with a lot of kids."
The kids are encouraged to pick a place in their community to explore and take care of. They are given pledges where they can draw their location and promise to take care of it.
There is more to the trip than the scheduled visits, such as when the truck found itself in Lee's Summit on Wednesday, August 6.
"Since two of the boys are my adopted grandsons, they just wanted to see us and so they drove on over here," resident Tom Flint said.
These impromptu stops help spread the message of conservation even further and show what the trip is really about.
"Driving through the real open highway in Montana, we just pulled off the side of the road for a second and a rancher and his two children came up to the truck," Kruse said. "We talked to them about where they lived and a little bit about exploration."
Throughout the trip, the group is documenting their adventures on various forms of social media, while Fatke films for their upcoming documentary on the adventure.
The trip is not quite halfway over. Their progress can be tracked through various forms of social media. They can be found on both Twitter and Instagram @Icexpedition, on Facebook at facebook.com/ICexpedition, their website theicecreamexpedition.com, and through kids.nationalgeographic.com.
"It's great because it just really breaks down barriers," Kruse said. "So far the reception has just been wonderful."
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Furthermore, the 5-megapixel camera has touch focus, a flash, nine Instagram-esque photo filters, four shooting modes (like rapid capture and panorama), a timer, and 16 scene modes. It also has two face detection options, and separate meters to adjust for exposure, brightness, contrast, saturation, and sharpness.
Video options for both cameras include digital zoom, four video qualities (from MMS to 720p), the same five white-balance options, and geotagging. You can also take a photo while recording video. Continuous flash and a time lapse option is reserved only for the 5-megapixel camera.
Video quality fared just as adequately as the camera. Though it wasn't exactly seamless, focus shifted fast enough when I moved from one sort of lighting to another, and audio picked up well. Objects were easy to make out, and the camera didn't have that subtle "pulsating" effect that often plagues camera phones. However, images didn't look quite as crisp as I'd like, and colors looked as washed out as they did with the camera.
I tested the tri-band (800/1,700/1,900) Source at our San Francisco offices and call quality was average. Although none of my calls dropped and I didn't hear any extraneous buzzing or noises, voices did come off a bit staticky. My calling partner sounded tinny and pinched, and there were one or two times where her words clipped at the end (though, again, this was rare). Likewise, I was told I sounded muffled, but I was still easy to understand. The external speaker yielded similar results: voices sounded sharp and hollow, and maximum volume could stand to be a tad louder, as I had to hold the device closer to my ear to hear my calls.
ZTE Source (Cricket Wireless) call quality sample Listen now:
Although the handset is LTE-enabled, I was only able to latch onto Cricket's 4G, non-LTE network. Data speeds were glacial, and it didn't look like I could change my settings to another network, just in case 3G fared better. On average CNET's mobile site loaded in 50 seconds and our desktop site loaded in 2 minutes and 24 seconds. The New York Times' mobile and desktop site took about 35 seconds, and 3 minutes and 13 seconds, respectively. ESPN's mobile site took 1 minute and 6 seconds to load, and its desktop site loaded in a minute and a half. Ookla's Speedtest app showed me an average of 0.15Mbps down and 0.34Mbps up. It took a whopping 36 minutes and 34 seconds on average just to download the 37.61MB game Temple Run 2.
|ZTE Source
|Performance testing
|Average 4G download speed
|Average 4G upload speed
|App download (Temple Run 2)
|37.61MB in 36 minutes and 34 seconds
|CNET mobile site load
|50 seconds
|CNET desktop site load
|2 minutes and 24 seconds
|Restart time
|42 seconds
|Camera boot time
|2.21 seconds
The phone is powered by a 1.2GHz dual-core Snapdragon processor from Qualcomm. Though it can be laggy at times (for instance, it takes 42 seconds for the Source to reboot and 2.21 seconds to launch the camera), necessary and daily tasks were executed in a satisfactory amount of time. Returning to the home screen, browsing through the app drawer, and opening up the lock screen didn't take much time at all. And while I've seen higher frame rates and smoother graphics on higher-tiered devices for the game Riptide GP, the app played consistently, and I didn't experience any stuttering or force quits during gameplay.
Inside, you'll find a 2,070mAh battery that has a reported talk time of up to 15 hours and a stand by time of nearly 10.5 days. Anecdotally, the battery life didn't impress. It didn't last the weekend on standby, and after a full workday under medium use, it needed a plug to juice up for the rest of the evening. During our battery drain test, the phone lasted 8.12 hours for continuous video playback. According to FCC radiation measurements, the handset has a digital SAR rating of 1.41W/kg.
If you're able to receive 4G LTE coverage from Cricket in your area, the ZTE Source is a satisfying, low-cost option. But if you can spare another $60, opt for the carrier's Samsung Galaxy Admire 2. Though it has a smaller screen, it has a better camera and a slightly larger battery. In addition, you'll still be able to access Cricket's Muve Music service.
However, if you're not tied to the carrier, other phones are worth considering. For example, if you get better LTE coverage through Sprint's network, its prepaid arm, Virgin Mobile, currently offers the Samsung Galaxy Victory 4G LTE for $10 more. Moreover, both the $199 LG Optimus F6 on MetroPCS, and Boost Mobile's LG Mach have a better 5-megapixel camera (which can record 1080p HD video as well) than the Source, and perform smoother and more reliably. The latter is also $10 cheaper and features a physical sliding keyboard.


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The Wildlife Botanical Gardens in Brush Prairie...
The Wildlife Botanical Gardens are a cohesive blend of specialty theme gardens, spread over three acres in Southwest Washington. The gardens, and devoted gardeners, demonstrate and teach gardening concepts that attract birds, butterflies, hummingbirds and other wildlife to residential gardens. Come visit the Wildlife Botanical Gardens year-round and enjoy the unique beauty each season has to offer!
Upcoming Classes
Do you want to take striking photographs of your favorite flowers, wildlife, and landscapes? This class will cover some of the basics of lighting, composition, and design for photography that you can put to use right away. Read more


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1. This cake looks amazing. You could describe it as "delicious."
2. You could also describe it as …"moist." *cringe*
3. But the "m" word is an awful word. You hate even thinking it.
4. It's not like you have a problem with words like "wet" or "damp."
5. It just feels gross to say … you know … "moist." *shudder*
6. It might have something to do with the "oi" sound. Like in "ointment" or "goiter."
7. But it probably has more to do with the fact that that word makes you think more of bodily fluids than cake.
8. You don't want to think about bodily fluids while enjoying cake, whether it's a sweaty palm…
9. …or, you know…
10. It's an innocent enough word, but you just feel dirty using it. You feel like you need to wash up after hearing it.
11. Also, it comes from the Latin "muscidus" which meant "slimy," "moldy," "musty" and gave us the word "mucus."
12. And you're not alone. A lot of people don't like the "m" word either.
13. So please, just stop using the "m" word.
14. Thanks!
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In The News Today
- Actor Gene Wilder, who starred in classics like "Willy Wonka" and "Blazing Saddles," has died at 83.
- Some of Europe's most vulnerable children are seeking refuge in the UK only to disappear from care and possibly fall into the clutches of people-traffickers.
- Apple will unveil the newest iPhones on September 7. Expect a new dual-camera system and NO headphone jack 📱


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Spain Packing List Tips by SirRichard Top 5 Page for this destination
Spain What to Pack: 63 reviews and 56 photos
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Clothing/Shoes/Weather Gear: The weather in Spain in summer depends mainly on where you go to:
- South, center, east and the islands: HOT (30-40�C)
- North coast and north west: Cool and cloudy sometimes (20-30�C).
But take this as a rule, as some summers I have seen 31 sunny days in august in the north coast, but this is not the normal thing.
44 centigrades in Madrid in July
Clothing/Shoes/Weather Gear: Spain in summer can be very hot. It depends on the areas, of course. The pic U see was taken in Madrid in late July, showing a temperature of 44 centigrade degrees!!!
If youi go to the south (Andalucia) or to the Mediterranean coast you will find similar temperatures.
But if you go up to the north coast, temperatures can go down like 10-15 degrees less than in the rest, and can even be chilly in the evenings, including rainy days too...
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19 June 2016
Some questions about Robin Hanson's *Age of Em*
It seems to me that a world in which brain emulations are possible would probably look quite different from what Hanson imagines.
1. One of Hanson's key premises is that only very few people will be emulated, namely those that are best suited to be productive and obedient workers. But why would the technology be restricted to emulating only a few people? Being emulated sounds like one possible path to immortality, so I suspect many would want to be emulated and be willing to pay for it. Also, especially given that you could have many copies of you, it could be easy to get a loan to be emulated (which would be repaid by the work done by ems later on). So, income restrictions shouldn't be a massive stumbling block. This in itself would push the em scenario in a very different direction from what Hanson imagines.
Corollary 1: Would identity theft be a problem? Once a person has been emulated, they could be further illegitimately copied at low cost, and the pirated copies used as slaves. Current difficulties to enforce copyright laws seem to suggest this might be difficult to prevent.
Corollary 2: The em scenario looks somewhat similar to David Brin's Kiln People. What did Brin get wrong? Why wouldn't the em scenario look closer to the Kiln People rather than The Age of Em?
2. Neglected topic: Why not colonize the galaxy with ems? Currently it's virtually impossible for actual humans to colonize even Mars. With ems it would be possible to colonize the entire galaxy in about 1 million years (which is long by human history standards, but very short by astronomical time frames).
(a) How would a society of ems spanning the galaxy look like? (There's that fun Krugman paper for a start.)
(b) This connects the discussion about ems with Fermi's paradox and Hanson's points about the great filter. Why haven't aliens (who presumably emerged millions if not billions of years before us) already emulated their brains and colonized the galaxy?
03 October 2015
What's wrong with Searle's Chinese Room argument?
Imagine a native English speaker who knows no Chinese locked in a room full of boxes of Chinese symbols (a data base) together with a book of instructions for manipulating the symbols (the program). Imagine that people outside the room send in other Chinese symbols which, unknown to the person in the room, are questions in Chinese (the input). And imagine that by following the instructions in the program the man in the room is able to pass out Chinese symbols which are correct answers to the questions (the output). The program enables the person in the room to pass the Turing Test for understanding Chinese but he does not understand a word of Chinese. (Searle, 1999, 'The Chinese Room', in Wilson, R.A. and F. Keil (eds.), The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge: MIT Press)This argument is what we could call a nice intellectual magic trick, as Searle diverts the attention of the spectator from what's important, the place where the "magic" really takes place, namely the "book of instructions for manipulating the symbols", and points it to the unimportant attention-grabbing actor brought to the forefront, namely the "native English speaker who knows no Chinese".
07 July 2014
What is Austrian Economics about?
After Noath Smith's and Mike Munger's ridiculous attacks on Austrian economics can we can say that we have finally entered phase two? In case one is a neoclassical economist interested in moving to phase three, here's with what you have to deal with before anything else.
Take this quote from Knight and Johnson (2007) summarizing a basic point made by David Kreps in one of the most widely used microeconomics textbooks (emphasis added by me):
What economists offer is an analysis of the existence and qualities of equilibrium outcomes that does not explain how markets actually generate such nice equilibria. In other words this demonstration "doesn't provide... any sense of how markets operate. There is no model here of who sets prices, or what gets exchanged for what, when, and where" (Kreps 1990, 195-8). Instead, economists offer "a reduced form solution" that "describes what we imagine will be the outcome of some underlying and unmodeled process" (Kreps, 195, 187). Standard microeconomic analysis, in other words, offers little understanding of precisely how "market/exchange mechanisms" actually operate (Kreps, 195, 190). Thus the claim that economic agents will find their way to equilibrium in a decentralized process is a "rather heroic assertion" and, by implication, it "seems natural to think that we could increase (or decrease) our faith in the concept of Walrasian equilibrium if we had some sense of how markets really do operate." Progress on this task can be made "only if we are more specific about the institutional mechanisms involved" in mar ket interactions (Kreps, 187,190).
In fact, Knight and Johnson and Kreps are somewhat uninformed. There are two major attempts to explain price adjustment. One is provided by Kenneth Arrow, and the other one by Israel Kirzner (his theory of entrepreneurship, which rests at the very foundation of Austrian economics). Here's a graph of their relative impact on the economic profession (numbers from Google Scholar):
- First, it is absurd to identify Austrian economics solely with this theory, especially that prominent Austrians (e.g. Israel Kirzner or Richard Wagner) are actually critical of it for not being Austrian enough (ABCT is a highly aggregated theory with many idealized assumptions). (Here's an example.) And the idea that ABCT is supposed to be apriori correct and in no need of empirical testing is also absurd. The theory is hard to test because it requires disagregated data on the capital structure. Here's a list of empirical papers trying test it (e.g. by looking at the structure of the labor market).
- Second, I think that, properly understood, ABCT is an application to macroeconomics of the theory of entrepreneurship -- it is a theory of how entrepreneurial activity gets distorted. So, you cannot really criticize ABCT without getting into the deeper problem of explaining price adjustments. And to say it again: the neoclassical theory of price adjustment is not very well developed (Arrow's approach is interesting, and not necessarily contradictory to Kirzner's, but, in order to do the math, he is forced to make many highly unrealistic assumptions).
19 March 2014
Why are costs subjective? And what is the subjective value of money?
A classmate and I are having some trouble with the question in homework 2 about costs being subjective.
One answer focuses on individual preferences as the source of costs:
"Costs are subjective because value is determined by the importance that individual players place on goods and services for the achievement of their desired ends. Everyone has different tastes and preferences and this can be reflected when determining how much they are willing to pay for a particular good or service."
The other focuses on opportunity costs:
"Costs are subjective because they are derived from marginal opportunity cost. The value of the next best alternative is a subjective value because it depends on the person who is considering a situations. Value is determined by the importance that individual players place on goods and services for the achievement of their desired ends. "
My answer:
The second answer is much better. Costs are subjective because they are opportunity costs - the cost is the value of the next best thing, and this value is subjective. Cost is not just how much you are paying for something, but it is what else you could have done with that money. (After all, the money itself is only valuable because of the things you can buy with it.)
The first answer is incorrect for the following reason:
Even if the two people value the item in the same way, the cost of acquiring the thing may still differ, because the value of the next best thing may differ. The first answer implies that if two people value something in the same way (say, they derive the same subjective pleasure from it), than they would be willing to pay the same amount for it. But this is incorrect. They may still differ in regard to how much they are willing to pay for it because the opportunity cost may differ.
By contrast, if the opportunity cost is the same, they are going to be willing to pay the same amount for the good, even if the subjective value of the good differs! For example, to simplify, suppose we have movie vouchers (we can only buy movies with these things). If I really like movie X, and you only kind of like it, but we both equally dislike the other movies playing, we are going to be wiling pay the same voucher amount to see X. The value of the voucher is given by our subjective valuation of the other movies, not by our subjective valuation of the movie we are buying.
11 February 2014
The Guaranteed Basic Income is Trickier than You Think
Social mobility
Efficient poverty reduction
Very small risk
Market-based insurance
Welfare system
31 December 2013
Atheism as a political movement
to the charge that atheism is somehow "elitist," I say: "of course. who cares?" The forefronts of knowledge have always been, and in some sense must be, the bastion of those who are privileged along some dimension or other. … We can agree that it would be "cruel and pointless" to try to talk these people out of their theism. But labeling atheism itself an "intellectual luxury" constitutes a nearsighted attempt to imbue atheism with the connotation that it's unnecessary and frivolous. Please don't forget that in other contexts, the non-religious do important work towards curtailing religiously-motivated harms (female genital mutilation, anyone? allowing children with easily cured medical conditions to die?) At those times, it is keeping quiet about unjustified religious claims ("thinking differently" from atheists!) which would be cruel.
Kevin Vallier: "If you have gone to college and you do knowledge work for a living, the pursuit of truth ought to be of significant (though probably never overriding) importance to you. Theists of this class are aggravating, because they seem to be either willfully ignorant of science and philosophy, or capable of withstanding huge amounts of cognitive dissonance." Seriously? I hope I'm not one of these unfortunate souls.
- Making sure that all public policy and judicial acts are science-based or at least scientifically informed and not explicitly counter to what we know to be true.
- Getting more funding for scientific research, while maintaining the political independence of science.
23 June 2013
The Great Stagnation and over-regulation
The proximate explanation is a slowdown in productivity:
But why did this slowdown in productivity occur?
John W. Dawson and John J. Seater argue that a big part of the explanation is regulation. From their paper, "Federal Regulation and Aggregate Economic Growth" [PDF] in the Journal of Economic Growth:
Figure 9 shows the effect of regulation on TFP's trend. The effect is negative throughout the sample period, but increases in regulation actually decrease this negative effect on TFP's trend through about 1980. This suggests that, to the extent that regulation contributed to the productivity slowdown, it must have occurred through cyclical rather than trend effects. The combined trend and cyclical effects of regulation can be obtained by constructing the counterfactual series which shows the level of TFP had regulation remained at its 1949 level. Figure 10 shows the change in the ratio of actual TFP to counterfactual TFP. As with output, there is an initial point artifact. Ignoring that, we see that the change in the ratio is about zero in 1965 and then becomes increasingly negative until about 1980. After that, the change rises sharply and is positive in some years through the late 1990s, after which it falls again. Throughout the 1965-1980 period the change is negative, indicating a persistent negative effect of regulation on TFP during the infamous productivity slowdown.
Their counterfactual:
(reason's cover of the paper.)
21 May 2013
*The Rule of the Clan: What an Ancient Form of Social Organization Reveals About the Future of Individual Freedom*
1. A purely contractual society rests on individual property rights being defined. Without this prerequisite, there cannot be voluntary exchanges and contracts.
2. Property rights have to be enforced in order to be meaningful. (That's why, e.g., natural rights theory is non-sense.)
3. The enforcement of property rights by a state (legitimate monopoly of violence) makes it possible for everyone to have the same fundamental rights. This is possible, but not necessary, as the example of dictatorial states shows. The degree of legitimacy of a state, from a liberal point of view, is given by the extent to which everyone has the same fundamental rights, i.e. the state enforces the rights in a non-discriminatory fashion. (We can quibble about the exact list of "fundamental rights", but his argument does not depend on making this list explicit or on adopting a particular list.)
4. The enforcement of property rights by private clubs leads to a variety of rights, depending on the club to which you are a member of. In a world without government, fundamental rights (i.e. which everyone should have) no longer exist.
5. Equality of fundamental rights is an essential liberal value that should not be abandoned.
Therefore, a society of private clubs (i.e. anarchy), although it is possible, it is against the liberal individualistic ideal (i.e the ideal that everyone should have the same fundamental rights) and should be rejected.
A lot of the book is about arguing that anarchy is not only possible, but actually it has been the rule in most of human history, and it still the prevailing constitutional arrangement in much of the world. The traditional form of anarchy is not a society of private clubs, but a society of kin-based clans. His argument is that a move towards a society of private clubs, via the weakening of state power in liberal democracies, leads us back to the past in the sense that the idea of fundamental (universal and equal) rights is eroded.
His discussions of historical examples are well worth reading, for example he disagrees with David Friedman that medieval Island had been an example of anarchy. His discussion of Islam as an attempt to replace a clan-based society with a rule of law society is very interesting - he has a comparative analysis of developments in Britain and the Arab world at around the same time -, but he ultimately doesn't have an explanation for why Islam has been so much less successful than European states at eliminating the clan-based organization of society. He also doesn't talk at all about technology, but even so his historical analyses are still very good (I don't think he tries to get into the "ultimate causes" debate, he keeps it fairly descriptive).
26 February 2013
Nietzsche's creepy remarks about socialism
From Will to Power, 125 (pp. 77-8):
27 January 2013
Acemoglu on unbundling the impact of specific institutions from the effect of broad economic systems
From "Constitutions, Politics, and Economics: A Review Essay on Persson and Tabellini's The Economic Effect of Constitutions":
"I now turn to a discussion of the problems involved in using these variables as instruments for specific institutions. This has become a common practice in the newly flourishing empirical political economy literature. … I will argue that there are serious problems in this procedure because of inherent complementarities between different types of institutions. … Here the distinction between a broad cluster of institutions and specific institutions is crucial. In AJR (2001), we defined a broad cluster of institutions as a combination of economic, political, social and legal institutions that are mutually reinforcing. …
As an example of the difficulty of this type of strategy to estimate the effect of specific institutions, consider the quasi-natural experiment due to international politics, the division of Korea into North and South. … Suppose now that we try to use this source of variation to understand the effect of some specific institutional feature, say financial development, on economic growth. It should be clear that this strategy will lead to a highly biased estimate. It is true that South Korea is financially more developed than North Korea. It is also true that the reason for this is the division in 1946 (had it not been for the division, the North and the South would probably have similar levels of financial development). But this does not make the division a good experiment to understand the effect of financial development, because this division also caused many other institutional changes. It is a good laboratory for the study of broad institutions, but not for a study of the specific institutions. …
the objective here is to estimate the effect of specific institutions. … Can we then use Z_i as an instrument for a specific institution, say S_1 ? The answer is no. If we were to do this, all of the S_k 's would also load onto S_1. … we can get arbitrarily biased estimates of the effect of S_1 on the outcome of interest. This discussion also makes it clear that the problem of instrumenting for a specific institution, such as S_1, is in many ways similar to the omitted variable bias, since other specific institutions that make up the cluster of institutions, G, are omitted from the regression. Even if we include proxies for some of them, unless we can correctly estimate the causal effects of all of those, IV regressions will fail to estimate the causal effect of the specific institution of interest, S_1, consistently. …
a source of variation in the broad cluster of institutions is not sufficient to separately estimate the effects of specific institutional features. In other words, we can find clever instruments, from history, sometimes from geography, or international politics, that affect the whole social organization of a society, but this is only the first step. It does not enable us to conclude that one specific institution is more important than another.
However, what we want to know in practice is not only that "institutions" (defined as a broad cluster, and therefore almost necessarily as a black box) matter, but which specific dimensions of institutions matter for which outcomes. It is only the latter type of knowledge that will enable better theories of institutions to be developed and practical policy recommendations to emerge from this new area. Consequently, the issue of "unbundling institutions," that is, understanding the role of specific components of the broad bundle, is of first order importance."
14 January 2013
Recomended by them:
Dig! (2004)
The Devil and Daniel Johnston (2005)
Hoop Dreams (1994)
Capturing the Friedmans (2003)
Quince Tree of the Sun (1992)
Paradise Lost: The Child Murders at Robin Hood Hills (1996)
Undergångens arkitektur (1989)
Mr. Death: The Rise and Fall of Fred A. Leuchter, Jr. (1999)
The Times of Harvey Milk (1984)
Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer (2003)
Harlan County U.S.A. (1976)
One Day in September (1999)
Brother's Keeper (1992)
Woodstock (1970)
The Thin Blue Line (1988)
American Movie (1999)
Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse (1991)
Crumb (1994)
Once in a Lifetime: The Extraordinary Story of the New York Cosmos (2006)
Vernon, Florida (1981)
The Game of Their Lives (2002)
The King of Kong: A Fistful of Quarters (2007)
Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life (1997)
Company: Original Cast Album (1970)
Countdown to Zero (2010 Documentary)
Stop Making Sense (1984 Documentary)
Bobby Fischer Against the World (2011 Documentary)
Tyson (2008 Documentary)
Hands on a Hard Body: The Documentary (1997 Documentary)
Dogtown and Z-Boys (2001 Documentary)
Dancing Outlaw (1991 Documentary)
Anvil: The Story of Anvil (2008 Documentary)
Exit Through the Gift Shop (2010 Documentary)
Deep Water (2006 Documentary)
The Power of Nightmares: The Rise of the Politics of Fear (2004 Mini-Series)
Dark Days (2000 Documentary)
Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse (1991 Documentary)
Bus 174 (2002 Documentary)
The Last Waltz (1978 Documentary)
02 October 2012
Ortega y Gasset - "The Greatest Danger: the State"
from The Revolt of the Masses, chapter 13:
though it is not impossible that the prestige of violence as a cynically established rule has entered on its decline, we shall still continue under that rule, though in another form. I refer to the gravest danger now threatening European civilisation. Like all other dangers that threaten it, this one is born of civilisation itself. More than that, it constitutes one of its glories: it is the State as we know it today. ...
Early capitalism and its industrial organisations, in which the new, rationalised technique triumphs for the first time, had brought about a commencement of increase in society. A new social class appeared, greater in numbers and power than the pre-existing: the middle class. This astute middle class possessed one thing, above and before all: talent, practical talent. It knew how to organise and discipline, how to give continuity and consistency to its efforts. In the midst of it, as in an ocean, the "ship of State" sailed its hazardous course. The ship of State is a metaphor re-invented by the bourgeoisie, which felt itself oceanic, omnipotent, pregnant with storms. ...
But with the Revolution the middle class took possession of public power and applied their undeniable qualities to the State, and in little more than a generation created a powerful State, which brought revolutions to an end. Since 1848, that is to say, since the beginning of the second generation of bourgeois governments, there have been no genuine revolutions in Europe. Not assuredly because there were no motives for them, but because there were no means. Public power was brought to the level of social power. Good-bye for ever to Revolutions! The only thing now possible in Europe is their opposite: the coup d'etat. Everything which in following years tried to look like a revolution was only a coup d'etat in disguise.
In our days the State has come to be a formidable machine which works in marvellous fashion; of wonderful efficiency by reason of the quantity and precision of its means. Once it is set up in the midst of society, it is enough to touch a button for its enormous levers to start working and exercise their overwhelming power on any portion whatever of the social framework.
The contemporary State is the easiest seen and best-known product of civilisation. And it is an interesting revelation when one takes note of the attitude that mass-man adopts before it. He sees it, admires it, knows that there it is, safeguarding his existence; but he is not conscious of the fact that it is a human creation invented by certain men and upheld by certain virtues and fundamental qualities which the men of yesterday had and which may vanish into air tomorrow. Furthermore, the mass-man sees in the State an anonymous power, and feeling himself, like it, anonymous, he believes that the State is something of his own. Suppose that in the public life of a country some difficulty, conflict, or problem presents itself, the mass-man will tend to demand that the State intervene immediately and undertake a solution directly with its immense and unassailable resources.
This is the gravest danger that today threatens civilisation: State intervention; the absorption of all spontaneous social effort by the State, that is to say, of spontaneous historical action, which in the long run sustains, nourishes, and impels human destinies. When the mass suffers any ill-fortune or simply feels some strong appetite, its great temptation is that permanent, sure possibility of obtaining everything- without effort, struggle, doubt, or risk- merely by touching a button and setting the mighty machine in motion. The mass says to itself, "L'Etat, c'est moi," which is a complete mistake. The State is the mass only in the sense in which it can be said of two men that they are identical because neither of them is named John. The contemporary State and the mass coincide only in being anonymous. But the mass-man does in fact believe that he is the State, and he will tend more and more to set its machinery working on whatsoever pretext, to crush beneath it any creative minority which disturbs it- disturbs it in any order of things: in politics, in ideas, in industry.
The result of this tendency will be fatal. Spontaneous social action will be broken up over and over again by State intervention; no new seed will be able to fructify. Society will have to live for the State, man for the governmental machine. And as, after all, it is only a machine whose existence and maintenance depend on the vital supports around it, the State, after sucking out the very marrow of society, will be left bloodless, a skeleton, dead with that rusty death of machinery, more gruesome than the death of a living organism. ...
Already in the times of the Antonines (IInd Century), the State overbears society with its anti-vital supremacy. Society begins to be enslaved, to be unable to live except in the service of the State. The whole of life is bureaucratised. What results? The bureaucratisation of life brings about its absolute decay in all orders. Wealth diminishes, births are few. Then the State, in order to attend to its own needs, forces on still more the bureaucratisation of human existence. This bureaucratisation to the second power is the militarisation of society. The State's most urgent need is its apparatus of war, its army. Before all the State is the producer of security (that security, be it remembered, of which the mass-man is born). Hence, above all, an army. ...
Is the paradoxical, tragic process of Statism now realised? Society, that it may live better, creates the State as an instrument. Then the State gets the upper hand and society has to begin to live for the State. But for all that the State is still composed of the members of that society. ... This is what State intervention leads to: the people are converted into fuel to feed the mere machine which is the State. The skeleton eats up the flesh around it. The scaffolding becomes the owner and tenant of the house. When this is realised, it rather confounds one to hear Mussolini heralding as an astounding discovery just made in Italy, the formula: "All for the State; nothing outside the State; nothing against the State." This alone would suffice to reveal in Fascism a typical movement of mass-men. Mussolini found a State admirably built up- not by him, but precisely by the ideas and the forces he is combating: by liberal democracy. ...
Statism is the higher form taken by violence and direct action when these are set up as standards. Through and by means of the State, the anonymous machine, the masses act for themselves. The nations of Europe have before them a period of great difficulties in their internal life, supremely arduous problems of law, economics, and public order. Can we help feeling that under the rule of the masses the State will endeavour to crush the independence of the individual and the group, and thus definitely spoil the harvest of the future?
A concrete example of this mechanism is found in one of the most alarming phenomena of the last thirty years: the enormous increase in the police force of all countries. The increase of population has inevitably rendered it necessary. However accustomed we may be to it, the terrible paradox should not escape our minds that the population of a great modern city, in order to move about peaceably and attend to its business, necessarily requires a police force to regulate the circulation. But it is foolishness for the party of "law and order" to imagine that these "forces of public authority" created to preserve order are always going to be content to preserve the order that that party desires. Inevitably they will end by themselves defining and deciding on the order they are going to impose- which, naturally, will be that which suits them best.
It might be well to take advantage of our touching on this matter to observe the different reaction to a public need manifested by different types of society. When, about 1800, the new industry began to create a type of man- the industrial worker- more criminally inclined than traditional types, France hastened to create a numerous police force. Towards 1810 there occurs in England, for the same reasons, an increase in criminality, and the English suddenly realise that they have no police. The Conservatives are in power. What will they do? Will they establish a police force? Nothing of the kind. They prefer to put up with crime, as well as they can. "People are content to let disorder alone, considering it the price they pay for liberty." "In Paris," writes John William Ward, "they have an admirable police force, but they pay dear for its advantages. I prefer to see, every three or four years, half a dozen people getting their throats cut in the Ratcliffe Road, than to have to submit to domiciliary visits, to spying, and to all the machinations of Fouche." Here we have two opposite ideas of the State. The Englishman demands that the State should have limits set to it.
19 September 2012
Learning Bayesian Probability Theory
Alex asked me about some introductory references on Bayesian probability theory. Here's my list (to be read in this order):
1) a historic intro:
Jaynes, 1986, "Bayesian Methods: General Background"
2) intro to Bayesian probability (and the connection to Boolean logic):
first two chapters in the book: Jaynes, 2003, Probability Theory: The Logic of Science
[the free alternative: chapters 3-6 from this Probability Theory With Applications in Science and Engineering (1973)]
3) intro on maximum entropy:
Jaynes, 1982, "On the Rationale of Maximum-Entropy Methods"
Gull, 1988, "Bayesian Inductive Inference and Maximum Entropy"
4) a general overview of the entire theory (including maximum entropy):
Jaynes, 1988, "How Does the Brain Do Plausible Reasoning?"
5) model selection and parameter estimation:
Bretthorst, 1996, "An introduction to model selection using probability theory as logic"
Bretthorst, 1989, "An Introduction to Parameter Estimation"
[the respective chapters in Jaynes' 2003 book]
[the advanced and more philosophical by the end: Jaynes, 1985, "Entropy and Search-Theory"]
6) on the connection between Bayes formula and Maximum entropy:
Caticha, 2003, "Relative Entropy and Inductive Inference"
[Caticha & Giffin, 2006, "Updating Probabilities"]
7) Bayesian theory of surprise:
Itti & Baldi, 2005-2006
8) Bayesian networks:
Jensen & Nielsen, 2007, Bayesian Networks and Decision Graphs
05 August 2012
A taxonomy of uncertainty, "WARNING: Physics Envy May Be Hazardous To Your Wealth!"
From a paper by Andrew W. Lo and Mark T. Mueller, "WARNING: Physics Envy May Be Hazardous To Your Wealth!":
Level 1: Complete Certainty
Level 2: Risk without Uncertainty
randomness governed by a known probability distribution for a completely known set of outcomes
Level 3: Fully Reducible Uncertainty
risk with a degree of uncertainty, an uncertainty due to unknown probabilities for a fully enumerated set of outcomes that we presume are still completely known
Level 4: Partially Reducible Uncertainty
situations in which there is a limit to what we can deduce about the underlying phenomena generating the data. Examples include data-generating processes that exhibit: (1) stochastic or time-varying parameters that vary too frequently to be estimated accurately; (2) nonlinearities too complex to be captured by existing models, techniques, and datasets; (3) non-stationarities and non-ergodicities that render useless the Law of Large Numbers, Central Limit Theorem, and other methods of statistical inference and approximation; and (4) the dependence on relevant but unknown and unknowable conditioning information. ...
Under partially reducible uncertainty, we are in a casino that may or may not be honest, and the rules tend to change from time to time without notice. In this situation, classical statistics may not be as useful as a Bayesian perspective, in which probabilities are no longer tied to relative frequencies of repeated trials, but now represent degrees of belief. Using Bayesian methods, we have a framework and lexicon with which partial knowledge, prior information, and learning can be represented more formally. ...
At this level of uncertainty, modeling philosophies and objectives in economics and finance begin to deviate significantly from those of the physical sciences. Physicists believe in the existence of fundamental laws, either implicitly or explicitly, and this belief is often accompanied by a reductionist philosophy that seeks the fewest and simplest building blocks from which a single theory can be built. Even in physics, this is an over-simplification, as one era's "fundamental laws" eventually reach the boundaries of their domains of validity, only to be supplanted and encompassed by the next era's "fundamental laws". ...
It is difficult to argue that economists should have the same faith in a fundamental and reductionist program for a description of financial markets (although such faith does persist in some, a manifestation of physics envy). Markets are tools developed by humans for accomplishing certain tasks—not immutable laws of Nature—and are therefore subject to all the vicissitudes and frailties of human behavior. While behavioral regularities do exist, and can be captured to some degree by quantitative methods, they do not exhibit the same level of certainty and predictability as physical laws. Accordingly, model-building in the social sciences should be much less informed by mathematical aesthetics, and much more by pragmatism in the face of partially reducible uncertainty. We must resign ourselves to models with stochastic parameters or multiple regimes that may not embody universal truth, but are merely useful, i.e., they summarize some coarse-grained features of highly complex datasets.
While physicists make such compromises routinely, they rarely need to venture down to Level 4, given the predictive power of the vast majority of their models. In this respect, economics may have more in common with biology than physics. As the great mathematician and physicist John von Neumann observed, "If people do not believe that mathematics is simple, it is only because they do not realize how complicated life is".
Level 5: Irreducible Uncertainty
Irreducible uncertainty is the polite term for a state of total ignorance; ignorance that cannot be remedied by collecting more data, using more sophisticated methods of statistical inference or more powerful computers, or thinking harder and smarter. Such uncertainty is beyond the reach of probabilistic reasoning, statistical inference, and any meaningful quantification. This type of uncertainty is the domain of philosophers and religious leaders, who focus on not only the unknown, but the unknowable.
Stated in such stark terms, irreducible uncertainty seems more likely to be the exception rather than the rule. After all, what kinds of phenomena are completely impervious to quantitative analysis, other than the deepest theological conundrums? The usefulness of this concept is precisely in its extremity. By defining a category of uncertainty that cannot be reduced to any quantifiable risk—essentially an admission of intellectual defeat—we force ourselves to stretch our imaginations to their absolute limits before relegating any phenomenon to this level.
Level ∞ : Zen Uncertainty
Attempts to understand uncertainty are mere illusions; there is only suffering.
(HT Steven Strogatz)
07 July 2012
This is an amazing book about people organizing to solve common problems
Institutions, incentives, and irrigation in Nepal by Paul Benjamin, Wai Fung Lam, Elinor Ostrom, and Ganesh Shivakoti:
There may be in excess of 100,000 distinct farmer-managed irrigation systems in Nepal, each with their own fascinating history of how farmers cooperated to develop a common resource that would benefit them all. … Farmers have identified sources of water and irrigable farmland, found the capital and companions to do the work, and constructed the systems. They and their descendants have governed and operated them. Farmers have often assumed considerable risk in irrigation investments, not just in the usual way we view risk in investment--where you could loose your shirt--but where you could also loose your life. Cutting canals along a steep slope from the source to the planned service area is not easy and lives have been lost. …
For centuries, Nepali farmers have developed their own knowledge and shaped and reshaped their mountainous and often perilous terrain. Leveling paddy fields on steep slopes, making bunds, constructing headworks, building irrigation canals and ditches, setting and adjusting field canals--all this does not just happen. Individuals conceptualize possibilities; they talk about their ideas; they decide what to do first and who should do what; they argue, have conflict, and settle disputes; they build and they rebuild; they cope with floods, landslides, and droughts; and in the process they create physical and social artifacts.
Social artifacts are as necessary for the construction of physical artifacts (the paddy fields, the headworks, the canals, etc.) as the sticks, stones, earth, and, more recently, cement and gabion wire they use. Social artifacts are the rules and principles they use to organize their going concerns. This social capital is productive capacity that is created by the application of these rules and principles among individuals who know how to make them work. … Anyone who has bothered to take their eyes off the gleaming Himalayas will be impressed with the incredible amount of work that has gone into the construction of so much on the hillsides of Nepal. The social artifacts that stand behind that construction, however, are not so easy to see. One may see farmers at work, but not the social capital that helps them coordinate what they do. One must search more deeply to reveal the underlying social structures so essential to the accomplishment of their tasks. These are, in turn, even more deeply embedded in the accumulated knowledge organized and transmitted through language and culture giving expression to the fundamental complexities with which the farmers work.
12 April 2012
Wittgenstein on the meaning of life
We feel that even if all possible scientific questions be answered, the problems of life have still not been touched at all. Of course there is then no question left, and just this is the answer. (Tractatus)
I think this is correct, although the way he put it sounds awfully mysterious. It simply means that "the problems of life" are solved by making choices rather than discoveries. The meaning of life is about how to change things, rather than merely about figuring out how things already are. The more controversial implication of what Wittgenstein is saying is that there can be no recipe for creativity.
26 March 2012
Dan Klein, Knowledge and Coordination
- Discovering (and seizing) a betterment opportunity
- Creating new products, methods and improvements
- Bearing uncertainty
- Owning capital
- Creating and/or owning a business enterprise, especially as owner-manager
- Organizing and leading cooperation by engaging in speech, rhetoric and persuation
- Beginning in the 1880s, coordination was used to describe the effective arrangement of factors and activities withing a firm. That array of factors and activities is, here, the referent concatenation.
- In the early twentieth century, coordination was extended beyond the firm, to describe the pleasing arrangement of activities within the entire economic system, like Smith's discussion of all that goes in the making of the woolen coat. Here, the referent concatenation would be a much wider skein of factors and activities, even the global economy.
- Beginning around 1960s, with Thomas Schelling and game models, coordination took on another meaning: mutual meshing of actions, one to another. In the ensuring decades, the mutual idea of coordination caught on and became focal.
- Nowadays, the idea of mutual coordination overshadows concatenate coordination. Also, the two are sometimes conflated.
Concatenate coordination (Smith, Hayek, Coase) -> spontaneous order
Mutual coordination (Schelling) -> emergent rules
|An arrangement or concatenation pleasing to beholder or spectator
|"Meshing" interaction within a situation of coincidence of interest
|In some cases, the concatenation and its coordination are only abstract or notional from the interactor's point of view ("invisible hand")
|Manifest from the interactor's point of view
|A broad topic that includes features often out of step with with the rubric of mutual coordination, features such as disjointed knowledge, asymmetric interpretation, discovery, innovation, entrepreneurship, competition, abstention, exit, shunning, and bargaining.
|Of a rubric that includes: focal points, coordination equilibrium, coordination games, convention.
|Static choice
|Max U.
|switchboard operator
|the entrepreneur (the verger)
|no discovery
|small discovery within one's interpretative framework
|discovery that alters one's interpretative framework
|<- idem
|more deliberate
|less deliberate


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text:
N.S. police recover property stolen from churches, arrest six
The Associated Press
Published Friday, December 21, 2012 7:00AM EST
STEWIACKE, N.S. -- Police have recovered stolen property following the robbery of two Nova Scotia churches.
Police say that three youths and three adults were arrested earlier this week in relation to robberies that occurred between Dec. 8 and 9 at the United Church in Mill Village and St. Andrew's Church in Stewiacke.
RCMP say computers, heirlooms, and audio and video equipment were stolen from both churches.
The six people were arrested on Dec. 18, and items worth over $5,000 have been recovered
All the accused have been released from custody and will appear in court at a later date.
Police say the recovery of more missing church property is expected.


text:
by Kurt Vonnegut
Slaughterhouse-Five Chapter 5, Section 8 Summary
- The Germans put the Americans into groups of five to march through the camp.
- They see more starving Russians behind barbed wire fences.
- They come to a shed where a man takes down their names.
- This gives them the legal status of "alive"—before, they were all M.I.A. and presumed dead.


text:
Come see Nature By The Yard at these public programs. Call the hosting organization for registration information and to make reservations.
Seeds to Sprouts, Spring Adventures Kids ages 2-4 years and their adult caregivers. Is your toddler a budding naturalist? Join me this spring for a series of outdoor adventures designed to introduce the children and their caregivers to the wonders of the natural world! Each session will include a guided exploration through the Arboretum and a craft to take home. Children must be walking and accompanied by an adult. Dress for the outdoors and for the weather. Class size limited to 15. Fee. Morris Arboretum <http://www.business-services.upenn.edu/arboretum/index.shtml> Sign up for one or both sessions. Each class is a new adventure!
Session I Mondays Mar. 21-Apr. 25 10:30am-11:30am.
Session II Mondays May 2-June13 10:30am-11:30am (skipping Memorial Day)
Session III Mondays July 11, 18, 25 and Aug. 1
Birds and Bagels Saturday March 26 8-11am. Adults. Join me as we explore the very beginning of spring bird migration. We will learn proper binocular use and how to identify birds using field marks, song and behavior. Bring binoculars if you have them. We will have a few pair to borrow. After a light breakfast and short power point, we will head out onto gorgeous trails and test our new found skills in the field. Reservations and information at Bowman's Hill Wildflower Preserve www.bhwp.org or 215.862.2924. Fee.
Nature Sleuths Sunday's April 10-May 1 2-3pm. Kids ages 5-7. Spring is a wonderful time for children to explore the great outdoors, develop their intellectual curiosity while having fun in nature. Join me for a close look at trees, birds, frogs, and other wildlife that call Morris Arboretum home. Each session will focus on a particular topic of the natural world, delving into how it fits into the Arboretum's web of life. One week we may get up close and personal with spring wildflowers, while another week we may learn about trees as the canopy closes and shades the forest floor, all within the safe confines of the Arboretum's trails. Then, back inside, we will create a take home art project related to our outdoor adventure. Fee. Morris Arboretum <http://www.business-services.upenn.edu/arboretum/index.shtml>
Evening Wildflower Walk Sunday April 24 6:30-8pm. Adults. Join me as we stroll through Bowman's Hill Wildflower Preserve at the height of spring ephemeral blooming. See the Preserve in a whole new light as we learn about spring wildflowers after hours. Reservations and information: 215.862.2924 or www.bhwp.org.


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Whisky-driven swamp blues with a film noir feel.
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text:
Definition of callused in English:
(also calloused)
(Of a part of the body) having an area of hardened skin: a callused palm
More example sentences
- He shook it formally, his calloused palms rough against her delicate skin but his grip surprisingly gentle.
- I was wearing a button up shirt pajama set so I could feel Colton's rough, callused palm directly on my skin.
- His rough, calloused fingers made her skin tingle.
For editors and proofreaders
Syllabification: cal·lused
Definition of callused in:
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= trending


text:
The body of a woman found dead in the North Canadian River Friday evening has been identified as police continue to investigate the case.
Shawnee Police Detective Charles Swantek on Monday identified the woman as Casie Johnson, 25.
At this point in the investigation, Swantek said Johnson's death is considered suspicious.
See the full story in Tuesday's edition.
Location, ST | website.com


text:
Barbara Mikulski on Principles & Values
Democratic Sr Senator (MD)
Their most important obligation, Mikulski reminds them, may find its completion on the Senate floor, but its foundation is laid and its scaffold erected from the practical organization of offices, phone lines, mail rooms, scheduling, staff--the minutiae of their operations. "Every one of us came here with a passion for the issues," she says. "We all have good intentions, but we have to operationalize our good intentions."
King looked incredulous, "For campaigning against her?"
"Yes," Mikulski replied, "because this is a great woman. I think we all learned a lesson, which is that we are not going to campaign against each other. We are going to duke it out in the Senate. We have different issues, different parties. But I think we all feel that every one of us has made a difference, and we want to support that. When we have been together, we have brought about change. And we are proud of each other."
"In the past month, many Senators have asked me about my judicial philosophy. It is simple: fidelity to the law. The task of a judge is not to make the law--it is to apply the law. And it is clear, I believe, that my record in two courts reflects my rigorous commitment to interpreting the Constitution according to its terms; interpreting statutes according to their terms and Congress's intent; and hewing faithfully to precedents established by the Supreme Court and my Circuit Court. In each case I have heard, I have applied the law to the facts at hand."
The Adherents.com website is an independent project and is not supported by or affiliated with any organization (academic, religious, or otherwise).
Such factors as religious service attendance, belief, practice, familiarity with doctrine, belief in certain creeds, etc., may be important to sociologists, religious leaders, and others. But these are measures of religiosity and are usually not used academically to define a person's membership in a particular religion. It is important to recognize there are various levels of adherence, or membership within religious traditions or religious bodies. There's no single definition, and sources of adherent statistics do not always make it clear what definition they are using.
OnTheIssues.org interprets the 2006 AU scores as follows:
Americans United for Separation of Church and State (AU) is a religious liberty watchdog group based in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1947, the organization educates Americans about the importance of church-state separation in safeguarding religious freedom. AU is a nonpartisan organization dedicated to preserving the constitutional principle of church-state separation as the only way to ensure religious freedom for all Americans.
Americans United is a national organization with members in all 50 states. We are headquartered in Washington, D.C., and led by the Rev. Barry W. Lynn, executive director. AU has more than 75,000 members from all over the country. They include people from all walks of life and from various faith communities, as well as those who profess no particular faith. We are funded by donations from our members and others who support church-state separation. We do not seek, nor would we accept, government funding.
Scoring system for 2014: Ranges from 0% (supports separation of church & state) to 100% (opposed to separation of church & state).
About the AU (from their website, www.au.org):Americans United for Separation of Church and State (AU) is a religious liberty watchdog group. Founded in 1947, the organization educates Americans about the importance of church-state separation in safeguarding religious freedom. AU is a nonpartisan organization dedicated to preserving the constitutional principle of church-state separation as the only way to ensure religious freedom for all Americans.
|Other candidates on Principles & Values:
|Barbara Mikulski on other issues:
MD Gubernatorial:
Larry Hogan
Martin O`Malley
Robert Ehrlich
MD Senatorial:
Benjamin Cardin
MD politicians
MD Archives
Retiring in 2014 election:
Retired as of Jan. 2013:
Senate races Nov. 2016:
AK: Murkowski(R) vs.Begich(D)
AL: Shelby(R) vs.Crumpton(D)
AR: Boozman(R) vs.Eldridge(D) vs.
AZ: McCain(R) vs.Ward(R) vs.Kirkpatrick(D) vs.Mealer(I)
CA: Sanchez(D) vs.Harris(D) vs.Chavez(R) vs.Del Beccaro(R) vs.Sundheim(R)
CO: Bennet(D) vs.Glenn(R) vs.Neville(R)
CT: Blumenthal(D) vs.Wolf(R) vs.
FL: Jolly(R) vs.DeSantis(R) vs.Cantera(R) vs.Murphy(D) vs.Grayson(D) vs.Keith(D)
GA: Isakson(R) vs.
HI: Schatz(D) vs.Hanabusa(D)
IA: Grassley(R) vs.Fiegen(D) vs.Hogg(D) vs.Krause(D) vs.Culver(D)
ID: Crapo(R) vs.LaRocco(D) vs.Minnick(D)
IL: Kirk(R) vs.Harris(D) vs.Zopp(D) vs.Duckworth(D)
IN: Stutzman(R) vs.Hill(D) vs.Holcomb(R) vs.Bosma(R) vs.Young(R)
KY: Paul(R) vs.Conway(D) vs.Chandler(D)
LA: Fleming(R) vs.Boustany(R) vs.Maness(R) vs.Kennedy(D) vs.Cao(D) vs.McAllister(R)
MD: Edwards(D) vs.Van Hollen(D) vs.Szeliga(R) vs.Douglas(R) vs.Steele(R)
MO: Blunt(R) vs.Kander(D)
NC: Burr(R) vs.Rey(D) vs.Ross(D) vs.Wright(R) vs.
ND: Hoeven(R)
NH: Ayotte(R) vs.Shea-Porter(D)
NV: Cortez-Masto(D) vs.Heck(R) vs.Angle(R) vs.
NY: Schumer(D) vs.King(R) vs.Gibson(R)
OH: Portman(R) vs.Strickland(D) vs.Sittenfeld(D)
OK: Lankford(R) vs.Johnson(D)
OR: Wyden(D) vs.Callahan(R)
PA: Toomey(R) vs.Stern(R) vs.Sestak(D) vs.McGinty(D) vs.Fetterman(D)
SC: Scott(R) vs.Dickerson(D)
SD: Thune(R) vs.Herseth-Sandlin(D)
UT: Lee(R) vs.Swinton(D)
VT: Leahy(D)
WA: Murray(D) vs.Vance(R)
WI: Johnson(R) vs.Feingold(D) vs.Lorge(R)
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text:
As opening act, Meek Mill hit the stage good and early at 7 PM on the dot to a sunny, half empty venue. But he didn't half-ass his performance. The Maybach Music Group star's energy remained at 100, which means those arriving to Jones Beach could feel his intensity and hear his yelped welcomes during "House Party" for the parking lot. Milly's was a solid, brief performance. But he'd return later during Drake's set to perform his bigger records to a bigger audience.
Review: Drake Dodges Controvesy and Brings Out a Gang of Friends at New York Club Paradise Show
Meek Mill
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text:
Tampa, Fla. (AP) -- Increasingly, police are being called to schools to investigate everything from cyber-bullying and schoolyard fights to brutal hazing rituals.
Proactive parents aren't afraid to confront school officials or take the matter to court, and schools are training students and teachers alike to spot and report bullying.
Cincinnati Attorney Joe Braun says there are more lawsuits because the bullying is starting to become more physical, more sexual.
Braun sued on behalf of the family of a high school basketball player attacked by three teammates while they waited to go to practice in Milford (Ohio).
According to the lawsuit, one of the teens exposed himself and rubbed his genitals on the boy's face.
(Copyright 2009 by the Associated Press. All rights reserved.)


text:
South Africa's Independent Electoral Commission has warned of the danger of political violence ahead of general elections due next year, following a split in the governing African National Congress (ANC).
Topics: world-politics, south-africa
Posted| Updated
Mourning half-back Johnathan Thurston plans to play in Australia's opening World Cup match against New Zealand tonight.
Topics: rugby-league, crime, assault, murder-and-manslaughter, sport, nrl, sydney-2000, australia, nsw, qld, brisbane-4000, townsville-4810, woodridge-4114
Posted| Updated
US police are searching for the missing young nephew of Oscar-winning actress and singer Jennifer Hudson, a day after her mother and brother were gunned down at their Chicago home, authorities said.
Topics: arts-and-entertainment, actor, film-movies, law-crime-and-justice, crime, murder-and-manslaughter, united-states
David Beckham says he is very honoured to be on the verge of a loan move to AC Milan and is especially excited about playing alongside defender Paolo Maldini.
Topics: italy-soccer, sport, soccer, italy, united-kingdom, england, united-states
The New South Wales Government says an emergency training exercise taking place on the F3 freeway north of Sydney this morning will help to keep traffic moving in the event of a major incident.
Topics: emergency-incidents, wahroonga-2076, nsw, sydney-2000
Posted| Updated
Stephanie Rice has been named in a list of the top 100 Australian Olympians of all time.
Topics: olympics-summer, sport, swimming, brisbane-4000, australia, qld
Posted| Updated
Territorians will have to wait a week until the results of yesterday's council elections are known.
Topics: elections, government-and-politics, states-and-territories, nt
The Colombian Army chief has sacked three colonels over their alleged involvement in extrajudicial killings.
Topics: world-politics, law-crime-and-justice, crime, murder-and-manslaughter, colombia
Posted| Updated
A Firepower liquidator says the company's former chief believes more than $30m thought to be held in offshore accounts can't be located.
Topics: company-news, business-economics-and-finance, wa, australia
Posted| Updated
Alaska Governor Sarah Palin said she welcomed a chance to testify under oath in a second investigation into whether she abused her office, in a case that has dogged the Republican vice-presidential nominee.
Topics: law-crime-and-justice, 2008, us-elections, world-politics, united-states
Posted| Updated
A private investor has paid $9,000 for a fabric quilt picturing a picture of the late Steve Irwin.
Topics: human-interest, brisbane-4000, qld
Australian Casey Stoner has taken pole position on his Ducati for the season-ending Valencia MotoGP, shading local favourite Dani Pedrosa by 0.053 of a second.
Topics: gp1, sport, motor-sports, spain, australia
Posted| Updated
Hull City's fairytale start to life in the English Premier League has continued with a 3-0 win over West Brom lifting it level on points with leaders Chelsea and Liverpool.
Topics: english-premier, sport, soccer, england, united-kingdom
A group of French academics is holding a conference on the site of the 15th century Battle of Agincourt in northern France to challenge the long-held English view that it was one of England's finest victories against the odds.
Topics: history, historians, france
Posted| Updated
Barack Obama returns to campaign trail with stinging attack on John McCain's links to George W Bush
Topics: 2008, us-elections, world-politics, united-states
Posted| Updated
Tasmanian Premier David Bartlett calls for calm amid allegations of violence in the state's forests.
Topics: activism-and-lobbying, alp, police, maydena-7140
Posted| Updated
Penalties for sex crimes will be increased in New South Wales in the wake of a new report.
Topics: prisons-and-punishment, law-crime-and-justice, crime, sexual-offences, nsw, australia
Thirteen ritual murders have been recorded in the west African country of Gabon since September, activists said overnight, accusing authorities of not doing enough to stop the killings.
Topics: rites-and-ritual, religion-and-beliefs, crime, murder-and-manslaughter, gabon
Posted| Updated
A Briton, a South African and an Afghan have been killed in a shooting at the Kabul office of an international courier firm.
Topics: unrest-conflict-and-war, afghanistan
Posted| Updated
Asian and European leaders end Beijing summit with call for thorough reforms in global financial system.
Topics: international-financial-crisis, business-economics-and-finance, economic-trends, china, asia, european-union
A 21 year old man has died after a trail bike accident in Tasmania's Central Highlands.
The US Air Force says it will create a separate command for nuclear missiles and bombers after blunders undermined confidence in its nuclear mission and led to the dismissal of top officials.
Topics: air-force, defence-and-national-security, defence-forces, united-states
Tens of thousands of pro-independence Taiwanese have demonstrated against China, accusing President Ma Ying-jeou of failing to stand up to Beijing.
Topics: world-politics, taiwan, china
Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas has deployed more than 500 security officers in the city of Hebron, in an operation aimed at expanding his control over the occupied West Bank.
Topics: world-politics, unrest-conflict-and-war, palestinian-territory-occupied
A town mayor and a Georgian villager have been killed when an explosive device was set off near Georgia's rebel region of Abkhazia, the interior ministry said.
Topics: unrest-conflict-and-war, georgia


text:
We manipulated the brightcove_shortcode.php file to add the following: <param name="htmlFallback" value="true" />
The purpose of this parameter is for Brightcove to use the html5 player when the device is iOS. This gets around the Flash issue with iOS.
However, adding this doesn't appear to work with your plugin when it will on other sites which just use the embed code from Brightcove as opposed to through the plugin.
Is there something we are missing for it not to work?
Good plugin by the way!


text:
Counterpart Technologies Inc. is a global provider of enterprise resource and technology management solutions. Our goal is to increase the value, contribution aMore
$1 mil. - $5 mil.in Revenue
10 - 20EmployeesContact people at this company
Suite 215 255 1St Street WNorth VancouverBritish ColumbiaV7M 3G8Canadaview map
(604) 986-3996(604) 986-3990Fax
Enterprise_Iteration-NT.1579[02] SEIDXWK-36


text:
- Report: #991863
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Cherry Creek Modern Denistry
Cherry Creek Modern Denistry1100 S Colorado Blvd Glendale, CO 80246 Denver, Colorado United States of America
Cherry Creek Modern Denistry Ms. Ashleigh Harrison DDS, MDS DANGER DOCTOR ASHLEIGH HARRISON IS A FRAUD Denver, Colorado
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I have to say I am terrified of Dentists. But Dr. Harrison is the worst of all Dentists. They get you with their $39 dollar special and then try to up sell everything they can. But they picked the wrong guy to do this to.
I paid over $2,000 for a front tooth that looks very bad and they will not fix it. I called. No answering machine how convenient. My attorney sent letters wanting refund and no way are they going in to my mouth.
I'm so embarrassed of my smile...Dr. Harrison tried to tell me I need veneers on all my teeth. WTF!!! My teeth are not bad in fact that was the only bad tooth. And it was bad because of a car accident and I had an anterior fracture and my jaw was wired shut for three and a half weeks and my front tooth dad to be replaced by a Dentist in Florida.
Whom attached a temporary and told me it was a crown. Only to move to Denver a few years later and that's how I found Cherry Creek Modern dentistry. hey know of my experience they did not care they knew I was fooled once and I could be fooled again.
You know they pick and choose their victims...you can't mess everyone teeth up you would not stay in business. So the ones who had a good experience this is why. The ones that are victims of Mrs. Harrison know you know why!!!
I'm going to file a rip off report and this is what my attorney told me to do as well:
"The only legal option is to file suit in small claims court. However, you can pursue non-legal resources such as lodge a complaint with dental board/association, BBB, give them bad reviews, etc."
So Beware of this Place there are many other Dentist I'm sure in Denver that have good reviews. Stay away from the $39 dollar special should have been my first clue with this place!!!!
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 01/05/2013 01:45 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Cherry-Creek-Modern-Denistry/Denver-Colorado-80246/Cherry-Creek-Modern-Denistry-Ms-Ashleigh-Harrison-DDS-MDS-DANGER-DOCTOR-ASHLEIGH-HARRISO-991863. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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text:
I've added the following to a page on my site:
[commits repository='html5press' count='5' title='HTML5Press']
[commits repository='MoneyCollector' count='5' title='MoneyCollector']
[commits repository='Unwakeable' count='5' title='Unwakeable']
[commits repository='organic-farm' count='5' title='Organic Farm']
[commits repository='thumbnail-viewer' count='5' title='Thumbnail Viewer']
[commits repository='geocache-coder' count='5' title='Geocache Coder']
[commits repository='colorrating' count='5' title='Colorrating 2']
Then when I go to view that site, nothing is there. Do I have to wait an hour for the first update?
Here's the page with the shortcodes above included:


text: If you are a Canadian poet with a manuscript that is ready to be seen, submit to the Robert Kroetsch Award for the chance to have it published next fall by Snare Books! For full details, see our Kroetsch Award page here on the website. The deadline is JANUARY 31, 2011, so hurry up and … Continue reading


text:
- Report: #999360
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Haven Behavioral Senior Care
Haven Behavioral Senior Care8451 Pearl Street, Thornton CO Internet United States of America
Haven Behavioral Senior Care Hurtful, degrading, damaging to one's career! Internet
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This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 01/18/2013 03:30 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Haven-Behavioral-Senior-Care/internet/Haven-Behavioral-Senior-Care-Hurtful-degrading-damaging-to-ones-career-Internet-999360. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
Ripoff Report has an exclusive license to this report. It may not be copied without the written permission of Ripoff Report.
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Advertisers above have met our
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text:
Courtyard by Marriott Ogden, Ogden
- Free WiFi and free parking
Main amenities
- 193 smoke-free guestrooms
- Restaurant and bar/lounge
- Indoor pool
- Breakfast available
- Ski storage
- 24-hour fitness center
- 24-hour business center
- 24-hour front desk
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Computer station
- Lobby fireplace
What's around
- Heart of Ogden
- The Junction (0.2 mi / 0.4 km)
- Peery's Egyptian Theater (0.3 mi / 0.5 km)
- Ogden Utah Temple (0.4 mi / 0.7 km)
- Ogden Municipal Building (0.4 mi / 0.7 km)
- Ogden Nature Center (3 mi / 4.8 km)
For families
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Rollaway/extra beds (free)
- Microwave
- Refrigerator
- Premium TV channels
- Free toiletries
Courtyard by Marriott Ogden, Ogden
Hotel Info: 020 3027 9803from £94
- Standard Room, 1 King Bed with Sofabed
- Two Double Beds, Non-Smoking
- Deluxe Room, 2 Double Beds
- Suite, 1 Bedroom
- Deluxe Room
- Standard Room, 2 Double Beds, Concierge Service
- Deluxe Room
- Room
- Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Accessible
- Non-Smoking
- Standard Room, 2 Queen Beds
- Concierge Level
- Standard Room, 1 King Bed, Accessible
- Standard Room, 1 King Bed, Concierge Service
- Executive King
- Executive Room, 1 King Bed, Concierge Service
- Concierge Executive King
- Deluxe Double Room, 2 Double Beds
- Executive Room, 1 King Bed
- Deluxe Room, 1 King Bed
Also popular with travellers from the UK
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 193 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 8 floors
- Check-in time starts at 3 PM
- Check-out time is noon
- Express check-out
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed (service dogs only)
- Free WiFi and wired Internet access in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
- Free nearby parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby Three Star Ogden hotels
In the hotel
- Continental breakfast (surcharge)
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Snack bar/deli
- Indoor pool
- Ski storage
- 24-hour fitness facilities
- Spa tub
- Golfing nearby
- Downhill skiing nearby
- 24-hour business center
- Number of meeting rooms - 12
- Conference space
- Meeting rooms 3
- Conference space size (feet) - 14107
- Conference space size (meters) - 1311
- Computer station
- 24-hour front desk
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Elevator/lift
- ATM/banking
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Picnic area
- Fireplace in lobby
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Iron/ironing board
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Flat-screen TV
- Pay movies
- Premium TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Free local calls
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Daily housekeeping
Top Ogden hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Ogden
Nearby hotels
Special features
DiningThe Bistro - This restaurant serves breakfast and dinner.
Courtyard by Marriott Ogden, Ogden's small print
Also known as
- Courtyard Marriott Ogden Hotel
- Courtyard Marriott Ogden
- Summit Ogden
- Courtyard Marriott Ogden Hotel
- Courtyard Marriott Ogden
Optional extras
Continental breakfast is offered for an extra charge of USD 7.50 per person (approximately)
Pets are allowed for an extra charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.1 /5 from 157 reviews
My family and I had a great stay at this hotel. The room was nice and tidy (over looking the mountains!!!)The food at the bistro was delicious and customer service was outstanding.(Chris:waitress at the bistro was super friendly and made our family feel right at home.)
great hotel no issues during stay
The Courtyard by Marriott is a very nice hotel in the downtown area of Ogden. It's just a block from the 25th St. Historic District, a couple of blocks from the Union Station Railroad Museum, and just across the street from Lindquist Field, home of the Ogden Raptors baseball team. The rooms are well outfitted with all the necessary items tastefully arranged. My room featured a fridge and microwave, a coffee maker and a well appointed bathroom. The only complaint I have concerns the Bistro. The brochure in the room indicated that it was open until 11pm on weekend nights and invites one to stop by for a cocktail or glass of wine. But when I returned from the baseball game at 10:25pm on Saturday, it was already closed. In addition, the bartender told me that I wouldn't have been able to order a beer without buying food--that was definitely not stated in the brochure. When I complained, they offered to give ma free breakfast the next morning, which sort of made up for the inconvenience.
Very nice hotel. Recommended. Fitness center was large and excellent, and the pool looked great, too. Decor was nice, but a bit modern and cold. No problems here. Book without worry.
We were on heading to a business convention and took an extra day to relax and unwind and this was the place to do it.
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Definition of Raoult's law in English:
Raoult's law
Entry from British & World English dictionary
1A law stating that the freezing and boiling points of an ideal solution are respectively depressed and elevated relative to that of the pure solvent by an amount proportional to the mole fraction of solute.
Example sentences
- Dilute solutions generally conform to Raoult's law with reasonable accuracy, but as their concentrations increase they deviate further and further from it.
Late 19th century: named after François-Marie Raoult (1830–1901), French chemist.
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