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Children have special healthcare needs, and hearing healthcare for children is a specialty in and of itself. The House Clinic works with the House Children's Hearing Center of UCLA to provide children with specialized care including audiologic, speech and language, psychologic and educational services.
The external and middle ear conduct and transform sound; the inner ear receives it. When there is some difficulty in the external or middle ear, a conductive hearing impairment occurs. When the trouble lies in the inner ear, a sensorineural or nerve hearing impairment is the result. Difficulty in both the middle and inner ear results in a mixed impairment.
For more detail about hearing impairment, please visit our section on Hearing Loss.
Signs of hearing problems in infancy generally include failure to blink or startle at loud noises, failure to turn the head toward familiar sounds, greater responsiveness to loud noises than to voices, a failure to babble, coo, or squeal, the consistent ability to sleep through loud noises, and monotonal babbling.
For toddlers signs that may indicate hearing loss include failure to speak clearly by age two, showing no interest in being read to or in playing word games, habitual yelling or shrieking when communicating or playing, greater responsiveness to facial expressions than to speech, shyness or withdrawal (often misinterpreted as inattentiveness, dreaminess, and/or stubbornness), and frequent confusion and puzzlement.
Older Children
In older children, signs of hearing loss are similar to those for adults: inappropriate responses to questions or other sound stimuli, a failure to respond to verbal requests, and a seeming inattentiveness.
Viral Diseases
German measles contracted by a mother during the first three months of pregnancy may interfere with inner ear development in the fetus. Occasionally other virus disease are at fault. The viruses of measles and mumps may cause a sensorineural impairment after birth but this happens infrequently.
Problems at Birth
Jaundice occurring at or shortly after birth is capable of damaging the inner ear. This is most often due to RH incompatibility between the mother's and the child's blood. Fortunately, this is uncommon.
Hereditary Impairment
Approximately 50% of childhood hearing loss has a hereditary basis. Hereditary hearing impairment may be present at birth, or may develop later in life. Even though there may be no hearing impairment in the parents, careful questioning may reveal some more distant relative with a similar problem.
Meningitis occasionally results in sensorineural hearing loss, which may be mild to profound.
Ear Infections
Ear infections rarely lead to sensorineural hearing loss.
A complete otologic examination by a competent ear specialist is necessary to determine what type of hearing impairment is present, its possible causes, and its treatment. At times it may be necessary to obtain x-rays, balance tests or laboratory tests to make this decision.
Audiologic evaluations are adapted to the age of the child. A child is never too young for a hearing evaluation.
Degree and type of hearing loss are critical in a child's speech development. But speech development can be influenced by age at diagnosis, treatment, adequacy of amplification, and help from parents and teachers.
Mild Hearing Loss
A child with mild hearing loss usually has normal speech, but will have trouble in the school setting because it will be difficult to hear speech from more than twelve feet away or when there is background noise. This is because much of the meaning in English is contained in the voiceless consonants which are high-pitched and soft. They are s, sh, t, p, k, ch, and th. A child with a mild loss in both ears will need some amplification in each ear to hear clearly at school, in groups, or at a distance.
Some children with a mild loss are not suspected of poor hearing until they reach first grade. They are often thought to be "slow", because they cannot understand when the teacher speaks from a distance and, therefore, respond erratically. When these children receive hearing aids, they usually find that school is easier.
Moderate Loss
Children with a moderate hearing loss can clearly hear speech only when the speaker is very close – less than two feet away. They need hearing aids to hear the softest sounds and to acquire understandable speech. If they receive hearing aids before four years of age, they usually progress rapidly in learning to talk. They can attend regular schools, but may need special help.
Severe Loss
Children with a severe hearing loss do not perceive speech, no matter how close they are to the speaker. They will not learn to talk intelligibly without hearing aids and special help.
Severely impaired children who receive hearing aids early have a far better chance of acquiring speech than children who remain unaided longer. This is not to say that a child with a severe loss who gets hearing aids at age three will never learn to speak, but it does mean the task will be harder. Many children who do not receive aids until after age six may never develop clear speech or the ability to easily understand spoken words.
All children with severe hearing losses require special help because they receive only a portion of the clues usually available in speech sounds. With hearing aids, they can detect vowel sounds, pitch, some consonants, and stress clues from speech. With their eyes, they can learn to detect about 25% of the consonant sounds. With lipreading and listening together, they may receive about half of the clues that normal-hearing people use to understand speech.
Profound Loss
Children with a profound hearing loss receive even less auditory information. The younger children are when fitted with hearing aids, the greater the likelihood they will eventually speak. Having suitable hearing aids at all times is a significant factor in determining whether the child will learn to speak. Children with a profound loss often depend greatly on their vision to perceive speech.
Fortunately, the child with a conductive hearing impairment will always be able to hear, either through ear surgery or by the use of properly fitted hearing aids.
There is no known medical or surgical treatment that will restore hearing in sensorineural hearing impairment. Treatment consists of rehabilitation through the use of hearing aids and special training.
Hearing Impairment in One Ear
A hearing impairment that is confined to one ear deprives a person of the ability to distinguish the direction of sound. He will also have difficulty hearing from the involved side in a noisy background. These are usually minor problems to a young child, however, the child should be carefully monitored. Sometimes speech and language delays may develop. Once the child is of school age, special considerations may be needed, i.e. preferential seating.
When this impairment is conductive, surgery may restore the hearing, giving a better auditory balance when the loss becomes a problem, usually in the teens. When the impairment is sensorineural, it is often possible to restore some of this balance through the use of a hearing aid.
Hearing Aid Evaluation
Evaluation of the hearing in a young child may require several visits with the audiologist. It is important to arrive at an accurate measurement of both the type and degree of impairment in order to select the proper aid. An aid that is too powerful for a young child may irritate his ears and cause him to reject it. On the other hand, if the aid is not strong enough, the child may receive little or no benefit from it an object to wearing it.
Auditory (Listening) Training
Hearing aids are not like glasses. A child who develops visual trouble frequently sees perfectly with glasses. When wearing hearing aids there is always some distortion of sound, particularly when the impairment is sensorineural (in the nerve).
Because sound is not perfectly clear with hearing aids, young children need to have special listening training to understand speech well. Auditory training programs proceed in gradual steps from very simple tasks, like being aware of sound when it begins, to the identification of different gross patterns of sound (i.e. long vs. short, fast vs. slow), to understanding (discriminating) some words either in isolation or in phrases. Training in speech-reading (lipreading) is often included in auditory training, especially for children with severe and profound hearing impairments.
Lipreading with listening can help a child to guess at words which are insufficiently clear through listening alone. Lipreading cannot, however, take the place of hearing, because only about 25% of the speech sounds are visible on the lips.
Most school systems have programs for helping parents teach their child to listen. If your child is of preschool age, this program would be in the home and is called a parent-infant training program. School age children may be in special classes for the hearing impaired or in regular classrooms with additional speech and tutorial help.


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Alison will be featured as Jamey Johnson's special guest during his upcoming performance at Willie Nelson's 4th of July Picnic. Tickets will be on sale Friday, May 20th at 10am CST. Get more information and tickets here.
In celebration of 5 years since the release of "Paper Airplane," you can enter to win a vinyl copy signed by Alison Krauss & Union Station! Powered by Typeform
Alison will be among many artists paying tribute to Willie Nelson as he receives the Gershwin Prize for Popular Song. The special will air on PBS on January 15th at 9 p.m. ET. Get more information here.
Alison Krauss is among the latest group of performers announced as part of the star-filled lineup of artists taking part in OUTLAW: CELEBRATING THE MUSIC OF WAYLON JENNINGS, a once-in-a-lifetime concert event taping honoring one of the most influential musicians of the Outlaw Country movement. The concert will take place July 6 at The Moody Theater (ACL Live) in Austin, TX. The concert event...
A special one-night-only concert in collaboration with the Grammy Museum, Lead Belly at 125: A Tribute to an American Songster, celebrates the man and the music featuring many of today's top artists performing Lead Belly classics. The musical evening features Robert Plant, Alison Krauss, and Buddy Miller with Viktor Krauss as headliners, with special appearances by Alvin Youngblood Hart,...
Click here for more information about this episode.
Alison Krauss & Union Station will perform at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival on Thursday, April 30th. Click here for more information on the festival. Click here for ticketing information.
Alison will be joining an all-star concert celebrating the life & songs of EmmyLou Harris. The concert will take place in Washington, DC at the DAR Constitution Hall on January 10th. For more information on the event, please visit http://songsofemmylou.com. Tickets can be purchased here.

subset: commoncrawl


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A cool and funky Arts Centre set just off the curry mile in Rusholme Manchester.
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Venue: Antwerp Mansion
Kent Road West
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- Monday 22nd Aug: Junior Simpson to appear at Antwerp Mansion, Manchester in November
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This place is just off the main curry mile in Rusholme, took me ages to find it. When we got there it was great a really arty vibe to it. Very friendly, no towny laddish types. It looks like it's derelict but it is great inside. Roland gent
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- IMS Health and Quintiles Announce Key Officers for Merged Company
- IMS Health Reports Second-Quarter 2016 Results and Raises Full-Year Guidance
- IMS Health to Announce Second-Quarter 2016 Results On July 27, 2016
- IMS Health Study: Low Levels of Adherence and Persistence Remain Barriers to Reducing the Costs of Diabetes Complications
- IMS Health Chooses Cloudera Enterprise to Support Big Data Factory for Life Sciences and Healthcare
- IMS Health and Reltio Form Alliance to Deploy Advanced Information Management Solutions for Life Sciences
- IMS Health Study: Global Market for Cancer Treatments Grows to $107 Billion in 2015, Fueled by Record Level of Innovation
- IMS Health Acquires Privacy Analytics, Advancing Real-World Evidence Technology to Drive R&D and Commercial Performance
- IMS Health Reports First-Quarter 2016 Results
- IMS Health and Quintiles to Merge; Quintiles IMS to Become Industry-Leading Information and Technology-Enabled Healthcare Service Provider
- IMS Health to Announce First-Quarter 2016 Results On May 4, 2016
- IMS Health Named a Leading Outsourcing Provider by International Association of Outsourcing Professionals
Information Management Needs Proper Governance
Data has become life sciences companies' biggest corporate asset. Therefore, clean, properly governed data can make (or conversely break) an organisation. Learn more about this important aspect of information management in the second article of a three-part series.
Why Multichannel is not an in/out Option
Pharmaceutical Market Europe (PME)
PME sites IMS Health's Gareth Dabbs, Principal, Technology and Services, in its examination of why European pharmaceutical companies have been slow to adopt multichannel strategies, and the imperative to embrace technology as they progress.
Multichannel: The Essential European Revolution
Pharmaceutical Market Europe (PME)
Sarah Rickwood, VP, European Thought Leadership for IMS Health, contributes her analysis of the use of multichannel and digital strategies by European pharmaceutical companies, versus other mature markets, and offers implementation success factors.
Information Management: Gaining Value from Data
In the first of three guest blogs from IMS Health on information management, Mike Allelunas, GM of Information Management, advises life sciences companies to rethink their master data management (MDM) strategies, and define long-term enterprise information management (EIM) strategies.
Transforming Technology: The Future of the CIO in the Life Sciences
Pharmaceutical Executive
Pharm Exec editor-in-chief, Bill Looney, recently moderated a CIO roundtable discussion on how technology is transforming the life sciences industry, as well as the role of C-level technology executives.
IMS Health and Reltio Tighten their Collaboration
Pharmaceutical Commerce
The alliance between IMS Health and Reltio will provide the life sciences industry with advanced big data technologies, high-performance analytics and healthcare information capabilities.
Transformational Technology: Big Data, The Cloud and the Value of Insights
Pharmaceutical Market Europe
The advent of the big data era has produced a big challenge for pharma and, with the continued growth and influence of mobile, wearable devices, machine learning and the internet-of-things, the size of the challenge won't be shrinking any time soon.
Pharma Needs Hybrid Sales and Marketing Rep
Pharma can achieve substantially improved commercial effectiveness by orchestrating a truly integrated effort between sales and marketing teams.
U.S. prescription drug spending to hit $400 billion a year by 2020: IMS
U.S. annual spending on prescription medicines will increase 22 percent over the next five years, climbing as high as $400 billion in 2020, according to a report released by health care information company IMS Health Holdings Inc on Thursday.
Prescription Drug Spending Hits Record $425 Billion in U.S.
Spending on prescription drugs in the U.S. rose 12 percent to a record $425 billion before discounts last year, boosted in part by the introduction of breakthrough medicines for cancer and the growing number of patients seeking treatment for hepatitis C.
U.S. Drug Spending Climbs
Wall Street Journal
Total spending on prescription drugs in the U.S. rose 12.2% to nearly $425 billion in 2015, continuing a steep climb fueled by the introduction in recent years of expensive new drugs for cancer and infections, as well as price hikes for older drugs, according to a new report.
- Information Management Needs Proper Governance
14 Sep 2016
14 Sep 2016


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Birkenstock Madrid Metallic Flat Sandal
Add To Bag
Please select your size, width, and color.
Select color, size, and width before proceeding to check in-store availability.
Some product may need to be shipped to a store
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Add to Wishlist
Item # 175852
The Birkenstock Madrid flat sandal is legendary and speaks for itself in comfort. These casual slide sandals feature a soft footbed and shock resistant EVA sole that is flexible and durable.
- PLEASE NOTE: The fit of the slide sandals are medium width, but listed as narrow by Birkenstock
- Metallic Birk-Flor™ upper
- Instep strap with adjustable buckle
- Original Birkenstock footbed features pronounced arch support, deep heel cup and a roomy toe box
- Fully lined in leather
- EVA sole is flexible, durable, lightweight and shock resistant
- Made in Germany
- View more Birkenstock
By: NattyMarie
Location: Michigan
July 14, 2015
Love these!
"Order a size down! Absolutely no cushion in this sandal and takes breaking in first week or so but definitely worth it."
By: Rachellovesshoes
Location: Baltimore
June 25, 2015
metallic berks
"love these just like I did back in the day. they still have molded areas for toes and heel. They still run wide and that's probably not good for my flat no-arch feet but they have enough arch support to not cause me pain. These are cute and in the fun metallic silver color I was looking for."
By: Queeniebates
Location: Sewickley, PA
May 30, 2015
I never thought...
"I would ever LOVE Birkenstocks. So very thankful they have added "sparkle" to these comfortable shoes!!!! I'm on my feet all day and need the support but also NEED the style! These have given me both."
By: Lmnads
Location: Coral Springs
May 11, 2015
Love my birkis
"Super cute and comfy out of the box! Feminine!"
Click anywhere to close this.


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Especially with the Open Graph module (which I've had to disable until I can find a way to fix this / a patch is released), this plugin spits out multiple "Notice: Undefined index" errors that make their way to the page's HTML.
With these errors not being caught before output, they are wreaking havoc on page layout. They are not staying in the
<head> area, but (as they are untagged text) are bumping down into the top of the
<body>, along with all following meta tags. This effectively negates all meta-related SEO.
The specific error I've come across last is: "Notice: Undefined index: twitter in /***wordpress/wp-content/plugins/seo-ultimate/modules/opengraph/opengraph.php on line 211".
This shows up twice; before twitter:card and before twitter:site meta tags, which are bumped into the
<body> by this error text.
Googling "undefined index"+"/wp-content/plugins/seo-ultimate/modules/" will show a fair few people with this problem, active, relating to a number of different code lines and modules.
Any ideas?


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No products
Landy Désir Cognac come in a feminine red dress decanter package, the bottle looks like a women with a red hat. In the US, this cognac is promoted, among other Landy cognacs, by US musician Snoop Dogg.
Warning: Last items in stock!
Availability date:
$101 Out Of Stock
Cognac Landy is part of the larger company Cognac Ferrand. This relatively new house, which was established in 1989, was a collaboration between Alexandre Gabriel and a traditional wine growing family in the Charente. Thus, Cognac Ferrand, and therefore Cognac Landy too, was created with the philosophy of bringing new life back into the industry and production of cognac. Because of this, Cognac Landy is produced in the age old fashion without utilizing mass production techniques.
I would love to have the Landy Desir Cognac. Do you know where I can buy one in St Louis, Mo? Thank you.
That bottle is down right sexy....nice
This bottle is a hit with every woman that sees it on my bar shelf. Bravo to Landy for this creative, artful bottle !!!!!!----oh, and the cognac is great too.


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Plant a tree in honour of your mum this Sunday at Arthur Byrne Reserve, Maroubra
- From: Southern Courier
- May 08, 2013
PLANTING a tree in honour of her mother will be even more symbolic for first-time mum Alecia Braven on Sunday.
Ms Braven was the Trees for Mum national organiser for three years and involved in the event since its inception in 2002, but this year she will focus on sharing the experience with her three month-old son Archie.
"I haven't had a grandparent or mum to take with me on the day so I'm really looking forward to taking Archie along and showing him what we do for all of these other families," she said.
Ms Braven said the event had been a nice distraction for her by turning a difficult time of year into a positive experience.
"I've enjoyed the event because mum would be so proud of me doing it but each year I still get quite emotional when I look along the row of trees," she said.
Randwick Council will provide 1500 native shrubs and grasses as well as gloves and trowels for the event and also manage the ongoing care of the site.
Randwick Mayor Tony Bowen said the event was a chance to remember those whose mothers had died and to create a living memorial.
- Trees for Mum will be held at the south-eastern corner of Arthur Byrne Reserve, Maroubra from 10am-12pm. Registration not required.
- Randwick Council provides the trees, gloves and trowels.
- treesformum.com


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- Report: #992291
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Hortco Publications
Hortco PublicationsP. O. Box 2011 Chicago, Illinois United States of America
Hortco Publications Ed Horton Direct Mail/Telemarketing Chicago , Illinois
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I sent an order to Hortco Publications for a money-earning package whose flyer wording was thus: "Over $250,000 every 30 days!" It listed a common month's income: Day 1...$24,817; Day 2...$25,220; Day 3...$37,029, etc., making the total for the month of $342,038. It said this amount of money was possible because the federal government had a "slush fund" that you could "tap into" if you knew how.
I received a package from Hortco. It was a listing of innumerable places where you could send to get a grant. I have had some experience with grants and I know that getting a grant is very hard to do. I reviewed the listing, found that many if not most of them give to nonprofits. Very few give to individuals, but I wrote down an address--the only one I could find--and sent it out. It
came back as "Return to Sender. Not deliverable as addressed." But before I sent it out, I realized that this product didn't meet the criteria Hortco listed in their flyer. So I sent it back, requesting a refund.
About 11/20/12:
I sent it back, explaining my confusion over whether or not that was the correct package for this flyer.
About 12/1/12:
I received from Hortco a note stating that in order to give me a refund they would have to first have the original cancelled check that I had sent to Hortco. I went to my bank to get the check but found that they did not have the original check; that was retained by Hortco. So I sent a copy of the check with the cashier's signature on it. I had her write on the check that Hortco had the original, I believe. (If this cancelled check is needed, I can again obtain a copy from my bank.)
To date, I have not heard from Hortco.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 01/06/2013 01:39 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Hortco-Publications/Chicago-Illinois-60690-2011/Hortco-Publications-Ed-Horton-Direct-MailTelemarketing-Chicago-Illinois-992291. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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text:
Floating Structures in Ice
Sveinung Løset (WPL)
Professor, NTNU
Leader of WP4
Jørgen Amdahl (WPDL)
Professor, NTNU
Deputy Leader WP4
SAMCoT's researchers within Floating Structures in Ice aim to reach a proper understanding of the difference between moored structures and fixed structures in ice with respect to ice failure mechanisms, or the loads and parameters that affect the dynamics of the coupled system. SAMCoT works to provide numerical models that properly predict the behaviour of moored structures in ice and properly address the effects of moored ice on such structure. Another key goal is to improve methods for assessment of the resistance to penetration of the inner hull of ships and floating platforms subjected to iceberg impacts, accounting for local ice pressure redistribution during major structural damage.
The final aim is provide SAMCoT Industry Partners with new knowledge, analytical and numerical models to improve the prediction of loads exerted by first-year and multi-year level ice and ridges as well as icebergs on floating structures. This also implies prediction of the behaviour and performance of the structures.


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Get an overview of this hotelHotel in Lodi with free breakfast and outdoor pool
Located in the heart of Lodi, this hotel is within 9 mi (15 km) of Kofu Park, Hill House Museum, and Salas Park Sports Complex. Lodi Lake Park and Wine Country Casino are also within 9 mi (15 km).
Hotel Features
Along with an outdoor pool, this smoke-free hotel has a business center and laundry facilities. Free continental breakfast, free WiFi in public areas, and free self parking are also provided. Other amenities include multilingual staff and a front-desk safe.
Room Amenities
All 51 rooms provide conveniences like refrigerators and microwaves, plus free WiFi and TVs with cable channels. Other amenities available to guests include free local calls, hair dryers, and ironing boards.Would you like to give us feedback? Share it! Opens in a new window
Microtel Inn & Suites by Wyndham Lodi/North Stockton6428 W Banner Rd Lodi CA 95242
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Public areas are equipped with complimentary high-speed wireless Internet access. This hotel offers access to a business center. Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast each morning. This Lodi hotel also offers an outdoor pool, multilingual staff, and laundry facilities. Onsite self parking is complimentary.
Microtel Inn & Suites by Wyndham Lodi/North Stockton is a smoke-free property.
- Business center
- Elevator/lift
- Free breakfast
- Free self parking
- Free WiFi
- Laundry facilities
- Multilingual staff
- Number of floors - 3
- Outdoor pool
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Smoke-free property
- Total number of rooms - 51
Family Friendly Amenities
- Free Wi-Fi
- Laundry facilities
- Microwave
- Outdoor pool
- Refrigerator
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking
Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Cable TV service
- Free local calls
- Free WiFi
- Hair dryer
- Iron/ironing board
- Microwave
- Premium TV channels
- Refrigerator
- Television
Where to Eat
Guests are offered a complimentary continental breakfast each morning.
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at midnight
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
- Pets allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Hotel Name
- Microtel Inn Wyndham Hotel Lodi North Stockton
- Microtel Inn Wyndham Lodi North Stockton
- Microtel Inn Wyndham Lodi/North Stockton Hotel Lodi
- Microtel Inn Wyndham Lodi/North Stockton Hotel
- Microtel Inn Wyndham Lodi/North Stockton Lodi
- Microtel Inn Wyndham Lodi/North Stockton
- Microtel Inn & Suites Lodi Hotel Lodi
- Microtel Inn And Suites Lodi
- Microtel Lodi
- Lodi Microtel


text:
With Instructables you can share what you make with the world, and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
Ever wanted to get that golden tan that you always wanted but just don't have the money to buy tanning oil.If so this Instructable is for you.
The recipe is quite simple. All you need are Some iodine Some refined olive oil
Mix the olive oil with a few drops of iodine(there are no spesific measurements needed so eyeballing it should work). Then when you are about to use it ...
Hair and Skin Remediesby Greenthorn
How To Tan A Hideby Koal
Oil Pulling : Simple Solution for Better ORAL HEALTHby homesteadcat
Honey - Grandma's Medicine by Monisha Dhanaraj
Pickin up the pieces by jveazey
Join 2 million + to receive instant DIY inspiration in your inbox.
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© 2016 Autodesk, Inc.


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If this is your business, see also our tips on dealing with negative feedback.
Never write reviews but I just had to say how wonderful this salon is. The staff were very informative and helpful and have excellent advice, not saying the most expensive treatment but advising me on a cheaper option because it was better for my hair.
The colouring in particular was fantastic, I never usually go back to the same place but I will definitely go back here.
The cut was good, I've had a similar style elsewhere but it was a really good cut.
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In This Issue: Desert Wetlands? No Mirage, It's the Cutting Edge of Aquaculture NIST Measurements May Give the Heave-Ho to Frost-Heaving Damage Charters of Freedom Encasement Project Moves Forward Tunnels Make Accurate Wind-Speed Measurements a Breeze Montana MEP Center Deals Toilet Manufacturer a Royal Flush of Success In the Rockies' Shadow, Boulder Labs Achieve Mountainous Results Tech Trivia
When you see the camera icon, click to see available picture !
[NIST Tech Beat Search] [Credits] [NIST Tech Beat Archives] [Media Contacts] [Subscription Information]
Technology Partnership
Desert Wetlands? No Mirage, It's the Cutting Edge of Aquaculture
The California desert around Palm Springs may not strike you as a likely spot for a thriving wetlands, but it's there nonetheless. The pond and bulrushes are the last stage of an innovative water-treatment system devised by Kent SeaTech (San Diego, Calif.) for its aquaculture (fish farm) facility.
Fish farms to raise striped bass have often been criticized for their heavy useand foulingof water. But Kent SeaTech wanted to change that. Working with partial support from the National Institute of Standards and Technology's Advanced Technology Program, the company developed a comprehensive waste-water treatment and recirculation system that reuses 80 percent of its water.
The system uses a combination of a fishthe tilapiathat thrives on the by-product solids of fish farming, to reduce the amount of solids in the water; a bacteria-based "reactor" to convert ammonia to nitrates; and the bulrush-laden artificial wetland, which converts the nitrates to nitrogen, controls pH and removes carbon.
Not only has the technology helped Kent SeaTech increase its production of striped bass to almost 4 million pounds a year, but the company now sells the (quite tasty) tilapia to Asian markets at nearly 100 percent profit.
Kent SeaTech is the first aquaculture operation in the western United States to use wetlands. Besides increasing fish production 40 percent, the company says its innovative design costs only a fifth as much as conventional sewage treatment and can be integrated with neighboring farms to provide lower cost water with moderate levels of useful plant nutrients.
Media Contact:
Michael Baum, (301) 975-2763
Fluid Dynamics
NIST Measurements May Give the Heave-Ho to Frost-Heaving Damage
In the far north, a pingo is nature's equivalent of cold weather blister. Pingos are hills where the Arctic landscape heaves upward because of the freezing of ground water as it seeps upward. While pingos are benign, the same forces that create them cause major headaches in another part of the wintry neighborhood.
Lifting and cracking of buildings and paved surfaces, such as airport runways, pose a special challenge for facilities in cold climates. To help combat the problem, researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology are studying the behavior of supercooled salt solutions as models of the cold ground water involved in frost-heaving.
NIST has developed the first precise measurements of the thermodynamic properties of supercooled salt solutions and has improved upon measurements for pure water. The goal: making engineering models more accurate.
Supercooled water is an unfrozen liquid at temperatures below zero. Damage to buildings and other infrastructure can occur when water rising from the soil underneath freezes. NIST's thermo-dynamic measurements of stable and supercooled water and salt solutions will enable engineers to gauge potential frost-heaving effects when designing structures to avoid damage.
Media Contact:
Pamela Houghtaling, (301) 975-5745
Charters of Freedom Encasement Project Moves Forward
In March 1999, the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the National Archives and Records Administration unveiled the manufacturing model of a planned state-of-the-art enclosure for the documents known the Charters of Freedomthe Declaration of Independence, the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. For NIST, the lead designer and manufacturer of the new case, it was a case of deja vu. Nearly 50 years before, NIST's predecessor, the National Bureau of Standards, had designed and built the current encasements.
In the 18 months since the unveiling, the effort to put the Charters in their lighter, stronger, leak-resistant and more-document-friendly cases by 2003 has passed a number of milestones. In February 2000, Archives staff sealed the first prototype case with the transmittal page of the U.S. Constitution safely inside, the first test of the technology involving one of the Charters documents.
Prototype two, an encasement with slight modifications from the original, rolled off the NIST production floor in July. In August, it received the second page of the Constitution. During the next three years, NIST will complete seven cases, two large and five small. One large model will house the Bill of Rights, while four of the small ones will hold the remaining artifacts. There will be one spare of each size.
For more information, go to the Charters of Freedom Encasement Project site on the World Wide Web at www.nist.gov/charters.
Media Contact:
Michael Newman, (301) 975-3025
Tunnels Make Accurate Wind-Speed Measurements a Breeze
When its wind speed reaches 119 kilometers (74 miles) per hour, a tropical storm becomes a hurricane. At 211 kilometers (131 miles) per hour, the hurricane's strength escalates from category 3 to a category 4. To people and property in the storm's path, these aren't just numbers; data like these can be the difference between survival and devastation. So, how can weather professionals ensure that the readings of their instruments are accurate?
Enter the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Responsible for maintaining standards for air-speed measurements in the United States, NIST utilizes both a high-speed and low-speed tunnel to accomplish the task. Both were built in the 1970s.
The high-speed tunnel contains two test areasone whose cross section measures 1.5 meters by 2.1 meters (4.9 feet by 6.9 feet) and the other 1.5 meters by 1.2 meters (4.9 feet by 3.9 feet). Its motor can generate wind speeds between 3 and 75 meters per second (7 to 168 miles per hour). The low-speed tunnel is 1 meter by 1 meter (3 feet by 3 feet) and has a wind-generation speed between 0.2 and 10 meters per second (0.4 to 22 miles per hour).
NIST is putting its expertise in wind-speed measurement to work for indoor environments as well. The low-speed wind tunnel is used to study, document and develop standards for air exchange rates in structures such as mines, clean rooms and office buildings.
Media Contact:
Pamela Houghtaling, (301) 975-5745
Small Business
Montana MEP Center Deals Toilet Manufacturer a Royal Flush of Success
After several years of working on a very specialized product, Bill Phillips' invention has made it to the outdoor retailer marketplace thanks to help from the Montana Manufacturing Extension Center, an affiliate of the NIST Manufacturing Extension Partnership. Phillips, an inventor and president of Phillips Environmental Products Inc., in Bozeman, Mont., had an idea for the PETTthe Portable Environmental Toiletand related accessories to help make storage and proper disposal of human waste easy and sanitary.
But to get his product to market, Phillips needed engineering and technical assistance. MMEC field engineers helped Phillips make the PETT lightweight, durable, hygienic and truly portable. The result is a device suitable not just for outdoor enthusiasts, says Phillips, but also for those involved in disaster services, utility companies, the military and other situations where access to sanitary facilities in the field is needed.
"MMEC was instrumental in expediting development by three to six months and saved us tens of thousands of dollars," said Mike Groff, vice-president of
For further information on MMEC and its assistance to Phillips, contact Deborah Nash, (406) 994-3812. Small manufacturers in all 50 states and Puerto Rico can reach their local NIST MEP affiliate by calling (800) MEP-4MFG (637-4634).
Media Contact:
Jan Kosko, (301) 975-2767
NIST Centennial
The National Institute of Standards and Technology's 100th year of service to America began on March 3, 2000, and will culminate with our centennial anniversary one year later. For each month during this period, NIST Tech Beat will recall a significant event that occurred in the past century.
In the Rockies' Shadow, Boulder Labs Achieve Mountainous Results
There's not much one can get for a dollar these days, but in 1950, it bought a 87-hectare (217-acre) site for the future National Bureau of Standards (predecessor to the National Institute of Standards and Technology) laboratories in Boulder, Colo. The Boulder Chamber of Commerce raised $90,000 to purchase the land and then sold it to the government for a buck.
On Sept. 6, 1950, Congress approved the Department of Commerce appropriation, including $4.3 million to begin construction on the western branch of NBS. (NBS headquarters were in Washington, D.C.) September was again important to the Boulder labs when on Sept. 14, 1954, President Dwight D. Eisenhower officially dedicated the NBS complex.
In the 46 years since that time, the now-NIST Boulder Laboratories have expanded into other areas of scientific endeavor including cryoelectronics, lasers, opto-electronics, and atomic and molecular physics. The labs currently house about 430 scientists, engineers, technicians and support personnel.
Perhaps the best-known resident of the Boulder Laboratories is the NIST F-1 cesium fountain atomic clock, the nation's official time and frequency standard.
The biggest scientific achievement out of Boulder? Most folks would probably say the 1995 first observation of the Bose-Einstein condensate, a fourth state of matter at ultracold temperatures.
Media Contact:
Michael E. Newman, (301) 975-3025
Tech Trivia
In September 1911, the Popular Science Monthly magazine showcased the National Bureau of Standards (now NIST) in a lengthy article. Among the noted achievements of the then-10-year-old agency: testing all of the cement made by the Atlas Cement Co. for the Panama Canal, some 6,000 barrels a day during peak production.
The magazine also described how NBS researchers were using a polariscope, a device that measured how much a substance in solution rotated polarized light from its normal plane, to determine the percentage of sugar in test solutions. Applied to the customs examination of imported sugars, the NBS system helped reduce test variance at five ports of entry and ensured that import fees were being calculated accurately.
A third NBS accomplishment recognized by the magazine was work in thermometry, the science of measuring temperatures. In the early 1900s, most American-made thermometers for very high temperatures varied by 30 to 40 percent. In addition, thermometers used by the physicians of the era were consistently unreliable. NBS researchers fixed temperature scales, which in turn, helped thermometer manufacturers produce more accurate instruments.
Editor: Michael E. Newman
HTML conversion: Crissy Robinson
Last update: September 15, 2000
NIST is an agency of the
U.S. Commerce Department's Technology Administration


text:
Opened 7 years ago
Closed 7 years ago
Last modified 5 years ago
#12608 closed (fixed)
Inconsistent results from values and values_list when using annotate
|Reported by:
|Owned by:
|Database layer (models, ORM)
|values_list annotate
|Triage Stage:
|Ready for checkin
|Has patch:
|Needs documentation:
|Needs tests:
|Patch needs improvement:
|Easy pickings:
To group users by email and get a count, one might do:
>>> User.objects.values('email').annotate(Count('email')) [{'email__count': 2, 'email': email@example.com'}]
However, values_list discards the annotated value:
>>> User.objects.values_list('email').annotate(Count('email')) [(firstname.lastname@example.com',)]
Attachments (2)
Change History (11)
comment:1 Changed 7 years ago by mattmcc
- Component changed from Uncategorized to Database layer (models, ORM)
- Keywords values_list annotate added
- Needs documentation unset
- Needs tests unset
- Patch needs improvement unset
comment:2 Changed 7 years ago by russellm
- Triage Stage changed from Unreviewed to Accepted
comment:3 Changed 7 years ago by coleifer
- Has patch set
I patched the ValuesList iterator to include aggregates in the fields if specified:
diff --git a/django/db/models/query.py b/django/db/models/query.py index 8cb3dbe..31b3333 100644 --- a/django/db/models/query.py +++ b/django/db/models/query.py @@ -954,7 +954,8 @@ class ValuesListQuerySet(ValuesQuerySet): # If a field list has been specified, use it. Otherwise, use the # full list of fields, including extras and aggregates. if self._fields: - fields = self._fields + fields = list(self._fields) + filter(lambda f: f not in self._fields, + aggregate_names) else: fields = names diff --git a/tests/modeltests/aggregation/models.py b/tests/modeltests/aggregation/models.py index 9ed638e..0e8d881 100644 --- a/tests/modeltests/aggregation/models.py +++ b/tests/modeltests/aggregation/models.py @@ -362,4 +362,7 @@ True >>> Book.objects.filter(pk=1).annotate(mean_age=Avg('authors__age')).values_list('mean_age', flat=True) [34.5] +>>> Book.objects.values_list('price').annotate(count=Count('price')).order_by('-count', 'price') +[(Decimal('29.69'), 2), (Decimal('23.09'), 1), (Decimal('30'), 1), (Decimal('75'), 1), (Decimal('82.8'), 1)] + """}
In [1]: from django.contrib.auth.models import User In [2]: from django.db.models import Count In [3]: User.objects.values_list('email').annotate(Count('email')) Out[3]: [(email@example.com', 2)] In [4]: User.objects.values('email').annotate(Count('email')) Out[4]: [{'email__count': 2, 'email': email@example.com'}] In [5]: User.objects.values_list('email') Out[5]: [(firstname.lastname@example.com',), (email@example.com',)]
Changed 7 years ago by coleifer
comment:4 Changed 7 years ago by coleifer
- Owner changed from nobody to coleifer
- Status changed from new to assigned
comment:5 Changed 7 years ago by Alex
- Triage Stage changed from Accepted to Ready for checkin
comment:6 Changed 7 years ago by jbronn
- Resolution set to fixed
- Status changed from assigned to closed
comment:7 Changed 7 years ago by coleifer
Updated doctest to work with postgresql. Tested & working now.
Changed 7 years ago by coleifer
comment:8 Changed 7 years ago by jbronn
comment:9 Changed 5 years ago by jacob
- milestone 1.2 deleted
Milestone 1.2 deleted
Note: See TracTickets for help on using tickets.


text:
- Report: #981613
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Mike
Mike7410 Beach St Internet United States of America
Mike DO NOT JOIN fort worth, Internet
Ripoff Report
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The facility is dirty and the equipment is old. The owner does not respond to emails or phone calls. I would highly recommend LA Fitness, Lifetime Fitness or 24 Hour Fitness. Yes, it may cost more but it will be worth it...remember you get what you pay for.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 12/13/2012 12:59 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Mike/internet/Mike-DO-NOT-JOIN-fort-worth-Internet-981613. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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text:
Vermont man charged in stabbingSeptember 10,2013CAMBRIDGE, Mass. A Vermont man is facing charges after allegedly stabbing a stranger at a Cambridge park.
Police said they found the 20-year-old victim suffering from multiple stab wounds in JFK Park just before 9 p.m. Sunday.
The man was conscious and alert and transported to a Boston hospital.
His name was not released.
Witnesses told police the suspect approached the victim and muttered something about being robbed in Oregon before stabbing the victim. His wounds are not considered life-threatening.
Based on witness descriptions, police arrested 25-year-old Nicolas Baker of Guilford, Vt.
Baker is facing charges of assault and battery with a dangerous weapon and malicious destruction of property.MORE IN This Just In
WEATHERSFIELD -- A 29-year-old man died Wednesday night after his motorcycle left... Full StoryThe family of Julia Lathrop will host an all-you-can-eat spaghetti dinner buffet at the Downtown... Full StoryTeen avoids deer, hits utility pole
PAWLET Vermont State Police said a teenager... Full Story
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text:
David Medvigy
- Geosciences
Grand Challenges Position: PEI/Grand Challenges Faculty
Title(s): Assistant Professor of Geosciences.
- Climate and Energy Challenge
Office: 212 Forrestal Campus Sayre Hall
Phone: 609-258-2906
E-Mail: email@example.com
Research Interests
Terrestrial carbon cycle; ecosystem responses to climate variability and change; land-atmosphere interactions; climatological impacts of Amazon deforestation; seasonality of temperate forests; numerical modeling; inverse methods.
Grand Challenges Project(s)
- GEO 430: Climate and the Terrestrial Biosphere
- GEO 422: Dynamic Meteorology


text:
ParkShopping: Action figure
Every toy can live again. Donate your old toys.
Advertising Agency: Eugenio, São Paulo, Brazil
Creative Directors: Carlos Valladão, Agostinho Moura
Art Director / Illustrator: Eduardo Borges
Copywriter: Minêu
Published:May 2013
3 comments
ShawaliMay 24, 2013 - 17:25
Guys, the concepts are totally different!
Not a good campaign anyway.
No one cares about child labor, eye donation or saving the Earth: NO PSA!!! http://adsoftheworld.com/forum/135094


text:
Browsing Department of Innovation and Organizational Economics (INO) by Year Published
Now showing items 1-20 of 114Next Page
Commercial Opportunities and ChallengesØrts Hansen, Carsten; Grønsted, Peter; Lindstrøm Graversen, Christian; Hendriksen, Christian (Frederiksberg, 2016)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This report forms part of the ambitious CBS Maritime research initiative entitled "Competitive Challenges and Strategic Development Potential in Global Maritime Industries" which was launched with the generous support of the Danish Maritime Fund. The competitiveness initiative targets specific maritime industries (including shipping, offshore energy, ports, and maritime service and equipment suppliers) as well as addresses topics that cut across maritime industries (regulation and competitiveness). The topics and narrower research questions addressed in the initiative were developed in close dialogue between CBS Maritime and the maritime industries in Denmark. CBS Maritime is a Business in Society (BiS) Platform at Copenhagen Business School committed to the big question of how to achieve economic and social progress in the maritime industries. CBS Maritime aims to strengthen a maritime focus at CBS and create the foundation for CBS as a stronger partner for the maritime industries, as well as for other universities and business school with a devotion to maritime economics research. The competitiveness initiative comprises a number of PhD projects and five short term mapping projects, the latter aiming at developing key concepts and building up a basic industry knowledge base for further development of CBS Maritime research and teaching. This report attempts to map the opportunities and challenges for the maritime industry in an increasingly accessible Arctic Ocean. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9269
Files in this item: 1
Business Strategies in the Offshore Supply IndustryRoslyng Olesen, Thomas (Frederiksberg, 2016)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This report is part of the research project "The competitive challenges and strategic development possibilities for The Blue Denmark", which was launched in 2014. The project is funded by the Danish Maritime Fund and carried out by researchers at CBS Maritime which is a Business in Society Platform at Copenhagen Business School with a focus on value creation in the maritime industries. The project embraces various maritime segments from shipping and offshore to ports and suppliers. The research questions for the individual projects have been formulated by researchers at CBS Maritime in cooperation with companies in the maritime sector. This report "Offshore Supply Industry Dynamics – Business strategies in the offshore supply industry" is the second report in mapping project D. It examines the markets and business strategies of various suppliers and furthermore presents an analysis of the challenges and opportunities for the companies engaged in the different parts of the sector. The report is developed from interviews with top management of key players in the Danish supply industry combined with studies on management literature. The macro- and meso levels of the offshore sector are examined in the CBS Maritime report "Offshore Supply Chain Dynamics – The main drivers in the energy sector and the value chain characteristics for offshore oil and gas and offshore wind", which constitutes the first part of mapping project D. It offers insights into the main drivers in the energy sector (macro level) and the value chain characteristics for offshore oil and gas and offshore wind (meso level). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9276
Files in this item: 1Mapping_Report_D2_Offshore.pdf (3.441Mb)
Inertia, Knowledge Sources and Diversity in Collaborative Problem-solvingØrding Olsen, Anders (Frederiksberg, 2016)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Innovation is at the core of firms' competitiveness. External knowledge is increasingly leveraged in the efforts to increase innovation performance by solving innovation related problems and thereby developing new technology, products or services. Using internal knowledge sources can be beneficial when pursuing minor performance improvements in existing technologies. However, reliance on internal knowledge sources carries a risk of organizational inertia related to problem understanding and solution development in the shape of path-dependencies and preferences for exploitation and reapplication of existing knowledge. Such inertia may imbue innovation processes related to the development of new technologies with reduced novelty and an inability to recognize alternative and potentially more attractive solutions. As a result, over-reliance on internal knowledge sources is likely to inhibit the ability to solve problems and reduce innovation performance related to the development of new technology. In contrast, a growing stream of research shows the positive effect on problem-solving and innovation performance from drawing on diverse knowledge sources outside the firm. Through collaborative efforts involving universities, customers, competitors and suppliers in problem-solving firms can gain complementary perspectives, insights and technological knowledge as they pursue the development of innovative technologies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9278
Files in this item: 1Anders Ørding Olsen.pdf (1.201Mb)
The Value of Coworker Mobility in Pushed and Pulled-driven StartupsRocha, Vera; Carneiro, Anabela; Varum, Celeste (Frederiksberg, 2016)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: By combining the insights from the widespread research on entrepreneurial spin-offs and from the emerging literature on hiring choices in startups, we investigate the role of coworker mobility in pushed and pulled spin-offs survival. We address two main gaps identi ed in prior research: the relative inattention paid to other human resources beyond the founder, and the hetero-geneous context where employee startups may be established. We use a rich matched employer-employee dataset for Portugal, and estimate a multi-stage model addressing the issues of self-selection in entrepreneurship and endogeneity in recruitment choices. We find that spin-offs hiring coworkers from the parent fi rm survive longer. The survival bonus resulting from coworker mobility is higher in pushed-driven startups. This work has important implications for broader theories on the role of labor mobility in organizational outcomes of arrival fi rms, and also for developing theories on labor markets for entrepreneurship. It also constitutes an important step towards unpacking the mechanisms through which mobile human capital affects the performance of receiving firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9307
Files in this item: 1Rocha_Carneiro_Varum_DRUID.pdf (699.5Kb)
Human Capital Inputs and the Survival of New StartupsRocha, Vera; Van Praag, Mirjam; Carneiro, Anabela (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper studies three related questions: To what extent otherwise similar startups employ different quantities and qualities of human capital at the moment of entry? How persistent are initial human capital choices over time? And how does deviating from human capital benchmarks influence firm survival? The analysis is based on a matched employer-employee dataset and covers about 17,500 startups in manufacturing and services. We adopt a new procedure to estimate individual benchmarks for the quantity and quality of initial human resources, acknowledging correlations between hiring decisions, founders human capital, and the ownership structure of startups (solo entrepreneurs versus entrepreneurial teams). We then study the survival implications of exogenous deviations from these benchmarks, based on spline models for survival data. Our results indicate that (especially negative) deviations from the benchmark can be substantial, are persistent over time, and hinder the survival of firms. The implications may, however, vary according to the sector and the ownership structure at entry. Given the stickiness of initial choices, wrong human capital decisions at entry turn out to be a close to irreversible matter with significant survival penalties. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9150
Files in this item: 1Rocha_Van_Praag.pdf (894.7Kb)
A Business Historical AnalysisIversen, Martin Jes; Tuborg Arnth Nielsen, Peter; Pretzmann, Louise (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This short report forms part of the ambitious CBS Maritime research initiative entitled "Competitive Challenges and Strategic Development Potential in Global Maritime Industries", which was launched in 2014 with the generous support of the Danish Maritime Fund. The competitiveness initiative targets specific maritime industries (including shipping, offshore energy, ports, and maritime service and equipment suppliers) as well as addresses topics that cut across maritime industries (regulation and competitiveness). The topics and narrower research questions addressed in the initiative were developed in close dialogue between CBS Maritime and the maritime industries in Denmark. CBS Maritime is a Business in Society (BiS) Platform at Copenhagen Business School committed to the big question of how to achieve economic and social progress in the maritime industries. CBS Maritime aims to strengthen a maritime focus at CBS and create the foundation for CBS as a stronger partner for the maritime industries, as well as for other universities and business school with a devotion to maritime economics research. The competitiveness initiative comprises a number of PhD projects and five short-term mapping projects, the latter aiming at developing key concepts and building up a basic industry knowledge-base for further development of CBS Maritime research and teaching. This report attempts to map the fundamental changes in financing methods, ownership structures and strategies within the Danish product tanker segment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9262
Files in this item: 1Mapping_report_B_Ownership2.pdf (2.986Mb)
The Role of Carriers, Ports and Thrid Parties in Liner and Bulk ShippingRoslyng Olesen, Thomas (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This report has examined the concept of value creation in the maritime chain of transportation. A maritime transport chain can best be conceptualized as a network through which carriers (e.g. shipping companies and haulage providers) and third parties (e.g. terminal operators, freight forwarders, brokers and agents) provide services for the movement of cargo provided by shippers. The main actors in the maritime chain of transportation are the carriers who add value to the shipper by moving goods from areas with excess supply to areas with excess demand. In this process a number of (independent) third parties may provide a number of services. The shipper and/or carrier will employ these agents if the rise in costs is more than compensated by the value of the service. The third parties can thus only exist if they provide value added services to the carrier and/or to other third party service providers. From a financial perspective value is created when a business earns revenue that exceeds the expenses. In many sectors, however, value is increasingly being created by more intangible drivers such as research, innovation, branding, ideas and networks which usually provide indirect rather than direct benefits (Kaplan & Norton, 2004a; 2004b). This is also the case within maritime logistics. According to Johansson et al. (1993) third parties may add value through (1) improve the level of service, (2) quality, (3) cost and (4) time reduction. The chartering agent's network and market knowledge allows him to speed up the search time and match process for shippers and carriers (time reduction). The port agent's local network allows him to speed up port operations (time reduction) and make the necessary arrangement on behalf of the carrier (service). Freight forwarders may take over part of the production chain and provide services which manufacturers don't consider their core business (service). This includes assembly, quality control, customizing and packing of goods, pest control and after sales services. Third party ship management companies may reduce costs through economies of scale (cost reduction) and increase quality of crew and equipment maintenance through specialization (quality). Just to mention a few. While the report has investigated the concept of value creation, the question of value capturing has not been addressed in this study. Value capturing depends on the individual transactions between the actors in the chain. A port agent may add value to a carrier by securing smooth port operations and thus reduce waiting time. The added value may, however, be captured by a freight forwarder who forces the carrier to lower the price or more likely be distributed among several actors. The business model literature may provide a fruitful lens for exploring this in greater depth. The maritime chain of transportation is becoming increasingly complex and involves an increasing number of actors. The services of some actors are furthermore overlapping. Inland haulage can thus be provided by shippers, freight forwarders, independent liner agents, in-house liner sales offices, or by an independent haulage provider. Freight forwarders are increasingly overtaking functions in the value chain from manufacturer etc. In order to successfully navigate this network is it important to have an overview of the chain of transportation at a more general level. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9252
Files in this item: 1
Three Essays on Global Linkages for InnovationHarirchi, Gouya (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Globalization is an important theme in a broad set of conversations, from everyday talks to political and academic debates, both in positive and also negative terms. But what are the positive implications of globalization for the economic development of the countries? Do the effects of globalization on innovation differ between developed and developing economies? This PhD dissertation aims to explore these questions by identifying under which conditions globalization – conceived as a process fostering knowledge flows at a global scale – has played an important role in the innovation process. The contribution of this dissertation is to the field of geography of innovation. Despite recent research on the spatial dimension of sources of innovation, this field still remains focused on the impact of local and global linkages, for firms in the advanced economies. This thesis contributes to this matter, by extending the discussion also to the organizational learning of firms from emerging economies. Theoretically, it builds on contributions from innovation studies, economic geography and international business. Empirically, the focus is on firm level data gathered from emerging economies (BRICS) as well as several European countries. The thesis consists of an introductory chapter followed by a literature review on previous works related to spatial aspects of knowledge sourcing for learning and innovation, three essays at different stages of publication, and finally conclusions. Contextualizing the searching behaviour and the engagement in global collaborations is at the core of all three papers. By using firm level data and conducting comparative studies between advanced (North) and emerging economies (South), the first two papers analyse the impact of global knowledge flows for novelty of innovation. The third paper explores the impact of high level of local embeddedness on firm's engagement in global sourcing of knowledge; this paper relies on data from Indian firms The first paper investigates the effects of local and global innovation collaborations on the degree of novelty in innovations of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the information and communications technology (ICT) sector by considering the country in which these firms are located. The findings of this study show that global linkages do indeed impact on the degree of novelty of innovation. However, this impact is highly positive on the innovativeness of Scandinavian firms, whereas for the Indian SMEs, the regional linkages matter most. The second paper explores the role played by active collaboration with users on the degree of novelty of innovation by focusing on the location of both users and producers. The results indicate that collaborating with international users is positively related to higher degrees of novelty. Furthermore, firms in low- and middle-income countries benefit more from South- South user collaboration than from South-North collaboration. The third paper addresses the relation between high level of local embeddedness and engagement in global linkages for innovations -as a pre-requisite for catching-up- by comparing the engagement of group-affiliated firms, that are expected to present higher degree of internal collaboration, with standalone firms. The results indicate that affiliation to a business group also increases the likelihood of engagement in global linkages for innovation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9148
Files in this item: 1Gouya_Harirchi.pdf (2.406Mb)
The Influence of Strategic Interest Alignment on External Knowledge SearchØrding Olsen, Anders (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyzes how external search is affected by strategic interest alignment among knowledge sources. I focus on misalignment arising from the heterogeneous effects of disruptive technologies by analyzing the influence of incumbents on 2,855 non-incumbents? external knowledge search efforts. The efforts most likely to solve innovation problems obtained funding from the European Commission?s 7th Framework Program (2007-2013). The results show that involving incumbents improves search in complementary technologies, while demoting it when strategic interests are misaligned in disruptive technologies. However, incumbent sources engaged in capability reconfiguration to accommodate disruption improve search efforts in disruptive technologies. The paper concludes that the value of external sources is contingent on more than their knowledge. Specifically, interdependence of sources in search gives rise to influence from individual strategic interests on the outcomes. More generally, this points to the need for understanding the two-way influence of sources, rather than viewing external search as one-way knowledge accessing. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9258
Files in this item: 1Search and Disrupt.pdf (526.9Kb)
The Main Drivers in the Energy Sector and the Value Chain Characteristics for Offshore Oil and Gas and Offshore WindRoslyng Olesen, Thomas (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The value chains for offshore oil and gas and offshore wind are both basically driven by the demand for energy. This is heavily dependent on a number of factors including the price of various energy sources and the policy making of the states which influence legislation, indirect subsidies and direct investments. At the center of both value chains are the energy companies. The energy companies have a number of suppliers and sub suppliers which provide a range of equipment and services to the offshore operations. The supply industry is characterized by horizontal cooperation (between suppliers at the same level) and vertical cooperation (between suppliers in different layers). Finally the suppliers and the energy companies are supported by a number of companies which are usually not considered as part of the offshore sector but are important none the less. These companies provide a number of services including includes legal advice, financing, insurance etc. The two value chains have a number of activities in common. Both include (1) a tender and concession phase where the energy company obtains the right to explore and produce energy from the authorities. (2) An exploration phase where the physical location is examined and the installation is planned. (3) An installation phase where the equipment is produced and transported to the site where it is installed. (4) An operation phase where the energy is produced or the energy source is extracted and (5) a decommissioning phase where the field is abandoned. Most suppliers are positioned in several links of one or both value chains, at various levels (direct supplier, sub supplier, 3rd tier supplier etc.) and providing a variety of services. A supplier can move to new positions within the value chain. The increased servitization is a good example. Traditional manufacturers are often 2nd or 3rd tier suppliers in the installation phase. But by providing after sales services these companies also become direct suppliers to the energy company in the operations phase. Finally a supplier can have different positions in different geographical markets. A supplier can thus be a direct (1st tier) supplier in one market but needs to go through a local contractor (as a 2nd tier supplier) in another market – even if the provided service is exactly the same in both cases. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9251
Files in this item: 1mapping_report_d1_offshore.pdf (3.018Mb)
Miric, Milan (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: While digital industries are an increasingly important area of economic activity, the underlying structural features of such settings differ fundamentally from more conventional brick-and-mortar industries. Yet, little is understood about how some of these characteristics influence the process by which market actors create and capture value. In this thesis, I look at several attributes of digital industries (non-monetary motivations, freemium business models, network effects, digital design and digital content) and consider how these influence value creation and capture. While each paper looks at a specific question, the overarching contribution of this dissertation is to help explain how the unique set of conditions which characterize digital industries influence the behavior of market actors. The first paper looks at how competition affects the innovative output of individuals motivated by non-monetary rewards. Specifically, I contrast how competition affects the innovative output of 'unpaid" individuals motivated by non-monetary rewards relative to 'paid' or profit seeking individuals motivated by monetary rewards, both in terms of the rate and direction of innovative activity. I find that an increase in the number of competitors has a stronger negative effect on the innovative output of paid individuals compared to unpaid individuals. However, I find that as competition increases unpaid producers are less likely to reuse existing components, suggesting that they develop products which are more uncertain but can potentially lead to technological breakthroughs. Alternatively, as competition increases paid producers are more likely to reuse existing components, suggesting that they develop products which are less uncertain but also less likely to lead to breakthrough innovations. The results of this paper suggest that as competition increases, a division of labour emerges in digital industries between unpaid individuals which develop uncertain and novel innovations, and paid individuals which reuse many of these components to develop their own innovations. This contributes to both the literature on technology platforms and the literature that has looked at the recombinant nature of technological innovation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9205
Files in this item: 1Milan Miric.pdf (2.776Mb)
The consequences of shying awayClaussen, Jörg; Czibor, Eszter; Van Praag, Mirjam (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The underrepresentation of women at the top of hierarchies is often explained by gender di erences in preferences. We nd support for this claim by analyzing a large dataset from an online card game community, a stylized yet natural setting characterized by self-selection into an uncertain, competitive and male-dominated environment. We observe gender di erences in playing behavior consistent with women being more averse towards risk and competition. Moreover, we demonstrate how \shying away" makes female players less successful: despite no gender gap in playing skills, women accumulate lower scores than men due to their relative avoidance of risky and competitive situations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9259
Files in this item: 1WP_Claussen_Czibor_vanPraag.pdf (1.588Mb)
A Field ExperimentHoogendoorn, Sander; Van Praag, Mirjam (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: One of the most salient and relevant dimensions of team heterogeneity is cultural back- ground. We measure the impact of cultural diversity on the performance of business teams using a eld experiment. Companies are set up by teams of undergraduate students in business studies in realistic though similar circumstances. We vary the cultural composition of otherwise randomly composed teams in a multi-cultural stu- dent population. Our data indicate that a moderate level of cultural diversity has no e ect on team performance in terms of business outcomes (sales, pro ts and pro ts per share). However, if at least the majority of team members is culturally diverse then more cultural diversity seems to a ect the performance of teams positively. Our data suggest that this might be related to the more diverse pool of relevant knowledge facilitating (mutual) learning within culturally diverse teams. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9261
Files in this item: 1HoogendoornVanPraag_CEPR.pdf (317.6Kb)
The Role of Ambidexterity, Standard, and Decision ProcessMei, Maggie Qiuzhu (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Innovation is the engine of sustained organizational performance and is central to organizations' competitive advantage. In an effort to understand how to foster innovation at firms, extant research has highlighted the role of organizational learning in shaping innovation capabilities at firms. Motivated by the importance of innovation, this PhD dissertation aims to improve our understanding of the complex relationship between organizational learning and innovation capabilities at firms. The dissertation consists of three studies using various datasets and methodologies that investigate the relationship between organizational learning and innovation creation in an organizational context. Taking a nuanced view of organizational learning, the dissertation investigates how three different organizational learning processes could affect innovation creation at the firm level and project level. Specifically, essay 1 focuses on how to manage ambidextrous learning for superior radical and incremental innovation capabilities; essay 2 examines how learning through knowledge sharing in the context of standard setting impacts on firms' innovation performance; and essay 3 moves down to project level and explores how and when strategic decision comprehensiveness can affect new product development performance. Taken together, though examining three separate approaches that firms employ to manage organizational learning for innovation creation, the three studies in this dissertation collectively contribute to the understanding of managing organizational learning for innovation creation at firms. The three studies in this dissertation show how three prominent organizational learning processes impact on firms' innovation performance. Furthermore, the studies in this dissertation emphasize that there are limitation and boundary conditions for different organizational learning processes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8898
Files in this item: 1Maggie_Mei.pdf (937.8Kb)
Collective Learning Beyond the ClusterCole, Alexander (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The co-location of industry in agglomerations of similar and related firms is one of the salient features of the contemporary global economy. Over the last thirty years, a large body of theory and case-literature has addressed this phenomenon and sought to understand the advantages that accrue when industries are spatially clustered. Contemporary scholars in this tradition have focused on the advantages of face-toface interaction and the access to spatially sticky information in the form of buzz available to cluster agents. They have further suggested that the development of local conventions and a local idiom facilitate knowledge circulation and collaboration within clusters while perhaps frustrating access to outsiders. The resultant learning views of agglomeration have become dominant within the field of economic geography. In the past decade, however, this dominant view has been challenged by a counterview challenging the idea that physical proximity is neither necessary nor sufficient for economic learning. First, it has been noted that much of the learning that occurs in clusters may actually be organized through various forms temporary proximity. Secondly, it has been argued that knowledge circulates not by virtue of spatial proximity, but through participation in knowledge communities that share a basic epistemological framework and common purpose. These communities may be spatially clustered or may be widely dispersed. The research presented in this dissertation aims to contribute to this debate on the relative importance of physical and relational proximity to processes of economic learning. It does so through a qualitative study of the European Animation Industry and its attempt to build supportive networks and institutions resembling those found in successful geographic clusters, but in the context of a spatially dispersed industry. It demonstrates how through the extensive use of temporary proximity in the form of conferences, market places, and workshops, European animation was able to create a dense social fabric supporting learning and collaboration among firms that were both geographically and culturally distant. The dissertation is developed in three distinct articles written for journal publication. These are followed by Appendix One discussing methodological issue related to the research, Appendix Two providing empirical introduction to European Animation, the object of the dissertation's case study. They are followed by a brief conclusion discussing the dissertations findings. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8966
Files in this item: 1Alexander_Cole.pdf (2.434Mb)
Evidence from a Lab-in-the-Field ExperimentKoudstaal, Martin; Sloof, Randolph; Van Praag, Mirjam (Rotterdam, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Theory predicts that entrepreneurs have distinct attitudes towards risk and uncertainty, but empirical evidence is mixed. To better understand the unique behavioral characteristics of entrepreneurs and the causes of these mixed results, we perform a large 'lab-in-the-field' experiment comparing entrepreneurs to managers – a suitable comparison group – and employees (n = 2288). The results indicate that entrepreneurs perceive themselves as less risk averse than managers and employees, in line with common wisdom. However, when using experimental incentivized measures, the differences are subtler. Entrepreneurs are only found to be unique in their lower degree of loss aversion, and not in their risk or ambiguity aversion. This combination of results might be explained by our finding that perceived risk attitude is not only correlated to risk aversion but also to loss aversion. Overall, we therefore suggest using a broader definition of risk that captures this unique feature of entrepreneurs; their willingness to risk losses. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9034
Files in this item: 1Praag.pdf (1.181Mb)
Leisure Time, Hobbies and Organizational CreativityDavis, Lee N.; Hoisl, Karin; Davis, Jerome Dean (Copenhagen, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explores the link between employee leisure time activities and the value of their creative output. We argue that leisure time activities ? both in general, and specifically with regard to the employee?s choice of hobbies ? both illuminate and shape the attitudes and attributes the employee brings to work. Based on Woodman et al.?s (1993) ?interactionist perspective? on organizational creativity, supplemented by literature on search and knowledge re/combination, we explore whether leisure time activities can span the creative space between the employee?s home and workplace ? given the range of multi-level inputs that may also contribute to workplace creativity. We use original survey data comprising 4,138 inventions from 21 European countries, the United States and Japan, in all major industries. Organizational creativity is measured by the asset value of the patent on the associated invention, and the degree of radicalness of the invention. We find that employees who continue to think about their workplace research while away from work produce more valuable inventions. Diversity of hobbies, more socially oriented hobbies, and more focused hobbies are also positively related to invention value. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9045
Files in this item: 1Davis.pdf (283.9Kb)
An Application to Residual Income Based Measures like Economic Value AddedSloof, Randolph; Van Praag, Mirjam (Amsterdam, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Distorted performance measures in compensation contracts elicit suboptimal behavioral responses that may even prove to be dysfunctional (gaming). This paper applies the empirical test developed by Courty and Marschke (2008) to detect whether the widely used class of Residual Income based performance measures —such as Economic Value Added (EVA)— is distorted, leading to unintended agent behavior. The paper uses a difference-in-differences approach to account for changes in economic circumstances and the self-selection of firms using EVA. Our findings indicate that EVA is a distorted performance measure that elicits the gaming response. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8962
Files in this item: 1Sloof og Van Praag.pdf (312.9Kb)
Moreira, Solon (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Licensing contracts represent one of the most widely used mechanisms to exchange technologies and transfer know-how between firms. Due to the opportunities that licensing creates for firms operating on both sides of the markets for technology, it has increasingly become an integral part of firms' R&D strategies. On the supply side, the existing literature has been focused on understanding how technology licensing can be used by firms as a mechanism to recover investments in innovative activities and to foster learning opportunities. On the demand side, it has been shown that licensing is an important source that firms can tap into to feed their internal needs for innovative knowledge. While several studies have examined technology licensing through the lens of the licensor, research on how firms rely on licensing contracts to acquire knowledge and improve their innovation performance still leaves much to be investigated. Furthermore, with few exceptions, neither organizational nor contractual characteristics related to the licensing deals have received enough attention as determinants of the capacity of the acquiring firm to benefit from licensing in a new technology. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship between technology licensing and firm innovation, also examining how the characteristics of the acquiring firm and the use of specific contractual clauses affect this main relationship. The papers in this dissertation build on a different set of theoretical perspectives connected to the licensing literature. The dissertation consists of a general introduction, four papers, and a conclusion. Although all the papers build on the same main dataset related to licensing contracts in the global pharmaceutical industry, supplementary information from different data sources was connected to the licensing contracts to answer the specific research questions. Indeed, each paper, from a different perspective, contemplates and contributes to the existing literature by examining the relationship between technology licensing and specific dimensions of firm innovation. Understanding how licensing deals affect the performance of licensees and licensors is critical to understanding how markets for technology function. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8868
Files in this item: 1Solon_Thesis.pdf (1.181Mb)
Dahl, Michael; Van Praag, Mirjam; Thompson, Peter (, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We study possible motivations for co-entrepenurial couples to start up a joint firm, using a sample of 1,069 Danish couples that established a joint enterprise between 2001 and 2010. We compare their pre-entry characteristics, firm performance and post-dissolution private and financial outcomes with a selected set of comparable firms and couples. We find evidence that couples often establish a business together because one spouse ? most commonly the female ? has limited outside opportunities in the labor market. However, the financial benefits for each of the spouses, and especially the female, are larger in co-entrepreneurial firms, both during the life of the business and post-dissolution. The start-up of co-entrepreneurial firms seems therefore a sound in-vestment in the human capital of both spouses as well as in the reduction of income inequality in the household. We find no evidence of non-pecuniary benefits or costs of co-entrepreneurship URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8961
Files in this item: 1Dahl Van Praag Thompson.pdf (980.6Kb)
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Free personalized radio that
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So High
Features of This Tracka reggae feel
a subtle use of paired vocal harmony
acoustic rhythm piano
extensive vamping
prominent organ
These are just a few of the hundreds of attributes cataloged for this track by the Music Genome Project.show more
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text:
Dedicating her life to the Buddhist temple, Chitose spends her days worshipping and cleaning with the rest of the nuns. Although she denies it passionately, she has an enormous crush on Ikkou and becomes extremely jealous if anyone else dares to flirt with him. With a love for horror movies, Chitose is also one of the few people who understands Ikkou's power and will reluctantly flash her breasts at him in a time of need.
|Amaenaideyo!! Katsu!!
|Amaenaideyo!! Katsu!! Special
|Amaenaideyo!! Special
hate this generic crappy self centered character with a passion
i hate you beside if i was his brother i would kill her


text:
Summer Hours: Monday-Saturday, 10:00 am to 6:00 pm; Sunday, 1:00 to 6:00 pm
Chocolate Gifts & Lovely Event Favors
Summer is upon us! Gifts and favors of chocolate are wonderful for celebrations like weddings, showers, and many other special events. View our online store or browse in our Acton shop, where you can also enjoy fantastic ice cream in our parlor. You might even get to watch us making our handcrafted confections!
Chocolate + Happiness
We feature our signature truffle Cubze. They make great
gifts with the bonus of an inspirational message about happiness wrapped right into them! Sold individually for snacking, in elegant gift boxes or as part of a collection for business or personal gifts, there's something for everyone.
- "My clients love your chocolates and so do I! I dropped off the chocolates at a few of my clients and received a call the same day saying how delicious they were."
- "I can't tell you what a lovely surprise it was to get an unexpected treat in the mail! To have that surprise be locally made chocolates was extra special."
- "My wife, daughter and I never had chocolates so delicious!"
Our Cubze are unique cube-shaped truffles that are smooth, creamy and extraordinarily rich in taste. Each is hand wrapped with colorful foil and an inspirational message about happiness – two treats in one! They are made in small batches from the finest all natural ingredients, hand cut, and then coated in rich milk or dark chocolate.
In our shop, we also carry favorites such as:
- Assorted handmade barks and bars
in milk, dark and white chocolate
- Chocolate covered nuts
- Hand-dipped oh-re-ohs
- Caramel nut patties
- Dark chocolate covered cranberries
- Milk and dark sea salt caramels
- Traditional truffles and creams
- Sugar-free and nut-free chocolates
RETAIL LOCATION – Chocolate & Ice Cream
340 Great Road (Intersection of Rte. 2A and 27), Acton, MA 01720, 978.429.8485