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We have a wide variety of stories to tell each day - from updates on the economy to trips around the state. The DEED Roundup compiles each week's highlights into one place.
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Aug. 22, 2016 – Minnesota employers add 11,300 jobs in July, Minnesota one of five states selected by Center for Regional Economic Competitiveness to participate in policy initiative, and Minnesota ranks second in the country for overall election performance.
Aug. 15, 2016 – Microbiologics expanding in St. Cloud with support from Job Creation Fund, State Services for the Blind unit helps seniors, and Mayo Clinic rated top hospital in the country by U.S. News & World Report.
July 25, 2016 – Commissioner Hardy discusses DEED equity programs during KFAI radio interview, state employers add 7,300 jobs in June, and CNBC study rates Minnesota as the second-smartest state.
July 18, 2016 – Minnesota Veterans Career Fair in Brooklyn Center attracts 700 veterans and over 240 exhibitors, mayors of 14 Minnesota cities urge Legislature to restore cuts to Job Creation Fund and Minnesota Investment Fund if special session is held, and Minnesota finishes fourth in CNBC's listing of America's Top States for Business 2016.
July 11, 2016 – DEED convening information sessions for nonprofits interesting in applying for competitive grants for equity programs, Life Fitness expanding in Owatonna, and Willmar site certified as Shovel Ready.
July 5, 2016 – DEED to begin taking applications for broadband funding on July 22, more than 80 percent of Minnesota business services firms expecting sales and profits to climb or remain stable next year, and Minnesota once again named top state for well-being of children.
July 25, 2016 – Commissioner Hardy discusses DEED equity programs in KFAI radio interview, state employers add 7,300 jobs in June, and CNBC study rates Minnesota as the second-smartest state.
June 6, 2016 – State exports at $4.6 billion in first quarter of 2016, DEED supports southern Minnesota program that promotes minority-owned business growth, and Job Creation Fund and Minnesota Investment Fund are vital to state economy.
June 13, 2016 – DEED awards $250,000 to 13 groups that will help high school students explore and prepare for careers, Minnesota Job Skills Partnership grant approved for Kraus-Anderson Construction Co. training, and Commissioner Hardy gets up close and personal in Capitol Report interview.
June 20, 2016 – Minnesota unemployment rate steady at 3.8 percent in May, Stern Rubber expanding in Aitkin with assistance from DEED Job Creation Fund, and Minnesota Job Skills Partnership awards funding to train workers from U.S. Distilled Products in Princeton.
June 27, 2016 – Minneapolis program receives DEED grant to help high school students plan for careers, DEED updates Minnesota Brownfields Resource Guide, and UnitedHealth Group becomes first Minnesota company to crack the top 10 list of the Fortune 500.
May 2, 2016 - DEED-sponsored career fair in Austin draws 1,000 eighth-graders, MinnesotaWorks.net offers veteran-friendly job postings and Minnesota has best labor force participation rate in the country.
May 23, 2016 - State gains 15,600 jobs in April, Kraft Heinz investing $100 million for expansion project in New Ulm and Minnesota economy kept on rolling last year with 87 major expansion projects around the state.
May 31, 2016 - Commissioner Hardy discusses DEED priorities in MinnPost interview, DEED Developments blog takes a closer look at the monthly employment numbers, and Twin Cities drivers among the most courteous in the nation.
April 25, 2016 - Karen Francois named DEED's assistant commissioner of the Office of Career and Business Opportunity, 27 projects awarded $2.55 million in Pathways to Prosperity funding, and consumer website WalletHub says Minnesota is the most financially savvy state.
April 18, 2016 - Commissioner Sieben leaving DEED to pursue other opportunities, state unemployment rate steady at 3.7 percent for fifth straight month, and how to get the most out of attending a job fair.
April 11, 2016 - Seventh Annual Northland Job Fair in Duluth draws hundreds of job seekers, state now covering the cost of GED tests, and Minnesota cities sweep the top three spots in NerdWallet's Best Cities for Women in the Workforce 2016.
April 4, 2016 - DEED Job Creation Fund grant supports expansion at Wagner SprayTech, Commissioner Sieben to be keynote speaker at Duluth Local Initiatives Support Corporation annual luncheon, and Seventh Annual Northland Job Fair set for Tuesday in Duluth.
March 28, 2016 - State gains 9,000 jobs in February, extended unemployment insurance benefits approved for Iron Range mining workers, and Minnesota Cup accepting applications for 12th annual competition.
March 21, 2016 - State job vacancies climb to 96,000 in fourth quarter 2015, Job Creation Fund attracts more than $388 million in investments and 2,605 new jobs last year, and DEED awards $2.8 million for 14 training projects under Minnesota Job Skills Partnership.
March 14, 2016 - Minnesota unemployment rate holds steady at 3.7 percent in January, DEED awards $4 million loan for Cirrus expansion project in Duluth, and 18th annual Iron Range Job Fair set for Friday in Virginia, Minn.
March 7, 2016 - Agricultural biotech firm Calyxt Inc. approved for $477,000 grant from Job Creation Fund, Minnesota one of 10 states that will take part in SNAP to Skills program, and Minnesota exports at $20 billion in 2015.
Feb. 29, 2016 - DEED awards $1.62 million for apartment construction projects in Duluth and Perham, MinnesotaWorks.net offers tips for putting together an effective resume and 10 Minnesota companies make Fortune magazine's list of the "World's Most Admired Companies."
Feb. 22, 2016 - New Office of Career and Business Opportunity aims to help disadvantaged groups achieve economic parity, MinnesotaWorks.net blog post offers region-by-region breakdown of jobs in the construction industry, and State Services for the Blind Communication Center had a busy and productive 2015.
Feb. 16, 2016 - DEED's Rapid Response team helping workers who lost jobs after Madelia fire, Sil-Pro expanding in Delano with support from Job Creation Fund, and Vocational Rehabilitation annual report features facts, figures, data and success stories.
Feb. 8, 2016 - Governor's Task Force on Broadband recommends $200 million for Border-to-Border Broadband Development Grant Program, startup company Phoji puts a fresh face on phone app, and latest issue of Trends magazine focuses on racial and economic disparities in Minnesota.
Feb. 1, 2016 - Trade Office executive director talks STEP grants at Central Minnesota Manufacturers Association meeting, Cottage Grove site certified as Shovel Ready, and DEED plans Way to Work pilot project in Minnesota.
Jan. 25, 2016 - Minnesota employers add 9,100 jobs in December, partner in Albertville project credits trade missions for helping him to raise investment funding, and Minnesota is the second-strongest state in the country, according to Politico analysis.
Jan. 19, 2016 - Minnesota manufacturers expect stable conditions in 2016, DEED awards Job Training Skills Partnership grant for metro manufacturing consortium, and Duluth WorkForce Center hosting job fair on Tuesday.
Jan. 11, 2016 - Japan-based Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. expanding in Brooklyn Park, road project in Pennock awarded funding from Transportation Economic Development Program, DEED announces $6.2 million in cleanup funding for redevelopment projects.
Jan. 4, 2016 - Essar Steel accepts governor's ultimatum to repay $66 million loan, state job picture generally improved last year and state population at record high.


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Photo: Chris Algieri Touches Down in Macau, China
Macau, China --- " ALGIERI HITS MACAU" --- New York's undefeated (20-0) WBO Jr. Welterweight champion Chris Algieri (R) and his trainer Tim Lane (L) arrive in Macau, China for the start of their worldwide media tour with superstar Manny Pacquiao. Photos by Chris Farina/Top Rank.
Pacquiao and Algieri , along with their respective trainers Freddie Roach and Tim Lane, promoters Bob Arum, Joe DeGuardia and Artie Pelullo, and Ed Tracy, President and CEO of Sands China Ltd., will embark on a 27,273-Mile Media Tour, beginning on Monday, August 25 at The Venetian Macao. The 12-day tour includes press conferences or public and private appearances scheduled for Shanghai, San Francisco, Las Vegas, Los Angeles and New York.
Promoted by Top Rank® and Sands China Ltd., in association with MP Promotions, Joe DeGuardia's Star Boxing ,Banner Promotions and Tecate, the Pacquiao vs. Algieri world welterweight championship event will take place Saturday, November 22, at the Cotai Arena in The Venetian Macao Resort in Macau, China.
t will be produced and distributed live by HBO Pay-Per-View beginning at 9:00 p.m. ET / 6:00 p.m. PT.
[QUOTE=Divine Hammer;14880694]Algieri already looks to be in great shape. I don't know why people are sleeping on algieri. He has the height, reach and style to make this a frustrating fight for the past prime/shot pacquiao.[/QUOTE] They don't want a…Comment by HIGHNESS on 08-24-2014
[QUOTE=keyz3r0;14880572]willing to bet my millions against your miserable little troll like points that you have no clue about what you're talking about, and Pacquiao wins hands down. Apparently you have a bad rep also.. you must be a troll or…Comment by Mr. Punch-Out!! on 08-23-2014
[QUOTE=ippo;14880382]Thats what i think will happen as well.or get countered with a right hand while lunging in.Gonna be a jabfest all night.[/QUOTE] LOL at you two thinking it's THAT simple to beat Pacquiao. [QUOTE=newcastleking;14881037]For real, folks are acting like we…Comment by skinnystev on 08-23-2014
looks like algieri is sporting a glass eyeComment by newcastleking on 08-23-2014
For real, folks are acting like we didn't see Manny stretched out on the floor not long ago. Anything can happenPost a Comment - View More User Comments (21)

subset: commoncrawl


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(based on 103 reviews)
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Reviewed by 103 customers
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(3 of 3 customers found this review helpful)
By Stl123
from St Louis, MO
Comments about Moisture Boost Toner - 6.4 oz:
I use this product twice a day after washing my face. It does keep my face moisturized. I apply it from my hands rather than a cotton ball and when I rub it between my hands it suds up which seems strange to me. No visible changes to my face since using this product but I'm assuming it does what it's supposed to.
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(5 of 6 customers found this review helpful)
Gentle, moisturizing toner
By Adele
from Berkeley, CA
This toner is great. I normally use the Skin Balancing toner, and the Skin Recovery toner as needed (I'm prone to eczema). The Moisture Boost toner is a great in-between choice! My skin is oily and acne-prone, but often sensitive and flakey because of nightly prescription tretinoin use (especially in the winter months). This toner is incredibly gentle and absolutely amazing at removing flakey skin, moisturizing, and keeping my skin soothed and comfortable all day long. It provides the additional moisture I need during the cooler months, without having to layer an additional moisturizer under my moisturizer + spf (the Clear spf 30+). If you like the Skin Balancing toner but need a more hydrating formula, this is worth trying. I now exclusively use Paula's Choice products in my daily routine (with the exception of a prescription product), and I haven't had a single spot of eczema this fall/winter. I'm sure this product helped. Amazing.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
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(1 of 2 customers found this review helpful)
Works Well
By Sybil
from Minnesota
About Me Budget Buyer
Started using this almost a year ago as I began taking care of my skin for the first time. I use a cotton pad to clean off my skin after the cleanser and makeup remover if I need it. I sometimes still find this toner taking off leftover makeup. My skin does feel tight after I use it, which surprises me in a moisture boost product. It was a good budget buy though, since it lasted me about ten months.
(4 of 7 customers found this review helpful)
my moisturizer!
By cookie
from grand haven mi
About Me Brand Buyer
This is a nice refreshing addition of moisture after cleansing or throughout the day if your skin feels dry. I repackage it in a spray bottle and just spritz it on clean skin or over makeup and skin care for a quick refreshment! It's all the moisture I need. Store it in the fridge for a nice cool down and never fly without it! Just spritz on throughout your flight and arrive with fresh dewey skin. Makes a nice hand lotion too...
(6 of 22 customers found this review helpful)
By Punkin' Pea
from Lancaster, Pa
I am a faithful user of Resist Recovery toner and with age and drying winter coming, needing more moisture on my face. I am choosing this toner even with the "irritating" reviews with the faith in PC being that they won't sell anything that is "harmful" to the skin. Paula's Choicehas always been a reputable company and I'm counting on that! Thanks PC!
(3 of 5 customers found this review helpful)
Really Nice
By SK
from Toronto, ON
This was the first toner i ever used and it was amazing! I bought the Moisture Boost moisturizer as well and i felt like this toner did a better job with my skin than the Moisturer. And i love love love the scent, even tho it's fragrance free! However, i gave it 4 stars because i find the Skin Recovery toner beats this toner, which is why i don't buy this anymore.
(8 of 10 customers found this review helpful)
Lovely results after a few days
By Island Exile
from Commonwealth of Dominica
I received a sample packet of this and, because I've never really thought toners mattered, threw it in a drawer and forgot about it. I stumbled across it the other day and decided to give it a go; I'd just finished a PC mask that was terrible for my skin type, and my face was tight and angry and quite painful to touch. A little moisture couldn't hurt.I wasn't expecting much, and for the first few nights not much happened; my post-cleansed skin felt soothed and hydrated, but there was no visible difference in my skin tone or texture.The morning after I ran out I woke up with absolutely lovely skin--dewy and hydrated without being sweaty or oily; even skin tone; calm acne/hyperpigmentation spots. I don't think it faded my dark spots, but I think it calmed my skin in such a way that they were less noticeable. I was Glowy, which hasn't happened in years.I guess a good toner can be useful after all!P.S. I got four uses out of the sample packet--not bad.(Skin: very sensitive, very dry, acne-prone, hyperpigmentation. Very fair, aged 27.)
(6 of 10 customers found this review helpful)
By bethyb
from MD
I recommend and use (almost) exclusively PC products, and have for many years. Rarely do I try other products without consulting beautypedia. I even turned down my plastic surgeon's free samples of his skin care line, and when I told him why he said "I know of her products, and they're good". Paula has not only saved me $, but her products have improved my skin over the years. That being said, this toner is a rare PC "no go" for me. I generally use only the Resist and Skin Recovery toners, but recently took an overnight trip and rather than take a big bottle of toner I grabbed a sample of this toner I received in a previous order. I have used other products in the Moisture Boost line with no problem, but immediately after putting this on my face it began to sting like crazy. I couldn't wash it off fast enough. The next day my face was tender, a bit red and flaky in places. I don't have sensitive skin. Other reviewers have had similar reactions.This may work for others, but I'll stick to Resist and Skin Recovery.
Customer Service Response: Hello, and thank you for your comments - we're sorry to hear this didn't work as expected for you! Please contact a member of our Customer Care team, who can assist you with a possible exchange or refund.
(2 of 4 customers found this review helpful)
Love this toner!
By Mary Beth J.
from Undisclosed
Have been using this toner for many years without problems. I will try another type or brand, but always return to this one. It has never caused flushing or burned, even after waxing. Please don't change this formula!
(7 of 10 customers found this review helpful)
Soothing and moisturizing
By Sally M
This is my new favorite toner. Previously used skin balancing toner. I am older now and my combination skin is drier.This toner calms my skin as soon as I apply it. Paula please do not change this formula.


text:
In this study, a novel liquid crystal array based on modal control principle is proposed and demonstrated. The advanced device comprises a six striped electrode structure that forms a configurable 2D matrix of optical elements. A simulation program based on the Frank-Oseen equations and modal control theory has been developed to predict the device electrooptic response, that is, voltage distribution, interference pattern and unwrapped phase. A low-power electronics circuit, that generates complex waveforms, has been built for driving the device. A combined variation of the waveform amplitude and phase has provided a high tuning versatility to the device. Thus, the simulations have demonstrated the generation of a liquid crystal prism array with tunable slope. The proposed device has also been configured as an axicon array. Test measurements have allowed us to demonstrate that electrooptic responses, simulated and empirical, are fairly in agreement.
© 2013 Optical Society of America
1. Introduction
In recent years, liquid crystal (LC) devices have increasingly been used in many non-display applications. LC characteristics such as the Frederick's effect and high birefringence are crucial for constructing small and lightweight devices that can be controlled by low voltages without requiring any mechanical components. By exploiting such characteristics, LC devices have been notably applied in the fields of optical communications as modulators, switches, filters, photonic optical fibers, and so on; adaptive optics for wavefront correction, beam shaping, and optical tweezers; and liquid crystal lenses.
Liquid crystal lenses were first reported more than 30 years ago, and they remain an active field of research even today, as evidenced by recent applications such as tunable-focusing optical zoom systems (cell phones, cameras, picoprojectors, night vision of hand-carried weapons) [1] and spectacles and autostereoscopic devices [2]. Over this period, many new topologies have been proposed, such as polymer gel stabilization, patterned electrode, surface relief profile, Fresnel lens, immersed lens, and modal control.
Among these, modal control is considered as one of the most promising because it affords easier control (few electrodes) and requires low voltages [3]. Modal control is based on a high-resistivity layer that controls the voltage distribution and refractive index over the lens aperture. A typical modal lens structure comprises a set of layers in the following order: a low-resistivity electrode as a ground contact, a LC layer, a high-resistivity layer, and a patterned electrode connected to the voltage source. Following modal theory, the value of the sheet resistance is estimated as being proportional to the lens radio and inversely proportional to the square of thickness and frequency. At the millimetric scale, the sheet resistance should be 0.1–10 MΩ/sq, depending on the thickness and frequency. Thus far, titanium oxide, PEDOT, or thin ITO layers have been employed as the control electrode layer. However, at the micrometric scale, only one lens has been reported [4] owing to difficulties in finding layers from 0.1 to 1 GΩ and the fact that, at some point, the fringe fields distributed by LC are sufficient to create a voltage distribution without the need of a high-resistivity layer. Accordingly, it is considered that the modal control technique covers a broad range of diameters providing proper phase profiles.
In this study, we develop a novel device based on modal control that has a lens array formed by a six-electrode structure with two high-resistivity layers. This advanced approach combines, in the same device, some of the improvements of modal devices previously reported. Specifically, some smart driving complex signals, with opposite electrical phase shifts, are applied to a minimum modal device based on a few electrodes. This device acts as a reference for suggesting that its electrooptic response can be extrapolated to 1D and 2D arrays of higher size. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. In section 2, we present the theoretical basis for this device. In section 3, we describe its structure and device operation. In section 4, the experimental setup of the developed device is presented. In section 5, we compare the obtained experimental results with those obtained using a simulation program. Finally, in section 6, we summarize the conclusions of our study.
2. Modal device theory
Modal lens theory has been widely studied since it was first reported. Vdovin et al. conducted the first studies of the physical processes occurring in the resultant distributed resistive-capacitive system [5]. For describing this type of system, the voltage distribution equation across the lens diameter is derived by considering the equivalent electric circuit of a LC at mid-range frequencies (a distributed parallel-plate capacitor). One of the layers is considered an equipotential surface, while the other contains non-uniformly distributed free charges. Following the law of charge conservation and Ohm's law and ignoring the electrical field outside the lens diameter, the resulting voltage distribution equation is a second-order two-dimensional partial differential equation (PDE),
This equation is strongly dependent on the boundary conditions (voltage at diameter ends). Considerably different analytical expressions are obtained when complex boundary conditions (described in terms of voltage amplitude and phase) are employed. Several studies have investigated the use of harmonics [6] or different electrical phase shifts [7] to improve the lens quality or to simply achieve different wavefront modulations than typical spherical or cylindrical shapes. In recent years, other types of modal controls have been proposed. Some of these are based on the use of two high-resistivity layers, one of them instead of the equipotential layer on the ground plane. The latter has been demonstrated to reduce lens aberrations [8] if electrodes of one substrate are placed parallel to each other. On the other hand, if substrates are arranged so that their electrodes are oriented orthogonal to each other, a tunable focusing device can be achieved [9]. The voltage distribution in these two structures can be easily explained with a system using two versions of Eq. (1), one for each layer [10].
3. Structure and modal device operation
The modal device proposed in this study is based on nematic liquid crystal technology. Figure 1(a) shows the structure comprising two high-resistivity layers. Figure 1(b) shows that every high-resistivity layer consists of a very thin layer of titanium oxide with a sheet resistance of 11–14 MΩ/sq. The design of the electrode pattern consists of six striped ITO electrodes (three on the top and three on the bottom substrate); the spacers are 20 µm ± 10%. The substrates are arranged so that their electrodes are oriented orthogonal to each other. The active area is 1 cm2 and the electrodes are 1mm width.
Fig. 1
As noted above, the two high-resistivity layers result in a two second-order two-dimensional coupled PDE with six initial conditions corresponding to each electrode,
4. Experimental setup
The experimental setup, based on a commercial interferometer, is shown in Fig. 2. The interference patterns are measured using a Zygo phase shifting interferometer in a double-pass configuration. LC device was placed, in a standard scheme, between a mirror and a linear polarizer. It has only four external contacts, since two couples of electrodes are connected with each other to the same signal in Fig. 3(a). The top view of the active area is depicted in Fig. 3(b). Unwrapped phase was directly obtained by the commercial interferometer in graphs in color by means of phase shifting technique.
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
As noted before, one of the most interesting operation regimes in modal devices is obtained using complex voltages, defined by amplitude and phase. The simulations confirm the need to use this type of voltage to completely exploit the device characteristics. For this purpose, a driving module has been designed and built with four external outputs. It consists of a custom phase shift waveform generator that uses an NI USB 6259 module to permit four analog outputs ( ± 10 V) and a maximum speed of 1.25 MS/s in combination with a 18F45k20 PIC microcontroller as a master reference clock source to solve the problem of temporization and synchronization; the latter works as a tunable clock source to maintain a constant number of samples per waveform. The modal device is driven by the NI USB outputs and controlled using a computer.
5. Simulation and experimental results
The results of this work are presented and described in two steps. In a first stage, the validation of simulation program is established by the comparison of some simulations of a basic approach with their respective experimental measure. The simulation program uses the following input parameters about the device structure and the nematic LC features: thickness = 23 µm, K11 = 1.8, K33 = 6, birefringence = 0.18, dielectric anisotropy = 20.1 and resistivity of high-resistivity layer = 12 MΩ/sq. Differences in the two high resistivity layer thickness, achieved in the fabrication process, are negligible. So that, they are considered equal for simplicity in simulation. In a second phase, a set of advanced arrangements are considered. The device layouts are focused fundamentally to create two kinds of arrays: a one-dimensional array of optics elements working as tunable LC prisms and a two-dimensional matrix with a tunable LC axicon array functionality. Here, we describe the experimental results for validation via a comparison with some simulations carried out previously. The general driving scheme consists of the application of four electrical square signals, with until four different electrical phase shifts, to each electrode. These set ups use opposite electrical phase shifts applied to couples of electrodes. It is required to select one electrode of reference for phase; being 0° the phase of that electrode.
5.1 Validation of the simulation program
In this experiment, identical voltage amplitude without electrical phase shifts between electrodes is applied to electrodes of the top substrate (V1 = V2 = 4 Vpkpk). The bottom electrodes are connected to ground (V3 = V4 = 0 Vpkpk). This causes a hyperbolic voltage distribution and small voltage gradients, suffering from several aberrations. Figure 4 shows a comparison of the interference pattern of the obtained simulations with experimental measurements. The active area shows a surrounding effect caused by the optical glue in the manufacturing process that generates a constant optical phase shift in those zones. This inconvenience causes a light difference in size between experimental and simulated data. Despite this, simulations show acceptable agreement with the experimental results.
Fig. 4
Phase unwrapping is realized by a phase-shifting technique from interference patterns. Figure 5 shows the unwrapped phase in XY and YZ planes. The glass substrate plane is used as the reference XY plane. The phase unwrapping and simulations reveal a peak-to-value optical phase shift over the active area of 1.6λ for λ = 632.8 nm (around 7.5π). The differences between the simulations and the experimental measurements could be caused by deviations in the input parameters considered just like the hypothesis of thickness uniformity of the high resistivity layers, in simulation, or a high sensitivity to temperature of the experimental device.
Fig. 5
The comparison of the unwrapped phases, experimental and simulated, validates the capacity of the simulation program to reproduce these profiles. However, the experimental reconstruction of the phase by the Zygo interferometer is not a simple task for this active area due to the restricted resolution of the interference pattern images. That restriction motivated the interference patterns were the only parameter obtained experimentally. On the contrary, simulation program modeled all the parameters such as the voltage distribution or the unwrapped phase and could be considered to test the device and to adjust better-quality wavefronts.
The quality of the optical elements of this arrangement was quantified by the aberration tests. The aberration coefficients were calculated by comparing the phase profile of one optical element with that of a reference sphere whose radius was the maximum phase shift for this approach. The result reveals that this first configuration is restricted mainly by tetrafoil (Z14) and spherical (Z12) aberrations. Figure 6 shows a graph with the magnitudes of the 36 Zernike coefficients where the spherical aberration is especially noticeable. The tetrafoil aberration is mainly caused by the square aperture of the active area in this scheme with the substrates arranged so that their electrodes are oriented orthogonal to each other. Finally, some coma aberrations (Z7, Z8) seem less relevant to the phase deviation.
Fig. 6
Different strategies are suggested to compensate the optical aberrations. The introduction of additional harmonics into the driving control signal has been an option to correct the phase profile for some tunable modal lenses. The advantage of this hypothesis is that the total RMS phase deviation is minimized by optimizing the weight of each harmonic [6]. However, this is not a favorable solution for our embodiment because it requires complex equipment, losing the advantage of having only one driving signal for generating complex waveforms. An alternative and preferable option is to avoid exceeding the near linear range of the LC birefringence characteristic. This constraint is equivalent to limit the full dynamic range of the LC to voltages higher than the threshold voltage and lower than the saturation one. Of course, these allowed voltage limits depend strongly on the manufacturing technology, so some new alternative materials for the LC alignment layers and high resistance electrodes, have to be further researched. In that sense, the simulation program is a powerful tool for anticipating the modal response of the devices with those new technologies.
5.2 A one-dimensional array of tunable LC prisms
An attractive optical unwrapped phase is produced via the use of opposite electrical phase shifts, that is, opposite signal polarity, in contiguous electrodes of the same substrate. This setting forces the voltage between the two electrodes to cross zero volts and to create a pyramidal voltage profile [see Fig. 7(a)]. The result of applying this control is indeed a controllable one-dimensional LC prism array. Figures 7(b) and 7(c) illustrate the comparison of the experimental and simulated interferograms, for the horizontal and vertical distributed interference patterns. Driving signals set up are (V3 = V4 = 6 Vpkpk, Φ3 = 0° and Φ4 = 180°) and (V1 = V2 = 6 Vpkpk, Φ1 = 0° and Φ2 = 180°), respectively. The frequency remains constant, at 1 kHz, in all the experiments. Both examples confirm the simulation model; the comparison reveals that they are fairly in agreement. In this case, low frequency signals are preferable (lower than 1 kHz) in order to operate with a small modal parameter. Both examples confirm the validation of the simulation model; the comparison reveals that they are fairly in agreement.
Fig. 7
The result of applying this control is indeed a controllable one-dimensional LC prism array. For controlling the optical phase profile of the optical elements of the whole array simultaneously, only the voltage amplitude is necessary. However, for advanced independent control of each individual stripped-element of the array, electrical signals with phase shifts between all the electrodes are employed. The result of this approach is simulated using the original structure with the six electrodes enabled [see Fig. 8(a)]; experimental could not be performed by the current electrode setting. Figure 8(b) includes a recorded video of the unwrapped phase for a specific sequence of amplitude and electrical phase shift. Signal frequency was 1 kHz.
Fig. 8
The recorded sequence of the prism operation starts with all electrodes connected to ground (0 volts, 0°). In a first step, with a constant electrical phase shift (Φ1 = 180°, Φ2 = 180° and Φ1bis = 0°), the amplitudes of electrodes V1 = V2 = V1bis are increased from 0 to 6 Vpkpk, while V3 = V4 = V3bis = 0 Vpkpk. During this interval, one of the prisms does not appear while the other shows a tunable profile. The second step was a customized design with a fixed active prism (the one placed on the right) and the second one varying its slope. All the parameters are constant (V1 = V2 = V1bis = 6 Vpkpk, Φ2 = 180°, Φ1bis = 0°) instead Φ1 that decreased from 180° to 0°. The third and last sequences are the complementary, with symmetric parameters, to the previous ones. That is, in the third sequence only Φ1bis controls; it is increased from 0° to 180°. And the last sequence has a constant electrical phase shift (Φ1 = 0°, Φ2 = 180° and Φ1bis = 180°) and the amplitudes of electrodes V1 = V2 = V1bis are decreased from 6 to 0 Vpkpk. This whole sequence demonstrates complete control over the prism array. This prism has a maximum optical phase shift of 10.6π.
The quality of one prism of the one-dimensional array was checked by evaluating the RMS wavefront deviation. An ideal prism has been taken as a reference prism. Figure 9 shows the comparison of both prism profiles for the higher voltage, 6 Vpkpk.
Fig. 9
This voltage amplitude has been chosen because it leads to the higher RMS wavefront deviation from the ideal prism; a deviation of λ/10 has been measured. As with the previous device arrangement, a similar explanation can be argued; the effect of the non-linear LC birefringence is a key for voltages out of the linear dynamic range. Pursuing the same goal, a threshold voltage could be considered as the lower limit of the dynamic range instead 0 volts. This initial condition would lead to a perfect valley at the center of the lens with imperceptible plateau zones. Again, the small defects that are noticed in the phase prolife also could be solved by new materials and manufacturing technologies of modal control taking into account for optimizing the response.
5.3 A two-dimensional matrix of tunable LC axicons
The previous setting exploits only the tuning features of the device in one dimension. By adding a new control dimension, the one-dimensional LC array described before, evolves into a new two-dimensional LC array. Table 1 summarizes the bath of measures carried out whose results are shown in Fig. 10. It also lists the applied voltage amplitudes in Vpkpk for a set of constant electrical phases. The experiment is based on the use of opposite electrical phase shifts between electrodes in both substrates; being Φ1 = 0° and Φ2 = 180°, in one substrate, and Φ3 = 90° and Φ4 = 270°, in the other. Optical tunability is reached, for a constant phase shift, by varying the voltage amplitude of the signal. Figures 10(a), 10(b) and 10(c) show some interference patterns in XY plane for a fixed amplitude V1 = V2 = V3 = V4. The evolution of interference patterns, as amplitudes of some chosen electrodes increase, is shown in Figs. 10(d), 10(e) and 10(f). In Table 1 are described the conditions which are then shown in Fig. 10.
Fig. 10
The frequency remains constant, at 1 kHz, in all the experiments. This driving scheme generates the most interesting wavefronts identified in this work with respect to the tuning versatility and the potential application of the device. The device results in a 2 × 2 two-dimensional matrix of tunable rotationally symmetric prisms or axicons, that is, lenses featured by a conical surface. The simulations reveal a cone-type voltage that generates concentric fringes that can be controlled by Vpkpk at each electrode. Further, the focus point of each axicon can be tuned over the active area. The videos of Fig. 11 illustrate a specific example of the device control: the experimental interference patterns in Fig. 11(a), the 2D and 3D simulated optical phase shifts in Figs. 11(b) and 11(c). In this experiment, the electrical phase shifts (Φ1, Φ2, Φ3 and Φ4) and also the amplitudes in the external electrodes, V1 and V3, remain constant again, while the amplitudes in the central electrodes, V2 = V4, change. The sequence that V2 follows is: First, beginning with a voltage of 5 Vpkpk in each electrode and a maximum focus point (optical phase shift 12.9π) at the center of each sub-lens. Then, increasing V2, until 7.4 Vpkpk, that results in the focus moving toward the outside of the active area. And finally, decreasing V2, until 1 Vpkpk, that displaces the focus toward the center of the active area.
Fig. 11
The prospective applications of the LC device proposed for adaptive optics can be performed for converting a parallel laser beam into four rings so as to create a set of four non-diffractive Bessel beams or for focusing a parallel beam into four controllable long focus depths that can be electrically controlled.
The quantification of the optical quality of an axicon of the two-dimensional matrix could be analogously obtained as with the prism arrangement. Two planes, length and width, must be considered, instead of only the width plane. Once more, an ideal axicon could be achieved by optimizing the manufacturing techniques.
6. Conclusions
In summary, we have described a novel configurable and tunable modal LC array of optical elements and presented experimental and simulation results of its electrooptic behavior. The wavefront generation using this device can be improved by using multiphase shift control voltages. The application of smart driving complex signals with opposite electrical phase shifts between electrodes in one substrate has allowed us to simulate a configuration that works as a one-dimensional array of tunable LC prisms. In an advanced approach with a similar strategy applied in both substrates, a two-dimensional matrix of tunable LC axicons, configured from the proposed device, has also been demonstrated experimentally. The simulation program, specially developed for achieving distinctive configurations of the device, predicts the voltage distribution inside the LC layer. Simulation results can be extrapolated to 1D and 2D matrices of higher size. Additionally, driving controls based on non-regular patterns of tunable voltages, in each electrode, has been attempted and have to be further investigated. By limiting the device operation to the linear range of the LC birefringence characteristic has been identified as key point to reduce aberrations.
Authors acknowledge funding support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (grant no. TEC2009-13991-C02-01) and Comunidad de Madrid (grant no. FACTOTEM2 S2009/ESP/1781). This work was also funded by the Carlos III University (UC3M) under the Researchers Mobility Program.
We thank Alexander Naumov for first proposing the concept of a modal array.
References and links
1. Y. H. Lin and M. S. Chen, "A pico projection system with electrically tunable optical zoom ratio adopting two liquid crystal lenses," J. Disp. Technol. 8(7), 401–404 (2012). [CrossRef]
2. V. Urruchi, J. F. Algorri, J. M. Sánchez-Pena, M. A. Geday, X. Q. Arregui, and N. Bennis, "Lenticular arrays based on liquid crystals," Opto-Electron. Rev. 20(3), 260–266 (2012). [CrossRef]
3. A. F. Naumov, M. Yu. Loktev, I. R. Guralnik, and G. Vdovin, "Liquid-crystal adaptive lenses with modal control," Opt. Lett. 23(13), 992–994 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. V. Urruchi, J. F. Algorri, J. M. Sánchez-Pena, N. Bennis, M. A. Geday, and J. M. Otón, "Electrooptic characterization of tunable cylindrical liquid crystal lenses," Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 553(1), 211–219 (2012). [CrossRef]
5. G. V. Vdovin, I. R. Guralnik, S. P. Kotova, M. Y. Loktev, and A. F. Naumov, "Liquid-crystal lenses with a controlled focal length. I. Theory," Quantum Electron. 29(3), 256–260 (1999). [CrossRef]
6. A. F. Naumov, G. D. Love, M. Y. Loktev, and F. L. Vladimirov, "Control optimization of spherical modal liquid crystal lenses," Opt. Express 4(9), 344–352 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
7. A. K. Kirby, P. J. Hands, and G. D. Love, "Liquid crystal multi-mode lenses and axicons based on electronic phase shift control," Opt. Express 15(21), 13496–13501 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
8. N. Fraval and J. L. de la Tocnaye, "Low aberrations symmetrical adaptive modal liquid crystal lens with short focal lengths," Appl. Opt. 49(15), 2778–2783 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
9. S. P. Kotova, V. V. Patlan, and S. A. Samagin, "Tunable liquid-crystal focusing device. 2. Experiment," Quantum Electron. 41(1), 65–70 (2011). [CrossRef]
10. S. P. Kotova, V. V. Patlan, and S. A. Samagin, "Tunable liquid-crystal focusing device. 1. Theory," Quantum Electron. 41(1), 58–64 (2011). [CrossRef]


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Entertainment Photos
Best of the weekend: Superheroes, reptiles, cheerleaders, kids in giant bubbles and more of our favorite pics
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Dave Matthews performs at Gexa Energy Pavilion on Saturday, May 18, 2013.
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Description: Die schönsten Dip Dye's - Seite 4 - Mädchen.de-Forum
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HEINKE !!! .... was first to heart it
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Definition of Dadra and Nagar Haveli in English:
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
A Union Territory in western India, on the Arabian Sea; population 303,200 (est. 2009); capital, Silvassa.
For editors and proofreaders
Line breaks: Dadra and Nagar Ha¦veli
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text:
AMD Phenom II X4 955 Black Edition Processor
Validation Link: http://valid.canardpc.com/show_oc.php?id=627378
Today we aren't doing any overclocking. This is going to be done in a separate article dubbed Phenom II vs. Core i7 vs. Core 2 to determine just what makes for a better CPU.
Today's tests are to compare the CPU to the other processors on the market at stock levels.
Important Editor Note: Our maximum overclocking result is the best result we managed in our limited time of testing the motherboard. Due to time constraints we weren't able to tweak the motherboard to the absolute maximum and find the highest possible FSB, as this could take days to find properly. We do however spend at least a few hours overclocking every motherboard to try and find the highest possible overclock in that time frame. You may or may not be able to overclock higher if you spend more time tweaking, or as new BIOS updates are released. "Burn-in" time might also come into play if you believe in that.
PRICING: You can find products similar to this one for sale below.
United States: Find other tech and computer products like this over at Amazon's website.
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NCC Excellence Fund for Women's Golf
ONLINE | BY MAIL | CONTACT US | FAQs
Join our team! Vanderbilt Women's Golf needs you to play your part this season. With a gift to the NCC Excellence Fund for Women's Golf, you gain insider access to the program, and women's golf gains a competitive edge in recruiting and competing. You are the reason our student-athletes will excel. Support Vanderbilt Women's Golf today.
Vandy Golf Day
The NCC Excellence Fund is a separate giving option from Vandy Golf Day. Gifts to the NCC Excellence Fund for Women's Golf help the team to purchase additional training equipment, increase the travel budget and acquire other items needed to compete as champions. Vandy Golf Day information will be sent separately in the spring, and an additional gift is required to play in this annual golf tournament. For more Vandy Golf Day information, please call the NCC office at (615) 322-4114.
|2015-16 NCC Excellence Fund for Women's Golf Benefits
|Giving Levels
|$10,000 and above
|Tax Deductible
(to the extent allowed by law)
|NCC priority credit
|Autographed team photo
|Vanderbilt Golf hat
|Vanderbilt Golf balls
|Vanderbilt Golf polo
|Vanderbilt Golf headcover
|Dinner with team
|Vanderbilt Golf bag
|Team all-access experience
Support excellence
Our student-athletes devote time and energy to compete at the highest levels academically and athletically— Cindy Ha and Jennifer Hahn. Sophomore Ha earned SEC honors and made the 2015 First-Year Academic Honor Roll and All-Freshman Team. As a senior, Hahn is a rare combination of valuable leadership and outstanding play with an enviable 73.27 stroke average. Even more impressive, the team had the 15th-highest GPA in the country, proving that they're as committed to their studies as they are to their golf.
Frequently Asked Questions
If I make a gift to the NCC Excellence Fund for Women's Golf, will I be recognized as a National Commodore Club member?
Yes. All donors to any area of Vanderbilt Athletics are recognized as NCC members.
Will my gift to the NCC Excellence Fund for Women's Golf apply toward my NCC benefits?
No. You will receive NCC priority points, but you must make a separate gift to the NCC annual fund for priority seating and parking.
Will my gift to the NCC Excellence Fund for Women's Golf be a restricted or unrestricted gift?
A gift made directly to a specific sport's program is restricted. A restricted gift goes to an individual sport's "excellence" fund for projects outside its operating budget.


text:
- Report: #37766
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Citimortgage
CitimortgagePO Box 790011 St. Louis, Missouri U.S.A.
Citimortgage Citicorp Rip-off steals from customers extremely rude customer service St. Louis Missouri
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(side note: I have owned 4 other houses and in every one of them, after the 1st year escrow analysis, my monthly payment went down and I got a refund check.)
I got my escrow analysis and not only will I be not getting a refund, they increased my escrow $50.00 per month! They estimated a property tax/insurance increase of 1.5% (which amounts to a whopping $40.00/year). They use their 'bank' formula to say you must always have at least two months of reserves in escrow. Well, after paying a $1200+ tax payment, it may drop below that, but always will pick back up.
At the end of the year, they are holding over $1100.00 of my money (collecting interest of course).
They had no explanation as to why my escrow was fine with the previous bank while theirs has increased so much other than 'that's the way we always do it'.
This company could care less, and me as a consumer has no recourse other than to refinance (which would be no guarantee they wouldn't buy that loan as well!!).
STAY AWAY FROM CITIMORTGAGE if you can!!
Omaha, Nebraska
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 12/10/2002 11:03 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Citimortgage/St-Louis-Missouri-63179-0011/Citimortgage-Citicorp-Rip-off-steals-from-customers-extremely-rude-customer-service-St-Lo-37766. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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BENTONVILLE, Ark. — Brian Cornell has resigned as president and chief executive officer of Sam's Club, leading to a series of top-level changes at Wal-Mart-Stores, the chain's parent company. Cornell, a former Safeway executive credited for leading a strong sales rebound at Sam's, recently told the company that he and his wife would like to move back to the Northeast for family reasons, Wal-Mart said. With his departure, Rosalind G. Brewer, 49, will take over as ...
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Surveys Underscore Grim Outlook for Holidays
Two new retail surveys released today underscore that the holiday season is likely to be grim.
|Retailers may face a hard time luring gloomy consumers. (Getty Images)
ShopperTrak's Retail Traffic Index showed total U.S. traffic for October 2008 12.4% below the level a year earlier. Although sales for October were slightly higher with a gain of 0.7%, the pace is anemic and remains below the rate of inflation. So far, sales for November are 2.2% lower than a year ago.
"It seems very apparent that the current economic landscape added to consumers staying home to concentrate their energies on the recent election negatively impacted retail foot traffic in October," said Bill Martin, co-founder of ShopperTrak.
Meanwhile, 40.1% of consumers interviewed in the first America's Research Group/UBS Christmas Survey said they will spend less this year than last and 35.3% said they will buy fewer gifts. These were the highest levels seen in eight years.
ARG Chief Executive C. Britt Beemer predicted that retail sales will be down 1% compared to last year, his first negative prediction in 23 years of conducting Christmas surveys. "This year looks so bad," he said, "that even normally good signs for retail sales, such as more Americans staying home this Christmas, can't save the season for retailers."
As consumers cut back there might be a silver lining for discount stores, as 65.8% said they plan to shop there and 33.7% plan to give their business to membership warehouse clubs. Wal-Mart could be a big winner. Some 92.9% of consumers said they expect to shop there this Christmas, up from 85.3% last year.
There was bad news for e-commerce merchants, as only 22.3% of respondents expect to buy online versus 30.2% who bought there last year.
Indicating the deepening concerns about the broader economy, 46.3% of consumers say they will buy fewer gift cards because they fear that stores could go into bankruptcy and not honor the cards. –Phil Izzo


text: Everyone has had their moments of courage, when they stood up for what they knew was right or when they bucked the tide. Sometimes being brave is just a matter of overcoming long-held positions; it can take guts to do or say something you know won't be popular. Sometimes it takes courage to say things when you fear the repercussions. Here's my list of the eight bravest things I ever said:


text:
Atlanta Psychological Services
Main Navigation
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Emily Garai, Ph.D.
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Atlanta Psychological Services is a comprehensive mental health practice staffed with experienced, attentive providers, each individually licensed in the State of Georgia. We offer caring, collaborative, and confidential services to clients of all ages while providing the best in customer service, fast appointment times, and fast report delivery. In addition to self-pay clients, our providers are on variety of insurance panels. A limited number of sliding-scale therapy appointments are available.
Convenient North Atlanta location
: Just off I-285 at the N. Peachtree exit.
We are 3 miles west of Spaghetti Junction (I-85), and 3 miles east of GA 400.
Atlanta Psychological Services
2308 Perimeter Park Drive, Suite 100
Atlanta, GA 30341
Tel: 770-457-5577
Fax: 770-457-5599
Content copyright


text:
- Report: #809937
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: TCF Bank
TCF Bank3857 East Grand River, Howell, MI Howell, Michigan United States of America
TCF Bank Howell Office Excessive Fees allowed TCF to Steal my money Howell, Michigan
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So I said I'd like to close the account. They refused to allow it (so of course the fees will continue to rack up) unless I paid their hostage fee. I have another account with them for my business and they refused to give me money in that account as well - holding it hostage. The account would not have even gone negative except for the fact they invented new fees without notice! So essentially they stole money from both of my accounts to pay their excessive $429.95 fees because I only had $1 in the account until my direct depost is deposited - and by the time it's deposited, there will be nothing to deposit because they will have stolen it all. Strongly recommend you don't use this bank!!!
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 12/15/2011 02:34 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/TCF-Bank/Howell-Michigan-48843/TCF-Bank-Howell-Office-Excessive-Fees-allowed-TCF-to-Steal-my-money-Howell-Michigan-809937. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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text:
Renovating & Refreshing!
We're improving InTown Suites - from our logo, to our website, to our rooms - things are changing! The updates include significant property renovations, brand enhancements and even better customer service!
Great news! We're renovated this location to serve you even better. This renovation includes many upgrades to guest rooms, common areas and the exterior. Now our northeast Dallas extended stay has updraded amenities so you can feel even more at home. Each furnished apartment includes a compelte kicthen, super fast WI-Fi, dining area, microwave, two burner stove and more. Plus, we offer on-site guest laundry and are close to area employers, shopping and dining.
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InTown Suites is the alternative to extended stay hotels and short-term housing. We offer more than 189 locations in 22 states and are growing to serve you even better. And, with our "no lease and no credit check" policy, guests can easily move in, stay as long as they need, and be free to move when they are ready.
Each guest room is like a studio apartment with everything you need to stay a week, a month, a year or longer. Our Northeast Dallas temporary housing location offers:
From I-635 East: Take Exit 17 (Forest Lane/Abrams Street). Travel south on Abrams Street. At the first light, make a right onto Forest Lane. Our InTown Suites Dallas Northeast property will be located on the right next to Williams Chicken.
Get out and explore everything that Northeast Dallas has to offer. Explore the shops at the North Park Central Mall or spend a quiet afternoon exploring the Museum of Nature and Science. If you've got a free Saturday, head on over to the Adventure Landing Amusement Park. If you're in Northeast Dallas, make sure to visit the John. F. Kennedy Memorial Plaza, a monument celebrating the life of the former president, near the location where he was assassinated. If you are in town for business purposes, there's a good chance you work for Texas Instruments as the headquarters is located in Dallas.
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We're improving InTown Suites - from our logo, to our website, to our rooms - things are changing! The updates include significant property renovations, brand enhancements and even better customer service!


text:
iHerb Customer Reviews
Savings of: $0.80 (20% off)
Sorry, this product is no longer in stock.
My favourite tea
Posted by 5168173154723871072 on Mar 13, 2015
This is my favourite mint tea of all time. It's delicate and really refreshing - my fav pick-me-up drink mid-afternoon at work.
it's good :)
Posted by 4906225783479253446 on Apr 05, 2015
Love it! Just the right blend of mint with spearmint. doesn't taste like toothpaste at all. It's really good, at least to me :)
Posted by 4830767391268982508 on Feb 16, 2015
mint lovers will love it)
good tea.
Posted by 4953209479533855644 on Mar 12, 2016
Refreshing and tasty tee, if you like peppermint
Posted by 4863383219768591491 on Mar 27, 2016
Great taste
Posted by 5704781674087423233 on Mar 01, 2015
En god grønn te med smak av mint. For min del kunne godt mintsmaken vært noe sterkere, men absolutt en god te.
Quite strong ...
Posted by Reviewer1905589 on Nov 23, 2015
Actually I liked it but I found the taste kind of strong. Actually it is really concentrated: you feel more the green tea than the mint. But it was good anyway
Posted by 5650395740733289552 on Mar 14, 2014
Good... but
Posted by 5622726755157962191 on Mar 14, 2014
Good... but I find Stash Cascade Mint better.
Refreshing and nice
Posted by Reviewer3186500 on Feb 22, 2014
Very good taste, fresh minted, and relaxing effect. I love for summer.


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Thanks for the great plugin. It is working flawlessly on all of my sites. I haven't studied this problem in depth yet so If I missed something forgive me.
I use the WordPress android app a good bit on a tablet. I noticed after loading and enabling the Stealth Login Page plugin I can't login in using the app. I will look into it more and if I find a fix I will post it. Until then thanks for any help you can provide.


text:
Scleroderma Center - Harrisonburg, VA
- WebMD Physician Directory of Harrisonburg Rheumatologist Doctors
- Related Scleroderma Articles
- Harrisonburg Emergency Contacts
- Nearby Harrisonburg Hospitals
- Find a Local Pharmacy on RxList - Harrisonburg
Harrisonburg Rheumatologist Doctors for Scleroderma
Type of Physician: Rheumatologist
What is a Rheumatologist? A subspecialty certification by the Board of Internal Medicine; practitioners treat diseases of the joints, muscles, bones, and tendons. The rheumatologist diagnoses and treats arthritis, back pain, muscle strains, common athletic injuries, etc. The rheumatologist may work closely with other specialists such as orthopaedic surgeons and physical therapists.
Specialty: Rheumatology
Common Name:
Rheumatologist Doctors in Harrisonburg * results
- 2
Donald L. Kimpel
University Physicians Rheumatology
415 Ray C Hunt Dr Ste 2100
Charlottesville, VA 22903
(434) 924-5214
- 29 years experience
- 1 office location(s)
- 3
Janet E. Lewis
University Physicians Rheumatology
415 Ray C Hunt Dr Ste 2100
Charlottesville, VA 22903
(434) 924-5214
- 28 years experience
- 1 office location(s)
- 4
Tracy Robinson
Rockingham Memorial Hospital Medical Group
2006 Health Campus Dr Fl 3
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
(540) 689-5700
- 2 office location(s)
- 5
Don Martin
Rockingham Memorial Hospital Medical Specialty Group
2006 Health Campus Dr
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
(540) 689-5500
- 1 office location(s)
- 6
Jeffrey A. Potter
University Physicians Rheumatology
415 Ray C Hunt Dr Ste 2100
Charlottesville, VA 22903
(434) 924-5214
- 1 office location(s)
- 7
Matthew S. Hogenmiller
Augusta Health Rheumatology
70 Medical Center Cir Ste 201
Fishersville, VA 22939
(540) 221-7170
- 1 office location(s)
- 8
Gregory S. Pudhorodsky
UVA Rheumatology Pantops
650 Peter Jefferson Pkwy Ste 190
Charlottesville, VA 22911
(434) 296-6161
- 1 office location(s)
- 9
Ann K. Henry
Ann K Henry MD
920 Shenandoah Village Dr Ste 121
Waynesboro, VA 22980
(540) 943-2833
- 1 office location(s)
- 10
Martha L. Barnett
UVA Rheumatology Pantops
650 Peter Jefferson Pkwy Ste 190
Charlottesville, VA 22911
(434) 296-6161
- 1 office location(s)
- 11
Keith A. Frick
UVA Rheumatology Pantops
650 Peter Jefferson Pkwy Ste 190
Charlottesville, VA 22911
(434) 296-6161
- 1 office location(s)
Don't see your city? Use the WebMD Physician Directory to expand your search.
Scleroderma facts
- Scleroderma is a disease of the connective tissue featuring skin thickening that can involve scarring, blood vessel problems, varying degrees of inflammation, and is associated with an overactive immune system. ...
Other Related Scleroderma Articles
Emergency Contact for Harrisonburg
- In case of Emergency, call 911
Nearby Harrisonburg Hospitals results
- 1Rockingham Memorial Hospital
2010 Health Campus Dr
Harrisonburg, Virginia 22801
(540) 433-410
- 2Commonwealth Center
1355 Richmond Ave
Harrisonburg, Virginia 24401
(540) 332-210
- 3Western State Hospital
1301 Richmond Ave
Harrisonburg, Virginia 24401
(540) 332-800
- 4Woodrow Wilson Rehabilitation
243 Woodrow Wilson Ave
Harrisonburg, Virginia 22939
(540) 332-700
- 5Augusta Health
78 Medical Center Dr
Harrisonburg, Virginia 22939
(540) 932-400
- 6Page Memorial Hospital
200 Memorial Dr
Harrisonburg, Virginia 22835
(540) 743-456
- 7Kluge Children's Rehab Center
2270 Ivy Rd
Harrisonburg, Virginia 22903
(434) 924-516
- 8Healthsouth Rehabilitation Hosp
515 Ray C Hunt Dr
Harrisonburg, Virginia 22903
(434) 244-200
- 9University Of Virginia Med Ctr
1215 Lee St
Harrisonburg, Virginia 22908
(434) 924-000
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text:
Tanking on NPD as well, let's hope SODA doesn't mirror the trading action.
The probe down this morning on SODA to the 59.40 level gives us a close enough retest of yesterdays 59.20 low to turn my SODA trading model to a buy assuming we close up on the day Nasty 3 day correction, eh?
Yes, was nasty certainly.


text:
GOTTSCHALKS REVISES EARNINGS: Gottschalks Inc. late Friday released its audited fourth-quarter and full year financial results, which showed that its losses for both periods ended Feb. 1 were about $400,0000 deeper than the company had reported in its initial March earnings statement. According to Friday's statement, the net loss for the fourth quarter was $4.6 million, or 36 cents a share, and the loss for the year was $12 million, or 94 cents a share. In March, the retailer reported an unaudited fourth-quarter loss of $4.2 million, 33 cents a share, and an annual loss of $11.6 million, or 91 cents a share. The Fresno, Calif.-based retailer did not explain the reason for the discrepancy and company officials did not respond to phone calls Sunday. The company's audited 10-K filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission showed that costs of sales for the year were an audited $457.1 million, higher than the unaudited report of $456.5 million.
This story first appeared in the May 5, 2003 issue of WWD. Subscribe Today.
ARMAND MARCIANO EXITS GUESS: Armand Marciano, one of the brothers who founded and ran the Los Angeles-based jeans company Guess Inc. for two decades, resigned from the company Friday. The 58-year-old senior executive vice president and assistant secretary had been on medical leave since November. Marciano holds an 11.7 percent stake in Guess, and as reported, has registered to sell off his holdings. His brothers, Maurice and Paul, continue to serve as co-chairmen and co-chief executives. A fourth brother, Georges, is no longer associated with the company.


text:
Only hotels in 38628 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Sledge, MS for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 38628 hotels and motels so you can review the Sledge hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Quitman county and area code 662 are also listed.
Enter your stay dates and any discounts you qualify for to see 38628 rates found only on HotelPlanner!
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text:
- Report: #1040929
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Payday Support Center
Payday Support Center1216 Azalea Road Mobile, Alabama United States of America
Payday Support Center Payday Support Center is a Scam Mobile, Alabama
*UPDATE Employee: We are very concerned.
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I was desperate and had no other option than to take out payday loans with high fees. I could not afford to keep paying them so I signed up with Payday Support Center from Mobile, AL. I signed up over the internet and a representative name Samantha Hamlin called me to go over the details. She was very nice, understanding and compassionate. I was in tears of joy when she told me how they were going to help me pay off the loans. I thanked her for helping me and helping me find a way to get out from under these loans.
I paid $298.95 upfront and my payment was going to be $335.00 every two weeks. This may seem like a lot but it was less than I was paying for each loan and this time I could actually see an end in sight, or so I thought. This process began on February 13, 2013 with the down payment and my first loan payment was on March 6, 2013.
I started receiving collection calls from the lenders. Then I started receiving calls threatening check fraud, judgments, jail etc. I was assured over and over from Samantha and other Payday Support Center staff that this was only scare tactics lenders use. I called around March 20, 2013 and the very rude representative told me I was only paying for verification of the loans and this process could take 90-120 days. In one week I probably received over 40 calls from lenders with threats. I e-mailed my contact Samantha on Friday, March 29 and to date I haven't received a response. I put a stop payment on future payments from PSC until I receive a response and an update about my account. A guy named Matthew called me Wednesday April 3 and asked if the calls had stopped because a cease and desist was sent on March 11. No, the calls have not stopped. Also on Wednesday I received an e-mail from someone named Chad McDonald because my payment didn't process. I e-mailed him back the same day and told him until I receive an update and a statement showing the payments made to lenders, I will not pay. Again, no response. Today, Friday April 5, I e-mailed Chad and Samantha and told them I needed a refund of the $633.95 I paid or I would file a complaint with the BBB and I would also post on this site. No response. I did however find a complaint on the BBB that another victim posted about how PSC is only a verification service and they will not make payments to lenders. Why would you pay a verification company?
Do not sign up with this company and if have already, stop all future payments.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 04/05/2013 09:02 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Payday-Support-Center/Mobile-Alabama-36693/Payday-Support-Center-Payday-Support-Center-is-a-Scam-Mobile-Alabama-1040929. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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#1 UPDATE Employee
We are very concerned.
AUTHOR: Payday Support Center Representativ - ()
SUBMITTED: Monday, April 29, 2013POSTED: Monday, April 29, 2013
learned of this complaint against our company. Out of tens of thousands
of clients we have very few complaints and an extremely high
satisfaction rate in assisting people in the payday loan trap they are
in. It is a vicious cycle that can cause a lot of fear and emotions. We
understand that and would welcome the opportunity to resolve any issues
you have (with our program or with the payday companies themselves)
along with anyone else enrolled in our program. I am very troubled to
hear your allegations, but I can assure you that our program DOES work
and the majority of clients are extremely satisfied. Paying $1000's of
dollars in interest (often over 600% APR when mortgages are less than 4%
APR) is no way to live and our program will assist you if you are ready
and follow our recommendations.
If we have dropped the ball for you, please contact us directly so
that we can resolve the situation for you and make it right. We do not
want unsatisfied customers. Please contact us directly at 800-379-6148
and ask for a supervisor. We are here for you and will do anything in
our power to resolve any issues that clients have with our business.
Thank you for your time.
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text:
Definition of De Forest, Lee in English:
De Forest, Lee
(1873–1961), US physicist and electrical engineer. He designed a triode valve that was crucial to the development of radio communication, television, and computers. De Forest successfully transmitted a live broadcast in 1910.
For editors and proofreaders
Syllabification: De For·est, Lee
Definition of De Forest, Lee in:
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text:
The Type 89 prototype was proved in 1931 and adopted for service use on 6 February 1932.
The Japanese considered the Type 89 to be a good AAA weapon and it had a fast rate of fire and good elevation and training speeds especially on the later Mods. Its primary shortcoming was a relatively low muzzle velocity and thus a short range and low AA ceiling. Used a spring rammer cocked by the recoil, similar to other Japanese AAA weapons.
These weapons were of simple construction with autofretted monobloc barrels and breech rings and used horizontal sliding breech-blocks. Total production of Type 89 guns amounted to 1,306 guns, with 836 being manufactured between 1941 and 1945. Of these, 362 were mounted ashore, including 96 in the Yokosuka area and 54 in the Kure area.
Unless otherwise specified, the data that follows is for the Type 89.
12.7 cm/40 (5") twin mounts on battleship
| .
|12.7 cm/40 (5") Type 88 (Model 1928)
12.7 cm/40 (5") Type 89 (Model 1929)
|Ship Class Used On
|Type 88: Submarines I.5 and I.6
Type 89: Almost all Japanese capital ships, aircraft carriers, heavy cruisers, Matsu and Tachibana class escorts
|Date Of Design
|1928 / 1929
|Date In Service
|Gun Weight
|3.05 tons (3.1 mt)
|Gun Length oa
|208 in (5.284 m)
|Bore Length
|200 in (5.080 m)
|Rifling Length
|175 in (4.450 m)
|(36) 0.060 in deep x 0.261 in (1.52 mm x 6.63 mm)
|0.175 in (4.45 mm)
|Uniform RH 1 in 28
|Chamber Volume
|549 in3 (9.0 dm3)
|Rate Of Fire
|Type 88: 8 rounds per minute
Type 89: 14 rounds per minute initially, 8 rounds per minute sustained
|Weight of Complete Round
|Common Type 0 HE - 75.7 lbs. (34.32 kg)
Common Type 3 IS - 77.2 lbs. (35 kg)
Illum - 75.7 lbs. (34.32 kg)
|Projectile Types and Weights
(see Note 1)
|Common Type 0 HE - 51.7 lbs. (23.45 kg)
Common Type 3 IS - 50.7 lbs. (23.0 kg)
ASW - 46.2 lbs. (20.9 kg)
Illum - 51.7 lbs. (23.45 kg)
|Bursting Charge
|Common Type 0 HE - 4.2 lbs. (1.88 kg)
ASW - 8.78 lbs. (4.0 kg)
|Projectile Length
|Common Type 0 HE - 17.2 in (43.7 cm)
Common Type 3 IS - 17.2 in (43.7 cm)
ASW - 17.2 in (43.7 cm)
|Complete Round Length
|38.2 in (97.1 cm)
|Cartridge Case Type, Size and Empty Weight
|Brass, 127 x 583 mm, about 15.23 lbs. (6.9 kg)
|Propellant Charge
|8.77 lbs. (3.98 kg) 21 DC
Cartridge - 26.3 lbs. (12 kg)
|Muzzle Velocity
|Common Type 0 HE - 2,360 - 2,379 fps (700
- 725 mps)
Common Type 3 IS - 2,360 - 2,379 fps (700 - 725 mps)
ASW - 820 fps (250 mps)
Illum - 2,362 fps (720 mps)
|Working Pressure
|16 tons/in2 (2,500 kg/cm2)
|Approximate Barrel Life
|800 - 1500 rounds
|Ammunition stowage per gun
|Yamato class: 300 rounds
Cruisers with 4 guns: 250 rounds
Cruisers with 8 guns: 200 rounds
Others: N/A
1) IS is my abbreviation for the incendiary shrapnel round (sankaidan) intended for AA use.
2) The flat-nosed ASW projectile was issued in 1943 following extensive testing. This is listed in US Naval Technical Mission to Japan report O-19 as being able to penetrate a 9.85 in (25 cm) plate of Ducol Steel (roughly equivalent to USN HTS) at a depth of 26 feet (8 meters). Range for this performance is not given. However, based upon other errors in this document, I would believe this to be an error in metric to english unit conversion and that the actual performance would more likely be 0.985 in (2.5 cm). ASW may have been issued only to escorts.
3) Illumination rounds were rated at 680,000 candle power and had a maximum range of 15,910 yards (14,550 m) and an effective range of 8,750 yards (8,000 m).
4) Common Type 0 HE had a time fuze and was considered to have an 62.7 foot (18.8 m) effective radius of destruction.
|With 50.7 lbs. (23 kg) IS Shell
|Range @ 45 degrees
|16,185 yards (14,800 m)
|AA Ceiling @ 75 degrees
|30,840 feet (9,400 m)
|With 46.2 lbs. (22.0 kg) ASW Shell
|Range @ 40 degrees
|4,700 yards (4,300 m)
|Note: Minimum range of ASW shell is given as 875 yards (800 m). Ranges less than this tended to ricochet.
(see Notes 1, 4, 5 and 6)
|Type 88 Single Mounting
I.6 (1): A mod 1
Type 89 Twin Mounts
Type 89 Single Mount
|Type 88
A and A mod 1: 8.7 tons (8.8 mt)
Type 89:
|Type 88: - 7 / +75 degrees
Type 89: -7 / +90 degrees (one source says -8 / +85 degrees)
|Elevation Rate
|Type 88
Manual operation, only.
Type 89
|Amidships Mounts: About -70 / +70
Bow and Stern Mounts: About -150 / +150 degrees
|Train Rate
|Type 88
Manual operation, only.
Type 89
|Gun recoil
|17.75 in (45.0 cm)
|Loading Angle
1) Single mountings were manually operated. All twin mountings were to a generally similar design and used electrically driven oil hydraulic gear for both training and elevation. A loading platform was attached to the rear of the cradle as the trunnions were 98 inches (249 cm) above the roller path. The A1 mount was unshielded. The A1 Mod 1 added a shield, while the shield for the A1 Mod 2 had a slightly different shape and the A1 Mod 3 had a thicker shield. The B1 mounting had no shield but did have a more powerful electric training motor, giving it faster elevation and training speeds.
2) Ramming was via a spring-powered mechanism that was cocked by the recoil force when the gun fired. Fuze-setting machines were fixed to the breech faces of the guns. Most ships had one or two hoists per twin mounting.
3) The submarine mountings were supplied ammunition via pneumatic hoists. Twin mountings on surface ships usually had one or two hoists per mounting, but these were not always located near the guns. For example, the carrier Katsuragi (Unryu class) had one electrical dredger hoist that was located 32 meters (105 feet) and two bulkheads away from the mounting it served.
4) Older battleships of the Kongô, Fuso, Ise and Nagato classes had their 8 cm (3") 41st Year Type and 3rd Year Type AA guns removed during their 1930s rebuilds and replaced with the new 12.7 cm/40 (5") Type 89 in four twin mounts. Kongô and Haruna had two additional twin mountings added in 1944. Ise and Hyuga were given four additional twin mountings in 1943 when they were converted to hybrid carriers. Yamato and Musashi had their two amidships 15.5 cm/60 (6.1") triple mountings removed in 1944 and Yamato was then given six additional 12.7 cm/40 twin mountings in their place, giving her a total of twenty-four 12.7 cm/40 (5") guns. Musashi was also to receive six additional twin mountings, but these were not available prior to her loss.
5) The Japanese plan for those older cruisers equipped with 12 cm/45 (4.7") 10th Year Type secondaries was to rearm them with 12.7 cm/40 (5") Type 89 guns during their 1930s rebuilds. However, this program was only partially completed prior to the start of the Pacific War. It proved impossible to find the weight and space to mount these heavier and larger weapons on the Furutaka and Aoba classes and they retained their four 12 cm/45 guns throughout the rest of their service careers. All four cruisers of the Myôkô class had their six single 4.7 cm/45 guns replaced with four 12.7 cm/40 Type 89 twin mountings during refits in 1934 - 1935. For the Takao class, cruisers Atago and Takao were rearmed with four 12.7 cm/40 twin mountings in 1942. Following damage at Rabul on 5 November 1943 by aircraft from USS Saratoga (CV-3), Maya was sent back to Japan and then converted into an AA cruiser. Her No. 3 turret and all 12 cm/45 AA guns were removed and she was then armed with eight 20 cm (8.0") No. 2 guns and twelve 12.7 cm/40 (5.0") AA guns along with thirty-five 25 mm and thirty-six 13 mm MGs. It had been planned to similarly convert sister-ship Chokai, but this was not carried out and Chokai retained her four 12 cm/45 guns throughout her career. Newer large cruisers starting with the Mogami class were armed with four twin 12.7 cm/40 Type 89 mountings as completed.
6) The three submarine depot ships of the Taigei and Tsurugizaki classes and the two seaplane tenders of the Chiyoda class were originally armed with two twin 12.7 cm/40 (5") mountings as completed. All five of these ships were rearmed with four twin 12.7 cm/40 (5") mountings when they were converted to aircraft carriers during the war.
03 December 2008 - Benchmark
12 March 2011 - Added gun mounting information
18 December 2011 - Added information for minor Japanese warships
16 July 2015 - Added to notes regarding battleship and cruiser rebuilds
27 August 2015 - Added additional pictures datapage


text: Chestnut Hill Chestnut Hill About Us Donate Events For Parents and Campers Get Involved Make The Magic Meet The Team Stay Connected With Our Chapter! Welcome to Camp Kesem Chestnut Hill!After such an amazing week last summer we are so excited to make our second year of camp bigger and better! Check out our blog from camp last year to see what Camp Kesem Chestnut Hill looks like- https://campkesemchestnuthill2015.wordpress.com AnnouncementsEarly bird applications go live on December 15, 2015! Don't wait to apply - this years camp will be even bigger and better than the last.Our regular application goes live on January 15, 2016! We are so excited to welcome new campers to our family! "My kids were so happy with the camp and their experience, it brought me to tears. Has to be in their top 10 of best life experiences" - Camper Parent. The families we serve are all so deserving. Help us bring this opportunity to more families like this one and visit our Donation page. Contact Us: firstname.lastname@example.com | 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467


text:
Discussion slated on electric vehiclesJanuary 28,2014Staff Report
Professor Steven Letendre of Green Mountain College will discuss the environmental and economic effects of electric vehicles on Vermont, at 5:30 p.m. Wednesday at Green Mountain Power's Energy Innovation Center.
According to Letendre, the electrification of Vermont's vehicle fleet presents a historic opportunity to decrease dependence on imported fuels. In his talk, he will explore questions about the ability of the electric grid to charge the new vehicles, and the connection between electric vehicles and renewable sources of energy such as wind and solar. Letendre is a professor of economics and environmental studies at Green Mountain College and is the director of the degree program in ecological design and renewable energy.
The talk is part of GMP's College Lecture Series, which stemmed from an agreement between GMP and the four colleges in Rutland County. The presentations will explore a variety of energy issues, including the science of energy, renewable power, financial concerns and the psychology of energy use. GMP's Energy Innovation Center is on Merchants Row in downtown Rutland.MORE IN This Just InBENNINGTON A Sandgate man with a previous conviction for a sex crime against a child in New... Full StoryThousands of Vermonters will have the chance to get their drivers licenses back starting Thursday. Full StoryA Castleton man, who police said has had several incidents at Fowler Services, denied striking... Full Story
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text:
Definition of concours in English:
(also concours d'élégance /dālāˈɡäNs/)
noun (plural same)
An exhibition or contest, especially a parade of vintage or classic motor vehicles in which prizes are awarded for those in the best original condition.
Example sentences
- A number of the ever-popular MGBs will come under the hammer, including a concours 1973 Roadster (estimate: £7,500 - £8,500) and a 1974 'chrome bumper'
- But unless you are in high school, or at a tailgate party before a football game, or at a classic car concours d' elegance, parking lots are not the kind of place you want to hang around.
- And what sort of landowner would refuse to play host to a concours d' élégance at which owners of magnificent chariots - Lagondas, Delages, Rolls-Royces - could admire each other's turnout?
Mid 20th century: French, literally 'contest (of elegance)'.
For editors and proofreaders
Syllabification: con·cours
Definition of concours in:
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text:
Konkona and Ranvir to get married today
The marriage is kept a secret affair and very less people know about it. The wedding is taking place at their residence in Goregaon. Konkona and Ranvir's affair life was also always under cover and both the actors preferred not to talk about their personal life. Very close friends are invited for the wedding. The actors plan to disclose the news only after their marriage. Reportedly Konkona's mother Aparna Sen is in the town and the wedding is all set.
Ranvir's The Film Emotional Atyachar is also releasing today. We hope his film turn out to be a good watch and wish them a happy married life.


text:
- Report: #1009928
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Hotwire.com
Hotwire.comInternet United States of America
Hotwire.com HOTWIRE SUCKS!!!!! Internet
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I called Hotwire to inquire, and after explaining everything to my customer service woman, she deliberately hung up on me. I called back, and the man I got said that I received a $.17 discount so there was nothing they could do about it. ARE YOU KIDDING ME!?!
Hotwire is awful and I hope they know I won't be falling for their schemes any longer and will definitely make sure all my friends and family do the same. Awful customer service and awful 'deals.' Just unbelieveable. I will be going to Orbitz from now on.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 02/06/2013 02:16 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Hotwirecom/internet/Hotwirecom-HOTWIRE-SUCKS-Internet-1009928. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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text:
Vt. gets federal aid for flood damageJuly 27,2013The U.S. Department of Transportation is providing Vermont $1 million to help the state pay to repair damage from a series of unprecedented spring and summer floods that damaged roads across the state.
The Federal Highway Administrations Emergency Relief Program provides funds for the repair or reconstruction of some federal roads and bridges damaged by natural disasters or catastrophic events.
The three members of Vermonts congressional delegation praised the decision.
This is a much-needed infusion of federal funds to help towns throughout Vermont repair roads washed out by several storms this year, said a statement by U.S. Sens. Patrick Leahy and Bernard Sanders and U.S. Rep. Peter Welch.
A presidential disaster declaration already has been issued for flooding in Chittenden, Washington and Essex counties between May 22 and May 26. The declaration means the state will be entitled to federal help recovering from those events.
State officials are hoping another declaration will be issued for more recent flooding.
The storms began in May and lasted until early July. There were about 30 separate road segments closed by storm damage.
Significant damage was reported in nine counties.MORE IN This Just InBENNINGTON A Sandgate man with a previous conviction for a sex crime against a child in New... Full StoryThousands of Vermonters will have the chance to get their drivers licenses back starting Thursday. Full StoryA Castleton man, who police said has had several incidents at Fowler Services, denied striking... Full Story
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text:
Uneasy Renaissance on Harlem's Street of Dreams
By KIRK JOHNSON
Published: March 1, 1998
On 125th Street in Harlem, where the stories and myths and frustrations of black urban America resonate with every step, a new economy is coming.
But Calvin T. Copeland will not be there to greet it. Mr. Copeland, whose restaurant on 145th Street, Copeland's, has been a Harlem institution since 1970, expanded onto 125th Street two years ago, aiming to catch the street's long-promised boom. But the new restaurant failed, driven out after only a year by rents that Mr. Copeland said had climbed beyond what his business could support.
His 125th Street storefront, for which he was paying $22,000 a month, is now being renovated for a Metropolitan Life Insurance office.
''I would never go back,'' Mr. Copeland said of the street celebrated as Harlem's Park Avenue, Broadway and Main Street rolled into one. ''It hurt me and messed me up so bad, I wouldn't want to be part of it -- I'd rather go someplace else, anyplace else.''
Harlem's street of dreams is breaking a lot of hearts these days. Even as projects like Harlem USA, a mall that will include the area's first Gap and Disney stores, prepare to begin construction this spring, older businesses say they are struggling.
''It's not for us; it's no longer for us,'' said Isis, the owner of Isis & Associates, a retailer of African-American books, greeting cards and gifts, who said that sales at her 12-year-old business had dropped 90 percent in the last two years. ''We've held the fort, we created the market, and now other people are going to come in and reap the benefits.''
At the moment, 125th Street stands poised between depression and boom -- signs of both are everywhere. New food, clothing and music stores have opened, and the magical name of Disney, in particular, is encouraging other retailers and entertainment companies to announce ambitious plans.
But unlike Times Square -- another long-neglected corner of New York that is being redeveloped -- 125th Street is also the center of a community where divisive issues of race and history swirl alongside the new opportunities. And the thousands of tourists who are expected to arrive in buses for shopping stops in Harlem are not here yet.
Established businesses say they are being driven out by rising rents and by a sharp drop in pedestrian traffic that followed the city's removal of hundreds of street vendors two and a half years ago. The arrival of chain stores like Duane Reade and Rite Aid has also cut into the sales of smaller shops.
In a place where politics and economics are deeply intertwined, these changes are fueling debate about 125th Street's future, the nature of capitalism and the role of government.
Some business owners say, for example, that they believe that the clearing out of small minority-owned businesses is not incidental but deliberate. The 125th Street that was both an economic and cultural icon for blacks is being transformed, they say, into a center of mainstream youth-culture merchandising: music, clothes and entertainment set in a kind of hipper Times Square in which black culture will be only part of the marketing package.
To these critics, the changes spark deep ambivalence -- echoing the renaissance of the 1920's, when white-owned clubs exploited the Harlem mystique for their white audiences.
''In the first renaissance we were allowed to be entertainers and we were allowed to be in the service industry,'' said Lloyd Williams, the president of the Greater Harlem Chamber of Commerce. ''In the second renaissance we are allowed to be entertainers and in the service industry and consumers, but I don't see us being allowed to own, being allowed to determine which direction we want to go in and being a part of the plan.''
Economic development officials in Harlem, led by the 125th Street Business Improvement District and the Upper Manhattan Empowerment Zone, an 18-month-old Federal business-loan program, admit that the new Harlem will take its toll.
But rather than seeing a conspiracy, they attribute such failures to the chaotic energy of capitalism, from which they say Harlem has been shielded by poverty and by government support programs.
The large numbers of vacant properties, the officials say, are similarly a holdover from the decades in which mostly absentee landlords let properties sit unattended. One building on the street suffered a disastrous fire more than two years ago, for example, and the owner has yet to respond, either to fix the building or sell it to one of the many potential buyers who have called the Business Improvement District to inquire.
The president and chief executive of the empowerment zone, Deborah C. Wright, said that some of the concerns about the evolving economy of 125th Street are perhaps justified in the eyes of the community.
But the fact is, she said, capitalism has no plan, except to go where money can be made. It is up to the businesses here, she said, to figure out how to join that new competitive era and exploit it for themselves. The empowerment zone gives loans, not grants, and requires a business plan and a repayment schedule.