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Donald Limon's working life was spent in the service of the House of Commons – and insisting on the most rigorous standards of parliamentary democracy and a proper and orderly conduct of public business. From 1994 until 1997 he took his place on the list of extremely talented, widely cultured, interesting men – all men – who have held the centuries-old position of Clerk of the House of Commons.
He was the son of Arthur Limon, borough treasurer of West Hartlepool. He went to Durham Cathedral Choristers School, and his lifelong friend Alan Oyston recalled the debt he and Limon owed to the two teachers at this 24-boy school, Tommy Barton and Canon HY Ganderton. Limon lost no opportunity in expressing his debt to Barton, who had no teaching qualifications but was an inspirational musical influence.
At Durham School he took a great interest in Gilbert and Sullivan, and would quote from their operas to MPs with a po-faced twinkle. Choral music was also a lifelong passion. Years later, as a member of a finance bill standing committee examining the Budget, I asked Limon if I could see him about a number of amendments I was proposing on a Monday evening.
"On Monday evenings I cannot see you as I have a three-line whip," he replied. I knitted my eyebrows: "MPs have three-line whips but Clerks don't," I said. "Oh," he replied, "But I do. From David Wilcocks." Limon was a stalwart member of the London Bach Choir, and Sir David Wilcocks, now 93, told me, "I was very happy with all the members of the London Bach Choir. I never had a row with any of them, nor cause to get rid of a single one."
Limon was the instigator of many of the musical occasions on which MPs and House of Commons staff participated. He was also a cricket fanatic and a stalwart in later years of Somerset CCC, helping to coach young boys.
My first encounter with him was when he was emergency Clerk of the Public Accounts Committee in 1963. I was vexed about press treatment of one of the committee's reports. "I commend to you the attitude of Lord Attlee," he replied. "When his press secretary Francis Williams told him, 'Prime Minister, The Times and The Daily Herald are saying dreadful things about you,' Attlee replied, 'Francis, pass me the cricket scores – and the births, marriages and deaths.'" Limon believed politicians should not be unduly upset by press comment. Different days!
For National Service he went to Korea with the Royal Army Service Corps. He was proud that he had taken part in what he regarded as one of the just wars of the 20th century but added, "other people fired weapons. I pounded a typewriter at the HQ of the Commonwealth Brigade." On demob he read PPE at Lincoln College, Oxford in which he got a 2:1.
Sir William Mackay, Clerk of the House from 1997-2002, told me: "When he was a junior clerk Donald was known as 'Tiger' because he was so resolute in doing what he thought was right when dealing with a difficult Member or colleague. Under that unassuming exterior lurked a steely determination. He could not be bullied. When a difficult disciplinary action had to be taken in the clerks' department, Donald did it decisively."
Sir Roger Sands, Clerk of the House of Commons 2003-06, reminded me that an important aspect of Limon's contribution was his period (1979-81) as Secretary of the new Commission which enabled the House to take charge of its own budget, rather than relying on the Department of the Environment. "When I had great concerns about the stone rod in the font side chapel of the medieval crypt it was to Limon that I had to go to set in train remedial action. He saw the importance of dealing with everything, from window-cleaning to the provision of lavatory paper." A junior clerk told me that to his generation Limon was very kind, looking after the best interests of the young clerks.
As a Clerk of the Table, tasked with accepting parliamentary questions, Limon was razor-sharp; he was one of nature's sticklers. Later, as Principal Clerk at the Table he was like Mother Tiger standing up to MPs who tried to bully clerks into accepting disorderly questions. When I asked Sir Clifford Boulton – who retired early so Limon could have a run in the top Commons job – what he thought Limon's forte was, he replied, "Common sense".
As a drafter of documents Limon was in the super-heavyweight class. Dr Malcolm Jack, Clerk of the House from 2006-11, reminded me that it was Limon who drafted Sir Robin Ibbs' report which was the beginning of the independence of the House of Commons as an administrative body. "It is readable, it is beautifully written and it has stood the test of time."
Sir Michael Wheeler-Booth, Clerk of the Parliament and his great friend, recalled: "He was a marvellous troubleshooter. I cried on his shoulder on Lords Reform. His personal kindness is epitomised by the fact that when I was married at 48, he took charge of the musical side of my wedding, saying, 'Leave it to me dear boy'."
As Clerk of the House of Commons his pivotal relationship was with Mr or Madam Speaker. Lady Boothroyd told me with feeling – and she is a very blunt lady – "as Speaker I had a splendid relationship with Limon when he was the most senior clerk. He was hugely supportive and I valued his guidance. I could simply not have wished for a better working relationship. He was also greatly respected by members of Commonwealth parliaments when he and I went to the legislatures of Commonwealth countries as their official guests." The relationship between parliamentary officials of different countries is important for democracy, and Limon took infinite trouble to keep his international contacts with clerks or their equivalents throughout the world in good repair.
Limon was given a kidney by his wife Joyce, who had nursed members of his family, and whom he married in 1987. It says a lot about Limon's character that when he knew he was going to die he arranged an 80th birthday party in the House, saying that he might not be there but that in all circumstances it should go ahead. Weeks before he died the party took place, and he enjoyed watching the video of it in his hospital bed. Donald Limon was a man of exceptional qualities.
Donald William Limon, public servant: born West Hartlepool 29 October 1932; Clerk of Financial Committees 1981–84; Principal Clerk, Table Office 1985–89; Clerk of Committees 1989–90; Clerk Assistant 1990–94, Clerk of the House of Commons 1994–97; CB 1993, KCB 1997; married 1987 Joyce Clifton; died Yeovil 26 July 2012.Reuse content


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JumpSport Fitness Trampoline Review, by Mollie Zapata
See the link to her work out and review here, & Happy Bouncing: http://www.eatrunread.com/2012/12/trampoline-workouts-for-runners.html
JumpSport Fitness Trampoline Review, by Mollie Zapata
See the link to her work out and review here, & Happy Bouncing: http://www.eatrunread.com/2012/12/trampoline-workouts-for-runners.html
The Fitness Trampoline by Jump Sport is an at-home workout option that includes a mobile mini trampoline and DVD workouts that correspond with it. The workouts are demonstrated by Kathy Jo Burgett, Jeff McMullen and two assistants for each workout.
The JumpSport trampoline combines high quality construction with proprietary elastic cords for a safer bouncing experience. The elastic cords provide a smooth, low-impact and silent bounce which contains the jarring effect found with steel-coil spring rebounders. The trampoline's firmness can easily be adjusted by pulling its cords tighter and placing the knots in different locations around the frame. The trampoline has a weight limit of holding 250 pounds.
This product is for exercising only and does not provide diet and nutrition guidance or recommendations.
The DVDs corresponding with the JumpSport Fitness Trampoline are divided into four segments: cardio, core, strength and basic (which combines all of the above).
The core workout is the shortest, lasting 15 minutes, where as the basic workout combining everything is 30 minutes long. All other workouts are 20 minutes long. Each workout shows three different examples of difficulty levels so you may start with the beginners and work your way up to the advanced. It is recommended to start with the beginner version in order to decrease risks of injury.
The cardio workout involves different ways and techniques of jumping at different paces in different movements.The strength training section does not involve much jumping. It using the trampoline as a stabilizing object for exercises such as triceps dips. The core workout does not involve a lot of jumping either. It incorporates the trampoline by using it to sit on while performing abdominal exercises. Sitting on the trampoline adds difficulty compared to just sitting on the floor because one must balance themselves at the same time.
Overall, this is a great addition to your at-home workout programs. It's something new, unique and fun. All of the workouts are decently short, ranging between 15-30 minutes long, therefore they're great for those days when you've got a busy schedule. It can be used by all ages and fitness levels.
jump sport, jumpsport trampoline, fitness trampoline, workout trampoline, jump sports fitness trampoline
Every week, I receive an email from SeaBreeze Organic Farms. This is thee place to get local meats, eggs, cheeses, milks, and more. Usually the email begins with a "Don't forget your cooler" (they make local stops where people pick up their orders), but the subject of this email was "Grain-fed versus grass-fed beef.
I thought this would make an interesting topic this week. In addition to doing research on beef, I decided to include eggs, after all, the variety of egg cartons and verbiage on each can be quite confusing.
Let's begin with beef. For many years, ranchers released their cattle to pasture to feed on grasses, clovers, and wild onions. As the demand for food became greater, the majority of those in the agribusiness chose to feed their cattle corn. In one reference from an NPR story, this was analogous to going from eating spinach to hearty oatmeal; the corn fattened the beef up quicker and subsequently the meat was ready for market sooner.
Today grass-fed beef is just the way it was. Cattle forage on the range. They are leaner than their corn fed counterparts and as such have less fat, or marbling. Blind taste tests suggest that grass-fed beef is chewier and has a distinct flavor from the various grasses the cow has eaten. Corn-fed beef on the other hand provides that "melt in your mouth" feel absent in the chewier, grass-fed.
Grass-fed beef tends to be more expensive than grain-fed although, with the drought in the midwest, that may change. Most supermarkets now offer both qualities of meats so you can taste it for yourself. As far as eggs are concerned, you have probably seen these labels: organic, vegetarian, cage-free, free-range. All of these have meanings but are difficult to discern without any poultry knowledge; fortunately, I am a proud member of the Palm Beach Poultry Fanciers so I have a little insight on the subject. Free-range chickens are those that have a chance to go outside and feed on whatever is growing outdoors. Chickens love to peck on insects, grass, and even other chickens (hence the cages). Free range chickens lay an egg with a much darker yolk than those that are fed a vegetarian diet. Cage free eggs mean that the chickens are allowed to roam around the hen house. Some cage free farms offer their chickens pine or straw bedding with nesting boxes. It depends on the farm, however, how much room the hens have to move about. Organic eggs are those whereby the hens are fed organic feed. The feed needs to be grown on certified organic land, no pesticides or herbicides. The hens are kept healthy without the use of antibiotics, hormones or other drugs. They may not consume genetically modified crops.
Vegetarian hens are those that eat only grains. Unlike free range hens that consume grubs, worms, and other forms of insect protein, vegetarian hens feed only on seeds and grains. The yolks of these eggs tend to be much lighter in contrast to those that are free-range.
So there you have it; a basic idea of grass, grain, vegetarian, organic, cage-free. Now when you visit your butcher or your grocery you can have a better idea of how your meat and eggs are raised. Keep me posted about your shopping experience and if you decide to choose grass-fed beef or try a new variety of egg, let me know if there is a difference in taste. You can write your story here on the blog, at the JumpSport Fitness Facebook page or @Fittrampoline on Twitter.
Until next week, have fun on the range!
Heidi Aspen Lauckhardt-Rhoades
Writer and Social Media Correspondent
Fitness Professional
Twitter: @ATweetFit
My summer travels have served as muses for this blog. Last week's Top 20 was inspired by my time in Seattle and Vancouver. The exercise program on-the-go was completely selfish as the kids and I are nomadic for the month of July. Here on our stop in Lake Tahoe, California visiting my mom, another muse poked her head around the corner when my mom told me the news that she has Celiac Disease. This translates to the need for gluten-free foods.
I'll admit, as the mother of two small children, I comb the grocery aisles often and in the last couple of years, the phrase "Gluten-free" has been appearing on a startling number of food products. Candidly, I ignored the label as it didn't seem to relate to my family or just left it as a gestalt understanding that in some way, gluten-free foods had their role.
Lo-an-behold! Enter my mother's kitchen, and I see the pantry has had an overhaul. My mom explained to me that her belly was so distended she felt pregnant and that she suffered from an inability to keep food down. In addition, her skin was "like crepe paper" and the integrity of her largest organ was in very bad shape. After talking with her doctor and undergoing lab tests, she was ultimately diagnosed with Celiac Disease.
According to the Celiac Disease Foundation, 1 out of 133 people are inflicted with this autoimmune disease. It is not, as I had thought, a food allergy that can sometimes be out- grown. Rather, CD affects the villi (tiny hairs in the small intestine that abosrb nutrients from food). When a person with CD consumes gluten, the common name for the proteins in specific grains, these villi are damaged. Hence a person with CD can suffer from symptoms like the ones my mom deals with, as well as chronic fatigue syndrome, migraines, weight gain or loss, chronic diarrhea or constipation (or both), bone or joint pain, dental enamel defects, etc.
In order to quell the disease and begin the healing of the villi, a person with CD must avoid all food and medical products made with gluten or that have traces of gluten in them. A quick but certainly not complete list of foods that contain gluten include: wheat, barley, spelt, oats, pastas, imitation bacon, energy bars, croutons, and imitation seafood to name just a few. The Celiac Disease Foundation's website is an authorative resource for anyone with CD, anyone suspecting they may have CD, or for a caregiver of a person with CD. There are also convenient brochures like this one that explains Celiac Disease, the symptoms associated with it, and how to treat it.
Since being diagnosed with CD and purging her pantry and refrigerator of all things gluten, my mother's health has improved significantly. Her neighborhood supermarket, Trader Joe's, was especially helpful when she needed assistance making the gluten free transistion. Trader Joe's offers customers a six-paged print-out of all the items in their store that are gluten-free. I would imagine that other supermarkets are becoming just as vigilant for their customers.
Mom's skin integrity is improving, and she is finally getting the nutrients from foods that her body needed. To my surprise, gluten-free, is not just some catch phrase like "fat-free;" indeed, it is a lifesaving label for those with gluten sensitivity. If you or anyone in your family suspects they have CD, visit your health pracitioner and take the necessary tests to find out. CD is an inherited disease and if someone in your family had or has CD, there is of course a chance that you or your children may have it too. In addition to your health care provider, the Celiac Disease Foundation is an invaluable resource for answering questions about gluten free foods, lifestyle changes, support groups and more.
Fortunately food and beverage companies are taking heed of the growing number of those diagnosed with CD and transitioning to a gluten-free lifestyle is easier than you may think.
Until next week, stay healthy, get some fresh air, and don't forget to wear your UVA/UVB sunblock!
Heidi Aspen Rhoades
Social Media Reporter/Fitness Professional
With summer in full swing, I offer you a bucket list to make the most out of the season, enjoy!
The summer is ripe for the picking and offers innumerable opportunities to engage our bodies, our minds and our energy to doing good things. Whether to enrich your own understanding of your environment or lend a hand to your community, the warm weather provokes memory making and out of door activity. Take advantage of the long daylight hours, balmy temperatures and sojourn from the everyday grind to relax, breathe new life into your routine and strengthen your sense of belonging to the world.
20 Things to Guide You Outside:
1. Plant a garden! From pots to plots, consider a palette that incorporates native plants for wildlife, herbs, flowers, and edibles. Visit botanical gardens or clip out images that appeal to you and make them your own.
2. Whatever floats your boat! Pick up some inexpensive floaties, tubes or "suped-up" noodles and jump in the local pool, lake, or ocean and just enjoy bobbing in an aquatic environment.
3. BBQ: find some new recipes and try your hand at cooking outside. Experiment with kabobs that include fruit, root vegetables, or pound cake!
4. Garage sale: host one or go to them. Clean out clutter in your house and make some extra money for a field trip or two, or find something new to collect and enjoy the hunt of finding that special item.
5. Photo expedition: birds, clothes on a line, dogs, rooflines, alley ways, etc.. Whatever image you find appealing, from post offices to moss, get out there and shoot!
6. Leaf press, dry herbs, create a floral arrangement. Lavender wands, dried rosemary, or a bouquet of "weeds" are fun crafts to do by yourself or with others.
7. Make a lemonade stand, and your loot can go to your adventures or to a special cause.
8. Take a bike ride. Rent bikes or load yours into your car, the train, or a bus and cruise around an area on a two-wheeler. This unique mode of travel can give you an original perspective of any neighborhood, city, or trail.
9. U-pick: head out to a nearby farm and pick your own fruits and vegetables. Close your eyes as you taste produce that you picked yourself.
10. Volunteer at a local animal shelter and offer to walk dogs or clean up paths.
11. Learn about local architecture and take a look around; put theory into action and cultivate an appreciation for windows, columns, gingerbread and vernacular building styles.
12. Host a movie under the stars; classics, family or sci-fi-put up a screen (sheet), borrow a projector and voi la! An event is made.
13. Make s'mores. Whether you own a fire pit or use the park's grills, organize a gang to roast marshmallows and create this classic American treat.
14. Pitch a tent: borrow a tent from a friend and set it up in the backyard or a local camp site. There's nothing like sleeping in the confines of a modern lean-to.
15. Dry the laundry on a line. Save energy and freshen up your clothes and linens by hanging your sheets, clothes and blankets on the line or fence to air dry.
16. Clean up the environment: help weed out nonnative invasive plants, plant native ones, and clean up garbage from natural areas.
17. Have a breakfast picnic. Pancakes on a griddle, oatmeal in a crock pot, or homemade granola. Roll out of your jammies and enjoy breakfast in a park, on a lawn, or at the beach.
18. Bring your JumpSport Fitness trampoline outside and have your workout in the fresh air.
19. Support community redevelopment: offer your time to paint, sand, sweep, run tools for a local group that helps repair or build housing, or participate in building preservation.
20. Learn to ID birds and local flora and fauna.
As we begin to enter the heart of summer, what are your plans to reap the sunshine? What types of experiences have you already cultivated or have circled on your calendar? Maybe you have taken on tye-dying or basket-weaving? If so, take pictures and post them here on the blog or on the JumpSport Fitness Trampoline™ Facebook page. You can even upload images from Instagram onto the Twitter, @FitTrampoine.
Have fun!!
Heidi Aspen Rhoades
Social Media Correspondent and Fitness Professional
Travelcise: Travel-sized Workouts Anyplace, Anytime!
According to the newspapers, travel among Americans is up. Summer is traditionally the season for families to drive or fly to national parks, visit with relatives, or just hit the trail. Many of us who exercise on a regular basis sometimes feel hesitant that our routines will be disrupted during this time. Most of get caught saying, "I won't have my 9:30 Wednesday yoga class" or "what am I going to do without Trampoline Camp on Saturdays?" We feel trepidation that all of our hard work will go down the drain without our routines, our gyms, and our instructors. Alas, there are several ways to keep in shape while we are away from home.
One of the simplest ways to keep fit while on the road is old school calisthenics for a total body workout. Jogging in place, jumping jacks, burpees, push-ups, skaters (hopping Side to side), plyometric jumps, squats, crunches, sit ups, mountain climbers, knee ups, hamstring kicks, leg lifts, and planks can all be done in a circuit to give you a workout that can be customized to give you 10-90 minutes of exercise.
Recently I did a great staircase workout that I found in Experience, the magazine put out by Lifetime Fitness. Find any staircase or set of bleachers and start by walking up the stairs for a warm up. The exertion gradually increases for a great 30 minute workout. Jogging, walking, curtsy lunges, and skaters up and down the stairs are followed by body weight exercises such as lunges, push-ups, and squats.
Fitness trails can generally be found in many towns and cities. These are great for travelcise! They're paths with exercise stations dotted along the trail. A fitness trail is usually one mile in length and can be easily modified to offer a low to high intensity experience. The stations typically offer exercises that emphasize strength, balance, and flexibility. The trail can be walked, jogged, run, or a combination of intervals. Depending on your stamina, the trail can be completed several times with or without doing the stations.
A pool, lake, or oceans are obvious choices for swimming or water aerobics. Other than a bathing suit, not much more is required. You can pack a water belt or noodle for deep water aerobic training or adapt your deep water routine to shallow water by working in suspension. Weights can be made by filling containers such as gallon jugs.
Some exercise props are easy to pack such as the TRX (http://www.trxtraining.com/) suspension system and resistance bands. These are compact and take up little space in your luggage. The TRX can be wrapped around a tree, a basketball pole, a fence or even better, a playground. Speaking of playgrounds, there are many exercises that you can do on a playground using swings, monkey bars and slides. An easy internet search for "playground workouts or playground pump" can yield a variety of circuits that can provide a phenomenal and fun cardio, strength, and flexibility charged workout. Additionally, the JumpSport Fitness™ trampoline has recently launched a new portable version of their trampoline. Especially for people on the go. You can always use your JFT for the total body conditioning you have come to expect from it.
Traveling does not need to put a stop on your healthy routine; just do travelcise. It can actually offer you an opportunity for muscle confusion and flexing your training thresholds. Also, finding parks and pools gives you the chance to mingle with the locals and experience a more intimate visit. There's nothing like befriending locals to find out the "secret" favorite hot spots in a community. Embrace a change in your routine to try new exercises, enjoy the scenery, and prove to yourself that your dedication to health is innate and not dependent upon a membership, a class, or an instructor. You exercise because you enjoy it and know that it keeps your body in shape no matter how many miles away from home you are. Exercise requires no special equipment – just some motivation.
Bon voyage!
Heidi Rhoades
Summer is officially here! Drink up to stay hydrated!
The sun is beaming on top of the northern hemisphere and it can be brutally hot. For many, this is the time of year when the outdoors beckons their spirit and "al fresco" activities are on the radar. Catching a baseball game, hiking mountains or swimming in the ocean are just some of the things people do in these summer months. Last week I wrote about the role of sun protection while you "do your thing" out of doors and this week it's about hydration.
It couldn't be a timelier subject as my son has been in baseball camp for the last two weeks. Living in south Florida you can only imagine the heat. All of the kids on his team were red faced, dewy perspiration under their eyes. My son, generally a ball of energy, approached me listlessly. I gave him attention and then continued on talking with the coaches. While chatting, I noticed my son sitting on the field and then rolling into a little ball. "I'm so thirsty," he said when I went over to him. I quickly got him drinking and into the air conditioned car. I checked the rear view every chance I had making sure he was alright as I drove us to the nearest market to pick up some cold electrolyte infused liquid.
Dehydration is something that can happen to anyone. I recall a nurse telling me that her brother, a carpenter, had actually died from dehydration. I was floored. Needless to say I drove like a Nascar driver to the closest store to restore my son's fluids. A person becomes dehydrated when they lose an excessive amount of body fluid. As the symptom pertains to the outdoors, this occurs when a person is sweating in order to cool the body's temperature and not taking in enough water. Dehydration can occur in children as well as adults and can manifest via dry mouth, dark urine, vomiting and/or exhaustion.
A handy chart available on Medicinenet.com illustrates the amount of water a body needs for a person's weight. In my five year olds son case, at forty-eight pounds his intake needs to be at least fifty ounces. To help prevent dehydration, wear loose fitting clothes that allow the body to breathe as it perspires to keep your body temperature normal. Take breaks and head for the shade if there is any. Also, the obvious preventative measures are to drink lots of fluids, namely water.
Begin by drinking water prior to an activity and every twenty minutes thereafter. For young adults and adults, it's a good idea to limit your caffeine intake and for those over the age of twenty-one, avoiding alcohol will help you stay hydrated and keep you "in the game." Whether you're walking your dog at a brisk pace, weeding your garden beds, playing an inter-office game of kickball, take regular water breaks to replenish the fluids your body lost during perspiration. Hot, windy weather is particularly dehydrating so if these conditions exist, be sure to go extra hard on the water. Sports drinks that have electrolytes are best suited for those engaged in vigorous exercise or activity. Water, however, should still be consumed in addition to these beverages.
Summertime is a wonderful time of year that we cherish as a culture. It's filled with BBQ's, swimming, biking, yard work and spending time at the beach. Take care when enjoying this special season by making sure that you have all the bases covered to stay safe and comfortable. Proper sun protection, loose fitting clothing that allows your body to breathe and lots of water are key to keeping your body healthy during these warm months.
In good health,
Heidi Aspen Lauckhardt-Rhoades
Writer and Social Media Correspondent
Fitness Professional
Twitter: @ATweetFit
Stand Up Paddle Boarding Training and Conditioning on the JumpSport Fitness Trampoline
Have you taken a trip to the beach lately? Waterways, fresh and salty, are increasingly becoming dotted with vertical figures holding long paddles that peel the water out and away from a long board. Across the nation and around the world, stand up paddle boarding is becoming the newest phenomenon in aquatic fitness and adventure.
Stand up paddle boarding or "S.U.P." offers a perfect day activity, hobby or even has a place in competition. It offers a complete body workout while being out on the water, navigating the surf, watching birds or checking out the fish swimming below you. The JumpSport Fitness Trampoline offers excellent training for stand-up paddle boarding. The unstable environment, the mat, mimics the wobbly conditions on an S.U.P. board.
Balance is the key to doing any board sport well. Training for balance or for proprioceptive training on the JumpSport Fitness Trampoline mat is a perfect foundation for strengthening your ability to balance. Stand on the mat, suck in the abdominal muscles (navel to spine) and slowly rise and squat at your own pace until you want to change. Then you can add more spring to your squat, add a heel lift, or wiggle back and forth. You are engaging all of your muscles to keep you from falling off of the trampoline which will translate onto the board.
To add on, engage the arms. If you have a toning bar to use as a paddle, great otherwise a broom, a lacrosse stick or an actual paddle will get your body moving systemically. Alternatively, you can use a kettle bell, medicine ball or dumbbell. There are several ways that you can "paddle". To begin, a front paddle is a simple way to begin. With both hands on your "paddle" (broom, lax stick, medicine ball) and sweep the "paddle" forward to back staying on one side. Work one minute then switch to the other side. Next you can imitate a kayak paddle going side to side. To add variation to this move, you can work in intervals moving swiftly and then more slowly focusing on range of motion and a deep squat. You are paddling side to side. Take a breather and when you're ready to move on, try a figure eight paddle. Begin standing then squatting into the eight and then standing up. To get your brain going, alternate the direction of your figure eight for another minute.
Split Jumps:
With or without your paddle, split jumps on the JumpSport Fitness™ Trampoline are excellent for strengthening your core, your legs and your agility in general.
Start without any props. Begin the move in a shallow lunge then jump to land on the other leg. Do this for as long as you can be mindful all the while of your form. Don't get sloppy on split jumps! Stay careful of your knee and ankle placement. Next, you can work on adducting and abducting the legs. Place your left foot on your JFT. Touch the right foot down to the floor and then tap the right foot next to the left foot; repeat. Morph the move into a squat. After lowering your right foot to the ground, bend into your knees, hold, and then snap the right foot back to the left before squatting again. Repeat other side.
For upper body and more core work, you can use the JFT to do planks, tricep dips and a variety of plank, push up exercises that will help you gain the muscle, agility, range of motion and strength required for stand-up paddling.
Suzie Cooney, of Suzie Trains Maui is a certified personal trainer and S.U.P. pro based out of Maui. Suzie offers classes on the beach for getting in shape S.U.P. style. You don't have to live in Maui to benefit from this incredible coach, her website is a dynamic resource full of video, audio and pictures for learning more about the sport, the equipment, and getting the most out of the SUP experience. Once again the JumpSport Fitness Trampoline is at the cutting edge for conditioning. After you have completed your S.U.P. work out, go ahead and knock out a cardio session. There are so many exercises and workouts that you can do on a JFT, no doubt you have discovered some on your own. Do you currently enjoy S.U.P.? Have you been training? Do you use your JFT for sports specific training? If so, which sport and how do you use it?
Until next week, enjoy a fresh workout S.U.P. style. Check out Suzie's website and then look around your area for shops that rent S.U.P. boards for the day or for a few hours. They are perfect to use on a calm day, especially if you are new to the sport. Be sure to lather up in sunscreen and dress accordingly before hitting the water. Then get out there and do some stand up paddling!
Hang 10!
Heidi Aspen Lauckhardt-Rhoades
Writer and Social Media Correspondent
Fitness Professional
Twitter: @ATweetFit


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Woman Told Abort 'Brain Dead' Baby Gives Birth to Healthy Child
Sarah Hagan was advised by her doctors to abort her child, after a 24-week ultrasound revealed that her unborn child was brain dead, only had one eye and had no chance of survival. Hagan said physicians gave her an abortion drug designed for women much earlier in their pregnancies, and when that didn't work, informed her that she'd need to go into delivery immediately. Hagan did, and she had Aaron—a healthy boy with both eyes, whose only complications stem from his premature birth, something Hagan says is the hospital's fault. Aaron is fifteen months old and doing well, and his mother is considering legal action ...
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Praise God, this baby is adorable. God is going to use this guy to do so much in his life.


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Viewing Tattoo Tag: crow
Fly With Your Own Wings07/01/16
Geometric Crow Tattoo02/09/16
I've create this tattoo for a fun Customer who love video game12/01/15
Forearms and Wrists
Butterfly – Butterflies symbolizes change. My butterfly is covering up a scar from when I used to cut years ago. I have changed and turned into a beautiful self confident woman, just like how a caterpillar transforms into a gorgeous… [ read more ]06/06/15
I work hard in the gym so when summer comes I want to show it off. Tony Leanza from Finest Lines in Wickliffe Ohio is a great artist. He hooked me up!11/04/14
Obedience ,omen.08/03/14
Watercolor Raven
And the , never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door; And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon's that is dreaming, And the lamp-light o'er him streaming… [ read more ]02/14/14


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Honey Stinger Protein Bars 10g - 15 PackPerfect as an after workout recovery bar or meal replacement, Honey Stinger's Protein Bar 10g is a great-tasting way to replenish energy stores. Made with organic honey, coated in chocolate and packed with tons of nutrients, this might be the best protein bar you've ever eaten.
- Contains over 30% of USDA certified organic honey
- 10g of whey protein -- 20% of the daily recommended allowance
- 22 vitamins, minerals, calcium and antioxidants
- 180-190 calories per bar
- 25% organic ingredients
- Gluten-free
- No trans fats
Honey Stinger Protein Bars 10g - 15 Pack
- calories:
- 190-200
- carbs:
- 18-19g
- protein:
- 10g
- sugars:
- 15-17g
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I love knitting and designing lace!
Vismaya is a light, airy shawl to remind you of summer, spring, blooms, tender leaves and new beginnings.The shawl is knit bottom-up, beginning with an interesting lacy border of leaves that continue into the body giving you a lovely, delicate, all-over lace shawl. Short rows are used to give the body its crescent shape (pattern includes instructions on how to do them). An icord bindoff is used for a neat and stable edge.Pattern is both charted and written (as in, the lace charts are written out, too).Finished measurements - 56" along the top edge, 16" deep down the center back and 6" at the sides.Guage - 18sts and 20 rows/4" in stockinette stitch. Gauge is not really important for this shawl. But using a different gauge will change your yarn requirement and finished measurements.Yarn - You will need 400 to 450 yards of fingering weight yarn. Pick soft acrylic, silk, wool or blends that will give you a good drape.So bring out your favorite sock yarn and get busy - this is a shawl you'll love wearing as much as you'll enjoy knitting.
18sts and 20 rows/4" in stockinette stitch.
450 yards of Fingering weight
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by Staff Writer
Whether you're an amateur, enthusiast or professional, creating your own custom videos and home movies can be fun and rewarding. Camcorders have many of the same features as regular cameras, but shopping for camcorders is a little different. This camcorder buying guide will help you learn how to buy the camcorder that best meets your requirements.
Digital camcorders: Although VHS camcorders were the standard for quite a while, digital camcorders have all but replaced those magnetic tape cameras. Digital camcorders have also steadily declined in price in recent years. Most digital camcorders store video data on memory cards or other digital media. Memory cards are much more compact and can hold significantly more data than tapes.
DVD camcorders: Many digital video cameras use recordable optical discs, like Blu-ray or DVD, as the recording media. Each DVD camcorder has different disc compatibilities, so they may support rewriteable discs or not. A Blu-ray DVD camcorder will typically be able to burn to DVDs as well. Some of these camcorders will also include a hard disc drive (HDD) and may allow you to do some in-camera editing of your video before you burn it to the disc.
HD camcorders: Recording video in high-definition quality can take up more memory, but recording in such stunning detail is worth carrying an extra memory card or two. HD camcorders record video with a resolution of 720p, 1080p or higher; 1080p is the resolution that most HDTVs can display. If you want to know whether a camcorder can work as an HD video camera, check its maximum recording resolution.
Picture resolution: When you record video with a digital camcorder, the image is captured by a sensor, which converts the image to a digital format. The quality of the sensor plays a large role in determining the quality of your video. A digital video camera that can capture higher resolution images will produce clear, more-detailed video. To compare camcorder resolution, check a camcorder's maximum resolution for both video capture and still photos.
MiniDV cassettes: Some cameras use high-capacity DV (digital video) tapes, although everyday users will only use the MiniDV tape format. Other digital tapes are used in large, professional digital cameras. MiniDV cassettes are inexpensive but will only record about an hour of video at standard quality and up to 90 minutes at reduced quality. Video from MiniDV tapes takes longer to transfer to your computer for editing.
Memory cards: Digital memory cards, such as SD (Secure Digital) and SDHC (SD high-capacity) cards, are the most popular storage media for digital camcorders. SD cards can store up to 32 GB or more of video and still images. Memory cards are also very easy to swap out and store. You may need a memory card reader in order to transfer video from your digital video camera to your computer.
Hard drive: Some digital camcorders feature an internal hard drive with either solid state or spinning hard disk. You may also be able to use memory cards to expand the camera's memory. Camcorders with solid state drives are especially durable, since there is no spinning hard disk to get scratched or jolted.
Connections: Aside from the recording medium, cameras usually have some combination of video and data outputs for connecting to your TV, your computer or another video device. If you want to transfer video to your computer, consider a camcorder with either a Firewire or USB output. You may also be able to use standard A/V cables or even an HDMI cable to connect your camcorder to your HDTV or home theater receiver.
Digital zoom versus optical zoom: When it comes to determining the final quality of your video, the camcorder's zoom can play a surprisingly large role. Consider the effects that optical and digital zoom will have on your ability to film, especially when capturing distant objects in detail.
Optical zoom focuses the lenses of the camera on a distant point with no loss in visual quality. Optical zoom actually refocuses the light, so the full sensor is still used to capture picture data.
Digital zoom, on the other hand, basically takes the image after it's been processed by the imager and enlarges it. This means that a smaller portion of the sensor is used as you zoom in. Digital camcorders may use image-enhancement software to add pixels and artificially improve the image quality of a zoomed picture.
Viewfinder: Nearly every consumer camcorder you see nowadays has an LCD viewfinder. Today's camcorders let you see what you're recording while being aware of your surroundings. An LCD viewfinder that swivels out of the way can protect itself from scratches and make it easier to film yourself.
Once the video is on your computer, there's no limit to what you can do with it, from basic editing and adding effects to the video to composing your own soundtrack. If you're looking for some video editing software to get started, check out Overstock.com's selection of instructional software for video editing or movie studio software.
If you're going to record digital movies to Blu-ray, then you'll want to make sure you have the Blu-ray player and high-definition television to take advantage of your camcorder's HD video recordings.
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text: Sodium light (? = 589 nm) falls on a double slit of separation d = 2.0 mm. Where the distance from the double slit to the screen is 60.0 cm. What is the separation of the maxima on the screen (y)? (b) What would be the value if the entire apparatus was submerged in oil with an index of refraction of 1.2


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Fish & Wildlife offers seminarsJuly 29,2014Fish & Wildlife
offers seminars
MONTPELIER The Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife is going to be holding seminars to help new hunters and archers.
Hunter Education Coordinator John Pellegrini says that starting in mid-August, the department will host a series of seminars to help inexperienced hunters with the tools he or she needs to be successful.
There will be courses on archery, waterfowl, turkey and deer hunting as well as processing, storing and cooking game.
Participants will be able to learn what to wear on their first hunt and how to select a firearm or archery equipment.
A list of the seminars with descriptions, dates, locations and registration information can be found on the departments website.MORE IN This Just InCASTLETON - Head coach Eric Ramey has announced that the Castleton softball team will once again... Full StoryMONTPELIER Vermont state officials are blaming a lack of seat belt usage, speeding and driving... Full Story
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text: Norway's fifth largest city is Kristiansand, a busy waterside community in the south of the country. It stands at the end of the E18 coastal road, 2 miles south west of Oslo. It's also the terminus of the south coast railway and for ferries from Denmark. Visitors who hire a car in Kristiansand can easily drive to Norway's most southerly point, a popular rocky spot marked by a lighthouse and café near Mandal. Roads north lead into forests and mountains (with ski trails and nature reserves), while the coast roads lead to inlets, islands and beaches. Kristiansand's airport lies five miles to the east on the far side of the fjord.


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Black Bears hoping for big crowd on SaturdayUPDATED 3:10 PM EST Dec 06, 2013
The UMaine football team hosts UNH in a NCAA playoff game on Saturday.Video Transcript
DEAL TODAY. IF MAINE WERE TO BEAT U-N-H THIS WEEKEND IN THE NCAA PLAYOFFS, THE BLACK BEARS DO HAVE A SHOT AT HOSTING ANOTHER GAME. INTERIM A-D SETH WOODCOCK TOLD SPORTS RADIO W-J-A-B TODAY IF SAM HOUSTON UPSETS SOUTHEAST LOUISIANA MAINE WOULD HOST ANOTHER PLAYOFF GAME. TODAY THE BLACK BEAR BAND HELPED KICK OFF A PEP RALLY FOR THE TEAM ON CAMPUS, AS THEY HOPE FOR A RECORD SETTING CROWD FOR SATURDAY'S GAME. 'when you look across the field and see the band, and the dance team our students in support of our efforts, we are 5-0 at home this year and it's because of you and what you do on saturday's.
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Definition of cabinet pudding in English:
cabinet pudding
noun[mass noun] British
A steamed suet pudding containing dried fruit.
Example sentences
- There are many variants of cabinet pudding, hot, cold, and even made with ice cream.
- A rubbery cabinet pudding with varicose veins of glacé cherries looked like a wet Mediterranean sponge and bounced like an eggy trampoline in the mouth.
- Plan to use the stale bread for toast, dressings, bread and cabinet puddings, croutons and crumbs.
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Clarise Plaisance
Published: Wednesday, March 17, 2010 at 9:49 a.m.
Last Modified: Wednesday, March 17, 2010 at 9:50 a.m.
Clarise Plaisance, 96, a native and resident of Cut Off, died at 5:30 p.m. Sunday, March 14, 2010.
Visitation will be from 10 a.m. to funeral time Thursday at Sacred Heart Catholic Church of Cut Off. Mass will be at noon Thursday at the church, with burial in the church cemetery.
She is survived by numerous nieces and nephews.
She was preceded in death by her parents, Felix and Natalie Autin Plaisance; five brothers, Donatien, Edwick, Narcisse, Philip and Loveless Plaisance; and five sisters, Octavie Plaisance Lafont Pierce, Loridia Plaisance Martin, Violet Plaisance Guidry, Elizabeth Plaisance and Evelia Plaisance.
She was Catholic.
Samart-Mothe Funeral Home of Cut Off is in charge of arrangements.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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Francis H. Clauser (BS '34, MS '35, PhD '37), the Clark Blanchard Millikan Professor of Engineering, Emeritus, passed away on March 3, 2013, at age 99. Born in the decade following the Wright Brothers' first powered flight, he was a founder of modern aeronautics and helped usher in the Space Age.
Francis was the younger of identical twins born to Celeste and Claude Clauser in Kansas City, Missouri, on May 25, 1913. When Francis and his brother, Milton, were 17, their father died, leaving the boys to support their mother and younger sister, Betty. Fortunately, Celeste "was talented and resourceful," says Clauser's daughter, Caroline Ryan. "She made puppets with papier-mâché heads and elaborate costumes, and she and the boys supported the family by staging marionette shows to the accompaniment of a hand-cranked Victrola." The twins enrolled in Kansas City Junior College, but upon learning of Caltech's constellation of luminaries, they decided to apply as transfer students. When they were accepted, the entire family packed up and moved to Pasadena.
As Caltech undergrads, the twins joined a local magician's society, the Mystic Thirteen. Their act consisted of one brother doing a trick before disappearing behind a screen. The other brother would then emerge in a totally different outfit and perform another trick. They did this faster and faster until the costume changes got impossibly short, at which point the screen would "accidentally" fall to reveal one brother in bright red undershorts.
Upon earning bachelor's degrees in physics, the Clausers entered the aeronautics program run by Theodore von Kármán. Unable to tell the twins apart but well aware of their hijinks, von Kármán made it clear that he expected two separate and distinct dissertations, saying, "Each of you can do one, one of you can do both, or both of you can do both." Thus Milton and Francis produced an experiment-based thesis on "The Effect of Curvature on the Transition from Laminar to the Turbulent Boundary Layer," while Francis and Milton wrote a mathematical treatise on "New Methods of Solving the Equations for the Flow of a Compressible Fluid."
On July 30, 1937, a month after receiving their doctorates, Francis married Catharine McMillan, Caltech's humanities librarian and sister of future chemistry Nobel laureate Edwin McMillan (BS '28, MS '29), in a double ceremony with Milton and his bride, Virginia Randall.
The brothers joined the Douglas Aircraft Company in Santa Monica, where Francis soon became the director of aerodynamic design research. There he assembled a team that included several future Caltech faculty members and profoundly influenced aviation design by developing mathematical methods for shaping tails, wings, engine nacelles, and air scoops.
When Germany fell to the Allies in 1945, Clauser "was temporarily inducted into the U.S. military as an instant full colonel" as part of Operation Paperclip, says his son, John Clauser. Such high ranks were routinely given to civilian experts sent into the war zone in order to expedite the American effort to collect as many of Germany's best scientists and as much of its key hardware as possible before the Russians did.
Soon after Clauser's return, Henry "Hap" Arnold, the commander of the Army Air Forces, commissioned Clauser's design team to study the feasibility of spaceflight. The 340-page "Preliminary Design of an Experimental World-Circling Spaceship," dated May 2, 1946, concluded that a rocket based on the German V-2 could put a 500-pound payload into orbit for at least 10 days and outlined the military, scientific, and telecommunications uses to which such a satellite might be put. Unfortunately the estimated cost—$150 million over five years—was deemed too high, and the US ceded first rights to the final frontier to Sputnik, launched by the USSR a decade later. The report also noted that "there is good reason to hope that future satellite vehicles will be built to carry human beings," recommending a winged, reusable spacecraft as the best way to return them safely to Earth. This report was the first to be produced by what Arnold dubbed the RAND (for Research and Development) Project; several of the people who wrote it went on to become founding members of the RAND Corporation when it was spun off from Douglas Aircraft in 1948.
Clauser, however, left the company in 1946 to found the aeronautics department at Johns Hopkins University. He chaired the department until 1960, recruiting leaders in the field from many countries to create a world-class research center. The department's facilities included three large wind tunnels, one of which was supersonic and "all of which Clauser personally designed," John says, "so that they exhibited very low residual turbulence in their test sections."
Turbulence and the so-called boundary layer, the thin layer of fluid immediately adjacent to a solid surface, had been particular interests of Clauser's since graduate school. In fact, his first assignment at Douglas had been to figure out why the DC-3, which had just debuted as a transcontinental passenger plane and would remain in military production through World War II, tended to roll onto its back upon stalling. An aerodynamic "stall" occurs when the tilt of a wing's leading edge—the so-called angle of attack—increases to the point where lift is no longer generated. Clauser realized that as one wing fell, the angle of attack at its tip would increase, making it stall more. To break this runaway feedback, he invented the now-standard "washout" wing twist, in which the wing tips are more or less horizontal and the angle of attack increases closer to the fuselage. Any stall thus begins near the fuselage, where the wing's lever action is minimal, while the ailerons out near the wing tips do not stall and the pilot remains in control of the aircraft.
Clauser wrote two seminal papers on the turbulent boundary layer in 1954 and 1956. As emeritus professor of aeronautics Donald Coles (MS '48, PhD '53) explains, "Normally, as you follow the boundary layer across the wing, the velocity profile will be controlled by the pressure variation. Clauser invented what he called 'equilibrium flows' in which he controlled the pressure gradient so that the velocity field didn't change as you went along the flow. The pressure was still rising, but he had a trick for adjusting the rate at which it rose, so that the velocity obeyed a 'similarity law.' It didn't matter where you measured the velocity profile, because it always followed the same curve. And anybody could duplicate his family of flows in their own wind tunnels just by properly shaping the channel."
This gradient generates the wing's lift and begins as a zone of low pressure near the wing's leading edge, extending outward and backward until ambient atmospheric pressure is restored. If not handled properly, it can force the airflow to leave the wing prematurely—as it did in the stall that had plagued the DC-3. The gradient's behavior depends on the interplay between the wing's shape and the boundary layer itself, which in turn is governed by a set of deceptively simple differential equations whose exact solutions often still tax modern supercomputers. Clauser's work was so important because in the days when designs were primarily worked out with slide rules and pad after pad of graph paper, the fewer variables one had to manipulate experimentally, the better.
"Clauser was one of the four founders of the science of boundary layers as it stands today," Coles says. "In a 10-year period, these people put together a consistent, coherent description that is still the place where you start teaching the subject."
Clauser was a member of the 1968 Task Force on Space, chaired by Nobel laureate Charles Townes (PhD '39). Clauser again championed the notion of a winged, reusable space vehicle. This time, the idea got traction and the Space Shuttle was born.
During the Hopkins years, Clauser acquired a reputation for educational innovation, establishing cross-disciplinary courses designed to illuminate basic principles that could later be applied to whatever field a student might choose. He was invited to the newly created University of California campus in Santa Cruz in 1965 to set up the engineering school, and he served variously as the academic vice chancellor, vice chancellor for science and engineering, and professor of applied science.
In 1969, Clauser returned to Caltech to chair the Division of Engineering and Applied Science. He stepped down in 1974 but remained the Clark Millikan Professor of Engineering until his retirement in 1980.
Clauser, having arrived at the dawn of the environmental movement, launched Caltech's interdisciplinary graduate program in environmental engineering science in 1971. The following year he established the Environmental Quality Laboratory, or EQL, as an "action-oriented unit," in his words, along the lines of JPL—"associated with Caltech, carrying on Caltech's high standards but not engaged in teaching." Organized in partnership with JPL, the RAND Corporation, and the Aerospace Corporation, the EQL studied the scientific, engineering, economic, and political aspects of issues such as pollution control, water and energy policy, and sewage disposal.
The interdisciplinary applied physics option was initiated during Clauser's term as well, providing an academic home for the solid-state physicists and electronics engineers who were powering the computer revolution. Clauser also oversaw the construction of the Earle M. Jorgensen Laboratory of Information Science. This building housed not only computer scientists but the Campus Computing Center, which ran the mainframe computers that were becoming important research tools in many disciplines.
In 1973, Clauser established the Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholars Program, which he intended to be "as desirable and prestigious as a Guggenheim Fellowship" and which brought up to 30 eminent scientists per year to Caltech. The inaugural group included Apollo 17 astronaut Harrison Schmitt (BS '57), the only geologist to walk on the moon, and a then-obscure cosmologist named Stephen Hawking.
Upon his brother Milton's death in 1980, Clauser, his wife, and his sister-in-law established the annual Milton and Francis Clauser Doctoral Prize, awarded for the thesis judged to have the greatest potential for opening up entirely new lines of research.
A noted raconteur with a prodigious memory, Clauser was a regular at the legendary Round Table at the Caltech faculty club, the Athenaeum. Says Marshall Cohen, professor of astronomy, emeritus, "He was known as 'The Dean of the Round Table' for a couple of reasons: He was the oldest, and he would dominate the discussion. He'd say, 'Let's change the subject—I want to talk about the new style of sailboat.'" Politics, biblical archaeology, and ancient Egypt were other favorite topics, Cohen recalls. "He knew dates. And names. He knew dynasties. A decade ago I mentioned that I was interested in hieroglyphs. He said, 'I can recommend a book for you.' It turns out he and Catharine had taken a course in hieroglyphics back in the 1960s, and he still remembered the name of the textbook."
Clauser's favorite subject was travel. He and Catharine had driven through 117 countries and across every major desert on Earth—usually in a rented Volkswagen Beetle. One such trip went from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, where he eased into the Straits of Magellan until the Bug's front bumper was submerged. Another trip followed the Silk Road through Central Asia.
The Clausers' most-storied trip took them from Tunis to Timbuktu. As recounted in Caltech's Engineering & Science magazine in 1972, the preferred method for crossing the Sahara was in Land Rovers traveling in pairs. The Clausers drove alone in a Renault R4, a vehicle light enough for them to push when it got stuck in the sand. Things went well for the first 1,600 miles or so, until the clutch gave out in central Niger. They hitched a ride to Tahoua, the nearest town, where, as Francis told E&S, they found "a 52nd-hand car dealer who let us have an ancient clutch for $24. Then we rented a set of tools for $10 from a German mechanic and went out and sat by the road for two hours before we caught a 70-mile ride back to our car." The next day, they dismantled the engine in front of an audience of Fulani herdsmen and Tuaregs on camels, only to discover that the new old clutch didn't fit. An examination of the old old clutch revealed that it had packed itself full of sand as they tobogganed through the dunes. They extracted the sand with a paring knife and a safety pin, and drove back to Tahoua, where they resold the new old clutch back to the 52nd-hand dealer for $20.
Catharine died in 1999, but Francis remained in the family home in La Cañada until he lost his right leg to the flesh-eating bacterium Clostridium septicum in 2008. He moved into Villa Gardens to recuperate—on the condition that he not miss lunch at the Round Table. A shuttle would drop him off daily, says Cohen, "but occasionally he'd drive himself home in his electric wheelchair by way of his dentist."
Clauser's publications included papers on nonlinear mechanics, guided missile technology, magnetohydrodynamics, and partial differential equations as well as a book, Plasma Dynamics, compiled in 1960 following a symposium he chaired on what was then a very young field. He was a Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the American Physical Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was also a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the scientific research society Sigma Xi, the engineering honor society Tau Beta Pi, and Caltech's Gnome Club. He was named a Distinguished Alumnus in 1966, one of the initial class of 23 to be so honored.
Clauser is survived by his sister, Betty Celeste Valois of Denver; his son, Wolf laureate in physics John Francis Clauser (BS '64) of Walnut Creek, California; and his daughter, Caroline Helen Ryan, of New York City. A memorial service will be held at 11:00 a.m. at the Caltech Athenaeum on May 25, the day that would have been his hundredth birthday.
PASADENA, Calif.—Imagine that the chips in your smart phone or computer could repair and defend themselves on the fly, recovering in microseconds from problems ranging from less-than-ideal battery power to total transistor failure. It might sound like the stuff of science fiction, but a team of engineers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), for the first time ever, has developed just such self-healing integrated chips.
The team, made up of members of the High-Speed Integrated Circuits laboratory in Caltech's Division of Engineering and Applied Science, has demonstrated this self-healing capability in tiny power amplifiers. The amplifiers are so small, in fact, that 76 of the chips—including everything they need to self-heal—could fit on a single penny. In perhaps the most dramatic of their experiments, the team destroyed various parts of their chips by zapping them multiple times with a high-power laser, and then observed as the chips automatically developed a work-around in less than a second.
"It was incredible the first time the system kicked in and healed itself. It felt like we were witnessing the next step in the evolution of integrated circuits," says Ali Hajimiri, the Thomas G. Myers Professor of Electrical Engineering at Caltech. "We had literally just blasted half the amplifier and vaporized many of its components, such as transistors, and it was able to recover to nearly its ideal performance."
The team's results appear in the March issue of IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.
Until now, even a single fault has often rendered an integrated-circuit chip completely useless. The Caltech engineers wanted to give integrated-circuit chips a healing ability akin to that of our own immune system—something capable of detecting and quickly responding to any number of possible assaults in order to keep the larger system working optimally. The power amplifier they devised employs a multitude of robust, on-chip sensors that monitor temperature, current, voltage, and power. The information from those sensors feeds into a custom-made application-specific integrated-circuit (ASIC) unit on the same chip, a central processor that acts as the "brain" of the system. The brain analyzes the amplifier's overall performance and determines if it needs to adjust any of the system's actuators—the changeable parts of the chip.
Interestingly, the chip's brain does not operate based on algorithms that know how to respond to every possible scenario. Instead, it draws conclusions based on the aggregate response of the sensors. "You tell the chip the results you want and let it figure out how to produce those results," says Steven Bowers, a graduate student in Hajimiri's lab and lead author of the new paper. "The challenge is that there are more than 100,000 transistors on each chip. We don't know all of the different things that might go wrong, and we don't need to. We have designed the system in a general enough way that it finds the optimum state for all of the actuators in any situation without external intervention."
Looking at 20 different chips, the team found that the amplifiers with the self-healing capability consumed about half as much power as those without, and their overall performance was much more predictable and reproducible. "We have shown that self-healing addresses four very different classes of problems," says Kaushik Dasgupta, another graduate student also working on the project. The classes of problems include static variation that is a product of variation across components; long-term aging problems that arise gradually as repeated use changes the internal properties of the system; and short-term variations that are induced by environmental conditions such as changes in load, temperature, and differences in the supply voltage; and, finally, accidental or deliberate catastrophic destruction of parts of the circuits.
The Caltech team chose to demonstrate this self-healing capability first in a power amplifier for millimeter-wave frequencies. Such high-frequency integrated chips are at the cutting edge of research and are useful for next-generation communications, imaging, sensing, and radar applications. By showing that the self-healing capability works well in such an advanced system, the researchers hope to show that the self-healing approach can be extended to virtually any other electronic system.
"Bringing this type of electronic immune system to integrated-circuit chips opens up a world of possibilities," says Hajimiri. "It is truly a shift in the way we view circuits and their ability to operate independently. They can now both diagnose and fix their own problems without any human intervention, moving one step closer to indestructible circuits."
Along with Hajimiri, Bowers, and Dasgupta, former Caltech postdoctoral scholar Kaushik Sengupta (PhD '12), who is now an assistant professor at Princeton University, is also a coauthor on the paper, "Integrated Self-Healing for mm-Wave Power Amplifiers." A preliminary report of this work won the best paper award at the 2012 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium. The work was funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Air Force Research Laboratory.
What makes an earthquake go off? Why are earthquakes so difficult to forecast? Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Geophysics Nadia Lapusta gives us a close-up look at the moving parts, as it were, at 8:00 p.m. on Wednesday, February 13, 2013, in Caltech's Beckman Auditorium. Admission is free.
Q: What do you do?
A: I study friction as it relates to earthquakes. At a depth of five miles, which is the average depth at which large earthquakes in Southern California occur, the compression on the two sides of the fault is roughly equivalent to a pressure of 1,500 atmospheres. So you can imagine that friction plays an important role. I make computational models that combine our theories about friction with laboratory studies of how materials behave. We try to reproduce what seismologists, geodesists, and geologists see actual earthquakes doing, in order to infer the physical laws that govern them.
Our planet's surface is made up of a bunch of plates that are always moving, and an earthquake happens when the locked boundaries of the plates rapidly catch up with the slow motion of the plates themselves. You get a sudden shearing—a sideways motion that generates the destructive waves that we perceive as shaking.
A number of factors affect this process. If you rub your palms together, you generate heat. An earthquake is a very intensive rubbing of palms, if you will, and so a lot of heat is produced—enough to weaken the rocks and perhaps even melt them.
However, there are pore fluids permeating the rocks—we often get our drinking water from underground aquifers, for example. As these fluids heat up, they expand, which modifies the shearing process. They produce expanding cushions of steam, essentially, which reduce the friction.
The waves generated by the shearing motion put an additional load on the fault ahead of the shear zone, so they actually affect how the shearing progresses. The shear tip sprouts at about three kilometers per second, or 6,700 miles per hour. So an earthquake is a highly dynamic, nonlinear system.
To make things even more interesting, a fault doesn't just sit still for hundreds of years, waiting for the next big earthquake. It's more like a living thing—there are slow slippages between earthquakes that constantly redistribute the forces in the system, and the exact point where an earthquake initiates depends a lot on these slow motions. So we simulate thousands of years of fault history that includes a few occasional, very fast events that last for a few seconds. These calculations are very time-consuming and memory-intense. The Geological and Planetary Sciences Division's supercomputer has several thousand processors, and we routinely use 200 to 400 of them, sometimes for weeks at a time. We would happily use the entire machine, but of course people would yell at us.
Q: How did you get into this line of work?
A: I've loved both mathematics and physics since I was a child. I was born in Ukraine, where my mom was a professor of applied mathematics and my dad was a civil engineer. They used to give me math and physics problems from a very early age. I did my undergraduate studies in applied mathematics in Kiev, and I was thinking of going into materials science. I came to the U.S. for graduate school, and my advisor at Harvard was working on materials failure and on earthquakes, which I found very interesting because it combined math and physics with a problem relevant to society.
My PhD was on frictional sliding and some initial models of earthquakes. Caltech is actually the perfect place to continue that, because it has world-class expertise in all relevant disciplines. I have wonderful colleagues, and the really fun part is working with them. I enjoy interacting with the experimentalists and talking to the people who make field observations or do radar measurements from satellites. They have different perspectives, different terminologies, and different views of the problem, so it's fun to try to explain to them what you mean, and to try to understand what they mean. And the most fun, of course, is when you come to an understanding that leads to new science in the end.
Q: Speaking of societal relevance, what does your work mean for us here in L.A.?
A: Large earthquakes, fortunately, are relatively rare, so we don't have detailed observations of very many of them. Our models, however, allow us to explore scenarios for potentially very damaging earthquakes that we haven't experienced. For example, faults have locked segments and creeping segments. The San Andreas fault has a creeping segment between Los Angeles and San Francisco, and the assumption has been that this segment will confine a large earthquake to either the southern or the northern part of the fault. Only one large urban area would be affected. However, our models show that a through-going rupture may be possible. If that happens, both Los Angeles and San Francisco are affected, and you have a much bigger problem on your hands.
Named for the late Caltech professor Earnest C. Watson, who founded the series in 1922, the Watson Lectures present Caltech and JPL researchers describing their work to the public. Many past Watson Lectures are available online at Caltech's iTunes U site.
PASADENA, Calif.—Richard M. Murray and Michael Ortiz of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have been elected to the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), an honor considered among the highest professional distinctions an engineer can receive. In total, the academy welcomed 69 new American members and 11 foreign associates this year.
"I am absolutely delighted that the Academy has elected Richard and Michael," says Ares Rosakis, the Theodore von Kármán Professor of Aeronautics, professor of mechanical engineering, and chair of the Division of Engineering and Applied Science at Caltech. "This is not only a recognition of their great contributions and unwavering commitment to engineering research and education, but also a confirmation of the great impact Caltech engineers and applied scientists are having on the field."
Richard Murray, the Thomas E. and Doris Everhart Professor of Control and Dynamical Systems and Bioengineering, was cited by the National Academy of Engineering for his "contributions in control theory and networked control systems with applications to aerospace engineering, robotics, and autonomy." His current work focuses on the application of feedback and control to networked systems, especially in the biological realm where he is interested in engineered biological circuits.
"It's a great honor to be elected as a member of the NAE," Murray says. "Caltech's strong support for junior faculty, our ability to recruit outstanding students and postdocs, and the highly collaborative nature of the academic environment have allowed my group to help identify important problem areas and make rapid progress in our research. I am particularly appreciative of all of the encouragement, mentoring, and support that I received as a junior faculty member from the Division of Engineering and Applied Science and my colleagues in mechanical engineering and control and dynamical systems."
Murray earned his BS in electrical engineering from Caltech in 1985, and his MS and PhD, both from the University of California, Berkeley in 1988 and 1990. He returned to his alma mater as an assistant professor of mechanical engineering in 1991 and was made an associate professor in 1997, a professor in 2000, the Everhart Professor of Control and Dynamical Systems in 2006, and the Everhart Professor of Control and Dynamical Systems and Bioengineering in 2009. He served as the chair of the Division of Engineering and Applied Science from 2000 until 2005 and as the director of Information Science and Technology from 2006 until 2009. Murray holds many distinctions. Among them, he is a fellow of the Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers, holds an honorary doctorate from Lund University, and won the 2006 Richard P. Feynman Prize for Excellence in Teaching.
Michael Ortiz, the Dotty and Dick Hayman Professor of Aeronautics and Mechanical Engineering, was cited for his "contributions to computational mechanics to advance the underpinnings of solid mechanics." He is currently the director of Caltech's Department of Energy/Predictive Science Academic Alliance Program's Center on High-Energy Density Dynamics of Materials. His research focuses on the multiscale modeling of materials in order to design and optimize novel materials.
"This is a wonderful and most pleasant surprise for me, especially given the support from colleagues and peers that it implies," Ortiz says of his election to the academy. "I regard this honor really as a recognition not only of the work done by myself, but also of the work of all my students and collaborators over the years. I am forever indebted to them."
Ortiz earned his BS in civil engineering from the Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain, in 1977, and his MS and PhD in the same field from the University of California, Berkeley in 1978 and 1981. He served on the faculty at Brown University from 1984 until 1995, when he accepted a professorship at Caltech. Ortiz became the Dotty and Dick Hayman Professor of Aeronautics and Mechanical Engineering in 2004. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the U.S. Association for Computational Mechanics and the International Association for Computational Mechanics, and has won many prizes, including the Humboldt Research Award for Senior U.S. Scientists and the Rodney Hill Prize in Solid Mechanics.
The election of Murray and Ortiz brings Caltech's total representation in the NAE to 35 faculty members and 11 trustees. The full class of new members brings the total NAE membership to 2,250 members and 211 foreign associates.
PASADENA, Calif.—Scientists have long dreamed of creating a quantum computer—a device rooted in the bizarre phenomena that transpire at the level of the very small, where quantum mechanics rules the scene. It is believed that such new computers could process currently unsolvable problems in seconds.
Researchers have tried using various quantum systems, such as atoms or ions, as the basic, transistor-like units in simple quantum computation devices. Now, laying the groundwork for an on-chip optical quantum network, a team of researchers, including Andrei Faraon from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), has shown that defects in diamond can be used as quantum building blocks that interact with one another via photons, the basic units of light.
The device is simple enough—it involves a tiny ring resonator and a tunnel-like optical waveguide, which both funnel light. Both structures, each only a few hundred nanometers wide, are etched in a diamond membrane and positioned close together atop a glass substrate. Within the resonator lies a nitrogen-vacancy center (NV center)—a defect in the structure of diamond in which a nitrogen atom replaces a carbon atom, and in which a nearby spot usually reserved for another carbon atom is simply empty. Such NV centers are photoluminescent, meaning they absorb and emit photons.
"These NV centers are like the building blocks of the network, and we need to make them interact—like having an electrical current connecting one transistor to another," explains Faraon, lead author on a paper describing the work in the New Journal of Physics. "In this case, photons do that job."
In recent years, diamond has become a heavily researched material for use in quantum photonic devices in part because the diamond lattice is able to protect impurities from excessive interactions. The so-called quietness it affords enables impurities—such as NV centers—to store information unaltered for relatively long periods of time.
To begin their experiment, the researchers first cool the device below 10 Kelvin (−441.67 degrees Fahrenheit) and then shine green laser light on the NV center, causing it to reach an excited state and then emit red light. As the red light circles within the resonator, it constructively interferes with itself, increasing its intensity. Slowly, the light then leaks into the nearby waveguide, which channels the photons out through gratings at either end, scattering the light out of the plane of the chip.
The emitted photons have the property of being correlated, or entangled, with the NV center from which they came. This mysterious quality of entanglement, which makes two quantum states inextricably linked in such a way that any information you learn about one provides information about the other, is a necessary ingredient for quantum computation. It enables a large amount of information to be stored and processed by fewer components that take up a small amount of space.
"Right now we only have one nitrogen-vacancy center that's emitting photons, but in the future we envision creating multiple NV centers that emit photons on the same chip," Faraon says. "By measuring these photons we could create entanglement among multiple NV centers on the chip."
And that's important because, in order to make a quantum computer, you would need millions—maybe billions—of these units. "As you can see, we're just working at making one or a few," Faraon says. "But there are other applications down the line that are easier to achieve." For example, a quantum network with a couple hundred units could simulate the behavior of a complex molecule—a task that conventional computers struggle with.
Going forward, Faraon plans to investigate whether other materials can behave similarly to diamond in an optical quantum network.
In addition to Faraon, the authors on the paper, "Quantum photonic devices in single-crystal diamond," are Charles Santori, Zhihong Huang, Kai-Mei Fu, Victor Acosta, David Fattal, and Raymond Beausoleil of Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, in Palo Alto, California. Fu is now an assistant professor at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington. The work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and The Regents of the University of California.
The recent renovations of the Jorgensen Laboratory included many upgrades that were designed to reflect Caltech's commitment to sustainability. Now the building has achieved LEED Platinum certification, the highest honor of the U.S. Green Building Council.
"Achieving Platinum certification on this building was particularly rewarding given the fact that the building will serve as a studio for sustainable energy research," says John Onderdonk, director of sustainability programs at Caltech.
LEED—Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design—is a voluntary program that provides verification of green building design through a survey of prerequisites and guideline credits. To obtain LEED certification, a building must earn a minimum of 40 points on a 110-point LEED rating system scale. Jorgensen received 87 points—80 is the minimum needed for Platinum certification—for its conservation features, which include a "green" roof, natural ventilation systems, use of on-campus solar photovoltaic power, and low-flow water fixtures, among other environmentally conscious details.
Jorgensen is one of 20 LEED Platinum-certified higher-education lab buildings in the country, and one of seven in the state. It is the second higher-education lab building in the state to receive LEED Platinum certification under the current rating system. Caltech's renovation of the Linde + Robinson Lab also received LEED Platinum status last year.
The Jorgensen Lab officially opened in October 2012 and houses scientists who are focused on clean-energy research.
If you hit something hard enough, it will break, and the consequences can be catastrophic. A space rock roughly the size of Pasadena killed the dinosaurs when it hit the Earth at about 45,000 miles per hour, but even something as small as a bird hitting a turbine blade can bring down an airplane. The damage occurs in the blink of an eye as unimaginable pressures are fleetingly focused on the hapless chunk of rock or metal. The key to survival is to disperse those forces. But how? Caltech professor Ravi Ravichandran is trying to find out.
Guruswami "Ravi" Ravichandran is the John E. Goode, Jr., Professor of Aerospace and professor of mechanical engineering and the director of the Graduate Aerospace Laboratories at Caltech. His PhD thesis on the fracture dynamics of metals under extreme impacts, written at Brown University in 1986, remains one of the classic papers in the field.
At Caltech, Ravichandran studies impacts that pack a wallop of up to a million times the pressure of Earth's atmosphere. Such extreme pressures are actually quite mundane: a head-on collision at 65 miles per hour exerts a force of some 7,000 atmospheres during the millisecond that the vehicles' steel frames buckle. (By contrast, the pressure at the bottom of the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific, the deepest point in the world's oceans, is a mere 1,000 atmospheres.) In a typical experiment, a reconditioned naval gun from World War II shoots an aluminum projectile at a copper plate, compressing it by as much as 30 percent for a millionth of a second. Meanwhile, a laser "camera" records the ripples created by the projectile's kinetic energy as it turns into pressure waves within the copper plate.
The best way we know to dissipate these waves is to pass them through alternating layers of very stiff and very elastic materials. This is the principle behind body armor and bulletproof glass, as Ravichandran vividly demonstrated during his talk by showing a video clip produced by an armored-car company. In the clip, the company's CEO stood behind a bulletproof windshield while his assistant peppered it with three rounds from an AK-47. Spiderwebs of cracks formed in the inner layer of glass and license-plate-sized fragments of the outer layer were blasted free, but the layer of polymer sandwiched between the glass sheets stopped the slugs. If one layer of elastic is good, more layers should be even better. The logical extreme—an infinite number of layers—presents certain manufacturing challenges, so "we're extending this idea of layered media into particulate composites in order to make realistic engineering materials for shock-protection applications," Ravichandran says. Think high-tech sandbags, in other words.
"Engineering with Impact" is available for download in HD from Caltech on iTunesU. (Episode 13)
This week we will be highlighting the student speakers who auditioned and were selected to give five-minute talks about their brain-related research at TEDxCaltech: The Brain, a special event that will take place on Friday, January 18, in Beckman Auditorium.
In the spirit of ideas worth spreading, TED has created a program of local, self-organized events called TEDx. Speakers are asked to give the talk of their lives. Live video coverage of the TEDxCaltech experience will be available during the event at http://tedxcaltech.caltech.edu.
When Matanya Horowitz started his undergraduate work in 2006 at University of Colorado at Boulder, he knew that he wanted to work in robotics—mostly because he was disappointed that technology had not yet made good on his sci-fi–inspired dreams of humanoid robots.
"The best thing we had at the time was the Roomba, which is a great product, but compared to science fiction it seemed really diminutive," says Horowitz. He therefore decided to major in not just electrical engineering, but also economics, applied math, and computer science. "I thought that the answer to better robots would lie somewhere in the middle of these different subjects, and that maybe each one held a different key," he explains.
Now a doctoral student at Caltech—he earned his masters in the same four years as his multiple undergrad degrees—Horowitz is putting his range of academic experience to work in the labs of engineers Joel Burdick and John Doyle to help advance robotics and intelligent systems. As a member of the control and dynamical systems group, he is active in several Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) challenges that seek to develop better control mechanisms for robotic arms, as well as develop humanoid robots that can do human-like tasks in dangerous situations, such as disable bombs or enter nuclear power plants during an emergency.
But beneficial advances in robotics also bring challenges. Inspired as a kid by the robot tales of Isaac Asimov, Horowitz has long been interested in how society might be affected by robots.
"As I began programming just on my own, I saw how easy it was to create something that at least seemed to act with intelligence," he says. "It was interesting to me that we were so close to humanoid robots and that doing these things was so easy. But we also have all these implications we need to think about."
Horowitz's TEDx talk will explore some of the challenges of building and controlling something that needs to interact in the physical world. He says he's thrilled to have the opportunity to speak at TEDx, not just for the chance to talk to a general audience about his work, but also to hopefully inspire others by his enthusiasm for the field.
"Recently, there has been such a monumental shift from what robots were capable of even just five years ago, and people should be really excited about this," says Horowitz. "We've been hearing about robots for 30, 40 years—they've always been 'right around the corner.' But now we can finally point to one and say, 'Here it is, literally coming around a corner.'"


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Complaint Review: ashworth on-line college
ashworth on-line college430 Technology parkway norcross, georgia 30092 norcross, Georgia United States of America
ashworth on-line college I gave the college a $30 check that they cashed, and I never received material, and when I call the 800 number, no one answers, I GOT RIPPED OFF FOR $30 OF non-refundable money for a fake education, I norcross, Georgia
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I found ashworth college on-line for vetenary assistant training, I called them, and they would send me information that I never received, then they told me all about the program, how long do I want to attend, the cost, tuition, etc, they asked how much I could put down on a $700 course, I sent them a $30 check, which was cashed four days later, I have not received anything in the mail and you call the number and their is a message with no answering machine. Their number is 1-800-957-5412 430 Technolgy parkway Norcross Georgia 30092
If there is anything you can do, I would appreciate it, I am on SSDI, and $30 ia lot of money on fixed income.
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I am SO proud of my bean....he has friends too....like six little bean friends, and two little squash heads......there are a few tomatoes and corn pals and some peppers who are considering playing in his garden....but regardless, I can check this off the list I made about 5 years ago (101 things I wanted to do).....plant a garden....if you have an edible plant (even if only your dogs will eat it) it counts. I can't climb up and see the Giant just yet, but he's getting there....I'm a proud Mom of a very ity bity bean garden! My brother helped me create a little spot for my new friends this spring and the fruit of our labor (his labor, my direction) is popping up!
Saturday, June 03, 2006
Hold the Applause....
1 comments:
- Monkeylvr said...
YAY, a BEAN! How proud you must be! I can't compete with that...mom had some peppers that were, and I emphasize WERE, growig outback, so I guess I could have taken credit for that
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