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August 31, 2016
The Rise and Fall of Galaxy Formation
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Cosmic Neighbors Inhibit Star Formation, Even in the Early Universe
Aug. 24, 2016
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Successful First Observations of Galactic Center With GRAVITY
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How Black Hole Jets Break out of Their Galaxies
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June 16, 2016
A team of astronomers has used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to detect glowing oxygen in a distant galaxy seen just 700 million years after the Big Bang. This is the most ...
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Tuesday, July 19, 2016
X marks the spot at the center of the Milky Way galaxy
Tuesday, July 12, 2016
'Frankenstein' galaxy surprises astronomers
Blue is an indicator of first star's supernova explosions: More than 13 billion years old
Friday, July 8, 2016
Study explains why galaxies stop creating stars
Thursday, July 7, 2016
Astronomers find evidence for 'direct collapse' black hole
Wednesday, July 6, 2016
A new look at the galaxy-shaping power of black holes
Tuesday, July 5, 2016
Let there be light: Super bright galaxies of the early Universe
Monday, July 4, 2016
Alma finds a swirling, cool jet that reveals a growing, supermassive black hole
Friday, July 1, 2016
Spiderweb galaxy: Watery dew drops surrounding dusty spider's web
Thursday, June 30, 2016
In the blink of a cosmic eye: Chance microlensing events probe galactic cores
Gravitational lens zooms in on why some quasars have the radio turned down
Autolens analysis steps up for Euclid's 100,000 strong gravitational lens challenge
Wednesday, June 29, 2016
It's not easy being green: What colors tell us about galaxy evolution
Tuesday, June 28, 2016
Hubble reveals stellar fireworks in 'skyrocket' galaxy
Clandestine black hole may represent new population
Monday, June 27, 2016
Minor mergers are major drivers of star formation
Thursday, June 23, 2016
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Wednesday, June 22, 2016
Astrophysicist probes theory of black-hole accretion
Friday, June 17, 2016
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Thursday, June 16, 2016
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Wednesday, June 15, 2016
Black holes and the prospects for measuring gravitational waves
Monday, June 13, 2016
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Wednesday, June 8, 2016
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Tuesday, June 7, 2016
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Monday, June 6, 2016
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Wednesday, June 1, 2016
Astronomers smash cosmic records to see hydrogen in distant galaxy
Elliptical galaxies not formed by merging
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Wednesday, May 25, 2016
Supermassive black holes in 'red geyser' galaxies cause galactic warming
Tuesday, May 24, 2016
Astrophysicists detect most luminous diffuse gamma-ray emission from Arp 220
Monday, May 23, 2016
Astronomers confirm faintest early-universe galaxy ever seen
Thursday, May 19, 2016
Cosmic heavy metals help scientists trace the history of galaxies
Wednesday, May 18, 2016
A beautiful instance of stellar ornamentation
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Hubble spies a spiral snowflake
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Bright dusty galaxies are hiding secret companions
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Thursday, May 5, 2016
Measuring a black hole 660 million times as massive as our sun
Wednesday, May 4, 2016
Second strongest shock wave found in merging galaxy clusters
Tuesday, April 26, 2016
Nearby massive star explosion 30 million years ago equaled detonation of 100 million suns
Friday, April 22, 2016
Dark matter does not contain certain axion-like particles
Cosmic beacons reveal the Milky Way's ancient core
Monday, April 18, 2016
HAWC Gamma-ray Observatory reveals new look at the very-high-energy sky
Thursday, April 14, 2016
Dwarf dark galaxy hidden in ALMA gravitational lens image
Wednesday, April 13, 2016
Spectacular concentration of galaxies known as the Fornax Cluster
Wednesday, April 6, 2016
Supermassive black holes may be lurking everywhere in the universe
Monday, April 4, 2016
Fast radio burst 'afterglow' was actually a flickering black hole
Thursday, March 31, 2016
Hubble's journey to the center of our galaxy
Wednesday, March 30, 2016
Trigger for Milky Way's youngest supernova identified
Tuesday, March 29, 2016
Earth-space telescope produces hot surprise
Wednesday, March 23, 2016
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In the wilds of the Local Group, a lonely galaxy stays set apart
Tuesday, March 22, 2016
Astronomers report most 'outrageously' luminous galaxies ever observed
Monday, March 21, 2016
Tiny, ancient galaxy preserves record of catastrophic event
Ultra-fast winds near supermassive black hole equivalent to a category 77 hurricane
Thursday, March 17, 2016
Hubble unveils monster stars
A source accelerating Galactic cosmic rays to unprecedented energy discovered at the center of the Milky Way
Wednesday, March 16, 2016
Students map Milky Way with dwarf stars
Thursday, March 10, 2016
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Wednesday, March 9, 2016
Dark matter satellites trigger massive birth of stars
Thursday, March 3, 2016
Hubble breaks cosmic distance record: Sees universe soon after Big Bang
Thursday, February 25, 2016
Object located around a black hole 5 billion light-years from Earth has been measured
Wednesday, February 24, 2016
ATLASGAL survey of Milky Way completed
Monday, February 22, 2016
Galaxy trailed by stunning plume of gas
Thursday, February 11, 2016
The sleeping giant NGC 4889 harbors a dark secret
Tuesday, February 9, 2016
Scientists discover hidden galaxies behind the Milky Way
Thursday, February 4, 2016
A violent wind blown from the heart of a galaxy tells the tale of a merger
Thursday, January 28, 2016
Monstrous cloud boomerangs back to our galaxy
Wednesday, January 27, 2016
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The Milky Way's clean and tidy galactic neighbor
Monday, January 25, 2016
In galaxy clustering, mass may not be the only thing that matters
Friday, January 22, 2016
Newly discovered star offers opportunity to explore origins of first stars sprung to life in early universe
Thursday, January 21, 2016
Dark 'noodles' may lurk in the Milky Way
Dazzling diamonds in the sky
Friday, January 15, 2016
Signs of second largest black hole in the Milky Way
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Wednesday, January 13, 2016
'Green pea' galaxy provides insights to early universe evolution
Friday, January 8, 2016
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Thursday, January 7, 2016
NASA's Great Observatories weigh massive young galaxy cluster
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Wednesday, January 6, 2016
Globular clusters could host interstellar civilizations
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Tuesday, December 15, 2015
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Monday, December 7, 2015
Radio shadow reveals tenuous cosmic gas cloud
Friday, December 4, 2015
ALMA spots monstrous baby galaxies cradled in dark matter
Thursday, December 3, 2015
Faintest galaxy from the early universe, 400 million years after the big bang
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text:
|HylaFAX The world's most advanced open source fax server
Lee Howard typed (on Fri, Jan 06, 2006 at 01:27:23PM -0800):
| If you see any documentation to the contrary, let me know, as that | documentation would be in error.
Well, what I see is that the faxaddmodem man page stinks, badly.
What is the username field anyhow? Why would one ever use it?
And having run the command you suggest, and restarting the hfaxd daemon, root still canNOT faxrm a job submitted by another user: "504 Cannot kill job: Not privileged."
____________________ HylaFAX(tm) Users Mailing List _______________________ To subscribe/unsubscribe, click http://lists.hylafax.org/cgi-bin/lsg2.cgi On UNIX: mail -s unsubscribe hylafax-users-request@xxxxxxxxxxx < /dev/null *To learn about commercial HylaFAX(tm) support, mail sales@xxxxxxxxx*

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Actually, a couple of things look different. You may have noticed that eteamz made a few changes today and I wanted to say a few things about them.
First and foremost, the eteamz home page looks a little different. Some things remain the same: pretty much everything from the main navigation menus and up. We wanted to leave this so that those visitors that use those menus to get right to what they're looking for can still do so. With the rest of the page, we wanted to focus more on our web sites than we have been recently. After all, we're approaching 3 million teams that have been represented on eteamz sites so it's something that people come here looking for.
Couple things that aren't on the home page anymore are direct links to the Message Boards, Tournament Finder and the top sports pages. But fear not! Like I said, we left the navigation menu as is, so you can get to the message boards through the "Community" menu and the sports are still listed in the drop-down as well. Also, we added a sort of quick search tool where you can easily do a simple search for eteamz sites, tournaments or announcements.
Something else that was added today was a feature for our community members. All of the member-generated content (on the boards, in announcements, etc...) is unmoderated because the eteamz community has always been able to kind of police itself. Today, we've added a tool for members to do that even better. Any piece of member-generated content now has a "Report Abuse" link so members can more easily alert eteamz staff to content that the community feels violates the eteamz terms of use, or the spirit of the community.
As always, we'd love to hear all your feedback about these changes, or anything else going on with eteamz. If you have specific support-related questions, please continue to use the support forums on the site.
Hope everyone has a happy Thanksgiving and enjoys the long weekend next week. We've got a few more changes coming before the end of the year, so check back with the blog often to stay up to date with what's going on.


text:
Photo: Courtesy of Food Network
12 thick-cut slices smoked bacon
½ cup good mayonnaise, such as Hellman's
½ cup ketchup
8 slices good white bakery bread, cut ½-inch thick
4 to 8 tender green lettuce leaves, washed and spun very dry
2 large ripe tomato, thickly sliced
Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper
1 rotisserie chicken
Preheat the oven to 400 degrees. Place a baking rack on a sheet pan and arrange the bacon on a rack in a single layer. Bake for 15 to 25 minutes, until the bacon is browned and crisp. Drain on paper towels and set aside.
Combine the mayonnaise and ketchup in a small bowl and spread each slice of bread with about 1 tablespoon of the mixture and cover with a lettuce leaf. Place 3 slices of bacon on top of the lettuce and then add a layer of tomato slices on top of the bacon. Slice half of the breast of the rotisserie chicken in thick pieces and place a slice of chicken on top of the bacon. Sprinkle liberally with salt and pepper. Reserve the remaining chicken.
Spread each of the remaining 4 slices of bread with 1 tablespoon of the mayonnaise/ketchup mixture and place, dressing side down, on the sandwiches. Cut in half and serve.


text:
DEC 04, 2013 - TheStreet
A Must Read - Share
NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- Stock performance has always been an important measuring stick for the Biotech CEO of the Year award. But in a year when seemingly every bio-pharma company -- even the worst of the bunch -- managed to deliver outsized returns, worthy nominees for Best Biotech CEO of 2013 had to bring more than a double-digit (or even triple-digit) jump in their stock price. I actually had more worthy nominees (15) for the award this year than slots (5) in the final, which further exemplifies the kind of magical year it's been in bio-pharma land. To vet the crowd, I decided to group
Read More
Editor's Picks
Hey you have no friends!!! Get to work and start inviting friends to help build your Comunitee. Click Here to invite friends.
© 2011 Comunitee, Inc.


text:
About Us
For Individuals with PAP
For Health Professionals
For Researchers
For Volunteers
For the Media
Contact Us
For Individuals with PAP
Please select a section below:
What is PAP?
Frequently Asked Questions
How is PAP Diagnosed?
Signs of PAP
Clinical Trials
PAP Resources
PAP Support
PAP Registry
National and State Resources
Helpful Links
What is PAP?
What is Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis?
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis, commonly known by the acronym PAP, is a rare lung disease characterized by the build-up of grainy material in the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs. This grainy material is composed mainly of phospholipid (a fat-like substance) and protein. Phospholipid and protein are the key components of lung surfactant, an important substance that coats the alveoli to prevent lung collapse and which promotes oxygen absorption by the lungs.
In normal lungs, specialized immune cells called alveolar macrophages swallow and remove inhaled particles and excess surfactant from the alveoli. In the most common form of PAP, it has been suggested that the alveolar macrophages do not function properly and consequently cannot break-down and remove the material they swallow. They become inefficient at clearing material from the lungs.
In PAP patients, the accumulation of excess surfactant material in the alveoli makes it increasingly difficult for the lungs to absorb oxygen from inhaled air. This leads to breathing difficulties such as shortness of breath and cough. Respiratory failure may occur in severe cases. In addition to breathing problems, many PAP patients acquire secondary infections, frequently caused by opportunistic pathogens. Interestingly, some patients with the disorder exhibit no symptoms.
PAP may progress in severity, remain stable, or spontaneously clear. The lower and rear lung regions are most commonly affected. Occasionally only the front segments of the lungs may be involved.
Three forms of PAP are currently recognized: congenital, secondary, and acquired. The congenital disease is most frequently diagnosed in infants and is considered a genetic disorder that has been linked to mutations in a gene encoding for a type of surfactant protein. In a limited number of cases it has been linked to a defect in a growth factor receptor.
Secondary PAP is diagnosed in individuals who may exhibit a primary disease that causes the alveolar macrophages to malfunction or reduces the number of alveolar macrophages in the lungs.
Acquired PAP (also known as idiopathic PAP) is the most common form of PAP, accounting for 90% of all cases. It is considered to be an autoimmune disease in which an individual produces antibodies that target an important growth factor for destruction by the immune system.
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes PAP?
PAP is a condition in which surfactant, a normal milky substance lining the lungs, accumulates to abnormally high levels and results in a feeling of breathlessness. There are several different clinical forms or types of PAP; primary (also called idiopathic or occasionally acquired), secondary and congenital forms. Primary PAP is associated with high levels of antibodies that recognize and neutralize an essential blood protein called GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor). Secondary PAP occurs as a consequence of another clinical condition that reduces either the numbers or function of alveolar macrophages. Congenital PAP is a less-well characterized collection of specific lung diseases that are due to genetic defects in the genes responsible for production of normal surfactant.
What are the Symptoms of PAP?
Primary PAP usually starts without notice and then gradually gets worse until a feeling of breathlessness (dyspnea) becomes apparent and progresses. Some patients also have cough and / or may produce small amounts of whitish phlegm (sputum). Fever can be present if infection is also present. Rarely, an affected individual may cough up blood (hemoptysis) or have chest pain, especially if lung infection is also present.
What is GM-CSF and how is it related to primary PAP?
GM-CSF is a cytokine required to stimulate certain lung cells (alveolar macrophages) to destroy (catabolize) surfactant. The ability of GM-CSF to stimulate alveolar macrophages to destroy surfactant results in removal (clearance) of surfactant from the lungs. In fact, GM-CSF is required to stimulate the ability of alveolar macrophages to remove excess surfactant. Antibodies that recognize GM-CSF and are capable of neutralizing its function (neutralizing anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies) effectively eliminate the function of GM-CSF bound by the antibody. This, in turn, prevents GM-CSF from activating surfactant destroying pathways in alveolar macrophages and thus blocks their ability to remove excess surfactant, which then accumulates abnormally.
What is the natural history of PAP?
PAP can follow one of three different pathways over time. In the first group, patients have an improvement in their symptoms either spontaneously or after one or more whole lung lavages. In the second group, the symptoms continue without spontaneous improvement or worsening. In the third group, the clinical symptoms progressively decline.
What are the treatment options for PAP?
Whole lung lavage is the most commonly used treatment for primary PAP and is currently considered to be "standard therapy".
In addition standard therapy, several new "experimental" approaches for the treatment of PAP are currently under evaluation in clinical research studies. One form involves GM-CSF administration, either by injection under the skin (subcutaneous administration) or by breathing in a fine mist of saline that contains GM-CSF (aerosol administration). Another involves a procedure known as plasmapheresis in which antibodies are removed from the blood stream. Another therapy involved treatment to reduce the number of antibody-secreting blood cells (B lymphocytes).
What is a lung lavage?
Whole lung lavage is a procedure in which the patient is placed under general anesthesia, a double-lumen endotracheal tube (a special "Y" shaped plastic breathing tube) is positioned with one end of the "Y" in each lung and the other end protruding out from the windpipe (trachea) and mouth. This allows air to be moved into and out of one lung using a ventilator (mechanical breathing machine) while saline (salt water solution) is flowed into and drained out of the other lung to "wash out" the excess surfactant. Approximately 15 to 50 liters of saline is used to wash each lung. After completing the lavage of the firs lung, the second lung is washed. In most, but not all centers, there is a period of one or more days between lung lavages to allow the patient to recover.
How common is PAP?
PAP is a rare disorder. The number of people affected by PAP has been estimated to be about 3.7 per million individuals.
Where can I find detailed information (published medical literature) about PAP?
Click here to find published papers about PAP (Coming Soon)
Glossary in Important Terms
to see the glossary.
How is PAP diagnosed?
PAP can be suspected on the basis of clinical symptoms (dyspnea) and the results of a chest x-ray and/or chest CT scan. The chest x-ray in PAP typically reveals the presence of whitish, fluffy shadows scattered throughout both lungs (referred by doctors as a diffuse, bilateral alveolar filling or ground glass pattern). The chest CT scan in PAP typically reveals a pattern commonly referred to as "crazy paving", which consists of areas of increased whitish shadows (ground glass opacities) adjacent to areas of normal appearing lung (a geographic distribution) scattered throughout the lungs that is superimposed on thick white lines (septal wall thickening).
Notwithstanding clinical suspicion, PAP is still diagnoses by directly observing the abnormal appearance of a sample of the abnormal lung tissue (lung biopsy). A lung biopsy can be obtained during bronchoscopy (called a transbronchial biopsy) or by the surgeon (an open lung biopsy).
A new technique, referred to as the "anti-GM-CSF antibody titer" determination, is currently being used in clinical research studies to identify individuals with primary PAP. High levels of anti-GM-CSF antibodies are present in individuals with primary PAP, but not secondary PAP, congenital PAP, other lung diseases or normal, healthy individuals. The anti-GM-CSF antibody titer test is currently in a period of testing to determine how well it predicts the presence of primary PAP in individuals suspected of having the disorder. Investigators hope that current studies will establish this test as a simple and very useful tool that can be used to diagnose primary PAP in the future.
Signs of PAP
Primary PAP usually starts without notice and then gradually gets worse until a feeling of breathlessness (dyspnea) becomes apparent and progresses. Some patients also have cough and / or may produce small amounts of whitish phlegm (sputum). Fever can be present if infection is also present. Rarely, an affected individual may cough up blood (hemoptysis) or have chest pain, especially if lung infection is also present.
Genetics of PAP
(coming soon)
Clinical Trials
How can I help in the development of new therapies for PAP?
You can help by learning about and participating in the ongoing research studies to develop new diagnostic methods and therapy for PAP. The Rare Lung Diseases Consortium (RLDC) is a group of clinical research centers and patient organizations (the Rare Lung Disease Foundation Consortium) who are collaborating together to speed the pace of PAP research and development.
for more information about the RLDC.
Choosing to participate in a clinical trial is an important personal decision. It is often helpful to talk to a physician, family members, or friends about deciding to participate a clinical trial. The following frequently asked questions provide a basic introduction to clinical trials. Clinical trials currently recruiting research participants are listed at the bottom of this page.
What is a clinical trial?
A clinical trial (also called clinical research) is a research study using human volunteers designed to determine the safety and effectiveness of a drug, biologic (such as a vaccine), device (such as prosthesis) or other treatment or behavioral intervention. Carefully conducted clinical trials are the fastest and safest way to find treatments that work in people and methods to improve health. Interventional trials determine whether experimental treatments or new ways of using known therapies are safe and effective under controlled environments. Observational trials address health issues in large groups of people or populations in natural settings.
Why participate in a clinical trial?
Participants in clinical trials can play a more active role in their own health care, gain access to new research treatments before they are widely available, and help others by contributing to medical research.
Who can participate in a clinical trial?
All clinical trials have guidelines about who can participate. The factors that allow someone to participate in a clinical trial are called "inclusion criteria" and those that disallow someone from participating are called "exclusion criteria." Using inclusion and exclusion criteria is an important principle of medical research that helps to produce reliable results. These criteria are based on such factors as age, gender, the type and stage of a disease, previous treatment history, and other medical conditions.
Before joining a clinical trial, a participant must qualify for the study. Some research studies seek participants with illnesses or conditions to be studied in the clinical trial, while others need healthy participants. It is important to note that inclusion and exclusion criteria are not used to reject people personally. Instead, the criteria are used to identify appropriate participants and keep them safe. The criteria help ensure that researchers will be able to answer the questions they plan to study.
What happens during a clinical trial?
The clinical trial process depends on the kind of trial being conducted. The clinical trial team includes doctors and nurses as well other health care professionals. They check the health of the participant at the beginning of the trial, give specific instructions for participating in the trial, monitor the participant carefully during the trial, and stay in touch after the trial is completed. Some clinical trials involve more tests and doctor visits than the participant would normally have for an illness or condition. For all types of trials, the participant works with a research team.
Clinical trial participation is most successful when the protocol is carefully followed, including frequent contact with the research staff. The protocol is a study plan on which all clinical trials are based. The plan is carefully designed to safeguard the health of the participants as well as answer specific research questions.
A protocol describes what types of people may participate in the trial; the length of the study; and if applicable, the schedule of tests, procedures, medications, and dosages. Participants in an interventional (treatment) clinical trial are seen regularly by the research staff to monitor their health and to determine the safety and effectiveness of their treatment. Whereas, there are other types of research trials that involve interviews, questionnaires, or surveys instead of interventional treatment.
What is informed consent?
Informed consent is the process of learning the key facts about a clinical trial before deciding whether to participate. It is also a continuing process throughout the study to provide information for participants. To help someone decide whether to participate, the doctors and nurses involved in the trial explain the details of the study. If the participant's native language is not English, translation assistance can be provided. Then the research team provides an informed consent document that includes details about the study, such as its purpose, duration, required procedures, and key contacts. Risks and potential benefits are explained in the informed consent document. The participant then decides whether to sign the document. Informed consent is not a contract, and the participant may withdraw from the trial at any time. If a participant is a non-English speaking person, federal guidelines require a version of the consent form be provided in a language the participant can understand.
What is a protocol?
A protocol is a study plan on which all clinical trials are based. The plan is carefully designed to safeguard the health of the participants as well as answer specific research questions. A protocol describes what types of people may participate in the trial; the schedule of tests, procedures, medications, and dosages; and the length of the study. While in a clinical trial, participants following a protocol are seen regularly by the research staff to monitor their health and to determine the safety and effectiveness of their treatment.
What is a placebo?
A placebo is an inactive pill, liquid, or powder that has no treatment value. In clinical trials, experimental treatments are often compared with placebos to assess the experimental treatment's effectiveness. In some studies, the participants in the control group will receive a placebo instead of an active drug or experimental treatment.
What is a control or control group?
A control is the standard by which experimental observations are evaluated. In many clinical trials, one group of patients will be given an experimental drug or treatment, while the control group is given either a standard treatment for the illness or a placebo.
Do I get to choose which group (experimental or control) to participate in?
No, each person who agrees to participate in a clinical trial that compares an experimental medicine or device with a standard treatment or placebo is randomly assigned (that is by chance) to one or the other group. In general, the participant and the research team do not know the group assignment until after the study is completed.
What difference does it make if I know (or the research team knows) that I am in the experimental or control/placebo group?
Knowledge of this information may influence a participant�s or study team�s reporting of how things are going in the study. For example, if the participant and/or study team knows that the participant is in the experimental group, an adverse event such as a skin rash might be reported as being �likely� related to the experimental medicine, instead of �possibly related�. Or the participant might report adverse events more frequently than if he/she was unaware of the group assignment. However, if the participant and/or study team knows that the participant is in the control/placebo group, the skin rash would be reported as �unrelated� and more importantly, the participant in this group might report worsening of his/her illness or condition, when there has been no change.
What does �single-blind� or �double-blind� mean?
�Blinding� is a procedure in which one or more persons in the research trial are kept unaware of the treatment assignment(s). Single-blind usually means that the research participant is not told of the treatment assignment. Double-blind usually means that the research participant, investigator, study coordinator/nurse, study sponsor, and in some cases the data analyst are kept unaware of the treatment assignment. The purpose of a �blinded� study design is to remove the unintentional bias that can affect the interpretation of the research information that is collected, if the treatment assignment is known.
What are the benefits and risks of participating in a clinical trial?
Well-designed and well-executed clinical trials provide the best approach for eligible participants to:
Play an active role in their health care decisions.
Gain access to new research treatments before they are widely available.
Obtain expert medical care at leading health care facilities during the trial.
Help others by contributing to medical research.
Clinical trials entail risks, which may include:
There may be unacceptable worsening of the illness or condition if the participant is randomly assigned to a control group and/or receives a placebo.
There may be unpleasant, serious or even life-threatening side effects to experimental treatment.
The experimental treatment may not be effective for the participant.
The protocol may require more of their time and attention than would a non-protocol treatment, including trips to the study site, more treatments, hospital stays or complex dosage requirements.
What happens if my illness or condition gets worse while participating in a trial?
A participant has the right to withdraw his/her participation in a clinical trial at any time for any reason including unacceptable worsening of his/her illness or condition regardless of whether or not it is related to the study. It is important for the participant to read the consent form carefully to understand what the consequences (if any) are for early withdrawal from the study.
Is an �adverse event� the same as a �side effect�?
No, these two terms do not have the same meaning. An adverse event (or experience) describes an unfavorable event or experience that occurs after a participant begins the research study. The event or experience may be reported by the research participant (such as �I was feeling dizzy all day�) or observed by the researcher (such as an abnormal lab test result). The occurrence of an unfavorable experience or event does not necessarily mean that it is associated with (or caused by) the experimental drug, device or treatment. Generally, an adverse event/experience is considered a �side effect� when it occurs much more frequently in participants who are in the experimental group than in the control group and there isn�t a reasonable explanation for the occurrence of the event.
What should people consider before participating in a trial?
People should know as much as possible about the clinical trial and feel comfortable asking the members of the health care team questions about it, the care expected while in a trial, and the cost of the trial. The following questions might be helpful for the participant to discuss with the health care team. Some answers should be addressed in the informed consent document.
What is the purpose of the study?
Who is going to be in the study?
Why do researchers believe the experimental treatment being tested may be effective? Has it been tested before?
What kinds of tests and experimental treatments are involved?
How do the possible risks, side effects, and benefits in the study compare with my current treatment?
How might this trial affect my daily life? How long will the trial last?
If I am assigned to a control or placebo group, will I be given a chance to receive the experimental drug/device/treatment later on?
Will hospitalization be required?
Who will pay for the experimental treatment?
Will I be reimbursed for other expenses?
What type of long-term follow up care is part of this study?
How will I know that the experimental treatment is working?
Will results of the trials be provided to me?
Who will be in charge of my care?
What if I change my mind about participating in the study?
Where do the ideas for trials come from?
Ideas for clinical trials usually come from researchers. After researchers test new therapies or procedures in the laboratory and in animal studies, the experimental treatments with the most promising laboratory results are moved into clinical trials. During a trial, more and more information is gained about an experimental treatment, its risks and how well it may or may not work.
What are the phases of clinical trials?
PHASE I TRIALS: These studies include the initial introduction of new drugs usually in healthy human volunteers to determine how the human body metabolizes the drug and what the associated side effects are with increasing doses. Generally, less than 100 volunteers participate in this type of study.
PHASE II TRIALS: These are controlled clinical studies conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a drug or device for a particular symptom or symptoms in patients with the disease or condition under study and to determine the common adverse effects and risks. These types of studies generally involve no more than several hundred participants.
PHASE III TRIALS: These are larger controlled and uncontrolled studies conducted after preliminary evidence suggests effectiveness of an investigational drug or device. These studies generally involve several hundred to thousands of participants to gather additional information about effectiveness and safety and adequate basis for physician labeling.
PHASE IV TRIALS: These studies are commonly referred to as �post-marketing� studies because they are generally conducted concurrent or after marketing approval to obtain additional information about risks, benefits, and optimal use of a drug or device. These studies could include, but would not be limited to, studying different doses of a drug that were not done during Phase II trials, or use of a drug/device in other patient populations.
For More Information
One of the 20 institutes at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). The NLM developed a website that provides regularly updated information about clinical research in human volunteers --
, where you will find additional links to other medical research resources, such as:
Access to all clinical trials
A glossary of terms related to clinical trials
MedlinePlus � an access to medical journals and latest health news
Genetics Home Reference � a guide to understanding genetic conditions
Information about research supported by NIH
PAP Resources
View the PAP Brochure.
Rare Lung Disease Consortium (RLDC) Clinical Research Centers
Locate a Clinical Center participating in the
Rare Lung Disease Consortium (RLDC)
Physician Referral
Locate a doctor familiar with PAP near you. (Coming Soon)
PAP Support
PAP Online Discussion Group
Participate in the PAP Foundation's
Online Support & Discussion Group.
PAP Foundation Mailing List
Join the PAP Foundation�s mailing list
. This will permit us to send new information about PAP to you as soon as becomes available.
Additional Support
is an online gathering place that offers support and information for kids, teens, and adults who battle chronic illness or who have a disability. This site has different sections for adults, teens and kids including articles, columns, fiction, games, humor and more. There are also separate sections for parents and caregivers.
PAP Registry
(coming soon)
National and State Resources
Important Resources:
American Lung Association
American Thoracic Society
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
National Institutes of Health
National Organization for Rare Disorders
Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network
Rare Lung Diseases Consortium (RLDC)
Office of Rare Diseases
National Home Oxygen Patient's Association
Web Site:
Helpful Links
American Society of Human Genetics
DNA From the Beginning
Genetic Alliance
Genetics Home Reference: Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Brain Tumor Resource Guide
Child Neurology Society
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Neurosurgery at Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard
Society for Neuroscience
Washington School of Medicine � Department of Neurology
Kidney Cancer Association
National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases
National Kidney Foundation
PKD Foundation
American College of Cardiology
American Heart Association
American Lung Association
LAM Treatment Alliance
LAM Foundation
LAM Action (UK)
Skin / Dermatology
American Academy of Dermatology
Plastic Surgery Information Services
Dermatology Image Atlas � Johns Hopkins University
General health Research
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
General Health Sites
American Academy of Family Physicians
American Academy of Pediatrics
(health information for the whole family)
Food and Drug Administration
(search engine)
Medline Plus: Drugs, Supplements and Herbal Information
National Institutes of Health
The National Alliance for Hispanic Health
University of Texas � Houston Medical Education Information Center
U.S. National Library Of Medicine
Family Village � Disability-Related Resources
Families USA � The Voice for Health Care Consumers
Federal Resource Center for Special Education
National Family Caregivers Association
Medic Alert Foundation United States
(Charitable medical air transportation resources)
School Psychology Resources Online
Side By Side Inc.
(This Brookline, Massachusetts group provides supported residential, vocational/educational, social, and therapeutic services for adults with psychiatric or developmental disabilities to live as independently as possible in communities of their choice.)
Special Child
(Resource Foundation for Children with Challenges)
Technical Assistance Alliance for Parent Centers
(Advice on home and community-based services)
The National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities
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About the Book
Hailed as the "Israeli Kite Runner" (The Bookseller), this international bestseller and publishing phenomenon is the bittersweet story of one family, one home, and the surprising arc of one woman's life, from the poverty of her youth to the glowing love and painful losses of her adult years.
Braiding together past and present, Every House Needs a Balcony tells the story of a young Jewish girl—a child of Romanian immigrants—who lives with her family in the poverty-stricken heart of 1950s Haifa, Israel. Eight-year-old Rina, her older sister, and their parents inhabit a cramped apartment with a narrow balcony that becomes an intimate shared stage on which the joys and dramas of the building's daily life are played out. It is also a vantage point from which Rina witnesses the emergence of a strange new country, born from the ashes of World War II. Later, after years of living abroad with her wealthy Spanish husband in Barcelona, Rina, longing for the simple life she has missed, returns to the Haifa of her boisterous youth, a move that soothes her soul but ultimately endangers her marriage.
Beautifully told, rich with questions of identity, love, and survival, Every House Needs a Balcony is an unforgettable social and historical portrait of a neighborhood and a nation. Steeped in the colors and smells, laughter and tears, of Rina Frank's own childhood memories, it is a heartbreaking tale about the deepest meanings of home.
Educator and Librarian Resources
Product Details
- Imprint: HarperCollins e-books
- On Sale: 06/08/2010
- Pages: 336
- List Price: 6.99 USD
- BISAC1: FICTION / General


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Africa Women's Championship
Rwanda vs. Kenya
KENYA women's team arrived in the country yesterday ahead of Sunday's qualifying match for the 9th edition of the African Women's Championships against Rwanda due at Stade de Kigali.
The team which arrived aboard Kenya Airways has been accommodated at Alpha Palace hotel and will hold their training session today at Ferwafa turf.
Speaking to Kenyan media, head coach Justine Okiring is confident his side will post good results against Rwanda this weekend.
"We have camped for only two days at the Safaricom Stadium and I believe we will give our best," Okiring told Kenya's FeverPitch on Tuesday
He added: "I hope for positive results before the return leg. Most of my players are experienced as they play in the national league. We have to work with whatever we have for now and maybe later plan how to prepare well for the return match in two weeks," Okiring noted traveling earlier will be an added advantage for the players to acclimatise before the match day.
Okiring has recalled some key players who took part in the under-20 Fifa World Cup qualifiers in 2012. They include captain of the team Neddy Atieno, Mural Auma and Wendy Achieng'.
Starlets will be among 25 countries fighting for the seven tickets for the finals in Namibia from 11-25 October.
The squad: Anneta Waweru, Vivian Akinyi, Rosemary Aluoch, Joyce Anyago, Doris Anyango, Julia Gathoni, Slyvia Wasilwa, Esther Nandika, Euphresia Khakasi, Ann Aluoch, Jacky Ogol, Martha Karimi, Mural Auma, Wendy Achieng, Pauline Musungu, Agnes Mutio, Esse Akida, Neddy Atieno, Elizabeth Ambogo, Irene Momanyi.


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- Gaiam Blog - http://blog.gaiam.com -
That Apple Could Power Your Home
Posted By E.B. Boyd On July 21, 2009 @ 8:12 am In Green Living, Green Tech | No Comments
Take a look at a pile of food scraps, and most eco-minded folks think "compost [1]." And sure enough, that's a great way to recycle. (Or is it "reuse"?)
In any case, there's another use for your rotting apple cores and moldering orange peels: Energy. A few municipalities have started setting up facilities to capture the biogas that escapes as organic matter decomposes and turn that gas into energy.
In California, a program at the East Bay Municipal Utility District collects food waste [2] from restaurants and commercial food processors in Contra Costa County (next to Oakland) and San Francisco (which just signed a mandatory composting policy for businesses and residents) and tosses the waste into an anaerobic digester where bacteria break the food down. As they do, up bubble methane and carbon dioxide, which are captured and used to power the utility's wastewater treatment plant. A similar plan is in the works in nearby San Jose, CA, and other municipalities are looking into setting up similar plants.
Private companies are also getting into the action. A company in England that makes prepared food for Marks & Spencers is planning to set up an anaerobic digestion plant [3] and generate heat and electricity at one of its sites. And an onion farm in southern California has started using [4] the juice from its onions [4] to create power for its lighting and refrigerators.
The programs aren't cheap to get started. The onion farm, for example, says it will be at least five years before it starts seeing a return on its investment. But in the long run, these kinds of systems not only create a new source of renewable energy, they also help cut down on carbon emissions. Discarded food is the second largest category of waste that ends up in landfills [5]. The EPA estimates that we Americans send over 30 million tons of food waste to the dump every year. As it breaks down, that food sends methane into the air. According to the EPA, landfills are the second largest source of human-caused methane in the country.
Best of all, the program doesn't undermine the composting power of food scraps. The solid waste that's left over after the gas is captured is still turned into fertilizer for crops.
For more, here's a nifty video from the EPA, explaining how the process works (2:38).
Article printed from Gaiam Blog: http://blog.gaiam.com
URL to article: http://blog.gaiam.com/that-apple-could-power-your-home/
URLs in this post:
[1] compost: http://life.gaiam.com/gaiam/p/Compost-A-to-Z-Complete-Guide-to-Composting.html
[2] collects food waste: http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/jul2009/2009-07-15-093.asp
[3] anaerobic digestion plant: http://newenergyfocus.com/do/ecco.py/view_item?listid=1&listcatid=32&listitemid=2539§ion=Bioenergy%20%26%20Waste
[4] using: http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-onions-fuel17-2009jul17,1,6891708.story
[5] waste that ends up in landfills: http://life.gaiam.com/gaiam/p/3WaystoSlashYourTrashZeroWasteIsRecycling20.html
[6] Lime.com: http://www.lime.com/blog/e_b_boyd/2009/07/21/apple_could_power_your_home
[7] jbloom: http://www.flickr.com/photos/32123311@N00/502155430/
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2007 Gaiam Community Blog. All rights reserved.


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Kendon Industries announces a new limited edition 20th Anniversary Dual Rail Trailer. Featuring a unique orange and black paint and graphic package, this special trailer package includes several new accessories as well as many popular existing upgrades. These include improved security locks for wheels and coupler, new wider ramps, new clamp design to lock the trailer open, LED lights, a full size spare, custom trailer cover, and a full set of tie-downs and wheel chocks. Kendon states the complete accessory package saves a customer over $500 compared to buying each option separately.
The new 20th Anniversary Trailer retails for $3,895.95 and is available now through the exclusive U.S. supplier for Kendon trailers, Tucker Rocky/Bikers Choice. For more information on this and the complete range of Kendon products, go to www.kendonusa.com.
posted by Dennis Johnson
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Play any type of Game at Y8.com. The biggest Game Collection to play free online. Flash, Unity 3D, Html5, Android, Java and Shockwave.
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The Fatal War, "If I can't find a way, I'll make one."


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Two prominent Social Democrats wrote an article together today in Dagens Nyheter. Thomas Östros, former minister for industry and trade and Luciano Astudillo, Member of Parliament are responsible for developing a new job policy for their party.
They claim in the article that one of the reasons they lost the election last year to the Centre-right coalition was that they didn't focus enough on unemployment. How to bring people outside the labour market to work was the single most emphasised topic from the winning alliance.
The article contains a lot of self criticism. The Social Democrats, they write, relied too much on the business cycle boom to solve the unemployment problem. People didn't see their solutions and didn't realise that they took the problem seriously. "The day when people don't think the Social Democrats has a good program to put people to work, that day we don't deserve to win elections" write Östros and Astudillo.
The writers now want an open discussion on what they can do better regarding job politics. They criticise the government's method of cutting unemployment benefits. No substantial proposals comes however in the article. Instead they emphasise some fields of particular importance. That is for example the youth unemployment, opportunities for small enterprises to grow and employ, the sector of services, research and creating "better" jobs that people appreciate
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The Holy Roman Empire 1495-1806
|2nd edition
|Publication Date
|July 2011
|Paperback Ebook (EPUB) Ebook (PDF)
|Palgrave Macmillan
|Studies in European History
The Holy Roman Empire covered much of Europe and lasted for over a millennium, but has long been regarded as ineffective and largely irrelevant to broader historical issues.
Drawing on a wealth of research, Peter Wilson offers an alternative interpretation of the Empire's last three centuries.
The Holy Roman Empire 1495-1806, second edition:
• explains key stages in the Empire's development within the context of wider European history
• provides a comprehensive guide to its institutions and the central debates
• incorporates the latest scholarship and has been fully revised and updated throughout, offering more in depth treatment of major issues
• features a new chapter on whether the Empire can be considered the first German nation state.
Clear and concise, this established book is an ideal introduction for anyone who is studying the structure and significance of the Holy Roman Empire and its impact on early modern Europe.


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The Obamas on 'The View': Live Blog
President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama stopped by the daytime talk show "The View" on Monday, and their visit is airing now. The appearance of the First Couple on "The View" comes as world leaders have arrived in New York for the United Nations General Assembly.
Join our live blog of the Obamas's taped appearance on "The View."
Follow @cjfarley on Twitter.
We're live-blogging the Obamas on "The View" starting now.
The show says this is the first time the First Couple have appeared on the show together.
They also promise to tell us whether the First Daughters are allowed to go on Facebook yet.
Barbara Walters was born on Sept. 25, 1929. Whoopi Goldberg wishes her happy birthday, and Walters asks them to move on. They go to a break–and promise the first couple will be there when we return.
It'll be interesting to see what Elisabeth Hasselbeck has to say to the Obamas.
Barack and Michelle Obama come out. The President is holding a basket.
The President says "For her birthday, rather than her having to steal napkins" from the White House he decided to bring Walters gifts. The basket is filled with goodies from the White House, including a White House golf ball.
Walters starts with the light stuff. They launch into a discussion of the coming anniversary of The First Couple.
Walters asks Michelle to describe the President's personality.
"He's funny, I'm funnier," The First Lady says. She also describes him as open and giving.
The President talks about the the First Couple's First Kiss. They were having ice cream in Chicago and he asked if he could kiss her. There is now a plaque on the curb where the kiss took place.
Joy Behar asks how the First Lady knows about how the President's day has gone. She says they catch up on the serious things after dinner when the kids have gone.
She's asked how her daughters handle any negative things people say about the President. "They're pretty tough," The First Lady says.
What do you think of the interview so far, readers? Leave your thoughts in the comments.
Hasselbeck weighs in. She says that she genuinely likes them both. She asks if his administration is failing the middle class."The unemployment rate has dropped" but is still too high the president says.
The president continues. He says "you've got two different visions" in this presidential campaign. He says that the problems the country faces are not going to be solved overnight.
Walters asks if it would really be so bad if Romney won. Obama says Americans don't want to just survive, they want to thrive. He says that his administration wants to grow the economy from the middle out, not the top down.
Obama is asked about redistribution. He mentions that his daughters aren't going to a public school and talks about the fact that people who succeed need to open the door for others.
"There's no excuse for just sitting back and wating for something good to happen to you," Obama says.
"On the other hand, our economy has always worked best when everybody gets a shot," Obama adds.
Obama seems to be using Romney's comments about the 47 percent to position himself. He's portraying himself as a president who cares about the middle class, and just needs more time to allow middle class Americans to feel the effects of the economic recovery. And he's painting Romney as a man who is championing trickle-down economics that favor the rich.
Behar wants to talk about Libya and the anti-Islam video. Did the video spur the recent attacks on the U.S. Embassy or was it terrrorism?
"We're still doing an investigation. There's no doubt that the kind of weapions that were used, the ongoing assault, that it wasn't just a mob action," the president says.
"Part of the mesage for us is that the overwhelming majority of Muslims they want the same things that families here want–they want opportunity, their kids want an education, they want jobs, they want peace, but there are extremist frames that are there," the president says.
The President says of the Embassy attack: "We're not going to shrink back from the world because of this. We are going to hunt down those that did this. We will bring them to justice."
Goldberg asks the president about how you balance freedom of speech and being responsible about what you say.
"There's never an excuse for violence, I don't care how offensive this video was–and it was terribly offensive," Obama says.
He adds, "In the age of the internet, and the way that any knucklehead who says something can post it up and suddenly it travels all around the world, every country has to recognize that the best way to marginalize that kind of speech is to ignore it, or to speak out against it and use words to counteract those words and to affirm that we respect all religions."
Obama says that showing respect for other people and other traditions is something he and Michelle have tried to teach their kids. "You don't make yourself bigger by putting other people down, and you certainly don't make yourself bigger by putting down someone that they consider their prophet any more than Christians here would apprecate if someone's going around desecrating or putting down our religion."
The First Lady says "I have the best job because I don't have to make the hard decisions."
"I'm jumping rope and hula-hooping," The First Lady adds.
"It takes a lot of patience to be the President of the United States, and I'm not that patient," Michelle Obama says.
Has his time in the White House strengthened his bond with the First Lady? Yes, according to the President. Obama says "We spend more time together in some ways now than we did earlier in our marriage. Because I live above the store. I've got a 30-second commute."
Goldberg asks Obama what he'll be doing in five years.
Michelle Obama says they'll "go on a long vacation." She wants to retrace their honeymoon route. They drove from San Francisco and ended in Los Angeles. "We spent about a week in a car together, eating good food, drinking wine."
Walters asks Obama what he's going to do with his life in the future. "Well, first things first here–we do have an election ahead. There are all kinds of things I want to do in a second term. Putting folks back to work, making sure our schools are up to snuff, and we got another war to wrap up. You know, in a post-presidency, the thing that I think I'll enjoy most is spending time working with kids. I love teaching, I miss teaching."
He said he wasn't sure that a future teaching role would be in a classroom, but he wanted to give kids a "sense of possibility."
Obama ended by wishing Walters happy birthday.


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Edmonton Celebrates Small Business Environmental Heroes
October 20, 2011
When your company car is a scooter, you know you've gone green.
That's what Edmonton company Earth Legacy has done, and their efforts have paid off as one of seven Edmonton small businesses rewarded through the City of Edmonton's Small Business Eco Challenge Awards.
The certificates and cheques from the City of Edmonton are only part of the winnings. These companies also have the pleasure of knowing they reduced their carbon emissions, reduced their environmental footprint, and blazed a trail for other small businesses in the community.
The challenge encouraged small businesses to take steps to reduce their environmental impact in any or all of the six The Way We Green challenge areas: energy and climate change, food resiliency, solid waste reduction, land conservation, water protection and air quality.
In total, 14 local businesses submitted nominations for the challenge which awarded first, second and third place prizes in the small business categories of 1-10 employees, 11-50 employees and 51-100 employees.
The cash prize awards and certificates were presented in a ceremony held October 20 at the Business Link.
'We value the contributions and efforts by small businesses to reducing their environmental impact. These efforts will help Edmonton achieve the sustainability and resilience vision contained in The Way We Green," says Gary Klassen, General Manager, Sustainable Development with the City of Edmonton.
The Winners
1-10 employees
1st place: EcoAmmo
EcoAmmo provides sustainable building design and construction consulting as well as sustainable operations consulting, carbon monitoring and event tracking for other business.
- Uses energy – efficient lighting/switch off non-essential equipment
- Local food suppliers for catering
- Paper-free office – no printer, fax or copier
- Encourages clients to implement water saving strategies at events
2nd place: Earth Legacy
Earth Legacy provides landscape design, implementation and education for sustainable landscapes and permaculture.
- Wind powered web site
- Company vehicle is a scooter
- Landscapes designed by the company encourage soil preservation, water catchment and biodiversity
- No pesticides, herbicides or chemical fertilizers are used
3rd place: Jasen Maminski – Web Development
Jasen is a web site builder of over 10 years experience. He has created websites and web applications for numerous companies, governments and industries.
- Home-based business reduces GHGs and energy use
- Company reimburses staff costs for bus or LRT travel
- Catering services through local businesses using locally-grown produce
- Employees encouraged to limit printing of documents
11-50 Employees
1st place: Oil Country Engineering Services
Oil Country Engineering provides consulting, design and testing services to the oilfield manufacturing industry.
- Systems operated with purchased 100% renewable energy
- Vericomposting for lunch scraps
- Offices cleaned with natural, biodegradable cleaning products
- Creating a Goods Sharing website for employees to share belongings
2nd place: PC Corp
PC Corp offers business to business network infrastructure implementation and support as well as large volume procurement.
- Offers its clients remote service options for network support
- Encourages clients to use EPEAT or Energy Star-rated equipment
- Requires all suppliers to report on their environmental practice
- Company Green Practices Committee to meet environmental obligations.
3rd place: Solstice Canada Corporation
Solstice Canada is an environmental consulting company specializing in soil assessment, remediation, project management and air photo interpretation.
- Renovated building to be eco-friendly
- Employee Green Team of employees
- Purchases locally grown vegetables or other products for lunches
- Works with clients to recognize and protect areas of ecological significance
51-100 employees
Winner: Urban Systems
Urban Systems provides consulting services in transportation planning, stormwater management, landscape architecture and community planning
- Renovate existing downtown building for walkability
- Purchases bus passes for its employees and bike share program for employees
- Meatless Monday potluck
- Uses bicycle couriers for deliveries
The challenge was launched during Environment Week in June and winners were announced in October during Small Business Week and Waste Reduction Week.
Visit Small Business Eco Challenge for more information on the prize winners.


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Madison — R.J. Julia Booksellers took orders for hundreds of copies of Hillary Clinton's "Hard Choices" Wednesday morning, setting the stage for the potential Democratic presidential candidate's upcoming book-signing at the store, a shoreline institution.
Clinton's July 19 appearance is billed as a strictly non-speaking engagement.
"I hope she runs for president," said Vitty O'Toole, a Madison woman waiting in line for the store's 10 a.m. opening. "She has the power and the experience."
Bookstore staff began taking phone orders at 8 a.m. By 10, scores of people, most of them women, had queued up on the sidewalk outside, hoping to reserve copies of the former first lady's chronicle of her years as U.S. secretary of state.
A reservation for the book-signing, which will include a copy of Clinton's book at the time of the signing, went for $35, plus tax.
Late in the day, Lori Fazio, R.J. Julia's general manager, said the store's six phones had not stopped ringing.
"I expect we'll sell out by the time we close tonight (at 8)," she said. "If not, we'll sell them tomorrow."
Fazio said she could not say how many copies of Clinton's book had been sold or what the store's capacity would be for the book-signing, citing heightened security surrounding the event. A Secret Service detail will be assigned to protect Clinton.
While some consideration had been given to having the book-signing at a larger venue, Clinton's schedule dictated otherwise, Fazio said.
"The option would have been to have it off-site and have her speak, but it depended on her schedule," she said. "What worked best was a straight signing in the store."
An East Lyme woman who declined to give her name said she learned of Clinton's upcoming appearance early Wednesday morning, decided not to bother trying to reach the store by phone and drove directly to R.J. Julia's downtown Madison location.
"I'm a supporter of Hillary — and a collector of signed books," she said.
Rob Hammel of Killingworth, one of the few men in line, arrived outside the store at 9:30, when there was only a smattering of people. He said he faced a far greater wait when Mariano Rivera, the retired Yankees relief pitcher, signed copies of "The Closer: My Story" at R.J. Julia in May.
Nor would the line for Clinton's appearance rival the one occasioned years ago by Don Imus. The radio "shock jock" drew thousands to the store, where he signed books for half the day.
Hammel said he was "a fan" of Hillary and expects her to run for president.
O'Toole, the Madison woman, who noted she shares Clinton's alma mater (Wellesley), said the former first lady is just what's needed in the nation's capital.
"I lived in Washington for years when my husband was a reporter for The (Washington) Post, so I know what a mess it is down there," said O'Toole, who described herself as an "independent Democrat."
"This was always a pretty solid Republican town," she said, "so I generally kept my mouth shut when the talk turned to politics."
State police: Tractor-trailer struck 6 vehicles in East Lyme I-95 crash
No time to relax as Whittle's farm readies for Labor Day weekend
St. Bernard opens for 60th school year with changes underway
North Stonington resident state trooper charged with threatening woman
Waterford soldier's remains come home after more than 60 years


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Granbury man gets life without parole for killing mom in 2010 in Plano
A Granbury man was sentenced Friday to life in prison without the possibility of parole after a jury convicted him of capital murder in the death of his mother.
Collin County jurors deliberated about four hours before finding Thomas Grady Layton guilty of fatally shooting 64-year-old Grada Layton of Plano during the course of a robbery.
Prosecutors say Thomas Layton, 48, talked often about wanting his mother dead. He was unemployed and addicted to drugs, so she supported him financially. He shot her in the back of the head and in the chest as she dozed one night in a recliner in her Plano home in May 2010. Prosecutors believe his motive was to get access to her money but say no one will ever know for sure why he did it. Layton took some items from the house to make it look like a robbery. Then he took his mother's debit card and credit cards and went on a spending spree. "He couldn't wait for her to die," prosecutor Thomas Ashwood said.
Defense attorneys freely admitted Layton used drugs. But smoking meth, living off his mother's generosity and talking like a sailor doesn't make him guilty of murder, defense attorney Robbie McClung said. She tried to cast doubt on the testimony of Layton's stepson, who told jurors and police that Layton confessed to him about to killing his mother.
The gun used in the shooting, believed to belong to Grada Layton, was never recovered. But Layton's stepson testified that he saw Layton filing down bullets before the shooting to interfere with any future ballistics testing. The bullets recovered from the scene were marred.
In an interview with a Plano detective, Layton discussed the last time he saw his mother. But he denied borrowing a friend's car and heading to Plano, even though a surveillance video from a Benbrook 7-Eleven captured him there in the middle of the night with a flat tire. Layton's stepson said that was the night Layton killed his mother.
When his mother's body hadn't been discovered after several days, Layton called police for a welfare check. The responding officer reported no visible signs of a problem and no reason to force his way into the home. Police asked Layton to come to Plano and check on his mother himself.
He called 911 shortly after midnight on May 30 to report she was dead, her body badly decomposed. She had to be identified through dental records.


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Parkersburg Police arrested a man who was caught in the act of trying to burglarize a Fairview Avenue home Sunday.
Craig Ryan Clark, 28, 32 Forrest Ave., Parkersburg, was arrested Sunday on a burglary charge. He was placed in Wood County Holding Center to await his arraignment.
At around 11:22 a.m. Sunday, Parkersburg Police received a burglary in progress call, Chief Joseph Martin said in a press release.
Officers located Clark in the fenced, back yard of the residence.
"The subject observed the officer and fled the immediate area on foot," Martin said. "The uniform officers pursued the suspect into Kroger's Store, Seventh Street.
"While inside the store the suspect removed his jacket in an attempt to further his escape from police. The suspect was able to elude officers for a brief time, until he was stopped in the area of the City Park by another officer," Martin said.
Officers located Clark's jacket and spoke with Kroger's employees who also located potential evidence that was hidden inside the store.
Recovered stolen property was returned to the proper owners.
Clark was placed under arrest and taken to the Parkersburg Police Department where he was interviewed.
"The result of the investigation revealed that Clark went to a specific residence on Fairview Avenue and knocked on the door and entered when there was no answer," Martin said. "While inside the residence, Clark removed an amount of jewelry and fled the residence once (Parkersburg Police Department) uniformed officers arrived at the scene.
"The recovered stolen property was returned to the proper owners."
If convicted of burglary, Clark could face one to 15 years in prison.
"The department will be following up with information gleaned from this arrest in the coming days to close the current burglary investigations in this area of the city," Martin said.


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Relishing The Competition – Mano a Mano Tactics
Glove slap! Throw down the gauntlet! Honour must be satisfied! Thus begins some of the most epic one on one battles that for some reason require items of hand clothing. None the less, I have watched with anticipation as an increasing number of games arrive that allow challenges of single combat to be made. I feel I should clarify though, that while fighting games mastered this field of video game violence years ago, I never did. The shame of my button mashing was only matched by the fact I still lost anyway. So unfortunately I have no experience to speak of on the fighting genre. Not to worry though! If, like me, you enjoy the thrill of testing your mettle against another human bean without risk of death then read on, because I'm going to ramble about some cool games that I like to play!
First up is a game y'all might have heard about. Chivalry: Medieval Warfare was pretty popular even as a mod. Now that it is it's own independent woman that don't need no man, it has become one of the première ways to face off mano a mano. Not only does it provide a gruesome simulation of limb severance but if you stray from the wildly swinging denizens of 24/7 Team Deathmatch servers you may find yourself in my favourite part of the game. The duel servers used to only exist as deathmatch servers with a social contract and now has it's own server type. Despite the fact that the new servers make sure that your fight won't be interrupted, the scores are properly tallied and you can spectate properly (which is an awesome list of improvements), I liked the fact that it required everyone to know the rules. You must initiate a duel by taunting at another player. Watching someone shout a war cry and bash their mace against their shield and reciprocating by pointing your sword at them while screaming in their face was an apt way to begin something that ended in dismemberment. It was also pretty amusing to watch people who broke the rules get chased down yakety sax style, by everyone else on the server. Fighting amongst other pairs of people made it all feel more epic somehow, like gladiators in a coliseum. Now that you are insta-teleported into nicely designed two man duel arenas people want to get straight down to business.
In reality this is all beside the point because the main event is the combat. What many may see as wild swinging (and this may be what the uninitiated are doing) don't be fooled as one miss-timed swing can see your head bounce off the floor (which is also really cool because the camera stays in first person as it rolls!). Ducking, parrying, feinting and moving around blocks are all finely crafted tools that make the combat artful and deeper than it would first appear. Knowing the weapons of your enemy and your own strengths can give you an edge; for instance, knowing that bladed weapons do more damage to less armoured foes, while blunt maces and hammers can be slower but more effective for knights in heavy armour. Then there is the actual moment to moment swordplay. The satisfaction of lulling your enemy into a rhythm of block, swing, block, swing and then switching the tempo on them by cancelling an attack half way through to catch them just as they're putting down their guard is great. It involves prediction, quick thinking and risk taking to pull off the most impressive wins.
To make sure that this article doesn't just read as an endorsement of the amazing Chivalry: Medieval Warfare (buy it now on Steam for £18.99!) I want to talk about other games that pit two people's skill against one another!
A game I'm eager to play is Samurai Gunn. After watching this video I can imagine bringing it out when disputes with friends can't be settled any other way. Seeing the tense moments of planning and waiting then the few frantic seconds of calculated slashing and shooting. Things like limited ammo (both yours and your opponent's) to keep track of and being able to parry a slash with your own is right up my street. It makes the win more glorious when you can spray blood all over the screen, their remaining pixels floating apart from each other. That awesome stylised "Showdown at sunset" is a great climax to a tense game. For the moment I have settled for Teknopants' other game, 0Space, which is similar but a completely different type of mayhem.
For the pacifists who are reading this and getting worried at my bloodlust, have no fear! If you prefer competitive sport then BaraBariBall might be up your street. It has fast paced 2 or 4 player ball control gameplay where you can play as a guy with pixelated nipples. No really, it has a brilliant pixels-meet-buddhist-art style that makes it's own beat with the gameplay because most of the sound effects are drums or chimes. To score, you must put the ball in the water on your opponent's side of the map. Doing this involves lots of jumping and slapping the ball out of the other guy's hands. Most of the time you will be moving into a position that will let you steal the ball or let you throw it into the goal without interception. On the rare occasion when you can bait somebody into running out of jumps and watching them fall into the water, their foul and your new point can feel pretty satisfying.
Overall its the thrill of getting one over on someone and learning how to judge your options in any situation that grabs me. Relishing the competition set by a single person who can beat me and make me better is always a fresh feeling. More than anything though, it is the perfect feint, realising in an instant that you can win this if only you can pull off the timing on this clever move. And if it looks awesome while you're at it then that is a nice bonus!
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First person slayer, wrha!


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Bredon offers a secure, friendly environment from Key Stage 1, all the way through to the Sixth Form.
Curricular and extra curricular focus
We provide a full curriculum of both academic and vocational subjects at GCSE and Advanced level. Yet we fully understand that the way in which each child develops in those subjects is different. Some may learn best in a classroom setting, others will learn through exploration; still others will gain tremendously from the performing arts or from their growing sporting prowess.
The following pages will give you a flavour of the different parts of the school, their character and feel, as well as the subject areas.
Learning support
Bredon has a long standing reputation for its special educational needs provision and each child is offered the necessary support and teaching to enable them to make progress.
2015 Exam results headlines
- The overall A level pass rate was 89.5%, with 10.5% of students gaining an A*- B grade.
- 100% of A Level Photography students achieved A-B grades, and in German and Art & Design, 100% of students receiving their AS qualifications secured A-B grades.
- 100% of students achieved a pass in BTEC (Levels 1 & 2) qualifications for Countryside & Environment and also in Engineering.
- In the OCR National qualifications for ICT and Business Studies, Bredon students achieved a 100% pass rate.
- For students taking GCSE qualifications, 62.4% achieved grades A*-C.
2014 exam results headlines
- 100% pass rate for students taking A Level / Level 3 qualifications (grades A*-E).
- 61% of students at A Level/Level 3 achieved a grade A*-B.
- 100% of students receiving OCR Sport and ICT qualifications, at Level 3, achieve grades A*-B.
- 100% pass rate for BTEC (Levels 1 & 2) qualifications for Countryside & Environment and Engineering, and in ICT and Business for OCR Nationals.
- For students taking GCSE qualifications, 46.6% achieved grades A*-C.


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Tuesday, Dec. 6, 2011
AIKEN CTY., S.C. -- An Aiken County student has been selected as one of two South Carolina student delegates that will participate in the U.S. Senate Youth Program for 2012. The announcement was made today by Sens. Lindsey Graham and Jim DeMint.
Alexis Brewe of Graniteville, along with Jared Allen Thompson of Dalzell, will represent the Palmetto State at the program's 50th Anniversary Washington Week from March 3-10.
Alexis is a student at Aiken High School and serves on the student council. She is the daughter of Jamie and John Brewe.
By being selected, Alexis will receive a $5,000 undergraduate college scholarship in addition to the all-expenses-paid trip to the nation's capital. She will visit Capitol Hill, the White House, the Pentagon, the State Department, the Supreme Court and other historic sites in Washington, D.C. They will then meet with senators, cabinet officers, government leaders and other policy-makers.
The USSYP is sponsored by the Senate and fully funded by The Hearst Foundations with no government funds utilized. The selection is administered by the state's chief school officer in cooperation with high school principals.


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Spanish media has reported that Lionel Messi had a scuffle with Real Madrid defender Álvaro Arbeloa after the Real Madrid-Barcelona match on Wednesday.
According to Punto Pelota and Marca, right after the 'Clasico' which ended in a draw, Messi went to face Arbeloa in the parking lot of Santiago Bernabéu stadium and insulted him calling him 'dumb' among other things. Arbeloa who was in his car with his wife, was surprised of Messi's reaction. A Barcelona employee grabbed the Argentine to take him back to Barcelona's bus, according to eyewitnesses.
Marca also published Real Madrid squad is upset with Messi's behavior inside and outside the pitch. The Argentine had several encounters during the game with Arbeloa and Xabi Alonso who marked him up at all times. At the 78 th minute of the game both Arbeloa and then Xabi Alonso touched the Ballon d'Or winner in his face which prompted a reaction by Messi who complained to the linesman as seen in the video above.
Messi was not at the level he normally is in this type of matches, but he made the assist to Cesc Fabregas who scored Barcelona's only goal on Wednesday.


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Residents on the Big Bend coast are weathering the storm tonight -- Some folks in Alligator Point say they're used to being around water, but not like this. Despite some of Fay's worst--flooding roads and blowing rain into beach houses--Alligator Point is not inaccessible.
Tommy Sadler, was working during the storm for Franklin County. He said, "I've seen it worse, but I've seen it better too. There's not as much wind--just a lot of water."
Residents have been advised not to drive during this storm, but there have were a few people driving out in high winds and officials are telling people that they need to watch out for the power lines.
Some residents say they're braving the storm to look after their property--remembering what happened after Hurricane Dennis in 2005. Tom Perkins, who owns a home in Alligator Point said, "When I came down here, we had to come across by boat and I caught two looters in my house. That was twelve hours after Dennis hit." Now, during Fay, Alligator Point residents are keeping an eye out, but they're also catching a break when they can.


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by Dejan Jelovic
I've been using Java on a daily basis for about two years now. Some things I like very much. Some things irk me and make my life really hard. This article contains a list of things that have either made my life considerably easier as opposed to the time when I program in C++, or considerably harder.
Things that make programming in Java a joy as compared to C++:
1. Inner classes and anonymous classes are cool. C++ doesn't have them, and that sucks big time. (Actually, I'd prefer anonymous functions, as most of the things I write in-place are implementations of one-function interfaces like Runnable.)
2. Reflection (an enhanced version of RTTI) is cool. Good run-time type information makes exposing parts of a program to a scripting engine easy. It also makes things like dynamic proxies and RMI easy to implement without requiring one to use IDL.
3. A controlled environment such as a VM means that there is no chance of corrupting the memory. Thus when a bug happens one usually has much more evidence about what caused it than in a typical native program.
4. Java standardizes on a naming convention that is clean and readable. My eyes hurt when I look at an average C++ program.
5. Java comes with a large standard library. The library has packages for a platform-independent GUI, threads, sockets, encryption, etc.
Here are the things that make me curse Java designers on a daily basis:
1. No support for types with value semantics. I frequently use iterators in my designs. And when I send an iterator into a function, I want to send a copy, not the iterator that I still own and want to use.
2. No resource management facilities. Garbage collector takes care of unused memory, but what about files, sockets, bandwidth and similar resources which need to be disposed of as soon as they are not used any more? In C++ I can do that painlessly by using reference counting smart pointers and destructors.
3. Checked exceptions. Checked exceptions are evil because they put implementation details (which exceptions are thrown) into interfaces. So instead of letting me propagate the exceptions until the place where the transaction started, Java is forcing me to handle them locally because large portions of the standard library use checked exceptions. I get around this by catching them, wrapping them into an exception derived from RuntimeException and re-throwing, but that is both painful and leads to information about the exception being lost.
4. No const keyword. The const keyword is great. It ensures that an object sent into a function will not get changed, which is one of those nice guarantees that a function can make.
5. No multiple inheritance. I've heard all kinds of arguments against multiple inheritance. It's complicated. One can form the "diamond of death" using multiple inheritance. It can lead to bad designs. Yet I have never seen any piece of code that misuses multiple inheritance. Most people simply don't use it. Those that do usually put it to good use and create crisp, elegant designs that avoid tall, monolithic hierarchies.
6. Sun's complacency about bugs. I've hit against numerous important bugs in the Java libraries. After I isolate a bug I usually check the bug database at java.sun.com to see if there are any workarounds. More often than not, I can see that the bug has been reported a couple of years ago, and that Sun has ignored it. To add to the insult, asshole engineers at Sun sometimes close the bug as unreproducible with a comment like "if someone doesn't send me a piece of code demonstrating this bug, I'm closing it." Like they are doing me a favor for letting me report a bug. Jesus.
In all the years that I have programmed under Windows I didn't find as many bugs as I stepped on for the last two years working in Java. And, none of the bugs in the Windows API were showstoppers. Unfortunately, some of the bugs in the JDK are. For example, the clipping region of a Graphics obtained from a lightweight component by calling getGraphics() is wrong. Finding a way around that kind of bug is a nightmare.
7. The Java GUI library does not define an order in which events will be fired, and it does not define exactly which events will be fired when. This means that JDK, IE and Netscape will fire events differently on a single platform, Windows. Throw in additional platforms, and you've got a whole big mess.
8. Java makes me pay, in run-time size and speed, for using data types. If I have a C++ program that counts apples and oranges, I can have types AppleCount and OrangeCount that make sure that I never mix the two. Since these types would are simple wrappers around int and use only inline functions, the end program will be as fast and as small as if I had used int, only more type-safe. Unfortunately, in Java, I have to pay in both program size (as additional .CLASS files are shipped), and in execution speed (the compiler is unable to erase type information from data types used in interfaces).
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Photo courtesy Philip Greenspun.