text:
Remember the mass scare on Facebook a while back where almost everyone changed their status to "I want to stay connected to you PRIVATELY, but you need to uncheck this that and the other"? It has come around again, but this time it's a meme about Facebook's "Graphic App". And guess what? It's yet another completely pointless pile of rubbish tips that won't protect anyone from anything. The first giveaway is in the supposed "Graphic App", which doesn't actually exist. From there on it just gets more and more silly.
The "Graphic App" Update Spiel
Here's what it says:
Hello to all of you who are on my list of contacts of Facebook. I would like to ask a favour of you. You may not know that Facebook has changed its privacy configuration once again. Thanks to the new "Graphic app", any person in Facebook anywhere in the world can see our photos, our "likes" and our "comments". During the next two weeks, I am going to keep this message posted and I ask you to do the following and comment "DONE". Those of my friends who do not maintain my information in private will be eliminated from my list of friends, because I want the information I share with you, my friends, to remain among my friends and not be available to the whole world. I want to be able to publish photos of my friends and family without strangers being able to see them which is what happens now when you choose "like" or "comment". Unfortunately we cannot change this configuration because Facebook has made it like this. So, please, place your cursor over my photo that appears in this box (without clicking) and a window will open. Now move the cursor to the word "Friends", again without clicking and then on "Settings". Uncheck "Life Events" and "Comments and Like". This way my activity with my family and friends will no longer be made public. Now, copy and paste this text on your own wall (do not "share" it!). Once I see it published on your page, I will un-check the same for you. Thanks so much!
Debunking The Spiel
Yes, this is a hoax — another Facebook Myth. It may have been started with good intentions, but in reality it just makes people think that they're safe when they aren't. That, and it makes friends jump through a bunch of useless hoops to supposedly protect a friend and maintain their friendship. Let's walk you through what's actually going on here.
There is no such thing as the "Graphic App". They most likely mean to refer to Facebook Graph Search, which has recently been opened up to everyone using the US dictionary. Graph Search makes it easy to search for things that are available for you to view on Facebook. For instance, you could search for "Photos of my friends liked by my friends" in order to view a good collection of the best photos of your friends. This may involve viewing photos uploaded by people you don't know, but only if that person's privacy settings allow it.
What Are You Actually Doing By Following These Steps?
The spiel tells you to hover over their photo, then hover over "Friends" and "Settings", then uncheck "Life Events" and "Comments and Like". These settings are actually used to change what you see from said friend. So, if I follow these instructions, I will no longer see "Comments and Likes" or "Life Events" from this friend. I'll still see the other things they post, but I've essentially told Facebook that I don't want to see those particular things from this person. This is what you should do if you are sick of seeing your friend posting about their new job, adding dozens of "Me too" comments or liking everything they see. And yes, you do see these things if you're watching the ticker feed.
What Are These People Trying To Stop, Exactly?
What these instructions don't do is what they claim to do. These instructions will not stop strangers from seeing the things your friend shared that their friends liked. To be a little less confusing, consider the following scenario:
Fred is worried about his Facebook privacy, as he heard that strangers might be able to see his life events, comments and likes. If Fred hasn't locked down his privacy settings and isn't careful about where he comments and what he likes, this may be true. If Fred comments on or likes a public update by Bill, the comment or like may be seen by anyone who has liked Bill's update, commented on Bill's update or is friends with Bill. They may see this in their ticker feed, on their home page, on Bill's Timeline or in the results of a search. Fred should protect his privacy by refraining from commenting on or liking public posts.
Instead, Fred re-posts this fancy spiel about the "Graphic App" and hopes that all his friends follow the instructions, then mumbles to himself about Facebook wanting to expose all of his private data. He hopes he won't have to un-friend all of his friends in two weeks when he finds they haven't followed these instructions.
What Should You Do Instead?
For starters, lock down your profile to be "Friends-only" using Facebook's privacy settings. You can even change all your old posts to follow suit if you like. This step is as much for your privacy as it is for your friends' (as you'll see in the next step).
Next, talk to your friends about privacy settings and see if you can convince them to limit their profiles to "Friends-Only". If they do this, this means that when you comment or like something of theirs it will be viewable to only your friends and their friends.
Read more about Facebook Graph Search and the best Graph Search privacy tips you can make use of. In particular, untag yourself from public photos or photos you don't like. Check your timeline to see what things you've liked in the past and how public those likes are. Everything can be adjusted.
Finally, don't like or post comments on public updates if you have a problem with people seeing that you've done this. Check before you comment on or like something. A public post will have an image of a globe on it. But keep in mind that even friends-locked posts can be made public later if the poster changes their settings. Always be prepared for these things to become more public down the track.
Have you seen a lot of these "Graphic App" updates? Were you tempted to re-post it?


text:
Today I mourn his death, but my heart celebrates his freedom.
Tuesday, November 8, 2011
{The Day He Died}
Today I mourn his death, but my heart celebrates his freedom.
8 comments:
I love the picture of Gavin hugging Madi. The childhood innocents is beyond me. That picture speaks to me more than any other one. Love lives there!
- November 8, 2011 at 12:35 PM
you r amazing...this is a beautiful website
- November 8, 2011 at 1:42 PM
Your family remains in my thoughts and I am sad to hear that you had to go through this pain.
- November 8, 2011 at 5:48 PM
- Suzan said...
Oh my goodness, my heart hurts for you just as much today as it did 2 years ago. Gavin was such a precious boy, thank you for sharing him and your journey with us...he has truly touched my heart! May the Lord continue to bless you all!
- November 8, 2011 at 6:14 PM
I have followed your blog for over a year. You are an amazing woman and have such a beautiful family. Gavin has inspired me to be a fighter! I love the photo of Gavin giving his big sister a hug!!! L.O.V.E. Is what I see/feel when looking at your pics and reading your blog. e
- November 8, 2011 at 6:21 PM
- Krissy said...
I wish I had an inch of your strength and faith. You are beyond amazing in so many ways. You are truly an inspiration.
- November 9, 2011 at 9:36 AM
How sad--yet beautiful. I can see that God has blessed you to be able to see the beauty in the release of pain of this life. Thinking of you today.
- November 9, 2011 at 9:38 AM
- Amanda said...
What a beautiful way to remember your amazing boy. Thank you for sharing your inspiring words with us.
- November 10, 2011 at 2:10 PM

subset: commoncrawl


text:
NYT - Nate Silver: When internal polls mislead, a whole campaign may be to blame
Pollsters can expect to take their share of blame when their campaigns lose, and this year has been no exception. Not long after Barack Obama and Democrats had a strong night on Nov. 6, Republicans began to complain publicly that the polls conducted by their campaigns and by affiliated groups implied considerably more optimistic outcomes for them than actually occurred.
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text:
Multiple-Choice: Choosing the Best Options for More Effective and Less Frustrating Law School Testing
Janet Fisher
Suffolk University Law School
April 2, 2009
Capital University Law Review, Vol. 37, p. 119, 2008
Suffolk University Law School Research Paper No. 09-21
Multiple-choice testing presents challenges and frustrations not only for the students who take the tests, but also for the doctrinal faculty who prepare and score the tests and for the academic support faculty who work with students having difficulty with multiple-choice tests. This article discusses means by which the multiple-choice testing experience in law school could be improved for both students and faculty. After a brief overview of the history of multiple-choice testing, the article describes problems that arise in connection with multiple-choice testing and the possible effects of flawed multiple-choice questions. The article then reviews basic multiple-choice item-writing guidelines and some general principles of test validity. For this, the article draws upon the work of law professor Michael Josephson and testing authority Thomas Haladyna. Finally, the article evaluates appeal and answer-justification procedures that could be used to enhance multiple-choice testing.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 19
Date posted: April 2, 2009
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text:
SCOOBA – East Mississippi Community College freshman guard Mack Foster has been named the MACJC Men's Basketball Player of the Week for his performances during last week's EMCC victories over a pair of rival schools.
Foster, a product of West Bolivar High School, stepped up in a big way to average 23.0 points, 8.0 rebounds and 2.5 steals a week ago in helping lead the short-handed EMCC Lions to wins over East Central Community College and Meridian Community College. With seven Lion players missing the week's activity due to a two-game suspension, the Beulah native connected on 9-of-13 (69%) shots from three-point range and 16-of-28 (57%) overall from the field for the week.
Foster capped the week by setting a career scoring high for the second straight game with 27 points on 6-of-7 accuracy from beyond the three-point arc and 9-of-14 shooting overall from the field during last Thursday's 67-63 triumph at Meridian. He also pulled down a career-best eight rebounds for the second consecutive outing in the MCC contest. The 6-foot-3, 195-pound backcourt performer began the week with 19 points (7-14 FGs & 3-6 treys), eight rebounds, four steals and two blocks in the Lions' 91-75 home win over East Central.
For the season, Foster is EMCC's No. 4 scorer at 8.4 points per game and the team's fifth-leading rebounder at 3.8 boards an outing. With six starts on the year, he's also shooting 47 percent overall from the field, including 46 percent (17-of-37) from three-point land.
Coach Mark White's 8-4 EMCC Lions resume MACJC North Division play by taking on Northeast Mississippi Community College Thursday evening at Bonner Arnold Coliseum in Booneville. A 7:30 p.m. men's game will follow the 5:30 p.m. women's contest between head coach Sharon Thompson's 2-10 EMCC Lady Lions and the Lady Tigers of Northeast.
Following Monday's postponement due to wintry weather conditions, the EMCC basketball teams will return home to play host to Mississippi Delta Community College during a re-scheduled doubleheader (2 & 4 p.m.) now set for this Saturday afternoon on the Scooba campus. The Lions and Lady Lions will remain at home to entertain Itawamba Community College Tuesday evening (Jan. 22) with a 5:30 p.m. women's game followed by a 7:30 p.m. men's contest at EMCC's Keyes T. Currie Coliseum.
All EMCC basketball games this week and throughout the 2012-13 season are slated to be video-streamed live on the school's Ustream channel at www.ustream.tv/channel/emcc-basketball, which can be easily accessed through the school's newly launched athletics website, www.EMCCAthletics.com.


text: Mark Miller wrote: > On big2vat: I edited the text, so that there's less text in the figure. > I also made the code-text larger. I think some of the remaining text is > still too small. Another change: The message-box arrows are offset from the reference they're riding on. Otherwise, it's easy to misunderstand that the reference arrow emerges or is part of the box arrow. -- Text by me above is hereby placed in the public domain Cheers, --MarkM


text:
- Report: #1035418
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: deluxe marketing inc
deluxe marketing incSnellville, Georgia United States of America
deluxe marketing inc William Biggs sacrificing integrity for growth Snellville, Georgia
*General Comment: Notice of Legal Action
*UPDATE EX-employee responds: At Least You Got A Call
*Author of original report: call from Jeremy Larson
*UPDATE EX-employee responds: Agree 100%
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With that being said, Jeremy never lied to me our shorted my pay.I actually enjoyed working with them until the promotion of William Biggs. This guy is lacking all integrity, and then plays it off.i have personally seen him relocate numerous individuals from there home and family to dead end markets.
If someone doesn't agree with Biggs your a cancer...
As long as people generate sales, he will continue to move them across the country because like Christopher Scott they continue to get kicked from markets for ethical violation is now attempting to relocate to the south..where he will be eaten because of his attitude.
Now that William Biggs is the vice president of the company you have to work with him if your in sales, which us the only position they hire for. I quit my boss not DMI..
I know of at last 5 people in upper leadership roles that have left this company in the last 120 days, primarily due to William Biggs. When i say upper I'm talking about regional vice presidents and regional managers.
So to those who think Larson is the cause reevaluate.i am no longer with DMI, i was in upper leadership, the above reason is why i left not Jeremy .
My real name is on this report i have no reason to hide with a handle. This guy knows what he is doing, its just a matter of time until his operation will collapse.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 03/17/2013 06:59 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/deluxe-marketing-inc/Snellville-Georgia-/deluxe-marketing-inc-William-Biggs-sacrificing-integrity-for-growth-Snellville-Georgia-1035418. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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#1 General Comment
Notice of Legal Action
AUTHOR: Ingle Elia PLLC - ()
SUBMITTED: Wednesday, November 06, 2013POSTED: Wednesday, November 06, 2013
To: Author of Report
Ingle Elia PLLC represents Deluxe Marketing, Inc. Please take notice that Deluxe Marketing, Inc. has initiated an action in the United States District Court, District of Arizona, Deluxe Marketing, Inc. v. John Does 1-10, Case No. 2:13-cv-02144-DGC (the "Arizona Action"). In connection with this Arizona Action, Deluxe Marketing, Inc. seeks to subpoena Xcentric Ventures LLC dba http://www.ripoffreport.com for your contact information. You have a right to file and serve a response to the request anonymously. If you intend to file and serve a response, please do so, or notify us of your intent to do so, on or before November 25, 2013. Alternatively, you can contact us and inform us of your identity. You can convey this information by calling Ingle Elia PLLC at (602) 606-7955 and reference Deluxe Marketing, Inc. Alternatively, you can email your information to email@example.com with "Deluxe Marketing, Inc." as your subject.
Are you an owner, employee or ex-employee with either negative or positive information about the company or individual, or can you provide "insider information" on this company?
#2 UPDATE EX-employee responds
At Least You Got A Call
AUTHOR: Douglas Marzean - ()
SUBMITTED: Sunday, March 31, 2013POSTED: Sunday, March 31, 2013
Millionaires holding on to the money of the the people that made them millionaires is just down right dirty! The greed of this company never ceases to amaze me!
Are you an owner, employee or ex-employee with either negative or positive information about the company or individual, or can you provide "insider information" on this company?
#3 Author of original report
call from Jeremy Larson
AUTHOR: Joshua - ()
SUBMITTED: Friday, March 29, 2013POSTED: Friday, March 29, 2013
Are you an owner, employee or ex-employee with either negative or positive information about the company or individual, or can you provide "insider information" on this company?
#4 UPDATE EX-employee responds
Agree 100%
AUTHOR: Douglas Marzean - ()
SUBMITTED: Sunday, March 17, 2013POSTED: Sunday, March 17, 2013
When I tried to talk to William Biggs about the situation, I was told I was the cancer. I successfully ran the Southern California markets for almost two years. The only time we had issues with Cox Communications, was when William Biggs would send in his cronies to make a quick buck.
I truly believed in Jeremy Larson and everybody at the corporate office. I had relocated my family halfway across the country for DMI. William Biggs has managed to get DMI removed from four Cox Communication markets with his antics.
William is quick to preach about integrity and leadership, but lacks very much in both areas. At the end of the day, all William cares about is how big his check is.
I hope for Jeremy's sake he quickly sees the writing on the wall. Deluxe Marketing is doomed to failure with William Biggs as VP of sales.
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text:
JUL 01, 2013 - Reuters
A Must Read - Share
ROME (Reuters) - Former Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti has warned he may withdraw support for the coalition government of Enrico Letta if it cannot resolve disagreements between its main partners and push ahead with economic reforms to tackle a deep recession.
Editor's Picks
Hey you have no friends!!! Get to work and start inviting friends to help build your Comunitee. Click Here to invite friends.
© 2011 Comunitee, Inc.


text:
KITTERY, Maine — The Kittery Town Council is meeting in executive session tonight, before the panel's regular meeting, to discuss two ongoing issues: dilapidated buildings and contract negotiations.
In its regular meeting, the council is expected to authorize bonding for two sewer projects that voters approved last November.
Citing discussion of legal matters, the council will meet in executive session with Town Attorney Duncan McEachern about dilapidated buildings. The council has adopted an ordinance that allows for the town to tear down a building, if warranted, and bill the owner.
In recent years, several such buildings have come before the council. Most recently, councilors have expressed concern about a former nursing home on Route 1 near the York town line. The owner has been ordered to tear the structure down, but has said he is facing asbestos abatement costs.
The council will also discuss union contract negotiations in executive session. The town's seven unions have been working without a contract since July 1, when their contracts expired.
Town Manager Nancy Colbert Puff said that negotiations are continuing. She has said that while she could not discuss specifics, in general discussions centered on wage and benefit increases.
During the council's regular meeting, councilors are expected to authorize bonds for two substantial sewer projects. A $4.4 million bond is slated to pay for an infrastructure upgrade project, including work at pumping stations and the wastewater facility on Dennett Road. A $7.5 million bond is slated to pay for a sewer expansion project to extend sewer service to the Route 236 area of town.
The council is being asked to approve $9 million of the nearly $12 million total cost of the two projects, with the remainder to be bonded at a later time.
Location, ST | website.com


text:
Edited by S. H. Irvine
Edited by J. W. Berry
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print Publication Year: 1988
Online Publication Date:January 2010
Online ISBN:9780511574603
Hardback ISBN:9780521344821
Paperback ISBN:9780521421256
Chapter DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511574603.018
Subjects: Biological Anthropology and Primatology, Social Psychology
Image View Extract Fullview: Text View | Enlarge Image ‹ Previous Chapter ›Next Chapter
It is one of the ironies of the study of human populations that scientists turned their attention to the Bushmen only when it was almost too late. About a hundred years had to pass after Wilhelm Bleek (1857) recognized their "great interest for the history of mankind in general" (Spohr, 1962), before this interest led to action and tangible results. A number of reports by explorers, missionaries, and traders about the Kalahari and its people were published before 1950, but relatively few investigations of Bushmen by scientists. Intensive scientific studies have been initiated and conducted only during the last 30 to 40 years. During this time, the Bushmen were beginning to feel the pressure of neighbouring people who pushed into their territories in parts of the Kalahari and made their traditional mode of life difficult or impossible.
Today a great number of scholarly publications exists reporting many details about the Bushmen's way of life, their material and spiritual culture, knowledge and beliefs, the organisation of Bushman society, their social, economic, and artistic activities, their physical and health characteristics (e.g., Shapera, 1965; Silberbauer, 1965, 1972, 1981; Lee & DeVore, 1976; Marshall, 1976; Tobias, 1978; Lee, 1979). In the last three decades, there has been such a spate of reports and books on the Bushmen that one must hesitate to write about them again. However, the voices of psychologists are conspicuously absent in this chorus, with the exception of those of Porteus (1937), Minde (1937), both on a relatively small scale, of our own team, and of Katz(1973, 1976).
pp. i-vi
pp. vii-viii
List of contributors : Read PDF
pp. ix-xii
pp. xiii-xix
pp. xx-xxii
Part I - Human abilities in theoretical cultures : Read PDF
pp. 1-1
1 - The abilities of mankind: A revaluation : Read PDF
pp. 2-59
2 - A triarchic view of intelligence in cross-cultural perspective : Read PDF
pp. 60-85
3 - The biological basis of intelligence : Read PDF
pp. 86-104
4 - Speed of information processing and population differences : Read PDF
pp. 105-145
5 - The factor model as a theoretical basis for individual differences : Read PDF
pp. 146-165
6 - The meaning of item bias in ability tests : Read PDF
pp. 166-184
Part II - Cultural responses to ability measurement : Read PDF
pp. 185-185
7 - The British "cultural influence" on ability testing : Read PDF
pp. 186-207
8 - Cultural influences on patterns of abilities in North America : Read PDF
pp. 208-231
9 - Human abilities in the Eastern Mediterranean : Read PDF
pp. 232-262
10 - The Norwegian experience of test use: A selective review of Norwegian tests and measurements in cultural context : Read PDF
pp. 263-281
11 - Human assessment in Australia : Read PDF
pp. 282-298
12 - Test performance of blacks in Southern Africa : Read PDF
pp. 299-339
13 - Individual differences among the peoples of China : Read PDF
pp. 340-357
14 - Japanese abilities and achievements : Read PDF
pp. 358-382
Part III - Cultural limits upon human assessment : Read PDF
pp. 383-383
15 - Native North Americans: Indian and Inuit abilities : Read PDF
pp. 384-426
16 - Aboriginal cognition and psychological nescience : Read PDF
pp. 427-452
17 - Testing Bushmen in the Central Kalahari : Read PDF
pp. 453-486
18 - Caste and cognitive processes : Read PDF
pp. 487-508
19 - Educational adaptation and achievement of ethnic minority adolescents in Britain : Read PDF
pp. 509-533
20 - The diminishing test performance gap between English speakers and Afrikaans speakers in South Africa : Read PDF
pp. 534-560
pp. 561-574
pp. 575-610


text:
Wayne Mackintosh is Director at the OER Foundation, a non-profit organisation which provides international networking, leadership and support to education institutions in achieving their strategic objectives using open education approaches.
The OER Foundation is coordinating an international innovation partnership of 26 higher education organisations collaborating on the implementation of the OER university (OERu). The OERu is building a parallel learning universe to provide free learning opportunities to students worldwide using courses based solely on OER with pathways to achieve credible degrees.
Wayne holds the Commonwealth of Learning Chair in OER at Otago Polytechnic and has been involved with the design and teaching of open online courses through the WikiEducator community since 2007.
Quality means different things to different to people. In this post I summarise the OERu context leading to the development of micro Open Online Courses (mOOCs) and the future implementation of micro-credentials with pathways towards degrees from accredited post-secondary institutions. I then respond to the quality related questions proposed by the EFQUEL coordinators who have convened this MOOC Quality Project
As an open educator, in the past I have suggested that it is better to have a poor quality resource which is open than a high quality resource which is closed. Similarly, in open teaching, it is better to encourage and embrace ongoing experimentation with the formats associated with the cMOOC pioneers than constrain future innovation in learning to the confines of conventional quality standards.
The saving grace of education is that teaching is not a prerequisite for learning. I suspect that we have much to learn from the ongoing experimentation with open teaching. However, the OER university collaboration does not have the luxury afforded by unconstrained experimentation. We are focused on the practical challenge of using OER for creating more affordable pathways to credible qualifications for learners currently excluded from the formal sector who are seeking formal recognition from accredited institutions. Our commitment to achieving a fiscally sustainable solution limits our capacity to innovate simultaneously on too many fronts. We hope that the cMOOC innovations will continue. We have gained valuable insights from the cMOOC pioneers and we hope that this learning at the OERu will continue for the benefit of the students we are aiming to serve as open teaching approaches matures.
Incremental design for micro Open Online Courses for the OERu
The OER Foundation has adopted an incremental and agile design approach to ensure a fiscally sustainable OERu collaboration for the future. Not unlike the open source development philosophy of releasing early and frequently we continue to refine the OERu delivery model incrementally.
The inception of the Learning4Content open courses early in 2007 has contributed to our experience in developing the implementation of micro Open Online Courses (mOOCs) where micro refers to a subcomponent of a university, polytechnic or community college course. For example, a mOOC may cover a third of the learning outcomes of a "full" university course. It follows that the OERu network would be able to award a corresponding micro-credential based on the outputs of the summative assessment designed for the mOOC in question. These micro-credentials would carry credit towards the required credits for specified courses within agreed degree programmes at OERu institutions. However, first a little background and context.
The OERu is first and foremost a philanthropic collaboration which aims to widen access to more affordable education opportunities for learners excluded from the formal education sector through an agenda of social inclusion aligned with the community service missions of the OERu anchor partners. It is smart philanthropy because the OER assets and associated knowledge of open education practices (OEP) gained from the OERu innovation partnership can be reused for improving the efficiency and sustainability of mainstream operations while generating new revenue streams for its partners.
We have bootstrapped the OERu project from the bottom-up thus avoiding the challenges associated with having to recoup significant deficits (or figure out how to repay large venture capital investments). The OERu network is well on track to achieving a sustainable and scalable OER international collaboration. Increasing our current membership of 26 anchor partners by 14 new members is all that is needed to achieve a fiscally self-sustaining OERu collaboration without reliance on third-party funding because recurrent operational costs are recouped in the OERu model. This break-even threshold is the point where the OERu collaboration will scale because the network will be able to commission the paid development of courses assembled from existing OERs and open access materials for the benefit of our contributing members as the network grows. This also means that our OERu partners will not be required to contribute more than their agreed two courses to the network. The OERu model will generate competitive advantage for our partners when compared to the commercial MOOC startups.
We have leveraged our learn-by-doing approach to assist with the development and refinement of the OERu delivery model. In February 2007, the WikiEducator community with support from the Commonwealth of Learning hosted the pilot Learning4Content (L4C) open online course. This L4C pilot was distinctive because:
- it used an open wiki design model for the development of the course materials,
- participation was free and open,
- it was presented entirely online,
- the course was based solely on OERs and
- was designed to scale for large numbers of learners.
We did not call these courses MOOCs as the term was only coined after the landmark Connectivism and Connective Knowledge course facilitated by Siemens and Downes at the Extended Education and Learning Technologies Centre of the University of Manitoba during the fall of 2008. That said, we did not set out to pioneer new pedagogies now possible with MOOCs other than designing an online delivery model for scalability using OER resources drawing on the research and experience of open distance learning. To date, the L4C initiative has offered free online training opportunities for thousands of learners in more than 130 different countries with acknowledgement to the funding support from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation.
Over the past six years, the WikiEducator community and the OER Foundation has gained valuable experience in refining open design models, pedagogical approaches and supporting technologies through the delivery of over 60 open online courses worldwide. The OERu network is now preparing for the implementation of mOOCs and corresponding micro-credentials. For example, the OER Foundation developed the Open Content Licensing for Educators (OCL4Ed) with funding support from the UNESCO. OCL4Ed is an open online course designed for educators and students who want to learn more about OER, copyright, and Creative Commons licenses. During 2012, we hosted three OCL4Ed courses registering approximately 2000 students from +90 different countries providing the opportunity to tweak and improve the delivery technologies. The OCL4Ed course covers the concepts associated with a third of the learning outcomes for the Open Education Practice elective of the Graduate Diploma in Tertiary Education – a credential to be offered through the OERu. The experience gained from the OCL4Ed courses was also used to inform the development of the Scenario Planning for Educators (SP4Ed) course which will be offered as a mOOC in parallel mode with students enrolled for the Masters-level course, Change with Digital Technologies in Education, at the University of Canterbury. The design of the Regional Relations in Asia and the Pacific course developed by the University of Southern Queensland is also structured according to three independent assessments thus enabling the course to be offered as three separate mOOCs. The OER Foundation and Otago Polytechnic will pilot summative assessment services for the issue of micro-credential for the OCL4Ed mOOC in September later this year. This micro-credential will carry formal academic credit towards the Open Education Practice elective of the OERu's Graduate Diploma in Tertiary Education.
Responding to the questions of EFQUEL's MOOC quality project
Ehlers, Ossiannilsson, and Creelman (2013) posed three crucial questions in the introduction to the MOOC quality blog series.
What are MOOCs actually aiming at?
In the case of the OERu, our mOOCs are aiming to provide free learning opportunities with pathways for OERu students to gain formal academic recognition towards credible credentials from the OERu anchor partners. Successful students will receive micro-credentials which will carry credit towards "full" university courses. The purpose of the OERu is to widen access to more affordable alternatives to post-secondary education worldwide.
Can the quality of MOOCs be assessed in the same way as any defined university course with traditional degree awarding processes? Or do we have to take into account a different type of objective with MOOC learners?
The short answer is yes and no.
In the case of the OERu we are aiming to respond to the the needs of learners who are seeking formal academic credit. Quality assurance and institutional accreditation provide the foundations on which the OERu's parallel learning universe is based. The OERu concept must ensure equivalence and parity of esteem for qualifications gained through the OERu network when compared to the on-campus alternatives. For this reason, the OERu's assessment and credentialing processes must adhere to the local institutional policy requirements including those of the national quality and/or qualifications authorities which administer the accreditation status of the conferring OERu partners. OERu anchor partners will not (and should not need) to compromise their individual accreditation status, brand or quality standards by virtue of their participation in the OERu network.
With particular reference to quality standards for course design which are used for quality assurance, some adaptation of the traditional quality standards may be required. For example, traditional quality standards may incorporate benchmarks for student support with specific reference to lecturer-student support interventions. The OERu does not use conventional student support methods, but is designed to leverage peer-to-peer support approaches incorporating social media and other online technologies. Similarly, quality standards which are based on the assumption of an institution offering a full package of services including course materials, student support, formative and summative assessment would need to be adapted. The OERu is a model which is based on the disaggregation or unbundling of services where the OERu partner only provides summative assessment services. Consequently existing quality assurance procedures would need to take these differences into account.
Are the learners mostly interested in only small sequences of learning, tailored to their own individual purpose, and then sign off and move to other MOOCs because their own learning objective was fulfilled?
The OER Foundation does not have research evidence to respond with any authority to this question. However, it is a plausible hypothesis to suggest that MOOCs can provide greater flexibility for learners to opt into and opt out of individual MOOCs according to their own learning needs and interests.
The OERu is implementing two strategies in an attempt to personalise the curriculum for individual learners. First, we are experimenting with the "pedagogy of discovery" which was incorporated into the Regional Relations in Asia and the Pacific course. The "pedagogy of discovery" (including self-discovery) is designed to engender a free-range learning approach. The design of the course is such that learners are required to source OERs and open access materials on the Internet in pursuit of their own interests. This pedagogy incorporates self-directed content gathering and analysis rather than content that is pre-selected by the examiner. Second, the implementation of smaller "micro" courses could provide greater flexibility for learners to personalise their curriculum. As the OERu collaboration matures, we will generate open research data so as to be in a better position to answer this question.
The OER Foundation subscribes to open philanthropy which means that all our planning for the implementation of the OERu is conducted openly and transparently in WikiEducator. In other words, our openness is not restricted to the courses we develop and teach but is a philosophy which underpins the establishment and implementation of the OERu. Our open planning approaches have facilitated the adoption of incremental design towards achieving a sustainable and scalable OERu international collaboration. We believe that the OERu partnership is succeeding in shifting the question from "How do you achieve sustainable OER projects?" to "How will your institution remain sustainable without OER?"


text:
Trade unions demand release of jailed Maruti workers
New Delhi: Around 20 trade unions on Tuesday held a demonstration at Jantar Mantar here demanding release of 149 workers of Maruti Suzuki India's Gurgaon plant who are in jail for last six months.
The trade unions also submitted a memorandum to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Haryana Chief Minister Bhupinder Singh Hooda seeking release of the workers.
Violence had broken out on July 18 last year at the Manesar plant of the company in which one senior executive was killed. Later, the company had fired around 500 workers.
Police had arrested 149 of workers, including the office bearers of Maruti Suzuki Workers Union (MSWU), for their alleged involvement in the violence.
"The trade unions today protested in total 15 states. We have submitted memorandums to CMs of all the 15 states including the Haryana Chief Minister," said Subhasini, an activist of Bigul Mazdoor Dasta.
The matter is political rather than sub-judice and the state government should ensure the release of workers, Indian Federation of Trade Unions' Mrigank said.
Rakhi Sehgal of New Trade Union Initiative noted that exploitation of workers was responsible for the July 18 incident.
The unions also demanded the reinstatement of suspended workers.
DRT directs J P Morgan Bank not to disburse $40 mn to Vijay Mallya
ECB bond-buying scheme faces new lawsuit in Germany
Micromax Canvas Evok launched at Rs 8,499; available now on Flipkart
Motorola Moto 4G Plus goes on sale exclusively on Amazon
Be Ready: Redmi Note 3, Mi 5 flash sale today at 2:00 pm


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Category:Scores featuring the violin
Free public domain sheet music from IMSLP / Petrucci Music Library
→ See also: Scores featuring the vielle — Scores featuring the viol — Scores featuring the viola pomposa.
→ Sort this list by work type, instrumentation, composer, and more.</center>
Pages in category "Scores featuring the violin"
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text:
Definition of valedictory in English:
Serving as a farewell: a valedictory wave
More example sentences
- He was the same when he left the Citizens' last year, insisting his interviews should not be valedictory celebrations of the past, but forward-looking speculations of the theatre's programme after he had gone.
- The new album draws its main inspiration from the band's annual tours of the Highlands and islands, much of it - aptly enough - striking an elegiac or valedictory note.
- The festival's valedictory function will be held on May 9.
farewell, goodbye, leaving, parting;
last, final
noun (plural valedictories)
A farewell address.
Example sentences
- As long as five years ago, the three main newsweeklies had locked up eminent presidential historians to write his valedictories.
- He is the man whose next most significant speech will be his valedictory, and we will hear it in this Parliament.
- All I can say is that I hope the previous member is proud of that speech, because it will be his valedictory.
speech, address, lecture, declamation
Words that rhyme with valedictorybenedictory, contradictory, maledictory, victory
For editors and proofreaders
Syllabification: val·e·dic·to·ry
Definition of valedictory in:
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text:
Uniting Ireland: Sinn Féin Australian Tour 2014
Two leading Sinn Féin representatives will be engaging in a speaking tour across Australia. Mary Lou McDonald is the deputy leader of Sinn Féin and TD (MP) for Dublin Central. Francie Molloy is MP for Mid-Ulster and became active in politics through the Civil Rights Movement in the North in 1968.
The Sinn Féin representatives will be promoting the Uniting Ireland campaign. They will also be continuing to promote awareness among Irish workers on temporary visas in Australia of their rights in the workplace, and promoting trade union membership among the Irish community.
Sat Sept 6, 7.30pm, Celtic Club. Cnr Queen and La Trobe Sts. Featuring Michael from Folklore, Irish Dancing & light supper.
Entry $20. Organised by the Casement Group. Ph John Gawned 0407 863 291.


text:
CSDL Home IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2009 vol.6 Issue No.01 - January-March
Issue No.01 - January-March (2009 vol.6)
pp: 46-61
Gabriel Cardona , University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca
Mercè Llabrés , University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca
Francesc Rosselló , University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca
Gabriel Valiente , Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona
DOI Bookmark: http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TCBB.2008.70
The assessment of phylogenetic network reconstruction methods requires the ability to compare phylogenetic networks. This is the first in a series of papers devoted to the analysis and comparison of metrics for tree-child time consistent phylogenetic networks on the same set of taxa. In this paper, we study three metrics that have already been introduced in the literature: the Robinson-Foulds distance, the tripartitions distance and the $\mu$-distance. They generalize to networks the classical Robinson-Foulds or partition distance for phylogenetic trees. We analyze the behavior of these metrics by studying their least and largest values and when they achieve them. As a by-product of this study, we obtain tight bounds on the size of a tree-child time consistent phylogenetic network.
Biology and genetics, Graph algorithms, Trees
Gabriel Cardona, Mercè Llabrés, Francesc Rosselló, Gabriel Valiente, "Metrics for Phylogenetic Networks I: Generalizations of the Robinson-Foulds Metric", IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, vol.6, no. 1, pp. 46-61, January-March 2009, doi:10.1109/TCBB.2008.70


text:
Cut a small slice from the bottom of each of the pears so they will stand up straight in the saucepan without falling over. In a saucepan large enough to hold the pears, bring the wine and sugar to a boil over medium-high heat, stirring well. Once the mixture reaches a boil, cook for 3 more minutes.
Take the pan off the heat and gently place the pears, standing up, in the saucepan, being careful not to splash yourself with the hot wine-and-sugar mixture.
Place the pan back on the stove and cook the pears over medium-low heat—15 to 20 minutes for a firm texture or 30 to 40 minutes for a softer texture—basting the pears with the wine-and-sugar mixture every 5 minutes.
Turn off the heat and let the pears stand in the wine sauce until they reach room temperature. While they're cooling, make the Sweetened Ricotta.
To prepare the Sweetened Ricotta:
In a large bowl, mix the sugar and the ricotta together, then fold in the chopped toasted pistachio nuts.
To serve:
Place a quarter of the Sweetened Ricotta in each of four dessert dishes. Use a slotted spoon to transfer each of the pears to a dish, and place on top of the Sweetened Ricotta. Top with the wine sauce, and garnish with toasted chopped pistachios and fresh mint leaves.
Chef's Note:
For an elegant alternative presentation, cut the pears in half. Place the pear halves, cut side down, on top of the Sweetened Ricotta, then top them with the wine sauce, and garnish with toasted chopped pistachios and fresh mint leaves.


text:
Table of Contents
- .NET Book Recommendations
- Getting Started with .NET
- The Microsoft .NET Framework
- The Common Language Runtime (CLR), the Common Type System (CTS), and the Common Language Specification (CLS)
- .NET Framework Class Library
- Visual Studio .NET
- .NET Enterprise Servers and .NET My Services
- .NET Compliant Languages
- Visual Basic .NET (VB .NET)
- XML Web Services
- Windows Forms
- Why .NET?
- Displaying Errors with the Error Provider
- COM Interoperability
- Comparing Java and .NET
- Calling Unmanaged Code
- .NET Application Security
- Code Access Security
- .NET Standards Support
- Numeric Types in the .NET Framework
- Working with Strings
- Formatting Strings
- Trimming Character Strings
- Comparing Strings in .NET 2.0
- Arrays and Collections
- Arrays as Class Members
- Sorting a Multi-Dimensional Array
- Sorting a Multi-Dimensional Array with LINQ
- File I/O (System.IO)
- Working with File Names
- Using the File System
- Working with Files and Directories
- Monitoring the File System
- Working with Streams
- Working with Text Encodings
- Working with Date and Time
- Extending the DateTime Class
- Using DateTimeOffset
- Fun with Dates
- Exceptions
- Delegates
- Events
- Asynchronous Programming
- Asynchronous File I/O
- Timers
- Random Numbers
- Cryptographically Secure Random Numbers
- Serialization
- MultiThreading (System.Threading)
- Multi-Threading Overview
- The Managed Thread Pool
- Managed Threading
- Thread Synchronization
- Synchronizing Data Access
- Trace Debugging
- Tracing in .NET 2.0
- ASP.NET Trace
- Validating User Input in ASP.NET Web Pages
- Event Logging
- Monitoring Application Performance
- Accessing the Registry
- Accessing Environment Information
- Environment Variables in .NET 2.0
- Managing Windows Forms Applications
- Working with Email
- Working with Graphics
- Animating a Background
- Working with Images
- Drawing Cycloid Curves
- Simulating the Spirograph
- Building International Web Applications
- .NET Compact Framework
- Mobile Web Development with ASP.NET
- Speech Technologies
- Microsoft MapPoint Web Service
- Working with Typed DataSets
- Using Relationships in DataSets
- DataColumn Expressions
- Playing Simple Sounds
- Playing Sounds with .NET 2.0
- Returning an Image in a Web Page
- Best Practices — Project Structure
- Best Practices — Application Blocks
- The Data Access Application Block
- The Exception Management Application Block
- Best Practices — Performance
- Best Practices — Performance and Scalability
- Best Practices - Testing
- Reading the Tea Leaves, 2005
- Predictions: A Look Back at 2005, and a Look Ahead to 2006
- .NET Downloads
- Application Deployment Overview
- Application Deployment — Versioning
- Application Deployment — Version Policy
- Application Deployment — Packaging and Distribution
- .NET Remoting Overview
- A Remoting Demonstration
- Remoting Configuration
- Remoting: Lifetimes and Leases
- Remoting: Other Issues
- Attributes
- Writing Custom Attributes
- Accessing Attributes in Code
- Reflection
- Class Design: Inheritance, Interface, or Composition?
- The TriTryst Game
- Console Applications in .NET 2.0
- New File I/O Methods in .NET 2.0
- Building Projects with MSBuild
- Unmanaged Callbacks in .NET 2.0
- Timer Troubles
- Non-Rectangular Windows Forms
- Windows Forms Transparency
- 10 Things I Hate About Visual Basic
- 10 Things I Hate About C#
- Background Processing with Idle Time
- Scaling Windows Forms
- Reading and Writing Binary Data
- New Memory Management Functions in .NET 2.0
- Compatibility Between .NET 1.1 and .NET 2.0
- Managed Debugging Assistants in .NET 2.0
- XDir: A Program for Viewing Directory Sizes
- The Microsoft.VisualBasic Namespace
- Operator Overloading
- Working with GPS Data
- Hidden Visual Studio Tools
- The .NET 2.0 Stopwatch Class
- Nullable Types
- Drawing Rotated Text
- Unsafe Code
- Other .NET Languages
- Compiler Directives
- Safe Handles
- Predictions, 2007 Edition
- New Features in C# 3.0
- Generics
- Network Client Programming
- On the Misuse of Exceptions
- Maximum Object Size in .NET
- More on Maximum Object Sizes
- Keyed Collection Memory Limitations
- Matching String Endings
- Allocating Small Data Structures
- Grumbling About Limitations
- Some Thoughts on the Nature of What We Do
- Working with Predicates in Collections
- Working with DataReaders
- Outputting XML with XmlWriter
- Writing XML Data
- Working with Compression
- Another Look at Compressed Streams
- Compressing a Very Large File
- Canonical URIs
- Constructing URIs
- Using OneWayAttribute for Remote Calls
- Selecting a Garbage Collector
- Linked List
- Linked List Application - The MRU List
- Auto-implemented Properties in C#
- The HashSet Collection
- Looking Ahead: 2018
- An Experiment in Optimization
- A Larger Integer
- Extension Methods
- Language Integrated Query (LINQ)
- Variable Length Parameter Lists
- The ReaderWriterLockSlim Synchronization Primitive
- Sorting a Text File
- Sorting a Large Text File
- Using ListView with Large Data Sets
- LINQ One-Liners
- Regular Expression Optimization
- Random File I/O
- Computing the Size of a Structure
- More on Computing Structure Sizes
- UnmanagedMemoryStream
- Dynamically Loading Code
- Building a String Table
- Delegates Versus Function Pointers
- Visual Studio Editor Features
- A Simple Profile Timer
- New Features in C# 4.0
- IEnumerator or IList?
- New Features in .NET 4.0
- Set Operations with IEnumerable and HashSet
- Using File Locks
- Extending Object Functionality
- Clearing a HashSet
- When Hash Codes Matter
- Parsing Command Line Options
- Creating a Single-Instance Program
- Asynchronous Windows Forms Events
- The BackgroundWorker Component
- Fixing a Dumb Mistake
- Thinking About Multi-Threaded Programs
- JavaScript Object Notation
- Better JSON Processing with JSON.Net
- Useful .NET-related Sites
- Markov Models
- Building an Order 0 Markov Model
- Higher Order Markov Models
- Webmaster's Guide to robots.txt
- An Overview of the Parallel Extensions to .NET
- Parallel Extensions Synchronization Objects
- Thread Safe Collections
- A Bug and a Conundrum
- Another Bug and an Answer
- Task Parallel Library
- Good and Bad Ideas in C#
- Parallel LINQ
- Copying Large Files
- Replacing File.Copy
- Learning from Our Mistakes
- Symbolic Links
- There Is No Easy Fix
- Tracking Hurricanes
- Examining Hurricane Data
- Searching for Multiple Strings
- Simple JSON Processing
- Aho-Corasick String Searching
- Writing a Web Crawler
- Web Crawler Politeness
- Source Control Management
- Subversion
- Communicating with Datagrams
- Fun with Actions and Funcs
- The Future of Media
- The Importance of Metadata
- Of Comparison and IComparer
- IComparer, Comparer, IComparable, Oh My!
- Comparing Generic Types
- A Simple HTTP Server
- Quantizing DateTime Fields
- More Fun with the Garbage Collector
- Refactor, Don't Rewrite
- A Generic BinaryHeap Class
- A Generic File Sorter
- Birthdays, Random Numbers, and Hash Keys
- Random Selection from Large Groups
- Command Line Tools for Windows
- Reading and Writing, Bit by Bit
- Selecting the Top N Items from a Group
- Determining Website Content Encoding
- Benefits and Drawbacks of Syndication
- Pubsubhubbub
- Memory Use Misconceptions
- Risk, Lost Opportunity, and Other Hidden Upgrade Costs
- Culture Shock: from .NET to JavaScript
- Using .NET for a Startup
- Tracking Wikipedia Changes with IRC
- Browser Applications and the Same Origin Policy
- Handling the Unexpected
- Dealing with Growth
- Deleting the Oldest File
- Where Do I Put Stuff?
- .NET Timer Resolution
- Exploring Options for Better Timers
- Using the Windows Timer Queue API
- Locks Aren't Slow
- Alternatives to Locks
- Lock Free Concurrent Collections
- The BlockingCollection Class
- Customizing BlockingCollection
- What Time Is It? Daylight Saving Time and Computers
- Using enums to Save Memory
- New File Operations in .NET 4.0
- Building a Hierarchy of Rectangles
- A Faster File Copy
- Constants Are Forever
- The Dangers of Floating Point
- Goto is Not Inherently Evil
- The Weakest Link
- Reducing Memory Required for Strings
- Grouping with LINQ
- HttpListener "Gotchas"
- Extension Methods Are Evil
- Finding the Registered Domain in a URL
- Drawing Text
- Obfuscating Sequential Keys
- Properties of Obfuscated Keys
- Finding Changes Between Two Lists
- Using the ConcurrentBag Collection
- Never Sleep!
- Shuffling and Sorting
- Viewing Large Text Files
- Use the Right Tool
- Why GetHashCode Matters
- Optimization Guidelines
- Timer Differences
- The Mutex
- Modifying a Working System
- Building a New Type of Stream
- More Large File Problems
- A Better File.Copy Replacement
- Throwing the Wrong Exception
- Approximate Counters
- Monitoring a Timer
- Combining Consoles and Forms
- Embedding a Text Resource
- Handling Concurrent Downloads
- The Importance of Domain Knowledge
- Stupid Programmer Tricks
- Aho-Corasick Revisited
- Expressiveness is the Soul of Brevity
- Fun with Anonymous Types
- Simplifying a Multi-Threaded Application
- Work Smarter
- The Skip List Data Structure
- A More Memory-Efficient Skip List
- Selection Revisited
- Why Async?
- What the Future Holds
- The "Roslyn" CTP
- Where We've Been
- Informit Reference Library
More on Maximum Object Sizes
Last updated Mar 14, 2003.
Last year I discussed the two gigabyte memory limitation in .NET. To recap, no single object in .NET can exceed two gigabytes in size. This limitation has some very important ramifications when working with arrays or collections that contain large numbers of items.
Array Size Limitations
The actual single-object size limit is slightly smaller because of allocation overhead. That is, you can't allocate an array of 2,147,483,647 bytes. The limit, arrived at experimentally with the program below, appears to be 2,147,483,591 bytes, which means that the overhead for an array of bytes is 56 bytes.
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { AllocateMaxSize<byte>(); AllocateMaxSize<short>(); AllocateMaxSize<int>(); AllocateMaxSize<long>(); AllocateMaxSize<object>(); } const long twogigLimit = ((long)2 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) - 1; static void AllocateMaxSize<T>() { int twogig = (int)twogigLimit; int num; Type tt = typeof(T); if (tt.IsValueType) { num = twogig / Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(T)); } else { num = twogig / IntPtr.Size; } T[] buff; bool success = false; do { try { buff = new T[num]; success = true; } catch (OutOfMemoryException) { --num; } } while (!success); Console.WriteLine("Maximum size of {0}[] is {1:N0} items.", typeof(T).ToString(), num); } }
The full output for that program is:
Maximum size of System.Byte[] is 2,147,483,591 items. Maximum size of System.Int16[] is 1,073,741,795 items. Maximum size of System.Int32[] is 536,870,897 items. Maximum size of System.Int64[] is 268,435,448 items. Maximum size of System.Object[] is 268,435,447 items.
If you do the math, you'll see that the overhead for allocating an array is 56 bytes. There are some bytes left over at the end due to object sizes. For example, 268,435,448 64-bit numbers occupy 2,147,483,584 bytes. Adding the 56 byte array overhead gives you 2,147,483,640, leaving you 7 bytes short of 2 gigabytes.
I realize that it's rare to allocate arrays of such large sizes, but it's quite common to create large collections: List, Dictionary, HashSet, etc. The implementations of all those collections eventually end up allocating arrays, so it's helpful to understand maximum array sizes so you can get an idea of how many items you can put in the other collection types.
The maximum size of an array of object will depend on which version of the .NET runtime you're using. As you know, any object is a reference (pointer). With the 32-bit runtime, pointers are four bytes long, so in theory you could allocate an array of 536,870,897 items. Although you could allocate such an array, you probably couldn't populate it because you can't access more than three gigabytes of memory, total, in 32-bit land.
In the 64-bit runtime, pointers are 8 bytes, which cuts the maximum size of your array in half, to 268,435,447 items. I find it somewhat curious that the maximum size of an object[] is one smaller than the maximum size of a long[]. Both data types are 8 bytes in size, so I don't know how to account for the discrepancy.
The nice thing about reference types is that no matter how large the actual objects are, you can still have an array of a quarter billion items. That is, whether your object is 12 bytes in size or 120 bytes, an array of references to them occupies the same amount of space. Of course, a quarter billion 120-byte objects will occupy 30 gigabytes. That's a lot of memory, but not unheard of. I'm on the verge of getting a server that has 64 gigabytes of RAM, and I'll be able to use every bit of it.
Things get more interesting when you have an array of structures.
Say you have this structure:
struct MyThing { public long l; public byte b; public int x; public short y; public byte z; }
Marshal.SizeOf() reports that the size of this structure is 24 bytes when running on a 64-bit machine. As you would expect, the largest array of these that you can allocate is 89,478,482 items. But you can do better if you're willing to rearrange things or change the structure packing.
The default structure packing tries to align things in memory so that they're more efficient to access. You can sacrifice a little bit of efficiency by changing the default packing by applying the StructLayoutAttribute to your structure, like this:
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)] struct MyThing { public long l; public byte b; public int x; public short y; public byte z; }
The size of this structure is only 16 bytes because there is no automatic alignment. However, it's a little less efficient to access items in the structure.
If you're worried about memory access efficiency, then you should lay out your structures so that the larger items are declared first, and work down to the smaller items. This has the same effect as packing with a value of 1, but naturally aligns things. That is, modify the structure so that it looks like this:
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)] struct MyThing { public long l; public int x; public short y; public byte b; public byte z; }
Marshal.Sizeof will report a size of 16 bytes for this structure. You still want to apply the StructLayoutAttribute when you use this technique, to prevent the compiler from aligning the structure itself on a larger boundary. For example, this structure occupies 10 bytes:
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)] struct MyThing { public long l; public short y; }
But if you don't apply StructLayoutAttribute, the compiler will add 6 bytes to the end so that the structures are aligned on 8-byte boundaries.
When you're designing an application that has to work with large arrays, you have to choose between using objects or structures in the array. If the items you're storing in the array are smaller than 8 bytes, then storing them as structures is a clear win--provided, of course, that you can accept the ramifications of value semantics. But if your data structure is larger than 8 bytes, the question of whether to make it a struct or class is a little more involved.
Let's say your structure is 10 bytes in size. You could have an array of 214,748,359 items. But if you made it an object (a reference type), then you could have 268,435,448 of them in the array. However, that's not the whole story.
All of a sudden you've more than doubled your memory footprint. That is, the array of structures will occupy right at two gigabytes. But if you make it an array of objects, then the array of references will occupy two gigabytes, and the individual objects will occupy another two gigabytes and then some.
Which you use (value type or reference type) is going to depend on how many items you want, and how much memory you have. If you want the maximum possible number of items, then you'll have to go with references, and pay the penalty of using more memory.
With a better understanding of just how large you can make arrays in .NET, we can now discuss limitations of other object types.


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Arsenal are thought to be considering a bid for Napoli and Italy forward Lorenzo Insigne, should he perform well at this summer's World Cup.
The diminutive Italian was superb for Napoli last season, helping them finish in the top three and lift the Coppa Italia. After a good season, the rumoured fee hanging from his shoulders is £17 million and, apparently, Arsenal boss Arsene Wenger is willing to pay that if he's impressed by the Italian in Brazil over the new few weeks.
He certainly had a great season for Napoli. He scored just three goals which he'll be disappointed about but his 59 created chances was not improved on by anyone else in the squad. That's ahead of Marek Hamsik and Dries Mertens who could not match up to Insigne's superb contribution in attack in Rafael Benitez's first season in charge.
He also grabbed six assists which is the same figure as Andrea Pirlo, who led Juventus to another Serie A title. At Napoli, only Gonzalo Higuain (7) assisted more goals for Napoli than Insigne so his chance creation was up there as the best at the club last season.
What would he bring to Arsenal though? They have a plethora of attacking midfielders in Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, Theo Walcott, Mesut Ozil, Tomas Rosicky, Lukas Podolski, Santi Cazorla and Jack Wilshere. Insigne would bring a lot to Arsenal, in all honesty.
Only Ozil (76) and Cazorla (66) created more chances than him last season so he would slot easily into their attacking set-up. With Cazorla waning and heading towards his 30s - and with Insigne only 23-years-old - the Italian could provide some big competition.
However, Wenger turned down Cesc Fabregas because he feels that he does not need anymore attacking midfielders. In fairness, he doesn't but due to everyone's injury problems, the Gunners were down to the bare bones at one stage last season so another top class addition would not be a bad idea.
Now that he's passed up on Fabregas, targeting the younger and cheaper Insigne - who can also play as a striker - would be a good alternative.
Wenger needs a new striker and with Insigne, he has back-up to Giroud. With Walcott and Podolski, too, there are plenty of options for the Frenchman should Giroud need a rest.
One thing the Italian certainly needs to improve is his finishing. With just three goals from 69 shots, he converted a tiny 4.3% of his chances - that's around the Roberto Soldado range from last season in the Premier League.
He has youth on his side, though, so has plenty of years yet to fix that. Playing for Arsenal would be a good move for the Italian. He is quick, clever, can create plenty of chances and is not afraid to shoot. He scored a wonderful curling effort in the Coppa Italia final to set Napoli on their way to glory and has shown throughout the past season that he can hack it in the big divisions in the big games.
£17m for Lorenzo Insigne may not be a bad idea at all for Wenger.
- Sports & Recreation
- Soccer
- Lorenzo Insigne
- Arsene Wenger
- Santi Cazorla


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Lehigh Home
F&A Policies
Risk Mgt. Home
Certificate of Insurance
Field Trip Guide
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Personal Property
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Educators Legal Liability
Professional Liability
Automobile Liability
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Risk Mgt. Policies
Insurance Coverage
Informed Consent / Release of Liability
Workers' Compensation
Acceptance of Legal Documents
Certificate of Insurance
Click here to obtain a Certificate Request Form
What is a Certificate of Insurance?
A certificate of insurance is a document, signed by an insurance agent or company, which outlines the types and limits of insurance carried by a vendor, contractor, tenant or other party with whom we have entered into an agreement.What will I find on a Certificate of Insurance?
- the name of the insurance agent or broker
- the name of the insurance agent or broker
- the identity of the "Named Insured" that purchased the policy
- the insurer providing the coverage
- the types and amount of the coverage
- the effective dates of the policy
Anytime an outside party is:
- providing a type of good or service for use in the Lehigh community
- doing any work on behalf of Lehigh University
- occupying Lehigh property for any use
A Certificate of Insurance is an official means of ensuring the outside party is in compliance with the terms of our agreements, and Lehigh's interests are protected. It also provides information about the insurance companies used, so we know where to file claims if needed.
Whenever the University hires vendors or contractors or lets an outside group use Lehigh's facilities, something can go wrong and someone may get hurt. You can help protect Lehigh from liability by requiring a Certificate of Insurance from that entity's insurance carrier. The certificate proves the vendor or group is insured by a financially stable company and that it carries adequate amounts of insurance for the activity or service.
Please note: A Certificate of Insurance may not be enough protection for contracts/agreements that have significant risks or last for extended periods, such as those for construction, transportation services, snow removal, or a children's camp for example. To ensure compliance with Lehigh's Policies and Procedures on contracts requiring proof of insurance, liability risks and issues or any questions that you may have, please call the Risk Management Department at 610-758-3899 for clarification.What does "Additional Insured" mean?
When Lehigh University is listed as an additional insured, it means that Lehigh's interests are protected under the insurance policies purchased by the outside party, as respects any work/product, etc. provided to us by the outside party. It allows us to "bypass" our own insurance and use the insurance provided by the outside party. It would also grant Lehigh rights to coverage for losses arising out of the services or products that the vendor supplies.
It is vital that Lehigh University ALWAYS be listed as an additional insured on all general, auto, and umbrella liability policies purchased by the outside parties.Where should these certificates go?
A copy should be kept by your department, and a copy sent to the Risk Management Department for review.What if Lehigh is requested to provide a Certificate of Insurance?
When an outside party is requesting a certificate of insurance from Lehigh, please use the Certificate Request Form. Forward all completed certificate requests to firstname.lastname@example.com or fax to the Risk Management Department (610-758-5855) for processing. Once received, your request will be submitted to the University's insurance broker for processing. Please allow 3 to 5 days for processing.Who do I contact if I have questions?
Contact the Risk Management Office at 610-758-3899.


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Thank you for helping us advance Alzheimer's support, care, and research!
We have raised
Our Goal
Watch this space to learn about upcoming events and the latest Walk to End Alzheimer's - Grand Forks news!
Interested in helping to plan the Fargo Walk? Contact Trisha at firstname.lastname@example.com to become a part of the planning committee!


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"Find your calm…. Breathe PEACE into your life…"
Heartsong Studio for Pilates, YOGA & Well-Being is located in the heart of downtown Renfrew, just 50 minutes west of Ottawa. Elizabeth Hagan grew up in Barrie, Ontario one block away from a Dance School and cultivated an early enthusiasm for movement and music. During the 1970's, not only did she give birth to four children, but she also began instructing yoga, after having accomplished several training programs in her hometown.
Elizabeth has been involved in 'mindful movement' ever since that time.
She has also been a Certified Fitness Leader (FOLP, OFC, CAIN) and Certified Fitness Specialist (CAN-FIT-PRO) for many years. Elizabeth worked for a decade in Employee Fitness Centres in the hi-tech setting in Ottawa, as well as continuing to instruct evening & weekend classes in the towns of Renfrew and Arnprior.
Elizabeth is a Certified Pilates Matwork Instructor, having accomplished an apprenticeship course with the Helene Roy Pilates Centre formerly of Ottawa. She is an East to West Certified Yoga Exercise Specialist, Certified Prenatal Yoga Exercise Specialist, Pilates Mat Certified, Certified EWYT500 Yoga Instructor and is registered with the Yoga Alliance as an RYT500 Certified YOGA Instructor. She is the 'Ottawa Regional' Teacher Trainer for East to West Yoga & Pilates School (Toronto).
Elizabeth brings years of experience and an enthusiasm to her BODY*MIND*SPIRIT"Exercise For The Entire Human Experience"programs.She feels passionate about YOGA and mind-body-spirit disciplines. After many years of instructing in a multitude of towns & facilities, she is grateful to be instructing in her own studio which opened September 30, 2004. 2014 marks Heartsong Studio's 10th Anniversary (and 3rd new location)!
Heartsong has found a new HOME- it's third 'incarnation' – a little bit bigger facility located on the main street- 239 Raglan St S, Renfrew. Elizabeth lives with her 'amazing' husband Murray Adolph in a peaceful woodland setting just outside of Renfrew, and is the mother of four grown children, and the proud grandmother of nine.


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1.0 OverviewEach year the troop offers an outing to help the Second-Year Webelos Den satisfy the Arrow of Light requirement for participation in an outdoor Boy Scout activity. This outing is a hike over Velvet Rocks that will introduce the Webelos Scouts to the troop and help them earn the Arrow of Light.
2.0 Concept
2.1 DescriptionWe will hike the AT from the Trescott Road parking lot south about three miles to Hanover, ending at the Community Center. (Map.) We will stop at the Velvet Rocks shelter for lunch and a campfire program. The troop will provide hot dogs, but each scout should provide anything else he might want.
Before starting on the hike, we will assemble to generate a roster, introduce ourselves, and do a quick review of key points of safe hiking, including
Once on the trail, we will proceed south by the AT about 2 miles to the Velvet Rocks Shelter. At the shelter we will build a fire, cook hot dogs, and conduct a campfire program.
After the campfire, we will continue south on the AT to Hanover and the Community Center. Pickup is at the Community Center.
2.2 Schedule of EventsSaturday, 15 Oct
1100 -- Review key points of hiking safety, and outing procedures.
1130 -- Start south on trail.
1300 -- Arrive at Velvet Rocks Shelter. Build fire, make lunch, campfire program.
1400 -- Continue south on trail.
1500 -- Arrive at Community Center.
2.3 Expected Conditions and DifficultyThe AT over Velvet Rocks is relatively easy but steep in a few places. There will probably be several inches of snow and there is ice in some spots. Expect more snow on the hilltops than there is in town. Please check the weather before departure and Be Prepared.
2.4 Special RequirementsOpen to all scouts, scouters, and parents. There are no skill prerequisites for this outing.
3.0 Administration and Logistics
3.1 Announcement Date: 5Dec07
3.2 Roster Closing Date: 15Dec07
3.3 CostsPlease bring $1 per person to cover the cost of hot dogs.
3.4 Equipment
3.4.1 Individual Equipment
Useful Optional Items
3.4.2 Patrol EquipmentNone
3.4.3 Troop Equipment
3.5 Transportation PlanDrop-off Point: Trescott Rd Appalachian Trail Parking Lot
Drop-off Time: 11:00am Saturday 15Oct07
Pickup Point: Community Center Parking Lot
Pickup Time: 3:00pm Same Day
Note: Please do not leave until you have checked out with the Scoutmaster.
4.0 Leadership
4.1 Planning Committee
4.2 Adult Leaders
Approved TPS 10Dec07


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HourGuard is a free, easy to use timesheet and time recording software designed to relieve the pressure of having to account for your time.
Using this timesheet software is simple. Just click start when you begin working on a task and stop when you're finished. HourGuard will store this as a timesheet entry.
When you have completely finished your task, HourGuard will create a full timesheet including a break down of what you did when. HourGuard also lets you create invoices to bill for your time.
- Start and stop timing with the push of a button
- Choose to start timing automatically when your computer becomes active.
- Create your own easy to follow task structures by breaking your projects down into sub-tasks.
- Create manual timesheet entries for those times you are not at your computer.
- Manage your tasks effectively by marking them as active (default), complete or closed.
- Generate easy to read activity reports.
- Save, print or email reports for billing purposes.
- Runs in the background without interfering with your normal day to day tasks.
- Easy to use interface makes timing your tasks a breeze.
Required OS: not specified
Tags: timesheet , clock , hours , work
1 Opinion
Awesome! I'm a self-employed individual and this helps me manage my time, as well as keeping track of costs per hour for contractors or employees. A really elegant, useful application.


text:
Posted a reply to "Error: Empty hostname for MaxCDN Test", on the site WordPress Support Forums:
The error is just on the test. The CDN is actually working in my case.…
3 years ago
Posted a reply to "Upgrade to 3.1 broke category feed", on the site WordPress Support Forums:
Didn't find a definitive solution. I fiddled around based on the Master list link that…
5 years ago
Created a topic, Upgrade to 3.1 broke category feed, on the site WordPress Support Forums
5 years ago


text:
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Woodworking Business - What To Build To Make Profits2 comments
Woodworking is a great art and hobby that you can quickly turn into business. You need to know that different woodwork projects will have different markets. For instance, if you are making toys, then...view details
Toy Box4 comments
My first "real" woodworking project.view details
Blanket chest
Black walnut trim on oak box. All from rough lumber. Finger joints add visual interest. Cedar lined. Torsion hinges.view details
Real Antique Wood Mill Shop1 comment
(973)923-3273 We have more than one million board feet of reclaimed antique barn wood, wide plank flooring, siding, beams, & barn doors in stock. We dismantle, mill, install every product we sell...view details
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My shop is on the main floor of a dedicated building. I have a full metal shop on the lower floor where my dust collector and compressor live. I like to have multiple...view details
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Red Oak with two mirrors, holds lots of jewelryview details
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84L 36W 39H 13 Wood species used from local logger, Self Air dried, Salvaged stairs and pallets. 8 Months to complete. Demountable for easier transport.view details
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A Jewelry Box made as a gift for my friend on her 19th birthday.view details
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A raised panel blanket chest done in red oak with hand carved tree designs in both end panels. Stiffeners are attached using a tapered sliding dovetail.view details
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Wood working chest designed for hand toolsview details
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Build this oak toy chest for my neice. The chest is stained with a Red Oak stain and treated with 3 coats of poly on the outside and shellac on the inside. The top is painted with an acrylic paint...view details
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Chest made for a family member from Red Oak, has old style Iron hardware and sliding trays for itemsview details
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This blanket chest is pretty basic. I've actually made two of them, one as a wedding gift for my sister-in-law and another as a Christmans present for my brother. I used red oak, purchased from a home center. My goal was to create continuous grain around the entire chest, so I opted to use a basic rabbet joint to connect the front, back and sides. I reinforced the joint with screws and covered the holes with grain-matched plugs. For the hinges, I used a combination hinge and lid support, which prevents the lid from crashing down on unsuspecting users.view details
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text:
I was actually thinking of creating a full-powered OS using Minix,
mostly because I kind of know its ins and outs better than Linux, and it
is simpler.
However, every person I've asked has said that:
~ Minix isn't secure
~ It's not mature
~ and a lot of other stuff
So, my question is, is this true?
And if so, how come?
Thanks, Andrew
P.S. When I say i know it's ins and outs, I know how to use it and
program for it. Not much beyond that.


text:
Credit Suisse Raises Coffee Price Forecasts After Bottom
Credit Suisse Group AG's private banking unit raised its price forecasts for arabica coffee traded in New York, saying prices have found a bottom.
Arabica coffee futures will be at $1.80 a pound on ICE Futures U.S. in three and 12 months, the bank said in a report e-mailed today. That compares with a previous forecast of $1.50 a pound. The beans climbed 1.3 percent so far this month on speculation rains in Brazil would reduce crop quality.
"We think coffee prices have found a bottom after a long correction and expect sideways trading going forward," Tobias Merath, head of commodity research at the bank, wrote in the report. "Prices are now very close to fair value."
The coffee market remains in a surplus and inventories are rising, Merath said, without giving an estimate. Valuation, technical indicators and fundamentals of coffee have recently improved, according to the bank.
Cocoa prices are likely to keep trading between $2,000 and $2,500 a metric ton in New York for "quite some time," the bank said. It forecasts prices at $2,250 a ton in three months and $2,300 a ton in 12 months, according to the report. Prices have climbed 1.9 percent this month to $2,335 a ton.
"Prices are testing the upper end of this range again, but we see little impetus for a decisive break higher," Merath said. "The cocoa market is currently rated neutral on all accounts."


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Philippe Petit's High-Wire Act Caught on Camera
This summer, famed high-wire artist Philippe Petit taught his first series of tight-rope walking master classes at the Streb Lab for Action Mechanics (SLAM) in Brooklyn. If you weren't one of the lucky few under his tutelage then—six students were chosen for each of the three, two-day workshops—you can still get a peek at Petit's process with "Line Up: Rigging Knots + Glimpses of a Master Class," a new show at SoHo's Clic Gallery.
Open now through Jan. 16, "Line Up" consists of two parts: Petit's intricate drawings of rigging knots and Victoria Dearing's photographs of Petit and his students at SLAM.
Petit is best known for his high-wire walk between the World Trade Center towers in 1974, a feat that recently inspired the documentary "Man On Wire" and Colum McCann's novel "Let the Great World Spin," among other things.
These days, Petit said he can be particular about being photographed, after years of unsatisfactory experiences with photographers that were lacking in skill or creativity.
"On the high wire it's very difficult to photograph me when I do certain gestures, or a certain move," he said. "I don't know if my hand is at the right place or if I look [a certain way]—so you can imagine, to actually get me kneeling on the wire, I would have to work with the photographer, teach them and show them how this movement is seen from here, not from there, because I profit from 45 years of having been photographed mostly wrongly."
Of course there are exceptions. Dearing was invited as a friend to observe the master classes, and happened to bring along her cameras—a Leica M6 and a Widelux F6 1950s panoramic model. "I had asked if I could photograph [initially] and he said no," Dearing explained, "but I came with this rare camera. … Curiosity allowed me to introduce the cameras."
Said Petit: "[I told her] 'You cannot really move, you cannot have any of the photographer's conditions—more light, a tripod—you cannot even known what's going on.' " In other words, he was not going to interrupt his class or make changes to accommodate the photographs.
The resulting photographs, mostly black and white with one color collage piece in "Line Up," are quiet and intimate, even those taken from distance. One panoramic photo shows Petit lying down, on his back on the wire. "I shot underneath my arm; I would forget to take photos at times," Dearing said. "I didn't want to make any movements in his vision."
A few months after the SLAM series, Dearing dropped by Clic Gallery and showed one of her photographs to owner Christiane Celle. From there, they started to plan a show. Both Dearing and Petit (who splits his time between the Catskills and the city, where he is an artist in residence at St. John the Divine) will be at the show's public reception at Clic Thursday night.
While a self-professed admirer of photography, Petit said he does not take photographs himself; when he travels, he instead makes sketches of details and ideas that catch his eye. "Usually I am interested in unusual architecture … engineering and architecture and just brilliant ideas," he said.
Petit is in the process of finishing his seventh book, "The Square Peg," about the barn he has built; planning to bring his one-man show, which debuted in Los Angeles last year, to New York; and of course, he has his high-wire walks, including an upcoming performance on Easter Island. Petit practices three hours every day, he said, and insists it is always a love, not a chore.
"I am always impatient to get on the wire," he said. "I was looking at my own way of getting there, from the house to the practice field which is outside, and I realized that I am not walking, I am running. I am running to the wire—which I think is a great indication that this feverishness and passion and childlike energy has not evaded me yet."


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Chris Jennings serves as communication coordinator for Ducks Unlimited in Memphis, Tenn. He was born and raised in Terre Haute, Ind., and graduated from Indiana State University in 2006 with a bachelor's degree in Journalism. Chris spent nine years as military journalist/ public relations specialist and is currently an active member of the Association of Great Lakes Outdoor Writers, Outdoor Writers Association of America and the Tennessee Outdoor Writers Association.
Chris' love for the outdoors began with small-game hunting in the Indiana hardwood forests and fishing strip pits, creeks and lakes for anything that would bite. His introduction to waterfowl hunting was the beginning of a life-long passion. Chris' enthusiasm, like other waterfowlers, has blossomed into garages full of boats, decoys and other gear.
Spending time in the field making memories with family and friends are what Chris enjoys most about waterfowl hunting.