text:
Wenatchee water rates going up
WENATCHEE — A series of water rate increases is coming to Wenatchee starting next year.
The city will increase the rates by 3 percent a year starting next year and continuing for the next five years. A 3 percent increase equates to about 86 cents more per month for a typical single family home.


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Penguins Report: Southpointe 12/2/09
Wednesday, 12.2.2009 / 11:47 AM ET / Penguins Report
By Sam Kasan
There was some added entertainment value during the Penguins' practice shootout for the fans in attendence at Southpointe. Forward Bill Guerin somehow got hold of a microphone and started to emcee the competition. Some memorable lines were:
"Eric Godard, a seven-time all-star."
"Martin Skoula slows it down."
"Max Talbot...you all know what he can do."
"Here comes Jay 'Cheese' McKee."
Dan Bylsma
On the Colorado Avalanche:
We face a hardworking team. I think early on this season they developed. Whether it was on the road, home, they were going to work and keep working. Their goaltending was very good this season and gave them a chance to win games and they found ways to win, young guys stepping up, new guys coming in. It's really a young nucleus that provides them not only with their energy but some of the big goals that they've been getting from they're team.
On playing Colorado in a second of back-to-back games for the Avalanche:
Don't tell our players that we have an advantage. It's not an advantage until you make it an advantage. Yes they're traveling. Yes they're in the middle of a road trip. If it's going to be an advantage you have to exploit it and you have to show it. They're going to come in here and they have every possibility of having a great game from they're goaltender and their young players are going to come in here. They're going to be playing Sidney Crosby and Evgeni Malkin in our building for the first time. So they're going to have some jump and excitement because of that. I'm not expecting a tired team. I'm expecting a team that's going to be ready to play a team they view as a team that won last year and some great players. They'll be ready to go.
On Mark Eaton:
I think Mark, now having been with our team for a while, getting a little long-in-the-tooth in his career and experiences, he has the demeanor, much like Sergei Gonchar, a matter-of-factness about being a professional and coming to the rink. The highs aren't too high and the lows aren't too low. He goes out there, whether he's the sixth defenseman or whether he's the second defenseman, he seems to play the same way with the same demeanor. It's tough to tell when his bad days are, because of matter-of-fact and how professional he is about the way he works and plays. It pays of in times of injuries and difficulties. You know he going to come to the rink and work and bring the same mentality everyday, no matter what the situation is. That wears off on guys.
On coming through injuries:
There are challenges about getting guys back in the lineup. We'll gladly take them. Eight-two games, each team has to develop into their own identity, how we win, how we're going to play. You need some adversity. You need some different scenarios for your team to struggle through that. I think our team right now has a better sense right now of how to play and win games because of having gone through the first 28 games, a lot of that dealing with injuries. We're better now and we have a better sense of our identity and how we're going to play, because of what we've gone through, especially the last 15, 20 games. We still have to keep developing that. We have to keep working on that. You need that development on the team and in the (locker) room and how you win and how you play games to really have a chance of being how good you can become. You don't like adversity. You don't like injuries. But when you come out of them and your team has a better sense of itself and how guys step up it makes you a stronger team.
On Sidney Crosby shooting more:
I think as a goalie and a defenseman, you could have thought he was going to be a passer. Before when he was coming on a 2-on-1 or maybe on the power play, you could see him looking for passes. You could play on that and defend against that a little bit better. The passing skills certainly haven't gone away. And the ability to make that play has not gone away. But if the goalie's now worried about the shot, it's a different factor for the goalie. It's a different factor for the defensemen, a different factor on the power play. Different scenarios, it's adding another weapon. When you shoot the puck that much, he's shooting it pretty hard. The last few games he's had a couple chances that didn't go in that were cannons to the net. You wear goalies down with that. You make them think about the hard shot coming. The third goal for his hat trick was a fake slap shot where the goalie really bit and really opened up a chance for him to score. It's a different facet that he's developed and he's working on. It's a different mentality. He's shooting the puck more.
Assist Tom Mast
The Penguins were given a day off on Tuesday. The players had a chance to relax, get refreshed and come in ready to go for practice Wednesday afternoon at Southpointe.
The Penguins equipment staff added some flair to the dressing room by placing some team photos around the formerly barren walls.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Gorham papermill owner takes helm of cosmetics companies
Tilton will oversee the day-to-day global business for both brands including sales, operations, finance, marketing, product development, and packaging.
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text:
I have a network set up with a debian file server and several windows
workstations. I'm using samba (thus debian can be a file server). It
seems to work great, but once in a while I'll get an error trying to
access a file on the server...and then seconds later I can access it.
Though its not a big deal this can get very irritating. I've seen
this problem posted in a number of forms on here.
Has anyone fixed this?
Does anyone have any ideas how to?


text:
#1 Ranked Children's Hospital by U.S. News & World Report
MyPatients provides referring primary care providers with secure access to their patients' information.
Boston Children's has launched the world's 1st program dedicated to offering hand transplants to children who qualify.
Innovation insider is a semi-monthly e-newsletter analyzes innovations at Boston Children's, other academic medical centers and from industry.
Read the latest blog by a Boston Children's doctor, clinician or staff member.
There are many ways you can help children and their families get the care they need.
CME credits are available.
Updates in Pediatric Sleep Disorders is a 2 day course. The major objective of this course is to provide a comprehensive overview of the common pediatric sleep disorders. It is aimed towards pediatricians and other subspecialists treating children and young adults. It will also include a comprehensive review of basic sleep physiology and the circadian sleep-cycle. Specific areas of emphasis will include sleep apnea, nocturnal awakenings in childhood, difficulty with initiating and maintaining sleep and promoting good sleep hygiene in adolescents. It will review current standards of practice, and give cutting edge updates about recent developments in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric sleep disorders. For more information please contact email@example.com.
Here in the Neurology Department at Boston Children's Hospital, we have a strong commitment to developing future leaders in the field of child neurology. Please visit these pages for more information on our training and continuing education programs:
If you are referring a patient to the Boston Children's Neurology Department, please refer the family to our contact information here.
For more information on training opportunities at Boston Children's and referring patients to us, you may also want to visit the For Health Professionals page for all of Boston Children's.
The Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology of the Department of Neurology at Boston Children's Hospital offers a one-year fellowship program in Clinical Neurophysiology/Epilepsy. The fellowship program trains academically oriented physicians to become comprehensively trained pediatric clinical neurophysiologists and epileptologists who are familiar with the state-of-the-art diagnostic and therapeutic methods in the field.
Those who enter our fellowship have typically completed their training in child neurology. Our clinical neurophysiology training program is ACGME accredited. By the end of their year of training, fellows are eligible to take the Clinical Neurophysiology subspecialty boards of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, if they have previously completed an accredited residency program in Neurology. Currently, three positions are offered every year. The position is for one year. On an individual basis, a fellow may occasionally be offered a second year of research, depending on availability of funding.
The fellowship is divided into periods of two weeks each, with the three different rotations repeated in six-week cycles throughout the year:
1) EEG interpretation: Two weeks of reading all outpatient, inpatient and ambulatory EEGs (excluding inpatient long-term monitoring studies). These studies are read first by the fellow, then they are all reviewed and interpreted the same day with an attending neurophysiologist. We perform about 5,000 such studies per year and each fellow therefore reads more than 1,500 such studies during the year.
2) Inpatient Epilepsy Service: Two weeks are spent on the inpatient Epilepsy service and Epilepsy Monitoring Unit. During these two week blocks, the fellows are involved in the clinical care of various epilepsy patients admitted for various reasons, including long-term video EEG monitoring for characterization of clinical seizure episodes, both noninvasive and invasive pre-surgical evaluations, and admissions for seizure exacerbations or initiation of the ketogenic diet. During this rotation, the fellows interpret all inpatient long-term monitoring studies with an attending epileptologist. They also go to the operating room for intra-operative electrocorticography, placement of intracranial electrodes, or for resective epilepsy surgeries, and assist in extra-operative functional brain mapping. The fellows see with the attending epilepsy service patients in consultation on other inpatient units or in the emergency department.
3) Elective Rotation: two weeks are spent as elective time or rotating through other neurophysiology subspecialties as required for board eligibility, such as EMG, sleep and autonomic testing. This time has also been used by some fellows to complete clinical research projects.
The fellows are given the latitude to establish their rotation schedule for the entire year, and they cross cover for each other in case of personal emergencies.
Weekly teaching conferences throughout the year include the multidisciplinary Epilepsy Surgery Conference (at which the fellows get to present the cases), a comprehensive series of weekly lectures on all aspects of clinical epilepsy, and a comprehensive series of weekly lectures on all aspects of clinical neurophysiology.
Interested individuals should contact:
Phillip Pearl, MD
Director, Division of Epilepsy & Clinical Neurophysiology
Boston Children's Hospital
300 Longwood Avenue
Boston, MA 02115
Phone: (617) 355-2413 FAX: (617) 730-0463
A C.V. should be provided, as well as indication of the year for which the individual would like to be considered.. Appropriate candidates will be asked to provide three letters of recommendation and to come to Boston for a set of interviews. Positions are often filled 18 months in advance, but a position may occasionally be available on shorter notice.
Boston Children's Hospital is the primary pediatric teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School
The Electroneurodiagnostic (END) Technology Program for medical personnel at Boston Children's Hospital is a 12-month instruction program in the art and science of clinical neurophysiologic technology. The Program runs from June to June, Monday-Thursday.
Our program trains technologists in EEG, evoked potentials, epilepsy monitoring, sleep technology and related fields.
We also provide three additional months of optional training in Sleep and Long Term Monitoring (LTM).
We are grateful to have been ranked #1 on U.S. News & World Report's list of the best children's hospitals in the nation for the third year in a row, an honor we could not have achieved without the patients and families who inspire us to do our very best for them. Thanks to you, Boston Children's is a place where we can write the greatest children's stories ever told."


text:
KC firefighters busy with 3 overnight calls
No injuries reported in fires
Several fire calls kept Kansas City firefighters busy overnight.
Crews were called to an apartment building at 34th Street and Southwest Trafficway about 2:30 a.m. after a fire broke out there. The Red Cross said it was helping one resident find a new place to stay.
About a half-hour earlier, firefighters had been called to a home near 49th Street and South Benton Boulevard. They said flames were shooting from the house when they arrived.
No one was home at the time that fire broke out. No injuries were reported and investigators haven't said how that fire started.
Firefighters were also called to put out a kitchen fire at a duplex near Ninth Street and Cleveland Avenue.
Investigators said the fire started in the residence on the second floor of the home. Everyone in the building was able to get out safely.
Copyright 2013 by KMBC.com All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Real estate transactions require legal support and specific knowledge. Our lawyers have experience with real estate transactions and can offer specialized services for many types of transactions from single assets to big portfolios, as well as asset or share deals. From transaction structuring to contract negotiations, we can help you successfully navigate the acquisition process step by step.
Transaction structuring often carries with it legal and tax implications (real estate transfer tax, income tax, etc.). Our multidisciplinary approach brings legal and tax specialists together to find the right solution for you, and prepares contracts that translate the solution from theory into practice.
Our areas of expertise cover all sectors of the real estate market, and include:


text:
Recording King Updates Madison Line with Two New Banjo
Californian banjo expert Recording King has filled out it's
popular Madison line with two new instruments. The Madison line has
always been popular among players looking for a high quality,
wonderful sounding instrument and an affordable price.
The RK-R36 is built with a Mastertone-style bell brass cast tone
ring and one-piece flange just like their best-selling RK-R35, but
with a select mahogany resonator and neck. The 24-hook brass
tension hoop allows the head to be adjusted to the perfect tension,
and the nickel-plated hardware matches vintage Mastertone-style
specs at a fraction of the price.
The RK-OT25 on the other hand is an old-time picking machine,
with a steam-bent maple rim, 24-bracket tension hoop, and dual
coordinator rods for adjustability. Recording King say they've
built this banjo specifically for old-time players, with features
like their scooped fretboard, presto tailpiece and old-style Remo
FiberSkyn head.
To find out more about Recording King banjos, visit their site
Recording King's EZ Tone series uses one of the thinnest poly finishes ever combined with finely-tuned action for guitars that...
(PRESS RELEASE): Recording King's Dirty 30's Harmonella Guitars are a throwback to the dry, throaty sounding department-store instruments that have...
Recording King has released a new all-solid acoustic in the
shape of the RO-310 guitar. Featuring an Adriondack top...


text:
|Found 249 Recipes
|Revise this Search New Search
Butter Pecan Fudgeby kaly_ab Taste of Homes Holiday Recipes. Redawna
Famous Fudgeby squirrelwolfs No candy thermometer required for this fudge with butterscotch chips, ..
Peanut Butter Fudgeby susie1952 I HAVE MADE THIS RECIPE FOR MANY YEARS AND I HAVE MANY REQUESTS FOR IT..
Butter Pecan Fudgeby cookandbottlewasher This is a keeper :) This recipe from the Taste of Home magazine... Ver..
Fool Proof Fudgeby squirrelwolfs Can use white chocolate, peanut butter chips, fruits, mints, just be c..
Snicker's Fudgeby maizey From TOH posted by Maybrie
Triple Layer Fudgeby cyndi1975 *** as usual I've altered this recipe.. Instead of making the peanut b..
Diabetic Frankly Fudgeby queenietwo Even diabetics like to eat candy. I leave the alcohol out as brandy is..


text:
The Invisible Man
by H.G. Wells
The Invisible Man Science Quotes
How we cite our quotes: (Chapter.Paragraph)
Quote #1
"I should explain," he added, "what I was really too cold and fatigued to do before, that I am an experimental investigator."
"Indeed, sir," said Mrs. Hall, much impressed. (2.17-18)
Mrs. Hall doesn't really understand the science that the Invisible Man is doing, but she's still impressed by it. In The Invisible Man, non-scientists are sometimes suspicious of scientists and sometimes impressed by them. Where do you see this difference?
Quote #2
There were a couple of trunks indeed, such as a rational man might need, but in addition there were a box of books—big, fat books, of which some were just in an incomprehensible handwriting—and a dozen or more crates, boxes, and cases, containing objects packed in straw, as it seemed to Hall, tugging with a casual curiosity at the straw—glass bottles. (3.1)
The scientists in this book tend to have a bunch of stuff for science – microscopes and science journals and bottles (see 3.9, 15.1). We like this quote because it reminds us of the material aspect of science; it's not just about thinking, it actually involves experimenting on stuff.
Quote #3
Cuss, the general practitioner, was devoured by curiosity. The bandages excited his professional interest, the report of the thousand and one bottles aroused his jealous regard. (4.9)
Here's yet another type of reaction to science: professional jealousy. Cuss is a "general practitioner," so he's the village doctor. Still, he's not a researcher like Griffin (and possibly not as educated as Griffin or Kemp), and so he holds a "jealous regard" for all the equipment Griffin has. Through these characters, Iping is showing us a pretty wide range of responses to scientific research.


text:
Recently retired, Vegas finishes a spectacular jumping career with American rider Christine McCrea. Vegas was finished 11th in the Olympic Trials in 2008…Stud Fee: $1,800
ZIlverstar's sire Cardento is winner of 3 team silver medals which include the European Championships, World Equestrian Games and the Olympic Games. He…Stud Fee: $900
Victor E is a KWPN activated 2002 stallion by the world famous Indoctro. He is currently being campaigned by John McCrea of Windsor Show Stables in East…Stud Fee: $1,200
Twisther is 2000 Anglo European Studbook approved stallion jumping at the Grand Prix level with John and Christine McCrea of East Windsor, CT. In the…Stud Fee: $1,300
2014 KWPN-NA HORSE OF THE YEAR Imported in 2009 this 8 yr old Stallion by Indoctro is an exceptional specimen. In 2007 he scored an 8.1 in his 30 day…Stud Fee: $1,950
Recently imported by Redfield Farms, Fandango HX is an approved KWPN stallion by Vittorio. He was the Reserve Champion of the 2013 KWPN Stallion Show in…Stud Fee: $1,500
Southampton Sport Horses - Dutch Warmblood Filly. Joyful June. ($15,000) The Consul/Nimmerdor European Warmblood dynasty needs little introduction…$15,000
Shameless aka "Callame" is a young up and coming hunter stallion from Callado out of a Glen Alme dam who is carefully being educated in the Hunter divisions…Stud Fee: $800


text:
SUNY Oswego annual report, 24-hour fundraiser win awards
Two SUNY Oswego projects—an online interactive report of 365 days of activity and a successful six-figure fundraiser focused on 24 hours—recently earned regional and international awards.
Wed Apr 23, 2014
New interactive map to help visitors explore Rice Creek
SUNY Oswego has unveiled a new interactive, interpretive map for Rice Creek, the college's 400 acres of streams, fields, marshes and a biological field station south of the main campus.
Fri Nov 09, 2012
SUNY Oswego offers new mobile site plus apps
With an explosion of users on smartphones and other portable devices, SUNY Oswego recently rolled out a new enhanced mobile website while launching complementary apps in the Apple and Android stores.
Thu Jul 19, 2012
SUNY Oswego communications win APEX honors
SUNY Oswego's annual report, online alumni magazine and a video promoting the college production of "Grease" recently won recognition in the 2012 APEX Awards for Publication Excellence.
Page 1 of 1.


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Black Diamond Oval Wire KarabinerŁ5.50, added Aug/2007, see all Black Diamond news & reviews
Reviewed by TRip
Now having actually held one of these krabs I was impressed not only by its size and weight (or lack of...it's 45g) but also its wide base. The wide base is what makes the oval king, blowing all other racking 'biners out of the water. It enables ten wires to hang neatly while racked, rather than being splayed out in a mishmash of all directions, that inevitably end with tangles, dropped wires and tears, which I have experienced with other styles of karabiner. However I still wasn't convinced by the symmetrical nature of the 'biner convinced that mid-crux I would unclip the krab thinking it was the right way up when in fact it was upside down, drop all my wires and fall to a bloody and painfull death. After a few weeks of climbing with Ovals this hadn't happened and the wires racked on my other conventional krabs wire become noticeable harder to select and place in comparison, so I replaced my other three racking krabs with Oval wires.
I've now been climbing with my wires racked on Ovals for around six months and I'm still yet to drop a wire, something that has a happened to me on several occasions with other conventional krabs. Another advantage of the Oval is it's a nice big krab, preventing fumbles and dropped wires when climbing gloved. They are also inexpensive priced at £5.50 a pop. The only disadvantages I can see is they are not available in different colours to aid identification further, but in the days of coloured wires, this is no real hardship. If you buy a Black Diamond Oval Wire Karabiner you won't be disappointed.
Product: Black Diamond Oval Wire karabiner
Weight: 45g
Price: £5.50
Comparable products: BD Oval (£5.00 – 62g), Petzl Owall (£7.50 – 68g).
What is your opinion? Is this an ideal racking biner?
|Buy Now with Free UK Delivery!
See this product at the Outside Ltd shop
See this product at the Cold Mountain Kit shop
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It is so often the same story with Everton. Notoriously slow starters, proven strong finishers, and there or thereabouts when it comes to European qualification. But this season there is something different about David Moyes' side.
Saturday saw them put in arguably their best performance of the season so far at Craven Cottage, where somehow they came away with a 2-2 draw, despite being completely dominant. The performance of Marouane Fellaini made everyone sit up and take notice once more, while his Belgian compatriot Kevin Mirallas produced another performance that suggested he may just prove to be the bargain of the season.
Moyes has got his side well drilled, and playing attractive attacking football, which has got many inside the Everton camp believing they are genuine contenders to hold onto the fourth place position they currently occupy, and qualify for Champions League football for the first time since 2005.
Following their display at Fulham on Saturday, Moyes spoke of his 'disbelief' at coming away from the game with just a single point, after Martin Jol's side staged a late smash and grab. Jol then rubbed salt further into the wounds by claiming he did not believe that Everton would occupy that coveted fourth place come May.
"It's very brave and characteristic of him [Moyes] to say that but there are so many top teams in England so it will very difficult for Everton to be in the top four," said Jol.
"It's good to listen to a top manager like him. I feel that Everton is a top team. They are very difficult to play against."
Moyes and his captain Phil Neville have made no secret of their desire to finish in the top four this season, with Neville claiming they have taken the performances of Newcastle last season for inspiration.
Following their fantastic start however, Moyes' side have picked up four consecutive draws, all matches he could argue they should have won. It is that lack of squad depth, the ability to bring on a player to change the game with a moment of magic, that I feel will ultimately prove their undoing.
Their starting XI it could be argued are worthy of a top four finish. Leighton Baines is fast becoming one of the finest full backs in the country, while Tim Howard, Phil Jagielka and Sylvain Distin continue to perform consistently at the highest level.
Steven Pienner has been in inspired form since returning to Goodison Park, while Nikica Jelavic up front has proven that given chances, he will finish more than his fair share. And of course the Belgian pair of Fellaini and Mirallas have given Everton a completely new dimension this season.
The latter, a summer signing from Olympiacos has taken to the Premier League instantly. His performance in the Merseyside derby two weeks ago was exceptional, so much so it forced Liverpool to change their formation and make a double substitution at half time. Mirallas was forced to leave the field injured at half time, and the second half showed how sorely he was missed. One thing that will prove crucial for Everton's quest for the top four is whether he can replicate the sort of goal scoring form he produced at Olympiacos, where he bagged an impressive 34 goals in 52 games. He has managed just one for his new club thus far.
Meanwhile his Belgian compatriot Marouane Fellaini just seems to be getting better each week, his performance against Fulham was particularly impressive. The decision to play him further up, just off Nikica Jelavic has been an inspired one from Moyes, while the likes of Pienner and Mirallas supporting from either flank give Everton a real attacking threat. Leon Osman and Phil Neville have formed a formidable partnership in the middle of the park, born out of hard work and quality on the ball.
It is when you look beyond the starting eleven that you worry for Everton. The likes of Steven Naismith, Magaye Gueye and Darron Gibson look like their most attacking or creative options from the bench, and while all are decent players, they do beg the question as to whether they have enough to be playing for a top four side. If Everton were to suffer any injuries to the likes of Fellaini or Jelavic, you worry about the calibre of replacements.
Make no mistake about the quality of the job Moyes has done at Everton. Season after season he has pulled off major transfer coups, and got his side over-achieving year after year. If they can replicate their customary strong finish to the season, you wouldn't put a top four challenge beyond them by any means.
But their squad depth compared to the likes of North London duo Arsenal and Tottenham lead me to believe Champions League football come the end of the season will just prove a bridge too far.
Completely wrong about Gibson. He is EFCS unsung hero and the sooner we get him back in the starting line up the quicker we will turn the draws into wins! Top player and more important to EFC than Fellaini!
We have good cover defensively with Ovieda, Distin and Hibbert ready to step in if anyone gets injured. Up front Anichebe can step up and do a good job. In January would be good if we could add a central midfielder and another striker
"Leighton Baines is fast becoming one of the finest full backs in the country"…I think you should maybe widen that to the world.
Double edged sword this one…and I speak as an Everton of fan more than 30yrs. Its not just finishing top 4 that counts…its whether we have what it takes to get, at least, to the group stages next season and do it without hammering our domestic form with the additional matches.
Flip side of that is if we do miss out on Champs League we have that much of a tougher job keeping the squad Moyes has so painstakingly assembled together.
Tricky one either way!


text:
You're planning another visit to Mexico and, after rummaging through the drawers to find your passport, some notes appear with "Banco de Mexico" printed on them. You glance at the values—$1000 pesos, $50,000 pesos, $100,000 pesos—and you wonder: so what is $100,000 divided by today's peso exchange rate?
Mexico encountered two significant economic crises in recent decades: one in the early eighties and another in the mid-nineties. Both events had different causes although each imposed the same penalty on Mexico's peso: devaluation.
In the 1980s Mexico's currency was denominated not in ones and tens, but in hundreds and thousands. $50,000 peso notes were commonplace, and in the early 90s, the Bank of Mexico issued a $100,000 peso bank note. At the time, these were worth about US$16.50 and US$33 respectively.
On January 1, 1993 Mexico re-based its currency, removing three zeroes from all denominations and launching the New Peso. A new series of bank notes appeared, looking exactly like the old ones, with two exceptions: the new ones had three zeros missing from the numerals and the words Nuevos Pesos were added for clarity.
In October 1994 a brand-new series of bank notes was released in which the word "Nuevos" was dropped as Mexico's currency stabilized and people got used to the new currency.
The Bank of Mexico honors all genuine notes it issues, regardless of their date of emission, at present-day values. The present-day value is given on this page of the bank's web site. For the current value of old Mexican coins, see this page.
For example, a $1000 peso note dating back to the late 70s/early 80s is worth just one Mexican peso today. A $100,000 peso note dating back to 1991 is exchangeable today for a current-day $100 peso note. $1 and $5 peso notes dating back to pre-1975 are worth fractions of a cent and are now no more than museum pieces and collectors' items.
Stores and retail banks won't accept the old bank notes; you need to take them to the Bank of Mexico. Unless you have a lot of the more recent old-style bank notes, it may be best to just keep the ones you have as a souvenir, or visit a site like eBay to browse old Mexican bank notes and assess their current value in collectors' markets.
See Also: Guide to Money in Mexico


text:
Posted: Fri May 30, 2008 9:17 am
Post subject: im confussed
Hi this is my first post and i really need your help, i have been feeling off since last weekend now, but im not sure if i am pregnant or if im just turning anything into symptoms of me being pregnant. it all started on monday, i started getting pains in my boobs, so i had a bit of a feel to see if there was anything strange and to my amazement i was lactating (only a little bit). i have never lactated before so thougt it was a little odd. Anyway since then i have been getting cramps, i feel so bloated and gasey, im tired, iv been getting back ache and head aches, i keep getting a sick feeling in the pit of my stomach that comes and goes, i am also still lactating a tiny bit now and getting pains in my boobs that come and go. im not due on until next wednesday and the waiting to do a test is driving me nuts. i have been trying for nearly a year now with no luck. i feel like all these symptoms could be down to other things, im so confussed, what do you all think, am i just wishful thinking?
x x x
Posted: Fri May 30, 2008 9:50 am
Post subject:
Welcome to the world that is Ask Baby Mugs - im sure you will meet some lovely girls
All sounds good - what I would advise you to do is wait not to test until it's time to do so - easy said that done - I should know.
Like you im feeling the same and am due to test proper this weekend but like a silly fool I have been testing all week and getting a mixture of BFP and BFN - so let nature take its course and wait and see.
Sorry cvan not be of much more help - let us know how you get on we have all got our fingers crossed for you
Sending you lots of babydust (but don't think you need it cause think you already have a little growing in there!!!)
Posted: Fri May 30, 2008 12:43 pm
Post subject:
Hi Mugs, I so hope that you are pregnant. Like you I've been trying for a year, and I totally understand how you feel, hoping that you are pregnant.
I'm very unpatient, as if my period is a couple of days late, I do a pregnancy test and it can be very upsetting to get a negative.
Good luck I relaly hope you are pregnant.
Posted: Fri May 30, 2008 1:39 pm
Post subject:
Thank you so much for all your comments, i was starting to feel so alone and that everywhere i look there are pregnant women or babies.
I have got another question, sorry its a bit graphic, i have noticed i have started to get a white watery discharge today, any ideas what this could be. im starting to think maybe its a sign of my period on its way.
x x x


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CamRanger is Brilliant!
My friends at B&H love to pull my chain and nothin does it better than to hand me a new tool when they know I can't play with it. Last week they put in my hand the CamRanger and I've been playing with it every since. This is simply a great tool! Using the iPhone or iPad, Win or Mac & Android, you connect in seriously a heartbeat with the very simple and straight forward UI and you're operational. You see right through the viewfinder (taping the LiveView) so you shoot stills or video remotely, effortlessly. You can do time lapse, HDR, multiple focus and plain old click photography. It is SO well thought out, there isn't a thing I would do to improve it. I can't wait to install it in an aircraft cockpit and remotely shoot. Outstanding!


text:
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forum, steelers, message, board, football, pirates, #penguins, politics, entertainment


text:
Much of what is known remains deeply murky and is still unfolding. However, interesting details about how Petraeus and Broadwell apparently tried to prevent their communications from being picked up are trickling out.
Not only were they using pseudonyms, but they were using a method known in the intelligence community as the "dead drop," a tactic favored by terrorists trying to evade government surveillance of communications networks. Before the Internet, dead drops, often used by spies, would involve hiding a written message or package in a secret location or letterbox that only your fellow operatives would know about.
According to a revealing AP report quoting an anonymous U.S. official yesterday, Petraeus and Broadwell used a higher-tech version of the dead-drop technique: "Rather than transmitting emails to the other's inbox, they composed at least some messages and instead of transmitting them, left them in a draft folder or in an electronic 'dropbox.' the official said. Then the other person could log onto the same account and read the draft emails there. This avoids creating an email trail that is easier to trace." But Petraeus, as a spy chief, should probably have known better. Using the dead-drop tactic can certainly reduce the chances that sweeping surveillance dragnets will gobble up your communications—but it is not exactly secure.
The method was used by the planners of the Madrid train bombings in 2004, which killed 191 people, helping them to operate below the radar of Big Brother. However, law enforcement agencies over the years have grown accustomed to terrorists using the dead drop, and technologies have been developed to help counter it.
An interception tool developed by the networking company Zimbra, for instance, was specifically designed to help combat email dead drops. Zimbra's "legal Intercept" technology allows law enforcement agencies to obtain "copies of email messages that are sent, received, or saved as drafts from targeted accounts."
An account that is under surveillance, with the help of Zimbra's technology, will secretly forward all of its messages, including drafts, to a "shadow account" used by law enforcement. This may have been how the FBI was able to keep track of all correspondence being exchanged between Petraeus and Broadwell. (It's also worth noting that archived draft emails stored alongside sent and received messages on Google's servers can actually be obtained by law enforcement with very little effort.
Due to the outdated Electronic and Communications and Privacy Act, any content stored in the cloud can be obtained by the government without a warrant if it's older than six months, as Wired reported last year.)
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Petraeus needed better technology
Started by Noah, Nov 14 2012 08:29 AM
Posted 14 November 2012 - 08:29 AM
we're surrounded by low hanging fruit but our handlers only know how to order take out
Posted 14 November 2012 - 10:02 AM
He needed the technology of keeping his pecker in his pants.
"Whenever I see those crimson jerseys and crimson helmets, I feel humbled to have played football for Alabama. Other players in the NFL talk to me about their schools and their traditions. I just smile knowing the immense love Alabama fans have for our school and its football program. I'm proud to be a part of that Crimson Tide heritage."
-- Derrick Thomas
-- Derrick Thomas
Posted 14 November 2012 - 10:12 AM
or to bone a bitch with less crazy
Posted 14 November 2012 - 12:53 PM
or the fbi just asks google and they give up everything
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President Obama picks General David Petraeus as CIA director
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text:
Published: Sunday, September 15, 2013 at 3:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Wednesday, September 11, 2013 at 6:46 p.m.
Cooper Swindle Shaw, son of Jamie and Nicholas Shaw of Northport, was born July 7, 2013, at Northport Medical Center. Grandparents are Bobby and Judy Swindle and Angie and Roy Gann. Great-grandparents are Gladys Shelby Chandler of Northport and Aline Price of Northport. He has a brother, Riley Nicholas Shaw, 4.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
Local display advertising by PaperG


text:
Book your room at Grand Hotel Marriott Resort, Golf Club & Spa
Get an overview of this hotelUpscale resort on the beach, with 2 outdoor swimming pools
This Fairhope resort is on the beach, 0.8 mi (1.2 km) from Lakewood Golf Club, and within 6 mi (10 km) of Fairhope Municipal Pier and Fairhope Museum of History. Marietta Johnson Museum and Windmill Market are also within 6 mi (10 km).
Resort Features
Spend the day relaxing at the beach, practicing your swing on Grand Hotel Marriott Resort, Golf Club & Spa's golf course, or pampering yourself at the full-service spa. Then enjoy a meal at one of the resort's 3 restaurants.
Room Amenities
All 405 rooms provide free WiFi and free wired Internet, flat-screen TVs with digital channels, and conveniences like refrigerators and coffee makers. Room service, premium bedding, and free weekday newspapers are among the other amenities available to guests.Would you like to give us feedback? Share it! Opens in a new window
Grand Hotel Marriott Resort, Golf Club & SpaOne Grand Boulevard P.O. Box 639 Fairhope AL 36564
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Enjoy the umbrellas and sun loungers for a relaxing day at the beach. Summer fun is a breeze at Grand Hotel Marriott Resort, Golf Club & Spa, where you can play a round of golf at the golf course, cool off in one of the 2 outdoor swimming pools, and enjoy a treatment at the full-service spa.
Dining is available at one of the resort's 3 restaurants and guests can grab coffee at the coffee shop/café. The property also has a snack bar/deli. Guests can unwind with a drink at one of the resort's bars, which include a poolside bar and a bar/lounge. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. This beach resort also offers a children's club, a children's pool, and outdoor tennis courts. Onsite self parking is complimentary.
Grand Hotel Marriott Resort, Golf Club & Spa is a smoke-free property.
- 24-hour front desk
- Airport transportation (surcharge)
- Arcade/game room
- ATM/banking
- Babysitting or childcare
- Bar/lounge
- Beach sun loungers
- Beach towels
- Beach umbrellas
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Business center
- Children's club
- Children's pool
- Coffee shop or café
- Coffee/tea in common areas
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Computer station
- Conference center
- Conference space
- Conference space size (feet) - 35500
- Conference space size (meters) - 3195
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Elevator/lift
- Express check-out
- Fireplace in lobby
- Free RV, bus, truck parking
- Free self parking
- Free WiFi
- Full-service spa
- Garden
- Gift shops or newsstand
- Golf course on site
- Hair salon
- Health club
- Indoor pool
- Marina on site
- Meeting rooms
- Number of buildings/towers - 5
- Number of floors - 4
- Number of meeting rooms - 24
- Number of outdoor pools - 2
- Number of restaurants - 3
- Outdoor tennis courts - 10
- Poolside bar
- Porter/bellhop
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Sauna
- Smoke-free property
- Snack bar/deli
- Spa services on site
- Spa tub
- Steam room
- Supervised childcare/activities (surcharge)
- Tennis on site
- Terrace
- Total number of rooms - 405
- Free use of nearby fitness center
- Valet parking (surcharge)
- Waterslide
- Wedding services
- Year Built 1941
Family Friendly Amenities
- Arcade/game room
- Babysitting or childcare
- Children's pool
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
- Free Wi-Fi
- Indoor pool
- Outdoor pools
- Outdoor tennis courts
- Refrigerator
- Snack bar/deli
- Waterslide
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking, Valet parking (surcharge), Free RV, bus, truck parking
Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Bathrobes
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Coffee/tea maker
- Free weekday newspaper
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Daily housekeeping
- Designer toiletries
- Desk
- Digital TV service
- Flat-panel TV
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- Hair dryer
- Hypo-allergenic bedding available
- In-room massage available
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
- Iron/ironing board
- Phone
- Premium bedding
- Premium TV channels
- Private bathroom
- Refrigerator
- Room service (limited hours)
- Shower/tub combination
Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge.
The Grand Dining Room - Overlooking the ocean, this restaurant specializes in American cuisine and serves dinner only.
Saltwater Grill - Overlooking the ocean, this restaurant specializes in seafood and serves dinner only.
Buckys Birdcage Lounge - This beach piano bar specializes in American cuisine and serves lunch and dinner.
The Dining Room - Overlooking the ocean, this restaurant specializes in American cuisine and serves breakfast, brunch, and lunch.
Lakewood Golf Club - Overlooking the golf course, this restaurant specializes in American cuisine and serves lunch only.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
Guests can play rounds at the 36-hole golf course and enjoy other recreation facilities including outdoor tennis courts, a marina, and a health club. 2 outdoor swimming pools are on site along with an indoor pool. In addition to a children's pool, other recreational amenities include a waterslide, a spa tub, and a sauna.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Beach volleyball on site
- Golfing on site
- Boat tours on site
Spa Services
Guests can indulge in a pampering treatment at the resort's full-service spa, Spa at the Grand Hotel. Services include massages, body wraps, body scrubs, and body treatments. The spa is equipped with a sauna. A variety of treatment therapies are provided, including aromatherapy.
- Manicures and pedicures
- Body wraps
- Body scrubs
- Aromatherapy treatments
- Sauna in spa
- Massages
- Body treatments
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
- Roll-in shower
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 4 PM
Minimum check-in age is 21
Special check-in instructions:
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
- Pets not allowed (service dogs only)
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Only service dogs are allowed
Noise-free rooms not guaranteed
- Resort fee: 15 percent of room rate
- Pool access
- Fitness center access
- Shuttle service
- Internet access
- Newspaper
- In-room safe
- In-room coffee
- Self parking
- Additional inclusions
Optional extras
- Breakfast fee: between USD 18.95 and USD 18.95 for adults, USD 10.50 and USD 10.50 for children (approximately)
- Airport shuttle fee: USD 95 per person (one way)
- Airport shuttle fee per child: USD 95.00 (one way)
- Valet parking fee: USD 18.00 per day
- Rollaway bed fee: USD 15.00 per night
Hotel Name
- Grand Hotel Marriott
- Grand Hotel Marriott Resort Golf Club Fairhope
- Grand Marriott Golf Club
- Grand Marriott Golf Club Fairhope
- Grand Hotel Marriott Resort Golf Club
- Grand Marriott Resort Golf Club Fairhope
- Grand Marriott Resort Golf Club
We should mention
Reservations are required for golf tee times, massage services, and spa treatments. Reservations can be made by contacting the resort prior to arrival, using the contact information on the booking confirmation. Some facilities may have restricted access. Guests can contact the property for details using the contact information on the booking confirmation.
Awards & Affiliations
- Grand Hotel Marriott Resort, Golf Club & Spa is listed in the 2013 Travel + Leisure 500.


text:
To help introduce their new line of extreme sports protection gear, G-Force is running a promotional competition involving mixed martial arts. The company's MMA product line includes super-cool looking protective gear such as shin guards, crash shorts, elbow and knee guards — all of which are granted to chosen winners each week.
Through January 31, 2013, fans will submit one-minute long videos of themselves demonstrating their favorite MMA move, i.e., the "Move of the Month." The best submission will be named the grand-prize winner and the participant will be awarded handsomely; receiving an all-inclusive trip to London for a one-day training session with MMA super star, bantamweight Brad "One Punch" Pickett.
Pickett will also be judging the competition and in the video below, he says a few words about contest details and demonstrates his 'move of the week.'
That is one guy I would never mess with. Even his accent intimidates me. Good luck, all!


text:
Car slams into Clinton bank
No serious injuries reported
Published 1:12 PM CST Jan 22, 2013
No serious injuries were reported Tuesday when a car slammed into a bank in Clinton.
The crash happened about 12:15 p.m. at the Trustmark at Northside Drive and Clinton Parkway.
The car shattered the front door, but the female driver appeared to OK, 16 WAPT News reported.
Caution tape surrounded the front door Tuesday. The bank was closed inside for business, but the drive-through remained open.
Copyright 2013 by WAPT.com All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
The New York Times
Founding Faith: Providence, Politics, and the Birth of Religious Freedom in Americaby Steven Waldman
View All Available Formats & Editions
The culture wars have distorted the dramatic story of how Americans came to worship freely. Many activists on the right maintain that the United States was founded as a "Christian nation." Many on the left contend that the Founders were secular or Deist and that the First Amendment was designed to boldly separate church and state throughout the land.
The culture wars have distorted the dramatic story of how Americans came to worship freely. Many activists on the right maintain that the United States was founded as a "Christian nation." Many on the left contend that the Founders were secular or Deist and that the First Amendment was designed to boldly separate church and state throughout the land. None of these claims are true, argues Beliefnet.com editor in chief Steven Waldman. With refreshing objectivity, Waldman narrates the real story of how our nation's Founders forged a new approach to religious liberty, a revolutionary formula that promoted faith . . . by leaving it alone.
This fast-paced narrative begins with earlier settlers' stunningly unsuccessful efforts to create a Christian paradise, and concludes with the presidencies of Washington, Adams, Jefferson, and Madison, during which the men who had devised lofty principles regarding the proper relationship between church and state struggled to practice what they'd preached. We see how religion helped cause, and fuel, the Revolutionary War, and how the surprising alliance between Enlightenment philosophers such as Jefferson and Madison and evangelical Christians resulted in separation of church and state.
As the drama unfolds, Founding Faith vividly describes the religious development of five Founders. Benjamin Franklin melded the morality-focused Puritan theology of his youth and the reason-based Enlightenment philosophy of
his adulthood. John Adams's pungent views on religion–hatred of the Church of England and Roman Catholics–stoked his revolutionary fervor and shaped his political strategy. George Washington came to view religious tolerance as a military necessity. Thomas Jefferson pursued a dramatic quest to "rescue" Jesus, in part by editing the Bible. Finally, it was James Madison–the tactical leader of the battle for religious freedom–who crafted an integrated vision of how to prevent tyranny while encouraging religious vibrancy.
The spiritual custody battle over the Founding Fathers and the role of religion in America continues today. Waldman provocatively argues that neither side in the culture war has accurately depicted the true origins of the First Amendment. He sets the record straight, revealing the real history of religious freedom to be dramatic, unexpected, paradoxical, and inspiring.
An interactive library of the key writings by the Founding Father, on separation of church and state, personal faith, and religious liberty can be found at www.beliefnet.com/foundingfaith.
Editorial Reviews
The New York Times
Various American evangelicals have claimed the founding fathers as believing and practicing Protestants who intended America to be a Christian nation. Secularists, on the other hand, see in the same historical record evidence that the founders were often Deists at best. Both views are grossly oversimplified, argues Waldman, cofounder and editor-in-chief of Beliefnet.com. In this engaging, well-researched study, Waldman focuses on the five founding fathers who had the most influence on religion's role in the state-Franklin, Jefferson, Washington, Adams and Madison-and untangles their complex legacy. They were certainly diverse in religiosity, with Jefferson a self-diagnosed heretic, for instance, and Washington a churchgoing Anglican who was silent on points of doctrine and refrained from taking communion. All, however, were committed to the creation of religious freedom in the new nation. Waldman deserves kudos for systematically debunking popular myths: America was not primarily settled by people seeking religious freedom; the separation of church and state did not result from the activism of secularists, but, paradoxically, from the efforts of 18th-century evangelicals; and the American Revolution was as much a reaction against European theocracy as a struggle for economic or political freedom. Waldman produces a thoughtful and remarkably balanced account of religion in early America. (Mar. 18)Copyright 2007Reed Business Information
Leroy Hommerding
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Product Details
- 9781588366740
- Publisher:
- Random House Publishing Group
- Publication date:
- 03/11/2008
- Sold by:
- Random House
- Format:
- NOOK Book
- Pages:
- 304
- Sales rank:
- 624,351
- File size:
Read an Excerpt
Christian America
Settlers try to plant Protestantism as the official faith—and fail
The new world was settled to promote christianity. for more than 150 years, colonial governments actively supported and promoted Christianity. Less acknowledged today is a point well understood by the Founding Fathers: Nearly all of these experiments in state encouragement of religion failed.
Christopher Columbus believed the world would soon end. In the year 1652, to be exact, Christ would return and usher in a glorious new Kingdom—if certain prophecies were fulfilled before then. Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492 was one such event, he wrote later, a clear "fulfillment of what Isaiah had prophesied." He was quite certain that God had guided him. "With a hand that could be felt, the Lord opened my mind to the fact that it would be possible to sail from here to the Indies." Another precondition for Jesus's return was the conquest of Jerusalem, which was held by the Muslims. His voyages to the New World would help with that, too, providing a glorious model to inspire Christian warriors, and the gold to pay their way. Finally, his discovery of the new lands would enable Christians to fulfill another essential requirement, the spreading of the Good News to all corners of the world. "The Gospel must now be proclaimed to so many lands in such a short time," Columbus explained to Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand.1
After encountering hospitable natives in the Caribbean, he had become quite optimistic that he would indeed be able to bring these generous but unsaved souls to God, plus get some cheap labor. "If one asks for anything they have they never say no," he wrote.2 "They should be good servants . . . and I believe they would easily be made Christians, for they appear to have no religion."3
Though he declared a desire to convert them "by love and friendship rather than by force," the Europeans did not have a light touch with the natives. Those in the Caribbean who rejected or destroyed statues of Christian saints were burned at the stake. Slaughter and European-borne disease killed all but a few thousand Indians.4 But the Spaniards persisted and their missions eventually made their way to current-day Florida and Mexico.
While the Spaniards did not ultimately win control of the land that became the thirteen American colonies, fear of Catholic Spain's expansion helped prompt England to get serious about settling America in the early 1600s.5
Virginia's Lawes Divine
The twin goals of converting Indians and defeating Catholics provided a strong rallying cry for Virginia's settlers. Prospective settlers were instructed to bring "no traitors, nor Papists that depend on the Great Whore."6 An Anglican promotional booklet argued that if the Spanish had so much luck pressing their corrupt religion, imagine how successful the English could be with their noble goals of saving "those wretched people," drawing them from "darkness to light, from falsehood to truth, from dumb idols to the living God, from the deep pit of hell to the highest heaven."7 King James's charter for Virginia in 1606 made it official: The mission was to promote Christianity to those living "in darkness and miserable ignorance of the true knowledge and worship of God."8
The faiths of the settlers were tested even before they landed in Virginia. One-third of the immigrants on the Godspeed, the Discovery, and the Susan Constant in 1607 died en route. Once in America, their goal of converting Indians soon took a backseat to survival. In 1609 and 1610, the period known as "the starving time," the colony almost perished. Settlers ate dogs, cats, rats, and one another in order to survive. One man was executed for killing his wife for food.9
To try to salvage the colony, the Virginia Company in May 1611 sent Lord Thomas de la Warr and Thomas Dale, who swiftly issued a new set of laws to bring order, in part through forced religiosity. The law's preamble declared that the job of the king is "principal care of true Religion and reverence to God"10 and that the settlers themselves were "especial souldiers in this sacred cause." The new "Lawes Divine, Morall and Martiall" required worship twice each Sunday. Those who failed to do so would lose their daily allowance; a second infraction would draw a whipping, and the third offense would put them in the galleys at sea for six months. Settlers who failed to observe the Sabbath lost provisions for a week (first offense), received a whipping (second offense), or were executed (third offense). Women convicted of sexual misdeeds were required to wear white gowns, hold white wands, and "stand on chairs or stools during public worship."11 Blasphemy—the use of "unlawful oaths" and "taking the name of God in vain"—was a serious crime, sometimes punishable by having a hot iron plunged through the tongue, and sometimes by execution.12 Eight settlers were put to death in Jamestown for violations of Dale's laws. Though alien to us, the idea behind forced worship was practical: Pervasive worship would secure God's favor and give settlers the strength and moral wherewithal to cope with the crushing burdens of disease, Indian attacks, and internal squabbling.
As in England, clergy were to be supported by taxes and public funds, or, to be more precise, ten pounds of tobacco and a bushel of corn per settler. A special patch of farmland, a glebe, was also set aside for the parson.13 Despite these provisions, there was a severe shortage of clergy. By 1662, there were only ten ministers serving forty-five different parishes.14 Since there was no ecclesiastic church structure to monitor religious matters and manage clergy, the state accepted that role, even disciplining clergy who hadn't preached at least one sermon each Sunday.15
The settlers did survive, in part because of their strong faith. This alone prompted wonder. John Rolfe, an early Jamestown resident credited with the introduction of tobacco, wrote that the settlers were "chosen by the finger of God."16
In surviving, they prevented encroachment from French and Spanish Catholics who settled west and south of Virginia. At that moment in history, the Catholic Church was viewed in England not as a competing form of Christianity but as a fraudulent faith. It was called "the Whore" because it had prostituted itself by selling indulgences (the promise that for a fee, the church would make sure that the soul of a loved one wouldn't be stuck in purgatory). Protestants believed Catholics should be called papists, not Christians, because they had substituted worship of the pope for devotion to Christ. And only the Antichrist, it was thought, would use the trappings of faith to so distort the message of Jesus. Not surprisingly, the Virginia government attempted to squelch Catholicism within the colony. In 1640, it prohibited Catholics from holding public office unless they "had taken the oath of allegiance and supremacy" to the Church of England. It decreed that any "popish priests'' who arrived in Virginia "should be deported forthwith."17
The settlers' other religious goal—that of pulling the Indians from the deep pit of hell—proved harder to meet. Pocahontas's conversion to Christianity was much celebrated and, indeed, is depicted in a painting in the US Capitol to this day. But mostly the settlers just viewed the Indians as untamable savages, and vice versa.18 Moreover, Virginia certainly didn't limit itself to punishing just Catholics and Indians. In 1660, it forbade ship captains from importing Quakers;19 Puritan clergy were banished; and Jews were kept out entirely for two generations.20
As the economy developed and the population grew, the Church of En- gland became more powerful throughout Virginia. By 1740s, the church had become a place of social and spiritual nourishment for the gentlemen farmers who came to run the colony. Though it became more genteel and less coercive, Anglicanism remained the legally established, official religion of the colony. Taxpayers financed the salaries of the Anglican ministers in their area, as well as the construction of new Anglican churches. During some of this time, other religious bodies were simply not allowed to erect churches at all. Up through the 1740s, it was clear in Virginia that there was one church, one spiritual style, one faith—not just by custom but by law.
The Holy Commonwealth of Massachusetts
While religion was a factor in Jamestown, it was the impetus for Pilgrims who landed in Plymouth and the Puritans who settled in Massachusetts Bay. Again, the motivation was not promotion of Christianity in general but Protestantism specifically. Puritans believed that despite Henry VIII's split with Rome, the Church of England had retained too many vestiges of the Catholic Church. "Kneeling at the Sacrament, bowing to the Altar and to the name of Jesus, Popish holy days, Holiness of places, Organs and Cathedral Musick, The Books of Common prayer, or church Government by Bishops . . . They are nothing else but reliques of Popery, and remnants of Baal," sniffed one prominent Puritan.21 They viewed the Anglican ministers as ungodly and incompetent. In a petition to Parliament, one Puritan called the clergy "Dumme Dogs . . . Destroying Drones, or rather Caterpillars of the Word."22 Worst of all, the Church of England seemed to let in as a congregant any damned sinner who requested entry.
King James found the Puritans annoying. While passing through Lancashire one day in 1618, he noticed that the Puritans had even prohibited sports and recreation. He explicitly prevented them from banning "may-games, Whitsun-ales, Morris-dances, and the setting up of Maypoles"—all activities that Puritans regarded as pagan.23 Though we tend to think of those who settled in New England as fleeing severe religious persecution, it might be more precise to say most were avoiding the harassment of a government that wanted the Puritans to be more liberal. Frustrated by the relentless protests of the Puritans about the church, King James declared, "I shall make them conform themselves, or I will harry them out of the land, or else do worse."24
The Pilgrims were Puritans who had become "Separatists" because they believed that the Church of England was so corruptly entangled with Catholicism that nothing short of a clean break would suffice. They had left England and sought religious refuge in Holland. Their sense of mission was biblical: William Bradford, in his journal from Plymouth Plantation, compared these settlers to those cast out of Israel. "Our fathers were Englishmen which came over this great ocean, and were ready to perish in this wilderness; but they cried unto the Lord, and he heard their voice, and looked on their adversity."25 Sailing aboard the Mayflower in 1620, the Pilgrims wrote the Mayflower Compact, committing themselves to "ye glory of God, and advancement of ye Christian faith."
Though the Pilgrims landed the starring roles in future Thanksgiving celebrations, it was the Puritans who thrived economically, took over Massachusetts, profoundly influenced American religious history. (One historian estimated that in all thirteen colonies, Puritanism "provided the moral and religious background of fully 75% of the people who declared their independence in 1776.")26 In 1628, the "great migration" of Puritans from England began. They came for "liberty," said the Massachusetts minister John Cotton—the freedom to practice their religion precisely—"not of some ordinances of God, but of all, and in all purity."27 It was with tongue not in cheek that Richard Mather explained his motives for immigrating: the opportunity "to censure those who ought to be censured."28
In spring 1630, John Winthrop, an influential Puritan, boarded the Arbella and headed toward the New Israel. On board, he gave what would become one of the most famous sermons in American history. They were "God's chosen people," required by covenant to lead exemplary Christian lives. "We shall be as a City upon a Hill," he declared. "The eyes of all people are upon us." This passage has been used by many a politician since, evoking the idea that America would become a model of freedom for the world. But the rest of the sermon bore a darker message. If they didn't succeed in providing a Christian model, God would show his wrath—"we shall be made a story and a by-word through the world."29
The Puritans left us many ennobling legacies. They set up Congregational churches that stressed simplicity, local control, and a direct connection to God. Because reading the Bible was so central, they established a remarkable system of schools and pressed for widespread literacy. They outlawed usury and promoted the dignity of work, even to the point of endorsing trade guilds. But this book, by necessity, will focus on how they mixed church and state, and how they used power.
Like the Anglicans who settled in Virginia, the Puritans in Massachusetts viewed church and state as fully entwined—a "Holy Commonwealth." "Theocracy, or to make the Lord God our governor, is the best form of government in a Christian commonwealth," wrote John Cotton. If it seems shocking to read one of our forefathers so boldly employ a word today associated with Islamic fundamentalists, we ought to remember that it was a typical approach at the time. Since Constantine made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire, Western Christian leaders had believed that, thanks to Adam's bite of the apple, man was so inherently depraved, a strong one–two punch of church and state working together would be required to tame his evil impulses.
The Puritans believed that civil authorities, bound by the same Bible as they, could be responsible for creating a godly society.30 This wasn't to be state manipulating church but rather church shaping state. According to Puritan theology, drawn from French theologian John Calvin, they had an obligation to create a kingdom of God on earth—a society and a church of mostly "visible saints" that would make the worldly kingdom resemble heaven as much as possible. This church was to comprise a limited number of Christians selected by God to receive saving grace.31
Figuring out who was favored by God was no easy task. It helped if you were well behaved and prosperous, but that was no guarantee. A candidate for membership in a church would present him- or herself before the elders for examination. He would have to demonstrate facility with scriptures and provide a chronicle of how "God's saving Grace came to him." The mission was not to save sinners but to eject them, protecting the saints from corruption. Thomas Shepard, the pastor of the church in Cambridge, Massachusetts, explained that "if we could be so Eagle-eyed, as to discern them now that are hypocrites, we should exclude them now." Why? Because "one man or woman secretly vile, which the church hath not used all means to discover, may defile a whole church."32
The church was composed of the saved, and the state would be governed by members of the church. Only full members of the Congregational churches could vote in civil elections. One Puritan named Robert Child suggested that the limitations on the franchise and church membership be abolished. The Massachusetts General Court rejected his request, and had him arrested for good measure.33 Of course, Catholics were not allowed. (Since the Puritans tried to embody the compassion of Jesus, they did allow that any "Jesuits" who had ended up in their midst due to a shipwreck need not be killed.)34 In 1644, the Massachusetts General Court banned Baptists, too.35 Increase Mather, a Boston Puritan leader, later declared that "the Toleration of all Religions and Perswasions, is the way to have no Religion at all."36 Puritans did not hunt the eastern seaboard for deviants, but tried to keep their own communities spiritually pure. "The government of Massachusetts, and of Connecticut as well, was a dictatorship, and never pretended to be anything else," wrote Perry Miller, the foremost historian of the Puritans. "It was a dictatorship, not of a single tyrant, or of an economic class, or of a political faction, but of the holy and regenerate."37
From the Hardcover edition.
Meet the Author
Steven Waldman is co-founder, CEO, and editor in chief of Beliefnet.com, the largest faith and spirituality website. Previously, Waldman was the national editor of U.S. News & World Report and a national correspondent for Newsweek. His writings have also appeared in The Atlantic, The Washington Post, The New York Times, Slate, The Washington Monthly, National Review, and elsewhere. He appears frequently on television and radio to discuss religion and politics. He is also the author of The Bill, a book about the creation of AmeriCorps. Waldman lives in New York with his wife, the writer Amy Cunningham, and their children, Joseph and Gordon.
From the Hardcover edition.
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This is an excellent objective history of freedom of religion in the United States. It overthrows two current popular myths that are based on politically extremist views more than historical facts. The Religious Right mistakenly insists that the US was based on so-called "Judeo-Christian principles" (a phrase that would have confused the Founding Fathers--particularly the "Judeo" part) and Biblical concept. The Far Left insists that the Founding Fathers (particularly Thomas Jefferson) were athiests. This book shows that both views are incorrect. Most of the Founders (including Jefferson) believed in a God--but He was no neccessarily the God of either Christianity or the Bible. This critically acclaimed book finally gives credit to one of our greatest (some might say our greatest) Founding Father: JAMES MADISON. Madison actually entered politics to stop the arrests and abuses of Baptist ministers in 1770's Virginia. And yet by middle-age he was often labeled an "infidel" for his personal religious views; he rejected most of the major doctrines of orthodox Christianity. What this book does in illustrate how the philosophy of the Natural Rights of the Individual served as the moral foundation for the Republic, and how Madison, Jefferson and most other Founders (excluding Patrick Henry)believed that a completely SECULAR government was the only way tp protect the religious freedom of each individual.
Waldman is the chief, president, and co-founder of Beliefnet.com. I question his objectivity as a scholar largely because of the methodology that he allows with his Beliefnet.com, which resticts and even seeks to banish minority opinions on subjects that are presented related to religion and spirituality by a punitive infraction system on his forums. No explanation is adequately given for the complete meaning and function of such infractions. Waldman is a danger to academic freedom by allowing his beliefnet protocol to perpetrate such atrocities of free speech without total adequate explanation. I firmly do not recommend his writings without any reservations let alone on the subject of founding faith.


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Simple Sound Experiments For Kids
Simple Sound Experiments For Kids – A drum for
The sound of wind, noise of movement, words, music:
Sound all around us constantly. They are invisible, but listen well.
Materials needed for this simple sound experiment for kids
- 1 bottle
- 1 piece of thin plastic bag
- (Grocery bag)
- 1 elastic (link)
- A little powdered sugar
Simple Sound Experience
- Cover the jar with the plastic, keeping with the league (elastic).
- Tighten the plastic and place it over the grains of sugar.
- Put your hand in front of the mouth to blow on the sugar and loud shouts in the direction of the bottle.
What do you see?
Simple Sound Experiments For Kids Explanation
When you scream, jump sugar grains.
The sound is a vibration of air
vibrates the plastic. The movement
sugar grain allows us to see
sound effects.
Simple Sound Experiments For Kids Application
At the bottom of the ear is the eardrum, a thin membrane that moves with the
air vibrations stimulating the auditory nerve. Listen, is to decode the vibrations
In the seventeenth century, thanks to the manufacture of the first vacuum bells, Robert Boyle
(1627-1691) verified the transmission of sound vibrations, placing his watch in
vacuum bell, was able to confirm the decline in family ticking as it became
the vacuum in the bell. Without air, the sound could not vibrate or to vibrate.


text:
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Maj. Gen. Richard P. Mills, commanding officer of the 1st Marine Division, addressed the gathering at yesterday's ceremony. The unit, the most decorated division in the Marine Corps, will soon be deployed to the war in Afghanistan, with some leaving before dawn tomorrow.
— Charlie Neuman / Union-Tribune


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Khronos Starts Intitiative for 3-D Graphics on the Web
The Khronos consortium seized an offer from Mozilla and would like to create an accelerated, royalty-free standard for 3D graphics on the Web.
A working group, entitled "Accelerated 3D on Web," has been established and is chaired by Mozilla. The goal is to have the first results of this effort ready within 12 months.
All interested parties are invited to take part. The working group will test a diverse array of applications for an API that the accelerated 3D graphics will make useable. OpenGL and OpenGL ES 2.0 along with JavaScript are among the prospects.
OpenGL and its applications are available on almost every desktop system. In the future, JavaScript is to become more and more efficient. Mozilla has recommended the use of the OpenGL ES 2.0 API in connection with a JavaScript container, along with the standardized version of the ECMAScript. Khronos member Google wants to bring its experience with graphics and web development to the fold.
Issue 191/2016
Buy this issue as a PDF
LinuxCon North America Convenes in Toronto, Canada
Linux Foundation's big event celebrates the 25th anniversary of Linux
Linux Turns 25
Linux has evolved from a "won't be a professional" project to one of the most professional software projects in the history of computers.
Mirantis Joins Hands with SUSE To Offer RHEL Support; Red Hat Not Happy
Competitors get in the game with RHEL without Red Hat
Linux on Windows 10 Poses a Security Risk
Security researchers have already notified Microsoft; some fixes are available
Mirantis to Refactor OpenStack Fuel for Kubernetes
The company is collaborating with Google and Intel to use Kubernetes as an engine for Fuel
Canonical Joins Document Foundation Advisory Board
The upcoming release of LibreOffice will be available as a snap package
SUSE Joins the Microsoft Test Drive Program
Customers can take a free test drive of SLES for HPC on the Azure Cloud
SiFive Launches a Line of Open Source Chips
San Francisco-based chip company announces their first fully open source chip platform.
Fedora 24 Released
The whole distro gets rebuilt on glibc 2.3
Canonical Announces Cross-Distro Support for Snaps
Ubuntu Vendor tries to solve app packaging and distribution problem across distributions.


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Now showing items 2596-2615 of 9523Next Page
|Education, Adult and Continuing
|Education, Distance
|Education, Early Childhood
|Education, Educational Psychology
|Education, Elementary
|Education, Higher
|Education, Language and Literature
|Education, Medical
|Education, Nursing
|Education, Professional
|Education, Religious
|Education, Special
|Education--Aims and objectives--Evaluation.
|Educational administration
|Educational Administration
|educational attainment
|Educational evaluation
|Educational evaluation.
|Educational history
Now showing items 2596-2615 of 9523Next Page


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14227 Jefferson Davis Hwy
Directions Woodbridge, VA 22191
Lustine Toyota, located at 14227
Jefferson Davis Hwy in Woodbridge, Virginia, takes
pride in our helpful staff and we will do everything to make your new or
used car buying experience the best you have ever had. We have served
Alexandria, Arlington, Stafford, Fredericksburg, Springfield and really Most of the Northern,
VA ....helping our customers purchase new and used Toyota cars and
If you're looking for a new, sporty & dependable vehicle, have a look at our new 2016-2017 Toyota inventory. At Lustine Toyota, our current selection includes the Corolla, Camry, RAV 4, Highlander, Tacoma & more in Woodbridge. We also have several new Toyota Hybrid cars in stock on our Woodbridge lot. You'll discover plenty of New Toyota's to choose from, so no matter the type of automobile you're looking for we have something to fit your needs. Call us at (866) 984-6839 and speak to a friendly salesperson today! Our large inventory and pleasant atmosphere make us a leading new & used car dealership for the Woodbridge area. Serving drivers from the Alexandria, Manassas, Springfield VA and Arlington areas, all the way down to Fredericksburg, Stafford...or anywhere else in the Northern Virginia Area.
Looking for a Certified, Pre-owned, or used car in Woodbridge? Lustine Toyota is the Woodbridge Used car dealership that has the large pre owned vehicle and used hybrid selection you've been looking for. Whether it's a used car, SUV, van, or truck in Woodbridge you want, Lustine Toyota will work hard at getting you into it.
Need a car loan? No problem! Lustine Toyota has a great finance team that will help you get a car loan in Woodbridge to put you in the new Toyota or used car you want. We make the buying process easy by providing our lowest possible rate, so there will be no need to go from bank to bank. Check out the Toyota Finance page to see all of our financing options.
Get the repair and parts your Toyota needs from the industry experts at Lustine Toyota. Our mechanics will make sure your car is fixed right the first time, and our professional parts department has a large inventory of auto parts to fill orders quickly. For Toyota car repair in Woodbridge and original Toyota car parts, visit Lustine Toyota located at 14227 Jefferson Davis Hwy.
We thank you for visiting our Toyota dealership's website. You can find additional information about Lustine Toyota on our About Us page, or by calling (866) 984-6839. We are conveniently located near Alexandria, Arlington and Springfield VA at 14227 Jefferson Davis Hwy, Woodbridge, Virginia, and we look forward to serving your automotive needs! If you need directions to our Toyota dealership from Springfield VA, Arlington or Alexandria, click here.
Our most popular 2016-2017 Toyota models:


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European Commission Trains Gaze on Money Market Funds
The European Commission's often-difficult relationship with the financial industry has taken a fresh turn after it put forward proposals for Europe's money market funds, requiring them to make big changes to the way they're valued and to step up their capital buffers.
As a quick reminder of what these funds are and why they're so important: money market funds hold much of the world's short-term debt – both corporate and sovereign – and therefore supply governments, companies and banks with much-needed liquidity. In Europe they hold more than €1 trillion ($1.3 trillion).
Institutional investors and corporations use them in place of banks to park their excess liquidity in the hope of better returns than bank deposits.
That makes then a crucial cog in the workings of the financial system.
The EU is worried on two counts. First, it argues that the funds' exposure to bank debt is getting riskier amid moves to limit bailouts should banks get into trouble. Secondly, in markets that are skittish at best, it's worried that a sudden loss of confidence could lead to swift withdrawals and freeze liquidity in the funds.
The solution? Well the European Commission's proposals effectively state the following:
- Funds have to value their assets daily or build up capital buffers of 3% of assets
- At least 10% of funds' assets have to mature within a day
- At least 20% of funds' assets have to mature within a week
- Funds' exposure to another single entity cannot exceed 10% of their assets
- Funds cannot pay rating agencies to evaluate their credit worthiness
Brussels correspondent Gabriele Steinhauser has more over on WSJ.com.
Constant value money market funds, which offer a guarantee of their value to investors rather than valuing daily, have come out against the proposals, arguing that capital buffers would erode already-thin margins.
Susan Hindle Barone, secretary general of the Institutional Money Market Fund Association, or IMMFA, said the huge sums required to pay for the buffers will inevitably lead to widespread fund shutdowns.
Ratings agencies were also angered by the decision to effectively bar the use of credit ratings by money markets funds in the new regulations.
Martin Winn, a spokesman for Standard & Poor's, said: "Banning independent ratings would be unprecedented internationally, wholly unjustified, and do nothing to improve market confidence globally in the stability of European money market funds.
"We don't support mechanistic reliance on ratings, but money market fund managers and their investors should be free to use the investment tools they deem appropriate.
"The future of European money market funds requires more, not less transparency, and more rather than fewer independent views of risk."
Joe McGrath contributed to this post.


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Janet Muirhead Hill's tales of Starlight, a spirited young horse, and the equally spirited Miranda Stevens, who loves him, will warm young hearts. Meet her friends, Laurie Langley, Christopher Bergman, and their horses, Queen and Lady.
Miranda and Starlight (Revised Edition)
Starlight's Courage
Starlight's Shooting Star
Starlight Shines for Miranda
Starlight Comes Home


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Lucky reader Twila is enjoying a European vacation right now. Only she has one sort of inconvenient problem: her Capital One debit card won't work in many of the places she's visiting. Like her hostel. And entire parts of London. [More]
MasterCard's New MasterPass Seeks To Cut Out That Annoying "Waiting To Checkout" Thing
Who needs a physical wallet anymore? Those old things made of leather or duct tape or whatever? Eww. MasterCard is banking on the popularity of other digital wallet systems with the introduction of its new offering, the MasterPass. It doesn't shut with velcro and you don't need one of those chain things to keep it in your pocket. [More]
Walmart Comes Out Against Credit Card Swipe Fee Settlement
Earlier this month, when the Visa and MasterCard announced a massive settlement in the legal battle over credit card swipe fees, it looked like the seven-year-old dispute had finally come to an end — and that we'd all soon be seeing credit card surcharges at retailers. But in just the last few days, the nation's largest retailers have come out in opposition of the settlement. [More]
Visa, MasterCard Agree To Let Merchants Add Surcharges To Credit Card Purchases
Earlier this week, we told you that a settlement in a huge lawsuit between merchants and Visa and MasterCard was in the offing and that it could open the door to retailers tacking on surcharges to credit card customers. Well, that proposed settlement has come to pass, meaning you may soon be paying more for the privilege of using your credit card. [More]
Get Ready To Pay Surcharge Every Time You Pay With Credit Card
Visa and MasterCard know there is nothing that American consumers love more than fees and surcharges. That's why the credit card companies are reportedly looking to do away with longstanding rules that prohibit merchants from adding on extra costs to customers who pay with credit. [More]
Visa, MasterCard Don't Want You Knowing Which Companies Are Failing At Protecting Your Information
If your bank tells you that your credit card information was stolen from an online merchant you bought something from, it only makes sense that the bank also tell you which e-tailer failed at protecting your information. But the banks say they can't share this info because the folks at Visa and MasterCard prefer to keep that information private lest you stop doing business with the sources of the leaked information. [More]
Payment Processor: Up To 1.5 Million Credit Card Numbers Stolen
The news from the hacked third-party payment processor for MasterCard and Visa got worse over the weekend, as early reported estimates of around 50,000 card numbers put at risk turned out to be wrong by 1.45 million. [More]
MasterCard, Visa Payment Processor Says Violation Occurred In Early March; 50,000 Cards At Risk
Earlier today, we wrote about how MasterCard and Visa had begun notifying banks about a possible data breach at a third-party company that processes credit card payments. Now more information has come out regarding when the breach occurred and how many people may be affected. [More]
MasterCard, Visa Warn Banks Of Possible Data Breach
MasterCard has notified law enforcement and banks that issue its cards of a possible data breach at a third-party payment processing company. [More]
Prepaid Debit Card Fees Are Wildly Inconsistent, Not Always Disclosed Up Front
The Federal Reserve says that prepaid debit cards are the fastest-growing non-cash way to pay. All that competition to get customers has led to an overall decrease in the fees associated with these cards, but a new study finds the price points for these fees are all over the place, and that companies are not always up front about disclosing them. [More]
Why You Probably Shouldn't Use A Credit Card To Pay Your Taxes
As the deadline for filing your federal tax return draws near, so does the anxiety of how you're going to pay Uncle Sam the money you owe. If you can't write a check for the full amount, the simplest and fastest way could be to put it on your credit card. But that's probably not a good idea. [More]
How The Different Credit Card Issuers & Networks Handle Chargebacks
Whenever someone has a dispute with a merchant over a credit card charge, we always suggest they attempt to issue a chargeback through their credit provider. But not all card issuers and credit card networks handle chargebacks in the exact same way. [More]
Intel Wants To Make It Easy (And Safe) To Pay For Purchases By Swiping Your Card Against Your Ultrabook
The big story, in terms of a technology that is here and that consumers seem to actually want, is super-thin Ultrabook laptops that contain Intel-produced processors. And the folks at Intel tell me they don't just want to provide users with a faster, lighter-weight computing experience; they also want to make it safer and easier to shop online. [More]
Here's A Credit Card That Looks To Trap ID Thieves By Making Them Think They're Clever
We've already seen credit cards that generate unique, random security codes every time a card user makes a purchase, so that it would require the buyer to have the physical card on them in order to buy something. But here's a card that wants the ID thief to think he's more clever than he is. [More]
Credit Cards To Sell Your Buying History So Online Advertisers Can Target You More Precisely
How about a world where you swipe for a Big Mac and then the next time you go online you get an ad for Slimfast? That's the big idea behind Visa and Mastercard's new business foray: selling off all your swipe data to online advertisers so they can more precisely target their ads to what's going on in your skull. It's another nail in the coffin for the quaint fiction we call "online privacy." [More]
Bank Of America, Chase, Wells Fargo, Visa, MasterCard Sued Over ATM Fees
Have you ever glared angrily at the ATM, knowing that you're going to be saddled with fees and wishing you could sue everyone involved? Well, it looks like more than one person has followed through on this idea. [More]
People Are Back To Making Late Payments On Their Credit Cards
Two months ago, the number of people making late credit card payments was at its lowest since Justin Bieber was a twinkle in his parents' eyes. Of course, when you reach a low like that, there is often nowhere to go but up. [More]
ATM Council Sues Visa And Mastercard For Forcing Them To Charge Consumers Set Fees
Visa and Mastercard have been accused of price fixing in a lawsuit filed Wednesday by the the National ATM Council. The suit alleges that nonbank ATM operators could charge customers lower ATM fees when they use other, cheaper payment networks, but are prevented from this by the set access fees Visa and MasterCard charge. [More]


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The Editor-In-Chief rants on the hypocrisy of covering kids up
October 31, 2007 5:48 PM
The relentless sun burns the beach when a sand-covered toddler stands up in the middle of her sand creation, hops over shovels and buckets and runs into the shallow water. As she returns, a group of kids playing nearby freeze and stare at her. One girl breaks the silence and says: "She is naked. Dad, why is she naked?" The dad answers that maybe she likes to be naked. And that is exactly what my daughter Stella wants—to run around the beach butt-naked. I thought all children did—until I moved to this country. Those other kids on the beach were shocked, probably because they've learned that they should cover up in public. Little girls are often even dressed in miniature bikini tops.
Sitting in wet sand with a wet bathing suit for too long can't be healthy for little kids, but putting on bikini tops on little babies seems even unhealthier. So why do adults feel a need to cover their little darlings? Is it really because they are too uncomfortable with the thought that some people might look at their children the wrong way? Is it a moral decision? Or does it simply have to do with the urge to follow the latest commercial hype?
This summer, a Gap advertisement took the crazy business with covering kids up to an alarming level. A baby girl dressed in a white, rectangular bikini and a cowboy hat adorned the front page of the infant clothing section on the company's website.
Little girls have nothing to hide, yet someone covered this infant's undeveloped breasts in an attempt to make her seem as a cute little copy a woman—because that sells. I don't think it's cute, I think it's outrageous!
The fact that girls have to learn that their bodies need to be covered up is in itself an act of objectification.
As I see it, there are two reasons why women cover their breasts on the beach. Primarily, the puritan, moral code in this country says that it's forbidden to show any naked parts of the female body—hence no sunbathing topless. Secondly, women are supposed to cover from the male gaze in order to act accordingly to society's set norms of how a woman should act. However, a bikini is many times not covering a lot, only enough to make it socially acceptable. The bikini-top on the infant-Gap-model is no different from the bikini styles that hook readers into the pages of magazines such as Maxim, for instance.
Putting a bikini on a little girl suggests, first of all, that her little body already is subject to sexual emotions and therefore needs to be covered, and secondly that she has to live up to the moral codes and set norms of appropriate femininity already as a baby. She doesn't know about genders yet, and it will take many years before she can make her own decisions regarding clothing that either fit into an "appropriate" feminine role or not.
By covering her undeveloped breasts in a way that her mom might is to signal that "you are the same as me, you are born female and this is what you have to do." Because of this, girls become aware of their bodies from a viewers' perspective way too early.
Kids should be able to feel free in their bodies and not have to worry about what other people see or don't see. Let kids be kids and experience the feeling of running around butt-naked—just as nature intended them to.
Copyright © 2008 [X]press | Journalism Department - San Francisco State University


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The Mind of an Athlete: Play, Eat and Sleep… but What Are You Sleeping On? If you are a true athlete you want to be the best. You eat healthy and get the correct amount of sleep, but did you ever realize that the mattress you sleep on everyday could be a reason why you..read more
Costumers sometimes call and ask why their LaNoodles in their LaNoodle Cuddle Topper are not evenly spread out. Answer is most of the time the solution is something as little as watching the way you unroll the topper on your mattress. Sometimes when customers receive their topper they are excited and pick it up by..read more
Does your partner complain about you snoring in bed? Look no further than your own pillow. Pillows that do not support your head and neck correctly can result in your airway to collapse or become blocked during sleep, causing pauses in breathing. This is a common disorder called Sleep Apnea. Sleep Apnea is when you..read more
CozyPure® shows off our "green thumb" by becoming one of the top 10 finalists for Green America's People & Planet Awards. Out of 100 other nominated businesses CozyPure® has the opportunity to obtain $5,000 because of our commitment to clean, renewable energy. This reward goes to the top 3 businesses that receive the most votes..read more
Have you ever wondered how CozyPure's pillows are so soft? One of the materials that we use is Natural Kapok. Kapok is soft and silky and resembles the feeling of down but with more firmness and support. This unique material in our Bed Buddy Body Pillows and the Pure Kapok Organic Sleep Pillow. The Kapok..read more
Do you like to cuddle but your partner doesn't? Here are some health benefits to convince them that there's more to cuddling than meets the eye. Cuddling releases Oxytocin, which is also known as the feel good hormone. This creates a sense of well-being and happiness. When you cuddle it can also release endorphins. This..read more
Ralph Nader is a consumer advocate, author and lawyer, with more than 40 years at the forefront of progressive movements. He was the keynote speaker at DC Greenfest and stopped by our booth – and he's now a proud OWNER of our CozyPure LaNoodle Pillow. When Ralph visited our booth, along with Denise Hamler of..read more
Have you ever had days when you just can't remember things? When it's hard to even add something as simple as 2+2? It's time to consider that sleep could be your problem. Sleep is very important in our everyday life. After a good nights sleep your thoughts are clearer, and your emotions are less fragile...read more
Do you toss and turn every night? There are a lot of factors that interfere with a good nights sleep. It could be pressure from work and family to relationship issues and illness. We can't always control the factors that ruin our sleep but adopting habits that encourage a good nights rest is a great..read more
When you think of the word "clean energy" what comes to mind? Can the average Joe actually define this term? Clean energy is produced by renewable resources. So a way that we are able to make clean energy is by using resources like water, oxygen and the sun. The Organic Comfort Zone CozyPure products are..read more