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"The impunity of every citadel is intact" – the taming of the Verma Committee Report, and some troubling doubts
Legal activist Vrinda Grover said in the FeministsIndia e-list about the Ordinance: "The impunity of every citadel is intact – family, marriage, public servants, army, police." In effect, she said, the Ordinance is simply the pending Criminal Law Amendment Bill 2012, widely criticized by women's organizations, which has been sneaked in as law without debate or consultation, in Parliament or outside. Feminists activists are rightly suspicious of the sudden sense of "emergency" that has gripped the government, when it has ignored our demands for criminal law reform on sexual violence for over twenty years.
Here I will document two press releases issued by women's groups, and draw attention to some troubling and unresolved debates within the women's movement in India today. The post will conclude with a useful table comparing the Ordinance and the JVC Report, issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs.
As has been widely reported now, hundreds of individual women's movement activists and organizations from all over the country have called upon the President not to sign into law this Ordinance that makes a mockery of the recommendations of the Justice Verma Commission Report that was received with a sense of relief and acclaim by feminists in India. Despite these appeals, the President signed the Ordinance today.
The press release making this request to the President said:
Information in the public domain, through media sources, reveals that an Ordinance on amendments to sexual assault law was cleared by the Cabinet yesterday, on February 1, 2013 – about 20 days before the next parliamentary session. We are alarmed at the complete lack of transparency displayed by the Government in proposing an Ordinance as an emergency measure. We wonder what objective and purpose will be served by such a hasty non-transparent measure – less than 3 weeks before the parliamentary session, since the proposed law will not retrospectively apply to the Delhi gang rape case.
We demand transparency and due process in law making. We demand that the Parliamentary process, including the Standing Committee process be upheld, for this is the place where we, as citizens of this country, have the right to be heard.
The statement pointed out that virtually all the recommendations of the JVC Report that had been hailed as "signs of a paradigm shift" in understanding violence against women, had been dropped, that is:
recognition in law of marital rape, new provisions on the offence of breach of command responsibility, non-requirement of sanction for prosecuting a member of the security forces accused of sexual assault and rape, provision for trying them under ordinary criminal law for sexual crimes; and change in definition of consent to any sexual act. ..
Furthermore, the content of the Ordinance to our knowledge has introduced provisions that were strongly rejected by the Justice Verma Committee, including the death penalty.
It is revealing that the sanction for prosecuting members of security forces involved in sexual assault has been retained. Rape is not only about individual or private acts of misogynist violence, feminists have long been concerned with sexual violence as a weapon of war, and as part of a wider repertoire of race, communal and caste violence. In India, custodial sexual violence against women (by police and army) and the culpability and impunity of the state, has been addressed in significant ways.
Large parts of the country are under effective army rule, the North-Eastern states and Kashmir in particular, being covered by the Armed Forces Special Powers Act. From time to time acts of sexual violence on women (activists as well as relatives of men suspected to be militants) are carried out by members of the Indian state's armed forces.
Many such instances come to the notice of democratic rights groups and feminists, and are investigated by them, and protested about in various ways. Many remain unknown. But for the women's movement in India, the recognition of rape as a political weapon is a significant part of its politics.
But what is the Indian state saying when it rejects the idea through this Ordinance that such cases should be tried under the criminal law of the land? Is the Indian state making it quite explicit that rape is a weapon of war, and that its coercive apparatus will continue to use it with no compunction?
Two issues stand out in the conversation within the women's movement – gender neutrality in rape law and marital rape. The statement is strongly critical of the provision of gender neutrality regarding the perpetrator of sexual assault, suggesting that both women and men could potentially be charged for the offence. The statement insists that "Rape as we know it is a crime largely defined as male violence against women, with absolutely no evidence of women as perpetrators. This is in disregard of the Justice Verma recommendations too, and is totally unacceptable."
The question of gender neutrality in law on sexual violence is the subject of sharp debate within feminist and queer groups in India. One important suggestion for rape law reform is to remove narrowly defined 'rape' (which is defined only as penile penetration of the vagina) and replace this with a series of degrees of 'sexual assault', the punishment increasing in severity with the degree of physical harm caused. As Flavia Agnes has pointed out, only in sexual assault is harm caused by a part of the human body considered to be more grievous than harm caused by a weapon. The reason why in patriarchal law, penile penetration of the vagina is considered more grievous than penetration by say, an iron rod, is obvious. Rape is considered to be a harm against the honour of the woman's family, and the purity of her womb. Only the penis can damage that purity in such a way that patrilineal succession is cast in doubt – all other damage is bearable, ideally, leading to the death of the raped woman. That would be most ideal from the point of view of the family.
But once the definition of rape is expanded, gender neutrality of the perpetrator will have to be taken into account.
As Rohini Hensman said in the FeministsIndia e-list while discussing the issue of gender neutrality:
My mind goes to little 10-year-old Sonu who was sexually tortured and killed by the women who employed her. So according to our definition, women can quite easily rape a child or another woman, although Sonu's case would be covered by the new Child Sexual Abuse Act. In rare circumstances, like Abu Ghraib, women can even sexually assault men. In situations of mass violence like Gujarat, women can be part of the mob engaged in 'criminal solicitation' (the charge against those who cheered on the rapists in the film The Accused, which was based on a real-life gang-rape).
With the possible repeal of Section 377 on the cards, there is consensus among feminists on gender neutrality with regard to the victim, so that rapes of men, boys and hijras can be taken into account. Where the perpetrator is concerned, it is more complicated. The perpetrator is assumed to be generally male, but in cases of custodial rape or rape in the context of a clear power situation, gender neutrality is also being proposed by some feminists for the perpetrator. The JVC Report has considered separate types of sexual abuse/violence separately, such that in some kinds of sexual abuse the perpetrator can be gender neutral and in others, not.
The suggestion of unqualified gender neutrality for the perpetrator of sexual violence is very contentious within the feminist perspective, as the statement above reveals. The fear is that gender neutrality with regard to the perpetrator except in clearly defined situations such as custody/authority, and with regard to child abuse, will only further make women the target of the law rather than offering them protection, given our overwhelmingly patriarchal and sexist context.
The other question has to do with recognizing marital rape. Again, Rohini raised a question that has long troubled me – if a marriage is violent, that must be grounds for divorce, but what are we saying when we insist it be treated as a crime? Is it preferable for a woman to have a husband in prison than be divorced? Does the idea of marital rape as a crime in fact protect the institution of marriage?
Rohini put it this way:
It is one thing to say that marital rape should be regarded as an act of domestic violence and should be grounds for divorce – that should be relatively non-controversial. But given that marriage is a sexual relationship, should all cases of marital rape be punished with 7 years or more in jail? Consider the following scenario: A young woman and man are married off, and the same night she comes crying and complaining that her husband raped her. Should he be jailed for what is, from his point of view, merely consummating their marriage? Unless we are demanding very clearly that the state ensure that all marriages are consensual (are we? in which case, how?), then we can hardly demand that he should be jailed for years – that is simply inconsistent and unfair too. So we need to make it much clearer what we mean by 'recognition of marital rape' before we can argue for it convincingly.
Rohini's comments point to the inherent violence of compulsory marriage that grounds our society. In other words, criminalizing marital rape rather than treating it as grounds for divorce may still leave "the impunity of the citadel" of marriage intact.
In a related press release, sex workers' organizations across the country (National Network of Sex Workers – India) too urged the President not to sign the Ordinance, raising a very crucial set of issues that have to do with criminalizing sex work. The statement strongly pointed out that 'Trafficking of Persons' was outside the purview of the specific terms of reference provided to the Justice Verma Commission in December 2012 and any recommendations relating to trafficking should not be included in the Ordinance:
The proposed Section 370 incorporated in the Ordinance cleared by the cabinet, conflates trafficking of persons and those who consent to sex work. At the heart of the problem is the newly worded Section 370 of the Verma Commission, which has been accepted in totality by the Ordinance. The Section deals with the offence of Trafficking of a Person. The term "exploitation" includes "prostitution" itself. This in essence means that all "prostitution" will now be interpreted as exploitation.
The Ordinance if accepted would criminalize people in sex work since the section does not differentiate between "coercive prostitution" and prostitution; nor does it talk about the "exploitation of prostitution".
The Verma Commission has wrongly interpreted the internationally recognized and existing explanation of exploitation (under the UN Protocol, 2000), which states "Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation". If the section is accepted, it would go against the commitment made by India which is a signatory to the Protocol and has ratified the UN Protocol in 2011.
The inclusion of voluntary and consenting sex workers into the definition of exploitation puts back the struggle waged by sex worker communities across India to ensure dignity for people engaged in sex work.
We are deeply concerned that this interpretation if accepted by the President of India will contradict the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India which has upheld the rights of women in sex work observing that Article 21 grants them a right to live with dignity.
If the section is accepted, it would go against the commitment made by India which is a signatory and has ratified the UN Protocol in 2011.
Feminism has for long seen prostitution as violence against women, and many feminists still do. However, a new understanding of the practice has emerged with the gradual politicization of people who engage in prostitution, and their voice becoming increasingly public. One of the key transformations that has come about because of this, is the emergence of the term sex work to replace 'prostitution'.
The understanding behind this is that we need to demystify 'sex' – it is only the mystification of sex by both patriarchal discourses and feminists that makes sex work appear to be 'a fate worse than death'. In fact, the preliminary findings of the first pan-India survey of sex-workers found that about 71 percent of them said they had entered the profession willingly. Hence the insistence of sex workers organizations on distinguishing between voluntary and coercive prostitution
And to to conclude, a useful document – a release from the Ministry of Home Affairs that tabulates the recommendations of the JVC Report that were accepted in part/in full/ or rejected.
|Section 354: Sexual Assault and Punishment for Sexual Assault –Entirely accepted
|Section 100: Right to Private Defence – Inclusion of an acid attack u/s 326A was accepted only and the rest proposed was already existing in the IPC
|Section 376A: Sexual by husband upon his wife during separation –Verma Committee wanted to delete it. Was retained by MHA as marital rape was not agreed to.
|Section 354 A: Assault or use of criminal force on woman with intent to disrobe her –Entirely Accepted
|Section 166A: Public Servant disobeying direction under law –Directions relating to crimes against women proposed to be made punishable upto only one year against the recommended five years as proposed by Justice Verma Committee. Rest accepted.
|Section 376B (1): Rape of an Underage Person –Not accepted as the provision is in conflict with the PCSOA, 2012
|Section 354 B: Voyeurism –Entirely accepted
|Section 326A: Voluntarily causing grievous hurt through use of acid etc. –Female circumcision proposed was not accepted. – Compensation adequate to meet at least the medical expenses incurred by the victim was not accepted. Rest was accepted
|Section 376 B (2) Punishment for causing death or a persistent vegetative state in the course of committing rape of an underage person –Death penalty was not recommended
|Section 354 C (1): Stalking –Entirely accepted
|Section 326B: Volutarily throwing or attempting to throw acid etc. –Compensation adequate to meet at least the medical expenses incurred by the victim was not accepted. Rest was accepted
|Section 376F: Offence of breach of Command Responsibility –Fixes vicarious criminal responsibility on the leader of a force for acts of subordinates. Not accepted.
|Section 354 C (2) Punishment for stalking –Definition entirely accepted
|Section 375 Rape –Gender Neutrality of the act was not recommended which was not accepted by MHA.The Bill criminalises the sexual activities between 16 and 18 years which the Verma Committee did not agree.Verma Committee criminalises marital non-consensual sexual intercourse which is not accepted.Rest of the recommendations were accepted.
|Section 370 Trafficking of a Person –Entirely accepted
|Section 376 (1) Punishment for Rape –Payment of compensation to the victim was dropped. Rest of the recommendation was accepted.
|Section 370 A Employing a Trafficked Person –Punishment entirely accepted
|Section 376 (2) Aggravated Rape –Payment of compensation to the victim was dropped. Rest of the recommendation was accepted.
|Section 376A (re-numbered as 376B) Sexual intercourse by a Person in Authority –Accepted in full
|Section 376 (3) Punishment for causing death or a persistent vegetative state in the course of committing rape –Death penalty was preferred by MHA. Rest of the recommendation were accepted.
|Section 376C Gangrape –Accepted entirely
|Section 376D Gangrape causing death or a persistent vegetative state shall be added:Death penalty was preferred by MHA. Rest of the recommendation were accepted.
|Section 376E Punishment for Repeat Offenders –Accepted entirely
|Section 509:Repeal accepted as offences covered elsewhere
|Section 54A: Proviso to Section 54A regarding identification of arrestee by a disabled person –Accepted entirely
|Proviso to Section 154 Registration of an Offence – Provision to record evidence by police officer at the residence of the person reporting the offence.Mandatory videographing was not agreed to and converted to optional.
|Section 39(1) Clause (vb) –Compel communication of information of offence relating to crimes against women to the nearest Magistrate –Not accepted as it is liable to be misused
|Section 160:No male below 18 and above 65 years and woman or physically disabled shall be required to attend a Police Station.
|Section 164 (5)(a) and (6)(b) Recording Statement by a Magistrate –Special assistance for mentally or physically disabled persons to be given by Magistrate.Statement of mentally or physically disabled person to be considered sufficient for examination-in-chief and cross examination.However mandatory videography not agreed to and changed to optional.
|Section 40A: Intimation by the Panchayat member the communication of information of offence relating to crimes against women to the nearest Magistrate –Not accepted as it is liable to be misused
|Section 198B: Cognisance of an offence u/s 376(1) when persons are in marital relationship
|Section 197(1) Sanction for Prosecution –No sanction would be required for prosecution of Judge or Magistrate or Public servant if accused of crimes against women.Not agreed to avoid false complaints
|Proviso to Section 273: Recording of evidence of a victim below 18 years –Victim will not be confronted by the accused. Accepted in full
|Section 357(4) Compensation to victim –Payment of compensation of an amount adequate to meet atleast the medical expenses incurred by the victim. This is not acceptable as the compensation would be very low. The Bill has a better provision.
|Section 327: Substitution of new offences defined for rape (376A, 376B, 376C, 376D) –Technical formality
|Section 53A: Evidence of character of previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases -Fully accepted
|Section 114A: Presumption as to the absence of consent in certain prosecution for sexual assault –Fully accepted
|Section 119: Dumb witness substituted by 'persons who are unable to communicate verbally –Fully accepted
|Proviso in Section 146: Question regarding the moral character will not be put to the victim during cross examination –Fully accepted
|Proviso to Section 6: No sanction would be required if the armed force personnel is accused of a crime against woman.
Dinesh Sinha permalinkFebruary 3, 2013 7:54 PM
The Verma Commission's recommendations have been dented and painted!
Apoorva Kaiwar permalinkFebruary 4, 2013 12:36 AM
Dear Nivedita,
Thanks for writing this.
I am responding to two specific points you have made, also quoting Rohini Hensman.
1. While the queer movement has made us rethink gender specificity when to comes to sexual assault, and we are glad it has done so, it is disturbing that the 'widening the definition of rape' needs to automatically mean that the perpetrator has to be gender neutral.
Gender, like class, is a contradiction. The economy, polity and society operate in a gendered manner. Women do not earn as much as men, as soon as any work that women engage in becomes a little better paid, women lose access to it and are relegated to jobs that pay less. Historically, women won franchise in only the 20th century. Political spaces are not freely available to women. Societies, whether traditional or modern, treat women as inferior and commodify women – both the wife and the whore.
Violence is also gendered. Or rather, we have to look at violence as gendered, as violence is both located in and is a product of our gendered society, polity and economy. Sexual violence is particularly that violence which has a sexual element to it. This does not mean that rape is only 'sex without consent', though, it is one of the many things that rape, or rather sexual assault is. Rape is not about sexual desire. Rape is about exercising patriarchal male power. And not necessarily only by means of the penis. This is why the perpetrator in sexual assault should remain gender specific, even if the definition is broadened to more than peno-vaginal penetration.
Of course, it is different in custodial or conflict situations, which is the reason a completely different way of looking at all violence in these situations, and therefore, a completely different law is necessary.
2. Marital rape has to be recognised as what it is – rape of women within marriage. If an act is defined as a crime, it gives room for the person affected by the crime to make such use of redress mechanisms as she deems fit. If we are to treat all violence within marriage as only grounds for divorce, then why criminalise any form of domestic violence?
And yes, if a young man forces his (equally) young wife into having sex, she bloody well will cry rape! And is fully justified in doing so. Why has no one taught that stupid boy about consent, or even wooing?!
Kavita Krishnan permalinkFebruary 4, 2013 12:59 AM
I wonder: are we assuming that a woman who accuses a husband of rape, will not want to divorce him? Why assume that a rape charge will be a substitute for divorce? If a woman has experienced rape in marriage, she may or may not want to pursue a criminal charge against the husband, and she may or may not want to divorce him. But surely, the choice must lie with her? Can the law deny her the option of filing a rape charge? I find this argument very troubling: "A young woman and man are married off, and the same night she comes crying and complaining that her husband raped her. Should he be jailed for what is, from his point of view, merely consummating their marriage?" Surely, if marital rape is recognised, it will help to bring in a realisation that violent consummation of a marriage is just not on? Why should we rationalise the idea that it is ok and understandable for men to continue to assume that they can 'expect' sex on demand, from a wife? And the assumption that every wife in an arranged marriage is raped on her first night is not, perhaps, true. Neither is it accurate to assume that every such bride will 'come crying rape.' If indeed she is raped, she must have every right to 'cry rape,' the law cannot on any pretext deny her this right. But the other point is that not every wife may avail of this legal right. If the wife complains of rape, the chances are she has abandoned hope of her marriage and may file for divorce anyway.
Also, domestic violence (violation of a restraint order) is punishable in the law, it is not just grounds for divorce. If a husband murders a wife, is it not a crime? Why should other forms of violence that do not quite end up in murder, be seen as somehow part of the rubric of marriage – if you got married, you made your bed, now lie in it?
Apoorva Kaiwar permalinkFebruary 4, 2013 9:23 PM
rana – How is saying "rape is about exercising patriarchal male power" a non-sequiter to gender specificity (your non-GN)? And how does the continued fetishising of the vagina as the 'privileged object of attack' even enter the debate when the argument is about the need to retain the gender specificity of the perpetrator? My point is only this – sexual assault and violence cannot be understood only in terms of sexual organs, but in terms of power, both possessed and exercisable. And yes, I am sorry about the poverty of your choice!
Rohini – Thanks for clarifying; your points seemed to be arguing for gender neutrality of the perpetrator across the board. Regarding marital rape, it is not only about non-consensual marriages, or sex within forced marriages. The fundamental principle is that of a woman's bodily integrity.
And on a different note, yes, it is time that we think of a campaign against forced marriages.
Nivedita – just one thing: "I think Rohini's instance about the woman complaining about rape on her first night of marriage could not be referring to sections of society who can think of "courtship" within or outside marriage, anyway." – then, are we saying that men belonging to these sections should be granted impunity, because they do not know better? And doesn't marital rape occur across all sections of society, and even in 'love marriages'?
rana permalinkFebruary 5, 2013 3:30 PM
Nivedita, please believe me that I am not trying to fight any personal battles here. I mentioned Apoorva by name and that might have given such an impression, but I could be talking about madhu mehra or vrinda grover or any other feminist with such a view on GN rape. But really, I didn't expect that after having provocatively raised this issue through Rohini's interventions, you would buckle under the party line with such a lame justification, just for the sake of 'feminist unity'. Please address my earlier questions on merits. It really isn't about specific people. I am asking you because I have always looked up to your opinions on such issues which have not been scared of sounding heretical (and not just contrarian like la kishwar)
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Grade 5
Supported by their growth in Grade 4, Fifth Grade students begin the year with a strong foundation. Many subjects explored are familiar but will now be approached from a new and more in-depth perspective. History and Geography become individual Main Lesson blocks, giving students the opportunity to devote even more time to their study.
The history and the mythology of people are studied so that students begin to see how myths rose from reality. The study of geography takes on not only the form of the land but now how the inhabitants have adapted their lives to their experience of it. Grade 5 is an important year of transition, preparing the child for the new challenges and experiences of Middle School.
|Main Lesson Subjects
|Art, Handwork & Special Projects
Curriculum Described
- History and Geography
- Science
- Language Arts
- Foreign Language
- Mathematics
- Practical Arts
- Fine Arts
- Movement
HISTORY and GEOGRAPHY
The students study the physical geography of North America, exploring Canada, Mexico, and the United States through lessons on the various regions, map studies, and consideration of cultural and economic factors. Each student keeps a geography journal and sends it to a pen pal in another part of the country, receiving a journal in return. The class is given an assignment to report on a state of each child's choosing. The report takes the shape of an entry in the geography journal sent from the chosen state. Interpreting and drawing maps forms a large part of this block.
Greek, Indian, Persian and Egyptian mythologies form the bases for the history studies in grade five. Greek myths form the backdrop for the study of language arts, and the class play is taken from a story from one of these cultures. The class hears the story of the Olympics, about the wars with Persia, and other stories. The class explores the contrasting cultures of Sparta and Athens. A typical assignment could include each child forming an opinion about the relative value of each culture and then writing a composition about their theories. This is part of the formation of critical thinking and theoretical writing that becomes more important as the students progress through the curriculum
The classroom offerings are supported with a trip to the Metropolitan Museum of Art or other museums that afford a first-hand look at sculptures and paintings as displayed on classical pottery or other artifacts. With notebooks in hand, the students sketch extensively and then develop these sketches into beautiful drawings in their notebooks back at school.
The class studies photosynthesis, a fairly complicated concept. They follow this with a detailed examination of several of the lower plants, from mushrooms to lichens, mosses, ferns, and algae. The classes are often able to make trips to our woods and sketch plants growing in their environment. The blossom and its parts are examined and drawn, and the various flower families are discussed. Other activities in the classroom include planting flower seeds in individual pots, bringing budding branches inside and noting their blooming, as well as observing how pinto beans sprout and shoot up in a short period of time. A wildflower walk with a local naturalist brings lovely discoveries in our woods. A trip to the New York Botanical Garden at the end of the year shows the students vegetation of the tropics and the desert, as well as allowing them to see the beauty of flowers and plants.
Students choose a tree for seasonal observation. Starting with bare branches or tight buds, the students are able to observe the unfolding of flowers and leaves in the spring, following the cycle of late summer, fall, and winter tree life.
Grammar/Paragraph Structure
Grammar study includes review of the parts of speech, and the concepts of subject and predicate are introduced. Students also learn about the active and passive voices of the verbs. Writing assignments continue, with themes chosen from various topics out of the main lessons. Each child has a spelling workbook, and they practice spelling weekly through a variety of word games. The challenging but worthwhile class reader, Padraic Colum's The Children's Homer, is often used. Several book reports are assigned throughout the year.
Spanish and German
Foreign language lessons begin with music and poetry. The students then engage in simple dialogue, or perform grammar exercises. The students conjugate verbs. They work with age-appropriate readers. The short chapters provide impetus for conversation, vocabulary building, and work with basic grammar concepts. There are ample opportunities to read aloud. Comprehension questions are answered orally and in written form. The introduction into the structure of the foreign language deepens. The students work with pronouns and verb conjugation in the present, past, and future tenses. The vocabulary centers on personal information, such as home life, school, time, and weather.
Practice of math facts continues through the year. The topic of decimal fractions is introduced, together with a review of the decimal system and the higher numbers. Decimals are added, subtracted, and multiplied in simple mental math problems. A natural sequel to decimals is metric measurement, with practice in measuring in meters, centimeters, and so on.
Special Event
The competition of several Waldorf school fifth-grade classes in the Greek pentathlon or Olympiad is a highlight of late spring. The students practice skills such as archery, long jump, discus throwing, and relay races throughout the year. The actual Olympiad event is hosted at one of our sister Waldorf schools, and all the classes converge wearing white tunics and eager to go home with a laurel crown. The spirit is one of fun, team spirit, respect for the traditions of the past, and camaraderie with peers from other schools. The group often includes students from Canadian Waldorf schools, so the event has an international flavor.
Woodworking with the fifth grade focuses on the development of skills needed for both current and future work in the wood shop. Projects are age appropriate, and focused on the craft and process more than the final artistic result. The first project of the year introduces the students to the workbench, clamping, measuring, and cutting to a line. The result is a hardwood flower press or similar project. For an experience with a material that contrasts with wood, they move on to making clay pinch pots, both sawdust fired and glazed. The second half of the year emphasizes the convex form of the egg, initially measured and marked, finished by feel. Students work with the gouge and are introduced to carving. The hollow form of the egg holder and the beautiful plaques that result are a bonus to the experience of proper tool handling. The final project of the year is a fishing pole. The materials for this project are harvested in the woods and carved smooth with the knife.
In the fifth grade, the curriculum calls for knitting socks. For the first time, four needles are used in the round. The constant changing from knit to purl stitches on the cuff of the sock, maintaining the same knitting direction throughout, and the complicated shaping of the heel and toe require careful listening to instructions and attentiveness. Greater thinking capacity is needed to accomplish the various steps while the hands are busy refining the skills of knitting. The pattern for the sock is developed by looking at the students' own feet and imagining how the necessary shaping might be accomplished. All the steps learned previously need to be repeated when knitting the second sock.
The Arts
Painting, poetry recitation, and recorder playing are undertaken throughout the year. A significant event of the year is the mounting of a play, typically drawn from the language-arts curriculum. Drama work continues to build class unity, uncover talents, and provide students with the opportunity to shine in unexpected ways they might not thought themselves capable.
Painting and drawing
The students continue to refine their skills and paint work with many of the subjects they are studying in main lessons – botanicals and subjects from Greece and Rome are often chosen. Free hand geometrical forms or "form drawing" continue through the year and refine students' sense of space, fine motor skills, ability to see repeating patterns and mirrored patterns.
Students in the fifth grade sing part music and rounds, and play the recorder, sometimes sight-reading the music. They also study music theory, review subjects learned previously, and are introduced to the concepts of "key" and the "circle of fifths." The children also have a chance to study sight singing, and to perform two movements of Handel's Messiah.
The fifth grade orchestra meets once a week for most of the year. They are able to prepare pieces for performance in assemblies and recitals, and learn about the complexities of playing in an orchestra.
In eurythmy, we try to express through movement what we experience in speech and music. The inner movement, lawfulness, wisdom, characteristics, and beauty of spoken language and music can be approached and appreciated through eurythmy. Many classical eurythmy forms are moved to spoken language and music. All of these forms require spatial and social awareness to be successful, and the children move joyfully, gracefully, and harmoniously as a group. The lessons also include: complicated concentration exercises, rhythm exercises with music in two voices, contraction and expansion, musical scales, moving in a weaving in-and-out pattern around the circle, and the major and minor qualities of music.
Physical Education
In fifth grade, each physical education class begins with a stretching warm-up. Sometimes the children play games such as dodge ball and capture the flag. At other times, they work to develop in sports such as kickball, volleyball, and basketball. Much of the work is focused on preparing for the five disciplines of the Greek Olympiad. Throughout the year, fair play and mutual support are cultivated.
Faculty Perspective: History and Art in Grade 5
Greek myths form the backdrop for the study of language arts, and the class play may be based on Homer's Iliad. The class learns about the contrasting cultures of Sparta and Athens, and each child explains his or her own judgment of the value of each culture in a written composition. The class learns of the Olympics, about the wars with Persia, and other stories. A memorable trip to the Metropolitan Museum of Art affords a first-hand look at sculptures and paintings as displayed on classical pottery, and participation in a Greek Pentathlon or Olympics is a highlight of the Spring.

subset: commoncrawl


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AEDs, medical services
ready to save lives at Airport
If you experience cardiac arrest at Hartsfield-Jackson, your chances
of survival are great, thanks to more than 200 automated external
defibrillators (AEDs) throughout the Airport.
Hartsfield-Jackson averages up to 10,000 medical emergency calls in a year, said Jimmy Gittens, Hartsfield-Jackson's EMS chief, who has more than 17 years of experience as an emergency medical services professional.
Within just a month, Gittens recalled, two lives were saved because of easily accessible defibrillators and the Airport's expert medical teams. On May 28, a 59-year-old man was revived after two shocks with the AED restored his pulse, Gittens said. On June 27, a bystander performed CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) on someone who became unconscious before being treated by EMS personnel.
Those are just two of the many cases in which people have experienced cardiac arrest or other life-threatening conditions and have been saved at Hartsfield-Jackson.
Hartsfield-Jackson has five fire and emergency stations throughout its property and three ambulances. The EMS staff have radios that enable them to respond to all emergency calls, and there is a mobile medic response team, known as the "bike team."
The EMS professionals are also firefighters, and they all receive ongoing training and education, Gittens said. All paramedics go through advanced life support training every two years.
"The work we do is more of a calling," Gittens said. "You really can't express it in words, because words would be too cheap. It's a very rewarding job. The impact we have on people's lives is astronomical."
Hartsfield-Jackson's Landside Operations unit, which works around the clock, also plays a part in medical emergencies.
"We confirm emergency medical services are dispatched, assist with crowd management at the scene and restore the area to normal operations as soon as the Fire Department has treated the patient," said Chris Warner, Aviation Landside Operations manager. "If an AED is used, we make sure a new one is placed in the cabinet. Operations normally only responds to heart attacks, escalator falls and any emergency that would affect the normal operations of the Airport."
All Airport Landside Operations staff members are CPR-certified and trained to use the AEDs. Warner said all Customer Service employees also are being trained.
Gittens said that quick access to the defibrillators is a critical component in saving a life.
"The key is having people recognize when someone is going down,"
he said. "It's important to get to the person within those
first few minutes. Once you get a flat line, there's no chance
— or a rare chance — of bringing them back."
Operating a defibrillator:
© 2009 Hartsfield-Jackson News. A Publication from Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. All rights reserved.


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UI Hospitals and Clinics
You are here:
This is a DVD of twenty-three 3-minute wellness video segments designed for viewer engagement. In each segment, a nurse leader guides healthcare staff through brief (3-minute) aerobic, stretching, or relaxation exercises, inviting viewer participation. Segments can be completed in any setting.
Target audience: Healthcare providers or anyone wanting to integrate brief health and wellness moments into their day. Use them at the beginning of a staff meeting, for a quick break in your office, etc.
Click here to view a sample segment.
Contact Information:
Kristen Rempel, Administrative Services email@example.com: (319) 384-6737Fax: (319) 356-4348
Add to shopping cart:"WellMe in 3 DVD"Price: $25.00


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Microsoft Sharpens Antitrust Attack Against Google
Microsoft has become consumed by drama of late, as co-founder Paul Allen is soon to release a memoir in which he promises to open a closet full of bitterness towards his former pal and business colleague Bill Gates. (Here's a Vanity Fair excerpt of the Allen tome and a page one story from WSJ story about the fractured relationship.)
As much as we love it when tech billionaires take off the gloves, we turn to the more sober topic of Microsoft's role as an antitrust aggressor, a far cry from the days when the company was the one picked on by competition police.
Microsoft today filed a formal complaint with European antitrust authorities that targets Google's dominance of the Internet search market. (Here's a report from Bloomberg and here's a New York Times piece about Microsoft's antitrust campaign against Google.)
Brad Smith, Microsoft's general counsel (pictured), explains the reasons why the company filed the complaint in this blog post, which cites a half-dozen instances of alleged anticompetitive behavior, including Google's alleged efforts to block access to content owned by book publishers.
"Google has done much to advance its laudable mission to 'organize the world's information,'" Smith writes, "but we're concerned by a broadening pattern of conduct aimed at stopping anyone else from creating a competitive alternative."
Google has denied wrongdoing, and Bloomberg quoted a spokesman saying that the company is cooperating with European regulators and is "happy to explain to anyone how our business works."
Michael Cusumano, a professor at MIT, told the Times that Microsoft's new role as an antitrust heavy reflects how fortunes can change quickly in the tech world. "The company that was the 800-pound gorilla is now resorting to antitrust, where it is always the case that the also-rans sue the winners," he said.


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Tool's Danny Carey Recruited by Primus to Drum on Select Dates for Upcoming U.S. Tour
Danny Carey has just been confirmed to play drums for Primus during a handful of September U.S. tour dates.
Danny Carey has just been confirmed to play drums for Primus during a handful of September U.S. tour dates.
Congrats are in order for Tool / A Perfect Circle / Puscifer frontman Maynard James Keenan, who just became a father again.
Adam Jones has spoken about a lawsuit Tool are currently dealing with, adding, "It's time that they [fans] understand what's going on."
Adam Jones makes a habit of recording new riffs right after he's come up with them, and in this new video, Jones shares a short piece of his creative mind.
There are 50th birthday celebrations and then there's what Maynard James Keenan did this past weekend at the Greek Theatre in Los Angeles. The two-night residency at the famed outdoor theater will no doubt go down as a great tour de force of rock and metal music.
Believe it or not, Maynard James Keenan is celebrating his 50th birthday today (April 17)! The frontman of Tool, A Perfect Circle and Puscifer hasn't lost a step since Tool formed in 1990, and he has gone on to prove himself as one of music's most talented and dynamic vocalists.
Yes, Tool fans have been waiting for some time, but it looks as though progress is being made toward a new album. In a new posting on the band's website, it's stated that the group will continue working on new material after having recently completed another mini-tour.
The music world suffered a big loss on Sunday (March 23) with the death of GWAR frontman Dave 'Oderus Urungus' Brockie. The tributes continue to roll in, with Philip Anselmo, Tool and more findings special ways to pay their respects.
Every hardcore Tool fan (and there are a LOT of them) has wondered what the inside of singer Maynard James Keenan's home looks like. You may imagine Maynard dwelling in some sort of psychedelic kaleidoscope or even one of the worlds created for a Tool music video, and you wouldn't be entirely incorrect. Luckily, if you've got $2.795 million burning a hole in your pocket, you can buy Maynard's home in the Hollywood Hills.
Update: Tool guitarist Adam Jones has publicly claimed that his comment about the band's new record being done was simply a joke:
It's been almost eight full years since Tool gifted fans with '10,000 Days' back in 2006, and ever since, followers of the massively successful band have been praying for a new record. There have been tons of small updates on the progress of Tool's fifth full-length album in the past couple of years, but in a new report, a reliable source has written that Tool may be "100 percent done" with the record.


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FEB 15, 2014 - GamePro
A Must Read - Share
User data was stolen, though credit card information remained intact, Kickstarter said.(pcworld.com)To read this article in full or to leave a comment, please click here
Editor's Picks
Hey you have no friends!!! Get to work and start inviting friends to help build your Comunitee. Click Here to invite friends.
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The House of Mirth
by Edith Wharton
The House of Mirth Theme of Freedom and Confinement
Time and time again in House of Mirth, society is presented as a "gilded cage." In New York at the tail end of the Victorian era, the members of the social elite find themselves confined by their own self-imposed rules. Women must marry for money, men must bring home the bacon, single girls aren't allowed to get too close to married men, women who expect to marry shouldn't be smoking or playing cards for money, etc., etc. The novel explores the notion of social determinism – its characters are born into specific social roles, expected to play their parts, and unsuited to any other sort of life. A socialite wife of a rich man is incapable of being a mechanic the same way a fish is incapable of living on dry land. This sort of Darwinian restriction is just another form of overwhelming confinement.
Questions About Freedom and Confinement
- How do Lily and Selden's respective definitions of success correlate with the lives they each seem to be choosing?
- Lily claims that Selden remembers the way out of the gilded cage, yet Wharton describes him as being tied down by the same deterministic manacles as the other characters. How free is Selden, really?
- Which character suffers the most at the hands of social "manacles" in House of Mirth? Which character suffers the least?
- Are Lily and Selden the only characters so acutely aware of their duties and distresses in the social sphere? Do characters like Judy Trenor and Bertha Dorset have similar concerns, or are they blissfully happy in their societal roles?
Chew on This
Social manacles can not be broken in House of Mirth.
House of Mirth argues that deterministic social manacles can in fact be broken.


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Definition of battle royal in English:
battle royal
A fiercely contested fight or dispute: there promises to be a battle royal between the two companies
More example sentences
- The wisdom of those remarks is demonstrated by the revelation that these parties have spent £50,000 on this litigation so far and they still have a battle royal to fight over damages for misrepresentation.
- And so, given the budget deficits ahead, the battle royal will be fought over what remains of federal social spending.
- Del Toro brings a solid visual eye to the project, but his fight scenes are overlong and too close to a WWF battle royal than superhuman opponents squaring off.
Definition of battle royal in:
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JUN 24, 2014 - TechRadar
A Must Read - Share
Downloading a web browser used to be an easy decision. First, Internet Explorer defeated Netscape. Then Firefox proved a better choice than Internet Explorer. Google Chrome offered a third option - faster, neater, with a more minimalist approach. Now, the browser you use often comes down to personal preference or to the operating system that runs on your computer.The latest versions of Internet Explorer, Firefox and Google Chrome are all fast. But Firefox and Chrome enjoy greater expandability, capable of installing add-ons and extensions respectively. These two browsers also leave Internet
Read More
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- Game Details
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Digital Download Developer NinjaBee Predicts The Death Of GameStop At GDC
GameStop is on its way out, according to NinjaBee art director Brent Fox. All retail establishments whose primary sales are driven by boxed video games are on their way out, actually. "I think GameStop is not going to be around shortly," said Fox during a presentation at the Game Developers Conference discussing NinjaBee's biggest...
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Our signature event is called A Western Affair – an annual gala that our supporters have come to know and love. The event attracts 300-400 guests and typically as soon as it's over, people are asking when and where the next one will be. Demographically, our guests are in the agriculture industry including ranchers, farmers, Western and equestrian enthusiasts, government offi cials, corporate leaders, the environmentally concerned, and the general public. All of our guests love our beautiful California landscapes and vistas and want to protect them for future generations. This year the event will be held at the Wood Ranch in Orland, California on April 30, 2016. Come enjoy a ranch style rodeo, gourmet BBQ, live and silent auctions, awards presentation, dancing, and live music by Chad Bushnell.
Saturday May 21, 2016.
Gather: (n) a round- up of friends whose collective passion, ideas and commitment are making a legendary difference in land conservation.
The El Peco Ranch in Madera, California has a long and vibrant history. Five generations of the Pope family farmed and ran livestock on the ranch since 1868. In the 1950's, 1960's, and 1970's, Patsy and George Pope built a thoroughbred racing empire that produced 27 stakes winners. Under the El Peco colors, Decidedly won the 1962 Kentucky Derby. Other winners include Hill Rise who won the 1964 Santa Anita Stakes and J. O. Tobin who defeated Seattle Slew in the Swaps Stakes at Hollywood Park in 1977. While a large portion of the ranch sold in 1990, orchards of almonds, prunes, and pomegranates thrive on the remaining section. Join us on a tour of the ranch and main house, designed by notable architect William Wurster, the afternoon of May 21. Conclude the evening with dinner, a live and silent auction, and dancing.


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A Quote by Price Pritchett, Ph.D. on decisions, dignity, ethics, excellence, pride, respect, self-respect, and vanity
Live according to the ethics of excellence, and you can always stand proud. Pride - not vanity, but dignity and self-respect - should carry a lot of weight in helping you make decisions. Let pride help you decide.
Source: The Ethics of Excellence
Contributed by: Zaady


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- Report: #1035783
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: The Power Company
The Power CompanyInternet United States of America
The Power Company The Power Company is a Scam, Internet
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Sorry these people are worse than animals. Please read THE POWER COMPANY'S REBUTTAL as they try and state that Brewer isn't really associated with their firm. Bull Sh*t! The following is the press release that THE POWER COMPANY released a few months ago. Anything information coming from THE POWER COMPANY IS BULL SH*T!
The Power Company, a leading professional energy consulting firm for businesses and municipalities, has formed a relationship with Capital Window Corporation, the leader in end-to-end investment packaging and business services, to advance the companys marketability and define investment opportunities for national expansion in the growing deregulated energy marketplace.
The Power Company currently delivers commercial energy management services across the nation and specializes in deregulated energy consulting in 12 states including Texas, New York, Ohio and Illinois. The company advises a multitude of corporations, in addition to residential energy users, on how to take advantage of the deregulated supply of energy and significantly lower electricity costs and consumption at no cost to the consumer and without any disruption to their service.
The Power Company and its partners have serviced more than 2.5 million customers to date and approximately $500 million in commercial energy billings in the last 5 years.The growing demand from organizations to understand all of their options, including locking in energy rates to reduce costs and eliminate future price increases, has led to enormous market expansion for our company, said Steve Brewer, managing director of The Power Company.
Capital Windows advisors are preparing us to reach new markets and serve more clients who seek energy management expertise in choosing the best energy service plan for the best price.Capital Window advises entrepreneurs and business leaders utilizing a comprehensive four step program to ultimately maximize investor value. The program is all-inclusive of business analysis, strategic planning, branding and investment packaging in preparation for a capital raising event.
Capital Window is prepping The Power Company to be investment-ready in order to take in expansion capital and quickly grow their services and market share, said Thomas Carter, CEO of Capital Window Corporation. As more states embrace energy deregulation, The Power Companys unique services will allow organizations of every size and industry to lock in multi-year energy rates and improve their bottom-line.
In 1992, the United States Congress passed the National Energy Policy Act which allows energy consumers to choose their energy supplier, while the transmission and distribution are still regulated and the responsibility of the local utility company. Prior to deregulation, utility companies were able to monopolize supply, transmission and distribution.There is a lack of market awareness that businesses have the option to choose their supplier of energy. The Power Company is changing that situation, said Brewer.
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 03/18/2013 01:32 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/The-Power-Company/internet/The-Power-Company-The-Power-Company-is-a-Scam-Internet-1035783. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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When deciding to commit to telematics, there are some key features to be considered. Most importantly, make sure the vendor provides a dashboard with the ability to easily access the data. Advanced features offered by some telematics device vendors include:
There are a number of telematics devices available. For hints on how to get started, visit our vendor service provider page.


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Did not compete in Cross Country.
Finished fourth at the Seawolves Invitational (20:23.14)... took 34th at the America East Championship (27:04.8)... America East Fall Honor Roll.
Crossed 48th at the Boston College Invitational (26:56)... America East Fall Honor Roll.
Took 15th at the Stony Brook Invitational (16:03.79)... finished 18th at the Boston College Invite (26:19)... ran at the Murray Keatinge Invite... took 29th at the Leopard Invitational (26:42)... finished 21st at the America East Championships (25:41.50).
High School:
Competed in the 1,500-meter, 800-meter and 3,000-meter at Wycliffe College.
Iain Millar Whitfield... born October 2, 1987... son of Janet and Alan Whitfield... brother of Marlon... majoring in political science and business.


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Swimming with dolphins may soon be banned in Hawaii
August 26, 2016, 3:44 p.m. by Michael d'Estries
Federal officials say the popular tourist attraction disturbs the species' natural behavior in the wild.
Earth gets a surge of new ocean sanctuaries
August 26, 2016, 12:24 p.m. by Russell McLendon
New marine reserves are making a big splash around the planet — and not a moment too soon.
Sea urchins have the weirdest way of being born
August 23, 2016, 12:06 p.m. by Jaymi Heimbuch
These tidal zone creatures grow an alien-like adult body within a space-ship-like adolescent body — then they hit the 'eject' button.
8 close calls with whales
August 22, 2016, 11:36 a.m. by Jaymi Heimbuch
In our effort to connect with whales and watch their activity, we often get way too close.
Coral reefs need fish urine to thrive
August 17, 2016, 12:41 p.m. by Mary Jo DiLonardo
More fishing means less fish urine, and that's a bad thing.
This is by far the world's most adorable squid
August 15, 2016, 9:57 p.m. by Michael d'Estries
While studying the ocean depths off the coast of California, the E/V Nautilus came across this googly-eyed stubby squid.
15 ocean creatures that live in total darkness
August 10, 2016, 12:42 p.m. by Angela Nelson
These monster-like creatures have adapted to life thousands of feet below the surface by taking on some cool — and frightening — physical traits.
Proposed deep-sea mining region discovered to be rich in new life
July 31, 2016, 9:52 p.m. by Michael d'Estries
Clarion-Clipperton Zone, an undersea region roughly the size of the U.S., contains diverse communities of megafauna.
The ancestor of all known life was a microbe that ate hydrogen from deep-sea volcanoes
July 28, 2016, 6:05 a.m. by Russell McLendon
A new study paints a detailed portrait of Earth's last universal common ancestor, known as 'LUCA.'
Aging Danish lighthouse transformed into plus-sized kaleidoscope
July 27, 2016, 4:15 p.m. by Matt Hickman
The short-lived installation is a stunning send-off for a structure that will soon be swallowed by the sea.
This beautiful deep sea purple orb has scientists baffled
July 26, 2016, 8:31 p.m. by Michael d'Estries
While studying the ocean floor off California's Channel Islands, researchers found this mysterious species.
Tides cause earthquakes along the San Andreas fault
July 19, 2016, 4:09 p.m. by Michael d'Estries
Rhythmic pulsing of the tides induces small, deep quakes on a daily basis, scientists discover.


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The ridiculous splintering of Internet Explorer
Today, Microsoft has got around to releasing Internet Explorer 10 for Windows 7, finally bringing the browser it released in October on Windows 8 to its most popular OS.
Just so as we're clear which browsers work with which operating systems, I've produced this handy chart.
Yes, every other major browser manages to support every Microsoft OS still in common currency, except Microsoft's own browser. It may be the case that certain features aren't supported on older OSes, but the others can all be installed from the same binary and they all look roughly the same.
This browser splintering may not matter too much to consumers: Windows Update will make sure they're up to date with the latest available browser for their operating system, and there aren't too many websites where performance will be dramatically hampered by not having the latest version of Internet Explorer. Even if it is, they can easily jump ship to one of the rivals.
However, for the poor sysadmins of the world, who manage multiple different versions of Windows within their organisation, this is becoming one of those irritating headaches. Now it's no longer possible to have all your Windows PCs running the same version of IE, unless you effectively downgrade your Windows 7 and 8 users to Internet Explorer 8 (using a convoluted virtual machine workaround in Windows 8). That, however, compromises security: there are many exploits that only work on older versions of Internet Explorer, such as the recent Java exploit.
So now IT managers have the choice of running an out-of-date, more vulnerable browser across the entire business, or accepting different browsers on different machines, and making sure any business-critical browser-based apps work smoothly across all of them.
Or they could run one of the alternatives - although the rapid, six-week refresh cycle of Chrome and Firefox could cause as many validation headaches as the splintering of Internet Explorer.
A phrase involving large stones and hard places springs to mind...


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ReMix: Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls "Earthrise"
Help us take OCR to the next level by supporting us on
6,076,422 bytes, 3:40, 218kbps
- Game: Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls (Nintendo, 2004, GBA)
- ReMixer(s): Brandon Strader
- Composer(s): Nobuo Uematsu, Tsuyoshi Sekito
- Song(s): "Final Fantasy I: Church", "Main Theme"
- Posted: 2013-01-14, evaluated by the judges
- Album: Featured on Final Fantasy: Random Encounter
- Terms (BETA): acoustic-guitar mellow organ piano tempo-slow timesig-3-4 waltz
Let Brandon Strader serenade you with this mellow blues/folk waltz ballad from Random Encounter; he writes:
"I started with Church, discovered that the first part of Main Theme used the same key progression (C Major, G Major, D Minor, A Minor) so I threw on Main Theme for the ending. This song is named and the intro is in tribute to the band Camel.
- 0:00 - 0:36 = Organ fade-in intro, the source melody begins to play with max reverb then fades in volume until the reverb lowers to a normal amount and the volume is normalized
- 0:36 - 1:33 = Main melody / key progression from the source plays twice, second time with accompanying Mellotron Choir (much love for the Mellotrons)
- 1:34 - 2:09 = The second part of the Church source, I had some trouble picking out the chords here, but you can hear the source prominently played on the piano. Much love for the Mellotron strings. <3
- 2:10 - END = Song finishes off with the lead melody and chord progression from MAIN THEME, and ends with solo piano/bass of Main Theme, with a tiny nod towards Dream Theater in the final couple notes.
There's no "blistering solo section", but I really love this kind of laid back bluesy vibe, and it's not meant to jump out and stab you in the face with its movements. I think it's very lovely, the middle section is a bit dark due to the chord changes but I've always liked the darker parts, especially in ballads, to stir that type of emotion in people."
I dig the simplicity & humility here; not overly eager to impress, not trying to razzle-dazzle anyone, just a comfortable, swaying groove, almost like some of the slower Cowboy Bebop tracks or the Paris, Texas (brilliant film) score. OA concurs:
"Pretty nice stuff in a style we don't hear often on OCR. It's a solid take on the sources, and ties them together pretty well. Nice laid back solo, and overall this has a nice live feel to it. One of my favorite tracks you've done."
halc was a little more reserved but came to the same conclusion:
"some evolution in the static choir and string sounds would have given this more life, but they sit nicely under the array of real instrumentation. I was digging the performances and the timing, while noticeable at points, wasn't as problematic as in some of your other subs and lends itself to the style. didn't get too crazy with the arrangement, but the adaptation and execution was strong, imo. nice job."
Seems like a good mix to drink whiskey or scotch to, assuming you're of legal age and temperamental persuasion. A live vocal or violin or pedal steel could have made this a downright stellar country-western tune, but sans such an element it remains an inviting, warm, & pleasant mix that gave the album some variety with a much softer side.
on 2015-12-28 12:34:22
on 2013-01-22 01:29:14
on 2013-01-20 13:01:37
on 2013-01-15 10:17:40
on 2013-01-14 21:48:26
on 2013-01-14 16:09:26


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A recent survey indicates that more than 100 different books on prenatal care and the care of the baby were published during the last five years. The contribution by Dr. Meaker is simple, reliable and conservative, and may be heartily recommended for the purpose for which it was prepared.
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by Dante Alighieri
Purgatorio Theme of Time: Haste, Change
In Purgatory, everyone rushes about. Dante is warned by his teachers to hurry. The penitent souls rush towards the top of the mountain in their keenness for the gates of Heaven. This awareness and worry over time contrasts sharply with the never-ending tediousness of Hell found in Dante's Inferno.
Like the human world, Purgatory operates on a normal time scale. This means that things change here, which – if you think about it – is the whole point of Purgatory. Men repent for their sins on earth. They work to improve themselves and make themselves morally better in God's eyes. The passage of time allows these changes to happen.
Questions About Time: Haste, Change
- How does time operate differently in Purgatorio than in Inferno?
- Why is everyone in Purgatory in such a hurry?
- What does it mean that one cannot travel during the night? What, then, might the sun represent?
Chew on This
The concept of time in each of the three realms (Hell, Purgatory, Heaven) dictates whether or not an individual can change his character in that place. While one cannot change in Hell, where damnation is eternal, he can change in Purgatory, where time runs as it does in the mortal world.


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#MIXTAPE088 – Cheers, Queers! by Beerded Ladies
This mixtape was compiled by Meredith Heil of Beerded Ladies, a female-run craft beer blog that features things like beer tourism, unlikely beer pairings and behind-the-bar opinion pieces.
"I'm a craft beer writer, a music lover and longtime friend of Homoground. What better way to combine my interests than make a beer-themed mixtape?? I see a lot of similarities between queer music and craft beer. Both were founded on DIY ethics, creativity and innovation. Both celebrate difference, standing out from the mainstream. And, most importantly, both are invested in sticking it to the man. While not all of these artists are queer, all of these songs rule and will provide the perfect backdrop for summer drinking, trying new beers and having a good old time." – Meredith Heil
Check out the Beerded Ladies website www.beerdedladies.com and Meredith's series on Autostraddle.
1. Your Heart Breaks: Warm In Winter
2. Silver Jews: Punks in the Beerlight
3. Lucinda Williams: Drunken Angel
4. Toby Foster: Reckless
5. Madeline: Dollar Beer
6. Tegan & Sara: I Hear Noises
7. Indigo Girls: Cold Beer and Remote Control
8. The Replacements: Beer for Breakfast
9. The Gits: Drinking Song


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Internationally Recognised Handicap Certificate
Get a new certificate in less than 5 minutes
Accepted by the Matchplay Championship
Option 1 : Enter three cards and the software will automatically calculate your handicap
Option 2 : Enter your current handicap as a starting point
A handicap is a numerical measure of an amateur golfer's playing ability based on the tees played on a given course. It is used to calculate a net score from the number of strokes actually played, thus allowing players of different proficiency to play against each other.
The frequency by which a player will play to their handicap is a function of that golfer's handicap, as low handicappers are statistically more consistent than higher handicappers. So in a large, handicapped competition, the golfer who shoots the best with respect to his abilities and the normal variations of the score should win.
©2013 Strokes Golf Handicap - Site design by The JRW Group
Golf Care | GreenFree 2 for 1 Golf | The Golfers Club


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Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Brookstone at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.
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Deborah Turbeville
The Fashion Pictures
Every once in a while we get a book of which we know it is not going to be a bestseller. Deborah Turbeville's The Fashion Pictures is such a book. We know you are not going to buy it either, but in fact we think you should. Turbeville (1938, Boston) used to be a fashion editor before she turned to photography. Her pictures are celebrated for their poetic grace and cinematic vision. Also she has been described as the anti-Helmut Newton. Where Newton's pictures are vital and sexual, Turbeville's are immobile, surreal and misty. In the book you will find a controversial series she did for Voque alongside campaigns for labels like Yamamoto and Valentino as well as commissions for Chanel. This is what we think: her photos are deceiving to say the least. Coming from 2012 we are looking at photos taken in the 1970s portraying scenery's from the 1890s. That is three time-windows in one picture. Now try to get your brain around that. And we mean that; you should try, because you will enjoy it.
€ 65.00
304 pages
Hardcover with jacket
October 2011
225×295×35 mm
1850 grams
The intellectual property rights to the images of the books belong to their respective authors or publishers. These images are used by MENDO with the sole purpose of promoting the books.


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401 Coolart Road Somerville Vic 3912
Contact AgentNeed a home loan? Just crunching the numbers for you...
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John Rault
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401 Coolart Road Somerville
Contemporary Home with a Ridiculous Shed!!
A stunning light filled contemporary home offering three bedrooms including a master with walk through robe and a full (spa) ensuite adjacent to a study/nursery. The home also boasts a huge open plan living area, gourmet kitchen with stone bench tops & glass splash backs, soft closing draws and induction cooking. The home theatre room has direct access via double doors to a private court yard area and is complete with surround speakers. The extensive decking wraps around the home and overlooks the beautifully landscaped gardens. Undoubtedly the major feature of this property is the abundance of shedding which comes complete with 3 phase power, 4m high entrance, mezzanine floor and a total floor space of approximately 405 m2. Add to this a separate four room office area and you have the ideal work from home scenario (stca). Whether you are a mechanic, plumber, cabinet maker, personal trainer or just need to store your cars, boats, caravans etc you cant go past this luxury home. Other features within the home are polished floorboards, split system air conditioning, down lights, full wet bar and a plethora of skylights together with a 3 car remote garage all set on a lush one acre...
Property No. 115738851
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- General Features
- Property Type:Acreage/Semi-Rural
- Bedrooms:3
- Bathrooms:2
- Land Size:0.40ha (1.00 acre) (approx)
- Indoor Features
- Ensuite:1
- Indoor Spa
- Study
- Workshop
- Floorboards
- Built-in Wardrobes
- Dishwasher
- Air Conditioning
- Outdoor Features
- Remote Garage
- Garage Spaces:20
- Deck
- Courtyard
- Shed
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Thinking of living in somerville?
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FAIRFIELD, Ohio — Shopper marketing helps transform the shopping trip from a mundane task to fun and engaging experience. Few other retailers know this better than Jungle Jim's International Market, which markets itself as "more than a grocery store; it's a destination." The chain has even extended his strategy into its beer and wine department. In an interview with Supermarket News (above), Todd Wiggs, Jungle Jim's beer and wine ...
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CCM specializes in International Oil and Gas Recruitment (permanent and large volume contractual project delivery), Head Hunting. Global visa and travel support services
Our dedicated processing team is highly skilled in dealing with global immigration, visas and work permits. We possess considerable expertise and knowledge in immigration and mobilisation to overseas locations.


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Fred Anderson Family Plan Raleigh NC
When you purchase a new Toyota or Scion from Fred Anderson Toyota, your new vehicle will come with a complimentary lifetime limited non-factory engine warranty, good at participating dealers. It will also include lifetime oil changes, loaner cars, car washes, and special loyalty discounts. In short, Fred Anderson Toyota offers great prices, and has a special plan that will help you reduce the cost of your new Toyota or Scion.
What vehicles are covered by the Family Plan?
Every new Toyota and Scion purchased or leased at Fred Anderson Toyota gets the full Family Plan coverage you see above. Used Toyota vehicles with under 50,000 miles are also covered by the full Family Plan. For used Toyota vehicles between 50,000 and 100,000 miles, everything but the engine warranty is included.
Does the family plan end at any pre-determined date?
The Family Plan has no pre-determined end date. If you purchase a new or pre-owned Toyota from us there is no expiration date.
How does oil changes for life work?
Oil changes for life includes the oil, oil filter, and the labor. The only requirement is that you perform your factory recommended services (in your owner's manual) at Fred Anderson Toyota.
When and how do you receive a loaner car?
You can get a loaner car at any time for any maintenance or repair over $300.00.
How will we wash your car for life?
Here at Fred Anderson we just made a substantial investment in a state of the art car wash. This system will wash the exterior of your vehicle just like a pay car wash.
How does our $500.00 loyalty discount work?
When your vehicle reaches 50,000 miles you will receive a discount card that gives you up to 15% off individual future services.
If I'm out of town and get my vehicle serviced do I void the family plan?
To maintain the Family Plan we require that you service your vehicle at Fred Anderson Toyota, However if a special circumstance arises and you are over 250 miles from the dealership we will not void the Family plan. We will need documentation to maintain the engine guarantee when you return for your next service.
Do I have to do all my repairs at Fred Anderson Toyota?
Toyota repair work can be completed at other ASE Certified Technician repair shops excluding services for ToyotaCare, Family Plan and Toyota warranty work. However Fred Anderson has competitive and sometimes lower repair, Tire, and maintenance prices (Brakes, Filters, Alignments) than non-Toyota repair facilities. We also only use factory parts and have certified Toyota Technicians repairing your vehicle.
If I go over the mileage on my maintenance will I void the Family Plan?
Excess wear on a vehicle can occur when maintenance is not performed at the recommended interval. We do require that you do your services within a 1,000 miles of the factory recommended interval.
*Only valid on new Toyota vehicles and pre-owned Toyota with less than 50,000 miles. Free rental car and free car washes with select new or used vehicle purchase. All Toyota factory-recommended regularly scheduled maintenance must be performed at Fred Anderson Toyota. All discounts through Fred Anderson Toyota. Good at participating dealers. College grad and military rebates not included. See dealer for details.
*The Fred Anderson Family Plan is only valid on new Toyota vehicles and pre-owned Toyota vehicles with less than 50,000 miles. The Family Plan provides additional coverage after ToyotaCare expires. ToyotaCare no cost maintenance covers 2 years or 25K miles whichever comes first. See Toyota dealer for details and exclusions. Valid only in the continental U.S. and Alaska. Maintenance beyond 2 years/25K miles is provided by the dealership. The services include all regularly scheduled maintenance items at the scheduled maintenance intervals as outlined in your owner's manual. The regularly scheduled maintenance must be performed at Fred Anderson Toyota. All discounts through Fred Anderson Toyota. Family Plan benefits are non-transferable. Factory recommended oil changes totaling $519.92, car washes every 5k miles totaling $159, rental vehicles during regularly scheduled maintenance totaling $79.90, limited powertrain warranty totaling $2150, and $500 loyalty discounts equals $3,408.82 advantage. College grad and military rebates not included. See dealer for details.


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Simon Pegg and Nick Frost are two of the most coolest comedy actors in the field. This dynamic duo gets reunited in the upcoming sci-fi comedy, 'The World's End'.
Here's what the official plot says about this film -: Five friends who reunite in an attempt to top their epic pub crawl from 20 years earlier unwittingly become humankind's only hope for survival.
Real-life geek Simon Pegg is one of my personal favorite actors who nailed it in all of his movies including Shaun of the Dead, Hot Fuzz, and Paul. Man, I must have seen those movies like hundred times. And let me remind you that the director of 'The World's End', Edgar Wright is the same man who brought us Shaun of the Dead and Hot Fuzz. So, I'm expecting to add this film to my all time favorites list as soon as I see it.
Expect to see this movie in the UK on July 19th and in North America on August 23rd.
(Via: ComingSoon.net)


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In Friday's trading session, foreign institutional investors substantially short index futures, leading to talk that whether the fund flow that fired the market rally since the beginning of the calendar year, is fizzling out. However, we believe that these short positions are merely hedged against cash-based buying that has happened in the above period.
As the market consolidates at higher levels, we are seeing a lot of stock-based activity, especially in mid caps, mainly by left-out traders. This is clearly visible in how options volumes have declined slightly.


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Samsung's brilliant Super AMOLED displays are on their way to becoming more broadly available for rival manufacturers to use, with the company announcing they are planning a 5.5 generation plant scheduled to open in July 2011. The new facility will boost Samsung's potential output to a healthy 70,000 13 x 15 cm sheets per month, which works out to roughly 30 million 3-inch mobile device displays.
In actual fact, Samsung are aiming for the far more useful 4-inch size panels such as found on the Galaxy S, though there's also talk of the other extreme - HDTV-scale displays - measuring in at the 42-inch mark. The company's Super AMOLED technology boasts improved outdoor visibility together with reduced power consumption and crisper graphics than regular AMOLED, but so far such displays have been limited to Samsung's own product lines thanks to limited manufacturing capacity.
[via OLED-Display]


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Arsenal Message Board
Utd Game Summary
Looking at some of the most recent posts, makes me wonder if some people have forgotten what they said in the past.
1. Guard reception was well done.
2. RVP reception wasn't.
3. Great Walcott goal.
4. RVP got frustrated, hence sliding tackle on Mertesacker.
5. RVP didn't even touch him. heh
6. Sagna had an awful game. Penalty call was spot on.
7. A draw was fair.
8. Fergie moaning about 'physical' side of Arsenal game hilarious!!!
9. Utd five yellow cards, even funnier!!!!Sort: Newest | Oldest | Most Replied Expand all replies
Le Pruneau Le Pruneau Apr 30, 2013 18:03 Flag
Im surprised more hasn't been made of the fact that a Francenal side with lots to prove and play for couldn't beat an uninterested United side with nothing to play for, at home.
Not being funny, but it just highlights now the huge gap between us. 21 points barely does it justice.
Credit to all Gooners who think RVP deserved better. Like Evra said, no one can dispute that he's been justified in moving to us.
- 2 Replies to Le Pruneau
FABONGRASS FABONGRASS Apr 30, 2013 19:29 Flag
'uninterested United side'
'...it just highlights now the huge gap between us. 21 points barely does it justice.'
This season, what with Arsenal beginning with so many new faces, in key positions, perhaps. Do you honestly believe United will emulate that next season?
Regardless of league position, Fergie & Wenger always take a game between us seriously.
Neither set of players would have been under any illusion other than that they were to go out and win.
Spot on.
10. Still lack the creativity to put teams under real pressure.
- 1 Reply to Govinda
FABONGRASS FABONGRASS Apr 30, 2013 19:22 Flag
When forced into playing without the first choice forward, eh Govinda?
FABONGRASS FABONGRASS Apr 30, 2013 12:14 Flag
Ferguson whining about the ref actually having the audacity to rightly show said yellow cards, funnier still.
United fans claiming they really didn't want to better Chelseas points tally,having fallen at the first hurdle, hilarious!
- 1 Reply to FABONGRASS
Ms. Jack Jacob Baldy Dodge VD Ms. Jack Jacob Baldy Dodge VD Apr 30, 2013 12:30 Flag
"United fans claiming they really didn't want to better Chelseas points tally"
If only you could see how stupid you look making things up, real little man syndrome actions!
Ms. Jack Jacob Baldy Dodge VD Ms. Jack Jacob Baldy Dodge VD Apr 30, 2013 10:31 Flag
3. Great Walcott off-side goal.
8. Fergie moaning about 'physical' side of Arsenal game spot on.
10, Ramsey fouls ALL the time and gets away with it.
- 2 Replies to Ms. Jack Jacob Baldy Dodge VD
Eric Cantona Eric Cantona Apr 30, 2013 12:49 Flag
8. Arsenal commit more fouls than United.
11. Sagna should have been sent off after attacking Evra.


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Measure O on the Los Angeles ballot March 8 would impose an extraction tax on local oil drilling in an effort to pump new revenues into cash-starved city coffers.
Supporters say the new tax would be reasonable and reimburse the city for the industry's impact on communities by generating $4 million a year.
Opponents argue there would be economic pain because the tax would discourage small oil producers from doing business here, affecting L.A.-based subcontractors and taking away local jobs.
Measure O appears with nine other initiatives on the city ballot featuring elections for the City Council, school board and community college district.
Council members Jan Perry, Bernard Parks and Paul Koretz are among backers of the proposal to tax oil-producing businesses at a rate of $1.44 per barrel of crude, adjustable for inflation.
"I think it closes a gap, to ensure companies are paying their fair share," Perry said.
The rate was calculated to approximate the gross-receipts tax that Culver City places on companies that extract oil there, Perry said.
With oil currently trading at $86.20 per 42-gallon barrel, Culver City's 1.8 percent tax actually would pinch local producers for $1.55 a barrel.
Oil-tax supporters say that, unlike nearby cities, Los Angeles receives no direct economic benefit from its 55 oil fields and more than 30,000 oil-producing wells.
And they say the city deserves compensation for the way oil drilling lowers nearby property values, diminishes air quality and adds to traffic congestion.
As an example, Perry pointed to the Baldwin Hills area of unincorporated Los Angeles County, where drilling has caused sidewalks to crack and roads to bulge.
But oil companies and business groups that are fighting Measure O say they fear voters will get the wrong impression.
First, they say, the tax would be imposed on top of existing business taxes.
"We're not trying to avoid paying taxes. We already pay all these other taxes," said Gregory C. Brown, an executive with BreitBurn Management Co., an independent oil company with headquarters in downtown Los Angeles.
Also, Measure O opponents say, $1.44 a barrel works out to nearly twice the average for oil taxes in other Los Angeles County cities, including more than three times what Beverly Hills and Long Beach charge.
Brown called $1.44 an "arbitrary" figure.
Finally, the anti-O campaign contends the impact would not be felt by the oil giants who are held up as villains by some gasoline consumers.
"The proponents of this measure want you to believe it's a tax on big oil companies," campaign spokesman Scott MacDonald said. "It's not. There are no big oil companies drilling in Los Angeles."
Opponents of Measure O say it will hurt "small oil" - companies with 50 or fewer employees.
Some opponents contend the new tax would raise gasoline prices, but measure supporters and independent analysts scoff at that claim.
Brown said City Hall, hungry for revenue to close the city's $350 million budget deficit for the next fiscal year, sees the oil industry as an easy target for a tax hike.
"Let's face it, they're targeting an unpopular, politically incorrect business," Brown said. "And when you target a particular business, I think that's a dangerous path to go down."
The oil industry's unpopularity will indeed help Measure O, said Jessica Levinson, who analyzes ballot initiatives for the L.A.-based Center for Governmental Studies.
"The more proponents use the phrases `oil companies' and `high profits,' the better they're going to do," Levinson said. "The way to make an initiative a winner is to say you want to stick it to oil companies, politicians or lobbyists."
Levinson added: "I would say, yes, they are targeting an unpopular group. But that, in and of itself, doesn't make it improper."
The oil-tax proposal is one of two measures on the March ballot that aim to raise revenue for the city. The other, Measure M, would impose a 5 percent tax on the gross receipts of medical-marijuana dispensaries. Measure M opponents say it's illegal to tax medicine and nonprofit organizations.
In the case of oil extraction, Levinson said, most voters are likely to conclude it's fair for Los Angeles to impose the same kind of tax that neighboring cities have.
"It's just a question of what the (amount) should be," she said.


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Definition of saucy in English:
adjective (saucier, sauciest)informal
1chiefly British Sexually suggestive in a light-hearted and humorous way: saucy postcards
More example sentences
- Some Old Etonians have even claimed that they could identify him as one of their own from his writings, a hard case to credit unless Eton was stuffed with budding critics of saucy postcards and analysts of dirigiste economics.
- If, however, you like your comedy no more postmodern than a saucy seaside postcard, read on.
- Donald McGill was a British institution whose saucy postcards became an integral part of the British seaside holiday, and at the height of his popularity were selling up to 16 million copies a year.
1.1Cheeky or impertinent.
Example sentences
- Another John is a saucy southerner who talked about two Americas while surprisingly not referring to secession.
- Few seem to mind, except those who think the shop owner is the one being a little saucy.
- 'Oh, I'm sorry,' Kevin said, unable to help a slight saucy grin.
cheeky, impudent, impertinent, irreverent, forward, insolent, disrespectful, flippant, familiar, presumptuous, audacious, bold, bold as brass, brazen, cocky, out of line, shameless
informal fresh, flip, lippy, mouthy, smart-arsed
North American informal sassy, nervy, smart-assed
archaic malapert
2chiefly North American Having or expressing a bold, lively, or spirited manner: the beret was perched at a saucy angle on her blonde hair
More example sentences
- Her wardrobe for the fall-spring season also changed and she adopted a bold, saucy and fashion forward style.
- The hair was then flat-ironed and flicked up for a saucy flip.
- For these people, the stylish, saucy miniature pinscher represents the perfect companion - a big dog in a small package.
- Example sentences
- He moved through the crowd schmoozing and smiling, surrounded by an arc of secret service, his suit jacket tossed saucily over his shoulder.
- She is simply adorable in her bustle gowns and ringlets, all prim modesty one moment, saucily displaying her ankles the next.
- Sonia grinned saucily at the men, enjoying their shock.
- Example sentences
- I can make a man blush by saying something sincere, with a dollop of sauciness thrown in.
- Despite her self-possession, Ali, 35, does not always radiate calm sauciness.
- The traditional home of the dirty weekend has acquired a few stylish new hotels of late, but for sheer sauciness, none of them can match this one.
Words that rhyme with saucygorsy, horsey
For editors and proofreaders
Line breaks: saucy
Definition of saucy in:
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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Personalized Wedding House Flag. Personalized banner with names and wedding date. Personalized wedding flags are great to display at wedding parties, wedding showers or make great wedding gifts. Display personalized flags outdoors or hang indoors on a wall. MATERIAL:Silky soft, heavy-duty 100% polyester. Double Stitched on all sides.
NOTE: Not more than 12 letters per line recommended.


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Tropical Public Health
ParasitologyVectorborne DiseasesEmerging Infectious Diseases
Curriculum Vitae
Dr. B. H. Kwa is Professor and Associate Dean for International Programs at the University of South Florida's College of Public Health. He received his Bachelor's and Master's degrees from the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia and his Ph.D. from the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He was Nuffield Fellow at Imperial College, London, England in 1976-77; W.H.O. Visiting Scientist and Fellow in Tropical Public Health at the Harvard School of Public Health in 1984-85; Fulbright Fellow in Malaysia in 1998-99. He had previously worked on filariasis, taeniasis/cysticercosis, sparganosis and other parasitic infections. His current interests are focused on sustainable development issues in developing countries as they pertain to vectorborne and parasitic diseases.