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2 Halves Cage 4 A
Well that's a bit of a mouthful isn't it! 2 Halves is a burr puzzle designed by Gregory Benedetti, with my copy being made by the very talented Maurice Vigouroux. Back in November 2013, this came up for sale on Puzzle Paradise with a couple of options for woods used. Seeing the Ebony cage and Bloodwood pieces, I didn't hesitate, and bought it there and then. I certainly wasn't disappointed.
Despite not being particularly good with Burr puzzles, this doesn't look like a burr, and the jet black Ebony surrounding the deep red of the Bloodwood makes it look imposing. That's probably a good thing, as this is not a simple puzzle. It's not a small puzzle either. Each cubie is 7/16", making it 3" x 3" x 3" overall, meaning that Maurice was working with 1" thick stock to make the burr pieces. It's a great size and manipulating the pieces inside the frame is easy given the size of the pieces. It's heavy too. Ebony is a very dense heavy wood, so this puzzle has a really solid heft to it. The fit and finish are excellent with the Ebony being polished to a reflective shine. The pieces all slide past each other perfectly, and the tolerances are spot on.
The first night I spent around 40 minutes playing around with the puzzle and managed to create some space in the cage to move the burr pieces around a little, but I hit a dead-end and couldn't see a way to progress further. There seemed to be a huge amount of space in the puzzle, but the cage was still firmly held in place, and the was no way I was sliding any of the burr pieces out of the cage.
This carried on for a few days where I'd spend 20 minutes or so each night trying to make progress and really getting nowhere. As often happens, things got busy, and the puzzle was left on a shelf for a while with pieces sticking out of the sides, looking a little like a hedgehog. Recently I had a little free time, and picked this up again, since it was sitting looking at me and I felt bad that I'd not finished it.
After about an hour, I finally managed to shuffle the burr pieces into the right locations to be able to remove one half of the cage! Progress. It was quite the achievement to have made it this far, and spurred on by my success, I carried on to remove the rest of the pieces. I thought I was past the difficult part and the remainder was going to be easy. After all, I now had a lot of space, and removing the remaining pieces should be easy!
Isn't it great when you're totally wrong. The puzzle is a level 188.8.131.52.3 puzzle. So removing the first half of the cage, I'd only finished the first 17 steps. I had another 14 to remove the first burr piece, and then another 9 to remove the second. This is one tough puzzle. I spent another 15 minutes figuring out how to move the pieces around and take that first burr piece out of the remaining cage half, but I finally got there. Let's just say I didn't do it in just 14 moves!
As far as value for money goes, this has been a great puzzle. I've had a lot of puzzling time out of it, and I have to admit that I really enjoyed it. This is a little worrying for me, as I've never really found much fun in playing with Burr's. Maybe I've found something else that I do enjoy after all.
The 2 Halves is certainly a different style of Burr, with the cage interacting with the burr pieces in such a way that it really adds an extra challenge. The cage itself blocks your view of the voids in the burr, making it much more difficult to see how to progress, and it also adds some structure, keeping the pieces in the right locations without needing an extra hand to prevent them from falling or rotating into a position which makes it difficult to move the next piece.
Now, I freely admit that I'm not good enough with burr's to be able to re-assemble this one on my own. It was enough of a challenge to just take it apart. Not to mention that I didn't pay any attention to how the pieces came out, or the order, so I didn't even have a reference to how to put them back.
There's only one possible assembly out of 1,844 possible orientations of the pieces in the final shape, so it could take a very long time to put this back together with trial and error. I know when I'm beaten, and turned to the trusty Burr Tools to help. Even there it took me three attempts to get the pieces entered correctly for Burr Tools to be able to solve the puzzle. I have no idea how Gregory designed this, but I have to take my hat off to him. It's a great design, and I can't recommend it enough, even if you're like me, and are not a fan of Burr's normally.
Six Piece Cube & Little Slide Plank by Gregory Benedetti
When it comes to co-ordinate motion puzzles, the master is generally regarded as Vinco, however Gregory Benedetti has been doing a lot of work in creating clever dissections which require co-ordinate motion. I was lucky enough to pick up a couple of his puzzles last year from Bernhard over at Puzzlewood. Seems that I've had them long enough that I should really write about them!
Gregory himself admits that he was influenced by Vinco, and his work on co-ordinate motion puzzles, which gave him the push to try to create some co-ordinate motion puzzles himself. There's a great interview by fellow blogger Saul on his blog Seeking Ariadnes Thread with Gregory if you'd like to read about Gregory's thoughts. It's a great read and I highly recommend it.
Little Slide Plank
The first, and smaller of the two puzzles is "Little Slide Plank" which is about as minimal as you can get from a co-ordinate motion puzzle. This three piece, 2x2 cube with one small void in the centre is a pretty elegant puzzle. It's only 2" cubed, made with a contrasting wood for the planks. If I were to guess, I'd say Ash for the main pieces, and Mahogany for the planks.
While many people shy away from co-ordinate motion puzzles due to the challenge of reassembling them, this is great for any level of puzzler. The unique dissection leaves you with some very interestingly shaped pieces, and while it's not difficult to take apart or re-assemble, it has that fiddle factor that makes a great puzzle. You just want to pick it up and play with it.
The pieces themselves are interesting, and all unique making this a very pleasing design. As I mentioned, it's not difficult to find the correct orientation to put the pieces back together, and unlike many co-ordinate motion puzzles, you don't need a third (or fourth) hand to get it together, nor the dexterity and precise positioning that is needed from some other puzzles in this category. Overall, I highly recommend it
6 Piece Cube
The other design from Gregory is his "6 Piece Cube". Interestingly, this cube is missing a couple of cubies, meaning it's not really a cube, but I'll not fault the design name based on that. Those missing cubies are very useful! This is the slightly larger of the two puzzles, at just under 2.5" cubed made from walnut and Maple, the contrast of the checkerboard appearance is a good look.
Being a six piece puzzle, the difficulty in this one does go up a notch. Finding the correct grip on the puzzle to allow the pieces to start sliding past each other can be challenging until you know how to hold the puzzle, as often you'll find a finger is blocking the motion you need. Remember I said those missing cubies were useful?
Once you find the correct axis, the pieces will side past each other, creating some interesting triangular geometry in the voids between pieces. As with any other co-ordinate motion, the puzzle expands in size, right up tot the point where it falls apart in your lap. My copy is very well made, with excellent tolerances. The puzzle is tight as it expands, allowing the pieces to hold onto each other until the very last fibers before they crumble into a pile of six pieces.
The pieces in this puzzle are made from two sets of congruent pieces. It's not too hard to see how the pieces go back together, however with six pieces, it takes a little longer than it does with the first puzzle. Then the real challenge starts. Once you have found the correct orientation, getting all the pieces back together is far more challenging. The puzzle needs to be expanded to near collapse to allow a piece to be inserted, and the easiest way I found was to add one piece at a time ... so I had to do this more than once, and try not to mishandle a piece and put myself right back to the start of the assembly.
It's a much more challenging puzzle, but has a great motion as it comes apart, and is achievable by most people. An experienced puzzler should have no problems, and will enjoy the interesting geometry in the puzzle. I do hope Gregory continues his exploration of the co-ordinate motions, as these two puzzles are a great start!
It's been a while since I managed to sit down and write anything new. Not that I don't have lots to write about, just seems that with a wedding coming up, and things being rather busy with the day job, I've not had much time. Anyway, that said, here's a nice Karakuri box to give you something to read about.
The Triskele is a puzzle box designed by Hideaki Kawashima. It's a beautiful looking puzzle, as you'd expect from the Karakuri group, and it hides it's secrets well. I spent quite a bit of time fiddling with this one, and seeming to make absolutely no progress on it.
Only 25 of these were made for an exhibition that Kawashima was taking part in, so I believe from the Karakuri site, that these are reasonably rare. Kawashima notes that the mechanism is not his design, and he's not made this style of puzzle until now. So what is this you may ask?
Well it's a cube, measuring 2.8" x 2.8" x 2.8" made from Birch, Magnolia, Wenge and Oak. As you can see from the image above the panels have been selected carefully to give a stunning external appearance, and the fit is so precise that it gives no hint as to how it will open.
Sadly for me, on finding out how the box opens, it's a simple Expanding box, using the same design as Stewart Coffin's Expanding Box puzzle. It's a beautifully made copy, don't get me wrong, but from a puzzling aspect, it's certainly not a new idea. The particular copy I have been playing with is incredibly stiff, and the humidity changes, have caused it to become very challenging to open, which if you didn't know how it opened would make it near impossible to solve.
It's a good looking box, but sadly it's not new, and unless you want a very good looking but costly copy of an expanding box puzzle, I'd say leave this one alone. Go have a look at some of Vinco's versions if you're just interested in the puzzle itself.
Karakuri Work Kit – Kakukaku box
As a member of the Karakuri Group, when I renewed my membership at the start of the year I decided to pick up a few of the DIY kits that they offer. After my experience with Bruce Vinney's designs I was interested to see what Karakuri Group had created, and also to better understand the mechanisms used, which is one of the goals Karakuri set when making the kits.
When I mentioned that I had the kits on one of the puzzle forums, there were requests to show how to build them, so much like I did with the previous kits I built, I decided to show the build process in full. Watch the video below to see the build, and watch the kit come to life. In the video I'll cover all the tools I use and this isn't time lapse so you can see everything in real time. I'll be doing videos for all the kits shown in the video, so check back for more soon.
As promised in the video, you'll find the instructions below, with my guide to building the box. Be aware that this is in no way a translation of the instructions!
General Kit Comments
The Karakuri group offer a reasonable number of DIY puzzle boxes which they refer to as "Work Kits". Each of the kits consist of a number of pre-cut plywood pieces, some decorative pieces (like the beautifully made acorn on the Acorn Box), and any hardware needed for the mechanism, if it's not just a straight forward sliding panel or suchlike. The kits are all perfectly cut, and of the kits I own there have been no issues with the fit or finish on any of the pieces.
Something which is worth noting about the kits is the price. They all come in at around the $25 USD mark, so in terms of affordability, these are really affordable boxes. The quality of the cuts on the pieces is excellent and the fit is as good as you will find with anything from the Karakuri group, so I'd say from that side of things, they're great value.
One thing to note is that the build instructions for the kits are in Japanese language only. Don't be put off by that however as with a little thought, and some careful study of the diagrams, you'll build the kits just fine. Failing that, have a look at my Build Instructions section below, where I have detailed the steps (in English) to build the kit.
Kakukaku Kit Review
The first of the kits I built was (as you already know from the title of this post) the Kakukaku Box. I picked this one for no other reason than liking the look of the box. Interestingly it was the last of the four that I picked, and really the only reason was that I had set a budget and this fit within that budget after having picked the three others I wanted.
As you can see from the picture above, the box itself is fairly simple. The ply is visible on the top of the box, but personally I don't think that's an issue. If you don't like having the ply exposed, you could glue some veneer onto the top panel just to make it neater. The laser cut tree certainly adds to the look of the box, and is also a clue as to the solution.
Building the kit was fairly simple. The diagrams on the build instructions are very clear, and there's nothing complicated to this kit, so I didn't have any issues building it. The video is real time, so it took about 15 minutes to put together, and would probably be quicker if you're not recording a video and talking through everything you're doing!
As far as the puzzle box itself is concerned, I'll be honest that I was a little disappointed with the box. I have two reasons for this, and at first they seem contradictory, but bear with me.
The locking mechanism is both too difficult to open, and too easy to open at the same time. If you attempt to open the box using the 'solution' provided, it can be very difficult to move the two parts of the box in the right way to get them to open. The fit is pretty good, and as such the movements need to be made very precisely to get the box open. Sadly, there is a much simpler way to open the box. If you hold the top of the box, and shake it, the bottom falls out on its own, making it far too easy!
As a kit I certainly enjoyed building it, and you will understand the mechanism once you've built the box, so it certainly meets the expectations that the Karakuri group set out to achieve. If you're thinking of buying one (or more) of these kits, I'd say that there are better boxes in terms of the end puzzle that you could get, but if you just want to add them all, then go get it!
Build Instructions
In this section I will try to give my guide to building this kit. Please note that this is in no way a translation of the Karakuri Group's instructions, but my own instructions based on having built the kit. If you have issues following my instructions, feel free to get in touch and I'll help you if I can, and update things below to clear up any confusion.
The instructions below match to the numbers on the diagram above.
Tools Needed
Before starting, you'll need a couple of tools.
- Wood Glue / Elmers hobby Glue
- Pencil
- Ruler (or some measuring device)
- Tape - I recommend blue painters tape
- Glue Brush (optional)
- Engineers Square (optional)
Step 1 - The Locking mechanism
First up, sort the parts from the kit into the same order as shown in the top diagram. If you feel like you need to then you can mark the piece numbers in pencil on the inside of each piece. The way the pieces are laid out in the diagram shows the inside, with the exception of piece 'B', which will be inside the box and unlikely to be seen so even if you don't remove the pencil mark, probably not an issue. In my opinion, the pieces are pretty clear so you should need to label them.
Take Piece 'A' and lay it as shown in the diagram. The sides with the notches cut out should be at the top and right of the piece as you look at it.
Take Piece 'B' and glue it into the centre of piece 'A'. The piece fits snugly between the wooden blocks that surround the piece, so no adjustment or fine placement is required. Make sure that the lip on piece 'B' is on the left and top as you look at the piece. This can be confirmed by the angled corners as seen in the diagram.
Leave the top for around 10 minutes for the glue to dry (note if the glue you are using takes longer to dry, then follow the manufacturers recommendations).
Step 2 - Top Decoration
Once the top of the box is dry from step 1, flip the piece over so that the cut away sections are now on the top and left of the piece as you look at it.
Using a ruler, mark the centre of the piece, making note of the cutout which will not be seen once the box is complete.
With the centre identified, glue the tree piece to the centre as seen in the diagram.
Step 3 - Inner Box
Take the parts labelled 'E' in the diagram. The flat square is the base of the inner box. There are two sides with notches cut in each end, and two with no notches cut.
Place the base in the centre and then around that the two pieces with notches in the ends above and below it, then the two without notches at either side as seen in the diagram on the right.
You will notice that there is a grove running through the with of all of these pieces. The base will go into one of these slots, and the other is part of the locking mechanism.
Put glue into the notches on either end of the top and bottom pieces and using a brush, spread the glue evenly into these notches. Bring all four sides together around the base as seen in the lower left diagram.
Once all four pieces have been brought snugly together, tape the corners and check that the corners are square using an engineers square. Note: This check is not really needed as the pieces are designed to give a good square corner.
Note: You can put tape on the corners before adding the glue. This can make the job of taping the corners easier rather than trying to get tape around the corners after they are in place.
Leave the inner box to dry.
Step 4 - Outer Box
Take the top which was completed in step 2, and place it as seen in the diagram, where the cut-out sections are at the top and right of the piece as you look at it.
Taking pieces Labelled C-1, C-2, D-1, D-2, place these around the top as seen in the diagram.
Pieces D-2 and C-2 have a piece of wood inside the groove which ensures the pieces are correctly located in relation to the locking mechanism, and the centre of the box.
Pieces C-1 and D-1 have no insert in the groove, and will slide freely along the length of the top.
Apply glue into the notches on either end of pieces D-1 and D-2 and using a brush, spread the glue evenly into these notches.
Bring all four pieces together around the top as seen in the diagram on the right, starting with pieces D-2 and C-2 which will ensure that the pieces are correctly centred.
Once all four pieces are in place, tape the corners together and allow the top to dry. You can check the top for squareness before it is dry however as with the inner box, the pieces are designed to give a good square corner even without this check.
Note: As before putting tape on the piece before gluing can make this easier
Step 5 - Opening and Closing the box
To Close the Box, place the outer box onto the Inner box and move the top Right and Up as per the green arrow in the diagram. The box is now locked.
Top Open the box, move the outer box Down and Left as per the blue arrow in the diagram, then lift the top of the bottom. The box is now open.
Shippers Dilemma
This is to be the first in a series of posts in the run up to Thanksgiving Day here in the US. So what better to be thankful about than new puzzles to play with?
You'll have to indulge me for a few minutes here, as this set of puzzles comes with a bit of a story. Don't worry, there's puzzles in here too! So back in June, my parents came to visit me here in California. It's the first time they've traveled since my dad went through all his Cancer operations, and it was the end of a long road for him. Both he and my mum were in need of the break, and having not seen them other than the quick trips back to Scotland for work, it was the perfect time to catch up. While they were here we had planned a bit of a road trip. None of us (either my parents or my new family) had been to the Grand Canyon or Death Valley, and since it was likely to be the last time my parents would be able to make such a long trip, we took the 2000 mile round trip in an RV.
While we were in Death Valley, we stopped at an old Ghost Town by the name of Calico. This is an old silver mining town which has been restored and has the tourist trap costumed inhabitants wandering around. One of the shops there was a modestly sized Puzzle shop; Calico Woodworks, selling 'old west' puzzles, including various disentanglement puzzles, tavern puzzles and wooden puzzles. I must have spent an hour in the shop (much to the dismay of the rest of the family who wanted to see the town) browsing, and talking with the owner, who had a fantastic knowledge of the puzzles she was selling.
As it happens, we struck up quite the little banter, and I have no doubt our discussions helped her sales for the day as the shop was packed when I left. Not long after I walked in, and I was animatedly pointing things out to Jen and my Mum, she hands me a puzzle which she calls the 'Manhood Puzzle". Clearly its something she hands to all the men as it comes with a story that if I can't solve it, she'll have to change my name to something girly. The puzzle she hands me is a nut and bolt puzzle, which as it happens I've seen before. I play along for a minute, and poke and prod at the split washer which is secured in the middle of the screw between the head and a nut which is soldered to the screw, before unscrewing the bottom section and removing the washer.
She then picks up a few other puzzles to show me, and entice me into buying. As she's off finding the puzzles, I spot a two piece pyramid puzzle sitting on the counter, and promptly solve it. (After all it was sitting there un-solved!) She comes back, spots it solved and asks if I did it. "Yes", I reply. She curses me, then proceeds to tell the story of having received it from Creative Crafthouse, spent days not being able to solve it (having received 1,000 of these), and calls them telling them their puzzle is broken. When they told her how to solve it, I believe a large chunk of pride and humble pie was swallowed!
She picks up a series of three puzzles, which for the Shippers Dilemma series. It turns out these are made by Creative Crafthouse and come both individually and as a nice set of three. As it happens, she didn't have the first in the set available, but I did end up buying the other two puzzles from here (amongst other things).
So now that I'm done with my story, back to the puzzles at hand! The two puzzles I ended up getting are Shippers Dilemma 'Y, the middle difficulty puzzle, and Shippers Dilemma 'Z' the very hard puzzle.
Both puzzles come in their own wooden boxes, which have been routed with a number of grooves to signify the difficulty of the puzzle. It's a nice touch and means you can easily tell which puzzle you're picking up without having to leave the lids off! Also, the 'lid' is really the base, and the puzzle can be built inside it then the rest of the box slipped on top to put it away (that is if you get it back into a cube)!
The first of the two puzzles is made entirely of 'y' shaped pieces, 25 to be exact, which have to be placed together to make a 5x5x5 cube. The puzzle was designed by David Klarner and published in the Journal of Recreational Mathematics in 1970, so its not a new puzzle. Originally thought to have just 236 solutions, Burr Tools shows there to be 1264 solutions possible. Never the less, this is still a challenging puzzle, and it's unlikely you're going to solve it in 5 minutes. I think I played around for about 30 minutes to get one solution, and was happy enough with that.
There are a number of other shapes that you can make from the pieces, including a 10x5x1 rectangle from 10 pieces, and a 15x4x2 using 24/25. So lots to keep you occupied with this particular puzzle. It does come supplied with a solution sheet showing 4 possible solutions, and the other shapes you can try, so if you're struggling with the 5x5x5 then one of the others may prove easier!
The pieces of the puzzle themselves are unfinished and fairly rough. While the fit is fairly precise between pieces, there's evidence of glue on some of the pieces, and not all the small cubes are glued perfectly straight onto the longer 'base' section. That said, this isn't an expensive puzzle, and given that it's well worth the money.
The second of the two Shippers Dilemma puzzles is 'Z'. You'll not be surprised when I tell you that this puzzle is made from 25 'Z' shaped pieces (or N in pentominoes sets) which need to be made into a 5x5x5 cube. Like it's little brother there are a number of other possible solution shapes using varying numbers of pieces which are listed with the puzzle, so again plenty to keep you occupied. This is listed as a very hard puzzle, and given that there's only 4 solutions, which are provided, I can see why. Around an hour found me a solution that let me put it back in its box, and I was pretty happy with that. Burr Tools confirms that there's only 4 solutions.
This puzzle is made from a darker wood, but again, I'm not sure what sort of wood has been used. It's of a similar quality and price to the previous puzzle, so all in all good value for money and a serious challenge regardless of how many times you solve it!
I may have to puck up the first in the series, as it has a beautiful symmetry to the way the pieces fit inside, which I really liked. That's one for another day though. Funny that I traveled all the way to Death Valley to pick up my first puzzles from Creative Crafthouse, but I've not been disappointed, and will likely buy more from them in the future.
Come back tomorrow to see the other puzzles I picked up while in Death Valley!
Flemin' is an interesting puzzle from Shiro Tajima from the Karakuri Creation group. This fairly plain looking Cherry box with an inlay detail apparently conceals a hidden compartment in its centre, however it's not easy to find!
As I mentioned the goal of the puzzle is to open the shell and find the secret compartment. Opening the shell isn't too hard. The outer panels are attached to the inner cube using short dowels which run in grooves in the outside of the inner cube. The way the panels of the inner cube are glued together prevent the outer panels from being removed, and keep the solver going round in circles. Confused? The picture below should help.
Made from Cherry, Rengas and Mizuki, this take apart puzzle while fairly plain (compared to some boxes we've seen from Shiro Tajima) still has a striking appearance to its outer casing. Created back in June 2010, this box has been around for a while now, but the internal mechanism was slightly redesigned and entered in the IPP 31 design competition in Berlin.
I've spent quite a lot of time on this box, which was kindly loaned to me by Derek Bosch, and (like Derek) have singularly failed to find the internal compartment. I spoke with a couple of fellow puzzlers about this puzzle, and eventually, talking with Jim Strayer, he pointed me towards the correct technique to open the inner box. It was Jim who mentioned while I was talking to him that the mechanism had been redesigned, and that he can easily open his copy, but was only able to open the IPP copy once.
Our thoughts seem to come down to the mechanism on this copy being locked solid as a result of expansion of the wood. Sadly, it is a potential problem with wooden puzzles, and it seems that the mechanism on this box is rather sensitive to wood movement. Given that I have the puzzle on loan, I certainly didn't want to force anything and possibly break a puzzle (and my thumb being slightly out of action doesn't help). Jim did mention that to open the internal compartment the mechanism needs to move very precisely, and I was concerned about damaging what sounds like a delicate internal movement.
So for now, this one remains unsolved. I can say that having spent possibly an hour and a half working on this one (most of that before my accident), that nothing I had tried would have led me to opening it, so it is a challenging box even when you understand its mechanism.
Given the comments of other puzzlers who've struggled to open this one, and the possible problems with wood expansion, I'm not sure whether to recommend this box or not. I really like the concept behind the mechanism, and I'm sure if it works, it is both simple, unexpected and very clever. It is a challenging puzzle, so if you're looking for a puzzle box that is a little unusual, and will not work the way you expect then it's a great buy. On the other hand, if you get one where the mechanism is stuck, this will frustrate you no end.


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Wednesday May 8, 2013
MANCHESTER, England (AP) -- Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson is retiring at the end of the season, bringing an end to more than 26 trophy-filled years at the club.
Ferguson says in a statement Wednesday "the decision to retire is one that I have thought a great deal about and one that I have not taken lightly. It is the right time."
Copyright 2013 Associated Press

subset: commoncrawl


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Verizon Push Trade-In Program Ahead Of iPhone Launch
Verizon is pushing their way as a response toward iPhone 4 arrival. Their CEO, Fran Shammo mention that the wireless company will be using the trade-in program as a bait for prospective customers. We have heard how Verizon will let their customers to do an early upgrade and give away a Visa debit card with $200 amount when they purchase the iPhone 4.
But if you are worry that the deal which Verizon has won't be eligible for you. Now, Verizon is offering trade-in program for non-Verizon customers. Regardless of manufacturer and carriers, Verizon will let you trade-in your device for those who purchased a device before November 26th. For an example, a 16GB AT&T iPhone 4 will give you a $212 credit.
As for the cash, you will not received it immediately. First, you have to buy and activate your iPhone 4 then send your device in 30 days of activation, and finally wait patiently for four to six week until you can get you money back.
[via Engadget]


text:
Welcome to Gettysburg Glass IncGettysburg Glass Inc is your local glass company in Gettysburg and Hanover, PA. We specialize in auto glass replacement, insurance claims, stone chip repairs, commercial store fronts and doors, including emergency board ups. We are conveniently located on East Water Street - just around the corner from the Square in downtown Gettysburg.
Our friendly team is experienced to get any job done fast, and finish with a high quality window shaped to what you wanted.
If you are traveling through the area and have a stone chip or cracked windshield, don't worry, just call our office for prompt service. The locals all know you can trust Gettysburg Glass.
We offer free estimates and our mobile repair truck will come to you.
Contact InformationGettysburg Glass Inc
322 E Water
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Phone: (717) 334-5015


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PARKERSBURG -Officials are continuing to work toward the repair or overhaul of the bleachers at Parkersburg High School's Stadium Field.
Sue Woodward, assistant superintendent of school services for Wood County Schools, said representatives from the PHS Stadium Committee met with Superintendent Pat Law before Christmas to discuss the issues.
Last month administrators started looking for a company to handle all the architectural and engineering needs for the county, with emphasis on the bleachers.
Article Photos
Photo by Jeff Baughan
The east side of Parkersburg High School's Stadium Field. Officials are continuing to work toward the repair or overhaul of the bleachers at Stadium Field.
School officials have formed a six-member group, which includes the finance director, maintenance director, Woodward and members of the Stadium Committee, to review the expression of interest bids that have been received. Officials have received nine expression of interest bids.
Woodward said Stadium Committee members also requested approval to seek an engineering report on its own. The Stadium Committee is working with Pickering Associates to review the structure. Committee members have not been in contact with board officials since then, Woodward said. And officials do not have enough information to determine how to proceed next.
"This has a lot of steps," Woodward said.
The stadium was shut down in November following an engineering report that said the bleachers were unsafe.
The report was based on an Oct. 25 visual inspection of the stadium, which found numerous areas where concrete was cracking and pulling away from the structure.
The grandstands were constructed in 1924 and a steel frame was added in the early 1990s. The concrete has been patched and repaired numerous times over the years.
Before any work can begin, the board of education will look at the plan and give approval.
"It is our facility," Woodward said.
The stadium was built in 1923 by the incorporated Stadium Committee on land owned by the school board. According to the history of Stadium Field, from the Big Reds Factbook, the board turned over the land to the committee on a 99-year lease.


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NY Near Miss Shows Need For Improved Controllers and Equipment
A Boeing 777 with 250 people on board passes a C-17 military cargo plane at the same altitude only 2,000 feet apart wingtip to wingtip after the passenger jet took evasive action. Safety investigators blame a distracted controller.
My colleague Andy Pasztor has a dramatic account (Click here to read) of that chilling near miss last year, one of about a dozen close calls investigated over the past two years. The two planes converged into one blip on controller radar screens, and when an American Airlines pilot complained after evading a midair collision, the air-traffic controller said, "I apologize.''
The National Transportation Safety Board's report on controller errors revealed this episode over the Atlantic Ocean 88 miles from New York City involving an American jet bound for South America and a military flight headed for New Jersey. The close call is considered more serious than other recent mistakes that have made headlines, such as errors involving flights near Washington's Reagan National Airport.
Different controllers were handling the planes. One told the other to order the American jet to stop its climb at 20,000 feet so the C-17 at 22,000 feet could pass overhead. The instruction was never delivered. The controller told his colleague again to have the 777 level off at 21,000 feet so the two flights would have the minimum 1,000 feet of vertical separation. Again, the order was never given because the controller was focused on another plane. The result: planes flying nose-to-nose at 22,000 feet.
One obvious problem: Automated collision alerts go off in air-traffic control centers so often that they are frequently ignored by controllers. This emergency, like many others, punctuates the need for both modern air-traffic control technology and improved management, training and coordination by the Federal Aviation Administration.
For now, the last line of defense is a good one: On-board warning systems are effective at helping pilots evade planes that are directed at them.


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Meditations On the First Philosophy
In 1641 a book was unleashed upon the world that served as the inspiration for every other book on philosophy to follow. This book was Meditations on the First Philosophy, and in it Descartes outlined how he came to the conclusion that God existed and that there is one basic truth. That we exist as well.
Start With 'Doubt'
Descartes set foot upon this ground of total skepticism and sought to conquer it on its own terms. He started with our perceptions of the external world. Our minds fill in our mistakes of perception. We are creatures who like to catalog things. When we encounter an object, if only briefly, we have to identify it and trigger the appropriate reaction. It is one of the reasons we have survived as a species for as long as we have. We are incredibly good at it. But we are also mistaken about a good many of the items that we catalog. It is because of this that Descartes cast doubt on the external world, be it a mistake of our perceptions, dreams, or an evil demon bent on deceiving us.
"I think therefore I am"
If I am being deceived, be it by my senses, a dream, or an evil demon, I am still the one being deceived. These deceptions prove the existence of one thing.
I think therefore I am.
Recommended Reading (or works mentioned in this podcast)
- Meditations and Other Metaphysical Writings – Rene Descartes
Listen and Subscribe to Philosophy Walk on both iTunes & Stitcher
The music in this episode was provided by the following artists:
- Amazon Truth by LockeDown
Latest posts by Rick Coste (see all)
- Moral Realism - September 8, 2014
- Consequentialism - September 1, 2014
- Virtue Ethics - August 25, 2014


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See all dates for Fenix 2: Icon Of The Chilean Mine Rescue
Fenix 2: Icon Of The Chilean Mine Rescue
Fénix 2 is the capsule used to rescue the 33 trapped miners from the San José mine in Chile's Atacama Desert in October 2010.
The capsule became a symbol of hope and triumph over adversity during the unprecedented rescue operation, which saw all the miners brought safely to the surface following their 69-day entrapment.
This display highlights the extraordinary technical challenge of the rescue - which involved hundreds of engineers, technicians and scientists - and includes interviews with key personnel involved in the operation.
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Venue Facts
Venue: Science Museum
Website: sciencemuseum.org.uk
Enquiries: 0870 870 4868
Disabled Bookings: 020 7942 4000
→ South Kensington 5 min walk


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Manuel Lastimosa, Sr.
*Feb. 27, 1935
†May 17, 2014
A Memorial Service will be celebrated Monday, June 2, 2014 at 10:00 AM at St. Theresa Catholic Church for Manuel Lastimosa, Sr. who passed away May 17, 2014 at the age of 79.
Manuel was born in the Philippines, made South Lake Tahoe a happy home for 38 years and with his wife raised two beautiful sons. He worked for Harrahs Tahoe, Caesars Tahoe and was self employed until his retirement.
He is survived by his wife Lita, son Manny Jr. and wife Katarzyna, son Matthew, grandson Alexander, sister Carmelita and husband Jose Pancho, Sr. and several cousins, nephews and nieces.


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Nothing is too much trouble at the Anderson. From room service to laundry and dry cleaning, we offer a thoughtful range of hotel services carefully designed to enhance your visit and ensure your stay is effortless.
We offer everything you'd expect from a 4 star hotel in Milan including free Wi-Fi, a fitness center and an experienced concierge service. To help you make the most of every minute, we offer a car rental service with a personal driver.
Wi-Fi Internet Free 24H
The Wi-Fi internet connection is available throughout the whole hotel and rooms. It is totally free.
- Wi-Fi Internet Free 24H
- Starbed
- Pillowmania
- Desk with lamp
- Minibar
- Express Check-out (1)
- Room service
- TV with foreign satellite channels
- Safety deposit box
- Air conditioning
- Telephone
- Hairdryer
- Wake-up calls
(1) Authorize the charge of your stay to your credit card and save precious time.
- Black Restaurant
- Black Bar
- Room service
- Full American buffet breakfast
Meetings & Events
- 4 Meeting Rooms
- WI-FI internet connection
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Hotel Services
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- Rent a car with your personal driver at special rates: Mercedes, Audi, BMW, Minivan. Magazines, mineral water, candies, refreshing napkins are available on board. Contact the hotel directly to request this service.
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Small/medium size pets are welcome. The request must be mentioned in the booking request. An extra charge of € 35,00 will be applied at check-out time.
Please contact the hotel directly to acquire further details regarding its pet policy.
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COMO, Italy, 28 February 2014 – Some twenty PhD-level students from ten countries took part in a course on "Renewable energies for unleashing sustainable development in low and middle income economies", organized by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), that ended in the Italian city of Como today.
The five-day course was designed as part of a partnership between UNIDO, the Politechnico di Milano, one of Europe's leading engineering universities, the United Nation's Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), and Fondazione Cariplo, an Italian foundation specializing in sustainable development.
"Renewable energy is a key factor in achieving inclusive and sustainable industrial development. The partnership with the Politecnico di Milano through this high-level course contributes to the creation of the necessary capacities and knowledge for a sustainable future," said Diego Masera, Chief of UNIDO's Renewable and Rural Energy Unit.
Masera added that the course was designed with a focus on a more inclusive sustainable future, and presented energy as a central element of development and renewables as a key condition for sustainable development.
Participants at the course examined the technical, economic and policy conditions necessary for the successful deployment of renewable energy, and ways of more equitably distributing resources in developing regions. They discussed grid and off-grid access to electricity, renewable energy applications in industry, business models for distributed energy generation and policy design for sustainable energy solutions.
In addition to lectures, participants worked on practical project examples which they presented during the course.
For more information, please contact:
Chief, UNIDO Renewable and Rural Energy Unit


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Day 1 - Plan for it!
By Yolande Poirier-Oracle on Aug 08, 2013
Java University, Keynotes and Java User Group Forums will be your first dive into JavaOne 2013. Java University offers a full-day seminar on a topic with sessions running from 9:00a.m. to 4:00p.m. The topics are:
- A Tour of REST with Matt Heimer
- Architect and Design Robust Enterprise Applications for the Cloud and Beyond with Joe Boulenouar
- Certification Exam Cram: Java SE 7 Programmer I and II with Evan Troyka
- Certification Exam Cram: Java EE 5/6 Web Component Developer with Michael Ernest
- Getting Started with JavaFX with Paul and Gail Anderson
- Getting Started with the Java EE 7 New Features with Eduardo Moranchel and Edgar Martinez
- JSF from a New Perspective: JSF 2.2, HTML5, Bean Validation 1.1, EL 3.0, JPA 2.1 with Ed Burns and Oliver Szymanski
- Java Performance Tuning with Ben Evans
- Using Java 7 & 8 Features in your code with Martijn Verburg
This year, the Java Strategy and Technical Keynotes are at Moscone North starting at noon. Also at Moscone, in the West Wing, are the Java User Group Forums. Their sessions are already in the works. You can view them in the content catalog
Not too late to save on registration. Register now


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MakeGamesWithUs gives young developers a homeJuly 28, 2013 Updated: July 28, 2013 8:16pm
Photo: Rohan Smith, The Chronicle
Hidden at the end of a long driveway in Palo Alto, the five-bedroom house looks like a reality show set or the home of a strangely well-behaved fraternity.
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Man gets 15 years for hammer attack on wife
Attacked estranged wife after he proposed reconciliation
Published 3:23 PM EST Feb 12, 2013
A North Carolina man has been sentenced to 15 years in prison after pleading guilty to attacking his estranged wife with a hammer after she rejected his proposal that they reconcile.
Sixty-nine-year-old Raul H. Garcia was sentenced Monday by an Allen Superior Court judge who gave him 218 days' credit for time served in the Allen County Jail. Garcia had previously pleaded guilty to one count of aggravated battery.
The Journal Gazette reports police say Garcia came to Fort Wayne from North Carolina in July so his wife could sign divorce papers, but instead asked if they could reconcile.
Prosecutors say Garcia started to choke his wife and then hit her repeatedly with a hammer after she rejected his proposal and began laughing at him.


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OKay is this chart you did something you inserted yourself, or is there a way for me to do that too? I'm new on active.com
|Week 1: Complete 9/25/12
|Week 5:
|Week 2: Complete 10/1/12
|Week 6:
|Week 3: Complete 10/8/12
|Week 7:
|Week 4:
|Week 8:
|First 5K: November 3
No matter how slow I go, I'm still lapping everybody on the couch!
It is on this page here....
OMG!! I am so excited to have found this group....you guys are hilarious! So I'm a 33 year old stay at home mom from Texas. I have a 4 year old son and 4 month old daughter. I am very overweight!! Like I'm 5'7" and weigh 231! I gained 55 lbs with my son and another 25 with my daughter!!! Basically my husband who used to be a professional athlete is 6'3" and has always been buff and weighed 230...WHAT? He has gotten a little "fluffy" too so I know he doesn't weigh this much still, but the fact that I've reached this number makes me ill! I've pretty much been a different person since my son was born I know mainly because I've been so unhappy with myself. This weekend is my 15 year class reunion and I'm not going because I'm too fat I know it's vain, but I went to a very small school and I can't bear to see everyone and know they think I look terrible. I joined Weight Watchers too (online) and am really liking it. The WW app and WW scanner app are awesome! I've lost 7 lbs. in two weeks. I've finally decided after a lifetime of yo-yo dieting that I have to take it slow....baby steps. When I feel pressure to get it off quick, I always fail. Plus, WW is set up to let you have your "treats" or bad days because you get the allowance of extra points every week....not to mention you get extra points if you are exercising (which is where the c25k comes in).
So I started c25k Sept 22 and last night did w3d1 and didn't have to call the ambulance! yippee! This may sound silly to some of you but something that is really keeping me motivated too is Facebook. At the end of my workout (I use the Run 5K app on my iphone) it gives me the option to post my run on facebook or twitter. Everytime I've posted this at the end, several of my friends and family are responding and cheering me on. I must admit that this is very motivating! There is one friend of mine that has lost A TON of weight from running and I always like seeing her "like" my running post...it's inspiring. All those "runners" had to start somewhere just like we did!
I have signed up for my first 5K....the Gritty Goddess November 3rd. Think we have to run thru mud and all that fun stuff.
Okay, so some of you have a little yellow star under your name, what does that mean and how do I get one?
What about nutrition? How are you all staying fueled? Listen to me, "fueled" like I'm a personal trainer or something LOL I just don't understand why some days hurt more than others....can't help but wonder if I'm not eating the right foods on those days. Of course it can't be the fact that I have a 4 month old that didn't get the memo that she is supposed to sleep all night!
Well I'm really excited about this group and sharing this journey with you all! It's so crazy how this program is hard enough that you sometimes don't know if you can finish, but you can and you're so proud and feel like you got a really good workout in.....yet it's not so hard that you don't want to do it the next time. I've never been a runner either, but find myself looking forward to running eventhough it hurts. ??? What's up with that? I'm probably just vain and like bragging about it on Facebook LOL!
I promise all my posts wont be this long..I just had a couple weeks to catch up on
"Keep on Keeping On"
|Week 1: Complete 9/25/12
|Week 5:
|Week 2: Complete 10/1/12
|Week 6:
|Week 3: Complete 10/8/12
|Week 7:
|Week 4:
|Week 8:
|First 5K: November 3
No matter how slow I go, I'm still lapping everybody on the couch!
Oh and Amanda, I love your chart, so I copied it...hope you dont mind girl!
|Week 1: Complete 9/25/12
|Week 5:
|Week 2: Complete 10/1/12
|Week 6:
|Week 3: Complete 10/8/12
|Week 7:
|Week 4:
|Week 8:
|First 5K: November 3
No matter how slow I go, I'm still lapping everybody on the couch!
I would love to join your thread. I am a 29 year old mother of two. My daughter is 9 and my son is 10 months old. I just started the C25K program this week. I am going to be on W1D3 tomorrow. I want to run so bad! My niece is a runner and I would love to be fit and able to run with her. She runs a 6.5 minute mile, I am aiming for an 11 minute mile. Lol I am trying to be realistic. Right now I am dying after 60 seconds of running!
I could really use some moral support... I always do better when I have someone to be accountable to. I totally agree with the person who said that posting on Facebook helps! I started walking on Aug 31. I bought some Nikes so I could use the Nike+ app. It posts your runs(walks) on FB for everyone to see. It really made me push myself. However, seeing all those people running at the park where I walk really gave me the running bug. I want it so bad! I forgot to mention that I am 5'6" now weigh 193 lbs. I weighed 209 lbs when I started. I want, scratch that, I am going to lose another 38 lbs. I am worried about injuries because I am so overweight. Any advice?
Hi Nicolette78, You can do it!!! I just joined Active.com, too, and I'm on my 5th week of C25K. I am one of the slowest runners out there, but I complete the assigned runs. Listen, when they tell you to go slow, do it. Run your own race and don't worry about any one else. I'm a curvy girl, but in good health. Get some good shoes, good sports bra, make sure to warm-up/cool down as suggested with your program, stay hydrated and you'll be fine. Our running days are Tues & Thurs with the group and an individual run over the weekend. Just wanted to send you some encouragement. Peace & blessings...
No, that's next week. I fear W6! I'm trying not to think about it. This week we ran a total of 16 minutes, well, actually for me it was more like 40 minutes! But I didn't stop. We have a horrible gravel track at work, so I ran in the grass. It slowed me down even more, but I don't care. My feet/ankles are happy.
Hey there! Thanks for the info. I went to a running store to get fitted, so my shoes are fine. It looks like the horrible gravel track was the culprit. I started running in the grass edge of the track and purchasd gel insoles that someone here suggested. SO much better! I was able to run this week with no problem. Incidentally, when I run on the treadmill or a regular outside track, I have no problems.
LOL! I work with this runner who just completed the Akron Marathon which is like 26 miles, but that did not stop me from bragging about my 1-1/2 mile run! Be proud of you! This is hard work. And hey, every runner had to start somewhere.
Just completed my 4th run of week 3. Starting to feel it in my knees( stupid extra pounds i have to carry) . On to week 4 on mon. Anyone using the C25K app by run double on thier phone? and are you having trouble with it? Today it skipped one walk after my first 3min run or i did. Made it through but at a really slow pace.
Nicholette - I started my run in sept and want to lose about 100lbs. Here is the advise I was given from my PT about being overweight and running:
1 get fitted for a really good pair of shoes!
2 compression capris or pants and a good jog bra make running more comfortable
3 do you first run of each new week at and easier pace then pick it up on the next two
4 go to a PT or to a really good running store and have someone check your running for proper technique to prevent
5 don't judge your pace by anyone else.
6 if you are having muscle cramps or sorness a good rehydrating drink or protien drink after your run. Ask at your local running store for ideas.
And from my Dr - Start your day with 20 to 30 g of protien to jump start your matabolism and keep you blood sugars even.
Keep moving !!! You can do it! I'm moving to week4 and still run at a 15 pace but i'm completing all the runs, so it's all good. :-)
Thanks Shelly and AlmightyD! I appreciate the advice.
Wow 20-30g of protein seems like a lot. I run in the morning so I usually don't eat much before. Do you think a protein shake would suffice? I also heard that drinking a chocolate milk (i drink almond milk instead of dairy) after a workout is a great way to "refuel" (lol) have any of you heard that?
Am I the only guy on here? I am currently with the DOD deployed in Afghanistan. I won't embarrass myself by listing any specifics...let's just say I could stand to lose quite a bit. One of the few good things about being over hee is that there isn't a whole lot to do so I have plenty of time to work on going to the gym and running.
I actually started C25K in July but sprained my ankle pretty badly and then had a trip home for R&R that have kind of hampered my schedule. When I got back from R&R I started up again where I had left off which was W3 so I figured this group was the closest to where I am.
This morning was W4D1 which I had been dreading, but I finished the whole thing. The first half wasn't nearly as bad as I thought it would be but that last 5 minute run almost got me. I use the Podcast to keep track of when to switch but I also use my stopwatch on the longer runs to cheat a little bit and see where I am in my run. I got to a point on that last run and thought I couldn't go anymore, but when I looked at my watch I saw I was at 3:30. Figured I only had 1 1/2 minutes left so I may as well gut it out to the end and I finished. One thing I need to remember for next time is to dress for the end of my runs and not the beginning. We're at about 5,000ft so it is getting to be pretty chilly in the mornings so I threw on my fleece jacket. By the time I was done I was carrying my fleece and sweating like crazy.
shelly- the akron marathon runs past my front door. It is not a race that I aspire to as it is almost all pavement-------- I did the Towpath half marathon a few years ago and hope to do a Full towpath marathon- but one day at a time !!!!
I am redoing C25K- I did it a few years ago and ran fairly steadily untill about January of this year when 3 months of kidney stonmes/urology issues sidelined me.
Currently I am on w5d2 and no problems to speak of.
someone else asked if it ever gets easier????- In my opinion it never really gets easier- Eventually you can run 3 miles ,no problem and you WILL wonder what the fuss was about- but at that point you will have pushed your self to where your week end long run is 5-6 miles!!!- so 3 miles is no big deal to you
some advice?
if you are having difficulties, just SLOW DOWN-especially when attempting a new distance-slow down.- running slower will cure almost all difficulties and you will be amazed how much further you can eventualloy run if you slow down just a bit.
some one else asked about training plans beyond c25k?- there are plenty out there--------HalHigdon has some good ones- but there are plenty of other ones as well.
Get comfy at the 5k distance-then build to a 10k and then once at the 10 k a half marathon is a real possibility
BTW------ doing the C25K with my 4 year old Lab who is loving it. I have a new retriever pup coming in January but it will be a couple years before that one is ready to run distance as well,
Best wishes all,
I just finished W4D1. This one was a toughie. I am following the distance option of C25K, which means that I had to run 1/2 mile twice (plus two 1/4 mile runs.) It took me almost 7 minutes of running (well, slow plodding, actually) to finish my last 1/2 mile run. I was quite proud of myself, though, especially considering that I ran twice as far as I was running in week 3.
ACTIVE is the leader in online event registrations from 5k running races and marathons to softball leagues and local events. ACTIVE also makes it easy to learn and prepare for all the things you love to do with expert resources, training plans and fitness calculators.


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Standard diving dress
A standard diving dress consists of a metallic (copper and brass or bronze) diving helmet, an airline or hose from a surface supplied diving air pump, a canvas diving suit, diving knife and weighted boots.[1] An important part of the equipment is the lead weights, generally on the chest, back and shoes, to counteract the buoyancy of the helmet and diving suit.
This type of diving equipment is also known as hard-hat or copper hat equipment, or heavy gear. Leading British manufacturers were Siebe Gorman and Heinke. In the United States, the dominant makers were DESCO, Morse, Miller-Dunn and Schräder and it is sometimes known as a "Diver Dan" outfit, from the television show of the same name. It was commonly used for underwater civil engineering, commercial diving, pearl shell diving and naval diving.
Early history[edit]
In 1405, Konrad Kyeser describes a diving dress made of a leather jacket and metal helmet with two glass windows. The jacket and helmet were lined by sponge to "retain the air" and a leather pipe was connected to a bag of air.[2]:693 A diving suit design was illustrated in a book by Vegetius in 1511.[2]:554
Borelli designed diving equipment that consisted of a metal helmet, a pipe to "regenerate" air, a leather suit, and a means of controlling the diver's buoyancy.[2]:556 In 1690, Thames Divers, a short lived London diving company, gave public demonstrations of a Vegetius type shallow water diving dress.[2]:557 Klingert designed a full diving dress in 1797. This design consisted of a large metal helmet and similarly large metal belt connected by leather jacket and pants.[2]:560
Modern era[edit]
The first successful diving helmets were produced by the brothers Charles and John Deane in the 1820s.[3] Inspired by a fire accident he witnessed in a stable in England,[4] he designed and patented a "Smoke Helmet" to be used by firemen in smoke-filled areas in 1823. The apparatus comprised a copper helmet with an attached flexible collar and garment. A long leather hose attached to the rear of the helmet was to be used to supply air - the original concept being that it would be pumped using a double bellows. A short pipe allowed breathed air to escape. The garment was constructed from leather or airtight cloth, secured by straps.[5]
The brothers had insufficient funds to build the equipment themselves, so they sold the patent to their employer, Edward Barnard. It was not until 1827 that the first smoke helmets were built, by German-born British engineer Augustus Siebe. In 1828 they decided to find another application for their device and converted it into a diving helmet. They marketed the helmet with a loosely attached "diving suit" so that a diver could perform salvage work but only in a full vertical position, otherwise water entered the suit.
In 1829 the Deane brothers sailed from Whitstable for trials of their new underwater apparatus, establishing the diving industry in the town. In 1834 Charles used his diving helmet and suit in a successful attempt on the wreck of Royal George at Spithead, during which he recovered 28 of the ship's cannon. In 1836, John Deane recovered from the discovered Mary Rose shipwreck timbers, guns, longbows, and other items.
By 1836 the Deane brothers had produced the world's first diving manual, Method of Using Deane's Patent Diving Apparatus which explained in detail the workings of the apparatus and pump, plus safety precautions.
In the 1830s the Deane brothers asked Siebe to apply his skill to improve their underwater helmet design.[6] Expanding on improvements already made by another engineer, George Edwards, Siebe produced his own design; a helmet fitted to a full length watertight canvas diving suit. The real success of the equipment was a valve in the helmet that meant that it could not flood no matter how the diver moved. This resulted in safer and more efficient underwater work.
Siebe introduced various modifications on his diving dress design to accommodate the requirements of the salvage team on the wreck of the HMS Royal George, including making the helmet be detachable from the corselet; his improved design gave rise to the typical standard diving dress which revolutionised underwater civil engineering, underwater salvage, commercial diving and naval diving.[6]
Modern diving helmets are made of stainless steel, fiberglass, or other strong and lightweight material. The copper helmets and standard diving dress are still widely used in poorer parts of the world, but have largely been superseded by lighter and more comfortable equipment.
General description[edit]
Standard diving dress can be used up to depths of 600 feet (180 m) of sea water, provided a suitable breathing gas mixture is used. Air or other breathing gas may be supplied from hand pumps, compressors, or banks of high pressure storage cylinders, generally through a hose from the surface, though some models are autonomous,[citation needed] with built-in rebreathers or compressed gas supplies.
A diving helmet may be described by the number of bolts which hold it to the suit or to the corselet, and the number of vision ports, known as lights. For example, a helmet with four vision ports, and twelve studs securing the dress, would be known as a "four light, twelve bolt helmet".
When the telephone was invented, it was applied to the standard diving dress. The helmet diver remains dry - a big advantage during long dives.
In the diving helmet, a principle similar to that of the wet diving bell is used, where compressed air is provided to the helmet.[1] The air lets the diver breathe normally and equalizes his internal pressure with the water pressure outside. The helmet must have a non-return valve at the rear air input port of the helmet, to prevent massive and fatal squeeze, should the air line be cut at the surface. Diving helmets, while very heavy, displace a great deal of water and combined with the air in the dress, would make the diver float with his head out of the water.[2]:33 To overcome this, some helmets are weighted, while other divers wear weighted belts which have straps that go over the base of the helmet. The diver may have an air inlet control valve, while others may have only one control, the exhaust. Helmet divers are subject to the same pressure limitations as other divers, such as decompression sickness and nitrogen narcosis.[2]:1
A full diving dress can weigh over 80 kilos.
The one piece diving suit is called a diver's dress.[citation needed] The earliest suits were made of waterproofed canvas invented by Charles Mackintosh. From the late 1800s and throughout most of the 20th century, most Standard Dresses consisted of a solid sheet of rubber between layers of tan twill. Their thick vulcanized rubber collar is clamped to the corselet making the joint waterproof. The inner collar (bib) was made of the same material as the dress and pulled up inside the corselet and around the diver's neck. The wrist cuffs are also made of vulcanized rubber.
The twill was available as heavy, medium, and light with the heavy working best against rough surfaces like barnacles and rocks. Different types of dress are defined by the clamping of the outer collar clamps to the corselet. The legs may be laced to prevent gas from getting trapped in the legs and dragging an inverted diver to the surface.[2]:56 In normal UK commercial standard dress diving activities, the dress often did not have the lace up option.
The helmet was usually made of copper with soldered on brass fittings. The windows are known as lights or ports. The front port usually opens on the surface by being screwed out or opens a hinge. The back of the helmet has two goose neck fittings. One has a non-return valve and is the connection for the air line. The other is for the diver's telephone.
Later helmets include a non-return valve where the airline is connected, which prevents potentially fatal helmet squeeze if the pressure in the hose is lost. The difference in pressure between the surface and the diver can be so great that if the air line were cut on the surface and there was no non-return valve, the diver would be squeezed into the helmet by the external pressure, and injured or possibly killed.
Helmets have a spring-loaded exhaust valve which allows the air to leave the helmet. The spring force is adjustable by the diver and prevents the diver's suit from deflating completely or over-inflating and the diver being floated uncontrollably to the surface. Some helmets have an extra manual exhaust valve known as a spit-cock. This allows the diver to vent excess air when he is in a position where the main exhaust will not function correctly.
The corselet (also known as a breastplate) is an oval copper and brass collar-piece resting on the top middle parts of the shoulders, chest and back, to support the helmet and seal it to the suit. Most helmets are joined to the corselet by 1/8th turn interrupted thread. The helmet is placed on the breastplate facing the divers left front and then turned forward, seating on a leather gasket. The helmet usually has a safety lock which prevents it from rotating back and thus separating underwater. However, other styles of connection were used and the joins may be by clamp or bolts. Some helmets and breast plates are one piece and secured to the suit in other ways.[citation needed]
The breast plate is usually joined to the diving suit by having the holes in the collar placed over bolts on the breastplate, and then being made water tight by compressing brass rails (also known as brailes or brass straps) against the collar with wing nuts.
Weighted shoes[edit]
The helmet divers used heavily weighted shoes to steady them on the sea floor. The weighted sole is bolted to a wooden insole, which in turn has a leather, canvas or rubber upper. Lead was the most common sole and a pair could weigh up to 34 lb. Brass soled shoes with canvas uppers were introduced in WWII and are still in use. Some early brass shoes were called sandals because they were a casting held to the diver's feet by simple straps. Japanese divers often used iron soled shoes. The diver tends to lean forward against the drag of the water when walking on the bottom, and could often not see where he was putting his feet, so the toes are capped, usually with brass.
Diver's knife[edit]
The diver's knife is a tool, not a weapon. It is not used to fight sea life. The diver can pry and hammer with it. It usually has one side of the blade serrated to cut heavy lines such as rope, and a sharper side for fine lines such as monofilament fishing line. There are two general knife sheaths; one is flat with a spring retention and the other is tube-shaped and has an ajax triple thread, allowing the diver to insert the knife in it from any direction. He then rotates the knife, thereby engaging the threads and locking the knife into the sheath.
Diver's weights[edit]
There are two general weight types. Both are still in use. The older helmet weights are used in pairs. The large horse shoe type weights hold the helmet down and are attached to the corselet with figure eight hooks that go over breast plate weight studs. The Greek sponge divers simply joined the weights with ropes which went over the corselet like saddle bags. The second weight type is the weight belt. It has shoulder straps which cross at the back and go over the breast plate. The US Navy Mk V weight belt weighed 83 lb. However, commercial belts usually were about 50 lb.
Air control valve[edit]
Most divers have an air control valve which is a lot like a common water tap.[citation needed] Air which is sent down the air hose can be controlled by the diver. The early helmets, like those by Siebe Gorman did not have air control valves and the diver signaled the surface with pulls on his rope or air line, indicating that he needed more or less air.
See also[edit]
- ^ a b Stillson, GD (1915). "Report in Deep Diving Tests.". US Bureau of Construction and Repair, Navy Department. Technical Report. Retrieved 2008-08-08.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Davis, RH (1955). Deep Diving and Submarine Operations (6th ed.). Tolworth, Surbiton, Surrey: Siebe Gorman & Company Ltd.
- ^ The Infernal Diver by John Bevan, Hardcover - 314 pages (27 May 1996), Submex Ltd; ISBN 0-9508242-1-6
- ^ http://scubaeds.com/10.html Scuba Ed's - History of scuba diving
- ^ Newton, William; Partington, Charles Frederick (1825). "Charles Anthony Deane - 1823 patent". Newton's London Journal of Arts and Sciences. W. Newton. 9: 341.
- ^ a b Acott, C. (1999). "JS Haldane, JBS Haldane, L Hill, and A Siebe: A brief resume of their lives.". South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal. 29 (3). ISSN 0813-1988. OCLC 16986801. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
Historical Diving Society diving at Stoney Cove, England
Two cylinder diver's pump made by "Drägerwerk AG" (Germany)
Cave diving equipment from 1935 in the museum at Wookey Hole Caves
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Standard diving dress.
- The Historical Diving Society
- US Naval Undersea Museum
- Diving Heritage
- "Iron Men Under The Sea", January 1931, Popular Mechanics detailed article on salvage divers and diving school in Bremen, Germany
- "Undersea Acrobatics The World Never Sees", December 1931, Popular Mechanics training given divers to go against current on ocean floor pages 974/975
- History of Diving Museum
- "Deep Sea Diving: Assembling the Deep Sea Outfit - 1963 - US Navy Training" on YouTube


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On the first day of class, I was nervous about meeting everyone and had the mentality that I was there to get through the program, not to make friends. However, I was surprised by how quickly our class of 23 turned into a little family. What I expected to be a competition amongst each other turned into a team effort to help one another succeed. I have made some friends for life by enrolling in the CLS program, which is far more than I anticipated. I can count on not only fellow classmates, but instructors to be there for me when needed.
I was also intimidated by the prestige of the Mayo Clinic before arriving on the first day of class. I was sure I would feel out of place. However, I have felt nothing but acceptance whether it's in the classroom, in a rotation, or just walking around the beautiful campus. I could not be happier with my decision to enroll in the Clinical Laboratory Science program at Mayo Clinic. I am so thankful that I did not miss out on this opportunity.


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After what seems like a short winter break, Amy Ruman and the Ruman Racing team will be back in action for the 2014 Trans Am Series season starting off this weekend in Sebring.
The Spring Vintage Classic-Featuring the Trans Am Race Series is SVRA's kickoff event of the 2014 Vintage Racing season.
Three days of exciting action including 14 sprint races, 3 Hawk Motors Endurance Series races, including a 90 minute night race on Friday evening.
Drive your street car on the Sebring race circuit Saturday and Sunday in the optional Track Touring program during lunch. Watch the one hour Trans Am Race Series professional race on Sunday. Watch Porsches, Corvettes and Ferraris compete on the challenging 3.74 mile Sebring race track.
Ruman returns to the series this year after taking home a tough fourth place finish in the 2013 championship standings.
Ruman's long time primary sponsor, McNichols Co., will be returning again in 2014 marking the 13th year in the long time sponsor partnership.
The No. 23 Corvette will continue to sport the trademark red and black combination, with a little addition of a "perforated metal" look, honoring the "HOLE" metals line McNichols carries.
"I can't tell you how excited I am to have McNichols back on our wheels," exclaimed Ruman. "I couldn't do what I love without their continued support. They have backed our efforts year after year, and I am going to do my best to deliver them a championship this year!"
Ruman will have her work cut out for her this weekend at the Sebring Florida Trans Am opener.
The entry list keeps climbing, currently expecting a combined 52 car field (TA, TA2, TA3 classes), with 18 entries listed for the TA class.
The Trans Am Series announced a partnership with Hoosier Racing Tire as the designated spec tire manufacturer for all three Trans Am classes.
This will be new for the Trans Am class and the TA3 class, TA2 ran on Hoosier Tires last season.
"I can't wait to get out of Ohio and into some warmer temperatures, this winter has been long and freezing!" laughed Ruman. "I'm looking forward to getting back in the car and getting down to business. My mindset and focus is clear, I want to be consistent and score good strong finishes, and by that I mean wins and going for this championship. I had a lot of tough races last year, but we're putting that behind us and charging hard this season. This year will also be a learning curve though, since we will be learning how the new Hoosier Tires will handle on our cars. I am confident we will gather a lot of data this weekend to help with future car setups and handling for the rest of the season."
Official Trans Am practices begin today at 11:10 a.m. to 11:40 a.m. and 4:35 p.m. to 5:05 p.m.
Saturday will feature a split qualifying session from 11:50 a.m. to 12:30 p.m., with TA on the track first, followed by the TA2 and TA3 classes.
The green flag will fly for the 27-lap, 100.98-mile race on Sunday at 2:35 p.m.
McNICHOLS Nationwide Service Centers is the nation's largest distributor of Perforated and Expanded Metals; Wire Mesh; Bar, Plank, and Safety Gratings; Stair Treads; Matting; and more.
For quick news and updates during race weekends, please follow Ruman Racing and the Trans Am Series on Twitter: @rumanracing and @gotransam.


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PBF Defense is cray-
right arm blocks the body
shoulder blocks face
left arm blocks face head and shoulder.
Hard to master but in time, it's a badass defense.
Add beastly body movement and handspeed and you're pretty much unhittable
Floyd is getting slower though. He did get hit pretty good a couple of times in the flurry.


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The SVL-0358A from Veilux is a Focal Length: 3.5~8MM, Aperture: 1.4~360, Mount: CS, Image Format: 1/3-inch Size: DIA 34.0 x 43.5 mm (1.34 x 1.71 in).
- Focal Length: 3.5~8mm
- Aperture: 1.4~360
- 1/3-inch Format
- CS Mounts
- Color Corrected Optics
- High Quality, Compact Design
- Fixed and Variable Focal Lengths
Found a lower price? Complete this simple form:
See any errors on this page? Let us know.


text:
Testing a misfire code (P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304) isn't hard and I'll explain some of the testing tips and techniques that are performed to get the bottom of the misfire code and misfire condition.
The info in this article applies to the GM 2.2L 4 cylinder equipped Chevrolet Cavalier, or Pontiac Sunfire, or Chevrolet Sonoma, or GMC Sonoma.
Here are the contents of this article at a quick glance:
A misfire condition, in plain English, describes an engine that is not operating on all cylinders. Now, in the case of the GM 2.2L 4 cylinder engine, if one cylinder cuts out, the engine will only output 75% of it's power... and this will cause some issues. If two or more engine cylinders are misfiring, your vehicle will not start. Here are some of the most common symptoms of a misfire condition on your GM 2.2L:
As you may already know, each cylinder needs air, fuel, and spark to produce power. If any one of these components are missing, that engine cylinder will misfire. Therefore, the fault could lie in the ignition system (which is responsible for creating spark), or in the fuel system. Now, in most cases... it's usually a lack of spark that's to blame for the misfire, but not always. Let's take a brief look at the different things that can cause your 2.2L to misfire...
Ignition System: As you're already aware, the ignition system on the GM 2.2L is composed of an ignition module, two ignition coils (that feed two cylinders with spark simultaneously), 4 spark plug wires, and 4 spark plugs. If any one of these goes BAD (and they do), then you'll end up with a misfire condition. Now, all of these can be tested to see if they are the culprits behind the misfire.
Here are the most common ignition system problems causing a misfire:
Fuel System: Here are the most common fuel system component failures:
Engine Mechanical Condition: An engine cylinder that is not producing enough compression, even it has the spark and fuel, will cause a misfire condition that will set a misfire code. Another thing that will cause a misfire (normally at idle) is vacuum leaks coming from a large vacuum hose or the Intake Manifold Gasket.
Chevrolet Vehicles:
GMC Vehicles:
Isuzu Vehicles:
Pontiac Vehicles:
"Why do they call it rush hour when nothing moves?"
Robin Williams


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Brazen_NL, on 18 September 2012 - 04:53 PM, said:
The situation is, you'd want loot bags from the mobs. Other people zerging doesn't help you, if you don't do enough damage on a certain mob before it dies you don't get credit for it, this means that: a Guardian can net 20 silver from each dynamic event while a mesmer gets 2 silver. If you farm DE at level 80 for karma and/or do a lot of DE in general, it adds up to several gold difference very fast. With the current exchange rate, that's roughly 20 dollars in a few hours simply due to profession differences.
Now you see why it's a problem?


text: Tuned to Yesterday By Mark Lavonier • May 29, 2014 ShareTwitter Facebook Google+ Email #1084, Sitcom, The Great Gildersleeve "In Love" 6/28/42 NBC, Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet "Stock Market Advice" 10/28/49 ABC Tuned To Yesterday features programs from radio's golden era. Drama, Comedy, Western, Sci-Fi and more. Produced by Mark Lavonier. Listen Listening... / 52:00 Related Program: Tuned to YesterdayTags: tuned to yesterdayold time radiopublic radioThe Great Gildersleeveadventures of ozzie and harriet Related Content Tuned to Yesterday 4 years ago View the discussion thread.


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Definition of bullion knot in English:
bullion knot
A decorative stitch in embroidery made by winding the thread several times around the needle before sewing a backstitch.
Example sentences
- This rose was stitched during a seminar that taught us how to make bullion knots and pulled stitches.
- The small fairy on the white background is stitched in split stitch and has bullion knot hair.
- For those who delight in the versatility of the bullion knot, here is a project that you will love!
For editors and proofreaders
Syllabification: bul·lion knot
Definition of bullion knot in:
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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text:
Dalton Foreaker looks like any other three year old, but when he was an infant his mom noticed the signs.
"I remember him not responding to his name when I would call him."
Dalton was diagnosed with autism at just 16 months. Siblings have a greater risk, so Casey enrolled Dalton's little brother - Jayden -- in a research study to diagnose autism earlier. There, researchers monitor Jayden's response to recorded images.
"There's some indication that in older children and adults with autism, they don't pay the same degree of attention to people as they do to the objects and things in the background," said Mark Strauss, Ph.D., Psychologist The University of Pittsburgh.
Scientists also look to see which side of an adult's face babies focus on. Human brains are wired to look to the right. Studies have shown adults with autism don't favor a side.
Researcher Jill Gilkerson is using children's voices to help identify kids who may be at risk for autism. Parents place a recording device inside the front pocket of the child's clothing.
"It records everything the child says and everything that's spoken around them."
When the recorder is sent back to the lab, this super machine uses speech recognition technology to look for patterns- such as abnormal pitch quality and rhythm -- that may indicate the child has autism. In a study of 190 children, the audio test was 89 percent accurate
"If you can identify a child before 3 years of age and start intervention, it can make a huge difference in outcome," said Jill Gilkerson, Ph.D., Director of Child Language Research at the Lena Foundation.


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Four finalists for IU East chancellor position to visit campus
Indiana University East has named four finalists in the search for a new chancellor. Finalists will visit the campus this month to meet with faculty, staff, students and community members.
Following those visits, the next step will be for the university search committee that identified the finalists to meet again and make further recommendations to President Michael A. McRobbie and Executive Vice President John Applegate. McRobbie will make the final selection, subject to approval by the IU Board of Trustees.
Read more on Four finalists for IU East chancellor position to visit campus…