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Robert A. Heinlein
Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was one of the most influential authors in the science fiction genre. He developed new themes, new techniques and approaches. He became the first science fiction writer to break into major general magazines in the late 1940s with true, undisguised science fiction, and the first bestselling novel-length science fiction in the 1960s. The major themes of his work were social: radical individualism, libertarianism, religion, the relationship between physical and emotional love, and speculation about unorthodox social and family relationships.
Table of contents
Heinlein was born in Butler, Missouri, but spent his childhood in Kansas City, Missouri. The outlook and values of this time and place would influence his later works; however, he would also break with many of its values and social mores, both in his writing and in his personal life.
After high school, Heinlein attended the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. After graduating from the Academy in 1929, he served as an officer in the United States Navy. He married his second wife, Leslyn Macdonald, in 1932. (Little is known about his first marriage.) In 1934, he was discharged from the Navy due to pulmonary tuberculosis. During his long hospitalization he mentally re-engineered the waterbed, which he later incorporated into Stranger In a Strange Land. The military was the second great influence on Heinlein; throughout his life, he strongly believed in loyalty, leadership, and other ideals associated with the military.
After his discharge, Heinlein attended a few weeks of classes in mathematics and physics at the University of California, Los Angeles, dropping out either because of his health or because of a desire to enter politics, or both. He supported himself working at a series of jobs, including real estate and silver mining. Heinlein was active in Upton Sinclair's socialist EPIC (End Poverty In California) movement in early 1930s California. When Sinclair gained the Democratic nomination for governor of California in 1934, Heinlein worked actively for the campaign (which was unsuccessful). Heinlein himself ran for the California state assembly in 1938, and was also unsuccessful (an unfortunate juxtaposition of events had Konrad Henlein making headlines in the Sudetenlands). While not destitute after the campaign—Heinlein had a small disability pension from the Navy—he turned to writing to pay off his mortgage, and in 1939 his first published story, "Life-Line", was printed in Astounding Magazine. He was planning on retiring as soon as he held his mortgage party, but wanted a new car, a trip to New York, and a few other things. He then told John Campbell, the editor of Astounding, that he was planning to quit. He made an agreement to send a few stories he had on tap but that he would quit writing when Campbell bounced a story. When Campbell bounced a story, Heinlein quit and started to feel unwell. He became jittery and absent-minded, suffered loss of appetite, weight loss, and insomnia. He thought this might be the onset of a third attack of pulmonary tuberculosis. Campbell eventually dropped him a note, and when reminded of the conditions, said he would take another look at the story. He did so and asked for some very minor edits. When Heinlein sat down to do those edits, he suddenly felt better.
Heinlein rapidly became acknowledged as a leader of the new movement toward "sociological" science fiction. He began fitting his early published stories into a consistent Future History (the chart for which Campbell published in the May 1941 issue of Astounding).
During WWII he served with the Navy in aeronautical engineering, recruiting the young Isaac Asimov and L. Sprague de Camp to work directly for the Naval Aircraft Factory. As the war wore down in 1945, he began reevaluating his career. The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the outbreak of the Cold War galvanized him to write nonfiction on political topics, and he wanted to break into better-paying markets. He published four influential stories for the Saturday Evening Post, leading off with "The Green Hills of Earth" in February 1947, which made him the first science fiction writer to break out of the pulp ghetto. Destination Moon, the documentary-like film for which he had written story, scenario, and script, and invented many of the effects, won an Academy Award for Special Effects. He also embarked on a series of juvenile novels for Scribner's that was to last through the 1950's. Heinlein was divorced from his wife Leslyn in 1947, and in 1948 married his third wife, Virginia "Ginny" Gerstenfeld, who probably served as a model for many of his brainy and independent female characters.
Heinlein's juvenile novels may have turned out the most important work he ever did, building an audience of scientifically and socially-aware adults. He had used topical materials throughout his series, but his juvenile for 1959, Starship Troopers, was regarded by the Scribner's editorial staff as too controversial for their prestige line and was rejected summarily. Heinlein felt himself released from the constraints of writing for children and began to write "my own stuff, my own way," and came out with a series of challenging books that redrew the boundaries of science fiction, including Stranger In a Strange Land (1961), which is his best-known work, and The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress (1966), which many regard as his finest novel.
Beginning in 1970, however, Heinlein had a series of health crises, punctuated by strenuous work. The decade began with a life-threatening attack of peritonitis, recovery from which required more than two years. But as soon as he was well enough to write, he began his most technically ambitious work to date, Time Enough for Love (1973). In the mid-1970's he wrote two well-regarded Encyclopedia Britannica articles (on Paul Dirac and antimatter and on blood chemistry). He and his wife Virginia criss-crossed the country helping to reorganize blood collection in the U.S., and he was guest of honor at a World Science Fiction Convention for the third time at Kansas City in 1976. He became exhausted, his health began declining again, and he had one of the earliest heart bypass operations in 1978. Asked to appear before a Joint Committee of the House and Senate that year, he testified on his belief that spinoffs from space technology were benefitting the infirm and the elderly.
His brush with death re-energized Heinlein, and he wrote five novels from 1980 until he passed away in his sleep on May 8, 1988, as he was putting together the early notes for his sixth World As Myth novel.
Heinlein continues to have an active commercial life decades after his death: Several of his works were published posthumously, including a selection of letters edited by his wife, Virginia, and his book on practical politics written in 1946, a travelogue of their first around-the-world tour in 1954, and restored versions of two novels edited unacceptably in their original release. In 2004, his first novel, For Us, The Living, long thought destroyed, was recovered and published, revealing how very much of his late social and political philosophy was present in his radical political days. An experimental novelization of an outline and notes created by Heinlein in 1958 is now being written by Spider Robinson.
Early work, 1939–1960
Heinlein's first novel was For Us, The Living: A Comedy of Customs, written in 1939 and not published until 64 years later, after a copy was discovered in the garage of Michael Hunter, who had been assigned to write about Heinlein as a student. Although a failure as a novel, being little more than a disguised lecture on Heinlein's social theories, it is intriguing as a window into the development of Heinlein's radical ideas about man as a social animal, including free love. It appears that Heinlein at least attempted to live in a manner consistent with these ideals, even in the 1930s, and had an open relationship in his marriage to his second wife, Leslyn. (He was also a nudist; nudism and body taboos are frequently discussed in his work. At the height of the cold war, he built a bomb shelter under his house, like the one featured in Farnham's Freehold.)
After For Us, The Living, he began writing novels and short stories set in a consistent future history, complete with a timeline of significant political, cultural, and technological changes. A large portion of his work during the period from 1939 to 1961 consisted of juvenile novels. Some representative novels of this type are Have Space Suit—Will Travel, Farmer in the Sky, and The Rolling Stones. Many of these were first published in serial form under other titles, e.g., Farmer in the Sky was published as "Satellite Scout" in the Boy Scout magazine Boy's Life. There has been speculation that his intense obsession with his privacy was due at least in part to the apparent contradiction between his unconventional private life and his career as an author of books for children, but For Us, The Living also explicitly discusses the political importance Heinlein attached to privacy as a matter of principle.
Heinlein originally wrote his first published book, Rocket Ship Galileo, because a boy's book was solicited by a major publisher. The publisher rejected it because 'a trip to the moon was preposterous.' He took the manuscript to Scribner's, who bought it—and started a chain of options resulting in a yearly Christmas trade book. This agreement lasted for twelve years, until the editor (who hated science fiction) rejected a manuscript, which Heinlein then took across the street and for which he later won a Hugo. Many readers may not realize that some of Heinlein's apparently clichéd ideas, such as the voyage to the moon in Rocket Ship Galileo, were considered surprising at the time, and in fact helped to create the clichés in the first place. Another good example from this period is The Puppet Masters, which originated the idea of aliens taking over humans' bodies, as in Invasion of the Body Snatchers.
The novels that he wrote for a young audience are a fascinating mixture of adolescent and adult themes. Many of the issues that he takes on in these books have to do with the kinds of problems that adolescents experience. His protagonists are usually very intelligent teenagers who have to make a way in the adult society they see around them. On the surface, they are simple tales of adventure, achievement, and dealing with dumb teachers and jealous peers. However, Heinlein was outspoken with editors and publishers (and other writers) on the notion that juvenile readers were far more sophisticated and able to handle complex or difficult themes than most people realized. Thus even his juvenile stories often had a maturity to them that make them readable for adults. Indeed, his last "juvenile" novel was Starship Troopers, which is also probably his most controversial work. Starship Troopers was written in response to unilaterally stopping nuclear testing. Even a relatively innocent book such as Red Planet portrays some very subversive themes, including a revolution by young students modeled on the American Revolution; his editor demanded substantial changes in this book's discussion of topics such as the use of weapons by adolescents and the confused sexuality of the Martian character.
Mature work, 1961–1973
From about 1961 (Stranger in a Strange Land) to 1973 (Time Enough for Love) Heinlein wrote his most characteristic and fully developed novels. His work during this floruit explored his most important themes, such as individualism, libertarianism, and physical and emotional love. To some extent, the apparent discrepancy between these works and the more naïve themes of his earlier novels can be attributed to his own perception, which was probably correct, that readers and publishers in the 1950s were not yet ready for some of his more radical ideas. He did not publish Stranger in a Strange Land until long after it was written, and the themes of free love and radical individualism are prominently featured in his long-unpublished first novel, For Us, the Living. The story that Stranger in a Strange Land was used as inspiration by Charles Manson appears to be an urban folk tale; although some of Manson's followers had read the book, Manson himself later said that he had not. It is true that other individuals formed a quasi-religious organization called the Church Of All Worlds, after the religion founded by the primary characters in Stranger, but Heinlein had nothing to do with this, either, so far as is known.
Later work, 1980–1987
After a seven-year hiatus brought on by poor health, Heinlein produced a number of new novels in the period from 1980 (The Number of the Beast) to 1987 (To Sail Beyond the Sunset). These novels are controversial among his readers. Some feel that many of them were not up to the quality of his earlier work. The books sold well, however, and won a number of awards; many readers believe that those who criticize them are missing their irony and self-conscious parodying of both science fiction and literature in general.
Some of these books, such as The Number of the Beast and The Cat Who Walks Through Walls, start out as tightly constructed adventure stories, but devolve into philosophical fantasias at the end. It is a matter of opinion whether this demonstrates a lack of craftsmanship or a conscious effort to expand the boundaries of science fiction into a kind of magical realism, continuing the process of literary exploration that he had begun with Stranger in a Strange Land.
The tendency toward authorial self-referentialism begun in Stranger in a Strange Land and Time Enough For Love becomes even more evident in novels such as The Cat Who Walks Through Walls, whose first-person protagonist is a disabled military veteran who becomes a writer, and finds love with a female character who, like all of Heinlein's strong female characters, appears to be based closely on his wife Ginny. The self-parodying element of these books keeps them from bogging down by taking themselves too seriously, but may also fail to evoke the desired effect in readers who are not familiar with Heinlein's earlier novels.
Ideas and themes
Heinlein's writing may appear to have oscillated wildly across the political spectrum. His first novel, For Us, The Living, consists largely of speeches advocating the social credit system, and the early story "Misfit" deals with an organization which seems to be Roosevelt's Civilian Conservation Corps translated into outer space. Stranger in a Strange Land was embraced by the hippie counterculture, and Glory Road can be read as an antiwar piece, while Starship Troopers has been deemed militaristic, and To Sail Beyond the Sunset, published during the Reagan administration, is stridently right-wing, with, e.g., the sympathetically portrayed first-person character referring to illegal immigrants as "wetbacks." In another example, another of his sympathetic leads refers to homosexuals as "the poor in-betweeners," an offhand comment that has even drawn fire from Heinlein's admitted hagiographer, Spider Robinson.
There are, however, certain threads in Heinlein's political thought that remain constant. He was strongly committed to libertarianism, as expressed most eloquently in The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress. His early juvenile novels often contain a surprisingly strong antiauthoritarian message, as in his first published novel Rocket Ship Galileo, which has a group of boys blasting off in a rocket ship in defiance of a court order. In The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress, the unjust Lunar Authority that controls the lunar colony is usually referred to simply as "Authority", which leads to an obvious interpretation of the book as a parable for the evils of authority in general, rather than the evils of one particular authority.
In contrast to the Christian right, Heinlein was opposed to any encroachment of religion into government, and pilloried organized religion in Job, A Comedy of Justice, and, with more subtlety and ambivalence, in Stranger in a Strange Land. His future history includes a period called the Interregnum, in which a backwoods revivalist becomes dictator of the United States. Positive descriptions of the military (Between Planets, Red Planet, Starship Troopers) tend to emphasize the individual actions of volunteers in the spirit of the Minutemen, while the draft and the military as an extension of government are portrayed with skepticism in Time Enough for Love and Glory Road.
Despite Heinlein's work with the socialist EPIC and social credit movements in his early life, he was an ardent lifelong anticommunist. In the political world of the 1930s, there was no perceived contradiction between being a socialist and being passionately anticommunist. George Orwell had similar views, and Animal Farm is in this vein. Heinlein's nonfiction includes "Who are the heirs of Patrick Henry?," an anticommunist polemic, published as an ad, and articles such as "'Pravda' Means 'Truth'" and "Inside Intourist," in which he recounts his visit to the U.S.S.R. and advises western readers on how to evade official supervision on such a trip.
Many of Heinlein's stories explicitly spell out a view of history which could be compared to Marx's: social structures are dictated by the materialistic environment. Heinlein would perhaps have been more comfortable with a comparison with Turner's frontier thesis. In Red Planet, Doctor MacRae links attempts at gun control to the increase in population density on Mars. (This discussion was edited out of the original version of the book at the insistence of the publisher.) In Farmer in the Sky, overpopulation of Earth has led to hunger, but emigration to Ganymede only provides a "life insurance policy" for the species as a whole; Heinlein puts a lecture in the mouth of one of his characters toward the end of the book in which it is explained that the mathematical logic of Malthusianism can lead only to disaster for the home planet. A subplot in Time Enough for Love involves demands by farmers upon Lazarus Long's bank, which Heinlein portrays as the inevitable tendency of a pioneer society evolving into a more dense (and, by implication, more decadent and less free) society. This episode is an interesting example of Heinlein's tendency (in opposition to Marx) to view history as cyclical rather than progressive. Another good example of this is The Moon is a Harsh Mistress, in which a revolution deposes the Authority, but immediately thereafter, the new government falls prey to the inevitable tendency to legislate people's personal lives, despite the attempts of one of the characters, who describes himself as a "rational anarchist".
Heinlein grew up in the era of racial segregation in the United States and wrote some of his most influential fiction at the height of the U.S. civil rights movement. Race was sometimes an important topic in his work. The most prominent example is Farnham's Freehold, which casts a white family into a future in which white people are the slaves of African rulers. Heinlein enjoyed challenging his readers' possible racial stereotypes by introducing strong, sympathetic characters, only to reveal much later that they were of African descent, e.g., in The Cat Who Walks Through Walls, Tunnel in the Sky,[1] and Friday. The Moon is a Harsh Mistress and Podkayne of Mars both contain incidents of racial prejudice or injustice against their protagonists.[2] In the context of science fiction before the 1960s, the mere existence of dark-skinned characters is a remarkable novelty; in the science fiction genre of that era, green occurred more often than brown. Heinlein repeatedly denounces racism in his non-fiction works, including numerous examples in Expanded Universe.
Asian civilization is sometimes treated negatively in Heinlein's work, as in his 1949 novel Sixth Column, in which the U.S. defends itself against invasion using a ray that only kills people with "asiatic blood;" the idea for the story was pushed on Heinlein by editor John W. Campbell, and he was apparently embarrassed by the story later in his life. Tunnel in the Sky and Farmer in the Sky both contain negative depictions of overpopulation in Asia. Heinlein did include sympathetic Asian characters in his later works.[3] Some readers may mistake Heinlein's dislike of Communist China for a dislike of Asians. On an individual basis Heinlein's Asian characters are neither all good nor all bad. Each is dealt with on an individual basis, consistent with the theme of radical individualism.
Individualism and self-determination
Many of Heinlein's novels are stories of revolts against political oppression, e.g.,
- Residents of a Lunar penal colony, aided by a self-aware computer, rebel against the Warden and Lunar Authority (and eventually Earth) in The Moon is a Harsh Mistress
- colonists rebel against Earth in Between Planets and Red Planet
- Secularists overthrow religious dictatorship in "If This Goes On"
But in keeping with his belief in individualism, his more sophisticated work for adults often portrays both the oppressors and the oppressed with considerable ambiguity. In Farnham's Freehold, the protagonist's son allows himself to be castrated in order to gain security. In The Star Beast and Glory Road, absolute monarchs are depicted positively. In The Moon is a Harsh Mistress, prerevolutionary life under the Lunar Authority is portrayed as a kind of anarchist or libertarian utopia; projections of economic disaster are the only justification for the revolution, which brings with it the evils of republican government. Novels such as Stranger in a Strange Land and Friday revolve around individuals' rebellions against oppression by society rather than by government. The common thread, then, is the struggle for self-determination of individuals, rather than of nations. The ability of the individual to create himself is explored deeply in stories such as I Will Fear No Evil, and By His Bootstraps. We are invited to wonder, what would humanity be if we shaped customs to our benefit, and not the other way around? How would our humanity be expressed if we did not develop under the soul-squashing influence of culture? We would be individuals. We would have self-made souls.
As in the work of other authors, in Heinlein's work there is little clear distinction between the themes of his work and the sort of philosophical views that he propagated.
In his book To Sail Beyond the Sunset, Heinlein has the main character, Maureen, state that the purpose of metaphysics is to ask questions: Why are we here? Where are we going after we die? (and so on), and that you are not allowed to answer the questions. Asking the questions is the point for metaphysics, but answering them is not, because once you answer them, you cross the line into religion.
Maureen does not state a reason for this; she simply remarks that such questions are "beautiful" but lack answers. The implication seems to be as follows: because (as Heinlein held) deductive reasoning is strictly tautological (i.e., never generates conclusions that were not already presumed in the premises) and because inductive reasoning is always subject to doubt, the only source of reliable "answers" to such questions is direct experience—which we don't have.
Maureen's son/lover Lazarus Long makes a related remark in Time Enough For Love. In order for us to answer the "big questions" about the universe, Lazarus states at one point, it would be necessary to stand outside the universe. (It is not quite clear why this should be so, but at any rate this is what Lazarus says. The usual warnings about mistaking a character's views for those of the author apply here, of course, but this opinion seems fairly easy to tie into Heinlein's own views as expressed in nonfiction and interviews.)
During the 1930s and 1940s, Heinlein was deeply interested in Alfred Korzybski's General Semantics and attended a number of seminars on the subject. His views on epistemology seem to have flowed from that interest, and (some of) his fictional characters continue to express Korzybskian views to the very end of his writing career.
Among many other awards, he was the first to receive the Grand Master Nebula of the Science Fiction Writers of America. He is also the only writer to have received seven Hugo Awards, four during his life — Double Star (1956), Starship Troopers (1959), Stranger In a Strange Land (1961), and The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (1966) — and three Retro-Hugos awarded posthumously in 2001, for work published in 1950: Best Novel, Farmer in the Sky, Best Novella, "The Man Who Sold the Moon," and Best Film, Destination Moon).
Heinlein's fictional works can be found in the library under Library of Congress PS3515.E288, or under Dewey 813.54.
Known aliases include Anson MacDonald and Lyle Monroe.
Early Heinlein novels
- For Us, The Living: A Comedy of Customs (1939)
- Methuselah's Children (1941)
- Beyond This Horizon (1942)
- Sixth Column aka The Day After Tomorrow (1949)
- The Puppet Masters (1951)
- Double Star (1956) (Hugo Award, 1956)
- The Door into Summer (1957)
- Stranger in a Strange Land (original version, published in 1991)
- Stranger in a Strange Land (1961) (Hugo Award, 1962)
- Glory Road (1963)
- Farnham's Freehold (1965)
- The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (1966) (Hugo Award, 1967)
Juvenile novels
- Rocket Ship Galileo (1947)
- Space Cadet (1948)
- Red Planet (1949)
- Farmer in the Sky (1950) (Retro Hugo Award, 1951)
- Between Planets (1951)
- The Rolling Stones (1952)
- Starman Jones (1953)
- The Star Beast (1954)
- Tunnel in the Sky (1955)
- Time for the Stars (1956)
- Citizen of the Galaxy (1957)
- Have Space Suit—Will Travel (1958)
- Starship Troopers (1959) (Hugo Award, 1960)
- Podkayne of Mars (1963)
Late Heinlein novels
- I Will Fear No Evil (1970)
- Time Enough For Love (1973)
- The Number of the Beast (1980)
- Friday (1982)
- Job: A Comedy of Justice (1984)
- The Cat Who Walks Through Walls (1985)
- To Sail Beyond the Sunset (1987)
Short fiction
"Future History" short fiction
- Life-Line (1939)
- Misfit (1939)
- The Roads Must Roll (1940)
- Requiem (1940)
- "If This Goes On" (1940)
- Coventry (1940)
- Blowups Happen (1940)
- Solution Unsatisfactory (1940)
- Universe (1941)
- We Also Walk Dogs (1941)
- Common Sense (1941)
- Methuselah's Children (1941)
- Logic of Empire (1941)
- Space Jockey (1947)
- It's Great to Be Back! (1947)
- The Green Hills of Earth (1947)
- Ordeal in Space (1948)
- The Long Watch (1948)
- Gentlemen, Be Seated (1948)
- The Black Pits of Luna (1948)
- Delilah and the Space Rigger (1949)
- The Man Who Sold the Moon (Retro Hugo Award, 1951)
Other short fiction
- Waldo (1940)
- They (1941)
- "�And He Built a Crooked House�" (1941)
- By His Bootstraps (1941)
- Lost Legacy (1941)
- Elsewhen (1941)
- The Unpleasant Profession of Jonathan Hoag (1942)
- Magic, Inc. (1942)
- Jerry Was a Man (1947)
- Our Fair City (1948)
- Gulf (1949)
- The Menace From Earth (1957)
- The Man Who Traveled in Elephants (1957)
- "�All_You_Zombies�" (1959)
- Searchlight (1962)
- Free Men (1966)
- The Man Who Sold the Moon (1950)
- Waldo & Magic, Inc. (1950)
- The Green Hills of Earth (1951)
- Orphans of the Sky (1951)
- Assignment in Eternity (1953)
- Revolt in 2100 (1953)
- The Robert Heinlein Omnibus (1958)
- The Menace from Earth (1959)
- The Unpleasant Profession of Jonathan Hoag (1959)
- Three by Heinlein (1965)
- A Robert Heinlein Omnibus (1966)
- The Worlds of Robert A. Heinlein (1966)
- The Past Through Tomorrow (1967)
- The Best of Robert A. Heinlein (1973)
- Expanded Universe (1980)
- A Heinlein Trio (Doubleday,1980) – The Puppet Masters, Double Star, and The Door Into Summer
- The Fantasies of Robert A. Heinlein (1999)
- Grumbles from the Grave (1989)
- Take Back Your Government: A Practical Handbook for the Private Citizen (1992)
- Tramp Royale (1992)
- The Notebooks of Lazarus Long illuminated by D.F Vassallo (1978)
- Fate's Trick by Matt Costello (1988)
- Requiem: New Collected Works by Robert A. Heinlein and Tributes to the Grand Master (1992)
- Destination Moon (book Rocket Ship Galileo) (screenplay) (technical advisor) (1950) IMDb (Retro Hugo Award, 1951)
- Tom Corbett, Space Cadet (1950) (book Space Cadet) IMDb
- Project Moon Base (1953) IMDb
- The Brain Eaters (book The Puppet Masters) (uncredited) (1959) IMDb
- Red Planet TV mini-series (book) (1994) IMDb
- Robert A. Heinlein's The Puppet Masters (book) (1994) IMDb
- Starship Troopers (book) (1997) IMDb
- Roughnecks: The Starship Troopers Chronicles TV series (1999) IMDb
See also: List of Robert Heinlein characters
External links
- The Heinlein Society
- Robert A. Heinlein, Grandmaster of Science Fiction
- Internet Book Database of Fiction bibliography
- Good bibliography, essays, news, links, etc.
- Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award
- Robert & Virginia Heinlein Prize
- Robert A. Heinlein, A Biographical Sketch
- Heinlein in Dimension by Alexei Panshin (online edition)
Further reading
- H. Bruce Franklin. 1980. Robert A. Heinlein: America as Science Fiction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 195027469.
- Tom Shippey. "Starship Troopers, Galactic Heroes, Mercenary Princes: the Military and its Discontents in Science Fiction", in Alan Sandison and Robert Dingley, ed.s, Histories of the Future: Studies in Fact, Fantasy and Science Fiction. 2000. New York: Palgrave. ISBN 0312236042.
- Alexei Panshin. 1968. Heinlein in Dimension. Advent. ISBN 0911682120.
- ^ The reference in Tunnel in the Sky is subtle and ambiguous, but at least one college instructor who teaches the book reports that some students always ask, "Is he black?" The Cat Who Walks Through Walls was published with a dust jacket painting showing the protagonist as pale-skinned, although the book clearly states that he is of African descent; this was also true of the paperback release of Friday.
- ^ The Moon is a Harsh Mistress includes an incident in which the protagonist visits the Southern U.S., and is briefly jailed for polygamy, later learning that the "...range of color in Davis family was what got judge angry enough..." to have him arrested. Podkayne of Mars deals briefly with racial prejudice against the protagonist due to her mixed-race ancestry.
- ^ e.g., "Tiger" Kondo in The Cat Who Walks Through Walls — a cameo appearance by Yoji Kondo, a NASA scientist of Heinlein's acquaintance who also edited the tribute volume Requiem
Categories: 1907 births | 1988 deaths | Nebula Grand Masters | Robert Heinlein | Science fiction writers | U.S. Navy officers


text:
By John Previsich, UTU Assistant President/ GS&T – Discipline in the railroad industry is a curious business. I recall that when I first hired out, I was proud of my new employment. The railroad had selected me over other well-qualified applicants, and I was sent to school and provided extensive on-the-job training before being allowed to […]
You are here: Home / Archives for discipline
They hire you, then work to fire you
January 8, 2013
Filed Under: Leadership Messages, News, Recent Updates, Top Story Tagged With: discipline, John Previsich
UTU DIPP: Above all, 'peace of mind'
August 14, 2010
By General Secretary & Treasurer Kim Thompson We are all familiar with employers imposing unwarranted discipline and even dismissal on employees. A member survey by the UTU's Rail Safety Task Force revealed that more than 50 percent of train, engine and yard workers cite supervisor harassment and excessive operational testing as distracting them from situational […]
Filed Under: Amtrak/Commuter, Amtrak/Commuter News, Aviation, Bus, Bus News, Leadership Messages, News, Secretary & Treasurer Tagged With: DIPP, discipline, discipline income protection program, dismissal, Rail Safety Task Force

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Queens Of the Stone Age Burn The Witch Lyrics
Last updated: 12/17/2010 11:00:00 AM
Holding hands
Skipping like a stone
On our way
To see what we have done
The first to speak
Is the first to lie
The children cross
Their hearts & hope to die
Bite your tongue
Swear to keep your mouth shut
Ask yourself
Will i burn in Hell?
Then write it down
& cast it in the well
There they are
The mob it cries for blood
To twist the tale
Into fire wood
Fan the flames
With a little lie
Then turn your cheek
Until the fire dies
The skin it peels
Like the truth, away
What it was
I will never say...
Haaahh (oohhhh-oohhhh)Haaahh (oohhhh-ohhhh)
Bite your tongue, swear to keep
Keep your mouth shut
Make up something
Make up something good...
(guitar solo)
Holding hands
Skipping like a stone
Burn the witch
Burn to ash & bone
Burn the witch
Burn to ash & bone
Burn the witch
Burn to ash & bone
(hooooooo, ooohhhhh, hooooooo, oooohhhhhhhh)
Thanks to The Witch U Burned 2 A Crisp for submitting Burn The Witch Lyrics.
Click here to submit the Corrections of Burn The Witch Lyrics


text:
My apologies to everyone on this issue. The IDE socket of the JMB363
works (I've been using it for while now with CF cards) - it's just that
the SATA ATAPI features of the chipset apparently aren't supported yet.
I did an update after Soren's latest ata patches, and I noticed that
there's a warning message about the chipset's lack of SATA ATAPI support
in dmesg just after the chipset is detected.
Allow me to feel stupid for a minute, for not seeing this earlier.
I am not sure if SATA hard drives now work in IDE mode on this chipset
yet. All I know is that my SATA DVD combo drive doesn't work in it no
matter what mode the chipset is in (IDE or AHCI).
So now my question now is - will the JMB363 SATA ports get any SATA
ATAPI support before RELEASE?
In the meantime, I'll plug my DVD drive into my Promise card - and while
I'm at it, I'll test to see if the Promise cards are working again.
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Irving v. Lipstadt
Holocaust Denial on Trial, Trial Transcripts, Day 17: Electronic Edition
Pages 76 - 80 of 214
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1 MR RAMPTON: I think it is in the main bundle now.
2 MR JUSTICE GRAY: If Greiser's letter is there too, then
3I would quite like a reference to that at the same time.
4 MR IRVING: Do you have the actual document in front of you?
5 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Just a moment. Let us catch up..
6 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] No, I do not.
7 MR RAMPTON: One starts at page 92 of the new Browning file
8which is Greiser's letter.
9 MR JUSTICE GRAY: You tell me about a new Browning file. I
10feel I am the last to know about it.
11 MR RAMPTON: Tab 7, I am sorry.
12 MR IRVING: My Lord, meanwhile I can tell you what I am aiming
13at here.
14 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Let us pause a little, Mr Irving. You have
15to be patient with us.
16 MR RAMPTON: Then the motor pool letter, the 97,000, is on the
17following page, I hope, 93 to 97.
18 MR JUSTICE GRAY: I think I may have misunderstood. Are we in
19tab 7 of L1.
20 MR RAMPTON: Tab 7 of L1.
21 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Page 97.
22 MR RAMPTON: Starting at page 92, that is Greiser to Himmler of
231st May in a printed form. We have not got a copy of the
25 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Yes. And the other one, Mr Rampton?
26 MR RAMPTON: Then the very next page, 93, is the 97,000 letter
1of 5th June 1942.
2 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Thank you.
3 MR IRVING: I am just going to wave one little flag about the
4document's oddities. This is the document containing the
597,000 figure, correct?
6 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] Correct.
7 Q. [Mr Irving] Do you see at the top it says "Einzigste Ausfertigung" in
9 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] Yes.
10 Q. [Mr Irving] Have you ever seen that designation on a document anywhere
11else in your entire archival experience?
12 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] I do not recall seeing it.
13 Q. [Mr Irving] Yes. "Einzigste Ausfertigung" which means the "onlyest"
15 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] Yes, the motor pool sergeants were not terribly literate.
16 Q. [Mr Irving] I take that point. Can you see that the document begins
17with the sentence: Beispielsweise, for example? The very
18first sentence in the document.
19 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] Yes, it says, "seit December", yes.
20 MR JUSTICE GRAY: I am sorry, I have not got that. Where are
22 MR IRVING: In the very first sentence of the document, my
24 MR JUSTICE GRAY: "Seit December".
25 MR IRVING: The one with 97,000 figure in it.
26 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Since December.
1 MR IRVING: No. The word I am looking at is "Beispielsweise".
2It is a letter beginning with the phrase, for example,
3"Beispielsweise", it is just lifted out of the middle of
4nowhere. Have you ever received a letter from somebody
5beginning with the word "Beispielsweise",
6Professor Browning?
7 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] No.
8 Q. [Mr Irving] Or "for example"?
9 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] But I think to have to realize Mr Schuss was not a college
10graduate, that these are people who are working in the
11motor pool in Berlin, and that the tone, as I see it, is
12someone who is trying to emulate what he thinks is proper
13bureaucratic German and he in fact is someone is not a
14bureaucrat, he is a mechanic.
15 Q. [Mr Irving] He was not stupid because, as you say, he was the only one
16who was not punished in this entire horrible affair.
17 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] You have to remember that "Beispielweise" comes after the
18subject, which is they are talking about technical
20 Q. [Mr Irving] Yes.
21 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] I presume that this is a result of a conversation people
22have had, there has been a meeting.
23 Q. [Mr Irving] Yes.
24 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] And someone has said, write it up.
25 Q. [Mr Irving] OK.
26 A. [Professor Christopher Robert Browning] We get a very ----
1 Q. [Mr Irving] Can you do a rough calculation of how many people were
2being killed per van per day?
3 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Just pause, Mr Irving. If I may say so, you
4must just let me absorb the points you are making.
5 MR IRVING: I am just planting suspicion.
6 MR JUSTICE GRAY: You are casting doubt on this, partly because
7it has "Einsigste Ausfertigung" on the top and
8I understand that, but I am not sure I am really following
9your point on "Beispielsweise".
10 MR IRVING: It is an unusual turn of phrase to start a letter
11with, my Lord.
12 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Why is it unusual? He is picking three
13trucks, is he not, to give an example of the sort of
14numbers that are being processed if that is the right
15word, in the special trucks.
16 MR IRVING: I agree, my Lord, but you would normally expect
17that in the second paragraph of a letter. In the first
18paragraph he says, well, we are going to have troubles
19doing this, that and the other, troubles with the trucks,
20the exhaust hoses are getting corroded and all the rest of
21it, for example, but in fact his letter begins with the
22word "for example". This is the oddity about it. But I
23can do no more than ----
24 MR JUSTICE GRAY: You rely on that as an indication that this
25is not an authentic document?
26 MR IRVING: I am trying to plant a seed of suspicion in your
1Lordship's mind, that is all.
2 MR JUSTICE GRAY: You are not succeeding at the moment because
3I would have thought, if you are trying to create a
4document that is going to deceive anybody, you would not
5do what you say is something obviously inappropriate,
6which is to refer to an example in the first paragraph.
7 MR IRVING: It would be improper for me to do anything else.
8Mr Rampton will object if I do anything else because
9I have already stated that I fully accept that this
10document refers to the homicide of large numbers of human
11beings in gas vans.
12 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Where are we going?
13 MR IRVING: We are going to look at the number, my Lord, the
15 MR JUSTICE GRAY: So you accept this is an authentic document?
16 MR IRVING: For the purposes of this morning, yes.
17 MR RAMPTON: I do have to know sooner or later, and so does
18your Lordship, whether Mr Irving accepts for the purposes
19of this trial that this is an authentic document. If it
20is a forgery, we need to know why he says it is a forgery.
21 MR JUSTICE GRAY: You do not say it is a forgery?
22 MR IRVING: No.
23 MR JUSTICE GRAY: Then we can forget about Beispielsweise, can
24we not?
25 MR IRVING: But it also helps to address the court's attention
26to the fact whether this witness had competently
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SLOVYANSK, Ukraine -- As Western governments vowed to impose more sanctions against Russia and its supporters in eastern Ukraine, a group of foreign military observers remained in captivity Saturday accused of being NATO spies by a pro-Russian insurgency.
The German-led, eight-member team was traveling under the auspices of the Organization of Security and Cooperation in Europe when they were detained Friday.
Vyacheslav Ponomarev, the self-proclaimed "people's mayor" of Slovyansk, described the detained observers as "captives" and said that they were officers from NATO member states.
"As we found maps on them containing information about the location of our checkpoints, we get the impression that they are officers carrying out a certain spying mission," Ponomarev said, adding they could be released in exchange for jailed pro-Russian activists.
Outside Slovyansk, a city about 90 miles west of Russia, Ukraine government forces continued operations to form a security cordon as it attempts to quell unrest threatening to derail the planned May 25 presidential election.
The U.S. and other nations in the Group of Seven said in a joint statement released Friday night by the White House that they plan to impose additional economic sanctions on Russia in response to its actions in Ukraine. The West has accused Russia of using covert forces to encourage unrest in Ukraine and says Moscow has done nothing to pressure pro-Russian militias to free police stations and government buildings in at least 10 cities across the region.
Condemning Russia's earlier annexation of Ukraine's Crimea Peninsula, the G-7 said: "We will now follow through on the full legal and practical consequences of this illegal annexation, including but not limited to the economic, trade and financial areas."
The European Union is also planning more sanctions, and ambassadors from the bloc's 28 member nations will meet Monday in Brussels to add to the list of Russian officials and pro-Russian leaders in Ukraine who have been sanctioned with asset freezes and a travel ban.
The foreign military observer team detained by pro-Russian forces was made up of three German soldiers, a German translator and one soldier each from Czech Republic, Poland, Sweden and Denmark. Germany's Defense Ministry said the team also included five Ukrainians.
Tim Guldimann, the OSCE's special envoy for Ukraine, told German public radio WDR on Saturday that "efforts are being made to solve this issue." He declined to elaborate.
Acting prime minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk warned Friday that Russia "is keen to start World War III."
On Saturday, Yatsenyuk traveled to Rome to meet with Pope Francis and Italian Premier Matteo Renzi. Francis gave Yatsenyuk a fountain pen, telling him, "I hope that you write 'peace' with this pen."
Yatsenyuk replied: "I hope so, too."
In a briefing with reporters, he lashed out at Moscow, saying Russian military aircraft violated Ukrainian air space late on Friday.
"The only reason is to provoke Ukraine to strike a missile and to accuse Ukraine of waging a war to Russia," he said, and asked Russia "not to provoke and not to support Russian-led terrorists ... in eastern and southern Ukraine. We ask Russia to leave us alone."
The Russian Defense Ministry denied claims, first raised by the U.S. on Friday, that its aircraft had crossed the border with Ukraine, a spokesman told state news agencies on Saturday.


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Wigan Athletic Message Board
has heskey got a cauliflower #$%$?
never known a player spend more time on his #$%$ than heskey.
as one pundit once said, "if he has a choice of staying on his feet or going to ground, he hits the ground".
absolute waste of a human life.
call the vet and get the donkey put down.
useless player, total waster.Sort: Newest | Oldest | Most Replied Expand all replies
Strewth, ianst.john....You found out what we at Birmingham found out before you. Heskey is a donkey. Sorry about offloading him onto you, but he'll be gone soon IF (note the if) you go down. He actually thinks he's a footballer you know. How misguided can people get!
Thank goodness Wigan bought Heskey - now we (Birmingham)score goals!
Birmingham supporter
he was at it again yesterday against the arsholes.
mind you, they were doing it too.
- 2 Replies to ian s
A Yahoo! User May 14, 2007 03:33 Flag
Man of the match against Sheffield Utd and 2 goals against Chelsea earlier in the season- scares the daylights out of many defences. Now to get some quality around him


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The Euro strengthened from its lowest levels in nearly a year after Germany's Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble stated that ECB president Draghis' comments regarding fiscal policy were "over –interpreted." The currency's modest advance comes ahead of tomorrow's schedule release of German consumer price inflation, which is predicted to bolster the case for added ECB stimulus. The CAD also gained some ground against the USD on news of cross-border M&A (Burger King's announcement that it agreed to purchase Tim Horton's Inc.)
Separately, on the political front, Russian President Vladimir Putin stated that talks with his Ukrainian counterpart for a resolution to separatist fighting were "positive." Additionally, Israel and Hamas have indicated they accepted an Egyptian-brokered cease-fire ending the seven week long conflict in the Gaza Strip.
Today's Events• French manufacturing confidence was in line with expectations while business confidence came in below expectations.• German consumer confidence as measured by GfK was worse than expected at 8.6 vs. estimates of 8.9.• U.S. mortgage applications rose by 2.8% for the week ended August 22nd, better than expected.• The ECB appointed BlackRock Inc. to serve as an advisor for the development of a program to purchase asset backed securities as a form of quantitative easing.• The Congressional Budget Office has increased its estimated budget deficit for 2014 due to lower projections for tax receipts as a result of weaker than expected growth in the first half of the year.
Looking Ahead08/28 EUR: Economic, Consumer, Industrial, Services Confidence Reports (Aug.)08/28 USD: 2Q GDP Report, 2nd Revision08/29 EUR: CPI (Aug.); Unemployment Rate (July)08/29 CAD: GDP (Q2)09/01 JPY: Capital Spending (Q2 Y/Y)09/01 GBP: Money Supply (July)09/02 EUR: Producer Price Index (July)09/02 USD: Construction Spending (July)09/03 EUR: Eurozone PMI (August)09/03 EUR: Eurozone Retail Sales (July)
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Cleo Marie, for whom our wine is named, was a gray tabby kitten when she came to the vineyard.
From the start, she always accompanied us to the vineyard and she especially liked to sit on top of the poles and survey her people as we pruned, replaced poles or worked with the trellis. Many times we ate our lunch in the vineyard and we always packed cat food and water for her as lunch was one of the highlights of her day (ours too).
She was with us for 12 years and in those years, her legs covered many miles as she traveled throughout the vineyard. Sadly, she left us in 2003 but her spirit lives on. Sometimes we can almost feel her sitting on a pole, watching us work.
It seemed only natural that we name our wine for her.
Cleo's Hill Wines
and Murto Vineyard
PO Box 238 • Dundee, OR 97115
Phone: 503-538-5302


text:
Adrian Davis wrote:
> How do I get percentage CPU usage of processes for a specified time
> interval?
> I'm wish to write a script, part of which displays the top 10
> processes by percentage processor usage over a 30 second interval. I
> know "topas" can show this, but I need to be able to process the
> information in a script. The output from "ps" doesn't seem to give the
> neccessary resolution...
You need to look into using nmon, as it can produce output
that can be analyzed in that fashion (e.g. nmon Analyzer).


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text:
On last night's Chuck, Sarah Walker was on a mission to save her man in the jungles of Thailand, and she had to kick a lot of butt to get the job done. Inside, a compilation of her fight scenes.
Meanwhile, Chuck was lost in a dream world that was part Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and part "that episode of Family Ties or maybe Hogan's Family."


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Going, Going …. Captured?
When we first arrived in the Tetons, there was quite a bit of fall color even though it seemed we were well past peak. But we kept finding great patches of color up to yesterday. It brings up the question, how much fall color do you need to have in your photo to say fall. We all love the rolling hillsides a blaze with color, this requiring the perfect season and your perfect timing. I don't know about you, but scheduling my travels a year in advance, making everything line up can be a challenge. So can we say fall without the blazing hillside?
Here are two simple methods of doing it. The first is getting down low and fill the frame with backlit color and include the sun. Shooting with the D4 / 18-35, I got down low, closed down the aperture to f/22 and went click. Than, and this is the important part, I went into ACR and brought up the shadows and brought down the highlights. The color in the middle tree is nearly gone, the tree on the far right of the frame is naked but with that sunburst in the upper right corner, the mind's eye fills it in and we have great fall color. Another method is to find just the right sprig of color and work with it. The bottom photo is an example of this. In a forest that was mostly stumps, this one little bit of fall color remained alongside an old barn. To optically extract it the business on the right side, the sky in the top right corner, I shot with the 80-400. I used a tripod in this case because I cranked the DOF way up to get the closest leaves in focus as well as the barn side. And than with the resulting low shutter speed, I needed the tripod as the wind tried my patience. But just that hint of color makes the mind think of vast fall color. While our color is slipping away, get out and make the most of what we have left, it will brighten your winter that is just around the corner.


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hi experts,
One of the transaction is avaliable in ECC , but the same contract is not avalaible in CRM.
here the business scenario is that Transaction are created in CRM and transfering the same to ECC.
I want to know how can we view those transaction or how we can able to know that has been archived in CRM.
Please throw some light for the same.
Thanks in advance
Prajith P
Hi Prajith,
What you can do is, Do the 'Archive Search' available in the search page incase the transactional document
that you are searching is not available in the normal search. By this, you will be able to know if it is
archived or not.
hi Leon,
Thanks for the answer.I am sure that the same is archived becasue in the testing system the transaction is available.
I think their are some Z* tables that deals with that.
Do we have any other way how we can able to confirm that the transaction is been archived.
There should be some ID number that will be using for archiving ( I am assuming).
How we are able to do find it.
Thanks & Regards
Prajith P
Hi Prajith,
Archiving concept is - once a transaction is archived, there will be no trace of the same will be left in the CRM system.
If you want to track that, that needs to be done explicitly. Currently tracking of the documents within the CRM system
is not supported or available. Instead, if you know the archiving object, you can go to the SARA transaction and
find the list of archived transactions for the corresponding archived object.
In order to confirm an object is archived, do a normal search and if it is not available in the result list, it means
the transaction would have been archived. If you do the archived search, that confirms if you get the transaction
in the result list.
hi hi Leon,
Thanks for the meaningful answer.
Thanks one again.
Thanks & Regards
Prajith P


text: The Round-Up: Tuesday By Observer Staff • 03/20/07 7:48am Costs of 2nd Avenue Subway grow. [NY Times] 76,000-square-foot lease at 88 Pine Street. [NY Post] Moinian drops condos at 60 Madison. [2nd item] [NY Post] More on subprime mortgage problems. [Daily News] Parks Department tries again in Coney Island. [Daily News] Bill would close southern Brooklyn zoning loophole. [Daily News] Construction starts on Upper East Side condo. [GlobeSt] Did we miss any New York City real estate news this morning? Please send along tips and links. Comment Filed under: Coney Island, Madison, New York City, New York Times Company, The Real Estate


text:
|Home | Contact us | Links | Archives
|Nun Who Saw It All And Died With The Story
John Kamau
Nairobi, February 16, 2004 (The East African Standard) – The death of
a key witness to the Wagalla massacre now means that the horrific
details from an independent source may never come to light.
About four months ago, just as the government promised to unearth what
really happened at the Wagalla airstrip, a lone gunman entered a
300-bed hospital compound in Borama town, Somaliland, and shot dead
60-year-old Italian nun, Dr Annalena Tonelli.
Tonelli, declared a persona non grata in Kenya following the Wagalla
massacre, had for 20 years remained a key witness, but had not
divulged any details of the atrocity and declined any publicity.
Annalena receiving the Fridjof Nanasen Award for her dedication in
working with refugees in Africa.
Aid workers who knew her say she kept the details to herself although
it is known that the trained lawyer had taken lots of details and
recorded events that followed the massacre.
In 1984, after she learnt what had transpired at the Wagalla airstrip,
Tonelli painted a Red Cross symbol on her Toyota and drove to the
field in search of the dead and survivors.
Unknown to many, she contacted the wife of an American diplomat,
Barbara Lefkow, a physiotherapist who also worked with her, and gave
her a list of the dead to smuggle out of Wajir to the international
Would anyone in Kenya have plotted to finish her off and finally erase
any incriminating evidence?
Her killing, however, will not derail efforts to bring to justice the
perpetrators of the Wagalla massacre, said the Truth Be Told Network,
a lobby group campaigning for a judicial inquiry into the massacre.
With Tonelli's killer still at large, speculation is rife within
charitable organizations that the nun was murdered because of her work
among the Somalis.
Surprisingly, Tonelli had willed that she be buried in Wajir, the same
town that she had buried hundreds of the Wagalla victims, prompting
her expulsion by then Internal Security minister, Justus ole Tipis.
As her body was flown to Nairobi's Lee Funeral Home last October,
there was hardly any news about Tonelli's work in Kenya and no
condolences from Government officials. Her name, perhaps like those of
the Wagalla victims, had been forgotten.
Even as the light aircraft carrying her body on Saturday October 11,
2003, left Nairobi's Wilson Airport for Wajir, where Tonelli was
finally interred, there was hardly any ceremony about the event,
including in the media.
Two days later, aid workers attended a church service in Nairobi to
celebrate her life.
"She buried the dead, rescued and treated the survivors. We will
forever be grateful for her work," said Wajir East MP Abdi Mohammed,
as he led North Eastern leaders in mourning the nun.
Far away in America, the Washington Post and Time magazine eulogised
her, but in Kenya her name did not ring a bell for many. Yet, had an
inquiry been conducted on the Wagalla massacre, Dr Tonelli would have
been the star witness.
She was the one who buried the dead in the mass grave inside the Wajir
Catholic Rehabilitation Centre and kept the records. She also gathered
evidence and rescued survivors who had been dumped in the bushes
around Wajir shortly after the February 14 killings at the Wagalla
airstrip, some six kilometers from Wajir town.
But for failing to keep quiet about the issue, Tonelli was in 1985
ordered to leave Kenya in the hope that the ghosts of the Wagalla
massacre would be laid to rest. She crossed the border and entered
Somalia in yet another 'forgotten part of the world' as she called it.
Back in Kenya, Tipis had maintained that only 57 people had died yet
Tonelli, who arrived here in 1969, talked of hundreds.
After she settled in Borama, aid workers say she escaped banditry
attacks, death threats, kidnappings and beatings until the day she was
finally gunned down.
"I still don't know why they killed her," wrote David Brown of the
Washington Post, who had had an opportunity to interview her in
And like in Wajir, she had fought hard against tuberculosis,
illiteracy, blindness, malnutrition and female genital mutilation. In
Borama, she set up a camp for Aids, and was last year voted the
recipient of the Nansen Refugee Award, the top recognition by the UN
High Commissioner for Refugees.
The award, named after Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen, is given to
individuals or organisations that have distinguished themselves in
work on behalf of refugees.
That Tonelli never spoke about Wagalla tells much about her: she was
not an activist.
Adecade earlier she had told the Washington Post that she didn't
believe that her life was a sacrifice. "It is an idea that makes me
laugh. I often felt that there was nobody on earth who had such a
privilege to be able to live like this," she said.
Tonelli, the daughter of an economist and the second in a family of
five children, grew up near Bologna in Italy and wanted to spend her
life in Africa.
"My family did not want it. So I took the first chance," she once
Holding diplomas in tropical medicine, community medicine and TB
control, Tonelli had for years remained the one person who could help
unravel the Wagalla mystery. The crime had unfolded before her very
eyes and among a community in which she had set up outreach clinics.
"She wanted the fewest possible barriers between herself and those she
lived and worked with. She chose to be without a name, without the
security of a religious order, without membership of any
organization," says UNICEF consultant Maggie Black.
Even as she received the Nansen Award, Tonelli shied away from
publicity about her work in Kenya and Somalia. "I have always tried to
stay hidden and refused any publicity," she said last June in Geneva.
And with her death, the circumstances surrounding an already clouded
incident only got hazier.
According to Benson Kaaria, who was North Eastern Provincial
Commissioner at the time, many of the key people involved in the
massacre are dead.
Among them was a Major Mdogo, the army officer who commanded the
operation, and the area police boss, a Mr. Namwoso.
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Nothing beats the excitement and variety of a Music Festival! Vivid Seats has cheap El Bicentenario de La Raza tickets everyday. View El Bicentenario de La Raza dates and performance times here. We have an extensive inventory of El Bicentenario de La Raza tickets and you can buy them online today. Dont miss out on this excitement. Fans who love a variety of musical acts love to see Music Festivals like El Bicentenario de La Raza. You will not be dissapointed so buy your El Bicentenario de La Raza event tickets today.
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This week…
We have more Great Classes coming up this week!
Find class descriptions and supply lists in our Class Information and Registration System. You will save 10% by signing up On-Line!
Monday, April 23:
NORTH: Beginning Quilting {Class 4} 10:30 to 1 and 6 to 8:30PM.
EAST: Classroom not available
Tuesday, April 24:
NORTH: Sew-N-Go 11 to 1:30PM. Do Me a Favor 6:30 to 8:30PM.
EAST: Classroom not available
Wednesday, April 25:
NORTH: Open Lab 10 to 4PM. Fashionista 6 to 8:30PM.
EAST: Block of the Month: Christmas 10 to 2PM. Fun with Fonts 6 to 8:30PM.
Thursday, April 26:
NORTH: Vintage Whimsy 6:30 to 8:30PM.
EAST: Open Lab 10 to 8PM.
Friday, April 27:
NORTH: Mom & Me 10:30 to 11:30AM. Friday Late Niter 5:30 to 11:30PM.
EAST: U2 a Tee 10:30 to 1PM. Shabby Seams 5:30 to 11:30PM.
Saturday, April 28:
NORTH: Scrapfest 10:30 to 10:30AM.
EAST: Woven Hearts 10:30 to 2:30PM.


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Fox Run Brands Acquires Doughmakers Gourmet Bakeware
Posted on May 24, 2010 by
IVYLAND, Penn.-Fox Run Brands has purchased the assets of Doughmakers Gourmet Bakeware for an undisclosed amount. Based in Terre Haute, Ind., Doughmakers Gourmet Bakeware offers a patented line of heavy-gauge, solid aluminum bakeware with a pebble-textured surface.
"The products have been a favorite for home bakers for over a decade not only because of the product performance characteristics but because the products are made in America and are environmentally friendly," said Sean Leonard, president, Fox Run Brands. "We're thrilled at Fox Run to be able to rebuild this amazing product line and to deliver this product to consumers. We will begin by relaunching all of the items in the original collection which included baking sheets, muffin tins, round pans, rectangular pans, square pans and springforms."
Sponsored Content
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Japan, India Get Cozy on Culture
Where can you snack on dosa, listen to a ragamala and learn to dance the Bharata Natyam? Increasingly, in Japan, where Indian culture is attracting a small but vibrant following amid closer trade ties that are causing the two countries to sit up and take notice of each other.
Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan and his Indian counterpart, Manmohan Singh, this week put the finishing touches on a landmark economic pact they hope will bring a surge in trade between the two countries and, they also hope, balance the other heavyweight in the region: China.
At first glance, the deal appears to make for strange bedfellows. The two cultures seem to have little in common — beyond Buddhism being one of their faiths — and while India is an economically dynamic, multiethnic society with a rapidly growing population, its east Asian partner is an aging, relatively homogenous country that is arguably past its economic peak.
But the gap may be narrowing as sushi and anime develop a following in India, and as Japan learns more about Indian food, music and entertainment.
Perhaps the most visible sign of India in Japan is — as in many countries — the food.
Japan's sweet, mild version of curry is practically its national dish, and Indian restaurants can be found all over the country. Admittedly, most of these tend to serve relatively bland interpretations of Indian cuisine — think chicken korma and naan bread — but more authentic regional dishes, such as masala dosa and Keralan fish curries, are starting to crop up.
In the other direction, too, India is becoming more interested in the healthy and delicate flavors of Japan. Delhi has a conveyor-belt sushi restaurant (that bills itself as 'India's first and only'), Mumbai hosts an annual Japanese food festival called 'Washoku', and a Japanese supermarket in Delhi stocks — in a spectacular case of 'selling ice to the Eskimos' — Japanese-style curry.
And while the trade pact will bring much-needed rare-earth minerals from India to Japan, the east Asian country has some resources of its own to send in the other direction. Manga and anime are gaining exposure in India in yet another sign of the strength of Japan's cultural currency, and India's first anime event was held in Delhi in August.
Meanwhile, in September this year, the Indian embassy and tourist office held their annual 'Namaste Fest' in Tokyo's Yoyogi Park, which around 170,000 people visited over two days.
But don't worry if you missed out. You could always make your way to the 'India Cool Guy Dancer Contest' in Funabori, Nov. 16-17, where the winner of an online poll gets to travel from India to show off his best Bollywood moves in front of Japanese fans.


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Brady Slater
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For Raleigh Goessling, if the Sochi Olympics in February were a reminder "of where I need to be and how far I have to go," then a visit back home to Minnesota in December was a reminder of something else.
It's called "The Road to the Robertson Cup," and for 16 North American Hockey League (NAHL) playoff teams, that road is presently paved with opportunity
Joshua Petrich looked out onto the ice and more than his reflection looked back at him from the Northwoods Credit Union Arena plexiglass. Petrich seemed to see the Minnesota Wilderness' season that had been unfolding in a blur. What he saw, he liked.
With four games remaining to play in the regular season, the Minnesota Wilderness enter play Friday at 7:05 p.m. against Coulee Region at Northwoods Credit Union Arena with a playoff spot already reserved in the 24-team North American Hockey League.
David Christian admitted to still getting more nervous before a speaking engagement than he ever did before a hockey game. But it doesn't keep the "Miracle on Ice" defenseman from working the banquet circuit.
The Minnesota Wilderness split their home series last weekend with Brookings, S.D., falling 3-2 in overtime Friday before winning resoundingly 5-0 on Saturday.
The 2013-14 season for the Minnesota Wilderness will go down as an unqualified success no matter how the rest of the season plays out.
Alex DeRocher's senior alpine skiing campaign ended on a high note, as he finished seventh overall at the state alpine ski meet. It marked the third time he'd skied at state, and his best finish by far.
Freshmen girls Erika Fox of Carlton and Anja Maijala of Cloquet punched their tickets to state with fifth- and seventh-place finishes at the Section 7 meet Feb. 6. The two are competing at the Nordic ski racing state meet at Giants Ridge in Biwabik today (Thursday, Feb. 13). UPDATED RESULTS: Fox placed 27th and Maijala placed 39th overall out of the best in the state!
Esko Senior Alex DeRocher had a plan for state according to today's Pine Journal story, and it worked! DeRocher was the highest placing Northland boys alpine skier at Wednesday's state alpine meet at Giant's Ridge. (Read to the end of the story to how Alex did.)


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alex goldman wrote:
> Are there laptop manufacturers that will refuse warranty repair if they find
> Linux on the hard drive?
If there are, let me know so I know not to buy them. On saying that, I
do all my own repairs, right down to replacing broken power sockets, so
it doesn't affect me much. But it's the principle of the thing.
Cheers, http://www.dotware.co.uk
Jim http://www.dotware-entertainment.co.uk
Are more people violently opposed to wearing fur than leather because
it's easier to harass rich women than motorcycle gangs?


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Get an overview of this hotelLuxurious slopeside hotel with a full-service spa
Located in the mountains, this Kitzbuehel hotel offers ski-in/ski-out access and is within a 15-minute walk of Hahnenkamm Cable Car, Kitzbueheler Horn Cable Car, and Kitzbueheler Horn Ski Area. Kitzbuehel Museum and Aquarena Kitzbuehel are also within 5 minutes.
Hotel Features
Ski into Best Western Premier Kaiserhof Kitzbuehel, where you can enjoy a drink at the bar/lounge, eat a meal at the restaurant, and enjoy comforts including an indoor pool and a full-service spa.
Room Amenities
All 73 individually decorated rooms feature free WiFi and pillowtop beds. Guests can enjoy spring water baths, and other standard amenities include MP3 docks, minibars, and flat-screen TVs.Would you like to give us feedback? Share it! Opens in a new window
Best Western Premier Kaiserhof KitzbuehelHahnenkammstrasse 5 Kitzbuehel Tirol 6370
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Indulge in a treatment at the full-service spa or enjoy a swim in the indoor swimming pool after a day on the slopes. Best Western Premier Kaiserhof Kitzbuehel helps provide the perfect ski vacation with ski storage, ski passes, and shopping on site. At the end of the day, order après-ski drinks at the hotel's bar.
The hotel offers a restaurant. A complimentary breakfast is offered. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. This luxury hotel also offers a sauna and a fitness center. Onsite self parking is complimentary. A total renovation of this property was completed in May 2012.
Best Western Premier Kaiserhof Kitzbuehel has designated areas for smoking.
- 24-hour front desk
- Airport transportation - drop-off (surcharge)
- Babysitting or childcare (surcharge)
- Bar/lounge
- Business center
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Computer station
- Concierge services
- Conference center
- Conference space
- Conference space size (feet) - 2152
- Conference space size (meters) - 200
- Designated smoking areas
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Elevator/lift
- Fireplace in lobby
- Fitness facilities
- Free breakfast
- Free self parking
- Free WiFi
- Full-service spa
- Garden
- Indoor pool
- Library
- Luggage storage
- Number of floors - 4
- One meeting room
- Porter/bellhop
- Restaurant
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Sauna
- Shopping on site
- Ski passes available
- Ski storage
- Ski-in/ski-out access
- Spa services on site
- Spa treatment room(s)
- Steam room
- Television in common areas
- Terrace
- Total number of rooms - 73
- Tours/ticket assistance
Family Friendly Amenities
- Babysitting or childcare (surcharge)
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
- Free Wi-Fi
- In-room childcare (surcharge)
- Indoor pool
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking
Room Amenities
- Bathrobes
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Coffee/tea maker
- Free bottled water
- Free newspaper
- Free toiletries
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Daily housekeeping
- Desk
- Down comforter
- Flat-panel TV
- Free WiFi
- Hair dryer
- Hypo-allergenic bedding available
- In-room childcare (surcharge)
- In-room safe
- Individually decorated
- Individually furnished
- Iron/ironing board
- Minibar
- MP3 docking station
- Phone
- Pillowtop mattress
- Premium bedding
- Premium TV channels
- Private bathroom
- Room service (limited hours)
- Satellite TV service
- Shower/tub combination
- Slippers
- Spring water bathtub
Where to Eat
A complimentary hot/cold buffet breakfast is served between 7 AM and 10 AM.
Best Western Premier Kaiserhof Kitzbuehel has a restaurant serving breakfast, dinner, and light fare.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include ski-in/ski-out access, an indoor pool, a sauna, and a fitness center.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golfing nearby
- Downhill skiing nearby
- Cross-country skiing nearby
- Snowboarding nearby
- Snowshoeing nearby
- Rafting nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Mountain biking nearby
- Bicycle rentals on site
- Ski lessons available nearby
- Ski equipment rental shops nearby
- Golf lessons available nearby
Spa Services
The onsite spa has massage/treatment rooms. Services include massages, facials, body wraps, and body scrubs. The spa is equipped with a sauna.
- Massages
- Body treatments
- Facial treatments
- Manicures and pedicures
- Body wraps
- Body scrubs
- Sauna in spa
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at 1 AM
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Special check-in instructions:
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
- Pets allowed for an extra charge of EUR 22 per pet, per day
- Specific rooms only
- Pet-friendly rooms can be requested by contacting the property at the number on the booking confirmation
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 1.80 per person, per night
Optional extras
- Airport shuttle fee: EUR 290 per vehicle
- Pet fee: EUR 22 per pet, per day
- Late check-out fee: EUR 40
- Rollaway bed fee: EUR 110.00 per night
Hotel Name
- Best Western Premier Kaiserhof Hotel Kitzbuehel
- Best Western Premier Kaiserhof Kitzbuehel
We should mention
This property offers transfers from the airport (surcharges may apply). Guests must contact the property with arrival details before travel, using the contact information on the booking confirmation. Reservations are required for massage services and spa treatments. Reservations can be made by contacting the hotel prior to arrival, using the contact information on the booking confirmation. This property allows pets in specific rooms only (surcharges apply and can be found in the Fees section). Guests can request one of these rooms by contacting the property directly, using the contact information on the booking confirmation.
National Rating
Hotelstars Union assigns an official star rating for properties in Austria. This property is rated 4 star Superior and is displayed on this page as 4.5 stars.


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The repeal of Don't Ask, Don't Tell legislation in 2011 made it easier for lesbian and gay military members to serve openly. More recently, a Supreme Court decision allows the federal government to recognize same-sex marriages and offer benefits to the same-sex spouses of military members. But, if you're a lesbian or gay service member, you may have questions about serving openly in the military. The following information may help to address some of your concerns about coming out.
The biggest change the repeal of DADT has brought is the opportunity for lesbian and gay service members to serve in the military without fear of being discharged. Service members no longer have to keep their sexual orientation a secret, which means they can talk about their sexual orientation, bring their same-sex partner to guest-attended military events or marry in states where same-sex marriage or civil unions are legal.
The Supreme Court's decision to overturn section three of the Defense of Marriage Act in 2013 allows the military services to recognize same-sex marriage and offer spouse and family benefits. To take advantage of those benefits, the service member and spouse must provide a valid marriage certificate from a jurisdiction where same-sex marriages are legal.
Because there is no military requirement to declare your sexual orientation, your decision to serve as an openly gay service member is an entirely personal one. But, even for civilians, coming out can be a difficult decision. You may be concerned about how family and friends will react or even how co-workers will feel about you after the disclosure. Others worry about harassment and discrimination. Despite significant changes in military policy, it's not unusual for lesbian and gay service members to feel apprehensive about coming out.
As a service member, only you should choose whether you would like to come out and to whom. Whatever you decide to do, you should not feel pressured by anyone else to come out. Many lesbian or gay service members choose to go public because hiding their sexual orientation can be very difficult and isolating and because they want to be open and honest with family and friends. Still, others choose not to disclose their sexual orientation for many different personal reasons. The choice to disclose or not to disclose should be respected.
Keep in mind that military standards of conduct will continue to apply to all service members, regardless of sexual orientation. These include standards of conduct related to public displays of affection, dress, appearance and fraternization. For the Department of Defense, sexual orientation is considered a personal matter. Enforcement of these standards of conduct will apply to all service members in a neutral way.
Making the decision to serve openly may be complicated. Like many service members, you may have concerns about how coming out will affect your military service and opportunities. The following areas of special interest may help answer some of your questions:
All service members should expect to be treated with dignity and respect, regardless of their sexual orientation. The military services are committed to promoting an environment free from discrimination, harassment and abuse. If you are a lesbian or gay service member and feel you have been a target for harassment or abuse, you may file a complaint through your chain of command or through your service's Equal Opportunity office.
There may be times when you feel overwhelmed and need to reach out for help. Military support services can provide solace and help for service members who are struggling. These services include:
Find programs and services at your local installation.
Service members, family members, surviving family members, service providers and leaders rely on Military OneSource for policy, procedures, timely articles, cutting-edge social media tools and support. All in one place, empowering our military community.
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