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The Extraordinary Popular Delusion of Believing What You Read
In my recent column on Charles Mackay's classic book Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds, I pointed out that "the most famous critic of bubbles who ever lived fell like a chump for a craze that was unfolding before his very eyes." Just three years after writing his book documenting "the utter madness of the people," Mackay became radically bullish on absurdly overvalued British railway stocks.
Mackay's book is still enormously entertaining—and worth reading—170 years after it was published. But Mackay is often quoted as though he were an objective authority on the history of notorious bubbles like the 17th century Dutch tulip mania and the South Sea stock bubble of 1720 in England.
Readers should bear in mind that Mackay was a storyteller, and that modern researchers have been unable to confirm some of his best-known anecdotes—and have disproved others altogether.
Mackay describes what investors today would call a "blind pool," an initial public offering, or IPO, that raises capital for undisclosed purposes:
…the most absurd and preposterous of all [stock offerings], and which [showed], more completely than any other, the utter madness of the people, was one started by an unknown adventurer, entitled, "A company for carrying on an undertaking of great advantage, but nobody to know what it is."
Bloggers frequently cite this example when they want to declare something a bubble-in-the-making; a quick Google search turns up nearly 13,000 hits on "a company for carrying on an undertaking of great advantage."
But John Carswell, in his 1961 book The South Sea Bubble, reported that he could find no evidence that any such offering had ever occurred. And Richard Dale, in his 2004 book The First Crash, wrote that many of the strangest-sounding IPOs of 1720 were "no doubt hoaxes," perhaps invented outright by unscrupulous newspaper editors trying to gin up circulation in the reckless early days of journalism.
Mackay also tells two unforgettable stories about tulip bulbs from the peak of that speculative market in Holland of the 1630s.
In one of these anecdotes, a Dutch sailor ended up spending months in jail for eating a tulip bulb worth 3,000 gold coins after he mistook it for an onion. In the other, Mackay described a single tulip bulb that changed hands for an immense shipment of goods including several tons of grain and beer, 24 farm animals, 1,000 pounds of cheese and a silver chalice.
But in his book Famous First Bubbles, published in 2000, economist Peter M. Garber showed that the original source of the story about the sailor's misbegotten meal is a second-hand account that was written 70 years after the fact. Furthermore, Garber showed, the sale of another bulb for a massive shipment of goods was "a non-existent transaction." It simply never happened.
None of this will prevent people from continuing to retell these stories. But it should discourage you from believing them. The investing masses do go mad from time to time, but spotting the madness remains more art than science.


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Manchester airport sees another 2.9% decline in passengers in March
Among other regional airports, passenger traffic was down 2.9 percent at Manchester Airport in New Hampshire, while volume at T.F. Green Airport outside Providence was up 4.6 percent in March. Passenger levels at Logan International Airport in Boston were up 1.1 percent in March.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Current CPR certification is required of a troop adult before participating in certain activities, and the certificate earned in this class is valid for two years. The class is open to the public and to Girl Scouts 14 and older.
Current first aid certification is required of a troop adult before participating in certain activities, and the certificate earned in this class is valid for two years. The class is open to the public and to Girl Scouts 14 and older.
Drop in at the barn and meet the Circle C herd! Take a tour and learn about our programs and horses with interactive game and activities. First time visitors can register, via e-mail for a 5-minute introductory riding lesson. The horses can't wait to meet you!
FEE: Free
The service centers and shops are closed for the Labor Day holiday.
This program is designed for girls and their significant male adults – dads, uncles, grandpas, etc. You and the rest of the group will spend the weekend at Camp Pisgah on camp construction projects and sprucing up camp itself. You will enjoy great meals, a father/daughter craft and archery. The Camp Ranger will lead your group in the camp project (roofing, painting, construction) and will provide the materials, training and direction as we all work together to improve camp property! So campers bring your favorite adult "guy" out to camp and show them how much fun Camp Pisgah can be. By the end of the weekend, you will leave knowing you've left your mark on camp! Snack provided on Friday; all three meals on Saturday and continental breakfast on Sunday.
FEE: $50/pair (adult and girl); $25 for additional girl/sister
BRING: sleeping bag, pillow, flashlight, change of clothes, pajamas, toiletries, day pack, rain gear, water bottle, tennis shoes and suitable clothing for the weather
Required of an adult before taking a troop camping where girls sleep in tents. Covers tents, tarps, knots and partnering with girls to plan advanced outdoor experiences. (In order to take this course, one must have already taken Fire Building and Outdoor Cooking OR register to take all three courses on 9/10/16.)
PREREQUISITES: Be Safe, Be Ready: Outings and Overnights and Be Safe, Be Ready: Girl Planning online courses, Fire Building and Outdoor Cooking OR also register to take Fire Building and Outdoor Cooking on 9/10/16.


text: Customer Engagement Drive Revenue With Face-to-Face Online Video Service Vidyo enables rich, personal video interactions with your customers through your website or mobile app. Online presence and services provide the convenience and immediacy that your multi-device, always-connected customers demand. With the VidyoWorksTM platform, you can deliver face-to-face engagement on virtually every consumer device to make online customer experiences more personal. Start Your Free Trial Request a Demo Hear How a Leading Banking Customer is Video-Enabling Customer Engagement Credit Union Case Study: BluCurrent Credit Union's Video Banking Agents Provide Personalized, Efficient Member Service Learn how BluCurrent Credit Union, which operates primarily through its three physical branches, provides efficient, expert and personal banking services to all of its members, regardless of the branch that they frequent. The solution revolved around using a Vidyo solution in each of the physical branches, with services conducted through a centralized operations center. View Now Customer Engagement Infographic Consumer Behavior Drives Video-Enabled Services Today's consumer is increasingly connected and mobile. View the infographic to see the trends that are driving adoption of video enabled customer service to maintain brand loyalty and fully engaged customers. View the Infographic Video Enabled Online Banking High-touch Customer Service with Embedded Video The VidyoWorksTM software platform video-enables your high-value client services and is easily integrated with your financial services infrastructure, applications and workflows. Natural, interactive HD video meetings can be conducted securely over the Internet and 3G/4G/LTE mobile networks. Some of the world's leading banks have selected VidyoWorksTM to power their mobile and desktop-based banking services, enabling face-to-face video banking with service reps, branch managers and portfolio executives. Read the Solution Brief VidyoEngage for Genesys Video-enable the call center to emotionally connect with customers The VidyoEngage for Genesys is a solution that provides a personal touch to the contact center that will elevate customer/agent interaction. With communications and understanding improved through the use of high-quality video, agents can resolve tickets quicker, increase net promoter score and effectively meet other KPIs. Download the Solution Brief Video Enabled eCommerce Engage Customers Online With Video Communication Many consumer-facing organizations have moved services online for customer convenience. Retail stores provide their full inventory for consumers to shop and purchase conveniently online. Vidyo personal advisor solutions enable e-commerce retailers to provide personal face-to-face customer engagements leading to increased brand loyalty. Download the Solution Brief Video Contact Centers Provide Online Video Interactions With Your Customers to Build Trust and Brand Loyalty. In this white paper, learn how you can have a video enabled web-presence up and running quickly using the VidyoWorks™ APIs and the contact center reference design. Explore what's required to deliver customer experiences that will keep your audience coming back for more. Read the Whitepaper


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Take a sneak peek at the new NIST.gov and let us know what you think!
(Please note: some content may not be complete on the beta site.).
NIST Authors in Bold
|Stefania Romisch; P Adamson; Neil Ashby; G. Barr; M. Bishal; A. Blake; G. J. Bock; D. Bogert; Russell Bumgarner; S. V. Cao; S. Childress; M. Christensen; J. Coelho; L. Corwin; D. Cronin-Hennessy; J. K. de Jong; N. E. Devenish; M. V. Diwan; C. O. Escobar; J. J. Evans; E. Falk; G. J. Feldman; C. Flores; B. Fonville; M. V. Frohne; H. R. Gallager; A. Gavrilenko; R. A. Gomes; P. Gouffon; N. Graf; R. Gran; K. Grzelak; A. Habig; J. Hartnell; R. Hatcher; Jonathan Hirschauer; A. Holin; J. Hylen; G M. Irwin; Z. isvan; C. James; Steven R. Jefferts; D. Jensen; T. Kafka; S. M. Kasahara; G. Koizumi; M. Kordosky; A. Kreymer; K. Lang; J. Ling; P. J. Litchfield; P. Lucas; W. A. Mann; M. L. Marshak; M. Mathis; Demetrios Matsakis; N. Mayer; Angela Mckinley; M. M. Medeiros; R. Mehdiyev; J. R. Meier; B. Mercurio; M. D. Messier; W. H. Miller; S. R. Mishra; S. Moed Sher; C. D. Moore; L. Mualem; J. A. Musser; J. K. Nelson; H. Newman; R. J. Nichol; J. A. Nowak; J. C. O'Conner; W. P. Oliver; M. Orchanian; R. B. Pahlka; J. Paley; Thomas E. Parker; R. B. Patterson; G. Pawloski; S. PhanBudd; R. K. Plunkett; N. Poonthattatil; Ed Powers; X. Qiu; A. Radovic; B. Rebel; C. Rosenfeld; H. A. Rubin; M. C. Sanchez; J. Schneps; P Schireiner; A. Schreckenberger; R. Sharma; A, Sousa; N. Tagg; R, L. Talaga; J. Thomas; M. A. Thomson; X. Tian; S. C. Tognini; R. Toner; D. Torretta; G. Tzanakos; J. Urheim; P. Vahel; A. Webber; R. C. Webb; C. White; L. H. Whitehead; L. Whitehead; K. P. Wilson; S. G. Wojcicki; J. Wright; Victor S. Zhang; R. Zwaska;
|Measurement of the velocity of the neutrino with MINOS
|November 26, 2012
|The MINOS experiment uses a beam of predominantly muon-type neutrinos generated using protons from the Main Injector at Fermilab in Batavia, IL and travelling 735 km through the Earth to a disused iron mine in Soudan, MN. The 10 us-long beam pulse contains fine time structure which allows a precise measurement of the neutrino time of flight to be made. The time structure of the parent proton pulse is measured in the beamline after extraction from the Main Injector, and neutrino interactions are timestamped at the Fermilab site in the Near Detector (ND), and at the Soudan site in the Far Detector (FD). Small, transportable auxiliary detectors, consisting of scintillator planes and associated readout electronics, are used to measure the relative latency between the two large detectors. Time at each location is measured with respect to HP5071A Cesium clocks, and time is transferred using GPS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) solutions for the clock offset at each location. We describe the timing calibration of the detectors and derive a measurement of the neutrino velocity, based on data from March and April 2012. We discuss the prospects for further improvements that would yield a still more accurate result.
|44th Annual PTTI Meeting
|Proceedings PTTI 2012
|pp. 119 - 132
|Reston, VA
|November 26-29, 2012
|neutrino,synchronization,timing,time of flight
|Research Areas:


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Victorinox Swiss Army 56056 Recruit Knife/Pin Combo Red
A great combination for those who love and treasure the Swiss Army knife. The functionality and innovation of the Recruit is available with a Swiss Army knife lapel pin.
size:84 mm | 3 1/4 inch
Large blade
Small blade
Can opener with small screwdriver
Bottle opener with large screwdriver & wire stripper
Key ring


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The big day is approaching. Unfortunately. I'm at the waddling stage of pregnancy and our budget is limited. I face two options.
1. Accept the reality of being older and go (by myself) to all of the NYC places that I'll never visit if I keep waiting for another interested person to come along. That would mean spending a day at the Tenement Museum (Cool Dad asks, "Why go there? We have first-hand experience living in one."), the WTC visitor center, and the Museum of the City of New York.
2. Deny the reality of being older by doing something only a person in their 20's would be likely to do. I haven't quite figured that part out yet. This option could be fun, but also sad and uncool due to the rather large belly and limited physical capabilities.
A long time ago, back in Florida, Cool Dad turned 30 to the tune of Dark Latin Groove and 30 of his closest friends in a reserved restaurant with dance floor. He even had a "30 Years of Eric" tribute, with one dance song from each year of his life. I don't like the spotlight, so I'm not wishing for that kind of thing, but so far my plans seem pretty lackluster, don't you think?
So…what did you do or what do you plan to do to celebrate your 30th birthday?


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DALLAS, Texas – When custom motorcycles aren't enough, think custom desserts. Strokers Dallas owner Rick Fairless has signed a lease on the former Big State Drug pharmacy and soda fountain in Irving and plans to revive the 1950s soda fountain.
"I want it to be a place to make Irving proud," Fairless told the Dallas Morning News.
Big State Drug owner Brian Smith shuttered the 66-year-old store last Thursday, citing financial difficulties. Building owner Dan Neimeier pledged at the time to find a suitable tenant to take over the iconic downtown Irving building.
Fairless, 57, has lived in Irving all of his life. He said he jumped at the chance to take over Big State Drug because it is a family tradition: his parents used to hang out there after school and he still eats there once a week.
Fairless plans to renovate and reopen the shop in 60 days, then bring back some of Big State Drug's employees.
From the Dealernews wires. Posted by Holly Wagner


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Definition of grand duke in English:
grand duke
1A prince or nobleman ruling over a territory in certain European countries.
Example sentences
- The official guest list named at least 70 kings, queens, grand dukes, princes, counts and lesser nobles.
- Whether forced or voluntary, Roman emperors, kings and queens, hereditary princes and grand dukes and, yes, even popes have abdicated.
- The grand duke of Tuscany, Ferdinand I, in the meantime, showed a new level of independence from Spain by marrying a French princess, and announcing the marriage of his niece Maria to the French king.
2 historical A son (or grandson) of a Russian tsar.
Example sentences
- Two of his daughters married Russian grand dukes; one became Queen of Italy; another came into the orbit of British royalty by marrying a Battenberg prince.
- Close relatives of the tsar were called grand princes, usually translated as grand dukes.
- Destinations outside the city worth adding to your trip include the Kolomenskoe Estate, overlooking the Moskva river, where grand dukes and tsars have spent their summers since the 14th century.
For editors and proofreaders
Line breaks: grand duke
Definition of grand duke in:
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.
= trending


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Nether Wallop Paper Potter
Nether Wallop »Product code: 28458
List price
Purchase Options
Earn 47 reward points on this item In Stock : Available for despatch next working dayGift wrap available
Verified product owner
was a gift to someone so cannot comment in detail
Verified product owner
Excellent service. Can recommend.
Verified product owner
This looks great, works really well and will save money and plastic at planting time
Verified product owner
great idea
Verified product owner
Brilliant idea for eco friendly green fingered folks who want to make their own plant pots for growing plants on from seed. Great for the kids too, encourage an interest in recycling, as well as creativity and how things grow. Love it!
Verified product owner
Very nicely made and useful
Verified product owner
Bought as a gift.I'm sure it will be well used and loved.
Verified product owner
Very good but surprisingly expensive everywhere.
Verified product owner
Bought asa a gift for a family member with an allotment.
Verified product owner
Only just bought this but I can see that it is going to be well used and will save me so much money as I won't have to buy endless little pots which get all manky and broken so I just chuck them out at the end of the season. Now I can use up my newspapers and be "green" instead. Have yet to see if it works ok with plants but happy so far.
Verified product owner
Purchased as a friend said she had done making pots with the kids at school and it made really good pots, I have to admit to getting it out and having a go (even tho it is a christmas gift for my dad!) its great fun and very easy :-)
This little wooden gadget is brilliant! Little bit of practice and you will become a totaly (paper) pot head! For gifts I use our local Chinese free newspaper so it looks a bit spesh!
I had one of these paper potters before, unfortunetly my other one went missing so I bought a replacement. They are truly a wonderful invention, hats off to the makers of paper potters. Growing seeds and planting them has never been so eco friendly...
Verified product owner
I have just given my husband one of these as a birthday gift and he absolutely loves it! It was out of the box and being used within minutes and he wants to give one to his young nephews and nieces as he thinks it is great fun for young and old gardeners alike.
Verified product owner
This is a little gem! All i can say is it really does work.
Verified product owner
I bought this little wonder to help with a recycling project in school. We have a small garden on site which now will be proudly filled with biodegradable pots produced by our lunchtime recyclers! The kids (11-18!) were unimpressed until they got hooked on creating the perfect pot in the fastest time! A few heated competitions later we have a bounty of bio pots. I would definately recommend this product to any gardener who has children to entertain this summer!
Verified product owner
A Little Wonder!
These two pieces of wood transform, with not too much effort, piles of unwanted newspaper into good-sized biodegradable pots.
My greenhouse is now stuffed full of vegetable plants sitting proudly wrapped in newspaper.
The Paper Potter is a great, simple little gadget that works.
2 Questions
Eric asked this question on 25th Mar 2008
Q: Great idea, how does it work please, can all newspapers and magazines be used.
A: The paper potter is easy to use, and a pot can be made in a matter of seconds - and can immediately be filled with compost and seeds sown / seedlings planted directly. The basic instructions are:- Cut dry newspaper into strips (8cm x 57cm approx.) Roll the strip loosely around the potter and fold excess paper over the end Press the end with folded paper onto the base to mould pot Remove pot and put to use.... John
Annabel asked this question on 15th Oct 2008
Q: How big is this please?
A: The paper potter has two parts - the potter and the base. The potter is 4.5cm in diameter x 11cm tall. The base is 7cm diameter x 3cm tall.


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Frequently Asked Questions
Need to know something... fast?
Below are the most common questions we're asked (besides, "Is that your real hair?").
Do you have an Emergen-C product for children?
- Yes, we have Emergen-C Kidz® which comes in three great-tasting, kid-tested flavors: Grape, Fruit Punch, and Orange. These are just like our adult Emergen-C 1,000 mg formula except with vitamin levels more appropriate for children ages 4-13.
What is the best way to mix up a packet of Emergen-C fizzy wonderfulness?
- We like ours not too fizzy and not too flat. We put the powder in a glass, add four to six ounces of water, let it fizz up, let it fizz down, and then drink it up. Some folks like to put the powder in a glass, add water, stir, and then drink it down.
Is Emergen-C available in recyclable or bulk packaging?
- Our Emergen-C vitamin drink mix is moisture-sensitive and effervescent, so individual airtight packages are necessary to keep the powder dry inside. Consequently, we are not able to offer bulk packaging. All Emergen-C boxes are recyclable, however.
What efforts are you making to help our environment?
- We reduced the size of our boxes by 6%, which results in less manufacturing, less shipping, and less paper waste. They are also printed using bio-renewable, solvent-free, vegetable-based inks to help keep chemicals out of the environment, and they are 100% recyclable. To top it all off, our new smaller boxes are FSC certified.
How much Sodium is there in Emergen-C? And is it a safe amount?
- Emergen-C is dietary supplement that is both low in sodium and can fit as part of a healthy everyday diet. Sodium levels vary by formula and range between 30mg to 110mg, or 1% to 5% of recommended daily value. Most Emergen-C formulas are between 60mg to 70mg, or approximately 3% of recommended daily value.
Are your products manufactured in the U.S.A.?
- Yes.
What is the source of the Bermuda Triangle's awesome power?
- The energizing* B vitamins in Emergen-C, of course!
Can I take Emergen-C while pregnant or nursing?
- As with all supplements, we recommend that you consult your health professional before use.
Can I take Emergen-C with my medications?
- Ditto. Please consult with your health professional before taking Emergen-C with medications.
Is the fructose in Emergen-C from high fructose corn syrup?
- No, we use purified fructose.
Do your products contain MSG?
- No, neither Alacer nor our suppliers add or use MSG in any product we use. Alacer uses natural fruit flavors and fruit juice powders that are of such high quality they do not require the use of MSG to enhance their flavor.
Are your products free of GMO?
- We have chosen to source materials that are non-GMO whenever possible. That being said, we cannot guarantee that all of our raw materials are sourced from non-GMO ingredients and do not currently have this requirement in place for our vendors.
Are your products free of Gluten?
- We do not use Gluten during the manufacturing process. However, we are unable to confirm its presence or absence as the end product is not tested for gluten.
Is aspartic acid the same as aspartame?
- No, aspartame is a chemically formed sugar substitute that bonds L-phenylalanine to aspartic acid. On the other hand, the aspartic acid which we use in Emergen-C, is an amino acid readily found in foods such as fish, legumes, dairy, whole grains, eggs, meats, nuts, and seeds. We use this pure L-Aspartic Acid which has the same structure as that found in foods.
Do you use artificial dyes to color Emergen-C?
- No, we use natural ingredients to color Emergen-C, such as vegetable juice color, natural beet color, etc.
Why did the labels change? And why do some labels say 1 time per day and others say up to 2?
- The Institute of Medicine established the daily tolerable upper level of vitamin C at 2,000 mg. Even though the previous directions were within these levels, we are lowering it now to allow for other sources of vitamin C, like those obtained from a healthy diet. These changes will affect all Emergen-C products that contain 1,000 mg Vitamin C. They will be phased in over the next several months. You may find both versions on store shelves during this transition period.
How does Emergen-Zzzz help me fall asleep?
- Emergen-Zzzz has melatonin that naturally promotes sleep by reducing the amount of time it takes to fall asleep. No sheep counting necessary.
What is melatonin?
- Excellent question. Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland in the brain that is linked to sleep and wake cycles. Your body produces high levels of melatonin when it's dark and low levels when it's light.
What ages can take it?
- Emergen-Zzzz is formulated for ages 19 and up. Finally a reason to get excited about turning 19!
How often can I take Emergen-Zzzz?
- You can take it occasionally for a whole fortnight! Emergen-Zzzz should not be taken for more than 14 days (one pack per day), otherwise check with your physician.
Are there side effects?
- There are no known side effects when taken as directed. Refreshing, huh?
Can I drive?
- Nope. You should not drive or operate heavy-duty machinery while taking melatonin.
Can I take Emergen-Zzzz on the same day I take any other Emergen-C?
- Definitely. Emergen-Zzzz and Emergen-C play well together, as long as you take both as directed!
How much vitamins and minerals are in each serving of Emergen-C Chewables?
- The short answer: a lot! The long answer: each serving of Chewables contains 1000 mg of vitamin C, 30 IU of vitamin E, 2 mg of vitamin B6, 150 mcg of biotin, and 5 mg of the mineral, zinc. The Immune+ Chewables contain all of that plus 1200 IU of Vitamin D.
Can you take it with water?
- Sure can, but if you don't have any water handy or are just too busy being awesome to go grab a cup, don't worry about it. Chewables are designed to be chewed—so no water necessary.
Can I take them with new Emergen-Zzzz?
- Yes, as long as both products are taken as directed. If you're going to take both perhaps take Chewables first so you don't fall asleep mid-chew.
Are the Emergen-C Chewables Gluten Free?
- Absolutely.
Where can I buy Emergen-C Chewables?
- Emergen-C Chewables can be found in the vitamin aisle or cough/cold aisle of any major retailer or online at Amazon.com.
How is this different from any other vitamin C tablet?
- Emergen-C Chewables have two times more vitamin C per chew than the leading immune support chewable and contain other nutrients to help you be at your best. Not to mention they're tangy and delicious.
You made it this far and you're still reading? If we haven't answered your question above, you may need to give us a shout at +1 (888) 425-2362 to get the answers to less-than-frequently-asked-questions.
You made it this far and you're still reading? If we haven't answered your question above, you may need to give us a shout at +1 (888) 425-2362 to get the answers to less-than-frequently-asked-questions.


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Crestor Comes Up Short in Heart Failure
In the statin wars, there's little question that AstraZeneca's cholesterol-lowering drug Crestor is the most powerful when it comes to lowering LDL, the bad cholesterol, and giving a boost to good HDL.
But the company lacks–and craves–for Crestor what arch-rival Pfizer has for Lipitor, the world's biggest selling drug, and what Merck and Bristol-Myers long had for their now off-patent statins: hard data that the effect on patients' cholesterol reduces deaths, heart attacks and other consequences of heart disease.
Today, researchers are reporting results of the AstraZeneca's 5,011-patient Corona trial testing Crestor in heart failure patients, and the company still hasn't found what it was looking for. During nearly three years of follow-up, patients taking Crestor had an 8% reduction in the combined outcomes death from cardiovascular causes and non-fatal heart attacks and strokes compared to placebo. That difference wasn't large enough to be statistically significant.
Heart failure seems an unlikely spot to test a statin–evidence that cholesterol levels play a role in the disease is sparse. But AstraZeneca's challenge was that the benefits of statins were already well-established in coronary artery disease by such landmark trials as Merck's 4S study and Bristol-Myers Care study. What was left to try?
"It was hardly ethical to do a placebo-controlled trial" in already established areas of statin benefit, Michael Cressman, executive director, strategic development for Crestor at AstraZeneca, told the Health Blog at the American Heart Association's science meeting in Orlando where the Corona data were unveiled this morning. And a head-to-head study against Lipitor, for instance, would have required tens of thousands of patients, with no assurance that Crestor would prove substantially better at reducing deaths and heart attacks.
The Corona data have a few positives for Crestor. The drug reduced heart-related hospitalization, and the study didn't find any evidence that statins might harm patients with heart failure–a previously unanswered and controversial question. But in the Corona study deaths from heart failure, which typically result from irregular heart beats caused by abnormalities in the heart's electrical system dominated over deaths from artery blockages, plumbing problems that statins help prevent.
"Coming into the statin world as late as we did made it very difficult," Cressman says. "The low-hanging fruit had already been picked."


text: Issues with identification documents are common, even if they are genuine. What if the signer's name on the ID doesn't quite match what's being signed? Or if the signer wants to present a photocopy of a driver's license? Test your knowledge of what elements are needed for a satisfactory ID and which aren't acceptable. ANSWERS: 1. A photocopy of an identification document: A. May be accepted as proof of identity if physically signed by the bearer B. Can only be accepted if another Notary affixes a seal to the ID C. Should never be accepted as identification for a notarization D. Is always acceptable as proof of a signer's identity Answer: C. A photocopy of an ID such as a driver's license should never be accepted as satisfactory evidence of a signer's identity. Without the original ID in hand, the Notary has no way of knowing if a photocopied image has been tampered with or altered to show incorrect information. 2. If a signer's last name on an ID does not match the name on the document: A. An alternate ID with the matching name or credible identifying witnesses should be used instead B. The ID can still be accepted if the signer is a woman who recently married C. An "AKA" signature may be used, if the receiving agency is agreeable D. Either A or C. Answer: D. There are situations where a signer's name may have been changed from the original name appearing on identification documents — for example, when someone gets married. However, a Notary can't accept an ID document if the last name on the ID doesn't match the name on the document. In such cases, an alternative approach must be used. The signer may use credible identifying witnesses or an alternate ID with the name appearing on the document, or — if the receiving agency is willing — sign both version of the name using an "Also Known As" or "AKA" signature. If an "AKA" signature is used, the Notary must remember to write only the name appearing on the ID in the certificate wording, and should make a note that an "AKA" signature was used in the journal. 3. If state law does not specify acceptable forms of signer ID, the NNA recommends asking for signer ID that includes all of the following: A. Phone, Address and Social Security number B. Photograph, Description and Signature C. Address, Issuance Date and Serial Number D. Photograph, Expiration Date and Phone Answer: B. If state law does not specify what type of ID may be presented for a notarization, the NNA recommends asking signers to provide an identification document that includes a photograph, description of the signer and signature. Each of these elements can be used to verify the person appearing before the Notary is who they claim to be. The photograph and description enable the Notary to verify that the person physically appearing matches the individual described on the ID, while the signature can be used to check for discrepancies when the person signs the document being notarized. 4. True or False. A birth certificate is considered a satisfactory form of signer ID for a notarization. Answer: False. Not only does a birth certificate lack a photograph, description or signature of the signer, but copies of another person's birth certificate can be obtained through recording offices, which makes birth certificates extremely unreliable as a means to verify a signer's identity. 5. True or False: If a signer lacks a satisfactory ID document, they can be identified by one or more credible witnesses instead. Answer: True. A credible witness is essentially a "human ID card" who swears or affirms the signer's identity so that a notarization can take place. The ideal credible witness should not have any interest or benefit in the document being notarized. State laws regarding credible witness requirements vary; always be sure to follow your own jurisdiction's statutes when using one or more credible witnesses to identify a signer. David Thun is an Associate Editor at the National Notary Association.


text:
I'm your basic, simple internet
surfer.....don't have a network, use a single pc.
I've tried most of the freeware firewalls and am
currently using McAfee, supplied by my ISP. The
program is an anchor dragging my pc down. I'm
tired of all the alerts the free programs utilize.
I'd like to try the hardware, router type
firewall for a change. I've read the NetGear
311-314 is ok. I really don't need all the
features of a router, (wouldn't understand them
anyway), just the firewall aspect. Any suggestions?


text:
NOAA / NWS's Meteorological Development Laboratory
Degrib (NDFD GRIB2 Decoder)
|NDFD Home
Subject: Degrib 1.65
Date: Fri, 28 Jan 2005 12:08:33 -0500
From: Arthur Taylor
To: firstname.lastname@example.com
Hi everyone,
You all have the unique distinction of being registered on my degrib
(aka NDFD_GRIB2Decoder) mailing list (all 650 of us) (I'd like to
welcome: mquin, tomw, kriskrush, steve.cook, bbklee, heath_hockenberry,
tom_burns, tnott, nimbus, layesarr, jjdd, matt_tx00, colfe, zhuanshi,
sdebey, jernks, mhanna, curry1kc, john_comanzo, n9oew, brett.mcdonald,
vhornik, jon.goldtrap, EirhYu.Hsie, nckev, Mark.Frazier, moulass,
roknab, George.Shayne, bfitt, sweiss, hulst, ngreenberg, compo, ghaun,
gerry, fespinosa, eray, mbps, mooned28, vib, rdknslk, atom_k, jwoodwar,
p.hambly, will.pendergrass, ackerman, drp63, pfarmer, ptannura, jsc1,
siohan, jsnook, Andrew.Bailey, rnb, snol461, rcodermatz, portman,
harricher, mmcguire, tmckinney)
Please let me know (email me) if you want to unregister. The latest
version of the program is on:
www.nws.noaa.gov/mdl/NDFD_GRIB2Decoder/ (or www.nws.noaa.gov/mdl/degrib/).
----------- General News.
I just wanted to remind everyone of what Brig. Gen. D. L. Johnson said
on 12/15/2004:
> I am pleased to announce that we will add the Temperature, Dew Point,
> and Weather forecast elements to operational status effective March
> 15, 2005. The remaining experimental forecast elements are Sky Cover,
> Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF), Snow Amount, Wind
> Direction, Wind Speed, and Significant Wave Height. Transitioning
> these will present a more significant challenge. We will continue to
> monitor progress to reach an acceptable level of quality for
> additional forecast elements.
----------- News about this release:
I have just finished putting together version "1.65" (last one that I
announced was "1.63" on 11/30/2004).
This release is mainly focused on getting multiple NetCDF messages in
the same file, enhancing the -PntFile option, adding a -Sector option,
improving the -Shp (and -Shp2) options, and enhancing the TDLPack support.
1) Incorporated "jcraig"'s code to put multiple NetCDF messages in the
same file. Did this by creating "-NetCDF 2". "-NetCDF 1" should be
identical to the 1.63 version of degrib.
2) Implemented simple weather code 4. The problem with simple weather
code 3 was that for SW/BS, it had been ignoring BS.
3) Enhanced the PntFile option at the request of "KimW" to have an
optional forth column to specify the output file that a particular point
should go to. Also, at the request of "chrism", degrib now requires
comma separators in the PntFile, so that the point IDs can have spaces
in them. The next step will be to add quotes so one can "escape" commas
in the point IDs.
4) Added a -Sector option which will be useful for figuring out which
sector an arbitrary point falls in. This should help CGI programs
working to create XML messages.
5) Created a "-validMin" and "-validMax" to help detect corrupt files.
For example if a temperature is less than absolute 0, we have a problem.
6) Added -Shp2 option which creates verbose point or small polygon .shp
files. This adds 4 columns i, j, lat, lon. Also enhanced the -Shp and
-Shp2 options to create a .prj file, which should help ArcGIS 8 users.
Essentially the .prj file contains the spheroid used, since I already
"unprojected" the grid when I created the .shp file.
7) Enhanced the TDLPack support by fixing a bug in the reading of
messages, adding icons for the GUI, and enabling it to be saved in
NetCDF. In addition, degrib can now write TDLPack output, if the
original message was TDLPack. Could enhance this to allow one to
convert GRIB to TDLPack.
8) At the request of "John.Lovegrove", added a "%c" (valid cycle) and
"%d" or "%D" (valid day) to the nameStyle convention. The idea being to
allow cron jobs to extract all messages, and not "clutter" the user's disk.
9) Enhanced the -I option to display as much as possible when dealing
with a corrupted file.
10) Updated versions of the NCEP GRIB2 library used, (but need to do
that again), and recommended an upgrade to the library to help detect
corrupt files. In addition I updated Choose_LocalParmTable for HPC Grids.
11) Switched web.tcl to use just stdout, so that the output has the
correct chronological order in cron jobs.
12) Fixed bug found by "chrism" which caused some GFS forecasts given in
12 hour units to be misinterpreted to be in 6 hour units instead.
13) Created a makefile to handle the pure cygwin case.
14) "jcraig" informed me that "SELECT CASE" is not f77 complaint, so I
have gone through some of the FORTRAN GRIB2 code looking for it. Will
look for more.
15) Fixed a handful of minor bugs.
Please let me know if you have problems.


text:
Vermont Mountaineers Playoffs: Game 1
Mountaineers host first round playoff game
Published 12:38 PM EDT Aug 06, 2013
The Vermont Mountaineers take care of business in game 1 of the NECBL first round playoff series with North Adams. A 3 run 6th inning helped Vermont to the win, giving them 2 chances to end the series and advance to the divisional final.
Are you using the WPTZ app? If so, click here to watch the video on your mobile device.


text:
OCT 04, 2013 - Time
A Must Read - Share
Jennifer Lawrence might have an Academy Award and a devoted fan base, but the Silver Linings Playbook and Hunger Games actress revealed in Harper's Bazaar UK that she has faced losing jobs over her weight. "Somebody told me I was fat, that I was going to get fired if I didn't lose a certain amount of weight," the 23-year-old said. "They brought in pictures of me where I was basically naked, and told me to use them as motivation for my diet. It was just that." On top of feeling hurt, however, the actress says it makes her angry. "If anybody even tries to whisper the word 'diet',
Read More
Editor's Picks
Hey you have no friends!!! Get to work and start inviting friends to help build your Comunitee. Click Here to invite friends.
© 2011 Comunitee, Inc.


text:
Order Reprints
Journal: Sensors, 2003
Volume: 3
Number: 19
Article: Mediated Electron Transfer at Redox Active Monolayers. Part 4: Kinetics of Redox Enzymes Coupled With Electron Mediators
Authors: Michael E.G. Lyons
Link: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/3/2/19
MDPI provides reprints in high quality with convenient shipping to destinations worldwide. The articles are printed in on premium paper with high-resolution figures. Our covers are customized to your article and designed to be complimentary to the journal. These reprints are ideal additions to your portfolio. Copy details: 135g/m2 paper, 2x stitched, full colour and glossy finish, orderable in quantities from 10 to 1000.
If you have any questions, or special requests, please write to email@example.com; we are happy to provide you with the information you need.


text:
TUCSON, Ariz. (November 8, 2012)—Jared Lee Loughner, 24, who pleaded guilty to charges stemming from a deadly Arizona shooting rampage that wounded former U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords was sentenced to life in prison Thursday.
U.S. District Judge Larry Burns sentenced Loughner for the January 2011 attack that left six people dead and Giffords and others wounded.
Loughner pleaded guilty to federal charges under an agreement that guarantees he will spend the rest of his life in prison without the possibility of parole.
Giffords and her husband, former astronaut Mark Kelly, were in court Thursday for the sentencing and during the hearing Kelly told Loughner that he changed Giffords' life, but couldn't dent her spirit.
Giffords stood alongside Kelly as he addressed Loughner.
It was the first time since the shooting that Giffords and Loughner have come face-to-face.
Kelly also took a swipe at politicians for their vitriolic comments after the shooting.
At the hearing Thursday, a prosecutor said the attacker saw Giffords as the face of the government he hated.
The prosecutor said Loughner was convinced he had killed Giffords after shooting her in the head.
He only later acknowledged after months of treatment that she was alive "and he had failed."
Loughner has been diagnosed as schizophrenic.


text:
Here at Review Centre we work hard to make sure we are the best place on the internet for honest, unbiased consumer reviews - we are grateful for your help in keeping us that way!
Written on: 25/10/2012
This system who any person wait for solution. Agoda answer that, excellent


text:
MUMBAI: The Reserve Bank of India is not currently considering a repo rate cut, the central bank's governor said on Friday on the sidelines of an infrastructure seminar.
The central bank borrows money from the market at the repo rate, which is currently at 5.5 per cent. "We are not contemplating any repo rate cut just now," said Governor Bimal Jalan in response to a question. "I don't have a date in mind but it is not in the near future."


text:
What you needMemory wire or Jewelry wire
Start by cutting the wire into 1 1/2 inch lengths this will be enough to go around the stem of the wine glass.
Using Nose pliers, create a loop at one end of the wire. This will form the clasp.
Thread on your beads in the desired pattern.
Create a small hook on the other end.
Attach your choice of charm. You can either do this now, or in the middle of threading the beads depending on the type of charm you have.
Place it around the glass and thread the hook through the loop and nip it closed with your hands or the pliers.
If you do not have the charms you can use larger decorative beads or even a handmade poly clay bead or charm to use as the identifier.


text:
William and Betty Oltman, lifelong residents of Hannibal, Mo., celebrated their 65th wedding anniversary on April 15.
They enjoyed an anniversary dinner with their children and their spouses at their son's house.
William Lee (Bill) Oltman and Betty Jane Wilson were married in Hannibal on April 15, 1949.
They have two children, Terry Oltman and wife, Jeannie, of Hannibal; and Sharon Oltman Johnson and husband, David, of Brownsburg, Ind.
They were blessed with one granddaughter and two grandsons. The blessings continued with three great-grandsons.
Bill was employed through the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. Betty was employed at the International Shoe Factory and the Tuxedo Clothing Store.
Since retirement, Bill has enjoyed refurbishing old tractors.
He and Betty enjoy fishing and spending time with their family. They both are St. Louis Cardinal baseball fans.
Location, ST | website.com


text:
2 arrested on heroin charges in Vt.The Associated Press | February 07,2013BRATTLEBORO - The Vermont Drug Task Force has arrested two men on charges of possessing and trafficking heroin following a three-month investigation.
Police said 25-year-old Joshua Hartwell of Brattleboro and 32-year-old Julio Davila of Holyoke, Mass., were taken into custody on Wednesday in Dummerston.
Both were charged with multiple counts of selling and trafficking heroin. Davila also had an active warrant for his arrest for unrelated charges.
They were scheduled to appear in court today.MORE IN This Just InCASTLETON - Head coach Eric Ramey has announced that the Castleton softball team will once again... Full StoryMONTPELIER Vermont state officials are blaming a lack of seat belt usage, speeding and driving... Full Story
- Most Popular
- Most Emailed


text:
|Josephine: the Dazzling Life of Josephine Baker
|Powell, Patricia Hruby, 1951-
|Firebird: Ballerina Misty Copeland Shows a Young Girl How to Dance Like the Firebird
|Copeland, Misty
|Little Melba and Her Big Trombone
|Russell-Brown, Katheryn, 1961-
|When the Beat Was Born: DJ Kool Herc and the Creation of Hip Hop
|Hill, Laban Carrick
|Nelson Mandela
|Nelson, Kadir
|Knock Knock: My Dad's Dream For Me
|Beaty, Daniel
|I, Too, Am America
|Hughes, Langston
|I Have a Dream
|King, Martin Luther, Jr.
|Ellen's Broom
|Lyons, Kelly Starling
|H.O.R.S.E.: a Game of Basketball and Imagination
|Myers, Christopher
|Evans, Shane
|Heart and Soul: The Story of America and African Americans
|Nelson, Kadir
|Seeds of Change
|Johnson, Jen Cullerton
|Jimi: Sounds Like a Rainbow: A story of the Young Jimi Hendrix
|Golio, Gary
|Dave the Potter: Artist, poet, Slave
|Hill, Laban Carrick
|Negro Speaks of Rivers
|Hughes, Langston
|My People
|Hughes, Langston
|Blacker the Berry: Poems, The
|Thomas, Joyce Carol
|Elliott, Zetta
|We Are the Ship: the Story of Negro League Baseball
|Nelson, Kadir
|Before John Was a Jazz Giant: a Song of John Coltrane
|Weatherford, Carole Boston
|Moon Over Star
|Aston, Dianna Hutts
|Jazz on a Saturday Night
|Dillon, Leo and Dillon, Diane
|Secret Olivia Told Me, The
|Joy, N.
|Let It Shine
|Moses: When Harriet Tubman Led Her People to Freedom
|Weatherford, Carole Boston
|Langston Hughes
|Hughes, Langston
|Myers, Walter Dean
|Brothers in Hope: The Story of the Lost Boys of Sudan
|Williams, Mary
|Giovanni, Nikki
|Jazzy Miz Mozeta
|Roberts, Brenda C.
|People Could Fly, The: the PictureBook
|Hamilton, Virginia
|God bless the Child
|Holiday, Billie and Herzog, Arthur Jr.
|Ellington Was Not a Street
|Shange, Ntozake
|Beautiful Blackbird
|Bryan, Ashley
|My Family Plays Music
|Cox, Judy
|Almost to Freedom
|Nelson, Vaunda Micheaux
|Thunder Rose
|Nolen, Jerdine
|Moon Ring, The
|DuBurke, Randy
|Visiting Langston
|Perdomo, Willie
|Rap A Tap Tap: Here's Bojangles -- Think of That
|Dillon, Leo and Dillon, Diane
|Talkin' About Bessie: The Story of Aviator Elizabeth Coleman
|Grimes, Nikki
|Freedom Summer
|Wiles, Deborah
|Martin's Big Words: The Life of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
|Rappaport, Doreen
|Goin' Someplace Special
|McKissack, Patricia C.
|Collier, Bryan
|Freedom River
|Rappaport, Doreen
|Only Passing Through: The Story of Sojourner Truth
|Rockwell, Anne
|Virgie Goes to School with Us Boys
|Howard, Elizabeth Fitzgerald
|Black Cat
|Myers, Christopher
|My Rows and Piles of Coins
|Mollel, Tololwa M.
|In the Time of the Drums
|Siegelson, Kim L.
|Piano Man, The
|Chocolate, Debbie
|Duke Ellington: The Piano Prince and His Orchestra
|Pinkney, Andrea Davis
|Bat Boy and His Violin, The
|Curtis, Gavin
|I Have Heard of a Land
|Thomas, Joyce Carol
|I see the rhythm
|Igus, Toyomi
|Harlem: a Poem
|Myers, Walter Dean
|In Daddy's Arms I am Tall: African American Celebrating Fathers
|Ashley Bryan's ABC of African American Poetry
|Bryan, Ashley
|Hunterman and the Crocodile: A West African Tale, The
|Diakite, Baba Wague
|Minty: A Story of Young Harriet Tubman
|Schroeder, Alan
|Neeny Coming, Neeny Going
|English, Karen
|Running the Road To ABC
|Lauture, Denize
|Palm of My Heart: Poetry by African American Children, The
|Adedjouma, Davida (ed.)
|Faithful Friend, The
|San Souci, Robert D.
|Middle Passage: White Ships Black Cargo, The
|Feelings, Tom
|Her Stories
|Hamilton, Virginia
|Creation, The
|Johnson, James Weldon
|Singing Man, The
|Medearis, Angela Shelf
|Meet Danitra Brown
|Grimes, Nikki
|Uncle Jed's Barbershop
|Mitchell, Margaree King
|Soul Looks Back in Wonder
|Angelou, Maya
|Brown Honey in Broom Wheat Tea
|Thomas, Joyce Carol
|Little Eight John
|Wahl, Jan
|Origin of Life on Earth: an African Creation Myth
|Anderson, David A.
|Working Cotton
|Williams, Sherley Anne
|Sukey and the Mermaid
|San Souci, Robert D.
|Tar Beach
|Ringgold, Faith
|All Night, All Day: A Child's First Book of African American Spirituals
|Price, Leontyne
|Talking Eggs, The
|San Souci, Robert D.
|Nathaniel Talking
|Greenfield, Eloise
|Storm in the Night
|Stolz, Mary
|Mirandy and Brother Wind
|McKissack, Patricia C.
|Under the Sunday Tree
|Greenfield, Eloise
|Invisible Hunters: A Legend from the Miskito Indians of Nicaragua
|Rohmer, Harriet
|Mufaro's Beautiful Daughters: An African Tale
|Steptoe, John
|What a Morning! The Christmas Story in Black Spirituals
|Langstaff, John (ed.)
|Cummings, Pat
|Lion and the Ostrich Chicks and Other African Folk Tales
|Bryan, Ashley
|Half a Moon and One Whole Star
|Dragonwagon, Crescent
|Patchwork Quilt
|Flournoy, Valerie
|People Could Fly: American Black Folktales
|Hamilton, Virginia
|My Mama Needs Me
|Walter, Mildred Pitts
|Just Us Women
|Caines, Jeannette
|I'm Going to Sing: Black American Spirituals
|Bryan, Ashley
|All the Colors of the Race
|Adoff, Arnold
|Black Child
|Mugubane, Peter
|Feelings, Tom and Greenfield, Eloise
|Mother Crocodile; an Uncle Amadou Tale from Sengal
|Diop, Birago
|Beat the Story Drum, Pum-Pum
|Bryan, Ashley
|Grandmama's Joy
|Greenfield, Eloise
|Count on Your Fingers African Style
|Zaslavsky, Claudia
|Yarbrough, Camille
|Something on My Mind
|Feelings, Tom and Grimes, Nikki
|Africa Dream
|Greenfield, Eloise
|Ray Charles
|Mathis, Sharon Bell


text:
Migliano, AB;
Romero, IG;
Metspalu, M;
Leavesley, M;
Pagani, L;
Antao, T;
Huang, DW;
Migliano, AB;
Romero, IG;
Metspalu, M;
Leavesley, M;
Pagani, L;
Antao, T;
Huang, DW;
Sherman, BT;
Siddle, K;
Scholes, C;
Hudjashov, G;
Kaitokai, E;
Babalu, A;
Belatti, M;
Cagan, A;
Hopkinshaw, B;
Shaw, C;
Nelis, M;
Metspalu, E;
Mägi, R;
Lempicki, RA;
Villems, R;
Lahr, MM;
Kivisild, T;
- view fewer
Evolution of the pygmy phenotype: evidence of positive selection fro genome-wide scans in African, Asian, and Melanesian pygmies.
Hum Biol
, 85
pp. 251-284.
Human pygmy populations inhabit different regions of the world, from Africa to Melanesia. In Asia, short-statured populations are often referred to as "negritos." Their short stature has been interpreted as a consequence of thermoregulatory, nutritional, and/or locomotory adaptations to life in tropical forests. A more recent hypothesis proposes that their stature is the outcome of a life history trade-off in high-mortality environments, where early reproduction is favored and, consequently, early sexual maturation and early growth cessation have coevolved. Some serological evidence of deficiencies in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis have been previously associated with pygmies' short stature. Using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotype data, we first tested whether different negrito groups living in the Philippines and Papua New Guinea are closely related and then investigated genomic signals of recent positive selection in African, Asian, and Papuan pygmy populations. We found that negritos in the Philippines and Papua New Guinea are genetically more similar to their nonpygmy neighbors than to one another and have experienced positive selection at different genes. These results indicate that geographically distant pygmy groups are likely to have evolved their short stature independently. We also found that selection on common height variants is unlikely to explain their short stature and that different genes associated with growth, thyroid function, and sexual development are under selection in different pygmy groups.
|Evolution of the pygmy phenotype: evidence of positive selection fro genome-wide scans in African, Asian, and Melanesian pygmies.
|United States
|Adaptation, Physiological, African Continental Ancestry Group, Anthropology, Physical, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Biological Evolution, Body Height, Genetic Variation, Genetics, Population, Genotype, Humans, Oceanic Ancestry Group, Papua New Guinea, Phenotype, Philippines, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
|UCL classification:
|UCL > School of Arts and Social Sciences > Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences
UCL > School of Arts and Social Sciences > Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences > Anthropology
Archive Staff Only
|View Item


text:
History & Politics
Private Sneden of the 40th New York of the Army of the Potomac served his country in several ways. He was assigned work as a quartermaster, but within days his talent and persistence at sketches and maps brought him to the attention of General Sedgwick who quickly put him to work. The Eye of the Storm combines his unusually detailed journal and often full-color drawings with excellent commentary from Virginia historians. This volume captures his journey from battlefields to encampments to the horrors of Andersonville prison.
History, particularly popular history, need not be dull, something that Cormac O'Brien demonstrates readily in his book, The Forgotten History of America. Written in a conversational tone and broken into vignettes, old history is made new when written this way. Even so, it's not the standard stuff taught in schools. It's about wars and both sides in those wars, reaching back to the country's colonial beginnings in the 16th century. With personalities writ large on both sides and a good understanding of the differences in modern and historical society, O'Brien leads his readers on journeys back in time:
It begins with the first permanent European settlement in North America:
Pedro Menedez de Aviles anxiously paced the deck of his flagship, San Pelayo. Two days earlier, off the coast of Florida, he had gone ashore and met with Indians who offered valuable information about the prey he was desperately seeking. Now, confident of success, he led his five vessels northward along the coastline, scanning the beaches for any sign of European settlement. The day was September 4, 1565, and Menendez was hunting heretics.
Colonial Churches of Virginia is a beautiful and beautifully-written work that does a good job of giving the history and architectural highlights of more than 50 historic churches in the Old Dominion. Most are Anglican or Episcopal, but representative early churches can also be found for Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist, Mennonite, and Lutheran congregations. Current service times are noted for each church.
"Fredericksburg in Revolutionary Days: Part II"
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Jan., 1919), pp. 164-175. Parts I and III are also available to read online.
In November, 1775, Harrower tells us of a muster of the minute men of the district, composed of the counties of Spotsylvania, Caroline, King George, and Stafford, which was held at "Belvideira," below the town. In the list of members of the Spotsylvania committee of safety chosen by direction of ordinance of convention on November 17th, of this year, by an assembly of freeholders of the county, meeting in Fredericksburg we find the town represented by Fielding Lewis, Charles Washington, George Thornton and Hugh Mercer. Throughout the Revolutionary War Fredericksburg was a center of distinction. "There is not one spot in the State so generally useful in our military operations," wrote James Mercer in April, 1781. The spring of 1781 witnessed in Virginia that remarkable campaign of the gallant young Marquis de LaFayette; the wonderfully conducted retreat from Richmond leading Cornwallis away from that important center and attempting a juncture with Wayne, who was on his way from Pennsylvania with reinforcements.
William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine (William and Mary Quarterly)
Volume XXVII, No. 2. October 1918. pp. 73-95. Parts II and III may also be read online.
In a charming diary kept by him while under indentures to Colonel William Daingerfield, of Belvideira (a plantation on the river about seven miles below Fredericksburg) John Harrower a clever Scotchman, and schoolmaster to the youth of the Daingerfield and other neighboring households, was wont from time to time to copy letters which he had addressed to his "kith and kin" across the seas. In a letter to his wife in Lerwick in Scotland, sent under date of December 6, 1774, Harrower, after alluding to the "hote war" on the frontier which had terminated in the sanguinary battle of Point Pleasant: the conflict known to history as Dunmore's War, refers to the trouble then brewing between the Mother Country and her American colonies.
You can find them on a map. Barely. Little towns that used to be rather important hubs dot the Virginia countryside, dating from the days when agriculture ruled along with the horse and buggy or mule and wagon. These central spots, often near rail stations, rivers, or better roads, were communities in their own right and many have faded away as the interstate system grew. The Lost Communities of Virginia, by Terri Fisher and Kirsten Sparenborg, takes a look at these fading places, several of them near our area, including Mineral, Woodford, and Milford.
Fans of Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Café can relate to little Milford, situated in Caroline County and still located on a railroad line. Originally the popular area here was Doguetown, named for the Dogue Indians who used the Mattaponi River for transportation. Milford, named for a nearby plantation in 1792, also used the river as a point for shipping—and inspecting—tobacco. The Mattaponi River was connected to both the York River and the Chesapeake Bay. By the early 1840s, the Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad ran from Richmond to Aquia Creek with a stop in Milford. Milford's North-South railroad connections made it a target in the Civil War.
The opening months of the Civil War had a certain boldness and cachet to them. Young men in particular signed up in droves. Picnickers came down from D.C. to take a gander at the First Battle of Manassas, discovering all too quickly that war is no theatrical entertainment. However, four years later when the South was playing an end-game, the damage to not just its army but also to its civilians was clearly a factor in its surrender. In 1863, there had been bread riots in Richmond. In 1864, the Shenandoah Valley's crops and businesses had been burned by Union General Sheridan who was advised by his commander Grant to "Give the enemy no rest ... Do all the damage to railroads and crops you can."
And so it was. The civilians and soldiers alike were hit with shortages, and the last year of the war was a particularly brutal time. In William C. Davis' and James I. Robertson, Jr.'s Virginia at War: 1865, the editors include eight essays by modern scholars and a diary from a Virginia woman, the wife of a minister, who observed that last year from her refugee quarters in Richmond where she served as a nurse and a clerk.
A customer recently called me to tell me that he loved The President's House, by Margaret Truman, so when I gave a talk in Northern Virginia a few days later, I passed on the recommendation to the group. The next customer who read it just called to tell me that he is really enjoying this book, too. Several of the book reviews said that it is a fun and interesting look at the White House written by a woman who has a deep love for this national icon because she was lucky enough to grow up there.
The personal histories included in All There Is are compelling and powerful. Some are joyous celebrations of love and companionship, while others are stoic accounts of tragedy and perseverance. Despite their differences, each narrative is characterized by an overpowering sense of authenticity. The stories recorded in All There Is were not shared for personal gain or publicity. Rather, they were collected through the efforts of StoryCorps, an oral history project that allows any willing volunteer to record his or her most precious memories and experiences. The participants share the most essential aspects of their lives in interviews that are recorded for their personal archives and, in many cases, for the American Folklife Center.
Since its debut in 2003, the StoryCorps project has spread across the United States, recording over 40,000 interviews. As Dave Isay, StoryCorps' founder, states, "StoryCorps' mission is to provide Americans of all backgrounds and beliefs with the opportunity to record, share, and preserve the stories of our lives. With a relentless focus on recording the stories of people who are often excluded from the historical record, StoryCorps captures lives that would otherwise be lost to history and reminds the nation that every story matters and every voice counts."
The Seventeenth Child, by Dorothy Marie Rice & Lucille Mabel Walthall Payne, sets down the memories of a childhood lived in the countryside of 1930s Virginia by a black woman who grew up before the Civil Rights Movement made so many gains. These remembrances are plain, soft-spoken and ring true to an age that was certainly different from the one we know. In some ways, it was a harder time as in her earliest years even basic food was very hard to come by and the sharecropping system made it difficult for all farmers, black and white, to get ahead or even stay afloat during the bad harvest years.
But it was the warmth of family, faith, shared hardship and simple joys that made those days good as well as difficult. The children worked, not only because their help was needed but because it was understood that working was a good thing in and of itself. They helped pull and tend tobacco, can vegetables, sew quilts, raise chickens, and shell corn. Lucille Payne tells of how hard it was to earn money. How sometimes her mother might not be paid much more than fifty cents for a hard day's washing of filthy clothes in a dark and cold shed. Well, fifty cents and a hambone that might not be fit to eat without it being scrubbed, too, and sometimes not even then. But her mother said, "Well, you accept what they give you; next time it might be better."
It wasn't all about acceptance. Sometimes Lucille would see her mother spit in the water while she washed and she would ask her why she did that. "That helps to get them clean." But I know she was just so angry because she had to survive. When you have so many children you have to survive the best way you can. Likewise, when white children rode the bus to their segregated school, leaving the black children to walk and even calling them names, the black children got a bit of revenge…and a chance to be better than their so-called betters with an act of charity.


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Concord Public Safety Communications is a separate civilian organizational unit operating within the Concord Police Department chain of command according to the policies, procedures and guidelines of both Concord Police and Fire Departments.
The Communications Unit is comprised of 8 full-time Dispatchers and 1 per-diem Dispatcher supervised by a Lead Dispatcher. Full-time Dispatchers operate on a 4-day on, 2-day off shift rotation filling three daily 8-hour shift assignments to provide the community with 24-hour service 7 days per week.
All dispatch personnel are certified emergency telecommunications and law enforcement data professionals trained to the standards of the Massachusetts Statewide Emergency Telecommunications Board, Massachusetts Criminal History Systems Board, National Academy of Emergency Medical Dispatch and the Association of Public Safety Communications Professionals (APCO) Intl. Several Dispatchers also hold additional certifications as Special Officers, Firefighters and Emergency Medical Technicians on an individual basis.


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As Smokers Take Refuge Outside, the Butts Pile Up
By DOUGLAS MARTIN
Published: May 15, 1996
Huddles of smokers puffing away on the doorsteps of their smoke-free office buildings have become a new and ubiquitous feature of the municipal landscape. And, consensus has it, not a pretty one -- particularly after a good rain leaves piles of soggy cigarette butts.
"This is an unforeseen but unsightly consequence of the new smoking laws," Gretchen Dykstra, president of the Times Square Business Improvement District, said. "Sometimes, people put their cigarettes out, but for the most part, they just flick it down, stamp it out and off they go."
According to estimates by the Times Square B.I.D., its workers sweep up 12,672 butts a day, or more than 4.6 million butts a year. If you lined up all these stubs, averaging 2 inches in length, they would reach 146 miles, about the distance to Baltimore, and weigh 18 tons, about as much as two adult elephants.
In the face of the avalanche of butts that has been mounting since 1995, when smoking in nearly all public buildings in New York City was severely restricted, the district and city are starting an offensive to grind butts to submission.
The B.I.D. is offering to pay half the cost of outdoor receptacles installed by any building in its district and has set up a $10,000 fund for this purpose.
As part of a pilot program, the city is to pay for "Can Your Butts" signs, to be printed on sanitation trucks and trash baskets serving the district. Some 3,000 little tin ashtrays with the same slogan will be supplied by the improvement district and given out by its cleaning crew to smokers who will accept them, Ms. Dykstra said.
While there are more butts, they are also more visible as the "crossroads of the world" cleans up its act. Cleanliness ratings by the Mayor's Office of Management are now regularly over 90 percent, compared with 50 percent in January 1992.
"The positive side is that a lot of the larger issues have been addressed," said Lucian Chalfen, a spokesman for the Sanitation Department. "Now we're starting to notice things that are less than an ounce and two inches long."
Hazel Kronberg, who works for a travel company at 1560 Broadway, at 46th Street, said she goes outside to smoke three or four times a day and usually throws her butts in the gutter.
But she said she would welcome an opportunity to dispose of them properly.
"If I had a place to put it, I would not throw it on the ground," Ms. Kronberg said. "I don't throw anything else on the ground."
Photo: A pilot program is using posters like this one to urge smokersnot to litter. (Marilyn K. Yee/The New York Times) Chart: "LONG AND SHORT OF IT: How Many Butts Make a Ton?" Here is how the Times Square Business Improvement District came up with figures on how many cigarette butts it sweeps up: A random sampling was taken at different days of the week at various locations within the district, which extends from West 40th to 53d streets, and from Eighth Avenue almost to the Avenue of the Americas. Each worker sweeps up an average of 4.5 pounds of butts a day. With 22 workers, that's 99 pounds a day, or 36,135 pounds a year, or 18 tons a year. Eight butts equal an ounce. That's 128 butts per pound. With 99 pounds a day, that's 12,672 butts, or 4,625,280 per year. The average butt is 2 inches long. That's 6 per foot, or 18 per yard, or 31,680 per mile. That's 146 miles of cigarette butts per year.


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Staying Safe
Magna man took photos up woman's dress at bank, police say
A Magna man has been arrested after police say he used his cellphone to take pictures up a bank employee's dress.
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Ben Lockhart | Posted
Aug 29th - 4:54pm
Police say they have arrested a man responsible for the vandalism of at least a few of the more than 80 trees damaged in West Jordan and South Jordan over the past month.
Man found dead inside auto repair shop vehicle
Pat Reavy | Posted
Aug 29th - 4:14pm
Employees of a Salt Lake City auto repair shop arrived at work Monday to find a dead body in one of their vehicles.
FBI offers $50K reward for capture of FLDS leader Lyle Jeffs
Dennis Romboy | Posted
Aug 29th - 4:06pm
The FBI offered a $50,000 reward Monday for information leading to the arrest and conviction of FLDS Church leader Lyle Steed Jeffs.
Utah County Jail receives high rating, positive feedback on Google reviews
Lindsey Johnson | Posted
Aug 29th - 12:47pm
The Utah County Jail in Spanish Fork has earned a 4.7 out of 5 rating on Google with 47 reviews from people who have had experiences with the jail.
Woman sent to prison in DUI death at Wal-Mart parking lot
Pat Reavy | Posted
Aug 29th - 12:18pm
A woman who prosecutors say was driving drunk when she hit and killed a man in a Wal-Mart parking lot has been sentenced to prison.
Explore historic mining town on local hike
Arianne Brown, KSL.com Contributor | Posted
Aug 29th - 11:35am
This week's Hike of the Week takes you through the historic mining town of Ophir, and up through the stunning Oquirrh Mountain Range.
Popular 'graffiti bowl' in Weber County closed due to crime
The Associated Press | Posted
Aug 29th - 10:32am
An old water basin covered in graffiti in Weber County that served as a popular hangout has been filled in due to concern about criminal activity.
Utah family competes on Season 7 of 'The Great Food Truck Race'
Lindsey Johnson | Posted
Aug 29th - 10:12am
The Great Food Truck Race and host Tyler Florence are back for the show's seventh season of food, sweat and tears, this time welcoming three of Utah's own Lei-Away Leidies.
Make Your Week: 2 acts of service
Megan Marsden Christensen | Posted
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With so much bad news in the world, it's refreshing to hear the good news.
ICYMI: 10 stories from the weekend
Xoel Cardenas and Sean Walker | Posted
Aug 29th - 7:41am
Here are 10 stories you may have missed this weekend. As always, click on the headline to read the full story.
Holladay family credits hard decisions with helping their toddler's cancer disappear
Heather Simonsen | Posted
Aug 28th - 10:25pm
They had a 50-50 chance that their baby would beat cancer. Now, a Holladay family has the best news possible, and they credit some hard decisions along the way.
1 dead, 4 arrested in Salt Lake drug deal gone bad, police say
Dennis Romboy | Posted
Aug 28th - 9:57pm
One man is dead and four others are in jail after a shooting and car crash Sunday near the Rio Grande station in what police say was a drug deal gone bad.
Feds urge court to uphold San Juan commissioner's trespassing conviction
Dennis Romboy | Posted
Aug 28th - 9:04pm
Federal prosecutors are urging an appeals court to uphold the conviction of San Juan County Commissioner Phil Lyman for leading an illegal ATV protest ride in a closed southern Utah canyon.
Utah ranks No. 5 in producing AmeriCorps members
Wendy Leonard | Posted
Aug 28th - 8:02pm
Utah produces the fifth-highest number of volunteers for AmeriCorps, with the majority of them being college and university students.
U. students invent video game to help diagnose lazy eye in kids
Daphne Chen | Posted
Aug 28th - 7:00pm
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Woman dies after falling 100 feet at Mt. Olympus
Carter Williams | Posted
Aug 28th - 6:25pm
A 36-year-old woman died after falling about 100 feet while hiking Mt. Olympus Sunday afternoon, police said.
BLM gets new Utah director, and land challenges await
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Aug 28th - 5:53pm
A 37-year veteran of the Bureau of Land Management has been selected to lead state operations in Utah, a position that has been without a permanent head for a year. Edwin Roberson was director of the BLM's National Operations Center.
Successful transition from prison takes 'a thousand little investments,' ex-offender tells professionals
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Aug 28th - 12:36pm
Addressing criminal justice and human services professionals Wednesday, former offender Kenny O'Rourke says his recovery and successful transition from prison was due to thousands of "little investments" in his well-being.
Orem resident Dan Hemmert appointed to Utah Senate
Dennis Romboy | Posted
Aug 28th - 10:46am
Gov. Gary Herbert appointed Orem resident Dan Hemmert to the Utah Senate on Friday.
Utah militia leader's case slowed as lawyer eyes recordings
Brady McCombs, Associated Press | Posted
Aug 28th - 9:07am
Numerous hours of secretly recorded video and audio taken by undercover FBI agents has bogged down the case of a Utah militia group leader accused of trying to blow up a federally owned cabin.
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Vanilla Ice through the years
Photo: Jason Janik
Vanilla Ice poses for a photo and shows off his tattoos after a performance at Firewater Bar & Grill in Dallas, Texas, on Tuesday, June 13, 2006.
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So I wrote Divine Blood Descending as my last blog post prior to this one. Yesterday on 5/22 – 22 the Universal cosmic heart – love empowered, I went to my mothers for dinner, as we prepared the food in the kitchen she mentioned casually to me that she had received a box of her Grandmothers journals. I just looked at her in awe. She asked me if we should open the box, I said YES! and so we did. My great grandmother, whom I have never met, long ago passed away. As I opened the box and took out each journal we realized there was YEARS documented in it. She had kept clear and diligent records of EVERY DAY each year writing one full page each day. I curled up with one of the older ones and randomly opened the book. Carefully written in pencil, in near-perfect cursive, I read her words.
Powerful TOOLS into the mind of the writer words are. Oh what to choose, which experience do you document, which phrase do you leave as permanent record of who you are for your descendants to see. I had pondered this just DAYS before this box sat in front of me. This happens all the time. Something enters my field of awareness and I see it or muse on it and within days it becomes real. It happens all the time, and most of the time I'm not even aware of it, it just happens synchronistically and I see it and track it from there. It's as if I'm having a one on one conversation with synch itself. Inhaling, exhaling thoughts mixed with feelings, delicately whispering their sounds in forms of images or words, and then they happen. I cannot explain it. If I try to it stops being clear. If I rationalize it, the feelings disappear. It is like a fog of pure light that comes into a bay gently and fleetingly for a moment and the dream swims around, I see things or am called to something and I go, I absolutely cannot force it in anyway. If I try it slips off just out of reach. As it happens I have no thought of why its coming, what it might mean, I just see it and go into it and spirit guides me through. Then I express it and it happens, the vision comes true. But this is not the same as willfully manifesting, dreaming what I want and having it come to me. This is something else that has nothing to do with me, and it has completely captured my attention.
So just a few days prior, I saw the vision of my divinity within activating my blood and DNA and then passing that energy onto the next female born in my bloodline. Purposefully exploring the thought that if I imagine her now, if I meditate on illuminating my DNA which is her, then when she appears here in the physical world and manifests, she is then empowered by her ancestors, me. I am her ancestor. Just as my ancestors speak to me now. I spent a good amount of time imagining this, fully exploring the feeling of it. I could see the family lines, the pulling together of male and female – the love stories that would bring them together – the women who would be attracted to my sons to help bring the descendants into this world. I saw my linage grow. I saw the ever present synch flow powerfully through them each, I saw the conceptions, the timings, I saw the moon and the sun move into place. Then she was there. I could see her. I visualized all that I am in my totality infusing into her. I lucidly consciously willed my love and light into her. I could see myself flowing within her veins and I knew then at that moment my own immortality. I saw all of my visions, all of my prayers, all of my passion, love, emotional connections there, inside of her. I carefully selected only visions of pure love, moments in my life that have lifted me towards God, towards the light, moments that have held intense passion, complete connection and synchronistic twine. Genetic healing. I saw how to go into the future/my future, through my DNA.
Then this box arrives. Filled with my ancestor. Words, thoughts, prayers, stories from my Great Grandmother on my mothers side. My Grandfathers mother. I was connecting back thru the matriarchal line in my family through my own mother. A few days before I imagined the feeling of going forward. Now with these journals I'd experience the same thing only going backwards. Backwards through the genetic line, genetic memory, time travel to the past. So I began to read. Her immaculate recording keeping track of everything – the hours my great grandfather worked, what she made for dinner, what the weather was – in the box we discovered she had kept full journals of only the weather as well. What! I was stunned. In the box were three separate journals about the weather kept immaculately every day for the entire year. I thought back to my weather dancing post on the recent tornado here on my blog. This was getting weird even for me. But I held steady and kept going. There was an amazing thing here. I wrote about weather dancing and how emotions create the weather….and a few days later I find out my own great grandmother was a weather tracker! Was I connecting to her will of watching the weather in my musing on weather dancing earlier? Did she pass on that thought like I passed on my inner most love to my visioned great granddaughter just the other night? Perhaps she wasn't doing it consciously back then, but NOW – here in this place in time – could I feel the pull? Perhaps I had just processed it artistically here in this space. As I connected with her words on her journal I moved in time. Kind of like in the Movie The Butterfly Effect – at least that is what comes to mind as I write this now. Reading the words on the journal page and changing where I am in time.
But if there is only the Now, then even the past and the future take place right here inside me. So as I have the feeling of moving in time and space, perhaps I am only moving through my Yin and each highlighted genetic memory living within my DNA made up of all I have been, all I am now, and all I will ever be lights up and shows me what is hidden there in each seed of thought and feeling. As I pull back and visualize it I see what looks like bubbles and in each bubble is a thought or memory coordinated in a beautiful synch pattern of dualistic resonating twine.
I looked at the journals and picked up each one and carefully opened it to a random page. I had found some of her school books with notes and lessons learned. There was no scribble on the edges like I had done when I was young, no boredom here, she was focused and diligent. I opened another book and this one was a locked diary – although the lock had long broken and the pages were falling out, this one was of her when she was a elementary or middle school age – ah true insight, we always lock away our most intimate thoughts under key believing at the moment no one will ever read the words. . It spoke of friendships and school crushes on boys and her inner conflict on love and why a certain boy acted like he liked her but yet then acted like he didn't and her struggle with that which was obvious by her anger and uncertainty shared in words on her page and highlighted by emotional underlining of words meant to get her feelings across even if only to herself – and yet now me as well. Words I understood. As I entered her emotions I felt stronger, more alive. There was a bridged synch deep within my mind.
Through the Grandmothers we find our power. Our deep hidden feminine heart. In our descendants we pass it on. We here in the NOW are the dreamers of the future and the dreams of the past. January 1st 1951, she writes how she hopes people will find love this year and less sorrow. How if they would only let Gods love reach them they would know how powerful that love is. Here in her words I feel her love for life. I feel her effort to live.
I asked my mother if I could take one of the journals home so I could read it cover to cover, she said yes. I picked up year 1951. My mother looked at me and said that is the year I was born, look up my birthday. So I did. There on that page in my great grandmothers own handwriting she wrote about the birth of my mother, and everything she did that day to announce it. As my mother was born, so was I. With her birth I was one step closer to my own. There it was again that feeling of traveling down a line through time. As if on a cord. Umbilical? Sacred blood line.
So here I am with my great grandmothers journal on my altar and feeling the vision of my great granddaughter to come. Reading and connecting with my ancestors and also my descendants in the NOW through my bloodline. Consciously focusing energy on my DNA. If I can do it with two generations can I do it with more? how far back can I go? how far forward can I see? Validation was coming through my own personal experiences and my writings along with real life, real time happenings and events. There was no way this could be faked or even manipulated. How could I explain what was happening to me as my consciousness moved along this thought – out of body – like experience? It was as if I was remote viewing into the minds of those in my bloodline and moving around in them. Now as I reflect and write about it, I get flashes into where else this could go.
Every spark of life within our blood/DNA from all the branches of the tree in which we live – of who makes us who we are right now, every conception, every merger, every birth breeding deeper through time. Every attraction that led to creation was right here in the fingers tapping on the key board, and yet moving far far beyond. Like a river of energy flowing back into center. The center of the spiral. Family. Lineage. Everything you leave behind and bring with you. Each child born carrying it forward. All the love, the memories, the experiences, the emotions, the hurts and the pains, the cyclic attachments, biological biographies written in long hand and spoken in prayers – right here.
If we can all be traced back to the same mother DNA. Then doesn't that mean I/we have access to all memories? Doesn't that mean I am/we are the product of all visions and dreams collectively? Doesn't that mean that every pain and joy any one of us have experienced lives within me/you? It would mean we are all the same, made up of all the same dust and genetic memories ultimately – with some sparks being stronger then others, some more dominate – yet all there regardless energetically. I am you, you are me. We reside inside each other and have a link through that shared spark. Fractals of each other. Yes.
As I read my great grandmothers words I moved into another perspective. Hers. I shifted inside myself to shape shift into her. Now what if at that exact moment she consciously thought of me and choose to pass on her power? What would happen to my interaction with her consciousness right at that very moment? Would I light up? So I began to practice that thought forward to the vision of my own granddaughter. I see her thinking of me, reading my words, looking into a picture of my eyes and I look back. I speak to her. I have the thought of pure love manifesting inside of her as powerfully as I can imagine it. I imagine at that very moment she connects back in time to me right now as I do this, and in this moment there is no difference between me and her, here and there, now and to come. It is all one. Imagine if we all did this and empowered all humanity this way. I wonder what would happen?


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When I navigate to my "index.php" and click on login or go directly to "wp-login.php", I arrive at the "index of /wp-admin" page rather than to the expected login screen. Any ideas?
When I navigate to my "index.php" and click on login or go directly to "wp-login.php", I arrive at the "index of /wp-admin" page rather than to the expected login screen. Any ideas?
If you have previously loggedin, w/o hitting the "Logout" link, it will automatically log you back in.
Barry - The file wp-login.php is in the "wordpress" directory (or whatever your main blog install directory is called), not in the wp-admin subdirectory. Your browser seems to be looking for login.php in the wrong directory (wp-admin) and, not finding it, is displaying a unix style view of the wp-admin directory, if I'm understanding you correctly. I can think of some possibilities, but they depend on your OS and server setup. Maybe if you provide more details about your installation somebody can help. I'm not presently near the computer with my WP install. All I can suggest from where I'm at is that maybe your directory structure or contents got messed up somehow. Or your "main" index.php ended up in /wp-admin subdirectory replacing the small index.php that's normally there and just does a little re-directing.
I've installed in my apache htdocs folder (Win 2k), unzipped from original zip file. Followed install.php, and all appears to be fine. When I place http://localhost/wp-login.php into my browser, as expected, I come to the login page. However, once I fill out username and password to login, I am taken to the Index of /wp-admin page with a listing of the .php files contained within. Not quite the behavior I was expecting. Happens this way whether or not I am currently logged in. If I hit the link for "back to blog", it takes me to my default index.htm webpage.
To barrygb
I think you need to modify Apache's configuration file to tell it look for index.php as index. Search for index.htm, then add index.php (if it's not there)
I forgot if Apache 2.0 does that, because my Apache 188.8.131.52 defaults to look for index.php
Same thing applies on IIS (as it doesn't look for any *.php by default). So a safe way could be to do a redirect index.htm (with meta-data redirect)
Perhaps I'm missing something, after you login is it supposed to take you to the index page with the listing of all the .php files?
No. You you should see a nice administrator's page, probably ready to
write an article, but where you'll select tabs to do things like post,
edit, set options, etc. You'll know it when you see it.
Now that I'm home on the PC w/ my WP installation, I can duplicate your experience by deleting the index.php file from the /wp-admin folder. Your main, or default, index file should be index.php (probably not index.htm as you mentioned earlier) in your root (/htdocs) folder. But you should also have another index.php file in the /wp-admin folder. It's a small file, about 300 bytes. If you don't see it there, extract it from your wp zip file.
If that's not it, then Jerry's suggestion about your httpd.conf file may be where to turn next. However, TG who posted above was betting that the necessary /wp-admin/index.php file is missing, and so am I.
index.php exists in both my htdocs folder and the wp-admin folder..... the one in the wp-admin folder is merely a redirect with only a couple of lines in it.
index.php in my browser brings me to a nice "my weblog" page, login brings me to the unexpected /wp-admin page with a listing of the .php files
Same if I try to login from http://localhost/wp-login.php
best illustrated by http://www.barrygb.com/weblog.jpg
and http://www.barrygb.com/weblog1.jpg
Oddly enough, works perfectly on my linux box....................
To Barry,
Having just installed WordPress 1.0.2 and experienced but overcame the "issue with install.php" as described under another post with this name; I was then faced with the problem you have described in your post. Except with this difference that I would receive a message saying 'Directory Listing Denied' given the fact of course that my hosted server does not allow directory contents to be listed.
It was Jerry's post that pointed me in the right direction! I indeed needed to tell the webserver to look for index.php as the default document. Thus I added index.php to the range of already defined default documents such as default.htm default.asp, index.htm, index.html, index.asp, index.php and it worked! Thanks Jerry!
The reason why you get to see your blog as illustrated on http://www.barrygb.com/weblog.jpg is because the full filename: index.php had been included in the URI at the addressbar of your browser.
However in case of what is illustrated on http://www.barrygb.com/weblog1.jpg the URI is merely a path not including a filename. The behaviour of most webservers is that it will try to display any of the default documents as defined; alternatively if it cannot find such a (index) file it will list the contents of the directory itself. As shown in your case.
Revisited Jerry's comment again and take it from there! Hope this was helpful.
An excellent explanation, FD, in conjunction with Jerry's. If you're on a hosted server and don't have access to httpd.conf, would that go in a .htacess file (if you couldn't get the admin to modify httpd.conf)? Fortunately, I haven't run into the problem you guys had, but this seems like good stuff to learn about.
I did experience the same problem and modifying the httpd.conf solved it.
Thanks AHB
I have the same problem now, and it's a hosted server. (sorry about previous post, kept hitting Enter by accident)
Would editing .htaccess fix the redirect problem, and how would I go about doing that?
I had the same problem as Barry a short while ago however editing the httpd.conf file resolved it.
I am running W2K with Apache 2.0.52 and WordPress 1.3-alpha-4.
Below is the line in httpd.conf that you need to edit. The line below reflects my settings. The point is to have index.php included somewhere in the line. I hope this helps anyone having the same issue.
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var default.htm default.html index.htm
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Janina Häusler
Janina Häusler
Research Assistant, PhD Student
Technical University of Munich
TUM School of Education
Friedl Schöller Endowed Chair
for Teaching and Learning Research
Visiting address:
Marsstraße 20-22
80335 München
Postal address:
Arcisstraße 21
80333 München
Room: 270
Office Hours: click herehttps://www.edu.tum.de/en/studies/contact/praktikumsamt/
Tel.: +498928924395
E-Mail: janina.haeusler(at)tum.de
Career development
Janina Häusler began her work as a research assistant at the Friedl Schöller-Endowed Chair for Teaching and Learning Research in May 2013. She is employed in the DFG-sponsored project "Interaction – Teacher-Student-Interactions in Classroom" and will develop her PhD in this area. Before this, she studied Education for Secondary School Teaching for Biology and Chemistry at the Technische Universität München and completed her studies with a Master of Education and the First State Exam for Secondary School Teaching. She wrote her master's thesis on "Attitudes of mentors towards the guidance of student teachers in practical internships" at the Chair for Teaching and Learning Research under the supervision of Dr. Alexander Gröschner. During her studies, she worked as a student assistant at the Chair in the DFG-sponsored project Dialogue and has been support for the practical internship TUMpaedagogicum. Furthermore, she was an assistant in the project TUMtwoinone and was involved in student affairs at the TUM School of Education.
Research Interests
- Video analysis
- Students' individual characteristics
- Teacher-student-interactions


text:
by Sylvia Plath
Symbol Analysis
Water is a Big Deal in "Tulips." To be fair, there are all kinds of powerful natural forces running through this poem (light, air, etc.), but water seems to pop up more than all the others, and it makes for some of the strongest images in the poem. Why? Because it helps to voice the speaker's feelings of powerlessness.
- Lines 15-16: In these lines, the speaker uses a simile to compare the way the nurses take care of her to the way that water rolls a stone. The water in this case seems comforting, and it's a nice enough image, but it's also perhaps not so comforting. The nurses – the water – are treating her like an object, like nothing more than a pebble. In this case, the water imagery, while soothing, also shows how belittled the speaker feels.
- Line 27: Now we take a turn for the terrifying, and water becomes something threatening and potentially lethal. In this line, the idea of sinking underwater, even drowning, is used as a metaphor for losing consciousness before surgery. Water is a powerful force, so it makes sense that she would compare it to the sudden grip of anesthesia. When water or drugs grab hold of you, there's no way to fight – and it seems like the speaker doesn't even want to try.
- Line 53: Here she's making an analogy between the way air moves and the way water moves. The water isn't doing anything to her directly in this case, it's just providing her with an image, a way to capture and describe the invisible movement of air, swirling around her detestable tulips. The analogy helps her express just how disruptive these tulips are; they're even messing with the very air around them.
- Line 62: We think this is the weirdest (and maybe the most interesting) use of water in this poem. Suddenly she's tasting warm and salty water. Where is it coming from? Is it something someone gave her to drink? Is she imagining it? Could it just be her own saliva? Honestly, we're not sure we're supposed to be able to figure it out. Even in a poem as personal as this one, the speaker still keeps some secrets, and that's part of what makes it interesting. In any case, the water here, though it seems almost comforting, is a sad reminder of how far away she is from health, and it comes out of the blue.


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