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Different reptile species carry different organisms, including different strains of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, to which they have developed a natural immunity. In some cases, the organisms they carry may even be helpful to them.
Organisms that are harmless to one species can be deadly to another, or one species may be extremely susceptible to the organisms the other species is carrying. This is especially true in cases where the two reptiles come from very different environments and areas of the world.
Housing reptiles together can spread illnesses between them that they cannot successfully fight because they have never encountered the other species' organisms before. This is true for both captive born and wild caught reptiles, though it is even more dangerous with wild caught reptiles, as they may also carry parasites they picked up from their prey.
Many amphibians have toxins in their skin that are poisonous to other reptiles. Such species include Bombina toads, Fire-bellied Newts, Fire Salamanders, Cuban Tree Frogs, and more. Not only can these toxins affect other species through direct contact, but they can also build up in the environment as well, making it hostile to other species that live in it.
Behavior & Stress
Finally, housing multiple species of herps in a single terrarium can be incredibly stressful for one or all of the species. Large herps can injure smaller ones, either accidentally or on purpose. Some herps are very territorial, and some are just downright aggressive. Being confined in a small space with another herp that it views as a predator is very stressful for a reptile.
Reptiles may not know how to interpret or react to the behavioral displays of other reptiles. They may view something that is actually harmless as threatening or vice versa. There can be obvious bullying going on, or psychological bullying that you may not realize is happening. One species may be diurnal while the other is nocturnal, so they are always disturbing the other species while it tries to rest.
All of these things contribute to high levels of stress for the species in the enclosure, which has a very negative effect on their overall health. Reptiles are very susceptible to stress-related illnesses, and repeated, constant exposure to stress can actually kill a reptile.
Size of the Environment
Some reptile owners consider setting up a community terrarium as a way to conserve room, but that would actually increase the amount of space you would need to devote to your herps. A community terrarium would have to be substantially larger than single species terrariums to allow all of the species to have enough room.
Though different reptile species do live within the same areas in nature, they rarely come in contact with each other. Housing multiple species together in a terrarium that isn't big enough is going to cause territorial issues and a higher risk of injury from fights. A terrarium large enough to allow for proper thermoregulation of multiple species, hunting of prey, and other natural behaviors is going to be too large for someone's home.
The Physical Environment
Different species of reptiles have very different habitat requirements. Reptiles are "ectotherms," meaning that they cannot control or regulate their internal body temperature. This is why maintaining proper temperatures and humidity levels is so important to their overall health. A reptile housed in an enclosure that is too cool or too hot will not eat properly and may not be able to digest food. Improper humidity levels can cause infection, disease, and, in some species, death.
But why does a reptile's physical environment pertain to housing multiple species in one terrarium? Because reptiles have needs that are specific to their species. Reptiles tend to have a wider temperature range in which they can live, while amphibians have a smaller safe range. Some herps are from more arid regions, and they require hot, dry conditions. Others are from tropical regions, and they need hot, moist habitats. Even species that live in the same area in the wild often live in separate microclimates. Attempting to recreate multiple environments within the same terrarium is almost impossible, and it is highly likely that you would have to compromise the health of at least one species in the enclosure.
Reptiles may also have different lighting requirements. Some reptiles get sufficient Vitamin D3 from their diets, while others use UVB light as their primary source of Vitamin D3. Some herps will need nocturnal or infrared lights in their enclosure at night, and others require complete darkness. Failing to provide the proper photoperiods with the correct light sources for your reptiles can have a number of consequences, including vitamin and mineral deficiencies, lethargy, anorexia, and more.
In addition to concerns regarding temperature, humidity, and lighting, there is also an issue with the setup and accessories in the cage as well. Herps can be aquatic, semi-aquatic, or terrestrial. Terrestrial reptiles can drown if housed near the large areas of water that aquatic reptiles need. Additionally, some herps are arboreal, and will require branches, perches, and other places to hide and bask high in the cage, while others will spend their time on the ground, and will need substrate to burrow into. Substrate, hide boxes, rocks, plants, and other accessories - all of these vary by species, and what is safe or appropriate for one is often not for another.
To provide all of these different types of environments and accessories within one terrarium would require a very large terrarium, and this is neither possible nor practical in the homes of most reptile owners. It can be hard enough to properly set up and maintain a terrarium for a single species, let alone multiple species with different environmental requirements.
Food & Feeding
Daily diet requirements and how each species feeds can also become a problem. Not only will it be difficult to provide a totally different diet each day if one reptile is an herbivore and one is a carnivore or omnivore, but there is always the possibility that one species will become food for another. Most carnivorous reptiles will view anything that moves in their habitat as a meal. Adults may eat juveniles, or they may attack other adults, especially if one species is smaller.
Even if both species eat the same thing, such as crickets, there can still be issues. If one species is significantly larger than the other, the size of the prey they eat will be different. Large reptiles will eat large crickets, while small ones may only be able to eat hatchling crickets. If a small reptile attempts to eat prey that is too large, gastiointestinal blockage can occur.
There is also a concern that if the two species are not equal in size and strength, the larger species may prevent the smaller one from eating by bullying it and keeping it away from the food, whether that food is crickets, pellets, or fresh vegetation. This would lead to the malnourishment and eventual death of the weaker species.
Finally, there may even be an issue with the way that the different species eat their food. Some carnivorous or omnivorous reptiles will wait patiently until prey is near them to strike. Others will run around, attacking prey seemingly at random. These hunting styles are incompatible, and the reptile that waits for the prey to approach it would not get enough food.
In Conclusion
Yes, zoos can successfully mix species within a single terrarium, but they invest a good deal of time, research, space, and money into it, and they have specialists and veterinarians on hand at all times. Most private reptile owners are not going to have these resources. Keeping two or more herp species in a single terrarium greatly increases the likelihood that there will be serious issues. It is safest for all of your reptiles to house them in single species enclosures rather than a community terrarium.
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How Does Your Dog Feel? Ask This Device
Once upon a time, pet care was a demanding but simple responsibility. But, befitting this age of doggy pampering and dog whisperers, Japanese electronics company Fujitsu says there's still something missing between man and his four-legged best friend: information on how the dog feels at any given moment.
In what Fujitsu claims is the first pet management service of its kind, the firms says it will launch on Wednesday a new Web-linked pet healthcare management service, called "Wandant", that will allow owners to count their dog's every step, stress levels and surrounding temperature even when they are apart. The service is another step in Japan's long-running fascination in better understanding their pets. Japanese toy company Takara created a stir nearly a decade ago when it developed "Bowlingual," a product that it promoted as a dog-to-human translation device.
The name "Wandant" is a hybrid of the friendly Japanese term for dog, "wan wan," and the word "pendant," in reference to the business-card-holder-size data-gathering device to be worn around the dog's neck. The information is collected and sent automatically to the Internet. That data will be converted into graphs onto a personal profile page so owners can keep tabs on their dogs' health through a computer or Android smartphone. (It is currently unavailable on Apple's iPhone.) Consumers can also manually add information such as how much food the dog ate or when it went to the bathroom to help manage its weight, while also keeping a daily diary of that day's activities. Japan Real Time has more.
Follow Scene Asia on Twitter @WSJscene.

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Indoor Grills, Griddles
- Philips Smoke-Less Infrared Grill Sugg. Price $400 Our Price $299.95
- All-Clad Electric Indoor Grill Sugg. Price $400 Our Price $199.95
- Breville Panini Press & Grill Sugg. Price $170 Our Price $129.95
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- Lagrange Stone Grill $149.95
- Cuisinart Elite Griddler Sugg. Price $450 Our Price $199.95
- Portable Professional Griddle $110
- Breville Smart Grill & Griddle Removable Plates Sugg. Price $160 Our Price $89.95
- Philips Viva Digital Airfryer Nonstick Grill Pan Sugg. Price $59.95 Our Price $49.95
Panini Presses
- Breville Panini Press & Grill Sugg. Price $170 Our Price $129.95
- Cuisinart Griddler Grill, Griddle & Panini Press Sugg. Price $185 Our Price $99.95
- Breville Smart Grill & Griddle Sugg. Price $450 Our Price $299.95
Panini Press Grills and Sandwich Makers
A crispy, melty panini sandwich is a mouth-watering addition to your kitchen repertoire, which is why have a large range of panini presses and grills to enable your full expression of sandwich-grilling art. Williams-Sonoma brands include Breville, Cuisinart, All-Clad and Philips. The Breville Panini Press and Grill is able to cook four sandwiches simultaneously. Its sturdy top plate is adjustable for thickness, and non-stick plates make for easy cleaning. The variable heat control includes high-sear for a toasty finish. The Cusinart Griddler Grill, Griddle and Panini Press can also cook pancakes and French toast. The Breville Smart Grill and Griddle incorporates Smart Element IQ technology, automatically sensing temperature drops and injecting extra heat to boost heat on the plates.
The Cuisinart Elite Griddler features a reversible non-stick plate architecture for flat or ridged plate options. Grease drains into an integrated drip tray for easy clean-up and healthier living. The Breville Smart Grill and Griddle features titanium infused non-stick surfaces for additional strength and can be used as an open grill, a flat griddle or a press grill. Spare grill plates are available to keep your griddle operating smoothly. Try out the Philips Viva Digital Air Fryer, which includes a non-stick grill pan to enable revolutionary healthy frying. It is large enough to fry whole fish, steak and vegetables, and the perforated surface allows rapid airflow across food. Stock up on our savory sauces to give your grilled meals delightful flavor.


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Captiv8 wrote: I'm going to put Tom Brady in the category of the Innocent Douche. Here's a guy that puts so much into football he really has no idea how much of an enormous tampon he off the field. And that's fine, because the one thing that people will really remember is how he's continued to be successful with a broad variety of players. The fact that the Patriots are winning this season with all of the injuries and debacles. And despite trading away the best slot man in football. Having seen Brady pull himself up to a starting position at Michigan, and then rise to the occasion after Bledsoe went down has been truly amazing. Great football player; totally douchy person.
Captiv8 wrote: I need to clearly define Innocent Douche. The Innocent Douche is not obnoxious, invasive, disruptive, or smelly. They are actually very nice people by conventional standards of courtesy. They do, however, clothed in douchery. Their haberdasher, as it were, is Douche McDoucher & Sons. Thus, the Innocent Douche conveys an air of douchery around them, a force counteracted by their otherwise pleasant demeanor. They are literally cloaked in douchebaggery in the form of designer sweaters, Ugg boots, and other model-like paraphenalia. If they have a butt-chin, the Innocent Douche somehow becomes more douchey. Again, only in air, not personality.
Compare to the full-blown Mega Douche, who is an asshole to everyone all the time, i.e. Kanye West.


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2006: Canadian-American actor Glenn Ford dies at age 90 in Beverly Hills, California. Ford was best known for movies like "Gilda" "The Big Heat," "Blackboard Jungle," "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse," "The Courtship of Eddie's Father," "3:10 to Yuma," "Cimarron" and "Superman."
2003: Actor Charles Bronson, best known for movies like "The Magnificent Seven," "The Great Escape," "The Dirty Dozen" and "Death Wish," dies of pneumonia at age 81 in Los Angeles, California.
1997: Cynthia Cooper scores 25 points to lead the Houston Comets over the New York Liberty by a score of 65-51 in the first WNBA championship game. Cooper, who was named the finals MVP, would lead the Comets to the next three titles as well, earning finals MVP honors each year, before retiring following the 2000 championship (pictured).
1995: During the Bosnian War, NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian Serb forces, which had threatened and attacked United Nations-designated "safe areas" in Bosnia.
1994: British band Oasis' first studio album, "Definitely Maybe," is released. The album became the fastest selling debut album of all time in the United Kingdom and sold more than eight million copies worldwide, including more than a million in the United States alone.
1994: Usher's self-titled debut album is released. The album would peak at No. 167 on the U.S. Billboard 200 and reach No. 25 on the R&B Albums chart.
1984: The space shuttle Discovery takes off on its maiden voyage.
1983: Guion S. Bluford Jr. becomes the first black American astronaut to travel in space, aboard the third flight of the space shuttle Challenger. This mission was also the first one to launch and land at night. By 1992, Bluford would have spent 688 hours on four space shuttle flights.
1982: Andy Roddick, the one-time world No. 1 tennis player who won the 2003 U.S. Open and has appeared in four other Grand Slam finals, is born in Omaha, Nebraska.
1981: Actress and dancer Vera-Ellen, best known for her starring roles in "On the Town" and "White Christmas," dies from cancer at the age of 60 in Los Angeles, California. She's seen here in 1946 publicity photo.
1981: The Rolling Stones release their "Tattoo You" album, featuring the single "Start Me Up."
1974: The football comedy "The Longest Yard," starring Burt Reynolds, opens in theaters. Reynolds plays Paul "Wrecking" Crewe, a former star pro football quarterback who is imprisoned and leads a team of inmates against the guards in a game of football.
1972: Actress Cameron Diaz, best known for movies such as "The Mask," "There's Something About Mary," "Shrek," Charlie's Angels," "Being John Malkovich" and "Gangs of New York," is born in San Diego, California.
1968: The Byrds' "Sweetheart of the Rodeo" album is released. The album, which was recorded with the addition of country-rock pioneer Gram Parsons, proved to be influential as the first major country-rock album by an established act. Although the album reached No. 77 on the Billboard Top LPs chart, the band's shift away from psychedelic music alienated much of its pop audience.
1967: Thurgood Marshall is confirmed as the first black justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Marshall would serve on the court for the next 24 years, compiling a liberal record that included strong support for Constitutional protection of individual rights, especially the rights of criminal suspects against the government.
1965: The album "Highway 61 Revisited" by Bob Dylan is released. The album, which features "Like a Rolling Stone," was Dylan's first backed almost entirely by an electric rock band, except for the closing 11-minute acoustic song, "Desolation Row."
1963: Actor Michael Chiklis, best known for the TV series "The Commish" and "The Shield" (pictured), and for the superhero movie "Fantastic Four," is born in Lowell, Massachusetts.
1961: Actor Charles Coburn, who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as a retired millionaire playing Cupid in 1943's "The More the Merrier" (pictured, with Jean Arthur), dies of a heart attack at age 84 in New York City. Coburn was also nominated for Oscars for his roles in the movies "The Devil and Miss Jones" in 1941 and "The Green Years" in 1946, and also appeared in "The Lady Eve," "Kings Row," "Heaven Can Wait," "Wilson" and "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes."
1953: Basketball Hall of Fame center Robert Parish, who won three NBA titles with the Boston Celtics in the 1980s and another as a member of the Chicago Bulls in 1997, is born in Shreveport, Louisiana. Parish, who also played for the Golden State Warriors and Charlotte Hornets in a career that lasted 21 seasons, holds the NBA record for most career regular season games played with 1,611.
1948: Comedian and actor Lewis Black, known for his appearances on "The Daily Show" and for movies like "Accepted" and "Unaccompanied Minors," is born in Silver Spring, Maryland.
1946: Actress Peggy Lipton, best known for the TV series "The Mod Squad" and "Twin Peaks," is born in New York City. She's seen here in 1968 in a promotional photo for "The Mod Squad."
1945: Gen. Douglas MacArthur arrives in Japan and sets up Allied occupation headquarters. Seen here with Emperor Hirohito, MacArthur and his staff would help Japan rebuild itself after World War II. The U.S. was firmly in control of Japan to oversee its reconstruction, and MacArthur was effectively the interim leader of Japan from 1945 until 1948.
1945: The Allied Control Council, which governed Germany after World War II, comes into being. The council issued a substantial number of laws, directives, orders and proclamations dealing with the abolition of Nazi laws and organizations, and the demilitarization and denazification of the country.
1938: Polish-American make-up artist and businessman Max Factor Sr., the founder of cosmetics giant Max Factor & Company, dies at age 66 in Beverly Hills, California. Born Maksymilian Faktorowicz, he largely developed the modern cosmetics industry and popularized the term "make-up" in noun form.
1935: Singer-songwriter and musician John Phillips (top), leader of the singing group The Mamas & the Papas, is born in Parris Island, South Carolina. Phillips, who died of heart failure at age 65 on March 18, 2001, was also the father of Chynna Phillips, a member of the band Wilson Phillips, and actresses Mackenzie Phillips and Bijou Phillips.
1930: American business magnate, investor and philanthropist Warren Buffett, who is consistently ranked among the world's wealthiest people, is born in Omaha, Nebraska. He's seen here with President Barack Obama in 2010.
1919: Country singer Kitty Wells is born under the birth name Ellen Muriel Deason in Nashville, Tennessee. Her 1952 hit recording, "It Wasn't God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels," would make her the first female country singer to top the U.S. country charts, and transform her into the first female country star. She died on July 16, 2012, at age 92 from complications of a stroke.
1918: Russian political revolutionary Fanny Kaplan (pictured) shoots and seriously injures Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin. This, along with the assassination of Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky days earlier, prompted the decree for Red Terror, a campaign of mass arrests, executions and atrocities conducted by the Bolshevik government.
1918: Hall of Fame baseball player Ted Williams, who played his entire 22-year Major League Baseball career as the left fielder for the Boston Red Sox, is born in San Diego, California. A 19-time All-Star and two-time American League Most Valuable Player winner, Williams led the league in batting six times and won the Triple Crown twice. He was the last MLB player to bat over .400 in a season (.406 in 1941) and had a career batting average of .344 with 521 home runs. He died of cardiac arrest at age 83 on July 5, 2002.
1908: Actor Fred MacMurray, best known for his roles in the film noir movie "Double Indemnity" and as widowed patriarch Steve Douglas on the sitcom "My Three Sons," is born in Kankakee, Illinois. He died of pneumonia at the age of 83 on Nov. 5, 1991.
1905: Baseball Hall of Famer Ty Cobb makes his major-league debut with the Detroit Tigers. The 18-year-old Cobb doubled off the New York Highlanders's Jack Chesbro in his first at-bat.
1901: A dust removing suction cleaner patent is filed by British engineer Hubert Cecil Booth. Before Booth introduced his version of the vacuum cleaner, cleaning machines blew or brushed dirt away, instead of sucking it up. All modern vacuums are based on Booth's principle. He later used his invention to start up a mobile cleaning service, with his vacuum machine built on a horse-drawn cart with a long hose to extend into a house to be cleaned.
1898: Actress Shirley Booth, who won an Academy Award and Golden Globe for 1952's "Come Back, Little Sheba," is born Marjory Ford in Brooklyn, New York. Booth, who was primarily a theater actress, was also known for playing the title role of the sitcom "Hazel," winning two Emmy Awards for the role. She died at age 94 on Oct. 16, 1992.
1896: Actor Raymond Massey, best known for movies such as "Abe Lincoln in Illinois," "Arsenic and Old Lace" and "East of Eden," is born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Massey, who received an Oscar nomination for his portrayal of Abraham Lincoln in "Abe Lincoln in Illinois," died from pneumonia at age 86 on July 29, 1983.
1836: The city of Houston, Texas, is founded by New York real estate entrepreneurs Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen. The duo bought 6,642 acres of land along Buffalo Bayou and named their new city after Sam Houston, the popular general at the Battle of San Jacinto who would be elected president of Texas in September 1836.
1813: In what would become known as the Fort Mims Massacre during the Creek War, a force of Creek people belonging to the "Red Sticks" faction kills more than 500 settlers (including more than 250 armed militia) in Fort Mims, north of Mobile, Alabama.
1800: Gabriel Prosser, a literate enslaved blacksmith, postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested before he can make it happen. He and 25 followers were taken captive and hanged in punishment. In reaction, Virginia and other state legislatures would pass restrictions on free blacks, as well as prohibiting the education, assembly and hiring out of slaves, to restrict their chances to learn and to plan similar rebellions.
1797: Author Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, best known for her Gothic novel "Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus," is born in Somers Town, London, England.
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INCLINE VILLAGE, Nev. — Two special "Soiree" events will take place in elegant private homes as fundraisers for the concert series and for the Tahoe Symphony Youth Orchestra.
The first is at 5 p.m. Friday, Sept. 7 in Glenshire, and the other at 3 p.m. Sunday, Sept. 9 at Incline Village. Wine and elegant hors d'oeuvres are included with special entertainment.
Singers Joy Strotz, Anna Helwing, Liudmila Mullin and Stuart Duke will perform, accompanied by Donna Axton on piano. Elizabeth Pitcairn will perform selections from Brahms' Violin Concerto and several encore favorites. For "Soiree" information call 787-602-2121.
Pitcairn will play her famous Red Mendelssohn Stradivarius violin in our home in support of Toccata's 9/11 Memorial Concert Series. These private performances are a wonderful musical experience that we invite and encourage you to share with us.
This year's 9/11 Concert Series ends Toccata's seventh season.
Friday's reception begins at 5:30 pm, and performances start at 6 p.m. Dress is Tahoe casual. Bring a wrap or jacket if you care to step outside for the view.
The minimum suggested tax-deductible donation is $100 per person. If you are interested in any of the sponsorship levels
Tickets for this Soiree can be purchased online: www.toccatatahoe.com
Tahoe Symphony Orchestra and Chorus will conclude its 2012 Tahoe Summer MusicFest with a concert series that commemorates the 11th anniversary of the 9/11 tragedy.
The series features famed violinist Elizabeth Pitcairn performing Johannes Brahms' Concerto for Violin in D major Op.77 on the legendary Red Stradivarius Violin.
The concert will conclude with Brahms' symphonic-choral masterpiece, A German Requiem, with soloists Katharine DeBoer, Joy Strotz, and Anna Helwing, sopranos; and Stuart Duke, baritone; and features the Tahoe Symphony Orchestra Chorus. Maestro James Rawie, Toccata's founder and artistic director, will conduct all performances.
The concerts are:
— 7 p.m. Wednesday, Sept. 12 at St. Theresa Catholic Church in South Lake Tahoe
— 7 p.m. Thursday, Sept. 13 at Assumption Catholic Church in Truckee
— 4 p.m. Saturday, Sept.15 at North Tahoe Hebrew Congregation in Tahoe Vista
— 7 p.m. Monday, Sept.17 at Trinity Episcopal Church in Reno
Tickets are $30 adults, $25 seniors, (62 and up), and $5 students ages 19-23. Preferred seating is available for $40 and can be reserved online.
A grant from the Tahoe Parasol Foundation allows youth 18 and under to enter at no charge. Tickets can be purchased in advance by credit card at www.ToccataTahoe.com or at the door by cash or check 30 minutes prior to the concert. This concert series is supported by a grant from the Kling Family Foundation.


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Dr. Neal Barnard's Program For Reversing Diabetes
The Scientifically Proven System for Reversing Diabetes Without Drugs. Following his life-changing program, diabetics will be able to control their blood sugar more effectively than with the standard dietary regime, while cutting back on, if not eliminating diabetes medications and reduce the risk of diabetes complications. Learn More
Becoming Vegan
The Complete Guide to Adopting a Healthful Plant-Based Diet by Brenda Davis, RD & Vesanto Melina, M.S., RD. The latest nutritional information for you and your family. Includes vegan food guide, practical tips, disease prevention. Learn More
The China Study
Startling Implications for Diet, Weight Loss and Long-Term Health by T. Colin Campbell, Ph.D. with Thomas Campbell II. Results from the most comprehensive study ever conducted on nutrition & health; shows the clear relationship between diet choices & disease risk. Hardcover. Learn More
Prevent and Reverse Heart Disease
by Caldwell B. Esselstyn, Jr., MD. A groundbreaking program backed by the irrefutable results from Dr. Esselstyn's 20-year study proving that changes in diet and nutrition can actually cure heart disease. Includes more than 150 great-tasting recipes. Learn More
Healthy Eating For Life For Women
by The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine with Kristine Keiswer. Explains how women's bodies work and how common health problems arise. Provides nutritional guidelines carefully drafted by PCRM nutrition experts. Over 100 delicious, easy-to-make recipes to help you put these healthful principles to work right away. Learn More
The Vegan Diet As Chonic Disease Prevention
Evidence Supporting the New Four Food Groups by Kerrie K. Saunders MS, LLP, CPC, CAC, Ph.D. Explores the mountain of evidence on how an animal-free diet can beneficially affect dire conditions affecting many Americans. Exhaustive list of references & sources. Learn More
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Chelsea Rocky Area Rug
Nature-inspired, the Chelsea Rocky Area Rug features a collection of earth-toned colored stones. The contrast of its white background and abstract nature of the rocks, however, also give this rug a unique modern feel. This enables the Chelsea Rocky Area Rug to integrate well into both modern homes and those with more of a natural d�cor. This rug isn�t only nature-friendly in its appearance, it�s also made from environmentally friendly materials. It helps keep your living space clean as it is soil, dirt, and stain resistant and even works to reduce noise by absorbing it. The nature inspired Chelsea Rocky Area Rug makes the perfect accent to homes of any size.
- Hand tufted 100% wool
- River rock design in shades of stone
- Available in size of your choice
- High-low effect & loop detail
- Stain resistant & flame retardant
- Eco-friendly
- (1) Chelsea Rocky Area Rug
- 5'w x 7'3"h
- 7'5"w x 9'6"h
1-877-224-6663 or 973-276-0444
Copyright 2003-2015 by Evofurniture, LLC. All rights reserved.


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Keep up to date with new products and news from Kew shop!
Kew Bookshop features amazing books on gardening, botany, horticulture, botanical art, photography and reference as well as subscription to our Kew Magazine.
Kew Bookshop is the home of Kew Publishing, featuring award winning books on botany, horticulture, botanical art, photography and reference. From our best selling books on botanical art, Kew's heritage and growing plants, to our reference works on key plant groups such as aloes, trees and orchids; the Kew Bookshop includes our entire list as well as books by other publishers. Shopping with us directly supports the work of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
There's something for everybody with our latest books. The Kew Gardens Children's Cookbook is perfect for children and adults, with vegetable growing tips and delicious accompanying recipes. We celebrate two new major attractions at Kew this summer with The Hive at Kew and The Great Broad Walk Borders. And finally the second edition of our best selling and award winning book The Kew Plant Glossary is now available.
Curtis's Botanical Magazine provides an international forum of particular interest to botanists and horticulturists, plant ecologists and those with a special interest in botanical illustration. Now well over 200 years old, the Magazine is the longest running botanical periodical featuring colour illustrations of plants. Each four-part volume contains 24 plant portraits reproduced from watercolour originals by leading international botanical artists. Detailed but accessible articles combine horticultural and botanical information, history, conservation and economic uses of the plants described.
Curtis's Botanical Magazine has been published continuously since 1787, although there have been several series within the overall sequence. From 1984 to 1994 the magazine appeared under the title of The Kew Magazine. In 1995 the publication returned to its roots and the historical and popular name Curtis's Botanical Magazine again took precedence.
Published for the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew by Wiley-Blackwell Publishing
Editor: Martyn Rix
Print ISSN: 1355-4905
Online ISSN: 1467-8748
Frequency: Quarterly
To join our mailing list, contact Kew Publishing or make a trade enquiry please email firstname.lastname@example.com
Kew Bookshop features amazing books on gardening, botany, horticulture, botanical art, photography and reference as well as subscription to our Kew Magazine.


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While Casey Robinson was serving as a Marine in Iraq, his brain and shoulder were injured by an exploding mortar round, and he became so debilitated by post-traumatic stress disorder after being discharged that his health deteriorated.
"I used to be in terrible shape," he recalled. "I was eating badly. You don't care about much. Your concentration is not about your personal well-being."
But after a rigorous multiyear cycling regimen, the 32-year-old veteran from Santa Cruz was looking exceptionally fit Sunday. And in Palo Alto he joined 200 others -- most of them injured veterans and active-duty members of the military -- to take on the first leg of a seven-day, 450-mile bike ride to Los Angeles.
Organized by the Ride 2 Recovery program, the grueling event is meant to help heal injured service members by pushing them to their physical and mental limits. This was Robinson's fifth such ride. Encouraged to take up cycling while recuperating from his injuries, he said the therapy has been life changing.
"It definitely got me out of my slump," he said, smiling at his 32-year-old wife, Rachel, who was making the trip with him for the first time.
Robinson's experience is common, said Andy Duprey, a therapist at the VA's Palo Alto Polytrauma Rehabilitation Center. He said his patients are generally required to ride bikes every weekday because the exercise is vital to restoring their well-being, especially those with brain injuries, which can "affect every aspect of life."
Ulysses Adams III, a 38-year-old former Marine who lives in Oakland, has also benefited from bicycling.
"It's been a rough road," he said of his life after his service in Iraq, noting that he injured his back in a helicopter accident and has post-traumatic stress disorder.
Though he recently completed training to operate drones, which he hopes will land him a job with a defense contractor, Adams said he's had trouble getting medical benefits from the VA. As a result, he wound up homeless for a couple of years and "lost everything I owned." But even during those dark days, he became an avid cyclist with the Ride 2 Recovery program and said he's participated in 14 treks nationwide.
Debora Spano, a Ride 2 Recovery spokeswoman, who knows Adams well, said many injured service members display the same devotion to the cycling events.
"It's just a healing thing for some of these guys," she said. "They need it. They come back again and again."
Great organization
Drawn from around the U.S. -- and two from Germany -- the participants in Sunday's event gathered at the VA medical center in Palo Alto shortly before 8 a.m. Escorted by police and caravans of helpers in vehicles, they took off for the first leg of the trip, which covers more than 50 miles, briefly stopping in Los Gatos and San Jose, before ending up in Gilroy.
The participants' hotel, food and other expenses during the ride are being paid by United Healthcare and other sponsors, said Spano.
Scott Shupe, 63, helped raise $400 for the event. Shupe was a helicopter pilot in Vietnam and earned two Purple Hearts for injuries he suffered there.
He rode the first leg of the event, even though he recently suffered a heart attack.
"It's a tremendous organization," he said of Ride 2 Recovery, which was so important to him he came 600 miles to the event from his home in Provo, Utah. "I think it's important that you get involved."
Contact Steve Johnson at 408-930-5043. Follow him at Twitter.com/steveatmercnews.


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CORPUS CHRISTI - After spending last season as the volunteer assistant coach, Brett Gips has been promoted to assistant coach/recruiting coordinator for the Islanders' baseball program, head coach Scott Malone announced today. He will oversee the make up of the roster and will be the point person for evaluating prospective athletes.
"Brett has been a part of the program for the last two years as a coach and in the program for two years as a player, so he knows the system and knows what it takes to win," Malone said. "He has successfully made the transformation from player to coach to where he is now. He is ready to excel as a recruiting coordinator at the Division I level. I am more than excited to be able to promote one of our own to this role."
During his season as the volunteer assistant coach, Gips helped lead the team to its highest finish in the Southland Conference, finishing in second place in the league. He assisted with the pitching staff, as he helped the team finish with a 4.41 ERA while punching out 390 opponents, an average of 7.08 punchouts per game. He also helped out with the team during the 2012 season, as well.
In the two summers prior to joining the Islanders coaching staff, Gips was the pitching coach for the Cooperstown Hawkeyes of the Perfect Game Collegiate League in Cooperstown, N.Y. The Hawkeyes were the 2011 West Division Champions.
Gips is an alumnus of Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, as he graduated in 2010 with a Bachelor of Science degree. Gips pitched for the Islanders during his final two collegiate seasons. During his career at A&M – Corpus Christi he appeared in 42 games and went 2-0 with one save. Gips totaled 41.2 innings and averaged nearly four strikeouts per nine innings with 19 total punchouts. He was second on the team in games pitched (23) during the 2008 season and his 42 total appearances were the fourth-most in school history.
Gips began his collegiate career at Cisco Junior College under head coach David White. He pitched in dual roles for two seasons for the Wranglers before transferring to Island University for the 2007-2009 school years.
At Yorktown High School, the native Texan was named Texas Sports Writers Association Class 2A All-State First Team. As a senior, he went 10-3 with a 0.89 earned run average and 186 strikeouts in 84 innings pitched. Gips threw a 2005 state best six no-hitters and set school single-season records for batting average, ERA, innings pitched and strikeouts. He won two district titles during his final two varsity seasons and was named the 2005 District 29-2A Most Valuable Player.


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Smart Home Technology - Wi-Fi Thermostats
Traditional vs. Wi-Fi
Traditional Thermostats
Traditionally, thermostats have fallen into two categories: non-programmable and programmable. Non-Programmable thermostats are the most affordable, but very antiquated. They require a manual temperature setting and manual setting of heat or cool to cycle your HVAC unit, and can be rather imprecise. Programmable thermostats offer a digital interface with time period programming, which will automatically adjust the heat and/or cool temperature based on time, and often they allow for multiple set points points per day. However, neither of these older-style thermostats come close to the technology available with today's Wi-Fi thermostats.
Wi-Fi Thermostats
Wi-Fi thermostats are the next evolution of heating and cooling control in your home. They build upon the basic temperature setting, scheduling and digital interface options of non-programmable and programmable thermostats with a variety of added features. Some of these features include improved energy efficiency and feedback, remote programming, geofencing, learning and alerts. Once these Smart Thermostats are synced up with a Wi-Fi router, you will have remote access from a computer or via an app, all from the comfort and convenience of a smartphone or tablet virtually anywhere you access to the web. The future of comfort control is now - no matter where you are, a Wi-Fi thermostat keeps you connected to your home with control in the palm of your hand. Here are some of the more popular Wi-Fi netowrk thermostats available today:
|Honeywell Lyric Smart Wi-Fi Thermostat
|ecobee3 Smart Wi-Fi Thermostat
|Aprilaire Touchscreen Wi-Fi Thermostat
|Honeywell Wi-Fi Touchscreen Thermostat
|You're in. You're out. You're all over the place, even when you're home. Lyric uses your smartphone to know when you're away, and can save you energy.
|Using remote sensors, it will compile data to streamline heating and cooling in a home, offering control of exact temperatures in different rooms.
|Wi-Fi thermostat operates in an efficient manner. Connect it to a home automation system or as a stand-alone network using multiple thermostats and sensors.
|Using Honeywell's reliable, highly-rated app, program this thermostat from a computer, tablet, and smartphone, whether you're across the room or around the world.
Wi-Fi Thermostats and Automation in the Connected HomeDo you want to control more than the temperature from your computer, iPhone, Android or Windows smartphone - how about lights and appliances? Maybe you want to monitor your home with wireless door/window sensors, motion senors or even leak detectors. With all of the connected home and IoT products and apps available, you may want to consider a Wi-Fi thermostat as a seamless component in a larger home automation system, such as the Insteon. With Insteon you can incorporate all of these features from a single, convenient app. Although Smarthome offers a variety of options for this type of control, the most popular among our customers is by far the combination of the Insteon Thermostat and the Insteon Hub. Setting it up is easier than you might think and can be done in less than an hour. There are two reasons that Smarthome customers choose this route:
Easy Setup
Other considerations in choosing a Smart Thermostat
When it comes to home automation, few devices can make as big an impact on your energy usage as a new thermostat. Your home's HVAC system is typically the largest energy consumer in a home, often using more than 4kW per hour. By adding greater control of your HVAC system, you can substantially curb your home's energy usage. It's important to understand what types of temperature control, energy management and sensor features to look for. Then match that up with how the overall design, aesthetics and product support is available from a manufacturer. Combining these pieces of the puzzle will allow you to get the right smart thermostat for your home.
|Temperature Control
First and foremost, your thermostat should excel at controlling the temperature in your home.
|Energy Management
If you're looking to decrease your carbon footprint - or simply your gas and electricity bills - some Wi-Fi thermostats are better than others. Various features help you conserve energy by only running your system when you are home or by learning your habits to automatically create a schedule.
A thermostat in a dark and deserted hallway can only monitor the temperature in that hallway. Some Wi-Fi thermostats can use additional sensors spread throughout your home to more accurately heat or cool your home.
|Design, Aesthetics and Support
The overall look and feel of the device, ease of use and on the device, and the remote control functionality from smartphone, tablet or PC should also weigh heavily. HVAC systems can be complex - even if their end goal is simple - so you should also consider the support that a manufacturer provides as well in the event that your initial setup doesn't go exactly as planned.


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Library officials say they believe Taylor County's new public library is going to have more people reading.
"I think we can expect a lot of foot traffic," Taylor County Public Library Director Julia Turpin told Board members during their regular monthly meeting last Monday.
In her monthly report to the Board, Turpin said circulation figures for January were up 45 percent when compared to January 2012, despite the library only being open two weeks last month.
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Square dance at fire station in Whipple
The Fearing Township Volunteer Fire Department will sponsor a square dance from 8 to 11 p.m. Feb. 2 at the fire station at 1975 Stanleyville Road, Whipple. There will be music by The Buckeye Travelers. The cost is $5 per person, $8 per couple or $12 per family. Refreshments will be served during the dance.
Money management course begins Feb. 12
The Ohio State University Extension in Noble County will offer the Manage Your Money course to assist individuals and families with financial basics. The self-study course begins Feb. 12. The course will help participants know where their money goes, how to save, plan their spending, understand credit limits and how to organize financial records in six weeks. Those who want to take part must register by Feb. 4.
For information: Kristen Corry, 732-5681 or email@example.com.
Dinner Dance for Autism set for Feb. 9
The third annual Valentine Dinner Dance for Autism will be held Feb. 9 at the Lafayette Hotel's Grand Sternwheel Ballroom in Marietta. Doors open at 5:30 p.m., with dinner at 6, a live auction at 7 and dancing at 8.
Tickets are $25 and can be purchased at Aletha's Florist at Second and Greene streets or contacting Nicole Vannoy at 373-5739. All proceeds benefit the Autism Center of Southeastern Ohio.
Church will begin 'grief' group in March
House Of The Forgiven church, 535 BF Goodrich Road, Marietta, will begin a "Walking Through Grief" group in March. The group will meet for six weeks to help those participating with the loss of loved ones.
Public is invited to a soup, sandwich meal
A public soup and sandwich meal will be served at the Palmer Community Building on Ohio 676 from 4 to 7 p.m. Saturday. A variety of soups, sandwiches and desserts will be available for a freewill donation. The event, sponsored by the Palmer United Methodist Church, will benefit the newly installed township fire hydrant as well as Community Building upkeep. Everyone is welcome.
For information: 749-3223.
From local reports


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SCS News & Press Releases
Tuesday March 31, 2015Carnegie Mellon University's Integrative Design, Arts and Technology Network (IDeATe) and Autodesk Inc., a world leader in 3-D design software, are launching a Reality Computing studio course for advanced undergraduate and graduate students.
Monday March 30, 2015Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a way to use a smartphone's sensors to build 3-D models of faces or other objects and — literally, with the wave of a hand — provide accurate measurements of those objects.
Thursday March 26, 2015The School of Computer Science honored outstanding faculty and staff members March 24 during the annual Founder's Day ceremony in Rashid Auditorium. It was the fourth year for the event and the first to be hosted by Dean Andrew Moore.Charlie Garrod, associate teaching professor in the Institute for Software Research (ISR), was the winner of the Joel and Ruth Spira Teaching Award, sponsored by Lutron Electronics Co. of Coopersburg, Pa., in honor of the company's founders and the inventor of the electronic dimmer switch.
Tuesday March 24, 2015School of Computer Science Professor Scott Hudson and a team of former and current students have earned the school's 2015 Allen Newell Award for Research Excellence.The award recognizes an outstanding body of work that epitomizes Newell's research style as expressed in his words: "Good science responds to real phenomena or real problems. Good science is in the details. Good science makes a difference."
Tuesday March 24, 2015An innovative device developed by Carnegie Mellon University's TechBridgeWorld research group to help visually impaired students learn how to write Braille using a slate and stylus has won the 2014 Louis Braille Touch of Genius Prize for Innovation.
Tuesday March 24, 2015National Geographic Channel's "Stephen Hawking's Science of the Future" recently featured the HCII's WorldKit project in the episode "Perfect City." Hawking introduced the segment, which you can watch here.
Tuesday March 24, 2015How is extreme robotics transforming the world? Robotics Professor Red Whittaker answers that question in a video of his presentation at the World Economic Forum's Davos meeting in January, now available online.
Monday March 23, 2015Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University who develop snake-like robots have picked up a few tricks from real sidewinder rattlesnakes on how to make rapid and even sharp turns with their undulating, modular device.
Carnegie Mellon Study Shows People Act To Protect Privacy When Told How Often Phone Apps Share Personal Information
Monday March 23, 2015Many smartphone users know that free apps sometimes share private information with third parties, but few, if any, are aware of how frequently this occurs. An experiment at Carnegie Mellon University shows that when people learn exactly how many times these apps share that information they rapidly act to limit further sharing.
Monday March 16, 2015Speck, a personal air pollution monitor introduced today at the SXSW Interactive Festival in Austin, Texas, will enable people to monitor the level of fine particulate matter suspended in the air inside their homes, helping them assess if their health is at risk.


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by Rory Boylen - January 14, 2011 11:50 AM UTC
While the Red Wings are on top again and the young Blues and Blue Jackets are at the bottom, the Hawks and Predators fight for home ice.
CHICAGO BLACKHAWKS THN pre-season prediction: 4th in West Scoring leaders: Patrick Sharp, 44; Jonathan Toews, 36; Patrick Kane, 34. Key stat: Despite the off-season losses, last year's No.
by Rory Boylen - January 11, 2011 12:30 PM UTC
The Rangers dealt their most experienced defender for 24-year-old Wolski, who has had a hot-and-cold start to his career.
It wasn't all that long ago the New York Rangers spent gobs of money to bring in a laundry list of players to try and mish-mash together a Stanley Cup contender.
by Rory Boylen - January 4, 2011 2:40 PM UTC
While a lot of stars have excelled at the WJC, there are also a lot of promising prospects who performed well at the tournament, but didn't make it in the big leagues.
It's hard not to get caught up in all the action and excitement when the world's top hockey prospects compete for gold. Not only are you cheering on your country, you're witnessing the next generation of NHL stars before they make it.
by Rory Boylen - December 28, 2010 9:30 AM UTC
Forget the NHL's Winter Classic, outdoor hockey at its finest is played on homemade rinks with friends and family, creating memories that last a lifetime.
The best part about the holiday season? Playing outdoor hockey on the rink, of course. Ever since I can remember we've had a rink at our house.
by Rory Boylen - December 21, 2010 3:05 PM UTC
Alex Ovechkin and Evgeni Malkin have all the flash, but Pavel Datsyuk's skill set and consistency make him the best from his native land.
Two seasons ago, four of the top six scorers in the NHL were Russian. Last season it was four of the top 19. So far this season, it's four of the top 29.
by Rory Boylen - December 13, 2010 9:50 AM UTC
The Islanders GM talks about firing Scott Gordon as coach, sending Josh Bailey to the American League and much more.
The Hockey News: What was the thought process behind letting Scott Gordon go when you did? Garth Snow: We're a team that's rebuilding, we're a team that has a great nucleus that's going to help us in the near future – not only with players here, but we have prospects in Bridgeport, prospects in junior and in Europe and college hockey.
by Rory Boylen - December 7, 2010 1:30 PM UTC
The post-Jacques Lemaire era in Minnesota was supposed to be filled with excitement, but it's been nothing but a downhill ride.
Sometimes you don't know what you have until it's gone. When the Minnesota Wild and coach Jacques Lemaire parted ways after the 2008-09 season there was a sense the shutdown and trap style he's so famous for would go by the wayside.
by Rory Boylen - November 30, 2010 12:35 PM UTC
Two of the West's best, Detroit and San Jose have more in common than just their consistent dominance of the conference.
When the Detroit Red Wings and San Jose Sharks faceoff Tuesday night (and again Dec. 6) it'll be a battle of the behemoths – even if the Sharks haven't found their groove quite yet.
by Rory Boylen - November 23, 2010 1:55 PM UTC
Early on in its existence, the Florida franchise was filled with promise, but none of it ever came to be and the team is still searching for glory.
Once upon a time the Florida Panthers were a legitimate, stable franchise rooting itself as an overachieving underdog. An expansion team along with the Anaheim Mighty Ducks in 1993-94, Florida employed the legendary Roger Neilson as its first coach, while Craig Ramsay and Lindy Ruff served as his assistants.
by Rory Boylen - November 16, 2010 1:30 PM UTC
The 26th pick overall in 2004, Cory Schneider's pro career got off to a rocky start, but was quickly reeled in by the current Columbus coach.
The 2004 draft – a.k.a. Alex Ovechkin's year – was considered to be deep in goaltending talent. Al Montoya, Devan Dubnyk and Marek Schwarz were all highly regarded first-rounders who went before the No.
by Rory Boylen - November 9, 2010 2:45 PM UTC
The New York Rangers have a reputation for throwing around money, but they have been responsible with bringing along prospects recently, too.
The New York Rangers have always been recognized as a team unafraid to toss money around in an attempt to improve the roster. In the pre-salary cap era, New York's draft record was pretty shoddy: From Jeff Brown and Stefan Cherneski to Pavel Brendl and Hugh Jessiman, they struggled to draft successfully in the first round in the late-'90s and early into the 21st century.
by Rory Boylen - November 2, 2010 2:20 PM UTC
While players like Rick Nash and Steve Mason struggle, the Blue Jackets are still above .500 and have beaten some good teams.
How the heck are the Columbus Blue Jackets 6-4-0? It's early and the numbers should eventually work themselves out, but the team's stats simply don't support a winning record and a top-eight spot in the deeply competitive Western Conference.


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The next time you're up at Gaelic Park in the Bronx watching young lads aim for glory on the pitch, think of the happy fate of Michael Ledwidge.
Now 39 and living outside Hartford in Connecticut, Ledwidge used to play there with his brother back in the eighties. But since those days he's come as far from his origins as it's possible to get.
Nowadays Ledwidge works alongside the most successful author in the world, thriller writer James Patterson, a one-man publishing industry who has roped in untold millions courtesy of his legions of fans.
As the co-author of a series of some of Patterson's most profitable books to date, Ledwidge has risen from an admired but, it's fair to say, mostly unread author, to co-writing some of the most widely read books in the world. He's made real money doing it too, enough to change his life completely.
But before we get to how he made his fortune, there's his background in the Bronx and his days at Gaelic Park.
"My dad, who was from Ireland, loved Gaelic football and so my brother and I played it there," Ledwidge tells the Irish Voice, enjoying the memory.
"We were in the Rangers team from the age of 10 till about 16. The scene up there was great fun at the time. Sometimes they'd have dances and we'd go.
"My mom and dad would bring us there for the annual dance at the park, too. I was always pretty well behaved. I was a good boy -- write that down!"
Before his life was transformed by good fortune equal to a once in a lifetime lottery win, Ledwidge had a very typical Irish American upbringing, which included a mandatory summer spent in Ireland.
"I traveled there when I was 14 and I stayed in Leitrim for most of summer. I thought it was going to be a vacation, but I ended up working on my relative's cattle farm. There was a lot of waking up at 5 a.m.
"That summer I drove around the place with these two older guys named Seamus and Michael who were cattle inspectors. We spent the summer driving around the whole county playing the 'Fields of Athenry' over and over on a tape deck everywhere we went."
Ledwidge then moved on to Cavan to stay with his cousins who were also farmers but who lived closer to the town.
"All the kids wanted to meet the Yank. They didn't seem too impressed. But there was a whole gang of them and we hung around. It was a lot of fun," he recalls.
"One of the things I really liked was that people would come by and ring the doorbell of my Aunt Josephine's house. It would be nine o'clock at night and someone would pop in and say, 'How is everybody, let's play cards.' And they'd play till 11 at night. If someone rang your doorbell in the Bronx you wouldn't be invited to stay, that's for sure."
Ledwidge's father (who sadly passed away two weeks ago) hailed from Kilnaleck in Co. Cavan, and his mother came from near Drumshanbo, Co. Leitrim.
They came separately to the U.S. in the sixties and arrived in New Haven, where there was a big Irish immigrant contingent at the time. The couple actually met in Queens a few years later.
"My dad came here and he stayed with his uncle, who was also an Irish immigrant. That uncle was the captain of Paul Rockefeller's private yacht, believe it or not," Ledwidge says.
"He was the Rockefeller who built the Twin Towers. He lived in Tarrytown and he would take his yacht into Manhattan every day. That's actually how he commuted to his office in the Rockefeller Center. My dad's uncle would drop him back and forth."
The relationship between the Irishman and the mogul was friendly enough because when Ledwidge's father was looking for a job Nelson Rockefeller, the governor of New York at the time, helped him get it.
"My dad worked for the New York State Thruway and he got his job through the Rockefellers. Nelson Rockefeller was governor and there was some sort of deal there," Ledwidge says.
"I remember my dad saying that when he first went to work it was a hard job to land and he was asked, 'Do you know Nelson Rockefeller or something?'"
Ledwidge grew up in Riverdale in the Bronx, not too far from the last stop on the Number 1 train in Van Cortland Park. His block was pretty Irish.
"It was a very typical Bronx childhood. I played stickball, and there was a whole bunch of neighborhood kids around. I remember going out alone and running around all day long and it was safe to do that."
Like other boys from the neighborhood Ledwidge went to the all-boys school Mount St. Michael Academy in the Bronx. But it was, he says, pretty grim.
"It was run by the Marist Brothers and it wasn't that much fun. They believed in discipline and I was happy when it was over. Puff Daddy (now known as Sean "P. Diddy" Combs) was a year ahead of me in that school, believe it or not."


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PARKERSBURG - "Chalk Chill" will be held this weekend on Market Street from Seventh to Fifth streets.
Professional artists, college students, high school students and elementary students will display their artistic talents by drawing on the Market Street pavement, said Ken Gilbert, a retired art teacher from Parkersburg High school. The artists will draw from morning to evening on Saturday and on Sunday when the festival will start after church.
Chalk Chill will be the first event to mark the city's observance of the state of West Virginia's sesquicentennial, Mayor Bob Newell said. West Virginia became a state by proclamation of Preident Lincoln on June 20, 1863, the only state created during the Civil War.
Article Photos
Reganne Dailey, Reagan Nutter, Allison Watkins and Allie Moses make chalk drawings in Parkersburg Tuesday. (Photo by Jeff Baughan)
Washington State Community College students Robbie Shawver, Maggie Morrow, Austin Moore and Adam Lankford, left to right, draw pencil and paper on the streets of Parkersburg Tuesday. (Photo by Jeff Baughan)
Mason Nutter, center, watches Allison Watkins draw balloons and birds on the streets of Parkersburg Tuesday. (Photo by Jeff Baughan)
Market Street will be closed from Fifth to Seventh streets this weekend, Newell said.
The history of chalk street art may go back to 16th century Italy where the "madonnari" were vagabond artists known for a life of travel between festivals, living on the coins they received from passersby, Gilbert said. They were the visual artist counterpart of minstrels, he said.
The religious paintings were directly painted on the beaten earth or paved public squares, Gilbert said. Artists used chalk, brick, charcoal and colored stones as their medium, he said.
Thanks to the International Street Painting Festival in Grazie di Curatone in northern Italy, the madonnaris were revitalized in the 1970s and their art once again became a worldwide phenomenon. The tradition spread to London where the pavement artists were called screevers.
In the early 1980s, the American artist Kurt Wenner introduced the Italian folk art to Santa Barbara, Calif., and became recognized as a "master street painter." Wenner has started other festivals, including Pasadena's Chalk Festival.
From 50 to 100 street painting festivals are held each year in the United States, Gilbert said.
Chalk Chill is free to participants, Gilbert said.
"We are asking those in attendance to bring coins to drop in the cans the artists will have beside their work as a show of appreciation of their skills," Gilbert said.
It's a good thing for Parkersburg, Newell said.
Newell said he got the idea last year while in Fort Wayne, Ind., and was impressed. Artists got a roughly 4-by-8 foot section of pavement, he said.
"I've seen them in other cities," he said. "They're professionally done."


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The announcement of any Canon DSLR usually creates a lot of excitement, but when that camera launches a new sensor with a new pixel count (for the manufacturer) and is aimed at enthusiast photographers, it ups the ante considerably. So naturally there's been quite a buzz surrounding the new Canon EOS 70D, which has a 20.2 million-pixel CMOS sensor coupled with a Digic 5 processor.
As well as having a higher pixel count than Canon's other recent APS-C format sensors, the EOS 70D's sensor is a Dual Pixel CMOS device, which enables faster focusing during Live View and video mode. There are two photo diodes for every pixel site (strictly speaking pixels don't exist until an image is created) on the sensor, and each of them can read light independently to enable a form of phase detection autofocusing to be used to focus the lens.
While the diodes are read separately for autofocusing, they are read together to form the image, and this means the Canon 70D creates 20.2 million pixel images.
Although every 'pixel' is a dual diode device, only the central 80% are used for auto focusing, because using the outer edges makes the system more prone to errors.
The Canon 70D also has a dedicated phase detection sensor for use when images are composed in the viewfinder. This has 19 AF points, all of which are cross-type, just like the Canon 7D's AF system. However, the two cameras' AF systems aren't identical, since the Canon 70D only has three AF point selection modes: Single point AF, Zone AF and 19-point Area AF.
While the 60D has a maximum continuous shooting speed of 5.3fps, the 70D can shoot at up to 7fps at full resolution for up to 65 JPEGs or 16 raw files, which is useful when shooting sport and using the 60D's continuous focusing capability.
Sensitivity may be set in the native range of ISO 100-12,800 with an expansion setting allowing the equivalent of ISO 25,600. The top native setting, ISO 12,800 is an expansion setting on Canon's other enthusiast SLRs.
Best DSLR: top cameras by price and brand
Canon was the first manufacturer to give a DSLR a touchscreen, and the 70D has a 3-inch 1,040,000 dot LCD that can be used to make settings adjustments and scroll through images. As with the Canon 700D, the manufacturer hasn't added the touchscreen functionality at the expense of buttons or dial controls, since the Canon 70D has all the physical controls that you'd hope for.
Further good news with the Canon 70D is that the LCD screen is on an articulating joint, and this makes it easy to view from a range of angles, whether shooting in landscape or portrait format.
Wi-Fi connectivity is fast becoming one of the must-have features for cameras, and the Canon 70D does not disappoint in this respect.
While the ability to download images wirelessly may not be all that enticing, the possibility of controlling the camera remotely using Canon's free EOS remote app for Android and iOS smartphones and tablets is a real bonus for wildlife photographers.
Canon has also included a few features to enable more creative images to be captured with a Canon 70D - there's a built-in Speedlite transmitter, for example, which gives wireless control over multiple Canon Speedlite EX flashguns, a multi-exposure mode and an HDR mode that combines three images to create one with a greater range of tones.
There's also a collection of Creative Filters (Grainy B/W, Soft Focus, Fish-Eye effect, Art Bold effect, Water Painting effect, Toy Camera effect or Miniature effect) that can be used to give JPEGs a particular distinctive look when shooting in Live View mode.
While it's disappointing that these can't be used when shooting raw files simultaneously, or when using the viewfinder, they can be applied post-capture in review mode, so it's possible to retain a 'clean' image as well as one with the filter effect.
The Canon EOS 70D has a full price of £1,089 / US$1,199 / AU$1,499 body only, putting it well above the Canon 700D but at the same price point as the Nikon D7100.


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Research suggests that over the years, patients have become better informed about medical issues. As a result, they increasingly use that information to help them make important healthcare decisions. One such decision is the choice of a surgeon and hospital when faced with the prospect of major surgery. Here's some information that will help you make these important decisions.
Whether your surgeon comes recommended by your primary care physician or you choose to select one on your own, don't take your surgeon's qualifications for granted. Here are some credentials to look for:
Research shows that some hospitals simply do a better job than others. So how can you find the best hospital for the care you need? Look for the following:
Be sure to communicate with your doctor, especially if you are not sure about the procedure or why you need it. If you do not know what to ask at the time, write your questions down and ask someone to go with you to your next appointment. Communication via email may be an option under certain conditions. Doctor's offices will protect your confidential medical information, which can easily be accessed by others reading emails. It is important for you and your doctor to discuss what they are willing to answer or if they are open to email communication. You may be able to get some general questions answered, but for other types of information, you will need to make an appointment.
Getting a second opinion is a good way to make sure that surgery is the best choice for you. Other considerations include the type of surgery and the timing. Many people are uneasy about seeking another opinion. However, getting a second opinion is a common medical practice encouraged by most doctors. Furthermore, Medicare and many private health insurance companies will help pay for a second opinion because it is also in their best interest to avoid unnecessary surgery. Most Medicaid programs also pay for a second opinion.
Before having surgery, you'll be asked to provide official written consent. It's important to discuss all of your concerns about your condition and the surgery with your surgeon before you sign this form. In most cases, your surgeon will volunteer a great deal of information, but don't hesitate to ask any questions you still have. Your doctor should be willing to take whatever time is necessary to make sure that you are fully informed.
Before your surgery, ask about your surgeon's fees. Many surgeons volunteer this information; if yours doesn't, don't hesitate to ask. You can find out about hospital rates from the hospital business office. In addition to surgeons' fees and the costs of hospitalization, you will also be billed for the professional services of others involved in your care, such as the anesthesiologist and medical consultants.
You will probably want to check your health insurance plan to see what portion of these costs it covers. If your insurance plan will not pay all of the anticipated costs and you cannot afford the difference, discuss this situation frankly with your surgeon.
The most important criteria for choosing your surgeon is your ability to trust the doctor. When you meet with your surgeon, speak with and listen carefully to plans and explanations. You need to feel comfortable with what your surgeon says, how it is said, and how relaxed and confident you feel with the level of care.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
American College of Surgeons
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
Accreditation Canada
Health Canada
Birkmeyer J, Stukel T, Siewers AE, et al. Surgeon volume and operative mortality in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:2117-2127.
Chen J, Radford MJ, Wang Y, et al. Do "America's Best Hospitals" perform better for acute myocardial infarction? N Engl J Med. 1999;340:286-292.
Clancy CM. Do your homework before you choose a hospital. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality website. Available at: http://www.ahrq.gov/news/columns/navigating-the-health-care-system/061708.html. Published June 17, 2008. Accessed June 12, 2014.
Considering surgery? National Institute on Aging website. Available at: http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/considering-surgery. Updated March 18, 2014. Accessed June 12, 2014.
Krumholz HM, Rathore SS, Chen J, et al. Evaluation of a consumer-oriented internet healthcare report card: the risk of quality ratings based on mortality data. JAMA. 2002 Mar 13; 287:1277-1287.
Nugent WC. In health care, geography is destiny [editorial]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;120(5).
Patient safety. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Ortho Info website. Available at: http://www.facs.org/public_info/operation/who.html. Updated December 2013. Accessed June 14, 2014.
Public information from the American College of Surgeons. American College of Surgeons website. Available at: http://www.facs.org/public_info/operation/who.html. Updated June 4, 2012. Accessed June 14, 2014.
Last reviewed June 2014 by Michael Woods, MD
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © 2012 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.
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Pumpkin Roll Ebelskivers
1 1/2 cups all purpose flour
1/4 cup brown sugar
1/2 tsp baking powder
1/2 tsp baking soda
1/4 tsp salt
1 1/2 tsp pumpkin pie spice
1 cup buttermilk
2 whole eggs plus 2 egg whites
3 TBSP butter, melted, plus more to brush into the wells of the pan
1 cup canned pumpkin puree
1 tsp vanilla
In a large bowl combine flour, brown sugar, baking powder, baking soda, salt and pumpkin pie spice. In another bowl whisk the eggs, whites, and buttermilk. Stir in the melted butter, pumpkin and vanilla.
Add the wet ingredients to the dry ingredients, stirring just until all is incorporated. Do not over mix.
For the filling;
Beat four ounces softened cream cheese with three tablespoons of softened butter. Add a half a cup of sifted powdered sugar and beat until smooth. Add 1/2 teaspoon of vanilla.
Heat ebelskiver pan over medium heat. It is important to not let the pan get too hot or the ebelskivers will burn before the batter is fully cooked. Brush each well with a little melted butter. Spoon about a tablespoon of batter into each well. Put about a teaspoon-size dollop of the cream cheese mixture in the center of each.
These are of course best served warm. But I found the leftovers were actually quite tasty later on in the morning. This would be something you could have out on a buffet without worry that they would be stale or soggy.


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Reverse Phone Lookup
Seeing an unfamiliar number on the caller ID display? Use Reverse Phone Lookup to look up people calling you from their cell phones, using their phone numbers. Reverse Number Lookup also allows for reverse phone listings in addition to reverse cell phone number lookup. While resources such as white pages do not have information for cell phones, we provide reverse lookup cell phone number services as well as reverse phone listings.


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Gainesville, FL - Mike Gillislee had a career-high 148 yards rushing and two touchdowns, helping No. 23 Florida beat Bowling Green 27-14 Saturday.
The performance was far from perfect for the Gators, who struggled part of the game on offense and failed to generate much pressure on defense. Still, it was enough for Florida to win its 23rd consecutive opener. The streak is the second longest in the nation behind Nebraska (27).
The Gators can thank Gillislee, Frankie Hammond and two missed field goals for the latest one.
A senior who spent the last three years playing behind Jeff Demps and Chris Rainey, Gillislee scored on runs of 15 and 38 yards in the second quarter. Hammond turned a short pass into a 50-yard score early in the fourth. Bowling Green could have had a second-half lead, but fifth-year senior Stephen Stein missed field-goal attempts of 31 and 29 yards.


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Girls' Preschool Pastry Glam Pie Voyage Casual Shoes
Buy Online & Pick Up In-Store
She'll head out on a voyage to sweet style in the Pastry Glam Pie Voyage Casual Shoes. Adorable and comfy for her little feet, these sneakers are sure to become her favorites as soon as they are out of the box!
With a perforated leather and patent leather upper, tiny tootsies will get the ventilation they need to keep up on the playground, while pops of fun animal print fabric keep her style right on point. A rubber outsole gives her traction as she spins, runs and jumps, while the high-top silhouette has a retro-cool look she'll dig.
- UPPER: Synthetic leather and patent leather
- OUTSOLE: Rubber


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Justin Bieber Takes on 'Saturday Night Live'
Justin Bieber's Mom Pattie Mallette on Privacy
Justin Bieber pulled off a rare double last night, serving as both host and musical guest on "Saturday Night Live." It was also "SNL's" last show before Valentine's Day, not to mention Black History Month, so Bieber got in plugs for both of those events too. "That doesn't make any sense," my seven year old daughter says as she reads over my shoulder while I write this. "If it's Black History Month and Valentine's Day is coming up too, why didn't they get someone like Beyonce or Aretha Franklin?" Good questions. We'll let Bieber answer them. Watch some clips from the show. Leave your thoughts in the comments.
Related: Excerpt from an interview with WSJ's Lee Hawkins. Justin Bieber's mom discusses how she's helped her son deal with his celebrity status.


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2185 Citracado ParkwayEscondido, CA 92029442.281.5000
555 East Valley ParkwayEscondido, CA 92025760.739.3000
Outpatient Pavilion15611 Pomerado Rd. Poway, CA 92064858.613.4000
(adjacent to Pomerado Hospital)Poway, CA 92064858.613.4545
120 Craven RoadSan Marcos, CA 92078760.510.7330
EscondidoRancho PenasquitosTemeculaSan Elijo Hills (San Marcos)
Home > Health Resources > Health Encyclopedia
In the event that you are suspected of having ovarian cancer, you should be treated by a gynecologic oncologist, a subspecialist in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic cancers. Surgery is usually required for an accurate diagnosis and proper staging of the disease. The type of surgery you have depends on these factors:
The type of ovarian cancer you have
Whether the cancer is confined to your ovary or has spread
Whether you plan to become pregnant
Whether your general health is good
Your age
In certain instances, if your cancer was found at an early stage and has not spread, your surgeon may be able to leave your uterus and 1 ovary and fallopian tube intact (known as fertility-sparing surgery). Then you may be able to have children. If you have both your ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus removed, you will no longer be able to have children. You will enter sudden menopause, if you have not already reached it. That means you will no longer have menstrual periods and may need hormone replacement medications.
You may have more than 1 type of surgery--either as part of the same procedure, or as separate procedures. Depending on the type and stage of the cancer, you may or may not have another type of treatment, such as chemotherapy, before or after surgery.
No matter what type of surgery you have, it is important for the cancer to be surgically staged to determine the extent of the disease. To do this, a pathologist checks tissue samples (called biopsies) removed from your reproductive organs. The surgeon may also remove 1 or more lymph nodes. This is called a lymph node biopsy. The surgeon may also take tissue samples from other areas within the abdomen.
These are the types of surgery used to treat ovarian cancer.
This surgery is the one most commonly done for ovarian cancer. The following will be removed:
Your 2 ovaries
Your 2 fallopian tubes
Your uterus
Your cervix, which is the narrow end of the uterus.
The surgeon may also remove your omentum, a fatty apron of tissue that is attached to the large bowel.
In an oophorectomy, the surgeon removes 1 or both of the ovaries, depending on the likelihood that the cancer will spread. Another consideration may be whether or not you desire to have children. If the cancer has not spread to more than 1 ovary, it may be possible for the surgeon to treat you by removing only 1 ovary and 1 fallopian tube. This is called salpingo-oophorectomy. This procedure would enable you to attempt pregnancy.
Your doctor may remove 1 or more lymph nodes at the same time as an oophorectomy or hysterectomy. These small glands are part of your immune system and help your body fight infections. The surgeon removes nodes and checks them right away for signs of cancer.
During this surgery, which is also called debulking, the surgeon removes as much of the cancer as possible. Your doctor may recommend this surgery when the cancer has spread throughout the abdomen. If you have a debulking surgery and cancer has spread to your colon, you may need to have part of the colon removed as well. Most of the time, the colon can be reattached during this surgery, but you may need a colostomy. A colostomy means that the surgeon diverts a piece of your bowel through your abdomen to allow the remaining intestines to heal. Your stool will then drain into a pouch. This is usually temporary. Later on, it may be reversed by another surgery.
Debulking can also be done after some initial chemotherapy, called neoadjuvant chemotherapy, is given. This is called interval debulking. Usually, cytoreductive surgery is done first to remove as much tumor as possible. Then, chemotherapy is given. Some patients, especially those with extensive disease, older patients, and those with multiple medical problems, may have a different treatment strategy. It is important to have this surgery at a center with experience in the management of ovarian cancer. Gynecologic oncologists are subspecialists with advanced training in the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of female cancers including ovarian cancer.
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Osteoporosis Health Center
Paget's Disease of Bone - Topic Overview
What is Paget's disease?
Paget's disease is a problem of abnormal bone growth. It may affect just one bone, but it usually affects more than one.
- In normal bone, the bone tissue is constantly being broken down, absorbed into the body, and then rebuilt with new cells.
- In Paget's disease, bone tissue is broken down and absorbed much faster than normal, so the body speeds up the bone rebuilding process. But this new bone is often weak and brittle, and it breaks easily.
Paget's disease is most common in people older than 50, and the risk of getting it increases with age. Most people who have it are able to lead normal lives.
What causes Paget's disease?
The cause of Paget's disease is not clear. But it may be related to:
- Genetics. You're more likely to get Paget's disease if your parents, brothers, or sisters have it.
- Viruses. The viruses linked to measles in people and distemper in dogs have been found in the bones of people with Paget's disease. But there's no proof that these viruses cause this disease.
What are the symptoms?
Most people with Paget's disease have no symptoms. When symptoms occur, the most common ones are:
- Bone pain. It may be worse at night and get better with exercise. People often mistake the pain for normal aging or arthritis.
- Deformed bones, such as bowed legs, an enlarged skull or hips, or a curved backbone.
- Broken bones, or fractures.
Other symptoms may occur, depending on which part of the body is affected by Paget's disease.
- If it affects the skull, you may have symptoms such as headaches, sagging face muscles (facial droop), hearing problems, or loose teeth.
- If it affects the spine, it may damage nerves and cause leg pain, numbness, or weakness. It can also cause an emergency condition called cauda equina syndrome that results in loss of feeling in the pelvic area and legs.
How is Paget's disease diagnosed?
Paget's disease is most often found by chance when a person sees a doctor for a problem such as hip or back pain. An abnormal X-ray or blood test may lead the doctor to discover this disease.


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6.5-3 Kidnapping in the Second Degree -- § 53a-94
Revised to June 12, 2009
The defendant is charged [in count __] with kidnapping in the second degree. The statute defining this offense reads in pertinent part as follows:
a person is guilty of kidnapping in the second degree when (he/she) abducts another person.
For you to find the defendant guilty of this charge, the state must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant abducted <insert name of person>. "Abduct" means to restrain a person with the intent to prevent (his/her) liberation by <insert as appropriate:>
secreting or holding (him/her) in a place where (he/she) is not likely to be found. There need be no evidence of the use or threatened use of force. The defendant need only have effectively hidden <insert name of person> or left (him/her) in a place where (he/she) was not likely to be found.
using or threatening to use physical force or intimidation. The defendant does not need to actually use force. (He/She) need only threaten to use force in such a manner that <insert name of other person> reasonably believed that force would be used if (he/she) tried to escape.
"Restrain" means to restrict a person's movements intentionally and unlawfully in such a manner as to interfere substantially with (his/her) liberty by moving (him/her) from one place to another, or by confining (him/her) either in the place where the restriction commences or in a place to which (he/she) has been moved, without consent. There is no requirement that the movement be of any specific distance or that the confinement last any specific period of time. There need not be any movement at all -- the person could be confined by preventing (him/her) from leaving a place where (he/she) was.
Any apparent consent on the part of <insert name of other person> to the movement or confinement must have been actual and not simply acquiescence brought about by force, fear, shock, or deception. <Insert as appropriate:>
<If consent is at issue:> The act of consent must have been truly voluntary. Consent may be express or you may find that it is implied from the circumstances that you find existed. Whether there was consent is a question of fact for you to determine. The defendant has no burden to prove consent. The state must prove the lack of consent.
<If person abducted is less than sixteen or an incompetent person:> Without consent in this case means by any means whatever1, including acquiescence of the person, if (he/she) is (a child less than sixteen years old / an incompetent person) and (the parent or guardian / person or institution having lawful control or custody of (him/her)) has not acquiesced in the movement or confinement.
In abducting <insert name of person>, the defendant must have specifically intended to prevent (his/her) liberation. A person acts "intentionally" with respect to a result when (his/her) conscious objective is to cause such result. <See Intent: Specific, Instruction 2.3-1.>
[<Include the following when a related offense is charged or when the evidence supports the commission of an uncharged offense:>2
<Use one of the following, depending on whether the other offense is charged or not:>3
In this case, the defendant is also charged with <identify crime> in count __. <Refer back to the instruction on that count.>
The state has offered evidence that the defendant committed another offense, although the defendant has not been charged with that offense, specifically <identify crime>. <List the elements of the crime.>
As you can see there is no element of restraint for this offense. Nevertheless some interference with the complainant's liberty may be necessary or incidental to that offense.
To establish the intent required for abduction, the state must prove that the defendant intended to prevent the complainant's liberation for a longer time or to a greater degree than that which is necessary to commit another offense, here <identify other crime>. In this regard, the defendant's intent to prevent the complainant's liberation may be manifested by confinement or movement that is more than merely incidental to the other offense. In other words, if the confinement or movement is so much a part of the other offense that it could not have been committed without such acts, then the requisite intent to prevent the complainant's liberation has not been established. There is, however, no minimal period of confinement or degree of movement necessary to establish kidnapping.
Whether the movement or confinement of the complainant is merely incidental to another offense is a question of fact for you to determine. In determining whether the defendant intended to prevent the complainant's liberation beyond the degree necessary to commit the other offense, you may consider all the relevant facts and circumstances of the case, including, but not limited to, the following factors:4
the nature and duration of the complainant's movement or confinement by the defendant,
whether that movement or confinement occurred during the commission of the separate offense,
whether the restraint was inherent in the nature of the separate offense,
whether the restraint prevented the complainant from summoning assistance,
whether the restraint reduced the defendant's risk of detection, and
whether the restraint created a significant danger or increased the complainant's risk of harm independent of that posed by the separate offense.]
Consider all of the evidence when deciding on what the defendant intended to do. <Insert Evidence of Intent, Instruction 2.3-2.>
In summary, the state must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant abducted <insert the name of the other person>.
If you unanimously find that the state
has proved beyond a reasonable doubt each of the elements of the crime of
kidnapping in the second degree, then you shall find the defendant guilty. On
the other hand, if you unanimously find that the state has failed to prove
beyond a reasonable doubt any of the elements, you shall then find the defendant
not guilty.
1 The "any means whatever" language was intended "to protect young children and incompetent persons from being kidnapped when the victim agrees to go with the kidnapper because of promises of favors or gifts. A competent adult's actual consent to the restraint would negate lack of consent if not induced by deception, force, fear or shock; in other words, with no compulsion or deception. . . . The 'any means whatever' language should not be given in an instruction when . . . the victim is a competent adult." State v. Benjamin, 86 Conn. App. 344, 355 (2004).
2 State v. Salamon, 287 Conn. 509 (2008), State v. Sanseverino, 287 Conn. 608 (2008), and State v. DeJesus, 288 Conn. 418 (2008), made a significant change to the law of kidnapping. The trial court should carefully review those cases before using this instruction.
3 A defendant is entitled to an instruction that he or she cannot be convicted of kidnapping if the restraint imposed on the victim was merely incidental to another offense, regardless of whether the state elects to try the defendant for the other offense. See State v. Salamon, supra, 287 Conn. 550 n.35; State v. Sanseverino, supra, 287 Conn. 621.
4 State v. Salamon, supra, 287 Conn. 548. These factors are the more commonly occurring factual scenarios that might support a finding of intent to restrain beyond that necessary to commit the underlying crime, but they are only illustrative. Factors should only be included if relevant, and the trial judge may include other factors that appear in the case. The instruction must be tailored to the evidence presented by the state.