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Mission: Can I Get Kelly Ripa's Body?
One writer's journey to find strength (and a thinner waistline?) through the celebrity-worshiped fitness workout, Physique 57
We then move to the ballet barre for a sequence of thigh work with what I have been sweetly referring to as the "playground" ball. But really, this thing should be more aptly named the "fiery depths of hell" ball.
Standing facing the barre (if you're at home, use the back of a chair), you place said ball between your thighs, keeping your heels together. Then you're instructed to start pulsing up and down. Sometimes you go slow, sometimes fast, sometimes up and down only an inch, sometimes all the way to the floor. And sometimes, you just sit back and gyrate just your hips forward, clinging to the ball with every ounce of might between your thighs. All of it, every last bit, feels like death -- like your thighs are going to burst into roaring flames. What the hell, literally, is going on?
"That burning sensation is the feeling of lactic acid building up," says Katie Warner Johnson, one of my Physique 57 instructors, a certified personal trainer, and Harvard grad to boot. These thigh movements are making tiny micro tears in the muscle that will, after recovery, build the muscles back longer, leaner, and stronger, says Johnson. It's the burning that means it's working.
SEE NEXT PAGE: Does the crying mean it's working?
Older comments
Great job! Getting started is the hardest part and as long as you continue, it'll be easy to keep those good habits. Now I am inclined to look into the Physique 57 classes. There is not gym where I live that offers it, but perhaps I can find a DVD where I can try it at home. Nice work!
by flirtygirl214 Friday, August 10, 2012 at 02:02PM Report as inappropriate
Great but now work in healthy foods. See the real change.
by Ydabney Friday, August 10, 2012 at 12:04PM Report as inappropriate
Researchers at the University of Utah found that adults who consume eight or more glasses of water each day burned significantly more calories than people who only drank four or less. WHY ISN'T THIS SHOUTED FROM THE ROOFTOPS???
by alictasia Tuesday, July 17, 2012 at 09:55AM Report as inappropriate
I found videos on youtube and did a 5 min one for arms.
by asiagirl4ever Tuesday, July 17, 2012 at 09:11AM Report as inappropriate
This was a great article, but I don't think I'll be trying out these DVDs.
by tallredamanda Wednesday, March 28, 2012 at 06:46AM Report as inappropriate
Kelly Ripa looks like a skeleton...
by eatinglipstick Friday, March 23, 2012 at 02:27PM Report as inappropriate
This was a wonderfully witty and honest article that I can totally relate to. Thank you for the inspiration! You rock! =)
by powerwoman033 Tuesday, March 20, 2012 at 01:37PM Report as inappropriate
Im trying to loose weight but i have no motivation, this motivates me to be active. And i know its really hard to cut back on our favorite food
by Kary26 Sunday, March 18, 2012 at 10:34AM Report as inappropriate
Wonderful, my girl! Confessing to breaking down and all, putting yourself through the mill, and coming out the other side a winner! Yesssss! Make all us gals proud, and I, for one, am truly motivated!
by DaenerysGlow Saturday, March 17, 2012 at 01:42AM Report as inappropriate
she looks so and sounds so much better in the second video than the first
by sportimonki13 Monday, February 27, 2012 at 08:10PM Report as inappropriate
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Mammals (terrestrial)
Bear, Polar | Ursus maritimus
Status: Special Concern
Last Examination and Change: April 2008 (No Change)
Canadian Occurrence: YT, NT, NU, MB, ON, QC, NL, Arctic Ocean
Status Criteria: Not applicable
Reason for Designation: The species is an apex predator adapted to hunting seals on the sea ice and is highly sensitive to overharvest. Although there are some genetic differences among bears from different parts of the Arctic, movement and genetic data support a single designatable unit in Canada. It is useful, however, to report trends by subpopulation because harvest rates, threats, and, hence, predicted population viability, vary substantially over the species' range. Some subpopulations are overharvested and current management mostly seeks the maximum sustainable harvest, which may cause declines if population monitoring is inadequate. Until 2006, some shared subpopulations were subject to harvest in Greenland that was not based on quotas. Population models project that 4 of 13 subpopulations (including approximately 28% of 15,500 polar bears in Canada) have a high risk of declining by 30% or more over the next 3 bear generations (36 years). Declines are partly attributed to climate change for Western Hudson Bay and Southern Beaufort Sea, but are mostly due to unsustainable harvest in KaneBasin and Baffin Bay. Seven subpopulations (about 43% of the total population) are projected to be stable or increasing. Trends currently cannot be projected for 2 subpopulations (29% of the total population). Bears in some subpopulations show declining body condition and changes in denning location linked to decreased availability of sea ice. For most subpopulations with repeated censuses, data suggest a slight increase in the last 10-25 years. All estimates of current population growth rates are based on currently available data and do not account for the possible effects of climate change. The species cannot persist without seasonal sea ice. Continuing decline in seasonal availability of sea ice makes it likely that a range contraction will occur in parts of the species range. Decreasing ice thickness in parts of the High Arctic may provide better habitat for the bears. Although there is uncertainty over the overall impact of climate change on the species' distribution and numbers, considerable concern exists over the future of this species in Canada.
Status History: Designated Not at Risk in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999, November 2002, and April 2008.
Find out more about this species on the Species at Risk Act Public Registry
(note that by selecting this link you are leaving the COSEWIC Web site)

subset: commoncrawl


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RMAN Backup Strategy utilising multiple media (disk and tape)
By AndyBaker on Feb 12, 2013
Most Database administrators are comfortable with setting up an Oracle RMAN backup strategy that is simple. This would be along the lines of a full backup to tape or just a full backup to disk. This may be scripted or else a standard configuration from OEM grid control. But what if someone wanted something more complex than this?
An existing strategy at a client site was exactly this and the solution from a performance perspective the client ended up with backup runtimes reduced from hours to minutes with over 10 times performance gains. Not only this but tape contention was removed from the solution and by having the latest backup on disc faster restores were possible. This paper discusses the issues and the solution in detail.
The client had performed a full backup on the weekend followed by an incremental backup on other days direct to tape. This solution had many issues with tape media failures causing backups to have to be re-executed as well as an excessive time taken for a backup to be completed. A typical full backup of just one of the many databases direct to tape if lucky to complete was in the region of 19 hours un-tuned. The over running RMAN backups themselves also had a large negative impact on the online and batch performance times due to over running. At the site there have also been many issues with tape restores and access to backups as well as restore times being extremely excessive. It was clear from a quick review that the direct tape media was a major bottleneck to the implementation and for capacity increasing reasons that the strategy had to change.
The new backup requirement from the client became to implement a backup strategy to utilize multiple media at the same time. This was an RMAN level-0 full backup to disk weekly and then to push this backup off to tape (retention 7 years) and retain the disk backup for only another week. On subsequent days take an incremental level-1 and follow the same strategy. The disk backups are only house kept as part of the following week full backup. This strategy is shown below in the calendar, it should also be noted that the project also did not want to use the Fast Recovery Area for backup storage. Due to the capacity required they chose to use a separate tier 3 storage disk group +BACKUP for archive log destination and backup piece destination. The fast recovery (tier 2 storage) area was then only utilized by flashback logs (when they wanted flashback on) and multiplexed control / online redo logs. This allowed for a storage reduction in required tier 2 storage and a cost saving.
From a recovery point of view if a failure were to occur, the client wanted the ability to be able to restore from the local diskgroup using the last level-0 full backup and any incremental / archive log backups / archive logs as required. If there were an issue or they needed to go further back then and only then would be a requirement to utilize the tape media management.
For support of this and further implementation help please contact the author of the paper as required.
The aims are purely for demonstration and training purposes.
Please Note these scripts were written only for demonstration purposes. They are not optimized and they have almost no error checking, so be careful!
Download The Full PDF here: backup_strategy_paper.pdf


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Winery Profile: Iron Horse Vineyards
Post by Chuck Hayward | December 27th, 2012
In preparing JJ Buckley's Champagne Report, we wrestled with the decision to keep the focus on wines from that famous region, or open it up and include other sparklers, especially those from California. In the end, we decided to restrain ourselves, but not without some measure of protest from long-time friend Joy Sterling, proprietor of one of California's iconic producers of sparkling wines, Iron Horse Vineyards. So as I wrapped up work on our latest report, I took the opportunity to dig deeper into our local fizz market in order to gain some perspective.
Sparkling wine has a long tradition in California, with Korbel having the distinction of being the first winery to produce bubbly back in the 1880s. And like the wineries that produced still wine in the pre-Prohibition heyday, the state was also blessed with many sparkling wine producers. But the arrival and aftermath of Prohibition along with a federal tax scheme that appraises sparkling wine at three times the rate of still wine left few domestic producers making bubbly between 1930 and 1970. (more…)


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Redirected from Category:Kenya
this wiki
Last updated: 1 June 2016
|Refugees from Sudan are trained by Solar Cookers International in the use of their new CooKit solar cookers.
- See also: Global Calendar of Events and Past events in Kenya
Significant projects
- The Kakuma Refugee Camp was the first to receive a large scale solar cooking project - The Kakuma Refugee Camp was formed in 1972 when Sudanese refugees first arrived in Kakuma, Kenya. Introducing solar cooking to the camp was Solar Cookers International's first and largest refugee project, beginning in January 1995. Kakuma had considerable refugee turnover, but by 2004, when Solar Cookers International (SCI) concluded the project, the camp had tripled in size to nearly 90,000 refugees. Though rapid growth posed problems for assisting all those who wanted to solar cook, SCI ultimately served over 15,000 families. This project was one of the earliest to use the CooKit solar panel cooker to introduce solar cooking. The program also extended solar cooker technology to schools, especially primary schools, through demonstrations, poems, songs and drama.
- See other Most significant solar cooking projects worldwide.
- June 2016: Benefits of solar cooking explained to Rotary members - Camily Wedende recently presented to fellow members of Rotary Club of Eldoret, Kenya. Camily is the group leader of the Eldoret Student Projects program.
- April 2016: Training future trainers of solar cooking - Camily Wedende, group leader of Eldoret Student Projects in Elodoret, Kenya and member of Rotary Club of Eldoret, leads a Train-the-Trainers Workshop for the Rotary Club of Gulu, Uganda. The Uganda Rotary Club is preparing to distribute 500 Haines Solar Cookers in Northern Uganda and is learning more about solar cooking from Camily's years of experience building, teaching and cooking with solar.
- April 2016: Local woman from Kingston provides school lunches and solar cookers - For the past year, Gabriella Zamojski and her family have been providing school lunches to the school in Kamin Oningo, a fishing community across the bay. Midday cooking of the rice and beans was done over open fires. Firewood however, was growing ever more scarce and increasingly expensive. Seeking donations from friends, Gabriella purchased a new fuel efficient wood stove that uses only 10-15% of the wood supply compared to open fires. Wanting to do more to help families, she also organized instruction and a supply of solar cookers. Approximately 150 people were served a solar meal at a community gathering and 21 families left with new solar cookers. A micro-financing program is planned to asset other families obtain solar cookers. Read more...
- February 2016: Sharon Cousins has worked with Camily Wedende in Eldoret, Kenya for a number of years, helping to find ways to promote solar cooking to the local community on a shoe string budget. Sharon has experimented with a number of simple solar panel cooker designs, and her latest effort uses a large reflective bowl as a cooker base with an adjustable curved back reflector. After a recent visit, she sent Camily home with a large stainless bowl that is being used as a form to lay up paper mache copies of the shape using old newspapers. When dry and covered with aluminum foil, it becomes the base for a panel cooker. Students involved with Student Solar Cooking Science Projects Eldoret, Kenya have been eager to help with the construction.
- February 2016: On February 1, 2016, Camily Wedende of Sun Cookers International in Eldoret, Kenya, put on a "train the trainer" program in preparation for the Gulu, Uganda, Rotary Club's distribution of 500 Haines Solar Cookers in Northern Uganda. Geoffrey Okello of the Gulu Rotary Club reported that the group benefited greatly from Mr. Wedende's solar cooking knowledge and experience and above all learned how to cook African staple foods in a solar cooker. To cook Posho (ugali), the flour needs to be mixed with cold water and covered, instead of the normal way of first boiling the water before adding the flour, and no stirring is required. Sweet potatoes and cassava need to be cut into small pieces, eggs have to be placed directly on the solar cooker instead of the normal way of boiling in water. The group made and drank tea before cooking the following food items for lunch: Sweet potatoes, rice, green vegetables, eggs and posho.
- November 2015: The members of the Imani Women's Group bake cupcakes and larger cakes using only a wooden box and the sun. They earn enough money to help support their families and send their children to school. On a sunny day they produce up to 150 cupcakes, which they sell for 10 shillings (0.10 US$), and 30 cakes that go for 200 shillings (2.00 $US). Kenya, which straddles the equator, receives (according to the Kenyan Ministry of Energy) an average of 4.5 kwh per square meter per day. Read more... See also: Solar restaurants and bakeries
- June 2015: On June 10, Faustine Odaba gave a presentation on solar and fireless cooking to a women's initiative in Ringsaker, Norway after being invited by several NGOs.
- March 2015: Water Boiling Test Results Bernhard Müller's Water Boiling Test was conducted in February 2015 in Nairobi, Kenya comparing several types of solar panel cookers. One liter of water was used in each cooker. All the cookers showed they were capable of pasteurizing water and cooking food. Please note that Roger Haines contends that his cooker was not set up correctly for this test (details). See Water Boiling Test results - Bernhard Müller
- March 2015: New CooKits being made more durable in Kenya - Friends of the Old (FOTO) staff members bind the edges of new CooKits to make them more durable in Katito, Lower Nyakach, Kenya
- November 2014: Bernhard Müller started a fundraiser at betterplace.org to support seminars and workshops directed at the use and production of fireless cookers for the Kenyan NGOs NAREWAMA and FOTO.
- November 2014: Camily Wedende reports that a crowd of around 200 people attended the ceremony and celebration for the successful second project team in Student Solar Cooking Science Projects Eldoret, Kenya, innovators of the Hexagon Solar Cooker. Sharon Cousins, a long time supporter of the project, wrote a speech for the new graduates. It was read by guest of honor John Amayo.
- October 2014: Here is a recent photo of the latest group of children that Camily Wedende has been working with, each making their own solar panel cooker. See more photos at: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Student-Solar-Cooking-Science-Projects-Eldoret-Kenya/213211212064334. Thanks to Sharon Cousins for helping to post Camily's latest activities.
- October 4, 2014: The Natural Resources and Waste Management Alliance was invited to the launch of Kenya Interfaith Network on Environmental Action (KINEA); a network of faith groups that are propelled by their faith values to care for environment. The event was held at Tangaza college in Nairobi and was attended by various universities, colleges, NGOs, and religion groups. The guest of honour was Rt. Rev.Bishop Alfred Kipkoech Arap Rotich, the military ordinariate of the Catholic church in Kenya. The event was attended by over a hundred participants. KINEA engages in programs related to climate change and livelihood enhancement which include: ,promotion of tree growing faith owned/ managed institutions and land, faith based education for sustainable development (ESD), and faith based sustainable agriculture and wildlife conservation programs
- September 2014: Launch of new website - NAREWAMA, located in Nairobi, Kenya and under the direction of Faustine Odaba, has brought their organization and renewable energy activities online. Visit at: Natural Resources and Waste Management Alliance - NAREWAMA
- September 2014: Remba, the island without wood, welcomes solar cooking - Friends of the Old (FOTO) staff Seline and Pamela went on a four day work trip to Remba Island, Kenya to promote solar cooking and water testing. Remba Island is on Lake Victoria and is rocky and very remote. There is no firewood or charcoal on Remba Island and must be imported from Mbita by boat. The scarcity of firewood on the island combined with plenty of sunshine makes solar cooking and water pasteurization an ideal solution for the locals. Interest was high at the demonstration and local residents bought the available supply of CooKits and fireless baskets. See more photos of their trip...
- March 2014: Samaritan's Purse has provided 40 solar cookers in Kenya and training on how to use them, primarily to individuals living with HIV/AIDS. As part of the training, Samaritan's Purse includes reforestation techniques. Read more...
- April 2014: Building material supplier in Kenya imports solar cooker supplies - Roger Haines reports that Global Hardware, Ltd., a prominent Nairobi, Kenya building supply company, email@example.com, has agreed to purchase a large quantity of reflective foam insulation and polycarbonate plastic film for resale at low cost to solar cooking entrepreneurs. This is expected to reduce to less than $10 the wholesale cost of materials in Nairobi for the newly-designed Haines Solar Cooker. The hope is that the availability of these inexpensive materials will promote the creation of new solar cooking entrepreneurs in East Africa. Haines' San Diego Rotary Club will purchase materials for 500 of the new cookers for distribution by the Rotary Club of Gulu, Uganda.
- November 2013: Study of water treatment in Kenya demonstrates the effectiveness of the WAPI - Bob Metcalf, research microbiologist, and FOTO worked together on a study to compare results of various water treatment chemicals to the WAPI water pasteurization indicator used with a CooKit solar cooker. One finding of note is that the WAPI, when used with the CooKit, was 100% effective in producing negative results for E.coli, while the WaterGuard (3 drops/liter) method was only effective in most cases. Read the study at: The Goal is Zero: A Strategy to Eliminate Water-bourne Disease in Lower Nyakach, Kenya
- October 2013: Faustine Odaba and Nicholas Okeya present a solar cooking and haybasket during a festivity of the Catholic Church in Nairobi.
- May 2013: San Diego, California, USA Rotary Clubs have partnered with Rotary Clubs in Kenya to provide three hundred Haines Solar Cookers, designed by California resident Roger Haines, for a pilot project with a community in Kenya. Director of the Kenya-based Natural Resources and Waste Management Alliance (NAREWAMA) Faustine Odaba is supervising this project. This new solar cooker design is made from commercially available, reflective bubble insulation. The plastic bag has been replaced by a clear strip of polycarbonate film, which is rolled into a cylinder and secured with clips to support the cook pot.
- May 2013: Safe water packages helping in Kenya - Solar Cookers International released information on the their latest efforts to offer safe water packages to low-income families in Kenya. The package contains all the necessary components to use the integrated cooking approach, which means using the solar panel cooker to heat water and kill pathogens when it is sunny, and using an efficient fuel stove when it is not. A heat retention basket, or "fireless cooker" is included to keep cooked food warm, and to extend cooking times. Working with their partners, who provide the training and follow-up, they have distributed 212 safe water packages from November 2012 through April 2013. These packages have provided over 1,000 people a virtually cost free way to maintain a healthy water supply and prepare their meals. SCI has set a goal to increase the number of packages they fund from 35 per month to 100 per month through the fall of 2013. Please consider donating to SCI to help reach this goal.
- March 2013: John Amayo, with SURE, reports that the Ministry of Agriculture in Kenya recently held a farmers field day, providing an event for local farmers to come and see new ideas. SURE participated, and were able to demonstrate solar cooking using the CooKit, a parabolic solar cooker, and a Pulsee Solar Cooker. The farmers were pleased with the meat stew prepared in the box cooker, the roasted meat on the parabolic, and water pasteurization with the Pulsee. We also used the heat retention basket on this particularly windy day. It was rewarding to be able to show how the water available was not safe for drinking, and how solar water pasteurization can make it safe.
- February 2013: Kisumu County receives water pasteurization information - Former SCI Kenya staffer John Amayo runs Sustainable Utilization of Renewable Energy (SURE) in the Kadibo division of Kisumu County. With the help of Solar Cookers International and Bob Metcalf's portable microbiology lab, SURE has been able to test local water sources and has distributed thirty safe water packages to the vulnerable in the community. The safe water packages provided by SCI which SURE distributes, like the ones received by FOTO beneficiaries, are accompanied by programs to educate the community on hand washing, food safety, cleanliness around the home, and solar pasteurizing or chemically treating all drinking water. SURE also has plans to harness wind power for lighting and promote the use bio-fuels like biogas for lighting and cooking.
- November 2012: Student Solar Cooking Science Projects, USA and Kenya - What began as a pilot project in Eldoret, Kenya has evolved into two sister organizations, Eldoret Student Projects, founded by Sharon Cousins in the USA and a sister organization in Kenya founded by Camily Wedende. Ongoing fundraising goals include renting a small work facility. Because of limited funding, the group is always looking for ways to produce a reasonable solar cooker for $10 USD or less. The partnership that led to these projects began when Camily Wedende of Eldoret read about an American youth project advised by Sharon Cousins, and contacted Sharon asking for advice on working with young people. The pilot project, which involved twenty students ages 10-18, was a stunning success. The innovative approach teaches skills that will help the students in many areas of life. They hope to create a replicable model for the harnessing the tremendous energy and enthusiasm of young people for the advancement of solar cooking in their communities and beyond.
- November 2012: Integrated Cooking Method promoted in Kenya - Ingelore Kahrens reports that last summer she went to Kenya again for five weeks to celebrate the birthday of the newly founded Mount Kenya Integrated Community Development Organization (MKICDO). The Gaketha Laura Energy Saving Group, which was founded after Ingelore's first visit in 2009, is promoting the use of fuel-efficient stoves and basket cookers, as well as promoting soil and crop management practices. A Lazola 3 solar box cooker was introduced, which was approved by the board members of MKICDO. The group is planning to train artisans at a training center near Chogoria on how to build the cooker. On September 28th, the Lazola 3, along with a basket cooker and a fuel-efficient stove, was taken for demonstration to a divisional show. The County Commissioner from Kitui, the Assistant Minister for Agriculture and many other people were delighted to eat rice that was cooked with the sun." Read more: Gaketha Laura Energy Saving Group update, November 2012
- November 2012: Students with Eldoret Student Projects have designed a new solar cooker called the Hexagon Solar Cooker. The bottom portion of the cooker has six angles, with a two foot tall reflector at the rear. It a powerful cooker that cooks food in less than three hours with good sunshine. The students used paper cardboard, aluminum foil and glue. Each student earns the materials for their cooker by helping to build and test prototypes and keeping good records of their observations. New students have registered to begin making the new solar cooker design.
- February 2012: Camily and Gaudenziah Wedende have started the Seeing is Believing Cafe in Eldoret, Kenya. They are cooking cakes, tea, and other solar-cooked goodies, and selling them in front of their Sun Cookers International business. Tanya Cothran, Director of Spirit in Action, writes about their cafe on the Spirit in Action's blog.
- February 2012: Peter Mwathi has been developing an inexpensive solar water heating system, designed to provide warm water for domestic tasks. The water is stored below ground, and has stayed warm enough to use for as long as three days. It is not intended to be a water pasteurization system. He says a system costing Sh. 20,000 can heat water for up to 200 people, while another with measurements of 30 m. by 3 m. can heat water for 600 people. Read more...
Kenya is the center of solar cooking activity in East Africa. A number of organizations are endeavoring to promote the technology in this country, which has been the commercial hub of the area for several decades. Its capital, Nairobi, is also well served by air, making access to the nation and region readily available, using Nairobi as entry point.
The promotion of solar energy is decades old in Kenya. As far back as 1977, GTZ (the Germany's official technical aid agency) initiated and later abandoned a project in Nairobi. The reason given had to do with the fact that products used were made in Germany and not available in East Africa. Two different Catholic missions in rural Kenya seem to have tried solar cooking, but no information is available on outcomes. As early as 1991, some ovens were exported to Tanzania (through Trans World Radio, perhaps), indicating that the product presented a business opportunity. In 1992, an Earthwatch grant permitted an academic, Dr. Daniel Kammen, to initiate a multi-year study of renewable energy technologies, including solar cookers, using volunteers in short-term Earthwatch projects.
Other early efforts included the work of Trans World Radio to promote solar use, promotion within the Girl Guide organization, a large project under the auspices of the Institute for Cultural Affairs, and the activities of a remarkable Peace Corp Volunteer. In the mid-1990s, with assistance of Solar Cookers International (SCI) a national coordinating body for the purpose of sharing information and strengthening progress by collective action around the topic of solar cooking was formed in Nairobi.
Among those early efforts was the activity of Trans World Radio (TWR). TWR work began in the early 1990s. A conference proceedings on Renewable Energy Policies in East Africa, held in 1993, includes a paper by TWR coordinator [[Clive Wafukho]] on their work in solar cooking. This organization promoted solar cooking on its radio programs, made and sold box cookers in the Nairobi environs, and worked also in a distant refugee camp. They pioneered solar cooking in Kakuma Refugee Camp, where SCI later established another project. TRW estimates that in the period between 1992 and 2001, they distributed a total of 2,350 cookers in the camp and other localities in Kenya. Logistics and staff support were always problems in the remote areas. In 2000, an attempt to solve that problem was the training of refugees as carpenters to build the cookers in the camp itself. TRW reports the production of 400 cookers in that manner.
The cookers are large and well suited to the needs of the Sudanese population that lives in extended family compounds, requiring cooking for 10-20 people daily. Trans-World Radio has demonstrated remarkable staying power in this difficult to serve area, with a population that could not afford to buy the expensive box cookers. Therefore most were given away free, with funds raised for the most part outside of Africa. TWR estimate that two-thirds of the cookers are used regularly.
In roughly the same time period, U.S.Peace Corps volunteer, Barbara Ross, was assigned to an area in western Kenya. Her responsibilities were varied, but, outside of her assigned tasks, more or less on her own initiative, she began the promotion of solar cooking. Ms. Ross recruited and trained a number of women in the locality to which she was assigned, who then formed themselves into a Housewives' Club, and proceeded in turn to teach others. They made box cookers of cardboard, which worked very well in a propitious climate, and solar cooking was on its way in this part of Kenya.
The interest of Girl Guides solar cooking also goes back to roughly the same time period. An early training program had been initiated in Kenya by Barby Pulliam, chief promoter of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts Little remains of that one-shot demonstration, but it did serve as a foundation for later work that developed more fully in the latter 1990s. An interesting offshoot of that program is a unique program, a Girl Guide troop in Kakuma refugee camp, run by individuals originally inspired by the work of Ms. Pulliam. In few places can Girl Scout/Guide activities be more welcome!
The other major early actor on the Nairobi scene was the Institute for Cultural Affairs, (ICA) which had a long term presence in the development community, focused on empowering local communities to define their own needs and plan their own development strategies. Solar cooking was a kind of side interest for ICA, though obviously related to its larger issues. To carry out the solar cooking mission, a Swiss volunteer, long interested and skilled in the technology and in training others, joined the Nairobi staff of ICA, for the specific purpose of promoting solar cooking. ICA created a solar box cooker construction course at a local technical school, which ultimately produced all the cookers used by ICA in the communities where they worked. ICA used a rather classical community development approach in their work. In community meetings, workers facilitated community members in defining their needs and existing barriers, which prevent meeting those needs. Fuel shortage was a major problem, and hence solar cooking promotion became an ongoing part of the program in many areas of Kenya. However, the solar activity more or less ceased after the very effective volunteer returned to her home.
The agencies described above formed the corps of the solar cooking consortium formed in 1994, with some financial help from SCI. The purpose of the consortium formed around solar cooking was to share information with one another, and to enlist additional person power for promotional efforts. SCI provided financial and moral support to the effort for some years. One conference was held in Nairobi, and one in outstate Kenya, in the hope of involving additional people in the effort. Ultimately, the logic of solar power dictated that purveyors and promoters of photovoltaic technologies would be included in the group. Over time, and after finally achieving NGO status in Kenya (not an easy task), the organization came to be dominated by the larger and considerably-more powerful community of business and industrial photovoltaic personnel in Kenya and thus of less value to solar cooking promoters.
Shortly after the creation of the consortia arrangement described above, in 1994, SCI accepted an invitation from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to embark on a demonstration project in a refugee camp. The story of the project in Kakuma refugee camp is recounted elsewhere; therefore recounting here will be brief. The program was carefully planned (insofar as that was possible for an organization which had not previously worked in an overseas setting) and carefully monitored throughout the project. Kakuma is located in the semi-arid Rift Valley in the far northeast corner of the nation, reachable only by air (or 20 hours on a rickety bus). The camp grew from what seemed a very large 28,000 initially to almost 100,000 at one point, with major changes in the ethnic makeup. Logistical problems were always difficult, as the camp, being so remote, was not easily accessible. Eventually, a Kenyan staff was formed, and the camp work was, in 2004 (8 long years later), phasing into a refugee-run cooperative with similar purposes to the original SCI project, i.e., a demonstration that persons in need can and will adopt solar cooking, save fuel and scarce financial resources, while inflicting less harm on the already fragile environment.
After a successful start at Kakuma camp, Solar Cookers International was invited to initiate a similar project at remote Aisha refugee camp in Ethiopia.
The November 2003 issue of Solar Cooker Review carries Sunshine does let them eat cake about a woman refugee, Mumina Baraka, who now operates a small scale bakery in Kakuma, selling in small quantities to make a living, and to provide baked goods for other refugees to purchase. She plans to take her CooKit back to Ethiopia with her when that becomes feasible.
A number of other projects, mentioned above, were established in roughly the same time frame, as described above, in the activities of TWR, the Girl Guides and ICA. (Somewhat later, a Rotary project in Nairobi was started, but turned out to be less than wholly successful, perhaps showing the difficulty of working in urban areas. Need is considerable, but space, security of food and cooker, etc. are difficult issues in congested poorer urban areas.)
During the early years of the Kakuma camp program, the solar cooking program generated considerable interest in refugee circles. All visitors were taken to the training sites and, when advance notice made it possible, given a meal cooked by the sun. SCI's refugee coordinator, a Zairean woman who spoke excellent English, became almost a camp staff person, and was frequently called on to accompany visitors, to translate for them, and to provide demonstrations. One of the visitors in the early years was a UNHCR staff person from the head offices of the UN agency in Geneva. He was integral to beginning the program in Ethiopia. In addition, he discussed the possibility with SCI of working in Dadaab refugee camp in Kenya, located on the Somali border, to the east and north of Nairobi. That camp, almost entirely Somali in population, was far bigger than Kakuma (with about 100,000 residents) and differently structured, with three separate sub-camps, each located at a distance from the central offices of the organizations serving the camp.
The camp administrator in Dadaab was enthusiastic about starting a solar cooking program. Activities concerned with energy conservation were well underway in the camp, under the direction of the German technical assistance agency, Deutsche Gemeinshaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) which had been implementing an improved stove program for some years. That program used an interesting model of "work for a stove" in which individuals were given 25 tree seedlings to plant and cultivate at their own homestead. At the end of three months, if they had successfully nurtured the seedlings, the "gardener" was given a voucher to obtain a stove. The devices used were a somewhat larger version of a charcoal stove in use in Kenya for some years, one in which the fire bed was made of ceramic, then encased in a metal shell. The stoves were "manufactured" in a workshop run by GTZ and were considerably more efficient than traditional three-stone fires. Trained "animatrices" were assigned to various parts of the camp where they did extensive workshops showing people how to use the new equipment.
By the time GTZ heard about the solar program, Dadaab staff had already provided stoves for over 90% of the camp's residents, using the distribution method described above. Both GTZ and SCI agreed that adding solar cookers to the mix would be one more way to cut down on the use of wood fuel, which by that time had been declared unlawful by the Kenya government, but was still occurring routinely. The team of GTZ extension workers, already trained in promotion of wood stoves were given additional training in solar technologies, thus adding another tool to their fuel saving repertoire. Eventually, SCI trained additional Dadaab women as trainers, in order to proceed at a faster rate in this huge camp.
An unfortunate event occurred next in Dadaab, one that effectively put an end to the solar cooking project and considerably dampened the improved stove project as well. A delegation of American congresspersons visited the camp. They were told stories of the dangers women were exposed to in the collection of wood (unlike Kakuma, refugees were allowed to collect wood in the area, even though it was unlawful by order of the government). Dadaab is located only about 15 miles from the border with Somalia; the lawlessness of that country spilled over into the nearby camp. Cars were routinely hijacked, necessitating convoy travel to the campsites. Security was certainly a high concern. Some refugees had been robbed, a few killed, and some women raped and murdered while searching for wood. Naturally, this gained the sympathy of the congresspersons. On return to the US, they managed to add a rider to legislation already in process that provided several million dollars for the purchase of fuelwood for Dadaab.
Both GTZ and SCI were horrified at this well meaning, but ultimately destructive, act, which harmed the fuel-efficient stove program and effectively ended the solar cooking project. Obviously, free fuelwood was a far more attractive option. Two years later, the money for fuel was finished, and the programs promoting alternatives to fuelwood were no longer present in the camp. In the US, SCI attempted to protest, but was unsuccessful in obtaining a hearing on this emotional issue, taken up in good faith by ill-informed U.S. representatives. The solar cooking program in Dadaab program of SCI was closed and has not been restarted.
A Swiss woman named Alison Curtis, working for an NGO called the Solar Health and Education Project(SHEP), has provided a number of workshops in the coastal and other regions of Kenya. The first workshop was held in the Kenya Marine National Reserve locality, a protected part of the spectacular coast of that nation. The initial group trained was made up of teachers and public health workers, in order to encourage the introduction of simple solar technologies into school curricula and thus into everyday life. Both cooking and water pasteurization techniques were demonstrated and the required skills taught to participants. A second group of new solar cooks was simply introduced to the concept and practice of solar cooking in a basic training workshop, while a third group of experienced cooks reviewed progress in their respective villages (based on earlier training and promotion).
A second cluster of workshops was held in an area with a pastoral population that had not been exposed at all to solar cooking previously. The group made their own CooKits from recycled Tetra pack cartons (small boxes used to hold milk, lined with foil, which becomes the CooKit's shiny surface). After construction of the CooKits, smaller groups cooked their meals, with the assistance of the trainers. As is common, amazement was the hallmark of the day! They loved the food and could hardly believe it had been cooked with the sun. In good pastoral style, one of the participants told Ms. Curtis 'this initiative is like a cow given to us. We, the Masai, consider the cow the greatest gift one can offer. Let's utilize it". After the praise a promotion committee was appointed to create an action plan to spread the technology in their area.
An exercise not common in the solar cooking world was executed in Kenya in 2002. Working on behalf of the NGO, Solar Household Energy, Inc. (SHE, Inc.]] a team of graduate students from the University of Michigan, as a part of an assignment for a class in their MBA program, conducted an extensive market survey re solar cookers in Kenya. The students, supported by a generous donor to the school, conducted both phone and in-person interviews with knowledgeable sources in the U.S., Mexico, and in Kenya itself. The result is a comprehensive review of past and present solar cooking projects in Kenya, their market strategies, successful or failing, along with the views of a large number of opinion leaders from government, the non-governmental community, entrepreneurs and manufacturers on the topics. In conclusion, the students brought their knowledge from Business School courses to bear on the problem, resulting in a useful document for promotion of solar cooking in the country. The document can also serve as a model for other related market research endeavors. Sponsored by SHE, Inc., this unusual effort concerning solar cooking turned out to be not only an excellent learning experience for students but also a document useful for multiple purposes.
And, lastly, and perhaps of most interest, is a different program of SCI. The project, called Sunny Solutions, was first established in an area near Lake Victoria. The project is located in Upper and Lower Nyakach divisions, in Nyando district, in Nyanza province, not far from Kisumu, the third largest city in Kenya. Local organizations were recruited as partners and an intense awareness campaign involving a range of stakeholders from government, women's groups, churches, and so on, was initiated. Initially, 150 women were invited to try the solar cooking at home; they were provided with CooKits, the cardboard cooker used in areas where families have limited resources, and were given intensive training and an extended follow-up. In early 2003, a team of research consultants conducted an evaluation exercise to serve as a baseline for later program assessment of accomplishments in terms of fuel savings and health benefits.
In May 2003, fifteen women were recruited as trainers from the original pool of 150 solar cooks and sixteen women's groups. The trainers learned to solar cook all types of foods, carry out sales and home visits, keep sales records, and test and pasteurize water.
In July of 2003, the formal kickoff of the program began, with a proper Kenya style community celebration, including solar cooked food, singing and dancing, visits from government officials and community leaders, with banners strung over the site touting the wonders of the sun. The project was well organized with continuous careful monitoring to assure that the project remained on course as it moved towards its goals.
In 2005, hand-assembled CooKits were introduced in the community and given the nickname used to describe people of Nyakach - OYWA. Hand-assembly meant an increase in the profit margin received by the seller and a lower retail price for each cooking kit (a Cookit, plastic bags, WAPI, and instruction booklet). Those involved in the assembly process also received commissions for each well-assembled unit. By the end of 2006, the sales team had grown to 23 expert women, called Solar Cooker Representatives (SCOREPS); 4000 CooKits were sold; over 95% of the people of Nyakach were aware of the benefits of solar cooking; and Sunny Solutions had grown to include two more sites, Kadibo, a flood-prone area just outside Kisumu and Kajiado, a drought prone area on the main highway from Nairobi to Tanzania.
Reports of other small scale programs exist in Kenya; the ones desribed above are the longest lasting and largest known currently.
[Information for this section was taken originally from State of the Art of Solar Cooking by Dr. Barbara Knudson. Edits and updates may have occurred since that time.]
Archived articles
Climate and culture
Solar Cookers International has rated Kenya as the #13 country in the world in terms of solar cooking potential (See: The 25 countries with the most solar cooking potential). The estimated number of people in Kenya with fuel scarcity but ample sun in 2020 is 5,900,000. Solar cooking must be introduced in an area with sunshine for at least 6-9 months a year for the technology to be deemed useful. Highlands are often cloudy and overcast and so people tend to go back to their old ways.
Fuelwood provides 79% of Kenya's total energy use. Each day Kenyans burn 37 million kilos of wood and 6 million kilos of charcoal.
Statistics indicate that nearly 25 per cent daily income of urban folks is spent on fuel. This money could be channeled into more pressing needs like education, medicine, housing or other investments if this new technology were to be embraced.
Mattias Goldmann of the NGO Tricorona reports that he was told that several Kenyan tribes have a "strong taboo" against cooking outside.[1]
Dinah Chienjo of Friends of the Old reports, "The people have since time immemorial believed that water was blessed from the beginning and cannot cause any diseases but through the education and by showing them the results of the tested waters and telling them the dangers of the germs on the body, they are beginning to change their drinking habits and looking back many people agree that the many stomach related diseases they have suffered in the past have been a result of the bad river or pond water they have been drinking." See Water pasteurization.
See also
- The Special Challenges of Solar Cooking - Charles Onyango-Oloo
- Wikipedia article on the climate of Kenya
- View an interactive map of Kenya
- Discussion of eastern Africa's suitability for solar cooking
- Solar cooker dissemination and cultural variables
Possible funders
- Kenya Agency for Development of Enterprise and Technology (KADET)
- Faulu Kenya
- Small and Micro Enterprise Programme (SMEP)
- Spirit in Action
- October 2013: The Goal is Zero: A Strategy to Eliminate Water-Borne Disease in Lower Nyakach, Kenya (Report and Slides)
- June 2010: Solar Cooking Demonstration at the Mara in Narok; Kenya
- July 2008: East Africa Report - Karyn Ellis
- May 2008: SCI's Kenya Program: Sunny Solutions and Beyond - Karyn Ellis
- September 2006: The Special Challenges of Solar Cooking
- Fall 2006: Mpala, Kenya: A Summer of Teaching, Research, and Learning - Ishani Sud
- June 2006: Lasting Impacts of Solar Cooking in Kenya - Melanie Szulczewski, Ph. D.
- A page with chronological reports from the Solar Cookers International solar cooking project in the Kakuma Refugee Camp in Kenya.
- May 2003: A Market-Based Strategy for Introducing Passive Solar Ovens in Kenya
Articles in the media
- May 2016: Kenya's Young Inventors Shake Up Old Technology - Inter Press Service
- February 2016: Solar ovens help fuel future - The Whig
- December 2015: India's Solar Initiative and the Challenge of Climate-Safe Development (included in interview is President Kenyatta) - Living on Earth
- October 2009: Kenya: Entrepreneurs Cashing in on Green Campaign - Business Daily (Nairobi)
- June 2009: China and Kenya setting up a joint venture for solar energy products - Chinaafrica.asia
- April 2009: Inventor turns cardboard boxes into eco-friendly oven - CNN (Solar Cookers International alerted CNN that this invention is not new. CNN then updated the story to mention the work of SCI and others.)
- March 2009: The five fighters of climate change - Financial Times
- April 2008: Kenyans Tap Sun to Make Dirty Water Sparkle - Women's eNews
- November 2007: Kenya safe water project to include innovative testing, pasteurizing tools - Solar Cooker Review
- November 2007: Kenya: Solar power on the rise - East African Standard
- May 2007: Sacramento's Solar Cookers International uses the sun to improve quality of life, one village at a time - Sacramento News Review
- February 2007: Rural Kenyan women on vanguard of African solar revolution - Agence France Presse
- December 2006: Student sows seeds of community-helping technology in Africa - News@Princeton
- November 2006: Kenyan women look to the sun for cooking - Mail and Guardian
- March 2006: Truckee Rotary clubs heat things up in Kenya - Sierra Sun
Audio and video
- January 2016:
- 2014:
- December 2014:
- March 2013:
- August 2012: Solarkocher für Kenia - WDR (English version)
- August 2010:
- November 2009: Solar cooking comes of age in Kenya - Al Jazeera
- February 2008:
- September 2006: A video interview with Margaret Owino (High bandwidth or low bandwidth)
- September 2006: An interview with Margaret Owino that was broadcast on WBAI in New York (WMA: 22k or MP3: 24k)
Documents in local languages
Manufacturers and vendors
Government agencies
Educational institutions


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RICHMOND -- Veteran Democrat Rep. George Miller of Martinez, one of Congress' most influential and senior members, will leave behind a 40-year legacy of key water, labor, education and health care legislation, said supporters in the wake of the Miller's surprise announcement Monday that he will not seek re-election in November.
"About a year ago, my sons started saying, 'C'mon, Dad, it's been 40 years!'" Miller said during an interview at his Martinez home Sunday afternoon. "It got me thinking about what I have accomplished in partnership with my staff in the past 40 years. I can look back on our body of work and be very proud of it. It was still a hard decision. But it felt right."
The venerable 6-foot-4 inch mustachioed legislator, 68, made his decision public Monday in Richmond, the blue-collar town where he was born and the heart of the East Bay congressional district the unapologetic liberal has represented for almost four decades.
Miller's announcement triggered excitement over the prospects of a coveted open congressional seat, although his retirement will have no bearing on the balance of partisan power in the House of Representatives -- Miller's successor in the heavily Democratic district almost certainly will share his party affiliation. Longtime Miller supporter and state Sen. Mark DeSaulnier, D-Concord, said Monday he will run.
"Like George, I love being in public life. To be a member of the Legislature has been a dream come true, and then to think about being a member of the U.S. Congress is even more amazing," DeSaulnier said.
Reaction from both sides of the political aisle to Miller's decision came within minutes after the news broke Monday.
House GOP Speaker John Boehner told Politico.com, "No one would confuse me and George Miller for ideological soul mates. But during our years serving together ... we got things done on behalf of the American people thanks in no small part to his dedication and willingness to work for the greater good."
House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of San Francisco, a close friend who relies heavily on Miller's counsel, said in a statement, "In the majority, as chairman of three committees, and in the minority as well, he has written some of the most creative legislation of our time -- on health care, education, child policy and labor rights, and also on the environment, energy and national parks."
Only 29 when he was elected as one of the so-called "Watergate babies" after President Richard Nixon's resignation in 1974, the only son of the late state Sen. George Miller Jr. achieved one of his long-held goals when he helped write and pass the 2010 Affordable Health Care Act, sometimes called Obamacare.
He also co-authored with Republicans the No Child Left Behind Act, landmark legislation mandating better education for minority and poor children. He helped pass a 1992 federal water law that required the Central Valley Project to do more to protect fish and wildlife.
His voluminous legislative list also includes expanding the federal student loan program, hiking the minimum wage and bringing physically handicapped children into regular classrooms.
"I understand his decision and I accept it, but I don't like it," Contra Costa Building and Construction Trades Council CEO Greg Feere said. "I deal with people from all across the country, and as soon as I say my congressman is George Miller, they take note because he is one of the most influential members of the House."
Miller excelled at political strategy, too. As chairman of the Democratic Party Policy Committee, he helped Democrats retake the House in 2006, leading to Pelosi's historic ascension as the first female speaker of the House.
"Miller has been an incredibly smart and capable congressman over a long period of time who is without question one of the most important members from California and arguably one of the most important members in the entire House," said Ethan Rarick, director of UC-Berkeley's Matsui Center for Politics and Public Service. "His departure is national news."
Seated at his dining room table with his wife, Cynthia, nearby, Miller was genuinely awestruck at what he calls his great fortune to serve in Congress. Out of the roughly 10,000 people who have been elected to the 435-member House of Representatives, fewer than 50 have remained in office as long as Miller. He is the dean of the California congressional delegation along with Rep. Henry Waxman, D-Los Angeles, and ranks fifth on the House seniority list.
"When I look out my office window in Washington at the magnificent view of the Capitol dome, I always think, 'What is a kid from Martinez doing here?'" said Miller, his trademark deep voice catching a bit around the edges.
He has worked with seven sitting U.S. presidents -- former President George W. Bush even gave him a nickname, "Jorge Grande," or "Big George."
In a less weighty Miller factoid, his modest townhouse in Washington, D.C., where he rooms during the week with Democratic Sens. Dick Durbin of Illinois and Charles Schumer of New York, loosely inspired the Amazon.com original comedy series "Alpha House," starring John Goodman.
Schumer jokingly tweeted on Monday, "Seeking roommate. 20 terms in the House & unmatched legislative record preferred. Lover of cold cereal a must."
Contact Lisa Vorderbrueggen at 925-945-4773, firstname.lastname@example.com or Twitter.com/lvorderbrueggen.
Age: 68
Hometown: Martinez
Tenure: 1975 through present
Committees: Ranking member of House Education and Workforce Committee; past co-chairman of the House Democratic Party Steering and Policy Committee; and former chairman of the House Resources Committee
Education: Diablo Valley Community College, San Francisco State University, UC-Davis Law School
Family: Married to Cynthia, two adult sons, six grandchildren


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Lights Out (2016)
- Rating
- Genre
- Horror
- release date
- July 22, 2016
- Director
- David F. Sandberg
- Written by
- Eric Heisserer
- Cast
- Alexander DiPersia, Alicia Vela-Bailey, Billy Burke, Gabriel Bateman, Lotta Losten, Maria Bello, Maria Russell, Teresa Palmer
A woman is haunted by a creature that only appears when the lights go out.
See Also 2016 New Movies
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- Disney & Jerry Bruckheimer making my job easy
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- All together now: "WHO CARES?!"
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- SciFi Channel: One good idea, one bad
- American Idol: Camile is outta here!
- A love affair with mediocrity
- The Apprentice: Vic called it right
- Just shoot me now
- The Apprentice & Omarosa: Is there no end?
- The Apprentice Finale: Wow!
- The Apprentice: Reality sets in
- American Idol: Jennifer is history
- Survivor: Is it an island or a glass house?
- More Omarosa backlash
- The reality of reality TV
- Review: Kill Bill Vol.2
- American Idol: The bell tolls for John Stevens
- Extreme Makeover Home Edition – Reality TV with a heart?
- Detailed images of the Batsuit from Batman Begins
- American Idol: George bites the dust
- Disney does the right thing
- Friends Finale: Validating why I dumped this show
- Fantasy Movies: A good trend for a change
- The Olsen twins: Too much of a bad thing
- Survivor All-Stars Finale = Sensory Overload
- The Swan – What are we missing?
- American Idol: Last dance for LaToya
- Survivor All Stars – Rupert's revenge!


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LODI - Firefighters managed to keep a second-floor apartment fire from spreading to adjoining units Monday morning despite extensive damage to the unit and the attic from the two-alarm blaze.
Upon arrival around 10:30 a.m. at the apartment complex at 400 Chestnut Street - near the busy intersection of West Lodi Avenue and South Hutchins Street - Lodi Fire Battalion Chief George Juelch called the second alarm, bringing in off-duty firefighters and mutual aid engines from the Woodbridge, Stockton and Waterloo-Morada fire departments. A total of 26 fire personnel responded to the scene.
The fire apparently started accidentally while someone in the apartment was cooking with oil that ignited, spreading to the kitchen cabinets and extending into the attic, Juelch said.
"It was pretty intense for a few minutes. Our guys made an aggressive knockdown on it," Juelch said, keeping it confined to the single unit. At least two other units had some water damage. Juelch estimated total damage at $200,000 to $250,000.
The three adult residents of the burned apartment were displaced, as were another five residents from neighboring apartments. The American Red Cross was called in to assist them. Firefighters also discovered a cat that had perished in the fire.
Location, ST | website.com


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Many Aiken County students will soon be riding to school in style. South Carolina bought new school buses for the first time in ten years. If you live in Aiken County, twenty of them may soon be rolling up to a bus stop near you.
Old buses have been a problem in South Carolina for some time.
There are more buses over ten years old in South Carolina than in any other state. The average bus age is 14 years.
And the state run maintenance team has learned older buses equal more problems. They break down more and produce more pollution. Replacement parts become harder to find and more expensive as buses age.
So thanks to $36 million in funding from the state, it is out with a lot of the old and in with the new.
The sleek new design comes with visibility improvements, including a low sloping hood for the driver. It also has advanced safety features and improved comfort features for the driver and the bus riders.
"Oh yes, it is always exciting to get to be able to get rid of some and get new ones and learn more technology," says Clyde Ergle with Aiken Bus Maintenance. "We have a few buses now that have the same motor as the new ones are going to have. It's always a constant learning experience, especially in this industry."
The top of the line buses come with a hefty price tag. A standard 65 passenger bus costs roughly $54,000.
The 630 new buses were just ordered.
Look for them on the road as soon as November.


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Your education is a major investment. Set a time to see our school and take a tour.
Our degree programs in the areas of Design, Media Arts, Fashion, and Culinary help you focus your talents and explore what you're passionate about. In our collaborative environment, our instructors will guide and mentor you as we help you build the skills you need to start your creative career.
College Bound is an 11-week college experience for high school juniors and seniors to connect with others that share your interests while taking college level courses designed to help you grow, discover yourself, and create something awesome.
Students need to meet all requirements. The Art Grant is not offered at all Art Institute schools and the grant amounts vary by location; check with the school you're considering attending for exceptions and details.
Chef's Gallery Restaurant is the student-run restaurant at The International Culinary School at The Art Institute of Dallas. The restaurant serves as the dining lab for the school's culinary students, offering a unique combination of real-world experience and instructional content.
Under the supervision of chef instructors, students create dishes in the kitchen and run all aspects of the dining room. From food ordering and preparation to guest seating and serving, Chef's Gallery Restaurant is a complete instructional environment for students that offers a quality dining experience.
For reservations and additional information, call 469.587.1276.
Learn more from some of our grads who've made a name for themselves as they talk about their education, their careers, what Creativity for Life means to them, and their advice for aspiring creative professionals.Explore all of our Alumni
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Blind Man, Seeing-Eye Dog Pulled from NYC Subway Track
A 60-year-old blind man from Brooklyn and his seeing-eye dog escaped serious injury Tuesday morning after they fell on the subway tracks in Harlem and avoided being hit by an incoming train that passed over them, authorities said.
How the man, Cecil Williams, and his dog, Orlando, fell onto the A train tracks at the 125th Street Station at St. Nicholas Avenue was under investigation, but there was no criminality suspected, officials said.
The incident took place shortly after 9:30 a.m. on the northbound line, police said.
A motorman who saw that the man had fallen on the tracks slowed down the train, police said. Authorities initially believed the man had been struck but determined he had not been hit by the train.
Police officers and firefighters were able to pull Mr. Williams and the 11-year-old black labrador to safety.
Mr. Williams was transported to St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, where he was listed in stable condition.
Orlando was checked out by transit police and was taken to the hospital to be with Mr. Williams, police said.


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About the Book
In her bestselling novel Prodigal Summer, Barbara Kingsolver weaves together three stories of human love within a larger tapestry of lives inhabiting the forested mountains and struggling small farms of southern Appalachia.
Award-winning author of Flight Behavior, The Lacuna, and The Poisonwood Bible, Kingsolver here introduces a wildlife biologist whose reclusive life in a mountain cabin is disrupted by a young hunter; a city girl-turned-farmer's wife who must decide whether or not to fight for the land she now inhabits; and a pair of feuding, elderly neighbors who forge a bond neither of them could have predicted.
As the humid summer progresses, the characters grow closer to each other and the nature that surrounds them in this beautifully-written work that helped solidify Barbara Kingsolver's place in the literary firmament.
This Harper Perennial Deluxe Modern Classic edition features beautiful cover artwork on uncoated stock, French flaps, and deckle-edge pages.
Barbara Kingsolver's fifth novel is a hymn to wildness that celebrates the prodigal spirit of human nature, and of nature itself. It weaves together three stories of human love within a larger tapestry of lives amid the mountains and farms of southern Appalachia. Over the course of one humid summer, this novel's intriguing protagonists face disparate predicaments but find connections to one another and to the flora and fauna with which they necessarily share a place.
Educator and Librarian Resources
Product Details
- Imprint: Harper Perennial
- On Sale: 04/23/2013
- Trimsize: 5.5 in (w) x 8.25 in (h) x 1.2 in (d)
- Pages: 480
- List Price: 18.99 USD
- BISAC1: FICTION / General


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Idaho Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 37(a). Sanctions for Violation of Orders - Motion for Order Compelling Discovery.
A party, upon reasonable notice to other parties and all persons affected thereby, may apply for an order compelling discovery as follows:
(1) Appropriate court. An application for an order to a party may be made to the court in which the action is pending, or, on matters relating to a deposition, taken in connection with litigation pending outside the state, to the district court in the judicial district where the deposition is being taken. An application for an order to a deponent who is not a party shall be made to the court in the district where the deposition is being taken.
(2) Motion. If a deponent fails to answer a question propounded or submitted under Rules 30 or 31, or a corporation or other entity fails to make a designation under Rule 30(b)(6) or 31(a), or a party fails to answer an interrogatory submitted under Rule 33, or if a party, in response to a request for inspection submitted under Rule 34, fails to respond that inspection will be permitted as requested or fails to permit inspection as requested, the discovering party may move for an order compelling an answer, or a designation, or an order compelling inspection in accordance with the request. The motion must include a certification that the movant has in good faith conferred or attempted to confer with the party not making the disclosure in an effort to secure the disclosure without court action. When taking a deposition on oral examination, the proponent of the question may complete or adjourn the examination before he applies for an order.
If the court denies the motion in whole or in part, it may make such protective order as it would have been empowered to make on a motion made pursuant to Rule 26(c).
(Amended March 17, 2006, effective July 1, 2006.)
(3) Evasive or incomplete answer. For purposes of this subdivision an evasive or incomplete answer is to be treated as a failure to answer.
(4) Award of expenses of motion. If the motion is granted, the court shall, after opportunity for hearing, require the party or deponent whose conduct necessitated the motion or the party or attorney advising such conduct or both of them to pay to the moving party the reasonable expenses incurred in obtaining the order, including attorney's fees, unless the court finds that the opposition to the motion was substantially justified or that other circumstances make an award of expenses unjust.
If the motion is denied, the court shall, after opportunity for hearing, require the moving party or the attorney advising the motion or both of them to pay to the party or deponent who opposed the motion the reasonable expenses incurred in opposing the motion, including attorney's fees, unless the court finds that the making of the motion was substantially justified or that other circumstances make an award of expenses unjust.
If the motion is granted in part and denied in part, the court may apportion the reasonable expenses incurred in relation to the motion among the parties and persons in a just manner.
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Promoting Openness In The Courts
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SAN FRANCISCO -- The Constitution's equal-protection clause should not apply to women's rights or to other safeguards against discrimination, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia told law students here Friday.
Speaking at UC Hastings School of Law, Scalia discussed legal theories that could come into play if the court battle over same-sex marriage reaches the high court. The equal-protection clause, part of the 14th Amendment, was a response to slavery and should not be updated for modern issues, the associate justice said.
Although he did not discuss same-sex marriage, Scalia said he is an "originalist" and does not believe the Constitution should be interpreted based on current societal opinions.
"You do not need the Constitution to reflect the views of current society," he said during a wide-ranging interview with Hastings professor Calvin Massey. "I interpret it the way it was understood by society at the time."
The discussion, in front of about 320 people, mostly law students, focused mainly on the Constitution. But Scalia also mused on baseball -- he's a Yankees fan married to a Red Sox devotee -- and on pizza; New York's is the best, hands down, he said.
His answers provided a glimpse into the opinions that have made him a target for liberal groups. Early U.S. leaders intended religion to play a major part in the government, Scalia said.
"Don't tell me that the framers of the American Constitution never had that in mind," he said, adding that the United States is superior to some other countries because it "does God honor."
"It's not unconstitutional," he said.
He also weighed in on Florida Pastor Terry Jones, who called off plans to burn the Quran on Sept. 11. Scalia called Jones "an idiot," but said the First Amendment allows such acts.
"A lot of stupid stuff is perfectly constitutional," he said.
Despite his views on the equal-protection clause, Scalia noted that laws should not erode institutions such as family and religion. He also argued against race-based affirmative action, saying preferential treatment hurts society.
"I have no problem with helping the disadvantaged," said Scalia, 74, whose appearance coincided with the 24th anniversary of his 98-0 Senate confirmation to the Supreme Court. But affirmative action "shouldn't help the children of black professionals in Chicago."
The justice also bemoaned the state of legal education, saying law schools have become more interested in debating legal theory than producing lawyers. Too few law schools hire experienced attorneys to teach, he said.
Professors "are just philosophers talking to each other," said Scalia, who taught at the universities of Chicago and Virginia. "Somehow you're damaged goods if you've been practicing law."
Students were not allowed to ask questions, but they treated the jurist politely and applauded him several times. Even those who disagree with Scalia respect his work, said Spencer Burrows, a second-year Hastings student.
"He defended his positions the way he writes his cases," Burrows said. "I think all law students can appreciate the way he analyzes cases, even if they don't agree with his conclusions."


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In Let Me Be The One, the brand-new book in Bella Andre's New York Times and USA Today best-selling series about the Sullivan family, an unexpected friends-to-lovers romance might not only turn out to be so much hotter than anything bad-boy pro-baseball-player Ryan Sullivan has ever known...but much, much sweeter, too.
When Vicki Bennett saved Ryan Sullivan's life as a teenager, it was the beginning of a close friendship that never wavered despite her failed marriage to someone else and Ryan's well-earned reputation as a ladies man. So when she suddenly needs a pretend boyfriend to protect herself and her career from a powerful man's advances, he is the only person she can imagine asking.
Ryan will do anything to protect Vicki from harm, but when their "fake" kisses and caresses lead to an incredibly sensual night that neither of them can resist, will he have made the biggest mistake of all by irreparably jeopardizing their friendship? Or is it possible that what they've both been looking for has been right there the whole time…and the perfect combination of wicked and sweet, friendship and love, is finally within reach?
©2012 Oak Press, LLC (P)2012 Oak Press, LLC
Tina Reiter
"This baseball player has all the right moves!"
<b>4.5 Stars</b>
Let Me Be the One is the 6th book in the fabulous Sullivans series by Bella Andre. Woo-wee this book was much hotter than the previous books and I loved them all.
Ryan Sullivan has a well earned reputation as a ladies man. As the sexy, young pitcher of San Francisco's professional baseball team he doesn't have to fight real hard to get the ladies. There is one particular girl, from his past, that he's never been able to get, however. She was and has been his best friend since high school. It just seemed like it was never the right time to take the leap and risk their friendship. Now, she's back in his life and needs his help. This is his chance to take care of his best friend and convince her they would be better as so much more.
Vicki Bennett is trying so hard to get a coveted art internship. Being propositioned by one of the judges can do nothing, but hurt her and now she is in the position to turn him down and really hurt her chances or take him up on it, which is really not an option at all. So, she goes for option 3. In a panic, she texts her high school best friend, whom she hasn't seen in a couple of years, and begs him to unexpectedly show up and play the part of her boyfriend. It seemed like a good idea at the time, but now the reality of this fake relationship is setting in. She is finding it very hard to separate her real attraction to Ryan. She's always longed for a real relationship with Ryan, but has always been afraid to ruin a friendship that she cherished.
I listen to this book in audio format and it does not disappoint. Eva Kaminsky does a great job with the different characters and personalities this series has to offer.
For anyone that hasn't read this series read it now! I absolutely love this family and this series. Each book has its own sweet story, hot guy and great characters to offer, but this is one of my favorites. The heat between Vicki and Ryan was palpable. I swear there was smoke coming from my speakers.
"Bella Andre Breaths Life Into This Series"
Bella Andre brings Ryan to life in this series. We have heard of him but it wasn't till this story we got to know him. Now he's like the boy next door.
"Cant fault the sullivans for a good light read!"
Another good installment in the Sullivan series. Good light read. The Sullivan boys are the perfect boyfriends and as always the story leaves you waiting on the next one by introducing the next Sullivan's situation:-)
Tell us about yourself!
"Absolutely love bella andre and the Sullivan's"
Yes characters are brought to life
Ryan is my favorite yet Gabe is my favorite Sullivan so far.
Absolutely and I will listen to it again and again along with the others in the series
Hot romance/Sci Fi we're so lucky to have Audible to feed our book addictions. I love walking my precious dog Sydney & listening to my books
"Ryan Sullivan is a Big Hitter for sure !"
Ryan Sullivan has always had a crush on Vicki Bennett from the day she "saved" him. Being teenagers though, it's harder to get over asking someone out rather than being their best friend. Every time Ryan makes an attempt to show Vicki how he feels, he finds her in a situation that precludes him from going through. Throwing himself into baseball seems to be the only course. But now Vicki needs him, and Ryan will do everything he can to help her.
Vicki grew up with a crush on Ryan, but never thought he would return her feelings. Not one to sit back and allow things to happen to her, she moves on with her life, marries, moves abroad and subsequently divorces. Now back in San Francisco, she is trying to make her mark on the art world and get out of her ex-husband's shadow, who is also an artist. When she goes after a fellowship, she inadvertently gets into a bad position where she needs Ryan's help.
To get Vicki out of a sticky situation, Ryan agrees to play her boyfriend, when he wants so much more that just playacting. Both are hiding behind being scared of ruining their friendship if they ever really tried to enter into a deeper emotional relationship. Sacrifices on both sides must be made before a long term relationship can move forward.
Ryan is a baseball player, so we get to see just how easy baseball comes to him. He loves it and its not as much of a job as something he loves doing each day. But along with that career comes the publicity that Vicki doesn't want to be part of. Throw in one of the fellowship board members threatening her, he ex-husband causing problems and a need to finally find recognition for herself, Vicki has a lot to consider before falling for the one man who has been her best friend. This is a wickedly sexy book, with both hero and heroine doing a lot of soul baring and searching. I love stories of hidden love that go on for a long time, only to finally hit the wall. These two to everyone were an obvious match made in heaven. It just took being thrown together for them to realize it themselves. :)
Girl that loves to listen to books while working. It makes me happy! Hopeless Romanic.
Yes, I would drive around in my car listening because I was so addicting.
I enjoyed all the sullivan series by Bella Andre.
Just follow the sullivan series, you will wish that you a have a siblings like them
This narrator have really good performance
Funny, sexy, and awe inspiring.
Don't miss out this book
I really love the Sullivan series. I especially liked this one because like most of the series. tge couples get together and there's always something fight that breaks them up and you have to wait for them to get back together which is pretty annoying. this book there's no fight after they get together so irs refreshing. these books are fun and an easy read. enjoy.
Great story, with great character. when you close the book you want to meet the next Sullivan and hear about him and revisit the Sullivan family.
I enjoy historical, paranormal, and contemporary romance. Also steampunk, sci-fi, fantasy, suspense, and fiction. I'm open to about anything
"Nice love story, nice plot"
Setting:,San Francisco , CA, present day
Genre: Romance
Narration: Eva Kaminsky does a good job through this series, but her range isn't that great, so when there is more than one male in the scene, it is a little difficult.
This story had a meatier plot than the others. It is, of course, a love story, but there's more to it than that. This one, as with Sophie and Jake's story, dips into the past. This is due to a previous relationship in which Ryan and Vicki were close friends for a year in high school. They love one another, not only because of that year in school, but because the friendship grew through email and phone calls. Of course, they don't confess their love, so this is part of the conflict in the plot.
Now, around 10 or 15 years later, Ryan is a well-known professional baseball player in SF, and Vicki is a not so well known sculptor. She married a Svengali kind of fellow sculptor right after college and they lived a somewhat nomadic life. Apparently, her husband was condescending regarding her talent, as well as her refusal to join in sexual games with others in the arts community. She finally saw the light and divorced the control freak. Now she has returned to SF to apply for a fellowship. She calls on Ryan to help her out when one of the judges sexually harasses her. That guy is just icky. Now, Ryan moves her into his guest room because she was living in the Mission District, apparently a dangerous place. So, we have the conflict in the love story, and the fellowship contest with the creepy judge. See? A whole lot more than a personality-driven plot.
I do have a little bit of twinge issue with timing. First, the Army doesn't move families every year. That would be a waste of the tax payer's money. The only time a Soldier is at a duty station for less than 2 years is when he/she is posted to a hardship area, like Korea. In that case, the family stays behind. One year seems a little short for the development of lasting love. This story would still have worked with the family staying the minimum of 2 years. The other issue is with that gap between her leaving Palo Alto and returning to the area. Was it 15 years? Or was it that she was married for 10 years? I could not figure it out.
Anyway, you won't want to miss this one in the series.
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CORPUS CHRISTI – The second game played out just like the first for the Texas A&M – Corpus Christi (0-2-0) soccer team: a hard fought match in which the Islanders lost in heartbreaking fashion. This time it was via a golden goal by Dallas Baptist (1-0-0) in double overtime to secure a 4-3 win Friday evening as part of the Islanders Classic at the Dr. Jack Dugan Family Soccer and Track Stadium.
"Today's game didn't end the way we wanted, we played well enough to win the game, but had some tough breaks," Head Coach Shanna Caldwell said. "Dallas Baptist is a very disciplined team and they capitalized on their opportunities. We got some great minutes from a lot of players tonight and that experience will help us down the line."
It was a quick start for A&M – Corpus Christi, as Yvette Franco scored her first career goal, sending one to the back of the net after a pass from Kallyn Redona in the first minute of the game. However, the Patriots responded quickly, as Audrey Baldwin had to come up to cover a streaking Lea Sedwick, but Baldwin couldn't stop the breakaway, tying the game at one a piece.
After continuous pressure from the Islanders' attackers, it was Franco capitalizing once again, as she got around several defenders and found the back of the twine for her second goal of the night in the 25th minute. The score would remain at 2-1 after the first 45 minutes of play, giving A&M – Corpus Christi its first halftime lead this season.
The momentum kept rolling for the Islanders when Meghan Cordero unleashed a bomb from 30-yards out, as she drilled one just over the top of an outstretched Kerry Edwards in the 55th minute giving A&M – Corpus Christi a two-goal lead.
However, the Patriots would not go away, as after the dust settled with two players colliding in the box, DBU was awarded a penalty kick. Lindsey Eccles would take the shot, giving it just enough push to the left side to just glance off the fingertips of Baldwin, shrinking the lead to one.
Then, just six minutes later, another skirmish play in the box resulted in another penalty shot given to the Patriots. Eccles stepped in to take her second penalty of the game. This time, Baldwin read the shot correctly, the only difference this time was Baldwin was able to get a piece of it and the Islanders were able to clear it out of the box before the Patriots could tie it up.
Ultimately DBU would be able to find an equalizer, as in the 74th minute Jolee Patterson was able to chip one over the head of Baldwin leaving the score at three a piece.
It looked like Alyssa Miller would have her second goal of the season in the 77th minute, but she hit it just off the side of her foot resulting in it bouncing off the far side post. Both teams would each record one more shot, but to no avail, as the Islanders would head to their first overtime in program history.
One would not be enough though, as neither team could beat the keeper in the first 10 minutes, and either a winner or a tie would be found in the second OT. Unfortunately, Eccles would slip past the Islanders back line to score the golden goal for the Patriots, resulting in a heartbreaking loss for A&M – Corpus Christi after coming so close to its first program win.
"I told the girls to keep their heads held high and to come back Sunday ready to play," Caldwell added.
The Islanders will be back in action on Sunday for its second game of the Islanders Classic, as they will take on Campbell at 11:00 a.m. at Dugan Stadium.
For all the latest on Islanders Soccer, be sure to follow the team on Instagram and Twitter (@IslandersSoccer) and like the team on Facebook (Islanders Soccer).


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ASA Newsroom > Which Industries Employ Statisticians?
Computer Science
Arnold Goodman and Padhraic Smyth, UCI
Computer science uses statistics in many ways to guarantee products available on the market are accurate, reliable, and helpful. The following terms and definitions are a brief listing of areas in computer science that use statistics to varying degrees at various times.
Data Mining is the analysis of information in a database, using tools that look for trends or irregularities in large data sets.
Data Compression is the coding of data using compact formulas, called algorithms, and utilities to save storage space or transmission time.
Speech Recognition is the identification of spoken words by a machine. The spoken words are turned into a sequence of numbers and matched against coded dictionaries.
Vision and Image Analyses use statistics to solve contemporary and practical problems in computer vision, image processing, and artificial intelligence.
Human/Computer Interaction uses statistics to design, implement, and evaluate new technologies that are useable, useful, and appealing to a broad cross-section of people.
Network/Traffic Modeling uses statistics to avoid network congestion while fully exploiting the available bandwidth.
Stochastic Optimization uses chance and probability models to develop the most efficient code for finding the solution to a problem.
Stochastic Algorithms follow a detailed sequence of actions to perform or accomplish a task in the face of uncertainty.
Artificial Intelligence is concerned with modeling aspects of human thought on computers.
Machine Learning is the ability of a machine or system to improve its performance based on previous results.
Capacity Planning determines what equipment and software will be sufficient while providing the most power for the least cost.
Storage and Retrieval techniques rely on statistics to ensure computerized data is kept and recovered efficiently and reliably.
Quality Management uses statistics to analyze the condition of manufactured parts (hardware, software, etc.) using tools and sampling to ensure a minimum level of defects.
Software Engineering is a systematic approach to the analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance of computer programs.
Performance Evaluation is the process of examining a system or system component to determine the extent to which specified properties are present.
Hardware Manufacturing is the creation of the physical material parts of a system, such as the monitor or disk drive.
Statistics is essential to the field of computer science in ensuring effectiveness, efficiency, reliability, and high-quality products for the public.
*Definitions from the Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing


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My bicycle is our second car. I love to bicycle in all weather, for all distances, and on all routes. Bicycling has brought so much joy to my life, and I want to share it with anyone who is interested. I will use my soapbox to tell you about the joys, the freedom, the benefits, and, yes, the challenges of bicycling and walking for transportation.
You may remember last year when the federal transportation bill was up for renewal (again) and this time, Congress finally passed a new one. It seemed like every other day brought a new attack on bike/ped funding. I sent letter after letter urging senators and representatives to oppose this amendment or support that one. For a while there it looked like bike/ped funding might be eliminated entirely—saving almost nothing, since bike/ped was less than 2% of the entire transportation budget. Despite our efforts, MAP-21 was a disappointment with bike/ped funding slashed about 50%. But without fighting we could easily have seen it gone entirely.
This year, we've got a similar fight ahead of us in the state legislature. MoDOT is broke. As cars get more efficient the fuel tax brings in less revenue. MoDOT shut down several offices and eliminated hundreds of jobs, but even with these cutbacks it does not have the resources to maintain Missouri highways.
MoDOT proposes a 1% sales tax to pay for our highways. A new tax is never popular and it's going to be a hard sell. MoDOT needs supporters. This is an opportunity to make our voice heard, to tell MoDOT that we will support a 1% sales tax if we have some assurance that the transportation needs of all highway users will be met. Thus, the Transportation for Missouri coalition. From their website:
Transportation for Missouri is a coalition of Missouri organizations, agencies, municipalities, businesses, and elected officials who support a modern, multimodal, complete transportation system that will meet the needs of strong, healthy, vibrant, livable communities for all Missouri citizens.
T4MO supports:
a complete, accessible, and multimodal transportation system that meets the needs of all Missourians. transparency and accountability in transportation spending. local public input in setting transportation priorities.
Does your organization, agency, municipality, or business support the Transportation for Missouri platform? Are you an elected official who supports our platform? Become a Transportation for Missouri Coalition Partner and help us work for a healthier, more livable transportation system for all Missourians.