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Jari Arkko works as a network engineer in Finland. His favorite hobby is the family's super-connected house, which gives him access to both practical and fun services.
"The house lets us know when a door is opened, if there is a leak and if the temperature is dropping," Jari says. "When you know more about what is going on in the house, you can save money by taking action immediately. If I find out that the temperature is dropping, I can adjust the energy consumption."
Jari's connected home also gives him easy access to fun and entertaining services. "My favorite application in the house is probably the one for the sauna," he says. "It enables me to listen to internet radio and watch movies while I'm in the sauna."
Jari is way ahead of most people in connecting the devices in his house and he has put lots of time and effort into getting his home the way he wants it. Many of these services are available to the mass market through Ericsson's Connected Home Gateway.
The gateway gives consumers the freedom to access and interact with all multimedia devices and services available in the home, wherever they are.
Thomas Näsström, responsible for Connected Home at Ericsson, says that by using one central storage unit for digital media at home, you can show photos and films, and play music, on different terminals. "For example, you can display vacation pictures on the family's flat-screen TV in the living room," he says. "But the best illustration of how the digital home works is that you can access your pictures, films and music outside the home."
"The home no longer needs to be a set, physical place. Consumers will be able to 'be at home' even when they're abroad, when they're sitting in their cars or in their summer houses."
Ericsson has a rich portfolio with products for broadband access and solutions for IPTV, telephony and multimedia, as well as a growing range of services for the connected home, such as storage, monitoring, measuring energy usage and health checks.
February 22, 2010
Connecting the digital home
Ericsson launches Connected Home Gateway software enabling multimedia services to the home


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The longest-serving director the Summit Stage has ever had gave his notice of resignation Tuesday, transit officials confirmed.
John Jones, who has headed the free local transit system for more than eight years, is leaving Summit County next month to take a similar position in Charlottesville, Va.
"I just got the feeling toward the end of the year that maybe I had stayed a little too long," said Jones, who previously turned down an offer for another job. "We transit managers tend to move around. That's what we're all about."
Jones' resignation comes as the Summit Stage faces a slew of possible changes. The transit system finished 2012 $300,000 over budget with severely depleted reserves.
Officials are now vetting both a new source of revenue - exterior advertising on Stage buses - and a reduction in bus service to help rebuild the system's savings account balance.
"In some ways it's not good timing for us," Stage board president Kent Willis said of Jones' departure. "We've got all these big issues and John's been at the forefront of all of them."
Officials are also looking at how to decrease the ride time between Frisco and Breckenridge and implement a series of route improvements recommended following a comprehensive study of the Stage system last year.
County officials have not yet determined how Jones' replacement will be selected.
"Any time a director leaves we take that opportunity to look at what's the best way to organize," assistant county manager Thad Noll said. "We'll go through that process over the next few days."
Jones' tenure was marked by highs and lows for the Summit Stage system, with some of the toughest times in recent years. Still, Noll credits Jones with helping to improve and advance the service.
"He's taken us really to another level in our whole system while he's been here," he said. "His maintenance skills really helped our whole maintenance program."
Jones will be taking over as the transit manager for the Charlottesville Area Transit system, located in the Blue Ridge Mountains.
"It's a little bittersweet," he said. "We like it here and we've made a lot of friends here. The thing is, back there we're closer to family."

subset: commoncrawl


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Betty Ann Nichols, 81, Carthage, Mo., passed away Friday, March 8, 2013 at the Sunshine Children's Home, Carthage, Mo.
Betty was born June 15, 1931 at Richland, Mo., to Homer and Daisy Nichols. She lived in Bolivar, Mo., for several years, and had been at the Sunshine Home for the past 25 years.
Betty was a member of Crossroads Baptist Church.
She was preceded in death by her parents; and by a stepmother, Pauline Nichols.
She is survived by a niece, Francis Kelley and her husband, Dwain of Carthage, Mo.; other relatives and friends who will miss her very much.
Memorial services for Betty Ann Nichols will be 10 a.m. Friday, March 15, 2013 at Crossroads Baptist Church, with Rev. Robert Morgan officiating. Betty was cremated under direction of Knell Mortuary, Carthage, Mo., and internment will be in the Roberson Cemetery, Willard, Mo.
Online condolences may be expressed at www.knellmortuary.com.
Location, ST | website.com


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|Length Overall
|24' 0''
|Dry Weight
2,400 lbs.
2 tubes
8' 6''
|Tested Weight
|Weight Capacity
|Draft Up
|Person Capacity
|Draft Down
|Fuel Capacity
30 gal.
|Air Draft
|Water Capacity
|Length on Trailer
|Max Headroom
|Height on Trailer
|Bridge Clearance
|Trailer Weight
|Total Package Weight (Trailer,Boat & Engine)
|Prices, features, designs, and equipment are subject to change. Please see your local dealer or visit the builder's website for the latest information available on this boat model.
|Std. Power
|Not Available
|Tested Power
|Currently no test numbers
|Opt. Power
Not Available
Premier has been hard at work creating pontoons that perform like no other. And the boats don't lack for luxury either. Here's how to be the envy of your neighbors on the lake.
Premier has been building quality pontoons since 1992 and its dedication to keep pushing itself is evident in the quality of the toons it builds. It also has a handful of patents the company has garnered for some clever features that are sure to have other manufacturers scratching their heads and thinking "why didn't we think of that?" Perhaps the reason why is that they do not listen as well to their customers, which is where Premier tells us they get most of their ideas. Let's take a look onboard and see if the 235 RE should be added to your short list, and while we're at it, we'll see if Premier lives up to its name.
The Premier Intrigue 235 RE has a roomy floor plan that allows for casual cruising and comfortable lunches at anchor and cruising cocktails. Notice the extended aft platforms and optional teak decking.
First the Innovations...
As we said, Premier has brought some clever ideas to the table, and to protect those ideas, they've patented them. Here's a sample of what we're talking about--
First there's the J-Clip fastening system for holding the canvas in place. We've all struggled with snaps, pulling the canvas tight to make the snap reach, and then when we try to unsnap the canvas, that snap pulls out altogether and the two pieces of the snap are attached together for life.
With the J-Clip, it's a no fuss attachment with a wide fastening point, and it's easily unhooked for removal.
Then, there are the rail spacers. Often you'll see builders securing the side panels right to the deck. This has the advantage of making the rail solid and secure, but rain water will puddle up until it can finally run out an entry door. Premier came up with the idea of building the side panels up off the deck so water runs right out. This makes for easy cleaning and a fast drying boat. It's like having freeing ports all around the boat!
The Standards
We also love the list of standards that set the Premier Intrigue 235 RE apart from the pack.
Rope lighting under the furniture toe kicks not only gives you better visibility on the deck, but a very attractive ambiance as well. Speakers are everywhere. How about a moonlight cruise?
The "Command View" helm is on a raised platform that allows the captain to see ahead even if there are guests seated in front. Notice the recessed drink holder to starboard of the helm. We prefer that the throttle be mounted horizontally of ease of use and more precise calibration. The gauges are all LED backlit to aid visibility while reducing power draw. And check out the reclining captain's chair – portly skippers will appreciate this detail.
Just ahead of the helm is a convenient sink. This is a great feature for washing down fruits and veggies, in addition to simply cleaning up before a meal. The faucet is electrically driven, so no hand or foot pumping to get the water flowing. Notice the drink holder is on a circular base. Lift it up and underneath, a paper towel holder is attached.
This aft double sunpad is great for the tanning goddesses on your trip. See that handle? Lift it up and a host of options can go inside; from a standard changing room to an optional enclosed porcelain head with vanity mirror.
The captain isn't the only one that gets a comfortable seat. Forward are two more reclining seats. Notice the optional vinyl-teak decking and even in-deck storage in the center toon. Here again, you can see how the rail panels are off the deck for easy draining.
Here the bow fenders are standard, but the bumpers on the pontoons are optional, as are the pop up cleats, dock lights, stainless grab handles and teak decking. We'd say the bumpers are an optional "must."
Another noteworthy item is the optional PTX Performance package. Premier developed an optional center pontoon hull that is unique in that it's actually a V-Hull, with a flat bottom planing surface aft and lifting strakes forward. In addition, lifting strakes are added to the inside of the outboard pontoons. In addition to lifting, the strakes also keep the spray down.
We've seen other builders add lifting strakes to the outside of the pontoons, and it has a desired effect of bringing the hull up higher out of the water faster. But during a turn, those strakes can dig in and cause adverse turning characteristics. With the strakes in the insides of the outer pontoons, Premier says that they allow the Intrigue to handle more like a sportboat, and bank into the turns. They also tell us that the flat bottomed center toon gives quicker planing and better performance in chop. It acts like a "pad" on conventional mono hulls.
We haven't tested the Premier Intrigue yet so we can't verify those claims, but the physics of the engineering certainly have merit.
Power Options
The Premier Intrigue 235 RE is powered by Suzuki outboards. Horsepower options will depend on the number, and type of pontoon hulls you choose. With twin toons, you'll power with 150-hp. With triple tubes, you can opt up to 250-hp. If you opt for the PTX center pontoon, you can power with a 275-hp.
With so many choices in the pontoon boat market, having an option that combines luxury with performance and handling can certainly narrow down the field of choices. We think the Premier Intrigue is a model that deserves a test ride. That will not only show her handling characteristics, but how well she handles her guests while underway.
|Marine Electronics
|Head: Fixed
|Exterior Features
|Carpet: Cockpit
|Swim Platform
|Wet bar
|Bimini Top
|Full Canvas
= Standard = Optional
|Warranties change from time to time. While BoatTEST.com has tried to ensure the most up-to-date warranty offered by each builder, it does not guarantee the accuracies of the information presented below. Please check with the boat builder or your local dealer before you buy any boat.
Full Warranty Information on this brand coming soon!


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Western Tien-Shan
National Commission of the Kyrgyz Republic for UNESCO
ExportWord File
The Secretariat of the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the World Heritage Centre do not represent or endorse the accuracy or reliability of any advice, opinion, statement or other information or documentation provided by the States Parties to the World Heritage Convention to the Secretariat of UNESCO or to the World Heritage Centre.
The publication of any such advice, opinion, statement or other information documentation on the World Heritage Centre's website and/or on working documents also does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of UNESCO or of the World Heritage Centre concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its boundaries.
Property names are listed in the language in which they have been submitted by the State Party
The Kyrgyz part of the "Western Tien Shan" serial transnational nomination includes three sections:
1. Sary-Chelek State Biosphere Reserve - Aksyiskiy rayon of Jalalabat region (23 868 hectares);
2.Besh-Aral State Reserve - Chatkal rayon of Jalalabat region (106 870 hectares);
3. Padysha-Ata State Reserve -Aksyiskiy rayon of Jalalabat region (15 846 hectares).
Area (hectares)
Geographical coordinates
Sary-Chelek State Biosphere Reserve
23 868
Besh-Aral State Reserve
106 870
Padysha-Ata State Reserve
15 846
Tien-Shan is the northernmost part of great mountain range systems of the Inner Asia It is connected with Altai and other mountains of the Southern Siberia and Mongolia through Dzungar range and Tarbagatai. Through Pamir, Kunlun, and Karakorum it is connected with Tibet and Himalayas. Through Pamir and Hindu Kush - with Kopetdagh, and Iranian uplands. All these links enrich flora and fauna of Tien Shan. At the same time, this makes it typical for the Central Asian Mountains and completely unique on its composition. This uniqueness has a global impact as it concentrates a significant number of endemic types among plants and animals (especially - invertebrates). Their loss will have a significant impact that is irrecoverable for the planet.
Western Tien-Shan is deeply embedded in to a space between Kyzyl-Kum and Moyun-Kum deserts and borders with the Northern and Inner Tien-Shan. From the north, north-west, and east it flanks the Fergana Valley. Western Tien Shan is located between 67 - 76º eastern longitudes and 40 - 45º northern latitudes, on latitudes of New York, Toronto, Belgrade, Rome, Madrid, Beijing, and Vladivostok. It differs from other parts of Tien-Shan with relatively weak glaciations and poor development of floated areas, lesser altitudes, and relatively soft climate (average atmospheric temperature in January -5 - -10º С and 10-15º С in July) with a fair quantity of precipitations (800 and more millimeters in mid-mountainous areas). The content of rivers of the Western Tien-Shan is about 8 cubic km out of the total outflow of rivers of Tien-Shan (about 40 cubic km).
The nature reserves Sary-Chelek, Besh-Aral, and Padysha-Ata (Kyrgyz Republic), reserves Aksu-Jabagly, Karatauskiy, and Sayram-Uganskiy National Nature Park (Republic of Kazakhstan), and Chatkal reserve (Republic of Uzbekistan), which are nominated by three countries, constitute the most representative and extant territories of an integrated unique nature complex - Western Tien-Shan. Each of these protected territories has its peculiarity, and at the same time, they complement each other in terms of biodiversity, outstanding landscapes, and monuments of paleontology. The Western Tien-Shan refers to one of the key eco-regions of the world, in the first place, due to the presence of great biodiversity of forest eco-systems at the very center of the desert zone of the largest continent of the planet.
Sary-Chelek State Biosphere Reserve is located at the central part of the Chatkal range, in mid-mountain and high-mountain zones, in the range of 1200-4000 m above the sea level. It is widely known due to its esthetic attractiveness: scenic ravines with mountain rivers and hills coated with fruit-nut, spruce, juniper, and fir forests. The lake plateau located at the height of 1800-1900 m above the sea level draws special attention. It originated about 10 thousand years ago after powerful earthquake, which led to the rockslides. The river valleys had blocked gorges that reach more than two hundred meters at height. Seven scenic lakes emerged. The largest from them is Sary-Chelek located at 1873 m above the sea level. Its length is 7 km, width is 650 m, and depth reaches up to 234 m. bold shores that are sliding away into water are coated with spruce and fir forest. It is one of the beautiful mountain lakes of the world. Other 6 lakes (Kylaa-Koul, Iyri Koul, Bakaly-Koul, Aram-Koul, Cheichek-Koul, and Chacha-koul) are much smaller and have shallow depth, and are located at the forest zone. Prior to creation of the reserve together with Sary-Chelek they were included in the touristic routes that had an international status.
The territory of reserve has preserved traces of a long geological history starting from the Paleozoic. There formations of the middle and upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic are found. They are represented by granites, limestones, sandstones, conglomerates, gypsums, and friable fragmentals, boulders, gravels, lams, and clay loams. The upper part of the reserve including location of the Sary-Chelek Lake is composed of Paleozoic red colored sandstones with limestones. The territory that is adjacent to the lake from southwest is composed of Ordovician sandstones and conglomerates, products of crushing of Precambrian and Cambro-Ordovician. The midsection of territory of the reserve is composed of Jurassic conglomerates and quartz sandstones mixed with red colored clastic deposits, carbonate alluviums and gypsum.
A high seismic activity that reaches intensity 8-9 on the Richter scale and presence of tectonic fractures indicates that the process of orogenesis is continuing. One of the powerful earthquakes in the nearest geologic past in the lithic age - to the process of generation of lake plateau.
Along the eastern border of the reserve the rupture Karasuu passes, and on the south-east of the Sary-Chelek Lake the Atoinok rupture flanks, which is linked towards direction with dike of the lake. Further to the north the main trans-orogenic Talas- Fergana rupture is situated.
Sary-Chelek is a tertiary refugium, in which deciduous forests that were widespread in Central Asia in the past have preserved. They had vanished almost everywhere in boulder-period and during subsequent drying out climate. The Western Tien-Shan is one of the centers of speciation of plants and invertebrates. Sary-Chelek reserve possesses with well-preserved area of relict fruit-nut forests with inherent to them flora and fauna. With the level of integrity of natural biological communities this area may serve as an etalon. In other part of areal they had been exposed to the negative anthropologic impact that prevents normal reproduction of biodiversity.
The territory of reserve differs with an extremely high concentration of biodiversity. Thus, flora of the highest plants is represented by 676 types out of 3786 known in Kyrgyzstan, which composes more than 17% or more than 75% of flora of the Western Tien-Shan. As the area of the reserve is about 240 square km, the concentration of plants reaches 2, 8 types per square km that outnumbers three times an average concentration in Kyrgyzstan.
Similar picture is for mammals as well. Concentration of species reaches almost 0,15 types/square km or more than 300 times higher than that of average in Kyrgyzstan.
Concentration of bird species reaches 0,65% that is more than 300 times higher as well than that of average in Kyrgyzstan.
At present, there are the following numbers of types of flora present in the given territory: Mushrooms - 43; Algae - 29; Lichens - 71; Higher plants - 676; Invertebrates - 1500; Pisces - 3; Amphibians - 2; Reptiles - 7; Birds - 157; Mammals - 35.
Many endemic endangered species of flora are present in Sary-Chelek reserve such as Abies Semenovii (Semenov's fir), Tulipa Greigii (Greig's tulip), Tulipa kaufmaniana (Kaufman's tulip), Hedisarum chaitocarpum (Honeycuckle chaitocarpum), Malus Niedzveckiana (Niedzvecky's apple), Rynus Korshinskyi (Korshinsky's pear), Sorbus persica (Persia's mountain ash), Sorbus turkestanica (Turkestan's mountain ash), Vitus uzunachmatica (Uzunachmat's grape-vine), and many other.
In Sary-Chelek reserve, where an inventory of higher plants and vertebrate animals is practically completed there 240 species of endemic plants of Central Asia and Kyrgyzstan are noted. It contains more than 30% of flora of the reserve.
Besh-Aral reserve is located at the joint of the high mountain systems of Central Asia and of vast Turanskiy plain occupied by Kyzylkum and Moyunkum deserts. Mountain, forest, and desert flora and fauna, representatives of the northern boreal bio-geographic complexes and southern tropical and subtropical are noted on the territory of reserve.
Powerful tectonic and erosive processes created an expressive diversity of the relief: deep canyons and plateau -shaped surfaces, inaccessible cliffs and sloping gorges, full-flowing rivers, waterfalls, and moraine lakes under snowy peaks.
Earthquakes indicate about continuous seismic activity that reaches intensity 8-9 on the Richter scale.
Two large ruptures pass through the reserve: Chatkalskiy and Pskemskiy. Prosesses of orogenesis and dynamics of type composition of biologic communities are continuing to this day.
The modern biologic communities on the territory of reserve have emerged from relicts of tertiary period, boreal bio-geographic complexes, when the northern forests merge with Central Asian mountain and desert complexes. In the process of orogenesis plain type communities have been transforming, loosing one type and acquiring new. An altitudinal zonality of biological communities has appeared. At the same time, an area of speciation of some types of plants and invertebrates has appeared as well. This is an explanation of presence of the endemic species.
The endemic species of mountain communities of Savanoids, the upper layer of which form a treelike Prangos et Ferula, the only well-preserved flood forests from Betula tianshanica / tian-shan birch, are present in Besh-Aral reserve. According to the taxonomic processing 65 species are endemic for the Western Tien-Shan at large. About 80% are endemics for the Central Asia. The wild progenitors of cultivated plants such as Medicago sativa, Malus, Pyrus, Vitis, Tulipa, Amygdalus grow in Besh-Aral.
Besh-Aral reserve is situated at the center of the modern areal of Marmota menzbieri, which is narrow-areal endemic of the Western Tien-Shan and contains the main part of population of species included in the Red Book of IUCN. On the other two parts of the areal located in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, the total number of Marmota menzbieri is less than that of in Besh-Aral. Thus, 2/3 of the world's population of threatened species of Marmota menzbieri is present in Besh-Aral. At the same time, its population number is regaining successfully.
The outermost northwest part of the area of Uncia uncia (snow leopard), which is also put in the Red Book of the IUCN, is situated. Most probably, one of the last core areas of habitation of Lutra lutra seistanica (Seistan Eurasian otter) is preserved here.
The territory of Padysha-Ata reserve includes deeply incised in to southeast mega-slope of Chatkal range, ravines of Padysh-Ata River and its inflows. At the average current the ravine shrinks in to the gorge with breaking steeply to the river by rocky slopes. Combination of the expressive rocky mountain relief with deciduous streamside forests from willow and cottonwood, and also from juniper, spruce and fir, and nut forests on the slopes neighboring with flowering mountain meadows attaches a unique fascination to the mountain scenery.
Kapchigai Ravine, in the jaw of Padysh-Ata is a strikingly beautiful place, the original gorge-canyon. The length of Kapchigai is 1-1, 5 km. Both of its sides comprise of huge monolith steeped rocks. The distinctive feature of the ravine is that it has no riverbed and terraces as the huge monolith rocks are steeply and sharply going down to the river. The only path that leads to passes goes almost along stream of the river.
From the Kapchigai Ravine a pattern of the landscape sharply differs. There are huge monolith rocks with cliffs (90°) comprising of limestones and sandstones. These rocks remind of intricate architectural features such as for instance, Kapchigai rocks, Kouk-Sarai, Azapkyr, and Tegerek mountains.
On exit from Kapchigai Ravine up the Padysh-Ata River the panorama of Azapkyr Mountain opens up. From this rocky huge mountain many spurs grow away radially, which represent monolith, steep sided, and often vertical and unbroken line cliffs that interlace with each other to remind the Egyptian pyramids. They can be considered as natural monuments. Peaks of all mountains are obtuse, domelike, and flat in some places. When they are uncovered a horizontal bedding of mountain rocks is clearly exposed.
There are grottos on territory of the ravine. The largest of them are located in valleys of Minjylky and Chymangazy rivers. In Minjylky Valley the waterfall Padysh-Ata is located and according to the local population this waterfall is considered to be the source of Padysh-Ata River.
Chatkal range is composed of sedimentary rocks, originated at the bottom of shallow intercontinental Tetis Sea. Retreat of the sea and rise of mountains was followed by an active volcanic activity tens of million years. Signs of this can be found in geological rocks even these days.
Padysh-Ata is located on southwest border of distribution area of fruit-nut forests in Chatkal range. Forests from Abies Semenovii, the endemic of the Western Tien-Shan are preserved in substantial area of Padysha-Ata reserve. Here, endemic communities of Umbelliferous - steppe savannas, in which functions of tree layer are served by plants Ferula and Prangos that reach three meters height, are well-marked.
In the reserve several tens of plant species, endemics of Central Asia, Western Tien-Shan, and Kyrgyzstan are present. Among them: Abies Semenovii (Semenov's fir), Malus Niedzwetzkyana (Nedzvetzky's apple), Pyrus asiae-mediae (Central Asian pear), Sorbus turkestanica (Turkestanian mountain ash), Euonymus Koopmannii (Koopmann's spindle-tree), Tulipa Kaufmanniana (Kaufmann's tulip), Hedusarum chaitocarpum (Honeysuckle).
The Red Book of Kyrgyzstan includes the following species that are present in Padysh-Ata: snow leopard, turkestan lynx, tianshan bear, indian crested porcupine, golden eagle, himalayan vulture, bearded vulture, short-toed eagle, etc.
Justification of Outstanding Universal Value
The Western Tien Shan is specified by its exclusive diversity and beautiful mosaic landscapes; outstanding evidence of large-scaled geological and evolution processes; unique combination of different ecosystems; rich animal and vegetal life with endemic species and associations and significant number of rare and endangered species.
The Sary-Chelek reserve, the Besh-Aral reserve, the Padysha-Ata reserve (Kyrgyzstan), the Aksu-Jabagly reserve, the Karatau reserve and the Sairam-Ugam National Park (Kazakhstan), and Chatkalsky reserve (Uzbekistan) are nominated by three states and show the most representative and preserved areas of joint unique natural complex - the Western Tien Shan. Each of these secured areas has its own distinguishing features; however, they complete each other in biodiversity, outstanding landscapes and paleontological monuments.
Criteria vii:
The nominated area contains all features necessary for maintaining its aesthetic importance. There are impressive mountain relief, scenic water bodies, wild nuciferous and coniferous forests, middle mountain meadows and meadow steppe, multicolor subalpine tall-grass, alpine meadows.
The following features have outstanding aesthetic importance: deep canyons and flat scenic ravines with water cascades (canyons of the Aksu and Kshee-Kaindy rivers in the Aksu-Jabagly reserve, the Kapchygay ravine in the Padysha-Ata reserve, the Chatkal range in the Besh-Aral reserve); plateau surfaces and invulnerable bizarre cliffs (Kyrykkyz in the Sairam-Ugam National Park, the Kapchygay mountains, the Kok-Saray mountains, the Azapkyr mountains and the Tegerek mountains in the Padysha-Ata reserve); the clearest deep rivers and streams, waterfalls and high mountainous rock-dammed (Sary-Chelek) and morainic (Makpal in the Sairam-Ugam National Park) lakes in neighborhood with snow peaks (the Sayram peak, 4236 m over sea level in the Sairam-Ugam National Park, the Kara-Toko peak in the Sary-Chelek reserve); numerous caves of the Padysha-Ata reserve. Clusters of nominated area have the exceeding recreational potential.
Many of local flora and fauna species contribute in aesthetic landscape importance, such as Greyg and Kaufman tulips of fairytale beauty, snow cock, paradise flycatcher.
Criteria viii:
The nominated territory represents significant geological processes of area landforms development and outstanding geomorphic and physiographic relief features. All significant landforms of the Western Tien Shan are represented here.
The relatively small territory includes different geological structures that represent consecutive steps of Earth crust evolution. Here are measures of early Proterozoic till modern ones including the Cambrian, Ordovician, Devonian and Carboniferous systems where the ancient life evidences were found.
The nominated territory is undergone by active on-going tectonic processes - tireless seismic activity results in earthquakes up to 7-9 magnitude on the Richter scale. Large tectonic faults cross the region, the major of them lies along central line of Chatkal and Talas ridges.
Criteria ix:
Parts of the nominated site represent the whole range of the Western Tien Shan vertical zonation. Up to 7 natural zones in mountainous parts (from steppe zone near mountain foots till highlands) determine the high diversity of wildlife. Sustainable ecosystems represent the complete variety in accordance with vertical zonation.
Original combination of the northern and southern forms, relict species and autochthone communities is typical for the Western Tien Shan. Southern Indian Hedgehog can feed at the same meadow with northern Siberian Roe Deer, while thermophilic walnuts grow side by side with firs and Silver firs from taiga. This highlands have some segregated regions with intense actual species formation resulting in nascence of numerous new species - neo-endemics, which have emerged in the region fairly recently. Evolution and species formation processes have significant scientific importance not only as an example of natural development, but also for regeneration and conservation of similar Eurasian ecosystems.
Criteria x:
The nominated site is the key area for conservation of outstanding universal biodiversity of the Western Tien Shan. Although each part of area has the significance for conservation of its own unique biocenos elements, only combined actions and efforts can provide its long-term sustainable development.
The Western Tian Shan is recognized as one of the world centers of origin of nut, fruit and many other culture plants. There are natural habitats of their wild ancestors: plum (Prunus), apricot (Armeniaca), walnut (Juglans regia), onion (Allium), alfalfa (Medicago), apple-tree (Malus), and pear tree (Pyrus), grape (Vitis), tulip (Túlipa), almond (Amygdalus). This vast genetic stock is exceptionally important for agro-biodiversity of many states. Due to the high concentration of forest biodiversity the Western Tien Shan is inscribed in the list of key Earth eco-regions.
The Western Tien Shan typical combination of different types of coniferous and deciduous forests survived here: juniper stand, fir, maple, nut, fruit, riparian forests and more than 10 species of endemic vegetation communities.
There is the unique population of Menzbira marmot (Marmota menzbieri), the Western Tian Shan endemic of restricted area, ranging only in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.
Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) and Karataus sub-species of argali (Ovis ammon nigrimontana) need particular care due to conservation of biodiversity and genetic resources.
All together the nominated territory counts 25 kinds of plants and animals inscribed in the Red List of IUCN (Ver. 2009_1) with different levels of threat. This includes 9 kinds of plants - common apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris, EN), talass birch (Betula talassica, EN), karataus cotoneaster (Cotoneaster karatavicus, DD), crataegus (Crataegus ambigua, DD), sogdian ash (Fraxinus sogdiana, NT), karataus rare honeyberry (Lonicera karataviensis, CR), nedzvetskogo apple tree (Malus niedzwetzkyana, EN), siversa apple tree (Malus sieversii, VU), shrenka tavolgotsvet (Spiraeanthus schrenkianus, EN); 1 kind of butterfly - apollo (Parnassius apollo, VU); 11 kinds of breeding and untrapped birds, including untrapped ones - pale harrier (Circus macrourus, NT), imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca, VU), bustard (Otis tarda, VU), little bustard (Tetrax tetrax, NT), crake (Crex crex, NT), brown dove (Columba eversmanni, VU), and including breeding ones - black vulture (Aegypius monachus, NT), roller (Coracias garrulus, NT), saker falcon (Falco cherrug, EN), Naumann's kestrel (Falco naumanni, VU), vulture (Neophron percnopterus, EN); 4 kinds of mammals - asiatic wild dog (Cuon alpinus, EN), Menzbira marmot (Marmota menzbieri, VU), argali (Ovis ammon, NT), snow leopard (Panthera uncia, EN).
The nominated territory is the habitat of many endemic, rare and threatened species of animal and vegetal life.
Statements of authenticity and/or integrity
The territory of Sary-Chelek reserve is an integral basin in which the flow is formed that provides supply of lakes and rivers, and of existence of biota. The site is under the high level of state protection and no economic activity is allowed. Dimensions of the reserve are sufficient for maintenance of the main part of biodiversity and ecological integrity. Woodlands are located on the neighboring territories in which forests are referred to the first category that excludes industrial use.
Besh-Aral reserve is the largest in size in Western Tien-Shan and fully covers basins of rivers located in its territory excluding Chatkal, which is passing through it by transit. Nival, alpine, subalpine, and mid-mountain belts are present on its territory. Herbage communities are widely present on the territory including endemic for the Western Tien Shan mountain-Savanoids and various species of plants and animals. Dimensions of the reserve allow maintaining the main part of biodiversity that is typical for the region, and of the main part of population of endemic Menzbira marmot. The site is under the high level of state protection.
Padysha-Ata reserve covers well-preserved juniper, spruce and fir forests of the Western Tien-Shan, and other types of wood-shrub and herbage communities as well. Located at the central part of Chatkal range it plays a key role in providing migratory paths of terrestrial species including ungulate mammals such as Capra sibirica (mountain goat) and Uncia uncial (snow leopard). Areas occupied by biological communities are sufficient for maintaining reproduction of the main composition of biodiversity. The site is under the high level of state protection.
Comparison with other similar properties
The unique features of the Western Tien-Shan prove that the nominated territory has no analogues among the World Nature Heritage properties. In the mountainous areas of Central Asia there are 3 WNH properties - "Golden Mountains of Altai", "Lake Baikal" (Russian Federation), "Uvs Nuur Basin" (Mongolia and Russian Federation); one of the properties is also in the mountains of Northern India - "Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks". But, the Western Tien-Shan significantly differs from all of them in orography, climate and history of development, vegetation and wildlife. Other WNH recently being nominated property is «Tajik National park» (Tajikistan), differs from the Western Tien-Shan in landscapes and arid of highlands, which also causes large differences in vegetation as well as in other features.
Western Tien-Shan represents different types of sustainable mountainous ecosystems, as well as great biodiversity with the high level of endemism and presents one of the centers of origination of cultivated plants growing from the range of wild progenitors, as well as demonstrates unique sites of upper Jurassic flora and fauna.


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State swims closer to noncompliance
Published: Monday, February 25, 2013 at 11:08 a.m.
Last Modified: Monday, February 25, 2013 at 11:08 a.m.
It is not often that a state openly defies federal regulations, but Louisiana moved one step closer this past week when the Wildlife and Fisheries Commission filed notice to create a new weekend-only season for recreational red snapper.
The season would begin March 23, thus wrestling regulation away from the federal Gulf of Mexico Fisheries Management Council, which rejected a move by the state in February to take over the fishery.
Randy Pausina, assistant secretary of state wildlife and fisheries, said the current federal system of controlling recreational harvest isn't working.
"For the past six years, the recreational quota was exceeded five times," he said. "The only year the quota wasn't exceeded was in 2010, likely a direct result of massive fishery closures resulting from the BP oil spill."
Texas has already taken over its red-snapper fishery, making it the only Gulf state to do so — thus far.
In related action, the Gulf Council this past week recommended closing federal waters, referred to as EEZ, beyond those states determined to be non-compliant with federal regulations.
"This is how that action breaks down: because our season doesn't fit that of the federal season, we will be penalized with an EEZ closure," Pausina said.
State Wildlife and Fisheries Secretary Robert Barham said he maintains the authority to modify the season based on further discussions with federal counterparts and the Gulf Council, meaning negotiations are ongoing.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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Definition of terminator in English:
1A person or thing that terminates something.
Example sentences
- Techniques intended to monitor foetal health became terminators of the female foetus.
- In the end, I chose an electronic insect terminator, and I am not unhappy!
- The public is given a fearful impression with images of Frankenstein foods, killer tomatoes, and terminator seeds.
1.1 Biochemistry A sequence of polynucleotides that causes transcription to end and the newly synthesized nucleic acid to be released from the template molecule.
Example sentences
- If transcription through such DNA regions is impeded by means of a transcription terminator or by shutting off the promoter, hyperrecombination is abolished.
- The upstream rRNA transcription terminator and a hairpin structure downstream of recD, which might work as a transcription terminator, are shown.
- In wild-type chromosomes, these proteins are confined to the heterochromatic DNA sequences either by terminator sequences or by proximally directed initiators.
2 Astronomy The dividing line between the light and dark part of a planetary body.
Example sentences
- The terminator of the planet was visible at it's edge, and some artificial light brightened the thickening dusk on the night side.
- Anyone standing on the surface of the moon would see the sun gradually rise as the terminator passes them and the area goes from dark to light.
- Looking along the line separating the bright and dark halves (the terminator line), at you can make out a decently prominent crater near the top of the lower quarter.
For editors and proofreaders
Line breaks: ter¦min|ator
Definition of terminator in:
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.
= trending


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Indiana Shockwaves - Kleinbub will be holding tryouts on Sunday August 4th at 2 p.m for PITCHERS, we do not need any catchers, And 2:30pm for everyone else.
Tryouts will be at the Lawrence Central High School Varsity Diamond. Address is 7300 E. 56th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana. The softball diamond is located east of the football field. Please bring tennis shoes to hit in the batting cage and parents the bleachers have been removed from the field; so you will need chairs to watch tryouts
Any player with a 98 birthday or older is eligible, 6 players from this years team are still age eligible to play 16U right now. 16's, do not believe the myth that coaches do not watch 18's play. There have been 58 different college/university's watch this team play this season. I will have that list for you at the try out. If you would like a list of the college's/university's before try outs send me a email and I will send you the list.
Our summer schedule consisted of playing in NSA A and ASA A State, Compuware Classic, Dreams Showcase, Atlanta Legacy Showcase, and Nationals.
Our Fall Schedule that we will be playing consists of:
8/23 IUPUI Showcase, Indianapolis, IN
8/30 USA Preps Showcase, Indianapolis, IN
9/21 Grace College Round Robin, Warsaw, IN. We will play 3 NAIA colleges
10/4 Worth Showcase, Indianapolis, IN
10/18 Sparks Pumkin Fest Showcase, Elgin, IL
10/25 St. Louis Showcase I, Chesterfield, MO
These are the showcases that we WILL PLAY!!!!!!!
If you would like more info before trying out you can contact:
Scott Kleinbub
ACTIVE is the leader in online event registrations from 5k running races and marathons to softball leagues and local events. ACTIVE also makes it easy to learn and prepare for all the things you love to do with expert resources, training plans and fitness calculators.


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Astra Zeneca ends AZD2820 study
11.09.2012 - Swedish-British pharma Astra Zeneca has stopped the development of one obesity drug but promises to back partner Palatin with the other candidates.
US company Palatin Technologies, Inc. (Cranbury) experienced a setback for one of its developed drugs in June this year when its partner AstraZeneca PLC from Europe paused a Phase I clinical trial after a serious adverse event. Now, the Swedish-British pharma giant decided, after a thorough review, to end the development of this drug completely. However, Palatin also announced that AstraZeneca remains committed to the collaboration programme at large to discover, develop and commercialise compounds that target melanocortin-4 receptors for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and related metabolic syndrome.
The ditched clinical candidate called AZD2820 is a subcutaneously-administered peptide that partially agonises the melanocortin-4 receptor. Phase I clinical trials as a single-agent therapy for the treatment of obesity started in the first half of 2011 after AstraZeneca had selected the drug from the collaborative research programme with Palatin Technologies. The single centre study was expected to enrol 90 subjects with a body mass index between 30 and 35 in a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase I trial in healthy male volunteers. After 11 subjects had completed their dosing regimen, the trial was halted by the Safety Review Committee because it suspected that one subject may have had an allergic reaction following his first dose. The volunteer fully recovered but the review by AstraZeneca said that it cannot be excluded that the adverse reactiom was linked to AZD2820. The company however also stated, that it is unlikely that this event was related to melanocortin receptor activation as a mode of action.http://www.european-biotechnology-news.com/news/news/2012-03/astra-zeneca-ends-azd2820-study.html


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- Represent AC Milan!
- Currently Unavailable
Take to the street with your AC Milan pride!
This old-school jersey celebrates two classics: AC Milan's red and black, and adidas originals style. AC Milan wears red for the fiery passion of their players and fans and black for the fear they inspire in the opposition.
93/7 cotton/polyester jersey with embroidered AC Milan team badge and retro screened adidas trefoil logo. V-neck collar and ribbed cuffs.
Lamentamos que todavia no hay descripción en español para este producto.


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Is your team in need of a good reliable source for their uniforms, athletic apparel and fanwear/spiritwear? If so please see the attached flyer that provides information in regards to our company and offering of uniforms, athletic apparel and spiritwear. Majestic 360 is one of the largest suppliers of athletic apparel in the state of Indiana and offers multiple lines of uniforms and spiritwear. Not to mention our own custom line of uniforms that are all manufactured in the USA. We have the capacity to produce over 20,000 screened pieces a day so we can handle rush orders as well. Competitive pricing, excellent service with a quality product. Whatever your needs are we can handle it!
We also provide custom online stores for your spiritwear/team orders free of charge!
Sean Schnaiter
Team and Institutional Sales
ACTIVE is the leader in online event registrations from 5k running races and marathons to softball leagues and local events. ACTIVE also makes it easy to learn and prepare for all the things you love to do with expert resources, training plans and fitness calculators.


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Much props goes out to Emily who threw this for all of us, sage, and gruvis malt for giving us a night that has made the spark in many of ours hearts begin to grow into a flame. For all of you that were there, you know what I'm talking about, and for all of you peoples that didn't make, you bettah ask somebody! I hope some of you people have some pictures to throw up. Anyways, this was one of the better shows that I have been to in such a long time. I mean how many people have you seen go off with a casio keyboard, a beatbox skill, and a harmonica? damn.. Not to mention the straight knowledge that was represented and shared by all. I was reminded that the revolution isn't just in my head. We are out there everywhere, you just gotta poke around. Oh, and please someone tell me that you recorded this show? please? fun times! :D
Sun Feb 02, 2003 12:09 pm
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HAYWARD -- In life, Johntue Caldwell and Oscar Grant III were so inseparable at times that they were called "The Twins." In death, they have twin burial plots in the Hayward Hills, not far from the community where they became best friends as preschoolers.
Three years since Caldwell was killed at a Hayward gas station, with still no arrests for the bold daytime shooting, Caldwell's mother Zeporia Smith wonders if it was her son's close attachment to Grant and Grant's notorious death at the hands of a BART police officer that led to his death. Having no real answers, she is making a plea to the public: Help Hayward police solve her son's killing.
"I feel like someone had to have seen something, it was a busy street, a busy time of day," said Smith, a 51-year-old Contra Costa County resident. "If you saw something, say something. Whoever did this, they took so much from us."
Caldwell was among those who witnessed former BART officer Johannes Mehserle fatally shoot Grant, 22, in the back on the Fruitvale station platform in Oakland on Jan. 1, 2009. The shooting that Mehserle said occurred because he mistook his gun for his Taser, which was caught on surveillance and cell phone video, has been ruled accidental by both criminal and civil juries. Mehserle was convicted of involuntary manslaughter for the shooting and served about a year in jail, an outcome that sparked protests and riots.
Caldwell, 25, was killed by an unknown person 30 months after Grant's death as media buzzed about the Hollywood movie based on the shooting, "Fruitvale Station." Caldwell was mentioned in entertainment stories about the film as Grant's best friend and the godfather of his daughter, Tatiana. The media hype, plus the fact that Caldwell sued one of the other BART officers there that night for excessive force in a case he lost posthumously, gave some people the impression that he was headed toward a windfall of cash.
"It made people think he had money," Smith said. "We don't know if it was jealousy or the stigma that got him killed."
Smith last saw alive her son at their Newark home the day of the killing, July 15, 2011. He told her about his plans for the weekend to take his girlfriend, his two sons, and Tatiana to the Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk. First he needed to sell his car, a champagne-colored Cadillac, and get a rental car.
He went to the 76 gas station on West Tennyson Road at Calaroga Avenue to wait for a friend who was to follow him to the buyer's house. At about 5:30 p.m., Caldwell was sitting in the parked car at the station when, while the neighborhood was filled with people, a man ran up, shot him several times, and ran away.
Hayward police Inspector Michael Woods said he works on the investigation in some way every day.
"It was a brutal act to a victim who was minding his own business," Woods said. "We've never given up on this case.
"The family has suffered so much tragedy. The circle of friends have suffered so much tragedy," Woods said. "We would love to tell them we got the guy in custody."
Caldwell's slaying was a big blow to a community of friends and family who were still grieving over Grant's death.
He was a mediator for the clan, devoted father to his sons Jeremiah and Isaiah, now 9 and 7, and was the primary caregiver to his disabled and mentally ill sister, Smith said. He was attending Ohlone College, working as a butcher at Farmer Joe's Marketplace in Oakland. Recalling him always opening their doors to friends who were hungry or homeless, his mother said she admired his loyalty and ability to love with his whole heart.
"He had a lot of dreams. His intentions were to be the best father he could be, the best godfather he could be," Smith said. "I get stuck on July 15, 2011. They say, 'you gotta start living,' and I know that. But sometimes the pain gets so bad.
"These guys, whoever murdered Johntue, they are still out there. It's an uncomfortable feeling," Smith said. "They need to be off the streets, not just for Johntue, but for the safety of everyone."
Anyone with information surrounding the killing of Johntue Caldwell is asked to call the Hayward Police Department at 510-293-7034.
Contact Malaika Fraley at 925-234-1684. Follow her at Twitter.com/malaikafraley.


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Tips for Power Steering Inoperative/Steering Wheel Hard to Turn 2005-2008 Chevrolet Cobalt 2006-2008 Chevrolet HHR 2005-2006 Pontiac Pursuit (Canada Only) 2007-2008 Pontiac G5 2003-2007 Saturn ION
Filed Under (repair and maintenance tips) by admin on 21-04-2010
The following diagnostics might be helpful if the vehicle exhibits the conditlon(s) described above. Use the appropriate recommendation based on what symptom has occurred. Recommendation/Instructions No DTCs Review Corporate Bulletin Number 05-02-32-002B to assure you do not have a blown 60 amp steering fuse. The fuse can be blown during improper jump starting of the vehicle on the HHR and ION. Check for this particularly for tow in conditions. DO NOT replace the steering column unless an internal short has been Identified in the column that is causing fuse to blow. Power Steering Warning Message on DIC with DTCs C0176 and C0476 This condition is often the result of excessive lock-to-lock turns of the steering wheel, causing the thermal protection in the Power Steering Control Module (PSCM) to take the steering motor temporarily off line. This is a normal operating characteristic of the system. DO NOT replace the steering column for this condition. Refer to Corporate Bulletin Number 06-02-32-002B for additional information


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The New York State Department of Transportation responded this month to a letter from Assembly Minority Leader Brian Kolb urging for an "onsite investigation and review" of the Main Street Canandaigua crosswalks.
According to the response from DOT Commissioner Joan McDonald, the DOT will "review the Route 332 corridor in Canandaigua relative to pedestrian safety, building upon previous studies and considering recent events."
Kolb's letter was sent to the DOT in September following the death of a Canandaigua woman while attempting to cross South Main Street.
Location, ST | website.com


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Aug 17, 2012
CORPUS CHRISTI – Throughout the summer and into the early fall semester, GoIslanders.com will talk with members of the Islanders men's basketball team to give you more insight into the ins and outs of the basketball program. Today, we visit with sophomore center Nate Maxey.
Maxey finished fourth in the Southland with his 48 blocked shots, a total that was third in Islanders history, as a freshman. The San Diego native averaged 3.5 points and 3.0 rebounds in his debut season.
Check out the video below:
Inside Islanders Basketball - Nate Maxey
Aug 17, 2012


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Preached by:
The Blind man in this passage was able to see what others were blind to. As Christians, we need to speak up and tell others our faith story. This is especially impactful when we have had a true experience with God and when we are actively walking in a relationship with Him.


text:
25 April 2006
A Few Words on Vellum
Some reviewers have, of course, disliked the book, and that hasn't surprised me at all -- this is the sort of book that causes strong reactions in readers, and it is a book that requires some real effort to read, given its length and complexity. I've not been much annoyed by reviewers who said, "I don't get it, and I don't want to bother getting it," because that's anybody's right, but I have been angered by a couple of reviewers who, strangled by the leashes of their pet taxonomies, have willfully and lazily missed the riches within the novel. (This is not to suggest I think the book is perfect -- not at all. It's a mess. But as messes go, it's one I had a lot of pleasure wading through, discovering unexpected jewels in amidst all the material strewn far and wide.)
I received a finished copy of the Del Rey trade paperback of Vellum yesterday, and it's a lovely artifact, feeling much like the beautiful edition of M. John Harrison's Viriconium that Bantam recently produced. One interesting difference between the U.S. edition and the British edition of Vellum is that in the British edition, all of the dialogue is indicated with dashes (a la James Joyce), while the U.S. edition provides standard quotation marks. I expect the standardized version will be somewhat easier to read, but I was kind of fond of those dashes...
11 comments:
I liked Vellum too. I'm expecting the same sort of reaction as you are, which is why I'm very pleased that Hal wrote me this article, in which he explains what this "style" thing is all about.ReplyDelete
Thanks, Cheryl -- I meant to link to that originally, and then forgot. (I think my burnout on the whole issue is having a powerful subconscious effect...)ReplyDelete
- Anonymous4/25/2006 12:56 PM
The change from dashes to quote marks was entirely my fault; I claim full responsibility. Actually, it was a very deliberate decision.ReplyDelete
Because to me, those dashes have was always been a French affectation adopted by Joyce, and I find them personally annoying. Don't get me wrong, I don't think it's an invalid argument, the idea that it blurs the line between dialog and prose. But I am enough of a prudish fuddy-duddy to draw a line in the sand and say there's no need to rely on French affectations. I think Hal (and Joyce) can manage just fine without them. It's the words themselves that matter to me (and yes, I found Danielewski's House of Leaves design so annoying I never finished the book. I mean, I chuckled at how they played with design, even admired it, but it became too much of a barrier to the enjoyment of the text. But, I digress...)
I just thought I'd own up to that change, since it was my decision. (Hal did okay the change, though we had great fun discussing the matter.) In the end, VELLUM stands up well enough either way.
P.S. I will mention I think the US edition has a distinctively better overall design, with a more deliberate, evocative variation of typeface, much more distinctive and useful to the narrative than the typeface design in the UK edition. FWIW
I have to say that the only book I can think of off the top of my head that used dashes in that way in which it didn't strike me as a distracting affection is Wilton Barnhardt's Emma Who Saved My Life. Also FWIW. It's definitely a fine line.ReplyDelete
- Martin4/25/2006 2:04 PM
... but I have been angered by a couple of reviewers who, strangled by the leashes of their pet taxonomies, have willfully and lazily missed the riches within the novel.ReplyDelete
Come on: name names.
CRAP! I really wish I'd gotten to twork on that damn book.ReplyDelete
Hey, Minz - Happy belated birthday!
- Surveyor4/27/2006 1:02 PM
As for naming names...ReplyDelete
I was disappointed by John Clute's review at Excessive Candour. For me, it is one of the kind that Matthew mentions.
As for naming names... I was disappointed by John Clute's review at Excessive Candour.ReplyDelete
There's some sort of irony here ;)
Is "pet taxonomies something you can accuse Clute of? Matt's criticism of unnamed reviewers seems very specific and a without examples a little confusing.
I don't find Vellum impenetrable, I do find it pretentious and self-indulgent. I agree very much with Matt that "as messes go, it's one I had a lot of pleasure wading through, discovering unexpected jewels in amidst all the material strewn far and wide." I don't think the novel is able to get over the fact it is such a willful (and partial) mess though.
I'd second Martin's question. I can understand how a fan of Vellum might not get on with Clute's review; but I don't think that the criticisms in his review were anything to do with his "pet taxonomies" - ie, presumably, the model of fantasy structure he put forward in the Fantasy Encyclopedia. So I too would be genuinely interested to know from Matt which were the specific reviews he was angered by, and why.ReplyDelete
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.ReplyDelete
I picked up Vellum back in August 2005 and read fifty pages. I put it down again, confused. Not unusual for me: confusion. Still, I picked it up again a month ago and read it from front to back. It's crazy, beautiful, frustrating, manic, sad, stupid, and structurally broken. So what?ReplyDelete
Hal Duncan is a welcome voice, a lunatic fringe exponent that bucks at the core of SF mainstream. For all of the diverse reviews, (a healthy outcome) one thing is certain: Hal Duncan's voice and individual personality is stamped hard on the pages of this book. It's a triumph of imagination!
It's a shame Mr Minz didn't stick to Hal's original lack of speech marks vision. Would the lack of speech marks seriously dent sales? Are American readers really that simple-minded? I think not.


text:
Tony Mobily's recent FSM post A future without Microsoft and the resulting comments have caused me to consider the way we use numbers to argue for free software in the marketplace. I'm not convinced that it's the best strategy because those waters are particularly muddy when it comes to comparing free and proprietary software.
I suppose it's not always a good idea to criticise your editor but then again I think I know my editor and he can take it. In truth Tony didn't go too deep into the numbers game so I think he survived unscathed. Anyway as Lando Calrissian said, here goes nothing.
Play our game not their game
Regular readers of this column may know I am an advocate of making an argument on the merits of your product and not the faults of the opposition. In the same way I think playing the numbers game with Microsoft is a foolish thing to do: that is their game and they are good at it. Despite what they say they are Microsoft are--at heart--bean counters: their bottom line is--well--the bottom line. What they care about is how many units they have sold. They are experts at manipulating statistics to show what they want you to see. For them it's all about the numbers and they are not alone. Proprietary software companies across the globe seem to follow daintily in the footsteps of the Redmond giant (sometimes if they get too close they get squashed but that's a different story). Their mantra is "business is war" and in war the one with the most people standing at the end, wins. In software the one with the highest numbers wins. It's rare to see free software projects actually aiming to destroy their competitors--it happens but not as much as in the proprietary world.
The free software community is not that kind of animal and nor should it be. Whilst individual businesses may employ free software, the software itself is not really about winning, it's about doing the best job it can whilst maintaining the freedom of its users. Numbers of users and installs are only relevant if those numbers mean something. What they mean to proprietary companies and what they mean to a free software project are poles apart. In the first instance it's about revenue, in the second it's about how many people you have supporting each other. Both are independently factors in the success if the product but the nature of that success differs vastly between the two models. Software sales figures are about revenue from what you did. The game has changed, it's now about revenue from what you do, not what you did.
A new game
Free software didn't change the game so much as revert it to its origins -- before it got corrupted. It then built upon the original game and -- if you like -- forked a new branch away from the proprietary control-freak one. The game is one where numbers no longer count for much. Saying there are 20 gazillion users has always said little about your product. A proprietary product sold to a customer does not mean it is still being used or any good. Equally and free software product downloaded does not mean it is still being used or any good. A proprietary sale does mean a single user/instance but a free software download does not. You just compare those two sets of numbers and as a lot of users find out: popularity in either camp does not mean suitability to your particular need. If we are ever going to break the "nobody got fired for installing X product" mentality then we need to stop harping on about numbers because they mean so little in reality.
End-users, IT managers, CTOs, CIOs and any other person with information or technology in their job title need to wake up and smell the coffee. They need to see that they've been sold duff advice. Buying the "biggest seller" does not necessarily mean increased support and certainly does not automatically mean greater suitability. It means you are investing in somebody else's business, not yours. Once you leave the sales and marketing game the picture becomes a little clearer. You can focus on what the software does, how it integrates, what kind of support you get, how does it perform. And when I say focus on those things, I mean you get to find out for real as opposed to a sales person promising what their developers can't deliver on.
Free software is rarely sold and if so it's even rarer to find it's the licence that is being purchased. Proprietary software is almost always sold, free and bundled version s appear to contradict this but -- as most of us know -- you pay for it in other ways. Comparing two products which propagate in entirely different models is next to useless. You always have to try and put one into the other's terms and it usually doesn't fit. I've said this before in a different context but it's like comparing apples and air, and it's as big a waste of time if you ask me.
The problem with my argument above is that the other lot keep comparing in the terms of their numbers game and those are terms the end-users is familiar with. So how do we combat that? For a start we can argue on our terms, within the new game. We can also demonstrate the effectiveness, not the popularity of our products. Finally we can do all we can to highlight the fact that the game has changed and that the numbers game is going to be one that smart people no longer play.
The Game?
Lets understand something, MS did not create the numbers game -- their customers did. MS is just playing along. If the FOSS crowd does not understand that then woe is us. FOSS will always have a number foisted on it by the end customer -- always. It is how they make decisions.
That does not however mean that FOSS has to play the 'for-sale' game. But lets first throw away the 'free' canard. Any Fortune 5000 is going to be looking for support. The FOSS majors (Red Hat, MySQL, Postgres, etc) all provide professional support for a fee. For any corp, in their eyes therefore the software is not free even if they paid no purchase invoice.
So if its not free then what is the FOSS advantage? Lifecycle and Scale.
By Lifecycle I mean the ability to use the same software from prototype to datacenter without busting the budget. When you're building new ideas use FOSS. One of them pans our you still use FOSS. When the program gets to UAT the same FOSS is in use. Finally when it gets to production the licensed FOSS is substituted. All without the need to buy additional licenses for the early phases. The side benefit is that IT, if it has a standard suite its promoting, can not only accept the production code without complaint but support the early efforts without too much pain.
Scale of course in being able to utilize the same software regardless of the installation. FOSS has a better handle on that score. Nor does it play the fractured features game used by the proprietary purveyors. The added plus is that much of the scale issues for FOSS are pretty well known as well as their solutions.
The 'game' for FOSS is not to play the buy but the total corporate costs. FOSS should foster the adoption of IT FOSS standards. Promote the development of FOSS virtual appliances. Expand training opportunities at lower cost than the proprietary purveyors.
But lets not fool ourselves -- Free is not going to win the day.
Sounds like we agree
Lets understand something, MS did not create the numbers game -- their customers did. MS is just playing along. If the FOSS crowd does not understand that then woe is us. FOSS will always have a number foisted on it by the end customer -- always. It is how they make decisions
When I say numbers game I am not referring to price at all. I am referring to number of installs, number of sales, number of units and users. Whilst MS may not have created that game they do encourage its continuity. It's they who keep coming out with studies and reports all related to the fact that number of installations and best sellers apparently matter. Their customers have swallowed it hook line and sinker and whilst we need to understand that game we do not need to play it.
There is also a huge difference between companies who build their business around free software -- like Red Hat -- and the free software community. The former can and should play the numbers game as part of its business plan but -- because of the freedom in the software -- even they do it on different terms to Microsoft. The numbers for Red Hat are related to associated services not software licence sales. If the free software community plays the numbers game -- that is if it becomes part of our philosophy for creating software with freedom running through it then woe is us indeed.
You've mentioned the word free a few times in a context that is against what I meant. I do not consider cost an important part of software deployment, certainly not as important as freedom. Any software project -- be it a home office suite or a multi-seat business roll-out should always consider cost but not as much as the longevity and sustainability of the project and that is whee the freedom comes in.
When I say free software should not play the sales and marketing game, it is precisely because the cost is no longer the focus ( or at least it shouldn't be ). The cost still has a part to play but it is no longer the focus, the freedom is.
That is why and how the game has changed.
cheers Ryan
Why do we care about the numbers?
It's interesting to ask "why do we care about the numbers?"
I think if you look at it from the proprietary software perspective, the numbers are a way of seeing how "future proof" a piece of software is.
If it has a lot of sales and a strong company behind it, then it will continue to exist. And as long as it continues to exist, it will be supported (by someone, even if not by the originator) and your data (in proprietary formats) will continue to be accessible, and so on. (Among other advantages).
In other words, the customer is really looking for security.
Now, of course, free software solves these problems in much more direct and complete ways. FS communities are far more resilient to low deployment numbers than are proprietary companies, for example (because the future proofing comes from the free availability of the source code, not the continued survival of the organization keeping the secret). Similar arguments can be made in many other areas of user concern.
So, it can easily be the case that a piece of free software has greater "future proofing" and "data accessibility" than the competing proprietary software, even should that proprietary software control more than 99% of the market versus 1% for the free software.
In other words, the deployment numbers may simply not be relevant to the thing the customer or user is really trying to glean from them.
In fact, I suspect the performance of the FS packages's community is more likely a factor of its absolute size rather than its share of the market -- since the issue for FS development is "is the bazaar large enough to enable effective production?".
The question that arises, then, is how can you convert that information into a meaningful statistic rather than a qualitative hand-waving argument?