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What our Guests Say
Guest Photo Gallery Sign our Guestbook << More Comments >>
February 2013
I adore the B&B and the owners. I've been coming to Salem for 8 years now during October and love it. This past year October 2012 I found the Amelia Payson House. I now will never stay anywhere else. I loved it!! Ada is...well...wonderful. A better person you will not find. I know I drove her crazy by not coming down for breakfast but the room and bed was so clean and comfortable I couldn't get up.I can't wait til October 2013 to visit again.
June 2010
Dear Ada and Don,
Just sitting here on a stormy morning on Cape Cod and thinking about my lovely visit to Salem. Thank you both for making my stay so pleasant. The Amelia Payson House is just perfect! It reminds me of my favorite B & B, which I stayed at in Wales about 10 years ago. My room was delightful, and I very much enjoyed the delicious breakfasts, complete with good conversation! Best wishes for a wonderful, busy summer. How lucky those who find their way to Winter St will be...
June 2009
What a delightful stay. Our welcome was warm and inviting. The accommodations were exceptional and the breakfasts were wonderful (great coffee too!). Thank you very much for an outstanding experience.
October 2008
My husband Steve and I discovered Amelia Payson House last year. We returned again this October and we plan to come back for hopefully years to come. Ada and Donald are the best! I love it there, so warm and welcoming, I never wan't to go home. I tell all my friends and colleagues about Ada and Donald's wonderful hospitality, wonderful breakfasts, superb coffee (and I drink a lot of coffee :) ). It gave us the energy to go out there and shop and visit and savour all of Salem. Our sons and their girlfriends want to come along next year. They enjoy our stories so much, they cannot wait. I cannot wait. Thank you so much again Ada and Donald. Take care and see you next October.
Francine, Gatineau, Qc. Canada
October 2008
Ada and Don,
We could not thank you enough for our wonderful stay in Salem. Your lovely accommodations & wonderful hospitality made our trip so complete. We are truly honored that our first bed & breakfast was spent with you and are already discussing returning to Salem!! Thank you so much for everything!!
Becky & Woody, Pennsylvania
July 2008
Dear Ada and Don,
Our mother-daughter 2 day get-a-way to Salem was such a treat, thanks to your wonderful accomodations. My mother, Ruby, and I truly enjoyed our time at Amelia Payson house. The rooms were so bright and cheerful and the AC was such a treat after touring Salem in the heat. It was nice to have the bottled water waiting for us and the treats that were stocked in the common room was a nice addition. It was also great to see that a refrigerator, microwave, coffeemaker, iron, etc were all there for our use and convenience. Your breakfast of heart-shaped waffles were delicious as was the very fresh fruit. Your conversation at breakfast was a delight. We will definitely be back in the future and would highly recommend you to others. Lastly, we loved having the opportunity to read the history of the B&B, so thank you for making that available in our room. Many thanks,
Amy-Jean, Lunenburg, MA and Ruby, Lowell, MA
July 2008
This was our first stay at a B&B and will not be are last. Ada and Don were absolutely wonderful. The house was beautiful and their hospitality warming. Next time we are in Salem(possibly a yearly event)we will be staying here,it is walking distance to all the attractions.We will recommend the Amelia Payson House to anybody going to Salem. By the way HAPPY BIRTHDAY DON!
Rhonda & Bill, New York
May 2008
My daughter, Andria, and I stayed at the Amelia Payson House the last weekend of April, 2008. This was my first experience at a B & B and it was wonderful. From the warm greeting to the luscious homemade breakfasts, our hosts made our stay truly enjoyable. The home is lovely and beautifully decorated. My daughter and I are both "clean freaks", as is Ada, and we were so impressed with our accommodations. If you want the best in Salem, be sure to stay at the Amelia Payson and you will have a grand time.
Carole, New York
July 2007
I just returned from the Amelia Payson House only a few days ago. Ada and Don were extremely helpful and friendly, actually greeting us at the door when we arrived. The rooms were VERY clean, large, and bright and the breakfast was a wonderful assortment of items including fresh fruit and muffins. My mother and I loved the convenience to all of the attractions and the wonderful amenities provided by Ada and Don. We would love to visit again and highly recommend them to anyone.
Becky, Iowa
June 2007
We found out about your B&B through Trip Advisor. We had an amazing time and were glad to be able to experience a true B&B in such a historical house. It was truly an experience. We loved how you knew who we were right away and how helpful you were in telling us about the area, the house and helping us with our many bags!
It was great to be able to leave our car parked in your drive. And as you said, getting around Salem by foot was fairly easy. We did get rained out earlier than we'd hoped and to our regret were unable to give you a proper thank you and farewell.
Breakfast was great - I love that you had a great deal of options available. We
loved our room too - everything was so spacious for us. The aura of the Amelia
Payson House just made it all the more enjoyable - from the style of the house
itself to the furnishings. Thanks so much for everything!
Yours, Kathy & Kathy, Ontario, Canada
Thank you so much for letting us stay at your BEAUTIFUL Bed-n-Breakfest. I have always wanted to visit Salem. I finaly decided to go. I took my daughter on our FIRST mom and daughter get-a-way and we could not have picked a better place. We were both a little shy about staying in a place other than a Resort. We can not wait to stay with you again. We felt very much at home even though we stayed to ourselfs. We look forward to comeing again soon and spending more time meeting you and seeing more of the town. It was way more than we had expected. Thank you so much, That time we spent together was much needed and we were happy to spend it there. The room was beautiful along with the rest of the house. I have even told my husband that we should buy a vacation home there. Thank you and we WILL highly recomend you to ALL our friends,
Sheri and Jaymie, Massachusetts
Amelia Payson House exceeded our expectations! By far, the best bed & breakfast we have experienced...enjoyed it more than our 4 star hotel in Boston! Ada & Donald made everything perfect. Thank you for a wonderful stay!
Alicia & Dan, Illinois
We stayed at the Amelia Payson house for Halloween in Salem. The house is beautiful, very comfortable, terrific host and hostess and the breakfasts are outstanding. The other guests were very enjoyable. We would stay here again anytime we could. I wish all of our B&B experiences could have been this wonderful. Thank you for a delightful time.
Diane and Craig C., Delaware
This was our very first experience staying at a Bed and Breakfast. . . and it could not have been a better one! Ada, the owner, has such a welcoming personality that it is like visiting relatives. The rooms are beautiful and immaculate. I highly recommend and compliment the owners of the Amelia Payson Bed and Breakfast. They take pride in what they do!
Kathy B., Massachusetts
Don and Ada:
We are recovered now from the thrill of Brian running the Boston Marathon and having our sons and daughters' in love with us for the 5 days and nights. Your hospitality was a cut above the many B&Bs that we have stayed at through the years and you made it a vacation that we will never forget.
Brian and Kay along with Paul and Becca and Chris and Tricia (Idaho and Wisconsin)
Dear Don and Ada:
I had the best time visiting Salem and staying with you! I really enjoyed the breakfasts each morning. You have good food and the freshest fruit!
The best part was that I got to really talk to you and the other guests and I feel like I made some good friends. When I arrived in Salem-I knew no one. I also have some great new ideas on what to do on my next visit.
You took great care of me and I appreciate all of the "extras" - the soaps, the chocolates - and the pick up and drop off at the train station. The room was beautiful and met all of my expectations and more.
I miss it already!!
Angela, South Carolina
Ada and Don,
We had so much fun in Salem and a wonderful time staying at the Amelia Payson House. Everything was so beautifully decorated and we really enjoyed the breakfasts in the morning and the chance to sit with other couples literally from around the world and share stories. It was an experience like no other and your hospitality and kindness was very much appreciated. We also wanted to thank you for picking us up at the train station and dropping us off there when it was time to leave, it is a nice service that you don't get at many places nowadays. We were also very grateful for the maps, directions and local information that you gave us. You are both very nice people and I can't even put into words how much we loved our stay in Salem and staying at your bed and breakfast. We would definitely love to come back and stay with you again sometime!
Holly & Joe
Dear Ada and Don,
Roger and I wanted to thank you for making our stay so pleasant and enjoyable, especially considering the horrendous weather. Your home is absolutely beautiful, exquisitely decorated, warm, and cheery, and the contrast with that horrible nor'easter blowing outside made it even more pleasant to head back to our room after the wind and rain.
And Don - thanks for chaffeuring me back and forth to the train station. By the way, that bus trip from Salem to Logan Airport has got to be the best bargain around: less than $5.00, about a one hour trip, and the bus drops you off maybe ten steps from the door to the terminal!
I must tell you that in all our 37 years of marriage, and traveling around the US and Europe, Amelia Payson House definitely ranks in the top 5 places we have stayed, including some pretty pricey resorts. As I explained to my friend, it was like stepping back into the 18th or 19th century, with all the modern comforts and conveniences. I've described the decor as "Hester Prynne meets Laura Ashley!".Roger and I also developed a profound fondness for that Senseo coffee brewer in the sitting room. So much so, that I went and bought one last week and we are just drinking up a caffeine storm. The Sanseo people should be giving you free pods, given the great advertsiing you do for them.
When we finally get our photos of Salem up loaded, I'll send you a note, you so can enjoy them, too.
Thanks again for a wonderful stay, and you can be sure we will return if we are
fortunate to be in the Boston area again.
Best regards - Jane
A friend and I stayed with you last year. I am looking to return with my boyfriend. When we came to Salem, we stayed in the beautiful room which is featured in the Salem Visitor's Guide. The room was as lovely as in the picture - more so, actually, in person. The breakfast was wonderful and very friendly. We felt very at home and I look forward to returning soon!
Ellen M.
Dear Don and Ada,
When Ali & I decided to have a mother /daughter get away we could not find a place that had what we were looking for. Our friend Carrie then told me that we had to go to your beautiful home. I decided to take her word for it and that was the smartest thing I did! You gave Ali & me a week-end we will forever cherish. Each morning was started with a warm and wonderful breakfast from days past. The afternoon and evening was spent on endless events that were all in walking distance. And the night we returned to a beautiful home and bedroom that had every comfort we could wish for. We will definitely be returning! And we cannot wait!
Hi, Don and Ada!
I very much enjoyed my stay at the Amelia Payson House on May 20, 2002. This was my second visit with you folks, and I'm sure not the last! Your immaculate inn and effulgent hospitality truly epitomize the very best that a B&B has to offer. Carry on!
My boyfriend and I had such an amazing and comfortable stay here. I kept catching myself saying over & over.. "I wish this were my house' ... that is how cozy,clean, warm and comfortable the feeling is. You two do an incredible job & we thank you so much and look forward to re-visiting with you very soon!
May 2001 - My fiance and I have stayed at other bed and breakfasts but Amelia Payson House was by far the best in terms of friendliness, comfort and experiencing an overall feeling of being at "home". We enjoyed our stay immensely and we will definitely be back. Thanks for all you did to make our first "Salem" vacation a happy and memorable one.
My October 98 stay was absolutely wonderful! This is without a doubt one of best run B&B's I have ever stayed in. Don and Ada are truly gracious hosts and do an outstanding job of making their guests feel welcome.
I stayed at your home in 1994 during october. Your home was beautiful!! we really felt very comfortable there.It was a very romantically furnished and clean. i actually took pictures of my room to show my friends! i also enjoyed getting to know you and all the others who were staying there too. It was interesting having breakfast with people from all over the country. thank you!!! You actually took us in, because we did not have a place to stay, And that was the best thing that ever happened. Your home will be the number one place for us always!!!!!
barbara and frank
Thanks for your wonderul hospitality, to visit Massachusetts and not stay with you is an unpardonable crime against tourism.... and you can quote us on it!!!!
Frank & Sue
My wife and I stayed here in June 1999 and found it to be a wonderful experience. The room was comfortable, clean and cozy; the hospitality was excellent; and the location was convenient for exploring the beautiful historical town of Salem. This is an affordable B&B with the quality of more expensive places... I would recommend Amelia Payson house to anyone exploring New England.
Eddie K., New Jersey
Ada & Don:
Thank you so much for the wonderful hospitality you provided during our stay with you over the weekend. Sue and I had never been to Salem or to a B & B. We had a wonderful time. We want to come back! I enjoyed your home and all the little details that made our stay so special. We will pass the word !! Thank you again,
This was truly a wonderful B&B. Ada and Don could not have been nicer. Ada has so many nice touches, she really goes above and beyond. We will definitely go back.
We enjoyed our stay tremendously! Ada and Don Roberts could not have been nicer; we would gladly stay there again!
Dear Ada and Don,
Thank you again for a delightful experience while staying at your home. I will recommend you to everyone. Being "at home" with you added significantly to the enjoyment of the seminar week.
Geneva, Illinois
A super house & cosy room. Thank you for having us to stay!
Gill & Martin
Tonbridge, Kent, England
Delightful hosts - superb accommodations - special Halloween
St. Thomas, U.S.Virgin Islands
We thoroughly enjoyed our stay here! Beautiful rooms and warm hospitality. Thank you!
Stewart and Julie
Salt Lake City, Utah
If Amelia were to come back, she would be quite happy, I'm sure, with the care and love you've bestowed upon her house. Thank you so much for the hospitality; our first canopy bed!
Maxine & Earll
Oakland, California
The fact that we booked for one night & stayed for three speaks for itself. We couldn't think of a better way to make our first aquaintance with New England.
Many thanks.
London, England
Ada and Don,
Wish we could have stayed longer! You have a fabulous home - we thought the QE2 was great - this is far superior. We'll be back. Thanks very much.
Roy and Judy
Halifax, Nova Scotia
What a lovely place to stay! We're so glad to have found you! Our rooms were so comfortable & everything was perfect! We will never forget our stay with you. Thank you for everything!
George & Marian and Phil & Mary
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
From now on when coming from the East to visit the West, this will be my first stop on the itinerary. Thank you very much.
Will, Tokyo, Japan
Thanks for making our "second honeymoon" so much fun! The B&B is really neat.
Bob and Ruth
Laconia, New Hampshire
16 Winter Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970
E-mail | For Reservations Call: 978.744.8304


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Red-Light Cameras
Published: Saturday, April 6, 2013 at 12:01 a.m.
Last Modified: Friday, April 5, 2013 at 9:21 p.m.
I have been reading with some amusement the pro and con reader opinions regarding the photo-enforced, red-light cameras that some local cities have been installing. Keep in mind that the most powerful tool that we, as citizens, have is our pocketbooks. I simply do not patronize any businesses located within a city that uses the red-light cameras.
My purchases are a tiny drop in a very large bucket. But if more people quit spending money in the cities using the cameras, maybe then we would see if the city fathers are truly interested in the supposed safety aspect of the cameras or instead simply enjoying a free monetary bounty.
FRED McCLENDON
Winter Haven
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.

subset: commoncrawl


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Accessing Google News
If you're having trouble accessing Google News, try these steps first:
- Restart your computer.
- If that doesn't work, verify that you're able to reach other sites on the Internet.
- Quit and relaunch your browser application, and try to connect to news.google.com again.
- Try clearing your browser's cache.
- If you're accessing Google from behind a firewall, proxy, or anti-virus program, disable the program and try accessing the site again. These programs could be configured incorrectly, and as a result, you may have problems accessing sites on the Internet; if disabling the program resolves the problem, you may want to consult the program's online support center for assistance.
- If you're on a computer network, can others on your network access Google News? If you're at a school, library, or other public place, then network-security applications may prohibit you from accessing certain sites on the web.
- Do you have the latest version of your browser? If not, downloading it may resolve the problem.
- If you're running Microsoft Windows, do you have the latest updates and patches from Microsoft?
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Whether you're attempting to shed those couple extra pounds or just maintain a healthy body weight, everybody has a use for a digital bathroom scale. The real decision comes in trying to figure out which scale is going to best suit your needs. Why do some scales cost $30 while others can cost $130? Let's take some time to demystify the world of digital bathroom scales!
Standard Digital Bathroom Scales
Let's start by taking a look at standard features that a vast majority of digital bathroom scales have, regardless of maker, model and cost. For example, any digital scale you look at will definitely have some type of LCD display, plus a relatively sleek design.
Furthermore, you should also be able to easily step onto a scale without needing to tap a button in order to activate it. Most digital bathroom scales run on 2 to 4 AAA or AA batteries, and will instantly self-calibrate to measure your weight to the nearest ounce. These basic features are standard for today's digital scales.
Advanced Digital Bathroom Scales
When you start looking at some of the more advanced digital scales, you're definitely going to find much wider range of functions and features. Some of the additional features that you might come across are:
- Body fat percentage
- Muscle mass percentage
- Your body's water weight percentage
- Bone mass measurements
These additional features are perfect for fitness enthusiasts and consumers looking for more in-depth details about their bodies. Certain advanced models even come complete with personal body recognition, allowing for up to eight different users to store and retrieve saved data about their weight, fat percentage, and more!
Much like the lesser high-end models, these high-quality models also have easy-to-read digital displays, automatic calibration, plus they instantly activate without the touch of a button; however, expect these basic functions to run more smoothly with quality brands.
High End Digital Bathroom Scales
If you decide to start looking at a more high-end and expensive digital scale, expect more enhanced features for smoother functionality; these additional options alone eclipse many scales on the market today!
These latest digital scales offer users the chance to display their heart rate along with general body weight data. Furthermore, these newer digital scales can even connect to any available WiFi connection, allowing consumers to sync their mobile devices so they can upload their stored data!


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Share your experiences with the 10th Annual West Valley Big Bang Tournament below Back to event details page.
trying to register for this tournament....no contact info or website...how can we register? Please contact email@example.com...we have already begun scheduling hotels
ACTIVE is the leader in online event registrations from 5k running races and marathons to softball leagues and local events. ACTIVE also makes it easy to learn and prepare for all the things you love to do with expert resources, training plans and fitness calculators.


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- Tea Pouches
- Loose Tea
- Iced Tea
- Teaware
- Gifts
- Sale
- Why Mighty Leaf?
Recently harvested French vervain leaves yield a silky, buttery smooth cup of relaxing after dinner enjoyment. This also makes a phenomenal iced tea selection.
Loose tea in 2 oz. bag
Verbena leaves
Clear, golden yellow liquor
Light and refreshing body with hints of lemon
Preparing the perfect cup of tea is a process to be savored. Watch how the traditional elements harmoniously come together to make the perfect cup and enjoy the liberation of pure tea goodness.
This is what we call the Mighty Leaf signature multi-sensory ("sensory melange") tea experience. Come share with us and learn how to get infused.
The quality of tea is affected by the quality of water used to prepare it. Using filtered or bottled water is best. If possible, avoid brewing tea with tap, distilled or mineral water. Never over-boil water, as it results in flat-tasting tea.
1) Heat filtered or bottled water to a rolling boil or to 205 F. 2) While the water is heating pour hot water into your teapot and cups, let sit and then drain completely. A warm teapot will maintain the requisite temperature for superior tasting tea.
Whole Leaf Tea
Prepare Mighty Leaf teas using a teapot, paper tea sachet, infuser or traditional brewing methods. Use one rounded tablespoon of Verbena Mint Organic per 12 ounces or cup of water.
Infusion Time
Pour boiling water over tea leaves. Keep teapot covered to retain heat. Time steeping carefully and infuse for 5 - 7 minutes.
Savor the Leaf
Sip your cup and rediscover the pleasure of the way tea was naturally meant to be. This is the magic of Mighty Leaf.
Verbena (Verbena officinalis)
Known for its restorative affects, the herb aids digestion and helps relieve nervous tension. Chinese herbalists often prescribe its use for remedying headaches and migraines.
Relax and renew with Verbena after a long day or curl up with your favorite book and a cup. Pairs well with buttery pastries and chocolates.
Subscribe and save 5% with Regular Tea Rituals, our Auto-Delivery Program. Details


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Appreciated Securities
When you give appreciated securities, you may receive an immediate tax deduction and savings on capital gains taxes. Your gift of stock or mutual funds can also be used to fund a charitable gift annuity. You can make a gift of appreciated securities to The Nature Conservancy while diversifying your portfolio and/or securing a stream of income.
For direct information about gifts of stock, please call (877) 812-3698 or email us today.
How it works
- You transfer securities to The Nature Conservancy.
- The Nature Conservancy sells your securities and uses the proceeds for its programs.
- You receive gift credit and an immediate income tax deduction for the fair market value of the securities on the date of transfer, no matter what you originally paid for them.
- You pay no capital gains tax on the securities you donate.
- You can direct your gift to a specific fund or purpose.
- You have the satisfaction of making a significant gift now or funding a life-income gift that benefits The Nature Conservancy later.
Information that may interest you ...
Learn more about gifts of appreciated securities.
See the gift that's right for you based on your goals.
Take a look at all of your gift possibilities.
You can protect forests and other natural places by making a planned gift with The Nature Conservancy. Contact us today.


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Location: Foreign Animal Disease Research
Project Number: 8064-32000-058-00
Start Date: Oct 27, 2011
End Date: Oct 26, 2016
1. To examine the virus-vector-host interactions responsible for virulence and transmission, studies will be conducted to determine tissue tropism in cattle after viral infection through insect bite, and the events mediating viral infection, early pathogenesis and transmission. The mechanisms of insect-to-insect transmission while co-feeding in cattle will be characterized and the role of cattle of amplifying hosts for VSV will be assessed. Tests will be conducted to determine the level of potentiation of VSV infection by black fly (Simulium Vittatum) salivary gland factors. Studies will be conducted on the virulence and transmissibility of VSV strains making incursions into northern Mexico. 2. Viral strains circulating in endemic areas of Mexico will be genetically characterized, and the epidemiological and ecological factors associated with emergence and maintenance of the specific viral genetic lineages in endemic settings will be analyzed in comparison to non-endemic virus strains.


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Rep: Dustin Hoffman 'surgically cured' of cancer
Published: Wednesday, August 7, 2013 at 6:00 a.m.
Last Modified: Wednesday, August 7, 2013 at 6:37 a.m.
LOS ANGELES - Dustin Hoffman is doing well after being successfully treated for cancer.
A spokeswoman for the 75-year-old actor-director confirmed a People.com report Tuesday that says Hoffman is "feeling great and in good health" after undergoing cancer treatment.
Publicist Jodi Gottlieb told the site that Hoffman's cancer was detected early and "surgically cured." She offered no other details.
Hoffman made his directorial debut last year with "Quartet."
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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A United States Army Helicopter made a landing on the ball field at the New Franklin School Thursday afternoon. It was not landing for a mission of combat but rather a mission to demonstrate the helicopter to the elementary students as they capped off their Red Ribbon Week.
Location, ST | website.com


text: Hope the mods don't mind me doing this, but the old thread was a couple years old and had over 300 posts so I thought we could start a new one. The old thread can be found here. Anyway, I just found Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? by Philip K. Dick at my local Cancer Research UK for £2. I'd been meaning to buy it for some time, especially ever since watching Blade Runner for the first time a few years ago. Also have enjoyed a number of Dick's other books.


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Joined: 11 Jul 2002
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Welcome to MICHIGAN Sage
Today is the show in Ann Arbor.
Let no tongues be held. I hope you have a great show.
All in All, feel welcome... and rip it.
-HamLet : teL maH story-
Thu Jul 11, 2002 4:07 am
Joined: 03 Jul 2002
Posts: 753
Location: Indianapolis
<---Wishes he could make the trip to Michigan...(Sigh)...That's alright, I'll see Sage in a month at Scribble.....yay!
Thu Jul 11, 2002 4:14 am
p00ny tang
Joined: 30 Jun 2002
Posts: 6413
Location: Detroit, Michigan
I'll be in Detroit..
Working til midnight..
You all have fun now..
Thu Jul 11, 2002 11:17 am
Sage Francis
Self Fighteous
Joined: 30 Jun 2002
Posts: 21790
i arrived in Michigan with very little sleep in my system.
I crashed in a grassy area next to a big college until three homeless people woke me up because they thoght I might be dead. 'you've been here ALL day...we were just making sure you're ok"
haha. tight.
it'll be a good show
Thu Jul 11, 2002 1:55 pm
Joined: 30 Jun 2002
Posts: 1574
Location: southern californ-eye-a
sage, next time you hit up la, feel free to crash at my pad. dont worry. i wont molest you.
Thu Jul 11, 2002 1:59 pm
Joined: 04 Jul 2002
Posts: 45
Location: ONT
I know a bum with one arm who plays a harmonica and sings the blues freestyle. He can go on for days. I helped him beat down some kid who tried to take his harmonica. We didnt really beat him but we got the shit back before he ran away. it was hilarious.
Thu Jul 11, 2002 2:03 pm
Joined: 30 Jun 2002
Posts: 1574
Location: southern californ-eye-a
in addition to the homeless stories...
a homeless man clocked my cousin on the jaw when he was walking around in san francisco. he then proceeded to run away. my cousin was hurt. the bum was gone. the end.
Thu Jul 11, 2002 2:06 pm
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SynopsisFans and newcomers rejoice. You can now experience all three award-winning Mass Effect games with this box set that offers over 75 hours of thrilling action. Discover the heart-pounding thrills that critical acclaim the Mass Effect Trilogy. You're in the middle of a destructive war. It's up to you to ensure the safety of the entire galaxy. Become Commander Shepard, battling it out against the Reapers through the entire Mass Effect Trilogy in an attempt to save the galaxy. Journey to unexplored star systems aboard the technologically advanced SSV Normandy, commanding and training an elite squad and meeting intriguing characters along the way. Assume responsibility for the lives of your team members in the original Mass Effect game. Visit uncharted planets, asteroids and abandoned space freighters aboard your rover, MAKO, complete with customizable grip, speed, armor, boosters, weaponry and more. Import saved games from the original Mass Effect game to continue your heroic journey in Mass Effect 2. Defend yourself and your team with an improved combat system and weapons from 19 classes. Complete the series with Mass Effect 3, and engage in epic sci-fi combat on many worlds across the galaxy as you fight to take back the Earth before it's too late. Take on the Reapers alone or team up with your friends online in class-based, co-operative battles for up to four players. Lock and load and head into battle with guns firing or utilize cover to plan a more tactical approach. Your actions determine the fate of the galaxy? are you ready, Commander?. Price: $39.99
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ZIPPO Black Leather Lighter Pouch
Quantity in Basket:noneCode: ZBLL-121503
Genuine black leather lighter pouch, embossed with the silver Zippo logo. This lighter pouch has a strong chrome clip that is easy to attach to your belt. Keeps your Zippo lighter handy and protects the lighter's finish from scratches. This is a licensed Zippo product that displays the Zippo logo and is not branded with any automotive logos.
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BEST ENTRANCE: Entry 4
LOCATION IN MALL: Zone 4 near the Food Court
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The Yankee Candle Company
the boot is back?
in stores & online: http://bit.ly/2bMYsqP
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Halloween is here ??
in stores & online: https://t.co/b9BAlwO4OI https://t.co/Kw4FDdpwaG/p>
RT @CaitieCollins: Shoutout to @TheYankeeCandle for making my room smell like fall. #ApplePumpkinCandle https://t.co/dp3XclMhav/p>
It's Wine Wednesday & we're giving away our new Wine Pairings Collection! (that's right, wine candles) SHARE this post + TAG a friend in the comments to be entered to win.
shop the new collection: http://bit.ly/2bfCsB2
RT @mohann124: ????YALL ITS TIME TO BUY FALL CANDLES AT @TheYankeeCandle
ITS THE MOST WONDERFUL TIME OF THE YEAR????/p>
(we're wicked excited) ?????? https://t.co/NpQUW00h8r/p>
RT @DSmith_76: Huge shoutout to @TheYankeeCandle for blessing my new home with their new fragrances !! ???????? Absolutely Love them !!/p>
RT @james_wesser: @TheYankeeCandle loving this scent! I smell the honey underneath the orange! Amazing!!!!! Grabbing the big jar soon! http…/p>
if you're out shopping today...??
(also online code EMPLOYEE) https://t.co/b5iNRbCwaQ/p>
Candied Pecans: https://t.co/rVPyCUxyBU
Fresh from the oven, warm pecans glazed with caramel, sugar & vanilla. https://t.co/Fb99bZkZka/p>
(never too soon for fall candles) ?? https://t.co/pjvJS5DEQk/p>
Starting today, 50% off all candles!
Show this in store or shop online: http://bit.ly/2bl0mN8 code EMPLOYEE
(tag a friend you want to go shopping with)
Caramel Apple Cake: https://t.co/ITePncjybu
Rich caramel & vanilla frosting surrounds sugary apple cake perfection. https://t.co/Sn2xu0Zz6j/p>
#MondayMotivation your fav fall fragrances are back! ?????? in store & online: https://t.co/sFTcQSskbA https://t.co/4ZbUlpVUbe/p>
The captivating silhouettes of bare fall trees... our NEW Scenterpiece Warmer: http://bit.ly/2aOH1Vm
The captivating silhouettes of bare fall trees... our NEW Scenterpiece Warmer: https://t.co/jCgmLpF6wC https://t.co/Yiy4aYdY2j/p>
Chatting with our CEO Hope Margala
Good morning ?? Today we'll be chatting with our CEO Hope Margala on Facebook LIVE, 10:30amET (leave a question in the comments below)
follow us on snapchat to see our Williamsburg Village Store takeover?? ??: YankeeCandleCo
follow us on snapchat to see our Williamsburg Village Store takeover??
??: YankeeCandleCo https://t.co/X4eVHUbPFh/p>
Meet the 2016 Boney Bunch ??
(available in stores & online Sat. 8/27)
Get the look: https://t.co/BlKTiDM26w
Add the magic of twilight to transform your home for fall. ?? https://t.co/LeAs36Anlq/p>
#MondayMotivation 37 days till fall ??
(but it's here in store & online http://bit.ly/1ob5Sal)
#MondayMotivation 36 days till fall ??
(but it's here in store & online https://t.co/sFTcQSJV38) https://t.co/gF6j48LyOs/p>
Thanks, @ELLEDECOR for including us in your "History of Home Fragrances" ?? Read the story here: https://t.co/wsZuh9bFqs/p>
RT @Crossgates_Mall: Mark your calendars! The @TheYankeeCandle #halloween event is coming soon!! https://t.co/fufwhDGVkx/p>
Your favorite fall fragrances are back! ??????
in store & online: http://bit.ly/1ob5Sal
Good morning ??
Today we'll be chatting with our CEO Hope Margala on Facebook LIVE, 10:30amET https://t.co/OOiHsCvBJf/p>
This Friday at 10:30amET, our CEO Hope Margala will be taking your questions on Facebook LIVE. Leave a question in the comments below & tune in Friday morning.
We hope you enjoy your new Charming Scents! (the "love" charm is our personal fav) ??? https://t.co/8WEcYvcRPo/p>
RT @TKleinsteuber: Newest collection @TheYankeeCandle . love the Halloween stuff . can't wait to go back real soon for the other cat. https…/p>
RT @Lindz_Jay: Arriving to the annual #WitchesBall @TheYankeeCandle! ?????? #BoneyBunch #Halloween #ThisIsMyChristmas https://t.co/yuIx1IFhbX/p>
Halloween is here ??
in stores & online: http://bit.ly/1V9JZ5D
You're invited this Saturday, August 27th...
Halloween Premiere: https://t.co/CKt9WiMv7h
?? in stores & online https://t.co/DQ0ntBeqbb/p>
Boney Bunch fans...
3pmET today, Facebook LIVE
glad we could help create a personalized candle for your event???? https://t.co/2NMBdaWwB3/p>
RT @EdenPrairieCtr: Get ready for #HalloweenMagic @TheYankeeCandle! The new collection goes on sale Saturday! https://t.co/OSjXnVDqXf/p>
RT @mallow610: Whipping out my new Fall fragrances from @TheYankeeCandle like Simone Biles whips out her gold medals https://t.co/giBe34buPt/p>
glad we could help bring fall into your home, Donovan ?? (thanks for loving our fragrances) https://t.co/0szuFvPsvz/p>
RT @kb_dunford: Thank you @TheYankeeCandle for that employee sale! ?????? #yankeefandle https://t.co/RCLIeMXoMo/p>
(we love this) ??
Thanks, @BuzzFeeders ?? https://t.co/kLsQEGJZyi/p>
Candied Pecans: http://bit.ly/2aOLFTu
Fresh from the oven, warm pecans glazed with caramel, sugar & vanilla.
So ready for cozy days ??
Our full fall collection has arrived!
In store & online: https://t.co/sFTcQSskbA https://t.co/jyNBpKELdA/p>
RT @thrillgeek: My @TheYankeeCandle Halloween purchase for 2016. #Halloween #yankeecandle https://t.co/Pu214nOaDw/p>
RT @kcirishbabe: .@TheYankeeCandle Had fun checking out the new #BoneyBunch collection! I got the Bride & Groom for my husband & I! ?? https…/p>
RT @carldehn: AND @TheYankeeCandle Halloween starts today. #BeStillMyHeart/p>
RT @EdenPrairieCtr: #Halloween begins TODAY @TheYankeeCandle! Check out the collection PLUS $15 #BlackMagic large jar with any purchase! ht…/p>
Boney Bunch fans...
3pmET today, Facebook LIVE
RT @ShopMaplewood: @TheYankeeCandle is having a spooktacular special this Saturday only https://t.co/GQdNjWXKib/p>
Get the look: http://bit.ly/2bdOUoe
Add the magic of twilight and the beauty of branches to transform your home for fall. ??
(this just brightened our day) ??? https://t.co/tdDF9gtrOL/p>
So ready for cozy days. ??
Our full fall collection has arrived!
In store & online: http://bit.ly/1ob5Sal
Friday 10:30amET - Facebook LIVE with CEO Hope Margala (tweet us your questions for her) https://t.co/OOiHsCe0RH https://t.co/8fhjoS4UW0/p>
The 2016 Boney Bunch Collection ??
16 new pieces plus 6 online exclusives
meet them today: http://bit.ly/1V9JZ5D
The 2016 Boney Bunch Collection ??
16 new pieces plus 6 online exclusives
meet them today: https://t.co/b9BAlwO4OI https://t.co/YeExbC4go5/p>
RT @Adam_Fn_Green: "66 days til Halloween, Silver Sham-rock!" ...And @TheYankeeCandle Halloween candles go on sale tomorrow!/p>
nail art goals ????
(??tomorrow??) https://t.co/m44UgUfxjC/p>
Happy #WineWednesday! RT + Tag a friend for a chance to win our NEW Wine Pairings Collection (yup, wine candles) ???? https://t.co/6GcDj0yUDv/p>
Starting today, 50% off all candles??
Show this in store or shop online: https://t.co/WC1F9HZAfM code EMPLOYEE https://t.co/jxV4XxregO/p>


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Once confined mainly to France's northern Rhone valley, this finicky white varietal has now been planted worldwide with many fine examples from California, Australia, and southern France.
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text:
Another 3 miles on the railtrail today. Nordic walked the first mile, tossed the walking sticks into the brush and walk/jogged the second mile, then retrieved the sticks and finished with another mile of Nordic walking. Splits were 14:48, 11:09 and 14:31.
I think I'm making progress with this injury, but it's hard to tell, it's going so slow. There's a huge difference in my arch between my good foot and the one with Plantar Faciitis. When I roll a golf ball under my good foot, the arch is soft and pliable, with my bad foot it's stiff, tight and sore.
With that in mind, I wore racing flats today. I figured they're more flexible than regular shoes and would let me stretch out that tight arch by over-emphasizing the push-off and using a longer stride. It seems to have worked, but I'm taking this one day at a time.
I wonder if N.E. will have Gronkowski back in the line-up in time to welcome the 9'ers into town. The Pats deal with scrambling q'backs like Rothlisberger and Vick just fine and with a defense that's finally coming together, they're going to be tough to beat.
I used to love watching Montana back in the day though, that guy could play!
Enjoy life, this ain't a rehearsal...
Rich, I hope you are doing a lot of STRETCHING.
5 miles on the treadmill, 1% incline, in 38:03 (7:37 mile pace).
First mile in 8:00, gradually increased my pace, and last mile in 7:04.
Dark Horse
I'm a dark horse, running on a dark race course.
Another nice run D.H., your knee is holding up pretty well from the looks, way to go!
Yes, I'm stretching a lot and it surprised me my arch is so tight. I think that's what's causing my foot to be so sore after a workout, but today was different. My foot was still a LITTLE sore, but more in my ankle and upper foot instead of my arch, for whatever that's worth.
The contrast soaks appear to be working as well and what I'm hoping for is to see a slight improvement over the next few days as I keep these workouts up.
Again, I THINK a tight plantar tendon is what's making me sore, but time will tell.
Enjoy life, this ain't a rehearsal...
Rich in NH wrote:
I THINK a tight plantar tendon is what's making me sore, but time will tell.
Rich, my left foot has had the bad plantar fasciitis--obviously it's not as bad now as it was, or I wouldn't be running this much--and I have noticed that my ENTIRE LEFT LEG is tighter than my right leg--hamstring, calf, heel, they are all tighter in my LEFT LEG than in my right leg. So tightness is a big part of what causes theplantar fasciitis pain, and stretching out ALL the parts of the bad leg--not just the foot--is key to addressing this problem.
In addition to lots of the usual stretches, I stand on the edge of a step at my gym, on one leg at a time, with just the ball of my foot on the step, and I lower my heel down below the level of the step, and then raise up my whole body using just that foot. Five sets of ten raises with each foot. What this does, is not only give a really good stretch to each foot, but it really builds up the strength in each foot, too.
NOTE: I do NOT stretch on days that I run! I stretch only on days that I DON'T run. But when I stretch, I REALLY stretch, often for over half an hour. Before a run I will stretch out my legs for just a few seconds, that's it; then I run. I think my legs stay springier for my run if I don't stretch them out too much.
Dark Horse
I'm a dark horse, running on a dark race course.
ACTIVE is the leader in online event registrations from 5k running races and marathons to softball leagues and local events. ACTIVE also makes it easy to learn and prepare for all the things you love to do with expert resources, training plans and fitness calculators.


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Offers valid on new bookings only. Prices shown are per-person, land only based upon double occupancy, except if expressly noted otherwise on the offer. Offers are subject to availability at time of booking and may be changed or discontinued at any time without notice. Blackout dates, minimum night stays, minimum stay requirements on air, seasonal surcharges, resort fees (if any), and other restrictions may also apply. Individual offers may require purchase of Travel Smart Plan or travel waiver. Offers are not valid for Group Travel. Some booking and travel dates may vary. Other promotions and departure dates available which may result in a different rate and/or hotel inclusion. Customer may be responsible for hotel taxes and fees on free nights and other offers, where applicable. Ask your Travel Specialist for details. Classic Vacations CST# 2079429-20
Antonis Eliopoulos
Save up to Value Added
Athenian Suite
Aegean Suite
Travel from 05/15/2013 through 09/30/2013
Blackout Dates: May Apply
Minimum Night Stay: 3
Book This Now
Vedema Resort, A Luxury Collection Resort
Hotel Ratings
Greetings from the Hotel General Manager
Welcome to Vedema Resort! Built in a niche village with black volcanic stones, it offers everything from gourmet dining in a 400-years old wine cellar to a wine bar where local vintages are being tasted. Don't miss a visit at the Perivolos beach, where you will step on black sand and you will swim in the waters that host the lost Atlantis! Hope to see you soon in our paradise!
Antonis Eliopoulos
Insider Tip
- Visitors can explore the volcano up close on a submarine ride. Located 5 km (3 mi) from the resort, this underwater tour takes visitors to the base of the volcano and around the deep waters of the island.
Hotel Overview
What to Expect:
- Built around a 15th-century winery, this stylish resort comprises 45 traditional whitewashed villas decorated with pastel walls, original furnishings, and artwork. Vedema Resort epitomizes Santorini's "barefoot chic" philosophy and attracts sophisticated vacationers seeking an exclusive getaway.
Amenity Highlights:
- The resort offers numerous options for fun and relaxation. Guests can indulge in a treatment at the spa, take a dip in the outdoor pool, or simply relax in a hammock amid olive and pistachio trees. Guests wishing to explore the island can take advantage of complimentary bicycles and shuttle service to Fira Town and a private black sand beach. The resort offers two on-site restaurants and three bars including a wine bar located in the 400-year-old winery.
Santorini, 84700
- Santorini
Airport:Santorini Airport JTR
Vedema Resort offers a mix of villas, residences, and apartments housed in 45 traditional whitewashed buildings. Individually decorated with vibrant colors and sophisticated island-style furnishings, all accommodations feature terraces with garden or sea views. Marble bathrooms offer complimentary designer toiletries, bathrobes, and slippers; villas feature jetted tubs. Amenities include minibars, satellite TVs, CD players, and high-speed Internet access (surcharge).
Room Amenities:
- Air conditioning
- Balcony
- Bathrobes
- Cable/satellite TV
- CD player
- Child care (in room, surcharge)
- Clock radio
- Cribs (infant beds) available
- Designer toiletries
- Direct-dial phone
- Hair dryer
- Housekeeping
- Hypo-allergenic bedding available
- In-room safe
- Internet access - high speed
- Internet access - surcharge
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Makeup mirror
- Massage - available in room
- Minibar
- Non-smoking rooms
- Private bathroom
- Rollaway beds
- Sewing kit
- Slippers
- Turndown service
- Wake-up calls
- Welcome amenities
- Window opens
Property Amenities
Located in the medieval village of Megalohori, this luxury resort overlooks the Aegean Sea and rolling vineyards. Guests can enjoy daily wine tastings and sample caviar, French champagne or Cuban cigars in the refined Canava Wine Bar, housed in a 17th-century winery. Those seeking relaxation can unwind in the open-air spa tub, lounge in hammocks, or sample refreshing fruit juices at the poolside bar. The on-site spa offers a range of soothing and revitalizing services, from a sauna and Turkish bath to massages and Santorinian salt and milk treatments (surcharge).
Business travelers will find secretarial services and fully equipped conference facilities accommodating up to 80 guests. The hotel also has an art gallery, a jewelry boutique, and concierge services.
The amenities listed below are available on site; fees may apply:
- 24-hour front desk
- Air-conditioned public areas
- Airport transportation (complimentary)
- Audio-visual equipment
- Banquet facilities
- Bar/lounge
- Beauty services
- Billiards
- Business center
- Business services
- Coffee shop or cafe´
- Complimentary newspapers in lobby
- Computer rental
- Concierge desk
- Currency exchange
- Doorman/doorwoman
- Dry cleaning service
- Exhibit space
- Fireplace in lobby
- Fitness equipment
- Floor butler
- Health club
- Internet access in public areas - complimentary
- Laundry facilities
- Limo or Town Car service available
- Massage - treatment room(s)
- Medical assistance available
- Multilingual staff
- Parking (free)
- Parking (valet)
- Patio
- Picnic area
- Poolside bar
- Porter/bellhop
- Private beach
- Restaurant(s) in hotel
- Room service (limited hours)
- Safe-deposit box - front desk
- Sauna
- Secretarial services
- Shopping on site
- Spa tub
- Steam room
- Swimming pool - outdoor
- Tour assistance
- Translation services
- Wedding services
Extra person charges may apply depending on hotel policy.
Rollaways and cribs may be available and should be requested at the time of booking; fees may apply.
Photo identification and credit card or cash deposit are required upon check-in for incidental charges.
All special requests are subject to availability upon check-in.
- American Express
- Barclaycard
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- Diners Club
- Eurocard
- JCB International
- MasterCard
- Pet fee charged at hotel/condo
- Pets accepted
- Visa
Check-in time:
Check-out time:
- 12 Noon
Guests of the Vedema Resort enjoy a complimentary buffet breakfast each morning.
VinsantoThe Vedema Resort's principal restaurant boasts two dining areas, one housed in a medieval winery, the other overlooking the sea on a terrace surrounded by black volcanic rock. Offers a range of Mediterranean dishes and a separate children's menu.
PergolaWith panoramic views through the grapevines to the city beyond, this informal poolside dining area serves Greek dishes with a Santorinian influence. Open for breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Prive Dining RoomHosted in a 400-year-old winery, this private dining experience offers a 9-course set menu and private butler service. Open by request.
Canava Wine BarWine bar housed in a 400-year-old winery. Offers wine tastings with a selection of Santorini white wines.
Pool BarLocated next to the pool. Offers a selection of cocktails accompanied by soft music at sunset.
Vinsanto Lounge BarSophisticated lounge located on the rooftop of the winery. Serves cocktails, international wines, and a selection of light snacks.
Jacuzzi BarOffers fresh juices and fruits adjacent to the outdoor spa tub.
The resort provides complimentary shuttle service to a private black-sand beach with sun beds, umbrellas, towel service, and a beach bar. Guests enjoy complimentary mountain bikes to explore the island, and guided tours to wineries and island attractions are available (surcharge).
Tennis courts are located 500 m (547 yd) away, and a range of water sports are available 4 km (2.5 mi) from the resort.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or near the hotel; fees may apply.
- Aerobics
- Basketball
- Bicycle rentals
- Boat launch
- Boating
- Fishing
- Helicopter/airplane sightseeing
- Hiking/biking trails
- Horse riding/rental
- Jet skiing
- Motor boating
- Mountain biking
- Parasailing
- Playground
- Rowing or canoeing
- Running track/path
- Scooter/Moped Rentals
- Scuba diving
- Skydiving
- Surfing/boogie boarding
- Tennis
- Volleyball
- Water skiing
- Windsurfing
- Yoga classes/instruction
Special Offer Details
European Riches 20133 nights from $659 per person
Save up to Value Added
What's Included?
- European Riches 2013
- Daily a-la-carte Champagne breakfast for two
- Welcome fruit basket and bottle of wine in room upon arrival
- 10% discount on nightly room rate
- One-category room upgrade subject to availability at check-in
- Early check-in and late check-out subject to availability
- Complimentary wireless internet access
- Roundtrip transfers from airport or port
Available Room Types:Dorian Suite
Athenian Suite
Aegean Suite
Important Dates:Book from 11/01/2012 through 09/27/2013
Travel from 05/15/2013 through 09/30/2013
Blackout Dates: May Apply
Minimum Night Stay: 3


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If to operate a machine is to operate like a machine, then we operate not only with each other like machines, we opearte each other like machines. And if a machine is`most effective when it has no effect, then we opearte each other in such a way that we reach the outcome desired - in such a way that nothing happens. All weapons are designed to affect others without affecting ourselves, to make others answerable to the technology we control. Weapons are the equipment of finite games designed in such a way that they do not maximize the play but eliminate it. Weapons are meant not to win contest but to eliminate them. Killers are not victors; they are unopposed competitors, players without a game, living contradictions. - James P. Carse
James Carse
Source: Finite and Infinite Games, Pages: 149-150
Contributed by: mita
Copyright © 2016 Gaiam, Inc.


text:
STANFORD -- Stanford cross country runner Miles Unterreiner will get his chance to compete for an NCAA championship and a Rhodes scholarship on the same day.
The university announced Tuesday that the NCAA has given its approval for a private plane to fly Unterreiner back and forth this weekend between Rhodes selection committee interviews in Seattle and the cross country national competition in Louisville, Ky.
The private plane, a university spokesman said, is being provided by an outside donor who wants to remain anonymous.
"There are a lot of people at Stanford and connected to the university that value the full 'scholar-athlete.' To me, it's not surprising to have that type of support, and there's no way this gets done without it," said Scott Alexander, Stanford's associate director of development for major gifts, in a prepared statement.
For a while it looked as if Unterreiner, a Phi Beta Kappa senior with a bachelor's degree in history who will complete requirements for his master's next month, would have to choose between his academic and athletic pursuits. If that were the case, he said he planned to skip the Rhodes interviews and likely try again next year.
"It's exciting, it's adventurous, it's all good news," John Unterreiner, Miles' father, said of Tuesday's announcement. "It would have been tough to forgo the Rhodes interview simply because it had taken a lot of work to become a finalist."
The family lives in Gig Harbor, Wash., and his son applied for the prestigious Rhodes scholarship to study in Oxford, England, through the Seattle district. He was chosen as one of 10 to 15 finalists for two awards.
Two days of interviews begin Friday, and after a luncheon reception and 2:30 p.m. session in a downtown Seattle location, Unterreiner will be driven by his parents to an airport where a private jet will get him to Louisville in about four hours.
The NCAA nationals are at 10:15 a.m. PST and as soon as Unterreiner completes the 6.2-mile course he will be whisked to the Louisville airport for the flight back to Seattle. Ideally, the jet would land in Seattle by 4 p.m. and he would reach the Rhodes interview 30 minutes later.
The Rhodes committee requires all candidates to be available for interviews on both days, though a second one may not be necessary. The scholarship winners are announced Saturday once the final interviews are complete.
If Unterreiner wins the scholarship, he plans to study philosophy, politics and economics at Oxford.
After winning the NCAA regionals this past weekend, Stanford's cross country team is now tied for second with Iona in the national rankings behind Oklahoma State. While Unterreiner is not the fastest runner on the team, scoring is cumulative and his presence is expected to help the school's chances.


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text:
So you need a server? Not a web server of course, you rent someone else's for that. No, you need a file server, print server, intranet, mail server and more. Can free software provide the answer? Of course it can.
Well what kind of answer did you expect from Free Software Magazine?
Growing pains
Many office networks grow in an almost organic way. They start life as a single PC, then a second is added and before you know it there are five or ten. Sometimes these are standalone but more often they will be peer-to-peer networked. Eventually this becomes cumbersome and some kind of server solution is desirable. At this point the fledgling IT budget becomes hungrier. Proprietary servers are expensive to buy and licence. Free software has for some time offered a choice of alternatives in this field and this article aims to discuss those options and explain how you might deploy a free software LAN server, which will allow you to start small but which can grow with you with minimal extra outlay. So, if you are looking to deploy a server but are baulking at the expense and hardware needs of Microsoft Exchange, read on. Figure 1 shows a typical network layout for your server, for the purposes of this article I am talking about five to ten client PCs behind a single ADSL line.
If you are looking to deploy a server but are baulking at the expense and hardware needs of Microsoft Exchange, read on
Hardware choices
First, I'll look at the hardware choice. Server hardware for this kind of project will not be particularly special. Bear in mind that it won't be running a GUI, so you won't need that 128MB 3D graphics card. Sound is also irrelevant beyond a system beep, so no sub-woofers are required either. CPU, RAM and hard disk will be crucial as will removable storage if you are implementing an on-site backup solution.
Exactly how fast or how big this all needs to be will vary. However, as a guide, I have recently installed two such servers. One serves five people in a small office and is a Pentium II 700/256 MB RAM/40GB IDE HDD. The other serves about 50 people and runs a lot of services. It is a Pentium 4 3GHz/1 GB RAM/2x160GB SCSI RAID array. The first has a USB DVD writer and the second an AIT-2 tape drive. The first was an old desktop PC which was no longer required and the second was custom-built and rack-mounted. Of course, neither have a (permanent) monitor, keyboard or mouse attached.
It's unlikely you'll have any hardware issues specific to running free software. Especially considering the advances made by GNU/Linux distributions and the BSD options. If anything, I would be careful of older network cards and devices mounted on motherboards as some of these can use peculiar chipsets. If you do have an issue then you can buy fairly cheap GNU/Linux compatible alternatives on-line.
Designed to serve
What might such a server be expected to—er—serve? Here is a suggestion: files (Samba); printers (CUPS); Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP); mail (Exim/Procmail/Qmail/Sendmail) and intranet (Apache) internal websites.
The names in parentheses indicate typical free software packages you could use to provide such services. The resources section at the end of this article has links to most of their websites. The mail and intranet services could be provided elsewhere but there may well be situations where a standard ADSL account is used for connectivity and this includes a single catch-all email account. A server like this would give staff individual mail addresses. Similarly, a website may be available, but in a single office environment a local server would provide a more manageable and controllable intranet.
Free software options
Whilst there will be many ways to skin this particular cat, I shall look into two of the most popular ways of deploying a free software LAN server.
- Build it yourself from a typical distribution
- Download and install a customised made-for-purpose distribution
So how do you decide? My advice is to work out how much time, budget and skills you have available and go from there. If you have no time at all I would stop now. Installing a server will require some time (even—or especially—a proprietary one). If you have a couple of weeks, know how to use a command line and fancy a challenge then go for the first option. If you have a week and don't know what a command line is then go with the second option.
Work out how much time you have available. If you have no time—stop now
I'll be looking at one example of each. Of course, your preferences may differ from mine but that's the beauty of free software—choice. Another one is scalability. Both these options will, given adequate hardware, scale to support much larger setups.
DIY servers
Building your own server from a standard distribution will involve more work, particularly in maintaining packages, installing updates, etc., but it will be your server. It will run the software you choose and will be as unique as you want it to be. You are unlikely to get a support contract for it but at this level you are unlikely to need one. This is the "fun" option. That's in the same way that building your own house can be fun. I'm looking at a Debian GNU/Linux-based server.
Base install
You can download an install CD from the Debian website. I usually go for the NetInst CD. The Debian installer (at time of writing) has a familiar curses-based interface with fairly self-explanatory options (see figure 2). Follow the instructions and then reboot when requested.
Once your base system is installed you can install the specific packages you need. The installer has package collections aimed at particular tasks. Figure 2 shows this screen and, as an example, the web server collection will install
apache2 and the file server collection will install
Samba. Obviously you won't be needing the Desktop Environment collection. This is a server and contrary to what certain software companies believe, running a GUI is a waste of resources. Any packages not included at this stage, such as
dhcp, can be installed using
apt-get at the command line. I installed the current stable distribution. You can of course install the testing distribution if you prefer. I would advise against using something like Debian's unstable distribution on a mission centric server like this.
Contrary to what certain software companies believe, running a GUI is a waste of resources for a server
Note that you may have particular preferences for some services, Procmail instead of Exim, for example. Debian usually has packages for these but supplies certain ones by default. This is not the place for a debate on why they have made those choices. Feel free to join the Debian mailing lists if you want to enter that debate. ;o).
If selected, the installer helps you configure the mail server as shown in figure 3. It does a good job of helping you setup the basics with well laid out options.
There's no GUI so configuration is with a console based text editor. Debian packages have config files under
/etc in fairly obviously named files. What I don't have room for here is detailed instructions for the exact setup for each package, so I'll just layout the options I used for each package where it usually differs from the default installation.
Samba, installed as part of the file server collection, essentially mimics a Windows server with regard to providing shared directories and printers. The Windows clients (and generally their users) remain largely oblivious to the fact that the shared directories are not on a Windows server. Each user's home directory and any CUPS printers are shared by default. In addition to these, I usually add a [public] share (mapped to
/home/public) which is browse-able and has no user restrictions. You can setup default and specific permission masks for shares.
Apache is setup with a single site. The ADSL router/firewall is set to block inbound access to port 80 thus only the clients can access the web server. If you want a public facing website you might be better to host it across something more stable than a domestic ADSL line.
Keeping your server up-to-date is vital if you are to keep on top of security issues and package bugs. Debian provides a simple method for this via
apt. It will update installed packages, and the operating system itself, on-the-fly and need a reboot only if you update the kernel or modules. This means that you should never need to reinstall your system and updating an application does not require server downtime. You can, of course, setup a cron job to update your system overnight but perhaps a safer strategy is to use the
-d option for
apt which will download the required updates ready for you to install them at your convenience.
You should never need reinstall your system and updating a package does not require server downtime
Let someone else do the hard bit
Sometimes you don't have the time for a DIY server and this is where a custom distribution comes in. SME Server is based on the popular enterprise level Cent OS. The idea of a custom-made distribution is to provide everything you need on a single CD. The downside of this is that you have little choice in the packages used. Deviating from the standard install is possible but, of course, it makes it more difficult when it comes to upgrading later. Updating a custom distro will often require booting from a new CD. This requires server downtime and thus is best done outside of working hours.
The SME Server installer is another curses-based affair and walks you very easily through each step. Rebooting, as requested, then leads you to package installation and server setup. By the end you are left with a working server ready for you to setup the details, like users and shares. The whole process took around half an hour. Figure 4 shows one of the later options where you choose whether your server is a server only or a gateway as well and whether to enable the firewall.
Of the two options I've discussed, SME Server wins hands down for ease of configuration. It comes with an administration console, which can be accessed via a local web interface, a curses-based console at the server, or via ssh. Figure 5 shows a typical web-based screen. Pretty much everything can be configured from within here, which makes this a perfect choice if you are less comfortable on the command line. That said, you are limited to the configuration choices decided by the SME Server maintainers.
Mail transport is handled by qmail. Fetchmail is also provided and it is easy to setup a maildrop from a single ISP account. The web interface provides a webmail client as well. SME Server uses the concept of i-bays which double as both folder shares and directories within the intranet. This makes it very easy for staff to make files available to each other via SMB or the intranet. Setting up a website is trivial using the administration console.
SME Server wins hands down for ease of configuration
SSH access is available within SME Server although enabling remote access to the administration console also enables root logins. This particular hole can be closed but not through administration console so unless you are handy with the command line I would suggest you leave admin logins disabled. If you do make the required changes, then be prepared to keep a note/backup of them because when you upgrade they could well be overwritten.
For any machine a backup is vital. This is more so for a server where the data is not only more extensive but has more stakeholders in it. Most insurance and business continuity plans require backups be removed from the premises. On-line backup solutions exist which meet this but for a small server like this I would suggest it's more cost-effective to use removable media such as tape or optical discs.
SME Server provides backup facilities to both tape (using flexbackup) and to a desktop client. There is a 2GB maximum limit on backup to desktop and if you are backing up to tape make sure you are using one of the supported tape drives. Flexbackup is also a Debian package so you can install it on the DIY server if you want. There are other solutions, like Amanda. SMEServer does not support optical devices so instead of using the built-in backup solution be prepared to write your own. Personally, I have a set of scripts using tar which I recycle from server to server.
Whether you choose a custom distribution or a do-it-yourself option, a server based on free software has tremendous advantages. Firstly, you can have complete control over each package used and how it is setup. Secondly, the server will grow with you but without additional licence hassles. And thirdly, the level of uptime for free software servers is, in my experience, a lot higher than proprietary alternatives.
Servers do not have the same needs (e.g. a GUI, music or video applications) as desktop machines and thus the traditional arguments for not using free software are, in my view, nullified. With greater control, arguably better security and no licence worries, using a free software server could end up being a better use of your time, resources and money.
- Debian GNU/Linux— main website — NetInst CD download
- SME Server— main website — community support
- Samba
- Exim
- QMail
- Fetchmail
- Cups
- Apache
i like the article;
but it flew over the entire scenario without going into the details like an expert would do!
i am not talking about dictating options like select-this and select-that but a general detailed overview of the various services/daemons, typical-scenarious is way better than a sweeping view of everything!
Keep up the good work
if only there was room
I'd have loved to include more detail on the daemon's etc. but it simply of a case of not enough room. The main purpose was to give a hint as to what is possible with free software. Also I wanted very much to compare the two ways of approaching it rather than explain how to specifically do either. Again this was mostly a space restriction.
FWIW I am currently updating my HOWTO for tldp which was written in 2000 and last update about four years ago. I'll be doing it based on the stuff I've written about here, with more detail on the Debian rather than the SME Server side of things.
But okay - let's throw this out then. A recent poll here suggested people wanted more HOWTO type articles. So how many people are interested in the idea of a more detailed "How to setup a LAN server using Debian" article? Assuming I use the setup described here as a basis what else would you want included?
Post your comments here.
Well if you would like ideas
Well if you would like ideas I would love to see an article about setting up single sign and a domain for your home using a debian based distro.
well written
hey this is one of well written article I read after many days. keep it up
-Stella Roy
Debian, hmmm...
As soon as I think of building this server, I think of other articles I've read online. Most of the articles mention the use of Suse or Ubuntu. My experience (very little) has been with Ubuntu, for the Server method. I like the looks of this Debian software selection, to specifically choose Web and/or Print and/or File Server, etc. Seems like any easy way to get things up and running. Setting up mail seems a little difficult, and perhaps the majority of people wouldn't need this option (maybe just me ?). For the backups, I'm currently using rsnapshot, it seems to work well. But nice intro article. Thanks.
Other distro's
I've used SuSE in the past but find the package update process in Debian much better. A particular tip is to install apt-listbugs (
apt-get install apt-listbugs) which retrieves and display brief details of bugs listed for the packages you want to install. Really useful if you are running testing (or unstable if not on a server).
I looked at Ubuntu for this but found it added little to the Debian way I was used to.
Setting up mail can be tricky regardless of how you do it and there is an argument which says that is for good reason. It is made easier by the install guide shown which really comes down to understanding the options shown. This is turn requires a little more understanding of MTAs in general - never a bad thing if you are deploying one. Of course if your server is not serving mail to anyone then you can probably install smail (
apt-get install smail ) which makes it trivial to just forward non-local mail to your SMTP relay of choice.
More detailed how-to would be great
Nice article!
I would be very interested in a more detailed how to setup article, if possible.
I am new to Linux and wish to learn as much as possible.
FreeBSD is way better for a server like this :)
FreeBSD is way better for a server like this :)
Appreciate the presence of the smiley but you can't make a statement like that and leave it at that. I've never used FreeBSD - generate some discussion - convince me.
FreeBSD is about a 15 minute install. It uses sysinstall which is one of the easiest to work with. Once setup, the following commands as root and the server you have listed here is online.
pkg_add -r samba
echo smbd_enabled="YES" >> /etc/rc.conf
echo nmbd_enabled="YES" >> /etc/rc.conf
nmdb -D
smdb -D
from there, you can connect to a GUI for samba that is very intuitive, you can create users and shares easily at the address 127.0.0.1:901 Also the samba pkg_add will automatically install all dependencies like CUPS or what not.
sendmail is installed by default, so no worry about that. frankly it comes down to this. FreeBSD packages and ports are updated within two days or less on the updates of the most popular applications. apt-get is nice, but I remember having to compile PHP by source because they weren't exactly planning on adding the updated package for it anytime soon. and unlike debian, ALL the packages are stored on the FreeBSD server, I never have to add repositories like I had to on Debian to install some applications. every application I've ever needed has been ported over from linux to FreeBSD, and it also has linux 2.6 binary compatibility in the -CURRENT release.
U want an all purpose server? Cheap as, reliable and multi-puropse for mid ranged company?
Go with a Sun Fire X2200 M2. Cheap, and with Gentoo (or whatever), you can do whatever you want with it, add raid 0 (unfortunately soft). It's a perfect DNS srv, DHCP, Postfix, web (clusterized or not), mysql standalone or whatever else, for like 2.5K US for dual core dual cpu.
I love that thing :)
I was surprised to see you
I was surprised to see you had suggested installing Debian. Kudos to you for picking the "best" distro!
The perfect network server
I'm chuckling because I was asked to exactly excute the scenario you outlined above two week ago for a small business client.
I set up ubuntu 6.04 LTS server on a surplus AMD 1200 MHZ with 750 MB RAM. Topped it off with a coating of Xbuntu so those that were "Terminally" challenged could still access it!
Grabbed a Dynamic-assigned domain from DYNDns and set up Apache.
Set up Samba to allow the rest of the XP challenged office to access file shares.
Worked perfectly the fisrt time. Took about 5 hours but as it was the first time I had set up a server was very pleased with the result, as was the client.
File Server Efficiency (Disks and RAM)
I use Fileserver for 5 clients. Disks are mounted to clients by nfs. Configuration is PentiumIII 1000MHz, 512MB RAM, two IDE/ATA hard disks, not RAID but working in some way parallel. I want to briefly share my experience. The processor is fast enough. Network have to be 1Gbit/s. Because of /home is shared by nfs it should be SCSI with very low access time. And as much RAM as possible (for disk cache). Of course too much RAM costs too much. However 2 - 16 GB I think is reasonable choice. Also you need to thing about how you place data on disks.
VMWare Server
I'm currently using VMWare server to host SME and a web server using unbuntu as the host and guest (for the web server).
For a small site I find this very useful. Backups are easy, just zip the files for the virtual server. If the main machines goes down, then getting the virtual server up and running on another machine is easy, takes 5 minutes.
Running the server on a dual pentium 4 2.8Ghz, with 1 gig of ram.
GUIs always needed.
"Contrary to what certain software companies believe, running a GUI is a waste of resources for a server"
This presumes:
- the admin is 100% completely able to solve any problem, any time. Without the need to reference _any_ outside resources. Now and in the future. Forever.
- no outside connectivity is needed.
I'm not saying:
- it has to run all the time.
- it has to be significant. xfce?
- it has to be fast.
But it has to be there:
- when trouble happens you have to be able to use web resources and read documents, e.g. .pdf, to solve the problem. Especially if the machine has a problem particular to its configuration that you can't easily duplicate on a spare test machine.
- lynx just won't do it all the time.
Better to have it in and solid up front at install time, than in an emergency where (a) you may not have network connectivity to be able to install it, (b) you can never tell if installation is going to impact or change the situation of the current emergency problem.
You cannot presume up front that a GUI will never be needed, ever. To do so is just foolhardy. Better to have it there, up front, just in case, so you know when problems arise that it is not part of the problem.
Yes, Windows needs it, because not everything is configurable from the command line. But it's getting better. [Better, even now, to have a second partition with a minimal windows install, so you can boot into it and affect the production install, when you have to do so but can't due to files open, registry, or whatever, from the production OS partition.]
When you're in an emergency / down situation, that is not the time to have to think about how to get in place the resources you need to investigate and examine the problem, before you can actually get to the problem.
Particularly if, as the target audience of this article is, you're a new Linux admin.
I stand by what I said
I assure you it is not. :o)
This presumes:
- the admin is 100% completely able to solve any problem, any time. Without the need to reference _any_ outside resources. Now and in the future. Forever.
It does not presume that the admin must be 100% completely able to... - that would be foolish. I run servers without GUIs all the time - always, every day. Never needed a GUI yet.
What I do not presume is that the admin needs to be sitting in front of the server to administer it and I should have said this.
I do all my administration via ssh (Secure Shell) with RSA keys. Rarely do I need to sit in front of the server and rarely do I therefore need to access web pages from within it for configuration issues.
Should I need to access _any_ outside resources I do - on the same machine I am connecting from.
- no outside connectivity is needed.
Why would you need a GUI to connect to or from the outside? We run several remote servers sitting behind firewall devices which permit access via ssh. These servers do not have _any_ GUI installed and they never will have.
Again - running a GUI on an this kind of server is a waste of resources. Why use up RAM and processing power keeping a GUI loaded (regardless of it's footprint) when you don't need it. Even having one installed and starting it when required seems a waste when it can be done via command line or web front-end.
Better to have it in and solid up front at install time, than in an emergency where (a) you may not have network connectivity to be able to install it, (b) you can never tell if installation is going to impact or change the situation of the current emergency problem.
a) Why would I need to install it?
b) Installation of the GUI? Then don't install it. If you mean a package update or installation then I suggest you have not used Debian's apt system very much. You are told exactly what will be updated, what will be newly installed and what will be removed. You can even haev it report open bugs for you before you proceed. Not that I'd expect any significant ones in a Debian stable system. SME Server requires full server unavailability when updating the whole distribution by CD.
I have re-read what you say but I still cannot see how any of this is an argument for needing a GUI - honestly. So far you have not laid out a reason to have a GUI installed other than "it might come in handy". Handy for what? Configuration? Troubleshooting? I can do these by command line, remotely and quickly. Please explain what tasks on a server specifically require a GUI.
You cannot presume up front that a GUI will never be needed, ever. To do so is just foolhardy. Better to have it there, up front, just in case, so you know when problems arise that it is not part of the problem.
I can and do presume it. I do not presume it lightly, however. It is based upon years of doing this without a GUI. I have never ( repeat _never_ ) found myself needing or wanting a GUI when troubleshooting a server. Indeed when the problem is your graphics driver or mouse, becoming dependant upon a GUI will just create a bigger headache. A command-line interface is the lowest common denominator here.
Yes, Windows needs it, because not everything is configurable from the command line.
Of course Windows needs it - this was my point. A Windows based server will require a GUI and the associated resources to run it. A Free software based server ( running Debian, SME Server, FreeBSD whatever ) does NOT require a GUI. When I said "Contrary to what certain software companies believe, running a GUI is a waste of resources for a server", the software company was of course Microsoft. The argument I am making is that just because we are told by Microsoft that a GUI is needed does not mean ALL servers need one. Indeed beyond configuration I would doubt the GUI is needed for a Windows server (that is day to day serving files or mail does not a GUI). Which may explain why I have seen so many with a 17" monitor switched off and sitting above them. So therefore running a full GUI on a server when you only need it if something goes wrong is a waste of resources.
When you're in an emergency / down situation, that is not the time to have to think about how to get in place the resources you need to investigate and examine the problem, before you can actually get to the problem.
I agree but I fail to see what this has to do with a GUI. Troubleshooting via log files, command-line feedback etc. is all possible and often more informative than GUI flashing lights and dialog boxes. When a machine is down and I really need to be in front of it I can put a dusty old 14" CRT monitor on it if I want to and then I can use it. Using a GUI requires additional resources - some of them inside the server some of them plugged into it.
Particularly if, as the target audience of this article is, you're a new Linux admin.
Again I agree and again I see no reason for this to result in installing a GUI. SME Server as mentioned in the article has a remotely accessed web interface which enables you to administer your server without touching the command line. For new (by which I take it you mean beginner) Linux admins
I would recommend that but it still does not run a GUI. X is not installed at all.
As do I. (I stand by what I said)
> I assure you it is not. :o)
I disagree. I assure you it is.
> I run servers without GUIs all the time
OK. YOU do. But this article is intended for those who have no experience, and have never dealt with such servers. And YOU won't be around for every reader who goes and implements what the article suggests.
You are falling into a few traps that I see repeatedly. They are typical of vendors: _I_ know what I'm doing, and _my_ implementation will never change. This is not a shot, just my experience. Inevitably I have had to come along afterwards and blow up (expand) their nice, neat, tidy, installations, because the unexpected has happened, or is suddenly required, and what I'm familiar with, or think I need, to solve a problem, isn't there. From a long term maintenance perspective. Sometimes bringing that install up to 'my standards', including installing things I might not need now, but I sure want in place just in case, breaks things - because the original installer had tunnel vision.
Change _always_ happens, eventually, and, just as _eventually_ it will be done by someone else.
Throughout your response you say _I_ this and that. When you get hit by a bus, what about the next guy, who may know nothing?
> Should I need to access _any_ outside resources I do - on the same machine I am connecting from.
You presume you have access to outside resources, to get into the machine in the first place. You also presume that the next emergency problem solver has your level of competence to be able to solve the problem, and that solving the problem won't involve sucking up an external fixit utility to work directly on the problem machine, because that's how the newbie who has to fix it _right now_ knows, or can find, how to deal with it.
The article deals with new installations by new people. People who if not actually uncomfortable with the command line, certainly won't have a breadth of knowledge necessary to deal with the problem in the environment you suggest.
> These servers do not have _any_ GUI installed and they never will have.
Because the company has decided to implement things that way, and, more importantly, the company has decided to maintain a staff with the necessary expertise to maintain those installations. This is not whom the article is directed to. Such a company wouldn't even read this article. They are already well beyond it.
> It is based upon years of doing this without a GUI.
Hardware is cheaper than people. Peace of mind has a cost. I didn't say run X, merely make sure it is there. In a down situation, resource consumption is your last concern, having in place any possible resource you, the new guy, might need, is the first concern.
This article is an introduction for new people never having done this before. I don't disagree with your comments in the context of experienced admins., however, how was that experience gained? I would guess, given your comments, in an environment where you had similar machines already, to examine and as a basis of confidence as to how to go forward. I would also guess that you had people around you with expertise to draw upon as you worked to figure things out.
The point of the article is for those who have never done such, have nobody around, and have only the web to draw upon. No outside dollars for consultants. Typically, their test machine is their live environment. It has to be solved, _here_, _now_. The article reader doesn't know how - they will have to, at least, browse the web. From that machine.
I don't say the _next_ machine they do will need it. Only the first one. As their expertise and confidence grows, they will need less and less.
But for that first one - hardware is cheap, and software seldom really pushes it to the max. For, at most, a few MB of memory (in this age of GB memory), a few MB of disk space (in this age of TB disks), a few MHz of CPU (in this age of GHz CPU), save yourself some aggravation and irritation up front - put in a GUI. Maybe you'll never need it, for no big loss. But for you, the new user, even if only for a comfort pillow, put it in.
You'll be glad you did. This time. Maybe not the next.
Why I have presented two options
I have deliberately presented two options here.
The first, Debian, one requires command-line knowledge and, shall we say, an enthusiasm for it would help as would a knowledge of what you are doing. So if you have no idea what BIND is I would suggest configuring it manually is going to take longer.
The second, SME-server does not require any[1] command-line work at all. Everything can be done via a web interface from a local machine OR from a text, curses-based console at the server itself.
Neither of these install X. It's also worth noting that the Ubuntu server does not include X by default and many custom server GNU/Linux distro's do not either. It would seem I am not alone not using GUIs on servers and on a small scale one (say 128MB RAM) I would still not recommend one.
If the admin has an allergic reaction to the command line (and what GUI user doesn't when they first encounter it) then I suggest SME-server or similar.
[1] Okay - you have to be able to type an admin username and password when prompted to.
I hear you.
OK. I hear you.
But - I would bet money that people are far more likely to install Ubuntu (non-server), Kubuntu (non-server) even more likely, play, and add services, than load a server distro.
You have not addressed any of my points with respect to the audience to whom the article is addressed to.
You still presume network connectivity to be able to run a web client (GUI) on another machine, to read pages from a machine that may not be able to communicate to you.
Your points are all valid - just not for, IMO, the target audience of the article.
okay then...
You have not addressed any of my points with respect to the audience to whom the article is addressed to.
I was going to then I realised my reply was far too long so I cut it down a little :o)
FWIW when I proposed/wrote this piece I had a particular set of users in mind - with two distinct subsets.
Firstly, they would not be absolute beginners. It is wise to have a certain understanding of network technologies (even if it's knowing that those technologies exist and what they do). This is why the article is the the Hacker's code section and labelled Intermediate. These people would have maybe used or fiddled with proprietary servers before - or deployed a peer-to-peer desktop PC as a "server". Bottom line: terms like POP, SMTP, DNS etc. would not be foreign to them.
Secondly, they would be looking to see if their server needs could be fulfilled by Free Software and what types of Free Software server solutions were out there.
That gives us our general set of users. Within that I was hoping to address two groups:
a) those who had installed GNU/Linux a few times and were familiar with the command line but just had never done a server because it seemed too complex.
b) those who had used GNU/LInux/Free Software at Desktop level and were happy with installing - say - Windows from a CD. They had not installed GNU/Linux from scratch before but understand what partitions, RAM and DNS etc. are.
The Debian option was aimed at group a), the SME-server at group b).
You still presume network connectivity to be able to run a web client (GUI) on another machine, to read pages from a machine that may not be able to communicate to you.
Yes I do but then so do you if you are expecting to browse the web from the server - as you mentioned. In addition many of the packages used within a server environment are unlikely to have desktop-based help pages. You are more likely to have to wade through.
Finally - have a look at the typical network diagram shown. The Internet connectivity is supplied via an ADSL Modem/Router and not the server. I would expect the server and PCs on the LAN to gain access to the web via that. Granted the server could provide gateway and DNS services but for simplicity in smaller environments I have tended to use router/modems.
While I am here, you have also said this...
You are falling into a few traps that I see repeatedly. They are typical of vendors: _I_ know what I'm doing, and _my_ implementation will never change. This is not a shot, just my experience. Inevitably I have had to come along afterwards and blow up (expand) their nice, neat, tidy, installations, because the unexpected has happened, or is suddenly required, and what I'm familiar with, or think I need, to solve a problem, isn't there.
Firstly, by placing expectations of a GUI on the system you are also saying "your" implementation is what is "required".
Secondly, there is a reason I use SME-server and Debian.
SME-server can be administered by people less confident/skilled/experienced than myself with a few simple instructions on how to access it. It really can. I usually deploy this where it is unlikely the organisation is going to be able to (or have the funds to) replace me if I go. Updates, configuration, administration are all done in the standard recommended way for SME-server. Anyone unfamiliar with it (but familiar with networking and server terminologies/technologies) can quite easily configure an SME-server. If they don't pick it up from the easy-to-follow web interface then they can browse the host of good documentation on the website. Yes this expects a web connection but so does a lot of documentation these days.
For the Debian installs I use standard Debian packages, configured in the standard Debian way and locations, If I install Exim4 it is done via apt and the config files are in /etc/exim4 . In this way not only can someone who has configured/administered Debian before carry on where I left off with minimal learning curve, they can also apply package updates knowing that I have done nothing out of the ordinary which the update might break.
Thirdly - when I install a server I make very sure the people there either, have the skills to carry on after me (that I will train people to add users via the SME web interface) or I make sure they are able to acquire the services of someone who can. It is on that basis that I decide which option to roll out.
Tool used for network diagram
Could you please tell me which tool you used for the network diagram on the first page (http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/files/www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/nodes/1774/ss/figure1.jpg)?
I liked the network icons and would be glad if you could share them.
free software of course :o)
I used OpenOffice Draw to create the diagram. The images came from the OpenClipart library. http://www.openclipart.org but the site was down for maintenance when I wrote this. I got it by installing the Debian package (openclipart_openoffice.org)