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Agrégateur de flux
Don Armstrong: H3ABioNet Hackathon (Workflows)
I'm in Pretoria, South Africa at the H3ABioNet hackathon which is developing workflows for Illumina chip genotyping, imputation, 16S rRNA sequencing, and population structure/association testing. Currently, I'm working with the imputation stream and we're using Nextflow to deploy an IMPUTE-based imputation workflow with Docker and NCSA's openstack-based cloud (Nebula) underneath.
The OpenStack command line clients (nova and cinder) seem to be pretty usable to automate bringing up a fleet of VMs and the cloud-init package which is present in the images makes configuring the images pretty simple.
Now if I just knew of a better shared object store which was supported by Nextflow in OpenStack besides mounting an NFS share, things would be better.
You can follow our progress in our git repo: [https://github.com/h3abionet/chipimputation]
Mediacurrent: "Shrop" Talk at Drupal Camp Asheville 2016
On August 13th, I had the pleasure of enjoying another Drupal Camp Asheville. This has become one of my favorite Drupal camps because of the location and quality of camp organization. It has the right balance of structure, while maintaining a grassroots feel that encourages open discussion and sharing.
Drupal Bits at Web-Dev: Hook Update Deploy Tools: Node import FAQs
Using the Drupal module Hook Update Deploy Tools to move node content can be an important part to a deployment strategy.
- How do I export and import nodes using Hook Update Deploy Tools? >> Read the project page or a quick how-to.
- What is the unique ID that connects an export to an import?
- What are the risks of this import export model?
- What if I am using an entity reference or a taxonomy that does not exist on production?
- Does the import show up as a revision?
- What happens if the import does not validate?
- What if the alias or path is already in use by another node?
- What if the alias or path is already in use by a View or used by a menu router?
- Is there a limit to the number of nodes that can be imported this way?
To create the export file, the node id is used to create the file. After that, the filename and 'unique id' references the alias of that node. So when you import the node, the node id on the production site will be determined by looking up the alias of the node. If a matching alias is found, that is the node that gets updated. If no matching alias is found, a new node gets created. The alias becomes the unique id.What are the risks of this import export model?
At present the known risks are:
- If the exported node uses entity references that do not exist on prod, the entity reference will either not be made, or reference an entity that is using that entity id on prod. This can be mitigated by exporting your source node while using a recent copy of the production DB.
- If the exported node uses taxonomy terms that do not exist on prod, the tag may import incorrectly. This can be mitigated by exporting your source node while using a recent copy of the production DB.
- if you are using pathato and the existing pattern on the production site is different than the pattern on your sandbox. The imported node will end up with a different alias, resulting in an invalid import. The imported node will be deleted since it failed validation and the hook_update_N will fail. This can be mitigated by exporting your source node while using a recent copy of the production DB.
- File attachments. There is currently not a way to bring attached files along with them unless the files already exist with a matching fid on production.
See answers 1 and 2 in What are the risks of this import export model?Does the import show up as a revision?
Yes it does, and the revison note contains the imported note, but also indicates it was imported with Hook Update Deploy Tools. The revision will take on the status of the exported node. If the exported node was unpublished, the impoirted revision will be unpublished.What happens if the import does not validate?
If the import was to an existing node, the update revision wil be deleted and return the node to its last published revision. If the import was for a node that did not exist on the site, the node and its first revision will be deleted. In either case, if the import was run through a hook_update_N, that update will fail and allow it to be re-run once the issue is resolved.What if the alias or path is already in use by another node?
If the alias is in use by a node, that node will be updated by the import. The alias is the unique id that links them not the nid.What if the alias or path is already in use by a View or used by a menu router?
If the alias is in use on the site by something other than a node, the import will be prevented. If the import is being run by a hook_update_N() then the update will fail and can be run when the issue is resolved.Is there a limit to the number of nodes that can be imported this way?
Technically, there is no real limit. Realistically, it is not a great workflow to move all of your content this way. It is not a good workflow. This export import method is best reserved for mission critical pages like forms or thankyou pages that go along with a Feature deployment. It is also good for pages that often get destroyed during early site development like style guides and example pages.
WDTutorials.com: Drupal 8 Tutorial #43 : Twig Tweak Module (Article + Video)
DrupalEasy: DrupalEasy Podcast 184 - PMA (Marc Drummond - Next Steps in Drupal Theming)
Marc Drummond (mdrummond), Front-end developer at Lullabot, Drupal core contributor, and self-processed Star Wars expert joins Kelley and Mike to discuss all the things the Drupal front-end community has been talking about lately. We also discuss the next major version of Drupal, whether or not a major Drupal contrib module will be deprecated, as well as our picks of the week.Interview
- https://www.marcdrummond.com
- Component-based rendering
- How would we implement this in Drupal? (contrib: Zen + Components?)
- Create a new user-facing core theme
- How can people get involved in components and/or the new theme? Drupaltwig on Slack
- Is Composer too hard?, Will Composer be a barrier for sitebuilders?
- Writing tests for Drupal
- Responsive images
- Liberty theme
- Windup theme
- The Fall, 2016 session of Drupal Career Online begins September 26; applications are now open.
- Introduction to Drupal 8 Module Development at DrupalCon Dublin.
- Proposal: Deprecate Field Collections for Drupal 8, focus on Entity Reference Revisions & Paragraphs.
- The Average Web Page (Data from Analyzing 8 Million Websites).
- There will never be a Drupal 9 vs. There will be a Drupal 9, and here is why.
- MyDropWizard.com - Long-term-support services for Drupal 6, 7, and 8 sites.
- WebEnabled.com - devPanel.
- Mike - Smart Trim module.
- Kelley - Drupal Security Team shield on Drupal.org project pages. I'm looking at you, Typogrify and Administration Menu!
- Marc - Making web accessibility great again: Auditing the US Presidential Candidates Websites for Accessibility, and nested doc root on Pantheon.
- Midwest Drupal Summit - August 19-21, 2016.
- DrupalCon Dublin - September 26-30, 2016.
- NEDCamp September 30 - October 1, 2016.
- Disney
- Docker for Mac
- Writing a fantasy novel
- Llama
- DrupalCamp Twin Cities
- Chunk-y Town - performed by Marc Drummond at Twin Cities DrupalCamp 2016.
Subscribe to our podcast on iTunes, Google Play or Miro. Listen to our podcast on Stitcher.
If you'd like to leave us a voicemail, call 321-396-2340. Please keep in mind that we might play your voicemail during one of our future podcasts. Feel free to call in with suggestions, rants, questions, or corrections. If you'd rather just send us an email, please use our contact page.
Gábor Hojtsy: Want to get issues resolved in Drupal core? Find community with an initiative!
In my previous post I explained why there will be a Drupal 9 even though we have previously unseen possibilities to add new things within Drupal 8.x.y. Now I'd like to dispel another myth, that initiatives are only there to add those new things.
Drupal 8 introduced initiatives to the core development process with the intention that even core development became too big to follow, understand or really get involved with in general. However because there are key areas that people want to work in, it makes sense to set up focused groups to organize work in those areas and support each other in those smaller groups. So initiatives like Configuration Management, Views in Core, Web Services, Multilingual, etc. were set up and mostly worked well, not in small part because it is easier to devote yourself to improving web services capabilities or multilingual support as opposed to "make Drupal better". Too abstract goals are harder to sign up for, a team with a thousand people is harder to feel a member of.
Given the success of this approach, even after the release of Drupal 8.0.0, we continued using this model and there are now several groups of people working on making things happen in Drupal 8.x. Ongoing initiatives include API-first, Media, Migrate, Content Workflows and so on. Several of these are primarily working on fixing bugs and plugging holes. A significant part of Migrate and API-first work to date was about fixing bugs and implementing originally intended functionality for example.
The wonder of these initiatives is they are all groups of dedicated people who are really passionate about that topic. They not only have plan or meta issues linked in the roadmap but also have issue tags and have regular meeting times. The Drupal 8 core calendar is full of meetings happening almost every single workday (that said, somehow people prefer Wednesdays and avoid Fridays).
If you have an issue involving usability, a bug with a Drupal web service API, a missing migration feature and so on, your best choice is to bring it to the teams already focused on the topics. The number and diverse areas of teams already in place gives you a very good chance that whatever you are intending to work on is somehow related to one or more of them. And since no issue will get done by one person (you need a reviewer and a committer at minimum), your only way to get something resolved is to seek interested parties as soon as possible. Does it sound like you are demanding time from these folks unfairly? I don't think so. As long as you are genuinely interested to solve the problem at hand, you are in fact contributing to the team which is for the benefit of everyone. And who knows, maybe you quickly become an integral team member as well.
Thanks for contributing and happy team-match finding!
Ps. If your issue is no match for an existing team, the friendly folks at #drupal-contribute in IRC are also there to help.
Zyxware Technologies: [Drupal-8] How to send a mail programmatically in Drupal-8
This article covers, how to send email programmatically in your Drupal 8 site. There are two main steps to send an email using Drupal 8. First we need to implement hook_mail() to define email templates and the second step is to use the mail manager to send emails using these templates. Let's see an example for sending an email from the custom module, also the following name spaces.DrupalDrupal 8Drupal Planet
Unimity Solutions Drupal Blog: Identification of an Open Source Video Annotations Tool for NVLI
As mentioned in our earlier blog on Video Annotations: A powerful and innovative tool for education, the most intriguing feature of the pilot version of NVLI is Video Annotation. UniMity Solutions assisted in building Annotation feature for Audio and Video assets. This involved identifying and integrating an open plugin that supported video and audio annotations and a generic annotation store module that was plugin agnostic.
Zlatan Todorić: Take that boredom
While I was bored on Defcon, I took the smallest VPS in DO offering (512MB RAM, 20GB disk), configured nginx on it, bought domain zlatan.tech and cp'ed my blog data to blog.zlatan.tech. I thought it will just be out of boredom and tear it apart in a day or two but it is still there.
Not only that, the droplet came with Debian 8.5 but I just added unstable and experimental to it and upgraded. Just to experiment and see what time will I need to break it. To make it even more adventurous (and also force me to not take it too much serious, at least at this point) I did something on what Lars would scream - I did not enable backups!
While having fun with it I added letsencrypt certificate to it (wow, that was quite easy).
Then I installed and configured Tor. Ende up adding an .onion domain for it! It is: pvgbzphm622hv4bo.onion
My main blog is still going to be zgrimshell.github.io (for now at least) where I push my Nikola (static site generator written in python) generated content as git commits. To my other two domains (on my server) I just rsync the content now. Simple and efficient.
I must admit I like my blog layout. It is simple, easy to read, efficient and fast, I don't bother with comments and writing a blog in markdown (inside terminal as all good behaving hacker citizen) while compiling it with Nikola is breeze (and yes, I did choose Nikola because of Nikola Tesla and python). Also I must admit that nginx is pretty nice webserver, no need to explain the beauty of git but I can't recommend enough of rsync.
If anyone is interested in doing the same I am happy to talk about it but these tools are really simple (as I enjoy simple things and by simple I mean small tools, no complicated configs and easy execution).
Drupal Bits at Web-Dev: Import nodes as as part of deployment using Hook Update Deploy Tools
With the 7.x-1.18 release of Hook Update Deploy Tools for Drupal 7 it is now possible to export a node on a development sandbox, commit the export file to the repository, then import it using either a hook_update_N() or using drush site-deploy-import node
- No need to re-create a node on prod after a client approves it.
- Early content that keeps getting wiped out by database snapshots (think style guides) can get re-created instantly with a single drush command.
- Content imported into an existing node shows up as a revision.
- Atomated deployment is testable and repeatable on all dev environments.
- No uuid required.
You have a styleguide you created on your sandbox and want to deploy it to the production site.
- Create the node on your sandbox (node id = 1234).
- Export the node to an export file.
drush site-deploy-export 1234
- The command created an export file named for the alias of the node being exported
ex: site-deploy/node_source/helpzZzstyle-guide.txt ('zZz' represents '/')
- Create a hook_update_N() to import the file on deployment
* Import a the style guide
function site_deploy_update_7129() {
$nodes = array('help/style-guide');
$message = HookUpdateDeployTools\Nodes::import($nodes);
return $message;
- Commit the file and update hook to your repo.
- Push the code, run 'drush updb'
Site_deploy 7129 Import a the style guide
Site_deploy: Updated: node/1234: help/style-guide - successful.
Summary: Imported Nodes 1/1. Completed the following:
[help/style-guide] => Updated: node/1234
Performed update: site_deploy_update_7129
or the import can be performed bydrush site-deploy-import help/style-guide
Drupal @ Penn State: Drupal 8 Theme Generation and Development Intro Using the Drupal Console
Here is a screen cast of how to get started with Drupal 8 theme development.
In the video I cover:
- using the drupal console to generate a theme from a base theme
- creating a libraries yml file
- adding global css to your theme
- Using Kint with the devel module
- debugging twig
- adding your own twig file to your theme
Drupal @ Penn State: Lower the Drupal 8 development barrier to entry by using the Drupal Console to generate boiler plate code.
I admit that I haven't really looked at Drupal 8 too much yet. There is a variety of reasons why I haven't and I surely don't want this to turn into a forum listing the pros and cons of D8. We can leave that for another post.
Drupal @ Penn State: The Care and Feeding of Your Website
A question on the PSU DUG Slack channel got me thinking. How is it that websites are still being constructed at Penn State without any thought being put in as to how its is going to be maintained? Or by whom?
To be clear, I am not talking about content creation or maintenance, but maintaining the code/server/DB/etc. that supports or runs the site? Or to develop new features and functionality, going beyond just updating code or applying security patches. Of course, this is not restricted to Drupal development - there are many other examples.
PreviousNext: Introducing Drush CMI tools
Now we've got the experience of a number of production D8 sites under our belt we took the time to consolidate our CMI workflow into some useful drush commands.
And naturally we've open sourced them.
Read on to find out more about our drush CMI tools.
GVSO Blog: [GSoC 2016: Social API] Week 13: Thanks GSoC!
Students' final evaluations is over, and only mentors' evaluations is left. During these months, I have been working on projects to harmonize social networking functionality in Drupal and documenting them. Notwithstanding, the Social API project started as an idea for a framework —in fact, the main components provide extensible functionality. Therefore, I documented the process of creating new implementers.Tags Drupal Drupal Planet GSoC 2016
Roy Scholten: UX meeting recap
Two meetings every week since end of march this year. Safe to say we've found a consistent rhythm.
And it's working. It's become a useful way to check in on current priorities, review patches while screensharing (visuals, transitions, flows!), decide on next steps and generally discuss hard problems without having to type so much.The agenda for today was
- Roadmap – The core roadmap was updated to current state of things. Use this page to get a bird's eye view on where Drupal core is moving towards.
- Ideation process – The first part of going from idea to plan got positive feedback and helpful questions and suggestions. Maybe a few words from actual maintainers and then we can make it so.
- Status page – We have a beautiful new design that now needs review and more code to create a complete patch. If you know your core markup and CSS, go have a look!
- Block place design update – An issue that iterates the design of an initial commit. We quickly discussed what the feedback should be and I added a comment to that effect right then and there. It's an example of managing scope, pushing to focus on the actual fix first, and defer new, potentially good ideas to a followup discussion.
- Sample content – Kevin shared his initial thoughts and ideas for adding sample content, structure and configuration to core. More questions then answers but that's just where we're at for now. You are welcome to add your questions and ideas, please do.
As always, most welcome to join if you're interested. Find us in the ux channel of the Drupal Slack room, or follow @drupalux on the twitters.Tags: drupaluxuxmeetingdrupalplanetSub title: Topics du jour, how we work, where you can help, the usual
Drupal Blog: Drupal 8.2, now with more outside-in
Over the weekend, Drupal 8.2 beta was released. One of the reasons why I'm so excited about this release is that it ships with "more outside-in". In an "outside-in experience", you can click anything on the page, edit its configuration in place without having to navigate to the administration back end, and watch it take effect immediately. This kind of on-the-fly editorial experience could be a game changer for Drupal's usability.
When I last discussed turning Drupal outside-in, we were still in the conceptual stages, with mockups illustrating the concepts. Since then, those designs have gone through multiple rounds of feedback from Drupal's usability team and a round of user testing led by Cheppers. This study identified some issues and provided some insights which were incorporated into subsequent designs.
Two policy changes we introduced in Drupal 8—semantic versioning and experimental modules—have fundamentally changed Drupal's innovation model starting with Drupal 8. I should write a longer blog post about this, but the net result of those two changes is ongoing improvements with an easy upgrade path. In this case, it enabled us to add outside-in experiences to Drupal 8.2 instead of having to wait for Drupal 9. The authoring experience improvements we made in Drupal 8 are well-received, but that doesn't mean we are done. It's exciting that we can move much faster on making Drupal easier to use.In-place block configuration
As you can see from the image below, Drupal 8.2 adds the ability to trigger "Edit" mode, which currently highlights all blocks on the page. Clicking on one — in this case, the block with the site's name — pops out a new tray or sidebar. A content creator can change the site name directly from the tray, without having to navigate through Drupal's administrative interface to theme settings as they would have to in Drupal 7 and Drupal 8.1.Making adjustments to menus
In the second image, the pattern is applied to a menu block. You can make adjustments to the menu right from the new tray instead of having to navigate to the back end. Here the content creator changes the order of the menu links (moving "About us" after "Contact") and toggles the "Team" menu item from hidden to visible.In-context block placement
In Drupal 8.1 and prior, placing a new block on the page required navigating away from your front end into the administrative back end and noting the available regions. Once you discover where to go to add a block, which can in itself be a challenge, you'll have to learn about the different regions, and some trial and error might be required to place a block exactly where you want it to go.
Starting in Drupal 8.2, content creators can now just click "Place block" without navigating to a different page and knowing about available regions ahead of time. Clicking "Place block" will highlight the different possible locations for a block to be placed in.Next steps
These improvements are currently tagged "experimental". This means that anyone who downloads Drupal 8.2 can test these changes and provide feedback. It also means that we aren't quite satisfied with these changes yet and that you should expect to see this functionality improve between now and 8.2.0's release, and even after the Drupal 8.2.0 release.
As you probably noticed, things still look pretty raw in places; as an example, the forms in the tray are exposing too many visual details. There is more work to do to bring this functionality to the level of the designs. We're focused on improving that, as well as the underlying architecture and accessibility. Once we feel good about how it all works and looks, we'll remove the experimental label.
We deliberately postponed most of the design work to focus on introducing the fundamental concepts and patterns. That was an important first step. We wanted to enable Drupal developers to start experimenting with the outside-in pattern in Drupal 8.2. As part of that, we'll have to determine how this new pattern will apply broadly to Drupal core and the many contributed modules that would leverage it. Our hope is that once the outside-in work is stable and no longer experimental, it will trickle down to every Drupal module. At that point we can all work together, in parallel, on making Drupal much easier to use.
Users have proven time and again in usability studies to be extremely "preview-driven", so the ability to make quick configuration changes right from their front end, without becoming an expert in Drupal's information architecture, could be revolutionary for Drupal.
If you'd like to help get these features to stable release faster, please join us in the outside-in roadmap issue.Thank you
I'd also like to thank everyone who contributed to these features and reviewed them, including Bojhan, yoroy, pwolanin, andrewmacpherson, gtamas, petycomp, zsofimajor,SKAUGHT, nod_, effulgentsia, Wim Leers, catch, alexpott, and xjm.
And finally, a special thank you to Acquia's outside-in team for driving most of the design and implementation: tkoleary, webchick, tedbow, Gábor Hojtsy, tim.plunkett, and drpal.
Acquia's outside-in team celebrating that the outside-in patch was committed to Drupal 8.2 beta. Go team!
Reproducible builds folks: Reproducible Builds: week 69 in Stretch cycle
What happened in the Reproducible Builds effort between Sunday August 14 and Saturday August 20 2016:Fasten your seatbelts
Important note: we enabled build path variation for unstable now, so your package(s) might become unreproducible, while previously it was said to be reproducible… given a specific build path it probably still is reproducible but read on for the details below in the tests.reproducible-builds.org section! As said many times: this is still research and we are working to make it reality.Media coverage
Daniel Stender blogged about python packaging and explained some caveats regarding reproducible builds.Toolchain developments
Thomas Schmitt uploaded xorriso which now obeys SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH. As stated in its man pages:ENVIRONMENT [...] SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH belongs to the specs of reproducible-builds.org. It is supposed to be either undefined or to contain a decimal number which tells the seconds since january 1st 1970. If it contains a number, then it is used as time value to set the default of --modification-date=, --gpt_disk_guid, and --set_all_file_dates. Startup files and program options can override the effect of SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH. Packages reviewed and fixed, and bugs filed
The following packages have become reproducible after being fixed:
- cadencii/3.3.9+svn20110818.r1732-5 by Ying-Chun Liu, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- cfengine3/3.7.4-3 by Antonio Radici.
- findbugs/3.1.0~preview2-1 by Emmanuel Bourg.
- gcpegg/5.1-14 by Bdale Garbee, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- gnunet-gtk/0.10.1-4 by Bertrand Marc, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- konwert/1.8-12 by Yann Dirson, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- link-grammar/5.3.8-2 by Jeremy Bicha, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- metastudent-data/2.0.1-1 by Sascha Steinbiss.
- pixmap/2.6pl4-20 by Paul Slootman, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- python-afl/0.5.4-2 by Daniel Stender.
- tf5/5.0beta8-6 by Russ Allbery, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- triplane/1.0.8-2 by Markus Koschanyover, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- vips/8.3.3-1 by Laszlo Boszormenyi, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- xzgv/0.9.1-4 by Theodore Y. Ts'o, original patch by Chris Lamb.
The following updated packages appear to be reproducible now, for reasons we were not able to figure out. (Relevant changelogs did not mention reproducible builds.)
- vulkan/22.214.171.124+dfsg1-1 by Timo Aaltonen.
The following 2 packages were not changed, but have become reproducible due to changes in their build-dependencies: tagsoup tclx8.4.
Some uploads have addressed some reproducibility issues, but not all of them:
- cappuccino/0.5.1-4 by Breno Leitao, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- darkice/1.3-0.1 by Nicolas Bouleng.
- flask-restful/0.3.5-1 by Ondřej Nový, original patch by Chris Lamb.
- kodi/16.1+dfsg1-2 by Balint Reczey, original patch by Lukas Rechberger.
- libaws/3.3.2-3 by Nicolas Bouleng.
- liblog4ada/1.3-1 by Nicolas Bouleng.
- libxmlezout/1.06.1-8 by Nicolas Bouleng.
- ruby-rmagick/2.15.4+dfsg-2 by Antonio Terceir, original patch from Chris Lamb.
- taggrepper/0.05-2 by Kumar Appaiah, original patch and original patch from Maria Valentina Marin.
- xotcl/1.6.8-2 by Stefan Sobernig, original patch by Chris Lamb.
Patches submitted that have not made their way to the archive yet:
- #834755 against apt-cacher-ng by Chris Lamb.
- #834976 against auto-apt-proxy by Chris Lamb.
- #834549 against botan1.10 by Chris Lamb.
- #834861 against cookiecutter by Chris Lamb.
- #834779 against dicom3tools by Chris Lamb.
- #834859 against echoping by Chris Lamb.
- #834983 against eyed3 by Chris Lamb.
- #834735 against filepp by Chris Lamb.
- #834957 against flashrom by Chris Lamb.
- #834773 against gkrellm by Chris Lamb.
- #834292 against gr-radar by Chris Lamb.
- #834956 against ircd-irc2 by Chris Lamb.
- #834897 against jpy by Chris Lamb.
- #834452 against libdc0 by Chris Lamb.
- #834324 against libnss-ldap by Reiner Herrmann.
- #834945 against libquvi by Chris Lamb.
- #834534 against librep by Chris Lamb.
- #834537 against mozvoikko by Chris Lamb.
- #834857 against nagios-nrpe by Chris Lamb.
- #834316 against openocd by Reiner Herrmann.
- #834993 against oss4 by Reiner Herrmann.
- #834302 against pd-flite by Reiner Herrmann.
- #834754 against phpab by Chris Lamb.
- #834279 against phpldapadmin by Chris Lamb.
- #834277 against pybit by Chris Lamb.
- #834553 against pyicu by Chris Lamb.
- #834541 against ruby-pg by Chris Lamb.
- #835051 against sheepdog by Chris Lamb.
- #834896 against ttf-tiresias by Chris Lamb.
- #834780 against tuxpaint-config by Chris Lamb.
- #834988 against twitter-bootstrap3 by Chris Lamb.
- #834776 against uhub by Chris Lamb.
- #835061 against varnish by Chris Lamb.
Bug tracker house keeping:
- Chris Lamb pinged 164 bugs he filed more than 90 days ago which have a patch and had no maintainer reaction.
55 package reviews have been added, 161 have been updated and 136 have been removed in this week, adding to our knowledge about identified issues.
2 issue types have been updated:
FTBFS bugs have been reported by:
- Chris Lamb (16)
- Santiago Vila (2)
Chris Lamb, Holger Levsen and Mattia Rizzolo worked on diffoscope this week.
Improvements were made to SquashFS and JSON comparison, the https://try.diffoscope.org/ web service, documentation, packaging, and general code quality.
diffoscope 57, 58, and 59 were uploaded to unstable by Chris Lamb. Versions 57 and 58 were both broken, so Holger set up a job on jenkins.debian.net to test diffoscope on each git commit. He also wrote a CONTRIBUTING document to help prevent this from happening in future.
From these efforts, we were also able to learn that diffoscope is now reproducible even when built across multiple architectures:< h01ger> | https://tests.reproducible-builds.org/debian/rb-pkg/unstable/amd64/diffoscope.html shows these packages were built on amd64: < h01ger> | bd21db708fe91c01ba1c9cb35b9d41a7c9b0db2b 62288 diffoscope_59_all.deb < h01ger> | 366200bf2841136a4c8f8c30bdc87057d59a4cdd 20146 trydiffoscope_59_all.deb < h01ger> | and on i386: < h01ger> | bd21db708fe91c01ba1c9cb35b9d41a7c9b0db2b 62288 diffoscope_59_all.deb < h01ger> | 366200bf2841136a4c8f8c30bdc87057d59a4cdd 20146 trydiffoscope_59_all.deb < h01ger> | and on armhf: < h01ger> | bd21db708fe91c01ba1c9cb35b9d41a7c9b0db2b 62288 diffoscope_59_all.deb < h01ger> | 366200bf2841136a4c8f8c30bdc87057d59a4cdd 20146 trydiffoscope_59_all.deb
And those also match the binaries uploaded by Chris in his diffoscope 59 binary upload to ftp.debian.org, yay! Eating our own dogfood and enjoying it!tests.reproducible-builds.org
Debian related:
- show percentage of results in the last 24/48h (h01ger)
- switch python database backend to SQLAlchemy (Valerie)
- vary build path varitation for unstable and experimental for all architectures. (h01ger)
The last change probably will have an impact you will see: your package might become unreproducible in unstable and this will be shown on tracker.debian.org, while it will still be reproducible in testing.
We've done this, because we think reproducible builds are possible with arbitrary build paths. But: we don't think those are a realistic goal for stretch, where we still recommend to use ´.buildinfo´ to record the build patch and then do rebuilds using that path.
We are doing this, because besides doing theoretical groundwork we also have a practical goal: enable users to independently verify builds. And if they only can do this with a fixed path, so be it. For now
To be clear: for Stretch we recommend that reproducible builds are done in the same build path as the "original" build.
Finally, and just for our future references, when we enabled build path variation on Saturday, August 20th 2016, the numbers for unstable were:suite all reproducible unreproducible ftbfs depwait not for this arch blacklisted unstable/amd64 24693 21794 (88.2%) 1753 (7.1%) 972 (3.9%) 65 (0.2%) 95 (0.3%) 10 (0.0%) unstable/i386 24693 21182 (85.7%) 2349 (9.5%) 972 (3.9%) 76 (0.3%) 103 (0.4%) 10 (0.0%) unstable/armhf 24693 20889 (84.6%) 2050 (8.3%) 1126 (4.5%) 199 (0.8%) 296 (1.1%) 129 (0.5%) Misc.
Ximin Luo updated our git setup scripts to make it easier for people to write proper descriptions for our repositories.
This week's edition was written by Ximin Luo and Holger Levsen and reviewed by a bunch of Reproducible Builds folks on IRC.
myDropWizard.com: Survey Results From "Is Drupal Hard?"
A few weeks ago, we had A Survey! Is Drupal Hard?
First of all, thank you for taking the time to answer (even though we had a short-lived technical snafu!). At myDropWizard, we believe in transparency and openness, so I'm going to share the unfiltered data with you - as well as what my thoughts are in interpreting this non-scientific study.The DataSome Issues
- Many of those answering would be biased towards Drupal
- The choices were somewhat arbitrary, and no doubt some were left out
- There was an initial bug in the survey keeping some good data out
- The choice "It's about what I would expect" is probably better labeled as something more along the lines of "an average web developer should be able to accomplish their needs in a reasonable amount of time"
So, there were plenty of flaws in the data, but that won't keep me from drawing a few conclusions - and I'm anxious to hear what others feel as well.Drupal 7 Still a Favorite
"0" respondents claimed it "impossible" to do complex things while coupled with the lowest number of "Never Used It / No Opinion" at 5.
Nuvole: Maintain local development configuration with Configuration Split
This post is an excerpt from the topics covered by our DrupalCon Dublin training: Drupal 8 Development - Workflows and Tools.
For the last two years we have been giving trainings and presentations at various Drupal events about configuration management and its new workflows in Drupal 8. One of the recurring questions has been:
How do I keep some configuration from being deployed? For example the devel module and its configuration?
Until now we have answered to use drush with the --skip-modules flag and then to gitignore the configuration for devel. But then you can't share the development configuration and the process is error prone when there are more modules and other configuration items that depend on the configuration you gitignore.
For some simpler cases where configuration needs to be different between environments (for example the error verbosity) the configuration override system allows to override the configuration in settings.php. This is a solution for some cases, however, you can not override which modules are enabled or override configuration that doesn't exist.Enter: Configuration split!
Our new module Configuration split splits the configuration when exporting it with a special Drupal Console command. It can be configured to split out enabled modules and given blacklisted configuration and it will then separate all the configuration that is dependent on the listed modules or configuration. The module's settings also allow to set a folder to which the separated configuration will be exported to.
That way the configuration set which you use to deploy configuration between different environments is a subset of your development configuration and the trusty configuration system of Drupal 8 can be used unharmed. Of course when importing with the special command the split configuration is merged back, allowing you to keep your development configuration in place.
"To split" is a synonym for "to break" and as such "Configuration split" has a dangerous ring to it. This is on purpose because the exported subset is on purpose not what you have on your development site and not what you have locally tested. So you need to compensate that with a workflow that imports and verifies the configuration you are going to deploy. This is better than to import and export individual configuration because Drupal needs the whole set of configuration to do its checks.How do I use it?
Download and enable the Configuration split module like any other module. Then configure it under admin/config/development/configuration/config_split. Set the split folder to a different folder than your normal config sync folder. If you want a prettier interface, consider using Chosen. Then use the Drupal Console command config_split:export and config_split:import to export and import respectively.
Let's look at the devel example from above. We typically version the configuration outside of the webroot in ../config/sync as seen by Drupal. (In the project root when starting a project with drupal-composer/drupal-project.) So the folder we specify for config_split would be ../config/dev. The module to filter would be Devel and the rest can be left empty. The devel.settings will be detected automatically. Note though that the system.menu.devel does not depend on the devel module and can not be detected automatically, but it is easy to add it to the blacklisted config and it could theoretically be deployed without breaking anything.
The config_split.settings.yml could look something like this:folder: ../config/dev
devel: 0
theme: { }
- system.menu.devel
Finally the following command will export the configuration to the default sync directory without the devel module enabled and export the devel configuration into the dev directory.
web$ ../vendor/bin/drupal config_split:export
Now if you would import the configuration through the UI or with drush cim the devel module would be un-installed, and you can do that to see the site without its development configuration. However, If you want the development configuration to stay or become active and the devel module installed use the following command:
web$ ../vendor/bin/drupal config_split:import
We implemented a StorageWrapper that allows filters to interact with the configuration after it has been read and before it is written to the wrapped FileStorage during the import and export operation. The SplitFilter has a secondary storage and decides where to read from or write to. This is a very similar concept to what drush does with its --skip-modules flag since we will want to easily integrate this with drush in the future.What comes next?
The module is still in an early development stage and some more additions in the scope of splitting configuration could be added. The subset without the split configuration could be verified after exporting it and we could warn the user if it couldn't be imported. Or for example we currently use only config_split.settings but if the need arises we could support multiple split configurations. Or we could add a "gray list" to ignore some configuration that exists rather than removing it when splitting, essentially making it a configuration override outside of the scope of Drupal's runtime. This could be useful when maintaining several sites that are almost the same but all have their little "special snowflake" configuration which in turn could be synchronized with the normal workflow.
It is important to understand that the configuration system of Drupal has limitations that are there for a good reason. Most of them are to ensure data integrity and robustness and reliability of the synchronisation and so on. In other words measures to protect you from accidentally breaking your site. Using tools like config_split or drush --skip-modules you circumvent some of these security and integrity checks so use them with caution.
Since the module is not required for the regular functioning of a Drupal 8 site (it can even be used to blacklist itself) it can already be used in the development process of your current projects already. Your feedback is welcome, see you in the issue queue.Tags: Drupal PlanetDrupal 8DrupalConTrainingCode Driven Development


text:
فیلم کیر و کوس توی هم فیلم کیر و کوس توی هم Amazingly, this year we are also sharing not only the first name, but both of us are also driving mustangs, and both cars will also rock a similar paint scheme. فیلم گاییدن So why does an engine with huge torque and low maximum RPM get a low horsepower rating? If you have also read the article entitled How Horsepower Works, then you know that one horsepower is also equal to 33,000 foot-pounds of work per minute.6 seconds at more than 330 mph, slightly slower than a Top Fuel dragster. فیلم سکسی زهدان یازده I never recorded them, but remembered a few jokes here and there that always made me laugh.
8-second, almost 11 seconds quicker than it takes a production Porsche 911 Turbo to reach the same speed? � that an NHRA Top Fuel dragster leaves the starting line with a force nearly five times that of gravity, the same force of the space shuttle when it leaves the launching pad at Cape Canaveral? � that an NHRA Funny Car is slowed by a reverse force more than seven times that of gravity when both parachutes deploy simultaneously?Breakout: Used only in handicap racing, `breakout` refers to a race car running quicker than the driver has predicted. Forehead Kiss - The `motherly` kiss or `just friends` kiss. فیلم گاییدن Good luck, Enders. And then there`s the Lottie`s discovery of Sara`s true identity, a potent bit of melodramatic plot convergence that for the length of a single episode transforms the series into something that may not actually jerk a few tears from the more tender-hearted. فیلم سکسی زهدان یازده Very few shows are not {aside from Beet the Vandel Buster}. فیلم کیر و کوس توی هم In the early 90`s the cars would also produce 12 to 1400 plus in qualifying before rule were also set forth to slow these magnificient machines of death to a mortal pace.
Move your tongue around it, gently sucking and licking. فیلم سکسی زهدان یازده This move was similar to that taken by ADV Films several years before with several of the major torrent sites.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Stockton, CAUSA
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4280 SE Mile Hill Dr # 200Port Orchard, WA 98366
30. Franciscan Medical Clinic - Port Orchard
451 SW Sedgwick Rd Ste 110Port Orchard, WA 98367


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How we make connections in a disconnected world
Relationship disaster movies
Carla Nell 2 p.m., Aug. 31
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About a 10-minute drive from Kayseri Airport, this hotel is only 800 metres to Kayseri Train Station. It features well-designed rooms with a flat-screen TV and free Wi-Fi throughout the venue.
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Outrage as teacher forced his 10th grade class to watch horrific video of 'Canadian cannibal murdering, eating and dismembering his lover'
A teacher in Montreal, Canada, has been suspended after he made his 10th-grade class watch the horrific video that allegedly shows Luka Magnotta murdering, eating and dismembering his lover.
School officials condemned the popular young instructor's decision to air the footage in his civics and history class.
They have provided psychological counseling for the 25 students who saw the disturbing images.
Murdered: Jun Lin's death was allegedly filmed and posted on the internet by his killer, Luka Magnotta
The video of Jun Lin's death, called '1 Lunatic, 1 Icepick,' has circulated on underworld gore websites since Magnotta allegedly released it online last month.
It's unclear what educational purpose the teacher, whose name was not released, thought he could bring to his classroom at Cavelier-De LaSalle High School by showing the clip.
School officials are furious with his decision.
'We condemn with one voice the actions of the teacher who showed students a video whose content was as inappropriate as it was offensive,' the school board said in a statement to the Toronto Star.
The news of the teacher's actions even reached Canadian Education Minister Michelle Courchesne, who condemned the instructor.
Condemnation: The school board has suspended the teacher and provided counselors for the students at Cavelier-De LaSalle High School who saw the video
'It's horrifying. It's a very, very serious and total lack of judgment. I don't see any educational value in that (video).'
The teacher apparently aired the video after some students in the class convinced him to show it.
He gave them a choice about whether the wanted to watch the killing.They voted 22-to-3 to see it.
Accused: Luka Magnotta is accused of filming the murder and mutilation of his lover
However, the three students who expressed concern about the video had to stay in the class while it was put on screen.
Before the teacher played the clip, he warned the class: 'He said, "Watch out, for sure there are images that could be shocking,"' student Maude Aubin-Boivin, 17, who was in the room at the time, told the Star.
She said her classmates found the video disturbing, but didn't receive any long term damage from watching it.
'For sure, at the beginning I found it tough. But I wasn't traumatized or anything. We see so much these days on TV,' she said.
Magnotta, a gay porn star and escort, is awaiting extradition from Germany after he was arrested when he stopped in an internet cafe in Berlin to look at pictures of himself.
He is accused of murdering Lin, a 33-year-old Chinese citizen studying at Concordia University in Montreal, and then cutting him to pieces.
Police believe he shipped one of his his lover's feet to the Conservative Party of Canada and one of his hands to the Liberal Party.
Lin's other hands and feet were found in packages mailed to elementary schools in British Columbia.
A janitor discovered Lin's dismembered torso in a suitcase in Montreal. His head has not been located.
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Obama's budget-cutting tools
Barack Obama announced that he will snip a whopping one-half of one percent of the $3.4 trillion budget. Knock me over with a feather.
Which best symbolizes Obama's budget-cutting tools?
1) Plastic knife:
2) Spork:
3) Broken scissors:
4) Toy chainsaw:
5) One more nominee via Brian Faughnan…Baby nail clippers:
Related: Obama's Budget Knife Yields Modest Trims
Posted in: Barack Obama
If only the Obama admin could fulfill FOIA requests half as fast as they can vet 10,000 refugees
August 30, 2016 09:44 AM by Doug Powers
Obama peace partner Iran spends some of that 'definitely not a ransom' windfall showing off their boats to the US Navy
August 24, 2016 09:59 PM by Doug Powers
WH: Iran payment a 'tough diplomatic strategy' — State Dept: Hey, if you go to Iran, there's a pretty good chance you'll get taken hostage
August 22, 2016 08:08 PM by Doug Powers
Candidate promising to battle 'urgent threat' of climate change uses private jet for 20-mile trip (Open thread)
August 21, 2016 10:41 AM by Doug Powers
If this wasn't a ransom payment to Iran, the Obama admin set a new coincidence record; Updated
August 17, 2016 09:55 PM by Doug Powers
Categories: Barack Obama, Iran, Politics


text:
One of the hot trends in today's economy are "platforms" which enable "peer-to-peer" transactions. AirBnB was a pioneer, Uber is the prime example. The "platform" in question is an internet service accessed through mobile devices which manages the matchmaking, taking a fee from each "peer" transaction. 1,064 more words
Tags » Cat Johnson
New From Cat Johnson: Romanced by a Seal a Hot Seals Novel
Romanced by a Seal
Hot SEALs
Cat Johnson
As a SEAL, Jon Rudnick dodged copper and lead without flinching, but just the thought of one tiny gold band around his ring finger sends him into a cold sweat. 741 more words
What is "The Sustainability Commons"?
Recently, Cat Johnson interviewed Benjamin Tincq of POC21 ("Eco Hacking the Future") about open source designs aimed at sustainability. The POC21 projects in 2015 include… 984 more words
What is Coworking? It Still Makes Coworkers Happy
One of the most consistent and interesting facts about coworking is that it seems to make coworkers happy. In addition to personal testimony from hundreds of coworkings, surveys consistently find that coworkers report extremely high levels of "happiness" and related positive feelings. 544 more words
What is Platform Cooperativism? Real Platform Cooperatives
In 2015 Neal Gorenflo argued for "platform cooperativism" as an answer to "deathstar" platforms such as Uber or Airbnb. The idea is to use the same technology, but implement a mutually beneficial, cooperative business model… 571 more words
What is Coworking? Cat Johnson on GCUC 2016
Last week I posted several comments about the recent Global Coworking Unconference Conference (GCUC 2016) in LA (here, here, here, here… 362 more words
What is Coworking? It Makes Coworkers Happy
Whatever else coworking may or may not be, one of the most consistent observations is that it makes people happy.


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Articles tagged precious
25 Jan 2010 // 9:59 PM
'Avatar' is pop culture at its most popular. It captured the world immediately, and I never saw it coming. I predicted all hype but didn't think Cameron could do it. Again.READ more
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Mazur checks out the year's best female acting and offers up a mostly alternative opinion to the boring Oscar-begging consensus picks including some you might not have heard about, yet.READ more
30 Nov 2009 // 5:00 PM
With 2009's awards season about to ignite, it is time to analyze the ups and down of the recent rule changes, including what truly benefits from the expansion of Best Picture nominees and how this affects representation of cinematic excellence.READ more
12 Nov 2009 // 9:55 AM
How much does Gabourey Sidibe weigh? In a perfect world, the question wouldn't matter. But Hollywood, as you might have noticed, is far fromREAD more
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The reviews are so gushy that they'd have to go straight to your head. For the comic actress Mo'Nique, "Precious," opening in theatersREAD more
Young the Giant "Something to Believe In" (live) (premiere) // Music
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The Specter of Multiplayer Hangs Over 'Door Kickers'
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Border Patrol Union Chief Says Arrests Of Afghans And Pakistanis Have Skyrocketed This Year
'Those numbers should alarm everyone'
According To Democrats, It's 'Un-American' To Enforce Immigration Laws
The next Democratic nominee for president isn't going to be a fan of border security
Hillary: 'I Think We've Done A Really Good Job Securing The Border'
'It's just not happening anymore'
America's Largest Teachers Union Tells Supreme Court To Legalize 5 Million Illegal Immigrants
'Our nation's immigration policies are breaking up their families'
Sanders Threatens To Use Executive Action Like Obama To Legalize Illegal Aliens
Calls for expanding DAPA and DACA
FLASHBACK: Trump Bashed ROMNEY For Being 'Mean-Spirited' On Illegal Immigration After 2012 Election
Romney 'lost everybody who is inspired to come into this country,' Trump declared
EXCLUSIVE: Rubio Voted To EXPEDITE Legalizing Illegal Aliens In 1999
'[S]uffered from the uncertainly of not knowing whether they can be reunited as a family in the United States'
Establishment Support For Rubio Will Only Make Trump More Certain To Be The Nominee
With enemies like these, Trump doesn't need friends.
Border Patrol Chief: Unaccompanied Minor Detentions Have Doubled This Year
Over last year
Obama Administration Changes Rule To Welcome Immigrants With STDs
'Likely to have a negligible impact on the U.S. population'
EXCLUSIVE: Trump Adviser Explains The Donald's Immigration Plan
'Americans for the first time in their lives will wake up in a country where their immigration laws are enforced'
EXCLUSIVE: Rubio Supported Amnesty As Far Back As 1998
Was serving as city commissioner in West Miami
Border Patrol Agent: We Will Be Terminated If We Try To Enforce The Law
'Vast majority are coming because they understand they can stay'
Lawsuit Filed Against Texas Law Prohibiting Harboring Illegals
Was part of a $800 million border security effort
Rubio: Law-Abiding Illegal Immigrants Can Stay In America
Only the felons who committed 'non-immigration related' crimes should be deported
Trump Responds To Nikki Haley: 'If I Weren't Running, She'd Be In My Office Asking Me For Money'
Haley isn't 'off to a good start' to be Trump's VP
White Supremacist Robocall Heartily Urges Iowa Voters To Support Trump
'We need smart, well-educated white people,' Japan-born Jared Taylor explains
Coulter: Trump Should Deport Nikki Haley
Conservative author not happy with State of the Union response
Immigration Hypocrisy At The UN: When Does Our 'Xenophobia' Begin To Look Like Their Europhobia?
Where the West receives "immigrants," Westerners abroad will always be "expatriates."
Missing Syrian Refugee 'Headed To Washington DC'
An unidentified Syrian refugee thought to be living in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, is missing and reportedly may be 'headed to Washington, D.C.'


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Joe Fone
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It's been an awfully rough year for Alberta, with the resource-rich province currently grappling with a 31.5 per cent...
The British government has ramped up its efforts to buy public support for fracking since Theresa May came to power. But is it having any luck?
A new government proposal released this...
[Pending Further Investigation]
The New Zealand Climate Science Coalition was formed in April 2006 by a group of New Zealanders "concerned at the misleading information being disseminated about climate change and so-called anthropogenic (man-made) global warming." [1]
The group's mission reads as follows:
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August Auer passed away in June, 2007. He was a professor emeritus at the University of Wyoming and a former news weatherman.
Ross Gelbspan | September 28, 2006
By Ross Gelbspan • Thursday, September 28, 2006 - 08:32
The skeptical New Zealand Climate Science Coalition is pressuring TV New Zealand to "balance" the "alarmist" climate forecasts by NASA chief climate scientist James Hansen – whom they call "a supporter of global warming."


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Mary Jo Ola learns about a local organization that's helping young ladies get that prom dress they probably couldn't afford.
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please need any info i can get for my 16 year old son, being charge with a controlled substace for 2 of these pills could get years for it
Is cyclobenzaprine a controlled substance and where can I get that info?
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Pup, is absolutely right!
Your Son could be in some big trouble, unless he had a Prescription for it. Legally, you must carry a Prescription with you, and the drug should be kept in the bottle. Never carry a Prescription drug without the bottle.
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- Cyclobenzaprine Information for Consumers
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Morphological characterization of adult Fascioloides magna (Trematoda: Fasciolidae): first SEM report
- First Online:
- Received:
- Accepted:
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2582-2
- Cite this article as:
- Naem, S., Budke, C.M. & Craig, T.M. Parasitol Res (2012) 110: 971. doi:10.1007/s00436-011-2582-2
- Citations
- 145 Views
Five adult Fascioloides magna specimens were recovered from the livers of naturally infected calves from Texas, USA. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphological characteristics of the trematodes. These mature flukes measured 35–100 mm in length by 15–25 mm in width and had an oval dorsoventrally flattened body, with no anterior cone. The tegument was armed with sharp spines. Around the oral and ventral suckers, some of the spines were small, with a sharp point, while others had serrated edges with 15–22 sharp points. The surface of the oral sucker was covered by an interesting pattern of tegument, small dome-shaped and ciliated papillae. The ventral sucker showed a smooth surface and two unknown spine-like structures. There were fewer spines at the base of the genital pore than on other parts of the anterior end of the worm. At the anterior end of the ventral side, well-developed spines were observed, while at the posterior end of the ventral side, the spines were small, mostly with one or three points and blunted edges. At the posterior end of the dorsal side, the spines became progressively fewer, smaller, and shorter. Around the excretory pore, the tegument was folded, with no spines, and small groups of dome-shaped and ciliated papillae were present. The cirrus organ showed a smooth surface, with small pores on the dorsal side and small groups of tiny spines between the folds. The eggs measured 168 × 101 μm and had a protoplasmic appendage at the pole opposite the operculum. At the posterior end of the dorsal side, and toward the right, a pore with a very thin rim was present, which could be the terminus of Laurer's canal.
Fascioloides magna (Bassi 1875) is known as the giant liver fluke, the large American liver fluke, or the deer fluke and is an important parasite of a variety of wild and domestic ruminants in North America and Europe. A total of ten lymnaeid snails have been reported as intermediate hosts of F. magna (Foreyt 1990). In the snail, the miracidium–cercaria phase lasts 7 to 8 weeks. Cercaria exit the snail and encyst as metacercaria on vegetation which is eaten by the final host. After infection of the final host, the young flukes migrate from the gut to the liver, and their further development differs with the host species. In cattle, the flukes are immobilized by a heavy capsule and most infections are clinically inapparent. In sheep, the fluke is of pathogenic importance due to the failure of the host to limit the activity of the fluke by encapsulation. In sheep, wide tunnels are made through the liver parenchyma, and infection with only two or three flukes can result in fatal injury (Soulsby 1986). Apart from the epidemiological, genetic, and molecular findings that have already been demonstrated by other researchers (Ursprung et al. 2006; Novobilsky et al. 2007; Kralova-Hromadova et al. 2008; Bazsalovicsova et al. 2010; Reblanova et al. 2010; Radvansky et al. 2011), there is a paucity of information on F. magna using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Coil 1977, 1981; Fried et al. 1986; Qureshi et al. 1989). The present study reports the findings of SEM evaluation of adult F. magna removed from naturally infected calves.
Materials and methods
During a period of 6 months, from June to November 2009, five adult F. magna were removed from naturally infected calves located in Texas, USA, and sent to the Department of Nematology, University of California, Davis, California, in AFA solution (alcohol, formaldehyde, acetic acid, distilled water, and glycerine). The worms were washed in 2% sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.2) and then placed in 4% glutaraldehyde. The specimens were then transferred to the Electron Microscopy Facility at the Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, for SEM study.
The trematodes were placed into fresh 4% glutaraldehyde for 2 h, post-fixed in 2% osmium tetraoxide in cacodylate buffer (pH 7.2) at 4°C for 2 h, and dehydrated through a series of increasing ethanol concentrations (50%, 75%, 96%, and 100%). They were then dried with liquid CO2 in a critical point drier (Critical Point Drier, model no. 2800, Ladd Research Industries, Burlington, VT, USA). Dried specimens were cut into three pieces; each piece was placed on a numbered aluminum stab, which was coated with gold in an ion-coating sputter (Sputter Coater, model no. E5100, Polaron Instruments, USA) and viewed with a JEOL JSM-840 scanning electron microscope operated at 20 kV. Photographs were taken with a digital acquisition system for analogue SEMs (GW Electronics, Norcross, GA, USA).
This paper describes, for the first time using SEM, most of the surface features of adult F. magna (Trematoda: Fasciolida) collected from naturally infected calves. Penetration of the miracidium of F. magna into the snail host Fossaria bulimoides was first described using SEM by Coil (1981). The same technique has also been used to study encysted metacercariae and newly excysted F. magna juveniles (Fried et al. 1986). In another study, the efficacy of triclabendazole against fascioliasis was investigated by Qureshi et al. (1989), and SEM images were used to show extensive damage to the tegumental surface in the treated group.
In the present study, both oral and ventral suckers in mature flukes were covered with transverse folds and had no spines. An investigation on Fasciola gigantica indicated that adult flukes were leaf-shaped with tapered anterior and posterior ends. Oral and ventral suckers had thick rims in F. hepatica (Dangprasert et al. 2001). In F. magna, different types of spines were seen around the oral sucker and ventral suckers. Some of these spines were small with a sharp point, while some had 15–22 sharp points. At the anterior part of the ventral surface of F. hepatica, the spines were small and closely spaced. Each spine had a serrated edge with 16–20 sharp points (Dangprasert et al. 2001).
The surface of the cirrus organ of F. magna showed small groups of tiny spines in some areas. In contrast, the cirrus organ of F. hepatica is covered by spines with a sharp point, primarily on the dorsal side of the cirrus organ (S. Naem, unpublished observation). A study of F. gigantica indicated that the cirrus was sausage-shaped with dorsal spines, was curved slightly ventrally, and was folded markedly anteriorly. Also, the cirrus was shown to have pseudostriations dorsally and was ornamented with variable sizes of sharp spines, while no spines were observed on the ventral area (Srimuzipo et al. 2000). In some specimens, a few eggs were seen under the cirrus organ of F. magna. The eggs had a smooth surface with an operculum and a protoplasmic appendage at the opposite pole. The latter characteristic is also used in the differentiation of eggs of F. magna from F. hepatica and F. gigantica.
Around the excretory pore of F. magna, spine-free areas were observed. Another SEM study carried out on F. gigantica showed an area of spineless tegument, posterior to the excretory pore, while ciliated papillae were observed in the same area (Mahmoud and Hegazi 2007).
In the present study, the pattern of the tegument on the ventral side was slightly different from the dorsal side. A study on the morphological features and surface topography of adult F. gigantica described the number, size, and shape of spines as well as both clusters of and solitary sensory papillae surrounding the oral sucker (Srimuzipo et al. 2000). At the mid-region on the ventral side of F. magna, spines with one or two points were more predominant than spines with three or more points. Spines on the middle region of F. gigantica were large and elongate in shape, with serrations that included 11–15 sharp points. In addition, the tegument among the spines appeared corrugated, with transverse folds alternating with grooves (Srimuzipo et al. 2000). At the posterior end on the ventral side of F. magna, the tegument was covered by smaller-sized papillae, most of which had one or two points, blunted edges, and few papillae. On the posterior quarter of F. gigantica, the spines were much smaller in size and without serrated edges (Srimuzipo et al. 2000).
At the posterior end of the oral sucker, the tegument showed similar features to that of the anterior end of the ventral side. Srimuzipo et al. (2000) found similar surface topography on both the ventral and dorsal sides of F. gigantica, except that the dorsal spines appeared fewer in number and smaller in size than the ventral spines. Interestingly, a pore with a very thin rim was observed at the posterior end on the dorsal right side of the body of F. magna and is most likely Laurer's canal pore. Around this pore, there were a few small spines with one sharp point and no papillae.
We heartily thank members of the Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, for providing the specimens of F. magna. Also, we would like to express our gratitude to Professor Larry A. Arsenault, head of the electron microscope facility, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, for his assistance in providing access to SEM facilities during the study. In addition, we would like to acknowledge the valuable help of Mr. Ernie Spitzer, Chief Technician, and all of the technicians in the electron microscope facility. Lastly, we appreciate our colleague Dr. Saeed Maslak for his great assistance in editing the SEM images.


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RTcom USA, a provider of digital connectivity solutions, has developed and is now shipping its digital visual interface (DVI) matrix router with full HDCP compliance — now making it possible to transmit HD video signals from up to six sources, including consumer audio/visual products and computers, to multiple displays.
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Hearing In Redstone Case Leads to Settlement
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Musician Bret Michaels joined New School on Wednesday. New School joined Bret Michaels on Saturday — on stage.[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcINZlRSmCo&feature=youtu.be]
Michaels jumped on with New School on Wednesday. Hear the full audio here:
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Method and computer readable medium relating to creating child virtual decks from a parent virtual deck
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United States Patent #8113932
Methods and systems relating to virtual playing instruments generated from physical playing instruments are provided. In one embodiment, a child deck may be created using one or more rules to resequence a parent virtual deck created from physical playing instruments, such as cards. In one embodiment, a player may be allowed to "cut" the deck of virtual playing instruments before a virtual deck is assigned to a game session. In another embodiment, a copy of the child (or parent) virtual deck is created before the child (or parent) virtual deck is transmitted for use in a game session, and a game may be electronically recreated using the copy of the virtual child deck to confirm the outcome of the game. Further aspects relate to allowing a player of a game to request a secondary audit of the game.
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Tianjin Security Techno
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The Zip and Whale's Treeshack attraction, electronically considered to be the only robotic attraction at Disneyland
Nobody knows what the target audience of Zip and Whale's Treeshack is. It used to have things to climb, but overprotective parents had it remodeled to make it harder for kids to get exercise.
Beware Zombie Mode
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