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Volume 56, Issue 7, 01 April 1972
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Hydrogen Diffusion in Yttrium Trihydride56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677678View Description Hide Description
Nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of spin‐lattice relaxation time and resonance line shapes have been carried out as a function of temperature in the range 77–715°K for 1H contained in yttrium hydride. The composition ranged from YH2.61 to YH2.94 and included three samples in the hydrogen‐deficient trihydride phase. Within limited temperature ranges samples with higher hydrogen concentrations displayed complex line shapes and nonexponential magnetization recovery. These phenomena were associated with the formation of regions of YH3 within the hydrogen‐deficient structure.
Effects of Variations of the Potential‐Energy Surface on the Attributes of Simple Exchange Reactions: Classical Calculations56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677679View Description Hide Description
The results of numerically exact classical‐trajectory calculations for the collinear collision of on a series of Wall‐Porter potential‐energy surfaces are presented and compared with previously reported accurate quantum‐mechanical results. The effects of variations of (1) the total energy, (2) the barrier height, (3) the curvature of the reaction path, and (4) the slope and ``width'' of the potential barrier along the reaction path on various attributes of the reaction are determined by systematically changing selected parameters of the surface. Attributes of primary interest are (1) the reaction probability (as a function of energy), (2) the effective threshold for reaction, and (3) the degree of vibrational excitation of the product, as measured by the fraction of the total energy which ends up as vibrational energy of the product. It is observed that the classical results agree better with the quantum‐mechanical for some surfaces than for others. Also, although the detailed structure of the reaction probability curves is not well predicted in the classical approximation, the classical and quantum‐mechanical results agree on the ``average,'' indeed, incredibly well for some surfaces.
Relative Abundances and Recoil Energies of Fragment Ions Formed from the X‐Ray Photoionization of N2, O2, CO, NO, CO2, and CF456(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677680View Description Hide Description
A specially designed mass spectrometer has been used to study the fragment ions following x‐ray photoionization of several simple gaseous molecules, containing only first‐row elements. Two photon sources were used: CuL α (930 eV) and CK α (280 eV). The higher‐energy x‐ray source produced initial vacancies primarily in the K shells of the different elements, while the lower‐energy radiation produced ionization entirely in the valence shells. Data were obtained as a function of collection voltage, and relative abundances of the fragment ions were evaluated under conditions of equal collection efficiency. From the shape of the collection efficiency curve the average recoil energies were estimated. The results are briefly discussed in terms of the effect of the KLL Auger processes and multiple ionization.
On the Measurement of Transverse Relaxation Rates in Complex Spin Systems56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677681View Description Hide Description
Selective measurement of transverse relaxation rates of each line in a complex NMRspectrum can be accomplished by subjecting the spin system to a nonselective Carr‐Purcell sequence of rf pulses, Fourier transforming the free precession following the last echo maximum, and repeating the experiment for several different durations of the echo train. Effects of homonuclear spin coupling on such measurements are exmined in detail. It is shown that such coupling can produce severe distortion of the apparent time decay of partially relaxed spectral lines. Criteria for avoiding the distortion are established, and a general scheme for interpreting selectively measured transverse relaxation rates in the framework of Redfield theory is proposed.
Ice I‐Lattice Dynamics and Incoherent Neutron Scattering56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677682View Description Hide Description
Incoherent neutron inelastic scattering (INIS) data for polycrystallineice Ih are presented for E 0= 240 cm−1, θ8=18°, T=82°K, E 0=443 cm−1, θ8=25°, T=82°K, and E 0=30 cm−1, θ8=65°, T=250°K. These data and other INIS measurements are analyzed in terms of a lattice‐dynamical model for ice Ic with ordered hydrogens, the dynamics of which are very similar to ice Ih. Dispersion curves, the frequency distribution, rms amplitudes of displacement, and specific heat are calculated from the model; INIS cross sections, including two‐phonon contributions‐which are found to be significant in some cases‐are also calculated. Calculated values and the various measurements are found to be in very good agreement.
Shock Tube Rotational Relaxation Measurements in Low‐Temperature Hydrogen56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677683View Description Hide Description
Rotational relaxation times are measured for normal hydrogen and parahydrogen in a cryogenicshock tube with initial temperatures of 80–100°K. A sensitive schlieren optical system, employing a laser light source and a photomultiplier, is used to measure laboratory relaxation times of the order of 0.1 μsec, with a spatial resolution of 0.1 mm. Measurements are made over a temperature range of 140–450°K. Relaxation times are in general agreement with results obtained by other methods.
Shock Tube Vibrational Relaxation Measurements: N2 Relaxation by H2O and the Rate56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677684View Description Hide Description
Shock tubemeasurements of the rates of vibrational relaxation of N2 by H2O and the vibrational exchange between N2 and CO are described. Simultaneous measurements of H2O v 2 ν2 band and CO fundamental band ir emission were performed in mixtures of 1%–10% . Measurement of H2O emission by a calibrated optical system allowed an accurate determination of the concentration of H2O for each run. The CO emission had two, almost decoupled, regions of behavior which allowed determination of two relaxation times: ( exchange relaxation time between N2 and CO) and ( relaxation of N2 by H2O), both for .
Vacuum‐Ultraviolet (147 nm) Photolysis of Carbon Suboxide in the Presence of Methane56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677685View Description Hide Description
The vacuum‐ultraviolet photolysis of C3O2 in the presence of CH4 and Ar has been investigated at 25°C using the 147 nm Xe resonance line. The principal gaseous reaction products include CO, C2H2, C2H4, and some C2H6. The yield of acetylene decreases with increasing methane or inert gas pressure while the opposite trend is observed in the case of ethylene. Diagnostic experiments with added H2 and CO have shown that excess H2 effectively suppresses C2H4 formation, while excess CO virtually eliminates the production of C2H2. The results are interpreted in terms of the participation of 1 D and 3 Pcarbon atoms and are consistent with recent flash photolysis‐kinetic spectroscopy work on the C3O2/CH4 system. It is proposed that C2H2 formation can be attributed entirely to the reactionwhereas C2H4 results from reaction of methane with ground state C2O(3Σ) radicals, producted in a secondary processBoth Ar and CO deactivate C(1 D) to C(3 P), however, relative to its rate of attack on methane, the deactivation of C(1 D) by argon is an inefficient process.
Atomic and Ionic Radii of Superheavy Elements56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677686View Description Hide Description
Atomic and ionic radii are presented for the elements E104–E120 and E156–E172. It is shown that a number of effects correlated with the large relativistic contraction of orbitals with low angular momentum leads to smaller atoms for higher atomic numbers. It is expected that Cs is the largest atom in nature.
NMR Determination of Some Deuterium Quadrupole Coupling Constants in Nematic Solutions56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677687View Description Hide Description
The analysis of the NMRspectra of suitable nematic liquid‐crystal solutions appears to offer a convenient and desirable method for the determination of small nuclear quadrupole coupling constants for molecules in the liquid state. Nuclear quadrupole coupling constants have been determined for deuterium in the bond of a number of small molecules. Assuming that the field gradient has axial symmetry, values of e 2 qQ/h along the bond axis are as follows: The results are discussed in terms of various theoretical calculations of the field gradient at the deuteron, and a compilation of some of the accurate experimentally determined deuterium coupling constants is presented.
Neutron Diffraction Study of Iron(II) Chloride Tetrahydrate,56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677688View Description Hide Description
A three‐dimensional neutron diffraction study has revealed the positions of hydrogen atoms in a 55.9% deuterated crystal of iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate (). The space group is P21/c with Z=2 and unit cell parameters: a=5.885(3), b=7.180(6), c=8.514(4) Å, and β=111.09(2)°. The conventional R factor is 0.027, assuming a partially disordered model and anisotropicextinction. Hydrogen atom positions corresponding to a minimum of calculated electrostaticenergy are compared with those from the crystal structure. Previous attempts to determine hydrogen positions in from NMRspectra are analyzed in the light of the results obtained in this study.
Third‐Order Constitutive Equations and Transport in Rarefied Gases56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677689View Description Hide Description
A description of transport of either heat, momentum, or mass in the transition regime is based upon third‐order constitutive equations for the fluxes. The one‐dimensional steady‐state equation which governs the dependent variable P * (either dimensionless temperature, velocity, or concentration) as a function of distance x * is the linearized fourth‐order differential equationwhere N is proportional to the Knudsen number. A solution is proposed based on reasonable boundary conditions for parallel plate geometry. Expressions are derived for the profile of P *, the slip or jump of P * at a wall, the effective transport coefficient, and the flux. The expressions have the proper limits for the continuum and free molecule regimes, and compare well with other theories for the transition regime and with subsonic experimental data.
Burnett Theory of Thermal Transpiration with Wall Accommodation56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677690View Description Hide Description
Thermal transpiration in a capillary is analyzed by use of second‐order Chapman‐Enskog constitutive relations for heat flux and stress. Constants of integration are determined by imposing the usual boundary conditions and results for low and for standard pressures. No arbitrary parameters appear, but energy and momentum accommodation coefficients enter in a way which significantly influences the interpretation of experimental data. The theory is worked for polyatomic gases with the result that the total thermal conductivity appears rather than the translational part. The results are compared with the dusty gas model, the Weber‐Schmidt equation, and experimental data.
Cooperative Optical Transitions in the Oxygen Dimer: Excimer States, Selection Rules, and Oscillator Strengths56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677691View Description Hide Description
An alternative and approximate method is used to compute the dipole intensity of the cooperative optical transition in an oxygen molecular dimer, O4. This approximation attributes the interaction of the two oxygen molecules to the overlap of their valence electrons and constructs the composite molecular states of the dimer by permuting all four π g valence electrons (two from each molecule) in a Slater determinant. The overall symmetry of the possible composite, dimeric and exciton states is determined for different collision geometry belonging to D∞h , , D 2h , , C 2, , and S 4 point groups. The polarization of the transition is determined from these overall symmetries of the dimer. The transition matrix elements of the dimer are weighted by overlap integrals and are expressed in terms of the angles between the two molecules. This is in contrast to the conventional method which gives transition matrix elements weighted by electrostatic matrix element divided by an energy factor. The latter conventional method mixes in allowed states by intermolecular electrostaticinteraction plus electron exchange. The present computation provides an expedient way of giving the relative contribution to intensity of the various orientations and geometries of the collision complex. The present formalism may be used in the cooperative optical transitions of the dimers of other homopolar diatomic molecules. The group theoretical analysis of the excimer states will be useful in the study of molecular crystals of linear molecules in various lattice geometries, in polarization studies and in the nonadiabatic vibronic energy transfer and chemical reactions between two linear molecules.
Pulse Radiolysis in Lanthanide Aqueous Solutions. I. Formation Spectrum and Chemical Properties of Divalent Europium, Ytterbium, and Samarium Ions56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677692View Description Hide Description
The reactions of the hydrated electrons with Eu(III), Yb(III), and Sm(III) have been investigated. Absorption spectra of transient species produced by the pulse of electrons have been obtained and assigned to the Laporte allowed transition between 4fn and 4f n−1 5d levels of the divalent ions. The excitation energy values Efd for these ions in aqueous solution are in good agreement with those found or calculated in crystal. The specific rates of reactions of Eu(II), Yb(II), and Sm(II) with OH radicals, O2, N2O, H2O2, , Cu2+ and the electron transfer reaction of Sm(II) with Yb(III) and with Eu(III) have been determined. It has been found that the order of reactivity is Sm(II) > Yb(II) > Eu(II); this order is correlated with the electrode potential E 0 of divalent ions.
Pulse Radiolysis Studies in Lanthanide Aqueous Solutions. II. Formation, Spectrum, and Some Chemical Properties of Praseodymium(IV) in Aqueous Solution56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677693View Description Hide Description
Pulse radiolysis of Pr(III) gives a transient absorptionspectrum with a maximum at 290. This is due to the formation of Pr(IV) through the reaction of OH radicals and Pr(III). The rate of the reaction has been determined by four different methods and the rate constant was found to be . The variation of the optical density of Pr(IV) ions with pH lead to the conclusion that the form of Pr(IV) is Pr(OH)3+ and Pr4+ in neutral and acidsolutions, respectively. The equilibrium constant of hydrolysis, , was found to be . The spectrum obtained is assigned to the Laporte‐allowed transition between 4f and 5d. The specific reaction rate constants of Pr(IV) with water, , H2O2, and Br− have been determined, as well as those of Pr(III) with and H atoms.
Atom‐Molecule Reaction Studied by Molecular Beams56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677694View Description Hide Description
Collisions between deuterium atoms and hydrogen molecules have been studied in a modulated crossed beam experiment. The relative signal intensity and the signal phase for product HD from reactive collisions allowed determination of both the angular distribution and HD mean velocity as a function of angle. From these a relative differential reactive scattering cross section in center‐of‐mass coordinates was deduced. The experiment indicates that reactively formed HD having little or no internal excitation, departs from the collision anistropically, with maximum amplitude 180° from the direction of the incident D beam in c.m. coordinates, which shows that the reacting configuration is short‐lived compared to its rotation time. Nonreactive scattering of D by H2 was used to assign absolute values to the differential reactive scattering cross sections.
Birefringence and Optical Rotatory Dispersion of a Compensated Cholesteric Liquid Crystal56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677695View Description Hide Description
Utilizing deVries' model for the optical rotatory power of cholesteric mesophases, the temperature and wavelength dependence of the birefringence, Δn, of a compensated cholesteric liquid crystal was determined from optical rotatory dispersion measurements. Deviations from symmetry in the optical rotation around T nematic of such a compensated system are due to the temperature dependence of Δn. Refractometer measurements of the ordinary refractive index were also performed and values of the three principal refractive indices were calculated. The ordinary refractive index of the focal conic texture was observed to be higher than that of the plane texture of the cholesteric phase.
Use of the Nonsymmetrical Wavefunction. III. Magnetic Susceptibility of Molecular Hydrogen56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677696View Description Hide Description
The nonsymmetrical (NS) wavefunction is used to calculate the magnetic susceptibility of the hydrogen molecule. Triple perturbation theory with the aid of the interchange theorem allows one to calculate the susceptibility through first order in electron correlation and it is found that the NS function yields reasonable results.
Vibration‐to‐Rotation Energy Transfer in HBr and DBr Mixtures56(1972); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1677697View Description Hide Description
Vibrational energy transfer rates in mixtures have been measured by laser‐excited vibrational fluorescence. The cross section for vibration→vibration energy exchange is . For vibration→rotation and translation energy transfer the cross sections are and .


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Victoria Koontz
Published: Thursday, April 19, 2007 at 11:38 a.m.
Last Modified: Thursday, April 19, 2007 at 12:42 p.m.
Victoria "Vickie" Bergeron Koontz, 59, a native and resident of Des Allemands, died at 5:13 a.m. Wednesday, April 18, 2007.
Visitation will be from 9 a.m. to funeral time Saturday at Memmonite Church. Religious service will be at 1 p.m. Saturday at the church, with burial in the church cemetery.
She is survived by her husband, Dayne Koontz; three stepsons, Matt, Dale and Brian Koontz; one daughter, Tammy Foster; one brother, Henry "Bozo" Bergeron Jr.; and four grandchildren.
She was preceded in death by her parents, Henry Bergeron Sr. and Verna Comardelle Hartsell; and one son, Stanley J. Foster Jr.
She was a member of Willowdale Ladies Golf Association.
Falgout Funeral Home is in charge of arrangements.
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The battle's true beginning was in June 1940, when the German army reached the French Atlantic coast as a result of the fall of France. The capture of the Bay of Biscay ports - Brest, Lorient, St Nazaire, La Pallice and Bordeaux - gave the German submarine fleet a starting-point towards the British trade routes in the Atlantic as far west as the tip of Cornwall. This saved 450 miles each way on the journey to the submarine cruising stations.
The German submarines, U-boats, were the prime enemy from beginning to end. Pocket battleships and other surface warships and aircraft played their parts at different times, but it was the U-boats that struck deep fear into Winston Churchill and the Admiralty. When they were present in strength, the issue of the battle - and sometimes of the war - was always in doubt; when they withdrew it was a victory. If they had not finally withdrawn, it would have been a disaster.
The U-boats performed their blockade of Britain (formally declared in August 1940) on the principle of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare enunciated in February 1917, and their favoured method - attack on the surface by night - was a well-tried First World War practice. The U-boats of 1918 and 1940 belonged to the same phase of the Industrial Revolution; they used the same sort of machinery, the same sort of weapons and much the same techniques.
Strictly speaking, neither of the U- boat wars was a submarine war. From 1914 to the end of 1945, U-boats were really submersibles - torpedo-boats, whose best performances of range and speed were on the surface, but possessing the invaluable ability to dive for attack or escape. The torpedo was the special weapon of the U-boats; it was the essence of Unrestricted Warfare. Attack by torpedo was stealthy, sudden and devastating, sending great ships to the bottom in a matter of minutes, sometimes with no survivors, sometimes followed by the slow death of crews and passengers by starvation or thirst in open boats and shelterless rafts, sometimes by burning in the blaze of oil-covered sea.
The guiding spirit of the Battle of the Atlantic was always Admiral Karl Donitz, commander of the U-boat fleet and later Commander-in-Chief of the German navy. He was heart and soul a submariner, devoted to that arm of the service, and he had been pondering and planning attacks on merchant convoys ever since the surrender of 1918. Donitz was convinced that 'a massed target should be engaged by massed U-boats', and from the very beginning of the war he looked for what he called 'one great success: for example, the destruction of a whole convoy'.
If he never achieved this, it was not for want of trying, but closely linked to the fact that he never wielded what he would consider to be 'massed U-boats'. On the contrary, his everlasting complaint was of what he called the 'dearth of U-boats'. Early in 1939, he had said that he would need 300 for an effective blockade of Britain; when war broke out he had 42 operational and for the rest of that year it was unusual for more than six or eight to be on station in the Atlantic at any given moment. In February 1941, his operational total dropped to a mere 22 U-boats. It then climbed slowly to a maximum of 239 in May 1943, the climax of the Atlantic battle - but by then Donitz knew that they were obsolete.
The first U-Boat pack attack on a convoy was upon SC2, homeward-bound from Sydney, Nova Scotia, in September 1940. The pack, although small (only four boats), contained two of the most famous U-boat 'aces': Gunther Prien (U47) and Otto Kretschmer (U99). The attack contained significant prophetic features, of which the most outstanding was its point of origin: a decrypt of an Admiralty signal to the convoy by xB-Dienst, the crypt-analysis section of German Naval Intelligence. Radio interception was essential to the 'Donitz system' of war; the information it supplied (known in Britain as 'Sigint') provided him with 'the only reconnaissance service on which I can rely'.
Radio itself gave him the method of command. Very early in the war he concluded that U-boat operations could be most effectively controlled by radio from the shore rather than by a flotilla-leader 'on the spot'. For this purpose the U-boat Command created a signals network which, according to the Official Intelligence History, 'for complexity, flexibility and efficiency, was probably unequalled in the history of military communications'. The weakness of the system was the enormous output of radio signals and the consequent security risks. Breaking that security was the function of Ultra, the Sigint decoded and translated at Bletchley Park and fed into the Admiralty's Operational Intelligence Centre to come to rest in the Submarine Tracking Room, under its brilliant chief, Commander Rodger Winn RNVR. Winn has been called the true opponent of Admiral Donitz in this very special war. I am not sure that modern warfare has room for such personal combats, but if one does accept a chess-board image, it is hard to see who else would be sitting on the British side of the board.
Having thus located the SC2 convoy, Donitz ordered U65 to trail the convoy and report its position. This brought in the rest of the pack, and the attack was launched before dawn on 7 September, on the surface. 'Before dawn' meant that the U-boats were practically invisible in the darkness of a wild night; 'on the surface' meant that the Royal Navy's Asdic (sonar) location system was rendered useless. This tactic took the Navy by surprise; it became standard drill throughout the coming battle.
All things considered, SC2 got off lightly: five ships lost out of 53. Others were less fortunate; on three successive days of October, three convoys (SC7, HX79 and HX79a) lost a total of 38 merchant ships. To appreciate the meaning of that figure we should recall the words of the Intelligence History: 'the severe mauling of a convoy was the equivalent of a lost battle on land'.
The battle continued on these lines. Its tactical essence was, for the U-boats, the problem of finding the convoys in the immensity of the ocean surface; for the convoy escorts, the problem of finding the U-boats in the vastness of the ocean depths. To both sets of problems, the answers could only be supplied by technology, and, for both, Sigint continued to be of central importance. In June 1941, the code-breakers at Bletchley Park cracked the Enigma ciphers, which carried the incessant radio traffic of the 'Donitz system'. The result, according to the German U-boat authority Professor Jurgen Rohwer, was that 'during the second half of 1941, by a very cautious estimate, the Submarine Tracking Room of the Admiralty . . . rerouted the convoys so cleverly around the German 'Wolf Packs' that about 300 ships were saved by avoiding battles. They seem to me more decisive to the outcome of the battle than the U-boats sunk in the convoy battles of 1943'.
It was in 1941 that the anti-U-boat headquarters moved to Derby House, Liverpool, where first Admiral Sir Percy Noble and then Admiral Sir Max Horton presided over an intimate joint Operations Room shared with the Air Officer commanding No 15 Group, Coastal Command.
The evident and continuing feature of the battle was now its steady move westward, further into the Atlantic, thanks to the increasing strength and lethal equipment of Coastal Command. Its Sunderlands, reinforced by Catalinas, Wellingtons and Whitleys, drove the U-boats to mid-ocean and a steadily narrowing area known as 'the Gap', the only place where U- boats could safely show their conning towers above the surface. Closing the Gap became an urgent priority and the struggle to obtain enough B24 (Liberator) aircraft was hard and bitter. Fortunately, it turned out that 'enough' was not very many.
Western Approaches Command made a deeply significant contribution to anti-submarine warfare in 1941. It defined at last, with impeccable clarity, what the object of the exercise was, thus concluding a long argument. This revolved around the question of whether convoy escorts were better employed trying to sink U-boats or trying to defend convoys - not always the same thing at all. In April, Western Approaches laid it down clearly: 'The safe and timely arrival of the convoy at its destination is the primary object and nothing releases the Escort Commander of his responsibility in this respect.'
'Safe and timely arrival' was not a keynote of 1942. Three times in that grimmest year of the war the monthly total of tonnage lost rose above 800,000, U-boats and now Japanese submarines being responsible for about three-quarters of it all.
Bletchley Park endured a Sigint blackout for most of the year when the Germans altered their Enigma settings. The awaited new weapons and the priceless additions of effective air- and sea-borne radar and High Frequency Direction-Finding took a long time to emerge from their pipelines. The number of operational U-boats was rising steadily. The crisis of the battle was at hand.
The month of March brought the rock bottom of Allied fortunes - a 20-day period during which 97 ships (over half a million tons) were lost, and a later Admiralty review admitted: 'The Germans never came so near disrupting communication between the New World and the Old as in those first 20 days of March 1943.'
And then the picture dramatically changed. Bletchley Park regained its ascendancy; the VLR (Very long Range) Liberators arrived - and also aircraft carriers in escort groups; weapons overcame their 'teething troubles'; Support Groups double- banked the convoy escorts. Thanks to the full Allied technological array and the courage, endurance and skill of the Royal Navy, the RAF and the merchant seamen, the U-boats began to lose more boats than they sank. Their morale broke suddenly, and on 24 May, when 31 of them had gone down, Donitz ordered them to withdraw. He admitted: 'We had lost the Battle of the Atlantic.'
The victory was obvious, but its full significance was not appreciated for a long time. It was widely regarded as a defensive victory in protection of Britain's lifelines. It was far more than that. From the moment when the American and British governments adopted their 'Germany First' strategies, its linchpin became an amphibious assault on north-west Europe, ultimately code-named Overlord. This would not have been possible with the U-boats still at large; the Atlantic victory must also be rated as the basic ingredient of the greatest western offensive of the war.
It was only just in time. By the end of 1944 the breakthrough to a new phase of technology had occurred; the Type XXI and Type XXIII U-boats threatened the anti-submarine forces with a clear view of Square One. The age of the submersible was over; the age of the submarine had begun.
John A Terraine is a military historian, whose books include Business in Great Waters: the U-boat Wars 1916-1945 (1989).
(Photograph omitted)
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Web posted Sunday, September 13, 1998 8:58 a.m. CT
Dr. Ron Dilley and his wife Jennifer, longtime wine collectors, offer a toast.Julia Adkisson/Globe-NewsLearning the language of wine
By MARTY PRIMEAU
Globe-News Features Writer
Thirty years ago, George Lokey knew very little about wine.
But that didn?t stop the Amarillo man from adding a wine cellar to his home and filling it with 5,000 fine domestic vintages.
??I wanted to learn more about wine,?? Lokey said. ??I attended wine tastings and events around the country.??
He discovered Les Amis du Vin, an international wine group.
??I tried to subscribe to their magazine, but you could only get it if you belonged.??
So he joined.
As head of the Amarillo chapter of Les Amis, Lokey hosted a wine tasting for members of the Amarillo Club.
He invited 150 people and flew in a California winemaker to speak to the group.
??The funny thing was that we didn?t know how to taste wine,?? Lokey said with a chuckle. ??We didn?t taste, we drank.??
Each guest consumed about 36 ounces of wine that evening.
??You can imagine what shape we were in,?? he said. ??After that, we learned to taste correctly.??
Correctly tasting wine is a fairly complicated process, experts say, involving small sips and thousands of adjectives.
After noting the color of the wine, the oenophile sticks his or her nose into the glass to ??smell the bouquet.??
Next, the wine is swirled to detect ??legs.??
A very small amount is sipped and held in the taster?s mouth, allowing the tastebuds to savor the distinct flavors.
Last, but not least, the wine is swallowed, and the connoisseur evaluates the ??aftertaste.??
Since Lokey?s first event, wine groups of all types have formed in Amarillo.
Some are informal gatherings of friends who combine gourmet food and wine, while others are serious wine tastings.
??Today, there?s a revival of wine drinking,?? said Andy Keller, wine consultant for the Party Stop stores, ??especially because of the health benefits.??
He said medical research has shown that ??resveritrol, one of the bioflavinoids found in the pigments of the skins of red grapes, keeps the platelets in circulation, thus reducing hardening of the arteries and heart disease.??
For laymen, that means the ingredient works ??like the Roto-Rooter of the bloodstream.??
Keller said he?s seen a transition ??from people sipping white zinfandel at parties to people drinking a glass of red wine with a meal or before bed.??
Not only is it beneficial for the heart, he said, ??it?s also very relaxing.??
Dr. Rick High and his wife, Becky, consider wine a part of their social time together in the evening.
??Before dinner, we like to sip a new chardonnay to appreciate the taste,?? he said.
A wine connoisseur, High has given seminars on wine to the Junior League of Amarillo.
??I define wine terminology ? clarity, bouquet, nose, etc. ? and talk about proper temperature and the proper glasses, so when they go on a wine tour they won?t be intimidated.??
The couple also hosts a wine dinner about once a month for friends who appreciate fine wines.
??Becky and I like to cook together,?? he said. ??I?m a hunter, and I like to prepare wild meat.
??And good wine always complements a meal.??
Dr. Ron Dilley and his wife, Jennifer, also share wine and food with friends.
The Dilleys get together with six other couples who collect wine.
??We design a dinner around the wine,?? said Jennifer, who offers financial services at Summit Financial Group.
??We?ve been collecting wine for more than 16 years,?? she said. ??We read as much as we can, and when we travel, we seek out small local wines. It?s a lot of fun.??
Walter and Carol McNeer started collecting wine in the mid-1980s.
??We have mostly red wines,?? McNeer said. ??And 95 percent is California cabernets. They seem to fit our palates best.??
They joined a local wine group two years ago.
??We meet every other month,?? he said. ??The member who hosts the event determines the type of wine and prepares appetizers or a meal.??
Other members bring bottles of wine to taste, he said.
Larry Guffey, manager of Spirit Emporium and a wine expert for more than 30 years, belongs to the group and talks about the wine or the vineyard before members sample the various vintages.
??We generally do a blind tasting, so the bottles are in brown paper bags with numbers on them,?? Guffey said.
The group also has gone on wine field trips, including a dinner at Stephen?s Restaurant in Albuquerque, N.M.
??The majority of our members are knowledgable and share an interest in wine,?? McNeer said.
??But some just enjoy the fellowship and the event. Lack of extensive knowledge about wine isn?t important, because Larry is there to provide that information.??
Guffey also belongs to a group of chili cooks who host a wine tasting every three months.
??We pick an international theme and match the wine to the food,?? he said. ??If we?re doing Spain, we?ll choose Spanish wines.??
Guffey selects the wines, and each member brings a dish.
Both Guffey and Keller say they try to get information to their customers so they can eliminate ??wine snobbery.??
??The best thing is to get knowledge out there so people aren?t intimidated to order a bottle of wine,?? Keller said.
During the holiday season, he conducts in-store tastings at Party Stop ??to expose people to different wines and to help with the terminology,?? he said.
??The more people taste, the easier it is for them to appreciate the finer points of a wine.??
We'd love to hear your feedback. © 1998 Amarillo Globe-NewsWebmaster
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text:
Explorers to explain mission to Andrea Doria shipwreck
Undersea explorers who spent several days studying the wreck of the Andrea Doria off Nantucket are planning to share their findings.
Undersea explorers who spent several days studying the wreck of the Andrea Doria off Nantucket are planning to share their findings.
A SpaceX capsule headed back to Earth on Wednesday with precious science samples from NASA's one-year space station resident.
Builders of everything from cruise ships and ports to oil rigs offshore wind turbines are tasked with the same question—will their work will be strong enough to stand up to the sea?
Searchers have found wreckage in 15,000 feet (4,570 meters) of water east of the Bahamas, and now a remotely operated deep ocean vehicle will be sent in to see whether it's the cargo ship El Faro that vanished a month ago.
Maritime traffic on the world's oceans has increased four-fold over the past 20 years, likely causing more water, air and noise pollution on the open seas, according to a new study quantifying global ship traffic.
A Russian startup said Wednesday it will launch several satellites in the coming weeks, the country's first private satellite constellation, to offer maritime monitoring services.
(Phys.org) —Researchers with the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) have presented findings at this year's Goldschmidt conference. They report having found bacteria, fungi and viruses living a mile and a half beneath ...
A cruise ship heading for New York this month struck and killed a whale and dragged it into the Hudson River, part of a higher-than-usual rate of strikes along the Eastern Seaboard for this time of year, a federal agency ...
The federal government and the state of Hawaii have reached an agreement for damages from the owner of a cargo ship that harmed more than 100,000 coral colonies several years ago when it ran aground off Oahu.
Three icebreaking ships were Thursday hurrying to reach a Russian vessel carrying 74 people on a scientific expedition which is trapped by ice off Antarctica, with Australian authorities coordinating the rescue mission.


text:
Mayor Cory Booker Now Senator-Elect Cory Booker
D.C. wants to know if he'll be shoveling driveways there.
The race between two New Jersey mayors to fill the late Frank Lautenberg's Senate seat has a winner: As everyone expected, the Associated Press is calling the race for Newark Mayor Cory Booker. The 44-year-old Democratic mayor with more Twitter followers than constituents will become the state's first black senator, by a vote of 54.9 percent to 44 percent, with 94 percent of precincts reporting, according to the New York Times. The win means Booker will finish out Lautenberg's term through next year. If he wants to serve longer (and he almost certainly does) he'll be back on the campaign trail in 2014 for election to a full term. Meanwhile, his Twitter followers are celebrating in their own ways: By showing some skin and asking to have their driveways shoveled.
The only thing close to a scandal for Booker in this election was the revelation that he'd been mildly flirting with a Portland stripper named Linsie Lee, who works at a vegan strip club. It didn't really matter, since the messages were innocent enough and Booker's not married or anything. On Wednesday night, Lee tweeted a topless NSFW congratulations message to Booker, which is more explicit than anything revealed about their exchange.
Booker gained national fame in part by responding to specific requests for help that people shared with him on Twitter – he famously shoveled driveways during the big blizzard in 2010. Now that he's en route to Washington, D.C., his reputation precedes him:
Ooh, @corybooker coming to DC. Can't wait til the first time he shovels my walk and/or saves my dog from burning building.— monica hesse (@MonicaHesse) October 17, 2013


text:
I want to virtualize several linux servers on one physical machine running Ubuntu Server 11.10 for development, are there any free solutions?
closed as not constructive by Ward, Sven♦, EEAA♦, Scott Pack, mailq Jan 2 '12 at 22:33
As it currently stands, this question is not a good fit for our Q&A format. We expect answers to be supported by facts, references, or expertise, but this question will likely solicit debate, arguments, polling, or extended discussion. If you feel that this question can be improved and possibly reopened, visit the help center for guidance.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
KVM, Xen and VirtualBox provide you full virtualization.
LXC (Linux Containers) would be a more light solution, being similar to FreeBSD jails or Solaris zones.
All mentioned are free and open source, but since your question was very short and lacks details, I won't type a longer answer for now.
There are many options available on vmware website. Some of them are free. Others are not.


text:
In the spotlight
This Tuesday, an unprecedented journey started on the shores of Vancouver. For the first time ever, six people from as many First Nations set sail on board the Greenpeace ship MY Esperanza to Haida Gwaii, to help connect coastal communities opposing pipelines and super tankers to the seven-million-strong global movement against Arctic oil drilling.Read more >
Exxon's management successfully defeated all of the shareholder resolutions on climate change at their Annual General Meeting today (though one resolution did pass that may lead to change in the longer term).
The climate...
Amazing news! Today an entire industry including major global brands McDonald's , Tesco , Young's Seafood and Iglo agreed to push back against destruction of our pristine Arctic waters.
Together with the Norwegian Fishing...
On May 15th, the Ottawa-Gatineau Local Group of volunteers joined the Break Free campaign, as part of global wave of resistance against fossil fuels, by showcasing the impacts of the Energy East pipeline. Here's a special blog about...
22 - 24 of 2031 results.


text:
When AMD unveiled their latest series of graphics cards, MSI was ready to improve upon their design by adding military-grade components cooled by Twin Frozr dual 10cm propeller fans. In this article, Benchmark Reviews tests the MSI Radeon R9 270X GAMING 2GB video card. For $199 gamers get a 1120 MHz factory-overclocked UltraHD 4K resolution-ready graphics card with 1280 Stream processors capable of fast frame rates, and support for the upcoming DirectX 11.2 API.
Tag Archive: 912-V303-002
MSI Radeon R9 270X GAMING Video Card Review
9 October 2013
by Olin Coles
Published Categories
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- Olin Coles on Cooler Master MasterLiquid Pro 240 Preview
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- Puriya Yazdanfard on SilverStone ML08 Mini-ITX Slim Case Review


text:
Broccoli Cheese Ring
|1 Bunch (100 gm)
|Bermuda onion
|1 , chopped
|2 Tablespoon
|Lemon juice
|2 Tablespoon
|1⁄2 Teaspoon
|1⁄8 Teaspoon
|1 1⁄2 Cup (24 tbs)
|Shredded process american cheese
|8 Ounce (2 Cup)
|Mayonnaise/Salad dressing
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs)
|Thin french bread slices
|12 , toasted
1. Trim and discard outer leaves and tough ends from broccoli; split large stalks lengthwise. Cook in about 1-inch depth boiling salted water in large saucepan for 10 to 15 minutes, or until crisply tender; drain carefully; keep hot.
2. While the broccoli cooks, saute onion in butter or margarine just until soft in medium-size saucepan. Blend in flour, salt and pepper; cook, stirring constantly, until mixture bubbles; stir in the milk. Cook, stirring constantly, until the sauce thickens and bubbles 3 minutes; stir in cheese until melted; fold in mayonnaise or salad dressing until well blended.
3. Arrange broccoli with stems toward middle on a heated, round platter; stand toast between broccoli stems to form a circle; spoon hot sauce into middle.
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 2308 Calories from Fat 1227
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 138 g212.6%
Saturated Fat 62 g310.1%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 323.7 mg107.9%
Sodium 6489.3 mg270.4%
Total Carbohydrates 180 g59.9%
Dietary Fiber 9.3 g37.2%
Sugars 30.9 g
Protein 93 g185.5%
Vitamin A 73.3% Vitamin C 179.7%
Calcium 220.3% Iron 62%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


text:
WunderPhotos Upload
So, intruder, you wanna pass by ?
Uploaded by: springsun
Monday August 12, 2013
Oudehaske, Netherlands
Caption: You and what army ?
Image Description:
Manufacturer: NIKON
Model: COOLPIX P510
Orientation: top - left
x-Resolution: 1.00/0.00
y-Resolution: 1.00/0.00
Resolution Unit: Inch
Software: Microsoft Windows Photo Gallery 6.0.6001.18000
YCbCr Positioning: co-sited
Compression: JPEG compression
Exposure Time: 1/160 sec.
FNumber: f/4.9
Exposure Program: Normal program
ISO Speed Ratings: 400
Exif Version: Unknown Exif Version
Components Configuration: Y Cb Cr -
Compressed Bits per Pixel: 2.00
Exposure Bias: 0.00 EV
MaxApertureValue: 3.20 EV (f/3.0)
Metering Mode: Pattern
Light Source: 0
Flash: Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode.
Focal Length: 98.1 mm
User Comment:
FlashPixVersion: FlashPix Version 1.0
Color Space: sRGB
PixelXDimension: 4179
PixelYDimension: 2781
File Source: DSC
Scene Type: 1
Custom Rendered: Normal process
Exposure Mode: Auto exposure
White Balance: Auto white balance
Digital Zoom Ratio: 0.00
Focal Length In 35mm Film: 550
Scene Capture Type: Landscape
Gain Control: High gain up
Contrast: Normal
Saturation: Normal
Sharpness: Normal
Subject Distance Range: Unknown
Image Unique ID: 2EB7B19DC00C410B80D59C46209D26B2
GPS tag version: 0x32, 0x33, 0x30, 0x30
North or South Latitude:
Latitude: 0.00/0.00, 0.00/0.00, 0.00/0.00
East or West Longitude:
Longitude: 0.00/0.00, 0.00/0.00, 0.00/0.00
Altitude reference: 0x00
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GPS Img Direction Reference:
GPS Img Direction: 0.00/0.00
InteroperabilityIndex: R98
InteroperabilityVersion: 0100
Latitude (decimal): 0.000000
Longitude (decimal): 0.000000
August 12, 2013 Photo Series
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text:
Handicapping Kerry and Bush's Race
With just under seven weeks until Election Day, polls show President Bush leading Sen. John Kerry. NPR's Melissa Block talks with E.J. Dionne, a columnist for The Washington Post, and David Brooks, columnist for The New York Times, about the week's developments in the presidential race and what issues each candidate is pushing.
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Please keep your community civil. All comments must follow the NPR.org Community rules and terms of use, and will be moderated prior to posting. NPR reserves the right to use the comments we receive, in whole or in part, and to use the commenter's name and location, in any medium. See also the Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Community FAQ.


text:
Summer Reading
Summer is the perfect time to discover the love for new and interesting books to read! To help children and their families find books that children can read successfully because they are at this level, the Parklawn literacy team encourages parents to check out the suggested reading list that matches your child's reading level, which was sent home in your child's end of year progress report. Many of these books are available for checkout at the local library.
The local library link is to George Mason Regional Library, where grade 1 recently hosted their Summer Family Literacy Night.
Thank You to Regal Cinemas Kingstown 16
A big THANK YOU to Regal Cinemas Kingstowne 16 for donating popcorn for our end of third quarter Parklawn Pride popcorn party! Each classroom set a goal to earn a number of Pride tickets for safe, respectful, and responsible behavior choices. Goal-achieving classrooms can choose to celebrate with this delicious treat!
Chicks Hatching in Second Grade
Ms. Bignotti's and Ms. Lopez-Novillo's second grade classes have been studying the life cycle of chickens. Below is a time lapse video of the chicks hatching from their shells.
The children are excited to meet their new baby chicken friends!
Parklawn Thanks it's Awesome Volunteers
Parklawn Panthers appreciate our volunteers by hosting breakfast and performing for our wonderful community members who dedicate their time and energy to our children!
Calling All Blue Hair!
Why are our Administrators turning their hair blue?
Because,,,students met their school wide Quarter 1 goal of 927 Pride Tickets. Students earn PRIDE tickets based on displaying the three core expectations of being Safe, Reasonable and Respectful. Each class monitors the tickets for incentives and collectively we had over 1,000. Go Panthers!
Bring Your Own Device Program
This school year all students in grades two through five will be allowed to bring their own electronic devices to school as long as it is for instructional purposes.
Check out our "Bring Your Own Device" page to learn more about this program.
Annual Flyer Distribution for Non-Profits
In accordance with Regulation 1367, Parklawn ES designates 3 Tuesdays for distribution of flyers and related information from nonprofit organizations. The dates for the 2015 - 2016 School Year will be October 7, March 17, and May 26. Flyers need to be delivered one week in advance and have this phrase printed at the bottom: "These materials are neither sponsored nor endorsed by the Fairfax County School Board, the Superintendent, or this school." In the event of a shortage, we will not make copies of fliers.
Please contact Luz Laguna for more information.


text:
Business ground to a halt a year ago, but bearing out the adage that the business of America is business, it did not stay down for long.
In Amarillo, some businesses were hardly affected by the aftermath of the terrorist attack, while others are still finding new ways to operate.
Businesses related to travel or firms that routinely send representatives out on the road have felt the biggest impact. Other businesses have put into place contingency plans to maintain operations and records if another disaster - man-made or natural - occurs.
Many businesses were seeing slower conditions already as part of the normal business cycle, said Don Taylor of the West Texas A&M University Office of Business Services.
The drop in the stock market, part of a two-year trend, has had little effect on the economy, he said, whether the slide now is being fueled by post-Sept. 11 fears or other factors.
The economy is strong, Taylor said. "The stock market fluctuations are having little effect on businesses. Most of them have gone ahead with business as usual."
Among the airlines, the after-effect is still being felt. American Airlines spokesman Todd Burke said that a curtailment in airline reservations for Sept. 11 this year was already being felt in August, leading to cutbacks in flights for that day.
Southwest Airlines, the only major airline to continue showing a profit even though its revenue is down 80 percent from a year ago, is still in a recovery mode, said spokeswoman Christine Turneabe-Connelly.
Because Southwest's business model calls for a quick turnaround time for its aircraft, the new security restrictions have caused the airline to scramble to keep its turnaround time for aircraft at 20 minutes, Turneabe-Connelly said.
In Dallas, for instance, airline passengers had no more than four screening areas to contend with before the attacks, she said. Now they have seven.
"We're trying to minimize the hassle factor," Turneabe-Connelly said, which has led the airline to revise its boarding pass procedure more quickly than it had intended.
After the attacks, Southwest had deferred the delivery of new aircraft, but since then has taken all but two of those aircraft, she said.
Lucille Quinto, owner of Creative Travel of Amarillo, said the vacation business has slowed this summer, with Mexico a favored spot, followed by cruises. Bookings to Europe, though, were still slow.
Jimmy Witcher, Tech Spray president, said the changes in travel processes made travel for company representatives more difficult, although in recent months the process has become smoother. Typically, the company has nine people who travel two or three times a month, he said, with a few of those trips international travel.
Karen James, a spokeswoman for SBC Corp., said the telephone company's business services division has gotten more inquiries from companies wanting help with business continuity plans as a way to deal with disasters.
James said SBC advises businesses to assess their operations and the preparations for continuing operations and recovering data after a disaster.
An insurance company based at the World Trade Center used the 1993 attack as a warning to put in place a continuity plan, she said. SBC worked with the company and advised moving data backup away from the main office, and devised an emergency voice network for the company.
When the airliners hit the World Trade Center, the insurer was able to track its assets and keep its business up and running from an alternate location, James said.
David Dickerson, a counselor with the WT Small Business Development Center, said he didn't see a downturn in business last year until after the holidays. Since then, though, the center has been as busy as ever in advising its small-business clients.
One small-business operator who had just started last summer was called up for reserve duty in New Mexico after the attacks, Dickerson recalled. The business would have failed if he had not been able to get a hardship release.
Small business has had a lot of opportunities created by shop-at-home campaigns, said David Terry of the Office of Business Services at WT.
Typically, when the economy slows, customers search out higher quality products and services, he said.
"Small businesses that serve their customers well thrive in times like these," he said.
Randy Jeffers of Coldwell Banker First Equity Realtor said commercial real estate has continued its usual pattern of a busy cycle for 12 to 18 months, followed by a lull of three to six months, followed by another spurt.
"The market is just digesting some of the activity we've had over the past six months," Jeffers said.
Residential real estate in the $250,000 and up category had slowed, he said, but is showing signs of sparking again.
David Hemphill, executive vice president of First American Bank, said business for his bank continued to expand during the past year.
Amarillo has been more insulated from the downturns from both Sept. 11 and from the general slowing of the national economy, he said, because it had not been at the extreme end of the boom during the good times.
Hemphill said he expects to see growth return to the economy during the fourth quarter of this year and during next year, with commercial building picking up then, also.
Amarillo Globe-News © 2016. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Service | Privacy Policy / About Our Ads


text:
First Run Features // 2005 // 105 Minutes // Not Rated
Reviewed by Appellate Judge Daryl Loomis (Retired) // March 13th, 2008
Can't a woman just make a little moussaka in peace?
In 2000, Kambuzia Partovi, the director of Border Cafe, wrote the screenplay for the highly acclaimed The Circle, about the desperation of three Iranian Women. The tagline of The Circle was, "Her only crime was being a woman," and the same line could have been used for Border Cafe. That's not to say it's a rehash of old ideas; stories about women's issues from the Middle East are too rare and far too necessary to ever seem derivative. This story of a desperate woman's struggle for independence takes a form similar to films like Tampopo and Babette's Feast, in which the joy of food can reveal that power in women is often fearsome to men.
Reyhan (Fereshteh Sadre Orafasi, The Circle), a recently widowed Iranian woman, has inherited her late husband's cafe on the border of Iran and Turkey. Her amazing dishes make the restaurant extremely popular with the truckers passing through, but no matter how well she cooks, the simple action of a woman running a business is disgraceful to her husband's family. In order to save face and, coincidentally, save his own restaurant from failing due to the popularity of Reyhan's, her brother-in-law Nasser (Parviz Parastoei) demands she marry him and give up her shameful actions. Her refusal sends the family into turmoil, and Nasser will go to any length to shut her down.
Border Cafe begins just after the death of Reyhan's husband. We meet her and her two young daughters as she prepares to reopen her restaurant. Very little back story is given; all we know is that her intentions have mortified her in-laws. Reyhan is not motivated to destroy Iranian culture or tradition, her only desires are to cook, the one skill she feels comfortable about herself, and to take care of her children who, by far, are the most important things in her life. Reyhan is strong and full of love, beautiful in every way, but the only people who can see this are the foreigners she comes in contact with. A Russian vagabond becomes stranded at the restaurant, and out of sheer compassion for her plight, Reyhan takes her in and teaches her some of what she knows. A Greek trucker shows up one day to rest and becomes enchanted by her cooking, but quickly falls in love with her and her daughters through Reyhan's strength. All the Iranians can see, however, is her gender. By using tradition and appealing to the perceived weakness of women, Nasser brings the government into the community's simple life in an attempt to destroy Reyhan's spirit and bring her to her rightful station of subservience. By all rights, and in a less even-handed film, Nasser's actions would imply pure selfish villainy. Part of the value of Border Cafe is in its fairness. Old tradition is so ingrained in Nasser that he doesn't think to question his role in Reyhan's life. Whether he wants to or not, his obligation is to take care of his brother's family, and he can't truly care for Reyhan if she is independently running a business. He really does feel that he's doing the right thing, and his attempts are thrown back in his face. He cannot change his ways and cannot understand how Reyhan would undermine these simple facts of Iranian culture.
Structurally, Border Cafe is a slow roast of a movie. The story moves at a snail's pace, yet the plot almost magically emerges with seemingly none of the typical devices. The Greek suitor or Russian vagabond subplots could have played out in more melodramatic fashion, but Partovi understands the importance of restraint both in the characterizations and in the plotline. Nothing feels forced; everything in the story grows organically out of the vast Iranian desert. The traditional Iranian music is beautiful but muted, accenting the action without overpowering anything. The photography is fantastic, but not flashy. It sets the brightly painted buildings very nicely against the brown and tan backdrops, giving a sense of realism without making the film look like a documentary. The actors perform beautifully, and especially the two leads. Orafasi and Parastoei work magic together to give the very natural animosity between them a weight that, again, feels completely unforced. Orafasi gives Reyhan great silent strength and Parastoei (husband of the director) reveals a very conflicted, well-meaning but horrible, Nasser. Everybody in the film is quite good, but the two leads are extremely impressive in the depth of their performances.
First Run Features is to be commended in principle for their release of Border Cafe, as well as the other films in their Global Lens Collection, but I really wish they had spent more time and energy cleaning up the print. For a film that is a mere three years old, the transfer looks like a well-worn VHS copy with its unnaturally muted colors and black levels that are dotted with muddled reddish-brown tints. It's unfortunate that a film this good would look so bad. First Run isn't necessarily noted for their restoration efforts, but they could have done a much better job here. The stereo sound is a little better, but still not great. The dialogue and music are clear, but there are definite hisses and pops during quieter times. It certainly doesn't ruin the film, but it does take something away from this beautiful film, especially since there's little to no chance of a re-release.
I haven't seen a lot of Iranian film, or Middle Eastern film in general, but if Border Cafe is exemplary of the film industry from the region, I must see more. Maybe it moves a little more slowly than I would ordinarily like, but it works well in the context of the story. Partovi's even-handedness is impressive, especially in the treatment of the antagonist, who is villainous but still very human. I am excited to see more work from Partovi, though I hope that better care is given to the work of this very promising Iranian artist.
Border Cafe is cleared of any and all charges. First Run Features is
guilty of delivering a subpar release of a first rate film but is free to go
based on past excellence. Case dismissed.
Review content copyright © 2008 Daryl Loomis; Site layout and review format copyright © 1998 - 2016 HipClick Designs LLC
Scales of Justice
Video: 65
Audio: 75
Extras: 70
Acting: 95
Story: 90
Judgment: 85
Perp Profile
Studio: First Run Features
Video Formats:
* 1.66:1 Non-Anamorphic
Audio Formats:
* Dolby Digital 2.0 Stereo (Farsi)
* English
Running Time: 105 Minutes
Release Year: 2005
MPAA Rating: Not Rated
Distinguishing Marks
* Discussion Guide
* IMDb


text: On Sun, Jun 14, 2009 at 05:10:14PM +0200, Mathieu Bridon (bochecha) wrote: > However, if we change the default, you have a system that may be > giving too much permissions to some users depending on your taste. And > the worse part is that you (as an admin) might not even know it ! The semantics of the wheel group are pretty well defined. -- Matthew Garrett | mjg59 srcf ucam org


text:
RSS marquee is a simple module to scroll the rss feed title in the joomla website. Basically this module reads the given rss feed and display the title with simple HTML marquee(scroll) in the selected location. we can use this to display the latest news feed from the other website. the module demo available below. no coding knowledge required to setup this module, just follow the article step by step to configure the module.
Feature of this module
- Easy to customize
- Easy styles override option
- Configurable scroll amount
- Option to update scroll delay
- Option to update the scroll direction
- Option to pause the scroller on mouse over
Live demo available below. Please check my other module to scroll the feed vertically.
Module installation instruction
- Download the rss marquee module from the download location.
- Log into the administrator section of your site.
- Go to Extensions ==> Extension Manager.
- Upload the available zip file.
- Finally click upload file and install.
Creating a new module instance
In your Joomla admin go to the module manager (Extensions ==> Module Manager in your admin menu). You should see the module rss marquee listed among the others. Simply click on the module name to open the module editor.
If you cannot find an instance of your new module, click the new button. The new module should be listed among the types available, select rss marquee which will create a new instance.
Set up the module parameters
Joomla 1.6.x to Joomla 2.5.x : The right hand column displays parameters that are specific to your module rss marquee. use below mentioned parameters to customize the module.
Joomla 3.1.x : Go to Basic options tab to set up the module parameters. Please check below admin screens.
RSS link: Enter the rss feed which you want to display into your website
Scroll amount: This property is for scroll amount.
Scroll delay: This property is for scroll delay.
Direction: Select the direction which you want to scroll the text.
Style: Here we can type the HTML CSS style.
Module admin screen (Joomla 1.6.x to Joomla 2.5.x)
Module admin screen (Joomla 3.1.x)
Frequently asked questions
Q1. Is possible to update the scrolling speed?
Yes, Option available in the module parameter, Update Scroll Delay value.
Q2. Is possible to update the scrolling direction?
Yes, Option available in the module parameter, select Direction value.
Q3. Is possible to update the scrolling text style?
Yes, Option available in the module parameter, Update the Style text-box value from the module admin.


text:
I have been working on my site for the better part of this afternoon. Then I decided it was high time to upgrade so I back-up up using SQL...
right before I started to update my wordpress though, I thought I would take a look at some things and change some words, but now for some reason when I went to (http://www.comicbooksyndicate.com/wp-admin/) it comes up absolutely BLANK.
I've tried looking through other threads at peoples problems... and they all seem to be associated with plug-ins, which I am not using AT ALL.
what could the problem be?


text:
Home Solar Solutions
Our solar lights are designed to operate independent of the power grid. If illumination is needed in an area where there is no power or you experience continuos power failures our LED and Metal Halide Solar Lights are the answer. If it's portable light you need our SolarEyes Solar courtyard light can be mounted permanently or as a portable area light by mounting it on a stand similar to an outdoor umbrella. The SolarEye is completely self contained and fully automatic. When the sun is up it is charging and when the sun goes down it turns on automatically. You never have to adjust it for seasonal changes. Simply mount the light point the solar panel toward the sun and it is ready to go! If more illumination is required we offer a high power Metal Halide Solar Light.
|20W LED Solar Street Light AESCNH50B$578.00
|30W LED Solar Street Light AESCNH65B$678.00
|Remote Control Solar 25W LEDSCMLR25$322.00
|Remote Control Solar 4W LEDSCMLR12$224.00
|Solar Courtyard Light 12W LED SCL12/18$525.00
|Solar Courtyard Light 8W LED SCL8/15$475.00
Shopping cart
View your shopping cart.


text:
Skip to Main Content
IEEE membership options for an individual and IEEE Xplore subscriptions for an organization offer the most affordable access to essential journal articles, conference papers, standards,
eBooks, and eLearning courses.
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Unsupervised Techniques of segmentation are simple and result in satisfactory segmented image. This paper presents an automatic segmentation method based on unsupervised segmentation done on Ultrasound (US) images received from radiologist. US imaging is widely used in clinical diagnosis and image-guided interventions, but suffers from poor quality. One of the most important problems in image processing and analysis is segmentation. US image are difficult to segment due to low contrast and strong speckle noise. Here we present three unsupervised techniques namely thresholding, K-means clustering and expectation maximization and compare their results. Uniqueness of this paper is that EM technique is used on texture featured image which gives far better result of segmentation.
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text:
Try this Vegetable Quinoa Bake recipe, or contribute your own.
286 people want to try | 152 have favorited
VEGETABLE QUINOA BAKE: Quinoa, the ancient South American grain with a nutty flavor and chewy texture, teams up with a medley of vegetables for this casserole. This makes an impressive centerpiece for holiday dinners or other festive occasions. Jay prepared this dish on "Alive and Wellness," a cable television show, and it was a big hit. PREHEAT oven to 400F/200C. In a large saucepan, heat the oil. Add the onion, mushrooms, bell pepper, jalapeno pepper, if desired, zucchini, and garlic and saute for about 5 to 7 minutes. Stir in the water, quinoa, squash, carrots kale, and seasonings and bring to a boil. Transfer the mixture to a 9" X 13" casserole dish and cover. Bake for 30 to 40 minutes, until all of the liquid is absorbed. Remove from the oven and fluff with a fork. Let stand for 5 minutes before serving. Makes 6 to 8 servings. SOURCES >The Global Vegetarian (1995) Jay Solomom; (Contemporary Books 0809234297). >firstname.lastname@example.com MC-PER SERVING: 178CAL, 3.9G fat (18.8% cff). 31.6g carbs >Eat-lf Archive January 1998. INDEX: Eat-Lf Grains Main-Dishes Quinoa Vegetarian Recipe by: Global Vegetarian by Jay Soloman Posted to Digest eat-lf.v097.n018 by KitPATh
shade36 1y agoI made this with spinach in a large Dutch oven and it was great! Thank you for the recipe!
Nikhomemadegood 1y agoYum. Omitted carrots and used potatoes instead of butternut. The kale was excellent in this. I did use chicken broth instead of water. The dish needs broth for flavor. I think Indian spices would bump it up to 5 stars - I did add cumin & thyme, but next time I will increase garlic and use curry coriander garam masala etc.
Chefbert 1y agoI made a version of this dish. Instead of using quinoa, I made the dish with spelt. I had it bake in the oven for an additional 10 minutes. Also, I used vegetable broth. For an added kick, I squirted in two shots of sirracha. I did not add kale into the dish.
amandagendron 2y ago
lisamaryxoxo 2y ago
christineshepherd 3y ago
slynch513 3y agoThe kids and I both enjoyed this meal. Very tasty and very filling. I think I might add a few Indian spices to it next time - which will be soon.
jenniferfrye1 4y agoFantastic! My husband HATES squash and he helped himself to seconds!
Spinster74 4y agoI also used stock for flavour and added toasted nuts when serving. Tasty!
Cinta50 4y agoThis was delicious... A little bland the first time I made it, but the 2nd time I used stock instead of water, and added sultanas and slivered almonds... Ssoooo good!!


text:
Hopes Are Rosy On Alzheimer's, But Results Slim
Published: July 30, 1996
(Page 2 of 2)
Dr. Dennis J. Selkoe, a professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School, favors the hypothesis that cells are injured by an external protein, one known as beta amyloid. Pointed and straight like a toothpick, beta amyloid aggregates into microscopic plaques that start to fill part of the brain. It is an abnormal variant of a normal brain protein and is made by clipping a long precursor protein at the wrong spot. It appears in the brain at least 10 to 20 years before the symptoms of Alzheimer's begin.
The process begins with "diffuse plaques," Dr. Selkoe said, that may each contain just a few hundred protein filaments. Eventually, the plaques fill up with these beta amyloid proteins. By the time a patient shows symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, each plaque may have hundreds of thousands of filaments in it. In the laboratory, these filaments in turn injure nerve cells, eventually killing them.
But, Dr. Davies said, beta amyloid protein cannot be the entire story. Many people have amyloid plaques, which are found after their deaths at autopsies, but no signs of Alzheimer's, he said. Also, mice who have been genetically engineered to produce amyloid protein do develop plaques but not the tangles that are a second hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Tangles are abnormal structures inside brain cells that precede their dysfunction and death.
For these reasons, Dr. John Q. Trojanowski, a professor of pathology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, said, "to be ruthlessly honest, you have to admit the possibility that plaques are circumstantial" in the development of Alzheimer's disease. He and his colleague, Dr. Virginia M.-Y. Lee, favor the second hypothesis, that cell injury and death occurs from the tangles that build up inside cells when a crucial internal protein goes awry. The normal role of that protein, called tau, is to stabilize the microtubules that handle the cell's protein-transport system.
Are plaques and tangles the causes or effects of Alzheimer's? The tools of cell biology, sophisticated as they are, cannot yet resolve this fundamental question.
"I think it's just not conclusive yet in terms of how the disease works," said Dr. Rudolph E. Tanzi, an Alzheimer's researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
"I think it's important to keep an open mind," said Dr. Neil Buckholtz, who directs Alzheimer's disease research at the National Institute on Aging.
Even genetics, the strong suit of molecular biology, has not provided the ultimate answer that might be expected of it, or even preliminary answers. Researchers have found genes that increase the likelihood that a person will get Alzheimer's disease, and they have also found three genes that, when mutated, cause Alzheimer's disease in everyone who inherits them. These mutations occur in only a minute proportion of Alzheimer's patients, and they may not even cause exactly the same disease because those symptoms appear when people are in their 40's or 50's, far earlier than with ordinary Alzheimer patients. Studies of what goes wrong in cells with the mutated genes should eventually yield important clues about the nature of Alzheimer's and other pathologies, but nothing much has been produced yet.
The problem for the drug companies that want to develop drugs to slow the p rogress of Alzheimer's disease is how to hedge their bets. Should they go after tau and try to prevent tangles inside cells? Should they go after beta amyloid and try to prevent plaques outside cells? Or should they do both?
Dr. Trojanowski said he had recently spent two days at a company, whose name he declined to give, discussing exactly this conundrum.
"The bottom line of anyone you corner and press hard would be to say we do not know how neurons are dying," Dr. Trojanowski said. But he said, "This is such a terrible disease that pharmaceutical companies feel they have to move forward in the face of imperfect knowledge." He added, "You have to hope that you're on target with your target."
And researchers remain ever hopeful.
"There are still a lot of questions, but it was only within the past 10 to 15 years that we even recognized Alzheimer's disease as a major problem," Dr. Buckholtz said.
"Until the mid-1980's, people used to think of it as a hardening of the arteries, senility," he added. "Now we know that Alzheimer's disease is different from normal aging. I think we've made tremendous progress in finding what the genes are, what the course of illness is, and in starting to develop new kinds of drugs."
Dr. Trojanowski said, "Ten years ago we would have said that it may be 50 years before we have a therapy." But he added, "Now we can anticipate drugs going into therapeutic trials, and maybe one or multiple ones will hit."
Photos: Dr. John Q. Trojanowski, top, suspects damage in Alzheimer'sdisease starts from inside the cell (Paul Barry); Dr. Dennis J. Selkoe favors the theory of damage starting from outside. (Brigham and Women's Hospital)(pg. C3) Diagram: "2 Theories of How Damage Occurs in Alzheimer's Disease" From Inside the Cell Tau proteins, which normally stabilize microtubules in brain cells ... undergo abnormal chemical changes and assemble into spirals called paired helical fragments ... thus creating tangles that disrupt cell functions and lead to cell death. From Outside the Cell Beta amyloid peptides, secreted by brain cells, are normally soluble, and any excess is cleared away ... but when they become insoluble, they collect in the space between cells, herded together into fibrils by chaperone proteins. The large plaques that form damage brain cells and attract reactive cells, which cause further damage. (Sources: Dr. John Trojanowski and Dr. Virginia M.-Y. Lee/University of Pennsylvania Medical Center)(pg. C3)


text:
Building a Better Scrap Trap
Ralph Gardner Jr. Checks Out How Pros Dispose of Food Waste
One of the more ill-advised purchases I've made in recent years was a composter. My understanding was that you dump your food scraps, wilted flowers, et cetera in the thing, which is shaped like a giant drum, and rotate it occasionally. Then wait a few months and—voilà!—the organic matter had magically turned into high-quality mulch that you could spread in your garden. Or something like that.
Things didn't go according to plan. The drum, about the size of a dresser, was virtually impossible to turn. So we didn't. After ignoring the object for several months, while things were apparently festering inside, my wife decided to throw in some scraps one day—and a swarm of insects flew out.
That was about two years ago, and the last time we risked approaching the device. My plan now is to mount the courage to do so one last time, transporting it to the bottom of our driveway in the back of the car, and attaching a "free" sign to it.
If only I'd known about the ORCA at the time we bought the drum. The ORCA, which stands for organic refuse conversion alternative, is a machine that takes only 24 hours to transform food waste into water that travels harmlessly down the drain, the same way tap water does. It uses microorganisms to accelerate the breakdown of everything—from hot dogs and hamburgers, to apples, onions, corn, pineapples, radishes, endive, even Cracker Jack, if you have it. Pretty much the only thing that gives an ORCA indigestion are avocado pits and lemon grass.
"No blades, no chopping, no grinding," boasted Michael Forman, an account manager for the ORCA, as we stood in the kitchen of the Waldorf Astoria admiring the OG-25, the smallest model. It can handle 25 pounds of food waste an hour.
"We have an OG-50 and an OG-100," Mr. Forman added. "Citi Field has the 100. The last day of the season they had 900 pounds of food waste going into the machine. It was a big challenge."
But apparently one ably met.
"We just signed up the Cubs," added Spiro Frangos, director of Strategic Accounts at Totally Green, ORCA's manufacturer.
While a desire to help the environment motivated David Garcelon, the Waldorf's director of culinary, to lease the machine—$900 to $1,800 a month, depending on the model, or $30,000 to $50,000 to buy outright—he also had more practical considerations. As of July 1, 2015, the city will require hotels with 100 or more sleeping rooms and businesses such as arenas, caterers and food wholesalers to dispose of food waste through composting, aerobic or anaerobic digestion (don't ask me the difference), or some other approved method that diverts food waste from landfills.
North America sends 106 billion pounds of organic waste to landfills each year, according to Totally Green, which makes ORCA. That's like 200,000 garbage trucks creating 37 billion pounds of greenhouse gases each. And that doesn't even count the stench from the garbage—an aroma familiar to most New Yorkers, especially during the warm weather months—and the critters the odor invariably attracts, not all of them microbial.
"There will be days when we have to trim 1,000 pounds of asparagus spears," Mr. Garcelon explained. "When you cut the ends off them you'll have 300 to 400 pounds of trim."
Rather than depositing the detritus in garbage bins and having workers lug it up and down stairs, risking back injury, it's easier and perhaps even safer just to dump it in the ORCA's maw.
"The other motivation for us," Mr. Garcelon said, "is that we spend in excess of $250,000 hauling garbage out of this building. I'd say 60% of that is food waste. We think eventually there will be some savings for us."
The ORCA is used in the production kitchen, which services the Waldorf's banquet business and restaurants. There's a separate ORCA for the food waste from the Peacock Alley restaurant.
"We're looking to put one in Oscar's kitchen as well," said Mr. Frangos, referring to Oscar's Brasserie, where Eggs Benedict and Lobster Newburg were said to have been invented.
However, lobster shells might take a bit longer to decompose than tasty Hollandaise or ham. Bones are apparently a bit of a lift for the ORCA, which runs on a ½ horsepower electric motor. So is vinegar because of its acidity.
Room service is another problem, according to Mr. Garcelon, because room-service food tends to be mixed with other garbage such as newspapers, shopping bags and even swizzle sticks, making it more difficult to separate.
Perhaps the greatest challenge is persuading the Waldorf's veteran staff, which has been dispatching garbage the old-fashioned way for decades, to think of the ORCA as the disposal of first resort. "At first I didn't like it too much," admitted Jeanne D'Angelo, chef saucier tournant. "I just thought it was weird. But it's good for the Earth."
However, Esther Azzopardi, banquet chef de partie, has become a devotee, embracing the ORCA without hesitation.
"All the food, you put it in there," she explained as she proudly flipped open the hood of the device. The Waldorf's pricey table scraps were being rotated and transformed into something the appearance and consistency of dirty oatmeal. "After an hour it's long gone," she said.
Ms. D'Angelo said her colleague has even been known to rescue food from the conventional garbage, just so she can watch the ORCA perform its magic.
"I get upset with my chefs," Ms. Azzopardi admitted, "because they throw out the garbage."
"When I'm making sauce," Ms. D'Angelo said, "I'll go to throw the beef scraps in the garbage and she'll say, 'No! No!' She'll run over and take over just so she can put it in the machine."
"It needs water," Ms. D'Angelo added, to keep the food moist and to facilitate the decomposition process, as Ms. Azzopardi applied a hose. "She waters it like flowers in her garden."


text:
Moeller 034590-10LP Primer Bulb, 3/8" Hose Barbs
This item is found in the following Product Families
Moeller Primer Bulbs
Want to improve the performance of your boat's engine? The Moeller Low Perm Primer Bulb provides optimum flow of fuel to enhance the engine …
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text:
Is Paul Berendt Leaving?
The reason I was talking to Democratic State Party Chair Paul Berendt today was this: I was tracking a rumor that he was planning to leave his post. Word was Gregoire had offered him a government job in Olympia.
The rumor also had it that Dwight Pelz, the Democratic brawler and soon-to-be ex-King County Council Member who lost his bid for a city council seat this fall against Richard McIver, was going to take Berendt's place.
Survey says:
Berendt, who's been Dem chair for 11 years, said the rumors that he may be leaving "are not without substance." But he added that "nothing is imminent" and he "does not have any new job offer." He said "some people have talked to me [about different jobs], and I'm keeping an open mind."
However, Berendt repeated that "nothing is imminent, and the rumors [that he's leaving] are premature."
As for Pelz. He's wind surfing in Vietnam right now. So I couldn't reach him for a comment.


text:
Posts filtered on Tag
Tag: Commercials
New law says TV ads can't blare anymore
By email@example.com (Mike Damante) on December 13, 2012 at 11:50 AM
TV viewing could soon sound a little calmer. The CALM Act, which limits the volume of TV commercials, goes into effect Thursday. CALM stands for Commercial Advertisement Loudness Mitigation. The act is designed to prevent TV commercials from blaring at… …
Categories: General
Tags: Commercials | Funny | Odd | Television | Video | More
- Tags:
- Commercials | Funny | Odd | Television | Video | Viral
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text:
I am new in learning about Cisco Frame Relay. And I am having trouble in understanding the difference between using physical interface or multipoint subinterface, because it looks the same to me. Example in the topology below:
All routers are in the same subnet and there are two PVCs. In order for Router0 to communicate with Router1 and Router2, there are two options.
The first is to use the physical interface s0/0/0 of Router0 like this:
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 102
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.3 103
And the second option is by using the multipoint subinterface on s0/0/0 of Router0 like this:
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
interface Serial0/0/0.123 multipoint
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 102
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.3 103
Both configuration are working fine, tested on Cisco Packet Tracer and GNS3.
And now my question is why creating a subinterface if you can use the physical interface directly?
Are there any advantages or disadvantages on each configuration?
I really need an explanation, please help me.
Thanks in advance!
PS: I am not including the point-to-point case, because it already make sense to me (in the point-to-point case, subinterface is needed because the PVCs are in different subnet)


text:
Bathroom Window Blinds & Shades
- Moisture resistant window treatments
- Provide an adequate level of privacy
- Consider room darkening options
- Shutters are a natural fit
- Top picks are faux wood blinds, cellular shades & roller shades
While privacy is a major concern in the bathroom, blinds and shades that are able to withstand high levels of humidity are the best choice. Treatments made out of vinyl, PVC, faux wood, or thick fabric will be durable enough to stand up to the unique environment. These window treatments won't bend, warp, crack, or harvest mildew and are sure to withstand the test of time. Many bathroom shades can be configured with a top down/bottom up lift for the ultimate in flexible privacy. The slats on faux wood bathroom blinds and shutters can be tilted upwards to admit some light while still maintaining privacy.
Levolor® Accordia™ Room Darkening Designer Cellular Shades
retail $95.55 $64.00 + an extra 15% off
Comfortex® Honeycomb Cellular Shades: Blackout
retail $137.36 $92.00 + an extra 10% off
Certified Best for Kids
Products with this label meet or exceed safety recommendations approved by the Window Covering Manufactures Association (WCMA) and have undergone rigorous third-party testing.
Levolor® Accordia™ Room Darkening Premium Cellular Shades
retail $165.72 $111.00 + an extra 15% off
1/2" Pleat (1)
.5 inch (1/2 of an inch), are small-medium, and equivalent to 24 pleats per foot.
9/16" Pleat (2)
.5625 inch (5/8 of an inch), are the thickness of a deck of cards and equivalent to 21 pleats per foot.
- 1/2" Pleat (1)
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Take a look at our wide selection of motorized blinds and window treatments
Top Seller (1)
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Child Safe (1)
Blindsgalore offers a wide variety of window treatment options that improve child safety.
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customer reviews for bathroom
"Great Shades!!!"
By Lin Loves Levelor from Lancaster
Ordered these because I already love Levolor....we have them in several windows in the house. We tried the room darkening this time and they are amazing--really darken!!! The color is just as shown on the sample and matches the room perfectly. I will order Levelor again.View this product
"Great Product!"
By NoMoRetail from Hercules
I purchased two cellular shades for our kitchen doors and they fit perfect! Great priceView this product


text: Hey all, I have a jobboard, http://www.newbraunfels-jobs.com. I bought a SSL and am trying to figure out how to make it appear when the people click on the Post Job button because they have to pay. If you type https in there it will work, but who is gonna do that? Thanks.


text:
Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes Getting a Divorce
Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes are divorcing after five years of marriage. "This is a personal and private matter for Katie and her family," Holmes' attorney Jonathan Wolfe told People. "Katie's primary concern remains, as it always has been, her daughter's best interest."


text:
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
, Volume 7, Issue 2, pp 139-172
First online:
Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from trophic mass-balance assessments
- CARL WaltersAffiliated withFisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia
- , VILLY ChristensenAffiliated withInternational Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management
- , DANIEL PaulyAffiliated withFisheries Centre, The University of British ColumbiaInternational Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management
Rent the article at a discountRent now
* Final gross prices may vary according to local VAT.Get Access
The linear equations that describe trophic fluxes in mass-balance, equilibrium assessments of ecosystems (such as in the ECOPATH approach) can be re-expressed as differential equations defining trophic interactions as dynamic relationships varying with biomasses and harvest regimes. Time patterns of biomass predicted by these differential equations, and equilibrium system responses under different exploitation regimes, are found by setting the differential equations equal to zero and solving for biomasses at different levels of fishing mortality. Incorporation of our approach as the ECOSIM routine into the well-documented ECOPATH software will enable a wide range of potential users to conduct fisheries policy analyses that explicitly account for ecosystem trophic interactions, without requiring the users to engage in complex modelling or information gathering much beyond that required for ECOPATH. While the ECOSIM predictions can be expected to fail under fishing regimes very different from those leading to the ECOPATH input data, ECOSIM will at least indicate likely directions of biomass change in various trophic groups under incremental experimental policies aimed at improving overall ecosystem management. That is, ECOSIM can be a valuable tool for design of ecosystem-scale adaptive management experiments
Reference tools
- Title
- Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from trophic mass-balance assessments
- Journal
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
Volume 7, Issue 2 , pp 139-172
- Cover Date
- 1997-06
- Print ISSN
- 0960-3166
- Online ISSN
- 1573-5184
- Publisher
- Kluwer Academic Publishers
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Authors
- CARL Walters (1)
- VILLY Christensen (2)
- DANIEL Pauly (1) (2)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. Fisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2204 Main Hall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
- 2. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, MC PO Box 2631, 0718, Makati City, Philippines


text:
T-Mobile now offering $100 towards any new BlackBerry
This BlackBerry vs. T-Mobile spat has turned in to a real game of cat and mouse. After BlackBerry announced it was ending its contractual agreement with Tmo to sell new devices, it started offering $100 towards any new unlocked device from ShopBlackBerry. In response, T-Mobile … [read full article]


text:
SAN FRANCISCO - A reader skims the comics in her hometown newspaper. Between "Peanuts" and the harmless antics of Garfield the cat, a deceptively childlike cartoon so arouses her ire that she fires off a letter to the author.
"I find it increasingly disturbing to discover that such repulsive behavior is being thrown at us from every medium. ... But a COMIC STRIP?!?!?!?," the offended reader writes. "I had grown up with the impression that comic strips were supposed to be lighthearted, funny and pleasurable to read."
The strip in question was "For Better or for Worse," Lynn Johnston's long-running look at family relationships. When Johnston devoted her syndicated cartoon in 1993 to a gay character's coming out of the closet, she received boxloads of hostile correspondence, the likes of which forms the backbone of an exhibit at San Francisco's Cartoon Art Museum.
"Hate Mail: Comic Strip Controversies" is an attempt by the 16-year-old museum to illustrate the often anachronistic relationship Americans have with the funnies. The show features reader responses and inflammatory debated cartoons by seven artists, ranging from Doonesbury's Garry Trudeau, who is in his 33rd year as a comic strip rebel, to such young muckrakers as Frank Cho, creator of the racy "Liberty Meadows," and Aaron McGruder, the satiric mind behind "The Boondocks."
"Despite decades of evidence to the contrary, there is still very much this idea in some people's minds that the comics are a place of solace where you get away from crime and violence, that the comics are only wholesome family fare," said museum director Rod Gilchrist.
The 28-year-old McGruder's experience with "The Boondocks" following the events of Sept. 11, 2001, was the stimulus for the show. A strip in which he compared President Reagan to a terrorist who had aided Osama bin Laden drew a heated reaction from the grieving public, which in turn provoked a sarcastically patriotic series from an obviously unrepentant McGruder.
In a scene reminiscent of the post-Watergate period when Trudeau caught heat for using "Doonesbury" to declare Attorney General John Mitchell "Guilty, guilty, guilty," many newspaper editors either temporarily suspended "The Boondocks" or relocated it to their opinion pages as they fielded phone calls from readers threatening to cancel their subscriptions. Trudeau, incidentally, won a Pulitzer Prize for editorial cartooning the same year as the Mitchell flap, an honor that annoyed political cartoonists who did not consider Trudeau a member of their tribe.
Museum Curator Jenny Dietzen said that while most people have grown accustomed to Trudeau's humor, readers often feel betrayed when cartoonists whom they originally viewed as benign "take risks."
When Wiley Miller took on Christian fundamentalists in "Non Sequitur" or Scott Adams had Dilbert make a few jokes about cannibalism, they, too, heard from readers.
Dietzen said the public's image of cartoons as a purely G-rated medium recalls a time that never was. Early versions of "Brenda Starr" showed a reporter as buxom as Cho's latter-day heroine, Brandy, while "Dick Tracy" fans were treated to a steady diet of violence. Harold Gray used "Little Orphan Annie" as a platform for blasting Roosevelt's New Deal politics, and "Pogo" openly lampooned communist-baiting Sen. Joe McCarthy.
"It's a misconception that a lot of people have because a lot of comics are very appropriate for kids," she said. "But the really successful ones like 'Peanuts' were written on two levels, for adults and for kids."
Many cartoonists resent it when newspaper editors bow to pressure from aggrieved readers. A combination of burnout, fatherhood and five years of selective editing prompted "Liberty Meadows" cartoonist Cho to give up on newspapers and pursue the comic book market.
"For every 100 positive letters I got I received one negative one," said Cho, 31, who was often told to tone down the overt sexuality of his strip. "The negative letters I got were from your general crackpots who are way too sensitive for their own good, but of course feature editors ignore the 100 positive ones and listen to this one negative one."
At its peak of popularity, "Liberty Meadows" appeared in 100 newspapers. By the time Cho canceled the strip, it was down to about 30. He figures that about 350 strips, one-fourth of his output over the years, were changed - Cho prefers the term "censored" - to make them more family friendly.
"Newspapers are basically 50 years behind the whole entertainment curve," Cho said. "They really need to be more open-minded about comic strips, because at the rate they're going, they're only going to cater to senior citizens."
As the United States prepares for war with Iraq, few readers have expressed displeasure with the barbed skepticism that has appeared in "Doonesbury" and "The Boondocks," according to Lee Salem, editor of Universal Press Syndicate, which distributes both strips. While that could change, depending on the course of the conflict, it also may reflect a growing acceptance that the funnies "need a good mix of humor," Salem said.
At the same time, Salem doesn't anticipate a day when all cartoonists use comic strips to display their biting wits.
"Most cartoonists aren't out there trying to break down barriers. They want to reach readers," Salem said. "There are a few who like to push the boundaries and that process has certainly enlivened the comics pages. But if every comic strip did that, they would be pretty boring."
"Hate Mail" runs through June 8 and will not travel.
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text:
I am trying to rearranging my menu links, but when I do, empty boxes appear underneath. Please see this photo: https://fbcdn-sphotos-e-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-prn2/t1/1743712_10151984354864403_2030808491_n.jpg
I have tried deactivating the plugins, i have tried reinstalling wordpress, but sadly nothing is happening.
I have also read the trouble shoot.
If you require any more information, please ask.