text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 21, 2010
|Filing date
|Dec 28, 2006
|Priority date
|Dec 28, 2006
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Cheng Wang, Youfeng Wu
|Original Assignee
|Intel Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (23), Non-Patent Citations (14), Referenced by (7), Classifications (8), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to the field of processor execution and, in particular, to execution of groups of instructions.
Advances in semi-conductor processing and logic design have permitted an increase in the amount of logic that may be present on integrated circuit devices. As a result, computer system configurations have evolved from a single or multiple integrated circuits in a system to multiple cores and multiple threads present on individual integrated circuits. A processor or integrated circuit typically comprises a single processor die, where the processor die may include any number of cores or threads, which are often viewed from the perspective of software as logical processors. A core or thread is may also be referred to as a resource, such as a processing resource.
The ever increasing number of resources on integrated circuits enables more software threads to be executed simultaneously. However, the increase in the number of software threads that may be executed concurrently have created problems with synchronizing data shared among the software threads. One common solution to accessing shared data in multiple core or multiple logical processor systems comprises the use of locks to guarantee mutual exclusion across multiple accesses to shared data. However, the ever increasing ability to execute multiple software threads potentially results in false contention and a serialization of execution.
For example, consider a hash table holding shared data. With a lock system, a programmer may lock the entire hash table, allowing one thread to access the entire hash table. However, throughput and performance of other threads is potentially adversely affected, as they are unable to access any entries in the hash table, until the lock is released. Alternatively, each entry in the hash table may be locked. However, this increases programming complexity, as programmers have to account for more locks within a hash table.
Another data synchronization technique includes the use of transactional memory (TM). Often transactional execution includes speculatively executing a grouping of a plurality of micro-operations, operations, or instructions. In the example above, both threads execute within the hash table, and their accesses are monitored/tracked. If both threads access/alter the same entry, one of the transactions may be aborted to resolve the conflict.
However, when a transaction is aborted and an initial state of registers and locations updated in the transaction is restored. Often this is referred to as roll-back. Typically during a transaction every update is logged so that locations may be rolled-back in response to an abort. Yet, logging every update is potentially inefficient for register state.
The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not intended to be limited by the figures of the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific hardware support for transactional execution, specific tracking/meta-data methods, specific types of local/memory in processors, and specific types of memory accesses and locations, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that these specific details need not be employed to practice the present invention. In other instances, well known components or methods, such as coding of transactions in software, demarcation of transactions, specific multi-core and multi-threaded processor architectures, interrupt generation/handling, cache organizations, and specific operational details of microprocessors, have not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.
A value, as used herein, includes any known representation of a number, a state, a logical state, or a binary logical state. Often, the use of logic levels, logic values, or logical values is also referred to as 1's and 0's, which simply represents binary logic states. For example, a 1 refers to a high logic level and, 0 refers to a low logic level. However, other representations of values in computer systems have been used. For example the decimal number 10 may also be as a binary value of 1010 and a hexadecimal letter A.
Moreover, states may be represented by values or portions of values. As an example, a locked state may be represented by a first value in a location, such as an odd number, while a version number, such as an even value, in the location represents an unlocked state. Here, a portion of the first and second value may be used to represent the states, such as two lower bits of the values, a sign bit associated with the values, or other portion of the values.
The method and apparatus described herein are for efficient checkpointing of storage locations to support transaction roll-back. Specifically, efficient checkpointing of storage locations to support transaction roll-back is primarily discussed in reference to multi-core processor computer systems. However, the methods and apparatus for efficient checkpointing of storage locations to support transaction roll-back are not so limited, as they may be implemented on or in association with any integrated circuit device or system, such as cell phones, personal digital assistants, embedded controllers, mobile platforms, desktop platforms, and server platforms, as well as in conjunction with other resources, such as hardware/software threads, that utilize transactional memory.
Referring to
The modules shown in processor 100, which are discussed in more detail below, are potentially implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. Note that the illustrated modules are logical blocks, which may physically overlap the boundaries of other modules, and may be configured or interconnected in any manner. In addition, the modules as shown in
Bus interface module 105 is to communicate with a device, such as system memory 175, a chipset, a north bridge, or other integrated circuit. Typically bus interface module 105 includes input/output (I/O) buffers to transmit and receive bus signals on interconnect 170. Examples of interconnect 170 include a Gunning Transceiver Logic (GTL) bus, a GTL+ bus, a double data rate (DDR) bus, a pumped bus, a differential bus, a cache coherent bus, a point-to-point bus, a multi-drop bus or other known interconnect implementing any known bus protocol.
Processor 100 is coupled to memory 175, which may be dedicated to processor 100 or shared with other devices in a system. Examples of memory 175 includes dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), non-volatile memory (NV memory), and long-term storage. Bus interface unit 105 as shown is also to communicate with higher level cache 110.
Higher-level cache 110 is to cache recently fetched and/or operated on elements. In one embodiment, higher-level cache 110 is a second-level data cache. However, higher level cache 110 is not so limited, as it may be or include instruction cache 115 to store recently fetched/decoded instructions. Instruction cache 115, which may also be referred to as a trace cache, is illustrated before fetch logic 120 and decode logic 125. Here, instruction cache 115 stores recently fetched instructions that have not been decoded. Yet, instruction cache 115 is potentially placed after fetch logic 120 and/or after decode logic 125 to store decoded instructions.
Fetch logic 120 is to fetch data/instructions to be operated on/executed. Although not shown, in one embodiment, fetch logic includes or is associated with branch prediction logic, a branch target buffer, and/or a prefetcher to predict branches to be executed/taken and pre-fetch instructions along a predicted branch for execution. Here, a processor capable of speculative execution potentially prefetches and speculatively executes predicted branches. Decode logic 125 is coupled to fetch logic 120 to decode fetched elements.
Allocator and renamer module 150 includes an allocator to reserve resources, such as register files to store instruction processing results and a reorder buffer to track instructions. Unit 130 may also include a register renamer to rename program/instruction reference registers to other registers internal to processor 100. Reorder/retirement module 125 includes components, such as the reorder buffers mentioned above, to support out-of-order execution and later retirement of instructions executed out-of-order. In one embodiment, where processor 100 is an in-order execution processor, re-order/retirement module 155 may not be included.
Scheduler and execution module 120, in one embodiment, includes a scheduler unit to schedule instructions/operations on execution units. Register files associated with execution units are also included to store information instruction processing results. Exemplary execution units include a floating point execution unit, an integer execution unit, a jump execution unit, a load execution unit, a store execution unit, and other known execution units.
Also shown in
In one embodiment, processor 100 is a multi-core processor. A core often refers to any logic located on an integrated circuit capable of maintaining an independent architectural state, wherein each independently maintained architectural state is associated with at least some dedicated execution resources. In one embodiment, execution resources, such as execution module 160, include physically separate execution units dedicated to each core. However, execution module 160 may include execution units that are physically arranged as part of the same unit or in close proximity; yet, portions of execution module 160 are logically dedicated to each core. Furthermore, each core may share access to processor resources, such as higher level cache 110.
In another embodiment, processor 100 includes a plurality of hardware threads. A hardware thread typically refers to any logic located on an integrated circuit capable of maintaining an independent architectural state, wherein the independently maintained architectural states share access to some execution resources. For example, smaller resources, such as instruction pointers, renaming logic in rename allocator logic 150, an instruction translation buffer (ILTB) may be replicated for each hardware thread, while, resources, such as re-order buffers in reorder/retirement unit 155, load/store buffers, and queues may be shared by hardware threads through partitioning. Other resources, such as low-level data-cache and data-TLB 165, execution unit(s) 160, and parts of out-of-order unit 155 are potentially fully shared.
As can be seen, as certain processing resources are shared and others are dedicated to an architectural state, the line between the nomenclature of a hardware thread and core overlaps. Yet often, a core and a hardware thread are viewed by an operating system as individual logical processors, with each logical processor being capable of executing a thread. Logical processors may also be referred to herein as resources or processing resources. Therefore, a processor, such as processor 100, is capable of executing multiple threads on multiple logical processors/resources. Consequently, multiple transactions may be simultaneously and/or concurrently executed in processor 100.
A transaction includes a grouping of instructions, operations, or micro-operations, which may be grouped by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. For example, instructions may be used to demarcate a transaction. Typically, during execution of a transaction, updates to memory are not made globally visible until the transaction is committed. While the transaction is still pending, locations loaded from and written to within a memory are tracked. Upon successful validation of those memory locations, the transaction is committed and updates made during the transaction are made globally visible. However, if the transaction is invalidated during its pendency, the transaction is restarted without making the updates globally visible. As a result, pendency of a transaction, as used herein, refers to a transaction that has begun execution and has not been committed or aborted, i.e. pending. Two example systems for transactional execution include a Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM) system and a Software Transactional Memory (STM) system.
A Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM) system often refers to tracking access during execution of a transaction with processor 100 in hardware. For example, a cache line 166 is to cache data item/object 176 in system memory 175. During execution of a transaction, annotation/attribute field 167, which is associated with cache line 166 is utilized to track accesses to and from line 166. For example, attribute field 167 includes a transaction read bit to track if cache line 166 has been read during execution of a transaction and a transaction write bit to track if cache line 166 has been written to during execution of the transaction.
Attribute field 167 is potentially used to track accesses and detect conflicts during execution of a transaction, as well as upon attempting to commit the transaction. For example, if a transaction read bit in field 167 is set to indicate a read from line 166 occurred during execution of a transaction and a store associated with line 166 from another transaction occurs, a conflict is detected. Examples of utilizing an attribute/annotation field for transactional execution is included in co-pending application with Ser. No. 11/027,623 entitled, "Transaction based shared data operations in a Multiprocessor Environment."
A Software Transactional Memory (STM) system often refers to performing access tracking, conflict resolution, or other transactional memory tasks in software. As a general example, compiler 179 in system memory 175, when executed by processor 100, compiles program code to insert read and write barriers into load and store operations, accordingly, which are part of transactions within the program code. Compiler 179 may also insert other transaction related operations, such as commit, abort, recovery, backup, roll-back edge, and control flow edge operations, as discussed in more detail below in reference to
As shown, cache 165 is still to cache data object 176, as well as meta-data 177 and transaction descriptor 178. However, meta-data location 177 is associated with data item 176 to indicate if data item 176 is locked. A read log, which may be present in transaction descriptor 178, is used to log read operations, while a write buffer or other transactional memory, which may include lower-level data cache 165, is used to buffer or log write operations. Inserted calls for validation and commit utilize the logs to detect conflicts and validate transaction operations.
Referring to
In one example, each data object is associated with a meta-data location in array of meta-data 240. As an illustrative embodiment, an address associated with cache line 215 is hashed to index array 240, which associates meta-data location 250 with cache line 215 and data object 201. Note that data object 201 may be the same size of, smaller than (multiple elements per line of cache), or larger than (one element per multiple lines of cache) cache line 215. In addition, meta-data location 250 may be associated with data object 201 and/or cache line 215 in any manner.
Usually, meta-data location 250 represents whether data object 201 is locked or available. In one embodiment, when data object 201 is locked, meta data location 250 includes a first value to represent a locked state, such as read/write owned state 252. As an example, the first value includes a reference, such as a pointer, to a transaction descriptor. A transaction descriptor is often to store information related with the transaction, such as transaction ID, a resource structure, or other information associated with a transaction. In one embodiment, a read log and/or write log is included in the transaction descriptor.
Another exemplary lock state, which meta-data 250 may represent, is Single Owner Read Lock (SORL) state 253, which is discussed in more detail in co-pending related application entitled, "A mechanism for Irrevocable Transactions," with Ser. No. 11/648,485. Yet, any lock or lock state may be utilized and represented in meta-data location 250.
Typically, when unlocked, or available, meta-data location 250 includes a second value. In one embodiment, the second value is to represent version number 251. Here, version number 251 is updated, such as incremented, upon a write to data object 201, to track a current version of data object 201. Versioning allows transactions to validate their operations by ensuring the data objects utilized in the transaction have not been modified, as represented by a modified version number.
The example above includes one embodiment of implementing an STM; however, any known implementation of an STM may be used. STMs are discussed in the following articles: "Implementing a High Performance Software Transactional Memory for a Multi-core Runtime" by Bratin Saha, Ali-Reza Adl-Tabatabai, Rick Hudson, Chi Cao Minh, and Ben Hertzberg, Proceedings of the eleventh ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming; "Software Transactional Memory" by N. Shavit and D. Tuitou, Proceedings of the Fourteenth ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing; "Language Support for Lightweight Transactions", by T. L. Harris and K. Fraser, Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages and Applications; and "Compiler and runtime support for efficient software transactional memory," by Ali-Reza Adl-Tabatabai, Brian Lewis, Vijay Menon, Brian Murphy, Bratin Saha, and Tatiana Shpeisman. Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Programming language design and implementation."
In fact, any known system for performing transactional memory may also be used, such as an HTM, an STM, an Unbounded Transactional Memory (UTM) system, a restricted transaction memory (RTM) system, a hybrid Transactional Memory system, such as a hardware accelerated/assisted STM (HASTM), or any other transactional memory system. Co-pending and related application entitled, "Hardware Acceleration of a write-buffering software transactional memory," with Ser. No. 11/784,859 discusses hardware acceleration of an STM. Co-pending application entitled, "Overflow Method for Virtualized Transactional Memory," with Ser. No. 11/479,902discusses extending/virtualizing an HTM.
With any of the aforementioned transactional memory systems, during speculative execution of a transaction a data conflict potentially occurs leading to an abort of the transaction. In response to an abort, any speculatively updated memory locations are restored to their original value before the transaction started, which is often referred to as "transaction roll-back."
Turning to
When compiling code, the compiler is capable of detecting transactions. For example, a first transaction is detected when a start transaction instruction at start transaction point 305 is encountered. Often a start transaction instruction and a corresponding end transaction instruction are used to demarcate a transaction or transaction region, such as the transaction region demarcated by start transaction point 305 and end transaction point 360. However, other instructions or demarcating operations may define a transactional region of code.
Storage elements updated and/or utilized during execution of the transaction may need to be backed-up, i.e. checkpointed, to ensure original register states are capable of being restored upon an abort of the transaction. Therefore, a storage element to be utilized in execution of the transaction is determined to be checkpointed. In one embodiment, the storage element is to be checkpointed if the storage element is modified in the transaction. In another embodiment, the storage element is to be checkpointed if the storage element is a live-in storage element. As a combination of the two, a register may be determined to be checkpointed, if it is both a live-in register that is modified in the transaction.
Often a live-in storage element refers to a storage element, which stores, holds, or includes data outside the transaction, which is to be utilized in the transaction. Therefore, from the perspective of a transactional region, a live-in storage element may also be referred to as a storage element "coming in" to the transaction. For example, in
Note that live-in storage elements may be determined/computed at any time during compilation or optimization. In one embodiment, checkpointing operations, such as operations 310 and 315 are inserted before compiler optimizations. Here, the transaction region, checkpoint instructions 310 and 315, and roll-back/recover instructions 311 and 312 are all able to benefit from compiler optimizations.
A storage element refers to any element to store data. Examples of a storage element include a register, a hardware register, an abstract register, a virtual register, a memory location, and a memory location in a program stack associated with the first transaction. As discussed above in reference to
Here, checkpoint operations 311 and 312 are inserted at or before critical section entry point 320 to backup live-in registers n and r. In one embodiment, operations 311 and 312 include a copy or store operation to store the original contents of locations n and r in n_bkup and r_bkup, respectively. Often the grouping of operations 311 and 312, as well as other inserted storage element backup operations is referred to as checkpoint block of code 310, or just checkpoint 310.
In addition to checkpoint block of code 310, recovery block 345 is also inserted to perform recovery operations in response to a rollback of the transaction. Here, operations 346 and 347 are to restore the original values stored in n_bkup and r_bkup to registers n and r, respectively, in response to an abort event. Recover block of code 345 may also be referred to as a recovery point. Similar to operations 311 and 312, operations 346 and 347 include copy or store instructions to store the contents of n_bkup and r_bkup in registers n and r before re-executing the transaction.
In addition, rollback edge 340 is inserted at abort point 335 to direct a program flow in the transaction region to the recovery block in response to an abort event. An abort event includes any event leading to an abort of the transaction. For example, an abort event includes encountering an invalid read/load in the transaction, a data conflict, an irrevocable operation, a function call, or other known event that potentially causes an abort of a transaction. In the examples above, a function call is included as an abort event, as an abort of the transaction may occur within a callee function; therefore, in one example, all function calls are determined to be potential abort points. In one embodiment, rollback edge 340 is inserted at all possible abort points in the transaction region.
To illustrate, at the end of a transaction, often in response to encountering a commit instruction, a read set of the transaction region is validated using version values, as discussed above. If the read set is valid then the transaction commits accordingly, but if the read set is not valid the transaction aborts. Here, a pseudo code representation of this action include: if(read_set==valid) {commit}; else abort;. Rollback edge 340 may be inserted to form the following pseudo code illustrative embodiment: if(read_set==valid) {commit}; else goto recovery block 345;. Therefore, the insertion of a control flow operation referencing recover block 345 creates rollback edge 340 from abort point 335 to recover block 345.
Typically, when a transaction aborts, the transaction is retried. Therefore, another control flow operation is inserted at recovery point 345, which is potentially after recovery operations 346 and 347, to direct the program flow from recover block 345 to transaction entry point 320. Here, insertion of this flow control operation is referred to as inserting control flow edge 350. In one example, control flow edge 350 potentially directs flow to checkpoint 310. However, as n_bkup and r_bkup already contain the original contents of registers n and r, there is no need to re-execute checkpoint instruction 311 and 312. Therefore, control flow edge is directed to the critical section entry point to re-execute the transaction.
In one embodiment, due to the insertion of roll-back edge 340 and recovery edge 350, a compiler is aware that n_bkup and r_bkup are potential inputs during execution of the transaction. As a result, the compiler ensures that backup registers, n_bkup and r_bkup, are not overwritten until the transaction is committed. In other words, the compiler is biased against re-using registers n_bkup and r_bkup in response to rollback edge 340.
Turning next to
However, in checkpoint block 410, storage elements n and r are backed up in memory locations Mem[n] and Mem[r]. As stated above, registers n and r may be backed up in any storage elements, such as any type of register or memory location.
The illustrative embodiment depicted in
In another embodiment where compiler optimizations do not remove memory operations that appear to be dead after checkpointing operations are inserted, the roll-back edge to checkpointing operations 411 and 412 is kept from being optimized away
Next in
In one embodiment, operation 548 is inserted into recovery block 445 to restore the original n+1 value in p before re-execution of the transaction body through control flow edge 450 to transaction body entry 420. Note that after compiler optimizations are performed, such as the ones shown, live-in registers and other operations may have updated since the insertion of checkpoint and recovery operations. As a result, more operations may be inserted, while previous inserted operations are removed. As an example, if storage element r is determined not to be modified inside the transaction, i.e. a live-in storage element, after a compiler optimization, operations 412 and 447 may be removed.
Referring to
Next, in flow 610 it is determined if a first storage element is to be checkpointed. Note that all storage elements to be checkpointed may be determined in flow 610, and corresponding instructions may be inserted in groups or blocks. Also, the operations inserted in the flow illustrated may be inserted in any order. For example, the fourth operation to direct program flow from the recovery point to the transaction entry point may be inserted before the third operation to direct a program flow from the abort point to the recovery point.
In one embodiment, storage elements to be modified in the first transaction are determined to be checkpointed. In another embodiment, all live-in storage elements are determined to be checkpointed. Alternatively, live-in storage elements to be modified in the first transaction are determined to be checkpointed. A storage element refers to any element capable of storing data and/or instructions associated with the first transaction, such as any type of register or memory location. If no storage elements are to be checkpointed, then the rest of the first transaction is compiled and optimized in flow 615.
However, if a first storage element is to be checkpointed, a first operation is inserted at a transaction entry point of the first transaction to backup the first storage element in a second storage element in flow 620. For example, a copy operation to copy the contents of a first live-in register to a second backup virtual register is inserted. In another embodiment, an operation to backup a register in a program stack location is inserted.
Next, in flow 625 a second operation is inserted at a recovery point to restore the first storage element with the second storage element. In one embodiment, a copy operation is inserted to copy the contents of the second backup storage element to the first storage element to restore the state of the first storage element. In addition, in flow 630 a third operation is inserted at an abort point to direct a program flow from the abort point to the recovery point. Here, the third operation provide a roll-back edge from a potential abort point to the recovery point to ensure the transaction is rolled-back properly to attempt re-execution.
In flow 635, a fourth operation is inserted after the recovery point to direct the program flow from the recovery point to the transaction entry point. The fourth operation forms a control flow edge to re-execute the transaction. In one embodiment, the control flow edge directs the program flow to the transaction entry point after the first operation, as the second storage element already includes the contents of the first storage element when the recovery point is reached.
Turning to
In flow 725, a first live-in register is detected. Any know method of computing or detecting live-in values, operations, or registers may be used. A second backup register is allocated in flow 730, and checkpoint code is inserted before the transaction body entry to back the contents of the first live-in register to the second backup register in flow 735. Next, recovery code is inserted into the recovery block of code to recover the original contents of the first register from the second register in flow 740. In one embodiment, flows 725-740 are performed recursively until all live-in registers, all-modified registers, or all live-in modified registers, as designated by design implementation, are efficiently checkpointed. Finally, in flow 745 compiler optimizations of the original application/program code and the inserted code are performed.
In flow 825 a first live in storage element, such as a register, is detected. However, in flows 830-840, a memory location in a program stack with a size of the first live-in storage element is allocated, a checkpoint operation at a transaction entry is inserted to backup the first live-in register in the memory location, and recovery code is inserted into the recovery block of code to recover the first storage element from the memory location. As above, flows 825-840 may be recursively performed until instructions/operations/edges associated with the storage elements to be checkpointed are inserted. Then, in flow 845, compiler optimizations, such as trace based optimizations and partial redundancy elimination (PRE), are performed on the original and inserted code.
As illustrated above, storage elements referenced in program code may be efficiently checkpointed through compiler inserted operations/instructions and edges. Live-in registers are backed up with checkpoint code to backup storage element, while recovery of the live-in registers is performed in inserted recovery code. In one implementation, a roll-back edge from potential abort points to the recovery code is inserted, which enables the compiler to preserve the backup storage elements from modification during execution of the transaction. In addition, when function calls are detected in the transaction, the live-in registers may be backed up in program stack locations.
The embodiments of methods, software, firmware or code set forth above may be implemented via instructions or code stored on a machine-accessible or machine readable medium which are executable by a processing element. A machine-accessible/readable medium includes any mechanism that provides (i.e., stores and/or transmits) information in a form readable by a machine, such as a computer or electronic system. For example, a machine-accessible medium includes random-access memory (RAM), such as static RAM (SRAM) or dynamic RAM (DRAM); ROM; magnetic or optical storage medium; flash memory devices; electrical, optical, acoustical or other form of propagated signals (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals); etc.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In the foregoing specification, a detailed description has been given with reference to specific exemplary embodiments. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than a restrictive sense. Furthermore, the foregoing use of embodiment and other exemplarily language does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or the same example, but may refer to different and distinct embodiments, as well as potentially the same embodiment.
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|T. Harris and S. Marlow, S.P. Jones, and M. Herlihy. Composable Memory Transactions. In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, 2005.
|Timothy Harris, MarkPlesko, Avraham Shinnar and David Tarditi, Optimizing Memory Transactions. In Proceeding of Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, 2006.
|Torval Riegel, Christof Fetzer, and Pascal Felber, "Snapshot Isolation for Software Transactional Memory," TRANSACT'06.
|V. J. Marathe, W. N. Scherer III, and M. L. Scott. Adaptive Software Transactional Memory. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Symposium on Distributed Computing, 2005.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 13, 2010
|Aug 16, 2011
|Intel Corporation
|Compiler technique for efficient register checkpointing to support transaction roll-back
|Dec 28, 2006
|May 6, 2014
|Intel Corporation
|Handling precompiled binaries in a hardware accelerated software transactional memory system
|Mar 15, 2013
|Dec 29, 2015
|Intel Corporation
|Instruction boundary prediction for variable length instruction set
|May 6, 2014
|Apr 5, 2016
|Intel Corporation
|Handling precompiled binaries in a hardware accelerated software transactional memory system
|Dec 28, 2006
|Jul 3, 2008
|Bratin Saha
|Handling precompiled binaries in a hardware accelerated software transactional memory system
|Dec 2, 2010
|Cheng Wang
|Compiler technique for efficient register checkpointing to support transaction roll-back
|Jun 11, 2010
|Dec 15, 2011
|Jaewoong Chung
|Processor support for hardware transactional memory
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 11, 2010
Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WANG, CHENG;WU, YOUFENG;REEL/FRAME:024525/0236
Effective date: 20100611
Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WANG, CHENG;WU, YOUFENG;REEL/FRAME:024525/0236
Effective date: 20100611
|Feb 19, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
Reload the page and try again.
Campus is not very diverse. Most people are quite accepting though. Minorities have their own little community.
The diversity on campus is one of the best things about Geneseo! There are people from many different cultures, and each adds a unique flavor to the campus. As far as I've seen, the Geneseo community is very acepting and they embraces differences.
Very diverse, people form around the world, many clubs can be joined as well to fit the interests of various groups.
Acceptance is high on campus. However, the campus is not overly diverse.
There are quite a lot of diversity because many students Is from different areas and have different interests.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Escaped Travis County inmate led law enforcement on chase before recapture
During a chase, he jumped from the second story window and ran across the parking lot. He had to be hit with a stun gun twice before being t…
New business revives old Carlos'n Charlie's spot
The resurrection of an old lakeside hotspot is the latest celebration for the triumphant return of Lake Travis.
Boil water notice lifted in Bastrop
Several people living a portion of Tahitian Village in Bastrop were being asked to boil their water after a main broke.
Man killed, another injured in head-on crash
A man is his 30s was killed Thursday evening in a head-on crash near Koenig Lane and Middle Fiskville Road, near Highland Mall.
St. Louis band has gear stolen while in Austin
The nationally touring band Foxing had more than $30,000 worth of gear and equipment stolen on Thursday.
Rick Perry: Republicans are the ones offering hope for black families
Perry is the latest White House hopeful to weigh in on the racial divide, an emerging theme in the 2016 presidential contest.
'No refusal' holiday weekend starts Friday morning
Several law enforcement agencies will conduct a "no refusal" weekend this Fourth of July weekend.
Man charged with killing Cedar Park baby gets 30 years
The man accused of killing a Cedar Park baby by placing the child's head between his knee and the floor has accepted a plea deal of 30 years…
San Antonio man pleads guilty in several Austin bank robberies
A San Antonio man plead guilty on Thursday to a string of bank robberies along Interstate 35.
KXAN investigation wins a Texas Gavel Award
The winners will be honored during an awards luncheon in September at the Freedom of Information Foundation of Texas (FOIFT) annual conferen…
Austin police responds to terroristic threats targeting Fourth of July events
While the department isn't aware of any immediate threats made to central Texas, law enforcement agencies across the area say they want to i…
Sales banned at facility where disease found in captive deer
The disease is caused by proteins believed to be spread through deer urine, saliva and feces.
Family injured in hit-and-run boat crash
Law enforcement expects this Fourth of July weekend to be busy on Lake Travis and area lakes.
Task force will oversee campus carry plan for UT
The law allows Texas residents who have concealed handgun licenses to carry handguns onto a higher education campus.
Police: Woman pistol whipped trying to recover stolen purse
Instead of letting the thieves drive away, a woman tried to retrieve her purse and ended up getting hurt.
Otteroo recalls baby floats due to drowning risk
The seam on the flotation device can leak air and deflate, posing a risk of drowning.
Love your country, love your dog: Keep pets safe over July 4
To us, fireworks are the sparkling embodiment of July Fourth. But to dogs, they truly are bombs bursting in air.
Police: Man chokes on weed during traffic stop
Quinton Duane Baker didn't forget to eat his greens during a June 30 traffic stop in North Austin, according to police.
Caldwell County train derailment damages tracks
We are working to get more information Thursday about a train derailment in Caldwell County.
Man's body found on W. Slaughter Lane
The man's body was found around 8:30 a.m. on Thursday.


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My wife and I will be spending a week in West Palm Beach in mid-March -- our first visit to the area. Will the ocean water be warm enough to enjoy snorkeling (without a wet suit)?
If so, could you recommend a snorkeling tour that's geared more towards adults? I'm not looking for a party boat, but we'd like something that at least includes alcohol (and most of the "family" tours appears to exclude any alcoholic beverages). Thanks.


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Bet24 release Pandora's Box video slot
Bet24 Casino have just released and added the video slot, Pandora's Box to their slot selection. The game plays on an ancient greek theme and is released by NetEntertainment software. Pandora's Box is a 5 reel 20 payline slot machine which has all the items of the classic mythical times of Greece. In this game you will find Golden wild symbols with Zeus as the main feature and plenty of relics of these times such as helmets, shields, grapes and Pandora's Box which is the Scatter. There are plenty of multipliers in this game which are set off by the various symbols and during the Free Spins bonus round. Play either for fun or in Real mode. You can spin the reels for as little as a cent however it is the maximum bets that pay off in this slot game with a maximum win for over €130,000. There are also many reasons to visit the Casino as they feature a range of ongoing promotions and tournaments and currently the jackpot has exceeded €1,400,000. The Casino offer a 100% Sign Up Bonus which os worth a total of €100.


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I like to open a number of different apps in different windows, ans as soon as there is any activity in any space the screen jumps to that space. how can I open an app in a space and not jump to it form the space I am working in. this function is available in various versions of Linux but not in a mac.
I was just looking for this my self, and found the answer here: http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=2008021122525348
To Summarize: Use the following Terminal command
and restart the dock.


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Bob Schieffer Had No Idea That He Said 'Obama' Instead of 'Osama,' Doesn't Really Care
"What are you going to do?"
"I saw it in a story last night. I said to my wife, 'Did I say that?' And she said 'Yeah, you did.' I had no idea I said that. But what are you going to do?" —Bob Schieffer to Politico, on accidentally saying 'Obama bin Laden' during the debate last night.


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Three billion people live in rural areas in developing countries. Conditions for them are worse than for their urban counterparts when measured by almost any development indicator, from extreme poverty, to child mortality and access to electricity and sanitation. And the gulf is widening, contributing to large-scale migration to urban areas. This situation exists despite half a century of rural development theories and approaches, and despite the global momentum built around the Millennium Development Goals between 2000 and 2015. Without greater progress on rural development, it is unlikely that the new Sustainable Development Goals will be met. This book calls for a new paradigm for rural development that is equipped to meet the challenges and harness the opportunities of the 21st century – including climate change, demographic shifts, international competition and fast-moving technological change.
Mayors from cities across the United States, Asia, Europe, Africa and Latin America gathered in New York to launch a global campaign to address rising inequalities and foster inclusive growth in their cities, in their countries and worldwide.
Overview of the joint FAO-OECD-UNCDF project "A Territorial Approach to Food Security and Nutrition Policies". The joint initiative aims to assess, scale up, and pilot innovative policy approaches and governance mechanisms to improve food security and nutrition in emerging and developing countries. The Publication will be launched on 29 April 2016 at OECD Headquarters in Paris, France.
Blog article on the complex and multi-dimensional challenges faced by city policy-makers in addressing urban issues at all levels of government.
Since the start of the economic reform process in the 70s China has been able to generate a large volume of investment, both from domestic and foreign sources. This high volume of investment was instrumental in sustaining strong economic growth and related improvements in living standards. However, this growth model is not longer sustainable. Returns on investment have fallen, excessive capacity is plaguing several sectors and the negative externalities have been very onerous, notably in terms of environmental degradation and rising income inequality. A key objective of the Chinese government is therefore to move the economy towards a more balanced, sustainable and inclusive growth path as envisaged by the 13th Five-Year Plan. In this adjustment process, the country is seeking new approaches for smarter, greener and more productive investment. This will require mutually reinforcing reforms to improve investment planning, rebalance the role of government and market forces, mainstream responsible business conduct and encourage greater private investment, especially in green infrastructure. China's growing role as an outward investor may act as catalyser for the required reforms at home, as Chinese private and state-owned enterprises have to adopt internationally recognised practices and standards .
Since 1950, the number of urban agglomerations in West Africa increased from 152 to almost 2 000, and today towns and cities are home to 41% of the region's total population. Cities and their inhabitants are increasingly shaping West Africa's economic, political and social landscape. Yet there is little up-to-date data available for analysis and the formulation of development policy at the local, national and regional levels.
Africapolis, a comprehensive and homogenous dataset on urbanisation, is a significant step towards closing this data gap. The 2015 update covers 17 West African countries spanning the period 1950 to 2010. Its original methodology combines demographic sources, satellite and aerial imagery to provide population estimates and geolocation at the level of individual agglomerations. The morphological approach adopted by Africapolis helps identify territorial transformation processes which are at the core of West Africa's complex urbanisation dynamics and can be observed at several levels: metropolises, secondary cities, the merging of villages and the formation of conurbations.
The identification of cities with fewer than 100 000 inhabitants is a major contribution of Africapolis – 90% of West Africa's cities, or a combined population of 45 million people, fall into this category – a figure which underscores the important role of small cities within the urban system. This edition also includes new measurements of urbanisation in Nigeria, Africa's most populous nation, constituting the most complete dataset on urbanisation dynamics in this country to date.
The tourism industry in OECD countries continues to grow strongly despite economic weakness in advanced economies, and outperformed tourism globally in 2014. However, active, innovative and integrated policies are needed to ensure that tourism remains a competitive and sustainable sector, says OECD.
Tourism Trends and Policies, published biennially, analyses tourism performance and major policy trends, initiatives and reforms across 50 OECD countries and partner economies, providing up-to-date tourism data and analysis. The report is an international reference and benchmark on how effectively countries are supporting competitiveness, innovation and growth in tourism.
Tourism has successfully weathered the effects of the global economic crisis, and active tourism policies have played an essential role in supporting a competitive and sustainable tourism economy. The 2016 edition captures these ongoing trends - presenting standardised data covering domestic, inbound and outbound tourism, enterprises and employment, and internal tourism consumption - and reports on how seamless transport can enhance the tourism experience, as well as the opportunities, challenges and implications of the sharing economy for tourism.
We face the challenges of developing a global food system that will feed a growing and more affluent population while preserving sensitive ecosystems, competing for limited natural resources, increasing agricultural productivity growth while mitigating and adapting to climate change and other threats, and contributing to rural area well-being.
This report develops three contrasting scenarios to illustrate alternative futures, based on several global economic models and extensive discussions with relevant stakeholders, and outlines policy considerations to help ensure that future needs are met in an economically, environmentally and socially sustainable manner. The scenarios highlight the fundamental uncertainties surrounding forward-oriented decision making, and point to the crucial importance of international co-operation across multiple policy areas.
Urban, demographic and climate trends are increasingly exposing cities to risks of having too little, too much and too polluted water. Facing these challenges requires robust public policies and sound governance frameworks to co-ordinate across multiple scales, authorities, and policy domains. Building on a survey of 48 cities in OECD countries and emerging economies, the report analyses key factors affecting urban water governance, discusses trends in allocating roles and responsibilities across levels of government, and assesses multi-level governance gaps in urban water management. It provides a framework for mitigating territorial and institutional fragmentation and raising the profile of water in the broader sustainable development agenda, focusing in particular on the contribution of metropolitan governance, rural-urban partnerships and stakeholder engagement.


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Top Definition
same as "shove it (up your ass)"
"Yo man, stick it."
di kyohaku 06 agosto 2008
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
To successfully accomplish a special trick which requires some sort of physical skill or action; esp in skateboarding
Naw man, i could'nt stick it.
di Tiari 08 ottobre 2006
used in gymnastics for when an athlete completes a routine on any given apparatus and stays completely stationary when landing their final skill, usually only lightly bending the knees, never stepping in any direction.
Just as well she managed to stick it. Her routine depended on it
di XxMooxx 08 ottobre 2008
Mario: "they said they want your bike"
Emilio: "tell them to stick it"
Emilio: "tell them to stick it"
di DrDamani 20 agosto 2008
Similar to SIMA
Mohammed Alhumdililah tried to Stickit in me so then he pulled the trigger on Abel the pediatrician after and ate a Surafiel
di Yoyo the Don 07 dicembre 2011
A very hick-town place. A place where it would suck to live or even be.
Ew, why do you work in Newberg? It's totally the stickits!
di lovelyher 03 aprile 2011
To rave.
Stick is short for Glowstick.
Stick is short for Glowstick.
I like to 'stick it, 'stick it,
From London to L.A.
----Static Revenger & Richard Vission ft. LUCIANA 'I Like That'
From London to L.A.
----Static Revenger & Richard Vission ft. LUCIANA 'I Like That'
di Alll names are taken! 17 agosto 2011


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Visitors after birth
Comments (8)
Sorry you are overwhelmed!!
yeah...now you know for next time!
married to Walker: 6/21/08
homebirthing mama of
Althea Grace 8/2/10 and Iliana Fae 6/16/12
It's not too late to go topless and skin-to-skin! That was what I did to keep visitors short.
Mountain Momma
WorkerBoy 11/04, MountainPrincess 11/07, MountainBoy 4/11, MountainGirl 10/13, m/c 2/10
I'm only letting my closest family come by at first. I told my mom she can be there durring, I'm kinda wondering about that though. I'd just feel bad because DH's mom is going to be there as the photographer. But I have two Midwives, their assistant/doula, my husband, his mom, my mom, our dog & cats (of course). I feel like that might be to much. I mean 7 people & our animals.... I don't know lol.
Pantheist Pagan | Hippie | Juggalo
DH & I together for 5 years, married for 1.
TTC #1, 2nd Cycle | Planning a home birth
I understand how you are feeling thoughm I felt VERY overwhelmed when my husband was going back to.work.and remember sobbing my eyes out and begging him to take more leave but he wouldnt :(
Married to Bryan- May 28,2009
Mommy to Ethan, Elijah and Ezra.
Code name: Awesome Blossom
The other benefit ot going topless and skin-to-skin is that no one wanted to hold the baby and that prevented spreading germs around.
Mountain Momma
WorkerBoy 11/04, MountainPrincess 11/07, MountainBoy 4/11, MountainGirl 10/13, m/c 2/10


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This is a very nice place. We chose to stay in Glacier Canyon Lodge because of the full kitchen and the option of two bedrooms. We were also there one week before the summer season began, so the room rate was the same as the one-room Wilderness Hotel.
The rooms are very clean, large and beautiful. There were only three of (myself, husband, and 7-year-old boy) and we really had too much room!
The indoor waterparks are very nice. We also used the arcade, indoor playground and ate breakfast at The Wilderness Cafe. Our son enjoyed EVERYTHING! He had a blast and was always busy. The outdoor waterparks were not open yet, but they looked well-maintained.
My only complaint about the Wilderness Resort in general is the walking. If you stay in Glacier Canyon Lodge, expect to walk A LOT! They do offer a shuttle bus, but we never used it. By the end of our stay, we were driving to the waterparks - that's how tired we were!
Overall, though, it was a great time. We would definitely stay here again.
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Agoda and Priceline so you can book your Glacier Canyon Lodge reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Glacier Canyon Hotel Wisconsin Dells
- Glacier Canyon Wisconsin Dells


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This Clear Water Bay Table is a sleek and stylish member of the Clear Water Bay Seating Set for outdoor use. The base is sturdy aluminum, but the covering is a semi-transparent weave (in grey) that gives the table a see-through contemporary look. Don't let the see-through weave fool you though, this table has a durable construction that can withstand doubling as seating. You'll want a few to round out your customized seating environment. Water and UV resistant, this table can hold up on your patio, deck, or poolside. It won't be damaged by a few splashes! Enjoy creating your personalized seating arrangement, featuring this beautiful outdoor table.
See more details
Item # 201462
Create a circle of seating around this coffee table. There's no end to the imaginative ways you can configure the Clear Water Bay Seating Set – but no matter how you design it, this table is always part of the action. Purchase as a stand-alone, or as part of the Clear Water Bay Seating Set – in any configuration. Outer transparent weave is weather resistant and durable too. With the semi-transparent weave in grey, it looks great alone, or as part of a customized seating arrangement.
• Outdoor table
• Each Clear Water Bay piece sold separately
• Group together with any Clear Water Bay furniture piece
• Frame is sturdy aluminum
• Partially opaque grey outer weave can be seen through
• Cushions are dark grey
• Cushions made of antimicrobial foam
• UV and water resistant fabric on cushion
• Group with any combination of the arm chair, middle chair, corner chair, or ottoman
A product that is returned due to customer dissatisfaction or remorse must be returned within 30 days of purchase and receipt of goods in the original product packaging. Any return made not in the original packaging will not be accepted. Please contact Sharper Image Customer Service to receive Return Authorization @ 1-877-714-7444 or email at email@example.com
Customers are responsible for return shipping charges
Length: 29.90
Width: 29.90
Height: 12.60
Weight: 40.00 Lbs
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I'm in the last few stages of redoing my wordpress theme and I encountered some difficulty trying to redesign my archives page.
Instead of the classic excerpt archives I want to display a page that lists all of the titles for every single post I've made in a long list of links. I thought I'd do this by modifying the wordpress loop used for the main index but instead of posting the content just displaying the title and permalink.
Unfortunately this php code would be a deviation from any template file I have on hand. I created this file to be called archives.php with my template. Now my only problem. How do I create a page in my blog that will use this file?
I couldn't find any clues to how wordpress selects these php files to be displayed so I'm not sure how I would create a new page that uses a different format. Any help would be greatly appreciated.


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Beau Rivage Resort & Casino Biloxi
No prices found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this resort rated in the past?
- Suites
- Swimming pool
- Restaurant
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Room service
- Wheelchair accessibility
Photos of Beau Rivage Resort & Casino Biloxi
Travelers also looked at:
- More recommendations
Historical Traveler Reviews Beau Rivage Resort & Casino Biloxi
Beau Rivage Great
Beau Rivage 3 night vacation excellant as far as room, food, casino.Only criticism was inability to moderate temperature in room. a/c had to be turned off several times a day.
Great Hotel
Stayed at the Beau Rivage last week. Was such a beautiful hotel. Upgraded to a suite at the last moment and the room was wonderful. Very luxurious, maid service twice a day. The service was excellent. We ordered coffee to be delivered at 6:30am and it arrived at 6:26. It's hard to find service like that anymore. The buffet was huge. The food excellent . Played the slots in the casino and won a little not alot. Beaches were disappointing but you could stay in the hotel all weekend it's so beautiful. We loved this hotel.
Great Hotel
I just visited the Beau Rivage and was very impressed with the service and amenities offered. From the bell service to the waitstaff at the Brewery, everyone went out of their way to ensure we were taken care of. Plus, the room was very nice and clean. If I'm ever in the Biloxi area, I will definately stay at the Beau Rivage.
Beau rivage
Just returned from Biloxi where we stayed at the Beau Rivage. Beautiful hotel and accomodations. The staff was friendly and professional, food was outstanding, rooms were well above average. The casino was one of the tightest paying casino's we have ever seen and we have been to probably 90% of all in the USA
Stayed only one night on December 23, 2002. The hotel is clean and comfortable, with shower and tub in room. Numerous choices for dining. Our 12 year old especially enjoyed the arcade with an ice cream parlor just outside the arcade door. Security was visible in all locations which made us feel more comfortable with our 12 year old going back and forth to room. We enjoyed the trip so much, have booked 3 nights in Feburary.
Club Beau Rivage's Long Lines!!!
It is hard to believe that a Casino/Resort/MGM would have such poor service when it comes to their club's long lines and poor service, please hire more people to help!!!!
The Glory Days of The Beau Rivage is Gone!
Divorcing your high school sweetheart is comparable to the Steve Wynn era Beau Rivage and the MGM grind-shop Beau Rivage.
The Beau under Steve Wynn- was a masterpiece- details and customer satisfaction. MGM has micro-managed this casino into a place where the locals and high rollers now avoid. The dealers are rude, Comps are tight, the food is poor (way overpriced and the new york strips are terrible), dealers complain about broken blackjack shoes...and some how mysteriously there is a shortage of 10's in the blackjack games!!
You can't get a drink at the blackjack table very easily, and the slots are tighter than disco jeans- and if you do win- the payout is slow (they want you to pump the money back in the machines)
The dealers are miserable- the tips go down when good blackjack players can't win- if you are going to take out the 10's out of the shoe- please call it Spanish 21..thank you!
Please- Steve Wynn..we need you back for a new casino on the Gulf Coast- come back for your Encore!
Most on the Coast
The Beau Rivage is far and away the best hotel on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. The rooms are large, fresh and inviting, and the public areas are pleasing as well. Only the dining could be improved. While there are 12 restaurants, the food at the Coral ought to be better. Surely they could lure a 5 star chef here? handsome pool and great spa area too. Very large, though, at nearly 1800 rooms. Service is surprisingly friendly.
A impressive hotel in Biloxi
This is a very large hotel - Vegas style! We stayed for 2 nights. Even though checking in took a long time, it was worth it. The rooms are beautifully decortated - surprising considering how large the hotel is. We spent most of the day visiting Ship Island (definately worth a trip if you like unspoilt beaches, dolphins and enjoyable boat trips). In the evening we had dinner in one of the 11 hotel restaurants - the buffet is very large with many dishes - but the service and organisation leaves something to be desired. The hotel also has a beautiful marina. We had a very pleasant stay at the hotel and I definately recommend it as the best hotel in Biloxi.
Casino Players Club
I can't believe there is only ONE players club in the entire casino to handle the need of hundreds and hundreds of people in the casino. The lines just to ask a simply question wind around like the worse bank line you ever stood in.
Other casinos in Biloxi have several located in and around their casinos.
Can't believe a classy hotel like the Beau Rivage is so far behind in customer service
TripAdvisor Reviews Beau Rivage Resort & Casino Biloxi
Travel Blogs from Biloxi
Sep 24th and 25th - heading West
... and we'll all need an
early night after our midnight stop last night.
September 25th – day 144
Heading away from Florida today after
almost 3 weeks there was the end to a wonderful trip East and South.
Now the West part of our trip took us through Alabama to Mississippi.
While in Alablama we had some ribs from the Brick Pit. I was looking
for somewhere online that did good ribs in Mobile AL ...
The Good Wife
... wife. In fact, our daugthers have several times stated I should be a candidate for sainthood. Anyway, while traveling I often look for excursions that will interest Wendell. So last night I happened to run across something on the computer - a collector's car museum near the Navy Seabee Base where we would be staying. Wendell was already in bed, reading, so I went in and told him ...
On to Mississippi
... amp;L's home airport, we visited a hangar housing an English Electric Lightning in the process of being restored – a rare aircraft in the US.
Our last full day dawned with a record early morning low temperature – 63.50F (!) just perfect for the bike ride. Vernon had arranged for a visit to his office and workshops at the University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Marine Science which is on the NASA Stennis site – an extra ...
Epilogue: Reflections on an XC LNT Adventure
... They were reminders of what was possible back when we understood the value of preserving and exhibiting these wonders and set up our National Parks to do so, and what might still be possible going forward if we would only revive our collective willingness to have this sort of pride again. When we travel outside our own borders, it's so important to develop an understanding and respect for another nation's culture and societal norms, rather ...
Okay, One Last Unexpected Post
... and a peak into the past. I'm not going to even try to get the dates right, but Davis moved into the guest house after the war at the invitation of the owner who was his friend. After a while, he bought the property and moved into the big house. After his death his wife donated the property to be used as a veterans hospital and old soldiers home for retired confederate soldiers. A cemetery was added behind the gardens and there are over ...


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July/August 2014
Feature Stories
A Special Place Called 'Liberty Street'
Have you ever decided to do something that for most of your life you'd never have even dreamed... Read More »
Acadian Heritage | 'Nous Sommes Encore Ici'
In the northern reaches of Maine, the people of Madawaska celebrate their Acadian heritage with a festival that... Read More »
Cunningham Pond | Elizabeth's Gift
One of the prettiest little ponds in New Hampshire belongs to the people of Peterborough and their happy,... Read More »
In Heaven | Mary's Farm
A week at Mary's Farm could put you in another frame of mind. In this isolated place, the... Read More »
Lac-Mégantic Tragedy | The Town is Gone
In the early-morning hours of July 6, 2013, a train carrying more than 10,000 tons of crude oil... Read More »
Steeplejack Jay Southgate | The Big Question
We asked steeplejack Jay Southgate…What's the Point? Jay Southgate is the owner of Southgate Steeplejacks, headquartered on the... Read More »
The Cape Cod Canal Turns 100 | New England By the Numbers
1623 year Myles Standish proposed creating a canal separating Cape Cod from the Massachusetts mainland for safer, more... Read More »
The Southington Drive-In | Nostalgic Movie Fun
With only 20 drive-in theatres left in New England, Connecticut's Southington Drive-In is turning nostalgic movie fun into... Read More »
U.S. Coast Guard Academy | Swab Summer
Each summer a new class of Coast Guard recruits, known as "swabs," begin their education with a seven-week... Read More »
Blueberry & Nectarine Open-Face Tart
Creamy Coffee Ice Cream
Dawn's Beef Kebabs
Garlicky Cheese-Crusted Corn
Ginger Limeade
Grilling Tips | Queen of the Grill
On a northern Vermont farm, Dawn Boucher has perfected the art of grilling barnyard-to-table cheeses and meats. Here... Read More »
Ham-and-Cheese Stuffed Bread
Ice Cream | Recipe with a History
New England's four-season love affair with ice cream is part of a historic legacy. Hundreds of years after... Read More »
Perennial Pleasures Tearoom | Local Flavor
One of Vermont's best hidden gems is Perennial Pleasures, an English tea garden in the Northeast Kingdom. There's... Read More »
Summer Picnic Recipes | A Moveable Feast
Take advantage of the warm weather and cook up a menu of our favorite al fresco foods for... Read More »
Watermelon Salad with Mint & Feta
Home & Garden
Container Gardens | Flower Power
Patrick Shellman from Fantastic Umbrella Factory Garden shares his best tips for creating dazzling container gardens that are... Read More »
How to Create the Perfect Backyard Garden
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• Ethan J. Thompson, 19, 107 N. Adams, Herrick, was arrested on July 19 on charges of speeding, illegal consumption of alcohol, reckless driving and improper lane usage. Bond was $2,000.
• Tiffany R. Smart-Powell, 18, 1410 N. Seventh St., Vandalia, was arrested on July 18 for failure to appear in court. Bond was $5,000.
• Dillon S. Freeman, 21, RR 2, Vandalia, was arrested on July 18 for failure to appear in court. Bond was $1,500.
Tools for School distribution Aug. 10-13
Tools for School, a program that provides free school supplies to Fayette County in-need students, pre-kindergarten through junior college, will be in operation at First Presbyterian Church in Vandalia on the following dates:
• Wednesday, Aug. 10 – 9 a.m.-7 p.m.
• Thursday, Aug. 11 – 9 a.m.-7 p.m.
• Friday, Aug. 12 – 9 a.m.-3 p.m.
• Saturday, Aug. 13 – 9 a.m.-noon.
Vandalia residents are being reminded this week of some new guidelines for their trash pickup.
A Vandalia man is jailed on $350,000 bond after being arrested on child pornography charges.
Superintendent of Schools Rich Well delivered good news about state funding to the Vandalia Board of Education on Tuesday, but with a caveat that the news applies only to the new school year.
With state legislators and Gov. Bruce Rauner approving a stop-gap budget that included full education funding, Well said, "it looks like were going to be 100-percent funded.
"It will be the first time in six years that we will have 100 percent of an education budget," he said.
Recent fatal police shootings, and the dangers that the local officers face, were discussed twice during Monday's Vandalia City Council meeting.
Mayor Rick Gottman opened Monday's meeting by asking for a moment of silence for the Baton Rouge and Dallas police officers killed recently.
At the same time, Gottman offered the reminder that tragedies like those don't just happen in large cities.
"People think we're just a small town, but things like that could happen here," the mayor said.
Thursday, July 21
✔ The Vandalia Park District Board of Commissioners meets at 4:30 p.m. in the Lincoln Room at Evans Public Library.
✔ First National Bank in Vandalia, Ramsey, Patoka, Mulberry Grove and Greenville will hold a come-and-go retirement party for Ernie Chappel at the FNB Financial Center, 311 Banker Blvd. Appetizers will be served.
✔ CenterPointe Church, located at 1616 Veterans Ave. in Vandalia, is holding free Weekly Fit Club sessions at 6 p.m. every Thursday.
A Vandalia man who was charged in June with 17 counts of child pornography will serve up to 50 years in prison.
Manuel D. Prater, 62, pleaded guilty on Wednesday to five counts of Class X child pornography charges, and agreed to a 10-year sentence on each charge, with the five sentences being served consecutively.
Through the plea-bargaining agreement, the other 12 counts were dismissed.
He was given 26 days credit for time served in Fayette County Jail since his arrest.
Copyright © 2016
The Leader Union is your source for local news, sports, events and information in Vandalia, Il, and the surrounding area.


text: Hypoglycemic Part 1 By faubioca They guys upset a hypoglycemic due to their indeciveness about where to eat. Published May 22, 2007 365 views More Info » Full Credits faubioca Uploader Stats & Data 16 Funny Votes 7 Die Votes 365 Views Published: May 22, 2007 Categories: Sketch Keywords: Part 1 food hypo hypoglycemic hungry poops Quality Chaos Sams Wood Peyton Faubioca Up Next: What is Quality Chaos Medford? AUTOPLAY Up Next In: 10 What is Quality Chaos Medford? Dolphin Killer Part 1 Leaf Pile Bus PSA Follow Facebook Twitter Tumblr Instagram Browse Related Comments 6+ more View All ▶ faubioca Vaguely Related Videos Vaguely Related Pics & Words Advertisement Tags: Part 1 food hypo hypoglycemic hungry Advertisement


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Just wanted to show number of times a blog post has been read (irrespective of logged, not logged, admin, bot etc)
I tried so many plugins but none seems to work with WP 3 (fresh installation as Multisite directory in a subdirectory).
Either the counter does not increment or it shows nothing or shows error message.
Does any one know of any simple working plugin that simply shows number of hits per post below each post's body and/or teaser and works out of the box with WordPress 3 ?
Does WP 3 has this option in iteself hidden somewhere?


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I suspect that most people involved in the creation of programming languages like to think of themselves as (intelligent) designers. We have the Programming Language Design and Implementation conference, programming language designers, design documents, and so on.
Yet, despite all this, programming languages look more like the products of evolution than of intelligent design. We can organize programming languages into families and trace the origins and gradual evolution of every programming language feature. Given any two programming languages, there are quite likely more similarities than differences.
Of course, this should surprise no-one. For a new language to catch on, even in a modest way, it has to leverage the familiarity its potential users have with existing languages and make sure that any new features are few, powerful and easy to learn.
On the other hand, new languages are not simply extended versions of Fortran. New programming languages also evolve by deleting features from their predecessors. Niklaus Wirth (Pascal, Modula, Oberon, etc.) famously remarked that the designer of a new programming language should spend more time deciding on what to leave out than on what to put in.
Yet, every feature found in a programming language got there because it enabled a scenario important enough to warrant the significant expenditure of effort needed to put the feature in the language. Sometimes the scenario goes away as time goes by and the language feature can quietly be dropped without anyone shedding any tears. Or, more usually, the scenario becomes relatively unimportant and the people who care about it simply stick with the old languages.
If things go really well, the new language introduces an abstraction that generalizes a number of (predecessor) features that can then be dropped from the language because they are special cases of the new feature. Well, this seems like it ought to be true, but right now I'm hard pressed to come up with a good example of this actually happening in a successful programming language. (If a reader has such an example, I'd love to see it.)
At any rate, it is interesting to take a hard look at the features we all know (and love?) in our current successful programming languages and speculate about which of these features might not (or should not) be retained in successful new programming languages.


text: Country Inn & Suites WEBSITE ADD TO Trip Planner In-room cable television, hair dryer, iron, ironing board, microwave, refrigerator, coffee maker, free high speed Internet; free local calls, continental breakfast. Indoor heated pool, Jacuzzi, fitness room, business center Get Directions Gas Calculator The pet-friendly icon means that any portion or all of the listing accepts pets. Please check with each individual property for rules and regulations. The handicapped accessible icon notates listings that are either partially or fully accessible. Please check with the property or properties you're interested in for specific information. Details Website: http://www.countryinns.com Phone: 870-881-0455 Toll Free: 800-456-4000 Email: email@example.com Fax: 870-881-9905 Address: 2413 West HillsboroEl Dorado, AR 70713 Facilities & Features: Lodging Sleeping Capacity: 71 Things to Do In El Dorado EXPLORE


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Buggy car on road
Credit: Carmen Martínez Torrón
Creative #: 151557398
Licence type: Royalty-freeRoyalty-free pricing is based solely on the size of the product you need, not the specific use. You don't have to pay any additional royalties on a use-by-use basis. Once you license a royalty-free product, you may use it multiple times for multiple projects without paying additional fees. (Pornographic, defamatory, libellous or otherwise unlawful use of any image is, of course, prohibited.)
Collection: Moment Open
Release info: No release required
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Buggy Car On Road Stock PhotoBahia State,Brazil,Car,Colour Image,Day,Desert,Dirt Track,Human Body Part,Human Hand,Land Vehicle,Motion,One Person,Outdoors,Part Of,People,Photography,Salvador,Sand,Sky,Speed,Track - Imprint,Transportation,Vertical,Wing MirrorPhotographer Carmen Martínez TorrónCollection: Moment Open superkarmen copyrightClose-up of buggy car in Mangue Seco´s desert, Bahia, Brazil.


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Windfallen (Paperback)
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From the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Me Before You(now a major motion picture)comes a breathtaking drama of two women whose lives entwine through a lovely English seaside house
For Lottie Swift, Arcadia has always been magical. The breathtaking art deco house perched above the shoreline of the well-ordered village of Merham seems to stand still throughout the years. It has never changed, not really, but Lottie's fate and fortune have been inextricably linked with those of the beautiful house, and it will forever be fixed in her mind as a symbol of adventure, youth, and loves lost and gained. Even as her life and the house falls into disrepair.
Years later another young woman comes to Merham. A designer hired to make over the now-empty Arcadia, Daisy Parsons seeks a new beginning, as Lottie once did. Fleeing a broken relationship and now facing being a single mother, Daisy finds refuge in the house, and something more a love she thought she would never know again and a friendship unlike any she's experienced before.
About the Author
Jojo Moyes is a British novelist and journalist. She is one of only a few authors to have twice won the Romantic Novel of the Year Award by the Romantic Novelists' Association and has been translated into eleven different languages.


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Allergies Health Center
News and Features Related to Allergies
Want Babies Without Allergies? Try This
By Barbara Bronson Gray HealthDay Reporter MONDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- A new Swedish study suggests that parents who want to protect their infants from developing allergies should try a simple approach to introducing their children to the wide world of microbes: Just pop their pacifiers into tRead Full Article
Food, Skin Allergies on the Rise Among Children
By Steven Reinberg HealthDay Reporter THURSDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- The number of American children who suffer from food and skin allergies has increased dramatically in recent years, a new government report shows. Interestingly, the prevalence of food and respiratory allergies rose with incomRead Full Article
Allergies: As American as Apple Pie?
By Robert Preidt HealthDay Reporter MONDAY, April 29 (HealthDay News) -- Children living in the United States who were born elsewhere are less likely to have allergies than those born in the United States, a new study shows. However, the risk of certain allergies among foreign-born children increaseRead Full Article
Oral Allergy Treatment May Ease Asthma, Hay Fever
By Amy Norton HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, March 26 (HealthDay News) -- Spring is here, and so are seasonal allergies. For the millions who suffer from hay fever or asthma in the United States, a new under-the-tongue treatment may hold promise. Pills and drops designed to desensitize the immune systeRead Full Article
Skies Not-So-Friendly for Passengers With Nut Allergies
By Robert Preidt HealthDay Reporter FRIDAY, March 15 (HealthDay News) -- For most passengers, airline travel is safer than ever these days. But for people with peanut or tree-nut allergies, a routine flight can end in disaster. Many airlines still serve peanuts and tree nuts, or snacks and meals thaRead Full Article
Shifting Temps May Prime You for Spring Allergies
March 5, 2013 -- Spring allergy season is again off to an early start in many parts of the country, and doctors say there are some signs it may be even more miserable than usual this year. Last year was the fourth warmest winter on record, with consistently mild temperatures. That led to record-breaRead Full Article
Tattoos Can Pose Health Hazards, Doctor Warns
By Robert Preidt HealthDay Reporter FRIDAY, March 1 (HealthDay News) -- Tattoos have become increasingly popular in the United States in recent years, but along with that comes a rise in problems such as allergic reactions and infections, an expert says. More than one-third of Americans aged 18 to 2Read Full Article
Asthma Drug Takes the Itch Out of Chronic Hives
Feb. 25, 2013 (San Antonio, Texas) -- The asthma drug Xolair appears to be a safe and effective treatment for chronic hives, a new study shows. The results of the study were presented at a news conference here at the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) meeting. The results wereRead Full Article
Acupuncture May Help Ease Hay Fever
By Amy Norton HealthDay Reporter MONDAY, Feb. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Hay fever sufferers may find some relief with acupuncture, a new study suggests, though the therapy's appeal in the "real world" is yet to be seen. The study, of 422 people with grass and pollen allergies, found that those randomlyRead Full Article
Kids With Food Allergies Targets for Bullies
Dec. 24, 2012 -- Colorado Springs high school junior Morgan Smith can't remember a time when he didn't have life-threatening food allergies. The 16-year-old had his first reaction to peanut butter at 9 months of age when he broke out in hives after touching his sister's PBJ sandwich. He had his firsRead Full Article
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Cc4rE I am a Software Engineer , Non-Artistic developer , currently working as a Member of the Technical Team at an International Organization . I love coding ,as a programmer . My interest is to contribute more to the Open source development , I use Linux and Windows for my development.I works frequently on Java , js , GCC and Dot-net , as an Independent developer i have worked on many languages , Created applications on RAD and Low level driver interfacing . You can connect me anytime for any doubts and queries related to Programming.
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I get "Can't find Language DLL msain900.dll" in an alert box when I try to run access (both when opening an existing database and when just running it) and in any mode (regular and safe mode).
Is there a way to prevent this DLL from being required?
Update: I got a copy of
msain900.dll from a co-worker and I put it in both
System32 and in
Office12; neither helped. (FYI: You can't use
regsvr32 on this DLL; it's not a system file.)


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Why I love Sonoma: I grew up taking summer trips to Bodega Bay, passing through much of Sonoma County without a closer look. But after college at Sonoma State University, it seems I can't stay away from the stunning views and welcoming people.
Favorite memory: For a very special first date a few years ago, I was told we were taking a walk. Instead, we drove 30 minutes, then strolled arou nd the plaza and down the main street. It was near midnight, and a beautiful look at the town.


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The instantaneous coefficient of variation (ICOV) edge detector, based on normalized gradient and Laplacian operators, has been proposed for edge detection in ultrasound images. In this paper, the edge detection and localization performance of the ICOV-squared (ICOVS) detector are examined. First, a simplified version of the ICOVS detector, the normalized gradient magnitude squared, is scrutinized in order to reveal the statistical performance of edge detection and localization in speckled ultrasound imagery. Both the probability of detection and the probability of false alarm are evaluated for the detector. Edge localization is characterized by the position of the peak and the 3-dB width of the detector response. Then, the speckle-edge response of the ICOVS as applied to a realistic edge model is studied. Through theoretical analysis, we reveal the compensatory effects of the normalized Laplacian operator in the ICOV edge detector for edge-localization error. An ICOV-based edge-detection algorithm is implemented in which the ICOV detector is embedded in a diffusion coefficient in an anisotropic diffusion process. Experiments with real ultrasound images have shown that the proposed algorithm is effective in extracting edges in the presence of speckle. Quantitatively, the ICOVS provides a lower localization error, and qualitatively, a dramatic improvement in edge-detection performance over an existing edge-detection method for speckled imagery.
A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity.© Copyright 2016 IEEE - All rights reserved. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions.


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For a set of acoustic guitar strings that are a perfect balance of tone, comfort and staying power, many musicians agree that GHS is in a class of their own. In fact, GHS has been the go-to choice of many professional recording artists since 1964, including Jack White of The White Stripes, Stevie Ray Vaughn, Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine and John Mellancamp. The simple truth is that when you equip your acoustic guitar with strings from GHS, you're going with a company that takes your musical aspirations seriously. Throughout this section you'll find string options for both 6- and 12-string acoustics, nylon strings for classical guitars and even sets for acoustic-electrics. Of course, the guitar you play - as well as your playing style - will decide which string set is the right match for you. For example, lighter strings are easy on the hands and ideal for those who like to play fast, and the WBL White Bronze Light Acoustic-Electric Guitar strings are one of GHS's best sellers. Featuring a non-tarnishing material for an extra-brilliant sound and a long tone life, these strings are ideal for acoustic-electric applications. Now for those who want to play with plenty of sustain and volume, your best bet is to go with a thicker gauge like the Contact Core Bright Bronze Medium Acoustic Guitar Strings. Featuring a specially tempered 80/20 copper-zinc alloy cover wire with a distinct contract core design, these strings are long-lasting and resonate incredibly well. Or maybe you're looking for a 12-string pack - in which case, check out the Bajo Sexto 12-string Phosphor Bronze Acoustic Guitar Strings. Boasting a warm and smooth tone, these strings are round wound and designed to provide recording musicians with outstanding results in the studio. When you get right down it, acoustic guitar strings should always be chosen wisely to ensure you get the most out of your performance. With that in mind, you can always count on GHS for a set that highlights your strongest playing traits - so go ahead and take your pick.
Our product catalog varies by country due to manufacturer restrictions. If you change the Ship-To country, some or all of the items in your cart may not ship to the new destination.


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Shower Screens Installers in VIC: South Coast
Use StartLocal® to find the most popular shower screens installers in VIC: South Coast.
Use StartLocal® to find the most popular shower screens installers in VIC: South Coast.
Po Box 3126, Mornington, VIC, 3931
2/ 8 Thamer St, Rosebud, VIC, 3939
8 Ronald St, Tootgarook, VIC, 3941
Factory 1 15 Henry Wilson Dr, Rosebud, VIC, 3939
Gravel Pitts Rd, Geelong, VIC, 3220
By Appointment, Grovedale, VIC, 3216
Geelong Security Doors and Shower Screens offer a wide range of custom made products like shower screens, security doors, flyscreens and wardrobe doors in a variety of finishes and colours which suit your individual needs and budget. We are a local family owned business with 20 years of experience in all aspects of manufacture & fitting so you can rest assured that all our products and services are of the highest quality. Contact us for security systems throughout Geelong.more
38 Murradoc Rd, Drysdale, VIC, 3222
2 Gregory Ave, Newtown, VIC, 3351
Po Box 7171, Geelong West, VIC, 3218
2 Gregory Ave, Newtown, VIC, 3220
Shop 1 84 Shannon Ave, Geelong West, VIC, 3218
116 Fyans St, South Geelong, VIC, 3220
By Appointment, East Geelong, VIC, 3219
Discover why Geelong Splashbacks has Supplied and Installed over 2800+ Coloured Glass Splashbacks to your Homes & Business's for 7 Years now. Geelong Splashbacks is unique by offering a ' Mobile Showroom ' that comes to you packed with over 100+ coloured glass samples & 10 000's of colour chips to match any interior. Geelong Splashbacks is a Locally owned & operated business specialising in all aspects of : GLASS SPLASHBACKS for your Kitchen, Bathroom & Laundry. SHOWER SCREENS - Semi-Frameless & Frameless to suit all Bathroom requirements. Our motto: "We may not be the cheapest, we are definitely not the most expensive, however what we do we do great and that is what separates us from the rest." Owner operator of Geelong Splashbacks, Christopher Kopec, has 19 years experience in the building industry. This experience reflects in his passion and vast extensive knowledge of both, the most recent and historical residential and commercial designs and trends. During the 19 years, Christopher's extensive portfolio involves all aspects of: - Residential & Commercial Window Manufacturing, Installation & Glazing - Shower Screen Manufacturing, Installation & Glazing - Security Door & Wardrobe Manufacturing & Installation - Bathroom Design & Renovation - Kitchen Design & Renovation - Glass Splashback Design, Manufacturing & Installation. - Graphic Design for graphXglassTM Experience & passion aside though equally important, Christopher continuously keeps up-to-date with the most recent Requirements, Standards & Regulations issued by the Building Code of Australia ( BCA ). This ensures all Products & Services from Geelong Splashbacks are Legally Compliant. With Knowledge & Compliance of the Building Code of Australia (BCA) and almost two decades of experience & passion, you can be confident Geelong Splashbacks has the professionalism, expertise & skills to successfully complete your home. Geelong Splashbacks will complete your home at competitive rates. Please visit our Website listed on this Web Page for Full Details & Images. -Christopher Kopec.more
6 Corio Quay Rd, North Geelong, VIC, 3215


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Just Released!
Danielle Devon delivers the first installment of a near-future adventure as John and the others struggle to survive in a post-pandemic world. The secrets they keep could be humanity's salvation…or it's ultimate demise.
Death Follows: Exile
Ten years after the sickness turned dead men into living corpses, John Marshall found himself exiled from Haven. Beyond the walls of the sanctuary, John and the others struggle to survive in a world gone mad with hunger. But it's not just the dead who hunt them, now Haven wants the girl. Can John and the others hold on to their humanity long enough to protect her, or will death continue to follow?