text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 27, 1993
|Filing date
|Aug 28, 1990
|Priority date
|Aug 28, 1990
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Nicholas P. Hannon, Albert Tarolli, Paul L. Wiltgen
|Original Assignee
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (38), Classifications (10), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to computer logic system testing and, more particularly, to the testing of path delays through a functional organization of logic utilized in, for example, large, complex digital computer systems implemented with high density, large scale integrated circuits. The invention facilitates the analysis of dynamic clock system performance in large, complex digital computer systems.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Propagation delay in large scale computing systems has been, from the beginning, a factor in the performance of those systems. Therefore, it has been routine to test the delay paths between modules of a computing system in order to adjust and fine tune the system for optimum performance. Such measurements were relatively easy to perform when the components of the system were discrete and test pads could be designed into the circuitry. For example, accessible paths could be timed physically using oscilloscopes and probes. However, the capacitance from the probes adversely affects the delays being measured, thereby producing significant error in the measurements themselves. As the cycle times of these large systems decrease, the adverse effects of these probes continue to grow.
With the advent of large scale circuit integration, the problem of measuring path delays has become increasingly difficult. In current technology, timing of these paths using measurement probes is virtually impossible, given the density of the logic and the extremely limited physical access to probing points. This will only become more difficult as chip and component densities increase. Performing this task with an oscilloscope and probes is no longer feasible.
Another prior art method for finding path delay is with specially written software which estimates the delays of the circuits in a given logic path. This method has a significant drawback since it is only an estimation of the delay. For instance, the delays used by the program may have been incorrectly coded or the hardware built may not actually reflect the delay values used by the program.
Hand calculations are also used to find the delay of logic paths. This method is also susceptible to error since there may exist little or no correlation between the mathematical equations used in the calculations and the physical delays of the actual hardware.
Each of these prior art measurement techniques introduces some degree of inaccuracy and lack of confidence in the results. The prior art methods are also very time consuming.
An early solution to the problem of measuring the propagation delay of a functional logic system was provided by E. B. Eichelberger in U.S. Pat. No. 3,784,907. The logical units testable according to the Eichelberger method employ clocked d.c. latches for all internal storage circuitry in the arithmetic/logical units (ALUs) of the computing system. This latch circuitry is partitioned along with associated combinatorial logic networks and arranged in sets. The plural clock trains are synchronous but non-overlapping and independent. The storage circuitry has the capability for performing scan-in/scan-out operations independently of the system input/output controls. Using this scan capability, the Eichelberger method provides for the state of the storage circuitry to be preconditioned and independent of its prior history. Selected propagation paths through the system circuitry are sensitized by test patterns from an automatic test generator. By altering selected inputs and cycling controls applied to the networks of combinatorial logic and their respective associated storage circuitry, propagation delay indications through selected paths are obtained to determine the status of these path delays through the logic system.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,063,080 to Eichelberger et al. teaches an organization of logic and arrays which is oriented towards testing of propagation delays. This organization employs clocked d.c. latches for all internal circuitry in the arithmetic, logical and control units of a computing system. The latch circuitry is partitioned along with associated combinatorial logic networks and arrays and arranged in sets. The sets of latch circuitry are coupled through combinatorial logic and arrays to other sets of latches that are controlled by system clock trains. Additional circuitry allows for all latches to become shift register latches and, by external control, to be connected into one or more shift registers. These shift registers are activated by clocks independent of the system clocks and, when the system clocks are deactivated, all sets of latches are isolated from each other. The effect of this isolation, coupled with the scan-in/scan-out capability is to reduce all sequential circuitry arrays fed by and, in turn, feeding combinatorial circuitry for purposes of measuring propagation delays through selected paths.
In addition to measuring propagation delay in large scale computing systems, a significant amount of time is spent analyzing the performance of the clock distribution system since it directly impacts the performance of a machine. The reason for this is that the performance of clocking systems in large scale systems directly impacts the overall performance of those systems since clock skew subtracts from the actual cycle time of a machine. For example, a machine theoretically running at a cycle time of seventeen nanoseconds actually has less than seventeen nanoseconds for register-to-register transfers. In fact, it can be considerably less than seventeen nanoseconds for several reasons, one of which is system clock skew. Clock skew is defined as the relative difference between any two different clock edges. The clock edges being compared could be from trigger clocks and latch clocks (in an LSSD environment), trigger clocks and array clocks, or the like.
In the past, clock system analysis consisted of clock delay measurements and comparisons which were extremely time consuming. An oscilloscope and associated measurement equipment were necessary to obtain the empirical results. By its very nature, this analysis was constrained by physical access to various points of interest in the clocking structure. Moreover, the loading effect of the oscilloscope probes on the physical access points contributed a relatively unknown amount of capacitance to the clock network making the resultant measurements less accurate. Additional assumptions were required to account for the loading introduced by the external measurement equipment.
As a practical matter, there often are hundreds of measurement points and it is impractical, due to constraints of time, to make measurements at all measurement points provided in the system. Therefore, a procedure has developed where measurements are done on a sample of the hardware, and conclusions regarding the overall clock system performance across all systems and modules are made based on this sample.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a way to quickly and accurately find the delay for any logic or clock path in a computer system.
It is another object of the invention to provide a way to dynamically measure clock system performance without the need for external measurement equipment and the physical availability of probe points.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a measurement technique which is readily automated so that actual delays in logic or clock paths and relative delays between logic paths may be accurately and quickly determined.
According to the invention, there is provided a method of performing timing analysis using self-timing logic paths employing LSSD (Level Sensitive Scan Delay) logic pairs. LSSD logic pairs comprise a latch followed by a trigger, data being scanned in or out of the logic pair by an A and a B clock applied to the latch and the trigger, respectively. The system clocks include cycling latch and trigger clocks. Such LSSD logic is well understood by those skilled in the art as evidenced by the above mentioned patents to Eichelberger and Eichelberger et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 4,692,633 to Ngai et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,580,137 to Fiedler et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 3,761,695 to Eichelberger.
The method according to the invention includes initializing the logic pair at the input end at opposite states and the latch at the output end to be of opposite state to the latch at the input end. Using the scan clocks available in LSSD latch designs, but in a modified sequence according to the invention, a set bit is scanned to the input of the sending trigger at the start of the path to be measured. The scan clocks are then gated off and, at this point, a complete cycle of the system clocks at a given cycle time is sent to the logic and the input and output LSSD pairs. The first system latch clock is inhibited at the input latch, allowing the system trigger clock to be first. This launches the set bit which then propagates through the logic path to the latch of the output LSSD pair. The system trigger clock is next inhibited after what would have been the second latch clock. This insures that the set bit is captured by the output latch if it propagates through the logic path during the given cycle time. The scan clocks are used once more to scan-out the data from the receiving latch. The output of the receiving trigger is compared with an expected output to detect if the set bit was received by the output latch. If the set bit is received at the output latch, the cycle time of the system clocks is reduced step by step, repeating the above steps until the set bit no longer reaches the output latch. At this point, the delay is determined to be equal to the minimum cycle time of the system clocks that still allow the set bit to propagate through the logic path and be latched by the output latch.
This technique provides a measurement of the delay between any two points. The technique is also applied to measure the relative delay between points in the system to provide a measure, for example, of clock skew. By measuring the delays between a common clock distribution point and each of a plurality of receiving points and computing the differences between these delays, the skew between these points is easily determined.
The method of performing system timing analysis using self-timing logic paths according to the invention permits any path in the machine to be easily timed whether "probe points" are available or not, and with no need for long delay equations. Accuracy is also increased significantly since the machine is measuring its own physical hardware performance, not a statistical approximation. This is very important since the performance of hardware on separate machines can be substantially different. Therefore, the invention allows for the first time a machine to time logic and clock paths within itself.
The foregoing and other objects, aspects and advantages will be better understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a generalized block diagram of a computer system showing the arrangement of LSSD logic pairs used to measure propagation delay through a path in the system;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram for the circuitry that generates the A and B clocks for the latch and trigger circuits in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a logic diagram for the circuitry that generates the L and T clocks for the latch and trigger circuits in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram illustrating the A clock and B clock of scan-in data;
FIG. 5 is a timing diagram illustrating the cycling of system clocks;
FIG. 6 is a timing diagram illustrating the A clock and B clock of scan-out data;
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the logic for the timing analysis process according to the invention;
FIG. 8 is a timing diagram illustrating clock skew in a large system;
FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram illustrating a clock distribution system; and
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating the application of the present invention to the analysis of a clock distribution.
Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 1, there is shown a block diagram that illustrates the principles of operation of the present invention. The combinatorial logic which defines a logic path to be measured is generally indicated at 10. At the input of the path are a first LSSD logic pair comprising a latch 12 and a trigger 14. At the output of the path are a second LSSD logic pair comprising a latch 16 and a trigger 18. Data is input to latch 12 at input terminal 11 and is output at terminal 22 from trigger 18. Each of latches 12 and 16 are supplied with an A clock and a latch clock (L), while each of triggers 14 and 18 are supplied with a B clock and a trigger clock (T). The A and B clocks for the latches 12 and 16 and the triggers 14 and 18, respectively, are for scanning the data in and out. The scan-in data A and B clocks sequence is illustrated in FIG. 4, the system latch and trigger clocks sequence is illustrated in FIG. 5, and the scan-out A and B clocks sequence is illustrated in FIG. 6.
The length of time through a logic path, or delay, that is of interest in FIG. 1 is from point 24 to point 26. This is the time it takes a data bit to pass through trigger 14, the combinatorial logic 10, and the receiving latch 16. Using the scan clocks available in LSSD latch designs, but in a sequence modified by this invention, a set bit, S, is scanned to the input of the sending trigger, 14, at the start of the path to be measured. This is accomplished by inhibiting the last B clock, as shown in FIG. 4, to force the set bit, S, to the input of the trigger point 24. The set bit, S, is the last bit to be scanned in its LSSD scan ring. This sequence of cycling the scan clocks is unique to this invention and allows for the "arming" of trigger 14. These clocks are then turned off. At this point, a complete cycle of the system clocks (also with a unique sequence), at a given cycle time Tc, is then sent to the logic, as illustrated in FIG. 5. This allows the propagation of the set bit from the trigger point 24 to the latch 16 at the end of the path at point 26. This sequence of cycling the system clocks is unique since the first latch pulse and the last trigger pulse are gated off, as indicated by the dotted lines in FIG. 5, to insure that the set bit is correctly propagated through the logic 10 after being launched by the trigger 14.
The unique sequence of scan clocks, as shown in FIG. 6, are used once more to "scan out" the data from the receiving latch. The clocks begin with the B-clock to insure the data is scanned out of the latch 16 without being modified by the A clock. The data bit found in the latch is then compared with the expected value. If the bit found in the latch 16 matches the expected value as determined by the compare logic 20, the path length is less than or equal to the cycle time of the system clocks, Tc The cycle time is then decreased by a predetermined amount, and the entire process is repeated until the data bit found in the receiving latch 16 no longer matches the expected value. This is accomplished by controlling the scan and system clocks 30 with the output of the compare 20 logic when bits scanned out on line 22 match. When bits no longer match, the actual path delay is known. The delay is simply equal to the cycle time used in the previous iteration. In other words, the delay through the path is equal to the minimum cycle time of the system clocks that still allowed the set bit to propagate through the path and be latched by the receiving latch 16.
The logic circuitry shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is for the purpose of altering the normal A/B and Latch/Trigger clock sequences, respectively, to generate the unique clock signal sequences shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. With reference first to FIG. 2, the logic comprises three set/reset latches 45, 60 and 70 and a sequencer 75. The sequencer 75 may be implemented, for example, by a two stage binary counter driven by the system clock providing counts from zero to three, referred to as Scan Sequence 0 to Scan Sequence 3. The scan clock A is generated by Scan Sequence 1. The scan clock B is generated by Scan Sequence 3. Since scan operations are typically slower than system cycles, their clock rate or frequency is also slower. In the case being described, it is equal to one fourth the normal system clock rate; hence, a four bit sequencer.
The normal sequence for A/B clocks is an A/B pair, but in the self-timing sequence according to the invention, this sequence is modified. The self-timing mode on line 31 is initially inactive, resetting latches 60 and 70 (i.e., the Q output is "0", and the Q output is "1") via inverter 54. This allows normal clock sequences to occur. To time a path, the self-timing mode on line 31 is activated and scan operation control on line 76 is activated, causing sequencer 75 to start sequencing. The self-timing mode control on line 31 is activated under either manual or software control. When active in the logical "1" state, it signifies that the self-timing mode function is active. The scan operation control on line 76 is activated under either manual or software control. When active in the logical "1" state, it signifies that the LSSD latch/trigger pairs are in scan mode.
When the set bit, S, at terminal 11 reaches latch 12 in FIG. 1, last bit on line 32 goes active conditioning AND gate 40. In LSSD designs, each latch/trigger pair represents one scan bit in a given scan ring. A counter 41 in FIG. 2 is loaded with the number of bits to be scanned, and the A/B clock sequence is activated until the counter reaches a count of "1" (assuming a count-down counter). A count of "1" activates the last bit on line 32. If, for example, the set bit, S, at terminal 11 is bit position "30" in a ring of 100 bits, the counter would be loaded with a count of "30". Upon decrementing to a count of "1", the set bit, S, would be at latch 12, and the last bit on line 32 would go active.
On Scan Sequence 2 from sequencer 75, latch 45 is set causing the Q output on line 46 to go to "0" thereby inhibiting an output from AND gate 47 and inhibiting Scan Sequence 3 from activating the B clock on line 48. This is shown in FIG. 4 by the dashed line for the B clock. Scan operation control on line 76 is then deactivated. Thus, at this point latch 12 in FIG. 1 has the desired value to be propagated when the system (Trigger/Latch) clocks are activated.
The normal sequence for system clocks is latch followed by trigger clock. What is required for self-timing is a trigger followed by a latch clock, and this is produced by the logic shown in FIG. 3. This logic comprises a two stage sequencer which may be implemented with a single binary counter stage driven by the system clock. A similar notation is used as with sequencer 75 so that the two outputs of the sequencer 100 are referred to as Sequence 0 and Sequence 1.
With self-timing mode 31 still active, stop clock on line 101 is deactivated for two system clock cycles. The stop clock control on line 101 is controlled under either manual or software control. When active in the logical "1" state, it inhibits the system latch/trigger clocks from being generated. When in the logical "0" state, or inactive, system latch/trigger clocks are generated.
Sequence 0 on line 102 out of sequencer 100 is provided as one input to NAND gate 91 with self-timing mode on line 31 as the other input. This produces a "0" output from NAND gate 91 inhibiting AND gate 93 so that the system oscillator signal on line 95 from variable frequency oscillator (VFO) 90 does not generate a latch clock, L, on line 96. This is shown in FIG. 5 by a dashed line for the first latch clock. However, Sequence 1 from sequencer 100 is inactive so that the output of NAND gate 92 is a "1" thus allowing the system oscillator signal on line 95 to pass AND gate 94 and generate a trigger clock, T, on line 97.
At the end of the first system clock cycle, sequencer 100 advances, and Sequence 0 goes inactive and Sequence 1 goes active. In the second system clock cycle, a latch clock, L, will be generated on line 96 since NAND gate 91 now produces a "1" output by virtue of input Sequence 0 being inactive. However, Sequence 1 being active causes NAND gate 92 to produce a "0" output, since self-timing mode on line 31 is still active, thereby inhibiting the generation of the trigger clock, T, on line 97. This is shown in FIG. 5 by a dashed line for the second trigger clock. At the end of the second cycle, stop clock 101 goes active thus stopping the sequence.
These two sequences have allowed the set bit, S, at terminal 11 to be propagated from the input to trigger block 14, by the trigger clock, T, on line 97, to latch 16 and latched, by latch clock, L, on line 96. The scan out sequence to determine if the set bit, S, arrived at latch 16 also requires a special sequence of scan clocks A/B and reference is again made to FIG. 2. Scan operation control on line 76 is again activated. Latch 45 is still set from the scan-in operation thus conditioning AND gate 50. With sequencer 75 output Sequence 0 active and first bit on line 51 active, the output of AND gate 50 sets latch 60. The first bit line 51 is activated when the first bit of a scan ring is being scanned. This can be activated by counter 41 in FIG. 2, indicating the first scan cycle.
The Q output from latch 60 on line 61 inhibits AND gate 65 thereby inhibiting the Sequence 1 output from sequencer 75 from generating the A clock for only this cycle. This is shown in FIG. 6 by the dashed line for the first A clock. When Sequence 1 from sequencer 75 goes active in this first cycle, latch 45 is reset such that its Q output on line 46 is "1". This conditions AND gate 47 thus allowing the B clock (Sequence 3) to be generated. When Sequence 2 from sequencer 75 goes active (still in the first cycle), the output of OR gate 55 resets latch 60, allowing normal A clock sequences in succeeding scan cycles. The resetting of latch 60 activates its Q output which conditions AND gate 71. When Sequence 1 from sequencer 75 goes active in the second scan cycle, latch 70 is set. The Q output on line 72 then inhibits AND gate 40 thus insuring that the remaining scan cycles to scan out the set bit operate in normal scan clock sequences. Latch 70 is reset when self-timing mode 31 is deactivated.
The process may be implemented in software or firmware as well as the logic shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The flow chart shown in FIG. 7 illustrates the logic of both the hardware and software implementations and, in the case of a software implementation, suitable source code can be written by a programmer skilled in the art based on this flow chart. With reference to FIG. 7, the process starts by stopping all system clocks in function block 106. This is the stop clock signal shown in FIG. 4. The initial cycle time, Tc, is set in function block 107. This is done, for example, by setting the frequency of the variable frequency oscillator 90 which is used as the system clock. Next, the launch and receive latches 12 and 16 are initialized in function block 108. The self-timing mode is enabled in function block 109 before starting the A/B clocks in function block 110. In the hardware implementation, the A/B clocks are started with the scan operation control on line 76 in FIG. 2. With the starting of the A/B clocks, the set bit, S, is scanned in on latch 12, as indicated by function block 111. At this point, the A/B clocks are stopped in function block 112 and, in function block 113, the stop clock is deactivated allowing the system clocks to run for two cycles. This produces the trigger clock T followed by the latch clock L shown in FIG. 5. The A/B clocks are restarted in function block 114 to produce the clock pattern shown in FIG. 6 and scan out latch 16, as indicated by function block 115. The A/B clocks are again stopped in function block 116, and then the self-timing mode is disabled in function block 117. A test is next made in decision block 118 to determine if the expected output is equal to the actual output from latch 16. If so, the cycle time is decremented by one interval in function block 119, and the process loops back to function block 108 to repeat the process. The size of the interval by which the cycle time is decremented determines the precision of the measurement and can be adjusted accordingly. If on the other hand the expected output is not equal to the actual output from latch 16, then the cycle time is incremented by one VFO interval and the path delay is set equal to the cycle time in function block 120 before the process ends.
By measuring the delays from a common originating point to several receiving points and then taking the differences to calculate relative delays at each of the several receiving points, the invention can be applied to the analysis of the clock distribution system in a large, complex computer system. In past and present large systems, clock skews were measured with the aid of an oscilloscope and probes. FIG. 8 illustrates the concept of clock skew. The clock skew for a clock distribution system can be numerically described in terms of a statistical component, due, for example, to power supply fluctuations, temperature variations, and the like, combined with a nominal variation component, due, for example, to actual physical variations such as wire capacitance, wire lengths, and the like. The accuracy of the measurements made with the invention is significantly higher than with prior art techniques because statistical and nominal variations physically present in a particular machine are automatically taken into account. Also, there no longer exist any detrimental loading effects introduced when attaching an oscilloscope's probes to the highly tuned clock distribution system.
FIG. 9 shows in simplified block diagram form a clock distribution system. In this system, there are three hierarchical elements in the clock system to be analyzed. These hierarchical elements could be chips, boards or even whole systems. A single clock source is applied to element 121 which, in turn, sends separate copies of the clock to elements 122 and 123. This hypothetical system was, by definition, designed such that the delay between elements 121 and 122 was equal to the delay between elements 121 and 123 but, in an actual system, statistical and nominal variations cause these two delays not to be equal producing clock skew between the elements 122 and 123.
To determine the amount of skew, it is necessary to perform an analysis between elements 121 and 122 and between elements 121 and 123. This is accomplished, applying the principles of the invention, as illustrated in FIG. 10. Shift register latches (SRLs), comprising latch/trigger pairs, have been added to elements 121, 122 and 123 of the clock distribution system. A start SRL 124 is added to element 121, and catch SRLs 125 and 126 are added to elements 122 and 123, respectively. A common reference clock 127 is supplied to each of the SRLs being used for skew measurement. A variable frequency oscillator is used to increase or decrease cycle time as in the basic self-timing function. An artificial delay block 128 has been added to the self timing clock path so that the total delay is within the system under test scan operation capability and the variable frequency oscillator capability.
In operation, the start and catch SRLs are initialized by scanning a set bit, S, of opposing values into the start SRL 124 and the catch SRLs 125 and 126. The scan-in operation employs the self-timing scan-in clock sequence leaving the set bits in the latch portions of the SRLs. Using the self-timing sequencing of the system clocks described above, a single reference trigger is supplied simultaneously to the start and catch SRLs followed at some known interval, Tc, by a reference latch clock. The setting of the variable frequency oscillator determines the interval between the two reference clocks. Finally, using the self-timing scan-out clock sequence, data in the catch SRLs is examined to determine whether or not the set bit was successfully propagated from the start SRL 124.
Assuming that the initial interval between the reference trigger and reference latch clocks was greater than the delay between elements 121 and 122 and between elements 121 and 123, the set bit, S, will be present in both the catch SRLs 125 and 126. The process is reiterated after decreasing the cycle time by a predetermined amount. The catch SRLs 125 and 126 are again examined at the end of the process to determine if the set bit, S, is present. This procedure continues until the set bit, S, no longer propagates to one of the catch SRLs 125 or 126. The propagation delay between the start and catch SRLs is simply the cycle time used in the previous iteration that allowed the set bit, S, to propagate. The difference between successive intervals of the reference clocks is predictable and is kept quite small, normally on the order of tens of picoseconds. This procedure resumes and continues until the set bit, S, no longer successfully propagates to the other catch SRL 126 or 125. The propagation delay for this SRL is then the cycle time used in the previous iteration that allowed the set bit, S, to propagate.
At this time, both distinct paths have been dynamically measured using this invention and the resultant delays may be compared. The difference between the propagation delays from element 121 to element 122 and from element 121 to element 123 is the relative skew between elements 122 and 123. Therefore, using the invention, the skew between clocks at any two points in a clock distribution system may be measured quickly and accurately without the need for external measurement equipment.
Major benefits from the use of the invention to measure clock skew include very fast analysis time which allows a large sample of hardware of a large, complex computer system to be examined, with no limitation of measurement points by physically accessible locations and an increased accuracy limited only to the granularity of the interval settings of the reference latch and trigger. Controlling the clocks by hardware logic adds relatively little to the cost of the system. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that these clocks can be controlled by small software modifications to the logic support system code and minor modifications to the clock gating hardware. Thus, while the invention has been described in terms of preferred hardware and software embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
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|Philips Electronics N.V.
|A method for testing an electronic circuit by logically combining clock signals, and an electronic circuit provided with facilities for such testing
|Jul 1, 1996
|Mar 6, 1997
|Philips Electronics Nv
|A method for testing an electronic circuit by logically combining clock signals, and an electronic circuit provided with facilities for such testing
|U.S. Classification
|714/731, 714/814, 714/745
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 28, 1990
Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION, NEW Y
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HANNON, NICHOLAS P.;TAROLLI, ALBERT;WILTGEN, PAUL L.;REEL/FRAME:005425/0149;SIGNING DATES FROM 19900821 TO 19900827
|Nov 21, 2000
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 29, 2001
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jul 3, 2001
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20010427


text:
Permanent URL to this publication: http://dx.doi.org/10.5167/uzh-41452
Daleo, A; Gehrmann-De Ridder, A; Gehrmann, T; Luisoni, G (2009). NNLO Antenna Subtraction with One Hadronic Initial State. In: RADCOR 2009-9th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections, Ascona, 25 October 2009 - 30 October 2009.
In this talk we present the extension of the antenna subtraction method to include initial states containing one hadron at NNLO. We sketch the requirements for the different necessary subtraction terms, and we explain how the antenna functions are integrated over the appropriate phase space by reducing the integrals to a small set of master integrals. Where applicable, our results for the integrated antennae were cross-checked against the known NNLO coefficient functions for deep inelastic scattering processes.
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|Item Type:
|Conference or Workshop Item (Paper), not refereed, original work
|Communities & Collections:
|07 Faculty of Science > Physics Institute
|Dewey Decimal Classification:
|530 Physics
|Event End Date:
|30 October 2009
|Deposited On:
|05 Jan 2011 10:34
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|05 Apr 2016 14:32
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subset: commoncrawl


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10 Ways to Beat Traffic Around Phoenix
Although traffic around Phoenix is pretty good compared to other big cities, it still sucks to be slowed down by congestion.
We have 10 tips for getting to work and getting home faster:
See also:
-10 Things Phoenix Drivers Need to Relearn From the Driver's License Manual
10.) 51 Over 17
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If you live in north Phoenix, between State Route 51 and Interstate 17, the choice should be obvious -- 51.Next Page
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text:
FTC Vision: Kids
Stop your world. Watch the rest of it.
Advertising Agency: The Brandon Agency, SC, USA
Creative Director: Chris Vestal
Art Director: Jon Leon
Copywriter: Jay Arre
Retouchers: Christopher Bodie, Mindseye ATL
Photographer: Matt Silk, Stock
10 comments
Good ad for parents
the oldest idea in the book.."i'm so into this, i can't be bothered with - or notice - this.
Looks like there's a photoshop mistake with the green toy on middle of the floor closest to the copy. Looks like maybe they meant to make it a reflection since there's a wood texture on it, but forgot to put another one there sitting above the floor. Also, the lighting an photoshop on the other toys could be more realistic.
oh crap, here it is
what's this? it's boring, that's what it is.
| think small |


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do we or do we not lose exclusive rights to the hemangioblast program ?
how much research money has been put toward meeting our 6.75 million obligation?
what will be the consequences of a not meeting this obligation?
why don't they report what has been on this particular research it should not be lumped together as just research.
should we expect a scientific publishing of on platelets? will they file an IND before JUly 2014
and do you even care?
also lets say CHA wanted to buy out our 40% what would you take
We will lose licensing rights to hemo in US and Canada-I would not sell out to CHA. Agreement terminates at end of last license. Don't we have hostages in the lab? Platelets probably need six-nine more months.
lastbull, operating expenses on research and development were for:
It looks to me like expenses that are or could be listed under Hemangioblast research and development will certainly by 2014 (if not already done) easily eclipse $6.7 M.
Sentiment: Strong Buy
i hope you are right but it would seem prudent to break it down for investers .....so we know
and the term sheet was entered into in July of 2011 so anything before that is irrelevant
Hey Detroit...
I do care and great questions....
However let me smoke peace pipe and conjour the Huffingting Post....The I will copy and paste the answer for you.....Cause it is all true....More so than the Internet.....Trust....


text:
If you only need the data in one pass then it would be a simple matter of transforming a vertex a second time in the vertex shader by the WVP matrix with a depth bias added. The result of that could then be passed on to the pixel shader where you can play with the biased value, while the pixel will be rendered in it's un-biased position by the first transform.
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Hey Molly,
Did I think I saw you at the scrapbook clubhouse crop the other weekend? Wasn't sure??
You just missed the one last Thursday, next one isn't til February - the 16th I think, whatever the 3rd Thursday of the Month is. I am beginning to think they need to expand to maybe two thursdays a month. we all love to go.
Hope to see you there!!


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Character SHOULD matter in politics, however it rarely raises its head. Joe Szwaja has a better character than anyone in politics in Seattle, just about.
Dude cut his girlfriend, ditched out on child support? Fuck 'im.
Agreed (GRANT), Joe is a solid progressive, and would do a helluva a job in city council and would allow Nick to get some things done. However his little game of ultimate frisbee with his ex's nose is going to doom him. Not to mention the child support thang. We all make mistakes, but not paying child support is just super lame. I would beg for money on the streets and sell oranges on the freeway entrances before I let my kids not get their dough. Too bad, I was excited for his run. I still hope he wins.
I'm totally confused by your position.
You state that "not paying child support is just super lame. I would beg for money on the streets and sell oranges on the freeway entrances before I let my kids not get their dough."
Yet you then go on to say that you hope a candidate who lapsed not once, BUT TWICE, in paying thousands of dollars in child support, gets elected to the Seattle City Council.
The character of a politician totally matters. Why on earth would you want some so-called "progressive" elected who is so "progressive" he doesn't even care enough to pay child support for his kid?????
Go Jean.
Simple- Politically I think he will do a great job and be a voice for the disenfranchised in a business friendly council. Politically he is left of Nick which will allow for a more progressive council.
He was effective when he was a council man in Wisconsin and was able to do things I am interested in getting done here.
Personally, I think what he did as a man is lame.
If youre confused I suggest an IPA.
Personally, to say the least, I'm not a fan of a guy who busts up his wife and won't pay his child support, let alone am I reluctant to vote for him. He's not getting my vote and once the dirt starts flying, I'm pretty sure he's not getting the vote of at least 60-65% of active voters either.
So basically you are willing to forgive the reprehensible personal actions of a politician if he is in-sync with you politically?
I really think this sort of thinking is a disservice to the progressive ideal that you, and I, support.
I am hard pressed to think of something more unequivocally unacceptable than domestic violence, especially to progressives! That you are willing to overlook Szwaja's abuse of his girlfriend is a slap in the face to abused women everywhere and, in essence, says to abused women that it's not that big of an issue. It is clearly not a deal breaker for you. Which I think is a shame. And not at all reflective of progressive values. Progressive politicians should reflect progressive values in their personal and professional lives. Anything less is unacceptable. The Greens can, and should, do a lot better than putting up a candidate like Joe Szwaja.
Your desire to see a man of such low personal integrity and character elected simply because he says the right things is unfortunate.
I think you need an IPA to help clear your conscience if you really support this guy.
Ethical behavior, integrity, and progressive values are all important in a candidate. That is why I support Jean.
Um, exactly what are we protesting about by voting for Joe? I mean, seriously. ... Seriously.
"So basically you are willing to forgive the reprehensible personal actions of a politician if he is in-sync with you politically?" No, I never said such a thing.
"I really think this sort of thinking is a disservice to the progressive ideal that you, and I, support. "
You have a point, a valid one, but why would you support Jean Godden and call yourself a progressive.
Look frankly is a non issue because I think he is done, he wont go anywhere. my point is that he would have made a great council member.
Ugh. What a lousy choice this will be.
"Why would you support Jean Godden and call yourself a progressive?"
Because Jean Godden is a progressive. On every issue.
She's pro-union, enacted major legislation to protect the environment, supports heavy funding for social service programs, supports equality for the LGBTQ community, supports mass transit as the future for Seattle instead of more roads, and has been outspoken on all of these issues, etc, etc, etc.
Why would you think she isn't a progressive? I would check out her endorsement page: http://www.jeangodden.com/endorsements.php
She's supported by progressives from UNITE HERE Local 8 to Peter Steinbrueck.
This myth that she isn't progressive is exactly that: a myth.
Godden supported the tunnel. $5 billion for the absolutely worst transportation choice.
Joe didn't have his wages garnished 10/26/2004 for parking in load zones, driveways and not paying the transit MVET. Now if he had done that, maybe he would deserve this reporting of personal destruction. Right ECB.
You're an idiot. 7 out of 9 Councilmembers supported the tunnel (including Steinbrueck). So I am assuming you're calling for the ouster of all 7 because they disagreed with you on one transportation policy initiative?
After the city-wide vote, which the City Council called for, all members, including former tunnel supporters like Godden and Steinbrueck, have agreed that a new alternative needs to be developed.
And to compare a parking ticket (not that Szwaja, no stranger to a jail cell, hasn't also been arrested for traffic violations) to domestic violence is pathetic. Go crawl back under your rock.
Godden is not a progressive on most issues. And her leadership is underwhelming at best. Anyone who has worked with her and isn't paid to make her look good knows it. She has to run a campaign based on personality politics and name recognition to obscure how underwhelming she's been the last four years.
She not only supported the tunnel but also was a huge backer of Paul Allen's streetcar (along with any number of other public subsidies for SL Union redevelopment)-- some vision! Who helped fund her first election? Among others, landlords trying to get rid of Judy Nicastro. What has she done on affordable housing since being elected? Mainly helped dilute the meaning of affordable housing so that market rate and near-market rate housing can get tax breaks and government subsidies. And while I know it's not the dominant topic of the day, I think it's worth noting that she's poor on police accountability issues as well.
Godden does have the support of unions, and supports the rights of workers to organize. That's good, but not enough. The unions attached to her, while they may be aggressive in advocating on behalf of their members, are acting more like an interest group and than a social movement. There's more to being a progressive than voting the right way on project labor agreements. You have to ask more about public private partnerships than whether they will provide a few unionized construction or janitor jobs.
As for Joe, I think ECB is right that while he has impeccable lefty cred, he and his supporters' immediate, early responses to revelations about his personal life have been too dismissive. Her elaboration that "Im not saying people cant reform themselves, but they have to make a compelling case" is spot on. Joe can't rest on his laurels or dismiss questions about his personal life out of hand. He will have to make a compelling case. I think he can do that, certainly better than anyone could make a compelling case that Jean Godden is a progressive.
ok, so first the disclosure: i do think Joe would be downright great on council.
here's my concern with this thread - yes, he threw a plate at his ex and cut her face. he has acknowledged this. we will never know the truth about what happened in that place on that day. and i don't know about all of you but while i'm much the same as i was 20 years ago, i've also learned a ton and maybe Joe has too. i'm pretty sure that 20 years ago if someone threw a glass at me, i might have thrown something back.
now i would not - not a chance. perhaps Joe has grown up too.
ditto lame. Twenty-five years ago a girlfriend threw a knife at me during an argument and I reflexively threw the beer I was holding straight at her. Luckily, I'm a lousy pitcher and so the bottle hit the wall behind her and shattered relatively harmlessly.
That was the one and only incidence of anything resembling domestic violence in my life and we went on to have a great eight year relationship.
But suppose it had hit her or one of the shards had cut her. I'm supposed to be judged on that 25 years later? Batcrap.
Dude sounds like a royal A-Hole to me, but ECB is bound to get all swoony because of Left of Sims politics (or so he claims)...
Full disclosure: I am not paid to make Jean Godden look good but I do think she is a great councilmember. Just because she doesn't have a great publicity machine, or call a press conference everytime she does something important doesn't mean she isn't doing great things for the people of Seattle.
To take on a few of your points:
Yes, the SLU Streetcar is going to be subsidized, but newsflash: ALL mass transit is. Metro buses and Sound Transit are subsidized, should we cut those programs? Godden supports taking steps to give people an alternative to driving. Last I checked, that's a progressive value.
"What has she done on affordable housing since being elected? Mainly helped dilute the meaning of affordable housing so that market rate and near-market rate housing can get tax breaks and government subsidies" For someone who claims to work in politics a) you don't mention that the city has no jurisdiction over limiting condo conversions or limiting rent prices and b) completely leave out the fact that Godden was one of the leaders on the the Council who made the Mayor agree to a $20 sq/ft tax on buildings built above the new height limit that goes straight into a fund to pay for affordable housing. Again, that's progressive legislation.
And finally, you complete omit all the environmental protections that Councilmember Godden has helped passed (again, the last time I checked, protecting the environment was pretty central to progressives). From greening up Seattle City Light to taking the lead on the Environmentally Critical Areas Ordinance, etc. Look it up. She's been a very effective progressive legislator on the council. Which is why she has such broad-based support amongst the labor and environmental communities.
And for the record, labor unions are on the front lines of fighting for social justice in this country. Yes, they are acting on behalf of their membership, but they are also smart enough to have a big picture view and to work in coalitions to advance the social good of the disadvantaged. If you don't think UNITE HERE is doing amazing, progressive advocacy and organizing (and whom Jean actively worked with and supported during her term), well I dunno, we just disagree.
It seems that many local reporters are happy to dig up this old dirt and leave it at that. It's sad because Joe is actually a man of great character who has been working diligently over the last decades to improve conditions for people locally and in other parts of the world. He would be a great city council member.
If Erica Barnett and the Stranger want to print this old crap, at least have the decency to follow up and talk with some of the many people who defended Joe in response to the original smear campaign by Angela Galloway. Instead Erica Barnett dismisses us and finds our response "frankly, a little shocking." She states that we "attacked Galloway personally" and called "her article shoddy, unprincipled...." Well in fact her article was a great example of poor journalism but aside from that, we know Joe. And if you are worried about Joe's character....you do NOT know Joe.
We defend Joe because we know that these events are not Joe. I personally know some of the background surrounding these events. It is difficult to express regret without offering some insight or explanation. But you can't publicly offer an explanation because 1.) it will SOUND like you're trying to defend your actions even though you are not and 2.) in the sound-bite ridden media any statement can be taken out of context to mean something unintended or not true.
Joe is a good man. I urge people to also consider his accomplishments in Madison and in Seattle as well as considering the respect he has earned in our communities.
Is this what you mean by "Look into the red eye of your god!" ?
I defend Joe Szwaja because I know the man personally and he is not the person that the Godden campaign -- who fed this story to the media -- want to portray him as.
Joe is a principled, kind, gentle and decent man whose integrity is without question to me. I'm very disappointed that Erica Barnett would devote so much of this piece to an incident in which Joe accident hurt an ex girlfriend after being attacked, and then not even ask Joe himself about it for his side of the story.
This isn't a slam on women who have suffered physical abuse -- my own mother spent time in an abusive relationship when I was young -- because Joe IS NOT A VIOLENT MAN and this accident is a lone incident that has never happened before or since and it's sad if THIS is the reason people don't vote for him.
He's a fine candidate, a credible candidate and a wonderful human being. Just ask anyone who knows him. Ask his friends. Ask fellow activists. Ask his students. Ask his students' parents.
Joe is a helluva stand up guy and one who doesn't deserve to be smeared.
It's unfortunate that Ms. Barnett accepted the same framing of this issue that Galloway did in her article, which is that of an attack on Szwaja's character without giving any mention of the context of the incidents or of the testimony many in Seattle are willingly giving in support of Joe's character.
With respect to the domestic violence incident, Joe did speak to that and express his regret on the latest "Mind over Matters" radio show, which Ms. Barnett should have noted. Also, a simple Google search can find the article Campaign Brochure Infuriates Alderman, Saturday, March 30, 1991, By Michael Stone The Capital Times http://www.madison.com/archives/ read.php?ref=/tct/1991/03/30/9 103300407.php).
The article points out, among other things, that the woman involved in the incident stated that what happened was a freak accident; she never wanted Szwaja arrested or charges pressed; she threatened to sue Szwajas opponent at the time who was making insinuations of domestic violence, calling his literature slanderous and sleazy; and she complimented Joe as a very responsible parent and even went on to sign a sworn statement stating that the incident was an accident. Also, Madison voters re-elected him twice after all these issues were discussed in the papers.
These things are at least worthy of mention, as is the fact that there was exactly *one* incident. There were no other violent incidents either before or in the 17 years since. Furthermore, hes been a school teacher for the past 14 years and worked with many women with no problem, and been happily married for many years, also with no problems.
Also the facts about paying for his son's birth (and child support) are misleadingly stated: he did pay everything eventually. At the time I believe he earned less than $16,000 a year and had some trouble paying these bills on time. Joe has a very good relationship with his son and a letter from his adult son in support of Joe is on his website.
Could Joe have had a better driving record? Yes, but I can't believe his poor driving record from 15 years ago in another state (no problems in Seattle) is a worthy campaign issue. At least some of the issues in this race are as stated on Joe Szwajas site, joeforcouncil.com/2007_06 _01a.html and are much more worthy of discussion.
As long as we're talking about character, I'd like to say that I know Joe personally, and think he's one of the kindest and gentlest people I know. We've worked together for over 10 years on human rights issues, and I've always been inspired by his tireless courage and devotion to help the less fortunate, even when things have looked hopeless. His conscience and character are of the highest order.
Other than taking a vow of silence and retiring to a monastery, I don't know what more he could have been expected to do to demonstrate who he is and what he stands for. Apparently some of the posters on this site are fundamentalists who think a man should be forever condemned for a past mistake, but I'm hoping the voting public will be mole discerning.
Hey Godden Supporter (@ 18),
If you're not paid to make her look good (and by that I include lobbyists and interest groups who are invested in her), then why don't you give us an authentic handle to go by in your "full disclosure"? As in: your name. I don't work in politics. But I guess you do? Where is that, exactly?
As for your misdirections: 1) the streetcar was not a mass transit priority, it was a Paul Allen SLU redevelopment priority, and certainly not anything that will significantly reduce auto trips; 2) I wasn't talking about rent control or condo conversion, I was talking about Godden's vote to give tax breaks to developers who develop studio apartments that rent for as much as $950 a month at a time of crisis for real affordable housing; and 3) I'm a labor union member and movement supporter, but there's more to politics than the right to organize. Fact: even "progressive" unions tend to turn a blind eye to corporate welfare and public-private partnership boondoggles. Godden isn't all bad, but you're greatly exaggerating her leadership and accomplishments, and stripping the meaning from the term "progressive" in the process.
@ 23 Trevor (if that's even your real name), I don't give out my personal info on the internet, let alone on SLOG. That's why people use nicknames. It's kind of the standard format on here.
If you want to mischaracterize a few of Godden's positions in a feeble attempt to cast her as "unprogressive," be my guest. But you are just flat out wrong.
Just one example, because apparently you had your head buried in the sand when the Council approved, 7 to 2, the Streetcar.
From the PI:
"The Seattle City Council gave the go-ahead to the South Lake Union streetcar yesterday, approving a plan to pay for construction and operation, using only limited and specific money from the city's general fund.
Private property owners along the route will pay more than half of the cost of building the streetcar line, which is a key part of Mayor Greg Nickels' effort to redevelop the neighborhood as a biotechnology hub and upscale urban neighborhood.
The rest of the construction money is expected to come from state and regional public transportation grants.
"Initially I was a skeptic, given all the other funding priorities that we have," Councilman Richard Conlin, head of the council's Transportation Committee, said yesterday.
"We set some very stringent requirements that they would have to meet to make this work, and the mayor's plan meets the criteria."
Council members were adamant that the South Lake Union streetcar isn't a project to itself, but should be viewed as the first leg of a system that will eventually stretch into other neighborhoods.
The 2.6-mile line approved by the council yesterday will run from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center to Westlake. Supporters say the streetcar could be running by late 2007.
Before construction starts, the council still has to approve formation of a Local Improvement District to tax businesses along the route.
The council voted 7 to 2 to support the plan, with Nick Licata and Peter Steinbrueck voting against it."
Doesn't exactly sound like a crazy boondoggle.
And the fact that you do not mention any of her impressive environmental accomplishments while on the council gives truth to the fact that you have already made up your mind, as have i, so this discussion is moot.
When August and November role around I will be taking my cues from progressives like Conlin and Steinbrueck and SEIU and UNITE HERE and casting my ballot for the progressive Jean Godden.
You are more than welcome to vote for Joe as a big pointless and meaningless fuck you to "the establishment." However, I don't know if having a guy who once played ultimate frisbee with his wife's face is really who you want leading your protest movement (what exactly your protesting is, as Will @ 8 said, still confusing).
I am skeptical about Szwaja because of his record, but it would be nice if the Stranger gave this him a fair look rather than dismiss him based on a 20 year old incident that we don't know the whole story of. Why do the Godden campaign's job for them? They have enough money for their own ads.
The Godden Supporter writing, "However, I don't know if having a guy who once played ultimate frisbee with his wife's face" makes me immediately suspicious that they are going for character assassination because they don't want to address the issues. We need more real progressives in government. If he has a good record for the last 20 years I may be willing to give him the benefit of the doubt and vote for him. I'm just sick of these mainstream politicians getting elected.
Actually, Trevor is my real name. Seems like Jude, Manu, Will, Mike, Zander, Grant and Doug all used their names in this thread alone. How hard can it be?
Agreed that there's not much use in debating. But for the record, the Mayor is asking for another $3 million from the City to fund the streetcar-- exactly what he originally promised would not happen.
So what we're really saying is this: if one has lived a sheltered life, where one never made mistakes, then you can run for office--as a progressive. But lets face it--if the PI and the Stranger didn't have Szwaja's past to recycle for the next four months, they would find something else. That is because the liberal establishment feels entitled to all progressive votes, and feel very safe in a two party system. I challenge the Stranger and others to give the same treatment to all candidates as they give to greens and to actually write an article that doesn't include, "Buuuuut, there this past stuff". Yes we know. Now, tell us something new, please.
I'm disappointed in Ms. Barnett. You've done your readers a disservice by highlighting one blight on the record of one of the most outstanding citizens in Seattle. Do we judge a man for a few of his actions twenty years ago, or do we take into account his accomplishments since then?
Joe walks a walk that most of us can't even comprehend: as social studies and Spanish teacher, Joe makes human rights awareness an integral aspect of his curriculum; he organizes yearly trips to Guatemala, where his students not only learn Spanish but experience a hands-on crash course on US foreign policy and the many struggles of a third world nation. His fundraising efforts have raised hundreds of thousands for local progressive organizations, from Katrina Relief to Washington Public Campaigns and Instant Runoff Voting to renewable energy. As outrageous as it sounds, it is no exaggeration to say that he played a small but significant role in a tiny unknown Asian island gaining its independence from one of the most ruthless oppressors of modern times.
Not only has Joe done all this, but he has a record as an elected official, serving seven years on the city council of Madison WI. And all this since his "regrettable incident".
Of course, with 50 years experience as a gossip columnist for the PI, Godden is nothing compared to Joe. So instead of debating issues -where she would fail- her campaign opts instead to fling dirt.
C'mon, Stranger, you can do better....
I guess more than anything I am "shocked" at Eric Barnett for accepting the "frame" provided by the Godden campaign so readily without doing any basic journalism herself.
As a resident of Madison when Joe Szwaja served on the common council (though not in his specific district), I can say that these matters received less scrutiny then at the time than they are now. This is not to say that personal matters are off-limits with respect to showing how behavior and character are related. But from Joe's reputation at the time, his standing in that community and from the context of the events which are not going to be captured twenty years later through newspaper microfiche and police blogs, these are non-stories posing as analysis.
As a matter of fact, it is downright Rovian. Isn't it an example of Sun Tzu's (and thereby, Karl Rove's) maxim that you attack your opponent's STRENGTH in politics? If Joe is running as the "principled" candidate, wouldn't Karl Rove attack in this very way?
No, what is more shocking is that Joe Szwaja has people lined up in both Seattle and Madison who are willing to vouch for the person he is, the principles he holds and the integrity he embodies and both of these apparently "cub" reporters can't seem to find a one to quote or get a good story from. Here's a clue: why doesn't somebody ask Joe about the "sanctuary vote" from around the time of the Gulf War and staring down mean, redneck ex-GI's who were p*ssed and looking like they were going to pull out guns in the middle of the council debate on the proposal? It was one of the bravest things I have ever witnessed in local politics.
I am extremely disappointed in Ms. Barnett and the Stranger, a reporter for whom and a paper for which I have great admiration and respect. Their reporting on transportation is absolutely topnotch. But apparently when it comes to giving progressive politicians a fair shake (which is more than we expect from any other rag in town), the Stranger, like most of the rest of the left, loves to eat its own.
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I'm trying to create a P2 child theme and am having some problems. There's a function in p2/inc/template-tags.php that I'd like to change, but I keep getting a "cannot redeclare" error.
I thought that once you copy a template file into the child directory that WordPress ignores the parent version? However, that doesn't seem to be the case here.
Any ideas?


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Fleece Friday: Take 15% off 1+ yards of Fleece Fabric Through 11:59 PM EDT July 29th.
I live in Austin, TX. I was a Peace Corps Vol. in The Gambia, West Africa. I have also lived in Cameroon,(Bombay and Chennai) India, Barbados, Senegal, Ivory Coast, Djibouti, Germany, Afghanistan, Sweden, and France. Enjoy!
© 2008-2015 Spoonflower Inc


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Single Article Purchase:
Oral Fluoroquinolone Use and Retinal Detachment: Reconciling Conflicting Findings in Observational Research
Brett AS.
Published online November 27, 2013
Choose criteria for pricing info
Want online access for an institution? Learn More/Request Quote >
Obtain AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ by reading an article and completing an online quiz. Quizzes are available to AMA Members, subscribers, and those who have purchased tokens.


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Is there any encouragement from belonging to Christ? Any comfort from his love? Any fellowship together in the Spirit? Are your hearts tender and compassionate? Then make me truly happy by agreeing wholeheartedly with each other, loving one another, and working together with one mind and purpose. — Philippians 2:1-2
As author John Maxwell has noted, there is a difference between being a leader and being a manager. He often points out that management focuses on maintaining systems and processes, while leadership is about "influencing people to follow." One way to cultivate such influence is breathtaking in its simplicity: Influence involves caring sincerely about others.
While going through my senior year of college, there were days when it seemed as if the weight of the world had been placed on my shoulders. Classes were scheduled at odd times, so I had to plan meetings, work, and other errands as opportunity allowed. One day, I was feeling particularly frustrated when I stopped by my mailbox. Most of the time, there was nothing inside. But on this day, I found a card containing a few encouraging lines penned in blue ink.
What struck me was that it didn't have a name on it. It didn't have to. The card had done the job it was intended to do--to show me that I was cared for and appreciated.
Of course, showing someone that you care can be accomplished in ways other than sending a card to someone. A kind word can do the same thing. If somebody is struggling with an issue (or life in general), simply sitting and listening can be worth more than any words that may come to mind. And don't forget prayer, for "the earnest prayer of a righteous person has great power and produces wonderful results" (James 5:16).
However, encouragement isn't just reserved for those who know Christ Jesus. All people need to hear positive words, especially the words that tell of One who died for us so that we can have eternal life. Let's strive to be an encouragement to all we come in contact with daily.
Has God called you to be a leader? Ministry Today magazine is the source that Christian leaders who want to serve with passion and purpose turn to. Subscribe now and receive a free leadership book.
What are you doing to actively reach new people? From blogging and social media to podcasting and book publishing, the On Platform Seminar will teach you how to expand your reach by using new platforms as launching pads into larger audiences. Click Here.


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by ralbrightii
on 4/30/2015
Using this in my church to power 2 projectors that are used as output from our camera software and it introduces a 450ms delay into the feed. Really annoying for doing a live event with sound, as the sound is arriving before the video, so our broadcast looks like a cheap chinese dub. We tried it with all matter of CAT5 and CAT6 cables (both UTP and STP, solid/stranded, shielded and non-shielded) and the delay was consistent across all cables. Total length on each run was only about 150-175 feet, well within the supposed specs outlined by the distributor.If you are looking for a unit for live applications with video output in the same room as the presenter on camera, look elsewhere. If they are in separate rooms where you can control the audio, this will be fine. It does the job we need, but at a cost that is VERY annoying and frustrating.We will more than likely be searching elsewhere for a replacement system that does not introduce this big of a delay. (We could live with a 100ms delay at max.)
by carysharpe
on 2/18/2014
Replaced my churches over reaching VGA Distribution network with Cat5 cable and this family of products. Very nice result! Significant improvement of signal/picture quality on our network of projectors. Easy enough to use, but I would have benefitted from some explanation or instruction regarding the need to adjust the peak and gain settings in order for the projectors to receive the video signal and to optimize picture quality on the receiver end. This would have helped me achieve these excellent results a little bit quicker and with less stress. We did not use the audio option in our application.I must say that this product works very well, especially for the price!
by metrosoundpros
on 3/20/2013
passed highest resolutions without issue via CAT6 at around 450ft.
Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader
50-10090 - Stainless Steel HDMI Single Gang Wall Plate
Single gang stainless steel wall plate has a single HDMI pass-through port, and provides a clean look in any residential or commercial installation.
Single HDMI port
HDMI 1.4 compatible Gold plated connectors Screws included Mounting depth: 7/8"
831-1425 - 50' Gray Cat5e Ethernet Patch Cable
These new cables offer data transmission rates of up to 155Mbps, a 50% improvement over standard Cat. 5 cables. Supports today's 100Mbps fast ethernet standards. Specifications: 4 pair 24AWG unshielded wiring. RJ-45 connectors. Meets EIA/TIA 568B standards.
831-1428 - 100' Gray Cat5e Ethernet Patch Cable
83-7856 - 6 ft SVGA HD15 Male to Male Cable
These male to male SVGA cables are used for connecting a display directly to a PC, or connecting to a switch box or extender.
50-15035 - Single Reciever Active Vga To Cat5 Balun
VGA To Cat5 Balun Receiver
Part of a family of products that allows distribution of VGA video with stereo audio to multiple monitors. each up to 1,000' from the source.
Sold separately, you can choose a two, four or eight output video sender, then simply purcha...
21-10255 - Desk Top LED Magnifier Lamp with Flexible Gooseneck- 60 LEDS
60 bright LED lights make this compact magnifier lamp ideal for use in low light settings. Three diopter and eight diopter bifocal glass lens allows detailed viewing for a variety of applications. Flexible goose-neck is handy for easy positioning.
293-315 - Procell "AA" Alkaline Battery 144 Count Bulk Pack
The #1 rated batteries by AV and broadcast professionals. ProCell batteries can last up to seven years. These batteries can operate in temperatures of —20°C~54°C. They can last up to ten times longer than super heavy duty zinc carbon batteries in power demanding a...
I am very pleased with both the products and the services. Thank you.


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What was the MOST ridiculous thing a patient came to the ER for? - page 175
and do you have to treat them? I am just curious. Your stories always seem to either crack me up or shake my head in amazement. Thanks for sharing :)... Read More
7Apr 13 by skylarkCompletely off topic but thought I would share anyway.
We all know that feeling, at the end of a run of night shifts, when you have the attention span of a flea, and everything is inappropriately funny?
Our manager decided that this was the perfect time to do our BLS/CPR update, straight after the 5th night.
Our hospital does not believe is spending money, so all the mannekins are broken, and the defibs are actually cardboard fakes.
The ER group dutifully sat through the video and then got to work resuscitating the mannekins, pretty much on auto-pilot, until the infant mannekin showed up.
This was even more beat up than the adults, and once we realized the head was loose, that ER sense of humor kicked in, and we went into schoolyard mode, trying to devise maximum entertainment from the up-until-now tedious class.
Imagine our joy when we discovered that if you thump it hard enough, not only does the head shoot off, but the battery pack is violently dispatched from the diaper area, with similar velocity.
And so we spent the next ten minutes happily administering good old precordial thumps, to see who could shoot the head and the battery pack the furthest. I guess you had to be there, but for a group of ER nurses who were way beyond tired, it was hysterically funny. Launching the battery pack outta the diaper was a blast, especially when it shot across the room and hit the wall.
Disclaimer - just for anyone who does not get frazzled ER humor - do not try this at home. Its reserved for those of us who have been awake more than 24 hours, and have been doing this job way too long.
And just to end the "day", on the train home from the class i saw a guy sitting opposite me brushing his eyebrows with a toothbrush.
I really think I need to get out of Dodge and find me a beach vacation before I end up with an enforced vacation that involves 4 points.Last edit by skylark on Apr 13 : Reason: typo
0Apr 13 by Dragonnurse1Skylark, I burst out laughing at this.....reminds me of some of my nights. Too funny!!


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Hello Jplayer users and developers -
Last night I installed the JPlayer plugin on my WordPress site and uploaded some audio clips on a page, and it was working fine on my machine (Chrome Version 25.0.1364.97 beta-m, Windows 7).
However my boss called me from work this morning and he says it's not playing on his machine (also a fairly recent version of Chrome, on Windows XP).
He clicks the arrow and sees the 'cursor' sliding along the music clip (we're just using the default player layout for the moment), but he doesn't hear any audio. (His audio is "on" because he's able to go to other sites and listen to audio.)
We've watched YouTube on his machine in Chrome and it works fine. I'm not sure if his Chrome is using Flash or HTML5 - I'm pretty sure it has Flash installed, and his Chrome probably also has HTML5.
Now I've lost faith that this JPlayer plugin is going to be able to work across all types of machines. I tested it in a recent version of Chrome on Windows 7 at home - and then it doesn't work on a recent version of Chrome on Windows XP on my boss's machine (which has Flash and probably HTML5)??
I don't get it. How can I possibly test for this scenario? How can I invite users to my website and be sure that (as long as they have a reasonably modern platform), JPlayer will work? Is adding MP3 to a WordPress site gonna be like brain surgery, like rocket science?
JPlayer seems like it's one of the more mature MP3 players out there. It's been around for many years and it supports most platforms. That's why I picked it. It seemed like a sure thing.
Now I don't know how much I'm going to have to test it in order to be sure that it actually works on most platforms.
Of course, I'm happy to test all the typical combinations of hardware (PC, Tablet, Smartphone) operating systems (Windows, iOS, Android), and media support (Flash, HTML5) - but here we have a case of two very similar platforms, my machine running the latest (beta) Chrome on Windows 7, and my boss's machine on WinXP running a fairly recent version of Chrome (because I assume his Chrome has been automatically updating itself over the past few months, as Chrome tends to do)... and yet, the JPlayer plugin works on my Windows/Chrome combo and not on his.
I am at a loss as to what I should look for in this case. Even if I make my boss upgrade his Chrome to the absolute latest version (the same as mine), that doesn't really solve the problem, does it? Because, remember: we need to be able have some sort of confidence that JPlayer will run on most "typical" platforms - and because of this early glitch, I no longer have this confidence.
By the way, this implies that if fixing this involves upgrading my boss's fairly-modern browser, then we can't really consider that to be a real "solution". Because, ideally, the JPlayer plugin should "just work" on any typical platform in the first place - with no need to upgrade the browser (as long at it's a fairly modern browser). So I really really hope that this problem is due to some coding error on my part.
The shortcode I used on the Page in WordPress is as follows:
[mp3j title="Ele precisa de um médico." track="He-needs-a-doctor.mp3"]
Thank you for any help on how to resolve this - hopefully without upgrading the browser.
Here is a page from my site (an English learning site in Brazil), with some audio clips: