text: %% Image selected per Image Pickin' thread: http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/posts.php?discussion=1436122275091487100%% Please do not replace or remove without starting a new thread.%%[[quoteright:350:http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/rms_titanic.png]][[caption-width-right:350:''"God Himself cannot sink this ship."'']]->''"It seems to me that the disaster about to occur was the event that not only made the world rub its eyes and awake, but woke it with a start. To my mind, the world of today awoke April 15th, 1912."''-->-- '''Jack Thayer''', ''Titanic'' survivorThe RMS ''Titanic'' was a transatlantic liner that [[ForegoneConclusion sank]] in 1912, causing approximately 1,500 deaths. At the time of her maiden (first) voyage, she was the largest ship to have ever sailed the seas. Construction started in 1909 in the Harland & Wolff shipyard in Belfast, and was completed a few months before the big trip--enough time for rumors to spread about the luxurious White Star Liner being "unsinkable". Then, said ship sets sail for New York, hits an iceberg on the fourth day, and sinks in less than three hours. Its fate has inspired [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_about_the_RMS_Titanic at least 36 movies]], including a [[Film/{{Titanic1943}} Nazi propaganda film]], two cartoonified versions in which Everyone Lives, and Creator/JamesCameron's 1997 blockbuster ''Film/{{Titanic|1997}}''.Throughout the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries, millions of emigrants wanted to go to America to start a new life, and the mail services in Europe needed a swift and reliable means of transporting hundreds of thousands of letters and packages across the Atlantic. Various ship lines in Great Britain, the United States and eventually Germany would answer the call with large, steam-driven ships, but the most famous of these lines, Great Britain's Cunard and White Star, would be the big dogs, constantly competing against each other for emigrant passenger tickets (the ''real'' bread and butter of the trade, rather than first-class passengers) and the profitable license to carry the mail to and from Britain. Hence the initials ''RMS'' on ships that held that license -- '''R'''oyal '''M'''ail '''S'''teamer.But in the late 1890s, the Norddeutscher Lloyd and Hamburg America Lines threatened to encroach into Cunard and White Star's competition with the launch and maiden voyages of the ''Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse'' and ''Deutschland'', two liners of unprecedented size, speed (with ''Kaiser'' running at a then-unheard-of speed of 22.35 knots (Just over 41km/h or almost 26mph), and ''Deutschland'' traveling even faster) and luxury. In response, the Cunard Line (that had always placed speed and ''reliability'' as paramount for their ships) produced the 787 and 790-foot long ''Lusitania'' and ''Mauretania'' in 1907, with top speeds of over 24 knots, thanks to their four turbine engines (the first class of ocean liners to be exclusively turbine-driven, after the comparative experiment with Cunard's liners ''Carmania'' and ''Caronia'' over the cost-effectiveness of the turbine in 1905) and the largest liners in the world both in physical size and mass (the empty shell of the ''Lusitania'' at launch outweighed the fully outfitted ''Kaiser'' by 2,000 gross tons), as well as among the first to have elevators (or "lifts" as the British know them) for passengers.White Star, seeing the threat Cunard's new "Greyhounds of the Atlantic" presented to the company, quickly drafted a response. As opposed to Cunard, White Star prided itself on comfort and luxury rather than pure speed (as that tended to come at the cost of passenger capacity, and resulted in a tendency to vibrate uncomfortably). Part of this was granting modest luxuries to third-class, which included linens, silverware, waiters who brought their food, and free postcards on their menus, so that they could praise White Star to their friends and relatives back home. As such, they sought to build two, possibly three, liners that were at least ninety feet longer than the ''Lusitania'' and ''Mauretania'', and by far more luxurious than both together.The answer was the ''Olympic''-Class of ship: 52,000 ton, 882-foot long superliners with the capacity for 3,000 passengers and crew, ''three'' lifts in first-class and one for second-class, and two reciprocating high-pressure engines for the two "wing" propellers, and a low-pressure turbine for the smaller, central propeller, increasing cost-effectiveness in steam economy by reusing steam wasted by the reciprocating engines. For luxury, the ships boasted promenade decks for each class, whose cabins for third and second class were just as good as second and first-class cabins on other ships, and the first-class rooms were just as splendid as any suite at the best hotels in the world, with the most expensive suite of cabins (yes, ''suite of cabins'') went for hundreds of thousands of American dollars in 2012 money, with private baths for more first and even second-class cabins than any other ship afloat (even as late as the 1930s most ships still required most passengers to share bathing facilities like in a college dorm). As the popular ships of the day had four funnels, a fake was added on the back, which also doubled as a large ventilator for the engineering spaces, reducing the number of ventilator cowls on deck, producing a clean outline, whereas the ''Mauretania'' and ''Lusitania'''s deckhouse roofs, with their multitude of cowls, looked cluttered in comparison.Safety was also considered in the design: a double-bottomed hull to contain flooding in the event of running aground; fifteen bulkheads that went two decks above the waterline (any two of which could flood with bulkheads above the floodwater to spare that divided the ship into sixteen watertight compartments); in the event of a collision, or in the impractical probability of the first four compartments flooding the ship would still float, acting as its own lifeboat until help could arrive; and above all, in the event of the worst, the ships boasted a new [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davit davit]] design that could hold up to 68 lifeboats, but for various reasons (cosmetics, impracticality, cost, etc.) the number was reduced to 20, which was still four boats beyond the legally required 16 for ships 10,000 tons and over in the British Board of Trade regulations.'''Impractical''' being the operative word. Certainly, unpredictable things might happen, but as a major passenger tragedy had not befallen any White Star ship in some forty years, there was little reason for anyone in the shipping industry to be overly concerned beyond academics.And so it became known in the shipbuilding world that the ''Olympic''-Class were "''practically'' unsinkable", and the press at large censored out the "practical" part and simply deemed them "Unsinkable," and the public bought it and ran with it. After all, in an age where men were flying, and one person communicating with someone else on the other side of the world in real time, and horses were losing buyers to the horseless carriage, the idea of a ship that could not be sunk was hardly unimaginable.And so the first ship, ''RMS Olympic'', set sail in 1911, and the response was so successful that White Star ordered a third ship, ''Britannic'' (the urban myth that she was to be named "Gigantic" and renamed after the disaster is just that, ''Gigantic'' was a joke bandied about by the workers at Harland and Wolf as a hopeful potential name for all new ships).It was in this environment that the middle child, ''Titanic'', rose to prominence. On her maiden voyage, starting at Southampton, England and Cherbourg, France on April 10th before going off to Queenstown (now Cobh), Ireland, she was loaded with not only hundreds of emmigrants from both the Continent and the British Isles, but the wealthiest aristocrats, by title or by position, on both sides of the Atlantic. These included big names such as John Jacob Astor IV, heir to the Astor Railroad fortune and his barely 19-year old bride Madeleine returning home from their extended honeymoon (and to wait out the scandal involving JJ's divorce and marriage to a younger woman... and to ensure that their unborn child was born on American soil). As well as the Strauses, Isidor and Ida, co-owners of the world-famous Macy's Department Store in New York, along with scores of other members of the 1912 rich and famous. White Star was also represented on board, with managing director J. Bruce Ismay and Harland & Wolff's head designer Thomas Andrews traveling to observe the general performance of the new ship.And at the helm, was Captain E.J. Smith, "The Millionaire's Captain," and White Star's favorite officer, who took out every new ship of the line on her maiden voyage for the past decade and a half. At the age of 63, Smith planned to retire. If not after this voyage on ''Titanic'', then certainly after ''Britannic'''s in the spring of 1915. While the majority of the crew were hired at Southampton in the days prior to the voyage, which was a common practice at the time, Smith's officers were a handpicked collection of White Star's best. But the winter of 1911-12 was unusually warm, and the threat of icebergs breaking off from the glaciers of Greenland and northeast Canada was more dire than usual, with a thicker density of icebergs and pack ice farther south than usual. ''Titanic'''s wireless operators received a number of ice warnings, but due to the nature of their employ, only sent a few to the bridge. On the day of the disaster, the operators were trying to clear a large backlog of messages that had accumulated as their equipment had broken down the day before. This made Senior Wireless Operator Jack Phillips a bit irritable, and when a nearby ship called the ''Californian'' tried to warn them of an ice field right in their path, Phillips told him to shut up, as the ''Californian'' was so close they were interfering with ''Titanic's'' signal to the mainland (the ''Titanic'' also had much more sensitive radio equipment than the ''Californian''; the message nearly blew out Phillips' ear drums). The operator on the ''Californian'' then turned in for the night and shut down his equipment, and thus the one ship within fifteen miles of the ''Titanic'' would not hear of the disaster until morning.On Sunday, April 14th, at 11:40 PM ship's time, it was a new moon and the sea as smooth as glass, highly unusual for the typically swell-filled North Atlantic. These circumstances made the prospect of finding icebergs almost impossible, without the light of the moon or the whitewash of waves breaking at the waterline of the iceberg. Normally, the lookouts would be equipped with binoculars, but a last-minute change to the command structure resulted in the binoculars being misplaced at Southampton. So it's a testament to Frederick Fleet's eyes and dedication that he saw the iceberg when he did (really more of a black mass where starlight ''wasn't''), his co-watchman Reginald Lee ringing the bell as Fleet telephoned the bridge.The officer on duty on the bridge, First Officer Murdoch, saw the iceberg too, and ordered "Hard to Starboard" (technically to Port, or a Left Turn, but ''Titanic'' used tiller commands and so the directions were reversed), and ordered all of the engines full astern.However, in the heat of the moment, Murdoch forgot a vital factor in ''Titanic'''s turning ability: The turbine could not go in reverse, so in a full-astern order it, and the center propeller directly in front of the rudder, simply stopped, and with the two wing propellers turning in reverse, the water flow over the rudder was greatly reduced, rendering the rudder practically useless. He likely ordered it to reduce speed in case they could not turn in time[[note]]The iceberg was sighted a quarter of a mile away and it took thirty seconds for the full tiller command to be implemented.[[/note]], but it has been speculated that had Murdoch ordered only the port engine reversed, or simply left the engines alone, ''Titanic'' could have either missed the iceberg entirely, or collided with greatly reduced damage. But what was done was done, and less than forty seconds later, ''Titanic'' hit the iceberg.Most of the passengers never noticed the collision, or felt little more than a slight rumbling bump. The first sign to the passengers that something was amiss came minutes later, when the engines were suddenly stopped. Thomas Andrews, the designer, never even knew of the accident until Captain Smith ordered him to go down below to examine the damage. After midnight, Andrews returned with the news, and it wasn't good. ''Six'' compartments had been breached: the forward peak, all three cargo holds, and boiler rooms 5 and 6. ''Titanic'' could float with any two compartments, or the four foremost compartments, flooding. Any more, and the ship would sink. The engineers were able to fix Boiler Room 5's two or so feet of damage and began pumping, but for every gallon the engineers pumped out, ''Titanic'' took on 15 more. Andrews informed the captain that ''Titanic'' would sink in less than two hours. Over the next two hours the crew rushed to launch the boats while Senior Wireless Operator Jack Phillips worked frantically to get the word out, right up to the very end. The closest ship to respond to the distress call, ''RMS Carpathia'', rushed to ''Titanic'''s aid, but was four hours away. The launching of lifeboats was extremely chaotic and disorganized. ''Titanic'' had never had a lifeboat drill and only had enough boats to accommodate barely half those on board. Captain Smith, upon realizing the scope of the emergency, gave vague orders and became so disconnected he didn't bother to find out if they were being carried out. His command of "Women and children first" was interpreted by Murdoch to mean "Women and children ''first'', let men in if there's room," while Second Officer Lightoller took it to mean "Women and children ''only''." Neither officer was informed of the rated capacity of the lifeboats, and erred on the side of caution. Furthermore, the ship did not appear to be in immediate danger, which made passengers reluctant to leave it on a small rowing boat in the middle of the night. All of which meant that boats built for 65 were lowered half-full.[[note]]One lifeboat, #1, had only 12 people in it. All told, there were some 400-500 empty berths on the lifeboats.[[/note]] Due to the chaotic nature of the evacuation, and the limited time in which they were launched, it has been speculated that even had there been enough lifeboats for all on board, only a small additional number would have been saved. The last boats were launched less than ten minutes before the ship went under.At 2:20 AM local time, ''Titanic'' broke apart and slipped beneath the waves, and the some-odd 1,500 men, women, and children left behind died of hypothermia in the 28°F (-2°C) water within half an hour. Only one lifeboat went back to look for survivors, and only found six. This is another point of contention about the disaster, but it's usually agreed that many desperate swimmers trying to climb into the lifeboats could have resulted in them flipping over, dooming even more survivors. With little to do but wait, the survivors were picked up by ''RMS Carpathia'' at dawn. Within hours, news of the disaster started to spread to newspapers across the globe. However, it would not be until the ''Carpathia's'' arrival in New York three days later that the true scope of the sinking was clear.After the disaster, new legislations was passed on both sides of the Atlantic to ensure that such a tragedy couldn't happen again, and the ''Titanic'' became another piece of pop culture until 1985, when a joint French and American team found the wreckage, and the following year the Woods-Hole Oceanographic Institute sent a team, lead by discoverer Dr. Robert "Bob" Ballard to dive and photograph the wreck.Today the wreck lies in two big chunks, with smaller chunks consisting of the middle section over a fifteen-square mile area. The bow is mostly intact and still resembles a ship, whereas the stern is a jumbled mess of decking and hull plating.[[note]]This is due to the way both sections reached the bottom. The bow, streamlined and filled with water, gently descended until it struck the ocean floor, whereas the stern, mostly filled with air, violently imploded on its way down.[[/note]] The wreck itself is being consumed by iron-eating bacteria, and assuming that those don't finish her off, recent sonar scans show dunes that dwarf the ship are slowly being blown her way by the currents, ensuring that the whole site will be buried.There is much controversy concerning the near-constant dives on the wreck and the issue of salvaging artifacts from the site, and the damage the efforts do to the wreckage (the team that retrieved the ship's bell destroyed the crow's nest while doing so, which until then had been virtually whole and intact. On one of the dives with the Russian Mir, a sub accidentally damaged a deckhouse with its propeller). Some equate the salvaging with grave robbing, and that the ship should be left to rust in peace. Others claim that such comparisons are invalidated by the treatment of similar legendary disaster sites such as Pompeii, and that it is important to document the wreck site as clearly and thoroughly as possible while the ship still exists.Current international legislation prohibits tampering with the wreck of the ship itself, but the debris field containing thousands of artifacts ranging from pots and pans to shoes to tableware to dolls to wreckage is more or less free rein for the Salvor-in-Possession ''Titanic'', Inc. (now Premier Exhibitions) to collect items from, which can be seen in museums and traveling exhibitions the world over.[[folder:Works Set aboard RMS ''Titanic'']]Too many to list here, but there a few noteworthy works:* ''Saved from the Titanic'' (1912): The film was made shortly after the disaster. It starred actress and model Dorothy Gibson, who ''actually was on the ship'' and ''wore the clothes she wore on the ship'' when making the movie. The prints were destroyed in a fire in 1914 and the film is lost; Gibson was so traumatized by the sinking that she retired from show business after the movie.* ''In Night and Ice'': (1912): Originally titled ''In Nacht und Eis'', an early example of a "mockumentary," reenacting the the ship's crossing, iceberg collision, and sinking aboard the German luxury liner ''Kaiserin Auguste Viktoria'', along with some laughable by today's standards model footage shot in the Baltic Sea. Unlike the Dorothy Gibson film made a few months prior, this film survives. A copy was rediscovered in 1998 and preserved by the German Film Archives.* ''Atlantic'' (1929): A very early talkie and of the first sound British films. The film is a very loose adaptation of the sinking, based on a contemporary play titled ''The Berg''. Due to a threatening letter from White Star Line, the original studio that released the film changed the ship's name (and subsequently the film's title) to a fictional "SS Atlantic." The film, while a bit primitive and sloppily made on a low budget, can be seen as a very early prototype of the DisasterMovie sub-genre, establishing various tropes and cliches that would be imitated by subsequent films in the decades to follow. Like many talkies of the time, this film was shot four times with four different casts in four separate languages; English, German, French, and Italian. This was common before dubbing came to popularity as a more cost-effective way to release sound films internationally.* ''Film/{{Titanic|1943}}'': A 1943 melodrama made in Nazi Germany as an anti-British propaganda piece. However, the film was promptly censored and withdrawn after scenes of disaster and panic turned out to be a hot bed for UnfortunateImplications and it was banned in Germany by Joseph Goebbels. Taking cues from the earlier 1929 version, this film further established and cemented many conventions and cliches that were followed up by future ''Titanic'' films, like interweaving a fictional love story amongst real historical events and portraying J. Bruce Ismay as the villain. It also takes some weird liberties with the facts for the sake of propaganda--in this film ''Titanic'' is the fastest ship in the world, John Jacob Astor is plotting a hostile takeover of White Star Line and Ismay pushes Capt. Smith to go faster than necessary in an attempt to raise White Star stock prices to fight off the takeover. (Making the heroic ship's officer a fictional German doesn't help.) The special effects, using a model 6 meters long, were good enough to be reused in ''A Night to Remember'' however. * ''Titanic'': "TheyJustDidntCare" would be a good way to describe this 1953 Clifton Webb and Creator/BarbaraStanwyck movie, which concerns itself more with a fictional custody battle between two catty first class passengers than the actual ship and the subsequent disaster.* ''Film/ANightToRemember'': (1958) A docu-novel and later film that has aged fairly enough, and even today is considered one of the more accurate portrayals of the sinking in film (Pre-1985 that is).* ''SOS Titanic'': (1979) a British/American co-production miniseries using the same docudrama template as ''A Night to Remember'', but covering the ship's entire voyage. Its historical authenticity is marred by lousy special effects, recycled stock footage from the 1958 film and some wildly inaccurate filming locations, which consisted mostly of the very art-deco liner RMS ''Queen Mary'' and a couple of luxury hotels in England. The fact that many actors are wildly miscast and look distinctly like they're from TheSeventies doesn't help the matters either. The film was aired on American television in its entire 144 minute length (excluding commercials) and was released theatrically in Europe as a 100 minute feature.* ''Film/RaiseTheTitanic'': (1980) Based on the Creator/CliveCussler novel of the same name. Against the backdrop of the UsefulNotes/ColdWar, a team led by Dirk Pitt sets out to find and raise the ship, believing a [[{{Unobtainium}} rare mineral]] to be on board. The film was a financial and critical flop.* ''Series/{{Titanic|1996}}'': (1996) Another "TheyJustDidntCare" version (this time a TV miniseries) which features historical inaccuracies in nearly every scene, removing several figures from the sinking, and have completely out-of-left-field scenes such as Creator/TimCurry raping someone.* ''VideoGame/TitanicAdventureOutOfTime'': (1996) A video game (yes, ''Titanic'' has even inspired a video game) about a British agent who had a failed mission aboard the ship. After he's killed in the [[UsefulNotes/WorldWarII London Blitz]], he's somehow sent back in time to the night of the sinking and given a chance to complete his mission, with the possibility of changing history. Notable for its graphics capturing every detail of the ship, to the point that several documentaries of the late 90s used the game to depict the sinking. * ''Film/{{Titanic|1997}}'': (1997), Creator/JamesCameron's multi-billion blockbuster that launched Creator/LeonardoDiCaprio and Creator/KateWinslet into super stardom. Unlike other films, which generally use an existing ocean liner for the set, Cameron worked to literally build the ship itself and get every possible detail right, from the layout of the boat deck to the patterns on the fine china. Currently rivals ''A Night to Remember'' as the most accurate depiction of the sinking, as it includes the ship visibly breaking in two.* ''WesternAnimation/TitanicTheLegendGoesOn'': ''One'' of the cartoonified versions, featuring a gender-flipped version of the 1997 film's romance, [[StockFootage recycled animation]], and '''a rapping dog'''. ''Seriously''.* ''WesternAnimation/TheLegendOfTheTitanic'': ''Another'' cartoonified version, featuring another ripoff romance, singing mice, a giant octopus who saves the ship, [[CriticalResearchFailure and everyone lives]]. And it has a sequel, ''In Search of the Titanic''. You can't make this stuff up.* ''Titanic'': A 2012 miniseries by Julian Fellows to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the sinking. It's essentially "''Series/DowntonAbbey'' at Sea." Aired in four parts, the series pretty much rehashes all the other fictional accounts of the ''Titanic'' disaster, filled with fictional characters, melodramatic intrigue, painful historical inaccuracies, and shallow caricature portrayals of actual historical persons onboard. It is also noted for a bizarre "Rashomon" style narrative.* ''Titanic: Blood and Steel'': A 2012 12-part TV series also made to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the sinking, which focuses on Titanic's construction at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland. Filled with {{Foreshadowing}} as to Titanic's eventual fate, the series follows metallurgist Dr. Mark Muir as he helps build the Titanic in the face of White Star's ([[CriticalResearchFailure unsubstantiated]] [[RealityIsUnrealistic accusations]] [[VindicatedByHistory of]]) cost-cutting measures, Belfast's class, political and religious divides, and his own past with the city.* ''SOS: The Titanic Inquiry'' is a 2012 BBC TV movie which is a bit of a variant as it is a dramatization of the British Board of Trade inquiry of the disaster in which the crew of the ''Californian'' were grilled about their actions that night.* ''Titanic: Honor and Glory'': An upcoming video game due for release in 2017. An Oxford graduate is accused of a crime he didn't commit and flees aboard the first ship out of Southampton, the ''Titanic''.[[/folder]][[folder: References in Other Works]]* The ''Titanic'' is what set off the plot of ''Series/DowntonAbbey'': Lord Robert's two closest heirs were on board and died in the sinking, leaving the next possible heir to his title and estates (and more importantly, his wife's money) a distant cousin who works as a solicitor.* The ''Series/DoctorWho'' Christmas special "[[Recap/DoctorWho2007CSVoyageOfTheDamned Voyage of the Damned]]" takes place on board a replica of the ship, which was built by an alien race to experience "primitive cultures." Naturally, it meets with disaster, though it's closer to ''Film/ThePoseidonAdventure'' than the actual disaster or any of the works based on it. * Chapters 35 and 36 of ''VideoGame/GardensOfTime'' revolve around the Titanic.* The heroine of the Creator/DanielleSteel novel ''No Greater Love'' takes charge of her younger siblings after surviving the disaster but losing her parents and fiance.* The VisualNovel ''VisualNovel/NineHoursNinePersonsNineDoors'' is set on the restored ''Britannic'' (though it's identified by its UrbanLegend name "Gigantic"). [[spoiler:Actually, while a backstory event takes place on the actual restored ''Britannic'', the events of the game take place in a replica built in a building in the desert of Nevada.]] References to the ''Titanic's'' sinking as well as the ''Britannic's'' own are prevalent, including correctly identifying the ''Carpathia'''s role.[[/folder]][[WMG: Tropes as Applied to the Real Life Event]]* TheAce: ''Titanic,'' as with all White Star ships, had eight senior officers: the Captain, a Chief Officer, and six officers, 1-6. By law, in order to get promoted to command positions in the British Merchant Marine, one had to get a series of licenses, with increasing scope and difficulty. All of ''Titanic's'' officers had to pass the exams to attain those licenses if they were to ever have a shot at promotion. However, all of the officers had failed their exams for at least one license at least once before finally passing. Except for one man: William [=McMaster=] Murdoch. * ArcNumber: Ships are given a specific number in the order of which they are built at a specific yard, and parts for certain ships are stamped with that number to differentiate them from the same or similar parts for other ships. The ''Olympic'' was 400, the ''Titanic'' was 401, and the ''Britannic'' was 433. The 401 stamp is still clearly visible on one of the propeller blades on the stern. This is vitally important evidence in discrediting the ConspiracyTheories that the ''Titanic'' was really the ''Olympic'', scuttled as part of an insurance scam after the latter's accident with the HMS ''Hawke'' the previous year.* BigDamnHeroes: The ''RMS Carpathia.'' The captain and crew pushed their ship's engines to the limit to reach the last known coordinates. Subverted in that they still couldn't get there fast enough to save everyone.* BiggerIsBetter: The ship is often claimed to have been the largest ship in the world. In truth, ''Titanic'' was a mere three inches longer than her sister ship ''Olympic''. However, a last minute decision to add sliding windows on the forward half of the A Deck promenade meant that ''Titanic'' was heavier by about a thousand tons, thus allowing her to claim the title of largest ship.* BlasphemousBoast: According to legend (i.e. take it with a grain of sea salt), a passenger asked a deckhand if ''Titanic'' really was 'unsinkable.' The deckhand proudly claimed that "God Himself cannot sink this ship." Let's hope that deckhand didn't have money riding on that claim.** According to [[http://www.titanic-whitestarships.com/TandOWSS%20FAQ.htm#Organisations most researchers]], the characterization of the ''Titanic'' as "unsinkable" didn't start until ''after'' it had sunk, when the media started playing it up because it made the sinking even more sensational. The phrase was actually "''practically'' unsinkable", as in "no disaster that we could think of could sink this ship". Titanic just had the bad luck to sideswipe an iceberg, which was a possibility that nobody had thought of yet. *** More specifically, Titanic was divided into multiple watertight compartments, and was designed to float with one (or even several) flooded, and most accidents wouldn't flood many compartments (the ''Olympic'', which had the same compartments as the ''Titanic'', once survived a head-on collision with a navy vessel). The iceberg ripped small holes into ''six'' of the ''Titanic'''s compartments, at which point it became a ForegoneConclusion that she was going down.* BystanderSyndrome: At the time of the sinking, the wireless operators were not part of the crew, but employees of the Marconi Wireless Company, and thus the main priority of Jack Phillips and Harold Bride was sending and receiving telegrams for the passengers, not concerning themselves with "weather reports." Also, this meant that 24/7 service was not a requirement, as not all ship companies could afford to have two or more operators on every single one of their ships. This changed real quick after the disaster, especially in light of the fact that the ''Californian'' was stopped due to ice not even 10 miles away, and never knew what was happening until the next morning because... their only wireless guy was asleep. ''Carpathia'', the ship that eventually came to the rescue (too late), also had only one wireless operator, and narrowly avoided missing out on Titanic's distress signals because the operator decided to inform the ''Titanic'' of a routine piece of information literally as he was getting ready to go to bed.** In addition, at the time, iceberg warnings were treated as advisories rather than major hazards. Close calls were not uncommon in the North Atlantic, not to mention head-on collisions were not fatal for many ships.* TheCaptain: Three civilian sea captains who would go down in history in three very different ways.** Edward Smith of the ''Titanic'', an old school sea captain with an exemplary performance record with a good relationship with his crew. However, he would be forever stained, fairly or unfairly, as a reckless bungler who drove his ship into danger, resulting in a horrific end for over 1500 people on board, including himself.** Stanley Lord of the ''Californian'', who was apparently a callous tyrant of a captain who intimidated his crew into fearful complacency. He's the one who made the very bad decision to ignore the distress rockets that turned out to be from the ''Titanic'', whether out of sheer laziness or, as some have suggested, thinking the ship he could see was a smaller 'mystery ship' (although it actually was the ''Titanic'', which, because of unusual atmospheric conditions, looked like a 400 foot ship five miles away instead of the 800 foot ship ten miles away that it really was). Thus he ended up as maritime history's poster boy for BystanderSyndrome, no matter how much he insisted for the rest of his life that he had done nothing wrong.** Arthur Rostron of the ''Carpathia'', who was by comparison the ideal British captain. He was firm, on amiable terms with his crew and passengers as well as being decisive, courageous and efficient in his command. Those were qualities dearly needed as the Captain who was the first to race to the ''Titanic'' on that horrible night of April 15, 1912. The quality of his captaincy can be summarised by the simple fact that when initially informed of the news by his wireless operator, Rostron reeled off a huge list of things he thought needed to happen (Plot a course to the Titanic, Get the engines up and running, divert every last scrap of steam away from services such as hot water supply to the engines for extra speed, rig up lighting, rope ladders, cargo nets, etc along the side of the ship for rescue operations, prepare the saloons as makeshift triage areas, have hot drinks and brandy ready for survivors, swing the boats out in preparation for rescue operations, wake up the off-duty lookouts to provide an additional watch on the ship's prow, etc), and only after reeling off these orders did he then ask his wireless operator to go back and confirm what he had heard. The praise he received for his actions that night is well deserved. * CassandraTruth: One of the problems commonly pointed out is that the bulkheads weren't sealed at the top. [[https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87 A visiting Russian engineer]] allegedly pointed the problem in 1909 but was ignored.** Of course, watertight decks have their own problems in an emergency situation, such as what is known as the "Free-Surface Effect," where the water sloshes around and pools on one side or the other. If the water gathers in the lower decks this isn't an issue, as the center of gravity is better at staying where it needs to be. But if the water is higher up, the center of gravity shifts, and the ship capsizes. [[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdCXDkF0LfA This actually happened to the Normandie when a fire broke out, and the firefighters weren't able to hose off the ship evenly.]] And as the ''Olympic''-Class wasn't being built for wartime use conversion like Cunard's ''Lusitania'' and ''Mauritania'', they didn't need to adhere to the Admiralty's standards for warships, which include watertight decks as well as longitudinal (lengthwise) bulkheads (in fact, those bulkheads did nothing but make Lusitania's sinking ''worse'' by collecting water on one side, rather than letting it evenly flood the interior). Then there's the fact that watertight decks require hatches so that passengers and crew would be able to move about the ship, hatches that could easily be forgotten about during an emergency, such as when the HMS ''Audacious'' struck a mine in 1914 (leading to the loss of that ship). So it's not like White Star and H&W were being arrogant about safety.** The radio operator of the infamous SS ''Californian'' tried to warn the ''Titanic'' crew about the ice that forced his ship to lay adrift for the night, only to be rudely interrupted by Philips (who was busy working the tenous connection with the shore station) shortly before the accident. He then ended his watch and turned in for the night. Unfortunately, ''Californian'' had only one radio operator...** Because of the reputation the ''Titanic'' had as a very safe ship, it took a while for it to sink in that the ship had actually gone down with horrible casualties. There's a story floating around that one passenger on the ''Carpathia'', inquiring about the crew's sudden activity, was told that the ''Titanic'' was sinking and they were going to help her. He went back to his cabin and told his family to be ready to evacuate, because he thought it was more likely that his own ship was on fire than that the ''Titanic'' was going down.* CherryTapping: The iceberg damage. For decades the accepted wisdom was that only a massive can-opener type gash 300 feet long could have done ''Titanic'' in, even after the wreck was discovered and the hull outside boiler rooms 5 and 6 showed a slit formed by buckled plates. It wouldn't be until 1996 that, with the use of sonar, it was confirmed beyond a shadow of a doubt, [[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Titanic_side_plan_annotated_English.png that six tiny slits as wide as your finger]], formed as the rivets snapped and buckled hull plates separated, were all that were needed to lay ''Titanic'' low.** This theory was actually presented at the inquiries by Harland & Wolff's best naval architects. They noted that reports of the flooding were different in each compartment, meaning each one likely suffered its own unique damage and that the actual damage could be very small. However, the press ignored that and went with the myth of the 300ft gash.* CreatorKiller: Bruce Ismay was one of the men who boarded a lifeboat and survived the sinking. The reputation he earned for not going down with the ship claimed his long career with White Star within a year, and he lived the rest of his life a recluse. ** As a matter of fact, the only really noteworthy crew member who both survived and did not get shamed for surviving was the ship's chief baker, Charles Joughlin; he is technically considered to be the final passenger of the ''Titanic'' to disembark the ship (by way of riding the stern down in the final plunge; the ship fully submerged into the water under his feet, thereby forcing him off the ''Titanic''). He spent a good chunk of time in the freezing water until he found Collapsible B and hung onto the overturned boat until he and the other 5 people on it were rescued. He was heavily drunk for the final stages of the sinking, yet the alcohol actually gave him the ability to survive the freezing cold (it should have done the opposite), and he spent the rest of the night on the sea before being rescued by a lifeboat and taken to the ''Carpathia'' in the morning. This rather odd story about how he both stayed aboard and survived the whole ordeal more or less gave him immunity from the shame, and he lived to 1956.** The sinking of the ''Titanic'' also was a critical hit to the viability of White Star Line as a whole. They were the subject of an inquiry on both sides of the Atlantic and were heavily shamed by the sinking (which was also a crippling financial hit to them thanks to all the investment they put in the ship's creation), cementing them into the second best spot behind ArchEnemy Cunard Lines (who owned the ''Carpathia''). This wasn't helped when one of the other two ''Olympic''-class ships they built and the third and last one, the ''Brittanic'', never entered service before World War I broke out, which got it converted into a medical ship. IT sunk during the war when it hit a sea mine. The stock market crash of 1929, which started the Great Depression, finished off White Star Line and allowed Cunard to absorb the company. What exists of White Star now is part of the Carnival Cruise Corporation, who are the current owners of Cunard (along with Costa Cruises, who would be involved in another historic maritime disaster with the ''Concordia'' in 2012.)** Stanley Lord, the captain of the ''Californian'', was fired with prejudice from his line that August after he did not respond to the ''Titanic's'' sinking. Neither he nor any of his crew were ever criminally charged for ignoring the rockets and wireless telegraphs, but the mess still turned him into a hated man. He joined a different company and worked there until 1927, but his career and reputation were forever stained.** Averted with the actual builders of the ship, Harland and Wolff, who continued to build ocean liners for decades until the jet airplane made it considerably easier to get around the globe. H&W are still in operation in the 21st century.* DistressCall: One of the first major disasters in which radio played a key role, and also one of the earliest to use the newly established SOS distress signal as well. Additionally the ship fired a number of distress rockets. Unfortunately, Captain Lord of the ''Californian'', the only ship that ''could'' see them, did not find them important enough respond to for whatever reason.** The only thing that was standardized about maritime communication in the Atlantic back then was Morse Code and radio frequencies. Lord apparently was of the opinion that the rockets/flares were company-specific signals that carried no connotations of distress. Yeah...that sounds reasonable.* DisguisedInDrag: Rumors and stories abound of male passengers and crew doing just this, choosing pragmatic survival over heroic sacrifice. Of course, it ''could'' have happened as advertised - A sinking ship is not exactly a situation where one pays ''that'' much attention. However, it appears to be a misrepresentation of a real incident: As mentioned elsewhere, Lightoller had a Zero Tolerance policy of men boarding the boats on his side (to the point of ordering 12 stokers out of a boat at gunpoint), and teenage boys ran the risk of being forced to stay behind if they were YoungerThanTheyLook. There was a family traveling whose son was 13, but was tall enough to be confused for being older. His mother was GenreSavvy enough to know that Lightoller would not believe her if she insisted that he was still a boy. Therefore, she put her shawl around him and told the lad to keep quiet and not look anyone in the face.* EndOfAnEra: The sinking is viewed as the moment the Edwardian Era died: the faith in man's engineering achievements making wonders. Also foreshadows the coming of UsefulNotes/WorldWarI during which the masses were killed over the seeming arrogance of the upper classes.* ExactTimeToFailure: Played straight and averted. Thomas Andrews gave the ship another ninety minutes when he saw the damage done, but the ship lasted a whole two hours forty minutes.* ExactWords: The aforementioned British Board of Trade Regulations concerning lifeboats and ship sizes. It was only after the disaster that they were changed to the much more inclusive "enough lifeboats for all aboard."* FaceDeathWithDignity:** There are many stories of fathers leaving their wives and children in the boats, and stepping back so that others may have a seat.** And there is the famed story of Benjamin Guggenheim and his valet, the former of whom famously told a steward: "We are dressed in our best, and are prepared to go down as gentlemen.[[note]] (but we would like a brandy! (this is from Creator/JamesCameron's film; it's unknown if he actually said it) [[/note]]"** And who could forget the brave Wallace Heartly and ''Titanic'' 's band? The men who played cheerful music throughout the sinking to help maintain calm, and at the end played a simple hymn[[note]]The playing of a hymn, often claimed to be Nearer My God To Thee, is heavily disputed and contradicted by Marconi operator Harold Bride. What's not in dispute is they went beyond the call of their duty[[/note]] as an instrumental prayer for those in the boats, and the ones left behind.* ForWantOfANail: One of the bridge officers had been fired shortly before the ''Titanic'' sailed and accidentally (or purposefully; who knows?) took the key for the locker containing the lookouts' binoculars with him. With binoculars, the iceberg would probably have been detected early enough for the ship to miss it completely. Unfortunately, the lookouts were forced to rely on their vision alone, on a moonless night no less.* GodNeverSaidThat: No official source from either Harland and Wolf or the White Star Line ''ever'' called ''Titanic'' or her sisters "unsinkable." When talking about the safety features of the ship, it was stated that all the usual expected causes for accidents at sea (or more accurately, near a port and thus NOT at full speed) had been considered and countered with structural features to take them into account:** Grounding: The double-bottom hull will keep the water out of the main hull.** Hitting something: The first four compartments can flood and the ship would not be in danger, when usually the worst damage would be the first two compartments flooding.** Being hit BY something: Worst case scenario was being hit right at a bulkhead, resulting in two compartments flooding. ''Titanic'' and her sisters could take such a hit and still have watertight bulkhead space above the waterline. Three in ridiculously favorable conditions. This actually happened to Olympic when she got rammed by HMS Hawke at the junction of 2 compartments. Both flooded, but the ship remained stable and was able to limp back to Harland and Wolf under her own power. This was seen as a validation of the watertight compartment system at the time. ** What happened was a shipbuilder's trade magazine listed these features and wrote "Practically Unsinkable." The press got word of that and gleefully 'forgot' about the "practically" part and just said "Unsinkable."* GoingDownWithTheShip: Captain Smith. There's some speculation to how he died according to different survivor testimonies but most believed they last saw him in the ship's wheelhouse and stayed there until the bridge flooded and drowned.** Thomas Andrews, the ship's designer, also stayed aboard as ''Titanic'' sank. Most stories say that he was last seen in the First Class smoking room, in the midst of a HeroicBSOD.** Averted by J. Bruce Ismay, who escaped the sinking and became the object of scorn and derision as a result. Whether Ismay was really a DirtyCoward who saved his own neck as other more deserving people drowned, or whether he was just in a fortunate position that he took full advantage of to reduce the body count by one is a call that's pretty much up to each individual, but the fact that he survived when his captain did not made him an easy target. William Randolph Hearst, a man Ismay had a long standing feud with, had a field day [[OldMediaAreEvil raking his reputation through the muck]], and Ben Hecht wrote an [[TakeThat utterly scathing poem]] on the topic of Ismay's survival, see the Quotes page for the full text. ** Most of the prominent members of the ship's other departments also died that day, including the Chief Steward, the Chief Engineer, the Purser, the Senior Wireless Operator, all but three of the Stoking Foremen, and even the owner of the onboard restaurant.* HauledBeforeASenateSubcommittee: The sinking resulted in two public inquiries, one American with a US senator chairing and a British Board of Trade one respectively. As it turned out, they proved rather complementary with the US one focusing on "what happened" while the UK one focused on "why."* HeroicBSOD: Captain Edward John Smith, beloved "Millionaire's Captain" of the White Star Line, forty years experience at sea. After the order was given to launch the lifeboats, he was reported to have been detached and in a haze, leaving his officers to carry out the evacuation.** While he had 40 years experience, he never encountered a serious emergency in his career, and, moreover, much of his career was reportedly spent on ''sailing'' ships, with only infrequent steamship voyages. He described his own experience of life at sea as "uneventful" in an interview, and the worst event he was ever involved in before ''Titanic'' was the collision between ''Olympic'' and ''HMS Hawke'' a few months earlier. Faced with the prospect of a very real disaster unfolding on his watch (and his own impending death), he simply shut down. Just because you've been at sea a long time doesn't really mean you're experienced. * HeroOfAnotherStory: ''RMS Olympic'': Known as "Old Reliable". She served White Star until the merger with Cunard in 1934, covering millions of miles over 257 voyages, served as a troop transport in WWI, was the only merchant ship to ever sink a U-Boat in 1917 (by ''[[RammingAlwaysWorks running it over]]'', no less), and at the outbreak of the war helped rescue the sailors of the mined ''HMS Audacious''. But she wasn't ''Titanic'' so who gives a damn?* HeroicSacrifice: The engineers stayed below decks, struggling to maintain power vital for the electric lights, the pumps working against the flood, and most importantly the Marconi Wireless, right up to the very end, and by then there was no hope to escape.** In a lesser way, the band. They kept playing as long as they could in order to keep the passengers calm and entertained as the worst was happening. [[TearJerker There was also nothing else they could do]].** All five of the ship's postal workers tried to save the enormous quantities of mail before they were overcome and drowned early in the sinking.** Thomas Andrews did what he could to help with the evacuation. Initially the last reported sighting of him was at 1:40 AM in the first class smoking room, waiting for the ship to go down, but new evidence suggested that he was on the boat deck after 2:00 AM, throwing deck chairs into the ocean for survivors to use as flotation devices, and continued assisting until the very end. ** Isidor and Ida Straus, who had easily secured lifeboat positions on account of their age, refused to leave for the same reason, not wanting to take an opportunity denied to younger people.* HopeSpot: When the stern broke off and became level with the waterline, those who could see it thought it would remain afloat long enough for help to arrive. There were several reported cries of "It's a miracle! The men are saved!"** William Murdoch as well. ''Titanic'' was to be his first ship to be Chief Officer of, after years floundering at the First Officer position. Then, at the last minute, Captain Smith requests Henry Tingle Wilde, his Chief Officer from Olympic and earlier commands, to be shuffled onto Titanic. The phrase "gut punch" comes to mind.* HufflepuffHouse: Second-class passengers, of which ''Titanic'' was carrying 272 are almost entirely ignored in most depictions of the disaster, seemingly lacking the glamour of the first-class and romanticism of the third. In fact third-class males were ''twice'' as likely to survive as second-class males. A partial exception are the members of ''Titanic'''s orchestra who were technically listed as second-class passengers rather than members of the crew.* InfantImmortality: Averted, as shown by the tragic story of little Sidney Leslie Goodwin, [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Leslie_Goodwin Aged 19 months.]]* JerkWithAHeartOfGold: Benjamin Guggenheim. His trip aboard the ''Titanic'' consisted largely of cheating on his wife with his mistress, but when the ship started to go down he made sure to save the female members of his party (including said mistress) and then decided to FaceDeathWithDignity, not wanting to take a place that would otherwise go to a woman or child.* LateToTheTragedy: Sadly, no amount of HeroicResolve on Captain Rostron's part could get the ''Carpathia'' on the scene in time. * LegendFadesToMyth: On account of the very confused nature of the tragedy itself and the media storm that occurred afterwards, there's a lot of myths and disputed facts surrounding the sinking, and nobody agrees on exactly what happened. Titanic had it all- conflicting witnesses, later embellishments, people not seeing the whole picture, and just plain mistakes. * MayDecemberRomance: John and Madeleine Astor, forty-eight and nineteen respectively. The reason they were in Europe in the first place was to attempt to wait out the media frenzy that resulted from their age difference, but they decided to go back when Madeleine got pregnant.* MeaningfulName: The first two ships of the ''Olympic'' Class were named after generations of gods from Myth/ClassicalMythology** ''Olympic'' was named after the Olympians (Zeus, Hera, Hades, that group).** ''Titanic'' after the preceding generation, the Titans (Cronos, Rheia, Iapetos, them), the children of Gaia and Ouranos, thus leading to a spooky coincidence in that the Titans were imprisoned in the deepest, darkest depths of Tartarus for all eternity and ''Titanic''... Sank into the deepest, darkest depths of the Atlantic Ocean for all eternity...** ''Britannic'' was two fold -- Firstly after Britannia, the AnthropomorphicPersonification of Britain,and after... ''Britannic'', one of White Star's first and most beloved liners. DeadGuyJunior as applied to ships one could say.*** There is an urban legend that ''Britannic'' was originally to be named ''Gigantic'' after the Giants, the another group of children of Gaia, and that the name was quickly changed after the loss of ''Titanic'' for fears it was too soon to have such an arrogant-sounding name. There ''are'' a few records in H&W listing Hull 433 as "Gigantic," however, the name was a common name popular amongst the workers of the yard for a name for a White Star liner. * MiddleChildSyndrome: Inverted: ''Titanic'' is the most [in]famous ship in all of history, while the First Child ''Olympic'' is reduced to a glorified footnote (in spite of her 23-year service record and war hero status in sinking a U-Boat and saving the crew of the ''HMS Audacious''), and the Baby ''Britannic'', while talked about, is not mentioned nearly as much as ''Titanic'', despite having struck a mine in 1916 while serving as a hospital ship in WWI, having never carried a single paying customer.* AMillionIsAStatistic: The death toll was just over one thousand, five hundred men, women, and children. Even though there are whole towns on both sides of the Atlantic that are smaller than that, it's hard to picture that many dead bodies bobbing in the sea, until you read up on some of the victims, especially the more unknown individuals.* NeverMyFault: Captain Stanley Lord of the ''Californian'' for the rest of his life kept swearing furiously up and down that he did nothing wrong that night, even though his crew were thoroughly cornered into admitting in cross-examination during the inquiries that they ignored obvious distress signal rockets from a ship which all evidence points to have been the ''Titanic''.** One theory proposes that, due to unusual atmospheric conditions, Lord mistook the ''Titanic'' for the "Mystery Ship" the ''Titanic'' saw. The theory's sequence of events goes like this: Captain Lord sees the Mystery Ship, which he doesn't think is the ''Titanic'' (the clarity of its lights made it look like a 400-foot ship 5 miles away instead of an 800-foot ship 10 miles away). He asks the wireless operator about ships in their wireless range, but is informed that the only ship within range is the ''Titanic'' (because that ship actually was the ''Titanic''). Lord, having already made the wrong assumption that the ship he could see wasn't the ''Titanic'', made a second wrong assumption: The ship didn't have wireless. He attempted to communicate with morse lamps, but fails due to the ten-mile distance between the ships. Later, when the distress rockets are fired, the same atmospheric conditions that made the ''Titanic'' look like the mystery ship made the rockets look like they were farther on the horizon than they really were. Captain Lord does see the rockets, but he thinks that if they were distress rockets and were fired from the ship that he could see, they were being fired from a stranger that didn't have wireless and ignored his attempts at morse code. Given those circumstances, he decided that whatever it was could wait until morning. Unfortunately for everyone involved, the ship was indeed the ''Titanic'' and its matter couldn't wait until morning- the ship sunk in a couple of hours.* RammingAlwaysWorks: Many have suggested that had Officer Murdoch just kept going straight, the ship would have survived. While [[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B0CE1DC1738E033A25752C1A9619C946697D6CF certain ships had survived head-on collisions with icebergs in the past]] the Titanic's unprecedented size made it a different beast, and as such ramming the berg could have produced even more disastrous results for the vessel. The reasons for why this DefiedTrope is also an AvertedTrope are thus:** One: the ships that have been cited as having survived a head-on collision with an iceberg were all either much smaller in mass than ''Titanic'', moving much slower than ''Titanic'', or some combination of the two. As a thought experiment, imagine a minivan hitting a reinforced cement bridge support at thirty miles an hour. Violent, but a reasonable chance for survival with something resembling a car afterward. Now, imagine a fully loaded 18-wheeler hitting the same support at ''sixty'' miles an hour. [[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSPjC1Ek7vA Not a pretty sight, is it?]] Furthermore, they don't take into account that modern ships are welded together, whereas ''Titanic'' was held together by rivets. Had ''Titanic'' hit the iceberg as suggested, the whole ship would have folded like an accordion, opening the seams of the plates from stem to stern, resulting in the ship sinking in minutes, rather than hours.** Two: The front end of the bow was not a battering ram loaded with nothing more than cargo that would regrettably be destroyed but covered by insurance. The bunks for the firemen for the boilers were in there, loaded up with the hundreds of men off-shift and asleep, in addition to the single male and married couples of third-class being berthed in the front end. Even if by some miracle ''Titanic'' survived, William Murdoch would have been tried for mass manslaughter and seen as the most incompetent sailor ever put in charge of a ship for all time.** Besides the fact that any competent sailor would act to prevent his vessel colliding with an obstacle, advocates of the head-on collision theory overlook that due to Murdoch's manoeuvre the Titanic came very close to evading the iceberg altogether. * {{Retirony}}: Captain Smith planned on retiring after the Titanic returned to England.** This is actually a myth. Most depictions of the sinking include the claim that Smith planned to retire after the ship returned to England. However, some comments were made that Smith was going to retain command of ''Titanic'' and then retire after ''Britannic'' launched in 1915. * SurvivorGuilt: A number of survivors would later regret not even trying to go back and save some of the victims in the water. Doing so would have been suicide mind you, what with 1,000+ people trying to get into boats with only a couple hundred total seats vacant, but that's psychology for you.* TemptingFate: On the maiden voyage of the ''RMS Adriatic'', one of the Big Four (White Star's major Ocean Liner project before the Olympic-Class) in 1907, Captain Smith gave this quote to the press concerning ship safety:--> "I cannot imagine any condition which would cause a ship to founder. I cannot conceive of any vital disaster happening to this vessel. Modern shipbuilding has gone beyond that..."** Describing a large floating piece of metal as 'unsinkable' practically defines this trope. Although the makers themselves [[BeamMeUpScotty never actually made the claim directly]] (the phrase they used was 'virtually unsinkable', which is still this to a degree), newspapers of the day were fond of trumpeting the line that 'God himself could not sink this ship'. Perhaps God thought they needed a lesson in humility.** Thomas Andrews, the head designer, remarked to a friend that ''Titanic'' was "as nearly perfect as human brains can make her." He said this on April 14th, only a few hours before the sinking.* ThirteenIsUnlucky: Lifeboat thirteen was pushed backwards by Titanic's condenser discharge before they could unhook the falls. Meanwhile, lifeboat 15 started down the falls... Thirteen was nearly crushed before they managed to escape from under fifteen. * TimTaylorTechnology: Courtesy of how steam engines run. When Captain Rostron of the ''Carpathia'' learned that the ''Titanic'' was in trouble, he immediately ordered all available power diverted to the propellers. Chief Engineer Johnston accomplished this by shutting off steam, hot water, and electricity to non-essential portions of the ship. Every available fireman began shoveling coal into the boiler furnaces as if their own lives depended on it, and all the steam pressure safety valves [[ExplosiveOverclocking were closed off]]. ''Carpathia's'' fastest rated speed was 14 knots, [[WhatAPieceOfJunk and her engines were already 10 years old and due for an overhaul...]] but she was coaxed up to [[CrowningMomentOfAwesome 17.5 knots that fateful night]], shaving nearly an hour off her mad dash to the sinking ''Titanic''. The engines of the ''Carpathia'' [[HeroicRROD would never achieve that speed again]] over the course of her life.* TogetherInDeath: Isidor Straus, one of the early owners of Macy's Department Store, and his wife Ida. She was offered a seat in a boat, but refused to leave her husband. When Isidor was offered a place, as "no one would object to an older gentleman having a place," he declined, [[HonorBeforeReason not desiring an opportunity not given to every other man]]. Subverted in that [[TearJerker only Isidor's body was recovered and identified.]]* UnderwaterRuins: ''Titanic'' herself, but especially the bow section. [=ROVs=] have been sent into the deepest parts of the ship and have found chandeliers still hanging from the ceiling, used drinking glasses still on their shelves, windows in the reception room completely whole, and tile from the Turkish bath (think sauna) still in place and retaining their vibrant colors.* UnspokenPlanGuarantee: For the Passenger Trade for emergencies: With the advent of wireless, and the fact that most incidents happen close to shore, it was common wisdom that other ships would be near enough to provide assistance, and that the lifeboats would be used to ferry passengers and crew from one ship to the other before the final plunge. And if it was out at sea, the North Atlantic was, and is, among the busiest shipping routes in the world, so it was inconceivable for there to be no one nearby. Shipbuilders just needed to make sure the ship could float long enough for help to arrive. In fact, just three years previous this system worked out flawlessly with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Republic ''RMS Republic'']], which managed to linger for almost forty hours. What they didn't count on was what happened that night with the damage that occurred (see GodNeverSaidThat), and the fact that the nearest ship's radio was turned off for the night at the time of the disaster.* WellDoneSonGuy: [[http://www.williammurdoch.net/articles_12_Murdoch_family_tree.html William Murdoch.]] In his immediate family, his own father, two uncles, his grandfather and four great-uncles were captains, and here Will was, nearly forty, and he had hit a glass ceiling at First Officer. This is all speculation, but he may have felt pressured, in reality or not, to gain his own command.** Murdoch was originally picked to serve as Chief Officer, which is the actual executive officer. However, Captain Smith decided at the last minute to bring on Henry Wilde, his Chief Officer aboard ''Olympic'', for the position, which caused Murdoch and Lightoller to be demoted in position.* YouAreTooLate: Though among the heroes of the night, the ''Carpathia'' arrived too late to save 1500 of those aboard ''Titanic''.* YouCantFightFate: In theory, the sinking of the ''Titanic'' specifically may have been avoidable. In practice, considering the nature of the Atlantic passenger business in 1912, a disaster of the same scale, if not worse, was basically doomed to happen -- regulations were too fast and loose. It was simply a question of Which ship, When, Where, and How many people were going to die. Had things gone different, audiences might have seen the struggles of Jack and Rose to survive the sinking of the ''RMS Queen Mary'', or ''RMS Britannic''.----


text:
Welcome to our Rotary Club
From our President,
Chris Dardeau
Welcome to the home of The Rotary Club of Abbeville, Louisiana. We are a member of Rotary International's District 6200 and our members meet at noon each Wednesday at the American Legion Home on Hwy 14 East, Abbeville LA. We invite all Rotarians to join us for one hour of great fellowship and an informative weekly program.
Our visiting members are encouraged to tour the new website. All of our electronic bulletins are available under the Bulletin tab. Our upcoming programs and events are listed on the Calendar tab. Feel free to offer your suggestions to Rotarian Don Chauvin as we want to provide you with information you will find useful.

subset: commoncrawl


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There's no such thing as summertime sadness when sweets are involved.
26 Slow-Cooker Recipes That Are Perfect for Spring
Find an excuse to throw a party.
Looking for more easy summer sweets? Try our 50 next-level s'mores.More
Rainbow sprinkles are summer's best friend.
Get the recipe.
Your favorite Italian dessert is now a cheesecake.
Get the recipe.
18 Completely Not Basic Fruit Salad Recipes


text:
Faculty of Pharmacy
The Faculty of Pharmacy is consistently ranked among the world's best for teaching and education.
With more than 100 years of experience in delivering world-class professional pharmacy education, we enjoy an outstanding national and international reputation. Our innovative, research-led pharmacy programs give students a competitive edge throughout their career.
Whether you decide to register as a pharmacist and work in a community or hospital pharmacy, enter the pharmaceutical industry, work for government agencies, or contribute to research and academia, one thing is for sure, you will be in demand.
5 questions with our alumna, Dina Kayali
Bachelor of Pharmacy alumna talks about her role as Business Development Manager at Pfizer, what she thinks of our new Bachelor of Pharmacy and Management and more.
Pharmacy researchers win medical research award
The Faculty is recognised as one of the leading centres for Pharmacy education in Australia and enjoys an outstanding national and international reputation for research and innovation.
SAGE gender equality in STEMM
We're participating in the Science in Australia Gender Equity (SAGE) pilot program and are seeking students to join the SAGE Self Assessment Team driving the project on campus.
© 2002-16 The University of Sydney. Last updated: 25 July 2016
ABN: 15 211 513 464. CRICOS number: 00026A. Phone: +61 2 9351 2222.
Authorised by: Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy.
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text:
I want to prevent my asp.net page from browser caching. I apply tricks available on internet,So browser stop caching my page and every time request to server for page.
But problem is when i access my site through mobile like blackberry it cache my page and on back button press page access from its cache without ping to server. I searched a lot but found nothing special.
One solution i found which said that mobile browser only stop caching when https request is made
Is that true or not?
Please help.


text:
Purple sleeveless top made of a knitted polyester blend fabric, has a round neck, diagonal flaring pin-tucks from the left shoulder and an assymetrical flared hemline
Wash care
Rinse separately
Gentle handwash in mild detergent
Do not bleach or scrub on embroidery & print
Line dry inside out
Low iron
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text:
|Reviews for Perdition
| LucksFullmoon chapter 1 . 7/29/2009
I didn't think it was that repetitive. Also, Who knows, when he was younger Auron may have keeped every thing up and his way of releasing it was to scream at the top of his lungs(The Thunder Plains have to be good for something).
| xScottx chapter 1 . 8/20/2008
Woo it was a little sad at first but a happy ending.
| The Random of Randomness chapter 1 . 4/15/2008
I liked this one to... not as much as the other story though... Angel's Son was it?
I sort of got the story I guess... I was confusing.. but that Auron for ya!
(On and btw: I did recognize that the Characters were OoC! But I actually don't care if they are or not! It sort of gives the story it's own unique traits!)
and how long had past before Auron 'escaped' the farplane... or did Rikku umm pass?
| Fififelicity chapter 1 . 11/23/2007
Pretty. So so Pretty!
| Anzer'ke chapter 1 . 9/8/2007
nicely done
| Ari Eli chapter 1 . 7/10/2007
"Not used to writing Auron"? I'm afraid not, my dear. Auron was completely in character, even with the screaming. Hell, I think anyone would scream if they were in the same situation.
Wonderful story. ;)
-Ari Elisianete
| marsupialgroove chapter 1 . 6/9/2007
Ohh man, I should have reviewed this earlier. I love it. Love love love. Adoration, pure and simple. I guess under normal circumstances the whole Auron screaming thing might be considered OOC, but I'm not sure that it's OOC here. I guess maybe the screaming doesn't seem OOC is because he's not screaming about something, but rather he's screaming about the lack of something? Plus maybe it fills up the empty a tad, & it feels good? Ah, I don't even know what I'm trying to say. It was WONDERFUL. :)
Anyway, love the writing style. Beautiful ending. I thought you did Auron justice, anyway. Keep it up.
| Enkida chapter 1 . 10/9/2006
This is quite a lovely story! I decided to check it out your writing since you offered to beta, and wow. I'm impressed! I don't think you have to be worried about being OOC or whatnot, this feels like a believable grasp on a canon Auron had he actually had feelings for Rikku.
One thing I do find kind of depressing about this is not Auron's suffering, but the fact that Rikku actually waited for him. As in, she didn't find anybody else while she was still alive. I guess in my mind, I think that's kind of sad in a way because it hints that she was never able to move on. But it's also a highly romantic idea, so I guess the romantic purists can forgive that. ;-)
Anyway, good work! Thanks for writing it! :)
| ai-08 chapter 1 . 9/16/2006
I love how you portrayed Auron, he wasn't ooc at all. The scream- it fit the scene and his emotions, and you just felt it, you know? And the ending with Rikku... it was beautiful. This is a lovely piece.
| Princess Artemis chapter 1 . 8/16/2006
Really well done. And it's not OOC at all if you provide the reader the stepping stones to get there, which you did.
| Shido21 chapter 1 . 8/16/2006
I really enjoyed this. As usual I love your poetic style and how you play with words and sound.
I think you did a good job at delving into Auron's mind. It's difficult to put in words his feelings and thoughts and still hold onto his character and you did it well.
I love it where you start to have him think of different things on Rikku. The way that you develop him feelings for her and their relationship using this mechanism makes it all the more fun and interesting to read. The way you went with this reminds me heavily of Kingdom Hearts. It's like Rikku is his light in the way that Tifa is Cloud's light.
Now as to whether Auron is OOC when he's shouting. I don't think so. He is human and every human has emotions that at times can't be contained. Just remember the scene where he attacks his past self in Zanarkand.
I really liked this. You actually had a happy ending for this one. :D
| kuro's girl chapter 1 . 8/15/2006
I loved this! It was so well written. *adds to favs*
| rr1963 chapter 1 . 8/10/2006
Hey. I liked this story. It was well done and effective and not as depressing as Angel's Son. (It's easier to be effectively depressing.) I didn't think Auron was too out of character. We only ever saw him on the pilgrimage before. He's going to be different after it's over and he goes to the Farplane. I think you gave a pretty good description of his thoughts and reactions and what he went through to get him to that point in your story. All his conflict was internal until it sort of gradually burst out at one point. (I know, terms kind of at odds there, but that's the way it seemed.) I can see Auron reacting like that. OOC is okay as long as it's believable how he got that way. Waiting til about halfway to bring in Rikku was a nice judgment. Also, what you did with the Farplane was nice. You depicted it pretty well, not just a world like ours where all the dead people live. Then a momentary pang of jealousy when she appears, instantly quelled. Okay, might have been more interesting or even more believable another way, but I admit I liked it better this way. So, good story.
| Shizukii chapter 1 . 8/9/2006
That was beautiful. I swear, by the end of this one-shot I was ready to give up my semi-Gippal/Rikku shipping and convert. It was so nicely written together and your use of language was so eloquent. I'm definitely looking forward to more from you :).
| Farther chapter 1 . 8/8/2006
I think I can see Auron screaming in that situation. He would probably loosen up a bit after being dead, right?
Anyway, I really enjoyed this one - I always like it when the farplane is depicted as ethereal and... floaty. Yeah. And I think you did a great job with that, good imagery. I also really liked Auron's musings. Sometimes your writing seemed a little rushed, though.
And I have a question - although I loved loved LOVED the part where Auron says, "she didn't like the color orange" (I don't know why I liked it so much, but I did :) ), isn't Rikku's shirt orange? Why would she wear an orange shirt if she didn't like the color? Eh, that's my only nitpick, though.
Overall, great work! You're an excellent writer :)


text:
Upcoming Performances
All calendar events are free and open to the public, unless otherwise noted.
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Reception to follow, Ward Hall Courtyard.
IF YOU ARE A CUA STUDENT, ALUMNI, or FACULTY /STAFF: contact Lee (firstname.lastname@example.com) with ticket inquiries.
Mar. 14
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8:00 pm, Holy Trinity Georgetown, 36th Street between N and O Streets, NW Washington, DC 20007
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May 2016
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Magnitude and Melody: Britten's Rejoice in the Lamb and Bernstein's Chichester Psalms
7:00 pm, Church of the Epiphany, 1317 G St NW, Washington, DC 20005


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Apr 26, 1910
|Filing date
|Mar 18, 1909
|Priority date
|Mar 18, 1909
|Publication number
|Wilbur H Thompson
|Original Assignee
|Wilbur H Thompson
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (3), Classifications (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
TELEPHONE. APPLIOATION rum) 111111.16, 1909..
Patented A i.26,1910.
F ILBUR H, IHQMPS O F WHEELING'. W G RGIN A- rnLnrnoNn v Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr, 26, 1910,
Application'filed March 18, 1909. Serial No. 484,933.
To all whom it may concem:
Be it known that I, WILBUR H. THOMP- SON, a citizen of the United States, residin at Wheeling, in the county I of ()hio an State of West Vir inia, have invented cer-' tain new and usefu Im rovements in Telephones, of which the 0 lowing is a specification.-
My invention relates to telephones of. the class in which the receiver and'transmitter are mounted upon opposite ends of a handle, and in such amanner' that they ma be applied simultaneously to the ear an mouth with the use'of but one hand.
The object of my invention is to rovide 1 a device of the character indicated t at will be more convenient to use, and more simple,
compact and inex ensive in constructionv than others hereto ore provided.
The specific feature which renders the telephone especially convenient. in use is a.
handle that is capable of being bent'into,
and of thereafter remaining in, any one of a variety of forms, and that, therefore, permits the adjustment of the receiver and transmitter to any useful positions relative to each other.
The device is rendered simple, compact and inexpensive inconstruction by certain other structural features that will be hereinafter more fully pointed out.
The invention is illustrated in the accomanying dra'wing, Figure 1 of which is a ront face view of a telephone constructed in accordance therewith, some of the parts bein broken awa for the sake of clearness of ustration. ig. 2 isa back face view of the device, Fig. 3 is a side view' thereof with the receiver and transmitter adjusted to one of the most commonly useful relative positions, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a modification of the handle of the telephone.
Mounted upon opposite ends of a handle 1 are a receiver 2 and a transmitter 3, the operatin parts of which are of any usual or desire construction, and are inclosed within shells or casings, each com rising two parts 4 and 5 that are telescopeci and suitably securedtogether, the back shell parts 4 being provided with flat circular bases 6. The handle 1, comprises a'main intermediate portion that is capable of being bent into, and of thereafter remammg 1n, any one of a variet of forms, and to this end it may convemently consist of liable tubing, like that illustrated, and suc as is often used for suitable material.- To the ends of the pliable portion of the handle are secured two tubular members 7 and 8 that are partially or almost wholly flattened, the flattened portio'ns formin seats for, and being respectively secured by means of rivets and screws 9, or otherwise, to the flat base portion of the receiver and transmitter. The end member 7 is extended somewhat beyond the receiver 2. and is slotted to ermit of han ing the telephone upon a 00k or a hoo switch. The telephone is connected to the line by means of conductors 10, and the receiver and transmitter are connected together by conductors 11, that project through holes in the parts 4 and in the unflattened portions of the end member 7 and 8 of the handle, and that extend through the handle which sheathe's and protects them. In some instances it may be desirable to utilize the handle as one of the conductors connectin the receiver and transmitter,
'and in t at event therewill be but one other conductor inclosed by the handle, as shown in Fig. 4. M
The telephone may be used in connection with an ordinary hookswitch, but I prefer toe render it independent of a hook switch, and accordingly mount members 12 and 13 within the receiver casing, and rovide a button 14 that projects through t e casing and is adapted, when pressed inwardly, to efi'ect engagement of the switch members piping gas, or it may consist of any other and completion of the ringing and talking circuit.
In'the use of the telephone the operator may adjust the receiver and transmitter to any desired or convenient positions relative to each other by simply bending the handle, which thereafter maintains the said parts in the relation to which they have been adjusted. In order to call the central office and to talk to a distant party, it is only necessary to press the button 14 with the thumb or finger of the hand used-for holding the telephone in roximit to the ear and the mouth. H
he plia ility of the handle, which permits each operator ,to adjust the positions of the receiver and transmitter to his own convenience, is regarded as a novel and specially useful feature, while the. provision of casings for the receiver and transmitter having flat or plane base'portions that are seated a ainst, and secured to, the. flattened portlons of the tubular end members of the 1. In a hand telephone, the combination with a receiver and a transmitter, of a bane dle therefor composed of tubing and com:
prising a pliable central member and solid" 10 end members secured thereto that are partially compressed to provide flattened pore tions to which the receiver and transmitter are respectively secured.
2. In a hand telephone, the combination 15 with a' receiver and a transmitter, of a handle therefor composed of tubing and comprising a pliable central member and solid end members secured thereto-that are partially compressed to provide flattened ortions to w ich the receiver and'transmltter 2b are respectively secured, and an insulated conductor extending through the handle and electrically connecting the receiver and transmitter. I In testimony whereof, I have hereunto 5 subscribed my name thiseleventh day of March, 1909.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 21, 1947
|May 23, 1950
|Roanwell Corp
|Folding telephone handset
|Aug 22, 1979
|Jun 9, 1981
|International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation
|Compact telephone set employing slidable actuated supervision switches
|Feb 18, 1986
|Feb 23, 1988
|Wolfgang A. Kutrieb
|Hardwire airplane telephone apparatus
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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