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Gorgeous Missouri FoxTrotter stallion standing at stud for 2016. Registered MFTHBA and SSHBEA. FRD Pure Luck's Sure Luck aka "Tucker" is 15.2HH and is…Stud Fee: $1,000
CLICK or copy the below link to see all his pictures and video and Foals! https://www.pinterest.com/kathiewilliams9/midnite-pleasure-l/NITE is a Halter…Stud Fee: $1,000
Smart Mark is a beautiful Jet Black Stallion that will take your breath away ! He's quick as a cat and cute as a Bugs Ear . This is the most athletic horse…Stud Fee: $1,200
Hertog Jan v.d. Paddensteeg "Jan" (Ya-wn) by Brandus 345 x Natajsha E. is our dream come true, he is a 2002 imported dutch bred friesian, who was rated…Stud Fee: $850
1800 pure bred 1000 cross https://m.facebook.com/Costas-Lusitanos-EC-240236229363937/ { Fidalgox Bica II } www.costaslusitanos.com FACEBOOK: Costa…Stud Fee: $1,800
**** UPDATE ONLY 2 SLOTS LEFT****Second to none personality and temperament! Handled by everyone, young and old! Sire is a (full freisian)son of Hessel…Stud Fee: $500
https://m.facebook.com/hoomewelshponies/ Ledinjadon Hoo Me,True Black,Section B Reg.Welsh Pony Stallion ( Ledinjadon Tuxedo X Lands End Hermia) Royally…Stud Fee: $650
This guy is a real gentleman. Professionally trained. Proven. Foals on premises. Live foal guarantee.Stud Fee: $350


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Consumers are constantly finding new ways to bring in new shoppers to wear their brands. Instead of buying, customers are given the opportunity to rent clothing. It could be described as Netflix for clothes: a subscription service which allows fashion-conscious shoppers to simply stroll into their favorite high street store and rent that must-have jacket, accessory or party dress straight off the rail, all for a flat monthly fee.
Kristen Stewart Looks Sophisticated In Chanel's "Paris In Rome" Ad Campaign
Done up in laced tights and a high-slit skirt, actress Kristen Stewart discovered her inner Italian bombshell in Chanel's "Paris In Rome" ad campaign. Shot by Karl Lagerfeld, he captured very different look the public is use to seeing the former "Twilight" star, Stewart has now become one of Karl Lagerfeld's favorite muse.
#TBT Disneyland….#HappyBirthday
When I first arrived in California a few months ago, I went to Disneyland for the first time for my birthday! (November 21st)
Backstage At The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show
After a year spent abroad in London, the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show returned to the U.S. this year—to its "birthplace," New York City. The models are the most famous on earth: Kendall! Gigi! Joan! Candice! The performers, the hottest on the planet: The Weeknd! Selena! The show, which taped Tuesday night, will not air on television until December, but take a look now at all the behind-the-scenes action, as the models and Angels prepared for one of fashion's biggest nights.
Boutique Shopping: The Luxe Collection
The Tahitia Allante clothing boutique's Luxe Collection is now available in the online shop! Created for the luxury girl who loves to look stylish during a night out on the town, these amazing but simple pieces look great on anyone no matter what your style is!
For her capacity to work Dior haute couture and mass-market sneakers with equal ease and flair, Rihanna is proving herself to be one of the most versatile celebrity ambassadors out there — and one with a particular prowess for moving product. Reporting its third-quarter sales figures on Friday morning, Puma repeatedly called out the early success of Rihanna's work as its campaign star and women's creative director.
Bobbi Brown Doesn't Believe In The "Contour" Trend
"I'm not coming out with any products that are called contouring," Bobbi Brown said on stage at our New York City conference, "How to Make It in Fashion," on Friday. "It's not what I believe in." Brown, who launched her career in the '80s as a freelance makeup artist and then as the founder of her eponymous cosmetics line, finds beauty in authenticity. So the currently coveted contouring technique isn't exactly on-brand for Brown. "It says that there's something wrong with your face as is and there is nothing wrong with it," she said. "Contouring is good when you're onstage, at a fashion shoot or on the runway. It's almost like a car wreck when you're watching people do contouring on YouTube. Yes, they have changed their face but they don't really look so good. I think it's ridiculous and people look like they have dirt on their face." Sticking to her brand's core mission — "being comfortable in your skin and feeling good about who you are" — is key to its success, she said.
Balmain X H&M November 2015 Runway Show
How do you build buzz for an H&M designer collaboration? By this point — 14 years and 19 designers in, beginning with Karl Lagerfeld in 2004 — H&M knows. First, there's the big announcement, which Alexander Wang did at a surprise party at Coachella in 2014 and which Balmain's Olivier Rousteing did on the Billboard Music Awards red carpet this May, models Kendall Jenner and Jourdan Dunn at his side in looks from the collection. In the months that follow, there are dozens of interviews, editorials and promotions in magazines and on social media; the release of the first campaign image, then the full campaign; the reveal of the full lookbook, followed by a full catalog of items with prices; a press conference involving an interview with the designer; an elaborately produced and celebrity-studded runway show; and then, on launch day (Nov. 5), the parade of stories about clothes flying off the racks, interviews with bewildered sales associates, links to items selling for outrageous markups on Ebay, etc., etc. That there is a two-week delay between the show and the collection launch seems one of the cleverest moves of all (and one frequently employed by Apple): by the time the collection hit stores, whatever restraint would-be shoppers wanted to impose on themselves has likely evaporated.
Two Reasons To Try Luxe Oil This Winter
Blogger/entrepreneur Krissy from the blog allthingsaddictedtobeauty.com decided to create a body care line called Luxe Oil because of her frustration with the popular commercial products that did not deliver when it came to catering to proper skin care for someone suffering from common skin issues like eczema and dry skin.
Buenos Aires in the Fifties — what Mark Badgley lovingly referred to as "the Paris of South America" — was the starting point for his and James Mischka's glamorous fallbridal collection, which contained princess styles and slinky siren gowns in sleeveless and strapless silhouettes. "Even when the dresses have volume, they're light as a feather," Badgley said of the lineup, done in tulle, silk chiffon, georgette and mikado. "We always do the pinky test." Bejeweled and opulent, most of the gowns were worked with metallic lace, sequins, beading and sheer illusion detailing — and some had a retro vibe with embroideries inspired by vintage diamonds.

subset: commoncrawl


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MLB 1w ago
Umpire unleashes an emphatic punch-out call ... for the second strike
Counting to three can be tough.
Counting to three can be tough.
Miguel Cabrera had a point.
There was a frightening scene during Thursday night's A's-Angels matchup: Los Angeles hitter Jefry Marte took a swing (…)
Brian Rackley collapsed on the field but left the game under his own power after a terrifying moment.
If I was an umpire, I might feel a little threatened if I saw a 6-foot-3, 230-pound designated hitter named David Ortiz coming at me (…)
Dancing is good for the soul.
A study of strike-zone data shows consistent improvement over time.


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Play more Puzzle Slicing Games!
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Download Game SWF
|If you need help solving a level, watch the Penguin Slice Ice Solution Video!
Go to Penguin Slice Ice Walkthrough Video - Click Here!
Eliminate the Penguins & protect the eskimo babies!
* Use your Mouse to play. Left click, hold and drag to create a slice line. Let go to perform the slice.
* Characters will pop if something falls on them, if they fall over or are hit from sides.
* Collect STARS for less slices! The top stars indict the number of slices left for 3, 2 and 1 Stars!
* Collect presents for bonus points!
Remember, the babies must survive...Good luck!
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I am using one controller board with Linux running on it. I want to interface my device to the Host computer (Windows OS) through USB.
I have decided to use RNDIS class for communication between host and device. I have driver ready at device side (linux). When i connect my device to the Windows host it detects the hardware as RNDIS/CDC unknown device. Now for the driver development at windows i used "Jungo windriver 10.10". It generated the INF file and my device was successfully detected on system.
Now how can i start communication between host and device? I would like to mention that I am newbie in programming and no experience in Windows side programming.
It is for sure that i will have to develop application driver on both side (Device-Linux and host-windows)
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- Prerequisite Courses/GPA minimum
- VMCAS application - deadline September 15 at 11:59 pm (Eastern Time)
- Academic Transcripts - sent to AAVMC by September 1st
- Supplemental application - a week after you receive the supplemental email link
- Test Scores (GRE or MCAT) - Test must be taken no later than September 1. Scores must be received by September 15.
- Letter of Recommendations - Three references are required and at least one must be a veterinarian. Letters from relatives are not acceptable.
- Essay - Your essay should discuss the development of your interest in veterinary medicine. Discuss those unique activities that have contributed to your preparation for a professional program. Discuss you understanding of the veterinary medical profession, what you have to offer the profession and your career goals and objectives.
- Personal Interview (based on pre-screening)
We receive a large volume of applications so we appreciate your patience as we process application materials. If you are currently applying, we ask that you wait to hear from us in regards to admissions materials. If you are missing any admissions materials, we will contact you and give you the appropriate amount of time to turn in outstanding application materials to us.
Thank you for your understanding during this very busy time. Best of luck to you!
Dates and Deadlines
- May 11 : VMCAS application goes live at 1:00pm (eastern time).
- *August 15: It is strongly recommended that you complete your file so that your application will be verified before the September 15 deadline.
- September 15: Deadline for taking the GRE or MCAT.
- September 15 at 11:59pm (eastern time): VMCAS application deadline. Please note: This deadline is firm!
- September 15: Official test scores (GRE or MCAT)
- October 1: Supplemental application due date will vary. October 1 is a general guideline. There are no essay questions on the supplemental application. You will receive the supplemental application email link once your VMCAS application and transcripts are verified by VMCAS. It typically takes Ohio State 7-10 days (sometimes shorter) to receive your application from VMCAS. When it is received, a supplication application email link will be sent to you. You will have one week to complete and submit.
- April 15: Deadline for acceptance/decline decision
*We strongly encourage you to submit your VMCAS application and payment, have all (US and English Speaking Canadian) transcripts posted, and all three of your required evaluations submitted by August 15 because verification can take as many as four weeks. By submitting by August 15 your application has the best chance of being verified before the September 15th deadline!
Prerequisite Courses
All students must complete the prerequisite courses to be eligible for admission. No more than one required prerequisite course may remain to be completed after autumn term of the academic year in which you apply. All courses must be completed by the end of the spring semester or winter quarter preceding matriculation. A grade of C or better must be earned in all prerequisite course work. Courses can be completed at any accredited college or university as long as the courses are determined by the Office of Professional Admissions to be equivalent to our required courses. We do not accept grades for any science courses 10 years or older. However, If you are able to prove advanced coursework or career use of the scientific information that supports your mastery of the content covered in these courses, you may submit (along with your application) a letter of petition.
You must have a 3.0 or higher overall GPA to be eligible for admission, no exceptions. If you have any questions about GPA, please contact us at email@example.com or 614-292-1171.
VMCAS Application
All applicants are required to apply online through the Association of American Veterinary Medical College's (AAVMC) Veterinary Medical College Application Service (VMCAS). Applicants can begin submitting their VMCAS applications in May. The deadline to submit is September 15 at 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time (No exceptions). For more information, visit aavmc.org
Transcript Verification
Students who complete a VMCAS application are required to submit all their official transcripts to AAVMC by August 15th to greatly improve your chances of having your application verified early with time to make corrections, if needed. All VMCAS applications are placed into Transcript Verification before releasing data to the veterinary schools. VMCAS matches your coursework section line by line against your official transcript to ensure you have correctly entered your courses.
Once VMCAS receives *all* your required documentation, VMCAS will then place your application in the verification queue. Verification can take up to four (4) weeks to complete. Please visit AAVMC's website for more information on transcript verification: http://aavmc.org/transcriptver.aspx
Send transcripts to:
VMCAS - Transcripts
P.O. Box 9126
Watertown, MA 02471
Supplemental Application
Applicants who designate The Ohio State University on the electronic VMCAS application are required to complete a supplemental application. You will not receive the supplemental application email until your VMCAS application has been completed and transcripts are verified. There are no essay questions on the supplemental application and an applicant should be able to complete the application in about a half-hour. There is a non-refundable application fee of $60 to be paid electronically, upon submission of the application.
A complete VMCAS application includes:
- E-Submit your VMCAS application & application fee
- Have all three (3) required electronic letters of recommendation received by VMCAS
- Make sure VMCAS has transcripts from ALL institutions attended
Please Note: We strongly encourage you to provide your Social Security Number on the supplemental application if you anticipate receiving a loan, scholarship or grant. The Office of Student Financial Aid uses the Social Security Number to verify your attendance if you are a loan, scholarship or grant recipient.
Application Fees
The Application fee is paid only by those applicants who complete the Supplemental Application. This fee is in addition to the VMCAS application fee.
- Domestic Applicants: $60
- International Applicants: $70
The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine no longer accepts checks or money orders for payment of the application fee. All applicants that complete the Supplemental Application will be required to pay online at the time you submit.
Any checks or money orders mailed to the Office of Professional Admissions or The Office of Student Affairs will be returned to you.
Test Scores
The General GRE must be taken by September 1 and scores must be received no later than September 15. You should request that ETS send the official GRE scores directly to us and VMCAS as soon as the test is taken. You will need to use two separate GRE codes. The first code is 1592 The Ohio State University and 7872 The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine VMCAS. GRE scores are acceptable within five years of submitting your application. The GRE measures verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills. Applicants are required to take all parts including the analytical writing section. There is no minimum GRE score and the best individual score from each section is taken. The GRE is offered multiple times per year at locations throughout the United States and Canada. To register for the GRE, go to ets.org or call 1-800-GRE-CALL. Most applicants choose to take the GRE however we do accept the MCAT. Minimum MCAT is 24. For information about the MCAT, visit aamc.org. To access your MCAT scores, we will need your 16-digit verification code.
International Applicants
International applicants from non-English speaking countries are required to fulfill the TOEFL, MELAB or IELTS requirement. If your native language is not English, you should possess a minimum level of English proficiency which is demonstrated by minimum scores as follows:
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)
- 577 (Paper-based test)
- 90-91 (Internet-based test)
MELAB (Michigan Language Assessment Battery)
- 84
IELTS (International English Language Testing System)
- 7.5
Letters of Recommendations
Three references (no relatives) are required and at least one must be a veterinarian.
Personal Interview
After an evaluation of each applicant's file, academic record, test scores, and non-academic portions of the application, a point value is assigned. This value will determine which applicants will be invited for a personal interview. Competitive applicants typically have GRE scores and GPA's well above minimum. For information about presenting a competitive application, click here. For those that qualify for an interview, the interview is typically 30 minutes with two interviewers. The personal interview will be used to clarify any issues arising from the academic and non-academic evaluation and to assess the applicant's maturity, motivation, communication skills, knowledge of the profession, and desire to contribute to society through veterinary medicine.


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Great protector of the family, St. Gerard, we ask your prayers for all parents, that they may receive the grace to live in the love of God and bring up their children to know and love him with all their hearts.
We ask you to pray that those who take the lives of unborn innocents and attack the dignity of motherhood may come to see the error of their ways, and that all men may value the holiness of Christian family life.
God, our loving Father, your love gives life to the world. Bless and make holy all human love, especially the life-giving love of husband and wife. May your love fill the hearts and homes of all families, so that the world may enjoy the peace and happiness promised by your Son, Our Lord Jesus Christ.
Four things to know about your candle on Catholic Online:
Hail Mary full of Grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed are thou among women and blessed is the fruit of thy womb Jesus. Holy Mary Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen. continue readingMore Prayer of the Day
In the centuries old Catholic tradition, holy cards or prayer cards are small, devotional cards for the use of the faithful. Prayer cards have an endless amount of use and make wonderful gifts and keepsakes.


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Flier of the Week: 'The Chronicles of Sheriff Joe Arpaio' Release at The Trunk Space
It's evident the creators of this flier put a heck of a lot of work into it. There are costumes, the set, the props and the fact thatit moves
Don't worry that the men--and chicken--featured in the flier are actual criminals. They're just performers for this Friday, September 24 show at The Trunk Space and are all musicians featured on a split 7-inch release. The mug shots were taken because of the theme of the album, entitled The Chronicles of Sheriff Joe Arpaio, on which all four songs are inspired by the most notorious sheriff in the country.
"The Chronicles of Sheriff Joe 7-inch is a really great album and, I believe, a beautiful, political time stamp for the local music scene and all of the wonderfully terrible things that have been happening," says poster designer Ryan Avery, who spent all his tip money from his job at Tammie Coe Cakes to plaster hundreds of the fliers around town.
Upcoming Events
Nicky Jam
TicketsSat., Jul. 30, 8:00pm
Sublime with Rome
TicketsSun., Jul. 31, 6:30pm
Liquid Assassin
TicketsTue., Aug. 2, 7:00pm
Weezer, & Panic! at the Disco
TicketsTue., Aug. 2, 7:00pm
Anderson .Paak and the Free Nationals
TicketsTue., Aug. 2, 8:00pm
While the obvious aim is to lure people to the show, Ben Gallaty, bassist for Andrew Jackson Jihad, has another idea.
"I hope people take away a sense of terror from the flier," he says. Though he promises, "(People) should come out because it will be fun. Unless they don't like fun. Then they should stay home."
Other bands featured on the line-up include Porches, Fathers Day and Treasure Mammal.
"I have a feeling deep within my bones that this show is going to be one of those crazy shows that no one ever forgets and talks about for years and years," Avery says. Here's hoping no one does anything crazy enough to have to actually warrant a visit to Sheriff Joe himself.
The all-ages show starts at 8 p.m. and costs $5. See www.thetrunkspace.com for details.
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Little Women: The Broadway Musical From SecondStory Repertory
* Additional fees apply. No coupon or promo codes necessary to enjoy the displayed discount price.
The last date listed for Little Women was Sunday August 4, 2013 / 2:00pm.
Most Popular Theater Event Nearby
Seussical -- Teen Musical Brings Dr. Seuss' Characters To Life
- Full Price:
- $25.00
- Our Price:
- $12.50
The mischievous Cat in the Hat joins a cast of everyone's favorite Dr. Seuss characters -- including… More
Venue Details
Reviews & Ratings
Featured review from Marilyn
view more less of this review
Second Story Rep. did a wonderful job with "Little
Women". It was my first visit to their little theatre;
caused me to want to see something there again.
The acting was very good; singing also good, and
no p.a. system! I did miss a printed program, but
resumes are on the entry wall.
star this review starred report as inappropriate
It was a small theater, every seat was great..Truly enjoyed it, outstanding performance!
star this review starred report as inappropriate
The sets were minimalistic but the acting was heartfelt and captivating. The songs were well performed and added to the emotion of the story. This show has put the SecondStory Rep on the map for me. The location is surrounded with excellent,...continued
star this review starred report as inappropriate
I attended an evening performance of Little Women with a friend. It was a packed house and deservedly so. This production brought a smile to my face so many times in the following week. It was well cast with performers who brought warmth and life...continued
_Little Women: The Broadway Musical
__ _
Music by Jason Howland
Lyrics by Mindi Dickstein
Book by Allan Knee
Based on the novel by Louisa May Alcott
Two Acts, Book Musical, Rated G_
_Directed by Alyson Soma
Music Direction by Tatiana Kruse_


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Burchell's Zebra (Equus burchelli) Mt. Kilimanjaro in background
Credit: Tom Brakefield
Creative #: E001075
License type: Royalty-freeRoyalty-free pricing is based solely on the size of the product you need, not the specific use. You don't have to pay any additional royalties on a use-by-use basis. Once you license a royalty-free product, you may use it multiple times for multiple projects without paying additional fees. (Pornographic, defamatory, libelous or otherwise unlawful use of any image is, of course, prohibited.)
Collection: Photodisc
Release info: No release required
Similar imagesSearch ResultsSame series
Burchells Zebra Mt Kilimanjaro In Background Stock PhotoAfrica,Animal Themes,Animals In The Wild,Color Image,Day,Full Length,Grant's Zebra,Herbivorous,Mt Kilimanjaro,No People,One Animal,Outdoors,Photography,Plain,Plains Zebra,Safari Animals,Savannah,Serengeti National Park,VerticalPhotographer Tom BrakefieldCollection: Photodisc


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Hotels near Saint-Germain-des-Pres Station
Search hotels near Saint-Germain-des-Pres Station in Paris
Trending now in Paris
- Most bookedMadison Hôtel by MH
419 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"Loved this place. It was a great value, very comfortable, felt safe as a single woman traveling alone, fantastic cafes and restaurants. Fun, lively area. I was accommodated in every way. I was not feeling well on the second day in Paris. They made me soft boiled eggs special for me for break..."
A Traveller, Jul 2016, US
314 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"Really appreciate all the staff at the desk! Gentleman at breakfast very gruff and unresponsive to "merci""
A Traveller, Jun 2016, US
285 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"The hotel in very good location,the room just too small."
A Traveller, Jul 2016, GB
276 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"My room (#103) was clean, quiet, and comfortable. Nice shower with plenty hot water and pressure. The hotel is right in the heart of St. Germain de pres. Great staff day and night."
T, Jul 2016, US
265 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"It was clean, nice. The staff was great! I would stay again in a heart beat."
A Traveller, Jul 2016, US
111 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
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"We were only there for 1 night but the staff was very friendly and we loved the location. Close to great shopping and restaurants."
A Traveller, Jun 2016, US
107 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"This was my 5th time in Paris. I've done budget and the Georges V, but this was by far my favorite experience. We stayed 4 nights (2 adults and 2 children). It was away from the awful tourist chaos of the Louvre and Eiffel Tower locations, we had room to walk on the streets and the accommodation ..."
A Traveller, Jul 2016, CA
25 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"I stayed here with my son for three nights and couldn't have been happier with the service. They changed out our bed from a double to two singles and were very accommodating. The area is fab - close to Notre Dame and lots of restaurants and cafes."
A Traveller, Jul 2016, US
- Sweet Inn Apartments Saint GermainNo Guest Reviews yet
15 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
10 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Map of hotels near Saint-Germain-des-Pres Station
- Eiffel Tower
- Paris City Centre
- Louvre Museum
- Galeries Lafayette
- Paris Opera
- Stade de France
- Champs-Elysees
- Arc de Triomphe
- Notre Dame Cathedral
- Marais
- Paris Nord Villepinte Exhibition Centre
- AccorHotels Arena
- Parc des Princes
- Place de la Bastille
- Bercy Village
- Place de la Republique
- Luxembourg Gardens
- Palais des Congres de Paris
- Moulin Rouge
- Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital
Hotels in Paris near Saint-Germain-des-Pres Station
Hotels in the 6th arrondissement
In a location this central, you are spoiled for choice when it comes to finding a hotel near Saint-Germain-des-Pres or Luxembourg. Accommodation ranges from 3- to 5-star hotels to serviced and self-catering apartments. While renowned as an upmarket district, it's possible to find reasonably priced accommodation near Saint-Germain-des-Pres. For independence, book an apartment in Conde Chic Studio and enjoy a central base from which to explore the area. Or check into one of the numerous spa hotels in the Saint-Germain-des-Pres/Luxembourg area such as the chic 4-star Hotel da Vinci, or the simply named L'Hotel, a stately 5-star gem near Pont Neuf.
Things to see in the 6th arrondissement
Where better to get a true taste of Parisian culture than in the famous literary cafés of the 6th arrondissement? Stop by at Café de Flore or Les Deux Magots for a coffee and a croissant, and watch the world go by. Then take a trip to the nearby Luxembourg Palace, seat of the French Senate, and wander amid the flowers, sculptures, and shady trees of its famous gardens. Step into the peaceful interior of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Pres, which dates back to the 6th century, and enjoy the tranquil atmosphere of this historic building at the center of bustling Paris. If you've come to the City of Lights to shop, the areas of Saint-Germain-des-Pres and Luxembourg will not disappoint. Explore designer stores and boutiques around the Boulevard Saint Germain, or pick up quirky books, specialty goods, and collectibles at market stalls on the busy Place Saint-Michel.
Good for couples
Paris is reputedly the most romantic capital in the world, and the districts of Saint-Germain-des-Pres and Luxembourg epitomize the quintessential amour of this special city. Check into a cozy hotel in the 6th arrondissement for a vacation à deux, and spend your trip café-hopping and browsing book stores together. Grab a basket of fresh food from the markets, make yourself at home at a picnic bench in the Jardin du Luxembourg, and laze about for a sunny afternoon. In the evening, stroll down narrow cobbled streets and enjoy fine cuisine in the intimate ambiance of a gourmet restaurant like La Petite Cour on Rue Mabillon, or the Relais Louis XIII on Rue des Grands Augustins.
How to get to the 6th arrondissement
If traveling from Orly Airport, it'll take you about 40 minutes to reach your 6th arrondissement hotel by taxi. Alternatively, take the Orlyval shuttle train to Antony station, then catch a train on the RER B line and get off at Luxembourg, which is right in the heart of the 6th arrondissement. If you're traveling from elsewhere in Paris, metro line 4 goes straight through the district. Once in the neighborhood, it's easy to get around on foot, by bus, or by metro.
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Kuzma Rooms, Split - Middle Dalmatia
- Free WiFi
Main amenities
- 5 guestrooms
- Airport shuttle
- Air conditioning
- Multilingual staff
- Luggage storage
- Limited hour front desk
- Tour/ticket assistance
For families
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Refrigerator
- Private bathroom
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Cable TV service
What's around
- Heart of Split
- Diocletian's Palace (0.4 mi / 0.7 km)
- Gregory of Nin Statue (0.5 mi / 0.8 km)
- Cathedral of Saint Domnius (0.5 mi / 0.8 km)
- Mestrovic Gallery (1.8 mi / 2.8 km)
- Natural History Museum (0.2 mi / 0.4 km)
Parking a rental car is quite an ordeal. The family owners were very helpful in making…
We chose this location because of the good value and location. The room was nice, clean,…
Kuzma Rooms, Split - Middle Dalmatia
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $109
- Superior Apartment
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Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 5 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 2 floors
- Check-in time 11 AM-11 PM
- Check-out time is 10 AM
Airport shuttle service is available on request. Contact the property in advance to make arrangements.
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Airport shuttle (available on request) *
- Train station pickup *
- Free nearby parking
- Shopping center shuttle *
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In the hotel
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Tours/ticket assistance
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- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 2
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Cable TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Refrigerator
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Also known as
- Kuzma Rooms
- Kuzma Rooms Hotel
- Kuzma Rooms Hotel Split
- Kuzma Rooms Split
For transfers, guests must contact the property 24 hours prior to arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: HRK 7 per person, per night
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for HRK 150 per day
Airport shuttle service is offered for an extra charge of HRK 200 per vehicle (one way)
Airport shuttle service for children costs HRK 200.00 (one way)
Train station pick-up service is offered for an extra charge
Shopping center shuttle service is offered for an extra charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
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A project is screening people for past trauma and treating them for it as their chronic physical conditions are also being addressed.
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"The master of the storytelling game."
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To examine potential mechanisms for the reduced resting membrane potentials (RP) of mature dystrophic (mdx) muscle fibers, the Na+ - K+ pump inhibitor ouabain was added to freshly isolated nondystrophic and mdx fibers. Ouabain produced a 71% smaller depolarization in mdx fibers than in nondystrophic fibers, increased the [Na+]i in nondystrophic fibers by 40%, but had no significant effect on the [Na+]i of mdx fibers, which was approximately double that observed in untreated nondystrophic fibers. Western blots indicated no difference in total and phosphorylated Na+ - K+ ATPase catalytic α1 subunit between nondystrophic and mdx muscle Examination of the effects of the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) indicated that direct application of the drug slowly hyperpolarized mdx fibers (7 mV in 90 minutes) but had no effect on nondystrophic fibers. Pretreatment with ouabain abolished this hyperpolarization, and pretreatment with PDTC restored ouabain-induced depolarization and reduced [Na+]i Administration of an NF-κB inhibitor that utilizes a different mechanism for reducing nuclear NF-κB activation, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), also hyperpolarized mdx fibers. These results suggest that in situ Na+ - K+ pump activity is depressed in mature dystrophic fibers by NF-κB dependent modulators, and that this reduced pump activity contributes to the weakness characteristic of dystrophic muscle.
Our rationale for examining the influence of ouabain and NF-κB inhibitors on the resting potential (RP) of isolated dystrophic (mdx) muscle fibers originated from several studies demonstrating that the RP is reduced in freshly isolated and untreated dystrophic fibers [1–5], and with results showing that long term in vivo treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) increased the RP in mdx muscle fibers [6]. In this laboratory, the mean RP in mouse Ringer solution obtained from mature (6 to 24 months) mdx costal diaphragm fibers (−57. 3) was 4.5 mV less negative (p<0.001) than the RP in mature nondystrophic fibers [5]. In younger mice (5 to 7 weeks), the RP in mdx costal diaphragms (−67.8 mV) was approximately equal to that observed in nondystrophic costal diaphragms [5]. Using freshly excised intercostal fibers from adult patients with limb girdle and facioscapulohumeral dystrophy, Ludin [1] observed an average RP of −71 to −73 mV, which was approximately 8 mV more depolarized than in corresponding nondystrophic biopsies. This investigator further indicated that the dystrophic resting potential at several extracellular K+ concentrations was consistently more positive than that predicted from the Nernst potential. Similarly, Sakakibara et al. [2] reported RP values (approximately - 72.5 mV) in freshly excised external intercostal fibers from Duchenne patients that were about 2 to 3 mV less negative than the lower limit of RPs observed in nondystrophic patients. Nagel et al. [3] indicated an average RP in the mdx costal diaphragm (−60 mV; 2.5 weeks to 9 months of age) that was approximately 3 mV less negative than the corresponding resting potential of nondystrophic fibers. While the individual determinations of RP vary between different muscle preparations and laboratories, these results consistently indicate that, under normal ionic conditions, the RP of freshly isolated intact mature adult dystrophic fibers is approximately 3 to 8 mV less negative than that in age-matched nondystrophic fibers.
Although the reduction in RP characteristic of adult dystrophic muscle fibers may seem small, it could very well contribute to muscle weakness by reducing the electrochemical driving force for Na+ influx and the density of fast Na+ channels available for voltage activation. In fact, recordings from human dystrophic (limb girdle, faciosacapulohumeral dystrophy) intercostal muscle fibers indicated a highly significant 13% reduction in action potential amplitude and a 14% reduction in the rate of rise of action potentials in comparison to nondystrophic controls [7]. These effects on action potential amplitude and rising phase are consistent with what would be expected from a decrease in driving force and an increase in Na+ channel inactivation, and would produce a reduction in sarcoplasmic Ca2+ release and a corresponding reduction in force generation. Such effects would act in series with previously observed reductions in Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of voltage clamped dissociated mdx fibers [8], and would therefore amplify any impairments in excitation–contraction coupling that may exist in dystrophic fibers. Based on these considerations, the purpose of the present study was to improve our current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the reduced RP characteristic of dystrophic muscle [1–6].
A slight depolarization of the RP could be the result of an increase in resting inward ionic current such as that produced by resting Ca2+ influx through Ca2+ leakage and nonselective cation channels [9,10]. However, several independent lines of evidence argue against this possibility. First, fluorometric studies of Mn2+ quench rate indicated that resting Ca2+ influx is not increased in adult dystrophic fibers [11,12]. Additional support for this conclusion was obtained from studies showing that concentrations of Gd3+ sufficient to block resting Ca2+ influx through nonselective cation channels and Ca2+ leakage channels had no effect on the resting potential of either nondystrophic or mdx muscle fibers [6]. In the mdx costal diaphragm, the reduced RP was associated with a significant increase in fiber input resistance (Rin; [5]). In contrast, reduced RP's produced solely by increases in resting Na+ or Ca2+ conductance would be associated with corresponding reductions in Rin. These results from fluorometric and electrophysiological studies are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the reduced RP of dystrophic fibers is due to increases in resting inward current produced by increases in either Ca2+ leakage or nonselective cation channel activity [5, 6, 11, 12]. An alternative possibility for the reduced RP in dystrophic fibers is that in situ Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity is reduced in adult dystrophic fibers. In the present study, this possibility was directly examined by comparing the effects of ouabain exposure on the RP in age-matched mdx and nondystrophic muscle fibers.
Previous experiments in this laboratory indicated that long term in vivo administration of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) substantially increased the resting potential (RP) in mdx triangularis sterni (TS) fibers [6]. Since PDTC is an NF-κB inhibitor [13] that increased cytosolic IκB-α in the mdx costal diaphragm, these results initially suggested that long term inhibition of the NF-κB pathway had beneficial effects on dystrophic (mdx) muscle [6]. Several studies from this and other laboratories now provide substantial evidence that inhibition of the NF-κB pathway has both morphological and functional benefits for dystrophic muscle [6, 14–20].
The influence of PDTC in improving the RP of mdx TS fibers [6] could be due to indirect effects in reducing fiber necrosis or increasing fiber regeneration. Alternatively, the drug may have more direct effects that improve the RP in dystrophic fibers. To examine this possibility, PDTC was administered directly to freshly isolated mdx fibers in vitro. The results indicated that PDTC produced a slow hyperpolarization of mdx muscle fibers, but had no effect on the RP of age-matched nondystrophic fibers[21].
The purpose of the present study was to determine the ouabain sensitivity and the effects of direct exposure to NF-κB inhibitors on mature adult mdx fibers. The results indicate that ouabain produced significantly smaller changes in RP and [Na+]i in mdx TS fibers than in age-matched nondystrophic fibers, that untreated mdx fibers exhibited [Na+]i levels that were approximately double those observed in untreated nondystrophic fibers (cf [22,23]), and that the overall cellular expression and phosphorylation of the Na-K ATPase alpha subunit was not significantly altered in mdx muscle. Pretreatment with ouabain abolished the hyperpolarizing influence of PDTC on the RP of mdx fibers. Conversely, pretreatment with PDTC restored the depolarizing influence of ouabain on the RP of mdx fibers, and reduced the [Na+]i in mdx fibers.
To further evaluate the potential role of the NF-κB pathway, the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on nuclear p65 activation and RP was examined. UDCA inhibits nuclear activation of NF-κB by a mechanism distinct from that mediated by PDTC, and directly reduces nuclear NF-κB trans-activation by interacting with glucocorticoid receptors [24]. Direct treatment of isolated mdx muscle with UDCA reduced the nuclear activation of p65 and hyperpolarized the RP. In summary, these results provide new evidence that the reduced RP of intact mature adult mdx muscle fibers is associated with negative modulation of resting Na+-K+ pump activity, and that inhibition of the NF-κB pathway increases the RP by reducing or counteracting this negative modulation.
Mdx (C57Bl10SnJ-mdx) and nondystrophic (C57BL/10 SnJ) mice were obtained from Jackson laboratories (Bar Harbour, ME) and bred at local animal facilities under IACUC approved conditions. The left TS muscle was removed as previously described [6, 12, 20] and placed in a muscle chamber containing mouse Ringer solution (in mM: 125 NaCl, 5 KCl, 2 CaCl2, 24 NaHCO3, 1 NaH2PO4, 11 glucose, pH 7.35; room temperature). The solution was continually re-circulated and bubbled with 95% O2/5% CO2. Only one TS muscle was removed from each mouse used in this study.
Conventional glass microelectrode (3M KCl; R = 20–70 MΩ) techniques were used to record RP as previously described [5]. The voltage deflection observed upon impalement and withdrawal of the electrode from each cell was noted, and the maximum of these two values was defined as the RP. The RP's were obtained at room temperature from the caudal TS region of 7 to 9 month old nondystrophic and mdx mice. Signals were amplified using a Warner Instrument Model IE201 electrometer and displayed on an oscilloscope. Rin was determined using the Wheatstone bridge circuit component of the Warner Instrument Model 1E201 as described in Carlson and Roshek [5]. Fibers with an RP less than −15 mV were not included in the analyses. In general, RP was sampled from individual fibers at a rate of approximately 10 fibers in 20 minutes. The incubation periods that are reported in this study therefore represent the time to the beginning of a sampling interval in which approximately 10 fibers are sampled in 20 minutes.
PDTC was administered in mouse Ringer at a concentration of 100 μM using mouse Ringer (pH 7.35) as a vehicle control, while UDCA was added to a final concentration of 200 μM from a stock solution containing 200 mM UDCA (mouse Ringer plus NaOH, pH 9.8) using the appropriate vehicle (mouse Ringer plus NaOH, pH 9.8) as a control.
Muscle fibers were loaded at room temperature with the acetylmethoxy ester of benzofuran isophthalate (SBFI-AM; Sigma-Aldrich #129423-53-6) at a final concentration of 10 or 50 μM in HEPES Ringer solution (in mM: 147.5 NaCl, 5 KCl, 2 CaCl2, 11 glucose, 5 HEPES, pH 7.35). After a 2 hour incubation in the dark, the preparation was rinsed several times with HEPES Ringer and mouse Ringer solution before measurements were obtained at room temperature in mouse Ringer solution bubbled with 95% O2/5% CO2. An Olympus IMT2F microscope equipped with an APO UV 20× objective, an IMT2-DMU dichroic mirror, and a PTI Model 104 photometer attached to the side port of the microscope were used. Excitation was provided by the excitation monochromator of an SLM Aminco 8000C spectrofluorometer and a PTI fiber optic cable (Model 060–8003). The aperture setting provided measurements of emission (> 490 nm) from a rectangular area (approximately 40,000 μm2) that included 2 to 4 fibers oriented longitudinally within the plane of focus (cf. [12]). Each experiment used the same settings for aperture, magnification, signal gain, and voltage. Full excitation spectra (300 to 450 nm, 5 nm increments, 4 nm bandwidth) were obtained periodically to monitor the overall signal intensity. Fibers in the caudal region of the TS were sampled exclusively.
In cells loaded with SBFI, the ratio of fluorescent intensities obtained at excitation wavelengths of 340 and 380 nm is correlated with the [Na+]i [25, 26]. Since freshly isolated skeletal muscle fibers exhibit autofluorescence within this range of wavelengths, the fluorescent intensity of unloaded fibers (Fa) was measured at excitation wavelengths of 340 nm and 380 nm in each preparation before loading with SBFI-AM (cf. [12]). The background (or solution) fluorescence at the same plane of focus (Fb) was also measured and subtracted from the corresponding intensity of the unloaded fibers to obtain the autofluorescence corrected for background at 340 and 380 nm excitation wavelengths (F340acb = F340a − F340b; F380acb = F380a − F380b). Fluorescent intensities of the loaded fibers (FS) were similarly corrected for background fluorescence (FSb) to correct for any potential leakage of SBFI (F340Scb = F340S − F340Sb; F380Scb = F380S − F380Sb). For each of the sampled areas, the fluorescence produced by the binding of Na+ to intracellular SBFI (F340Na, F380Na) was determined by subtracting the mean autofluorescence corrected for background (Mean F340acb, Mean F380acb) from the background corrected intensities of the loaded fibers (F340Na = F340Scb − Mean F340acb; F380Na = F380Scb − Mean F380acb). Areas that had F340Scb or F380Scb values that were less than 20% higher than the corresponding autofluorescence determinations (Mean F340acb, Mean F380acb) were not included in the analyses. The [Na+]i for each sampled area was determined from the F340Na/F380Na ratio and a standard curve relating F340Na/F380Na to [Na+]i in situ.
Standard curves were obtained with solutions similar to those used by Diarra et al [25]. Fibers loaded with 10 μM SBFI-AM in HEPES Ringer were exposed to 5, 10, or 20 mM NaCl at room temperature in HEPES (5 mM) buffered saline (pH 7.35 adjusted with KOH) containing 2.0 mM CaCl2 and 11.0 mM glucose. The [KCl] in the [Na+] standard solutions was adjusted to make the sum of the [K+] plus [Na+] equal to the corresponding value in HEPES Ringer solution. Each solution contained 10 μM gramicidin D and 1 mM ouabain to promote Na+ flux across the membrane and inhibit the Na+-K+ ATPase. Additional control experiments to measure autofluorescence in these solutions were used to obtain the F340Na and F380Na values. Since the F340Na and F380Na values from nondystrophic and mdx preparations exposed to standard [Na+] solutions were not significantly different, the data were combined to obtain an empirical standard curve that was used to convert the F340Na/F380Na ratio from each sampled area to a value of [Na+]i. The [Na+]i of mdx fibers loaded with 50 μM SBFI-AM were determined using a separate set of standards at 20, 25, 30, and 40 mM [Na+] (10 μM gramicidin D,1 mM ouabain, [KCl] adjusted such that [KCl] + [NaCl] = 152.5 mM; 2 mM CaCl2, 11 mM glucose, pH 7.35 adjusted with KOH).
Whole cell lysates (WCL) and nuclear extracts were obtained using the techniques developed in this laboratory by Singh et al [27]. Briefly, whole cell extracts were prepared by homogenization in isotonic lysis buffer (WCLB: 20 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM Na2EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 1% Triton, 2.5 mM sodium pyrophosphate, 1 mM beta-glycerophosphate, 1 mM Na3VO4, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 4μl/ml protease inhibitor cocktail, 10μl/ml phosphate inhibitor, pH 7.5; 15 μl per mg tissue), freeze-thawing (two freeze/thaw cycles; 5 minute freeze on dry ice), vortexing (10 seconds), and centrifugation (6 minutes, 13,000 rpm, 4°C). The supernatant containing the whole cell lysate was stored at −80°C until used in the Western blot determinations of phosphorylated and total Na+-K+ ATPase α1 subunit.
Nuclear extracts were used to assess the efficacy of UDCA in reducing p65 trans-activation in freshly isolated mdx costal diaphragm preparations. Mdx costal diaphragms exposed to UDCA or vehicle in HEPES Ringer solution were flash frozen and homogenized in low salt lysis buffer (LSLB: 10 mM HEPES, 10 mM KCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.1 mM EDTA, 0.1 mM EGTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.0 mg/ml benzamidine, 0.5 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 4.0 μl/ml protease inhibitor cocktail Sigma # 8340, 10μl/ml phosphatase inhibitor Sigma # P2850, pH 7.9, 1 mg wet weight per 18 μl). Cytosolic extracts were obtained after freeze-thaw lysis on dry ice followed by centrifugation (13,000 rpm, 20 seconds, 4°C). The remaining pellets were washed twice in LSLB (50 μl) to remove any remaining cytosolic components, and re-suspended in ice-cold high-salt lysis buffer (HSLB: 20 mM HEPES (pH 7.9), 420 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 25% glycerol, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.5 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1.0 mg/ml benzamidine, 4μl/ml protease inhibitor cocktail, 10μl/ml phosphate inhibitor; 4μl/mg wet weight; 30 min incubation). After mixing vigorously (5 seconds, vortex) several times while incubating on ice (30 minutes), the suspension was centrifuged (13,000 rpm, 6 min, 4°C), and the resulting supernatant containing the nuclear extract was stored at −80°C. Protein concentrations for all cell extracts were determined using the Bradford assay (Bio-Rad 500-0006) in a standard 96 well plate.
Western blots were obtained from whole cell lysates using procedures similar to those described in Singh et al [27]. Muscle proteins (20 μg) were separated by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, transferred to PVDF membranes (Bio-Rad), and blocked with 5% non fat dehydrated milk in Tris buffered saline containing Tween 20 (TBST; 25 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 0.1% Tween20; 1 hr, room temperature). The membranes were incubated with primary antibodies in TBST (5% BSA) overnight at 4°C, followed by secondary antibody horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson Laboratory; 111-035-003) in TBST (5% non-fat dehydrated milk or 5% BSA) for 1 hr at room temperature. The immunoblot detection was performed using the ECL detection system (Amersham, UK) according to the instructions of the manufacturer.
Equal loading of proteins was evaluated by stripping and developing a blot for GAPDH (Cell Signaling,14C10; # 2118). The primary antibody used for the detection of Na-K ATPase α1 subunit was obtained from Cell Signaling (# 3010; 1:1000). Percent phosphorylated α1 subunit was determined in parallel samples by first developing the membrane for phosphorylated α1 subunit (Tyr10 - Cell Signaling # 3060 or Ser23 - Cell Signaling # 4006 - corresponds to Ser18 of mature α1 subunit; 1:500) to determine the density of phosphorylated signal, and then stripping and exposing the membrane to the Na-K ATPase α1 subunit antibody (Cell Signaling; # 3010, 1:1000). Densitometric analysis to obtain percent phosphorylated α1 subunit and total expression of α1 subunit relative to GAPDH were performed using Image J, Sigma Stat and Sigma Plot. The results were obtained from age (7 to 12 months) and gender matched nondystrophic and mdx mice.
DNA binding of p65 was determined in nuclear extracts from freshly isolated mdx costal diaphragms exposed to various concentrations of UDCA or vehicle in HEPES Ringer solution for 2 hours. The TransAM™ NF-κB p65 assay kit (ActiveMotif, Carlsbad, CA) was used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions (cf [27]). Sample absorbance was directly compared between individual muscle preparations on individual plates and normalized to the absorbance of a standard positive control (2.5 μg Jurkat nuclear extract).
The results were analyzed using SAS statistical software 9.0 (ANOVA, linear regression) or SigmaStat v 2.03 (t-test, Mann-Whitney rank sum test) and are presented as the mean ± SEM. Multiple group comparisons were obtained using ANOVA followed by multiple pairwise comparisons (Tukey's test). Direct comparisons between mdx and nondystrophic preparations were assessed by t test. Significance was defined at p < 0.05.
The mean RP of untreated fibers in the caudal region of the severely dystrophic mdx TS muscle [20] at 7 to 9 months of age (−54.8 ± 0.9 mV, N = 208 fibers, 19 muscles) was 4.2 mV less negative (p<0.01, Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test) than that observed in nondystrophic TS muscles (−59.0 ± 0.7 mV, N= 128 fibers, 12 muscles). Fibers from a cohort of nondystrophic mice (7 to 9 month) were depolarized by 14.7 mV (from −61.1 to −46.4 mV; N= 80 fibers, 8 muscles) following a 30 minute exposure to 1 mM ouabain (Fig. 1). In contrast, the same ouabain exposure produced a significantly (p<0.001) lower depolarization of only 4.3 mV (from −56.3 to −52.0 mV; Fig. 1; N = 160 fibers, 8 muscles) in mdx fibers. These results provide the first evidence that the influence of ouabain-sensitive Na-K+ ATPase pump activity on the RP is greatly diminished in intact, mature adult dystrophic fibers.
Fluorometric evaluation of [Na+]i provided further evidence that Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity is reduced in freshly isolated intact mdx TS fibers. The mean [Na+]i in untreated mdx TS fibers (22.5 ± 2.3 mM) was significantly (p<0.001; Mann Whitney Rank Sum Test) higher than that observed in nondystrophic TS fibers (11.5 ± 1.0 mM). Nondystrophic TS fibers exposed to ouabain (1 mM) for 30 minutes exhibited significantly (p< 0.01, Mann Whitney Rank Sums test) elevated [Na+]i levels of 16.1 ± 1.9 mM. In contrast, the same treatment of mdx TS fibers had no effect on [Na+]i (Table 1). The elevated [Na+]i and the lack of influence of ouabain on [Na+]i in mdx fibers provides additional confirmatory evidence that ouabain-sensitive Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity is reduced in situ in mature adult dystrophic muscle fibers.
To examine the possibility that the reduced resting potentials, reduced ouabain sensitivity, and elevated Na+ levels were secondary to reduced expression of Na+ - K+ ATPase in mdx muscle, Western blots were obtained from both nondystrophic and mdx muscle to assess the relative expression of the catalytic α subunit, and the phosphorylation of the α subunit at two sites that are known to regulate Na+ - K+ ATPase activity (Tyr10, Ser18; [28–32]). The results indicate equal levels of expression of the catalytic α1 subunit and phosphorylated α1 subunit in mature adult nondystrophic and mdx costal diaphragm (Fig. 2), and suggest that the depressed efficacy of ouabain in intact mdx fibers (Fig. 1, Table 1) is secondary to negative modulation of ouabain-sensitive activity that is independent of the level of phosphorylation at either Tyr10 or Ser18.
The effect of PDTC on the RP was examined by comparing the effect of a 90 minute exposure to the drug on nondystrophic and mdx TS muscle fibers. In the cohort of preparations used for this study, the RP prior to PDTC administration ranged between −51 and −73 mV, with no significant difference between mdx and nondystrophic preparations (overall mean = −59.7 mV). The addition of PDTC had no effect on the RP in nondystrophic fibers, but significantly (p<0.001) hyperpolarized mdx fibers by approximately 7 mV (p< 0.001; Fig. 3). In a separate group of experiments, the RP was sampled at various time periods after the administration of PDTC. Mdx TS fibers exhibited a slight, but significant (p < 0.05; r2 = 0.0333), positive correlation between PDTC incubation time and RP, while nondystrophic TS fibers exhibited highly stable RPs with no significant correlation over a 2 hour recording period. To examine whether the PDTC-induced increase in RP was associated with a change in resting conductance, a third study was conducted to examine the effect of PDTC on Rin. In this smaller study, the 90 minute treatment with PDTC increased the RP in mdx fibers by 10.6 mV (from a mean of −44.8 to −55.4 mV; p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney Rank Sums test, 2 mdx TS muscles, N = 20 untreated fibers, N = 23 PDTC treated fibers), but had no significant effect on the input resistance (untreated - Rin = 4.4 ± 0.7 MΩ, N = 20 fibers; PDTC treated – Rin = 4.0 ± 1.4 MΩ, N = 20 fibers). These results provide the first evidence that an inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway [6] directly hyperpolarizes the resting plasma membrane of intact, mature adult dystrophic fibers.
To examine the possibility that the membrane hyperpolarization induced by PDTC was produced by an increase in ouabain sensitive Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity, mdx TS fibers were exposed to PDTC after first inhibiting the pump with ouabain. Since these experiments involved exposing preparations to PDTC in the presence of ouabain, it was necessary to first determine the effects of ouabain on the RP in the absence of PDTC. The control group, therefore, consisted of preparations that were exposed to ouabain alone for 120 minutes. The RP was determined in these control preparations after both 30 and 120 minutes of ouabain exposure.
In the experimental group, mdx fibers were exposed to 1mM ouabain for 30 minutes before treating the preparation with PDTC (100 μM) in the continued presence of ouabain for another 90 minutes. The RP in the experimental group was obtained after 30 minutes (before PDTC) and 120 minutes (after PDTC) of ouabain exposure. If PDTC had a hyperpolarizing influence on the RP of the ouabain treated preparations, then the actual depolarization in the continued presence of ouabain and PDTC would be smaller than the depolarization in the presence of ouabain and the absence of PDTC. In contrast, the results indicated that the mean change in RP between 30 and 120 minutes of ouabain exposure in the PDTC treated preparations (+19.2 mV) was approximately equal to the corresponding change in the ouabain treated preparations that were not exposed to PDTC (+19.3 mV; Fig. 3; mdx ouabain pretreated). These results indicate that PDTC had no effect on the RP of mdx preparations pretreated and continually exposed to ouabain.
To further examine whether PDTC treatment increases ouabain-sensitive Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity in mdx fibers, the effect of ouabain on the RP was determined in mdx fibers that were pretreated with PDTC. Mdx TS preparations were first exposed to 100 μM PDTC for 90 minutes before determining the RP in a sample of 10 fibers per preparation and exposing the preparation to 1 mM ouabain. In contrast to the untreated mdx TS fibers that were depolarized by an average of about 4 mV following 30 minutes of ouabain exposure, the PDTC treated fibers were depolarized by 15.8 mV (from −66.1 to −50.3 mV; Fig. 1, mdx PDTC pretreated), a value that was not significantly different from the ouabain-induced depolarization in nondystrophic fibers (14.7 mV). These results indicate that PDTC hyperpolarizes dystrophic fibers by increasing ouabain-sensitive Na+-K+ATPase pump activity.
The effect of PDTC on [Na+]i was consistent with an action of the drug in increasing ouabain sensitive Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity. Control mdx TS fibers exposed to SBFI-AM in HEPES Ringer for a period of 2 hours exhibited an average [Na+]i of 25.4 ± 1.8 mM when subsequently bathed in mouse Ringer solution (N= 46 fibers, 2 preparations). Experimental fibers treated with SBFI-AM for 30 minutes and 100 μM PDTC in the presence of SBFI-AM for 90 minutes exhibited a significantly reduced average [Na+]i of 17.4 ± 1.1 mM (N=77 fibers, 3 preparations; p<0.001) when subsequently bathed in mouse Ringer solution containing 100 μM PDTC. These effects of PDTC in restoring ouabain sensitivity (Fig. 1) and reducing [Na+]i indicate that the drug increases basal Na+ - K+ ATPase pump activity in mature adult mdx muscle fibers.
Previous experiments in this laboratory and others indicated that PDTC increased cytosolic IκB-α [6] and reduced nuclear NF-κB activation in mdx limb muscle [14]. The mechanism of action of PDTC does not depend on reductions in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), but instead involves inhibition of the ubiquitin ligase responsible for regulating the subsequent proteasomal degradation of phosphorylated IκB-α [13]. In contrast, UDCA does not increase cytosolic IκB-α, but instead directly reduces the nuclear activation of NF-κB by interfering with DNA binding after interacting with membrane glucocorticoid receptors [24]. To assess whether inhibition of the NF-κB pathway was sufficient to improve the RP in mdx fibers, p65 activation was determined in nuclear extracts from freshly isolated mdx costal diaphragms exposed to various concentrations of UDCA or vehicle for 2 hours.
The results indicated that a concentration of 200 μM UDCA, which significantly (p<0.05) reduced nuclear p65 activation to approximately 35% of the levels observed in vehicle treated preparations (Fig. 4A), produced a significant (p<0.01), 7 mV increase in the RP (from −50.5 to −57.5 mV) that was not observed after exposure to the vehicle solution (RP = −50.1 mV before vehicle and −49.9 mV after vehicle; Fig. 4B). These results indicate that two chemically distinct NF-κB inhibitors that act by independent mechanisms to reduce nuclear NF-κB activation produce similar effects in hyperpolarizing the resting plasma membrane of intact, mature adult dystrophic muscle fibers.
The results indicate that freshly isolated, intact, mature adult dystrophic (mdx) fibers which exhibit elevated nuclear NF-κB activation [27] also exhibit reduced RPs, elevated [Na+]i (Table 1; cf. [22,23]), and reduced sensitivity to ouabain (Fig. 1; Table 1), but have normal cellular expression and phosphorylation (Tyr10, Ser18) of the α1 Na+-K+ ATPase catalytic subunit (Fig. 2). Previous studies had indicated increased Na+-K+ ATPase activity in isolated plasma membrane fractions from mdx muscle [33], and increases in the number of ouabain binding sites in younger 5 to 6 month old mdx muscle fractions [34]. The present study provides the first direct immunochemical evidence in mdx muscle regarding the total cellular expression of the α1 subunit of the Na+-K+ ATPase, and indicates that total cellular expression is unaltered in mature adult mdx costal diaphragm (Figure 2A). Since the earlier investigation examining total ouabain binding was conducted on whole muscle homogenates from back and leg muscles [34], it is possible that differences in muscle preparation may account for these apparent differences in Na+ - K+ ATPase expression. Nevertheless, the present results clearly indicate that the reduced RP, elevated [Na]i, and reduced sensitivity to ouabain are each produced by a reduction in ouabain sensitive Na+ - K+ pump activity in the presence of normal cellular expression of the catalytic α1 subunit (Fig. 2A).
The activity of Na+-K+ ATPase in situ is regulated by increases or decreases in the translocation of the enzyme to the plasma membrane, increases in the synthesis and assembly of Na+-K+ ATPase molecules in a readily available store that can be rapidly transported to the plasma membrane, or by more direct alterations to the activity of existing Na+-K+ ATPase molecules in the plasma membrane [35,36]. Two prominent sites on the catalytic subunit have been implicated in regulating activity. Insulin increases phosphorylation on Tyr10 [30] and, in skeletal muscle, increases Na+-K+ ATPase activity by enhancing the translocation of active enzyme to the plasma membrane [31]. In contrast, dopamine increases phosphorylation on Ser18 and decreases activity by promoting endocytosis of active enzyme [29] and reducing K+ affinity [28].
To examine whether the reduced ouabain sensitivity of dystrophic muscle was secondary to changes in the basal rate of phosphorylation at either of these sites (Tyr10, Ser18), the proportion of phosphorylated α1 subunit at each site was examined in nondystrophic and mdx costal diaphragm. The results indicate that untreated nondystrophic and mdx muscle exhibit equivalent degrees of phosphorylation at both the Tyr10 and Ser18 sites (Fig. 2B, C), and that the in situ reductions of ouabain sensitivity in dystrophic muscle are therefore secondary to reductions in activity that are independent of phosphorylation at these sites.
Alternative explanations for the reduced ouabain sensitivity in intact mature dystrophic muscle include a wide array of possibilities ranging from reductions in available intracellular ATP, oxidative stress, differential expression and assembly of various α and β isoforms [35], altered cytoskeletal interactions, conformational alterations that reduce ouabain binding, increases in the levels of endogenous ouabain [37], and chronic effects of prolonged cytokine exposure and subsequent withdrawal. The reduced sensitivity to ouabain observed in the present study is, however, consistent with previous results indicating that red cell ghosts from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy had reduced Na+-K+ ATPase activity and an abnormal positive response to ouabain [38–40] that was mediated by a modulator present in the dystrophic circulation [40]. The results of the present study showing that a brief period of ouabain exposure failed to alter the [Na+]i of mdx fibers (Table 1) are generally consistent with these previous results showing reduced hydrolysis of ATP in dystrophic red cell membrane preparations [38–40]. Nevertheless, mdx fibers must have residual ouabain sensitive Na+-K+ pump activity in order to maintain electrochemical gradients for Na+ and K+ or, alternatively, a store of relatively inactive Na+ - K+ ATPase molecules that are insensitive to exogenous ouabain. Although additional experiments are required to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for reduced ouabain sensitivity in mdx skeletal muscle (Fig. 1, Table 1), the present results provide strong evidence for the novel hypothesis that basal Na+ - K+ pump activity in dystrophic muscle is reduced by a mechanism that does not involve alterations in the cellular expression of the catalytic α1 subunit or phosphorylation at either Tyr11 or Ser18 (Fig. 2).
The initial results showing that long term treatment with PDTC substantially improved the RP in the mdx TS muscle [6] were further examined by exposing freshly isolated nondystrophic and mdx TS muscles to PDTC in vitro. The results indicate that PDTC produced a significant hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane in mdx TS fibers over an interval of 90 minutes (Fig. 3). To determine whether the increase in RP may have been produced by a reduction in the resting conductance to Na+, Ca2+, or Cl−, Rin was determined before and after PDTC exposure. A reduction in resting conductance to these ions would produce an increase in Rin. In contrast, fibers exposed to PDTC exhibited a slightly reduced Rin that was not significantly different from the value in untreated mdx fibers. The hyperpolarizing influence of PDTC was, however, associated with a reduction in [Na+]i and the restoration of normal ouabain sensitivity (Fig. 1), and was abolished by pretreatment with ouabain (Fig. 3). These results indicate that PDTC improves the RP in dystrophic fibers by increasing resting, ouabain-sensitive, Na+-K+ pump activity.
PDTC inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway by stabilizing cytosolic IκB-α [6,13,14], and improves mdx limb tension generation by about 12% when administered in vivo to mature mdx mice [19]. Results from this laboratory indicate that UDCA is more efficacious than PDTC in reducing nuclear p65 activation in the mdx costal diaphragm [19], which exhibits substantially higher proportional increases in nuclear p65 activation than mdx limb muscle [27]. UDCA produced a 21% increase in limb tension after 30 days of treatment [19]. The mechanism of action for UDCA does not involve increases in cytosolic IκB-α, but instead involves more direct inhibition of DNA binding and trans-activation [24]. In the present study, UDCA (100 to 200 μM; 2 hours) inhibited nuclear p65 activation in the mdx costal diaphragm to levels of approximately 35% of vehicle-treated levels (Fig. 4A). Exposure to 200 μM UDCA for 90 minutes produced a significant (p<0.01) hyperpolarization of the RP in mdx TS muscle fibers (Fig. 4B).
Both of the NF-κB inhibitors used in this study have been shown to exert direct anti-oxidant effects in reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and it is therefore possible that the restorative effects of these agents on the RP may be partly mediated by reductions in intracellular ROS. However, a study directly examining the efficacy of UDCA in scavenging O2 using the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction (NBT) assay indicated small (11%) decreases in NBT reduction at a concentrations of 500 μM UDCA and no effect on NBT reduction at 100 μM [41]. Interpolating these results [41], one would expect that a concentration of 200 μM UDCA would decrease the rate of NBT reduction by approximately 3%. Since 100 to 200 μM produced roughly 65% inhibition of nuclear p65 activation in the present study (Fig. 4A) and was relatively ineffective at reducing NBT reduction [41], it is quite unlikely that reductions in ROS played an important role in improving the RP in the present study. Although the precise role of nuclear NF-κB activation in modulating Na+-K+ ATPase activity in dystrophic muscle will require additional studies using a broad array of NF-κB inhibitors, the present results showing similar hyperpolarizing effects of two NF-κB inhibitors that have distinct mechanisms of action strongly suggest that the induced hyperpolarization is secondary to inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
In summary, the results indicate that ouabain sensitive Na+-K+ pump activity and the RP are reduced in freshly isolated mature mdx muscle fibers, and are enhanced by two distinct inhibitors of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Although the results suggest that an NF-κB dependent modulator suppresses ouabain sensitive Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity in dystrophic fibers (cf. [42,43]), it is possible that the positive effects of inhibiting the pathway in dystrophic muscle are independent of the negative modulation of ouabain sensitive activity in untreated dystrophic fibers. More importantly, however, these results indicate that ouabain sensitive Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity in mature dystrophic fibers is labile, and may be rapidly modulated by agents that affect cell signaling.
Since small reductions in RP could be responsible for reductions in the amplitude and time course of action potentials in dystrophic muscle [7] that would in turn reduce the quantity of Ca2+ released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the reduction in RP and ouabain sensitivity of dystrophic fibers likely contributes to the muscle weakness characteristic of dystrophic muscle. Previous results from voltage-clamped, dissociated mdx flexor digitorum fibers indicated defects in the sarcoplasmic release of Ca2+ [8] that would act in series with a reduced action potential to produce reductions in active tension development. The reduced RP and elevated [Na]i seen in the present study would produce reductions in action potential amplitude that would therefore have a multiplicative effect in further reducing sarcoplasmic Ca2+ release in intact mature adult mdx fibers, and would thus contribute to weakness in intact dystrophic muscle. Additional studies to elucidate the signaling pathways that influence the Na+-K+ ATPase pump activity of dystrophic muscle would therefore be quite useful in designing new treatments to improve muscle function in Duchenne and related muscular dystrophies.
This work was supported by grants to CGC from AT Still University (Strategic Research Grant), the Association Française contre les Myopathies (AFM; 11832, 13980), the NIH (1R15AR055360-01A2) and Charley's Fund, and by the MS program in Biology at Truman State University (MTM). The authors also are thankful for the help provided by Bonnie King and the KCOM mouse facility staff (Alan Coonfield and RaElla Wiggins). The authors wish to thank Drs. Dianne Janick-Buckner, Brent Buckner, and Dean DeCock for their insight and recommendations regarding this research.
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Parish Practice
Step up to join the elect Premium06 March 2014 | by Paul Turner | Comments: 0 With the start of Lent, people preparing to become Catholics will be attending the Rite of Election at cathedrals around the world. It marks the final stage in their formation which ends with reception into the Church at Easter The Rite of Election or Enrolment of Names has become a major event in most dioceses, but its connection to the parish can be easily lost.The outline of the Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA) calls it the rite "by which the Church formally ratifies the catechumens' readiness for the Sacraments of Initiation and the catechumens, now the elect, express the will to receive these sacraments". It is called election "because the acceptance made by the Church is founded on the election by God, in whose name the Church acts" (RCIA ....... ....... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........
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|Bob Hope
|Robert Leslie Hunter
|Anita Ekberg
|Martha Hyer
|Ann McCall
|Preston Sturges
|Serge Vitry
|André Morell
|American Ambassador
|Alan Gifford
|American Consul
|Maurice Teynac
|Doctor Bernais
|Yves Brainville
|Inspector Dupont
|Jean Murat
|rest of cast listed alphabetically:
|Charles Bouillaud
|Porter (uncredited)
|Jean Daurand
|Gil Delamare
|Marcel Pérès
|Institute guard (uncredited)
|Roger Tréville
|Patient (uncredited)
|Irène Tunc
|Shipboard Lovely (uncredited)
|Hans Verner
|Gangster (uncredited)
|Paul Violette
|Institute guard (uncredited)
Directed by
|Gerd Oswald
Writing credits
|Bob Hope
|(story) (as Robert Hope)
|Edmund Beloin
|(writer) and
|Dean Riesner
Produced by
|C.R. Foster-Kemp
|associate producer
|Bob Hope
Original Music by
|Joseph J. Lilley
Cinematography by
|Roger Hubert
Film Editing by
|Ellsworth Hoagland
Production Design by
|Georges Wakhévitch
Costume Design by
|Pierre Balmain
Makeup Department
|Hagop Arakelian
|makeup artist
|Alex Archambault
|hair stylist
|Boris Karabanoff
|makeup artist
Production Management
|Fred Surin
|production supervisor
Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
|Paul Feyder
|assistant director
Art Department
|René Calviera
|associate art director
|René Petit
|associate art director
|Jean Taillandier
|associate art director
Sound Department
|Robert Biard
|sound mixer
|Francis J. Scheid
|sound mixer (as Francis Scheid)
Camera and Electrical Department
|Adolphe Charlet
|camera operator
Costume and Wardrobe Department
|Gladys de Segonzac
|costume supervisor
Other crew
|John Crewdson
|aerial facilities (as Captain John Crewdson)
|Gil Delamare
|assistant: John Crewdson
Bob Hope was, without a doubt, at the height of his film comedy
popularity from 1939 through 1951. All of his films were pretty
successful, and his cowardly, smart-aleck hit the right notes. His best
notes were shared with Bing Crosby and Dorothy Lamour, but he did well
on his own in films like "Where's There's Life", "Monsieur Beaucaire",
and "The Princess and the Pirate". The last good films in this series
were "My Favorite Spy" and "The Lemon Drop Kid".
Then something happens. It is only beginning to be understood, for Hope's death last year sort of opened some hidden or shut doors. One thing that comes out is his (for want of a better term) "schizzoid" point of view regarding film acting. He saw Bing had won a best actor Oscar for "Going My Way" and could not understand why Bing did it and Bob could not. That Bing was better at straight acting than Bob never entered his mind. Hope felt that his writers could find a script for him that opened the door to an Oscar nomination (and, with luck, Oscar selection). If you notice in his best films there are moments when the writers and Hope do struggle to make his character rise to the surface on the plot line. But these moments are always brief - immediately he makes some snippy, "funny" comment that undercuts it. The reason comes out in his "schizoid" point of view. Hope could not stand leaving any dialog without a humorist zinger to cap it off. Imagine Lawrence Olivier as Hamlet or Othello or MacBeth, topping off a soliloquy with an old jest (possibly from "Joe Miller's Joke Book") and you can approximate this problem. The jokes were usually funny, but they deflated the dramatic moments in the films.
After 1951 Hope still made movies, but his attention was now increasingly involved with television (radio was passing its peak years as THE home entertainment source). He still hoped to get that one elusive part. And to be fair to Hope his three best performances are in the 1950s after 1951: "The Seven Little Foys", "Beau James", "That Certain Feeling". The latter two are probably the best, with the biography of Mayor Walker actually tapping into his film personae almost perfectly for the dapper, funny, seemingly shallow Mayor. "That Certain Feeling" actually gave him a part where his smart alecky comments were compensated in the plot by his having psychological problems (an inferiority complex) and a rival (a superb George Sanders) to play off against (and in this case with - Sanders gives as good as he gets). Hope never rose above these two films (these three with "Foys").
But Hope was approaching the end of his run of movie success with these three films. There had been signs of this even earlier. When he played opposite Hedy Lamarr in "My Favorite Spy", he met a type he was unused to in leading ladies. Most of his leading ladies were easy going and willing to let him carry the comedy for them (such as Virginia Mayo in "The Princess and the Pirate"). In Dorothy Lamour's case in the "Road" films she let Bob and Bing handle the comedy. With Lamarr he found a Hollywood star who insisted on equal time. When you see the film today it is very funny, and Lamarr never had as openly humorous a role in a film. But most of her footage ended up on the cutting room floor. Lamarr was quite angry about that, and never forgave Hope (and never appeared on any of his television specials, as other leading ladies of his did).
In 1955 Hope stumbled again, doing a "Ninotchka" imitation called "The Iron Petticoat". It co-starred Katherine Hepburn. It makes one's eyes blink to see Hepburn's name opposite Hope - most of his leading ladies (even Oscar winners like Joan Fontaine) were not in Hepburn's league. Imagine Oliver Hardy romancing Joan Crawford or Greta Garbo in one of the Laurel and Hardy films. The same casting problem emerges (no problem if he romances Thelma Todd or Mae Busch though). Hope probably thought it was a great casting coup. This film pops up occasionally on British television (it was made in England), but has never appeared here. Both stars died last year, and I wonder if they both pressured American television not to show it. Hepburn, a gifted all around actress, probably did a good job. My guess is Hope tried to do to her what had succeeded with Lamarr. But Hepburn was bigger than Lamarr and it did not work. So, if my suspicion is correct, you really get two films, one starring Hope, one of Hepburn, tacked together. Hepburn, by the way, never showed up on a Hope special either. I wonder if she was even asked.
Then came this disaster.
I watched it once in the 1960s. It was incomprehensible to me, and given what films I had seen with Hope I wondered what had happened to him. Fernandel remained a total mystery for me, but I have seen him in some French films since, so I know he could act and perform very nicely. The plot was like half a dozen other plots reused over and over by Hope's writers - a brash coward is accidentally twisted into a criminal/spy conspiracy. The only thing I recall was that Preston Sturges' appearance as Serge Vitry was unique and short. I think that Hope may have hired him for the cameo because one of Hope's first big successes in movies was as Kidley, the hypochondriac millionaire in "Never Say Die", which Sturges wrote. But that point aside, this film was a bomb - the first really bad film in Hope's career and the one that pointed to the string of loser films of the 1960s and 70s.
|Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
|Paris, je t'aime
|Maximum Risk
|Before Sunrise
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Dr. Judy Zerzan speaks about the creation of a new database and how it will impacts payers, providers and consumers.Last month, it was announced that seven health plans in Colorado have come together to form a multi-payer data-sharing online tool that will help improve the quality of care for all state residents. This idea was born out of the Comprehensive Primary Care (CPC) initiative - collaboration among public and private health plans - and the aims to make it easier for primary care practice to transition to a more integrated approach.
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This 1962 Ford Galaxie 500 XL 2 Door Convertible (Stock # B11237) is available in our Benicia, CA showroom and
Listed by Ross's Valley Auto Sales
Take a look at this GORGEOUS !! - RARE !! - RESTORED !! - 1962 Ford Galaxie 500 Sunliner Convertible
Listed by Dream Classics Inc
1962 Ford Galaxie 500 Please if you have any questions feel free to email me or give me a call at
Listed by Barr's Classic Cars Inc.
1962 Ford Galaxie 500 $29,900 OBO – Dunlap, TN
At first glance this 1962 Galaxie 500 looks like just
Listed by Ellingson Classic Cars, Inc.
Smooth running 292 cu. in. V-8 engine Ford-o-matic automatic transmission Dual exhaust Refinished in Rangoon Red paint
Listed by Lone Star Classic Cars
Very straight and original 62 Galaxie All the chrome trim is there and is in great condition Runs and drives outstanding, drive
Listed by Suncoast Classic Cars
This 1962 Ford Galaxie 500 XL performance car looks fantastic in the Maroon color with white top. It has