text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 22, 1998
|Filing date
|Mar 5, 1997
|Priority date
|Mar 5, 1997
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Zhaoguo Jiang, Ming M. Yang, James L. Chao, Bruce M. Harper, Michael A. Russak
|Original Assignee
|Hmt Technology Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (11), Referenced by (10), Classifications (12), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to a device for texturing a disc substrate of the type used in thin-film media, particularly thin-film magnetic recording media.
Many high capacity disc drives in computer systems use thin-film magnetic media for storage of binary encoded data. In a typical disc drive, a magnetic disc is rotated at a high speed and data is written and read by a magnetic head flying above the rotating disc. Typically, the magnetic read/write head rides on a thin cushion of air as it moves along data tracks on the surface of the spinning disc.
In a typical disc drive, the magnetic head rests on an inner, annular landing zone of the disc surface when the drive is not in use. When the drive is turned on for reading or writing data, the disc starts spinning and the head slides along its surface until it lifts away due to air trapped between the disc and the head. When the head reaches its fly height, it is moved radially over a data area on the disc where data is written and read without physical contact by the head. The reverse process occurs when the disc is brought to a stop, where the head is aligned with the landing zone, contact is made with the disc and the head comes to rest.
The topography of the disc surface has important effects on performance of the drive as a whole and on the magnetic recording properties of the disc itself. Texturing or polishing the disc surface with a generally circumferential pattern in the data zone is known to improve the magnetic performance and to increase the potential data density by improving the squareness and orientation ratio of the magnetic layer.
Providing texture in the landing zone has tribological benefits as well, including reducing wear, enhancing lubrication and reducing stiction. Grooves created by abrasion of the disc surface act as reservoirs for a topical lubricant, replenishing the lubricant as it is worn away by contact with the magnetic head. Texturing overcomes stiction by preventing the head from coming into contact with a continuous flat surface when the head is at rest on the disc surface.
It is most often the case that a uniform texture is applied to both the landing zone and the data zone of the disc. However, a single texture does not provide optimum results in both zones. In the data zone, a fine texture to allow for a small head fly height is desired, to enhance magnetic performance. In the landing zone, a rougher texture is desired, to reduce stiction.
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a device for texturing a disc substrate and to provide a device for simultaneous differential texturing on the disc.
In one aspect, the invention includes a texturing device for texturing a disc substrate of the type used in forming a thin-film medium. The device includes a rotatable assembly having (i) a spindle adapted for rotation about a spindle axis, and (ii) a first pad attached to one end of the spindle for rotation therewith. The first pad defines an inner texturing surface substantially normal to the spindle axis. The device also includes an annular ring having a second pad attached on one surface. The ring is mounted on the rotatable assembly for movement thereon toward and away from the first pad, substantially in the direction of the spindle axis. The second pad defines an outer annular texturing surface which encompasses the inner texturing surface, when the ring is fully moved toward the first pad. The outer texturing surface presses against a disc substrate surface with a force that depends on the weight of the ring, when the rotatable assembly is positioned with its inner texturing surface placed against the disc substrate surface.
In one embodiment, the annular ring, when fully moved toward the first pad, mounts on the rotatable assembly for rotation thereon, independent of rotation of the first pad. The device, in this embodiment, further includes a brake in contact with the ring to control rotation of the ring.
In another embodiment, the annular ring, when fully moved toward the first pad, mounts on the rotatable assembly for rotation therewith. In this embodiment, the ring includes a central opening and the spindle engages the central opening. The first pad engages a confronting surface of the ring, securing the ring to the first pad.
According to another embodiment of the invention, a texturing slurry is introduced between the two texturing surfaces through a gap defined by the spindle and an inner edge of the ring and an inner edge of the first pad. The slurry contains abrasive particles having sizes between 0.05-20 microns.
In another embodiment, the device further includes means for biasing the inner texturing surface against the disc substrate, with a load of between 1-30 pounds. The annular ring has a weight of between about 1-30 pounds, in another embodiment.
In another embodiment, the outer annular texturing surface has an area of between 10-100 cm2 and the first and second pads are coaxial. The pads are made of identical materials or of different materials.
The spindle in the device rotates with a speed of between 1-2000 RPM. The ring rotates at a speed of between 1-2000 RPM.
These and other objects and features of the invention will be more fully appreciated when the following detailed description of the invention is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1A-1B show one embodiment of the texturing device of the present invention, in perspective view (FIG. 1A) and in cross section (FIG. 1B);
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a disc substrate for texturing, showing the relative positions of the first and second pads of the device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the device of FIG. 1 additionally including a brake system for controlling the rotational speed of the second pad;
FIGS. 4A-4B show another embodiment of the texturing device of the present invention, in perspective view (FIG. 4A) and in cross section (FIG. 4B);
FIG. 5 shows disc roughness in Å as a function of disc radius in mm for a disc substrate textured according to the FIG. 4 embodiment of the invention; and
FIGS. 6A-6B show disc roughness in Å (FIG. 6A) and cross-hatch angle (FIG. 6B) as a function of disc radius in mm for a disc substrate textured according to the FIG. 3 embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 1A is a schematic view of an apparatus 10 for texturing a surface 12 of a disc substrate 14, of the type used in forming thin-film magnetic recording media, for example, a rigid aluminum substrate plated with nickel/phosphorus. Substrate 14 is carried on a substrate assembly, not shown in the figure, for rotation about a central axis, indicated by a dashed line 16. Such an assembly includes a spindle which is driven by an adjustable motor to vary the speed of disc rotation.
Texturing device 10 includes a rotatable assembly 18 having a spindle 20 which is rotatable about a spindle axis, indicated by the dashed line 22, that is offset from central axis 16. The spindle is driven at a selected speed by a motor (not shown) in the rotatable assembly. Rotatable assembly 18 includes a first texturing pad 24 attached to one end of spindle 20 for rotation therewith. As will be described, first pad 24 defines a texturing surface and, when positioned for a disc texturing operation, contacts the surface of the substrate for texturing.
The rotatable assembly is mounted in the device for shifting toward and away from the disc substrate, that is, in a direction parallel with the axes 16, 22. As seen best in FIG. 1B, pad 24 when moved toward the disc substrate to a texturing position, contacts surface 12 of disc substrate 14, defining an inner texturing surface 27, which is substantially normal to spindle axis 22. The inner texturing surface approximately corresponds to a disc landing zone 28, discussed above and indicated in FIG. 2 by dashed line 30, which represents the boundary between the inner disc landing zone and an outer disc data zone 36.
In one embodiment, the texturing device further includes a means for applying a load to the first pad. For example, a load applied to spindle 20 by mounting a weight to the spindle or by device for applying a selected load in contact with the spindle, such as an air-pressure device, are suitable. Such means for applying a selected load to the spindle are referred to herein as biasing means.
With reference again to FIG. 1A, texturing device 10 also includes an annular ring 32 having a second texturing pad 34 attached on one surface. Second pad 34 defines an outer annular texturing surface 35 which, as seen best in FIG. 2, encompasses the inner texturing surface, for texturing the entire disc surface, e.g., the disc landing zone 28 and data zone 36.
Annular ring 32 is mounted on rotatable assembly 18 for movement thereon toward and away from the first pad, substantially in the direction of the spindle axis 22, as seen most clearly in FIG. 1B. Annular ring 32 in a preferred embodiment is a dead-weight of between about 1-30 pounds. When the annular ring is moved toward the disc substrate, that is, toward the first pad, the ring mounts on the rotatable assembly, as can be appreciated by viewing FIG. 1B, and is spaced from first pad 24 by an outer ring member 26 in the rotatable assembly.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the annular ring, when fully moved toward the first pad, rotates independent of rotation of the first pad. As can be appreciated upon viewing FIGS. 1A-1B, when annular ring 32 is fully moved toward the first pad and is mounted on the rotatable assembly, the second pad contacts the surface of the rotating substrate, for rotation with the substrate and texturing of the substrate surface, as will be described.
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of texturing device 10 where rotation of annular ring 32, and of the second pad attached thereto, is controlled by a brake 40. The brake, operated by an assembly not shown in the figure, presses against annular ring 32 to control rotation of the ring by generating a constant friction on the annular ring. It will also be appreciated that the brake can slow rotation of the ring, and therefore of the second pad, or can intermittently hold and release the annular ring to achieve intermittent rotation of the second pad for intermittent texturing.
The rotation speed of the texturing pads, along with other operational parameters of the texturing device to be discussed, define the texturing pattern achieved.
The texturing device of the present invention provides a means to bring both the inner, first pad and the outer, second pad into contact simultaneously with a substrate for texturing, as can be appreciated by the cross-sectional illustration of the device in FIG. 1B. The two pads are brought into contact with the surface of the substrate by moving the annular ring toward the rotatable assembly until the annular ring mounts on the assembly, as illustrated in FIG. 1B. The annular ring and the rotatable assembly are then brought into contact with the substrate surface by movement of the spindle. The reverse procedure is followed to simultaneously move the pads away from the disc substrate surface.
With reference again to FIG. 1A, a gap 42 is defined by spindle 20 and an inner edge 43 of ring 32 and an inner edge 44 of first pad 24. Gap 42 is for introducing a texturing slurry 45, by a tube 46 or other suitable means, between the inner and outer texturing surfaces. As seen best in FIG. 2, the application of texturing slurry 45 to the disc surface between the two texturing surfaces allows for improved distribution of the slurry between the two pads.
The slurry is typically a particle slurry with abrasive particles having a size of between 0.05-20 microns in diameter. Exemplary abrasive particles include diamond fragments and aluminum oxide particles. An exemplary texturing slurry is one containing diamond particles in a glycol slurry supplied by Coral Chemicals (Paramount, Calif.).
The first and second texturing pads are, in one embodiment, composed of the same material. In another embodiment, the pads are composed of different materials. The selection of a material for each pad is determined according to the desired surface texture. For example, stiff, relatively incompressible pad materials achieve a higher surface roughness than softer, more compressible materials. Incompressible materials are effective to produce relatively deep grooves in the substrate surface, whereas softer materials produce a very shallow-groove in the substrate surface, when the pads are brought into contact with the substrate in the presence of a particle slurry.
Relatively incompressible materials suitable for pads include polyurethane impregnated with polyester-based material. An exemplary pad formed of an incompressible material is a Suba-4™ texturing pad, from Rodel (Scottsdale, Ariz). Softer, more compressible materials suitable for pads include polyester-based materials, such as the Ultrapol™ texturing pad, also available from Rodel.
As discussed above, in a preferred embodiment, the texturing device of the present invention is used to texture a substrate for use in a thin-film magnetic recording medium. These substrates are typically a rigid, disc and two conventional size substrates have outer diameters of 130 and 95 mm (5.1 and 3.74 inches), with corresponding inner diameters of 40 and 25 mm (1.57 and 0.98 inches), respectively. The substrate surface is textured using the device of the present invention, where the first, inner pad typically has an outer diameter of about 0.2-2 inches and the outer pad typically has an outer diameter of about 1.5-5.0 inches.
The texturing device, when the first and second pads are positioned for a texturing operation, simultaneously textures the inner and outer regions of the disc substrate, e.g., the landing zone and the data zone, with different texture patterns. More specifically, the first or inner texture pad textures only the inner landing zone. The second outer pad textures the landing zone and the data zone, since the second pad encompasses the region textured by the inner pad. Important features of the device which permit the simultaneous differential texturing of the disc surface include the use of two texturing pads which can be composed of the same or different materials, the ability to vary the load applied to each pad, introduction of a slurry between the pads and the ability to independently vary the speed and direction of rotation of each pad.
FIGS. 4A-4B show an embodiment of the texturing device where texturing pads in the device rotate at the same speed. Texturing device 50 includes a rotatable assembly 52 composed of a spindle 54 and a first pad 56 attached to one end 54a of the spindle. The assembly includes an annular ring 58 having a second pad 60 attached on one surface 58a of the annular ring.
Spindle 54 takes the configuration of a elongate, rectangular bar having flat sides, such as side 62. Annular ring 58 has a central opening 64 through which spindle 54 inserts. Spindle 54 engages central opening 64 so that annular ring 58, when moved fully toward first pad 56, mounts on the rotatable assembly for rotation therewith. Spindle 54 is rotated by a drive means, not shown in the figure, for rotation about a spindle axis. The first pad, mounted on one end of the spindle, rotates with the spindle. The second pad, mounted on the annular ring, also rotates with the spindle, since the ring is engaged at its central opening with the spindle. A rotating substrate 66 is contacted by the texturing pads for texturing of the substrate surface. The substrate and the pads can rotate in the same directions or in opposite directions.
In the embodiments of the texturing device shown in the above-discussed figures, the first and second pads are coaxial and rotate together. In another embodiment, the first and second pads are arranged in a non-coaxial fashion for texturing the substrate surface. In this embodiment, the first pad, attached to one end of the spindle as described above, rotates about the spindle axis for texturing an inner region of the disc surface. The second pad is attached to one end of a second spindle and drive assembly for rotation about the second spindle axis and for texturing the disc surface. Alignment of the first and second pads with the disc surface is variable according to the desired surface texture.
To produce a textured substrate using the texturing device of the present invention, a substrate is mounted on a spindle. The substrate is preferably a polished aluminum substrate having a nickel/phosphorus plating to achieve a requisite surface hardness.
The operating parameters of the texturing device are selected in accordance with the desired texture pattern, usually defined by the final product requirements, as discussed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,508,077.
The general operating procedure for a texturing operation using the device of the present invention includes selecting the texturing pads and attaching the pads to the spindle and to the annular ring. The disc substrate to be textured is rotated by rotation of the substrate spindle at a speed of typically between 1-2000 RPM. The load applied to each pad is selected, based on the desired surface roughness and material removal rate requirements. The annular ring is moved toward the rotatable assembly and the two pads are brought into contact with the surface of the rotating substrate. The rotation of the two pads is maintained at the desired speed, typically between 0-2000 rpm, preferably between 0-500 rpm. The texturing slurry is introduced between the pads and the substrate surface and texturing is performed for the desired time, typically 5-120 seconds.
In experiments performed in support of the present invention, a nickel\phosphorus plated aluminum substrate was textured using the texturing device described herein. Texturing was performed using a first pad composed of polyurethane impregnated with polyester-based material and a second pad composed of polyester and polyamide fibers. The second pad had a load of 6 pounds applied by means of an annular ring having a weight of 6 pounds. The inner pad had an applied load of 3 pounds by a biasing means on the spindle. The substrate was rotated at a speed of 1000 rpm and the first pad was rotated at a speed of 5 rpm by rotation of the spindle. The second pad, when in contact with the substrate, rotated freely with the substrate. The substrate and the first pad were rotated in the opposite directions and the substrate surface was textured for 25 seconds.
The surface features of a textured substrate can be quantified by standard interferometry methods, in which the heights at many positions over the surface of the substrate is measured, and these coordinates are used to construct a three-dimensional topographic map of the surface. The interferometry measurements and calculations can be performed by commercially available interferometers, equipped with known microcomputer capability for calculating standardized average surface roughness, number of summits and maximum peak to valley distance, in a direction normal to the plane of the disc, over a given area, typically about 50μ2. A summit is a peak that is at least a predetermined amount higher than the four nearest peaks. One interferometer which is suitable for this purpose is a Mirau Interferometer, Model Topo 3D, obtained from WYKO (Tucson, Ariz.).
Alternatively, the measurements may be taken with a contact profilometer. The profilometer consists of a stylus tip, typically diamond, which is dimensioned to follow the contour of the surface features of the disc. The stylus is slidably moved along a portion of the disc surface, usually over about a 1,000μ interval, and the displacement of the stylus tip is recorded. One such device is available from Dektack.
Surface roughness is the arithmetic mean roughness value, calculated from the integral of the absolute value of peak or valley with respect to a center line, according to standard methods.
FIG. 5 shows disc surface roughness in Å as a function of disc radius in mm for a disc substrate textured using the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, where the annular ring is engaged by the spindle for rotation of the first and second pads at the same speed. The substrate was textured for 25 seconds, after which surface roughness was determined. The figure shows that surface roughness in the landing zone or inner diameter region of the disc, e.g., at a disc radius of less than about 20 mm, is 4-5 times greater than the roughness of the disc surface in the outer, data zone, e.g., at a disc radius of greater than about 20 mm. The texture generated by the device of the invention provides a sharp transition between the two textured regions to maximize disc data zone area and provides a greater roughness in inner landing zone to minimize stiction with the read/write head.
In another experiment performed in support of the invention, a nickel/phosphorus plated aluminum substrate was textured using the embodiment of the texturing device shown in FIG. 3, where the rotational speed of the outer pad is controlled by a brake system. In this experiment, the first pad was composed of polyurethane impregnated with polyester-based material and the second pad was composed of polyester and polyamide fibers. As in the previous example, a load of 6 pounds was applied to the second pad and a load of 3 pounds was applied to the first pad. The substrate was rotated at a speed of 1000 rpm and the first pad was rotated at a speed of 5 rpm by rotation of the spindle. The second pad was rotated at a speed of 5 rpm. The substrate surface was textured for 25 seconds.
The surface features of the textured substrate were evaluated by determining surface-roughness, discussed above, and the average cross-hatch angle as a function of disc radius. The cross-hatch angle is taken as the angle a texture groove or particle trace makes with a second groove or trace crossing at the same point. Cross-hatch angle is measured by visualization of the textured surface under an optical microscope with 300� magnification at several radial positions.
The results are shown in FIGS. 6A-6B, where FIG. 6A is a plot of roughness in Å and FIG. 6B is a plot of cross-hatch angle, both as a function of disc radius in mm. FIG. 6A shows that the surface roughness is 4-5 times greater in the inner diameter region of the disc than in the outer diameter region. FIG. 6B shows that the inner annular landing zone of the disc has a crosshatch angle of about 30� and, after an abrupt transition over about 2 mm, the cross-hatch angle falls to zero. That is, the circumferentially-textured outer annular data zone had no cross-hatching.
From the foregoing, it can be appreciated how various features and objects of the invention are met. The texturing device of the present invention provides for texturing the surface of a disc substrate with a dual-zone texture on the surface. That is, the inner, annular region of the disc is textured to have a greater roughness and cross-hatching than the outer, annular region of the disc. The differential texturing achievable with the device is provided by several of the device features, including the use of two pads which can rotate at the same speed or at different speeds. The load applied to each pad is easily varied, as is the speed and direction of rotation of each pad. The annular ring, which provides a dead-weight load to the second, outer pad, is simple in construction and easily interchangeable with rings of different weights. A texturing slurry is introduced between the two pads, for improved distribution between the inner and outer texturing surfaces.
Although the invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 3, 1970
|Oct 12, 1971
|Metabowerke Kg
|Reciprocating finishing apparatus
|Jan 11, 1982
|Feb 14, 1984
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Apparatus and method for burnishing magnetic disks
|Feb 2, 1990
|Feb 23, 1993
|Speedfam Corporation
|Circumferential pattern finishing machine
|Jul 16, 1990
|Mar 30, 1993
|Diskus Werke Frankfurt Am Main Aktiengesellschaft
|Finish-machining machine
|Jul 19, 1994
|Feb 14, 1995
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Abrasive article
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 1, 1998
|Aug 1, 2000
|Molecular Optoelectronics Corporation
|Polishing fixture and method
|Jun 12, 2000
|May 29, 2001
|Molecular Optoelectronics Corporation
|Polishing method for a device
|Jan 24, 2000
|Jun 19, 2001
|Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing Ltd.
|CMP uniformity
|Oct 5, 1999
|Feb 5, 2002
|Peter Mok
|Chemical-mechanical polishing apparatus with circular motion pads
|Sep 29, 1998
|Feb 19, 2002
|Vsli Technology, Inc.
|Slurry dispensing carrier ring
|Sep 22, 2006
|Apr 1, 2008
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Test method to measure lubricant mobility on a hard drive disk
|Jul 10, 2006
|Apr 14, 2009
|Maxtor Corporation
|Reduction of high-frequency electromagnetic emission quasi-peaks from disk drives
|Aug 9, 2010
|Jun 23, 2015
|Sandisk Semiconductor (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
|Extrinsic gettering on semiconductor devices
|Nov 21, 2006
|May 31, 2007
|Osamu Nabeya
|Polishing apparatus
|Sep 22, 2006
|Mar 27, 2008
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Test method to measure lubricant mobility on a hard drive disk
|U.S. Classification
|451/285, 451/550, 451/287, 451/65, 451/41, 451/63
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 7, 1997
Owner name: HMT TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JIANG, ZHAOGUO;YANG, MING M.;CHAO, JAMES L.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:008832/0653
Effective date: 19970227
|Apr 9, 2002
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jun 5, 2002
Owner name: KOMAG, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:HMT TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:012946/0401
Effective date: 20001215
|Sep 23, 2002
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Nov 19, 2002
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20020922

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Rocco's Italian-American: More Than 150 Recipes from Rocco and Mamaby Rocco DiSpirito
The star of NBC's reality show The Restaurant dishes up the mouthwatering Italian classics that made his TV show and eateries so hot.
A delicious collection of timeless family recipesincluding Mamma's Meatballsfrom culinary superstar Rocco DiSpirito!
Superstar chef Rocco DiSpirito made a name for himself by taking flavor where it had/b>/b>
The star of NBC's reality show The Restaurant dishes up the mouthwatering Italian classics that made his TV show and eateries so hot.
A delicious collection of timeless family recipesincluding Mamma's Meatballsfrom culinary superstar Rocco DiSpirito!
Superstar chef Rocco DiSpirito made a name for himself by taking flavor where it had never gone before. But this decorated chef who blazed through the Culinary Institute of America and burst onto New York's fine dining scenelanding himself on the cover of Gourmetactually honed his taste buds on the timeless Italian recipes handed down through his family for generations. Rocco's Italian-American lifts the lid on these age-old meals and shares their secrets, as well as the histories and family traditions that go along with them.
More than just a cookbook, Rocco's Italian-American is a celebration of the family recipes and experiences of one immigrant family in New York and is sure to become a classic. It is also filled with the wisdom of Rocco's Mamma, who is beloved by the millions who know her from her television appearances.
Each delicious recipe includes a personal note on the dish, a story associated with it, or a variation preferred by certain relatives. The book is organized by parts of the meal (antipasto, soup, pasta, fish, meat, salad, bread, sweets, and holiday menus). Rocco describes the techniques of the Italian-American kitchen and instructs on the indispensable ingredients, such as tomatoes, olive oil, basil, and beans. The book is lavishly illustrated with (old and new) photos and other artifacts and mementos from his family's treasure chest, including maps, handwritten recipes, and childhood drawings.
Now for the first time, Rocco shares his favorite family recipes, including:
- Mamma's Meatballs
- Mamma's Frittata
- Sardines with Fennel and Orange
- Farfalle with Grilled Sausage, Fennel, and Baby Artichoke
- Rabbit Cacciatore
- Red Snapper and Heirloom Tomatoes Poached in Olive Oil
- Asparagus with Besciamella
- Poached Cherries with Ricotta Gelato and Toasted Pandoro
Editorial Reviews
Product Details
- 9780786868575
- Publisher:
- Hachette Books
- Publication date:
- 11/03/2004
- Pages:
- 288
- Product dimensions:
- 7.32(w) x 9.32(h) x 1.25(d)
- Age Range:
- 13 - 18 Years
Meet the Author
Rocco DiSpirito, chef and proprietor of Manhattan's Union Pacific and Rocco's 22nd Street restaurants, attended the Culinary Institute of America at age sixteen, then studied at the Jardin de Cynge in Paris. He worked at the Adrienne in New York; was chef de partie at Aujourd'hui in Boston; and was part of Lespinasse's opening team. In 1997, Rocco opened Union Pacific, and in 2003, he opened Rocco's 22nd Street, which was featured in the NBC series The Restaurant. His first cookbook, Flavor, won a James Beard Foundation Award.
Nina Lalli is a recent graduate of Oberlin College. She was part of the opening team at Rocco's 22nd Street, where she created La Gazzetta, the daily fake newspaper on the back of the menu. Nina is a freelance writer and lives in Brooklyn, New York.
Customer Reviews
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text:
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Forum indexCanon PowerShot TalkChange forum
Canon PowerShot A560 review
Started Dec 4, 2008 | User reviews thread
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Zbynek Ltd • New Member • Posts: 2
Canon PowerShot A560 review
Dec 4, 2008 • Review of Canon PowerShot A560
Nice Camera for beginers.
1. I use only NiMH accus AA. Information about low batteries is shown after about 50 pictures. But I made _next_ 550 pictures! On BRAND NEW GP, Sanyo or Energizer. You will never know when your accus are empty or not, what outside home can be very unpleasant.
2. Not working at all even on expensive accus which are in good condition. They MUST be in excellent condition - just brand new. Electronic construction is made only for batteries, which have higher voltage than accus.
This is in many cameras A560. So this is wrong engineering construction. Not correctable by service. Don't expect miracles for that prise - just cheep camera for beginners.
7 megapixels • 2.5″ screen • 35 – 140 mm (4×)
Announced: Feb 22, 2007
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Guru3D.com » Files » OpenAL
SB X-Fi Beta with OpenAL 2.09.0001
Posted by: Hilbert Hagedoorn on: 05/30/2006 09:30 AM [ 0 comment(s) ]
This download is a beta driver for Creative Sound Blaster® X-Fi. It is not fully tested. This download provides full OpenAL 1.1 support for gamers. For more details, read the rest of this web release note.
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text:
Sandy, on 06 February 2012 - 06:29 PM, said:
I've been enjoying this little show, but I think it's time to face the facts: you're not going to evade getting lynched, and we innocents have won this game.
Can I shake your hand for good sportmanship?
You're not a virgin! Who do you think you're fooling with this! You're the traitor - it's obvious!
But yes, I'll shake your hand and say, "Good game, traitor. You almost got away with it."


text:
"Calling Joseph Bottum's The Christmas Plains a classic wouldn't do it justice. This is simply a superb piece of writing—elegant, evocative, funny and absolutely memorable. Anyone who loves Christmas—and who with a young heart doesn't?—needs to read, and reread, and share this wonderfully vivid collection of Christmas memories."
—Archbishop Charles J. Chaput, author of A Heart on Fire and Render Unto Caesar
"Evocative, insightful, and above all, beautifully written."
—George Weigel, author of the bestselling Witness to Hope and Tranquillitas Ordinis: The Present Failure and Future Promise of American Catholic Thought on War and Peace
"If you haven't read Joseph Bottum on Christmas—on any subject, for that matter—The Christmas Plains will be a wonderful discovery. If you have, you already know the pleasure you'll get from his stories. Christmas brings tidings of joy, he writes, but not always comfort 'in the modern sense' of ease and relaxation. Joy is an activity—'something we do,' Jody writes—but comfort is 'an aspiration that can never be fulfilled short of the grave.' Thanks to The Christmas Plains, I'll keep this distinction in mind when the frenzy of the Christmas season arrives."
—Fred Barnes, executive editor, The Weekly Standard
"In The Christmas Plains, Joseph Bottum draws on the memorable characters and haunting landscapes of his South Dakota youth to weave a richly textured reflection on the meaning of Christmas. Using his considerable talents as a storyteller and spiritual writer, Bottum affirms a truth as old as the Christmas story itself: God's grace can reach us through surprising means – including the follies, disappointments, and delights of the Christmas season."
—Colleen Carroll Campbell, author of My Sisters the Saints
"Christmas, unwrapped and lifted high, in all its giddy, glistening glory."
—Nancy Tillman, author of the bestselling On the Night you were Born and The Crown on Your Head


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Synonyms of foolery in English:
we had to endure his foolery all afternoon
clowning, fooling, tomfoolery, hoaxing, mischief, buffoonery, silliness, silly behaviour, skylarking, horseplay;
foolishness, stupidity, idiocy
informal larking around, larks, shenanigans
British informal monkey tricks
North American informal didoes
archaic harlequinade
Definition of foolery in:
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In the spring of 2004, the Royals gave their pre-arbitration shortstop an $11m, 4 year contract extension.
This afternoon, the Royals gave their pre-arbitration shortstop a $10.5m, 4 year extension.
Last time around, the Royals were re-upping the reigning AL Rookie of the Year Angel Berroa who has just finished his first full season with a .287/.338/.451 slash line to go along with 17 homers, 21 stolen bases, 28 doubles, 7 triples a 101 oPS+ and a .344 wOBA. Berroa would never again match any single one of those numbers. 2003 was a down year for AL rookies so there was little argument over the choice of Berroa and he was seen as having a bright future even if he was never likely to be an MVP contender. The contract looked pretty good at the time – giving the Royals some cost certainty and the player some security.
Although you could argue Berroa earned the balance of that contract purely with his efforts in his rookie season, the deal was clearly a poor one for the Royals. However, the deal they inked today with Alcides Escobar should represent decent value.
Escobar has never had an offense season anything close to Berroa's 2003 – his career .294 OBA is pretty awful – but he's already a far superior defensive shortstop than Berroa ever was. $10.5 million over 4 years for possibly elite defensive shortstop, even one that barely hits, is pretty good value for the Royals. To compare it again to the Berroa deal, the Royals have actually managed to buck 8 years worth of contract inflation to sign Escobar to a slightly cheaper deal than they gave Berroa.
The likelihood is that Escobar never gets much past 'below average' at the plate, but as long as he's strong defensively this isn't the worst deal in the world. If, as many expect, the Royals are contenders in 2-3 years and are in a position to upgrade at shortstop then this deal means Escobar should be easy enough to trade. Alternatively, they could move him to a backup role and not be weighed down by the deal. The best case scenario is that Escobar makes some offensive improvements while maintaing his defensive skills and the Royals can exercise one or both of the club options which cover his first two years of free agency. As with the recent Salvador Perez extension, there's very little downside here for the club.
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Dr. Steinbaum graduated from the A.T. Still University of Health Sciences/ Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine in 1994. She works in New York, NY and 2 other locations and specializes in Cardiovascular Disease. Dr. Steinbaum is affiliated with Flushing Hospital Medical Center, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Lenox Hill Hospital and North Shore University Hospital.
Cardiovascular Disease
Medical School: A.T. Still University of Health Sciences/ Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine; Graduated 1994
Please verify insurance information directly with your doctor's office as it may change frequently.
*This physician has multiple office locations. See Office Information for details.
240 E 68th St
New York, NY 10065
150 E 71st St FL 1
New York, NY 10021
331 E 71st St Ste 1B
New York, NY 10021
215 E 72nd St Ground Fl
New York, NY 10021
210 E 73rd St Ste 1-C
New York, NY 10021


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Fullmetal Alchemist (2003–2004)
Episode List
Season 1
4 Oct. 2003To Challenge the Sun
A lead on the Philosopher's Stone leads the Elric brothers to a remote desert city whose citizens worship a sun god and are led by a prophet who is purported to perform miracles.
11 Oct. 2003Body of the Sanctioned
Knowing the truth behind the prophet's power, the Elrics seek to unseat him and reveal the truth to the citizens of that desert city. They also seek to steal the source of the power for themselves, until they discover a secret about it that even the prophet didn't know.
18 Oct. 2003Mother
A young Ed and Al are determined to bring back their dead mother, who was their pillar of strength in light of their absent father and war struck country.
25 Oct. 2003A Forger's Love
While on their way to seek out an important man from their childhood, Ed and Al come across a town haunted by a ghostly woman.
1 Nov. 2003The Man with the Mechanical Arm
The Elric brothers hop aboard a train to Central City and quickly find themselves defending the passengers -- including General Haruko -- from terrorists.
8 Nov. 2003The Alchemy Exam
Once in Central City, Ed and Al move into the vast mansion of the Sewing-Life Alchemist Shou Tucker and begin to prepare for the Alchemy exam.
15 Nov. 2003Night of the Chimera's Cry
Now an official state alchemist, Ed takes a closer look at Tucker's chimera experiments and begins to realize that something wrong has been going on.
22 Nov. 2003The Philosopher's Stone
A disheartened Ed resigns from his position as State Alchemist just as Winry arrives into town to visit. Winry however, may end up as the next victim of the city's serial killer.
29 Nov. 2003Be Thou for the People
Ed and Al go on assignment to inspect a small mining colony and discover its inhabitants are being heavily taxed by a tyrannical military Lieutenant and his Alchemist.
6 Dec. 2003The Phantom Thief
While trying to avoid their meeting with Mustang, Ed and Al end up in a small town and become embroiled in a manhunt for a female Robin Hood.
13 Dec. 2003The Other Brothers Elric: Part 1
The Elric brothers head to Xenotime in hopes of finding the Philosopher's Stone, but instead find two brothers who've stolen their identity and are poisoning the town with strange red water.
20 Dec. 2003The Other Brothers Elric: Part 2
Ed and Al uncover a conspiracy involving the Tringham brothers' father, his involvement with the red water and the disease that's stricken Xenotime.
27 Dec. 2003Fullmetal vs. Flame
Just in time for his annual Assessment, Ed challenges Mustang to a fight. If Ed wins, Roy must tell the truth about the traveling doctor who saved children in Xenotime.
10 Jan. 2004Destruction's Right Hand
While the shape-shifting Envy disguises himself as Cornello, Ed and Al find Marcoh and learn about the Stone's involvement in the Ishbal Rebellion.
17 Jan. 2004The Ishbal Massacre
As the Strong Arm Alchemist defends against the surrounding chaos, Marcoh reveals to the Elrics the vast atrocities of the Ishbal massacre.
24 Jan. 2004That Which Is Lost
As Marcoh faces a deadly encounter with Lust, Armstrong and the Elrics flee to Resembool. Ed however, gets sent into a rage when they lose Al in the process.
5 Mar. 2005House of the Waiting Family
The hobbled Elrics return to their childhood village for the first time in four years. As the Rockbells construct Ed's new limbs, the boys sift through the ashes they left behind. While Al comes to the fearful realization that his memories are fading, Ed visits his mother's grave, and both must redefine their view of family and home.
7 Feb. 2004Marcoh's Notes
Ed and Al are forced to go in search of another source for Marcoh's books after Lust, Gluttony and Scar burn the first Branch Library to the ground.
14 Feb. 2004The Truth Behind Truths
Ed and Al are horrified when they learn what the key ingredient in making a Philospher's stone is, but they forge ahead to explore an abandoned lab.
21 Feb. 2004Soul of the Guardian
Ed and Al square up against two guards that are just like Al; souls bound to armored suits. Ed however, may be in trouble as his auto mail malfunctions.
28 Feb. 2004The Red Glow
Barry sets off explosions that inadvertently free the homonculus Greed and the other prisoners. Shou Tucker returns from the dead in a surprising new form.
6 Mar. 2004Created Human
As Envy (in the form of Basque Grand) gathers the human ingredients to form the stone, Maes Hughes sets out to rescue the Elrics from laboratory 5.
16 Apr. 2005Heart of Steel
After the explosive finale to Lab Five, Ed and Al wake up in the hospital, once again in pieces. Winry travels to Central to make repairs, and is enraged by the brothers' refusal to tell her the truth about their lives. Meanwhile, Al's recurring questions about his existence come to a boil. Was there ever an Alphonse Elric? Or are his memories and soul alchemically created lies?
23 Apr. 2005Bonding Memories
As Al runs from Ed and Winry, desperate to know the truth about what he is, mercenaries swoop into the Ishbalan encampment where Scar is recovering and massacre helpless refugees-an attack the military may have condoned. In a chain of events, Al finds himself side by side with Scar, on a renegade mission against the state that Ed represents.
30 Apr. 2005Words of Farewell
Ed and Al claim they've quit their search for the Philosopher's Stone and board a train heading south. Meanwhile, Lieutenant Colonel Hughes' investigation of Lab Five leads him to a startling discovery of military corruption and conspiracy that could topple the entire national government-- and put Hughes in considerable danger.
7 May 2005Kanojo no riyû
Winry drags Ed and Al to the famous Rush Valley, the auto-mail capital of the world, where mechanical limbs are a shockingly common sight. Amidst workshops and street-smart swindlers, they encounter a tough girl named Paninya, who confronts Winry with an important question: Why is she helping Ed, if he doesn't even care?
17 Sep. 2005Teacher
Ever since Ed and Al attempted human transmutation, they have desperately avoided one person: their childhood teacher, Izumi. Bearing dreadlocks, an iron will, and incredible alchemic skills, she is horrified that Ed and Al used her teachings to violate nature. Now she has caught them, and is shipping them back to her hometown for a frightening interrogation.
24 Sep. 2005All Is One, One Is All
It was the only clue Izumi offered, as she dumped young Ed and Al on the island of Yock: "One is All, All is One." It was perhaps the most ancient tenant of alchemy, but what did it mean? And how would it help these children survive in this savage place-with no food, no shelter, and a beast lurking in the woods? Years later, the lesson must be relearned.
1 Oct. 2005The Untainted Child
As the Elric brothers are leaving Yock Island, a strange boy emerges from the foliage, with no memory of how he arrived. Inexplicably, he can perform alchemy without a transmutation circle. Even stranger, he can transmute his own body, merging with his surroundings! Izumi is compelled to take care of the child, but Ed has other plans.
8 Oct. 2005Nanpô shireibu shûgeki
The search for Scar gets a forward leap as a former military officer spots him in the southern slums. Elsewhere, the amoral Lt. Colonel Archer makes his move for the mysterious wild boy, who he believes is a homunculus conspirator. Infuriated by the arrest, Izumi leaps into action, single-handedly attacking the military with her staggering alchemic power.
15 Oct. 2005Sin
In the chaos of the crumbling headquarters, Izumi successfully escapes with the boy. But it's too late-Envy has revealed the truth to the homunculus child, and his personality is quickly changing. With Izumi's secrets exposed as well, the Elric Brothers try to stop her heartbroken plan of atonement, converging on a cold stone altar on a lonely island.
22 Oct. 2005Dante of the Deep Forest
After a dangerous battle with Wrath, Izumi has all she can take of Ed and Al's reckless pursuit of their goal. She sends them to meet Dante, the alchemist who taught Izumi decades ago, and also knew their father. But there is little time for idle chat, as Envy, Sloth and Greed have all entered the vicinity.
29 Oct. 2005Al, Captured
The boys are separated when kidnappers take Al to their hideout, leaving Ed frantic to find his brother. Izumi steps in to help her protégés as always, and finds they've learned something from life she could never have taught them alone...responsibility.
5 Nov. 2005Theory of Avarice
Major Armstrong battles Greed's men in the sewers in an attempt to save Al, while up above, Ed escapes the military's clutches for a showdown with Greed. As Lust suggests the battle is part of some larger plan, Greed morphs his body into an impervious shield, and swears Ed must kill him if he wants to see Al again. But is there another way?
12 Jun. 2004Reunion of the Fallen
With everyone reeling after the fight between Ed and Greed, Lust can't shake two questions from her mind. Where did she come from? And where will she go when she is dead? As if to answer, she sees a familiar man in a crowd. Years ago, she helped him use alchemy to combat a strange plague that was turning villagers into stone. And his mere presence produces unexplainable memories of a former life.
19 Nov. 2005The Sinner Within
Ed, Al, and Winry continue on their journey to Ishbal, uncovering more of the mystery as they travel along. But how much do Ed and Al really want to know? Are they ready to hear the truth? Lust and Gluttony meet Wrath for the first time and quickly set out on the Elric Brother's trail. Will Ed and Al reach their destination before they're overtaken? And if they do, are they ready for what they'll find?
26 Nov. 2005The Flame Alchemist, the Bachelor Lieutenant, and the Mystery of Warehouse 13
Someone high up the military ladder has ordered an investigation on Colonel Mustang. What follows is a one-of-a-kind look into the daily affairs of the Flame Alchemist and his loyal (and often ridiculous) staff. Is there a haunted warehouse in Central full of soldier-killing zombies? Is Havoc lonely? Does Major Armstrong have a sister?
3 Dec. 2005With the River's Flow
Forced to go on foot after their vehicle explodes, Al questions Ed for the first time about the direction of their mission, prompting a heated brawl that sends the brothers stomping off in opposite directions. Back in Central, Sciezka and Winry follow the clues that Hughes left behind, and come face to face with the deadly, shape-shifting Sloth.
10 Dec. 2005Secret of Ishbal
With the half-snake, half-woman Marta as their guide, Ed and Al arrive at the ruins of Ishbal. Their shock at the devastation is magnified as Marta divulges the real cause of the Ishbalan war, and the dark series of events that led to her transformation into a chimera. Once again, Ed and Al must question everything they believed.
17 Dec. 2005The Scar
Marta has found Kimbley, whose betrayal led to the death of her friends. Realizing revenge is pointless, Al tries to stop Marta, and jumps into the fight. In Liore, Ed goes head to head with Scar, and uncovers the full truth behind his past. Finally, in a heart-wrenching exchange, the identity of the Seventh Sin will be revealed, and a friend of the Elrics will die.
7 Jan. 2006Holy Mother
Massive bloodshed seems inevitable in the mounting stand-off between Scar and the military. As Ed tries to get the Liore people out of the city before the destructive alchemic reaction begins, he is confronted by Wrath and Sloth. And back in the heart of Liore, Scar, Kimbley and Al are enmeshed in a climactic battle that none of them may survive.
14 Jan. 2006His Name Is Unknown
Scar emerges from the grisly battle, determined to create the Philosopher's Stone using Archer's soldiers as the final ingredients. Desperate to stop the massacre, Ed continues his underground fight in hopes of reaching the surface in time. And Lust follows Scar through Liore's war-torn streets, seeking the final truths about Scar's origin before he performs his ultimate transmutation.
21 Jan. 2006The Stray Dog
In the aftermath of the Philosopher's Stone creation, Ed and Al embark on a dangerous journey home. The Fuhrer declares the Elrics to be fugitives of the state, responsible for the deaths of nearly a thousand soldiers, and wants them captured-- dead or alive. Can Mustang's troops intercept the boys before they fall into the wrong hands?
28 Jan. 2006Hohenheim of Light
With the mastermind behind the seven sins organizing a plan to capture the boys as well, Ed and Al must convince Mustang's faction that the Fuhrer is not what he seems. The strange reappearance of their father only complicates things further, as we learn he has his own score to settle...one that goes to root of this entire conspiracy.
4 Feb. 2006A Rotted Heart
The confrontation between Hohenheim and the leader of the Homonculi continues, and we finally discover the "truth behind truths." As Al receives a mysterious phone call, Ed proves he will do whatever it takes to stop the Homunculi-even defile his mother's grave. And back in Central, Colonel Mustang decides to challenge the entire military leadership on his own.
11 Feb. 2006Human Transmutation
The brothers are separated, and both are in peril. Al meets with the increasingly deranged Tucker, while Ed returns to Dante's mansion for any clue that could lead him to the Homunculi's leader. Meanwhile, the Fuhrer sends Mustang and Armstrong to command his northern campaign. Will the boys have to fend for themselves in this increasingly dangerous struggle?
18 Feb. 2006Sealing the Homunculus
Tucker used Al's power in a new attempt to resurrect his daughter, and the transmutation has disintegrated part of Al's armor. Anxious to stop the Philosopher's Stone from losing more potency, Sloth captures Al. But Ed arrives to stop her. With Sloth, Wrath, and Lust all on the scene-and all with different motives- it's time for a homunculi showdown.
25 Feb. 2006Goodbye
Al is in the hands of the homunculi, and Ed has precious little time to find him. Nearby, Mustang reveals his daring strategy, turning the Fuhrer's attempt to silence him into a push for revolution. After a rapid chain of events, Ed and Mustang find themselves in a car together, giving the two stubborn alchemists a chance to close old wounds.
4 Mar. 2006The Other Side of the Gate
What is the real secret to alchemy? What fuels transmutations? Is Equivalent Exchange the defining principle of the world, or a fabrication that give false hope to the weak? All answers will be revealed, as the confrontation with the homunculi's leader sends Ed to a place that could shatter his entire understanding of alchemy: the other side of the Gate.
11 Mar. 2006Death
Ed returns from beyond the Gate, leaping into a desperate battle with Envy to stop the mastermind and set Al free. But can Ed deal with Envy's true form? In the Fuhrer's mansion, it's the Ultimate Eye against Flame: Mustang versus Pride. The future of the state is on the line, and an alchemist is going to die.
18 Mar. 2006Laws and Promises
The Elric brothers have been on a long and difficult journey, seeking to regain what they've lost. Enemies have been toppled, friends have been buried, and the state has been remade. But it's not over yet. In this climactic final chapter, Equivalent Exchange gains new meaning, as Ed and Al demonstrate how much they will sacrifice for each other.
Season 1


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John Galliano continued in his voguish vagabond theme for Maison Margiela resort 2017, though slightly more athletic — and now with a buzzy accessory...
They're intended to inspire, and inspire they do. Here, our WOA (work of art) picks from the Paris men's shows...
Thom Browne's show started with a voiceover: "Good evening, everyone. This is Thom Browne. Before we start, I thought it would be appropriate to observe a moment of silence for the incomparable Bill Cunningham." In its obituary, the New York Times noted that the photographer, an outstandingly dedicated follower of fashion, resisted the trends of celebrity dressing.
Following the appointment of Bouchra Jarrar as the new womenswear artistic director, and Lucas Ossendrijver celebrating his tenth anniversary on the men's side, it is no surprise that all eyes were on Lanvin's men's show today. Jarrar sat front row with her family, eager to show her support, in another change in venue, this time in the cavernous industrial contemporary-art mecca Palais de Tokyo.
Attending Kris Van Assche's first show for his now-defunct eponymous label at the Espace Commines back in 2005, it was obvious that he had client-pleasing on his mind, that he was no "three-sleeve jacket designer." Eleven years later, ensconced in his plum job at Dior Homme (quite a feat in an era of designer musical chairs), he still basically has the same message. His shows don't contain concepts that few understand.
In her own fashionable way, Sacai's Chitose Abe sought to bring love and joy to the world — a "horrowshow" — for spring. She colorized military items — boiler suit, MA1 jacket — in bright pink, stitched pineapple motifs into mohair sweaters, modernized Mexican ponchos, joined Afghan detailing and British paisley, and applied clusters of slogan-less velvet pins to jackets.
As far as I know, the first and last time a fashion show doubled as a wedding ceremony was back in 2011 at Imitation of Christ in New York, when Tara Subkoff orchestrated a wedding between Lydia Hearst and actor Miles Fischer, which turned out to be a fake.
Translating Ann Demeulemeester's dark and poetic message for a new generation is Sébastien Meunier's task at the house the cult namesake designer left two years ago.
Winning the award for most lo-fi invitation of the season, with what looked like a badly transmitted fax on slippery thermal paper, Rei Kawakubo, founder and head of Comme des Garçons was firing shots. In an unusually vocal collection, loaded with phrases such as 'The King is Naked Shout Out Aloud', 'It's My Fashion,' and 'Pride Before the Fall' she utilized the moral of Hans Christian Andersen's cautionary tale The Emperor's New Clothes.


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Hope you are well, sir!
Liam Lynch does a rap solo in a museum
- Art Scientist., present
The Dove Real Beauty Sketches campaign encourages women to reassess how they see themselves.
Mark Wahlberg talks to animals
Mark Wahlberg talks to animals! :D
Pizza Boomerang
like us at www.facebook.com/SofaExperienceCommunications further information at www.pizzaboomerang.com Producción de Sofa Experience Communi
ACT NOW: Canadian DMCA To Be Expedited Into Law
On September 29th, 2011 the Government reintroduced the Copyright Modernization Act, Bill C-11 (previously Bill C-32). The Government which
SNK's new Neo Geo: 20 retro classics in one modern handheld
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Popped Culture: Vicious Vangogh
"I've only been in love with a beer bottle and a mirror." — Sid Vicious. Vicious Vangogh by Dave MacDowell, for the WWA Galler
Electronic ornament will definitely put [Dave] on Santa's "naughty" list...
[Dave Vandenbout] says that his sister has gotten big on Christmas traditions, and decided that the whole family should start making ornamen
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Don't drag her into this.
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Brent Make Art Go: Lloyd Robertson vs. A Manticore
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Sarah Palin Movie Debuts to Empty Theater in Orange County
"Why aren't you seeing Harry Potter?" an usher said to the reporter sitting alone in the audience


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Read the July issue of Petfood Industry!
July 2016
The July 2016 issue of Petfood Industry covers a Canadian specialty pet food company with a "quality first, pets first" philosophy behind all of its products.
The Flexicon Corp. Flexi-Disc Tubular Cable Conveyors use high-strength polymer discs, affixed to a stainless steel or galvanized cable, that slide within stainless steel tubing to move fragile food products. The conveyors can move products horizontally, vertically, or at any angle through small holes in walls or ceiling. With the ability to have a single or multiple inlets and outlets, the Tubular Cable Conveyor can cover short distance or hundreds of feet.


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Stayed here for 3 days Sept in Single room on 4th floor.. Observations as follows. LOCATION - Excellent - quiet street in a nice residential area (behind the Marriot Hotel) beside Vondlepark & 2-3 mins from Leidseplien & museum areas, 20 mins walk to Dam Sq or catch trams 1,2 or 5 from Leidsplien. STAFF - Very friendly & helpful. BREAKFAST - was OK - continental (cheese, meat, cereal, bread & tinned fruit salad, juice & coffee - would've been better with bowls of various fruit though ). ROOM - Small & compact (as are all in Amsterdam), Double bed which was comfortable, toilet / shower room, safe, 1 wardrobe, TV, Mini Bar (which I didn't use as there was a well stocked AH supermarket nearby), ceiling fan which was handy as was very humid. Bit disappointed no kettle or facility to make coffee or tea (which could be bought from reception) which would've been good & standard to me for the price paid. Cleanliness - ended up with couple of bed bug bites but that can happen in the cleanest of hotels too. SECURITY - Good - own key to get in after 12, window lock / fitting in room 37 was old & loose & could easily be broken but as room was on 4th floor, I wasn't too concerned unless Spiderman decided to break in.. VALUE - Average - disappointed but poss not the staffs fault, more website "Easytobook". Original initial price for 3 days was £169 / 197 euro, (late deal 1 day before arriving), final price (including 6% tax ) rose to 210 euro.. At hotel final price (adding 5.5% "city tax" ) rose to 233 euro / £203. I queried that 5.5% of 210 was 11.5 euro?. Staff stated that Easytobook display it wrongly & correct price was 233 euro?.. For a hotel of this standard I would normally only pay £50/55 per night Maximum so paying nearly £70 a night, after all the Easytobook "add on's" was I felt too much but time pressures meant booking was made but Easytobook should only display a correct final price & not a misleading one.. OVERALL - a nice little place in a great location but next time I would look elsewhere personally unless a better deal as hotel was not full.... Give it a try though..
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7 years of experience
Libertyville, IL 60048 Phone number & directions
A medical license is required for a doctor to practice medicine in a particular state. Requirements vary by state but most require, at a minimum, post-graduate training in the doctor's specific specialty. An NPI number is a national identifier unique to an individual health care provider and is managed by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).
Learn more about Dr. Jai Shah:
View the full profile to get information on:
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Patient Reviews
The overall average patient rating of Dr. Jai Shah is Average.
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Skin Cancer Patient Education Read about Melanoma, basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma types in our skin cancer patient education guide.Before Visiting Dr. Shah Learn More
|More Patient Guides & Topics
Metastatic Melanoma
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Specialties & Research
Dr. Jai Shah, MBA, MD, MPH is board certified in Diagnostic Radiology.
Education & Awards
Dr. Shah graduated from University of Illinois at Chicago.
Dr. Shah has 2 hospital affiliations:
- Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center
- Advocate Condell Medical Center
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- Additional Information
- Dr. Jai Devendra Shah MBA, MD, and MPH is a male Diagnostic Radiologist, has 7 years of experience and practices in Diagnostic Radiology.
- Where does Dr. Jai D. Shah practice?
- Dr. Jai Shah has 1 office location.
Dr. Jai Shah practices Diagnostic Radiology near Libertyville, IL.
See Libertyville Radiologists.


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What is your favorite fall season food or snack?
Asked at Checkers Food Store, 23rd and La. on October 7, 2010
"Chili with cheese and a little chopped onions on top."
"Chili, medium hot and I got to have a little cheese and onions with it, and maybe a little chili dog with it."
"Pot roast with potatoes and carrots and gravy."
"Kraut and Bratwurst."
Bill Lee 5 years, 9 months ago
soup, stew & chili...the tasty trinity.
RoeDapple 5 years, 9 months ago
Here's my favorite trim hammer . . .
RoeDapple 5 years, 9 months ago
Biscuits with sausage gravy. Think I'll fix up a batch Saturday morning.
Jack, ball peen hammers were mostly used as a blacksmith tool for shaping hot metal rivets. Some carpenters still use them on punches and chisels. (Damn, I'm a cabinet maker and still had to look that up . . . gettin' old)
RoeDapple 5 years, 9 months ago
Had a framing contractor once tell me the worst person he ever hired was a cabinet maker for framing a house. Said we are too anal about precise measurements . . .
independant1 5 years, 9 months ago
in 6th grade we were told french kissing was mortal sin and you'd go to he11.
ohjayhawk 5 years, 9 months ago
Caramel apples rolled in peanuts
RoeDapple 5 years, 9 months ago
That too.
alfie 5 years, 9 months ago
BEER…and all other food
Julie Craig 5 years, 9 months ago
Chili is a good one. I LOVE the Little Debbie pumpkin delights!! They look like mini jack-o-lanterns and taste like a soft ginger snap.
They are only in stores this time of year, so I buy them and put some in the freezer.
Flap Doodle 5 years, 9 months ago
Once you have your hammer situation under control, it's time to think about mallets.
somedude20 5 years, 9 months ago
christina hendricks is my football snack and I turn the volume up to 11
somedude20 5 years, 9 months ago
Zombies.....where? Oh poo, thank god for all the fat bodies in this town as I only have to out run them. fat people are god's gift to zombies. I once saw a freshly made female zombie and I almost was her snack as I checked out her rack but before I knew it, she tried to chew it and I got the F out of there
riverdrifter 5 years, 9 months ago
Venison chili but I'm out of venison and none in the offing. Trail cameras show nothing but turkeys & squirrels coming to the game feeders by day, coons by night.
countrygirl 5 years, 9 months ago
My hubby would answer gumbo. But I think he'll eat gumbo no matter what the temp is.
RoeDapple 5 years, 9 months ago
ewww . . . the only gumbo I ever had tasted like pond mud. Bad experience that made me leery of ever trying it again.
RoeDapple 5 years, 9 months ago
at leest yuo dint ask me how i knowed whut pondmud tastered like . . .
countrygirl 5 years, 9 months ago
I've been told by a friend with Gulf roots that I make a pretty mean gumbo for a Kansas farm girl. :)
H_Lecter 5 years, 9 months ago
Trick-or-treaters (human veal)
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I may be mistaken but I believe that one of the features of the fair tax is that people will not be taxed or will receive rebates on items that are considered necessities like food or clothing. There are specific guidelines but I can't remember them at the moment. I read the book a while ago but have slept since then.
The best advice I could give would be to read the book that explains the concept and decide for yourself. I have been to both pro and con websites on the subject and there are many misconceptions out there on both sides. As the wife of a small business owner, I find it a more favorable system than the current one. I am amazed that my husband can keep his business afloat with all of the taxes he gets hit with. Making the tax system fair is important, but making sure that frivolous government spending is under control is just as important in my book.
Of course, I am one of those political freaks: a fiscal conservative and a social liberal.
I work in the public sector just so we can afford decent health insurance (but that is a whole 'nuther can o' worms). The hours aren't bad either...
Responsible Beverage Server since March 26th, 2008
...my lifestyle determines my death style!
- Metallica
On a minor note, I've been poor and me & my parents have since been active in select charities combating homelessness that actually tackle the root causes - and these organizations have been private charities that promote the responsibility, freedom, and rugged individualism that built this country and brings people out of poverty, not makes them dependent on government charity and wealth redistribution to be marginally out of poverty.
You are correct, the Government (Current politicians in power) will be reluctant to eliminate the income tax! However, the United States is a government "of the people", and that is us! That is why the FairTax is a Grassroots effort. We the people MUST express our desire to our Congressmen and Senators, i.e. vote them out if they do not express the will of the people. American grassroots efforts have changed the minds of politicians in the past. For example, Women have the right to vote because the American people wouldn't take it anymore. The same was done with Prohibition and then the repeal of prohibition. My point is that it is not impossible!!!
I would prefer that congress and the president learn how to balance a budget, reduce waste, correct purchacing inequities (Haliburton anyone) and restrain spending.
Satellite City Enabler
I recommend you read the paper by The Beacon Hill Institute at Suffolk University and Laurence Kotlikoff, Professor of Economics at Boston University (available at http://www.fairtax.org/PDF/TaxingSalesUnderFairTax.pdf.). You will read about a sound methodology for estimating the FairTax base and computing the FairTax rate. Their paper demonstrates that the specified rate of 23 cents of every dollar spent is eminently feasible. This proper tax rate has been carefully worked out; and it does the job of: (1) raising the same amount of federal funds as are raised by the current system, (2) paying the universal rebate, and (3) paying the collection fees to retailers and state governments. Also consider that only 30% of the people pay Income Tax, whereas 100% will pay with the FairTax. This includes the 50 Million visitors to America as well as illegal aliens. Unlike some other proposals, this rate has been independently confirmed by several different, nonpartisan institutions across the country. Detailed calculations are available from FairTax.org.
More than 80% of all tax returns are eliminated under the FairTax--every individual filing. What remains are retail outlets collecting the FairTax. Of these, 80 percent of all retails sales now occur at large retail chains like Wal-Mart. The point is oversight will still reside under the Treasury Department but the government's responsibility will be over a far smaller "universe" of tax collection points making compliance oversight far less costly and far more effective than the current system which costs $265 billion a year in compliance costs and still comes up $350 billion a year short of what is owed.
Hard economic research by respected scholars on the price of consumer goods reveals that from 20% to 25% (depending on the product) of all prices today represent hidden income taxes and payroll taxes. Once these taxes are repealed and replaced with the FairTax, it is likely that market pressure would force retail prices to fall. Eliminating embedded taxes will also do something else -- it will remove significant price disadvantages suffered by American producers competing with tax-free imports. Eliminating corporate income taxes and capital gains taxes, which the FairTax would do, would likely make the American economy the most desirable place in the world to do business. Therefore, when people see their paychecks are much bigger, because they will not pay Income Tax, Social Security Tax or Medicare Tax coupled with the monthly prebate check, there will not be widespread cheating or tax evasion. It only takes one to cheat the Income tax system; it takes two to cheat the FairTax system (the retailer and the buyer).
Ecomomists agree the FairTax is the only tax reform, that untaxes the poor! Currently, every wage earner looks at his pay stub and sees that income tax, social security tax and medicare tax has been removed from his earnings and he gets whats left. Even if the wage earner gets all his income tax back when he files, he still has paid 7.65% payroll tax (social security tax and medicare tax) on his earnings. With the FairTax the wage earner looks at his pay stub and sees no federal income tax or payroll tax removed from his earnings, therefore his paycheck is larger than with the income tax system. Also, every legal citizen with a social security number will receive a monthly check to pay the taxes on the basic necessities up to the poverty level. As you can see everyone, including the working poor are far better off with the FairTax.
I like the idea of the Fair Tax, but when they don't accurately give the tax rate in their sell, it is hard to take them seriously. What other numbers are they spinning to their advantage?
Yeah I know technically, if you read the fine print, it is 23% not 30%, but sales tax is figured at the front not the back everywhere else. If something costs $1 and there is a 10% sales tax its $1.10. Not I paid $1.10 and 9.1% of that was tax. That was once called "fuzzy math".
"Oh, that is all well and good, but, voice or no voice, the people can always be brought to the bidding of the leaders. That is easy. All you have to do is tell them they are being attacked and denounce the pacifists for lack of patriotism and exposing the country to danger. It works the same way in any country."
- Herman Göring at the Nuremburg trials (thoughts on democracy)
I own a pub.
I pay (no joke) what you do at the grocery or liquor store for my product.
So, for my instance, it is ~ $16 for a case of Bud Light. There are no taxes presently paid by me to the distributor because it is for re-sale.
1) Under the fair tax, would I then pay .23% tax on each unit I buy, to the distributor upfront? or does it continue to be defrayed until after I sell a sub unit (can, bottle, or tap) to a customer?
Fair Tax System
A) $16 x .23 = $3.68 per case in Taxes
B) Does not effect pricing of product IF, I no longer have to make payroll deductions.
C) If I pay my taxes through the distributor up front, I like the idea, if I pay them through my account as sales taxes are paid now, I need to allow for over 3 times the amount of taxes I am responsible for now.
D) Presently, I only pay taxes on product units I sell, the rest is legally folded back into the margin of overhead cost for operating. If I "buy" a unit of product for a customer (give one away free that is), am I then breaking the law as a tax evader?
E) Will the State be able to add another "Fair Tax" on to me. Will the States maintain their present taxation system?
I can't deliver UTOPIA, but I can create a HELL for you to LIVE in :)DoD:(
Also, as for state and local taxes, that is 100% up to the states and localities.
I can't deliver UTOPIA, but I can create a HELL for you to LIVE in :)DoD:(
Duke, your $16 case of BL will have $4.80 of tax on it, not $3.68. That is the doublespeak I was eluding to. Your total cost will be $20.80. $4.80 is 23% of $20.80.
The current excise taxes on beverage alcohol would still be collected in the usual way, BTW.
One question that is really unclear is will there be a tax on b2b transactions if the business is the end user? For example if a business purchases a new building or a fleet of vehicles are they exempt from the 30% fairtax?
"You merely adopted the dark. I was born in it,..." -Bane
Business to Business...
So, with the Fair Tax, I could go and have my father buy me a car or truck under his business name? Would that prevent me from paying sales tax?
Sort of along the lines of Brocktoon's post.
Would tax-free "company" cars be a new perk? Seems this tax may add another perk to the small businessman (always a good thing, promoting small business).
You get all squeezed up inside/Like the days were carved in stone/You get all wired up inside/And it's bad to be alone
You can go out, you can take a ride/And when you get out on your own/You get all smoothed out inside/And it's good to be alone
One more thing that I really, *REALLY* like about the Fairtax proposal is that the number of 'auditable points' in the federal tax law drops from the present 200M+ to somewhere between 10 and 15M - making it much, much easier and more cost-effective for the enforcers to keep an eye on everything. And the complexity of the auditable paperwork and record-keeping will be massively reduced, too.
The notion that a for profit corporation will pass on savings to their customer when their costs decrease is untrue. If GM realized a tax savings next year of 30% do you really believe that they will reduce prices by 30% on all the cars and trucks they sell?
"You merely adopted the dark. I was born in it,..." -Bane
In the future we could all just become individual corporations and LLC's to avoid all this tax nonsense
I'm thinking of becomming an LLC so I can buy a 6,000 pound monster truck to deliver the one bonsai tree a year that I will sell.....then writing the truck off...... (not that far from reality when you think of it.....)
All tax policy should be directed towards supporting the middle class. (period) I can't wait for someone to dig this statement up when I'm running for the local dog catcher position 20 years from now
The way of acquiescence leads to moral and spiritual suicide. The way of violence leads to bitterness in the survivors and brutality in the destroyers. But, the way of non-violence leads to redemption and the creation of the beloved community.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
- See more at: http://www.thekingcenter.org/king-ph....r7W02j3S.dpuf
Anyways, following your suggestion of a 30% reduction in taxes on GM, if that is done GM might then have the cash to pay their pensioners.
And yes, those records will be 'auditable'.
Last edited by Gedunker; 29 Feb 2008 at 1:47 PM. Reason: sequential replies
If anyone out there believes that Congress or anyone else will take away the ability of the small business person to write off the big F-550 super duty for delivering bonsai tree's, under the guise of calling it "personal", I'd like to offer you some beach front property in Arizona.....and I don't mean on the river Yet another reason this would never fly, too many special interests in our current system of welfare.....er....ah....taxation......
The way of acquiescence leads to moral and spiritual suicide. The way of violence leads to bitterness in the survivors and brutality in the destroyers. But, the way of non-violence leads to redemption and the creation of the beloved community.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
- See more at: http://www.thekingcenter.org/king-ph....r7W02j3S.dpuf
Taxes are rather complex. A drop in the corporate taxes certainly increases the the wealth of the corporations, but the corporations use that additional money to hire more people, invest in research and development, and improve their infrastructure, all of which help the corporation expand and make more money (and pay more taxes). Ireland did with with astonishing success, and now most European nations have lower corporate taxes than the US, which is helping their companies be more competitive and prosperous in the global economy.
I do agree that a drop in corporate taxes doesn't translate into a drop in prices, but it can result in hiring more people and increasing the overall wealth of the economy, making the said prices more affordable for even more people. As it is, there isn't a neat relationship, but it has been demonstrated to happen elsewhere.
In general, a tax cut/increase really can't stand on its own. There has to be other accompanying factors to determine if it will be a success or a failure. Reagan cut taxes, but he also liberalized the financial regulations overseeing banking and the lending of money, and the US economy, despite some mild hiccups, leapt by leaps and bounds and the US is a far richer nation today than it was in 1980. Clinton raised taxes, but the technological revolution was right around the corner, and the decline in US spending on the military-industrial complex after the fall of the Soviets and the shifting of those researchers and scientists to the private sector, the economic collapse of Japan in the early 1990s, and a brave new world in which the US genuinely had no military or economic competitor of any note, helped the US economy offset the negative implications of higher taxes.
We're still the richest and biggest economy, by far, but the next president will have to handle the tax issue with greater delicacy than past presidents did. Since we now exist in an environment with a resurgent European Union and a thriving China and India competing for raw materials, the US isn't the only game in town anymore. I won't pretend to know that more taxes will hurt (or not), but we aren't in the same political or economic situation of even ten years ago, so making comparisons to the past is pointless.


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Wednesday, July 20, 2016
Friday, July 1, 2016
Palestine captain Bahdari joins Tala'ea El-Geish
|Bahdari will join his fourth club in as many years
Financial details of the contract were not disclosed but it had been rumored that one of Bahdari's former clubs- Wehdat had tabled a $50,000/year offer which fell well short of the player's demands (rumored to be closer to the $80,000/year he was on with Shabab Al-Khalil).
Bahdari will join former Palestine captain Ramzi Saleh in the Egyptian league. Former Palestinian players to play in the league include Mohammed Samara (teammate to both Mohammed Salah and Mohammed Al-Neny at Arab Contractors), Eyad Abou El-Khair, & the Al-Ahly goalkeeping legend from the 1960s Marwan Kanafani.
Tala'ea El-Geish currently lie in 12th place in the Egyptian league withe one match day remaining.
Thursday, June 30, 2016
Palestinians Abroad: Yashir Pinto, Jonathan Cantillana secure Malaysian moves
|Yashir Pinto Islame puts pen to paper with Melaka United
Now, Jadue will be joined by two of his countrymen who will also try and fight for promotion to the top tier- the Malaysian Super League.
More after the jump...
Tuesday, June 28, 2016
Palestine to train in Algeria ahead of Tajikistan friendlies
As per various news outlets, Palestine's national football team is set to train in Algeria in August. Abdel Nasser Barakat's side will scrimmage against various club sides in order to further build preparedness ahead of 2019 AFC Asian Cup qualifying in March.
Palestine will participate in its first matches since 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying in September with a friendly against Tajikistan. The location of the September 6th friendly has yet to be announced.
Palestine has booked a date with the same opposition in the following FIFA window as well. That encounter will take place in the Tajik capital of Dushanbe on October 2nd.
Palestine and Tajikistan have never met at senior level. The Olympic sides met at the Asian Games in Incheon two years ago. An encounter best remembered for this scintillating strike from Hilal Mousa:
AFC accepts Oryxes' appeal, rejects Ahli
The Committee decided that Al Wahda, not Al Dharia, was the party having caused the cancellation of the match. This means that the final score of the match is Al Wahda 0, Al Dharia 3.
A large contingent of Palestinian players were denied entry into Lebanon after it was discovered they also held Israeli citizenship. This despite the fact that many of the same players had entered Lebanon in August when the national team played Lebanon to a scoreless draw in Sidon.
The match means that Palestine effectively finished second place in the group. Al-Wahda were 4-0 losers to Al-Ahed (LIB) in the Round of 16. No announcement was made as to a replay of that fixture with Al Dharia in their place.
The AFC Disciplinary Committee had previously ordered the match to be forfeited in favor of Al Wahda.
The return fixture slated to be played in Palestine was awarded to Al-Wahda by a 3-0 administrative scoreline.
Meanwhile, the AFC rejected Ahli Al-Khaleel's appeal effectively continuing the policy of accommodating teams who choose not to play in Palestine.
Friday, April 29, 2016
AFC controversially awards Al-Wahda 3-0 win over Al-Dhahrieh
The Asian Football Confederation has chosen to award the Matchday 2 encounter between Syria's Al-Wahda and Shabab Al-Dhahrieh to Al-Wahda.
The encounter was due to take place in Sidon, Lebanon on March 9th with Syria rendered too unsafe to host international matches. Eight Shabab Al-Dhahrieh players were held at the airport and later deported for having Israeli passports. The unfortunate incident left the squad short of the requisite 11 players needed to contest a football match and as a result no match was played.
In the aftermath of the incident the AFC issued no communication and elected to declare the match 'postponed' on its official website.
Football's governing body in the continent changed its tune today issuing the following statement:
The Committee found that Al Dharia (PLE) was the relevant party that caused the cancellation of the match in accordance with Article 17.3 of the Competition Regulations. The Committee ordered that Al Dharia (PLE) forfeit the match by a score of 3-0 and pay a fine of USD20,000.
Barring an appeal from the Hebron-based club the decision leaves them out of the running for the knockout stage of the AFC Cup. It also remains to be seen whether the club, which is seriously strapped for cash, can afford to pay the fine levied by the AFC.
The decision seems to run counter to one taken just last week, whereby Iraq was ordered to change its choice of neutral ground, due to the fact that Saudi citizens were currently banned from traveling to Iran:
Please be reminded that FIFA and AFC jointly emphasize on the nominated neutral venues be free from existing travel restrictions from both the Host Association and all Visiting Associations.
Curiously enough, there was no decision taken on the Ahli Al-Khaleel-Al-Jeish match which was slated to take place on the same day but postponed due to the Syrian side refusing to travel to Palestine.
Recap: Air Force Club 4:1 Shabab Al-Dhahrieh (AFC Cup 2016)
Hammadi Ahmed scored twice and there were further goals from Hussein Ali Wahid and Bashar Resan as Air Force picked up their fourth win in five games to move six points clear of second-placed Al Wahda. Ahmed Thiab claimed a late consolation for Al Dharia.
Al Wahda are in second on six points having played one game fewer than Air Force while Al Dharia remain in third, two points further back. Al Oruba of Oman are bottom of the standings, also with four points but having played five times.
Highlights and more after the jump....
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There is a reference to an affair.
A man has a slow-acting poison slipped in his drink, which causes him to become progressively ill throughout the film.There is a reference to a murder.A character punches an ill man several times in the stomach after observing how painful it is for him.Characters are verbally threatened, shaken by the shoulders, have guns pulled on them, etc., as one would expect in a film noir.Two characters are shot to death.Another character is given a slow-acting poison, but it is implied that he may survive.The main character succumbs to the poison in the very last scene.
Very little if any.
Characters are seen drinking in a bar. The main character is poisoned by way of his drink.
One character consistently behaves in a very violent, aggressive, cruel manner, and is described as "psychopathic."Overall, "D.O.A." will not shock anyone who has seen a film noir before, but the premise is quite dark.
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The traditional jigs, reels and ballad of Ireland are preserved through the music of Cruiskeen. Formerly known as Shamrog, the group continues to reflect the same commitment to the musical traditions of Ireland's past. Ambassadors of the Irish Tourist Board, Cruiskeen has performed in Canada, the United States, Mexico, France, Sweden, Hong Kong, the Phillipines, Indonesia and Germany. In 1996, the quartet joined with lead guitarist John Connolly and drummer Keith Connolly to record an album, Alive And Drinkin' In Ireland, at Molly Malone's Bar in Dublin. ~ Craig Harris
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the gentle abrasions on the side of one's cock, left behind by a girl that uses too much teeth...
"damn that cum guzzler left chicken scratches on my cock"
by Shaved Dave June 18, 2003
When an infected chicken scratches somebody it's called a chicken scratch.
by Trentmasta June 27, 2003
Even fucking chickens have to scratch their arseholes, don't they??
With extra beaks... OUCH!!!
With extra beaks... OUCH!!!
"Peter gave a chicken scratch on his arsehole, good and proper. It was satisfying. He managed to remove that dried up piece of shit that was stuck to his bottom. It was a picture of himself!!!"
by Peter Stringfellow June 20, 2003