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Ali Miharbi (TUR): Stroke
Exhibition in SCHAURAUM Angewandte, Electric Avenue
Opening: Thu, Jun 26, 19:00
Venue: SCHAURAUM Angewandte
Admission free
Ali Miharbi conceived the installation "Stroke" specifically for the SCHAURAUM Angewandte during his residency at quartier21. The piece is a continuation of a series of works he has created lately, where machines carry out repetitive actions such as whipping or tickling the walls of the exhibition space. On this occasion, the anthropomorphic approach towards the architecture of the exhibition space in previous works has been eliminated in favour of focusing on the sounds of glass in contact with other objects. This way he emphasizes the transparent layer between the viewer and piece rather than the boundaries of the space.
Ali Miharbi, born 1976 in Istanbul, earned a dual degree in Electrical & Computer Engineering and in Art Theory & Practice - Painting at Northwestern University, USA. In 2010 he obtained his MFA from Virginia Commonwealth University, USA. His work takes a variety of forms, ranging from photographic, graphic, sonic or sculptural pieces to dynamic systems driven by live or stored data.
Vienna-based writer and curator Işin Önol is guest-curator of the activities of the SCHAURAUM Angewandte during the MQ Summer of Sounds 2014.
Image: © Ali Miharbi
www.alimiharbi.comJun 27 to Oct 12, daily 10:00-22:00
Q21 less
Radius Festival Vienna
Exhibition: Thu Jul 21 to Sun Jul 24, 11-19:00
Radius Live Show: Thu Jul 21 to Sun Jul 24, 19-21:30
Venues: MQ Ovalhalle and Raum D
Admission free
No English description available.
www.radiusfestival.comJul 21 to Jul 24 2016
Q21 more
TONSPUR 68: Wolfgang Mitterer (AUT): POINTS
8-channel sound composition, 7-part poster series in the TONSPUR_passage
Venue: TONSPUR_passage
Admission free
The ordering and forming of silence between sounds:
Wolfgang Mitterer lives in Vienna.
Mitterer studied organ, composition and electroacoustics in Vienna and Stockholm. He is not only one of the Austrian specialists for electronics as well as being equally brilliant on the keyboard and on the slide controls, but is also one of the most innovative composers. His work oscillates between composition and open form. Apart from music for organ and orchestra, a piano concerto and an opera he has produced electronic pieces, conceptualized sound installations, and engaged in collective improvisation with diverse groups, developing a language of extremes, tension and complexity. The pleasure he takes in experimenting leads him to combine contrasting elements in the creation of unpredictable musical events. In one major composition, for instance, he juxtaposes musical bands and children's choirs with specialized instrumentalists and singers, while filling the hall with surround sound created by live electronics. But his work transcends the merely spectacular, precisely because of his musical presence and the high – deeply moving – intensity and complexity of his compositions. Listening intensely to low sounds has its place just as much as the "installing" of exploding sound fragments in the listeners' minds. Far from being smoothly pleasurable, Mitterer's music is still uncannily beautiful at times.
M. Meller for "Tirol multimedial"
www.wolfgangmitterer.comJul 11 thru Aug 20, 2016, daily 10-20:00
Q21 more
Sergei Sviatchenko (DNK): SECRETLY
Wall installation at the MQ Forecourt
Location: MQ Forecourt
No English description available.
Image: © Sergei Sviatchenko
www.sviatchenko.dkApr 21 thru Dec 31, 2016, daily 00-24:00
Q21 more
LANGUAGENCRYPT/Layers And Essence
Installation by Gruppe Or-Om in the Raum D / Q21
Venue: Raum D / Q21
Admission free
Download flyer: http://or-om.org/languagencrypt.pdf
Download encoded text: http://or-om.org/textencrypt.docx
Images and hints on FLICKR: www.flickr.com/groups/languagencrypt
Further: www.tools4noobs.com/online_tools/decrypt
Algorithm: TWOFISH
Mode: CFB
Key: Gruppe Or-Om
Gruppe Or-Om
Website: http://portal.or-om.org
Mail: or-om(at)chello.at
Wikipedia: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruppe_Or-Om
Basic theory: http://goo.gl/ub3CcMay 01 thru Sep 30, 2016, daily 10-18:00
Q21 more


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more about the Fatima apparitions..
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And all YOU have done here is cause distraction and interruption. The poster said they (Catholics) don't "worship" mary, and I showed where in fact they do, if they follow their popes' leading, that is.
If YOU want to start a thread or begin a discussion on the WAY to salvation, I will be happy to participate.
Your ability to understand the facts that lay before your very eyes are faulty. You need glasses for the the windows to your soul. I dont want a pissing match with you or anyone else, not on Wildhoneys threads at least. Never piss against the wind. :)
Anonymous Coward 21500116
not looking for a pissing match either.....you simply are making a statement as though you speak of divinely revealed *facts*, (with no scriptural support) and then walk away. I was merely proving a point that JPII DID worship "mary."
No refutes to that by you to THAT fact.
I am sorry but I dont spin in spirals, we dont have fellowship with one another. I wish that wasnt true. Its not possible to have a discussion with you not with out an umbrella. I wish I was joking with you but I am not. Pride in who is right about this or that is but an idol that must come down in our hearts. You have yours and your certain I have mine and this forbids us from having fellowship with one another. I feel for you I really do. I wish I could help you but I cant and this brings me down.
Anonymous Coward 21500116
spare yourself......
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Robots, drones fill police ranks
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Rise of black nationalist groups
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'Kill More Cops' Graffiti Mural Appears on Freeway
DNC erects four-mile eight-foot tall fence around Philly convention site
Should the Postal Service Handle Your Loans as Well as Your Mail? Elizabeth Warren Thinks So.
HERE IT IS=> Detailed List of Findings in Wikileaks DNC Document Dump
BREAKING: That Was Fast! Hillary Immediately Brings Disgraced DNC Chair Onto Her Campaign! Do you think that Hillary has something to hide?
According to Soros, there's about to be an all-out class war riots, police state and civil war for America
Torrential Downpour To Kick Off Hillary's #DNC Election Steal
Montel Williams Goes Off On Bill O'Reilly For Flipping The Script On Their Interview
Dennis Miller, "Any Vote for Anyone That is Not Trump Is a Vote for Hillary"
Protester shouting 'DNC Leak!' ejected from Hillary Rally
CNN ASKS BLACK TRUMP SUPPORTER The Wrong Question…They Get Slammed!
If Obama brings armed UN troops into American cities, that might be the next shot heard round the world.
LOL Of The Day - "Hillary for Prison" banner plane spotted over Philadelphia
Congress approves Monsanto Dark Act 2.0, destroying consumers' chances of having on-package labels
Don't let the globalists start a race war!
If you grow food in cinder blocks, you may be poisoning yourself with heavy metals
Doctor at psychiatric hospital accused of experimenting on children with 'truth serum' drug used on soldiers during WWII
Ohio moves towards mandatory vaccines, proposing to eliminate philosophical exemptions entirely
Scientists 'REVERSE' menopause...
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The Latin American Subaltern Studies Readerby Ileana Rodriguez
View All Available Formats & Editions
Pub. Date: 09/24/2001
Publisher: Duke University Press Books
Sharing a postrevolutionary sympathy with the struggles of the poor, the contributors to this first comprehensive collection of writing on subalternity in Latin America work to actively link politics, culture, and literature. Emerging from a decade of work and debates generated by a collective known as the Latin American Studies Group, the volume privileges the category of the subaltern over that of class, as contributors focus on the possibilities of investigating history from below.
In addition to an overview by Ranajit Guha, essay topics include nineteenth-century hygiene in Latin American countries, Rigoberta Menchú after the Nobel, commentaries on Haitian and Argentinean issues, the relationship between gender and race in Bolivia, and ungovernability and tragedy in Peru. Providing a radical critique of elite culture and of liberal, bourgeois, and modern epistemologies and projects, the essays included here prove that Latin American Subaltern Studies is much more than the mere translation of subaletern studies from South Asia to Latin America.
Product Details
- 9780822327011
- Publisher:
- Duke University Press Books
- Publication date:
- 09/24/2001
- Series:
- Latin America Otherwise
- Pages:
- 472
- Product dimensions:
- 6.20(w) x 9.30(h) x 1.30(d)
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$50,000 award offered by Archives for recovery of missing Clinton hard driveBreaking News
NARA has prepared a list of "Frequently-Asked-Questions" about the missing Clinton Administration hard drive.
The missing hard drive was last seen sometime between October 2008 and the first week of February and was discovered missing on or about March 24, 2009. According to NARA, on that date staff members began a comprehensive search for the missing hard drive. As soon as NARA staff confirmed in early April 2009 that the hard drive was missing, they reported it to NARA senior officials, including the Acting Archivist of the United States, the Inspector General (IG), and Senior Agency Official for Privacy/General Counsel.
The external drive was being used for routine recopying to ensure preservation of the records. NARA has stated that no original records have been lost because the agency has the original tapes and a backup hard drive. The 4mm tapes that were copied onto the hard drive generally comprised "snapshots" of the contents of hard drives of departing EOP employees, and therefore contain a mix of system and working files. The drive contains both federal and Presidential records, depending on which EOP office the files came from.
On May 19, NARA's Inspector General briefed House Oversight and Government Reform Committee staff to update them on the status of a criminal investigation being conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the U.S. Secret Service (USSS) into the loss of the hard drive.
According to a press release issued by House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Ranking Member Darrell Issa (R-CA), the drive contains one terabyte of data derived from records from the Clinton presidency. The missing data includes more than 100,000 social security numbers, contact information (including addresses) for various Clinton administration officials, Secret Service and White House operating procedures, event logs, social gathering logs, political records and other "highly-sensitive information."
Anyone who can provide information leading to the recovery of the external hard drive from the Clinton Administration should call the USSS Washington Field Office at 202-406-8800. This Hot Line is manned and operated by representatives of the United States Secret Service.
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text:
San Clemente resident receives Nurse of the Year award
Saddleback Memorial Foundation and Saddleback Memorial's Baby Alumni Club hosted its 7th annual "A Toast to Precious Souls" wine tasting event and auction on Jan. 26. The event raised $18,000, which will benefit women and children's services provided through The Women's Hospital at Saddleback Memorial Medical Center, including the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit that cares for the tiniest patients born at the hospital.
Two Saddleback Memorial nurses were recognized for their service and commitment to the hospital and their patients. Susan Rulloda, an NICU nurse from Aliso Viejo; and Christine McCoy, a labor, delivery, recovery, postpartum nurse from San Clemente, were each presented with the 2013 Nurse of the Year award.
Ron Naglie, M.D., medical director of the NICU at Saddleback Memorial, and Michael Haydon, M.D., medical director of The Women's Hospital at Saddleback Memorial, gave special thanks to two NICU alumni families for their contributions. Kate and Michael Douglas of Aliso Viejo, whose quadruplets were born in the NICU a little over a year ago; and Rhiannon and David Bravo of Brea, parents of quintuplets who were also born late in 2011, presented a $15,000 check to Saddleback Memorial Foundation from their memorial golf tournament held in November. Proceeds will benefit Saddleback Memorial's NICU.
In his speech, Naglie thanked attendees for their support, which makes it possible for the hospital to add such life-saving innovations as the Giraffe Omnibed, which creates a healing environment for intensively ill infants. Naglie said the families "are the reason we do what we do. Your charitable donations help families like theirs."
"It truly takes a village – from the nurses and physicians who care for our patients, to the sponsors, volunteers and donors who give their time and dollars to the hospital," said Saddleback Memorial Foundation president Cecilia Belew. "We are grateful for everyone's support in helping Saddleback Memorial improve the health and well-being of our community."
– Submitted by Saddleback Memorial Foundation
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text:
Twixor for Dummies needed for slow mo
I downloaded the Twixor product trial and I am just trying to do slow motion on a clip. I found some documentation on the web for previous versions of FCP. I also found some docs for using a sequence and applying the plug-in on the sequence after making multiple copies of the clip to extend the length for it to attach to, with no luck.(see below) It seems that the slow motion on the clip after a render applies it to just part of the clip NOT the full length of it.
So how does one do this with FCP? I have the latest vers of FCP and QT. I would love to see a screen movie as a TUT on how to do this. I will do it if I can figure out how this works, I want to buy the plug-in but I need to see it working. HELP, HELP.
Question: Do you apply the Twixtor plug in to both of the clips in sequence 2? as instructed below:
This does not seem to work:
Here is the easiest description for creating a slow-mo from 2 seconds to 4 seconds, as you say you want to do in our online forum:
1) drop your clip into a sequence. Let's call this sequence1.
2) because our plugin cannot extend the clip, you need to make the clip the final duration that you want by adding the clip as many times as you want to extend the duration. Since you want to make your 2 second clip into 4 seconds, add the clip one more time.
3) then create another sequence (let's call this sequence2). Drop sequence1 into sequence2
4) apply Twixtor to sequence1 within sequence2. Set the speed of twixtor to 50%.
Question: Do you apply the Twixtor plug in to both of the clips in sequence 2?
Blog: http://web.mac.com/stevecahill/Steve_Cahills_Blog/Blog/Blog.html
Ah, i think you are missing a step when following the directions.
You don't apply Twixtor to the original clip. You apply Twixtor to Sequence 1 (while it is inside Sequence 2). You don't apply it to the clip, which is inside Sequence 1. So you need to bump up one level.
Does this make sense?
note: unlike a clip, to see the filters applied to a sequence (that's within another sequence), you select the nested sequence on the timeline and then select View->Sequence. if you double-click on the nested sequence, FCP opens it up in the timeline and doesn't allow you to see the filters applied to it.
I also highly recommend you download our Twixtor tutorials and sample projects, located here: http://www.revisionfx.com/products/twixtor/support/#After%20Effects,%20Prem...
The links to the tutorials you need are AFTER the Articles and FAQS sections These tutorials, while not video tutorials, will hopefully make things more clear.


text:
Yes he was responsible, others would simply have done nothing and waited until the next morning to see if one of his neighbors was dead. You never made a mistake in your life?
Now and again, we see ads on TV and billboard where the police are everywhere looking for people under the influence. Truth is, they wouldn't dare crack down on DUI's, public intoxication, etc. If the laws were strictly enforced, a sober society would result in a large number of LEO's being out of a job. And the impact would be felt in the legal and medical professions as well. So we, as a society, pay lip service where it comes to protecting our citizens, when in truth, the economy would collapse without booze. And our leaders are not really going to let that happen. After all, many of them are members of the Alcohol and Drug Cult (ADC) themselves.
"A man called police after accidentally firing a round into his living room wall one evening while cleaning his gun."
Responsible Gun Owner™
"Stupid criminals" is redundant.
Street Law, we tried Prohibition once. It was a disaster. So many cops needed to investigate reports of illegal alcohol. So many shootouts by alcohol dealers. It was worse than the current drug war.
Does it ever occur to anyone that if booze were banned, over half the police force wouldn't be needed?


text:
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text:
Wednesday, July 20, 2016
Holiday Wishes Blog Hop
It is my turn on the Fatquarter Shops month-long celebration of Holiday Wishes, a beautiful new book by Sherri Falls. The book showcases twelve Christmas projects that can be adapted to other holidays based on the fabrics you choose. I chose to make the Midnight Clear quilt which is featured on the cover.
I couldn't pass up an opportunity to showcase the beautiful Flower Sugar Holiday fabric line by Lecien. The combination of greens, aqua and red give this quilt a playful and non-traditional Christmas vibe. I love the backing fabric complete with roses and poinsettia. The quilting is fun Christmas cookie shapes, perfect for this fabric.
Be sure to head on over to the Fatquarter Shops blog, the Jolly Jabber, to check out the other bloggers and their creations.
Posted by Sewn With Grace at 12:00 AM 8 comments: Links to this post
Monday, July 18, 2016
The Colors of Summer
Summer to me is all about the red, white and blue. It brings to mind images of sand and sun, small town parades, ice cream and baseball. One of my very favorite fabric lines is Cottage Romance by Maywood Studios. The line debuted a few years ago and I bought a lot of it. I found the fabric and pattern, the other day, for the quilt in the first photo and quickly set out to make it. I knew it would look great hanging next to it's sister quilt which covers the dining room table.
The rest of the house got some patriotic touches too. My Mom made the cross stitch for me awhile back and it found it's place on the wall across from the entry way church pew. I love walking by and seeing this everyday. The mini quilt above the pew was a gift from Amy of A Quilting Sheep. The quilt ties in so nicely with the pillows.
In addition to quilting I have been knitting up a storm. This lace shawlette is for my Mom-in-love, a belated birthday gift. Lace is not my favorite to knit but I certainly like the outcome. I hope you are having a lovely week!
Posted by Sewn With Grace at 3:19 PM 6 comments: Links to this post
Labels: cross-stitch, Knitting, Projects, Quilting
Sunday, July 10, 2016
Sunday Scripture
Posted by Sewn With Grace at 11:13 AM No comments: Links to this post
Labels: Sunday Scripture
Sunday, June 26, 2016
Sunday Scripture
Posted by Sewn With Grace at 12:00 AM 2 comments: Links to this post
Labels: Sunday Scripture
Monday, June 20, 2016
Pretty Playtime Quilt Along
Good morning friends! One of my very favorite designers, Elea Lutz, for Penny Rose Fabrics has recently released her first book called Pretty Playtime Quilts. For 16 weeks, the Fat Quarter Shop is hosting a blog tour featuring a new block each week from the Garden Fairy sampler quilt, found in the book and featuring her latest fabric collection, Strawberry Biscuit. This delightful book has six patterns in addition to the fifteen block patterns for the Garden Fairy Sampler quilt. I am hoping to make every pattern in the book!
This week is my turn on the quilt along and I sewed a block that is very near and dear to my heart, the bowtie block. My husband wears a bowtie every day to work and I had fun matching up some of his bowties to Elea's gorgeous fabric! This block is super easy to make and is just so lovely when completed. I would love to work my way through my scrap bin and make a whole quilt with this block!
Thank you for stopping by today. Have a great start to your week! Be sure to visit the blogs below for pictures of their gorgeous Garden Fairy Sampler blocks!
Week 2 – Erin from Why Not Sew?
Week 3 – Wynn from Zakka Art
Week 4 – Anorian from Samelia's Mum
Week 5 – Amy from Diary of a Quilter
Week 6 – Renee from Sewn with Grace
Week 7 – Jemima from Tied with a Ribbon
Week 8 – Amanda from Jedi Craft Girl
Week 9 – Debbie from Happy Little Cottage
Week 10 – Tina from Emily Ann's Kloset
Week 11 – Erica from Kitchen Table Quilting
Week 12 – Kristyne from Pretty by Hand
Week 13 – Heidi from Fabric Mutt
Week 14 – Brigitte from The Family Hearth
Week 15 – Lorrie from Sew Mod Designs
Week 16 – Kristin from They Grow Up Too Fast
Posted by Sewn With Grace at 12:00 AM 5 comments: Links to this post
Labels: Fabric, Projects, Quilt-a-long
Friday, June 17, 2016
Farm Girl Vintage One Year Anniversary!
Today the Fatquarter Shop and some fun quilters are celebrating the one year anniversary of Lori Holt's Farm Girl Vintage Book and Quilt Along. I love the quilt I made during the quilt along, it hangs in my dining room!
As part of the celebration, Lori has designed this fun Farm Girl Layer Cake Block. I turned my block into a cute little zippered pouch using Lori's tutorial from her blog. You can find that pattern here. The cake block can be found on the Fatquarter Shop blog, head over there for more fun! A heard a rumor of another block pattern!
Visit this list of awesome bloggers to see their Layer Cake blocks and then join the fun by making some of your own!
Kerry from Very Kerry Berry
Vickie from Spun Sugar Quilts
Sedef from Down Grapevine Lane
Erin from Why Not Sew?
Kelly from Kelbysews
Pam from Pam Kitty Morning
Debbie from Happy Little Cottage
Greg from Grey Dogwood Studios
Renee from Sewn with Grace
Sinta from Pink Pin Cushion
Lisa from In the Boondocks
Connie from Free Motion by the River
Dana from Old Red Barn Co.
Barb from Me & My Sister Designs
Melissa from Happy Quilting
Sharla from Thistle Thicket Studios
Kim from Persimon Dreams
Marni from Haberdashery Fun
Jacque from Lily Pad Quilting
Posted by Sewn With Grace at 12:01 AM 2 comments: Links to this post
Labels: Farm Girl Vintage, Projects, Quilting
Friday, June 10, 2016
Embroidery Tote
Happy Friday! My how this week flew by! Recently I was part of a swap and I want to share with you the bag I made by This -N- That. It was so much fun and is the second one I have made. For this one I used my precious feedsack fabrics as well as part of a vintage tablecloth for the inside pocket. The vinyl pocket is not hard to make and you just need to sew slowly and don't nick it with your iron or it will melt. Yes, I did! I filled the bag with all kinds of embroidery goodies and two tea towels to work on. I've also been slowly adding items to my Maileg toy collection. The most recent purchase was this little ironing board and iron, be still my heart! Have a great weekend!
Posted by Sewn With Grace at 9:21 AM 5 comments: Links to this post
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Reading mode: Light Dark
8799 challenges of 880597 Page:
Winner: TetonBarnSunrise
The Panorama Challenge finished on Friday, 29 Jul 2011 Show me your best panorama, where you have stitched several photos together.
Winner: Bubbles
Perth sandy
Perth sandy
Color theme: Purple Challenge finished on Friday, 29 Jul 2011 Purple ONLY!
Winner: Porkchop
Chartreux Cat Challenge finished on Thursday, 28 Jul 2011 Black and white portrait of only one "Chartreux" Cat http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartreux
Winner: IMGP9553
Abstract Subjects Challenge finished on Thursday, 28 Jul 2011 Submit a photograph of patterns, forms, textures, or colors; without much of any particularly discernible subject. -- This can be the texture of sand on a beach, the pattern of windows on a skyscraper, tree bark, the curve of a figure, or any subject that lacks much detail. Abstraction can be interesting as a pure exercise in composition or expression, or, abstract textures can be used to enhance pictorialist images.
Multiple winners
The Silent City (Full Colours Only) Challenge finished on Thursday, 28 Jul 2011 Take a day shot of a city with more than 2 million people which fits that theme.
Winner: Stubborn "ASS!"
Donkey Challenge finished on Thursday, 28 Jul 2011 Color pictures of only one donkey
Winner: Boathouse on Oland
Typically SWEEDISH. Challenge finished on Wednesday, 27 Jul 2011 This challenge is open to everyone. Show us your interpretation of what you think is "TYPICALLY SWEEDISH". In this series of challenges, we will be covering as many countries as we can. One country at a time. Let your imagination run wild… it can be the people and their food, their sport, their culture, or the beauty of the country side and scenery, as long as it is "TYPICALLY SWEEDISH".
Winner: Plum Blossom Maiden
Porcelain Motifs Challenge finished on Wednesday, 27 Jul 2011 Take a close up Picture of a porcelain motif. Nothing but porcelain can be visible.
Winner: Adults only
Alex Ridgway
Alex Ridgway
Consumer's World: Pornography Challenge finished on Wednesday, 27 Jul 2011 One of the largest consumable industries on Earth, adult entertainment publications make billions of dollars through sales at various retailers and online. The challenge here is to show this business without actually showing anything pornographic (and contrary to DPR standards).
Winner: The Shadow Knows
Campaign: Embarrassment Challenge finished on Wednesday, 27 Jul 2011 The client is a manufacturer of a product that can, uh, prevent an embarrassing situation (for, we assume, persons of a certain age). For their latest campaign, they're looking for photos of people doing something embarrassing. They don't want the person to be identified, though, so a black bar across their eyes would suffice to disguise who they are.
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text: Casting a Presidential Shadow Air Force One goes all over the country with the commander in chief, and the plane takes along with it a shadow that dapples yards and streets all around the country. Sept. 25, 2012 12:19 p.m. ET fullscreen Air Force One cast a shadow over marshland as President Barack Obama approached John F. Kennedy International Airport Monday, for the start of a New York City visit that will include a speech to the U.N. General Assembly. Brendan Smialowski/Agence France-Presse/Getty Images … The plane cast its shadow on train tracks near Boeing Field as the president flew into Seattle July 24. Technically, any Air Force jet carrying the president is referred to by the call sign Air Force One when he is on board, though in practice two customized Boeing jets share the duty. Susan Walsh/Associated Press … The shadow fell upon New York houses and yards on Monday. Brendan Smialowski/Agence France-Presse/Getty Images … The plane prepared to land at Boeing Field in Seattle on July 24, for a series of campaign events and fundraisers. Saul Loeb/Agence France-Presse/Getty Images … The plane cast a shadow over airport grounds in Reno, Nev., on Aug. 21. Carolyn Kaster/Associated Press … The shadow of Air Force One approached Chicago's O'Hare International Airport on Aug. 3, 2011. Carolyn Kaster/Associated Press … The plane flew past a housing development before touching down in Las Vegas on Oct. 24, 2011. Jason Reed/Reuters … The shadow of the plane over empty lots in Las Vegas on Oct. 24, 2011. Susan Walsh/Associated Press … Air Force One's shadow over Denver on Feb. 17, 2009. Gerald Herbert/Associated Press … A rainbow surrounded the plane's shadow during President George W. Bush's last official Air Force One flight, on Jan. 10, 2009. Haraz N. Ghanbari/Associated Press … The plane flew over an expressway as President Bush prepared to land at Los Angeles International Airport on Jan. 30, 2008. Pablo Martinez Monsivais/Associated Press … The shadow of Air Force One passed over the beach in front of the historic Hotel del Coronado, in Coronado, Calif., Aug. 29, 2005. Susan Walsh/Associated Press … The plane cast a shadow upon homes near Lehigh Valley Airport in Allentown, Pa., on Oct. 1, 2004. Paul J. Richards/Agence France-Presse/Getty Images … The shadow of Air Force One carrying President Bush fell on the lawn of a house as he flew in Allentown, Pa., Oct. 1, 2004. Charles Dharapak/Associated Press … Air Force One cast a shadow as President Bill Clinton flew over San Jose, Calif., on Aug. 7, 1996. Paul J. Richards/Agence France-Presse/Getty Images … Replay Casting a Presidential Shadow More Slideshows George Wein's Newport Jazz Years Mormon Site in Pennsylvania Holds Promise for Tourism of SHOW CAPTION HIDE CAPTION fullscreen Show More Archives


text:
Doha Bank Says May Sell Benchmark U.S. Dollar Bonds
Doha Bank QSC hired JP Morgan and Morgan Stanley to hold meetings with fixed-income investor as of March 1 for the possible sale of a U.S. dollar-denominated bond, the Qatari lender said in an e-mailed statement.
Before it's here, it's on the Bloomberg Terminal. LEARN MORE


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Barbie as The Island Princess Review
January 31, 2008 - Barbiea is a naïve, tree-climbing Dr. Doolittle who has the ability to converse with animals. After she saves an royal explorer named Prince Antonio from being eaten by crocodiles, she decides to follow him back to civilization in order to find her family and make some new friends.
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Trouble taps on your window again with this next chapter in the Grand Theft Auto universe, set in the city of Los Santos.
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt -- Hearts of Stone is the first major story/land expansion for the massive RPG adventure The Witcher 3.
Taking the fundamental concepts of open-world freedom, ambient activity and mission-based gameplay of the Grand Theft Auto series and making…


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This Is Our Jam: Pure X, "Someone Else"
I'm a creep...I'm a loser, baby... I'm so lonely, but that's okay.... There was a time where a healthy dose of self-loathing seemed like a necessary component to any rock band worth its metal. Austin-based psych-rock trio Pure X's new track, "Crawling Up the Stairs," revives the bummer anthem tradition like it's not a day past '94. With straining, seared vocal chords, lead singer Nate Grace fully revels in his misery. "Come on break me," he dares the listener. "Come on bring me down deep into your hell." As the band's steely guitars whorl and churn, Grace's falsetto emerges only to drift into the fog. Complete emotional disillusionment never sounded so beautiful.
Pure X — Crawling Up the Stairs
"Someone Else"
"Someone Else"
All music is for sampling purposes only. Please go out and buy the artists' records. If you would like for us to remove a track, please email us at email@example.com.
- Entertainment | Pure X - Someone Else - Crawling Up the Stairs
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Early Apple employees Kottke, Fernandez comment on new film 'Jobs'Daniel Kottke and Bill Fernandez were around in the early days of Apple, and the two former Cupertino employees sat down recently to talk about what the new Ashton Kutcher film "Jobs" got right and wrong about the founding of one of the world's largest companies.
A good deal of the scenes in Jobs, which opened on Friday, played out differently than in real life than they do on the screen, according to Kottke and Fernandez. The two worked with Apple co-founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, Kottke on the hardware end and Fernandez on user interfaces.
Speaking with Slashdot, the two laughed and discussed what the film got right and where it was off base.
For starters, the previously released footage showing Jobs trying to convince a reluctant Wozniak of the value of a home computer "really rings false," according to Kottke. The movie does, though, apparently portray "the emotional note of the guy who was the co-founder [Woz] and feels betrayed by Steve Jobs lying to him about the payment for designing 'Breakout'."
Also dramatized for the sake of the script was the scene where Wozniak leaves Apple, which Kottke calls the most poignant in the film, even though "that never happened at all," Kottke says. "At all. That was a complete fabrication."
Fernandez, who hasn't seen the film, said he felt it likely that it wouldn't dwell enough on the actual personal computing environment surrounding the founding of Apple.
"A lot of people were doing personal computing at the same time," Fernandez said, "and Apple wasn't a shoo-in to win the race."
Fernandez said that he is reluctant to watch the new film, saying that it would be "too weird" to see someone else playing the late Apple co-founder.
"It seems to me that there's a lot of fan fiction about Apple Computer and about Steve Jobs," Fernandez elaborated, "and i think that this is the biggest, flashiest piece of fan fiction that there's been to date."
The film has had a bumpy path since it was announced. It in some ways competes against another as-yet-untitled Jobs biopic, that one to be penned by Aaron Sorkin. Initially slated to open on April 16 to commemorate the 37th anniversary of Apple's founding, the film was pushed back to August in March.
Speaking earlier this year at Macworld, Ashton Kutcher and Josh Gad addressed criticisms of the film head-on.
"This was done," said Kutcher, "with the utmost love, admiration, and respect.
On Topic: General
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Label: none
Manager: D Lee (810) 449-5459
Bio: Altura A.K.A. (Deuce) or Nickleplated Deuce is a Reality Rap artist born raised in Flint Michigan. Altura was part of the local rap group Modern Day Mobsters (Album titled "The Mob" released in 2000). Before the Mob, Altura was part of the Duo Stacked Deck. In 1998 Stacked Began negotiating a dea...See Full Bio


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Locating Customers for Service.
By Vijay Dandapani ~ Hotelier's outlook on NYC, travel and the industry
Tuesday, 17th September 2013
LBS (Location based services) have been touted for the past couple of years as a significant customer service enhancement tool with companies like Foursquare often grabbing headlines about their initiatives in this area.
While the emphasis has been on building up a repository of adherents via a "check-in" based system, a recent Pew research report suggests a changing of tack by the established players in the field and hints at the varied opportunties that may lie ahead for marketers.
The foregoing report by appears to underscore the growing importance of LBS and notes that "smartphones have brought real-time location data into many aspects of Americans lives. Some mobile services use the smartphones location to offer directions, targeted recommendations, or other location-specific information to the user. Other services incorporate a location layer into other types of functions, while still others exist specifically to share the users location with friends or the general public."
Heretofore, Pew's surveys "tracked two types of location-based services: those that use peoples whereabouts to provide location-targeted information and geosocial services that let users check in to certain locations or share their location with friends." However, an amalgamation of those aspects and a de-emphasis on "check-ins" has led to the focus shifting to influencing customer thinking based on their location.
Besides the somewhat self-evident opportunities present for in-store (whether retail or restaurant) sales these GPS enabled platforms, which includes many social-media sites including Facebook, present a window of opportunity into the future for operational efficiencies. For instance, it is hard not to envisage a day in the not too distant future when customers proximity or not to the service provider results in optimal allocation of resources such as staffing and materiel. Apart from optimizing services the potential for cost savings is considerable.
Examples of the foregoing could include the airline industry, where carriers could start offering seats to standby passengers who clearly are not in the vicinity of the gate and enable on-time boarding, thereby saving fuel. Hotels could sell rooms on sell-out nights knowing that a no-show really will be one and restaurants, most of whom have even less leverage than hotels for billing no-shows, could cease holding tables for customers who are nowhere in "sight"; the presumption in all cases being that customers sign on to a platform that enables tracking.
Privacy issues, always at the forefront of customers and many organizations, as pointed out by another Pew study, are no more than what currently prevails even if it ends up being an unsatisfactory acceptance of the reality of the internet era. In the end, the potential gains in customer service and productivity likely will outweigh those concerns.
Vijay is Chief Operating Officer and part-founder of Apple Core Hotels- a chain of 5 midtown Manhattan hotels offering value and comfort in the heart of the city. Member of the board of Directors - Hotel Association of New York.
Read Vijay's blog
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Delightfully acerbic she was, but her more forthright reviews shouldn't be forgotten
As family, friends and fans of the late Clarissa Dickson Wright mourn her death, memories of her on-screen work as a TV chef and off-screen endeavours as a political activist are remembered.
Clarissa Dickson Wright died at a hospital in Edinburgh having been ill for a while
But, like the current mayor of London, Boris Johnson, Dickson-Wright's effervescent persona and comically posh accent distracted from her more controversial moments. "Loved dearly by her friends and many fans all over the world, Clarissa was utterly non-PC and fought for what she believed in, always, with no thought to her own personal cost," read a statement announcing her death.
Continue reading: Clarissa Dickson Wright's Controversial Time In The Spotlight
Clarissa Dickson Wright - Wednesday 9th April 2008 at Grosvenor House London, England
The 1969 session, including the only known recording of 'Sunshine Woman' by the band, will be included on a re-issue of 'The Complete BBC Sessions'...
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There's very much a strength of conviction in remaining what you were, but arguably more so in becoming what you want to be.
The BBC drama starring Aidan Turner returns to BBC One on September 4th.
Guns N' Roses were detained at the Canadian border last week for gun possession but they're adamant the weapon didn't belong to them.


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The Konoha Kennel is back! As a subsection to the Chatterbox, discuss your favorite fauna-related topics at a fun and laid-back pace. From animals to zoos, it's your one-stop destination for critter lovers!
Hisoka Vs. Kuroro
Discussion in 'Featured Manga of the Month of October 2008' started by uchiha-alia, Oct 18, 2008.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 3, 1978
|Filing date
|Nov 29, 1977
|Priority date
|Nov 29, 1977
|Publication number
|Douglas Brenner
|Original Assignee
|Exxon Research & Engineering Co.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (18), Classifications (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an improved elastomeric composition and metal and ammonium neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymers which are preferentially plasticized with an organic urea or organic thiourea at a minimum critical concentration level of at least 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the metal neutralized elastomeric polymer, wherein the plasticized compositions have an improved balance of physical and rheological properties. These elastomeric compositions can be readily processed due to their superior rheological properties on conventional plastic fabrication equipment.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Recently a new class of thermoelastic sulfonated polymers has been described in a number of U.S. patents. These sulfonated polymers are derived from polymeric materials having olefinic unsaturation, especially elastomeric polymers such as Butyl and EPDM rubbers. U.S. Pat. No. 3,642,728 herein incorporated by reference, clearly teaches a method of selective sulfonation of olefinic unsaturation sites of an elastomeric polymer to form an acid form of a sulfonated elastomeric polymer. The olefinic sites of the elastomeric polymer are sulfonated by means of a complex of a sulfur trioxide donor and a Lewis base. The SO3 H groups of the sulfonated elastomer can be readily neutralized with a basic material to form an ionically cross-linked elastomer having substantially improved physical properties over an unsulfonated elastomer at room temperature. However, these ionically cross-linked elastomers, may be processed like a conventional thermoplastic at elevated temperatures under a shear force in the presence of selected preferential plasticizers which dissipate the ionic associations at the elevated temperatures thereby creating a reprocessable elastomer.
The basic materials used as neutralizing agents are selected from organic amines or basic materials selected from Groups I, II, III, IV, V, VIB, VIIB and VIII and mixtures thereof of the Periodic Tables of Elements. Although these sulfonated elastomeric polymers prepared by the process of U.S. Pat. No. 3,642,728 are readily useable in a certain number of limited applications, they are not as readily adaptable for the manufacture of an injection moldable elastomeric article such as footwear as are the improved compositions of the present invention, wherein an improved balance of physical and rheological properties are realized.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,836,511, herein incorporated by reference, teaches an improved process for the sulfonation of the olefinic sites of the elastomeric polymer, wherein the improved sulfonating agent is selected from acetyl sulfate, propionyl sulfate and butyryl sulfate. The neutralizing agents employed to neutralize the acid form of the sulfonated elastomeric polymers are organic amines. The resultant ionically cross-linked sulfonated elastomers prepared by this process do not exhibit both the improved physical and rheological properties of the compositions of the present invention.
U.S Pat. No. 3,870,841, herein incorporated by reference, teaches a method of plasticization of the polymeric backbone of a neutralized sulfonated plastic polymer by means of a polymer chain plasticizer which is a liquid compound having a boiling point of at least about 120� C. The polymer chain plasticizer is selected from a dialkyl phthalate, a process oil or an organic acid ester. Additionally, a domain plasticizer can be incorporated into the composition, wherein the domain plasticizer reversibly disrupts the association of the sulfonate groups at a temperature of forming. The compositions of this patent are based on plastic backbones, where the compositions of the present invention are based on elastomeric backbones. The compositions formed by the process of U.S. Pat. No. 3,870,841 are not as suitable for the manufacture of high performance elastomeric articles such as elastomeric tubing formed by an extrusion process as are the compositions of the present invention.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,847,854, teaches a method of improving the processability of neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymers by the addition of a preferential plasticizer which has at least one functional constituent which exhibits a bond moment whose absolute value is at least 0.6 Debyes, and must be a liquid at the desired processing temperature of the neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer. However, the plasticizers falling within this criterion exhibit a very large range in plasticizing effectiveness, so this criterion gives no help in choosing which chemicals will be most effective in improving processability of the sulfonated polymer.
The concentrations of the non-volatile plasticizers are limited to an upper concentration of 6-7 parts by weight because with the metal neutralized sulfonated elastomers of this invention, there would be an adverse plasticization of the polymeric backbone. This invention fails to teach, imply or infer the use of an organic urea or organic thiourea as a preferential plasticizer at high concentrations. The inventive concept of the present instant invention clearly teaches the use of organic ureas or thioureas as a preferential plasticizer at a minimum concentration level of at least about 5 parts per hundred by weight in order to achieve an improved balance of rheological and physical properties.
The present invention relates to improved compositions of metal neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymers being preferentially plasticized with about 5 to about 75 parts by weight of an organic urea or organic thiourea based on 100 parts by weight of the metal neutralized EPDM terpolymer, more preferably about 8 to about 40 and most preferably about 10 to about 30. These improved compositions exhibit a spectrum of physical and rheological properties previously simultaneously unattainable by the teachings of the prior art. The compositions of the present invention are readily processed due to their superior rheological properties on conventional plastic fabrication equipment such as extruders into high performance elastomeric articles such as elastomeric hose.
Accordingly, it is an object of our present instant invention to provide unique and novel compositions of metal and ammonium neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymers being preferentially plasticized with an organic urea or an organic thiourea thereby providing high performance elastomeric articles which can be formed on conventional plastic fabricating equipment, wherein the compositions can be optionally modified with fillers, extender oils, waxes or polyolefinic thermoplastics and mixtures thereof.
This present invention relates to unique and novel elastomeric compositions of a metal neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer being preferentially plasticized with an organic urea or thiourea wherein the compositions exhibit not only a substantial improvement in flow properties but unexpected and substantial improvements in physical properties. Thus, essentially intractable sulfonated polymer can be made to process readily in conventional molding or extrusion operations.
The metal and ammonium neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymers of this present instant invention are derived from unsaturated polymers which include low unsaturated elastomeric polymers such as Butyl rubber, or EPDM terpolymers.
The expression "Butyl rubber" as employed in the specification and claims is intended to include copolymers made from a polymerization reaction mixture having therein from 70 to 95.5% by weight of an isoolefin which has about 4 to 7 carbon atoms, e.g. isobutylene and about 0.5 to 30% by weight of a conjugated multiolefin having from about 4 to 14 carbon atoms, e.g. isoprene. The resulting copolymer contains 85 to 99.8% by weight of combined isoolefin and 0.2 to 15% of combined multiolefin.
Butyl rubber generally has a Staudinger molecular weight of about 20,000 to about 500,000, preferably about 25,000 to about 400,000 especially about 100,000 to about 400,000 and a Wijs Iodine No. of about 0.5 to 50, preferably 1 to 15. The preparation of Butyl rubber is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,356,128 which is incorporated herein by reference.
For the purposes of this invention, the Butyl rubber may have incorporated therein from about 0.2 to 10% of combined multiolefin; preferably about 0.5 to about 6%; more preferably about 1 to about 4%, e.g. 2%.
Illustrative of such a Butyl rubber is Exxon Butyl 365 (Exxon Chemical Co.), having a mole percent unsaturation of about 2.0% and a Mooney viscosity (ML, 1 + 8, 212� F.) of about 40-50.
Low molecular weight Butyl rubbers, i.e. Butyl rubbers having a viscosity average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 85,000 and a mole percent unsaturation of about 1 to about 5% may be sulfonated to produce the polymers useful in this invention. Preferably, these polymers have a viscosity average molecular weight of about 25,000 to about 60,000.
The EPDM terpolymers are low unsaturated polymers having about 1 to about 10.0 wt.% olefinic unsaturation, more preferably about 2 to about 8, most preferably about 3 to 7 defined according to the definition as found in ASTM-D-1418-64 and is intended to mean terpolymers containing ethylene and propylene in the backbone and a diene in the side chain. Illustrative methods for producing these terpolymers are found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,280,082, British Pat. No. 1,030,289 and French Pat. No. 1,386,600, which are incorporated herein by reference. The preferred polymers contain about 40 to about 80 wt.% ethylene and about 1 to about 10 wt.% of a diene monomer, the balance of the polymer being propylene. Preferably, the polymer contains about 45 to about 75 wt.% ethylene, e.g. 50 wt.% and about 2.6 to about 8.0 wt.% diene monomer, e.g. 5.0 wt.%. The diene monomer is preferably a non-conjugated diene.
Illustrative of these non-conjugated diene monomers which may be used in the terpolymer (EPDM) are 1,4-hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene, 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, 5-methylene-2-norbornene, 5-propenyl-2-norbornene, and methyl tetrahydroindene.
A typical EPDM is Vistalon 2504 (Exxon Chemical Co.) a terpolymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML, 1 + 8, 212� F.) of about 50 and having an ethylene content of about 50 wt.% and a 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene content of about 5.0 wt.%. The Mn of Vistalon 2504 is about 47,000, the Mv is about 145,000 and the Mw is about 174,000.
Another EPDM terpolymer Vistalon 2504-20 is derived from V-2504 (Exxon Chemical Co.) by a controlled extrusion process, wherein the resultant Mooney viscosity at 212� F. is about 20. The Mn of Vistalon 2504-20 is about 26,000, the Mv is about 90,000 and the Mw is about 125,000.
Nordel 1320 (DuPont) is another terpolymer having a Mooney viscosity at 212� F. of about 25 and having about 53 wt.% of ethylene, about 3.5 wt.% of 1,4-hexadiene, and about 43.5 wt.% of propylene.
The EPDM terpolymers of this invention have a number average molecular weight (Mn) of about 10,000 to about 200,000, more preferably of about 15,000 to about 100,000, most preferably of about 20,000 to about 60,000. The Mooney viscosity (ML, 1 + 8, 212� F.) of the EPDM terpolymer is about 5 to about 60, more preferably about 10 to about 50, and most preferably about 15 to about 40. The Mv of the EPDM terpolymer is preferably below about 350,000 and more preferably below about 500,000 and more preferably below about 350,000.
One means for carrying out the invention, is to dissolve the elastomeric polymer in a non-reactive solvent such as a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, or an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, toluene, cyclohexane, pentane, isopentane, hexane, isohexane, or heptane. The preferred solvents are the lower boiling aliphatic hydrocarbons. A sulfonating agent is added to the solution of the elastomeric polymer and nonreactive solvent at a temperature of about -10� C. to about 100� C. for a period of time of about 1 to about 60 minutes, more preferably at room temperature from about 5 to about 45 minutes; and most preferably about 15 to about 30. Typical sulfonating agents are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,642,728 and 3,836,511, previously incorporated herein by reference. These sulfonating agents are selected from an acyl sulfate, a mixture of sulfuric acid and an acid anhydride or a complex of a sulfur trioxide donor and a Lewis base containing oxygen, sulfur, or phosphorous. Typical sulfur trioxide donors are SO3, chlorosulfonic acid, fluorosulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, oleum, etc. Typical Lewis bases are: dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophenol, or triethylphosphate. The most preferred sulfonation agent for the invention is an acyl sulfate selected from the group consisting essentially of benzoyl, acetyl, propionyl or butyrl sulfate. The acyl sulfate can be formed in situ in the reaction medium in a chlorinated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon.
It should be pointed out that neither the sulfonating agent nor the manner of sulfonation is critical, provided that the sulfonating method does not degrade the polymer backbone. The reaction is quenched with an aliphatic alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, with an aromatic hydroxyl compound, such as phenol, a cyclo aliphatic alcohol such as a cyclohexanol or with water. The acid form of the sulfonated elastomeric polymer has about 10 to about 60 meq SO3 H groups per 100 grams of sulfonated polymer, more preferably about 15 to about 50; and most preferably about 20 to about 40. The meq of SO3 H/100 grams of polymer is determined by both titration of the polymeric sulfonic acid and Dietert Sulfur analysis. In the titration of the sulfonic acid the polymer is dissolved in a solvent consisting of 95 parts of toluene and 5 parts of methanol at a concentration level of 50 grams per liter of solvent. The acid form is titrated with ethanolic sodium hydroxide to an Alizarin-Thymolpthalein endpoint.
Neutralization of the acid form of the sulfonated elastomeric polymer is done, for example, by the addition of a solution of neutralizing agent such as a metal acetate or ammonium bases or amines such as ammonium acetate to the acid form of the sulfonated elastomeric polymer dissolved in the mixture of the aliphatic alcohol and non-reactive solvent. The metal acetate is dissolved in a binary solvent system consisting of water and/or an aliphatic alcohol. Typically, but non-limiting metal acetates are sodium acetate, ammonium acetate, barium acetate, magnesium acetate, aluminum acetate, potassium acetate, lead acetate, and zinc acetate, wherein zinc acetate is preferred. Typical amines are the simpler lower molecular weight amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, butylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, cyclohexylamine, piperidine and aniline.
Sufficient neutralizing agent is added to the solution of the acid form of the elastomeric polymer to effect neutralization of the SO3 H groups. It is preferable to neutralize at least 95% of the acid groups, more preferably about 98%, most preferably 100%. Metal oxides and hydroxides such as ZnO and Mg(OH)2 can also be employed to effect the neutralization of the SO3 H groups.
The resultant neutralized sulfonated terpolymer has a melt viscosity which is dependent upon the molecular weight of the base polymer, the level of sulfonation, and the associated cation. An EPDM with an original Mooney viscosity (ML, 1 + 8, 212� F.) of about 55, containing about 40 meq. sulfonate/100g EPDM and possessing cations such as mercury, magnesium, calcium, cobalt, lithium, barium, sodium and the like may crumble upon existing from a capillary rheometer at 220� C. at a shear rate of 0.73 sec-1 and will possess an apparent viscosity in excess of 5 � 106 poise. An EPDM with an original Mooney viscosity (ML, 1 + 8, 212� F.) of about 20, containing about 30 meq. sulfonate/100g EPDM, and possessing cations such as zinc, lead, and ammonium possess apparent viscosities of from about 106 to about 10 � 106 poise at a shear rate of 0.73 sec-1 at 200� C. Lower sulfonate contents with amine salts result in apparent viscosities below 1 � 106 poise under the same testing conditions.
On the other hand the physical properties of the unplasticized sulfonated and neutralized elastomers improve with increasing sulfonate content. Further, metallic cations provide better physical properties than the ammonium or amine cations. Good development of physical properties usually start to occur when about 20 meq. sulfonate/100g polymer are present, and the physical properties obtained at 30 meq. sulfonate/100g polymer and higher are preferred. However, even at these higher levels of sulfonate the unplasticized neutralized sulfonated elastomers still possess relatively modest physical properties, and the melt viscosities are so high that mixing or processing these gums in the absence of a plasticizer on conventional equipment is extremely difficult if not impossible.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,847,854 addressed itself to the problem of melt processability in metal sulfonate containing elastomers and a large number of materials are claimed as plasticizers that would give the ionomers lower melt viscosities at processing temperatures and thereby permit melt fabrication. However, many of the materials included are relatively poor flow improvers.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,847,854 teaches that the effective flow improvers have an adverse effect on physical properties and therefore directs that no more than 6-7 wt.% of a nonvolatile plasticizer be used above which improvements in melt flow was taught to be associated with a loss in physical properties.
The melt viscosities of the systems investigated herein were determined through the use of a standard melt index apparatus at 190� C., and generally at 250 psi. Materials possesing a melt index under these conditions of very roughly 0.2 g/10 min or greater can be considered mixable with plasticizers, fillers, extender oils, and other additives in high intensity, high shear rate mixers.
It has been found that among a large number of nonvolatile functional organic compounds that organic ureas or organic thioureas provide for an excellent balance of markedly improved flow properties and at the same time good physical properties. Contrary to the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 3,847,854 these ureas or thioureas can be used at concentrations far beyond 6-7 parts by weight of urea or thiourea/100 polymer.
Useful organic urea or thiourea for the practice of this invention are those with the general structure ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of oxygen or sulfur, and R1 and R2 which can be the same or different are selected from the group consisting of aralkyl groups such as benzyl, aryl groups such as phenyl or tolyl, or alkyl groups such as octadecyl. In the case that both R1 and R2 are alkyl groups, at least one of them must be a C12 to C22 alkyl, more preferably C16 to C22 alkyl, and most preferably C18 to C22 alkyl and mixtures thereof. A preferred urea plasticizer is dibenzyl urea and preferred thioureas are 1,3 didodecyl-2-thiourea, and N,N' di-P-tolylthiourea.
In order to exhibit the substantial improvements in the balance of melt processability and physical properties the organic urea or thiourea must at least be solid at room temperature and preferably possess melting points of 50� C. and higher, most preferably 70� C. or higher.
In order to achieve an enhanced balance of good melt flow combined with satisfactory physical properties it is important to incorporate the organic urea or thiourea into the neutralized sulfonated elastomer at about 5 to about 75 parts by weight per hundred of the sulfonated polymer, more preferably at about 5 to about 50, and most preferably at about 8 to about 30.
Improvements in flow while maintaining satisfactory physical properties are obtainable with a variety of cations. Of the many useful cations Zn, Pb, Ba, Ca, K, Mg and Na are preferred. Most preferred is the Zn sulfonate which provides organic urea or thiourea plasticized gums with good physical properties and ready melt processability.
The organic urea or thiourea can be incorporated into the unplasticized gums in a number of ways. One means is the addition of the urea or thiourea to the cement of the sulfonated and neutralized polymer prior to its isolation during the manufacturing process. The resultant plasticized polymer can still have sufficiently high viscosity and integrity at the usual temperatures of drying so that it could be easily and conveniently dried in a tumble dryer or fluid bed dryer with hot air at for example 100� C. Yet the plasticized polymer can be made to possess sufficiently low viscosity so that it may be dewatered and dried in a dewatering extruder.
Organic urea or thiourea plasticizers can also be added to the gums through the solution of already isolated and dried unplasticized gums and the addition of the plasticizer to this solution. The resultant blend is isolated in the usual manner. Alternatively in cases where the unplasticized gums do not possess too high of a viscosity, it is possible to flux the gum and the organic urea or thiourea in high intensity high shear mixers such as Banbury mixers and Farrell continuous mixers.
An EPDM was used as the backbone elastomeric polymer. It had a composition of about 52 wt.% ethylene, 43 wt.% propylene and 5 wt.% of 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, and it had a Mooney viscosity ML at 100� C. (1+8 min.) of about 20. This base polymer was lightly sulfonated using acetyl sulfate in accordance with the method disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,836,511 to a sulfonate level of about 32 meq. per 100g of base polymer. The acid form of this lightly sulfonated elastomer was neutralized in solution by the addition of excess zinc acetate at a concentration of about 60 meq. per 100g of polymer. This material was steam stripped and then dried in a fluidized bed hot air drier. This material was utilized for the preparation of some of the samples which are described in the following examples. This zinc neutralized lightly sulfonated EPDM was quite tough even at elevated temperatures, and it was too intractable to be fabricated by rapid polymer processing techniques such as extrusion or injection molding.
45.5g of the neutralized lightly sulfonated polymer in crumb form prepared in Example 1 was briefly mixed in a beaker with a spatula with 8.5g of octadecylurea (Eastman Chemical Co.). This was a concentration of 60 meq. of octadecylurea per 100g of gum, or 15.7 wt.% additive. This blend was added to a Brabender Plasticorder having 60 cc mixing head with Banbury mixers. The material was mixed at 160� C. and 50 RPM. Very rapidly the materials fused into a coherent melt which mixed very well in the mixing head and resulted in excellent dispersion of the additive. Six minutes after the addition of the blend to the mixer had been completed, mixing was terminated. Then the material was sheeted out by a single pass through a two-roll mill having a 0.040 inch roll separation.
Various substituted ureas were incorporated into samples of the neutralized sulfonated EPDM described in Example 1, using procedures similar to those described in Example 2. Excellent, homogeneous materials were obtained in each case. Test pads were made from each of these samples by compression molding at 350� F. The procedure was to preheat the empty mold plates in the press for a few minutes, then the material was put in the mold and the mold containing the material was preheated in the press with the mold plates slightly open for two minutes. Then the mold plates were pressed closed under a force of about 20 tons for two minutes. The samples were cooled in the molds under pressure for two minutes. Microtensile pads having a thickness of about 0.6 mm and test regions measuring 2.54 mm in width and 12.7 mm in length were cut from the test pads with a die. The samples were stored in closed dry bottles for one or more days prior to tensile testing.
Tensile strengths of the samples were measured with an Instron TM table model instrument, using a pulling speed of 51 mm per minute. Measurements were made at room temperature (25� C.), and also at a higher temperature to determine the usefulness of the materials at elevated temperature. In the measurements at elevated temperature, after being placed in the testing oven, a three minute waiting period was allowed before pulling to enable the sample to equilibrate with the oven temperature. The elevated temperature utilized in most measurements was 70� C.
Melt flow rates for the various materials were determined at 190� C. which is in the range of typical processing temperatures for lightly sulfonated EPDM. The melt index instrument specified in ASTM 1238-70 was used, with the standard capillary. The weight of the probe plus the added weight was 12.5 kilograms. Flow rates were measured electronically as probe displacement per minute, and these results were converted to grams per 10 minutes using a conversion factor.
The melt flow rates and tensile properties for the lightly sulfonated EPDM samples plasticized with various substituted ureas at high concentrations are shown in Table 1; properties of the non-plasticized lightly sulfonated EPDM gum are also shown in Table 1 for reference.
This example shows that a lightly sulfonated EPDM material plasticized with high concentrations of various substituted ureas resulted in tremendously improved melt flow rates, as compared with the non-plasticized material, for much better processability at fabrication temperatures. In addition, it can be seen from Table I that the tensile strengths are well above that of the non-plasticized gum. Therefore, it is clear that high concentrations of various substituted ureas can give a very desirable balance of good tensile properties combined with excellent melt flow at processing temperatures.
TABLE I__________________________________________________________________________TENSILE AND MELT FLOW PROPERTIES OF A SULFONATED EPDMPLASTICIZED WITH VARIOUS SUBSTITUTED UREAS AT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS Tensile Properties2 25� C 70� C Concentration Melt Flow Initial Initial (meq/100g Rate1 Strength Elong. Modulus3 Strength Elong. ModulusAdditive Gum) Wt. % (g/10 min) (psi) (%) (psi) (psi) (%) (psi)__________________________________________________________________________dodecylurea 60 12.0 1.2 900 570 405 65 770 200octadecylurea 60 15.7 1.5 1950 505 645 80 845 210N,N' dimethylcarbanilide 60 12.6 1.1 1500 465 655 95 800 245dibenzylurea 75 15.2 1.4 3505 515 1240 260 680 605carbanilide 75 13.7 0.31 2450 495 500 315 515 340none -- -- 0.007 650 250 385 305 310 310__________________________________________________________________________ 1 ASTM 1238-70, Standard Capillary, 190� C, 250 psi. 2 Microdumbbell, about 22 mils thick, 0.1 inch wide, 0.5 inch long straight test region. Pulled at 2 inches/minute. 3 Modulus determined from initial steepest slope of the stress-strai curve.
Samples of neutralized sulfonated EPDM prepared as in Example 1 were plasticized with various levels of octadecylurea and dibenzylurea in the Brabender Plasticorder described in Example 2. The two octadecylurea samples were prepared in the manner described in Example 2, except of course, one of the mixes contained the lower 30 meq./100g level of octadecylurea. The dibenzylurea samples were prepared by a slightly different procedure. For the lowest level of dibenzylurea, 37g of the non-plasticized gum described in Example 1 was added to the mixing head, and then 0.9g of the additive was added. A mixing speed of 50 RPM was used for almost all of the mixing in the Brabender mixing head. In the case of the dibenzylurea additive, mixing was started at 160� C., but because of its higher melting point, temperatures of up to 177� C. were used during the mixing procedure. About 3 minutes after adding the dibenzlurea the material was mixing well and was well homogenized. At this point a small sample of about 6g was removed from the melt through the gate of the mixing head. Then an additional 1.88g of the dibenzlurea was added, and additional non-plasticized sulfonated EPDM gum was added to fill the mixing head. This material was mixed until it was mixing well, and the torque reading had stabilized; a total of about three minutes, and then a second sample of about 6g was taken. Calculations of wt. percent additive for this sample took into consideration the sample previously removed, as well as the additional additive and non-plasticized gum added after the earlier sample was taken. After the second sample was removed and weighed, an additional 5.25g of the dibenzlurea was added and also additional non-plasticized gum to adequately fill the Brabender mixing head so that the gate was just barely bouncing. The amount of non-plasticized gum needed was determined by running the mixing head for a short time (roughly 15 seconds) and observing whether the gate was bouncing slightly -- indicating a filled mixing head. After about three minutes mixing at this highest concentration of additive, the mixing torque had stabilized, the sample was well homogenized, and the full sample was removed from the mixing head and sheeted out with a single pass through a 100� C. two-roll mill having a roll separation of about 0.04 inches.
The concentrations of dibenzylurea were 2.4, 5.8 and 15.2 wt.%. Satisfactory mixing was achieved at all concentrations, though the melt was considerably tougher at the lowest concentration. Tensile properties and melt flow rates at 190� C. are shown in Table II, along with the non-plasticized sulfonated gum for reference.
This example shows that as the concentration of additive is increased for these plasticizers, there is a dramatic increase in the melt flow rate. The higher flow rates are very desirable for rapid fabrication techniques, such as the high speed extrusion of articles, and for fast cycle times and adequate mold filling injection molding operations. The higher melt flow rates resulting from the high concentrations of additives also result in correspondingly greater melt flow rates in compounds made from these gums -- such as, for example, compounds with oil and fillers, or blends with plastics. Thus, a substantial gain in processability of compounds is achieved through the use of high concentrations of these plasticizers, in the same way as a substantial gain in processability of the gums was illustrated in these samples.
For the dibenzylurea additive of this example, large increases in melt flow rate are observed in Table II as the concentration increases from 2.4 to 15.2 wt.%. While the melt flow rate is increasing so greatly with increases in concentration, we see that the tensile strength at the highest concentration of over 15 wt.% is above 3500 psi which is an extremely good tensile strength, and more than 5 times that of the unplasticized sulfonated EPDM gum. This tensile strength is considerably greater than the tensile strength at 5.8 wt.% additive -- about 50% more. This result is quite surprising in view of the prior art which teaches that tensile properties deteriorate as additive concentrations increase past 6 wt.%. Indeed, there was a substantial decrease in tensile strength for the dibenzlurea additive in going from 2.4 to 5.8 wt.% in agreement with the exceptions of prior art; however, as concentration is increased to 15 wt.% additive, a tensile strength even superior to that at the lower concentrations is obtained. Therefore, it is seen that concentrations of above 5 parts per hundred wt.% can result in particularly excellent room temperature tensile strength and outstanding melt flow rates at processing temperatures (e.g., excellent processability), for a resultant very excellent balance of tensile properties and melt processability.
For the concentrations of octadecylurea given in Table II there is more than a 250% increase in melt flow rate as a result of going from 7.8 to 15.7 wt.% of additive; and there is a change in tensile strength of less than 20%. Since the higher concentration of octadecylurea results in only slightly reduced and still quite satisfactory tensile strength while causing a very substantial increase in melt flow, the overall property/rheology balance of the material is markedly increased.
Table II__________________________________________________________________________PROPERTIES OF A SULFONATED EPDM GUM4PLASTICIZED WITH SOME SUBSTITUTED UREAS ATDIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS Tensile Properties2 (Room Temperature) Melt Flow Initial Concentration Rate1 Strength Elong. Modulus3Additive (meq/100g) Wt.% (g/10 min) (psi) (%) (psi)__________________________________________________________________________Octadecylurea 30 7.8 0.41 2355 520 520Octadecylurea 60 15.7 1.5 1950 505 645Dibenzylurea 10.2 2.4 0.09 3175 475 655Dibenzylurea 25.6 5.8 0.5 2360 455 735Dibenzylurea 74.6 15.2 1.4 3505 515 1240None -- -- 0.007 650 250 385__________________________________________________________________________ 1 ASTM 1238-70, Standard Capillary, 190� C, 250 psi. 2 Microdumbbell, about 22 mils thick, 0.1 inch wide, 0.5 inch long straight test region. Pulled at 2 inches/minute. 3 Modulus determined from initial steepest slope of the stress-strai curve. 4 The nonplasticized gum is the material described in Example 1; (Zinc acetate neutralized, 32 meq. of sulfonation per 100g of gum).
Various substituted ureas were incorporated into samples of the neutralized sulfonated EPDM described in Example 1, using procedures similar to those described in Example 2. Excellent homogeneity was obtained in each of the plasticized materials. Test samples were prepared and room temperature tensile measurements were made using the procedures described in Example 3. Melt flow rate measurements were also made using the technique described in Example 3. The melt flow rates and tensile properties for the sulfonated EPDM samples plasticized with various substituted thioureas at high concentrations are shown in Table III.
This example shows that the melt flow rates for these gums plasticized with various thioureas are excellent. The melt flow rates of the materials in Table III are roughly 200 times greater than that of the non-plasticized gum into which they were incorporated. The tensile properties of the gums plasticized with various substituted thioureas are comparable to, or somewhat greater than that of the non-plasticized gum. However, the tensile strengths are not as outstanding as for some of the substituted ureas listed in Table I. Therefore, preferred applications for sulfonated elastomers plasticized with these particular substituted thioureas would involve high rates of fabrication such as extrusion or injection molding where high melt flow rates would be at a premium, but the fabricated articles shouldn't require outstanding tensile strength; for example, some possible applications are shock absorbers or rubber protective mats.
TABLE III__________________________________________________________________________TENSILE AND MELT FLOW PROPERTIES OF A SULFONATED EPDMPLASICIZED WITH VARIOUS THIOUREAS ATHIGH CONCENTRATION Tensile Properties2 (Room Temperature) Melt Flow Initial Concentration Rate1 Strength Elong. Modulus3Additive (meq/100g) Wt. % (g/10 min) (psi) (%) (psi)__________________________________________________________________________1,3 didodecyl-2-thiourea 60 19.8 1.3 1155 670 420N,N'di-P-tolylthiourea 60 13.3 1.9 1025 590 390Thiocarbanilide 67 13.3 1.6 580 685 360None -- -- 0.007 650 250 385__________________________________________________________________________ 1 ASTM 2138-70, Standard Capillary, 190� C, 250 psi. 2 Microdumbbell, about 22 mils thick, 0.1 inch wide, 0.5 inch long straight test region. Pulled at 2 inches/minute. 3 Modulus determined from initial steepest slope of the stress-strai curve.
Samples of the non-plasticized gum described in Example 1 were mixed with high concentrations of additives having various different functional groups. Each of these additives contained a long alkyl chain to insure reasonably good compatibility with the gum at processing temperatures. The functional groups in Table IV include urea, ester, ketone, phthalate, alcohol and nitrile, as well as a C18 wax for reference. Each material was incorporated in the non-plasticized lightly sulfonated EPDM prepared in Example 1, at a concentration of 60 meq. per 100g of gum. The procedure described in Example 2 was used for incorporating the additives into the non-plasticized gum. The mixes which resulted in very low melt flow rate compositions (see Table IV) were difficult to mix and required longer times (perhaps 10 minutes or slightly longer) in the Brabender mixer. Also, these low melt flow rate compositions tended to mix as chunks rather than forming a coherent sheet or melt within the mixer. For example, the nitrile and ketone plasticized samples were particularly difficult to mix. However, it appeared that adequate dispersion of the additive in each of the samples was accomplished, and the material removed from the mixer appeared to be uniform in all cases. Melt flow rates and tensile measurements were made on each of the samples using the procedures described in Example 3. The results are shown in Table IV.
The six additives with functional groups shown here all have dipole moments well above 0.6 Debyes, so the prior art does not distinguish between which will be the more effective additives; yet, when used at identical molar concentrations, there is a difference of about a factor of 75 between the poorest and the best flow improver here.
These results show that numerous organic chemicals having high dipole moments are relatively poor as melt flow improvers when used at high concentration in sulfonated EPDM. The substituted ureas and thioureas are very effective melt flow improvers for sulfonated EPDM when used at high concentrations, and their excellent effectiveness as compared with many other functional additives could not be anticipated from the prior art.
TABLE IV__________________________________________________________________________COMPARISON OF VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL TYPES HAVING LONGALKYL CHAINS AS ADDITIVES TO A ZINC NEUTRALIZEDSULFONATED EPDM Tensile Properties2 (Room Temperature) Concentration Melt Flow Initial (meq/100g Rate1 Strength Elong. Modulus3Additive gum) wt. % (g/10 min) (psi) (%) (psi)__________________________________________________________________________Octadecylurea 60 15.7 1.5 1950 505 645Butylstearate 60 17.0 0.10 670 480 3006-undecanone 60 9.3 0.02 620 310 395Didodecylphthalate 60 23.1 0.15 555 425 265Octadecylalcohol 60 13.9 0.36 1300 490 475Stearonitrile 60 13.7 0.15 770 495 370Octadecane 60 13.3 0.19 720 410 375None -- -- 0.007 650 250 385__________________________________________________________________________ 1 ASTM 1238-70, Standard Capillary, 190� C, 250 psi. 2 Microdumbbell, about 22 mils thick, 0.1 inch wide, 0.5 inch long straight test region. Pulled at 2 inches/minute. 3 Modulus determined from initial steepest slope of the stress-strai curve.
Since many modifications and variations of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention thereof, it is not intended to limit the spirit or scope thereof to the specific examples thereof.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 27, 1973
|Nov 12, 1974
|Exxon Research Engineering Co
|Preferential plasticization of ionometric compounds
|Jul 11, 1974
|Mar 29, 1977
|Exxon Research And Engineering Company
|Ionic polymer plasticized with preferential plasticizers
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 20, 1978
|Jul 1, 1980
|Exxon Research & Engineering Co.
|Plasticization of neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer with organic carbamates
|Dec 31, 1990
|Jul 25, 1995
|Exxon Research & Engineering Co.
|Controlled release vegetation enhancement agents coated with sulfonated polymers, method of production and prcesses of use
|Feb 19, 2004
|Sep 18, 2007
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Fibers and nonwovens from plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Feb 19, 2004
|May 12, 2009
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Articles from plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Aug 12, 2003
|Nov 17, 2009
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Nov 24, 2009
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Dec 15, 2009
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Feb 25, 2009
|Jan 25, 2011
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Articles from plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Sep 13, 2007
|Jul 26, 2011
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Fibers and nonwovens from plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Apr 29, 2005
|Aug 16, 2011
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Polypropylene based fibers and nonwovens
|Aug 23, 2011
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Plasticized hetero-phase polyolefin blends
|Jun 18, 2008
|Jun 5, 2012
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc.
|Crosslinked polyethylene articles and processes to produce same
|Jan 25, 2010
|Jul 3, 2012
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Oct 19, 2009
|Jul 10, 2012
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Plasticized polyolefin compositions
|Jul 7, 2006
|Mar 5, 2013
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Elastomeric compositions comprising vinylaromatic block copolymer, polypropylene, plastomer, and low molecular weight polyolefin
|Jul 7, 2006
|Aug 20, 2013
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Elastomeric compositions
|Dec 31, 2010
|Apr 22, 2014
|Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc.
|Crosslinked polyethylene process
|Dec 31, 2010
|May 12, 2011
|Exxonmobil Chemical Company Inc.
|Crosslinked polyethylene process
|U.S. Classification
|524/214, 524/211, 524/216
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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ZOTAC GeForce 9300-ITX WiFi Motherboard
Power Consumption
We are now able to find out what kind of power is being used by our test system and the associated graphics cards installed. Keep in mind; it tests the complete system (minus LCD monitor, which is plugged directly into an AC wall socket).
There are a few important notes to remember though; while our maximum power is taken in 3DMark06 at the same exact point, we have seen in particular tests the power being drawn as much as 10% more. We test at the exact same stage every time; therefore tests should be very consistent and accurate.
The other thing to remember is that our test system is bare minimum - only a 7,200RPM SATA-II single hard drive is used without CD-ROM or many cooling fans.
So while the system might draw 400 watts in our test system, placing it into your own PC with a number of other items, the draw is going to be higher.
Under our power usage test we see that the new ZOTAC board is slightly more power efficient than the older boards; this thanks to its solid state components.
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- Page 1 [Introduction]
- Page 2 [The Box and What's Inside]
- Page 3 [The Motherboard]
- Page 4 [BIOS and Overclocking]
- Page 5 [Test System Setup and Memory Performance]
- Page 6 [Benchmarks - Sisoft Sandra]
- Page 7 [Benchmarks - PCMark Vantage]
- Page 8 [Benchmarks - Media Playback]
- Page 9 [Benchmarks - Crysis]
- Page 10 [Power Usage]
- Page 11 [Final Thoughts]
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- EA's Origin client is getting a new look, currently in beta
- Unlock new career paths with an in-demand tech certification
- Nintendo successfully patents external console upgrade box
- Nintendo NX might support Pokemon Go and other mobile games
Forum Activity
- Antec GX505 Window SC Mid-Tower Chassis Review
- PW-IE20AH51T0 compatible with PC-G70 ?
- D-Link DIR-879 EXO AC1900 Wireless Router Review
- Asrock z77 Extreme 6 Ram Overclocking Stuck at 2000mhz
- MDD BP5e 480GB M.2 SATA III SSD Review
Press Releases
- Polaris Nitro-charged - introducing the SAPPHIRE NITRO+ Radeon RX 480
- AccelStor debuting NeoSapphire 3706-ES1 at Flash Memory Summit 2016
- Elitegroup ceremoniously launches ECS H110S-2P mini-STX motherboard and the all-new LIVA Pro Mini PC
- MSI announces custom GeForce GTX 1060 graphics cards
- Seagate unveils the industry's broadest 10TB portfolio