text:
More choice for diners means more eating out
Relevant offers
Food & Wine
Cantabrians are spending more on dining out than ever before, with raw food dishes and Mexican cuisine emerging as popular options.
The latest annual Hospitality Report released by the Restaurant Association of New Zealand (RANZ) today showed the amount spent on dining out in Canterbury was projected to surpass $1 billion this year, with the average Cantabrian spending about $1632.
RANZ chief executive Marisa Bidois said people were dining out more often, but spending less on each visit. They were also being offered more choices, with the number of outlets in Canterbury expected to rise from 1672 last year to 1739 this year.
This is still below a peak of 1915 just before Canterbury's earthquakes, but more venues continue to open.
"People are excited again about our industry," Bidois said.
The Hospitality Report noted a rise in the popularity of raw food options, locally-sourced food, shared and small plates, and South and North American cuisine, particularly Mexican.
The Monday Room owner Hennie Murray said sharing plates "wouldn't even fly" in Christchurch two or three years ago, but Cantabrians had finally caught up with the trend.
"It's become quite a social and nice way of eating. People appreciate getting to try different things rather than sit on one plate of food all night."
Di and Mike McCauley provide raw food and paleo options to health-conscious eaters from their Pure Cafe branches on Birmingham Dr and Bealey Ave.
Those following the increasingly popular diet avoid eating grains, dairy and processed foods and focus on meats, vegetables and greens. Di McCauley said more people were turning to paleo options as they became more concerned about their health.
"People are starting to cotton on that maybe the way we're eating isn't serving us well any more," she said.
Restaurateur Tony Astle - who owns Victoria St venues Mexicanos, The Dirty Land and King of Snake - said he focused on providing a fun and "edgy" environment.
He believed it was important to have different price "points", ensuring his venues were accessible for diners who came out once a year, as well as those who went out once a week.
RANZ Canterbury branch president Sam Crofskey said the past three years had been tough for the hospitality industry, but there was a growing opportunity for new venues to "do things right".
"The overall quality of hospitality in Christchurch has increased and I think patrons have responded to that," he said.
The industry was thrown "wide open" by the quakes, giving new operators a chance to be bold and offer new things.
"We're no longer going to be a poor cousin of Wellington or Auckland. Christchurch will become its own unique thing and I'm really excited about that," Crofskey said.
- The Press
Sponsored links
Which hummus is the best? We test three main brands
Recap: David Jones store opening
Popular Auckland cafes offer new 'doggy degustation' menu
Jay Z is Beyonce's 'Instagram husband'
Sexualisation of children an issue that needs to be faced
Tattoo ink linked to cancer - and one colour is more dangerous than others
Opening day deals for shoppers at new David Jones store in Wellington
HIbiscus Coast couples share uncanny coincidence
Woman whose war time romance touched many has died
Base Woodbourne in Marlborough goes smokefree, RNZAF to follow
Kiwi fashion designer Andrea Moore's new clothing line to be sold in Farmers
The Brick Man busts out his Lego exhibition in Hamilton
Like father, like son: how the damage from emotional abuse gets passed down
Faces of Innocents: CYF to be shut down and replaced by a new ministry
EQC botches repair, ignores application to cover accommodation costs
Donald Trump challenges Russia to find missing Hillary Clinton emails
Warning of tornadoes follows windy and thundery night
Meet the Kiwi teen with a million app downloads
Team granted funding to plan response for Alpine Fault megaquake
Which hummus is the best? We test three main brands
Faces of Innocents: How do you defend a child killer?
Taika Waititi draws on his New Zealand background for major Hollywood projects
German mall evacuated as police hunt psychiatric facility escapee
Boy 'has a target on his head': lawyer
Super Rugby Team Talk: Blackadder to confirm future, Barrett's Hot Wheels secret
Australian streaker jailed in Sri Lanka after first test nude run
Nando's Australia in ugly fight as franchisees rebel over expensive upgrades
Woman whose war time romance touched many has died
Tattoo ink linked to cancer - and one colour is more dangerous than others
Opening day deals for shoppers at new David Jones store in Wellington
The nine common lies you should stop telling your doctor
Which hummus is the best? We test three main brands
What is psoriasis and what you can do about it
Recap: David Jones store opening
Kiwi fashion designer Andrea Moore's new clothing line to be sold in Farmers
How does a strong cup of coffee make you feel?


text:
Kate! Kerry! Connie! TV's Leading Ladies Cozy Up For Some Real Talk
Yes, Kate Mara and Kerry Washington are the epitome of accomplished, awesome women who do us proud. So are Elisabeth Moss, Connie Britton, and Anna Gunn (Skylar on Breaking Bad). But, there was a time — gasp! — when they were just like us or possibly worse off; struggling to make it work in the Hollywood or NYC acting circuit while scrimping by on jobs at movie theaters, cleaning up nightmarish apartments, and even, scrubbing toilets. In this roundtable video accompanying the June issue of The Hollywood Reporter, TV's favorite faces talk the ups and downs of growing up dreaming of stardom, and as much as we love seeing them act, we really love some good ol' fashioned real talk. Though, to be fair, we can't possibly imagine prim-but-badass Peggy cleaning up a movie theater bathroom. (The Hollywood Reporter)
Photo/Video: Courtesy of The Hollywood Reporter.
- Celebs & Influencers |
- Fashion |
- Kerry Washington | Kate Mara Kerry Washington Scandal Actress Interview
More from Celebs & Influencers
Celebs & Influencers
What Is Pharrell Cooking Up With Chanel?
Pharrell Williams has a long history with the fashion crowd. (A mutual love affair, really.) He's worked with the likes of Adidas and G Star Raw (he's a ...
Alexandra Ilyashov
May 27, 2016
Celebs & Influencers
Can Blue Ivy Get A Gucci Campaign Already?
It's undeniable that Gucci has that special sauce these days: Ever since Alessandro Michele became creative director at the label, the fashion flock has collectively lost their shit for it. Whether it's street style cameos on legitimately every fashion person, a succession of perpetually sold-out shoe styles (fur slides, ...
Alexandra Ilyashov
Jul 20, 2016

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Paris Hilton and James Blunt Spotted Kissing?!
She can never have too much publication. Trust me. Paris Hilton will never have enough of the much publication she has received so far that she again provokes media frenzy with the reports claiming she was spotted kissing pop singer James Blunt.
The socialite and the singer partied together at Los Angeles nightclub Teddy's on Wednesday night April 18th, joined by sister Nicky Hilton and her boyfriend David Katzenberg. Party goers at the club claim that Paris and Blunt "danced and held hands" before starting to make out.
Being asked on that matter, Blunt's representative simply claims the report "sounds like gossip to me!" Are they or aren't they? Only time will tell.
Paris is believed to be dating "Desperate Housewives" actor Josh Henderson, whereas Blunt recently split from his model girlfriend Petra Nemcova.
More Paris Hilton News
- Artist of the Week: Stacy Ferguson
- Miranda Kerr Flaunts Huge Ring and Long Legs During First Outing Since Evan Spiegel's Proposal
- Comic-Con: 'Legion' Unveils First Footage. Take a Look at the X-Men TV Series
- One Direction Celebrates Six-Year Anniversary, Thanks Fans for Their Support
- Ariana Grande Debuts New Hairdo Amid Reports She Was Barred From Performing at White House
- 'High School Musical' Alum Corbin Bleu Gets Married to Sasha Clements. Get the Details
- 'Star Trek Beyond' Easily Wins at Box Office
- Lindsay Lohan Fights With Fiance Egor Tarabasov After Accusing Him of Cheating on Social Media


text:
Experience unlimited instant streaming of current hit TV shows, exclusive original series, all-time favorites, hit movies, and more. Plus, you can choose between our Limited Commercials and No Commercials plans. With your subscription, you'll have access to Hulu's full library of content – wherever, whenever – on your favorite devices including TVs, game consoles, tablets, phones, and PCs. Subscription required. New to Hulu? Try it FREE. • Search and play your favorite shows using Cortana voice search both before entering the app and in it. • Receive Live Tile updates on the hottest shows. • Resume watching from where you left off on your supported devices. • Add your favorite videos to your queue for instant access. • Search for content across episodes, clips, and movies. • Watch over WiFi, 3G, and 4G. • Plans starting at $7.99/month. SHOWTIME® available for an additional $8.99/month.More
Version notes
Version number: Varies by device
- Fix crashing issue.
- Watch current hit TV shows, classic series, and acclaimed movies
- Enjoy popular kids shows, including SpongeBob SquarePants, Pokémon and many more, ad-free
- View in fullscreen or snap to the side and watch while you work
- Pin your favorite shows for instant access from the Start screen
- Search for content from the Cortana
- Available on TVs and other connected devices in HD for $7.99/month with limited advertising
- No Commercial playback capability
- SHOWTIME® add-on
App details
- Published by
- Category
- Approximate download size
9.16 MB - 29.82 MBMore
- Age rating
For ages 13 and upMore
- Supported operating systems
Windows 10Windows 8.1
- Supported processors
ARM, x64, x86More
- Supported languages
English (United States)
- Get more info
- Additional terms
- More
- Capabilities
Use your microphoneAccess your Internet connectionAccess your Internet connection and act as a server.Access your home or work networks
- Report this app
Thanks for reporting your concern. Our team will review it and, if necessary, take action.Sign in to report this app to Microsoft
People also like
Ratings and reviews
Average customer rating
Rating snapshot
You are unable to rate or review as you do not own this product.
Your review
Developer Response
Thanks. Your review will post soon.
There was an error posting your review. Please try again later.
1-10 of 2,769 reviews
Changed from 1 to 3 stars. They fixed the watch list and removed the favorites. Combined them kind of. A lot more usable now. Home screen is still totally cluttered. Popular this, trending that, Exclusive, top picks for you.. Like they know what I want.. If they would just Categorize and alphabetize the show and movies.. We might be able to find the shows we want instead of clicking through a bunch of junk.. Like on the home screen and the genres section which is just thrown together.. Or a I like to call it. Click Searching. Only a half fail now.More
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (31) Yes (31)
- No (15) No (15)
Useful when it works
The current update states that it fixes the crashing issue, but now it will not even open. I really do like the Hulu service and think that it is nice to have. However, when it doesn't work it's hard to appreciate it's value. If the current bug gets worked out of it I will continue to use the app.More
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (34) Yes (34)
- No (6) No (6)
Not great entertainment for 11.99 monthly
I have freezing problems daily and when my show or movie has ended it freezes and wont let me exit and auto play doesn't work I have to unplug my bluray player which provides the hulu app all other apps no problem some improvements are needed check for yourself my free week ended sunday july 3 I feel used.More
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (35) Yes (35)
- No (8) No (8)
Lackluster quality and behind the times
Low quality streaming video and audio. Video is not full HD and sound is stereo only. This is with highest tier paid full version. Can't come close to the quality of Netflix streaming. Selection of television is only B grade shows and late night talk shows, all lagging by one day. Not like HBO Go and other streaming services that have their most popular shows streaming, available immediately upon airing. All in all this is a lackluster streaming service that has fallen behind its competitors in every way.More
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (23) Yes (23)
- No (6) No (6)
It's good
Great for watching anime and there is such a large variety of showsMore
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (10) Yes (10)
- No (5) No (5)
Simply great
Wish they would complete every anime series (such as DBZ) and add more novelty titles (such as Yu yu hawkish) but I love it lots, I can come here form its always sunny and south park fixes as wellMore
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (3) Yes (3)
- No (2) No (2)
best tv app ever!!!!
I really like this app because you can watch almost every tv show and cartoons.i don't like how they don't have the tv show from Disney crash and berstein or all the kids movies but other than that I love huluMore
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (4) Yes (4)
- No (4) No (4)
Ad free subscription is great! App is a pain.
I love the selection available, and I love that I can watch it commercial free now! The app however, is following the trend of unintuitive UI. The top of the app is a giant banner for shows I never care about. My watch list is underneath that. It is a single horizontal list which requires clicking right and left buttons several times to find what I want. Hulu automatically plays suggested titles when you're done with something in your watch list. If you let is play for a single second, it shows up in your watch list. I have yet to find a way to remove anything from the watch list. So now, it's full of shows I never watch. It's like it wants to make it difficult to access what I actually want to watch, and force me to watch whatever they suggest to me. This is not how any paid service like this should behave. You have my money, put my stuff front and center.More
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (3) Yes (3)
- No (0) No (0)
Absolutely loving it!!!!!!!
I like the fact that when a new episode comes on, it'll appear the next day on Hulu. But what I what I dislike about this program is its amount in movies and the types of movies. Either, way I enjoy it everyday.More
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (52) Yes (52)
- No (15) No (15)
Works great!
I prefer the layout of this version to the ones currently running on Xbox One and Ruku. It is much easier to browse different categories for new and preferred content.More
- Was this helpful?
- Yes (0) Yes (0)
- No (0) No (0)
- Was this helpful?
- Yes () Yes ()
- No () No ()


text:
Is your resume in need of a little disruption?
Startups are all about
making things work better.
Our resume writing service is all about doing that for your CV.
StartUpHire is the place to find Directors-of-Business-Development jobs in and near . Review the list below of Directors-of-Business-Development jobs. These Directors-of-Business-Development jobs represent some of the most rewarding careers available. You can refine your job search for Directors-of-Business-Development jobs in by adding a job title, company name, or keyword to the search box above … or click the "Advanced Search" link for more options. Don't see the employment opportunity you're looking for? Check back soon for more Directors-of-Business-Development jobs in , or sign up for an email alert (link in upper left) to receive periodic updates on new Directors-of-Business-Development jobs in , .
PROJECT MANAGEMENT - Detroit (HQ) Overview HelloWorld Senior Producers serve as a brand expert for specific clients. Senior Producers act as day-to-day client advisors and oversee project development and scope to ensure high-quality and flawless execution through7/7/2016 Detroit, MI Save This Job
Who we are:Â AppFolio was founded by the team that built GoToMeeting, a market leading enterprise software solution. We have extensive experience in software development and continue to lead the way in providing our customers with user-friendly, intuitive, and innovative7/14/2016 Santa Barbara, CA Save This Job
Creative and User Experience San Luis Obispo, CA APPLY NOW Send Jobvite OVERVIEW: Become a part of an amazing company that truly values its team, customer experience and understands the benefits and importance of Design Thinking. MINDBODY is looking for a Copy Director in our7/20/2016 San Luis Obispo, CA Save This Job
STRATEGY - New York Overview The HelloWorld Loyalty Strategy Director collaborates with clients, client development, account management and internal SMEs to maintain and grow our existing loyalty programs and seek out and develop new loyalty opportunities. By combining6/7/2016 New York, NY Save This Job
STRATEGY - Detroit (HQ) Overview The HelloWorld Loyalty Strategy Director collaborates with clients, client development, account management and internal SMEs to maintain and grow our existing loyalty programs and seek out and develop new loyalty opportunities. By6/7/2016 Detroit, MI Save This Job
Harmonix Music Systems is a Boston, MA-based videogame development company that specializes in music-based games. The company, renowned for its groundbreaking design innovation, is home to a vibrant and dynamic collection of designers, artists, gamers and musicians. Founded in5/31/2016 Boston, MA Save This Job
Roswell, GA Apply View All Jobs Share This Job About Core Security Are you someone who thrives in a fast paced, team environment? Do you like being on the leading edge of technology? If so then come join our innovative, driven, and remarkable team of cyber-security7/20/2016 Roswell, WA Save This Job
Merrimack Oncology Partner - Miami, FL (Orlando, Boca Raton, Fort Lauderdale, Miami) Merrimack Healthcare Solutions Miami, FL, United States Merrimack is a fully integrated biopharmaceutical company that views cancer as a complex engineering challenge. Through systems6/26/2016 Miami, FL Save This Job
Merrimack Healthcare Solutions San Francisco, CA, United States Merrimack Oncology Partner ? San Francisco, CA Merrimack is a fully integrated biopharmaceutical company that views cancer as a complex engineering challenge. Through systems biology, which brings together the6/26/2016 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Marketing New York, United States Apply Description The Marketing Manager is an integral part of the marketing team who is responsible for developing and executing on the marketing plan to support the growth and development of the provider sales network. This person will be the6/18/2016 New York, NY Save This Job
NEW YORKBUSINESSFULL-TIME APPLY FOR THIS JOB About Foursquare Since our inception in 2009, Foursquare has been a leading force in changing how location information enriches our real-world and digital lives. As a location intelligence company, Foursquare is comprised of two7/4/2016 New York, NY Save This Job
Global Services - San Diego, CA - Full Time JOB DESCRIPTION: Verimatrix is a high-growth software company that operates at the leading edge of the pay-TV industry, protecting movies and television from piracy, and our customers from theft of service. We are currently deployed at6/20/2016 San Diego, CA Save This Job
Creative / Creative Production New York, NY, United States Apply Now The Opportunity Gilt Groupe is looking for a Senior On-figure E-commerce Fashion Photographer to work closely with a team of Art Directors, Stylists and Retouchers to produce high quality editorial and product6/12/2016 New York, NY Save This Job
Job Opportunities Common Sense (https://www.commonsensemedia.org/) is the nation's leading independent nonprofit organization devoted to helping kids and families thrive in a world of media and technology. Every day, millions of families turn to Common Sense for trusted advice6/7/2016 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Job Function:Inside Sales Department:Sales Location:Boston, MA Date Posted:6/8/2016 Share Email this job Lux Research is a rapidly growing organization providing strategic advice and on-going intelligence for emerging technologies. Leaders in business, finance, and government6/29/2016 Boston, MA Save This Job
ID 2016-2201 Job Location US-PA-Plymouth Meeting Posted Date 3/17/2016 More information about this job: Overview: Accolade is the leading technology-enabled consumer healthcare engagement services company for large employers, payers and provider organizations. We help5/28/2016 Plymouth Meeting, PA Save This Job
DEPARTMENT Finance, Accounting & Credit CITY Los Angeles, CA TYPE Full-Time What you?ll do As a Senior Financial Analyst - Corporate FP&A and Treasury, you will assist with planning, budgeting, forecasting, analysis and reporting of Company-wide financial and business7/19/2016 Los Angeles, CA Save This Job
G&A (Finance and Administrative) Austin, TX, United States Apply Send Jobvite Are you looking for an opportunity to accelerate your career and work with a team of friendly, creative people? Upland Software offers a collaborative work environment full of smart, positive, and5/29/2016 Austin, TX Save This Job
Location: New York, New York APPLY Field Marketing Manager ABOUT JIVE SOFTWARE Jive Software is the leading provider of modern communication and collaboration solutions for business. Our products empower people and organizations to work better together, using technology that7/20/2016 New York, NY Save This Job
G&A (Finance and Administrative) Austin, TX, United States Apply Send Jobvite Are you looking for an opportunity to accelerate your career and work with a team of friendly, creative people? Upland Software offers a collaborative work environment full of smart, positive, and5/29/2016 Austin, TX Save This Job


text:
Crazy Substitute Teachers
Enjoy, NG4.04 / 5.00 1,699 Views
Vacuum Salesman
This dude and his Megazord vacuum cleaner3.99 / 5.00 2,478 Views
Markiplier Animated | Mark Of The Survey Corps
This took far too long to make...3.89 / 5.00 4,375 Views
The Mac Note
The human who uses the Macintosh can neither go to Heaven nor Hell, and will be overcharged by several hundred dollars.
hahaha i can sooo see that
Did he just strip?
that never happened, I got three notebooks from the devil himself,wrote down the same name on all the notebooks, and he's still not dead...maybe it's modern times style,time to get an apple macintosh
what the fuck? it made me laugh
me hate mac
XD *cant breath, laughing to much*
i couldn't stop laughing while i was watching this, i could barely breath! it was a bit "cheesy" but was funny. ... but y does he start bleeding at the groin? or is it a her :) ? the font for the reply button is cool, but it doesnt fit in with everything els. and just bcoz u hav mac-a-phobia doesn't mean u need to do this ;)
hey shut up macopfobia exists and besides i only made that replay and pro bar cause mark will tease me 4ever


text:
Saudi Real Estate to Award $6.4 Million Infrastructure Contract
Saudi Real Estate Co. said its board approved to award a contract valued at 24.1 million riyals ($6.4 million) to a local contracting company.
The contract is for developing infrastructure at a 430,000-square-meter land on Takhassusi Road in Riyadh, the company said in a statement to the Saudi bourse website today.
Before it's here, it's on the Bloomberg Terminal. LEARN MORE


text:
Another crack at Studio Photography
Hi All,
I got another chance to take pictures for a friend's nuno felted scarf business. I tried to incorporate everyone's suggestions from the last thread I started but it's a challenge in a small space (room is 12' x 18' with about 11' x 15' useable due to furniture).
Shot at F11, 1/125, ISO 400 using a D610 & Sigma 70-200 F2.8 HSM. Front strobes were Flashpoint FP320m into cheapie umbrella soft boxes and two Interfit ColorFlash 300i to blow out the white background. 3:1 lighting ratio.
There was bleeding from the background to the subject (probably 1/2-3/4 stop worth) as the silhouette wasn't that dark when the key/fill were off. I played around with the setup the night before but if I reduced the light to not get bleed then my background wasn't white anymore. I might try a 50mm next time and see if I can get her farther away.
Q: Should I use a kicker light on the black background lights?
Anywho, here's two shots for your C&C.
|Post (hide subjects)
|Posted by
|Jun 3, 2014
|Jun 4, 2014
|Jun 4, 2014
|Jun 4, 2014
|Jun 5, 2014
|Jun 5, 2014
|Jun 5, 2014
|Chicago Alley by tko
from Down the alleyway
|Callan-5680 by vbuhay
from What Child's Dream May Come
|Widget by Wilfried HKG
from Widget
|Oxbow Bend by stickpointed
from Landscape - Colour #2
Follow us


text:
Philips DVDR725H
- True PVR recording functionality, effective range of features
- Disjointed and confusing interface, no TV to DVD recording, no DVD to Hard Drive recording
Bottom Line
The DVDR725H delivers exceptionally powerful PVR-style recording, but is let down by a poorly integrated interface and the omission of a few notable features.
Price$ 1,299.00 (AUD)
Best Deals (Selling at 3 stores)
Never before has a product both impressed and infuriated us like the Philips DVDR725H. While Philips has managed to design an incredibly powerful recording unit that combines true PVR functionality with a DVD recorder, certain key features are omitted that prevent this productfrom achieving its full potential. A complicated interface further detracts from what could have been an exceptional offering.
The real highlight of the DVDR725H is its recording functionality. Utilising its Time Shift Buffer, the recorder creates a temporary rolling recording of whatever the viewer is watching, up to six hours long. This allows the viewer to rewind back through their evening's viewing, to pause live TV, and even fast forward to catch up to the recording. The temporary recording, or parts of it, can later be marked for storage, as opposed to deletion, provided that it hasn't already been cleared by the buffer. This is only the first of several incredibly useful features which defines the DVDR725H as a very powerful recording device.
The addition of a DVD+R/+RW burner vastly increases the recording power of the DVDR725H, allowing users to permanently store titles that have been recorded on the hard drive. The lack of support for DVD-R/-RW media is a disadvantage here, but a relatively minor annoyance since there are no substantial differences between the DVD types. Recording titles to DVD from the hard drive is for the most part incredibly easy, and can be done at the touch of a button through the on-screen interface. Recording television to DVD is more complicated, since the recorder lacks the ability to record directly to DVD from television. Titles must instead be saved onto the hard disk first, before they can be archived to DVD. This is unnecessarily time consuming at best and flat-out restrictive at worst. This extra step can be especially prohibitive if the 160 gigabyte hard drive is full.
To complicate matters further, DVDs cannot be copied to the hard drive - even those which aren't copy protected. This is a big omission on the part of Philips, and is a significant restriction on the unit's versatility. Essentially, it makes recording on the 725H a one-way process; recordings are made from TV to hard drive, and then archived to DVD when required. Granted, the 725H probably performs these functions better than any other recorder we've seen, but in an industry that's constantly expanding in terms of flexibility and compatibility, reducing functionality seems to us a step in the wrong direction.
Despite its above average (though albeit limited) recording capabilities, the DVDR725H is marred by a confusing interface. Too many menus and poor labeling of functions left us frustrated as we flicked through various sub-menus and options, struggling to find the settings we were looking for. We found that the visual representation of the Time Shift Buffer to be a little unclear, and users who enjoy sitting a reasonable distance from their television will find themselves having to move closer in order to see the details exactly. A poorly laid out remote further confused matters, and this combined with the disjointed on-screen interface left us almost battling with the controls in an attempt to elicit the functions we required.
Once mastered however, the interface revealed an impressive range of features, including seven recording quality modes. As with the DVDR560H, we felt that the non-standard labeling of these modes was slightly detrimental. We tested the timer function, and were pleased to note that it was implemented and able to be set up quite quickly. Editing titles can be a little complicated, but dividing, merging, renaming and redefining chapter markers is all possible. A solid range of connection options rounds off this unit nicely.
Making a definitive statement about the DVDR725H is a rather subjective exercise. Users who want true PVR functionality, including the ability to pause and rewind live TV, will find that the 725H is an excellent option, especially when considering the ability to archive titles to DVD. But as a standard DVD/Hard Drive combination recorder, the Philips is lacking the both versatility and flexibility that make combination recorders so attractive. A better implemented interface and expanded recording functionality would have truly made the DVDR725H a standout product.
Join the Good Gear Guide newsletter!
Father's Day Gift Guide
Most Popular Reviews
- 1 2016 Ford Mustang EcoBoost review
- 2 Synology DS216+ Review
- 3 Review: TCL C1 series 4K TV
- 4 Sony 75-inch UHD TV (X9400C) review: Sony and Android are a winning duo
Best Deals on Good Gear Guide
Latest News Articles
- Google quietly kills its Nexus Player as Chromecast overshadows Android TV
- How to customize the Apple TV (fourth-generation) home screen
- YouTube's Content ID program finally provides for ad revenue during disputes
- Sony cranks up optical disc storage to 3.3TB
- Hands-on with Surface Hub: Microsoft's huge tablet has some productivity holes
Business Centre
The latest business news, reviews, features and whitepapers
Online Shop
Visit our shop for the best deals on hot products
Watch our video news and reviews from around the world
Comprehensive buying guides, features, and step-by-step articles
GGG Evaluation Team
Kathy Cassidy
First impression on unpacking the Q702 test unit was the solid feel and clean, minimalist styling.
Anthony Grifoni
For work use, Microsoft Word and Excel programs pre-installed on the device are adequate for preparing short documents.
Steph Mundell
The Fujitsu LifeBook UH574 allowed for great mobility without being obnoxiously heavy or clunky. Its twelve hours of battery life did not disappoint.
Andrew Mitsi
The screen was particularly good. It is bright and visible from most angles, however heat is an issue, particularly around the Windows button on the front, and on the back where the battery housing is located.
Simon Harriott
My first impression after unboxing the Q702 is that it is a nice looking unit. Styling is somewhat minimalist but very effective. The tablet part, once detached, has a nice weight, and no buttons or switches are located in awkward or intrusive positions.
Latest Jobs
- FTSocial Media AssistantQLD
- CCProject CoordinatorACT
- CCChange CoordinatorNSW
- CCSenior Contracts Officer/Procurement -Governmen BckgrndNSW
- FTSolution Architect - Digital (Work From Home 2-3 Days)NSW
- CCSenior Tester - Automation / Telecommunications (Urgent)NSW
- CCCRM Technical Consultant / DeveloperNSW
- FTSenior .Net DeveloperNSW
- FTCitrix SpecialistACT
- CCSolution DesignerNSW
- CCContract Analyst Programmer (Java/SQL) 160721/AP/624Asia
- CCReport Business Analyst- BI, Oracle, SAP, TableauNSW
- CCBusiness Analyst - End-User ComputingNSW
- CCEnvironment ManagerVIC
- CCBusiness AnalystNSW
- CCBusiness Analyst/ Scrum MasterNSW
- CCServiceNow Technical LeadNSW
- CCAssociate Engineer (Communications Engineering)Asia
- FTCloud EngineerVIC
- FTContinuous delivery application deployment automation specialist (DevOps)NSW
- FTSAP ESB Service Management SpecialistVIC
- CCSenior Business Intelligence Analyst - "Power BI"QLD
- CCUI/UX DesignerNSW
- FTFull stack (back end focus) Java Developer | Defence | NV1ACT
- CCApplication Tester - Windows 10 ProjectWA


text:
Related collections for "Commit To It - Life AsRx"
- Sort:
- Date
- Alphabetical
2 Videos / 2 Followers
596 Videos / 86 Followers
The Latest Videos in Action Xtreme Sports.
22 Videos / 8 Followers
Here is a little of what Plus M can do for you. PRODUCTION + POST PRODUCTION info at plusmproductions.com
6,924 Videos / 619 Followers
All about cars!!! www.facebook.com/driftchi
370 Videos / 295 Followers
Looking for another moderator or two since I rarely have time to curate. PM me if you're interested. Spec Spots is the best place on Vimeo to showcase your spec or commercial contest work.…
Browse Collections
"Commit To It - Life AsRx" by Plus M Productions has been added to 11 collections. You can use this section to discover where and how this video is spreading throughout the Vimeo community.


text:
Forum - View topicNEWS: Japanese Animation TV Ranking, April 30-May 6
Note: this is the discussion thread for this article
|View previous topic :: View next topic
Posts: 166
April 30-May 6
18.7%(16.5%) 05/06 (Sun) 6:30pm-7:00pm Fuji TV Sazae-san
11.0%(*8.5%) 05/06 (Sun) 6:00pm-6:30pm Fuji TV Chibi Maruko-chan
*8.8%(*9.8%) 05/04 (Fri) 7:00pm-7:30pm TV Asahi Doraemon
*8.4%(*9.4%) 05/04 (Fri) 7:30pm-7:54pm TV Asahi Crayon Shin-chan
*8.2%(*7.9%) 05/06 (Sun) 9:30am-10:00am Fuji TV One Piece
*8.2%(*7.7%) 05/05 (Sat) 6:00pm-6:30pm NTV Detective Conan
*6.4%(*6.8%) 05/06 (Sun) 9:00am-9:30am Fuji TV Toriko
*4.5%(*4.5%) 05/05 (Sat) 9:55am-10:25am Fuji TV One Piece Special Edition
*4.4%(*3.9%) 05/02 (Wed) 7:00pm-7:27pm TV Tokyo Inazuma Eleven GO 2: Chrono Stone
*4.1%(*5.4%) 05/06 (Sun) 8:30am-9:00am TV Asahi Smile Pretty Cure!
*3.0%(*3.8%) 05/02 (Wed) 7:27pm-7:55pm TV Tokyo Danbōru Senki W
*2.9%(*3.1%) 05/06 (Sun) 10:55am-11:25am NTV Hunter × Hunter
*2.9%(*2.8%) 05/03 (Thu) 7:30pm-7:57pm TV Tokyo Naruto SHIPPUDEN
*2.6%(*3.2%) 04/30 (Mon) 7:00pm-7:30pm TV Tokyo Tamagotchi!
*2.6%(*2.1%) 05/06 (Sun) 7:00am-7:30am NTV Uchū Kyōdai
*2.6%(*1.8%) 05/06 (Sun) 5:00pm-5:30pm TBS Gundam AGE
*2.2%(*4.1%) 05/03 (Thu) 7:00pm-7:30pm TV Tokyo Pokemon: Best Wishes!
*2.1%(*2.3%) 05/03 (Thu) 12:45am-1:45am Fuji TV Sakamichi no Apollon/tsuritama
*2.1%(*2.1%) 05/06 (Sun) 6:30am-7:00am TV Asashi Saint Seiya Omega
*2.1%(*1.4%) 05/05 (Sat) 9:30am-10:00am NHK Ginga e Kickoff!!
*2.0%(*2.3%) 05/02 (Wed) 1:29am-1:59am NTV Lupin III ~Mine Fujiko to Iu Onna~
*2.0%(*2.1%) 04/30 (Mon) 7:30pm-8:00pm TV Tokyo Yu-Gi-Oh! Zexal
*2.0%(*1.8%) 05/04 (Fri) 1:55am-2:25am TBS EUREKA SEVEN AO
*1.9%(*1.9%) 05/06 (Sun) 7:00am-7:30am TV Asahi Battle Spirits: Heroes
*1.6%(*2.6%) 05/06 (Sun) 8:30am-8:45am TV Tokyo Metal Fight Beyblade Zero-G
*1.6%(*1.0%) 05/03 (Thu) 1:25am-1:55am TBS Acchi Kocchi
*1.5%(*1.7%) 05/03 (Thu) 6:00pm-6:30pm TV Tokyo Sket Dance
*1.3%(*1.7%) 05/05 (Sat) 9:00am-9:30am TV Tokyo Tottoko Hamtaro Dechu
*1.3%(*1.2%) 05/06 (Sun) 2:50am-3:50am TV Asahi Area no Kishi (Rerun)
*1.3%(*1.1%) 05/05 (Sat) 8:00am-8:30am TV Tokyo Cardfight!! Vanguard: Asia Circuit Hen
*1.3%(*0.6%) 05/03 (Thu) 1:55am-2:25am TBS Sankarea
*1.2%(*2.9%) 05/05 (Sat) 9:30am-10:00am TV Tokyo Jewelpet Kira☆Deco—!
*1.2%(*1.8%) 05/06 (Sun) 8:45am-9:00am TV Tokyo Cross Fight B-Daman
*1.2%(*1.3%) 05/01 (Tue) 6:00pm-6:30pm TV Tokyo Naruto SD: Rock Lee no Seishun Full-Power Ninden
*1.1%(*1.0%) 05/04 (Fri) 2:25am-2:55am TBS Natsuiro Kiseki
*0.8%(*1.8%) 05/05 (Sat) 10:00am-10:30am TV Tokyo Pretty Rhythm Aurora Dream
*0.8%(*1.4%) 05/05 (Sat) 10:30am-11:00am TV Tokyo FAIRY TAIL
*0.8%(*1.3%) 05/03 (Thu) 5:30pm-6:00pm TV Tokyo Polar Bear's Café
*0.8%(*0.8%) 05/02 (Wed) 1:50am-2:20am TV Tokyo Medaka Box
*0.8%(*0.6%) 05/06 (Sun) 1:05am-1:35am TV Tokyo Saki Achiga-hen episode of side-A
*0.8%(*0.3%) 05/06 (Sun) 1:35am-2:05am TV Tokyo Aquarion Evol
*0.7%(*0.7%) 05/01 (Tue) 5:30pm-6:00pm TV Tokyo Keroro Gunsou (Rerun)
*0.5%(*1.0%) 05/05 (Sat) 6:00am-6:30am TV Asahi Area no Kishi
*0.5%(*0.8%) 04/30 (Mon) 6:00pm-6:30pm TV Tokyo Gon
*0.5%(*0.8%) 04/30 (Mon) 1:30am-2:00am TV Tokyo Kimi to Boku. 2
*0.5%(*0.5%) 04/30 (Mon) 2:00am-2:30am TV Tokyo Haiyore! Nyaruko-san
*0.5%(*0.3%) 05/03 (Thu) 1:45am-2:15am TV Tokyo Sengoku Collection
*0.5%(*0.2%) 04/30 (Mon) 5:30pm-6:00pm TV Tokyo Cardfight!! Vanguard (Rerun)
Last edited by Thhyon on Sun Aug 19, 2012 8:18 pm; edited 1 time in total
|Back to top
Posts: 550
And Pokemon continues to decline. That's probably its worst rating yet.
Fairy Tail's is terrible too. I think even Bleach didn't fall so low.
|Back to top
Posts: 29
Pokemon will most likely do better when it goes into the next arc because of the hype of the next games being released in June.
Fairy Tail is in a filler arc, which is one of the worst things ever invented.
|Back to top
Posts: 550
Perhaps. I wonder if the box office gross of the upcoming movie will follow the ratings and decline as well.
With the Fairy Tail movie planned this summer they had to continue the anime to promote it. However, with such ratings, cancellation in the few months afterwards is possible.
|Back to top
Posts: 1103
Location: Clemson, SC
Fairy Tail's ratings were this low even when it wasn't filler, at the climax of the last arc. This is rather concerning, hopefully the movie will help. Well, at least the two turds are continuing to stink:
0.5% Haiyore! Nyaruko-san
0.5% Sengoku Collection
|Back to top
Posts: 4210
Location: Towson, Maryland
|Its not really looking that good for Fairy Tail... hopefully it'll go back up after the Filler arc and they'll keep it around when its up for renewal in October.
|Back to top
Posts: 1309
As mentioned before TV ratings rarely matter for late night anime. Nyaruko-san is projected to be one of the best selling shows of the season.
I wonder if most people just record Nyaruko on their DVR and watch it later and Japanese TV ratings don't count DVR recorded shows.
|Back to top
Posts: 2342
|What is this "One Piece Special Edition" thing?
|Back to top
Thread Killer
Posts: 4210
|Early episodes rebroadcast in HD.
|Back to top
Posts: 4210
Location: Towson, Maryland
Given that it airs at 2 AM in the middle of the week, I wouldn't be surprised if thats how most of its viewers watch it.
|Back to top
Posts: 550
It's a bit odd that they changed the anime's time slot and basically killed its ratings when it had not too bad ones in its previous time slot (I remember it even making the top 10 a few times). Maybe they thought it could do well in a saturday morning time slot. They were obviously mistaking.
|Back to top
Posts: 90
|You people sure the ratings of Fairy Tail didn't dip just because of Golden Week?
|Back to top
Posts: 6943
Location: IL
|Well, it's not like the 1.4% share it had the week before is decent. It has been pretty consistently poor for a good while now I'd say.
|Back to top
|Anime News Network Forum Index -> Site-related -> Talkback
All times are GMT - 5 Hours
|Page 1 of 1
Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2005 phpBB Group
You cannot post new topics in this forum
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
You cannot edit your posts in this forum
You cannot delete your posts in this forum
You cannot vote in polls in this forum
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
You cannot edit your posts in this forum
You cannot delete your posts in this forum
You cannot vote in polls in this forum
ANNCast - Berserk du Soleil
ANN reviewer Sam Leach joins Zac and Jacob on a blood-soaked journey through the first few episodes of Berserk, along with Danganronpa discussion and much more! ― ANNCast Episode 266: Berserk du Soleil ANN reviewer Sam Leach joins Zac and Jacob on a blood-soaked journey through the first few episodes of Berserk, along with Danganronpa discussion and much more! You can listen to the show on our playe...
Interview: Shoji Kawamori
Whe Shoji Kawamori gets creative, the results can be spectacular - and controversial! The visionary creator of Macross discusses his brand new, completely original sci-fi anime due out in 2017. ― Shoji Kawamori scarcely needs an introduction – as the father of the hallowed Macross franchise and a legend in the field, Kawamori has racked up hits both critical and commercial throughout his entire block...
Kagerou Daze Novel 4
Kagerou Daze is slowly improving as a series, but it continues to suffer from less than stellar writing and unlikable characters. Rebecca Silverman breaks down this twisted story. ― Kagerou Daze has the dubious distinction of being one of the most difficult light novels currently being published in English to follow. In part, this is due to the dense language of the first two books, although that tha...
The X Button - Signing Off
It's the final X Button, and Todd retires the column with a rundown of his lesser-known favorites! Plus Sonic Mania, Lady Layton, and Nintendo rumors! ― Here it is, readers: the last installment of The X Button. Next month will see another video-game column take its place, with the talented Dustin Bailey (that's Dustin, not Justin) at its helm. I thought hard about how best to close this little attr...
Liselotte & Witch's Forest GN 1
This fantasy romance from Fruits Basket creator Natsuki Takaya weaves a magical blend of sweetness and melancholy, but can it stand apart from her previous work? Rebecca Silverman takes a look. ― Despite several of her other works being translated and released in English, Natsuki Takaya remains best known for her series Fruits Basket, whose light fantasy premise hid surprising emotional depths. Lisel...
Answerman - Why Aren't Anime/Manga Sales Numbers Public?
Every month we see anime and manga sales charts from Japan, but there's no equivalent in the US - how come we never see sales info anywhere else? Justin gets into it. ― "Oshino Hunter" asks: In Japan exact sales numbers are given for all anime and manga, but in America, we get NO stats on anime sales, and only what has sold better than others for manga. Why is this? Even in Japan, publishers do not ...
Interview: The Cast and Crew of My Hero Academia
The incredible creative talent behind this spring's smash hit My Hero Academia - Director Kenji Nagasaki, producer Wakana Okamura and voice actors Justin Briner and Chris Sabat - go in-depth! ― At Anime Expo this year, we had the opportunity to sit down with the Japanese crew and English cast of My Hero Academia. Director Kenji Nagasaki, producer Wakana Okamura, the voice of Midoriya Justin Briner, a...
Kuromukuro Episodes 1-13 Streaming
This Netflix-licensed spring season anime is finally available for streaming! Was this mecha adventure worth the wait? Theron Martin takes a look. ― We've seen anime about a person from the present being catapulted into the future to become an ace mecha pilot before (see Buddy Complex, among possibly others), but a person from the past coming to the present instead? That's certainly a new twist. It's...
Vice & Luna - #7
just for fun
Vice and Luna's lunchtime odyssey continues when Luna makes a small mistake that winds up changing their entire afternoon... and Luna's love life! ―
UQ Holder! GN 7
As the stakes and strengths of his opponents climb impossibly high, Tota finally finds himself faced with a real challenge in this seventh volume of Ken Akamatsu's action manga. ― UQ Holder has had a rocky journey up until now, and much of that has come down to the manga's awkward fundamental assumptions. Tota lies near the heart of the story's various problems; not only is he actually immortal, but ...


text:
Favorite films
Recent activityAll
Recent reviewsMore
Batman: The Killing Joke 2016
The movie arrives on DVD and Blu-ray August 2nd but Warner Bros. had one-night screenings on Monday July 25th. I actually found out about it on Sunday night.
I don't remember all of the details of The Killing Joke the graphic novel, save, of course, for some of its more, shall we say, dramatic highlights. Batman of the 1960s it most certainly is not. Is it a 'good' story? I don't know. It's fascinating just for how extreme the Alan…
Stripes 1981
After re-watching the Ghostbusters films for the umpteenth time, I figured I should check out some of Reitman's earlier work, like "Meatballs" (still need to see it) and this, "Stripes".
Seriously, the first 1 1/4 hours is practically a 5/5. There's no plot whatsoever, just Murray, Ramis (who apparently had never acted before) and lots of character actors riffing. It's hysterical.
Then the final 45 minutes kick in and it's not nearly as irreverent. It's as if Reitman and co.…
Popular reviewsMore
Zootopia 2016
This was a truly unexpected surprise. I haven't seen all of the recent Disney animated films. Of those that I did, I didn't care at all for "Wreck-It Ralph" and thought "Frozen" was patently mediocre. Positive reviews for "Zootopia" had me going 'Eh, whatever. Y'all said the same about Ralph and Frozen."
Frankly, if you walked up to me yesterday and asked if I thought Disney had it in them in the foreseeable future to knock one straight out of…
The Big Short 2015
What an odd circumstances under which to watch this.
In my family we celebrate Christmas on the 24th more so than on the 25th. The extended family has a few places to be over the course of a few days so the gang finds a way to get together on the 24th and we have fun into the early morning until most part ways for other gatherings. There's a supper at my father's the 25th, and I'll be there later…


text:
China 3 wheel baby tricycle/360 degree rotation children tricycle/kid tricycle
US $1-10 / Piece
100 Pieces (Min. Order)
Classic Red Tricycle
US $18-35 / Piece
1 Piece (Min. Order)
2015 new game carrier tricycle
10 Sets (Min. Order)
DL-CA metal kids pedal trike baby tricycle with canopy
US $40-50 / Piece
10 Pieces (Min. Order)
China BeiYi DaYang Brand 150cc/175cc/200cc/250cc/300cc 2013 cheap classic cargo tricycle
US $738-1000 / Set
1 Set (Min. Order)
Go to Page
Prev 1 Next
Haven't found the right supplier yet ? Let matching verified suppliers find you. Get Quotation NowFREE
Do you want to show classic three wheel chinese tricycle brands or other products of your own company? Display your Products FREE now!
Related Category
Product Features
Supplier Features
Supplier Types
Recommendation for you
related suppliers
related Manufactures


text:
Police give all-clear in Munich shooting; say suspect dead
Semiconductor innovator Mark Templeton dies at 57
More flights scrapped as Southwest Airlines continues to struggle
Man knocked out during fight on SF Muni bus
SF man who raped unconscious woman sentenced to 8 years
Hillary Clinton chooses Va. Sen. Tim Kaine as running mate
Updated: Thousands of bees surround truck on Geary Street in...
The deadliest terror attack in SF history happened 100 years...
San Francisco's most expensive listing: $28.5 million Pacific...
Is Donald Trump serious?
Posts by Author
$3.2 Mil Raised @SFMOMA's Modern Ball
Even though SFMOMA is currently closed while its #OnTheGo as the museum is structurally reconfigured to accomodate the fabulous Fisher Collection of Contemporary Art, Modern Ball chairwoman Christine …
Hearst Helps @SFZoo Raise $1.2 Mil
Steve Hearst and his wife, Barbara Hearst, are exactly the kind of honorees institutions dream of corraling. Because not only did they supply primo vino from his family's Hearst Ranch Winery last …
Bill Cosby Celebrates Willie Brown's 80th
During a speech thanking friends, fans and family who turned out last night to celebrate his 80th birthday in the Pilara Foundation Photography Gallery at Pier 24, former mayor Willie Brown looked …
The Bard Inspires Big Bucks @CalShakes Gala
Hope, possibility, voices and almost $700K were raised Saturday at the Four Seasons Hotel during the "Raise the Roof" gala which also celebrated the 40th anniversary of California Shakespeare Theater. …
Prince Concert @ The Fillmore Funds Tipping Point
OMG Alert: Prince (yes, the rock royalty one) and 3rdEyeGirl headline March 19 at The Fillmore for a special benefit concert to raise funds for Tipping Point and its Bay Area poverty-fighting …
Bloomin' "Bouquets" @deYoungMuseum
Spring has sprung in masterful style at the de Young Museum where the Fine Arts Museums Auxiliary is celebrating the 30th anniversary of Bouquets to Art. Led by "Bouquets" chairwoman Maggie Krill and …
St. Pat in SF: Going for the Green
There was a heckuva hooley last week at City Hall, where Mayor Ed Lee, Protocol Chief Charlotte Shultz, Supervisor Mark Farrell and United Irish Societies President Diarmuid Philpott unfurled the flag …
Ferragamo Fetes the Fine Arts Museums
Old Hollywood glamour paired perfectly with sun-kissed, Florentine palazzos Saturday at the Legion of Honor where the Junior Committee of the Fine Arts Museums hosted the 11th Mid-Winter Gala. That's …
Marc Benioff Celebrates @Salesforce 15th w/free Janelle Monae Jam
Salesforce founder-CEO Marc Benioff celebrates the 15th anniversary of his cloudware company Fri., March 7 with a free concert in Justin Herman Plaza starring Janelle Monae. OMG! But first, the …
SF General's Hearts After Dark
Following yesterday's heartfelt lunch in support of the San Francisco General Hospital Foundation we've got more hearts! More amour! And more moola which was beating at AT&T Ballpark during the …


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 22, 1991
|Filing date
|Aug 3, 1990
|Priority date
|Aug 3, 1990
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Ray M. Herman, Anthony L. McKay, Andrew M. Chao
|Original Assignee
|Magnavox Government And Industrial Electronics Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (31), Classifications (10), Legal Events (10)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to digital-to-analog converters and, more particularly, to digital-to-analog converters operable at high conversion speeds.
2. Description of the Related Art
A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) converts a digital input, consisting of a sequence of bits making up an input data word, into an analog output representing the value of the binary input data word. A DAC can be implemented with a set of switches that control the summation of a set of weighted analog current sources such that the DAC output is a current that is the sum of currents from any combination of the current sources. Each bit of the input data word determines whether or not a corresponding current source is summed at the output. For each bit of the input word that is high, the associated current source is coupled to the DAC output, while for each bit that is low, the associated current source is not coupled. The sum of the coupled current sources produces a current amplitude at the DAC output that is proportional to the binary value of the input data word. If a binary weighting is used, each current source has a current which is double the current of the next previous smaller current source. Thus an n-bit DAC would sum n binary weighted current sources in 2 to the nth possible combinations to produce 2 to the nth possible values of the n-bit input word.
Among other applications, DACs are used in systems called direct digital synthesizers (DDS) to generate a sampled, usually periodic, analog waveform from a series of digital words. That is, a continuous function is represented by a series of discrete sample values taken at sample intervals and provided as input data to a DAC. Thus, the sampled analog waveform has a discrete amplitude during a short sampling time period, which then steps to a new amplitude with each new sampling period to produce a waveform that is a well controlled representation of the continuous function. For example, the analog waveform might be a sine function, the sampling periods being discrete intervals of the function. The discrete intervals define values of the sine waveform that are provided as input to the DAC. Such a waveform can be used as a carrier wave in a communications application. DAC's are especially useful in a DDS because the output amplitude of the DAC can be precisely controlled by the values of the digital words, the period of the output waveform can be changed very rapidly, and the sample timing can be controlled by a high precision, periodic clocking signal.
An important parameter of a DDS system generating a sampled analog output waveform is the range of frequencies that can be generated at the output. It is well known that the maximum output bandwidth of a sampled analog waveform is determined by the Nyquist limit to be half of the sampling frequency. To generate a 1 GHz sine wave, for example, it is necessary to sample the function at a frequency of at least 2 GHz, or two data points per cycle. To increase the range of output frequencies that can be generated, the sampling frequency must be increased. High sampling frequencies require DACs that can transition from one output value to another very quickly.
A second important parameter of a DDS system is what is referred to as the spurious response. Many applications for a DDS system require that the output waveform cover a wide range of possible frequencies, and also that the waveform have very low amplitude components at frequencies other than the frequency desired at any particular time. The relative amplitudes of these undesired frequency components define the spurious response. Due to the step-like nature of a sampled waveform, the DDS output waveform contains frequency components that are greater than one-half of the sampling frequency. These frequency components are out of the range of desired output frequencies and make up the out-of-band spurious response. They generally are undesirable, but can be easily removed by a filter which passes only frequencies that are in the desired output frequency range.
A more serious problem with the DDS stems from the spurious frequency components that fall within the desired range of output frequencies. This in-band spurious response is caused primarily by errors in the accuracy of the DAC output amplitude at each sample period. These amplitude errors are due to two sources: the limited resolution determined by the number of bits in the DAC input word; and the limited accuracy with which the analog output matches the value of the digital input word. The number of bits in the DAC input word are determined by the architecture of the system in which the DDS will operate. The accuracy limitations of the DAC analog output stem from two sources: the static accuracy of the current sources, and the transient effects. The static accuracy is a measure of how accurately each current source represents the amplitude associated with a specific bit in the input word. Conventional high precision current sources have been developed, greatly increasing the static accuracy. The transient effects are more troublesome to deal with, and are the subject of this invention. Transient effects will be discussed next in greater detail.
An ideal DAC will step from one output value to another instantaneously. However, all practical DACs will have transient effects and require some time for the output amplitude to settle to each new output value. In switching from one output value, or state, to another all DACs produce what is known as a glitch for the period of time during which the output has not settled to its final dc value. The glitch comprises spurious energy in the output waveform. For high speed DACs the glitch duration may be a significant portion of the total sample time, and this glitch can therefore severely limit the accuracy of the output in matching the value of the digital input.
All DACs produce a glitch during the transition from one output state to another. However, only part of the energy in the glitch actually falls at spurious in-band frequencies. If the glitch energy is constant for each sample step or clock cycle, then this energy occurs at the sampling frequency and/or at higher harmonics. These frequencies are therefore out-of-band and do not cause an in-band spurious frequency problem. They can be filtered out of the output using conventional filtering techniques. Also, if the glitch energy is proportional to the value of the output amplitude, or to the value of the step in the output amplitude, then the glitch energy is at the frequency of the desired output frequency. This also does not cause a spurious frequency problem.
In-band spurious frequencies can be generated if the glitch is dependent on the input data, and on other factors not directly proportional to the values of the amplitudes involved in the output state transition. An example of such data dependent glitches can be seen by examining the transitions between input words 100 . . . 001 and 100 . . . 000, and between 100 . . . 000 and 011 . . . 111. In the first transition only the least significant bit in the input word changes, and only the smallest current source must be switched out of the output summation. All of the other current sources are not switched in the transition but remain steady, and a very small glitch can be expected. The second transition from 100 . . . 000 to 011 . . . 111 is also a one-bit change, but involves switching out the largest current source and switching in all of the remaining current sources. If the switching out of the largest current source is delayed with respect to the switching in of the other current sources, the DAC output will have a large error for a short time interval, and a large glitch energy can be expected. Both the first and second transitions have the same magnitude of change (a difference of one bit) and are very close in amplitude, yet the transitions produce glitch energies that are very different.
Such small data changes with large current-switching effects can occur with regularity in a DDS. In general, the sampling frequency of the analog waveform will not be an integral multiple of the desired periodic output frequency, and the input data will step through sample values that are different data words for each cycle of the desired frequency. For example, if a sine wave is to be produced, the input words comprising the sine values to be converted will not be identical for each cycle. Therefore, transitions with large glitch energies and transitions with small glitch energies will be occurring with periodicities that might be different from the period of the desired output frequency, thus leading to spurious frequencies, some of which can be in-band.
The data dependent glitches can be caused from several sources. The control signals operating the current switches might arrive at the switches skewed in time with respect to each other. This can be due either to non-uniform delays in the individual logic signal source circuitry driving each switch or to differences in the loads presented to each signal source circuit by each switch. Further, the time for each switch to change state will differ slightly, even with the same control signal timing. This effect is made worse by the fact that each switch controls different magnitudes of current; this can also affect switching time. Glitches can also be generated if switches have turn-off times that are different from turn-on times. In addition, there are usually parasitic effects in the switching circuitry that can couple the control signals of the switches directly to the output, thereby producing glitch-like effects.
From the discussion above, it should be apparent that there is a need for a DAC that can operate at high speeds with significantly reduced distortions in the output signal, which are ordinarily caused by switching transients and glitch effects. The present invention satisfies this need.
The present invention provides a switching arrangement in a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with switching control units that substantially eliminate the transient effects that distort the analog output when the DAC transitions from one output value to another. The DAC receives a sequence of data input bits that comprise digital data words representing a sampled input signal. The data is received on input lines coupled to a plurality of electric signal sources that are selectively summed to produce an output signal that represents the sampled input analog signal. For each electric signal source of the DAC, the invention incorporates a switching matrix comprising a set of two series-connected switching control units, or switches, a synchronizing switch and a data switch. A plurality of these sets of series-connected switches are used to perform the DAC function. The synchronizing switch couples the electric signal from the sources to the data switch in a constant periodic manner dependent on the same frequency, while the data switch opens and closes depending on the data input bits to apply the electric signal to the output lines and produce the DAC output signal. The switching control units can take many forms, as described further below, and the electric signal sources can comprise, for example, electric current sources.
A synchronizing switch is advantageously associated with each electric signal source, such as a current source, and operates at the sampling frequency to synchronize the coupling of the current sources at the sampling frequency. The synchronizing switches are all operated concurrently to assure that all current sources are switched to the data switches at substantially the same time. A data switch is also advantageously associated with each current source, and determines which current sources will be summed at the output, depending on the value of the data input bit corresponding to that particular current source. A DAC controller controls the timing of the switching unit operation such that a data switch changes states between open and closed only during a time when the data switch is not carrying current to the output lines. The controller assures such timing by operating the synchronizing switch such that the switch shuts off current to the data switch for a fraction of each cycle of the sampling frequency. This arrangement reduces any glitch caused by skew in the timing between the different bits in the data word. Such a switching structure can be implemented in a variety of ways. The synchronizing switches and the data switches can, for example, comprise single pole switches, or one set of switches can be single pole and the other can be double pole. Finally, all of the switches can advantageously be double pole switches.
Multiple sets of data switches can be provided for each input data bit, such that the input data words are demultiplexed to each set of data switches. That is, two data switches can be connected to each data input bit position, and data can be coupled to first one switch and then the other such that a data switch is opened or closed in response to data only when it is not connected to a current source. In this way, data input words are provided to the DAC at the system clock rate, while the changes in state for each of the data switches occur at half that rate, thus producing out of band noise transients. Such a DAC configuration reduces the switching frequency and reduces the transients due to settling on the lines, thereby largely eliminating distortion in the output signal due to switching transients and glitches.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate by way of example the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a functional schematic diagram of a switching arrangement in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switching arrangement of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a functional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switching arrangement of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a functional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a functional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of a circuit implementation for one bit position of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, and includes a means to cancel control signal feedthrough to the output.
FIG. 8 is a functional schematic diagram of a switching arrangement, using voltage sources, in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a functional schematic diagram of a switching arrangement similar to that of FIG. 1, with the FIG. 1 series switches replaced with shunt switches.
A schematic diagram of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1. The DAC is placed within a device (not shown) for the purpose of converting a stream of digital input values into an analog signal. The device can, for example, comprise a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) in which digital values representing sampled values of a sine function are provided as input to the DAC, which then re-creates the sine function. The DAC includes a set of n precision binary-weighted current sources 10 that are coupled to an output line 12 by a matrix of single pole synchronizing switches 14 and single pole data switches 16. The input data bits are received on n input lines 18 that are coupled to the current sources by the synchronizing switches and the data switches. The operation of the data switches is controlled by the data input bits, while a synchronizing clock 20 controls the synchronizing switches. In particular, the clock controls the synchronizing switches in common such that all of the synchronizing switches are open while the data input bits are clocked to the data switches. This switching operation reduces the transient effects that would otherwise appear on the DAC output line 12.
One data switch 16 is associated with each one of the DAC input lines 18, and is switched into an open state or a closed state depending on the value of the input data bit. For example, if a data input bit is high, the associated data switch is closed, and if the data input bit is low, the data switch is opened. The synchronizing switches 14 operate under control of the synchronizing clock 20, which operates at a predetermined sampling frequency. The timing of both types of switches is shown in FIG. 2, which illustrates that the synchronizing clock 20 generates a CLOCK signal on a signal line 21 to open all of the synchronizing switches 14 at a time T1 for a period during which a data input word is clocked to the data switches 16, with each bit of the data input word going to the data switch associated with the appropriate weighted current source 10. That is, the switches are operated such that the data switches change states only when there is no current flowing through them. The time interval during which the current switches are open is shown in FIG. 2 as the time interval from time T1 to time T3. Sometime during this open interval, the data word is changed to its next value. Because this change occurs when current is not flowing, any skew in the transition times of the different data switches has little effect on the output signal and does not lead to glitches.
At time T3 in FIG. 2, the current synchronizing switches 14 are all closed in unison. Because the data switches 16 have been pre-set to the appropriate position and have reached a settled condition, the currents from the weighted current sources 10 are summed at the output line 12 to a value proportional to the analog value of the input data word. This occurs during the time period T3 to T4 in FIG. 2. At time T4 the synchronizing switches open in unison and the cycle repeats with the next data word.
The arrangement and operation of the switches shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 leads to a reduction of the in-band spurs due to glitches caused by skew between the bits of the data word when the DAC is used in a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) application. Although a glitch is still generated when the synchronizing switches 14 are opened, this glitch occurs regularly, at the sampling frequency, with an amplitude that is dependent only on the value of the output. Therefore, the glitches contribute frequency components only at the desired output frequency, and at the sampling frequency and its harmonics; little or no in-band spurious frequency components are generated by these glitches.
Other variations of the FIG. 1 configuration of a DAC in accordance with the invention are possible and can offer additional benefits. One such variation is shown in the functional schematic diagram of FIG. 3. This variation utilizes a pair of data switches 22 and 24, designated as DATA A switches and DATA B switches, respectively, for each current source 10. The data switches operate under control of a demultiplexer 26. In this configuration, each synchronizing switch 28 is implemented with a double-throw switch. The synchronizing switches are again operated in unison under control of a CLOCK signal from the synchronizing clock 20 over a clock signal line 21 so that the current sources are connected to the data switches 22 and 24 only when the associated data switch is not changing state.
In the DAC Configuration of FIG. 3, two data switches are provided for each current source, referred to as a DATA A switch and a DATA B switch. Therefore, each of the current sources 10 is alternately connected first to a data switch from the DATA A set of switches 22, and then to a data switch from the DATA B set of switches 24. The data words being input to the DAC at the clock 20 sampling rate are demultiplexed onto two sets of data control lines 30 and 32, each line transmitting data at half the sampling rate. Each set of data control lines controls a set of data switches; one set of control lines 30 controls the DATA A switches 22, the other set of data control lines 32 controls the DATA B switches 24. The data words at the input lines 34 of the demultiplexer 26 are directed by the demultiplexer to the alternate sets of control lines 30 and 32. Thus, as a new input word appears on one set of data control lines, the previous word is held stable on the other set of data control lines. Therefore, every other data input word is directed to the DATA A set of lines 30, while the remaining data input words are directed to the DATA B set of lines 32.
The operation of this configuration is described by the timing diagram of FIG. 4. Starting at time T1 of FIG. 4, the synchronizing switches 28 are positioned to connect the current sources 10 to the data switches 24 of the DATA B set. At time T2 the demultiplexer 26 clocks the first data word from the DAC input lines 34 to the data control lines 30 for the DATA A set of data switches 22. At time T3 the synchronizing switches are closed in unison to connect the current sources 10 to the DATA A set of data switches 22 and to disconnect the current sources from the DATA B set of data switches 24. Because the data control lines of the DATA A set of switches have been preset to the first data word and have reached a settled condition, the current at the output lines will transition to a value proportional to the value of the first data word.
At time T4 the demultiplexer 26 clocks the second data word from the DAC input lines 34 to the data control line 32 for the DATA B set of data switches 24, while holding the first data word stable on the DATA A set of control lines 30. At time T5 the synchronizing switches 28 change state, or are flipped, to connect the current sources 10 to the data switches of the DATA B set, and the output signal transitions from a value proportional to the first data word to a value proportional to the second data word. Now the process repeats with the third data word being clocked to the DATA A set of data control lines 30, while the second data word remains stable on the DATA B set of data control lines 32.
The FIG. 3 configuration with demultiplexed data switches offers several advantages over the basic configuration illustrated in FIG. 1. First, the output has a 100% duty factor. The output signal makes a transition from one data word value to the next data word value without going to zero for a short time interval during each sample, as occurs in the case of the basic configuration. This increases the average power of the desired output and decreases the undesired components at the sample frequency. Second, the data switches 22, 24 and the synchronizing switches 28 cycle at a frequency of one-half of the sampling frequency, which can potentially allow the DAC to operate at a higher sampling frequency.
A third DAC configuration in accordance with the invention, having a balanced or differential output, is shown in FIG. 5. This configuration is similar to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1, having a series-connected synchronization switch 40 and data switch 42 connected to each current source 10, which is connected to an output line 44, except that the data switches have a double-throw switch in place of a single-throw switch. The synchronizing switches 40 operate under control of a clock 20 that generates a CLOCK signal received over a clock signal line 21. The data switches receive input data over data lines 43 and are thereby controlled to one switch throw or the other. The operation of the switches is similar to that of the FIG. 1 configuration in that each current source that has a high value for its associated data input bit is connected to the output line 44, except that each current source having a low value, or zero, for its associated bit in the input data word is also connected and summed at a second output line 46.
The data switches 42 are double throw and therefore have two positions, or poles 48 and 49, in their operation, and are connected to one pole 48 if the input data bit is high and are connected to the other pole 49 if the input bit is low. That is, the data switches are connected to the first output line 44 if their associated data bit is high, and are connected to the second output line 46 if their associated data bit is low. Thus, current sources that would not be summed in the FIG. 1 configuration are used in the FIG. 5 configuration with the second output line to generate a second differential output that is proportional to the negative or complement of the input data word.
When the DAC output is taken as the difference between the two signals on the output lines 44 and 46, the desired differential output amplitude is increased over the basic single output line configuration. Also, the second output line 46 generates even harmonics, which are in-phase with the even harmonics of the first output line 44. By taking the difference between the two outputs, these undesired even harmonics are canceled. Thus, the FIG. 5 differential output configuration provides advantages over the configurations of FIGS. 1 and 3.
A fourth DAC configuration in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 6. This configuration has both demultiplexed data switches 50 and 52 operating under control of a demultiplexer 54 and a balanced output appearing on output lines 56 and 58. The configuration is similar to the demultiplexed data switch configuration of FIG. 3 except that the data switches 50 and 52 have a double-throw switch in place of a single-throw switch, and a second output signal is produced on the second output line 58 from the additional throw to form a differential output. The operation timing is also similar to the operation of the FIG. 3 configuration, except that the current sources 10 that have a low value, or zero, for their associated bit in the input data word are connected and summed at the new second output line 58. These current sources, which would not be summed at the output of the configuration of FIG. 3, are used to generate a second output that is proportional to the negative or complement of the data word. As in the balanced output configuration of FIG. 5, the DAC output in FIG. 6 is taken as the difference between the two outputs. This increases the desired output amplitude and decreases the undesired components at the even harmonics.
The configuration of FIG. 6 achieves the advantages of both the demultiplexed input data switch configuration of FIG. 3 and the balanced output configuration of FIG. 5. Also, an additional advantage is achieved by the FIG. 6 configuration in that the current sources 10 are never switched to an open condition in which no current flows, as occurs in the operation of the previous configurations. Rather, they are always connected to the output lines by one set of data switches 50 or the other 52. Although practical circuits can be designed to accommodate the open condition, the illustrated configuration avoids the added complexity and therefore is preferred.
The FIG. 6 configuration achieves its advantages by demultiplexing the input data appearing on the DAC input lines 60 under control of a demultiplexer 54. The demultiplexer produces two sequences of data for each bit position of the input data word, one sequence being delivered to the first set of data switches 50 over data control lines 51 and the other sequence being delivered to the second set of data switches 52 over data control lines 53. For example, the bits of a first input data word are directed to the first set of data switches 50, the bits of a second input data word are directed to the second set of data switches 52, the bits of a third input data word are directed to the first set of switches 50, and so forth. Although a pair of switches 50a and 52a are shown for the first bit position and a pair of switches 50n and 52n are shown for the nth position, it is understood that a pair is provided for each bit position.
Each one of the bit positions of the DAC is coupled to one of the precision current sources 10 by a synchronizing switch 62. The synchronizing switches operate under control of the synchronizing clock 20 by a CLOCK signal received over a control line 64. Each one of the pairs of data switches 50 and 52 is operated so as to change state only when no current is flowing through the switches. After one set of data switches has changed state and reached a settled condition, the synchronizing switches 62 are simultaneously closed to apply current to the data switches and the output lines. During this time, the other set of data switches is changing state, and when they have reached a settled condition the synchronizing switches will be operated so as to connect the second set of data switches to the current sources. In this way, transient effects and glitches on the output lines are substantially reduced.
Practical realizations of switching devices that might be used in the construction of a DAC often include parasitic elements that can couple voltage changes on the control line of the switch to the output of the switch even when the switch is in an open circuit condition. For example, if the switches are realized with a field effect transistor (FET) device, and the gate of the FET is used as the control, parasitic capacitances from the gate to the drain and source of the FET can couple voltage changes at the gate to the drain and source even when no current is flowing through the device. This effect can cause data dependent glitches to appear at the output of the DAC and produce in-band spurs.
A method of cancelling such parasitic effects is achieved in the configuration of FIG. 7, which shows a particular circuit realization of the data switches 50 and 52 for one of the bit positions from FIG. 6. This configuration, for example, can be implemented with field effect transistor (FET) devices constructed in gallium arsenide that are sized in proportion to the current they will carry. For each data switch, for example 50a and 52a, two FET-type devices are required. Thus, the data switch 50a is implemented with two FETs 70 and 72, and the data switch 52a is implemented with two FETs 74 and 76. Likewise, the current switch 62 associated with the data switches is implemented with two FETs 78 and 80. The FIG. 7 configuration includes a balanced output and the use of an additional dummy switch 82 and 84 for every data switch 50 and 52, respectively. The dummy switches are connected to the outputs lines 56 and 58, but are never connected to a current source 10. The controls for the dummy switches are connected to the data control lines 51 and 53 to produce a throw that is opposite that of the data switches 50 and 52 with respect to the outputs 56 and 58, respectively. Each pair of associated data switches and dummy switches 50 and 82 and also 52 and 84 are oppositely connected to the output lines 56 and 58. In this way, the parasitic effects of the switches 50 and 52 are cancelled.
At the time the voltages on the gates of the data switches 50 or 52 are changing, no current is flowing in the switch, and therefore the parasitic gate to drain and source coupling effect of the data switches are identical to that of the dummy switches, which also have no current flow. For every path of coupling between the controls and outputs through the data switches, there exists an identical path of coupling through the dummy switches to the opposite output. Because the output of the DAC is taken as the difference between the two outputs 56 and 58, glitches due to the coupling through the data switches 50 and 52 are canceled by the coupling through the dummy switches 82 and 84. In effect, the dummy switches generate a switching transient having an equal and opposite magnitude as the transient generated by each corresponding data switch. This leads to a reduction both in the data dependent glitches at the output of the DAC and in the in-band spurious response of the DDS. Like the data switches themselves, the dummy switches are implemented with two FET-type devices each. Thus, the first dummy switch 82 includes two FETs 86 and 88, and the second dummy switch 84 includes two FETs 90 and 92.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the FET devices of the two-FET implementation shown in FIG. 7 operate in accordance with a control signal and an inverse control signal. For example, the synchronizing control line 64 includes a first CLOCK signal line 94 and a second inverse CLOCK signal line 96. The CLOCK signal appears on the first line and the inverse CLOCK signal appears on the second line. Similarly, the data control lines 51 and 53 each include a data signal line and an inverse data signal line 98, 100 and 102, 104, respectively.
The present invention provides a high speed DAC that substantially eliminates the transient switching effects and glitches that distort the output signal of conventional DACs. A set of two series-connected switching units, a data switch and a synchronizing switch, are coupled between each current source and the DAC output lines. The synchronizing switches couple current from the current sources to the data switches such that the synchronizing switches change states approximately simultaneously and the data switches change states only when they are not carrying current. The synchronizing switches operate under control of a synchronizing clock. The switches can comprise single throw or double throw switches. Two sets of data switches can be provided for each bit position such that alternating data input words are directed to each set of data switches. In such a configuration, data input words are provided to the DAC at the system clock rate, while the changes in state for the data control lines occur at one-half the system clock rate. Various filtering schemes will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art for dealing with the half frequency noise transients.
The current sources described above can be replaced by a plurality of voltage sources, in which case the output signal will be the result of summed voltages. One embodiment using voltage source is illustrated in FIG. 8, in which a plurality of binary-weighted voltage sources 110 producing voltages V1, V2, . . . , VN are connected to an output line 112 having an amplifier 114 and resistor 116. A plurality of synchronizing switches 118 are connected to the voltage sources, one switch for each source, and a data switch 120 is provided in series with each synchronizing switch, connected to the output line. The data switches are operated in response to data received over data lines 122. A coupling resistor 124 is connected between each data switch 120 and the output line 112. As before, the synchronizing switches operate under control of a synchronizing clock 126, which provides a CLOCK signal over control lines 128. Other configurations of voltage sources in accordance with the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing description.
There are additional ways in which the principles of the present invention can be realized. For example, the switching arrangement illustrated in FIG. 9 is similar in operation to that of FIG. 1, except that the series-connected synchronizing switches of FIG. 1 have been replaced with shunt switches 130. As before, the switching arrangement includes a plurality of electrical signal sources 10 that are coupled to an output line 12, and data switches 16 respond to data received over data input lines 18. The shunt switches 130 perform the same function as the synchronizing switches of FIG. 1 by controlling the application of the weighted electrical signal sources to the data switches, but do so by shorting the electrical signal sources, effectively disconnecting the sources from the data switches. The shunt switches operate in response to a CLOCK signal received over a control line 21 from the synchronizing clock 20.
The FIG. 9 configuration follows the principles of the invention in that, although the summation of the electrical signal sources 10, such as current sources, is controlled by the digital data word acting on the data switches 16, the timing of when the summation of the currents appears at the output line 12 is controlled by the modulation of the signal sources, which is done through the use of the synchronizing switches 130. As explained above, conventional DACs control the summation of currents by synchronizing the bits of the digital data word, and conventional sampling techniques control the output timing by a sampling switch that samples the signal after the weighted signal sources have been summed. The present invention provides the benefits of reduced high-speed switching transients and glitches in any one of the various embodiments described above.
While the present invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that variations may occur to those skilled in the art. The particular components selected and their interconnections, for example, can be varied without departing from the teachings of the present invention. For example: the current sources can be other than binary weighted and can be on the integrated circuit chip implementation or can be off-chip; the current sources can be substituted with suitable weighted sources, such as voltage sources, with the switching matrix summing the weighted sources at the outputs; a higher order of multiplexing can be used; and the switches can be implemented in materials other than gallium arsenide, such as silicon. The invention, therefore, should not be seen as limited to the particular apparatus described herein, but it should be understood that the present invention has wide applicability with respect to digital-to-analog converters. Such alternative configurations can be achieved by those skilled in the art in view of the description above.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 21, 1973
|Apr 8, 1975
|Texas Instruments Inc
|Antiglitch digital to analog converter system
|Jan 21, 1982
|Sep 20, 1983
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Digital-to analog converter having supplementary currents to enhance low current switching speed
|May 4, 1983
|Jun 4, 1985
|Burr-Brown Corporation
|Circuit and method for reducing non-linearity in analog output current due to waste current switching
|May 18, 1984
|Jan 21, 1986
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Circuit for preserving the magnitude of the dc component in a pulsed current source
|May 18, 1984
|May 6, 1986
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Binary scaled current array source for digital to analog converters
|Jul 18, 1984
|May 27, 1986
|Rca Corporation
|Digital-to-analog conversion system as for use in a digital TV receiver
|May 3, 1985
|Jan 6, 1987
|Thompson Robert R
|Small animal trap
|Nov 20, 1985
|Jan 27, 1987
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Electronic sampler switch
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 29, 1995
|Mar 25, 1997
|Trw Inc.
|Distortion suppressor for digital-to-analog converter
|Dec 11, 1995
|Mar 9, 1999
|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
|Balanced digital-to-analog converter
|Mar 18, 1998
|Jun 13, 2000
|Sony Corporation
|Multibit digital to analog converter having deglitch means with current switching
|Apr 27, 1999
|Jun 26, 2001
|Rohm Co., Ltd.
|Data conversion device
|Aug 3, 2001
|Dec 24, 2002
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|D/A converter
|Oct 17, 2002
|Feb 10, 2004
|The Boeing Company
|Digital-to-analog upconverter
|Jun 12, 2002
|Jul 13, 2004
|Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
|Reduced power analog-to-digital converter and method thereof
|Sep 17, 2004
|Jan 31, 2006
|Pulselink, Inc.
|Digital to analog converter
|Mar 19, 2003
|Aug 29, 2006
|Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
|Digital to analog conversion
|Feb 7, 2006
|Mar 18, 2008
|Nokia Corporation
|Digital-to-radio frequency conversion device, chip set, transmitter, user terminal and data processing method
|Jan 28, 2010
|Jul 23, 2013
|Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation
|Current-switching cell and digital-to-analog converter
|Sep 11, 2009
|Aug 19, 2014
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|System and method for generating a defined pulse
|Sep 12, 2013
|Mar 10, 2015
|Fujitsu Semiconductor Limited
|Circuitry and methods for use in mixed-signal circuitry
|Mar 14, 2013
|Nov 10, 2015
|Intel Mobile Communications GmbH
|Variable-size mixer for high gain range transmitter
|Mar 19, 2003
|Sep 1, 2005
|Westra Jan R.
|Digital to analog conversion
|Feb 7, 2006
|Aug 9, 2007
|Eloranta Petri T
|Digital-to-radio frequency conversion device, chip set, transmitter, user terminal and data processing method
|Mar 10, 2011
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|System and method for generating a defined pulse
|Mar 14, 2013
|Aug 8, 2013
|Jose Pedro Moreira
|Variable-size mixer for high gain range transmitter
|Aug 29, 2014
|Mar 12, 2015
|Fujitsu Semiconductor Limited
|Circuitry and methods for use in mixed-signal circuitry
|Sep 12, 2013
|Mar 12, 2015
|Fujitsu Semiconductor Limited
|Circuitry and methods for use in mixed-signal circuitry
|Jan 28, 2010
|Jan 29, 2014
|Current switch cell and digital/analog converter
|Feb 6, 2007
|Nov 5, 2008
|Nokia Corporation
|Digital-to-radio frequency conversion device, chip set, transmitter, user terminal and data processing method
|Jan 28, 2010
|Nov 2, 2011
|Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation
|Current switch cell and digital/analog converter
|May 10, 2001
|Dec 6, 2001
|Rockwell Technologies, Llc
|Track/attenuate circuit and method for switched current source dac
|May 10, 2001
|Oct 30, 2003
|Rockwell Tech Llc
|Track/attenuate circuit and method for switched current source dac
|Mar 19, 2003
|Nov 6, 2003
|Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
|Digital to analog conversion
|Mar 19, 2003
|Dec 24, 2003
|Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv
|Digital to analog conversion
|Feb 10, 2004
|Sep 23, 2004
|Raytheon Company
|Digital-phase to digital amplitude translator with first bit off priority coded output for input to unit weighed digital to analog converter
|Feb 10, 2004
|Nov 18, 2004
|Raytheon Co
|Digital-phase to digital amplitude translator with first bit off priority coded output for input to unit weighed digital to analog converter
|Aug 31, 2010
|Mar 10, 2011
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|System and method for generating a defined pulse
|Aug 31, 2010
|Jun 16, 2011
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|System and method for generating a defined pulse
|U.S. Classification
|341/144, 341/118, 341/141
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 10, 1990
Owner name: MAGNAVOX GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS COM
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HERMAN, RAY M.;MC KAY, ANTHONY L.;CHAO, ANDREW M.;REEL/FRAME:005473/0404
Effective date: 19900919
|Nov 12, 1991
Owner name: MAGNAVOX ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS COMPANY
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:MAGNAVOX GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS COMPANY A CORP. OF DELAWARE;REEL/FRAME:005900/0278
Effective date: 19910916
|Dec 20, 1993
Owner name: MESC ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS, INC., DISTRICT OF COLUMBI
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MAGONOVOX ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:006817/0071
Effective date: 19931022
|Dec 29, 1993
Owner name: CITICORP USA, INC., NEW YORK
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MESC ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:006818/0404
Effective date: 19931022
|Nov 3, 1994
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 6, 1996
Owner name: MAGNAVOX ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS COMPANY, INDIANA
Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP USA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:007927/0104
Effective date: 19951214
Owner name: MAGNAVOX ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS COMPANY, INDIANA
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP USA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:007927/0147
Effective date: 19941219
Owner name: MESC ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS, INC., INDIANA
Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP USA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:008098/0523
Effective date: 19940831
|Apr 30, 1998
Owner name: HUGHES ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HE HOLDINGS INC.;HUGHES ELECTRONICS, FORMERLY KNOWN AS HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:009342/0796
Effective date: 19971217
|Nov 4, 1998
Owner name: HE HOLDINGS INC., DBA HUGHES ELECTRONICS, CALIFORN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:009375/0528
Effective date: 19971217
|Apr 12, 1999
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Apr 21, 2003
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
$7.19Nathalie Grainger, a perfume consultant with extensive experience of client fragrance profiles and fragrance training, was commissioned by Quintessentially Perfume to compile and create this luxurious hard-back book. Quintessentially Perfume pays homage to a cross section of niche and mainstream perfume houses focusing on their different philosophies and backgrounds. Nathalie Grainger wrote the
Quintessentially Living: Volume 2Quintessentially Living is a collection of some of the finest and most exciting home interiors companies, manufacturers and selected designers. Covering all areas of luxury living; from full turnkey design solutions to one off bespoke creations, the book captivates readers with beautiful photography and informative pieces on the featured companies. In addition to this, included in the book are
$7.19Nathalie Grainger, a perfume consultant with extensive experience of client fragrance profiles and fragrance training, was commissioned by Quintessentially Perfume to compile and create this luxurious hard-back book. Quintessentially Perfume pays homage to a cross section of niche and mainstream perfume houses focusing on their different philosophies and backgrounds. Nathalie Grainger wrote the
$12.99The quintessential guide to the one hundred most glorious perfumes in the world. When Luca Turin and Tania Sanchez published Perfumes: The Guide in 2008, it was hailed as "ravishingly entertaining" by John Lanchester in The New Yorker, "witty and knowledgeable" on Style.com, and "provocative and hugely entertaining" by the Times Literary Supplement. The Little Book of Perfumes focuses on just one
$14.99The first book of its kind: a definitive guide to the world of perfume Luca Turin and Tania Sanchez are experts in the world of scent. Turin, a renowned scientist, and Sanchez, a longtime perfume critic, have spent years sniffing the world's most elegant and beautiful—as well as some truly terrible—perfumes. In Perfumes: The Guide, they combine their talents and experience to review more than
A Year Inside the Perfume Industry in Paris and New YorkFrom the New York Times perfume critic, a stylish, fascinating, unprecedented insider's view of the global perfume industry, told through two creators working on two very different scents.No journalist has ever been allowed into the ultrasecretive, highly pressured process of originating a perfume. But Chandler Burr, the New York Times perfume critic, spent a year behind the scenes observing the
$7.99The Perfume Lover is a candid personal account of the process of composing a fragrance, filled with sensual scent descriptions, sexy tidbits, and historical vignettes.What if the most beautiful night in your life inspired a perfume? When Denyse Beaulieu was growing up near Montreal, perfume was forbidden in her house, spurring a childhood curiosity that became an intellectual and sensual passion.
Pretty Honest: The Straight-Talking Beauty CompanionA witty, wise and truthful beauty handbook for real women on what works in real life from Sali Hughes, beloved journalist and broadcaster. "Pour yourself a drink, put on some lipstick and pull yourself together" Elizabeth Taylor Beauty books. Exquisite coffee-table affairs featuring improbably beautiful models with wholly-unachievable-to-most women looks, product review-heavy volumes which become
$9.99A remarkable novel about secrets, desire, memory, passion, and possibility.Newlywed Grace Monroe doesn't fit anyone's expectations of a successful 1950s London socialite, least of all her own. When she receives an unexpected inheritance from a complete stranger, Madame Eva d'Orsey, Grace is drawn to uncover the identity of her mysterious benefactor.Weaving through the decades, from 1920s New York
A Night In With Audrey HepburnHilarious, heart-warming and the perfect girl's night in. For fans of Sophie Kinsella and Lindsey Kelk. ROFL funny!! Unlucky in love, failed actress Libby Lomax has retreated into the world of classic movies, where the immortal lives of the screen goddesses offer so much more in the way of romance than her own life.After a terrible day on the set of a cult TV sci-fi series where she has proved
$12.79One of the New York Times Book Review's 10 Best Books of the YearON MORE THAN 25 BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR LISTS: including TIME (#1 Nonfiction Book), NPR, O, The Oprah Magazine (10 Favorite Books), Vogue (Top 10), Vanity Fair, Washington Post, Boston Globe, Chicago Tribune, Seattle Times, San Francisco Chronicle (Top 10), Miami Herald, St. Louis Post Dispatch, Minneapolis Star Tribune (Top 10),
$11.99Instant #1 New York Times Bestseller! The book that has outraged the social elite! "Eye-popping" —People "Amusing, perceptive and…deliciously evil" —The New York Times Book Review "Juicy, sexy, bawdy stuff" —New York Daily News "Think Gossip Girl, but with a sociological study of the parents." —InStyle.com Like an urban Dian Fossey, Wednesday Martin decodes the primate ...