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New Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Bills: Ample Leeway for Corporate Land Grab
This January marked two years of the Kaliganagar massacre and one year of the first assaults on the peasants of Nandigram. In the ensuing period, Kalinganagars and Nandigrams have multiplied, even as ruling parties of all hues are united in their policy of SEZs, corporate land grab and state repression on movements, and the people and peasantry are united in their determination to intensify their resistance. In the first week of January this year, Congress' Digambar Kamat Government in Goa was forced to bow to overwhelming public opinion and people's movements and scrap all SEZs in Goa; Congress in fact has blamed the SEZ lobby for trying to destabilise its Goa Government! In the same week, Union minister for Commerce Kamal Nath sent a detailed report to the PM, extolling the success stories of the SEZ policy which is set to complete two years of its enactment soon.
As life and death battles being waged across the length and breadth of the nation on the issue of land acquisition, and as the policies of corporate land grab stand thoroughly exposed and discredited, governments seem to be following the classic 'carrot and stick policy' whereby resistance movements have been brutally dealt through police firings in Nandigram, Singur, Dadri and innumerable other places and simultaneously attempts are made to contain the anger by offering a new Land Acquisition Amendment Bill and the National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill, to be introduced in the winter session of the Parliament. The stated objectives of these bills are to "strike a balance between the need for land for development and other public purposes and protecting interests of the persons whose lands are statutorily acquired." However, on a close examination of the provisions of the proposed amendments one realises that the balance is heavily tilted against the "affected persons".
The Land Acquisition Bill 2007, in the statement of objects and purposes, admits that 'public purpose' for which land is to be acquired has to be defined. However, it very categorically enlarges the scope of 'public purpose' clause to include a huge swathe of public facilities, from electricity, communication and water supply to mining. The admission of mining as a category in infrastructure projects for public purpose is particularly dangerous given the fact that mining-related projects in the last decade have proved to be crystal clear examples of corporate loot. Mining projects include captive mines of private steel/power companies and 100% export mines and mining SEZs, the latest case in point being the POSCO project in Jagatsinghpur in Orissa. On the second anniversary of Kalinganagar massacre, which serves as a 'warning' to tribal poor of the consequence of resisting land grab in Orissa, it is nothing but an irony of sorts that mining projects have been included in the public purpose clause.
The public purpose infrastructure clause goes on to include "Any other public facility as may be notified by the Central Govt" which leaves ample scope for land acquisition for any purpose which may or may not be in public interest.
The 1894 Act had a provision for the state acquiring land for private companies. The 2007 amendment bill in its statement of objects mentions that "it is desirable to omit the (this) provision of the act" in the interest of a "fair arrangement of willing buyer willing seller" though the "willing seller willing buyer" arrangement might not always be "fair" given the muscle power private companies wield. However, the new bill talks of state intervention for land acquisition for private companies to a "limited" extent of up to 30 per cent. At present, the bill, and the policy on land acquisition announced by the Union Government earlier, state that the state governments can acquire up to 30 percent of the "total area required" for reasons of contiguity. For this, in practice, letters of intents from neighbouring landowners are to be produced for the state to start notifying acquisition of land from unwilling landowners identified by the private company. This is an obnoxious practice as moneybags can easily obtain fake LoIs to get the state acquire any amount of land they require from unwilling landowners. Moreover, private land mafia and goons and powerful politicians are being deployed by them in numerous instances to coerce the landowners to sell their land under force, for instance in cases like Kakinada SEZ and in for SEZs in Sriperumpudur, at Pallikkaranai near Chennai IT Corridor and in Anantapur in AP or Nandagudi near Bangalore. Very clearly the state would intervene not to protect the vulnerable land losers but state power would be used to force unwilling landowners to surrender their land. This 30 per cent leeway given to government to acquire land has come as a sigh of relief for private investors and promoters as there has been land acquisition by the state has been forced on the back foot since April last year following violent protests by farmers.
In the 'Notes on Clauses' in the Land Acquisition (Amendment) Bill 2007, it is mentioned that "Clause 4 seeks to insert new section 1A to provide for application of provisions of Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill 2007 for land acquisition under this act". Interestingly, the Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill 2007 – which has been made applicable for cases of land acquisition under this proposed act for land acquisition – defines the party for which the land is being acquired thus: '"requiring body" means a company, a body corporate, an institution, or any other organisation for whom land is to be acquired by the appropriate Government, and includes the appropriate Government, if the acquisition of land is for such Government either for its own use or for subsequent transfer of such land in public interest to a company, body corporate, an institution, or any other organisation, as the case may be, under lease, licence or through any other mode of transfer of land' [3 (t)].
If both the bills are to be applicable simultaneously for all projects then it is quite evident that land would be acquired by the state for a government body/quasi government body/joint sector promoters and can be handed over on sale or lease to private companies given the fact that Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) is the new mantra for "development" today. The "restriction" on private companies would hold no meaning in such cases.
Infrastructure and amenities to be provided in the resettlement sites have not been specified in the Bill. Only some unspecified amount of profit of the requiring body is to be spent on vague developmental activities in the resettlement area which is left to the discretion of the Government. Experiences of the oustees of almost all development projects in the last fifty years are a pointer to the dismal record of government in providing even minimal facilities like drinking water, schools, proper housing facilities etc. One has to only to take a round of 'vasavats' in Narmada Valley or resettlement sites of Hirakud project affected people to see this; the story of denial of rehabilitation is same everywhere.
The Rehabilitation Bill does not provide any guaranteed land-for-land compensation which has been one of the major demands of all movements against land acquisition all over the country and was also admitted by the Apex court in case of Narmada Bachao Andolan as "the principle" of compensation.
Employment to one person of each displaced "may be" given, provided he/she meets necessary skills etc. It is not obligatory on the part of land grabbers. It is evident that farmers who stand to lose their only source of livelihood in the form of their land do not possess necessary skills to be employed either as automobile engineers in Ratan Tata's car factory or chemical engineers Reliance's petro-chemical project. This vague clause absolves corporates of any responsibility to provide any alternate source of livelihood to the oustees. Any claim for employment can be turned down using the skills shield.
There is no explicit provision in the Bill to give it retrospective to make it applicable to all cases of land acquisition of the past. Though the UPA leaders including the Prime Minister and all other concerned ministers have gone on record that this bill was being brought in because of the resistance to SEZs, there is no clear-cut and categorical provision that this Bill, when enacted, would be applicable in all cases of SEZs even if their approval and notification had preceded the passage of this Bill.
The UPA Government's proposed amendments to the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and its proposed R&R Bill are likely to be welcomed by the CPI(M) which has been demanding such enactments for long; but it is clear that these pieces of legislation are intended to smooth the way for land grab by giving it a veneer of respectability and restraint - rather than to protect the peasant from land grab. For the people's movements waging struggle armed with the legacy of Kalinganagar and Nandigram, the UPA Government's New Year gifts are a mockery. Nothing short of scrapping of the Land Acquisition Act 1894 and SEZ Act 2005 can be acceptable to the peasants resisting land grab.
Mona Das
Shylock Can Never Return the Pound of Flesh…
Even where SEZs are defeated, it seems that land acquired for SEZs can't be returned! See the press clipping below:
Goa SEZ issue referred to law ministry
Business Standard, New Delhi January 22, 2008
The commerce ministry has asked the law ministry to give its views on the request by the Goa government to de-notify three special economic zones (SEZs) in the state.
"We have asked the law ministry for their views on the matter. Subsequently, the Board will take a final decision in a meeting in February," said Commerce Secretary G KPillai on the sidelines of the India-UK CEO roundtable.
According to Pillai, even if the SEZs were stripped of the notified status, the infrastructure that has been constructed will remain and will continue to function as an industrial unit.
The SEZ Act, 2005, does not have provisions for de-notifying a zone. "The issue is complex. The central government will need a special ordinance, which will give the Board of Approval the power to de-notify a zone," said Hitender Mehta, head of the Gurgaon office of legal firm, Vaish Associates.
'People's Car' at People's Cost
THE Indian media is full of celebratory paeans of praise for Tata's 'revolutionary' new 'People's Car' - Nano, which costs a mere Rs. 1 lakh and is all set to replace two-wheelers as India's small-budget vehicle of choice. A typical sample is the editorial in the Hindu which hailed Ratan Tata as a 'visionary' who turned the 'utopian' dream of a low-cost car into a reality, and branded protests against the car as 'murmurs of doubt and jealousy'. This editorial echoed Ratan Tata's own claim of how he was motivated by the social responsibility of providing a family car for people who use scooters.
Ratan Tata has also claimed that he decided to locate his factory in W Bengal as a favour to the state, as a "leap of faith", "so that more investment could flow to the region". With the Tata's car plant at Singur, what is the truth? Has Tata's investment flowed to Bengal, or have Bengal's taxpayers' money flowed to subsidise Tata? Is the 'world's cheapest car' a generous gift of the 'visionary' Ratan Tata to India and the world? Or does its affordability come at a heavy cost of the land, lives and livelihood of the people of Singur?
A year ago, the CPI(M)'s West Bengal Government had claimed that land acquired for the Tata factory at Singur was single-cropped and not fertile, and moreover was acquired with the farmers' 'consent'. Both claims have by now been proved false - and it is not just CPI(M)'s opponents in W Bengal who recognise this but even their Left Front ally, the Forward Bloc. The Forward Bloc holds that the land is highly fertile; that the Chief Minister's assurance to the Left Front that the land was infertile was a lie; and is demanding a relocation of the Tata plant away from Singur. The West Bengal Government itself has accepted in Court that out of the 997.11 acres acquired for the Tata car plant, owners of just 287.5 acres gave consent; the clear implication is that the bulk of the land has been grabbed by force.
The sops that subsidised the 'people's car' and allowed Tata to offer it at such a low cost are not minor. Economist and former West Bengal Finance Minister Ashok Mitra estimates that the sops given to the Tatas by the West Bengal Government were to the tune of 850 crore rupees. The Tatas were required to pay the West Bengal state government a fraction of the Rs 150 crore spent by the latter to acquire the land; and also received a Rs. 200 crore loan carrying a nominal interest of 1%. Further, the lease agreement provides that the entire proceeds for the first ten years of the value-added tax on the sale of the Nano in West Bengal are to be handed back to the Tatas, also at the nominal interest of only 1%.
Ratan Tata claimed that he located the car plant at Singur to "definitely improve the quality of life in the entire Hooghly district". The facts, however, show that since Tata came to Singur, the reasonably well-off community of Singur has been brought to the brink of starvation and suicide. As for the myth of jobs, this has fast come undone. The casual workers working as watch-men or security guards at the car plant are already in protest, because it is clear that they will lose their jobs as soon as the construction is complete.
Environmental wisdom (which urgently calls for a reduction in burning of fossil fuels) and people-friendly public policy the world over requires that public transport be encouraged, subsidised and given priority in city planning guidelines. In contrast, Indian governments tax public transport highly and subsidise the super-rich Tatas! In a situation where public transport is increasingly being privatised, is unsafe, uncomfortable and irregular, the middle class naturally prefers private transport, and welcome the idea of an affordable car. It is another matter that no number of cheap cars can make travel comfortable for Indians; rather, this can only contribute to further congestion and pollution in the already crowded cities and towns. Any number of 'visionary' Nanos are no substitute for a properly planned and affordable public transport network that alone can make travel more bearable for India's public.
Kavita Krishnan
If You're Ratan Tata…
You get to pose as 'public purpose' even as you swindle public money!
The lease amount to be paid by Tatas for: Rs.1000 crore for nearly 1000 acres, to be paid over a period of 45 years - is nothing but a swindle; and in effect this downright loot of land is what allows Tata to boast of 'people's car' and 'public purpose'!
Tatas to pay Rs 1,000 cr for Singur land lease
Business Line August 23 2007
Kolkata, Aug. 22 Tata Motors today informed the Calcutta High Court that it would pay West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation (WBIDC) an amount in the region of Rs 1,000 crore in a phased manner for the Singur land lease of 90 years for its small car project.
Stating that the land in Singur for the project was not gifted to the Tatas, WBIDC counsel, Mr S. Pal, produced before the court the deed of lease executed between WBIDC and Tata Motors Ltd, indicating the premium and rent that Tata motors would have to pay on different slabs of increase.
For the first five years, Tata Motors would have to pay Rs 1 crore per annum while in the next 10 years, it would pay Rs 10 crore per annum. In the next 30 years, it would pay Rs 20 crore per annum.
Kolkata HC Verdict: Singur Land Grab for 'Public Purpose'?
"Laws grind the poor, and rich men rule the law" - Oliver Goldsmith
MUCH before Marx's inference that in a class-based society justice can only be in the interests of the class in power, Oliver Goldsmith wrote in the 18th Century that law was a shot in the arm of the rich to 'grind' the poor. Little wonder, Reuters wired a story gleefully, featured in the Guardian of London, stating that an Indian court "threw out a slew of complaints against a factory to build the world's cheapest car, saying there was no anomaly in the acquisition of land for the project by Tata Motors." The division bench of the High Court of Calcutta comprising Chief Justice S.S. Nijjar and Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghosh said the acquisition of 997.11 acres of land at Singur was made following all proper methodology and the process was quite legal. In other words, the 217-page judgment held the acquisition was in 'public purpose', according to Section 3 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, thus rejecting about half a dozen of public interest litigations which challenged the acquisition as improper.
The perception that $2500 Tata Nano cars, scheduled to roll out from the Singur plant, is for public purpose is questionable. The 1985 Amendment to the 1894 Act, defining "Public Purpose" for land acquisition, lists inter alia educational institutions or schemes such as housing, health or slum clearance, apart from the projects for rural planning or formation of sites. Furthermore, the term, 'appropriate Government', here means the Central Government if the purpose for acquisition is for the Union Government requirement and for other purposes it is the State Government. Local authorities, societies registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 and co-operative societies established under the Co-operative Societies Act can also acquire the land for developmental activities through the government, as per Gazette subsequent notifications extending the Act to other categories. Acquisition by the West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation Ltd, a state government undertaking, was in order, according to the Act, but how transfer of the same to a private corporate entity serves public interest or purpose, especially on moral or ethical grounds, remains questionable.
Former Chief Justice of Bombay High Court, Chittatosh Mookerjee, at a seminar in early 2007, pointed out another flaw in the acquisition. The authority, he said, did not implement the provision that after receiving the objections, the authority will have to hold an enquiry into the actual extent of land proposed to be acquired and the value of the land, nor did it make any assessment before acquisition, under Sections, 8, 9 and 11 of the Act. This was essential as over two-thirds of land acquired in the early 1950s for the Hindustan Motors at Konnagar were left unused for about five decades. The Left Front Government amended laws to enable the Birlas to sell the land on the plea of meeting workers' dues.
It seems the judges of Calcutta HC given the Singur plant the "public purpose" certificate on the pretext that it would generate "employment and development" in the whole area. This is a travesty of reality, about the automobile industry and Tata Motors in general and the Singur factory in particular.
At Singur, the Tatas were gifted 997.11 acres of land; for a similar factory at the SIDCUL industrial estate at Rudrapur, Uttarakhand, the Tatas have aquired another 100 acres, also reportedly for the manufacture of the Nano. Leave aside the propriety of terming the Nano 'public purpose'; let us ask, why does such a small care require such huge tracts of land - nearly 2000 acres? The Premier Automobiles/Fiat used to have its car plant at Kurla on just 53 acres. The erstwhile Standard Motors unit in Maraimalai Nagar/Vandalur in Chennai was located in just 58 acres. Ford Motors (India) has now purchased that plant and is producing cars like Ikon and Fiesta on just a part of that 58 acre plot. The original Gurgaon plant of Maruti-Suzuki was on 282.56 acres while its new Manesar facility acquired by the Suzuki is on 560 acres. The Gurgaon plant produces 3.5 lakh cars per annum but Manesar with double the land size is expected to produce only 1 lakh cars, and the ultimate installed capacity of both these Maruti-Suzuki plants is 9.5 lakh cars. Tata Motors would be producing 1 lakh cars initially and the proposed installed capacity of both the Singur and Rudrapur plants is just 3.5 lakh cars; with about one-third of Maruti-Suzuki's capacity, why does Tata need three times as much land? Exactly what is the noble 'public purpose' to which Tata will put this fertile land?
The answer is fairly predictable. The Tatas are into real estate in a big way through Tata Realty with about Rs. 4000 crore capital fund, apart from Telcon, manufacturing construction machinery and equipment in collaboration with the Jaqpanese Hitachi and Tata Construction and Projects, which is mainly involved in the construction of industrial and infrastructural projects. All these apart, Tata Housing Development Company is developing IT Parks in Bangalore and in the IT Corridor in Chennai also it is expected to promote a massive township around a new complex for TCS. The size of land acquired at Singur, larger than that of any car plant, makes sense only in this backdrop. In what way can such elite real estate 'development' be in 'public purpose', especially when it is replacing fertile land that was producing three crops and sustaining the livelihood of some 10, 000 people?
And what about the claim of providing 'employment'? While uprooting thousands, the Tata Motors factory is not expected to generate direct employment for even 1000. Even Maruti-Suzuki with three times the ultimate production target of Tata Motors, has employed just around 3500 contract labourers in addition to 1500 total permanent staff, including regular workers and management staff. Ford Motors in Chennai has just 360 permanent workers on its rolls. No modern car production unit can have employment in thousands, thanks to the modern automated technology, and this is the source of crisis for all global auto majors.
Tata has claimed to have provided 'training' for 6-9 months to some 400-odd local youth of Singur at some ITIs. We all know it takes at least 2 years' training to pass as a skilled machinist/welder/auto worker; clearly, these youth would end up as unskilled or semi-skilled helpers. Further, there is no assurance that Tata will actually employ them in its car plant.
Bhumibarta, mouthpiece of the West Bengal Land and Land Reforms Officers' Association, carried an article by Amar Chattopadhyay, an expert on matters pertaining to land and land laws, last year. He referred to Para 23 of a circular (1701-LA, dated 6 June 2006) by the Land & Land Revenue Department captioned 'Possession only after payment' – "Along with and as soon as award money is paid in connection with any land acquired, the possession of such land shall be immediately handed over to the requiring body and the possession of the acquired land to the requiring body shall be a continuous process and completed within 15 days after payment of award money". Even today, compensation has not been received for over 300 acres of land, acquired for the Tatas.
Let us not speculate about the fate of appeal which is likely to be lodged with the Supreme Court. The Earl of Chatham, William Pitt, a contemporary of Goldsmith, in his speech on the Wilkes case, quipped: "Where laws end, tyranny begins".
Sankar Ray
"Public Purpose" and "Development"?!
CPM leader made 'personal gains' from Singur land: CBI
(20 Sep 2007, PTI)
NEW DELHI: Senior CPM leader Suhrid Baran Dutta, chargesheeted in the Tapsi Malik murder at Singur, was allegedly involved in infrastructure development work of the Tata Motors' small car project in West Bengal for "personal gains", a CBI probe has found.
"There is evidence to indicate that accused Suhrid Baran Dutta was involved in the infrastructural development work including selection of contractors for personal gain," the 17-page chargesheet filed by CBI in the court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate of Chandannagar in West Bengal alleged.
Dutta, along with another co-accused Debu Malik, have been chargesheeted by CBI for allegedly entering into a criminal conspiracy and murdering Tapsi, who was leading the Trinamool Congress-led agitation against acquisition of land in Singur by the state government for setting up the Tata car project.
The CBI quoted two employees of Kalimata Electric, which was given the task of installation of electric lines in the acquired land, saying they had paid Rs 1.58 lakh to Dutta in cash, who had promised them that the money would be used for purchasing electric poles.
"But investigations has disclosed that the electric poles were supplied by another contractor Ashim Barik" who had made the payment, the CBI alleged and claimed that there was a vested interest of Dutta, at present in judicial custody, in selecting contractors for Singur.
"Jobs for Locals"!
Govt breaks job pledge, gets HC rap
4 Aug 2007, TNN
KOLKATA: Land-losers in the state have the judiciary on their side. Calcutta High Court made it clear on Friday that it wouldn't allow the government to break its promise to those from which it took land for industrial purposes.
The HC issued a criminal contempt notice against the Birbhum district magistrate and West Bengal Power Development Corporation managing director for not giving jobs as promised to land-loser families who gave up land for the Bakre-swar Thermal Power Plant. This, despite the court's directive to guarantee their employment in the plant.
The court passed the order on a contempt application by Sanjoy Mitre and 51 others whose land was acquired about two decades ago. The compensation package then offered included jobs at the plant.
The petitioners moved the court in 2003 against the state's failure to keep its promise. On March 17, 2005, Justice Asim Banerjee directed district magistrate Khalil Ahmed and PDCL managing director S Mahapatra to absorb them under the exempted category. The court also directed the employment exchange to send the names on the basis of seniority. PDCL was asked to follow the list and was restrained from taking unskilled labour from outside.
The petitioners waited for three years for the authorities to execute the court order. They filed the contempt application only in January 2006. The court then gave the authorities another chance to carry out its order. But, more than a year later, the petitioner's counsel, Kalyan Bandyopadhyay, wanted the court to clarify whether it held the alleged contemnors guilty.
Bandyopadhyay pointed out that the authorities had not as yet provided jobs to the land-losers and did not seem inclined to abide by the court order. Justice Banerjee accepted the petitioners' plea and issued contempt notices against those concerned. The contemnors have to reply to the notice by next month.
What Really Happened at Nandigram
Nandigram: What Really Happened
Based on the Report of the People's Tribunal on Nandigram (26–28 May 2007)
Foreword by Lalita Ramdas
Daanish Books, Delhi, 2008
ISBN 978-81-89654-44-3 (with CD) l INR225
ISBN 978-81-89654-45-0 (without CD) l INR175l
USD9.00 (without CD) l USD12.00 (with CD) for rest of the world
WRITING in defence of the West Bengal government, 'Intellectual' apologists of the CPI (M) have decried the persistence of the militant peasants' movement in Nandigram as an illegitimate 'struggle' once the Chief Minister had asked the people of Nandigram to tear up the notification announcing the acquisition of land in the area. Why indeed should the people of Nandigram have continued on the warpath even after this supposedly benevolent assurance from the CM himself? Why should they have dug up trenches and cordoned off the area in the manner of a "liberated" zone? Why did they refuse to display grace, and by extension, also implicit faith in the government once "all the demands of the original struggle were met"? Why did they continue to sulk and behave badly?
Those still ignorant would do well to turn to Nandigram: What Really Happened, the report of an independent Peoples' Tribunal held at Gokulnagar and Sonachura in Nandigram and at Kolkata towards the end of May last year. Remember, this is months before the early November Operation 'Nandigrab', an utterly bloody and violent programme executed by the CPI (M) goons to reclaim the so-called 'liberated zones'. The Report covers the ground from May to November 2007 through a chapter at the end, which unlike the rest of the report, is based, not on the testimonies and depositions, but largely pieced together on the strength of extensive media reportage.
The Tribunal's jury consisted of a retired high court chief justice, a senior columnist, social activists and a psychiatrist. It recorded a total of 194 testimonies, including 39 oral and 135 written depositions at Nandigram, and 20 in Kolkata. Given the atmosphere of terror prevailing in the district, the courage of those who testified must be saluted; the District Magistrate (East Medinipur) on the other hand responded to the invitation to depose before the Tribunal through a letter requiring the organizers to intimate the said DM as to the provisions of law by which he was required to appear before the Tribunal.
The report of the Tribunal provides the background to the violence in Nandigram, delineates the chronology of events, focusing in particular on the manner in which the massacre was planned and orchestrated by the CPI (M) in collusion with a servile or helpless administration, attempts to provide comprehensive lists of the dead, missing and injured, besides citing at length various other fact-finding reports and newspaper coverage of the sequence of events that unfolded in the area.
The chapter, "Chronology of Events" chronicles the climate of apprehension and anxiety that gripped Nandigram following the agitation in Singur, and the formal notification (and not mere "rumours" as some JNU professors would have it) about the acquisition of agricultural land for a petrochemical hub in November-December 2006. Local intelligence reports cited here speak of a widespread discontent against the proposed move - a discontent that cut across party lines - and which resulted first in spontaneous meetings and mobilizations, and then gradually into the formation of BUPC. Even prior to the climactic violence of March 14, anti-land acquisition activists were arrested, fired upon and even bombs were hurled at them. Meanwhile contradictory signals kept emanating from the ruling party: there wouldn't be a hub if people didn't want it, there would be industrialization at all costs; peace should be restored, agitators should be taught a lesson, so on and so forth. But it emerges quite clearly from the dateline of events that the administration completely abdicated its responsibility towards protecting the life and limb of ordinary people. Economic blockades were imposed on the people resulting in loss of livelihood: it was alleged at the Tribunal that Lakshman Seth, MP and his wife Tamalika Panda-Seth, Chairperson, Haldia Municipality, imposed an economic blockade on Nandigram by suspending the ferry services to Haldia, where on an average 10,000 people from Nandigram go daily to sell fish, vegetables and milk products.
What the CPI (M) spin-doctors would like to obfuscate is the large-scale violence, including horrendous sexual violence targeted at women, which preceded, and indeed continued well after the famous "tear the notification" declaration. Several women came forward at the Tribunal to speak of the gross sexual violation they suffered at the hands of khaki-clad, masked men in chappals. Dr.Debapriya Mallick deposed that in the medical camps in the Nandigram area he found women victims with injuries in the pelvic region, the back, the breasts and the vaginal region. Apart from rape there was sadistic sexual assault. Rods/lathis/gunbarrels were inserted into the sex organs of women. Undressing, molestation, assault on their bodies, indecent exposure and filthy abuse was rampant. "Tell your women we are coming," was the ominous threat issued by the party goons.
A written deposition submitted to the Tribunal says:
"One of the policemen twisted my left breast with all force. Another one came and forced a rod into my vagina and started twisting."
45-year-old Angurbala Das of Adhikaripara, Gokulnagar narrated a tale of similar bestiality:
"On 15 March around 1/1:30 p.m. about 10/12 men in plain dress came to our house and started beating me and my eldest son severely. They turned a deaf ear to all our entreaties. I still have pain in my chest and abdomen and carry nail marks on my breasts. I turned unconscious. They then dragged Kabita Das (age 20) and Ganga Das (age 12) to the cowshed, beating and torturing them all the time. Kabita was raped by two cadres and Ganga was raped by one. Kabita has a daughter of 8 months whom she cannot breastfeed even now. Ganga was held forcibly by the throat during the rape. As a result she still has pain in the throat. Kabita has identified some of the miscreants who were her acquaintance; among them she identified Badal Garu and his son Khokan Garu, Sudarshan Garu (elder brother of Badal) and his son Kalipada Garu. Also Gopal Garu, Raju Garu, Dulal Garu, Ratan Garu, Sunil Bar, Rabin Das, Anukul Sheet. Kabita was raped by Anukul Sheet and Sunil Bar while Ganga was raped by Anukul. The daughter's arm was broken and has still not healed."
While several independent citizens' reports have established the culpability of party cadres (masquerading as police, and identified as such by the slippers they were wearing as against the shoes of the regulars), the Tribunal's Report is valuable for the painstaking documentation of the post-violence cover up engaged in by the administration in order to minimize the scale of real physical and sexual violence, and to protect the guilty, even when they were clearly identified and named as such. In complete violation of all accepted legal and medical protocol, post-mortem (P/M) reports of the deceased showed glaring discrepancies amounting to tampering and improper reporting, dates of discharge were overwritten and changed in most discharge certificates; there was a refusal to undertake medical examinations of women who had alleged rape, and in other instances, attending physicians failed to record the cause and nature of injury when the dead and the injured were taken to the hospital. In fact the official response of the local medical authorities has been that there had been no reported cases of rape.
The Tribunal's conclusions are unequivocal: "The actions of 14 March 2007 by the West Bengal government, particularly the District Administration, which engaged police forces along with armed ruling party hooligans against a peaceful, religious and lawful gathering of mostly women and children from Nandigram, can be described only as a state-sponsored massacre." It was driven by the wish to "teach a lesson' to those opposing the proposed SEZ project and to terrorize them into submission.
From March to November, the victims of this violence were offered or promised no compensation from the government, and in fact the Left Front government cried foul when directed to do so by the High Court, choosing to appeal against it in the Supreme Court. Given the impunity afforded by the State government to the
perpetrators of the violence of 14 March, the callous disregard for its own citizens (even the Party's own voters till the last elections), and given the rhetoric of dum dum dawai and venomous snakes in the grass, is it any surprise that Nandigram witnessed a repeat of the violence, with an even greater ferocity in November 2007, with grave upon grave being unearthed everyday?
If Nandigram has emerged today as the shining example of peoples' resistance, it is also a chilling intimation of how the State will respond to these struggles. If activists will seek lessons and inspiration from the brave fight of the people of Nandigram, so too will it serve as a model of the emerging police-state in India where political parties, big money, state machinery and criminals will collude to put its citizens down, penalize and brutalize them for speaking out against their agenda of 'loot and grab' development.
Manisha Sethi
CPI(ML) Activists Arrested in Anti-SEZ Agitation at Kakinada
THE Kakinada Special Eonomic Zone (KSEZ) is one among the first three in the country which got permission two and a half years back. KSEZ is the promoting agency started acquiring lands long back at cheaper rates. The government has not acquired the land directly through the Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation but allowed private organizations to do the same. The Government declared that export-oriented large and medium industries will be promoted in this region, by which large scale employment will be generated. Initially central and state governments propagated that a refinery with a capacity of seven and a half million tonnes will be started by ONGC and many subsidiaries will be floated. They estimated that 8500 acres land is necessary. Later ONGC dropped its proposal in the name of non-feasibility of the project with less capacity. Due to pressure from local level lobbies, the Central Government made ONGC start its project with a 15 million tonnes capacity. In the meantime KSEZ promoters developed an understanding with Reliance to start a refinery here. Any way, it is not yet clear what industries will be promoted here. But so far, 6000 acres of land have already been acquired by KSEZ with the help of ruling machinery. Revenue officials, including the Collector, toured the villages coming under the SEZ and tried to influence the people with false promises, and even threatened many of them. Firstly, they acquired the lands of absentee landlords and big farmers, then middle and small peasants were compelled to sell their lands.
Right from the beginning of KSEZ, we started a campaign in different villages and conducted conventions and meetings. Peasants voluntarily mobilized to oppose SEZ and a collectorate gherao was conducted in which ten thousands of people took part cutting across the party lines. Then, the Collector assured that the fertile lands will not be acquired and the SEZ will be shifted to the area where land is barren. But then the KSEZ started acquiring land silently.
Now KSEZ started the fencing work for the acquired lands and in view of resistance from the people they mobilised the government machinery. Police started arresting farmers as well as leaders who are active in the movement. On 17 January in the early hours they searched for CPI(ML) leaders in this area. They also came to our district party office around 3 am and picked up local activists and then raided AP State Committee Member Comrade Viplav Kumar's house in Kakinada and arrested him. They searched for the AIPWA leader K Ratna Kumari but failed to find her. They went around in villages and arrested peasants who were active in the movement. On the same day Ratna Kumari, State Committee Member of CPI(ML), along with 300 people went to resist at the fencing, and she was arrested there. Protesting these arrests and demanding the release of all arrested leaders comrades gheraoed the Gollapradu Mandal Revenue Officer; a number of people took part in this protest. Police arrested 18 comrades including Party District Committee member Ganga Balu.
On 21 January AIALA and AP Kisan Sabha jointly held a Convention on the theme 'Scrap Special Economic Zone' in Kakinada. The convention was presided over by Party CCM and Orissa State Secretary Kshitish Biswal, and conducted by Party CCM Bangar Rao. It was addressed by AIALA National President Comrade Rameshwar Prasad, AIALA General Secretary Dhirendra Jha, Party Poliburo members DP Buxi and N Murthy (also AP State Secretary), CCMs M Malleshwar Rao, Bahadur Oraon, as well as D Harinath. AIPWA District leader Appala Raju, who is directly leading anti-SEZ struggle, narrated the police atrocities and harassment going on in villages.
The Convention passed several resolutions including the demand to immediately release the arrested leaders, to intensify campaign against land acquisition and SEZ, to press for the demand to scrap the SEZ Act 2005, and condemned the YSR GOVT. for working for the interests of the big capital by making thousands of peasants and rural poor homeless and without any means of livelihood.


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Mobile Site You Are Here > PFR Home > Players > R > Rick Razzano > News Archive
News: s-r blog:NFL Combine Results Added to Pro Football Reference
Richard Anthony Razzano
Position: LB
Height: 5-11 Weight: 227 lbs.
Born: November 15, 1955 in New Castle, PA
High School: New CastleCollege: Virginia Tech (school history)
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 9 (7518th overall since 1950)
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Just when a beauty writer thinks she's found the nirvana of cosmetics, new ones hits the shelves. Call it the fickle finger of face-saving favorites, but what's a woman to do when faced with new products every day.
My latest love is ASAP, an Austalian-made line of skincare products that the company claims uses the latest technology and active ingredients for its collection. I've been testing the products for a few days now and the Daily Exfoliating Facial Scrub ($49) certainly caught my fancy. It's a pleasure to use and leaves the skin very soft and silky. It's supposed to have a dual-action that promotes cell renewal and collagen production to diminish wrinkles, acne and sun damage and improve skin texture. It really does.
Next, the three serums are amazing. The Super C Cream ($89) is formulated also to reduce those unwanted signs of aging and increase collage products, while the Super B (also $89) has similar benefits with added hydrating affects. The ASAP +Seru ($89) targets sun damage with added Retinol.
If it's not on your beauty bucket list, put it there ASAP. ASAP is available at www.Store.com. You can thank us for it after. It's the perfect skincare regimen for 2014.


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This is a photographic record of the Trans-Tasman Masters Hockey Tournament held at North Harbour Hockey Centre Auckland New Zealand in May 2013. There are photos of the teams that took part, teams who won their sections and action hockey shots
Sue is a very keen photographer, and a passionate hockey supporter. She has spent a life time in administration, coaching, and supporting her family through their own hockey careers. While in London for the Olympics she became the "unofficial foreign correspondent for the Northern Advocate, a daily newspaper based in Whangarei, New Zealand.
Hockey Northland - The Third Turf - 2014 Published June 07, 2015
The Gang goes ... Published April 15, 2015
Opera in the Garden 2015 Published April 07, 2015
Northland Hockey Heroes Published November 13, 2014
Memories Tayla Shepherd Published April 03, 2014
African Safari 2011 Botswana, Chobe, Zimbabwe, Victoria Falls & Namibia ( Etosha National Park) Published November 19, 2012
The Olympic Dream Hockey London 2012 Published November 19, 2012
Whangarei's Round Roofed Grandstand 1903 - 2009 Published September 17, 2012


text:
7.62x39 mm "Arsenal" Self Loading Rifles
Individual weapons designed for hunting and competition shooting.
The SLR belongs to the firearms which action is based on the principle of conveying a part of the powder gasses through a special port in the wall of a stationary barrel and their influence onto the piston. The barrel bore is closing by turning the bolt and engaging the firing stops in the receiver housing.
The feeding of cartridges into the rifle is carried out from an arched plastic staggered magazine with a capacity of 5 rounds (SLR-95, SLR-96 and SLR-97 Lux) or from special 5 round magazine (SLR-101).
The sight consists of sectors marked for shooting at a distance up to 800 m.
The striker mechanism has a striking hammer that is being activated by the firing spring.
All the working parts of SLR are made of solid steel.
The weapons are characterized by milled receiver made according to the method of hot die forging.


text:
More New and Used
from Private Sellers
Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
Food Lovers' Guide to Tampa Bay : The Best Restaurants, Markets and Local Culinary Offerings
ISBN13:by Sturtz, Todd
Globe Pequot
Questions About This Book?
What version or edition is this?
This is the edition with a publication date of 3/19/2013.
What is included with this book?
- The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any CDs, lab manuals, study guides, etc.
- The eBook copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically only the book itself is included.
The Best Restaurants, Markets & Local Culinary Offerings The ultimate guides to the food scene in their respective states or regions, these books provide the inside scoop on the best places to find, enjoy, and celebrate local culinary offerings. Engagingly written by local authorities, they are a one-stop for residents and visitors alike to find producers and purveyors of tasty local specialties, as well as a rich array of other, indispensable food-related information including: Favorite restaurants and landmark eateries Farmers markets and farm stands Specialty food shops, markets and products Food festivals and culinary events Places to pick your own produce Recipes from top local chefs The best cafes, taverns, wineries, and brewpubs


text:
Dec. 20, 2012
Alabama Game Notes
Virginia Game Notes
TUSCALOOSA, Ala. -
The women's basketball team (6-3) will play its final game before breaking for the holidays on Friday when it hosts Virginia (6-3) in Foster Auditorium. Tipoff is set for 2 p.m. CT.
The Crimson Tide and Cavaliers will be meeting for the third time in program history on Friday and first since Nov. 25, 2005. Virginia has won the two previous matchups, first an 81-58 decision in Charlottesville, Va., on Dec. 4, 1987, followed by a 69-48 victory in St. Thomas during the 2005-06 season.
Alabama has lost three of its last four games, which started with a 69-50 defeat at Wisconsin, followed by a 72-58 loss to Chattanooga at home and most recently a 58-52 loss to Wofford. The Tide is averaging 74.1 points per game, 8.3 points higher than its opponents at 65.8 points per contest. Alabama continues to lead the Southeastern Conference and the nation in steals per game and turnover margin. The Tide is averaging 16.6 steals a game and has forced opponents to commit 14.25 more turnovers than Alabama does.
Sophomore Daisha Simmons leads the league and ranks 13th in the nation in steals per game (3.75 spg) while junior Shafontaye Myers checks in at No. 2 in the SEC and No. 17 in the nation in three-point field goals per game with 3.0 made. Junior Jasmine Robinson currently leads the team in scoring with an average of 13.0 points per game. She is followed by Simmons (12.8 ppg), Myers (12.2 ppg) and senior Meghan Perkins (10.3 ppg). Senior Alicia Mitcham averages a team-best 6.4 rebounds per contest while Simmons leads the Tide in assists with four per game.
Virginia snapped its two-game losing streak with a 54-44 win over Coppin State on Tuesday. The Cavaliers three losses on the season have come against Syracuse (74-73), West Virginia (54-47) and Maryland (79-55). Virginia is averaging 66.6 points per game while holding opponents to 61.0 per contest. The Cavaliers are shooting 42.3 percent from the floor and 73.3 percent from the free throw line.
Junior Ataira Franklin leads all scorers on the Virginia roster with 12.5 points per game. She is followed by sophomore Sarah Imovbioh (11.7 ppg) and junior Kelsey Wolfe (11.1 ppg). Senior Telia McCall averages a team-high 6.7 rebounds while senior China Crosby has handed out a team-best 4.1 assists per game.
The game can be listened to on the Crimson Tide Sports Network on the radio and online at RollTide.com. In addition, fans can follow along on the team's official Twitter page @AlabamaWBB.


text:
Trend Micro and VMware Virtualization
United Way
VMware enables us to provide an enterprise-class data center at an SMB price…Deep Security has been a very good fit in our data center, and provides excellent protection for our virtualized servers and desktops and our continually changing environment.
— Orinzal Williams, IT Executive Director, United Way
Guess? Inc.
Compliance was a major factor in our data center project. Trend Micro Deep Security, with the integrated firewall and deep packet inspection, gave me the capabilities I absolutely needed for PCI compliance.
— Scott Forrest, Director Networks & Infrastructure, Guess?, Inc.
Omni Companies
Our goal was to come up with a scalable foundation that was compliant with the standards required in the insurance and finance industries... The answer was a VMware cluster of servers hosted by a local datacenter service provider and protected with Trend Micro security.
— Jeff Jackson, Co-Founder & CEO, Acumen Technologies (Omni technology partner)
The Medical Center of Central Georgia
We were in the position of not knowing what we didn't know. Trend Micro Data Loss Prevention gives us visibility into data usage behaviors that we did not have before…Trend Micro helped make vendor consolidation possible by offering a comprehensive data protection portfolio.
— Ty Smallwood, Information Services Security Officer, Medical Center of Central Georgia
Increased Visibility Helps Schools Evolve Cloud Computing
With the phasing in of Deep Security capabilities, we have confidence that we are staying ahead of the evolving threats and maintaining a proactive posture for security in our physical, virtual, and cloud environments.
— Noe Arzate, Director of Technology, Mount Pleasant Independent School District
Baptist Hospitals of Southeast Texas
Everyone else is at least 18 months behind Trend Micro as far as securing virtual environments... Trend Micro is taking VDI security in the right direction.
— Ronald J. Anderson, IT Infrastructure Support Team, Baptist Hospitals of Southeast Texas


text:
LA Skin Care Center
A Medical Corporation
What Are Fascia Grafts
A graft is a portion of tissue that is taken from an area of the body, typically during surgery.
It may be introduced into a different area of the body or even into another individual as well.
What are fascia grafts? Fascian is composed of preserved fascia, which is a graft that has been processed and preserved.
The process for preservation includes cryogenically freezing the grafts so they may be kept for a great length of time.
Fascia grafts are very commonly implanted into patients for a wide variety of surgical and skin rejuvenation procedures


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MEDINA — Second Baptist Church will host its 11th annual Martin Luther King Jr. commemoration Sunday.
The keynote speaker will be Candace Campbell Jackson, vice president and chief of staff at the University of Akron.
The Rev. Cornell Carter, senior pastor of Second Baptist, described Jackson as "a dynamic speaker."
"She'll talk about education and how it's a foundation in achieving the dream and making us better, more productive citizens," he said.
Carter said the service's music will highlight local talent.
Gina Houston, Sherril "Bing" Rundle and the Fellowship Baptist Church Praise Dancers will perform under the direction of Jimmy D. Mitchell.
Money raised through sponsorships and from a freewill offering at the service will go toward a scholarship for a Medina High School student who best demonstrates the character of Martin Luther King Jr.
Carter said students can apply for the scholarship through the school, and it is awarded at a ceremony before graduation.
The service is sponsored by Second Baptist Church, Fellowship Baptist Church, Emerging Ministries of St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, and the Medina Ministerial Association.
Contact reporter Kiera Manion-Fischer at (330) 721-4049 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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CAFEAULAIT08's Blogs
Finally I can post!
Friday, January 27, 2012 2 comments
I have been trying to post to my blog for over a week! For some reason, when I use google chrome, it will not allow me to post to my blog! So now I'm using safari. I have had a few days of non compliance with the eating thing. However, I still f...
Read more
Fell off the bandwagon
Sunday, January 08, 2012 2 comments
Ok, I've been doing good with my eating but today I was feeling kinda nauseous after only having red beans/rice and yam for dinner so I decided to go ahead and eat my salad. My cousin had fried some wingettes and ate two. I'm just going to pray...
Read more
It's the first Saturday in 2012!
Saturday, January 07, 2012 0 comments
Wow, I'm coming well on my healthy eating and workout goals this year. I went to they gym this morning and had my workout. I'm not going to lie, it is so, so hard for me not to indulge in the food that I normally eat. I'm craving all types of st...
Read more
A New Day
Tuesday, January 03, 2012 1 comments
Yesterday, I had a healthy successful day. I ate healthy and I had a good workout. I'm sore this morning but it was worth it. My Daniel Fast is going along, today is the second day. I can think of all types of food that I want to eat not to men...
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It's been almost a year since I last blogged!
Monday, January 02, 2012 0 comments
Ok, today I started a 21 day Daniel Fast based on the biblical principles in the book of Daniel. I pray for strength and guidance to get through it! I met a wonderful group of ladies on Facebook and we have a Daniel Fast and Weight Loss page tha...
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Need to plan better
Tuesday, March 08, 2011 0 comments
Okay, I worked out really hard today and ate reasonably well. On days I have several workouts, I try to eat more. Mondays are supposed to be meatless mondays for me. I have been doing it for a few months. However, tonight I broke it. I didn't pr...
Read more
Tired Thursday
Thursday, March 03, 2011 1 comments
Sometimes I just want to give up on everything! My eating has been good this week. I'm proud of that. I went to spinning tonight and had a good workout. Is it okay to give up? No, it's not, so I have to keep going! With God's grace, mercy and ki...
Read more
Hump Day
Wednesday, March 02, 2011 0 comments
Wow! My chicken wings turned out well. I couldn't find my hoisin sauce to add to them. I forgot another challenge, I challenged myself to eat a simple salad of a various greens, tomatoes and cucumbers everyday either with my meal or as a meal i...
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Challenging Myself
Wednesday, March 02, 2011 1 comments
New month, new challenges! I've told myself hundreds of times, all the exercise in the world will not give you your goal unless you change your eating! Yesterday, was a new day for me, I really started watching my calorie count and I challenged ...
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Meatless Monday Again
Tuesday, February 22, 2011 0 comments
Today I tried a new recipe! I decided to try two new recipes this week. Today's lunch was Asian noodles in a peanut sauce with tofu. I got the recipe out of a magazine. It was really good! I'm going try another recipe by Chef Meg later this wee...
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So Ready
Wednesday, February 16, 2011 0 comments
I am so ready to lose the remaining weight. I feel like I cannot get out of this plateau. I know I haven't been eating right and that has to change. I sound like a broken, scratched record. I keep saying the same thing, over and over again. I ha...
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Back in the Saddle!
Monday, February 14, 2011 0 comments
It's been awhile. I have been so busy with school and family issues, I haven't had time to blog. I haven't worked out in over a week. I got sick with a sinus infection and coupled that with a busy school week, I couldn't cope with hitting the g...
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Hump Day
Thursday, February 03, 2011 0 comments
Today was a day of studying. I woke up at 4:30am to play the archive of an online chat session that I missed last for my class due to technical difficulties. I wanted to go to the 8:30am kickboxing class but I fell back to sleep around 6:45 and ...
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Meatless Monday Again
Monday, January 31, 2011 0 comments
Another meatless monday. I tried making vegetable fajitas for lunch, the dish did not turn out well. I will try it again in the future. I'm having low fat vegetable lasagna for dinner. Not homemade but store bought. I'm going to have to make it ...
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Lesson learned
Sunday, January 30, 2011 2 comments
Even after I wrote my last blog post, I continued to self sabotage for two days. Afterwards, I was physically sick. I've come to the conclusion that I CANNOT have candy at my disposal because I can't stop at one piece, I continue eating till it'...
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- Location:
- chicago, IL
- Party Albums:
- 2
Justin's Sesame Street 2nd Birthday Party (12 photos)
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For Justin's 2nd birthday party, the party was at Bubbles, a local children's "play" venue, and the theme was Sesame Street.
When I decided to have a Sesame Street theme, I knew that I did not want it to be too overtly Sesame (think Sesame Street party kits), so I decided to focus on bright primary colors and accent with Sesame Street decor.
It turned out great and I'm excited to share with you all a look at the party. Plus, some great pictures of our little birthday boy enjoying himself "so much" (his words).
I wanted the invitation to incorporate the Sesame Street theme, but not be too Sesame (think pre-printed character invites). I also wanted to include a picture of the birthday boy. I designed these with a few touches of Sesame Street - the sign, the "this party is brought to you ...." phrase and of course, Justin's t-shirt.
Birthday Shirt
It's always fun to have a special birthday t-shirt! I was looking for something that said his age on it and that incorporated Sesame Street, but again, you know....not too much. I found the perfect shirt on Etsy, from lilthreadzclothing.
Party Room Decor
I used Sesame Street character centerpieces and Sesame Street stuffed animals and placed them throughout the room, on the adults and kids tables, buffet table and snack table.
Centerpieces consisted of individual Sesame Street characters (Elmo, Cookie, Big Bird, Oscar, Ernie, Bert, Abby & Zoe) placed into colorful plastic buckets and adorned with tissue paper. Rainbow colored balloons filled the entire room.
Sesame Street Centerpieces: The Paper Cubby, Etsy
Plastic Pails: Party City
Striped Straw: That's A Wrap2, Etsy
Kids Table
Kid-sized chairs and tables were used, and the colors were green and yellow (the colors of the Sesame Street sign). Each child's plate had a mini cup filled with goldfish crackers (a la Dorothy, Elmo's goldfish). The cups were wrapped in Sesame Street wrappers (see below).
Each chair had a colorful balloon tied to it that each child could take home and each table featured one of the Sesame Street centerpieces.
Cupcake Wrappers: That's A Wrap2, Etsy
Cake & Cake Table
The cake was great, in presentation and taste. It tied closely to the birthday invitation and had the "Justin's Street sign" as well as Justin's photo that was used on the invitation. To add some decoration, we placed Cookie and Elmo stuffed animals and a big bunch of balloons next to the cake.
And where was the tasty cake from? My favorite go-to cake place - Jewel! They have amazing cakes.
Sesame Street themed Goody Bags
I wanted the goody bags to be cute, usable and thematic. I preferred to include a smaller amount of quality items rather than tons of random stuff. So, with that in mind, each goody bag contained:
Sesame Street book
Sesame Street stickers
Rubber Duckie (think Ernie's rubber duckie)
Bag of goldfish (think Elmo's goldfish Dorothy again)
Bag of cookies (think Cookie Monster)
Bubbles (the only non Sesame item, but it was the name of the party venue, so that was my link!)
I ordered fantastic tags from Etsy, and added a personalized thank you message. All of the items were placed into a colorful bag with tissue paper and adorned with the goody bag tag.
Gift Bag Tags: Twinkle Twinkle Little Crafts, Etsy
Sesame Street Stickers: smilemakers.com
In addition to the above, we also had a few other "Sesame Street" themed items; we handed out Sesame Street necklaces to the kids to wear when they arrived. And, we played a great Sesame Street DVD in the background on a loop. Highly recommend this DVD to all Sesame fans, kids and adults alike - Sesame Street Singing with the Stars.
I had such a great time planning and finding items that matched the theme. Everything turned out great and most importantly, the birthday boy loved it and had a great time!
Visit: http://searchingforsesamestreet.blogspot.com/2012/09/sesame-street-birthday-party.html


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User Reviews & Ratings - hydromorphone intravenous
Read user comments about the side effects, benefits, and effectiveness of hydromorphone intravenous.
Overall User Ratings22 Total User Reviews
User Reviews
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User Reviews
Reviewer: greatful!, 35-44 on Treatment for less than 1 month (Patient)
Ease of Use
The only thing that could help my pain fr a herniated disk that had displaced the nerve root. It was iv n only lasted abt 2 hrs max but the nurses piggy backed it w norco pill. So my pain was managed pretty well. Dilaudid took my pain away w in 3 min. I will forever be greatful for it. I only needed it 1 time aftr surgery,since the main pain was gone. However, I can c how addicting it is. I really ... Show Full Comment
found this review helpful.
Was this review helpful? Yes | No
Reviewer: viperbob, 45-54 Male on Treatment for less than 1 month (Patient)
Ease of Use
I have chronic low back pain due to a failed surgery and also several disc problems. I have been taking pain medication for a time now and a few days ago I was hit with a pain in my low back that was so bad I had problems just being able to move my legs. After two days like that I told my doctor about it and he put me on this med. I noticed it was working in about an hour, so I would say it works ... Show Full Comment
found this review helpful.
Was this review helpful? Yes | No
Reviewer: lorodlordsmins , 55-64 Male on Treatment for 1 to 6 months (Patient)
Ease of Use
worked well duration could have been longer
found this review helpful.
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Check out some helpful resources including links to other sites, a list of helpful books, and church documents that will be valuable during your time of discernment...(more)
"We must remember that if parents do not live the values of the Gospel, the young man or woman will find it very difficult to discern the calling, to understand the need for the sacrifices which must be faced, and to appreciate the beauty of the goal to be achieved... (more)
Click here for some helpful ideas on how to encourage vocations in your parish. Ideas like: Promote Team Vianney (for high school boys at St. John Vianney College Seminary) and Theotokos (for high school girls on the St. Thomas campus) for faith formation on the first Thursday of the month during the school year... (more)
Here are some helpful vocation prayers.Dear God, You have a great and loving plan for our world and for me. I want to do my part in your plan. Help me to see the signs that You give me. Open my heart to respond to You... (more)


text:
Simply draw a path with the mouse or the finger, this will generate instantly a new groove
Drag and drop some samples from the list on the right to change them.
Global pitch of all the samples.
Length used of all samples.
Number of items used [1…16]
Set the synchro of the patch : Loop, bar or cycle. No loop let you play manually the samples.
Speed of the groove (when in loop mode only)
quantization of the groove (when bar or cycle is used)
Percentage of the panner effect
Randomize all samples position.
Randomize all samples pitch.
Range of the pitch when you random the pitch.
Randomize all samples color.
Area size of the action zone of the ball.
Let you store 16 different presets, just click on the number you want to recall.
s (store): To store a preset, click on the s button, and then on the preset number.
c (clear): To clear a preset, click on the c button, and then on the preset number.
Show (or not) the list of samples you can use.
Open a new window where you can add your own samples, create and save list and give you also some informations about the samples used.
You can of course use your own samples to create your own presets, don't forget to save them in the preset manager and also to save your project in your host.
This patch/VST contains samples from waveshaper kits :


text:
My name is Anu and I'm the person behind the rantings on this blog. I strive to give you an honest view of whatever it is I'm writing to you about.
You might have guessed but I am obsessed with all things make-up. As I am currently in grad school I don't have the time to put my lessons learned during art school to use so I make my face my canvas (before this would be literal and you'd see me walking around campus with green and blue paint on my face/hair clothes). When my study load becomes too heavy I tend to take longer to update.
In also freelance as a make-up artist as a side job. I have found out that I love food and must therefore work to supply that. I also want to apologise if I don't email or respond to your comments immediately. My brain is so muddled sometimes I forget to get back to you.
You can contact me at email@example.com.
My name is Anu and I'm the person behind the rantings on this blog. I strive to give you an honest view of whatever it is I'm writing to you about.
56 comments:
- sawa said...
keep up da gewd work3:40 PM
- nywele said...
I looove your blog! I've just subscribed to it and i am looking forward to reading more :)8:11 PM
- Anu said...
big hugs to both of you! thanks for the support.
- laila said...
I love your blog!!! I think i'm addicted.6:44 PM
- laila said...
- This comment has been removed by the author. 6:44 PM
- Diana said...
Heya,4:01 AM
Love your blog. I think you are stunning! I am looking forward to trying out all the tips I have picked up.
- Anisha said...
Im a desi girl living in Sweden. I think it's really good and entertaining the way you write abt things, for example the melanin article :), that was hilarious. I wish you all the best!6:13 AM
- smoovie said...
I'm not desi but I love your blog, keep it up!9:48 AM
- Anonymous said...
- Anonymous said...
uv got urself a fan....thank u11:20 AM
- nfs said...
Hi Anu,1:49 PM
Thanks for your post on Sally Hansen's Natural Beauty foundation! What shades would you recommend for medium desi skin tones?
- sherin said...
Hey Anu,1:04 PM
I am a person who surf the web for make-up tips and tricks. I am a subscriber of a lot of blogs, Youtube channels etc. relating to fashion and make-up, but yours is the only blog I found that caters to Indian/brown skinned people. I feel like I stumbled up on a treasure of make up tips. Please continue to do the good work and don't stop. Also, good luck with your studies too!
- Vithya said...
I love your blog! I'm a fashionista desi girl who lives in Colorado and was looking long and hard for a blog that helps me with makeup. You do a great job, looking forward to reading more. BTW, You are gorgeous!4:04 PM
- peaches said...
Just came across your blog,really cool!!!! I love your summer glow look!Man dats so easy!Guess we have the same interests in skincare and makeup!(i know i'll be never satisfied in achieveing flawless skin *sigh*)9:16 AM
- roop said...
how did i not know this blog existed! 've been looking for something like this for a long time!!! good goin' girl.2:54 PM
- Reshma said...
Hey, love the blog...i was wonderin when you were talking about the MAC make up were you referring to Studio Fix or Select SPF? I don't understand how colours in both are so differant. Also do you find you have a green tint?5:00 AM
- Pallavi said...
Hello there anu4:04 AM
This is possibly the only blog that reaaaallly talks about indian skin and not africaan american, native american skin etc.
So I have been in the market looking for a foundation for about 10 years. Never found a perfect shade for my skin - it is in between shade and no brand really makes that color. Since I wear it so rarely - foundaations and even mineral powders just feel heavy on the skin.
Do you have a recommendation for a good foundation or powder that provides coverage without feeling heavy for idian skin? Also, is my only option the prescritives counter to blend my custom foundation? The problem though is that they always mix the wrong color since they just dont know indian skin!
- Anonymous said...
Hi,4:33 AM
I am Pradnya and I have recently started following your blog and it has made for very interesting reading.
I represent Maybelline New York, a cosmetics brand. Maybelline has launched a new product, Whitestay UV www.whitestayuvzone.com – a compact that has an anti-tanning effect. It's the first ever compact that provides SPF 18 protection and at the same time gives a nice glow. This compact comes in five different shades – Fawn, Nude, Natural, Light Ivory and Ivory. It is ideal for women on the go who need a quick touch up and also want protection from the sun without the greasiness a sunscreen gives.
Maybelline has launched an interesting widget http://www.whitestayuvzone.com/index.aspx to promote its new compact. It was observed that when people upload their pictures on social networking websites, their pictures often appear dull and dark. Maybelline has come up with an innovative widget that allows users to upload their pictures and brighten it instantly. One also has an option of downloading the widget on to their desktops.
We would love it if you could try out the compact and let us know what you think about it. Also the widget – let us know if you found it useful. We can arrange to send you the compact in any part of India.
Let us know how you would like to take this forward. If you need any further information, I would be glad to help you out.
Take care,
- Anonymous said...
just wanted to say THANK YOU! i'm a desi girl in manhattan and i LOVE your blog. it's exactly what we desi girls need. keep up the fantastic work!12:36 PM
- Anonymous said...
love your blogg!! and you know who preity desai is? google her and post something on her! shes gorgeous!1:27 PM
- Anonymous said...
Hi, I am wondering if you've ever heard anything about myface? i have read a few things online about it and it has colors and shades that are supposed to be perfect for medium - dark skin tones. I am trying to find someone who has tried it??? (I like your blog btw).11:38 AM
- Hana said...
Your blog is wonderful! I really enjoy it. I have just recently started a youtube channel. Come visit if you get a chance! http://www.youtube.com/user/hanak1242:33 PM
- Anonymous said...
Hi,4:30 PM
Nice blog. I wanted to know if you have any tips or products you recommend for covering up upper lip shadows.
- anu said...
hey anu wanted 2 kno whetr the revlon photoready has been launched in indai?if yes den wt is its picr n hw many shades it is availabel in?11:12 PM
- Anonymous said...
pallavi try Estee Lauder Double Wear it is great for Indian skin tone and has so many options..you can try them at palladium in mumbai or select citywalk in saket delhi6:27 AM
- vivalalipstick said...
Hey Anu,1:31 AM
I just discovered your blog and I love it! Keep it up girl :)
- Rashidah Ferguson said...
I love your blog. It's so cute and informative. Thank you for your posts!7:09 AM
- Anonymous said...
Great Blog! Very informative nd really helpful!! Thankyou!!!!5:15 AM
- Kirtana said...
Helloo there!10:43 AM
I absolutely adore your work Anu. I have been searching for quite some time for make up tips for darker skinned asian girls. Im Sri Lankan and around your shade and when I came across your blog it was defitely a eureka moment!
To top it you're a pretty wee thing too! Love it!!
Keep it up lady!
Bisous x
- Sindhu said...
Hey are you still in grad school?9:28 AM
- Manali said...
Superb blog. Kudos to you, girl! Keep posting valuable tips! Mwuah!3:38 AM
- puja said...
never seen sooo much for dusky skin9lke me) thanx,ur blog has boosted my confidence as i always wnted 2 b fair9:06 AM
great job dearie thanx a lot!!!!!
- Anonymous said...
Hey I just came across you blog today and I think its so amazing!!!6:42 PM
Keep it up :)
- Roshni said...
hey Anu. I handle CK, Givenchy n La Prairie in India. i wld like to get in touch with. Pl can u drop ur number in my inbox- email@example.com:41 AM
- Anita said...
Good work, Anu!!! Adore your blog! What I particularly like about your looks is that you don't seem "made up". There's a nice natural-ness to your art.6:05 AM
- Meera said...
Hi Anu - I've just discovered your blog and youtube channel and I love it!9:58 AM
I adore to see makeup that works on us Indian women...
Would LOVE to see a tutorial on Kareena Kapoor's look in 3 Idiots...Do you know the film?
I am not a big makeup person, so I am not what she was doing, but it looked like a strong eye and natural lips....she looked fantastic, especially in the wedding scenes. Would you mind doing a tutorial?
- Anonymous said...
Hey Anu,8:49 PM
I'm an Indian living in California and I have to say, "thank you," for your fabulous blog and tips. I'm a bit of a late bloomer in the make-up department..I tend to apply it more frequently now that I have a real job :) LOL! Anyhoo, it's great to have tips on products for Indian skin because it's so damn hard to find a foundation that doesn't make my skin look ashy or a blush that doesn't make me look like a clown but I think I've figured it out. I love Revlon's Colorstay foundation in toast-fantastic coverage, NARS blush in Amour and Orgasm and MAC eyeshadows. My life has found meaning again, yay!! :) Love your work and all the best!
- V. Blink said...
Hi there.6:43 AM
While searching for makeup blogs, I found yours I am the owner of Erth Minerals ( www.lushbrush.com or www.erthminerals.com ) & we're having a promotion, in case you'd be interested in posting it on your blog. We'd love to send you some samples in return!
The promotion is this: 25% off any purchase over $30 between now & December 31, 2010. Just enter "customer code" xmas186 @ checkout!
Thank you again for your consideration in posting our holiday sale!
Erth Minerals
- Indian Fashion Trends said...
I sent You a mail, Hope we gel together soon!7:55 AM
- Health said...
Your blog is very fantastic, you have interesting posts. Wonderful and keep up.4:55 PM
- Cinema ponnu said...
Hey anu, awsome blog. check mine out if you like movies and make-up combined together.6:14 PM
- Anonymous said...
you're a great writer! keep it up. new subscriber btw7:47 PM
- Anonymous said...
Great! 1st found topic about Indian skin tone! Keep it up!8:19 PM
Greatings from Curacao.
- Anonymous said...
Hey came across your blog while searching for 'tinted moisturizers for indian skin' :) Had a look at your videos too. I am also a student and I totally get the "infrequency of uploads part"! I do hope you won't mind - a few compliments a a lil bit of criticism...Well first off - you are a total looker! Great skin (though you seem to have so many complaints about it -sure they may be justified but those 'flaws' are not at all obvious - you got great skin girl!) Great features - usually find the Jolie-like lips unattractive but yours suit your face and look great. Hope that doesn't sound condescending or something - my appreciation is probably getting lost in translation over cyberspace here! So like I said - you're one helluva looker - reminded me of southern indian actress goutami a lot. Ok, before you dismiss me as a nut I gotta admit I'm surprising myself too because I seldom comment online and certainly not in this vein... Now the brickbats - nothing much but if you want to build and reach a wider online audience - just my unsolicited advice - please be a little more lively in your videos. I don't mean you have to change your personality or anything but it is online right which means I'm sure you do want people to view your videos - a little more animation, an extra dash of confidence and a little less of the self deprecation - and you gonna have a huge audience I am sure. K hope you don't get offended by this since I am a complete stranger but such are the ways of the internet! I honestly mean well and enjoyed your laid back, natural personality in the videos and just wanted to drop by and say hi. And let me reiterate how gorgeous you are :) And off I scoot - looking forward to more videos :)9:40 PM
- Anonymous said...
very nice blog...searched for tinted moisturiser bought me here...i am7:54 PM
- Anonymous said...
hi anu,i hve a dark skin tone and always get confused abt wht colour of lipstick,eyeliner should i choose plz help10:08 AM
- Rohini said...
I really like this blog :) It's been helping me through high school, since I'm one of two Indian girls in the entire school of about 900 odd people! Thank you for being the one to have such helpful makeup advice!7:32 PM
- Halima Khatun said...
Great blog2:28 PM
- Anonymous said...
Where are you located? I am terrible with make-up, don't know how to do anything remotely clever with it. 14 year old girls put me to shame (and I am 32). Your makeup is beautiful. And, on a side note, you're MUCH prettier than Padma Lakshmi. I live in NJ. I hope you're local because if anybody I know (self included) needs a makeup artist, I would love for it to be you!4:35 PM
- Lucy said...
Your blog looks fabulous, I must say! How do you get your template to look this good? I've tried to customize mine, but definitely hasn't worked out like this. Opinions? Ha.2:00 PM
Good blog! Keep up the good work:) X
- All Things Beautiful said...
hey I like your blog!1:16 PM
I've recently started blogging too. please check out my blog
advice welcome
- Chetana said...
Hi Anu, just found out your blog today. Must say, it is a lovely blog. I run community.stylecraze.com, India's largest beauty network. It is a great place for Make up divas to socialize with each other. Do join us.12:17 AM
- Mara Bear said...
Hey! I love your blog. I just came to it today. I'm already liking it so far! (: Can you do one how to get lighter skin color? Or you already did?5:58 PM
- Anonymous said...
- Unknown said...
hi girl, could you do a post on BB cream. it seems super famous in asian since a long time but in europe not mayn poeple use it yet. I worry since most of them have a colour that it may look really bad and grey on my dark indian skin (something like nw45 or nc50). what do you think?7:05 AM
- myglossyaffair said...
Hi Anu. I came to know about your blog on makeup from magazine Marie Claire. Me also a makeup fanatic and also a newbie at blogging. My blog is http://myglossyaffair.blogspot.in.11:10 PM
Please do try to check that.
Keep in touch :)


text:
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Of course no Solmar Hotel & Resorts property would be complete without an exercise room, pools for adults and families, and an experienced, English speaking staff at your beck and call.
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When the sun sets, it´s a short stroll back to the privacy of the Quinta del Sol or you can join in the fun and excitement at the many nightspots throughout Cabo San Lucas.
Quinta Del Sol is owned and operated by the Solmar family. You can expect the same level of attentive service guests enjoy at the family´s other properties, the Deluxe Solmar Suites and Playa Grande Resorts
|* Complimentary Continental Breakfast for European Plan
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text:
From the Hylands
12:02 16 May 2014
Gavin Ellis/TGSPHOTO c/o 27 Plaiters Way, Braintree, Essex, CM7 3LR - Editorial Use ONLY - FA Premier League and Football League images are subject to Licencing restrictions
Latest news from our Hornchurch Athletic blogger
There's nothing worse than a wet Saturday morning which leads to a abandoned game.
The timing couldn't have been worse, just getting ready to leave when the text from the skipper comes delivering the bad news.
Paul Crane committed a schoolboy error and shared this info with the other half, a list of DIY jobs was produced and his Saturday was finished!
Many wiser men stole a few hours either drinking beer, watching the twos or fitting in 18 holes.
Good wins for the second and third teams and a much improved performance for the fourth team made the miserable weather a little easier to bare.
Some sunshine and a good forecast leaves us hopeful for a better experience this weekend.
Having not seen enough cricket on Saturday I thought it would be a good opportunity to watch a bit of Sunday's battle of Hylands: Athletic v Maylands Green.
Now, I love cricket. but this game was dire: cold and windy and not an attacking shot in sight as a Maylands – "we're strong today, we'll have a bat" – Green crawled to 94.
I entertained myself on the boundary edge by studying the players' body language to pick out who was the most uninterested player. And congratulations must go Ross Raftery.
Still, if last weekend was one of those to forget from a cricketing point of view it could have been worse: I could have said yes to playing Sunday. Roll on the weekend.
*If you would like to write a blog for your cricket club, email email@example.com


text:
Hi. I'm new in the forum and i have been having problems with my FR and LG.
I beat the elite 4 in my fr and had more than 100 pokemons. I wanted to send many of them to my pearl: already have the national dex and won against the elite 4... I turn the ds on and press the pearl version. 1. there was no migration thing... so i decided to continue playing my fr and the saved file has been deleted... i lost everything. Can i get it back? if not, how can i avoid this in the future? and, how can i migrate pokemons from my fr, lg to my pearl?
I tried to do it with my lg version and the same happened, deleted


text:
Miracle shut out Daytona Cubs
Published: Monday, July 29, 2013 at 11:47 p.m.
Last Modified: Monday, July 29, 2013 at 11:50 p.m.
Matt Tomshaw (W, 4-3) gave up four hits and no runs in eight innings to lead Fort Myers to a 5-0 shutout over visiting Daytona.
Nelvin Fuentes pitched the ninth inning and gave up one hit.
Zeke DeVoss led Daytona, going 3 for 4 with two doubles.
Scott Baker (L, 0-1) picked up the loss. He pitched 3Ð innings and gave up two runs on three hits.
All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


text:
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text:
Ian Hodgson
Bradford, UK
Explanatory models and HIV
Culture, meaning and perceptions:
explanatory models and the delivery of HIV care
Please cite this page thus: Hodgson, I. (2000) - Culture, meaning and perceptions: explanatory models and the delivery of HIV care. Abstract MoPeD2772, XIIIth International AIDS Conference, Durban, South Africa, July 14th-19th.
Issues: Explanatory models of illness
have been considered in a large number of culture-focused studies, in general
health, and with reference to HIV. Located in both the developed and developing
world, these studies traditionally focus on the experience of clients, and
demonstrate the role of culture in shaping a persons' construction of the
meaning of illness and disease. In the case of HIV, insights into a person's
perceptions of risk have been especially valuable.
1. Centrality of culture
Culture dominates our lives; it forms the framework within which we understand and make sense of the world. It is variously defined, but the most useful states that culture is the acquired knowledge people use to interpret experience and generate behaviour (Spradley, 1980). A broader definition is: 'a set of guidelines…which individuals inherit as members of a particular society, and which tells them how to view the world, how to experience it emotionally, and how to behave in it in relation to other people, to supernatural forces or Gods, and to the natural environment' (Helman, 1994, p 2).
2. Explanatory models
Cultures, in making sense of illness, have clusters of explanatory models, the lenses through which cultures perceive and understand illness. First developed by Arthur Kleinman (1980), the term refers to interpretive notions about an episode of sickness and treatment that are employed by all those engaged in the clinical process. Importantly, both carers and patients utilise explanatory models extensively.
In particular, explanatory models address 5 aspects of illness:
· the cause of the condition
According to Kleinman, non-professional explanatory models tend to be idiosyncratic, changeable, and heavily influenced by cultural and personal factors. In a discussion of explanatory models, Helman suggests that medical explanatory models are 'based on single, causal chains of scientific logic' (1994, p111).
3. Explanatory models and HIV/AIDS
HIV and AIDS are complex and frightening phenomena, and explanatory models provide a toolkit to bestow some degree of meaning. This absorption of new phenomena into existing models is significant, and many studies have demonstrated this process of integration (e.g. Mogensen, 1997; Bechtel and Apakupakul, 1999).
Explanatory models, in this case adopted by health care workers in the West, are equally subject to 'rules of thumb' that appear at odds with scientific orthodoxy. Within the context of sophisticated health care systems, the role of cultural narratives, in the form of myths, are powerful engines in the shaping of explanatory models, and even a cursory literature review of the perceptions of HIV held by health care workers reveals that extant narratives are providing the basis for some of the more prevailing institutionalised representations informing explanatory models. These can be classified into:
4. A suggested framework
Health care interventions must be culturally adroit in order to have any chance of success (Dowsett, 1999), and this paper proposes a model that allows a critique of explanatory models according to two criteria: proximity to a context promoting physical safety (i.e. protection from infection); and proximity to a context promoting cultural safety (respect for the person). The structure is derived in part from the grid-group model developed by Douglas (1996/1970). See model below in fig. 1.
4.1 - The framework
Axis 1: this represents the degree of proximity to accepted notions of physical safety, based on what is known about HIV and modes of transmission.
Axis 2: this represents the degree of proximity to cultural safety - recognising and respecting the unique cultural identity of individuals (Kolaschek, 1998). This pertains to sensitivity to a person's social and cultural context, and is inversely related to the dominance of the institutionalised, Western explanatory models identified in section 3 above.
4.2 - The quadrants
Quadrant 1 : Pure biomedical position
Here, physical safety is maximised; scientific knowledge and information regarding safe behaviour is clear. The power of biomedicine is dominant, for knowledge of the physical body is extensive, and Foucault's 'medical gaze' is a reality. For Foucault, knowledge [in this case of the body] is power, and the transition of the person-as-individual to person-as-disease is an example of scientific objectivity meeting the 'naked individual' (Foucault, 1973). Tolerance of individual behaviour is likely to be low, because of an inability to 'listen' to alternative narratives - cultural safety is therefore at a minimum.
Quadrant 2: The 'popular' position
Here, physical safety is compromised - the accuracy of information regarding protective behaviour is poor, with flawed information regarding the virus being disseminated, often as an exaggerated fear of contagion. In addition cultural safety is also jeopardised - this is the position taken by the 'popular' (tabloid) press, where groups at risk of HIV are ostracised, and narratives conform to the prevailing cultural norms of blame and panic. The power of the Western institution remains, though the value of quadrant 1 (physical safety) is lost.
Quadrant 3: The 'individual/relativist' position
Here, physical safety remains compromised, though the threat to cultural safety is diminished, with the move away from institutionalised representations. Explanatory models in this quadrant are likely to be promulgated by people within social groups who may be at a higher risk of being infected with HIV, but choose to be selective about their risk of infection. Nemeroff (1995) suggests that certain people perceive HIV as socially discriminating - they know the risk factors, but consider that it does not apply to them.
Quadrant 4: The competent position
In this quadrant, both physical safety and cultural safety are maximised. Safe behaviour, and a consideration culture leads to cultural adroitness in health care interventions, coupled with a sure knowledge of maximising protection from infection. This is clearly the recommended location of the enlightened health care worker, who is sensitive to alternative understandings of sexuality generally, and HIV in particular.
5. Conclusion
Akinsanya, J. & Rouse, P. (1992). Who will
care?: A survey of the knowledge and attitudes of hospital nurses to people with
HIV and AIDS. Journal of Advanced Nursing 17(3): 400-401.
Fig. 1
Webmaster: Ian Hodgson
Page updated February 15, 2001


text:
APS Division of Nuclear Physics Home
APS Meeting April 13-16, Denver, CO
DNP Travel and Registration Grant Program
The DNP is pleased to offer a limited number of travel grants to encourage graduate student participation in the 2013 APS April Meeting to be held in Denver, CO, 13-16 April. The APS April Meeting provides an excellent opportunity for students to present their research, to hear about advances in a broad range of physics topics, and to meet potential employers.
To promote graduate student participation, the DNP will offer a limited number of travel awards consisting of $400 -- based on merit and need.
In order to be eligible students must have submitted an abstract (deadline 11 January) and plan to present a talk at the April meeting, and complete the application process by Monday, 28 January including having their research advisor submit a statement of support.
First name:
Last name:
Title of talk:
Your email:
Advisor last name:
Advisor phone:
Advisor email:
Last modified 14 December 2012