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Artist: Skylark
Album: Miscellaneous
Genre: Electronic
Darkness, don't ever change your way before the night
Nothing else can drive my soul insane, cause I'm dead
Sunlight, I can't escape this day where demons dancing
From the evil wings that close my arms so wide, so strong
I,m fly over your world again, before the sunlight
I'm a simple sign of what remains in your heart
Never I won't come back someday, becouse it's over
But your fantasy can still survive inside your mind
Northwinds, slipping, inside my old bones
Firestorm, sparkling, over my home
I will sign to you a song for my youth gone
I'm singing last SKYLARK song
White warrior
I'm walking around off this darkness
I'm singing the last saddest song
I'm trading my life with the death souls
Come back White warrior
This end is a meaning of boldness
But I think I throw it away
With just one mistake, just an error
No way White warrior
My princess is guiding the adventure
The angels are shining again
But I'm not the man who they meant
And now I have to take who I am
A loser but maybe a rainbow on witch mankind will fly someday
It's your choice between white and grey
I'm just White warrior
The truth now we know and we'll never be alone
The red sun is shining for us all
The rainbow will guide us where the eagles teach the art of love
And the SKYLARK won't play anymore
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Page 4 of 3
But if your appetite or schedule doesn't allow you to eat a meal right after your exercise session, don't panic. Your body can still replace your muscle fuel over the next 24 hours, as long as you're eating enough food to support your activity level. If you can, have a smaller snack that contains carbs and protein as soon after exercise as possible. Liquids like smoothies, shakes, or chocolate milk, and/or energy bars can be especially effective snacks after a workout.
Here are some sample food combinations for your post exercise meal:
As a moderate exerciser, you have a lot of flexibility when it comes to timing your meals and choosing your foods. The most important thing is getting to know your body and how it responds to exercise, so that you can give it what it needs to perform at its best. Eating the right things at the right times after you work out is essential to keeping your energy up, your workout performance high, and your body in fat-burning mode.

subset: commoncrawl


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Support Network: Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-Transgender
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Agostoni, Carlo*; Turck, Dominique†
*Department of Pediatrics, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
†Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University Lille 2, Lille, France.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Prof Carlo Agostoni, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Via della Commenda, 9, I-20122 Milano, Italy (e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com,email@example.com).
Received 26 July, 2011
Accepted 1 September, 2011
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
ABSTRACT: Discussions and debates have recently emerged on the potential positive and negative effects of cow's milk in the paediatric community, also under the pressure of public opinion. The negative effects of cow's-milk consumption seem to be limited to iron status up to 9 to 12 months; then no negative effects are observed, provided that cow's milk, up to a maximum daily intake of 500 mL, is adequately complemented with iron-enriched foods. Lactose intolerance can be easily managed and up to 250 mL/day of milk can be consumed. Allergy to cow's-milk proteins is usually transient. Atopic children may independently be at risk for poor growth, and the contribution of dairy nutrients to their diet should be considered. The connection of cow's milk to autistic spectrum disorders is lacking, and even a cause–effect relation with type 1 diabetes mellitus has not been established because many factors may concur. Although it is true that cow's milk stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 and may affect linear growth, association with chronic degenerative, noncommunicable diseases has not been established. Finally, fat-reduced milk, if needed, should be considered after 24 to 36 months. Cow's milk represents a major source of high nutritional quality protein as well as of calcium. Moreover, it has growth-promoting effects independent of specific compounds. Its protein and fat composition, together with the micronutrient content, is suggestive of a functional food, whose positive effects are emphasised by regular consumption, particularly under conditions of diets poor in some limiting nutrients, although in industrialised countries cow's milk's optimal daily intake should be around 500 mL, adequately complemented with other relevant nutrients.
Cow's milk recently has been targeted by the media for having a presumed deleterious role in the development of both acute and chronic diseases in young and older children. Milk consumption has been even recently considered "a major health hazard and 'the promoter of Western chronic diseases' " (1). Pros and cons of its consumption and promotion have been widely discussed in the last few years, and discussions have been raised on the possible negative effects on a child's health. In the present article we consider the critical points regarding the effects of cow's milk and presumed associated risk conditions. A literature search strategy was performed through MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, and Web of Knowledge using "cow's milk," and "nutritional value," as well as any of the following conditions: iron-deficiency anaemia, lactase deficiency, cow's-milk protein allergy (CMPA), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), type 1 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, chronic-degenerative disorders, and cancer.
Whole cow's milk is a complete source of energy, made up of all of the major macronutrients and partly of some micronutrients, particularly calcium and phosphorus (Table 1). On a comparative basis with other animal sources, whole cow's milk is the richest source of calcium and vitamin D, considering beef meat and eggs, and is the cheapest source of protein, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D (Table 2) (2). A complete evaluation of the effects of cow's milk should take into account these aspects that represent a relevant contribution to the popularity of cow's milk. Indeed, cow's milk historically is the first choice for the prevention and treatment of moderate and severe malnutrition in children from low-income countries (3), and may represent the most accessible animal source of proteins with high biological value (4).
In spite of these considerations, the popularity of cow's milk has been the object of periodical reappraisals, not only in the lay press but even in paediatric journals and publications, according to the changing perspectives of treatment and prevention of paediatric disorders through the years (5,6). The classical complication associated with low consumption and/or avoidance of cow's milk during the lifespan has been recognised in lower intake and deposition of calcium within bones, thus negatively affecting bone mineral content and bone density (7), with a major predisposition to bone fractures (8). We should consider the following major critical points associated with the consumption of cow's milk: the risk of iron-deficiency anaemia in infants, lactase deficiency, allergy to milk proteins, ASDs, increased risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus, and possible associations with chronic degenerative, noncommunicable disorders such as metabolic syndrome and related complications and cancer.
Infants younger than 12 months may develop iron-deficiency anaemia when they are switched from maternal milk and not adequately complemented. In the Euro-Growth study involving 488 infants from 11 European centres, the prevalence of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia was 7.2% and 2.3%, respectively (9). Early introduction of cow's milk was the strongest negative determinant of iron status, with each month of cow's-milk feeding increasing the risk of iron deficiency by 39%. Feeding of iron-fortified formula was the main factor positively influencing iron status. Several different mechanisms may act synergistically (10):
1. The low iron content of cow's milk (Table 1).
2. Calcium and casein provided by cow's milk in high amounts because calcium and casein together inhibit the absorption of dietary nonheme iron.
3. The resulting low iron biovailability for absorption. Estimating <0.05 mg iron/100 g cow's milk, and an absorption rate of 10%, <5 μg/100 g intake should be absorbed (11).
4. Occult intestinal blood loss in approximately 40% of normal infants during feeding of cow's milk.
The origins of the latter phenomenon are still largely unknown, and cannot be attributed to either the casein or whey fraction. The occult blood loss has been observed anecdotically also with fermented milk products in the first year of life, whereas it has been observed that babies exposed to modified cow's milk antigens from birth have a lower incidence of blood loss. Studies developed to define the size of the combined effect of poor iron supply and occult blood losses of cow's milk on iron status have found significant negative associations in the 9- to 12-month period when consumption was >460 mL/day (12). In any case, the loss of iron in the form of blood diminishes with age and ceases after 1 year of age.
Twenty years ago, the Committee on Nutrition of the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that whole cow's milk not be used during the first year of life (13). The Committee on Nutrition of European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition has considered the question of the introduction and the effects of cow's milk in infants' diet with 2 separate documents. In the first one, aimed at the prevention of iron-deficiency anaemia, the recommendation to postpone the introduction of whole cow's milk up to 12 months and, in case of breast-feeding failure, to substitute with an iron-enriched formula was clearly indicated (14). A few years later, when considering the issue of complementary feeding, the Committee suggested that recommendations on the age for introduction of cow's milk had to take into consideration tradition and feeding patterns in the population, especially the intake of complementary foods rich in iron and the volume of milk consumed. Accordingly, the Committee concluded that it is acceptable to add small volumes of cow's milk to complementary foods, but it should not be used as the main drink before 12 months (15) and not to displace richer sources of iron. The so-called growing-up milks have a lower protein content than cow's milk and are supplemented with trace elements, including iron, vitamins, and essential fatty acids. Although the commercialisation of growing-up milks continues to increase in many countries worldwide, particularly in Europe (16,17), their benefits are still a matter of debate. This controversy arose because the possible nutritional risks associated with the use of cow's milk and the expected benefits from the use of growing-up milks have not been clearly demonstrated after the age of 1 year.
Lactose is the primary sugar of mammalian milk. Ingested lactose is hydrolysed by lactase, an enzyme of the microvillus membrane of the enterocytes, into its components glucose and galactose, which are absorbed. If lactase activity is low or absent, undigested lactose may induce the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Lactase deficiency or nonpersistence (adult-type hypolactasia) is caused by the downregulation of lactase enzyme activity during childhood. Lactase deficiency likely represents the most popular adverse status associated with disturbing symptoms ascribed to the consumption of cow's milk and some fresh dairy products (18).
The downregulation of lactase activity is genetically determined and occurs soon after weaning (starting at 24–36 months) in most ethnic groups, usually increasing from northern to southern Europe, being maximal in sub-Saharan countries. When symptomatic, it includes moderate-to-acute symptoms of excessive flatulence, bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea. Besides large interindividual variability, even within single ethnic groups, it is also characterised by the weak association between symptoms and diagnosis, mostly based on breath test assessment of hydrogen produced by fermentation of undigested lactose by colonic bacteria (19,20). Consequently, most individuals presumed to be affected prefer to avoid milk and milk-containing products by self-selection, with a consequent low intake of calcium and the possible untoward consequences on bone health, starting even from adolescence (21,22). In revising the matter of the definition of lactose threshold in lactose tolerance, the European Food Safety Authority recently issued a document emphasising that lactose tolerance varies widely in individuals with (presumed or real) lactose maldigestion (23). A single threshold for all lactose-intolerant individuals cannot be determined because symptoms of lactose intolerance have been described even after intake of <6 g lactose, but most individuals diagnosed as having lactose intolerance or lactose maldigestion can tolerate 12 g of lactose as a single dose of milk (ie, approximately 250 mL) with no or minor symptoms (20). Higher doses may also be tolerated if distributed throughout the day. Individuals need to adapt their lactose consumption to their individual tolerance. Recent recommendations (22) to address lactose intolerance point out the beneficial effects of regular milk consumption that may adapt colon bacteria, thus facilitating the digestion of lactose; the consumption of yogurts and cheeses, mildly lower in lactose but displaying lactase activity (particularly yogurts and fermented products) at lower temperature, further aiding lactose digestion within the gastrointestinal tract; the consumption of dairy foods with meals to slow transit and maximise digestion; the use of milks with low lactose content, that is, with lactose already split by enzymatic intervention. The use of lactose-digestive aids has also been advocated, but they are expensive and their use is scarcely evidence based.
Secondary lactase deficiency results from diseases of the small intestine that damage the intestinal epithelium, leading to subsequent lactose maldigestion of different degrees. Acute gastroenteritis, untreated coeliac disease, and chronic intestinal inflammation may be associated with hypolactasia; however, when the epithelium heals, the activity of the lactase returns (18). In populations with a low prevalence of the adult type of hypolactasia, screening tests for coeliac disease could be considered in children presenting with chronic symptoms of lactose intolerance.
Cow's-milk protein is the most frequently encountered dietary allergen in infancy. The prevalence of CMPA in childhood ranges between 2% and 7% (24), depending on the methods of recruitment, age distribution of populations studied, and diagnostic criteria. Caregivers should keep in mind that the prevalence of CMPA as perceived by the child's parents is higher than that of actual CMPA (25). The majority of affected infants acquire natural tolerance to cow's-milk protein before age 3 years. According to Høst et al (26), remission rates are 45% to 50% at 1 year, 60% to 75% at 2 years, and 85% to 90% at 3 years. Persistent cases of CMPA are characterised by the intensity of the family atopy history, a longer period between the consumption of the cow's-milk proteins and the onset of symptoms, a high frequency of multiple food allergies, and the coexistence of asthma and allergic rhinitis, as well as more of an allergy to casein than to soluble proteins. CMPA with early gastrointestinal symptoms has a better prognosis as opposed to CMPA with immunoglobulin E–mediated symptoms (27). The resolution of CMPA may be partial (28). Some children considered to be free of CMPA may retain a residual disease and may not be able to tolerate a normal intake of milk and dairy products. In a Finnish study, 45% of children, who were reliably diagnosed as having a CMPA during the first year of life and who were since considered free of that CMPA, complained at 10 years of gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and/or nausea) in relation to the ingestion of dairy products, compared with 10% in the control group (29). The nutritional effect of CMPA varies considerably in both expression and intensity and should be systematically evaluated (30). It depends not only on the extent of intestinal mucosal inflammation, which may induce malabsorption and/or protein-losing enteropathy, but also on the occurrence of skin protein losses, as in cases of atopic dermatitis (30). An inadequate energy intake in children with food (mainly milk) allergy on an elimination diet has been demonstrated in previous studies, together with low rates of growth concerning both length and weight, particularly in the first year of life (31). In an Italian study, for instance, we found an impairment in growth of infants with atopic dermatitis in the first year of life, beginning in the first months of life. The impairment was notably marked after the onset of disease, but for length it was evident even before the onset of disease (32). A proper diagnosis of CMPA is therefore crucial because restricted diets can reduce the quality of life and lead to serious detrimental effects, especially in infants and young children. The elimination diet prevents the allergic inflammation induced by the offending food, but may have deleterious effects on the child's nutritional status and growth pattern. Abnormal feeding behaviours induced by the use of restrictive diets and of therapeutic formulas may also play a role, together with an inefficient use of nutrients (higher needs, lower utilisation). Undernutrition may be the consequence of an uncontrolled, inappropriate, and/or excessively strict elimination diet (33,34). The nutritional risk is higher in cases of multiple food allergies: the elimination diet may easily result in deficiencies, especially if it includes multiple exclusions. In a study conducted by Christie et al (35), children with at least 2 food allergies were slightly shorter (height for age percentile) than those with a single food allergy. Also, >25% of children consumed less than two-thirds of the dietary reference intakes for calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin E. The low calcium intake was especially marked in children with CMPA or multiple allergies.
All of these data suggest that children with milk allergy need nutritional counselling that considers not only the total energy needs of the patients but also the peculiarities deriving from the use of particular exclusion diets involving foods, not just single components. Because the atopic status itself may represent an "at-risk" condition of poor growth in the first year of life, "individually tailored" elimination diets may be required to sustain adequate growth in this population, while avoiding dietary imbalances. Maybe nutritional benefits will be shown from the recently introduced specific oral tolerance induction procedures, showing the major advantage of substantially reducing the risk of severe reactions after accidental ingestion of the allergen (36,37).
The mass media and easy access to the Internet have progressively increased the popularity of some beliefs, including that some observed and diagnosed functional disorders of the brain activity could be related to food components, including food additives or food protein components. Gastrointestinal disorders and associated symptoms are also commonly reported in individuals with ASDs, but key issues such as the prevalence and best treatment of these conditions are incompletely understood. More than 30 years ago, behavioural disorders induced by administration of low doses of morphine in rats were compared with some characteristics of autism in children, leading to the proposition that behavioural disturbances in autism can result from abnormal activation of the opioid system because of an excess of agonists in the brain (38). Gluten in cereals and casein in milk were identified as important sources of peptides with opioid activity (exorphins) (39). According to this hypothesis, some of the disorders in ASD can be related to excessive amounts of dietary exorphins, a theory that is still unconfirmed but is the main rationale for avoidance diets in these diseases.
This "mal-awareness" has resulted in the self-prescribed removal of gluten-containing cereals and cow's milk with milk-protein–containing foods that has become the most widely used method of alternative management in ASD in the United States (40). The risk in this situation of nutritional imbalances for a growing organism is high, considering that both treated children with coeliac disease and allergic patients (see previous section) may meet nutritional deficiencies even if regularly followed up. Despite the selective nature of their eating patterns, children with ASD seem to have growth similar to that of populations of children taken as a reference; however, there are no data available on the growth pattern or nutritional status of children with ASD following a gluten-free and casein-free diet. Therefore, it is not possible to confirm whether such a diet has no harmful effects in the short, medium, or long term. A consensus document was published in 2010 on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in individuals with ASD (41,42). Accordingly, "available research data do not support the use of a casein-free diet, gluten-free diet, or combined gluten-free, casein-free diet as a primary treatment for individuals with ASDs." Nevertheless, some parents take the decision of feeding their child with a restricted diet. In this situation, they need information to help plan a balanced diet within the restrictions imposed by the chosen diet. Given the real hardships associated with implementation of a strict gluten-free, casein-free diet, additional studies are needed to assess risk factors and possible markers that identify individuals who may benefit from these diets. CMPA should be considered in any case if specific gastrointestinal symptoms are present.
Is there a biological plausibility for a role of cow's-milk proteins in type 1 diabetes mellitus development? In 1968, genetic differences were described for the first time in milk proteins between individual cattle and breeds (43). In northern Europe, A1 was the predominant form of β-casein in cow's milk (with a range of variation of the A1/β ratio from 0.46 to 0.71). In other breeds, the ratio was lower up to 0.25 (44). The distinctive peptide formed mostly from A1 β-casein is β-casomorphin-7 (BCM7), considered the active ingredient (45). A clear direct relation was shown between the daily procapita consumption of A1 β-casein and the type 1 diabetes incidence per year in most Western countries (46). It was speculated that a higher A1/β ratio may result, through immune-related biological processes, in a permanent change of the islet cells, making them prone to other factors or processes leading to apoptosis in later life. Truswell (47) critically reviewed the matter, pointing out that the β-casein A1 allele is unique in producing β-caseomorphins with opioid properties. β-Caseomorphins may inhibit human intestine lymphocyte proliferation, thus suppressing tolerance and/or defence mechanisms in the presence of other concurring episodes of infection, for instance. Even if it is possible that early feeding of cow's milk to infants who are genetically susceptible to type 1 diabetes may increase the risk of their developing diabetes, published case-control studies included nearly as many that showed no risk. Considering the meta-analysis published by Gerstein (48) and the main publications up to 2005, Truswell concluded that the relative risk was as little as >1.0, ranging from about 1.5 for early cow's-milk exposure or <3 months' breast-feeding to 1.1 for non–breast-feeding infants, assessed with feeding records rather than mothers' recollections (49). In conclusion, there was no convincing or probable evidence that the A1 β-casein in cow's milk was a factor causing type 1 diabetes.
The European Food Safety Authority was asked for an opinion on the potential health effects of β-caseomorphins and related peptides, and concluded in 2009 that even if autoantibodies found in type 1 diabetes have not been proven to be directly involved in disease progression, the development of type 1 diabetes is the result of a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental risk factors (50). Although some ecological studies have linked the intake of BCM7 with type 1 diabetes, a cause–effect relation between the oral intake of BCM7 or related peptides and noncommunicable diseases cannot be established.
The recent publication of the 10-year observations from the second trial of the Trial to Reduce Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Genetically at Risk study (Trigger), inclusive only of Finnish participants, has raised again the discussion on the possible role of cow's-milk proteins in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (51). The tested hypothesis was that supplementing breast milk with greatly hydrolysed cow's-milk formula would decrease the cumulative incidence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in children with genetic susceptibility (ie, human leukocyte antigen–conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and at least 1 family member with type 1 diabetes). Accordingly, 230 infants were randomised to receive either a casein (100%) hydrolysate formula or a conventional, cow's-milk–based formula (control: 80% protein made up of whey and casein, 20% hydrolysed casein) whenever breast milk was not available during the first 6 to 8 months of life. At 10 years, the positivity for 1 or more autoantibodies was 46% lower for the casein hydrolysate group. Therefore, dietary intervention decreasing exposure to intact cow's-milk proteins during infancy appears to have a long-lasting effect on markers of β-cell autoimmunity, which may reflect an autoimmune process playing a role in the occurrence of type 1 diabetes. Development to type 1 diabetes was similar in the 2 groups, and therefore the clinical meaning is still debated. Other studies have highlighted the possible interaction between the genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and dietary exposure in the development of the disease, showing that high consumption of cow's milk during childhood (≥3 glasses/day, equivalent to 540 mL) can be diabetogenic in siblings of children with type 1 diabetes (52).
The question of the possible association between cow's-milk consumption and the facilitated development of metabolic syndrome and chronic degenerative disorders later on is sensitive because it is strictly connected to the main functional effects of cow's milk, that is, its growth-promoting effect. There is a general consensus that the growth-promoting effect of cow's milk is mainly mediated by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Indeed, through an elegant series of experiments, a group in Copenhagen has shown, step by step, that IGF-1 levels in blood are associated with the consumption of animal versus vegetable proteins and milk versus meat (with increase in milk intake from 200 to 600 mL leading to a 30% increase in IGF-1 level) (53), skim milk versus lean meat (54), and casein versus whey (55). Milk consumption is also associated with increased insulin secretion and resistance in the short term when compared with meat (56), and whey has been shown to increase insulin levels versus casein (55). This observation could explain the dissociation between the glycaemic and the insulinemic curves when whole cow's milk and skim milk are tested against glucose. Although the glycaemic index is lower than for glucose and similar for both whole and skim cow's milk, the insulinemic response is the opposite, being higher for both types of milk compared with glucose (57). Maybe additive components such as lactose or some amino acids could stimulate insulin secretion with a resulting anabolic effect without altering the glucose response. The growth-stimulating effect of milk has been recognised since 1928, from the effects on height with intervention diets similar as far as energy supply from school lunch but differing in milk content (58), up to the more recent observations of recovery and catch-up length and weight in young children on a vegan diet, wherein a minimum supplement with fish per week and fat plus milk per day was effective (59).
Warnings about the excess of proteins given in early childhood and the risk of a negative effect on growth stimulation started with the observation of Rolland-Cachera et al (60) of an earlier adiposity rebound in association with a higher intake of proteins. According to a few other studies, when average protein intakes at early ages are particularly high (≥15% energy), early adiposity rebound and associations with measures of adiposity later on are observed (61). A stimulatory effect of IGF-1 on preadipocytes is possible, but the precise mechanisms supporting a full biological plausibility are still unclear (62). In any case, it should be noted that the association is with the general protein intake, and no direct involvement of cow's milk is described.
The possible double face of cow's milk growth-promoting effects, from a virtuous circle to a vicious circle, has been extensively reviewed by Hoppe et al (63). Cow's milk contains nutrients directly acting on body composition (calcium and vitamins, for instance) and bioactive peptides with indirect action on hepatic synthesis and pituitary secretion of growth-promoting agents. Both of these components may affect biomechanisms, potentially influencing the expression of noncommunicable diseases, according to the genetic background, on a theoretical basis.
As a matter of fact, results from observational studies are not univocal. An inverse relation between protein intake and blood pressure levels has been found in 2.5-year-old Danish children (64). Because children in the study received 33% of their protein from milk or dairy products, the effect of protein could be related to some bioactive components in milk. Within the Framingham Children's Study, 99 children, 6 years at baseline, were followed up to adolescence (65). The lowest sex-specific tertiles of dairy intake in preschool (<1.25 servings/day in girls and <1.70 in boys) had greater gains in body fat in childhood (≥3 additional millimetres of subcutaneous fat per year in the sum of 4 skinfold measurements). Consistent with these findings, the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study considered the 10-year cumulative incidence of insulin resistance syndrome components (practically all of the major components of the metabolic syndrome) by categories of total dairy intake with stratification by baseline overweight status in young adults. Dairy consumption was inversely associated with the incidence of all of the insulin resistance syndrome components among individuals who were overweight at baseline, leading the authors to conclude that dietary patterns characterised by increased dairy consumption have a strong inverse association with insulin resistance syndrome among overweight adults and may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (66).
It can be concluded from the previous observations that there is no available evidence that cow's-milk consumption in childhood plays a deleterious role in the later risk of chronic degenerative, noncommunicable disorders.
The observations on the associations between intake of milk or dairy products and some types of cancer are not univocal. The 2007 Report of the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) on food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer concluded that "the evidence on the relationship between milk and dairy products, and also diets high in calcium, and the risk of cancer, points in different directions. Milk probably protects against colorectal cancer. Diets high in calcium are a probable cause of prostate cancer; there is limited evidence suggesting that high consumption of milk and dairy products is a cause of prostate cancer" (67). Among the possible causes are a downregulation of 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D, a greater intake of conjugated linoleic acid (LA), exposure to contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, as well as the IGF-1–stimulating effect (68). Few data are available on the role of childhood dairy or milk intake and cancer risk in adulthood. A study from the British Boyd-Orr cohort found a near-tripling in the odds of colorectal cancer (odds ratio [OR] 2.90; 95% confidence interval 1.26–6.65) in the highest versus the lowest quartile range of childhood dairy intake, independent of meat, fruit, and vegetable intakes and socioeconomic indicators (69). Childhood milk intake showed a similar association with colorectal cancer risk. A recent study from New Zealand showed that participation in school milk programs from 1937 to 1967 was associated with a reduced OR for colorectal cancer (OR 0.70; 95% confidence interval 0.51–0.96), with a 2.1% reduction in the OR for every 100 half-pint bottles drunk (1 half-pint bottle = 284 mL) (70).
Because the avoidance of milk and dairy products should lead to the necessity of supplementing diet with integrators, we should do well to remember that, in absence of a clear cause–effect relation, the guidelines of the major cancer societies recommend meeting nutritional needs through natural foods and not supplements, according to strategies consistent with general public health guidelines. Randomised clinical trials have produced strong evidence that high-dose supplements of some nutrients increase cancer risk. Therefore, the 2007 WCRF/AICR report also concluded that from an individual point of view, dietary supplements are not recommended for cancer prevention (67).
One of the milk components often discussed for the possible negative consequences on long-term health is fat. Fat composition of cow's milk is not 1-way. It is true that cow's milk is mainly made up of saturated fats, with a contribution of 65% to 70% from myristic (14:0) to stearic (18:0) acid, but it includes also short-, medium-, and intermediate-chain fatty acids. LA (18:2n-6) is low, around 2%, and α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) is slightly lower but extremely variable, 0.2% to 1.2%. The resulting LA/α-linolenic acid ratio is variable, around 4 to 10:1, thus allowing for a more favourable predisposition towards the individual synthesis of the derivatives longer-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) even if whole cow's milkfats include small amounts of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). Thus, infants fed cow's milkfat show a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status ranging between those fed formulas enriched with vegetable oils and those fed breast milk (71). It is even possible to raise levels of DHA with breeding techniques that are in any case difficult to maintain (72). Finally, milkfat also contains fatty acids originating from the elaborate digestive processes, such as trans-vaccenic and conjugated LA. Overall, increased consumption of full-fat dairy products and naturally derived trans fatty acids seems not to cause significant changes in cardiovascular disease risk variables, as may be expected on the basis of the present health recommendations (73), even if excess consumption should be avoided (74). Beyond composition, cow's milkfat represents a rich source of energy for the first years of life. The Committee on Nutrition of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition recommended that the fat content of the diet should be above, not below, 25% of total energy intake and that lowfat milks (1.5%–2%) should be recommended from >2 to 3 years onward, depending on the growth curve and family history of chronic degenerative disorders. Lowfat milk may limit energy intake and thereby growth (15); however, with the present obesity epidemic that affects both preschool children and older children, the potential beneficial effects of lowfat milk on energy intake and later preferences should also be taken into account.
Cow's milk represents a major source of protein of high nutritional quality and calcium. After briefly reviewing all of the major issues connected with the potential of cow's milk to be harmful to children's diet, we summarise:
1. Negative effects of cow's-milk consumption on iron status are possible up to 9 to 12 months; then no negative effects are observed, provided that cow's milk, limited to an optimal daily intake of 500 mL, is adequately complemented with iron-enriched foods and other relevant nutrients.
2. Lactose intolerance can be easily managed. There is no need for eliminating dairy foods and milk that could be consumed up to 250 mL/day.
3. Allergy to cow's-milk proteins is usually transient. Atopic children may independently be at risk for poor growth, and the contribution of dairy nutrients to their diet should be considered.
4. The connection between cow's milk and ASDs is lacking.
5. A cause–effect relation with type 1 diabetes mellitus has not been established, and many factors may concur.
6. Cow's milk stimulates IGF-1 and may affect linear growth, but association with chronic degenerative, noncommunicable diseases has not been established.
7. Reduced-fat milks should be considered after 24 to 36 months.
This article has been cited 4 time(s).
chronic-degenerative disorders; cow's milk; growth; milk composition
Copyright 2011 by ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN
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text:
Aug. 30, 2012
By Amy Hughes
The Sixth Annual Jim Mora Celebrity Golf Classic benefiting the Jim Mora Count On Me Family Foundation took place in Seattle to open the final week of June. As Mora begins his tenure as head football coach at UCLA with his first game today against Rice, history shows that the Foundation can expect to take another geographic move in stride.
The Count On Me Foundation started in 2005 in Atlanta, Ga. while Mora was serving as the head coach of the Atlanta Falcons. A 2007 move to Seattle saw the Foundation set up shop in the Pacific Northwest while maintaining its ties to Atlanta. That plan, which will be executed by Jim's wife, Shannon, is also in place for the family and Foundation's move to Los Angeles.
The Foundation is almost completely volunteer-run and is therefore able to pass along nearly all of its intake along to programs for children in need.
"My wife does all of the work while I sit idly by and watch," joked Jim Mora earlier this summer.
"What's really exciting about (the money raised at the golf tournament) is that Shannon and her committee are all volunteers," said Jim. "Besides our minimal administration with our Executive Director, we do not have much overhead. Just about everything that we give away in prizes or auction off is a donation, therefore a really high percentage of the money we raise, we're able to fund programs immediately. It's exciting. Our passion is helping kids, and my wife takes it very, very seriously."
"We research and ferret out what we can do, where we can do it, and we just do it," said Shannon. "I never let a 'no' stand in my way. I sincerely feel so strongly about our mission of helping children in need that I have no hesitation in requesting assistance from sponsors and donors along with individual supporters within the communities we service. It's empowering for everyone to get involved in helping. Even if it's just a little bit of time, energy or donations, we'll find a way to make it go a long ways."
While Jim Mora has been preparing the UCLA football team for the 2012 season, Shannon has probably been twice as busy, moving the Mora's four children and household to Los Angeles. And run a major celebrity golf tournament.
While driving to the June 25 event at The Golf Club at Newcastle, Shannon fielded a call from a moving company.
"Literally on my way to the golf event, one of the movers called," recalled Shannon. "I had to move my family in three weeks, and I hadn't done anything. The mover called to take a look to offer a bid. They asked what our move date was, and the only thing I could come up with was July."
This past spring, while her husband was running spring practices, Shannon Mora was busy with the family's day-to-day life in Seattle and preparation for the golf tournament. The foundation is very volunteer-driven, and that starts at the top.
"We really are grassroots," Shannon said. "We are small. It's me, an Executive Director, and a crazy group of dedicated volunteers. We've found many of our nonprofits that we fund through our volunteer pool. Maybe somebody has an affiliation with a children's nonprofit that they are fond of supporting. If it fits within our mission of helping kids in need, we'll fund that program."
Once the Foundation funds a cause, they will maintain that tie, even if the realities of the professional life of a football coach intrude and prompt the family to move.
"When we go somewhere, we dig in," said Jim. "We buy a house, we remodel it if we want to, we get ourselves involved in the community, and we treat it as if we're going to be there forever.
"When you're dealing with kids in need, a lot of the kids we've dealt with have been let down," said Jim. "People have left them. We have decided that even though things don't always work out the way we want them to with football and it forces us to move, we're not going to abandon the programs that we're involved in. We won't just pull up roots in Atlanta and go to Seattle and tell those kids 'hey, sorry!' It's the same thing coming from Seattle to Los Angeles. We strive to continue to support the young people we supported up there."
One of the Foundation's signature charities is the Boys and Girls Club. In greater metro Atlanta, the Foundation sponsors a football league.
"That is a population of young men who really do need to have some place to go," said Shannon. "We support their annual Turkey Bowl. We felt that even with Jim moving his job, if we could keep that specific program going, we wanted to. These young men have had a lot of adults leave their life, and many do not have a male adult role model. We did not want to abandon them also."
Among the Foundation's various activities are a Bowling Benefit Bash night, Guys & Girls Nights Out, various involvement with Boy's and Girl's Clubs, and the Special Olympics. Shannon's older sister, Whittney, has Down Syndrome and had participated early on in Special Olympics through her high school.
"That exposure early on got me hooked on seeing, especially in Special Olympics, the sheer joy in competing," said Shannon. "There is joy in just being out there and being a part of something. Special Olympic athletes come in all ages, but the mental part of a Special Olympic athlete has that youthful outlook. The participants are so excited to be a part of it."
The Foundation tailors its support to specific areas within large national organizations. Shannon Mora sits on the board of both the Georgia and Washington Special Olympics committees and is very aware of how the Foundation can help those organizations, among others.
"With Special Olympics in Atlanta, the need was more coaches," said Shannon. "So we keyed in to make sure we could facilitate more coaching clinics. In Washington, the need was focusing on getting younger participants involved in Special Olympics, so we fund the Young Athletes Program."
Additionally, a favorite outreach for both Jim and Shannon Mora is the Foundation's "Holiday Shops" program. A "store" of items sponsored by the Foundation is gathered and brought to young patients in long-term care at local hospitals. Seriously ill children are then able to select gifts for their families, wrap them and create cards to go along with their gifts.
"This is my wife's, along with two other ladies, brainchild," said Jim of the Holiday Shop program. "There are so many kids in the hospital at those special times of year, and they can't get out and buy gifts for their families around the holidays, and they can't buy gifts for their moms on Mother's Day, so we really take the store to them. It's pretty touching to be able to see the empowerment that each young shopper feels. It's a good feeling."
This year's Mother's Day shop at the Hemoncology Floor of Seattle Children's Hospital rode high on the coattails of a music video done by patients to Kelly Clarkson's "Stronger".
"Each of the patients in that video shopped at our Holiday Shop," said Shannon. "Two days prior, all the kids were abuzz that they'd been in a music video, and they were getting close to 1,000 hits on YouTube. By Tuesday, Kelly Clarkson had posted a video back to them, and they were flying high.
"Any time it can be away from the mundane, these kids really have perspective," continued Shannon. "They're not in a corner cowering due to their illness. They want to give back. Now every time I hear that song, I associate it with that video. I have a totally different relationship with that song."
The 2012 Celebrity Golf Classic, by far the Foundation's largest fundraiser, cleared roughly $250,000 according to early estimates. That amount will be turned around and distributed through the Foundation's grant cycle to children's existing causes as well as new outreaches. As the Mora family becomes integrated into its new Los Angeles and UCLA communities, those needs will grow, making those numbers even more important.
"Our kids have grown up with (the golf tournament)," said Shannon. "They're aware of it. Now that they're between 17 and 9, they all help. They're stuffing bags, running errands, dropping stuff off. They know that for the four months leading up to the golf tournament, Mom is MIA. There's no food in the house, laundry's not done, I'm on the phone and on email constantly and they're ready for the golf event to be over again."
With the family moved to Los Angeles, the focus will once again turn to the 7th Annual Jim Mora Celebrity Golf Classic. Arrangements will be made to bring the event to Southern California, and decisions will be made about maintaining the existing golf tournament in Seattle.
"We are community-based and grassroots," said Shannon. "It's a lot of blood, sweat and tears, but the benefits to children in need within our communities make it all worth it!"
One thing is certain - the Jim Mora Count On Me Family Foundation will continue to thrive in its new community and environment.
"Life is about giving," said Jim. "The things that really matter are the young people you're able to affect in a positive way."
For more information on the Jim Mora Count on Me Family Foundation, visit countonmefoundation.org.


text:
College Hockey:DeMichiel Stops 22 as RIT Sweeps Holy Cross
Favot Scores Game-Winner
ROCHESTER, N.Y. — RIT extended their conference unbeaten streak to 12 with a 2-0 victory over Holy Cross. The last four games (3-0-1) in the streak were against the Crusaders.
The Tigers scored two first period goals in less than a minute and got 22 saves by Jared DeMichiel for the shutout.
"I thought all the periods were really good if you look at the opportunities that we missed," RIT coach Wayne Wilson said. "We have to keep finishing off our chances. I thought it was a good job defensively as well and that's just as important, and we didn't get frustrated, and we did a good job."
"I thought the first period things got away from us," Holy Cross coach Paul Pearl said. "And then in the second and third, I thought we played great. We can't let happen what happened in the first. I thought it was a very gutsy performance for us to hang in there because they are a very good team. At the same time, we made our own problems for ourselves. You can't fall behind 2-0 on the road. It's too tough a place to do that."
RIT's best scoring chances early in the game ironically came on Holy Cross' first power play, but the Tigers could not pop one in.
At 13:29 of the first period, the scoring began and then quickly stopped. With the man advantage, Cameron Burt brought the puck down the middle. He had an open Tyler Brenner to his right, but decided to dish it off to his left to a streaking Andrew Favot, who one-timed it past Thomas Tysowsky without slowing down.
Fifty-three seconds later, the Tigers had a 2-0 lead on another quick score. Brent Alexin fed Taylor McReynolds sitting in the slot. McReynolds easily fired it into the net.
An uneventful second period, just one penalty on each side and only six shots apiece, went by without any change in scoring, despite a few good opportunities and Holy Cross starting to get take back some control of the game.
The third period again saw even play and close to even shots as Holy Cross tried to get on the scoreboard.
"We had a heck of a lot chances," Pearl said. "We had a breakaway. We hit a post. We missed an open net. It's not like the opportunity wasn't there. Did we have as many as we would like? Probably not."
Holy Cross called time out late in the game and then eventually pulled their goalie with 1:20 left, but applied minimum pressure on DeMichiel, who was able to hold onto his shutout.
"I thought he played well last night as well," Wilson said of his goaltender. "He was stopping the puck extremely well. He's been really stellar for us this year. He's having a great year. He, just like the rest of the team, needs to keep working on the things he needs to get better at."
Tysowsky wound up with 28 saves.
RIT remains one point behind first place. However, RIT has four games in hand.
"We talk about we got those four games in hand, but if you lose one all of a sudden you're down to three games in hand. It disappears quickly," Wilson said. "So you just have to focus on your games."
RIT (11-8-1, 11-2-1) travels to Connecticut next weekend for a pair.
"It's important we keep moving forward," Wilson said. "We've played well on the road."
Holy Cross (5-12-4, 4-8-3) plays a home-and-home against AIC with the first game at Holy Cross on Friday.
"We don't tell them to forget anything," Pearl said about the games against RIT. "We're trying to learn. We're trying to get better by learning from the mistakes. If anything, we are not going to forget it. We're going to learn from what we did wrong this weekend, and I think that will help us against AIC. They have a very good team, also."
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Please also keep "woofing," taunting, and otherwise unsportsmanlike behavior to a minimum. Your posts will more than likely be deleted, and worse yet, you reflect badly on yourself, your favorite team and your conference.


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Police are renewing their appeal for information after a 58-year-old woman has died from her injuries, after a collision on Friday, 14 December, on Rotherway, in Rotherham.
At about 7.50pm a grey Seat Altea driven by a 40-year-old man was travelling on Rotherway towards the roundabout joining West Bawtry Road. A red Peugeot 206 driven by the woman was behind the Seat and its thought the Seat kept stalling on this stretch of road. The two cars approached the roundabout in the left hand lane and the Peugeot struck the rear of the Seat.
The woman from Rotherham suffered a bleed on the brain and was treated at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital, and later died.
Officers would like to trace a man driving a small silver car that stopped at the scene immediately after the collision, and spoke to the woman. The man left, saying he had an appointment. It is not believed that the silver car was involved in the collision, but the driver may have witnessed it.
Anyone with information about the collision, or who may have witnessed the manner of driving of the vehicles before the collision, is urged to call South Yorkshire Police on 101 quoting incident number 1056 of 14 December.


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Family computer support question: I have a relative who's a hotmail user. I'd like to setup his machine (IE 8 Vista) so that when he clicks on a mailto URL it opens a new page/tab for composing mail in the normal hotmail mail composing window. Introducing a new progam like Windows Mail is way too complicated. It needs to be dead simple. Do I need "Live Mail" to do this? Or is there something even simpler than that?
Officially Windows does no longer support "mailto webmail", but that doesn't mean it cannot be done.
i'm using Gmail as my default client in Windows 7 with IE8, here is what i did:
download and import this registry file (credit to limneos at sevenforums.com), which is written with Yahoo! Mail in mind.
go to Default Programs > Set your default programs > Internet Explorer > Choose defaults for this program, under Protocols MAILTO is now available, check the box and Save.
right now, all mailto links will open Internet Explorer with Yahoo! Mail/Compose, to change this, open the registry editor and navigate to
double click the default value, the following part (url) of the value data has to be replaced:
for Gmail, i'm using this URL instead:
for Hotmail use this URL:
voilá, Hotmail as default email client in Windows.
p.s.: i have tested Hotmail as default email client in only in Windows 7 & IE8, but this workaround should work for Vista just as well. i don't use Firefox, but i'm pretty sure this can be done with FF as well if you change the value data of the default key accordingly (FF may require %s instead of %1 at the end):
of course you will have to associate FF with the MAILTO protocol.
note: as usual, you should backup the registry before making changes.
In Windows XP/IE8, navigate to Tools/Internet Options... | Programs Then select "Windows Live Mail" from the dropdown box next to Email.
I have not tried this in Windows 7 or Vista.


text:
Mortal Kombat X game play has been revealed. The game does look beautiful with its interactive environments. One moment shows Scorpion grabbing a branch and doing a sort of flip kick from it making contact with Sub-Zero. While the game looks fun, I cannot help that it reminds of Mortal Kombat 9. It has the X-ray moves while they tend to make you cringe, its not new. Blood of course is excessive as in all MK games. It shows some new characters in the game play reveal but none that grab my eye. While we should look forward to this latest installment of the MK series, do not get so hyped up as the next big thing among fighting games or of the MK series. I feel that I will be disappointed when it is released but I have been wrong before. I still hold out hope that MK X will captivate and hold my attention for more than a few weeks.
This is just my opinion. Watch it and form your own. As we all know that seeing a game in action and playing one are two entirely different things.
Watch the trailer here at IGN.com:


text:
You know all that talk in the past about the BYU Cougars being a threat to reach the Sweet 16? Well, that's not what the national media is saying now.
ESPN released its first look at every team in the NCAA Tournament on Monday, March 17 -- and BYU was the first high-major team it said would "bow out."
Labeled a "high-major meh," your Worldwide Leader In Sports said the Cougars do have high-scoring guard Tyler Haws -- "but that's about it." They also ranked BYU the 47th most likely team out of 68 to win the national championship.
CBSSports.com took the madness one step further, labeling the Cougars a "surprise" that they even made the field of 68 -- suspecting instead that BYU was "thought to be one of the last teams in or out."
That said, if you're a BYU fan you have to like the Cougars reaction to making it back into the NCAA Tournament after missing out last year -- classic and unexpected, to say the least.
So for all the naysayers who say BYU isn't good enough to be at the Big Dance, there are plenty of reasons a 23-11 team should be included -- and given a No. 10 seed.
The chance to play Oregon again this week -- a team it lost to in a 100-96 overtime classic this season -- is yet another reason that despite the loss of forward Kyle Collinsworth, you should tune in and watch March Madness unfold.
Suggested Links
- BYU basketball: Cougars next opponent San Francisco talking big before WCC semi
- BYU basketball: Why Jimmer Fredette should go pro right now
- BYU basketball: Cougars slip past Loyola Marymount in WCC quarters
- March Madness; Pick 'em crazy
- March Madness? Kentucky's arrival should stir up interest in New Orleans subregional


text:
To borrow from Lou Gehrig, I consider myself the luckiest guy on the face of the earth for having been born and raised in Brooklyn. I didn't know it at the time, but I sure do now. "Brooklyn Memories" shares this experience in photographs taken in 2009 on a visit to see family for the first time in forty years. My cousin David graciously took me to old haunts all over Brooklyn. We saw a lot of places in a short time. Our trips are captured in thirty-five vibrant and gritty photographs of iconic Brooklyn landmarks and neighborhoods. "Brooklyn Memories" will interest many New York (and east coast) expatriates; and readers who have read Brooklyn lore, but never visited the borough. Many of the subjects photographed have been seriously harmed by Hurricane Sandy. Some are completely gone, and may be "memories" forever.
Irv Lefberg, December 2012
Irv Lefberg was born and raised in Brooklyn in the 1950s. He has been doing wildlife and landscape photography for over thirty years. Irv has had over 60 photographs exhibited at Photographic Society of America competitions, winning a medal for "originality," and other awards. After obtaining a Ph.D at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Irv moved to Seattle, where he taught at the University of Washington. He later served as senior economist, forecaster, and policy analyst for five Washington State Governors. Since relocating from Seattle to Escondido in 2010, Irv has exhibited at the Escondido Municipal Arts Gallery, the San Diego County Fair, Gallery 21 in Balboa Park, Calumet Photographic Gallery, and the Gotthelf Gallery in LaJolla. During 2013, his Brooklyn landscapes and bird photography were featured in two solo exhibitions. His "Jeremiah Frog" was accepted in an international "Best of Nature" competition and shown at the San Diego Natural History in 2014.
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The Spreckels Theatre - FOR SALE BY INVITE ONLY Publicado 23 de octubre de 2014
Monterey ReUnion Publicado 01 de julio de 2014
Sedona Fine Art Landscapes Publicado 13 de enero de 2014
Celebrating Escondido Publicado 17 de junio de 2013
Birds of the Spirit Publicado 11 de junio de 2013
Brooklyn Memories Publicado 18 de enero de 2013


text:
is a doctoral candidate in organizational behavioral and human resource management at the Robert H. Smith School of Business at the University of Maryland. She will join the faculty of the University of Minnesota's Carlson School of Management in July of 2014. (Click here for CV)
Ph.D., Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Expected May 2014
B.A., Psychology, Spanish Language & Literature, 2005


text:
Rihanna makes her Fashion Week debut, Tom Ford shocks with a rainbow of prints — and more things we can't stop thinking about after the London shows.
Antonio Berardi's Studded Hosiery
Talk about killer legs.
We Heart Burberry Prorsum
The classic trench gets a makeover and it's sure to be a hot ticket item come fall.
J.W. Anderson's Manipulated Leather
Versus' new creative director showed off a talent for fabric manipulations with ruched leather.
Mary Katrantzou's Ingenuity
Katrantzou dazzled with nature-inspired photo prints and new shapes.
L'Wren Scott's Gold Mine
L'Wren Scott weaves 23-karat gold leaf into dresses and shoes.
Moschino Cheap & Chic Gets Serious
Who knew you could look so serious when wearing kooky shades and black lipstick?
Fall Palette Redefined
Designers, including Paul Smith, Pringle of Scotland and Roksanda Ilincic, abandon traditional autumnal palettes.
Rihanna Bombs
Rihanna debuts her collection for British fashion brand River Island to mostly unfavorable reviews.
Image: NY Daily News
Tom Ford Disappoints
Tom Ford ODs on color, embroidery and prints.
A Memorable Final Bow
The most memorable outfit to be worn by any designer for their final walk in London had to be Vivienne Westwood.
Images: IMAXtree


text:
Cascade Canister Filter for Aquariums
|Penn Plax Cascade Canister Filters provide crystal clear water for fresh and marine aquariums. Filter media is included free with each canister filter so you can start getting clean, clear, healthy water right away. External fish tank canister filter Removes contaminants for crystal clear water For fresh & saltwater aquariums This heavy-duty external filter delivers powerful mechanical, chemical, and biological filtration for crystal clear water in fresh or marine aquariums. The Floss Pad removes fine particulate matter while the activated carbon media removes toxins and impurities. The Coarse Sponge provides abundant surface for promoting bacterial growth to remove harmful ammonia and nitrates. All applicable tubing is included with this filter. Additional Features: 3 year manufacturer warranty Flow rate control cut-off valves & Hose Clamps Quick, easy push-button self-primer. Easy lift alignment clamps, release vacuum suction. Two independent directional 360° rotating valve clamps. Sturdy tip-proof base (permanently mounted rubber feet). Extra-large capacity stackable filter medium containers with lift-up handles.


text:
Zend Framework 2.1.4, 2.0.8, and 1.12.3 Released!
The Zend Framework community is pleased to announce the immediate availability of three new releases: 2.1.4, 2.0.8, and 1.12.3! Packages and installation instructions are available at:
The ZF2 releases include three security updates, and all ZF versions also include updates to the Twitter component to follow the Twitter v1.1 API, which is not backwards compatible with previous versions.
Security Fixes
2.1.4 and 2.0.8 contain three security fixes.
Query Route
We were alerted to the fact that the Query route could override parameters matched in parent routes, effectively bypassing constraints defined. In particular, this could result in overriding the controller or action matched by a given route.
The query route was deprecated, as a replacement exists within the HTTP router itself. You can pass a "query" option to the assemble method containing either the query string or an array of key-value pairs:
$url = $router->assemble(array(
'name' => 'foo',
), array(
'query' => array(
'page' => 3,
'sort' => 'DESC',
// or: 'query' => 'page=3&sort=DESC'
// via URL helper/plugin:
$rendererOrController->url('foo', array(), array('query' => $request->getQuery()));
Additionally, the merging of query parameters into the route match was removed entirely. Please use the query container of the request object instead.
For more information on the security vector, please see ZF2013-01.
Random Number Generation
Zend\Math\Rand component generates random bytes using the OpenSSL
or Mcrypt extensions when available but will otherwise use PHP's
mt_rand() function as a fallback. All outputs from
mt_rand() are
predictable for the same PHP process if an attacker can brute force
the seed - which can be done if the attacker has access to a random number
generated by `mt_rand` or the session ID (if generated without using additional
Zend Framework have revised the
Zend\Math\Rand component to replace the
mt_rand() fallback for OpenSSL/Mcrypt with Anthony Ferrara's
RandomLib, incorporating an additional
entropy source based on source code published by George Argyros. The new
fallback collects entropy from numerous sources other than PHP's internal seed
mechanism and extracts random bytes from the resulting mixed entropy pool.
For more information on this security vector, please see ZF2013-02.
Database Platform Quoting
Zend\Db to throw notices when insecure usage of the
following methods is called:
Zend\Db Platform objects to use driver level quoting when provided, and
E_USER_NOTICE when not provided. Added
quoteTrustedValue() API for
notice-free value quoting. Fixed all userland quoting in Platform objects to
handle a wider array of escapable characters.
For more information on this security vector, please see ZF2013-03.
Twitter API Updates
Twitter has begun sunsetting its v1.0 API, and has introduced rolling blackouts in order to prompt developers to move to the v1.1 API. Unfortunately, v1.1 is not backwards compatible with v1.0, so a number of backwards-breaking changes need to be made.
Version 2.1.0 of ZendService_Twitter and version 1.12.3 of Zend Framework have been released with support for v1.1 of the Twitter API. A number of service endpoints were removed, and others moved to new namespaces. As such, if you use the component, you are urged to upgrade, and we encourage you to read the documentation to see what methods are now available, and how to use OAuth access tokens with the service.
Polyfill Support Fixes
Polyfills (version-specific class replacements) have caused some issues in
the 2.1 series for users of
Zend\Stdlib and
Zend\Session. In particular, users who were not using Composer
were unaware/uncertain about what extra files needed to be included to load
polyfills, and those users who were generating classmaps were running into
issues since the same class was being generated twice.
New polyfill support was created which does the following:
- New, uniquely named classes were created for each polyfill base.
- A stub class file was created for each class needing polyfill support.
A conditional is present in each that uses
class_aliasto alias the appropriate polyfill base as an import. The stub class then extends the base.
- The
compatibility/autoload.phpfile in each component affected was altered to trigger an
E_USER_DEPRECATEDerror asking the user to remove the require statement for the file.
The functionality works with both Composer and ZF2's autoloading support, using either PSR-0 or classmaps. All typehinting is preserved.
Below are links to the changelogs for each version.
Thank You!
I'd like to thank our main contributors to this release. In particular, Pádraic Brady and Enrico Zimuel for researching and implementing the Random Number Generator vulnerability and fixes; Ben Scholzen for implementing fixes for the Query route; Ralph Schindler, for his fixes for the database platform quoting vulnerabilities; and Mike Willbanks, for continuing to work on solutions for session storage and timing issues.
Maintenance releases happen monthly on the third Wednesday; expect version 2.1.5 to drop 17 April 2013. We're also gearing up for version 2.2.0, which we are targetting at the end of April 2013/early May.


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A popular website featured a story on March 31, 2014; QWERTY Must Die: Welcome to the Future of Typing. With the rapid rise of mobile devices, namely phones, perhaps QWERTY input is cumbersome and begs for a different input solution. For all other devices, including tablets, there is no more efficient way to input text than the traditional keyboard. Should anyone read this article and take it to an illogical extreme, the death of the QWERTY keyboard is far away. To quote Mark Twain, the rumors of [QWERTY] death have been greatly exaggerated.
In education, the use of PCs, laptops, and tablets are the devices of the day. One could argue for tablets vs. laptops, depending on the learning needs. But the overarching need for keyboard input is undiminished no matter the device type. Some would suggest that keyboards on tablets are not necessary because of touch screens, but that is a misconception. The ability to create content requiring significant amounts of text requires a physical keyboard. Typing on an LCD keyboard is simply a slower and more cumbersome experience, even with the swiping keyboards. The text input speed of touch typing far surpasses any other option available today. For limited amounts of text input, the LCD and swiping keyboards work just fine, but the usefulness quickly diminishes as the workload increases.
Schools are finding out that tablets are often limiting without a keyboard attachment. Recently, the Los Angeles Unified School District discovered after rolling out a significant number of iPads, keyboards were required to use the intended software. That should not have been a surprise, but indeed was. It is becoming a common misconception that touch replaces the need for touch typing input. Different tasks and software require different methods of input.
The need for keyboarding extends beyond just the obvious for word processing. However, word processing, or more aptly stated, writing papers, surely requires the use of a keyboard. At primary levels of education, touch screens might be sufficient to match the curriculum needs, but as students' progress to secondary levels and into higher education, the keyboard is a required tool, and touch typing a necessary skill.
One of the most interesting things in education is that students are put in front of computers at a very early age, yet the skills to efficiently create content are often ignored. Yes, this means touch typing skills. Schools are challenged by only so much time for instruction, but it is short sighted to ignore touch typing instruction. Touch typing skills extend far beyond just the efficiency. There is a significant correlation between writing quality and touch typing speeds. Writing quality generally improves when writing with a word processor, but only when typing speed exceeds handwriting speed. Students that touch type faster are more likely to edit and create more revisions. Writing and content creation is an iterative process, and the efficiency of input is an important tenet. The average hand writing speed differs among age groups, but 12-15 words per minute is about the range at secondary levels of education and above.
When schools require students the use word processors, it is curious why there is so little focus on developing a skill that will have lasting educational benefits throughout a student's academic life. The misconception that typing is not a very important skill, or not necessary, impedes the educational value of computing. Schools need to require touch typing skills from the initial implementation of computer technology. One might be interested to know that a study in 1932 (Wood and Freeman) demonstrated that 2nd grade students were able to type as fast as 70 words per minute, on manual typewriters! The myth that one can type well enough using the two-finger hunt and peck method is problematic and unnecessarily limiting. It is perfectly reasonable to expect students to achieve typing speeds of at least 30 wpm. That doubles handwriting speed, and likely will result in better quality writing and increased academic performance.
Why so many schools continue to make touch typing optional is not a mystery. The lack of qualified teachers is one, but software can easily ameliorate any knowledge deficit. There are scores are excellent software programs to teach touch typing.
It comes down to the understanding of the value of the skill. Learning achievement is correlated to typing/keyboarding skill. Let's not get caught up in the mobile hype and make an illogical assumption that QWERTY is dead. It's more alive than ever before.
Not only will QWERTY live on, but the computer is not going the way of the dodo, as the March 31 article suggested. The author unilaterally declared that "…traditional PCs are increasingly going the way of the dodo—and so are the keyboards that control them." This is terribly short sighted and hyperbole. While mobile devices continue to evolve, it is not axiomatic that PCs dissipate completely in favor of mobile devices. For some mobile devices such as the tablet, the keyboard remains an important productivity tool.
There is a place and use for every type of device, and it is not a zero sum game. Keyboards and QWERTY will remain a primary method of input for many devices used in education, including tablets.


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6 comments
he's not a weirdo!
May 14th
weirdo below
May 8th
lol love pannel six
May 1st
May 1st
*steps on, then sends hurd of elephants to stomple over*
May 1st
Watch out ther magical horswe might come over from rainbow world and use his lazar beam to x-ray you.
May 1st


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Go back to Flash Reviews
Go Home
By Chris Dohse
Copyright 2003 Chris Dohse
NEW YORK -- Watching
Mollie O'Brien's recent program at Joyce Soho makes me think that
when Doris Humphrey codified the craft of choreography (in 1959's
"The Art of Making Dances," she lists design, dynamics, rhythm,
motivation and gesture, words, music, sets and props, and form)
she ignored the important fact that a dancer is more than a sculptural
form in space, but a person, with a person's attendant frailty and
possibility of emotional context, affect, and behavior. In her work,
O'Brien (like several others in recent concerts: RoseAnne Spradlin,
Fiona Marcotty, Aviva Geismar) unfetters an ephemeral emotional
(NOT emotive, which might be more in line with Humphrey's "motivation")
presence in a truer way than many of her contemporaries, allowing
nuance of the emotional moment to be a choreographic element.
"Swimming Lessons,"
a solo for O'Brien, showcases her long limbs, articulate torso,
and mysterious, separately intentioned fingers, in a beautiful layered
dress by Naoka Nagata. O'Brien allows each of her thoughts the time
it needs to be fully stated, swimming through space and personal
history, but in no stroke that you can recognize exactly. For example,
a sideways-careening crustacean port de bras above complex footwork,
tango-like. Severn Clay creates an underwater effect by cleverly
lighting two vents high up on one wall until they shine. O'Brien
establishes an uncanny balance between human presence and dancerly,
technique-based loveliness.
"Triptych" contains
three episodes from an evolving (or perhaps unraveling) relationship,
the movement in perfectly balanced interaction with sound (Shawn
Onsgard plays live from the side of the space) and lights (Clay
again) to create an entire world. Sci-fi and mod at the same time,
Clay's projected light transforms Joyce Soho's monolithic back wall
into a sectioned trompe l'oeil. A sequence of overlaid colored squares
permutes the color wheel for a lighting effect I've not seen anything
quite like before.
In part one ("Faster
Than Dark"), the two equally compelling performers (Jennifer Dignan
and Gina Jacobs) dance with a unique sense of rhythm in phrasework
and occasional playful partnering while Onsgard's soundscore pops
and buzzes. But more noticeably, they parade a sequence of inexplicable
affect. I think they mouthed repeatedly, "Fuck you!" at one point.
They're not in unison but they're in synch, two bees caught in the
wrong hive. Perhaps their hair is pulled back too tight? These two
are completely unlike O'Brien in body (compact, pelvic floor squarely
connected to the earth) but remarkably capture her same uncanny
aforementioned balance. Where O'Brien seems a shy, languorous presence,
these two are not at all afraid to be looked at; they're wired,
alert. One seems to be angry most of the time, stalwart, a pigtailed
droid, while the other worries a lot.
Part two ("Crushed Raspberries")
spins out phrases that start with recognizable dancerly values but
devolve and dissipate into stutters and tics, just as Onsgard's
tuneful plunking stumbles around itself. Dignan and Jacobs examine
each other's intimate nooks and crannies after attacking each other
with smooches, then try to climb into each other.
Part three ("Summoning
the Delicate") looks at first like it needs pruning during an episode
of floor roly-poly. Then the two lovers/playmates/enemies stand
and offer a perfect ending. There's no resolution to their struggle,
more like a sense of "to be continued" where two fighters pause
at a point of equilibrium, exhausted for the moment and leaning
on each other to keep themselves from falling.
Dancer and choreographer Chris Dohse is The Dance Insider's senior
critic. To read more Dance Insider Flash Reviews by Chris Dohse,
click on the search engine button on our Home page, then enter "Chris
Dohse" in the search engine window.
Go back to Flash Reviews
Go Home


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UAMS Emergency Notification System Roster User Instructions
Thank you for taking time to set up and verify your Emergency Notification System contact information. Use of the system is very intuitive, but reviewing the topics on the side panel will ensure your success.
One very important step is to always SAVE before leaving a web page or any changes made will be lost.


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Dell wins prestigious sustainability award, unveils carbon-negative packaging plan
- Date
- 28 May 2014
NEW YORK: Global IT giant, Dell, has been named the winner of the prestigious "Vision for America" award for its sustainability leadership.
This national prize is awarded by nonprofit Keep America Beautiful, and recognizes a US company which has driven positive change across American communities.
The American honor has placed the spotlight on the IT corporation which has demonstrated a strong commitment to environmental issues, including tackling climate change by reducing emissions.
Dell's 2020 Legacy of Good Plan outlines how the company can operate in a more sustainable, environmentally friendly way and sets out 21 ambitious goals which have become key reference points for the business' global operations. One of the most important of these is the 10x20 Goal which seeks to generate 10 times more benefit through Dell technology than it takes to make and use it.
In fact the national award announcement was closely followed by the unveiling of Dell's new sustainability efforts which have the potential to significantly further its Legacy for Good aspirations.
This fall, Dell will be the first in the IT industry to introduce carbon-negative packaging, AirCarbon, through collaboration with Newlight Technologies, it was revealed.
In contrast to most plastics which are made from fossil fuels, AirCarbon is made from captured methane and actually sequesters more carbon that it produces.
While Dell is currently only using the packaging in the US, the company hopes to roll out this innovative packaging to global operations, and possibly to product manufacturing once the pilot scheme is complete.
In addition to carbon-negative packaging, Dell is keen to progress the circular economy for IT and has disclosed a new project which will turn plastics from recycled electronics back into new systems. The company's new closed-loop supply chain, which is the product of a partnership with Wistron GreenTech, will reduce e-waste considerably. Closed loop recycling will also cut carbon emissions by 11% when introduced in June, the IT leader has stated.
During the 2013 financial year Dell also achieved its 2008 goal of recycling more than 1 billion pounds of electronics, approximately the equivalent of 46 million standard desktops.
Similarly, by utilizing materials such as bamboo, mushroom and wheat straw for packaging, more than 58% (by volume) of the computer manufacturer's packaging is recyclable or compostable. Furthermore, Dell has pledged that 100% of its packaging materials will be recyclable by 2020.
In light of the award, Michael Dell, Founder and CEO of Dell, shared his delight that the company's work was being acknowledged, but emphasized there is a lot more to do.
"It's an honor to be recognized for our long-standing commitment to our planet and the communities we call home—but we're really just getting started," the CEO remarked. "We are finding new and better ways to do business that protect and benefit the world and, even more important, enable our customers to do the same."
Amy Davidsen, Executive Director, The Climate Group North America, praised the pioneering company, stating: "We are extremely proud of our member Dell's Legacy of Good Plan. It is another example of Michael Dell's leadership and innovation in the IT sector – paving the way for a better, cleaner, low carbon future for all."
Graphic courtesy of Dell
Related news
BT and Dell lead the way on emissions disclosure
23 winning solutions announced that have potential to transform our cities
World's most innovative companies are thinking sustainably: top 50
By Alana Ryan


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Welcome to the University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS) website.
For prospective undergraduate and graduate students, this website provides information about the many exciting opportunities for students at the UTIAS. UTIAS offers a comprehensive program in aerospace science and engineering to both undergraduate and graduate students. Undergraduate students take the Aerospace Option in the Engineering Science Division of the Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering. It is important for high school students to understand that in order to study aerospace as an undergraduate student at the University of Toronto one must apply to the Engineering Science program. Even though aerospace does not appear as an entry level program, we do offer an undergraduate program in aerospace of the highest calibre! At the graduate level, we offer research-intensive programs leading to M.A.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees as well as a professionally-oriented program leading to the M.Eng. degree. Applications from talented students are always welcome. Complete application instructions are available on this website. Prospective M.A.Sc. and Ph.D. students are encouraged to peruse the website to learn more about our research. Feel free to contact individual Professors for information about research projects. Our M.Eng program can be completed full or part time. For full-time students, the degree requirements can be fulfilled in one year. UTIAS is widely recognized, both nationally and internationally, for the high quality of its research and teaching.
For the broader community, including industry, government, academic collaborators, and alumni, this website provides evidence that UTIAS remains firmly committed to its objective that Ontario, Canada, and the global community will benefit scientifically, socially, and economically from advances in research and education in aerospace science and engineering at UTIAS. It is our mission to pursue nationally and internationally recognized excellence in the education of students for research and leadership positions, to discover and disseminate new knowledge through research and scholarship, and to apply this knowledge to the benefit of society. Both our undergraduate aerospace program, the Aerospace Option of Engineering Science, and our graduate programs (M.Eng., M.A.Sc., and Ph.D.) continue to attract and educate many of the best and brightest from Canada and abroad. I am confident that all of our programs offer first-rate education, research, and overall student experience. Our graduates are in high demand for a variety of senior positions and consistently perform well in the most demanding environments. Over the past six years, we have hired eight outstanding new professors, enabling us to pursue several exciting new research directions. In particular, we have formed centres of excellence in combustion, robotic systems, and environmentally sustainable aviation, including substantial partnerships with the Canadian aerospace industry. If you have questions that are not answered by the UTIAS website, please feel free to contact me by email or telephone.
I am pleased that so many alumni of all of our programs have joined our alumni registry, which has become a site of regular job postings and other news. Please try to attend our annual Alumni-Industry-Student Dinner Event. Recent speakers at the event have included Marc Garneau, Bob Liebeck, Julie Payette, and Fred Haise. Please check our web site regularly for information about this annual event.
I encourage visits from high schools, and we regularly host tours for high school students. Please contact Nora Burnett at 416-667-7712 if you wish to set up a tour for your school.
UTIAS is widely recognized as a unique national centre of academic excellence in aerospace science and engineering with a long history of significant contributions to undergraduate and graduate education, basic research, and aerospace technology. We are committed to playing our part in contributing to the aerospace community in Canada and abroad through excellence in research, education, and innovation. If you think you can help us with our mission, I will be happy to hear from you.
David Zingg, Professor and Director
P.S. As I write this, the 2012 Shanghai Jao Tong University academic ranking of world universities is hot off the press. In Engineering/Technology and Computer Sciences, the University of Toronto ranks 19th, second only to Cambridge among non-US universities. No other Canadian university is ranked in the top 50.


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The new film from director E. L. Katz Cheap Thrills has announced that you may be able to see it sooner than later. While my review for the film won't be up until next week a bit of news came out yesterday for it's released. Set to debut in theaters and VOD outlets March 21st, it looks like the guys over at Movies On Demand are releasing it early to their on demand sources. That means Time Warner Cable, Comcast, Cox Communications and Bright House Networks will all premiere Cheap Thrills on February the 21st. That's pretty exciting news considering thats 30 days ahead of schedule. To add to it some new artwork and character posters have also been created for the release and I have them for you here!
Cheap Thrills stars Pat Healy (Compliance) as a Craig who has lost his job and is also about to get evicted. He runs into an old friend Ethan Embry (Empire Records) and the two of them become involved in a sadistic game put on by a stranger (David Koechner) and his even stranger wife (Sara Paxton). The limits are tested as we find out how far someone would go for money. I can't wait to share my views with you on this movie but for now enjoy the awesome posters!


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cinderellas.info What are Cinderellas? Expanding the Definition Poster Stamps Stamps or Labels ? Airmail Etiquettes Atlantis Auditor's Duck Stamp Australasian New Hebrides Co. Brunei Caldey Island Catalan Separatist Stamps Delandre Vignettes EKKO Stamps France - Boulanger Fantasies Hotel Sherman Stamps Mexico's Madero Issue Newfoundland ''Essay'' Robert Burns Topical Revenues UNESCO Gift Stamps Welsh Patagonia WWII Free Franks
We're often asked the question, "What are Cinderellas?" You may
remember the fairy tale about Cinderella, the stepchild that everyone pushed aside.
"Cinderellas" is the nickname given to the stepchildren of stamp collecting, all
those stamps and things that no one can find in Scott's catalog, and that no one knows
what to do with. We've spent quite a few years bringing Cinderellas to philately's
ball and guess what some folks are discovering ? What one collector thought was junk is
just the specialty item that another collector has been hunting for years. Does all this
sound familiar ? Simply put, if it looks like a stamp, or feels like a stamp and it's not
listed in Scott's catalog then it's probably a Cinderella.
While that's a starting point, there's certainly a lot more to be said. A few years
back we began to document what we could through a series of monthly columns. These are now
being republished here. Some of the material discussed includes:
This page was last updated September 16, 2006
Copyright © 1997-2007 by Rigastamps.
All rights reserved
Rigastamps Web Store eBay Items About Us
Contact Us


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SEATTLE - Once again, the Husky volleyball team is in sync with the Husky football team, as both squads are heading for Illinois this weekend, with the sixth-ranked volleyball team set to face its first ranked opponent of the season on Friday in 14th-ranked Illinois. Washington (4-0) will have a day off Saturday and will travel to Chicago to take in the UW-Illinois battle on the gridiron, before finishing the trip on Sunday with a match against Loyola Chicago.
Two weeks ago the Huskies started their season with a win over Boise State, one day before the football team opened its season with its own win against BSU.
The match in Illinois will be part of the Illini Classic, which also features defending NCAA Champion and No. 2-ranked Texas, Arizona State, and Youngstown State. Illinois has targeted its match against the Huskies for its annual "Stuff Huff" promotion, looking to bring one of its largest crowds of the season to Huff Hall. Illinois is 7-0 in its previous Stuff Huff nights. The Fighting Illini started the year unranked, but has already played four ranked teams, winning three, to jump into the rankings. Illinois defeated then-No. 18 Florida State, then-No. 17 Kentucky, and then-No. 11 Iowa State, and has lost to Long Beach State and then-No. 14 San Diego. Illinois was the 2011 NCAA runner-up.
Loyola Chicago is in the Missouri Valley Conference and returns all but one starter from a team that went 17-12 last year. The Ramblers are 5-2 so far this season and won the East Carolina Invitational last week.
The Huskies are coming off a pair of wins over the Canadian National Team in exhibition matches played last week at KeyArena and at Alaska Airlines Arena. In both matches, the Huskies came out on top in four sets. Senior Jenna Orlandini was named the Pac-12 Defensive Player of the Week after she had 49 digs over the two matches against Team Canada. Krista Vansant had 15 kills in each match to lead the Dawgs, and Kylin Muñoz added 20 kills against just one error.


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Is Reality TV Making Girls Mean?
Full of catfights and backstabbing, reality TV shows use personal drama to draw in viewers. But does this kind of programming have a "Mean Girls" effect on our daughters? According to the Girl Scouts, it just might.
After polling over a thousand tween and teen girls, the Girl Scout Research Institute found that a majority of the girls think that reality show programs "reflect reality" and are "mainly real and unscripted."
What impact does that belief have? A majority of respondents who regularly watch reality programming believe that gossiping, being catty, competing with girls and not trusting other females is and should be expected to be a part of their daily lives. Girls who didn't watch reality programming were less likely to hold those views, the Scouts found.
Heavy reality show watchers "are more focused on the value of physical appearance," the Girl Scouts said, adding that 72 percent of those girls spent "a lot of time" on their appearance (as opposed to 42 percent of non-reality show viewers) and 38 percent said a girl's value is based on her appearance (compared to 28 percent of non-viewers).
"Our research indicates that regular reality TV viewers emphasize being mean and/or lying to get ahead," the Scouts' study said. "A higher percentage of these girls, as compared to their non-viewing counterparts claim that . . . 'Being mean earns you more respect than being nice.'"
What do you think? Does reality programming impact the way you view the world?


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Kishore Da
2 Kishore Da Articles
Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 6: Mantra to perform on Kishore Kumar's songs3 years ago 0
Yes, that's how the handsome lad will pay his tribute to the legendary singer-actor Kishore Da in the dance reality show Mantra, who is known for… Read Article ▶
Happy Birthday, Kishore da!5 years ago 15
"Who said I'm crazy. The world is crazy; not me." - Kishore Kumar Today is the 82nd birth anniversary of… Read Article ▶


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'Six Wrongs' Is Spot On
Vincent Wales
From: "Vince"
To: "Positive Atheism Magazine"
Subject: Re: Six Wrongs Don't Make a Right (Free to Redistribute)
Date: September 30, 2001 8:36 PM
A friend of mine forwarded me the spam mentioned in your "Six Wrongs" piece, and it was well before the September 21 date you mentioned. I deleted the message, so I don't have an actual date to give you, but I swear it was no later than the 17th.
Anyway, your response to it was spot on, and virtually identical (in idea, not text) to the one I voiced in my reply to her. (Note, she was not perpetrating it, she hated it as much as you and I do.)
Keep on keepin' on --
~ Wish You Were Here ~
You've never read fantasy like this before.
"If you're not outraged, you're not paying attention."
Cardigan's Corner of the Web
Outraging the Internet public since 1996.
Material by Cliff Walker (including unsigned editorial commentary) is copyright ©1995-2008 by Cliff Walker. Each submission is copyrighted by its writer, who retains control of the work except that by submitting it to Positive Atheism, permission has been granted to use the material or an edited version: (1) on the Positive Atheism web site; (2) in Positive Atheism Magazine; (3) in subsequent works controlled by Cliff Walker or Positive Atheism Magazine (including published or posted compilations). Excerpts not exceeding 500 words are allowed provided the proper copyright notice is affixed. Other use requires permission; Positive Atheism will work to protect the rights of all who submit their writings to us.