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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation TMS
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive, FDA approved therapy for treatment resistant depression that has not responded to antidepressant medication. It is also useful when medications are poorly tolerated.
The treatment uses rapidly changing magnetic fields to generate electrical currents in areas of the brain involved in mood. These currents are thought to improve the function of nerve cells and improve the ways in which these cells connect with each other, thus countering the abnormalities believed to occur in the brain function of people with depression.
Our group includes faculty who were among the first to participate in large scale studies of rTMS and our approach combines an emphasis on evidence based medicine with the a rational approach to off label treatments both on a clinical basis and in ongoing research studies.
We use the FDA approved Neurostar System.
Finances: Patients pay directly for treatment. Insurance sometimes provides partial reimbursement, which we will help to obtain if it is available.
To learn if TMS might be helpful to you, call us to arrange an evaluation at 646-774-8077.
Daniel C. Javitt, MD, PhD
-Professor of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons
-Director, Division of Experimental Therapeutics,
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
-Director, Schizophrenia Research,
Nathan Kline Institue for Psychiatric Research


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REISA is the officially recognized student organization established by the NYU Schack Institute of Real Estate, which operates under the School of Continuing and Professional Studies (SCPS). Our membership is comprised of all graduate and certificate-level students currently enrolled in the Real Estate and Construction Management programs.
Our mission includes:
* Representing the interests of the student population
* Enhancing the effectiveness of the educational process
* Providing opportunities for professional growth
* Improving the quality of academic life at the Schack Institute
* Participating in service activities that enhance the community
To achieve our mission we are committed to:
* Providing dedicated leadership, vision and motivation for our members
* Encouraging the active participation by all our members and promoting fellowship
* Sharing information and educational resources specific to the real estate profession
* Conducting extracurricular activities that enhance knowledge gained in the classroom
Our activities will include:
* Organizing lectures and presentations involving prominent industry leaders
* Sponsoring events that enhance our members' professional knowledge and competence
* Promoting social interaction between our students, alumni, faculty and administrators
* Conducting tours of major properties within the New York metropolitan area
* Participating in university-wide events that further our members' educational goals
* Cooperating with other organizations with similar interests and purposes

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The BBC reported today that Beijing police have arrested and detained well-known Hong Kong kungfu movie star Jackie Chan's 31-year-old son, Jaycee Chan, for possession and use of marijuana. According to Chinese police more than 100 grams of weed were confiscated from Jaycee's home, and he may be facing criminal charges, possibly execution.
Like father like son, Jaycee is also an actor, and is best known for his roles in "Mulan," and "2 Young." If the investigation finds he had been dealing drugs he could face execution. China has rules so strict they have executed former convicted drug dealers. According to China's drug policies the country has zero tolerance for any drug offense.
In 2009, China executed British women, Akmal Shaikh, after she was found guilty for smuggling in heroin. If you think United States citizens' drug charges are unjust in America, maybe those thoughts might be reconsidered knowing countries like: China, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, and Saudi Arabia enforce inhumane punishments, sometimes death to convicted drug users and dealers.
As for Jackie Chan's son being held for drug charges in China, he isn't alone. Unfortunately, a co-actor, and possibly two assistants that are known to hang out with Jaycee were also arrested. The Daily Beast reports, that the "government anti-drug advisor said celebrities were being targeted by the Chinese government," because they hold so much influence over a large number of fans. Chinese media refers to celebrities who illicit drug use, even marijuana use in China is greatly frowned upon because it damages their society.
So far, reports indicate Jaycee may face up to three years in prison if convicted for possession and use. The Chinese police are so paranoid and amped to seek all avenues of possible drug users and dealers they even targeted management agencies because they believe Chinese celebrities have ignited the use of drugs. The BBC news, said his father has not made a public comment on the current arrest, and he is currently traveling to Beijing to support his son, Jaycee Chan, who has been detained for the possession and use of pot. If his son is convicted of drug dealing there is a possibility he could be executed. Let's hope not.


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The United States Senate made history on Tuesday by approving the nation's first openly gay black federal judge with a vote of 98-0. With the vote, Darrin Gayles became a district court judge in Florida and was one of three judges nominated by President Barack Obama to be approved on Tuesday.
By a vote of 52-44, senators also endorsed Staci Yandle as a federal court judge in Illinois. Yandle, who is an openly black woman, became one of 112 female federal judges appointed by Obama in his presidency. It is a feat that is more than any previous president. The diversity did not stop there. The Senate also voted to make Salvador Mendoza a federal district judge in Washington State by a vote of 92-4 bringing the total number of Hispanics nominated by Obama to 31.
Overall it was a "historic day for our judiciary" said Presidential counsel Neil Eggleston in a blog post. He marked these milestones as important "not because these judges will consider cases differently, but because a judiciary that better resembles our nation instills even greater confidence in our justice system."
Although about 900 top federal judges remain white men, there has been an increase in the number of judges who represent the diversity that is only growing throughout the nation, especially with the approval of Gayles, who was nominated after Sen. Marco Rubio blocked Obama's previous openly gay black nominee.
Gayle certainly has the resume for the position. He has served on the Florida Circuit Court since 2011 and before that he started his career by serving on the Miami-Dade County Court. A graduate from George Washington University School of Law, Gayle has drawn praise for his professionalism.
Equality Florida Executive Director Nadine Smith gave high accolades to the new federal judge. She said, "He is a dedicated professional. Whip smart. He's everything you'd want in a judge in terms of experience and temperament. It's a testament to his extraordinary qualifications and how far we've come as a society that racism and homophobia haven't been used to try to hold him back."


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RUPERT EVERETT asLord Arthur Goring
CATE BLANCHETT as
Lady Gertrude Chiltern
JEREMY NORTHAM asLord Robert Chiltern
JULIANNE MOORE as
Mrs. Laura Cheverly
MINNIE DRIVER as
Mabel Chiltern
Oliver Parker from the play byOscar Wilde
Dir. of Photography
David Johnson
Costume Design
Caroline Harris
images ©
1999 Miramax
c i n e m a
written 7.10.99You'll enjoy this if you liked:
anything with RupertNOMINATED Golden Globe - Comedy or Musical Best Actress: Julianne Moore Best Actor: Rupert Everett1 hr 36 min. Miramax.
"An Ideal Husband" boasts an impeccable pedigree: a fine cast headed by always-suave Rupert Everett, screenplay based on Oscar Wilde's play, dazzling 1890s costumes and a very timely
premise: a rising politician and the scheming woman who's got the goods on his scandalous past. All the ingredients for a delicious, effervescent stinging comedy of manners and mores in the
tradition of "Sense and Sensibility" but it's a lukewarm affair that never fulfills its promise. What a shame. Director Oliver Parker plods through his lolloping screenplay with all the
subtlety of an arthritic rhino, failing to create any sparks with a quite remarkable cast and scintillating story. His uneven screenplay is larded with scenes that are too long and meandering, and it
takes forever to set up the story. When things finally get rolling (greatly aided by Julianne Moore's vicious, eternally smiling Mrs. Cheverly) he wastes too much time letting Mabel (Minnie
Driver) flounce about making a lot of faces, and stiffly tries to set up atmosphere and character in a few very awkward scenes.
Gertude (Cate Blanchett, of 'Elizabeth') is
supposed to be a rising political star and very bullheaded, but we see no evidence of this except the end of a woman's rights meeting. Okaayy...... Even the strong presence of Jeremy Northam (from 'Emma' and 'The Net')
as Robert, teetering on the brink of ruin, fails to light a fire under this tale of political intrigue and drawing-room betrayals. Scenes lack both juice and meat!
Parker fails to realize that costume drama succeeds despite of, not because of, its pretty trappings. And they are pretty. All the gowns are dazzling, as is Rupert, who is called
upon to do very little except toss off a witty line and look charming, until the last third of the movie. Ah, he does look marvelous, especially in the steam-bath scene. Excellent costumes distill the essence of the late Victorian period, very good job expressing the character's personalities through their costumes (note Arthur's sleek and
flashy clothes, Mrs. Cheverly's sensual, daring gowns and Gertrude's sensible outfits). Interesting note: most of the jewelery is the real thing. Production design is cluttered but quite
good. Lighting is poor, with a few exceptions, and photography
is muddy and weak. More emphasis should have been placed on better indoor photography with such a handsome cast and strong production values. It's too murky, and one shouldn't have to strain to see expressions, in a light romantic comedy. ANY shot where Rupert appears to have eye-bags is very poorly done.
Despite a lackluster script and bad lighting, Rupert handles himself with the ease of a panther, tossing off witty quips with aplomb, yet successfully showing Lord Goring does have a good heart under
his determinedly louche existence. He's a fantastic comedian with fine timing, with the depth to communicate sufficient emotional complexity required to make us believe this dilettante would go
to ridiculous lengths to help his friend Robert and protect Gertrude's reputation. He has a number of very funny scenes, delivering his jabs with an insolent wit and droll delivery. It's too bad
such amusing scenes don't add up to a whole movie. Julianne Moore is terrifically hissable as the conniving Mrs. Cheverly (whose name is wonderfully mangled by Minnie Driver's spunky character).
The cast plays beautifully off each other, demonstrating a remarkably consistent chemistry between everyone. All the actors handle their lines, with very good attention to delivery, particularly
Moore as the dangerous outsider. Her purring, smiling Mrs. Cheverly is one part Catwoman, one part Linda Fiorentino's Bridget from 'The Last Seduction' and the remainder, a humorous spin on Glenn
Close's Madame Merteuil from 'Dangerous Liasions.'It's too bad the director wasn't better versed in the subtleties of drawing-room battle. Lackadaisical pace drains momentum and tension from
scenes that should jump off the screen. Result: very attractive actors doing a good job with decent lines and a movie that fizzles out. Costume work
is superb and should get a nod come Oscar time. A light trifle, worth renting for Rupert's steam room scene. WOW. Watch Martin Scorsese's masterful "The Age of Innocence" or the
icy "Dangerous Liasions" for well costumed, emotionally gripping tales of life-altering blackmail in genteel society.
ALL WRITING DESIGN MATERIAL and PHOTOS COPYRIGHT 1998-2000 TIGERBEETLE PRODUCTIONS unless otherwise noted. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.


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The authors would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and feedback on earlier drafts of this article. A previous version of this article was presented at the 17th Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology in Toronto, Canada in April 2002.
Version of Record online: 17 MAY 2007
DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00080.x
Personnel Psychology
Volume 60, Issue 2, pages 475–498, Summer 2007
Additional Information
How to Cite
LeBRETON, J. M., HARGIS, M. B., GRIEPENTROG, B., OSWALD, F. L. and PLOYHART, R. E. (2007), A MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH FOR EVALUATING VARIABLES IN ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE. Personnel Psychology, 60: 475–498. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00080.x
Publication History
- Issue online: 17 MAY 2007
- Version of Record online: 17 MAY 2007
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
One of the most difficult tasks facing industrial-organizational psychologists is evaluating the importance of variables, especially new variables, to be included in the prediction of some outcome. When multiple regression is used, common practices suggest evaluating the usefulness of new variables by showing incremental validity beyond the set of existing variables. This approach assures that the new variables are not statistically redundant with this existing set, but this approach attributes any shared criterion-related validity to the existing set of variables and none to the new variables. More importantly, incremental validity alone fails to answer the question directly about the importance of variables included in a regression model—arguably the more important statistical concern for practitioners. To that end, the current article reviews 2 indices of relative importance, general dominance weights and relative weights, which may be used to complement incremental validity evidence and permit organizational decision makers to make more precise and informed decisions concerning the usefulness of predictor variables. We illustrate our approach by reanalyzing the correlation matrices from 2 published studies.


text:
"Methods for staging non-small cell lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines." has been saved, and will be accessible from the My NGC page.
Go to My NGC
Alert me when this guideline summary is updated.
This is the current release of the guideline.
This guideline updates previous versions: Silvestri GA, Gould MK, Margolis ML, Tanoue LT, McCrory D, Toloza E, Detterbeck F, American College of Chest Physicians. Noninvasive staging of non-small cell lung cancer: ACCP evidenced-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest. 2007 Sep;132(3 Suppl):178S-201S.
Detterbeck FC, Jantz MA, Wallace M, Vansteenkiste J, Silvestri GA, American College of Chest Physicians. Invasive mediastinal staging of lung cancer: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest. 2007 Sep;132(3 Suppl):202S-20S.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
To inform the clinical decisions that must be jointly made by physicians and patients in developing diagnostic, treatment, and management plans so that they can enhance the benefits and reduce the harms associated with various options
Patients with known or suspected lung cancer
The authors updated a systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of different staging methods for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A more complete description of the methods can be found in the first edition of the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines. Briefly, computerized searches of MEDLINE covering January 1991 to May 2006 for the previous guidelines and January 2006 to June 2012 for this iteration were performed. In addition, the panel searched the reference lists of included studies, practice guidelines, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses to ensure that all relevant studies were identified. Only articles published in English were considered. The search strategy and results are available on request. The searches were structured around the following population, intervention, comparator, outcomes (PICO) questions (detailed in Table 1S in the supporting date [see the "Availability of Companion Documents" field]):
Selection Criteria
Titles and abstracts, and the full text of all articles passing the title-and-abstract screen, were evaluated independently by three of the authors for inclusion or exclusion based on the following five criteria: (1) publication in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) a study size of ≥20 patients (except for studies involving computed tomography [CT] scan evaluation of the mediastinum or mediastinoscopy, which required a study size of ≥50 patients); (3) patient group not included in a subsequent update of the study; (4) for noninvasive staging methods, histologic or cytologic confirmation of mediastinal nodes or extrathoracic sites in addition to the primary tumor; for invasive staging methods, confirmation of mediastinal nodal biopsy results by histology at the time of resection, or long-term clinical follow-up (≥1 year); and (5) availability of the raw data needed to calculate independently the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV), or the raw data needed to calculate the NPV of the clinical evaluation. Disagreements were resolved by consensus.
Not stated
The data abstraction was performed for patients suspected of having lung cancer (e.g., non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], small cell lung cancer [SCLC]). Where possible, patients suspected of a diagnosis other than lung cancer were excluded. A definite diagnosis of any lung cancer in the mediastinal tissues was considered positive, whereas other diagnoses (benign disease, lymphoma, and so forth) were coded as negative for lung cancer. Equivocal test results were considered negative. Data were abstracted and results were tabulated on a per-patient basis, not per lymph node station. Calculation of subtotal or total summary performance characteristics was accomplished by calculating median of the values (sensitivity, specificity, and other values) from each study; in other words, no weighting according to study size was performed. This method was chosen because of its simplicity. In this iteration of the guidelines, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the use of noninvasive staging tests with control and those making comparisons among invasive staging techniques are reported separately.
Various parameters, including sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV, can be used to assess the reliability of a test. Sensitivity is defined as the percentage of people with the disease who are detected by the test. (It is calculated as the number of true-positive [TP] results divided by the sum of TP and false-negative [FN] results). Specificity is defined as the percentage of people without the disease who were correctly labeled by the test as not having the disease. (It is calculated as the number of true-negative [TN] results divided by the sum of the TN and false-positive [FP] results.) Sensitivity and specificity are derived from patient populations in whom the true disease status is already known, who either all have or do not have the condition in question. These parameters provide data about how often the test will be positive or negative for these respective populations. Thus, these measures provide information about the test, because the disease status has already been determined in the patients. The PPV is defined as the likelihood that a patient with a positive test result actually has the disease. It is calculated as the number of TP results divided by the sum of the TP and FP results. The NPV is defined as the likelihood that a patient with a negative test result really does not have the disease. It is calculated as the number of TN results divided by the sum of the TN and FN results. Thus, these measures provide information about the disease. Both the PPV and the NPV vary with the prevalence of disease, which is the frequency of disease in the population, and they are calculated as the number of patients with either a TP or an FN result divided by the total number of patients. However, the impact of the prevalence on the NPV and the PPV is minor unless the prevalence is very high or low, respectively; therefore, the NPV (or PPV) from studies with >80% (or <20%) prevalence are excluded from summary calculations. All these parameters are reported where appropriate.
Assessment of Study Quality
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were assessed using Documentation and Appraisal Review Tool (DART) (R. L. Diekemper; B. K. Ireland, MD; and L. R. Merz, PhD, MPH, DART, unpublished data, 2012), which was developed as an improved alternative to the existing tools for use in a clinical setting. However, this tool has been adopted for use in American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines and consensus statements since 2011.
Quality was assessed for each study as well as for the body of relevant evidence. Based on the population, intervention, comparator, and outcome (PICO) questions and volume of available literature, multiple study designs were included in the systematic reviews of the literature. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) primarily indicate benefits, but whenever observational studies met inclusion criteria they were often helpful in identifying harms. Observational studies were also examined when RCTs were not available to answer a particular PICO question. Allowing for multiple study designs resulted in the need for multiple quality assessment tools. Tools were chosen for assessing RCTs, observational studies, and diagnostic studies. The quality assessment tool for RCTs (R. L. Diekemper, B. K. Ireland, and L. R. Merz, unpublished data, 2012) was used for assessing the quality of RCTs, and a tool developed by the committee of the ninth edition of the Antithrombotics Guidelines was used for assessing the quality of observational studies. Diagnostic studies were assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS).
If a recently published good-quality meta-analysis was available, then it was used to inform the recommendations. When a good-quality meta-analysis was not available, guideline authors were encouraged to perform their own meta-analyses. Meta-analyses were performed when the data were fairly homogeneous. If a study was deemed poor quality, then it was not included in the pooled analysis. Heterogeneity of the pooled results was assessed using a χ2 test and Higgins I2, and a forest plot was examined for consistency of the results. The random effects model was chosen a priori as the appropriate model for pooling the data because it accounts for heterogeneity among the included studies. Results from the meta-analyses are available in the supplementary materials that can be downloaded from the Journal website under the corresponding article in the table of contents.
Panel Composition and Responsibilities
A call for applications to serve on the 3rd edition of the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Lung Cancer Guidelines (LC III) panel was put forth to the ACCP membership, to past panelists, and to other organizations that have previously endorsed earlier editions of these guidelines or appointed representatives to serve on those panels. Guiding the team was the LC III Executive Committee, composed of a Panel Chair, Vice Chair, Liaison to the Guidelines Oversight Committee (GOC), and two staff members, one serving as an adviser and the other as the lead methodologist. The GOC appointed the Liaison and the Chair, who was required to be free of conflicts of interest (COI). This Executive Committee provided general oversight and guidance; multiple reviews of research questions, article outlines, manuscripts, evidence tables, and other supporting documents; and facilitation of the final conference discussions and voting. As the scope was defined, content experts in each major area were identified to serve as topic editors and nominated by the Panel Chair to be advanced to the GOC for the requisite qualifications and COI review and approval process. These topic editors organized their research and writing teams, oversaw the work of the individual members, edited separate contributions into synthesized manuscripts, presented evidence at the final conference, and managed any of their committee members who were approved with management stipulations relevant to their COIs.
Each topic editor was initially charged with proposing individuals to support their topic committees with expertise in the content area and/or methodology. With the Chair's approval, these individuals were nominated for GOC reviews for COI and expertise. In some cases, GOC staff helped to locate additional methodologic support when it was determined to be necessary for various article committees. This resulted in an international panel of >100 multidisciplinary experts across 24 articles representing the fields of pulmonary medicine, critical care medicine, thoracic surgery, medical and radiation oncology, pathology, integrative medicine, primary care, health-care research, guidelines methodology, and epidemiology. Nineteen international organizations that are also dedicated to advancing research and practice in the area of lung cancer were invited to appoint representatives to this guideline project as adjunct participants. These individuals, unless already approved panelists, were not considered full voting members of the panel, since they had not been through the same ACCP COI review, but were included at the final conference, participated fully in the discussions, and provided external review and feedback on the manuscripts and supporting documentation.
Formulating the Recommendations
In most cases the topic editors, along with the other completely non-conflicted members of the article committee, formulated the recommendations. The summarized evidence tables and profiles (where profiles existed) provided the foundation for the recommendations. In formulating the recommendations, panelists considered not only the body of evidence but also the balance between the benefits and harms and considerations of other factors, such as cost or resource availability considerations and patient values and preferences, which might vary widely for some recommendations. These additional considerations are described in a Remarks section, which appears just below the relevant recommendation in the publication, each time the recommendation appears.
Grading the Recommendations
Recommendations that are strong must be differentiated from those that are weak or weaker. Thus, the ACCP Grading System was used (see the "Rating Scheme for the Strength of the Recommendations" field), and the wording of the recommendations is explicit. This grading system has been used since 2005 and is based on two dimensions: the balance of benefits to harms and the quality of the evidence base. If the benefits clearly outweigh the harms or the harms clearly outweigh the benefits, the strength of the recommendation is considered strong and graded as a 1. In most cases, when there is strong confidence that the benefits outweigh the harms, most patients would choose the intervention endorsed in that recommendation. However, when the tradeoffs between desirable and undesirable consequences are not as clear, variability in patient preferences and values often becomes germane to the decision-making conversation.
Weak recommendations are those for which the benefits and harms are more equally balanced, and thus a clear choice is not as obvious; these are graded with a 2. Strong recommendations are phrased, "the panel recommends," whereas weak recommendations are phrased "the panel suggests." Accompanying these indications of the strength of a recommendation is a letter score (A, B, or C) representing the grading of the body of relevant literature.
In grading the quality of the evidence, RCTs start with a high score but might be downgraded to moderate or even low based on the following criteria: limitations in the study design or conduct of the trial, imprecision, indirectness relative to the specifics of the PICO question, inconsistency in the results, and risk of reporting bias. Observational studies, on the other hand, start off as low-level evidence but can be upgraded to moderate or even high if exceptionally large and consistent treatment effects increase confidence in the findings, especially if there is a strong dose-response gradient.
The final grades are combinations reflecting the strength of the recommendation and the quality of the evidence. Strong recommendations with high quality evidence, grade of 1A, are less common than in past editions of these guidelines, since the evidence is assessed with greater rigor for most topics, and few studies without important limitations are available.
However, recommendations that do attain this score are those for which the panel could state with confidence that new studies would be unlikely to change the direction of the effect. These recommendations apply to most patients in most circumstances. But as the grades decline, patient values and preferences likely would play an increasingly greater role in determining the best treatments or interventions for each patient.
The Final Conference
As the evidence reviews were completed and the tables and profiles prepared, the manuscripts and recommendations were drafted. Members of the article committees convened by phone or e-mail to discuss the evidence and work on drafting and grading the recommendations. These discussions generally resulted in agreement on both the quality of the evidence and strength of the recommendations.
The manuscripts and supporting tables were then reviewed by members of the Executive Committee and, after several iterations, the revised versions were shared among all panelists and the representatives of invited organizations in advance of the conference. The other panelists and representatives were asked not only to provide feedback but also to review the recommendations to identify any controversies. A recommendation was deemed to be controversial if at least one person disagreed with the wording or the grading, if there was controversy in practice, if there were wide variations in practice, or if at least one person asked that it be discussed among the broader panel and association representatives. These identified controversies composed the main agenda for the conference.
See the "Methodology for Development of Guidelines for Lung Cancer" (see the "Availability of Companion Document" field) for more information.
Strength of the Recommendations Grading System
Internal and External Peer Review
Once Executive Committee approval was received, the articles were submitted to American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) staff for several layers of review. All reviewers were required to undergo a full conflict of interest (COI) appraisal before being approved. In the first round of reviews, the Thoracic Oncology NetWork reviewed the content of the manuscripts and the members of the Guidelines Oversight Committee (GOC) assessed the manuscripts for adherence to the methodology and conformance with the evidence. The ACCP President also appointed members of the Board of Regents to evaluate the guidelines in depth. All comments were collated into spreadsheets to ensure that they were appropriately answered. GOC and board reviewers discussed each comment and determined which should be mandatory for the authors to amend and which were provided as suggestions for improvement. All reviews and comments were anonymous, and authors were required to respond to all mandatory issues either by revising the manuscripts or providing written justification explaining why they did not agree with the reviewers' comments.
The revised manuscripts were submitted for round II review, simultaneously with the Journal peer review. Once the GOC and board reviewers approved the manuscripts, the ACCP President, President Elect, President Elect Designee, and Immediate Past President reviewed the guidelines. Approval was granted pending confirmation from the Board of Regents, before submission to the journal for final review by the Journal Editor. In addition to this extensive review process, which included nearly 30 individual reviewers from the ACCP leadership, external organizations were provided with opportunities to provide feedback before, during, and just after the conference. This final version was submitted for consideration for endorsement to all of the invited organizations, whether or not they sent representatives to the conference. However, once the guidelines were approved by the ACCP Board of Regents, no further changes were accepted. Organizations that provided endorsements are listed in each article.
The grades of recommendation (1A–2C) and the approach to rating the quality of evidence are defined at the end of the "Major Recommendations" field.
General Approach to Patients
For patients with either a known or suspected lung cancer who are eligible for treatment, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest with contrast is recommended (Grade 1B).
Remark: If positron emission tomography (PET) scan is unavailable for staging, the CT of the chest should be extended to include the liver and adrenal glands to assess for metastatic disease.
For patients with either a known or suspected lung cancer, it is recommended that a thorough clinical evaluation be performed to provide an initial definition of tumor stage (Grade 1B).
In patients with either a known or suspected lung cancer who have an abnormal clinical evaluation and no suspicious extrathoracic abnormalities on chest CT, additional imaging for metastases is recommended (Grade 1B).
Remark: Site specific symptoms warrant directed evaluation of that site with the most appropriate study.
Extrathoracic Staging
In patients with a normal clinical evaluation and no suspicious extrathoracic abnormalities on chest CT being considered for curative-intent treatment, PET imaging (where available) is recommended to evaluate for metastases (except the brain) (Grade 1B).
Remark: Ground glass opacities and an otherwise normal chest CT do not require a PET scan for staging.
Remark: In patients with peripheral stage cIA tumors a PET scan is not required.
Remark: If PET is unavailable, bone scan and abdominal CT are reasonable alternatives to evaluate for extrathoracic disease.
In patients with an imaging finding (e.g., by PET) suggestive of a metastasis, further evaluation of the abnormality with tissue sampling to pathologically confirm the clinical stage is recommended prior to choosing treatment (Grade 1B).
Remark: Tissue sampling of the abnormal site is imperative so that the patient is not excluded from potentially curative treatment.
Remark: Tissue sampling of a distant metastatic site is not necessary if there is overwhelming radiographic evidence of metastatic disease in multiple sites.
Remark: Tissue sampling of the mediastinal lymph nodes does not necessarily need to be performed if there is overwhelming radiographic evidence of metastatic disease in multiple distant sites.
Detection of Brain Metastases
In patients with clinical stage III or IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) it is suggested that routine imaging of the brain with head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (or CT if MRI is not available) should be performed, even if they have a negative clinical evaluation (Grade 2C).
Staging of the Mediastinum
Approach to the Patient
Mediastinal Infiltration
For patients with extensive mediastinal infiltration of tumor and no distant metastases, it is suggested that radiographic (CT) assessment of the mediastinal stage is usually sufficient without invasive confirmation (Grade 2C).
Discrete Mediastinal Node Enlargement
In patients with discrete mediastinal lymph node enlargement (and no distant metastases) with or without PET uptake in mediastinal nodes, invasive staging of the mediastinum is recommended over staging by imaging alone (Grade 1C).
In patients with PET activity in a mediastinal lymph node and normal appearing nodes by CT (and no distant metastases), invasive staging of the mediastinum is recommended over staging by imaging alone (Grade 1C).
In patients with high suspicion of N2,3 involvement, either by discrete mediastinal lymph node enlargement or PET uptake (and no distant metastases), a needle technique (endobronchial ultrasound-needle aspiration [EBUS-NA], endoscopic ultrasound-needle aspiration [EUS-NA] or combined EBUS/EUS-NA) is recommended over surgical staging as a best first test (Grade 1B).
Remark: This recommendation is based on the availability of these technologies (EBUS-NA, EUS-NA, or combined EBUS/EUS-NA) and the appropriate experience and skill of the operator.
Remark: In cases where the clinical suspicion of mediastinal node involvement remains high after a negative result using a needle technique, surgical staging (e.g., mediastinoscopy, video-assisted thoracic surgery [VATS], etc.) should be performed.
Remark: The reliability of mediastinal staging may be more dependent on the thoroughness with which the procedure is performed than by which test is used.
Central and Clinical N1 Nodes
In patients with an intermediate suspicion of N2,3 involvement, i.e., a radiographically normal mediastinum (by CT and PET) and a central tumor or N1 lymph node enlargement (and no distant metastases), invasive staging of the mediastinum is recommended over staging by imaging alone (Grade 1C).
In patients with an intermediate suspicion of N2,3 involvement, i.e., a radiographically normal mediastinum (by CT and PET) and a central tumor or N1 lymph node enlargement (and no distant metastases), a needle technique (EBUS-NA, EUS-NA, or combined EBUS/EUS-NA) is suggested over surgical staging as a best first test (Grade 2B).
Remark: In cases where the clinical suspicion of mediastinal node involvement remains high after a negative result using a needle technique, surgical staging (e.g., mediastinoscopy, VATS, etc.) should be performed.
Peripheral Stage I Tumors
For patients with a peripheral clinical stage IA tumor (negative nodal involvement by CT and PET), it is suggested that invasive preoperative evaluation of the mediastinal nodes is not required (Grade 2B).
Patients with Left Upper Lobe (LUL) Tumors
For the patients with a LUL cancer in whom invasive mediastinal staging is indicated as defined by the previous recommendations, it is suggested that invasive assessment of the aortopulmonary window (APW) nodes be performed (via Chamberlain, VATS, or extended cervical mediastinoscopy) if other mediastinal node stations are found to be uninvolved (Grade 2B).
None provided
The type of supporting evidence is identified and graded for each recommendation (see the "Major Recommendations" field).
Appropriate staging of non-small cell lung cancer
Dissemination and Implementation
These guidelines are widely disseminated through the CHEST journal publication, National Guideline Clearinghouse, and Guidelines International Network library. Additional clinical resources will soon be available to users of CHEST Evidence, an upcoming tool for searching the content of America College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines.
As the expanding research into diagnostic techniques and treatment options continues to evolve, the guidelines must be updated and kept current. This edition of the ACCP Lung Cancer Guidelines will be the last to be published as a complete collection, as the ACCP is now embarking on a new living guidelines model (LGM) for revising existing recommendations and developing new recommendations as the literature evolves. This will include a continual assessment of the currency of these recommendations relevant to new research studies as they are published. The review cycle for the ACCP Lung Cancer Guidelines will begin 1 year after publication unless the content experts who monitor the literature bring a recommendation or set of related recommendations to the attention of the Guideline oversight Committee (GOC), suggesting that those recommendations are in need of updating sooner. The new LGM will permit a more nimble approach to guideline development but also requires a point-of-care accessible vehicle, CHEST Evidence, for the users to readily search for the most current version. These features will be described in greater detail in upcoming publications. As a step in this direction, these guidelines will be published primarily online with a printed version of the Executive Summary, containing all of the recommendations, the introduction, and this article on methodology. All narratives for each article with their supporting tables, figures, and algorithms will be available online at journal.publications.chestnet.org .
Not applicable: The guideline was not adapted from another source.
American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Expert Panel on Lung Cancer Guidelines
Authors: Gerard A. Silvestri, MD, FCCP; Anne V. Gonzalez, MD; Michael A. Jantz, MD, FCCP; Mitchell L. Margolis, MD, FCCP; Michael K. Gould, MD, FCCP; Lynn T. Tanoue, MD, FCCP; Loren J. Harris, MD, FCCP; Frank C. Detterbeck, MD, FCCP
Electronic copies: Available to subscribers of Chest - The Cardiopulmonary and Critical Care Journal . Also available to Chest subscribers through the Chest app for iPhone and iPad.
Print copies: Available from the American College of Chest Physicians, Products and Registration Division, 3300 Dundee Road, Northbrook IL 60062-2348.
The following are available:
The following is also available:
A lung cancer staging calculator is available from the Staging Lung Cancer Web site .
Please note: This patient information is intended to provide health professionals with information to share with their patients to help them better understand their health and their diagnosed disorders. By providing access to this patient information, it is not the intention of NGC to provide specific medical advice for particular patients. Rather we urge patients and their representatives to review this material and then to consult with a licensed health professional for evaluation of treatment options suitable for them as well as for diagnosis and answers to their personal medical questions. This patient information has been derived and prepared from a guideline for health care professionals included on NGC by the authors or publishers of that original guideline. The patient information is not reviewed by NGC to establish whether or not it accurately reflects the original guideline's content.
This NGC summary was completed by ECRI on July 22, 2003. The information was verified by the guideline developer on August 18, 2003. This NGC summary was updated by ECRI Institute on November 9, 2007. The updated information was verified by the guideline developer on December 21, 2007. This NGC summary was updated by ECRI Institute on August 21, 2013.
This NGC summary is based on the original guideline, which is subject to the guideline developer's copyright restrictions.
The National Guideline Clearinghouse™ (NGC) does not develop, produce, approve, or endorse the guidelines represented on this site.
All guidelines summarized by NGC and hosted on our site are produced under the auspices of medical specialty societies, relevant professional associations, public or private organizations, other government agencies, health care organizations or plans, and similar entities.
Guidelines represented on the NGC Web site are submitted by guideline developers, and are screened solely to determine that they meet the NGC Inclusion Criteria which may be found at http://www.guideline.gov/about/inclusion-criteria.aspx.
NGC, AHRQ, and its contractor ECRI Institute make no warranties concerning the content or clinical efficacy or effectiveness of the clinical practice guidelines and related materials represented on this site. Moreover, the views and opinions of developers or authors of guidelines represented on this site do not necessarily state or reflect those of NGC, AHRQ, or its contractor ECRI Institute, and inclusion or hosting of guidelines in NGC may not be used for advertising or commercial endorsement purposes.
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Photographer Alexey Dubinsky's latest editorial "Swept Away" is now available exclusively for See.7 online. We took a few minutes to catch up with Alexey on his life and inspiration. He shares his favorite works to date, including an outtake from "Swept Away."
Tell us a little about yourself?
I was born in 1985 in the city of Novorossiysk on the Black Sea coast. Photography became a part of my life in 2004. My first camera was digital, but after less than half a year, I finally had a chance to work with film. For me, photography is not a reflection of reality, but rather the fictional world with my sense of beauty. The places where I was born, raised and currently live, have had the greatest impact on me. The color blue, as a symbol of the sea, is often present in my photographs.
You go back and forth between nudes and landscapes. Is this because they are so different, or so alike?
People and landscapes are inseparable. I started with landscapes, but I always wanted to shoot people. And it is rather an exciting opportunity when you can combine your emotional landscape with human beauty.
Each of your images have a strong sense of composition. Is each image meant to be a story, whether separate or in a series?
I often try, in one or more photographs, to reveal the whole subject. Series involve a language of narrative and more photos. I am currently working on several series which I hope to finish this year.
Old and new, decrepit and beautiful…your work is often a study in contrasts and dualities. Why is this so important in your work?
Honestly, I never thought about it. But, I can say that I like Soviet architecture, which at the moment is forgotten. Sometimes I use abandoned Soviet buildings as decoration. All eyes are on the west, while forgetting about our own great past. The combination of human vulnerability and omnipotence of the nature surrounding it, has always inspired me.
Does where you live and work play effect your work as a photographer?
Places where I live and work very much affect on me. As I mentioned, the sea is reflected in my work. It is an endless theme, the interaction between man and water.
What's next?
In the future, I plan to work on more series. They are interesting to me at the moment, rather than separate shots. I would like to see consistency in my shots, as well as the continuing formation of my own style.
For more information, visit Alexey Dubinsky's website.


text: Was at Zakka this weekend and picked up this niceness. It is a catalogue put together from Nijhof & Lee for a Wim Crouwel exhibition in Rotterdam. Again, a nice little collection from the master. Here is an excerpt from the Nijhof & Lee site: 80 20 100 celebrates two milestones in the lives of three people. In the first and foremost place it is a celebration of the 80th birthday of Wim Crouwel, one of the leading icons of graphic design in the Netherlands during the last 60 years; a designer who has had a lasting influence that reaches far beyond the boarders of this small country. As multi-disciplinary designer, educator, museum director and inspirator Wim Crouwel is an integral part of what many design critics prefer to call "Dutch Design", but as evidenced in the excellent essay published here by his friend and former colleague Ben Bos, it would be short-sighted to place Crouwel only in the context of "Dutch Design".?? Less prominent and certainly less influential, the second milestone is the 20 years that we, Nijhof & Lee, have operated as international booksellers for the art and design world. To celebrate 80(+)20 we have gathered together from our collection 100 objects indicative of the design excellence for which Crouwel has become famous. This small collection of original posters, catalogues and other publications is but a fraction of what he has and is still producing, and we hope that it contributes in a small way to the ever growing international interest and demand for his work.?? This catalogue accompanied a sales exposition held at VIVID Gallery, in Rotterdam (NL), from )October 11th to the 23rd of November 2008.


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I recently had the opportunity to interview Q Parker from the RnB group 112. Currently, Q's working on his first solo album, The MANual, and releasing a 2012 fitness calendar. I wanted this interview to be focused on three parts of Q's career: the beginning, the present, and the future.
The Beginning
At that time did you understand the importance or the relevance of 112's music?
I'm not going to say in the beginning I understood because we were just doing what we loved to do. We just wanted to sing. We just wanted to touch people with our music and through our music. So to answer that original question, no we didn't understand the relevance and what we were really doing. As time went on and we started to see the response that we were getting, the support that we were getting from people it really started to sink in like, hey guys we're really doing something in a major way because a) we were selling records b) we were selling out our concerts and no matter where we showed up, no matter where we went the people came out in droves so that let us know that we were doing something good. Once we really caught on we realized that we had to uphold and remain consistent because people had started to expect so much from us.
How was it working with the great Bad Boy talents like Faith, Biggie and Puffy?
That part of our career was like…I can't put it into words. It's so hard because for us to be signed to Bad Boy at that time Puff could do no wrong and no matter who and what he put out it was destined for success. We couldn't have asked for a better way to be ushered into the industry by way of The Notorious B.I.G. rapping on our first single because what that did, it validated us. Him being on our record was like saying, 'if BIG vouched for these guys, then I'm gonna support them.' With the way Puffy introduced us to the industry, along with Faith, Carl, Total, Craig and BIG it was just phenomenal. To be apart of that first five was amazing.
Tupac or Biggie?
Of course B.I.G. Now don't get me wrong, I'm a Tupac fan as well but if you ask me either or it's B.I.G. all day.
Can you talk about 112's split with Bad Boy records?
We signed in '95 and our first album came out in '96 and our original contract after three albums was up. We had fulfilled our obligations from the original contract and we became free agents. At that time we asked Puffy what kind of deal he had for us. The deal he presented to us was a lot less than what was offered to us outside of Bad Boy. When I say a lot less meaning financially, the terms, creative control and at that point we realized we deserved a lot more and as men we had fulfilled our original contract no matter how bad it was and we just felt like we had established a relationship with Puffy to where he would acknowledge that fact that we had done so much together. When the deals came in, Def Jam just gave us the better deal and as men who were now grown men at the time with different responsibilities we had to do what was best for us and not so much for Bad Boy.
When you guys first came out they sent you on 18 months worth of tours with acts like Janet, Whitney and the Isley Brothers. What were some of the things you learned from them?
For us we were very blessed and very fortunate because the first five tours that we were on were with legendary artists. Keith Sweat, Isley Brothers, Whitney Houston, New Edition and then Janet Jackson. With every one of those tours we just learned and absorbed so many things because we're dealing with legends. I think what it did was instilled in us a drive, a work ethic because you gotta understand, a lot of those times, especially in the beginning days, they never knew about us, so we had to work hard to actually gain their respect and approval. Back then, if the opening act wasn't good they would boo you or walk out on you so it was a task for us to captivate an Isley Brothers crowd. We became more and more confident and it became a piece of cake because we learned so much from watching them every night. By time we got to Janet Jackson we were unstoppable.
On Twitter about a year ago, you said "In the studio with my boys. New 112 album coming soon" Is there a new album?
As it stand right now there is not a 112 album in the works. I would never rule out another 112 album because I believe that we will do another one. The timing just has to be right.
The Present
You're pretty active in social media. You have your twitter account, Qversions on Youtube, Qstream on Ustream – why did you start being so active?
We said we have to brand Q Parker because a lot of people know the group 112 but outside of Slim, some may know Q, some may know Daron, some may know Mike but we want people to really know who Q Parker is. My manger asked 'Q what are some of the things you like to do?' of course you know I like to sing so she said 'okay, we gon do a new album' she said, 'what else do you like?' I'm into health and fitness. I love working out. She said, 'okay, we'll do a fitness calendar' And from then, we had a conversation were I was just talking about how I love singing other people's songs and when I hear a hot song on the radio I'm mad at myself because as a song writer I'm thinking like mehn why didn't I come up with that? Or as a singer, I'm saying mehn, if that was my song then I would sing it like this! That's how the Qversions came around. It's my way of showing respect to the artist that originally did the record. It's not like I'm trying to out do them, or trying to do their records better than them but I like the record enough to sing it. It's allowed people to get to know me as a singer and get to know me vocally because in 112 your in a group that's equally talented. I get ¼ of the video, I get ¼ of an interview, I get ¼ of the record, I get ¼ of everything so unless you were the guy in the front you really didn't know much about each one of us individually. The Qversions allows people to really get into me vocally. The Qstream allows my fans to connect with me just on a normal day. I'm just an average down to earth guy. I'm cool – I like to be personable while I'm talking and I like to be engaging over the Qstream. I like to be informative.
Elaborate on the Fitness Calendar
The fitness calendar came because I love working out and I love monitoring and knowing what's going on with my body and I took it upon myself to educate and motivate through the fitness calendar because as African Americans we come out of the womb fighting a lot of disadvantages: high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol. If I can do the smallest thing by motivating people or educating people about what they're eating and how they're treating there body then I want to do my part. If someone looks at my calendar and it motivates them to go to the gym - then job well done Q.
I read that part of the proceeds go to breast and prostate cancer. Why are those foundations important to you?
With the calendar I wanted to make sure that we gave back. It hit home. My grandmother and an aunt of mine had breast cancer, they survived it. My father survived prostate cancer. So for me, it was a no-brainer to donate to the American Cancer Society.
What do you see are the pros of a celebrity being so vocal on social media?
It's the new music industry. Back in the day a label pretty much did it all. They marketed you, they promoted you, they publicized you, and they moved you around. But in today's industry with the likes of myspace, facebook, twitter and all these other social networks, that's the new music industry. The thing that I love about it is, for a long time there was a line drawn between the fan and the artist and there was just so close to an artist you can get, but with social media you can feel like, 'I know Q, not only do I like his records but the dude's cool.' So everyone that comes to my Qstream, when they cut it off I want them to be like, yo not only is he a nice artist but the dude is just cool. Because my mission is, I need you and I want you to get to know Q Parker the individual, the songwriter, the producer, the man. Which is how my album came up "The MANual" I just really want people to know who I am as a man. You guys have watched me grow up from 17 years old to now my early 30s. It's important for you to know who the man, Q Parker is.
Your first solo studio album is The MANual. What's it about?
The MANual is like a how-to guide from my perspective how a man and how woman should be treated from a man. It's important to let you know that there are still some gentlemen out here, chivalry isn't dead. We can talk about intimacy without it always just being sex but from a mental and emotional standpoint. It's just my take on how [women] should be treated and how you should demand to be treated from these guys out here. I think when you listen to the composition of The MANual you're going to get moments were I'm allowing you to see me vulnerable as a man, see me strong as a man, see me sensitive, and not be afraid to let you in on all of those characteristics of me.
The new single, Show you How, sounds very 112ish
You can't help but to hear the 112 sound from my voice. That's my voice. The new single goes to radio in January.
Any features on the album?
Yes my sister Faith Evens is on one of the tracks. So far that's the only feature but I pretty much want to keep it like that unless I do a remix of the single and maybe put a rapper or something on it but it was important for me to allow you guys to know who I am and not be downplayed by having so many features on the album. I want you to get all of Q Parker.
Is the album being distributed independently?
My deal is a partnership with my company NewFam Entertainment and Malico Records. Malico is a major independent so they are an independent record company but they operate as a major. For me, it's the perfect situation because it's not jus the typical artist deal. I'm actually part owner of my own record, which for me is great. I have creative control, I have a say in how it moves, it's not like I'm just the artist. In every sense of the word, it's a true partnership and it's just the best situation for me.
If hindsight was 20/20 what would you say to your former self at 17?
I would say to myself; be patient, learn all that you can, keep you eyes open, listen to the people you put in a position to advise you, and just focus on you and what you can do to better you and your group.
The Future
What does Q Parker's future hold?
In 2012 I want to make sure Q Parker is a household name. It's important to me to bring up the brand Q Parker and my company NewFam Entertainment. I want to have a multiplatinum album. I want to top the charts. And I want to continue building on the legacy that I've already built with 112.
At the end of my interview's I usually have a Rapid Fire segment. So, let's go:
Music is…everything to me. It's the blood that goes through my veins. It's what keeps me alive.
If I only had one song on my iPod it would be…a Gospel song
If I wasn't a singer/performer I would be…a professional athlete
The most important thing in my life…Family andGod
I look up to…the man upstairs
Check out the very social media friendly QParker on Twitter@QParker112, on FacebookQparker Music, on YouTube at QParkersings, and his Fitness Calendar atQparkerFitnessCalendar.com


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What is data entry ?
Data is the backbone of each and every organization, which is further employed in taking various decisions by the management. The data may include financial records of the customers, sales figures, medical history, revenue collection, etc; and to manage and curate this data on digital medium is the task undertaken by data entry operators. Data entry operators have the leverage to undertake data entry jobs from home; as it requires longer duration of man-hours to complete a data entry job.
Which sectors employ data entry operators ?
Data entry operators can work in a variety of sectors as data is of prime importance to each and every organization. Data entry jobs from home are available in the healthcare sector, where one is responsible for managing medical history of patients, prescriptions, and medical reports. One can also find suitable opportunities in banking and finance. Information technology and software development also outsource coding projects as data entry jobs from home, nevertheless such projects require the know-how of programming languages. E-commerce is one of the flourishing sectors where one can find a large volume of data entry jobs from home.
What are the essential skills?
Data entry jobs from home require a basic set of skills in; typing, MS-Office package and skills in programming, if you are looking at data entry jobs in Information technology and software development. Moreover, the skills that will come in handy entirely depends upon the nature of work. For instance, a project from healthcare industry will require familiarity with medical terms; which one can easily develop or acquire using the internet. Apart from that, efficient and error-free typing skill are the most important skills; irrespective of the sector your project is from.
On what basis data entry jobs from home are paid ?
The payment structure that data entry jobs from home follow is quite unique. One is paid on the basis of the number of keystrokes, number of pages submitted or the number of man-hours put into work. The structure is dependent upon the nature of the project. For example, if the project requires submission of 800 pages, and the payment for each page is Rs 3 then the monthly earnings go upto Rs.24000. The earning potential for these jobs, is mammoth as one can undertake a number of projects to keep the payments in the pipeline, creating a cycle of paychecks at regular intervals.


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Based in Moscow, Jonathan C. Knaus is regional vice president Eastern Europe and CIS for Western Union. He has lived in Moscow for 19 years.
His nomadic upbringing is probably the reason why after so many years in business in Russia, he can still meet and accept new people with an open mind.
Jonathan is a seasoned finance professional with CPA, CIA, CMA and CFM designations. He was also recognized as chamber member of the year in 2000 by the American Chamber of Commerce in Russia.


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Rutgers University Stadium, located on the Busch campus of Rutgers University in Piscataway, NJ, has installed five new Hitachi SK-HD1000 HD studio/field cameras to produce game-day entertainment, including live HD video of game action and spectators, for the stadium's big-screen HD display.
The cameras, which are outfitted with Fujinon HD lenses and operated by freelance cameramen, were first used at the Rutgers versus the University of Cincinnati 2009 season opener Sept. 7. Two of the cameras are used as handhelds while the other three are fixed on tripods. All five cameras capture images in 1080i for display on a new Daktronics video scoreboard, which measures 38ft by 112ft.
Jim Signorini was contracted by Rutgers University to design and install the new HD video infrastructure at the stadium. The HD video infrastructure upgrade is part of a $102 million capital investment made during 2008 and 2009 by Rutgers University to expand the stadium in support of its Scarlet Knights football program. Besides expanding stadium seating and amenities, the capital investment enabled Rutgers Stadium to convert from analog to digital HDTV, including the cameras, Hitachi camera control units, a fiber-optic network and the Daktronics video scoreboard.
The contract also includes the design and integration of a native 1080i HD video control room in the stadium press box that houses an Echolab HD switcher, Click Effects CrossFire and Flashback for graphics and instant replays, and two Avitech multiviewer systems, which are used to display eight video sources on each of two 52in LCD monitors.
Sen. Flake Wants Answers on Broadband Privacy Extension
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Netflix Said to Be Getting Down with Downloading
Perspectives on Brexit
Spotlight on Brexit at TVBEurope 2020
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Commercial UAV Advisory Board Opines on How Far Drone Industry Has Come
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Lucian Enters the League, Xypherous on Heimerdinger's Rework, RP Summer Sale and Grumpy Shares his LoL Art!
Get the full scoop on Riot's newest champion teaser, featuring Lucian, the Purifier! We also get some sweet details on the upcoming Heimerdinger rework from Xypherous and a sweet summer deal on purchasing RP, presented by Hippalus! And for the creative bunch – an Art thread from designer Grumpy Monkey!
PBE: Tooltip Changes
A new Champion approaches: Lucian, the Purifier!
Time to Upgrade – @Xypherous on Heimerdinger
Presenting: Grumpy's Art Thread
Get more RP this summer!
Free Champion Rotation – Week 22
PBE: Tooltip Changes
   Nasus
- Now has a counter displaying how much bonus damage the spell has acquired. Visible to both allies and enemies
A new Champion approaches: Lucian, the Purifier!
Remember this teaser? It was real!
 Lucian: When we took up these weapons, we accepted our mission with pride. Rid Runeterra of evil, they told us. Slay the corrupt. Send the filth of the world crawling back to the hole it crawled out of. Not just anyone can wield these weapons. You need a pure heart. A fearless mind. An inner light that outshines all the darkness in the world. Once I had that light. Now I'm not so sure.
Everything changed. We knew our mission was greater than ourselves. The enemy was not who we fought, but what we fought. Evil. The Shadow Isles? Just another mess to clean up, just a bunch of ghosts. They were abominations, but nothing we hadn't put in the ground before. Until the day we faced him. Until the day he ripped her from my life.
Why did you change his title from "Gun Templar" to "Purifier"?
 ZenonTheStoic: Gun Templar was a working title. His final name and title are "Lucian, the Purifier". It'll all make sense, don't worry!
Are Thresh and Evelynn part of Lucian's lore?
  ZenonTheStoic: Don't be thrown off by the "twice if I have to". The line refers to things that just won't stay dead, aka the denizens of the Shadow Isles, not to an in-game mechanic.
What's his role?
  ZenonTheStoic: He will likely be played as an AD carry (translated from German)
Time to upgrade!
Xypherous sheds some light on Heimerdinger's upcoming rework! Warning: some images contain footage of lasers massacring minions. Please abide the age gating.
 Xypherous: Every designer works significantly differently from one another in terms of how they work with the community – so these types of write-ups will be more on a case-by-case basis.
Disclaimer:Â The following is all work in progress and is subject to change at any time.
Additional Disclaimer:Â The following uses temporary particles made by me and thus look terrible.
Turrets – Why are turrets cool?
We wanted to solve was why Heimerdinger's turrets cool and what draws players towards Heimerdinger. They should be easy to use, claim territory, farm minion and provide a threatening zone that Heimerdinger could operate from behind.
Conversely, we also wanted to solve all the negative aspects of Heimerdinger's turrets – their binary nature against long ranged targets, their wide disparity in effectiveness between melee or ranged and the fact that they intrinsically relied on being countered by their opponent rather than being played around.
So we added laser beams on them and called it a day.
They still can't hurt towers all that well though.
How does this work?
Heimerdinger's turrets now have two direct attacks: The rapid cannon attack pattern that they have currently and piercing energy beam attack that is on a much longer cooldown. This allows Heimerdinger's turrets to harass and provide threat to a larger range of enemies.
The quick cannon attack is a very short ranged attack and excels at shredding minions apart – but provide continuous threat in a region. The energy beam is a long ranged attack that can harass opponents at range and deals very heavy damage. His attacks scale off ability power but the energy beam cooldown can be reduced with additional cooldown reduction.
Melee characters will need to dodge the beam attack to destroy the turrets quickly – while ranged mages will need to still need to dodge the beams to harass turrets down. Turrets have a fair amount of magic resistance and far weaker armor early – lowering the disparity between enemies.
Additionally, we've reduced the power of each individual turret and raised the turret count back to three as it lets us make each individual turret easier to take down – but also raise the potential use cases of turrets from providing vision to providing coverage.
From internal testing, the biggest gain here is that Heimerdinger's turret formations become a little more interesting. If you clump your turrets – you'll have a very strong zone of minion control and hiding – but the barrage of skillshots is fairly easy to dodge, as they come from the same point.
Contrast, a wider spread pattern that is less efficient at farming minions – but also provides better harassment by attacking from many different angles:
Keep in mind though, that the cannon attack is relatively short ranged – so clever spots to put beam turrets will prevent their basic cannon from being able to affect many targets, seen here when the bottom turrets can attack Annie with their basic cannon attack but the topmost turret is slightly out of range.
Additionally, since each turret is individually weaker – advancing with the turret wall is a much slower process than before. With two high-powered turrets, you could easily leapfrog your way in a creeping methodical pattern. With three turrets of moderate strength – you'll need to think about whether or not your third turret and the loss of the old turret will create gaps that enemies will use to murder you.
Otherwise known as – I regret my decision to replace that top turret to push in.
Local Control
One of the things we wanted to stress on Heimerdinger is that he has local control over his area. Because his turrets were still active while Heimerdinger was not nearby, it made his turrets powerful in a way that was neither appreciated nor particularly compelling to play against.
Since he could farm his lane passively from base and push from afar – it forced his wave clear to be weak as he had so much presence. We wanted to take away this global control because it forced too many limitations on Heimerdinger's power level and play pattern to the detriment of the entire builder fantasy – from turret count, to turret durability, to the fact that turrets had to die when he did.
Turrets now shut down after 3 seconds if Heimerdinger isn't within 1200 range of them, enabling characters to have a window of opportunity to reclaim lane position if Heimerdinger has left.
Quick setup
A portion of Heimerdinger's ultimate has been devoted to shoring up a couple of his weaknesses – one of which being an inability to quickly set up when the time was required. One of the ways to use his ultimate can be to quickly set up a turret nest in a flash.
Using his ultimate in this manner will spawn the familiar frosty turrets that you are accustomed to, that slow enemies on hit. However, using the ultimate in this manner will prevent you from using it in any of the other modes and has quite a significant cooldown cost early. If Heimerdinger returns to lane and uses his ultimate to create a foothold fast with it, he's giving up a portion of all-in strength for the next few minutes.
Will we see this update in patch 3.9?
 Xypherous: No – we're working on Game Health / Balance. I'm shooting for a month or so out from today – but that doesn't fall on any specific patch day.
Sorry. There's still some questions on numerical and health – especially on one of the ultimate modes.
Do we get to control the laser beams?
 Xypherous: They have some special AI – Essentially, they will choose to not use laser beams unless they see a champion they can target.
They will prefer hitting things that you have stunned or that you are attacking.
They much prefer using their lasers on champions – but they'll use it on minions if minions get too close and they might take damage from them.
What happens when a turret "shuts down"?
 Xypherous: They become inactive and very vulnerable to damage – though if Heimerdinger returns, they will return to being active.
Will the turrets be able to push effectively?
 Xypherous: Essentially, these turrets are very good for lane pushing and control – but inflicting damage to towers are something they are weak at.
Heimerdinger should siege you but his actual raw damage against turrets are constrained – ideally, he's setting up bastions where your teammates can then push down the tower while he holds down the fort, so to speak.
Turret durability is very non-linear in this work – so the old turret terror manifests itself in late game rather than 'as soon as laning phase ends at he hits level 9′
Will Heimy get a visual rework?
 Xypherous: Nope – it'd take too long if we waited for a VU.
Besides, Heimerdinger still needs his swag walk.
Is the ability to pick up/dismantle turrets being considered?
 Xypherous: I thought about it as a Heimerdinger specific item that he would have to invest in – it's on the pile of 'these would be really cool if we did more champion specific item' idea pile.
No idea when it would be appropriate to do those – we'd have to find the appropriate time.
Are you keeping Heimer's interraction with Banner of Command?
Also – because the machine guns do relatively poor damage compared to the beams, they now benefit from things like spell vamp and liandry's and rylai's.
Rylai's is the scary part.
 Will the turrets be able to survive in late game?
Essentially, turrets will have defenses based on his champion level and some scalars – and it won't make any sense to anyone because they won't follow any sane mathematical formulae but we'll just put numbers there until they do what we want them to do.
 Will Heimerdinger have any other options if his turrets die?
Will you give him a new passive?
 Xypherous:  Eh. It's the same passive.
We tinkered with some other passives but his regeneration passive does a lot to make Heimerdinger easier to play with fallback patterns and the like.
It's not as interesting as other passives – but we've overloaded his other skills with additional intricacies.
How does his new ult work?
 Xypherous: One of the functions of his ultimate is to place three turrets simultaneously.
However, as this counts against your turret cap – currently, if you use the ultimate in this mode, it is 'Screw all of my turret placements, I need three turrets here NOW!'.
Is he going to lose the CDR on his Ult to gain all this new functionality?
  Xypherous: His ultimate currently does not give CDR.
So his ultimate has multiple modes? Can you elaborate?
  Xypherous: His ultimate is a lot like Mantra, except instead of getting a side benefit, you just get more of what you want and the spell additionally slows.
For example – in his turret case, you get 3 slowing turrets instead of one.
What are the benefits of leveling turrets now?
 Xypherous: Currently, you don't get the shreds / AoE portion of the turrets on level up anymore. Turret level-ups just increase Turret Damage and some minor things like number of ammo charges you can hold.His level ups aren't particularly interesting – that's kind of one of the prices of having a modal ultimate in a lot of ways.
 Do these changes further nerf him?
  Xypherous: Potentially – we'll have to tune. Numbers are up in the air but weaker machine gun damage and dodgeable counterplay to beam does allow Heimerdinger's base statistics to be better as he has additional counterplay.
You're not fixing the core problem with Heimer – his abilities don't synergize
  Xypherous: Ranged poke is a fairly unified play pattern combined with zone of control in a lot of ways. Set up a region of safety and then poke away.
The problem with trying to create a pure builder archetype is two-fold – How do they win? How powerful can it be? Most pure builder archetypes in games are tuned to not lose – which is fine in the games they are in where you can switch classes to offense or defense as the game requires. They don't need to win because if you need to win, you can simply switch out to a more offense team build out dynamically as the round goes on.
However – since you can't change characters mid-game in league, a pure builder playstyle is going to be intrinsically unfair because it needs a way to win without interacting with the opponent. Contrast TF2 or Tribes where the builder is simply trying to not lose but that's fine because you simply change to scout or soldier when you no longer need to not lose.
When these playstyles are balanced according to their power level, they're going to appeal to a very small subset of player because the power level has to be really weak to justify the fact that you can win while totally ignore the enemy.
I'm perfectly willing to bet that Heimerdinger with his focus on turrets / rockets / grenades will still feel out of place to you because you're looking for a pure builder experience but that aligns better with a pure support playstyle (perhaps a roaming support playstyle) rather than an offensive mage – which, while cool – is more than likely a different character.
Why are you changing Heimerdinger?
  Xypherous: Currently Heimerdinger isn't in a terrible spot power wise. He's not that bad currently, you are absolutely correct.
Which is a problem because every single one of our gameplay concerns are still present on him – he's not particularly decent for game health, he has binary matchups and isn't particularly delivering on his core experience in terms of playing as or playing against – still horribly anti-melee in top lane and still violates the fundamental principle of dueling in that lane as well.
In the end, reworks are almost never about the character not working. You can make any character 'work' by throwing a whole ton of power at it. The question is not whether or not the character is actually powerful or not – the question is whether the character is a good one for the game.
Reworks are about the fact that if the character works in the current iteration – it probably shouldn't because it comes with so much baggage in terms of playing against or playing with concerns. If a character has game health concerns, binary patterns and odd counterplay – they make the game worse as a whole – thus necessitating further nerfs in order to minimize their negative impacts on the game.
Presenting: Grumpy's Art Thread!
 Senior character artist Grumpy Monkey shows us some of his sketches and concepts for champions, skins and even pets!
Get more RP this summer!
Eager to get some Riot Points this summer? Hippalus has you all covered with an awesome discount!
 Hippalus: Summer's here! When you need a break from working on your tans or chillin' poolside, we've decided to offer another extra bonus RP promotion to celebrate the season! You'll get extra bonus RP when you purchase RP from now through July 12 at 11:59 PM Pacific.
Here's a breakdown of how much RP you'll receive for purchases during the Summer Bonus:
- $10.00 – 1460 RP (1300 + 80 standard bonus RP + 80 extra bonus RP)
- $20.00 – 3000 RP (2600 + 200 standard bonus RP + 200 extra bonus RP)
- $35.00 – 5450 RP (4550 + 450 standard bonus RP + 450 extra bonus RP)
- $50.00 – 7900 RP (6500 + 700 standard bonus RP + 700 extra bonus RP)
- $100.00 – 17000 RP (13000 + 2000 standard bonus RP + 2000 extra bonus RP)
Extra Bonus RP does apply to prepaid cards (the $25 card is worth 3750 RP) but does not apply to mobile payments.
Take this chance to pick up your favorite champions and skins and enjoy the summer fun!
What if I've recently bought RP without the discount?
  Hippalus: Go ahead and contact support if you bought RP in the last week or so – they can probably help you out.
Is the offer only available in the US?
  Hippalus: This was also announced in Europe, Brazil, Turkey and Russia. Latam and Oceania will have similar promotions once their payment methods are fully up to par.
How much RP would a pre-paid $25 card give?
  Hippalus: During the promotion, the $10 card is worth 1460 RP and the $25 card is worth 3750 RP.
How will people on the new Oceanic server be able to make use of this sale?
  Hippalus:  Just wait til RP can be purchased on your server – the bonus RP will apply for the first 9 days.
Does the bonus discount stack when using pre-paid cards?
  Hippalus:  No – you will get bonus RP from each card but unfortunately RP from prepaid cards cannot be stacked to increase the bonus RP
Free Champion Rotation – Week 22
The following champions will be free-to-play until July 9th!
- Aatrox – 6300 IP / 975 RP
- Akali -Â 3150 IP / 790 RP
- Dr. Mundo – 1350 IP / 585 RP
- Ezreal – 4800 IP / 880 RP
- Master Yi - 450 IP / 260 RP
- Miss Fortune – 4800 IP / 880 RP
- Morgana – 1350 IP / 585 RP
- Orianna – 4800 IP / 880 RP
- Sona – 3150 IP / 790 RP
- Swain – 4800 IP / 880 RP
I choose you, Pigasus!… nevermind


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Choose Directions:
General Repairs | Pressurized Hose Repairs
1) Begin peeling liner away from the silicone tape
2) Press firmly on object being wrapped
3) Hold in place and begin first
wrap completely over itself
4) STRETCH at 2 to 3 times it's length and wrap object with a 2/3 overlap to ensure a proper seal.
5) Wrap tape completely over
previous layer and press firmly
Your repair is complete!
1) Turn water supply off if possible and make sure work surfaces are clean and dry
2)Pre-cut three pieces of Tommy Tape to 6" lengths and one piece to 12" long.
3) Begin "bracketing" the leak. Wrap an 6"length of tape, using a half-overlap, VERY tightly on one side of the leak. Be careful NOT to cover leak
4) Repeat Step 3 on the opposite side of the leak, while being careful NOT to cover leak
5) Wrap the third 6" length using a minimal stretch. This layer should start in the middle of the 1st layer and overlap onto opposite side. Building up wall thickness is VERY important for pressurized leaks
6) Wrap the 12" piece over the entire repair. Begin on one side of the leak, make 2-3 circular wraps as TIGHT as possible using MAXIMUM stretch before beginning the half-overlap across the damaged area. This creates a CLAMP effect. Make the last 2-3 wraps circular to form a tight waterproof seal.
7) The water can now be turned back on when needed. For best results, leave Tommy Tape for a few hours to ensure cohesive bond strength and optimal performance.
8) CAUTION: Pressurized repair results vary depending on damage condition and household water pressure. Additional layers may be necessary with pressures over 50psi.


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Rated 5 out of 5 by 2 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Megan Great Product this is the perfect light robe. design is very unique and after a good wash the robe is super soft and comfy. Perfect size as well. June 9, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by Debshvn Comfortable, lightweight, nice material and pattern I have bought this robe in 4 patterns and I love it! I also bought one for my daughter and my aunt for Mother's Day and they loved it too! May 20, 2014
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Springtime Folding Chair Makeover
Posted by julia on Monday, April 28th, 2014
Spring is here and I thought it was high time to give my ugly old folding chairs a fresh new look! This project is easy and scores high in the little bit of work = big results category.
Riley Blake's laminate fabric has a wonderful soft hand, with a laminate coating on the top side, making it perfect for raincoats, lunchboxes, spill mats, tote bags and more.
These chairs are headed to the Spring International Quilt Market in Pittsburgh, so if you are there, be sure to stop by the Riley Blake booth and take a peek!
Here is what you will need:
- an ugly old folding chair with fabric set cushion
- a can of spray primer
- a can of spray paint - color of your choosing
- about 1/2 yard Riley Blake laminate fabric
- about 1/2 yard batting
- staple gun
Let's begin!.....
Take the flat side of a hammer and pry the fabric cushion seat off the chair.
With a screwdriver, unscrew the seat back cushion from the metal chair. Save the screws - you will need them to reattach the cushion later.
With the can of primer, spray the chair all over and let it dry (about 30 minutes to 1 hour). After your primer coat is dry, you can spray on the paint color of your choice. For lighter colors, you may need several coats (and 2-3 cans) of spray paint. For darker colors, 1-2 coats will be enough. For extra durability and protection, you may want to finish with a top clear coat.
While the primer is drying you can begin recovering the cushions. Starting at the center of each side, staple the fabric to the back of the chair, pulling gently as you go to smooth out wrinkles and to keep the fabric nice and taut. Work your way around, leaving the corners for last.
For the corners, Pull gently, trying not to let the fabric wrinkle or fold, and staple as you go.
Trim the fabric all around, leaving 1/4" - 1/2" excess. The seat cushion is now finished. Set it aside for now.
Take a piece of batting and cut it about 1" larger than your seat back cushion. You want it large enough to cover the front and fold over the back about 1". Do the same with a piece of laminate fabric. *The batting on the seat back helps provide a cushion so staples don't poke through.
Starting at the center top and bottom, staple while pulling the fabric taut. Be careful as you staple to check and make sure the staples aren't poking through to the front. In some areas, you may need to hold the staple gun at a slight angle.
Trim around the edges just like you did you the seat cushion. Now all you need to do is pop the seat cushion back into the chair seat and screw the seat back cushion into the chair back.
You are finished!
These are adorable! Fun way to spruce up old folding chairs, love it.by Sallyjean
April 28th, 2014 at 5:46 a.m.
Oh, I love this project! This looks like a lot of fun. Gotta try this.by Karen Nelson
April 28th, 2014 at 6:57 a.m.
What does the back look like? Would this work on outdoor chairs instead of fabric made for outdoors?by Debby
April 28th, 2014 at 10:36 a.m.
These chairs are so cute! I may have to try it sometime. BTW, the word is taut, not taught. As a former teacher and librarian, I just couldn't let that go. LOL :)by Trisha
April 28th, 2014 at 11:19 a.m.
Trisha, seriously thanks! I'm a bit nit-picky about spelling, too. I guess my 2a.m. brain was a bit muddled. I'll be sure to fix that. Debby, any fabric would work on these chairs. A lighter weight fabric would be less durable and would need a layer of batting on the seat, and a heavier outdoor fabric should work just fine. The back of the chair, as well as the entire chair surface (even underneath) is spray painted.by Julia
April 28th, 2014 at 1:23 p.m.
Love what u did. I have had a project like this on the brain and u did all the figuring and hard part for me. Thanksby Amelia
April 29th, 2014 at 8:54 a.m.
Julia, these are just adorable - so fun with the gingham, chevrons and polkadots!! What a great idea!by Deonn
May 27th, 2014 at 9:05 a.m.
Sooo cute!!! Shared on my blog! http://sewingmelissa.blogspot.com/2014/06/springtime-chair-re-make.htmlby melissa
June 09th, 2014 at 9:27 p.m.


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Thank you for visiting Original Fine Art by Jennifer Koach.
Jennifer Koach is a fine artist living and working in beautiful Charleston, South Carolina. After living all over the world working as an interior designer, she settled here in Charleston and brought the talents perfected as a designer for color, composition, and problem solving to her original artwork.
Figurative Art is an every expanding series. Jennifer captures "figures" doing normal things in their individual way.
"Girly Art" series is a popular momento for girl's trips and special occasions. "Boobs and Booze" has been popular for gifts and can be commissioned.
Don't forget to look at "Homes with Attitude". Jennifer's perspective of Charleston homes reflects the personality and unique character of Charleston architecture. She can also make your home a "Home with Attitude".
Explore her ever expanding portfolio to see examples of her work.
Please don't hesitate to contact Jennifer with questions & comments or if you're interested in a custom piece.
- Check out www.womenpaintersse.blogspot.com/. I am a juried member of Women Painters of the Southeast. I am proud to join this group of talented women artists.
- New Series – Boobs and Booze – You will find it under Girly Art under my portfolio. Great gift idea for girlfriends and bridesmaid
- Join my new Facebook page!
- You can also see me work at Art Mecca on King Street, Charleston, S.C.


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