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IMF Executive Board Concludes 2010 Article IV Consultation with FijiPublic Information Notice (PIN) No. 11/35
March 14, 2011
Public Information Notices (PINs) form part of the IMF's efforts to promote transparency of the IMF's views and analysis of economic developments and policies. With the consent of the country (or countries) concerned, PINs are issued after Executive Board discussions of Article IV consultations with member countries, of its surveillance of developments at the regional level, of post-program monitoring, and of ex post assessments of member countries with longer-term program engagements. PINs are also issued after Executive Board discussions of general policy matters, unless otherwise decided by the Executive Board in a particular case.
On February 2, 2011, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation1 with Fiji on a lapse-of-time basis.2
Economic growth in Fiji has been negative or low for four years. This is in part due to the weak domestic investment climate that results from delays in structural reforms, an increase in exchange restrictions and price controls, the decline of the sugar industry, and political uncertainty. Fiji's economy contracted by 3 percent in 2009 and marginal growth is estimated for 2010. The 2010 improvement is based on tourism rebounding on the strength of regional economies and the ongoing competitive gain secured through the April 2009 devaluation. Exports and investment driven by resource extraction are showing positive signs, though growth in these areas is from a small base. Growth is projected at 1 to 2 percent over the medium term in the absence of structural reforms and other measures to improve the investment climate. Inflation is projected to fall to 3 percent over the medium term in the weak growth environment. Without fiscal consolidation and stronger growth public debt will remain high and Fiji will not have the fiscal space it needs to respond to shocks.
Foreign exchange reserves have improved steadily following the April 2009 devaluation and stood at just over 4 months of imports at end 2010. Reserves have, however, been supported by exchange restrictions. The real effective exchange rate has remained stable. After rising through mid-2010, inflation—inclusive of two electricity tariff increases—moderated to 4.0 percent (year on year) by late 2010 due to sluggish demand and steady international commodity prices. Price controls imposed on many food products since 2009 have likely contributed to low inflation.
The fiscal deficit is estimated to have fallen to 3.6 percent of GDP in 2010 from 3.9 percent of GDP in 2009. This reduction resulted from a public hiring freeze (other than for some key areas), lower-than-budgeted capital spending, and stronger-than-projected VAT receipts. The losses and mismanagement of the Fiji Sugar Corporation (FSC) have led to pressures on the budget. The deficit was financed mostly by the Fiji National Provident Fund (FNPF) as commercial banks remained near their sovereign lending limits. Central government debt at end-2010 is estimated at close to 56 percent of GDP. Contingent fiscal liabilities are estimated at 17.6 percent of GDP at end 2010 and include guarantees on bonds issued by Fiji Development Bank. On November 26, 2010, the authorities announced a 2011 budget with a deficit of 3.5 percent of GDP.3
The Reserve Bank of Fiji (RBF) relaxed interest controls in the beginning of 2010 by removing ceilings on bank lending rates (though banks still must justify deposit-lending rate spreads greater than 4 percent). In response, average deposit and lending rates rose marginally. The government re-established variable rate auctions for government securities in May 2010. Government borrowing costs have risen as banks and the FNPF can now better price risk. Banks report limited lending opportunities due to the weak investment climate, and credit growth has been modest. Banks' excess liquidity has increased to 12 percent of deposits in recent months, much of it attributable to the lack of lending and investment opportunities for banks and exchange restrictions preventing or delaying outflows.
On the structural front, the government is drawing up a detailed plan to revive the FSC and the sugar industry. A land bank has been established to increase security of land leases as part of an overall effort to encourage investment and job creation. Significant progress has been made in state-owned enterprises (SOE) reforms, including adjustments to electricity tariffs to increase cost recovery and the establishment of a water authority. A functional review of public service positions is under way, as is the adoption of a performance-based remuneration system. However, wide-spread price controls have continued and, in some cases, they have intensified in recent months.
Executive Board Assessment
On February 2, 2011, the Executive Board of the IMF concluded the Article IV consultation with Fiji and considered and endorsed the staff appraisal without a meeting.
Fiji faces difficult challenges to break away from its low growth of the past decade. There are encouraging signs of recovery, but stronger, sustained growth would require a more favorable investment climate that can materialize only through continued structural reforms and the removal of administrative controls. There are a number of downside risks to the growth outlook. Public debt and contingent liabilities are equivalent to 74 percent of GDP and limit the fiscal space Fiji should reserve to respond to frequent shocks. Volatile commodity prices, increasing reliance on tourism, risk of natural disasters and some uncertainty about external financing represent significant vulnerabilities. Investor interest is likely to remain subdued in the presence of exchange and price controls and continued political uncertainty.
The current monetary policy stance is appropriate. High excess liquidity in the banking system reflects the weak economic environment and exchange restrictions. Monetary policy should be gradually tightened if core inflation rises or a return of confidence leads to strong credit growth. Restrictions on the repatriation of profits and dividends should be relaxed to build investor confidence.
The 2011 budget deficit falls short of the effort needed to bring public debt below 50 percent of GDP in the medium term. The authorities are to be commended for the bold revenue measures in the 2011 budget. If these are complemented by ambitious civil service and public enterprise reform Fiji will move towards fiscal sustainability.
Public enterprise and FNPF reform will bolster fiscal sustainability. The fiscal risk of supporting public enterprises has been made clear by FSC. The government should move quickly to finalize the FSC restructuring plan and the company should be divested within the next three years. FNPF reforms should be completed in 2011.
Fiji should adopt a more flexible exchange rate regime to help absorb shocks and protect reserves. An appropriate first step would be to move to an exchange rate band of ±2–3 percent around the current rate. This should be supported by strong fiscal adjustment, prudent monetary policy, and continued interest rate flexibility. The independence of the RBF should be strengthened and changes to the RBF Act recommended in the recent safeguards assessment should be implemented.
Recent RBF action to strengthen bank supervision is welcome but further steps toward risk-based supervision are needed. Stress tests should be conducted and reviewed with banks more frequently and the RBF should make greater use of credit-analysis data available from large banks.
Structural reforms are necessary to spur growth and would help protect macroeconomic stability. Well-designed land reform and the removal of price controls should support investment and the diversification of economic activity. Civil service reform and adjusting tariffs for public services will help contain contingent liabilities and should increase efficiency. The social impact of redundancies and higher tariffs can be addressed through retraining programs and additional targeted social assistance. Fiji should seek support from development partners, including technical and expert advice, to help design and implement these important structural reforms, which are critical to improving the overall business environment.


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VoIP with CommuniGate Pro
Setting up your CommuniGate Pro (CGP) VoIP phone system is as simple as just installing the program. VoIP functionality is part of the base product, so there is no special configuration or licensing necessary. After you have initially downloaded and installed the platform package of your choice ( www.communigate.com/download), you simply need to start the CommuniGate Pro server. To do this, at a UNIX prompt on your server, type /etc/init.d/CommuniGate start.
Once you have the CommuniGate Pro server up and running, you need to locate the randomly generated postmaster password from the postmaster accounts settings file. For most Linux platforms, the default location is /var/CommuniGate/Accounts/postmaster.macnt/account.settings. cat this file to obtain the predefined random postmaster password.
When you have found your postmaster password, open a Web browser of your choice and connect to the CommuniGate Pro Web-Administration Interface at either of these locations (where mail.example.com is the name of your new CGP system in DNS): http://mail.example.com:8010 or https://mail.example.com:9010.
The next step is setting up users on the CGP server. To do this, in the Web-Admin Interface, select the Users tab along the top of the window. CommuniGate Pro will ask you to authenticate—do so as postmaster, with the password you obtained from the postmaster accounts settings file. Next, select the Domains, sub-tab. Select the domain name corresponding to the domain where the new user(s) will be added. Find the button labeled Create Account (Figure 1). Enter the login for a new user in the field to the right of the button. Now, click Create Account.
After the account has been created, a Settings page for this new user is displayed. Enter a Real Name for the account, as well as a password. This will be the new user's password for all client applications, such as e-mail, voice and video. Scroll down to the field labeled Aliases. In order to assign an "extension" to the new user, enter the desired extension in the Aliases field. All extensions are really just CGP aliases for an account. Finally, click the Update button located right under the Aliases field. The new user has now been provisioned and already has access to all services, by default, including VoIP.
Repeat the provisioning process above for additional users by clicking the Objects tab located near the top of the tabs. Enter the login for the next new user and so on.
Now that users are provisioned on the CGP server, the next step is to install and configure a device or service known as a VoIP-to-PSTN gateway. The function of such a device or service is to route inbound and outbound telephone calls through the gateway and convert signaling from IP to PSTN and back.
There are numerous PSTN gateway devices supported by CommuniGate Pro, including Cisco Routers with SIP module, AudioCodes Mediant, Mediatrix, VegaStream and Sipura. Also, a number of gateway services are available that CGP supports, such as VoicePulse, Voxeo and Tario.
Suppose, for example, you elect to purchase the Sipura 3000. This device provides decent quality, is well valued and supports three ports:
An analog (RJ-11) line from your telephone provider (such as SBC).
A LAN Ethernet connection (RJ-45).
A second analog (RJ-11) line for connecting a standard telephone.
Note: if you're using a PSTN device such as those listed above, you need to pay for a PSTN line to your location. The smaller devices (such as Sipura and Mediatrix) can use RJ-11 analog lines as input. The larger devices typically require a dedicated T1 PRI to your site.
To configure the Sipura 3000 to work with CGP, follow these steps:
Plug in the Sipura—power, analog line (to your wall socket) and Ethernet (to your LAN).
By default, the Sipura should get a DHCP address on your network and start its administration interface (accessible via a Web browser).
Connect to the administration interface http://IP.address.of.Sipura/admin. The default login is admin, and there is no default password (it should accept a blank password).
The Sipura 3000 uses a tabbed administration interface much like CGP. The Info tab displays the current configuration. The System tab (Figure 2) should be configured for a hostname and any other relevant information to your site (DHCP, Domain, DNS and so forth).
If you are just using the PSTN and Ethernet ports, then the only other configuration changes that need to be set are on the PSTN Line tab. These changes include the following for a very simple setup. Note that no security restrictions have been added here, so any system that can route SIP traffic to the Sipura device will be able to initiate outbound calls to the PSTN:
PSTN Line Line Enable: yes NAT Mapping Enable: no SIP Port: 5060 Proxy and Registration Proxy: cgpserver.domain.com (fill in correct host) Use Outbound Proxy: yes Outbound Proxy: cgpserver.domain.com (or IP address) Register: no Display Name: Sipura3000 Use Auth ID: no Dial Plans Dial Plan 1: S0<:email@example.com> Dial Plan 2: (xx.<:@gw0>) VoIP-to-PSTN Gateway Setup VoIP-to-PSTN Gateway Enable: yes VoIP Caller Auth Method: none One Stage Dialing: yes VoIP Caller Default DP: 2 PSTN-To-VoIP Gateway Setup PSTN-to-VoIP Gateway Enable: yes PSTN Caller Auth Method: none PSTN Caller Default DP: 1
The dial plans are required with the Sipura device to select a routing destination. Many PSTN gateway devices do not require specific dial plans, as the default VoIP-to-PSTN and PSTN-to-VoIP directions are relatively straightforward. The above dial plans should be entered exactly as listed, except for the hostname of your CommuniGate Pro server. Note too the pbx account name—if you used a different name as the pbx account on your CommuniGate Pro server, it should be used here instead. Now, all incoming calls from the PSTN line will be routed to the LAN network with a destination of this account on the CommuniGate Pro server.
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subset: commoncrawl


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I try to understand a demonstration from a book, but I have a problem with a line. We have the series $$u(x,t) = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac{g^{(k)}(t)}{(2k)!}x^{2k} \qquad (*)$$ where $$g(t) = \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \exp\left(-\frac{1}{t^2}\right) & \mbox{if } t > 0 \\ 0 & \mbox{if } t \leq 0 \end{array} \right. $$ and we try to prove that it's well defined for $x$ and $t$ real, that we can take the derivatives, and so on. We have already proved that when $t > 0$, $$\left|\frac{g^{(k)}(t)}{(2k)!}x^{2k}\right| \leq \frac{|x|^{2k}}{k!(\theta t)^k}\exp\left[-\frac{1}{2t^2}\right]$$ for some $\theta > 0$. We then have directly $$\sum_{k=0}^\infty \left|\frac{g^{(k)}(t)}{(2k)!}x^{2k}\right| \leq \exp\left[\frac{|x|^2}{\theta t} - \frac{1}{2t^2}\right]$$ So they say that, by comparison, our series $(*)$ converges and that $\lim_{t\rightarrow 0}u(x,t) = 0$, I agree on that.
Here is the point I don't understand. It's said :
"The series $(*)$ as a power series in $x$ is majorised (they say that $f$ is majorised by $F$ if the derivatives of $f$ in $0$ are less than the corresponding derivatives of $F$ in $0$) by the power series for $$U(x,t) = \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \exp\left(-\frac{x^2}{\theta t} - \frac{1}{2t^2}\right) & \mbox{if } t > 0 \\ 0 & \mbox{if } t \leq 0 \end{array} \right.$$ Since $U(x,t)$ is bounded uniformly for bounded complex $x$ and all real $t$, the series $(*)$ converges uniformly in $(x,t)$ for bounded $x$ and real $t$, and the same holds for the series obtained by the term by term $x$-differentiations."
I actually don't understand what they mean when they say that $U(x,t)$ is bounded uniformly. Do they mean that the power series of $U$ is uniformly bounded? But which series? The one with respect to $x$ ? And even with that, I don't understand how we can conclude that $(*)$ converges uniformly...
Don't hesitate to ask if something is unclear in what I said!
I hope you could help me,
Thank you in advance :)


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BREAKING NEWS: No. 2 White Rock Christian Academy has beaten the No. 3 Walnut Grove Gators for the second time in three weekends. First, it was a double-overtime win in the final of the Terry Fox Legal Beagle. On Saturday, … Continue reading
Noah de Rappard RSS
Double A Holy Cross tops No. 4 Triple A Kitsilano in final of Killarney Cougars invitational
VANCOUVER — Surrey's Holy Cross Crusaders senior boys basketball team started the season back in late November with three straight losses to teams sitting in The Province's Big 10 preseason rankings. However the Double A No. 2-ranked program didn't let … Continue reading


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Responding to Ramon Antonio Vargas' story, "New Orleans Saints opener spurs early school dismissals, office closings," reader nola32 commented:
"I'm a huge fan of the Saints but this kind of messed up. We are in an economical crises, our education system is struggling. I think we can still root for the Saints but we have to look at the big picture. And I know some are thinking it's just one day. But in one day, a student can miss a very important lesson and a business loses money. I'm kind of seeing one of the reasons why home schooling is on the rise."
Join the conversation; reply to nola32.


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Seems like just yesterday he barked his way from San Diego to Phoenix! A sweet, fiesty boy!
You are so adorable, I hope you have a wonderful birthday filled with extra love, treats & toys!!
Cathy & Zimmer
You are a gorgeous birthday boy!
You are one handsome bully.
time sure does fly by
Deborah & the NC gang
happy,happy birthday sweet,sweet boy...hope you get lots of treats and presies!
smoochies the scrunchy face
cute that he barked his way allll the way to his new home! :-) He's sooo ador-a-bull !!!
Our sweet Archimedes "MEATY" Bones (or as we say...boneSHHH!) ---born 11/28/08---- our first bullllyyyy!!!
And SOPHIE Bubbles *Rapscallion* (LOL!) ---born 4/3/11----our second bulllllyyyy!!!!
Sophie's very first day home with us....awwww........May 2011.......tooo sweet for words!!!
Hope you have a great Birthday an you get all the presents an treats you can handle........lol
lots of hugs an belly rubs your way.
Cory & Penelope


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Don Everly has released a statement on the loss of his younger brother and singing partner Phil Everly, who passed away Jan. 3 of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at age 74.
According to an article posted Jan. 4 at Billboard.com, the eldest brother and lead singer of the legendary Grammy-winning vocal duo had a premonition of his harmonizing sibling's passing just before receiving the news.
The 1986 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee wrote in a statement, "I loved my brother very much. I always thought I'd be the one to go first. I was listening to one of my favorite songs that Phil wrote and had an extreme emotional moment just before I got the news of his passing. I took that as a special spiritual message from Phil saying good-bye."
Remarking on their much infamous breakup in 1973, Everly adds, "Our love was and will always be deeper than any earthly differences we might have had. The world might be mourning an Everly Brother, but I'm mourning my brother Phil Everly."
One of the biggest and influential singing groups of the 50 and early 60s, the sibling duo scored 15 Top 10 hits between 1957 and 1962, including: "Wake Up Little Susie," "Bye Bye Love," All I Have to Do Is Dream," as well as "When Will I Be Loved" and have been cited as major influences by The Beatles, Simon & Garfunkel along with a host of other vocal artists.
The Everly Brothers' last high-profile concerts together took place a decade ago, when they reunited to team with Simon & Garfunkel on their Old Friends Tour.
Did you know? Rolling Stone magazine called The Everly Brothers "the most important vocal duo in rock."


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"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease." has been saved, and will be accessible from the My NGC page.
Go to My NGC
Alert me when this guideline summary is updated.
This is the current release of the guideline.
This guideline updates a previous version: K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines on hypertension and antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2004 May;43(5 Suppl 1):S1-290.
The Work Group sought to build on the evidence base from the previous KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hypertension and Antihypertensive Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease. As the first search for the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guideline was conducted in July 2002, the search for the current KDIGO Guideline included publications since January 2002. Search strategies were developed by the Evidence Review Team (ERT) with input from the Work Group. The text words or medical subject headings (MeSH) that were included are provided in Supplementary Appendix 1 online (see the "Availability of Companion Documents" field). Non-human studies and those focusing on dialysis, pregnancy, neonates, malignant hypertension, acute kidney injury, or drug pharmacology were excluded.
The MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched by the ERT to capture all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of blood pressure (BP)-lowering agents in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The first search was conducted in November 2009 and was subsequently updated in April and August of 2010; the final update was done in January 2011. Additional focused searches were conducted to identify RCTs evaluating lifestyle interventions of salt restriction, weight loss, and diet and exercise in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to look for reviews of adverse effects of anti-hypertensive agents. The ERT relied on Work Group members to identify large, general population RCTs reporting on subgroup analyses based on CKD, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or proteinuria status. Additional pertinent articles were added from the reference lists of Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) and relevant meta-analyses and systematic reviews (see Table 7 in the original guideline document). The search yield was also supplemented by articles provided by Work Group members through February 2012.
A total of 10,657 citations were initially screened. Journal articles reporting original data, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews were selected for evidence review. Editorials, letters, abstracts, unpublished reports, and articles published in non–peer-reviewed journals were not included. The Work Group also decided to exclude publications from journal supplements because of potential differences in the process of how they get solicited, selected, reviewed, and edited compared to peer-reviewed publications. Post hoc analyses were also excluded, however, after discussion with the Work Group, it was decided that exception would be made for post-trial observational follow-up reports from RCTs looking at BP targets as BP interventions may take longer time to influence outcomes. These studies were downgraded one level to designate that they are of lesser quality than the original RCT.
Limitations of Approach
Although the literature searches were intended to be comprehensive, they were not exhaustive. MEDLINE was the only database searched. Hand searches of journals were not performed, and review articles and textbook chapters were not systematically searched. However, important studies known to domain experts that were missed by the electronic literature searches were added to retrieved articles and reviewed by the Work Group.
A total of 10,657 citations were initially screened, and 247 articles were retrieved. Data extraction was performed on 55 studies. The overall search yield along with the number of abstracts identified and articles reviewed for each topic are presented in Table 8 of the original guideline document.
Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) System for Grading Quality of Evidence for an Outcome
aStrong evidence of association is defined as 'significant relative risk (RR) of >2 (<0.5)' based on consistent evidence from two or more observational studies, with no plausible confounders.
bVery strong evidence of association is defined as 'significant RR of >5 (<0.2)' based on direct evidence with no major threats to validity.
cSparse if there is only one study or if total N <100. Imprecise if there is a low event rate (0 or 1 event) in either arm or confidence interval spanning a range <0.5 to >2.0.
Adapted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Kidney International. Uhlig et al. Grading evidence and recommendations for clinical practice guidelines in nephrology. A position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney Int 2006; 70: 2058–2065.
Final Grade for Overall Quality of Evidence
Data Extraction
Data extraction was done by the Evidence Review Team (ERT). The ERT, in consultation with the Work Group, designed forms to capture data on design, methodology, sample characteristics, interventions, comparators, outcomes, results, and limitations of individual studies. Methodology and outcomes were also systematically graded (see the section on grading below) and recorded during the data extraction process.
Summary Tables
Summary tables were developed for each comparison of interest (see Table 9 in the original guideline document). Studies included in the evidence base for the KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hypertension and Antihypertensive Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease were also incorporated if they fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the current Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Guideline.
Summary tables contain outcomes of interest, relevant population characteristics, description of intervention and comparator, results, and quality grading for each outcome. Categorical and continuous outcomes were summarized separately. Studies done exclusively in patients of a single race or ethnicity and studies reporting effect modifications by baseline urine protein level were annotated. Studies were also categorized by baseline proteinuria status in summary tables for the chronic kidney disease (CKD) with diabetes mellitus topic.
For studies not exclusively examining CKD population, only those reporting analysis by CKD subgroups were tabulated. Studies including both diabetes mellitus and non-diabetes mellitus populations were included in summary tables for the CKD without diabetes mellitus topic unless results of subgroup analysis by diabetes mellitus status was provided.
Work Group members proofed all summary table data and quality assessments. Summary tables are available at www.kdigo.org (see the "Availability of Companion Documents" field).
Evidence Profiles
Evidence profiles were constructed to assess the quality and record quality grades and descriptions of effect for each outcome across studies, as well as the quality of overall evidence and description of net benefits or harms of the intervention or comparator across all outcomes. These profiles aim to make the evidence synthesis process transparent. Decisions in the evidence profiles were based on data from the primary studies listed in corresponding summary tables and on judgments of the ERT and the Work Group. When the body of evidence for a particular comparison of interest consisted of only one study, the summary table provided the final level of synthesis and an evidence profile was not generated. Evidence profiles were also not created for studies that did not exclusively examine CKD population. Each evidence profile was initially constructed by the ERT and then reviewed, edited, and approved by the Work Group. The work products created by the ERT for summarizing the evidence base are listed in Table 9 in the original guideline document.
Grading of Quality of Evidence for Outcomes of Individual Studies
Methodological Quality
Methodological quality (internal validity) refers to the design, conduct, and reporting of outcomes of a clinical study. A previously devised three-level classification system for quality assessment was used to grade the overall study quality and quality of all relevant outcomes in the study (see Table 10 in the original guideline document). Variations of this system have been used in most Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) and all KDIGO guidelines and have been recommended for the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center program.
Each study was given an overall quality grade based on its design, methodology (randomization, allocation, blinding, definition of outcomes, appropriate use of statistical methods, etc.), conduct (dropout percentage, outcome assessment methodologies, etc.) and reporting (internal consistency, clarity, thoroughness and precision, etc.). Each reported outcome was then evaluated and given an individual grade depending on the quality of reporting and methodological issues specific to that outcome. However, the quality grade of an individual outcome could not exceed the quality grade for the overall study.
Grading the Quality of Evidence and the Strength of a Guideline Recommendation
A structured approach, based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and facilitated by the use of evidence profiles was used to grade the quality of the overall evidence and the strength of recommendations. For each topic, the discussion on grading of the quality of the evidence was led by the ERT. The 'quality of a body of evidence' refers to the extent to which confidence in an estimate of effect is sufficient to support a particular recommendation.
Grading the Quality of Evidence for Each Outcome across Studies
Following GRADE, the quality of a body of evidence pertaining to a particular outcome of interest was initially categorized on the basis of study design. For questions of interventions, the initial quality grade was 'High' if the body of evidence consisted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 'Low' if it consisted of observational studies, and 'Very Low' if it consisted of studies of other study designs. For questions of interventions, the Work Group decided to use only RCTs. The grade for the quality of evidence for each intervention–outcome pair was then lowered if there were serious limitations to the methodological quality of the aggregate of studies, if there were important inconsistencies in the results across studies, if there was uncertainty about the directness of evidence including limited applicability of the findings to the population of interest, if the data were imprecise (a low event rate in either arm or a confidence interval [CI] spanning a range >1) or sparse (only 1 study or total N <500), or if there was thought to be a high likelihood of bias. The final grade for the quality of the evidence for an intervention–outcome pair could be one of the following four grades: 'High', 'Moderate', 'Low' or 'Very Low' (see "Rating Scheme for the Strength of the Evidence" field).
Grading the Overall Quality of Evidence
The quality of the overall body of evidence was then determined on the basis of the quality grades for all outcomes of interest, taking into account explicit judgments about the relative importance of each outcome. The resulting four final categories for the quality of overall evidence were: 'A', 'B', 'C', or 'D' (see the "Rating Scheme for the Strength of the Evidence" field).
See the original guideline document for additional discussion of assessment of net health benefit across all important clinical outcomes, ungraded statements, and the format for guideline recommendations.
Overview of Process
The Work Group, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Co-Chairs, Evidence Review Team (ERT), and KDIGO support staff met for three 2-day meetings for training in the guideline development process, topic discussion, and consensus development.
Commissioning of Work Group and ERT
The KDIGO Co-Chairs appointed the Work Group Co-Chairs, who then assembled the Work Group of domain experts, including individuals with expertise in internal medicine, adult and pediatric nephrology, cardiology, hypertension, pharmacology, epidemiology, and endocrinology. The Tufts Center for Kidney Disease Guideline Development and Implementation at Tufts Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, was contracted to conduct systematic evidence review and provide expertise in guideline development methodology. The ERT consisted of physician–methodologists with expertise in nephrology, a project coordinator and manager, and a research assistant. The ERT instructed and advised Work Group members in all steps of literature review, critical literature appraisal, and guideline development. The Work Group and the ERT collaborated closely throughout the project.
Defining Scope and Topics
The Work Group Co-Chairs first defined the overall scope and goals of the guideline and then drafted a preliminary list of topics and key clinical questions. The Work Group and ERT further developed and refined each topic and specified screening criteria, literature search strategies, and data extraction forms (see Table 5 in the original guideline document).
Given the lack of robust evidence, the Work Group decided not to make guideline recommendations for patients with kidney failure (CKD 5D). The Work Group decided instead to refer readers to the KDIGO Controversies Conference paper on this topic.
Establishing the Process for Guideline Development
The ERT performed literature searches and organized abstract and article screening. The ERT also coordinated the methodological and analytical processes and defined and standardized the methodology for performing literature searches, data extraction, and summarizing the evidence. Throughout the project, the ERT offered suggestions for guideline development and led discussions on systematic review, literature searches, data extraction, assessment of quality and applicability of articles, evidence synthesis, grading of evidence and guideline recommendations, and consensus development. The Work Group took the primary role of writing the recommendation statements and rationale and retained final responsibility for their content.
The Work Group Co-Chairs prepared the first draft of the scope of work document as a series of open-ended questions to be considered by Work Group members. At their first 2-day meeting, members added further questions until the initial working document included all topics of interest to the Work Group. The inclusive, combined set of questions formed the basis for the deliberation and discussion that followed. The Work Group strove to ensure that all topics deemed clinically relevant and worthy of review were identified and addressed.
Formulating Questions of Interest
Questions of interest were formulated according to the PICODD (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, study Design and Duration of follow-up) criteria. Details of the criteria are presented in Table 5 in the original guideline document.
Ranking of Outcomes
The Work Group ranked outcomes of interest on the basis of their importance for informing clinical decision making (see Table 6 in the original guideline document). Doubling of serum creatinine (SCr) level or halving of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was upgraded from 'high' to 'critical' importance in studies where the baseline GFR was < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (or the SCr was >2 mg/dl [>177µmol/l]), given the known adverse consequences of advanced CKD.
A structured approach, based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and facilitated by the use of evidence profiles was used to grade the quality of the overall evidence and the strength of recommendations. For each topic, the discussion regarding the strength of the recommendations was led by the Work Group Co-Chairs.
The 'strength of a recommendation' indicates the extent to which one can be confident that adherence to the recommendation will do more good than harm.
Nomenclature and Description for Grading Recommendations
aThe additional category 'Not Graded' was used, typically, to provide guidance based on common sense or where the topic does not allow adequate application of evidence. The most common examples include recommendations regarding monitoring intervals, counseling, and referral to other clinical specialists. The ungraded recommendations are generally written as simple declarative statements, but are not meant to be interpreted as being stronger recommendations than Level 1 or 2 recommendations.
A formal cost analysis was not performed and published cost analyses were not reviewed.
The guideline draft was sent for peer review to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Board of Directors in December 2010 and for public review in July 2011.
Review of Guideline Development Process
Several tools and checklists have been developed to assess the quality of the methodological process for guideline development. These include the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) criteria, the Conference on Guideline Standardization (COGS) checklist, and the Institute of Medicine's recent Standards for Systematic Reviews, and Clinical Practice Guidelines We Can Trust. Table 17 in the original guideline document and Supplementary Appendix 2 online (see the "Availability of Companion Documents" field) show, respectively, the COGS criteria and the Institute of Medicine standards, and how each one of them is addressed in this Guideline.
Comparison with Other Guidelines
The Work group tabulated recommendations from other key English-language guidelines pertinent to the use of blood-pressure lowering agents in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (see Table 16 in the original guideline document). This served to inform topic selection and scope. Also, after recommendations had been drafted, the Work Group reviewed them in the context of the existing guideline recommendations to avoid unnecessary or unwarranted discrepancies.
Definitions of the strength of recommendation (Level 1, Level 2, or Not Graded) and the quality of the supporting evidence (A-D) are provided at the end of the "Major Recommendations" field.
Lifestyle and Pharmacological Treatments for Lowering Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Non-dialysis-Dependent (ND) Patients
General Strategies
Lifestyle Modification
Blood Pressure Management in CKD ND Patients without Diabetes Mellitus
*Approximate equivalents for albumin excretion rate per 24 hours—expressed as protein excretion rate per 24 hours, albumin/creatinine ratio, protein/creatinine ratio, and protein reagent strip results—are given in Table 1, Chapter 1 in the original guideline document.
Blood Pressure Management in CKD ND Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Blood Pressure Management in Kidney Transplant Recipients (Non–dialysis-Dependent CKD of Any Stage with a Kidney Transplant [CKD T])
Blood Pressure Management in Children with CKD ND
Blood Pressure Management in Elderly Persons with CKD ND
None provided
The type of supporting evidence is identified and graded for each recommendation (see the "Major Recommendations" field).
Appropriate management of blood pressure in patients with chronic kidney disease
Potential adverse effects generic to treatment used to lower blood pressure include decreases in cerebral perfusion (contributing to dizziness, confusion and falls) and acute deterioration in kidney function
Specific side effects of medications, of combinations of medications, and in specific populations are provided in Chapters 3-8, in summary tables and evidence profiles, and discussed in the rationale for each guideline statement in the original guideline document.
Use of the Clinical Practice Guideline
This Clinical Practice Guideline document is based upon systematic literature searches last conducted in January 2011, supplemented with additional evidence through February 2012. It is designed to provide information and assist decision making. It is not intended to define a standard of care, and should not be construed as one, nor should it be interpreted as prescribing an exclusive course of management. Variations in practice will inevitably and appropriately occur when clinicians take into account the needs of individual patients, available resources, and limitations unique to an institution or type of practice. Every health-care professional making use of these recommendations is responsible for evaluating the appropriateness of applying them in any particular clinical situation. The recommendations for research contained within this document are general and do not imply a specific protocol.
In children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is a dearth of randomized controlled trials; in fact, the recommendations in this chapter are largely based on a single trial, ESCAPE, which limits the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations. The ESCAPE trial was performed in a predominantly Caucasian population. Therefore, the generalization of these findings to other populations is uncertain.
An implementation strategy was not provided.
Not applicable: The guideline was not adapted from another source.
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) is supported by the following consortium of sponsors: Abbott, Amgen, Bayer Schering Pharma, Belo Foundation, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Coca-Cola Company, Dole Food Company, Fresenius Medical Care, Genzyme, Hoffmann-LaRoche, JC Penney, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, NATCO—The Organization for Transplant Professionals, NKF-Board of Directors, Novartis, Pharmacosmos, PUMC Pharmaceutical, Robert and Jane Cizik Foundation, Shire, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Transwestern Commercial Services, Vifor Pharma, and Wyeth. No funding is accepted for the development or reporting of specific guidelines. All stakeholders could participate in open review.
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Blood Pressure Work Group
Work Group Co-Chairs: Gavin J Becker, MD, FRACP, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; David C Wheeler, MD, FRCP, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Work Group Members: Dick de Zeeuw, MD, PhD, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Toshiro Fujita, MD, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Susan L Furth, MD, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Hallvard Holdaas, MD, PhD, Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Shanthi Mendis, MBBS, MD, FRCP, FACC, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; Suzanne Oparil, MD, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA; Vlado Perkovic, MBBS, FRACP, FASN, PhD, George Institute for International Health, Sydney, Australia; Cibele Isaac Saad Rodrigues, MD, PhD, Catholic University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Mark J Sarnak, MD, MS, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Guntram Schernthaner, MD, Rudolfstiftung Hospital, Vienna, Austria; Charles R V Tomson, DM, FRCP, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom; Carmine Zoccali, MD, CNR-IBIM Clinical Research Unit, Ospedali Riuniti, Reggio Calabria, Italy
Evidence Review Team Members: Tufts Center for Kidney Disease Guideline Development and Implementation, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA: Katrin Uhlig, MD, MS, Project Director, Director, Guideline Development; Ashish Upadhyay, MD, Assistant Project Director; Amy Earley, BS, Project Coordinator; Shana Haynes, MS, DHSc, Research Assistant; Jenny Lamont, MS, Project Manager
In addition, support and supervision were provided by: Ethan M Balk, MD, MPH, Program Director, Evidence Based Medicine
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) makes every effort to avoid any actual or reasonably perceived conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or business interest of a member of the Work Group. All members of the Work Group are required to complete, sign, and submit a disclosure and attestation form showing all such relationships that might be perceived or actual conflicts of interest. This document is updated annually and information is adjusted accordingly. All reported information is published in its entirety at the end of the original guideline document in the Work Group members' Biographic and Disclosure Information section, and is kept on file at the National Kidney Foundation (NKF), Managing Agent for KDIGO.
Electronic copies of the guideline: Available from the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Web site .
The following are available:
None available
This NGC summary was completed by ECRI on February 23, 2005. This NGC summary was updated by ECRI Institute on April 1, 2013.
Copyright © 2012 by KDIGO. All rights reserved.
Single photocopies may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright laws. Special rates are available for educational institutions that wish to make photocopies for non-profit educational use. No part of this publication may be reproduced, amended, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without explicit permission in writing from KDIGO. Details on how to seek permission for reproduction or translation, and further information about KDIGO's permissions policies can be obtained by contacting Anita Viliusis, KDIGO Permissions Manager, at email@example.com.
The National Guideline Clearinghouse™ (NGC) does not develop, produce, approve, or endorse the guidelines represented on this site.
All guidelines summarized by NGC and hosted on our site are produced under the auspices of medical specialty societies, relevant professional associations, public or private organizations, other government agencies, health care organizations or plans, and similar entities.
Guidelines represented on the NGC Web site are submitted by guideline developers, and are screened solely to determine that they meet the NGC Inclusion Criteria which may be found at http://www.guideline.gov/about/inclusion-criteria.aspx.
NGC, AHRQ, and its contractor ECRI Institute make no warranties concerning the content or clinical efficacy or effectiveness of the clinical practice guidelines and related materials represented on this site. Moreover, the views and opinions of developers or authors of guidelines represented on this site do not necessarily state or reflect those of NGC, AHRQ, or its contractor ECRI Institute, and inclusion or hosting of guidelines in NGC may not be used for advertising or commercial endorsement purposes.
Readers with questions regarding guideline content are directed to contact the guideline developer.
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When I was 10 years old growing up in La Coruna, northwest Spain, I used to spend a lot of time in my friend's house and I used to watch her mother crochet. I loved the things she made and asked her if she could teach me. She did and I've never stopped since. What a wonderful gift! Will never forget her kindness.
Aquamarine Bracelet
Market Bag
Large Amish Square Afghan
Blue Crocheted Necklace ...
Wire and Beads Crocheted ...
Wire and BeadsChunky ...
Crochet Wire Earrings
Cuff Bracelet
Crochet Wire Leaf ...
Crochet Wire Bracelet
Amish Square blanket
Rose Garland Doily
Fresh Christmas Garland
Granny Square Vest Top
Crocheted Tablecloth
Amigurumi Lion
Amigurumi Owl
Amigurumi Mermaid
Doily Venecia
Chunky Hat
Samantha the Swan
Assorted Star Doilies
Octavia the Octopus
Red Star Doily
Oscar,The Amigurumi Dog
Red Doily
Hexagon Hat
Scallop Doily
Wheelbarrow doily
Star Doily
Gill The Giraffe
Table Top
Light and Shade Table Top
Amigurumi Alien
Amigurumi 'rainbow' fish
Fins The Fish
Amigurumi Crab
Hexagon Blanket
Baby hat
Filet Flower Top
Heart Birthday Card
Amigurumi Snail
Treble square amish ...
Waves-A-Head Hat
Squared circle skinny ...
Christmas Tree Card
Winter Fishing Hat
Christmas cards
All my baby hats for ...
Kaps for Kendall
Take Craftsy with you!
Craftsy Apps for iOS and Android. Read more »


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Alumni Spotlight: Brian Miller, MEd '01, MBA '13
Alison Juram D'Addieco -
September 23, 2013
"Attending Carlow was clearly one of the best decisions I ever made. I would definitely recommend Carlow for graduate studies." –Brian Miller, MEd, MBA, EdD, Superintendent, Pine-Richland School District
Brian Miller "grew up in school." His father, Robert, taught and coached volleyball at his North Allegheny alma mater where his mother, Margaret, was a school nurse.
"Education was something I was interested in very early," says Miller. "I always knew I wanted to teach."
In July 2013, Miller accepted a position as superintendent of Pine-Richland School District. He says the leadership skills he learned at Carlow helped him achieve his goals.
Early in his teaching career, when Miller made plans to pursue a master's degree, he chose Carlow—a move he calls "one of the best decisions I ever made."
"The quality of courses was very high, the resources were excellent, and the professors were responsive," he recalls of the Master of Education in Educational Leadership program. "It was very professional."
Miller returned a second time to Carlow, where he recently completed his
. He says his decision was based not only upon an incredible first experience, but also because of the flexibility of the online MBA program.
Today, Miller makes time to continue the educational conversation outside of work, writing articles on topics such as STEM education, data-driven school home communication, and the use of principal performance surveys for publications like
The Pennsylvania Administrator
"As practitioners," he says, "we should feel a responsibility to keep writing, outside of working within a school district. I have a real desire to be part of the broader conversation."


text: Aug 18, 2014 08:59 Initial La. unemployment claims drop Initial La. unemployment claims drop The Associated Press Aug. 8, 2014; 6:50 p.m. Comments First-time claims for unemployment insurance in Louisiana for the week ending Aug. 2 decreased to 2,293 from the previous week's total of 2,312. The state labor department figures released Friday show initial claims for the comparable week a year earlier totaled 2,844. The four-week moving average, which is a less volatile measure of claims, decreased to 2,533 from the previous week's total of 2,535. Continued unemployment claims for the week ending Aug. 2 decreased to 23,204 compared to 23,406 the previous week. The four-week moving average for such claims increased to 23,197 from the previous week's average of 23,014. Get The Advocate in your inbox Subscribe


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'Dogs Start Season in Kajikawa Classic in Tempe
Fresno State faces three NCAA Tournament returnees among its five opening weekend tilts.
`Dogs Reflect Upon Busy Fall; Point to Another Successful Spring Slate
Head Coach Trisha Ford and the 'Dogs return a bulk of the talent from last year's MW runner-up squad.
Six Bulldogs Pegged NFCA Scholar-Athletes
Academic All-District vets Ortiz and Runge are honored with Green, Harris, Megee and Langdon for their +3.50 GPA's.
71 Bulldogs Named 2012-13 MW Scholar Athletes
A total of 71 Fresno State student-athletes were honored as part of a league-record 623 Mountain West scholar athletes.
Bulldogs Help Strikeout Cancer
Fresno State softball is sponsoring Strikeout Cancer this weekend against Boise State.
2010 Diamond Club Luncheon
The 2010 Diamond Club Meet the Team event at TorNino's.
Last updated on June 21, 2013
Fresno State Accolades
2013 CoSIDA Academic All-District
2013 Academic All-Mountain West
2009-10 National FastPitch Coaches Association Scholar-Athlete
4x President's List
3x Dean's List
2013 (SENIOR): Named 2013 CoSIDA Academic All-District ... earned Academic All-Mountain West honors ... started every game as either designated player or in left field ... hit .310 on the season with 49 hits ... recorded four doubles, two triples and her first career home run ... totaled nine RBI, 15 walks and 30 runs scored ... stole 12 bases, which was third most on the team ... recorded 11 multi-hit games and one multi-RBI game ... reached base in 11 consecutive games ... recorded a season best three hits against Cal Poly and Nevada ... tallied 53 put outs and two assists.
2012 (JUNIOR): Played in 36 games ... made three starts in right field, used as a pinch runner in 32 games and as a pinch hitter once on April 6 vs. Utah State when she singled ... scored nine runs on the year ... was 1-for-5 at the plate.
2011 (SOPHOMORE): Played in 37 games, making seven starts (three in right field, three as the designated player and one in center field) ... had seven hits and two RBI ... scored 14 runs on the year ... was a perfect 4-for-4 on stolen-base attempts ... scored two runs in two different games - first at Utah State on April 23 when she was 2-for-5 at the plate wtih an RBI in a 16-12 win and then again on April 30 in the final game of the series against Boise State.
2010 (FRESHMAN): In her first three semesters at Fresno State, she recorded a perfect 4.0 grade point average ... earned 12 starts and played in 37 games as an outfielder and pinch runner ... scored eight runs and registered seven hits including one double ... made 37 plate appearances ... drove in four RBI and drew three walks ... recorded 15 put outs and two defensive assists with no errors ... one of two Bulldogs with a perfect 1.000 fielding percentage ... honored as three-time member of the university's President's List and Dean's List ... a 2009-10 National Fastpitch Coaches Association Scholar-Athlete.
HIGH SCHOOL: A four-year varsity letterwinner in the outfield at BHS ... was a member of the 2009 valley championship team in the Tri River Athletic Conference ... named first-team all-league in 2009 ... hit .388 with a .425 on-base percentage, .429 slugging percentage and a .912 field percentage while scoring 28 runs and stealing 13 bases without getting caught ... a member of the Fresno Force 18 Gold summer travel team coached by former Bulldog Randi Berg ...a member of the National Honor Society, California Scholarship Federation, Principals and Honor Roll and captain of senior powderpuff team.
PERSONAL: Born Oct. 23, 1990 ... parents are Misako and Michael Runge ... has a younger brother, Shota, who is a member of the Bulldog baseball team and a younger sister, Kae ... hobbies include reading, running, spending time with her family, playing with her dogs and shopping ... lists favorite athlete as Jacoby Ellsbury because he's fast and a smart athlete who plays for her favorite team, the Boston Red Sox ... admires her parents the most because they devote all their available time to help her siblings and her succeed in school and sports ... chose to attend Fresno State because getting recruited and staying close to home were important to her.
Diane Runge Career Stats
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Mu Ko Chang National Park is a collection of over 40 large and small islands. The island chain is situated in the Gulf of Thailand approximately 8 km. from the coast of Trat province. The main island Ko Chang is the third largest island in Thailand after Phuket and Samui and measures nearly 30km long and almost 14 km wide. The other main islands in the group are; Ko Chang Noi, Ko Khlum, Ko Wai, Ko Lao Ya, Ko Mai Si and Ko Rang. The park received status as a national park on 31st December 1982 to become the 45th national park in Thailand. The park covers a total area of 650 km.2 of which about 458 km.2 or 70 % is marine.
Mu Ko Chang National Park is located in the southeastern region of Thailand close to the border with Cambodia. The island runs parallel to the coast and appears very mountainous from
the shore due to the mountain ridge which runs the length of the island. The ridge is composed of several summits the tallest of which are Khao Lan, Khao Chom Prasat, Khao Khlong
Mayom, Khao Salak Phet and Khao Yai, which is the highest peak reaching 743m above sea level. The rock of the island is mainly Granitic and dates from approximately around 200 million years ago. The geology produces a very mountainous island, but with rounded slopes rather than sheer cliffs.
The island of Ko Chang has many streams and rivers which are fed by the rainfall collected on the mountainous slopes of the island. Due to the great amount of rainfall here these streams are very clean and supply water all year round. The principle streams on the island are Khlong Son, Khlong Mayom, Khlong Khangkhao, Khlong Bang Bao, Khlong Phrao, Khlong Nonsi and Khlong Chaiyachet. This mix of mountains and streams produces some very beautiful waterfalls the most notable of which are Than Mayom, Khlong Phlu, Khlong Nonsi, Khiri Phet
and Khlong Nung Waterfalls.
Rainy season starts from May to October. It's the time of the southwest monsoon while dry season starts from November to February. Dry season is the time of northwest monsoon that cools the temperature down. Summer starts from March to April. In this season, the sun passes the equator above the wind. The weather is hot, especially in April.
The mountain slopes are covered by dense Tropical Evergreen Forest which due to the historically low level of habitation on the island is largely undisturbed (until recently when more people move here) The principle tree species present include Dipterocarpus alatus, D. turbinatus, Anisoptera costata, Hopea odorata, Irvingia malayana, Podocarpus neriifolius, Diospyrosspp., Castanopsis spp., Croton spp., Oncosperma horrida, Caryota mitis., Daemonorops spp., Korthalsia grandis, Bauhinia bracteata, Freycinetia sumatrana, Platycerium coronarium, Amomum spp., Boesenbergia pandurata and Kaempferia pulchra. Around the villages of Salak Phet, Salak Khok, Khlong Son and Khlong Phrao Bay are areas of Beach Forest. The dominant tree species here are Terminalia catappa, Calophyllum inophyllum, Melaleuca leucadendra, Eugenia grandis, E. spicata, and Pandanus odoratissimus. In the more sheltered spots, especially where freshwater enters the sea to produce brackish water, fairly large areas of Mangrove Forest exist. These mangrove forests consists of a combination of tree species including Rhizophora mucronata, R. apiculata, Ceriops decandra, C. tagal, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. parviflora, Avicennia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, X. moluccensis, Hibiscus tiliaceus and Cerbera odollum.
Wildlife surveys undertaken in 1992 recorded 29 species present within the national park. Animals seen included; Wild pig, Barking deer, Slow loris, Stump-tailed macaque, Silvered langur, Eastern mole, Small Indian civet, Javan mongoose plus several species of Bats, Squirrels, Rats and Mice. The bird list for the park currently numbers 74 species of which 61 are resident. More common sightings include Pacific reef-egret,
Yellow-vented bulbul, Nightjar, Pacific swallow, White-breasted waterhen, Green imperial pigeon and Oriental pied hornbill. Migratory visitors
to the islands include Little heron, Greater sand-plover, White-winged tern, Brown noddy, Black-naped oriole, Pale-legged leaf warbler, Artic warbler and Barn swallow. Two common breeding visitors to the islands are the Blue-winged pitta and the Hooded pitta, both of which have very distinctive whistling calls often heard early in the morning and in the evening. Commonly seen passage migrants include Blue-throated flycatcher, Blue-and-white flycatcher and the Eastern-crowned warbler. The survey team discovered 42 species of reptiles and amphibians.
More commonly seen of which are; Malayan mud turtle, Indian monitor lizard, Water monitor lizard, White-face blue garden lizard, Tokay gecko, East indian brown sided grass skink, Python, Racer, Rat snake, King cobra, Common asiatic toad, Green ricefield frog, Common tree frog, Bulter's chorus frog and Rugosed frog. An endemic species found here and nowhere else is the aptly named Kohchang frog ( Rana kohchangae).
Ko Chang islands are situated a long way away from any mainland rivers and thus the water around the islands is very clear and free from sediment. Thus the beaches are of clean white sand with crystal clear seawater and rich marine life. In the sheltered locations coral reefs occur with numerous coral types such as Massive coral, Staghorn coral, Laminar coral, Columna coral, Giant clams, Sea anemone, Sea fan, Sea star, Marine fishes and seaweeds. This marine diversity can be observed at many locations around the park, particularly good sites include Ko Chang noi, Ko Yuak, Ko Man Nok, Ko Khlum, Ko Wai, Ko Lao Ya, Ko Ngam, Ko Rang, Ko Kra, and along the eastern side of Ko Chang island. Another good place to explore the marine life is around the wrecks of the Thai warships "Songkhla" and "Chonburi" in Salak Phet bay on the southern end of the island.


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Sterling Regional MedCenter physician gives essential info on heart disease
STERLING, Colo. (Feb. 5, 2013) – To celebrate National Heart Month, a Banner Health cardiologist will share five things people need to know about heart disease to stay healthy.
John Drury, MD, will talk Thursday, Feb. 28 at 5:30 p.m. at Sterling Regional MedCenter, 615 Fairhurst St., in the Logan/Pawnee Conference Rooms.
To reserve your seat at this free event, call (800) 230-CARE (2273). For more information about Sterling Regional MedCenter, visit www.bannerhealth.com/Sterling.
Sterling Regional MedCenter has provided outstanding medical care to residents of northeastern Colorado and the surrounding area since 1938. We are a 25-bed acute-care hospital with state-of-the-art technology, a full range of health care services, and a staff dedicated to providing our patients with excellent care. We are also home to the David Walsh Cancer Center, which offers an unprecedented level of cancer care to northeastern Colorado residents.
Headquartered in Phoenix, Banner Health is one of the largest, nonprofit health care systems in the country. The system manages 23 acute-care hospitals, the Banner Health Network and Banner Medical Group, long-term care centers, outpatient surgery centers and an array of other services including family clinics, home care and hospice services, and a nursing registry. Banner Health is in seven states: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada and Wyoming


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Modern Coffee Tables, End Tables, Side Tables, Console Tables and Nightstands: Accent your room with modern tables by PureModern. Glass consoles, eco friendly tables, and Funky designs by MuNiMula are all available for quick shipping. Looking for a one of a kind piece? Check out our exclusive District8 Collection - furniture made from the hulls of sunken ships and reclaimed steel.
The Abbott Coffee Table is a perfect addition to furniture and décor with a modern industrial, urban or traditional style. This unique model is designed to be used as a coffee or occasional table, and is available in walnut and brass. This table comes with a brushed stainless steel frame with brass finishing. Specifications Available Finishes / Color: Walnut | Brass Dimensions 47.3L x 23.8W x 15.8H inches / 53lbs...
The Abraham Coffee Table boasts a stylish design that will make it a great addition to your home. Choose this gorgeous coffee or occasional table to give a modern flair to your interior. This table will fit into areas of the home with contemporary style. It is made of brushed stainless steel, and features a tempered glass top. This model is available in black and gold. Specifications Available Finishes /...
Clear glass beautifully hosts orchids, dignified coffee table books, or your morning mug of coffee. The Acevedo Coffee Table is made of tempered glass with a smooth design. Fits seamlessly into any decor.SpecificationFinish: Tempered GlassDimensions39.6L x 39.6W x 14.7H inches / 94 lbsNo Assembly RequiredShips within 2-3 days
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Kiss your productivity goodbye with the deep, plush cushions of the Cortez series. You wont ever want to leave the cozy embrace of this sets chair and sofa. Plus, the coffee table will keep your snacks nearby. Pieces sold separately.SpecificationCover: Tempered GlassFinish: Aluminum FrameDimensions23.6L x 39.4W x 16.5H inches / 40 lbsAssembly RequiredShips within 2-3 days
Add a contemporary cosmopolitan style to your space with the allure of this sleek coffee table. A perched square glass top rests on a modern and geometric chrome base for a unique look. This piece blends beautifully into a variety of decors as an end or coffee table.Dimensions34.5L x 34.5W x 12.8H inches / 53 lbsShips within 3-5 days
The Crenshaw Coffee Table is made of polished stainless steel for a modern look. This elegant piece can be used as both a coffee or occasional table, and will accentuate any room with a minimalist or contemporary style. This model features a round shape and has two legs. It is available in silver, gold or black, and also has two size options.SpecificationsAvailable Finishes / Color: Silver, Black, GoldPolished Stainless SteelTwo...
Tempered smoked glass rests gracefully atop bent wood legs in this elegant coffee table. This modern classic fits beautifully with almost any decor. Also seen on page 39SpecificationsDue to the natural variation of wood, color may vary slightlyDimensions19L x 43.3W x 19H inches / 32 lbsShips within 3-5 days
Angled legs give the Dillon Coffee Table an arresting shape. Made of tempered glass folded into a triangle. Gives your couch extra oomph.SpecificationFinish: Tempered GlassDimensions27.6L x 47W x 14H inches / 60 lbsNo Assembly RequiredShips within 2-3 days
A perfect accent to any living space, the Duo table stands out as the ideal coffee table or television stand anywhere. This beautiful vessel table provides stylish storage on two lower shelving units. Add this multifaceted piece to your home today!SpecificationsDue to the natural variation of wood, color may vary slightlyDimensions39.5L x 17.8W x 16H inches / 44 lbsShips within 3-5 days
Like an inverted glass flower, the Galindo Coffee Table adds a modern element to any room. Made of tempered glass. Easily matches any sofa.SpecificationFinish: Tempered GlassDimensions39L x 39W x 15.4H inches / 90 lbsNo Assembly RequiredShips within 2-3 days
A sensual curved shape contrasted with a solid body makes the Goldstein Coffee Table a perfect piece of organic modern furniture. The warm walnut tones and the clear glass is a dynamite combo. This table rocks!SpecificationCover: Tempered GlassFinish: MDFDimensions39L x 37.8W x 13.4H inches / 173lbsShips within 2-3 days
In the early 1940s, Jean Prouvé increasingly turned his attention to wood. The sturdy wooden top of the Guéridon Bas coffee table is positioned on three solid oak feet. In reference to a tropical wood version of the time, entitled "Table africaine", this re-edition is also available in a dark oak stained finish. Tabletop: oak veneer in light natural or with dark lacquer, natural wood effect varnish. Base made of...
Featuring a gorgeous glass top, wood base and brushed steel chrome legs, the original LumiSource Hover Coffee Table will serve as a beautiful centerpiece for your living room. The contemporary design of this elegant coffee table makes it not only functional, but stylish as well. The Hover Coffee Table has a streamlined silhouette with a unique open wood center for storage. Dimensions47L x 25.5W x 19.5H inches / 80 lbsShips...
A figurative explosion of style, the Huerta Coffee Table has sleek chromed steel base. It is an ultimate statement piece for any space. Make your room sparkle with this unique crackled glass table.SpecificationCover: Tempered GlassFinish: Chromed SteelDimensions31.5L x 31.5W x 16.5H inches / 62lbsShips within 2-3 days
The Jacks Coffee Table has a high polish stainless steel base with a 1/2" glass table top. Dimensions 54"L x 30"W x 15"H
Don't sacrifice style for function. As a modern support system for your television or a contemporary coffee table, the slick curved wood legs and smoked glass shelf on the Ladder table will add sophistication to any living space.SpecificationsDue to the natural variation of wood, color may vary slightlyDimensions46.3L x 17.5W x 2.5/17.5H inches / 103 lbsShips within 3-5 days
This posh Linx Coffee Table features smoked glass and a unique, interlinking, walnut wood frame. This truly one-of-a-kind design, using elegant bent wood, works perfectly as an accent or coffee table. SpecificationsDue to the natural variation of wood, color may vary slightlyDimensions27.5L x 21.5W x 18H inches / 35 lbsShips within 3-5 days
The Lundy Coffee Table is designed with a modern appeal, and will be a great addition to rooms with rustic, Zen, organic or Scandinavian style. This stylish furniture piece is designed to be used as a coffee or occasional table. It comes with cast iron legs and features solid construction. This unique coffee table is available in seared oak. Specifications Available Finishes / Color: Seared Oak Dimensions 51.3L x 23.8W...
An early 1900s industrial original once used to transport furniture, fabric and supplies across the factory floor. The cart is made from solid elm and the wheels are antiqued metal.SpecificationCover: Fir PlywoodFinish: MetalDimensions28L x 43.3W x 12H inches / 47 lbsAssembly RequiredShips within 2-3 days
The Pearce Coffee Table features a clear-cut design with a stylish look. It is made of polished, black-plated stainless steel. This table can be used in rooms with modern or contemporary style. This model can be used as a coffee or occasional table, and is available in black. Choose this stunning table to amaze your guests. Specifications Available Finishes / Color: BlackPolished Stainless SteelBlack-plated Dimensions 36L x 36W x 10H...
The Pena Coffee Table is a modern piece of furniture. This gorgeous model is designed to be used as a coffee or occasional table. It can be a perfect addition to furniture and décor with modern or contemporary style. This striking coffee table is of professional quality, has a rounded design, comes with a brushed stainless base and is available in gold or black.SpecificationsAvailable Finishes / Color: Gold, BlackDimensions40L x...
A solid arch of semi-tempered glass, the Potter Coffee Table reduces clutter while adding style. Lends a graceful zen to any space. We could all use a little graceful zen.SpecificationFinish: Tempered GlassDimensions23.8L x 48W x 17.7H inches / 123lbsShips within 2-3 days
Puzzled about new seating or decorations? Try the Puzzotto! A fun addition to any room, the Puzzotto is a multi-functional upholstered ottoman. Fit several puzzle-pieces together to make a coffee table or separate them for extra seating when friends come to visit. As a group, they re even comfortable enough to use as a guest bed. Dimensions22.5 Dia x 13.5H inchesShips within 3-5 days
The Rasmussen Coffee Table features a stylish look for your contemporary home. This exciting furniture piece is made of stainless steel and a round shape. This is an ultra-modern coffee or occasional table that will be a perfect addition to rooms with a minimalist or modern style. This gorgeous coffee table is available in white. Specifications Available Finishes / Color: White | Stainless Dimensions 41.5L x 41.5W x 16H inches...
The Ritchie Coffee Table has a stylish look that will add flair to your living room. This exciting model can be used as a coffee table and an occasional table. Choose this brilliant coffee table to accent your furniture and décor with a modern, organic, Zen, Scandinavian or urban style. This modern table features solid hardwood construction, stainless steel legs with gold plating, and is available in seared oak and...
The Rumsey Coffee Table has a white marble table top and an option of either a polished stainless steel, black, or brushed gold base. Dimensions 36"L x 36"W x 14.5"H
The Sharpe Coffee Table is a professional-quality furniture piece for your living room. This model can be used as a coffee table or occasional table. Choose this coffee table for any room with an urban, Zen, or Scandinavian style. This modern table comes with a stainless steel frame and is available in ebonized oak. Specifications Available Finishes / Color: Ebonized Oak Dimensions 55.3L x 30W x 15.8H inches / 77...
A waterfall of tempered glass, the Stovall Coffee Table is a graceful arc that also conveniently holds remote controls and magazines. Clean lines and total transparency makes it work with any decor. Adds a smooth element to bold colors or a modern element to a traditional room.SpecificationFinish: Tempered GlassDimensions18L x 33.9W x 18H inches / 60 lbsNo Assembly RequiredShips within 2-3 days
The Trevino Coffee Table is designed with a high-polish stainless steel frame, and has a stylish look. This striking model features a tempered glass top that boasts a modern design. Choose this stunning table to use as a coffee or occasional table. It is surely a great addition to any living room with a modern or contemporary style. This model is available in clear, and has two size options.SpecificationsAvailable Finishes...
Create a well-rounded living space with the U-Shaped coffee table. Peer through the circular glass table top to the seemingly floating circular shelf below nestled between two overlapping U-Shaped bases. Add this unique piece to your home today!Dimensions31.5 Dia x 18.8H inches / 40.5 lbsShips within 3-5 days
The Van Buren Coffee Table is made of reclaimed oak hardwood and has a cast iron base. Choose either a rectangular or square shape with a fumed or seared oak finish. Dimensions Square 41.5"L x 41.5"W x 17.5"H Rectangle 49.25"L x 29.5"W x 14"H
The Vernon Coffee Table is a circular coffee table with a brushed stainless steel base. Choose either a walnut veneer or a white lacquer top. Dimensions 43.5" Diameter x 14.25" H
Circle the fire pit with the Werner series. Gradients of brown weave around overstuffed cushions for the perfect marshallow roasting spot. Features corner and middle chairs, an ottoman, and a coffee table. Pieces sold separately.SpecificationCover: Synthetic Weave, Tempered GlassFinish: Aluminum FrameDimensions27.6L x 27.6W x 12H inches / 40 lbsNo Assembly RequiredShips within 2-3 days


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things liek this make me scared to ask leos anything sometimes
This is a discussion on UBER contempt of cop - LEO with a hair trigger temper. Ofc. Hill, polish your resume! within the Off Topic & Humor Discussion forums, part of the The Back Porch category; YouTube - Teen Arrested For Asking Cop About Unwarranted Raids (TEN FACTS) OK straight up the kid, whatever his motives, approached the LEO poorly. But ...
YouTube - Teen Arrested For Asking Cop About Unwarranted Raids (TEN FACTS)
OK straight up the kid, whatever his motives, approached the LEO poorly. But I don't think even the most diehard LEO supporter can swallow what happened next.
"Each worker carried his sword strapped to his side." Nehemiah 4:18
Guns Save Lives. Paramedics Save Lives. But...
Paramedics With Guns Scare People!
things liek this make me scared to ask leos anything sometimes
I think the cops handled it poorly.
However, the kid had to know playing "gotcha" journalism with a camera is going to tick some people off.
I'd be interested to hear how the courts rule if he pursues a civil suit for the matter.
edit: By "poorly" I mean simply that the officers may have opened the door to criticism by people who are predisposed to criticize cops anyway.
I don't think this rises to the level of a civil rights case, but I'm not a lawyer.
The views expressed above are the opinion of the poster and may or may not be total bunk.
Viewer discretion is advised.
I think that there is probably more history to this whole thing than the 3 minute youtube video shows.
Fortes Fortuna Juvat
Former, USMC 0311, OIF/OEF vet
NRA Pistol/Rifle/Shotgun/Reloading Instructor, RSO, Ohio CHL Instructor
I don't pretend that there aren't bad cops, but that video did not provide sufficient data for me to make any determination. 'Concur with Buckeye, that I wonder if there was more to it than where it started with the cop speaking to the motorist through the window.
'Clinging to my guns and religion
Like one of my favorite sayings goes "Play stupid games, win stupid prizes".
"Just blame Sixto"
I reserve the right to make fun, point and laugh etc.
Another case where a kid goes out looking for trouble. In the process he pushes a cop's buttons and then presents himself as a victim of police wrongdoing using Youtube as a tool for rabble rousing. I just can't seem to find much sympathy for him.I'm going to add that one to my repertoire."Play stupid games, win stupid prizes".
My Dad told me a long time ago," if you are gonna go out and look for trouble, don't come cyring to me when you find it"...
Universal Background Checks...the next step towards registration and confiscation.
AR. CHL Instr. 07/02 FFL
Like custom guns and stuff? Check this out...
IF the conversation the officer was having with the person in the car was part of an investigation, then they should have gone ahead and prosecuted him for what the officer said he was arresting him for. If not, that officer and his department could be writing some big checks in the future.
I am not familiar with North Dakota law, so can anyone tell me is it illegal in North Dakota to video tape a police officer in a public place?
If the kid with the camera was not violating any law, how is handcuffing him, transporting him, and detaining him for an hour (allegedly) not violating his civil rights?
If the kid did not get an academic scholarship from a college I think he just got one from the city.
Infowars- Proving David Hannum right on a daily basis
Its not wise to screw with people you don't know, uniform not withstanding.
"I do what I do." Cpl 'coach' Bowden, "Southern Comfort".
Without question, the cops actions were out of line.
Yes, the kid was probably always stirring up crap, but that is still NO reason for the cop to arrest him. I hope the kid does press charges on the officer. As an officer he knows he is going to be put in tough positions, and it is his responsibility to deal with it properly.
And in NO WAY did this kid hinder an investigation. If the cop was doing an investigation and told the kid to leave him alone and the kid didn't, then yes. However the officer asked the kid (who was simply standing on a public street recording an officer who was in public) what he was doing, etc. and then arrested the kid. He talked to the kid, not the other way around. This kid nothing to justify this arrest.
However, did he do something to justify the cops being sticklers w/ him later on for TRUE violations? Absolutely.
I definitely side with supporting the officer and the department. Too many officers have become the target of social media attacks, putting them, and their families at risk.
I also suspect there is more to the story and the kid had a beef with either the officer or the department before the video episode. I think the the police did the kid a favor by not charging him.
I don't think the officer's actions were out of line. There is simply too little information to go on here regarding the officer's reaction. What I will say is that if the officer indicates he was talking to a citizen during an investigation, I believe him. One possible explaination, the citizen in the car was a CI or witness. The kid just published the citizen's license plate of all things.
What can be said, other than stupid hurts.


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College Hockey:Future In Mind
UND Points Toward NCAAs With Goalie Test
ST. PAUL, Minn. — Having to play three games in three days isn't exactly a recipe for success.
That's the task that faces one WCHA team every year, once the No. 4 and No. 5 seeds meet in Thursday's play-in game at the Final Five. For the winner, a semifinal matchup follows the next day, and then a game Saturday, in either the championship or the consolation.
This time around, North Dakota beat Wisconsin 3-2 Thursday, giving the Sioux the privilege of playing twice more in less than 48 hours. And since the play-in winner's opponent was scheduled to be No. 1 seed Denver, that guaranteed North Dakota would play early Friday afternoon. Third-seeded Minnesota, whose campus is a scant few miles from the Xcel Energy Center, the home of the Final Five, is routinely scheduled to play the late semi for attendance and television purposes.
The short rest left first-year Sioux head coach Dave Hakstol the same conundrum that faces most play-in winners: bring back his number-one goaltender the next day, or rotate in a new face with the aim of keeping Thursday's starter fresh for Saturday's game?
Hakstol opted for the latter, inserting freshman Philippe Lamoureux in place of Jordan Parise to face the Pioneers. Although UND had used something like a goaltender rotation early in the year, Parise had become the de facto starter down the stretch, starting six straight games coming into the Final Five that coincided with North Dakota's current unbeaten streak.
Parise gave up just eight goals in those six games, playing every minute on the way to a 4-0-2 record that included a surprisingly easy first-round playoff sweep of Minnesota-Duluth. And after he made 33 saves Thursday night to extend the Sioux's unbeaten streak to seven games, the ball was in Hakstol's court.
He went with Lamoureux, whose last game action had been Feb. 19 in a 5-2 loss to Alaska-Anchorage. The next weekend, Parise's streak began when he played Friday, beating Wisconsin 4-2, and performed well enough to convince Hakstol to leave him in the next night.
On Friday, Lamoreux did nothing to diminish Hakstol's confidence. Though the Sioux lost 2-1 in overtime on the second goal of the game by Denver's Gabe Gauthier, Lamoreux was instrumental in getting the game to extra time in the first place, making 30 saves while allowing just one goal — also by Gauthier, the game's first star — in regulation.
"I'm proud of Phil Lamoureux," Hakstol said. "He gave us a great performance tonight, and he gave us an opportunity to win."
Of course, Hakstol's dilemma has been faced by plenty of previous coaches at the Final Five, and a majority have opted to go the same way he did Friday.
The last team to win the play-in game and come back the next day with the same goaltender was Colorado College in 2001-02, when Jeff Sanger, who earned the lion's share of minutes in net that season, played all three games at the Final Five. The Tigers finished third as Sanger gave up just six goals in 180:53 of play on the weekend.
Making Hakstol's choice easier may have been the fact that North Dakota had all but locked up its NCAA bid even before Thursday's win, meaning that resting Parise Friday was partly a nod to next weekend's NCAA regional.
"Coming into the weekend, we had a pretty good idea that would be our plan," said Hakstol. "Three games in three days — I'm pretty sure Jordan could do a good job of that, but you have to ask what that would do to his preparation for the national tournament."
The following is a self-policing forum for discussing views on this story. Comments that are derogatory, make personal attacks, are abusive, or contain profanity or racism will be removed at our discretion. USCHO.com is not responsible for comments posted by users. Please report any inappropriate or offensive comments by clicking the "Flag" link next to that comment in order to alert the moderator.
Please also keep "woofing," taunting, and otherwise unsportsmanlike behavior to a minimum. Your posts will more than likely be deleted, and worse yet, you reflect badly on yourself, your favorite team and your conference.


text: For a few months now, AMD's 780G has reigned as the only integrated graphics chipset capable of handling high-definition video decoding. Now it has company in the form of Nvidia's new GeForce 8300. This single-chip core logic package features a graphics core derived from the GeForce 8400 GS, full Blu-ray decode acceleration, a HyperTransport 3.0 processor link prime for Phenom processors, PCI Express 2.0 connectivity, Gigabit Ethernet, loads of SATA RAID, and an even dozen USB ports. Impressive specs, no doubt, but can the GeForce 8300 unseat the 780G as our integrated graphics chipset of choice? Read on to find out.


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How many times has it been heard here in the Monterey County that there's nothing for young people to do? Though Monterey County itself has a rich history with a thriving agricultural center, it's not the most exciting place in the world for gamers.
Inside the Battle Sports USA shop on 938 S. Main St. in Salinas, there's a room with two tables. Eight Xbox 360s with dedicated monitors, headsets, and controllers wait, ready for competitors who are up for the challenge. Owned by Ryan and Gloria Dunn, Battle Sports USA is more known for its hobby products -- things like airsport rifles, paintbull guns, and RC parts, but they're hoping to change that.
Though the rest of the shop has done well for the Dunns in the past, it's the Gadget Lab that's getting special attention. Sporadically, the shop has held tournaments for eager gamers willing to test their skills for cash and other prizes. With competitive games like Halo 4 and Call of Duty: Black Ops 2 coming very soon, Gloria hopes more people will come in for tournament gaming and to preorder video games for their Xbox 360s, Playstation 3s, and Wiis.
Before Black Ops 2 drops, Gadget Labs plans on throwing a Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 4v4 cash prize tournament on Nov. 7, 2012. The entry fee is $10, and Gadget Labs is taking RSVPs through its Facebook Events page.
If gamers in Monterey County are able and willing, they can expect to play against other locals gunning to come out on top. It could be the start of a new and exciting thing for gamers.


text:
Century Roma Hotel - Kunming
- Location:
- Address: Century Yindu Square, Middle Section of Erji Road, Guandu, Kunming
- Tel: 0871-68895888 (Book this hotel, call 800-2682918)
- Hotel Name in Chinese: 昆明世纪罗马酒店
- Lowest Price: $42
- Prices not include 18% service fee and tax.
- Payment Method: pay using our secure online payment service or pay at the hotel at some hotels.
- Triple/quad occupancy may require an extra bed at extra cost.
Hotel Amenities
|Hotel Services
|Luggage service, Car rentals, Laundry service, Room service, Express check-in/check-out, Currency Exchange, Wake Up Call, Parking Service, 24hr Reception, Permanent English-speaking staff, Business Centre, Copy Service, E-mail, Translation Service, Fax Service, Typing Service
|Room Amenities
|Air conditioning, AM/FM radio, Alarm clock, Color Television, Cable/satellite TV, Complimentary newspaper, Coffee/tea maker, Telephone, Hair dryer, In-room safe, Electronic Lock, Iron and ironing board, Refrigerator, Mini Bar, Bath and Shower, Non-smoking rooms available, In-house movies, Internet access,
Hotel Amenities: Elevator, Parking, Air-Conditioned Facilities, Beauty Salon, Sauna, Business Center, Gift Shop, Gymnasium , Meeting Room, Ballroom, Deposit Box at Front Desk, Airline Desk, Fire Detector
Dining Facilities: Chinese Restaurant, Western Restaurant, Cafe, Bar, Lounge Bar
Print the Taxi Directions
- Please drive me to Century Roma Hotel - Kunming, thank you!
- 请送我到昆明世纪罗马酒店,谢谢
- Address: Century Yindu Square, Middle Section of Erji Road, Guandu, Kunming
- 地址: Century Yindu Square, Middle Section of Erji Road, Guandu, Kunming
- Tel: 0871-68895888
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text:
"We had some initial talks, nothing more than that," Bellotti said, making clear he's interested in returning to coaching. "As this thing goes on, we'll see. That's the only way I can characterize it."
Colorado's position came open this week after Dan Hawkins, who was hired in 2006, was fired. He went 19-39 and lost his last 17 games outside of Colorado, never recording a winning season.
Bellotti was the Ducks head coach from 1995 through 2008, compiling a 116-55 record. He resigned after the 2008 season to become Oregon's athletic director and left that role after nine months to join ESPN.
Colorado joins the Pacific-12 Conference next season, with the Ducks set to visit Boulder on Oct. 22, 2011.


text:
|4 Ways to Break a Weight-Loss Plateau
|While it may be frustrating, it is not uncommon to reach a weight-loss plateau in Phase 2 of the South Beach Diet, especially as you get closer to your target weight. While slow and steady weight loss is best for long-term success, there's nothing more discouraging than not seeing any change on the scale. So if you feel you're in a weight loss slump, try these strategies to get back on track.
7 Ways to Dine Out Healthy
|Going out to dinner this weekend? The best way to eat healthy and still enjoy the foods you love is to arm yourself with smart strategies before heading out to eat.
Curb Hunger With Nutritious and Filling Foods
|The key to managing hunger and sticking with any healthy eating plan is to eat nutritious, filling foods. That's why, on the South Beach Diet, we stress eating nutrient-dense, fiber-rich foods, such as vegetables (including beans and other legumes), fruits and whole grains (Phase 2), good fats, and lean protein.
Journaling Your Way to Weight-Loss Success
|It's been proven: To succeed at losing weight, it helps to pay attention not only to what you eat but also to what you write. As you follow the South Beach Diet, writing down what you put in your mouth will help keep you from overeating. In fact, the National Weight Control Registry, a well-regarded, long-term weight-loss study, found that journaling is one of the most powerful tools used by people who have lost weight and kept it off.
How to Read a Nutrition Label
|If you're following the South Beach Diet, you already know that it's not about counting calories, fat grams, carbohydrates, or anything else; it's about enjoying a balanced diet that includes a wide variety of healthy foods. But that doesn't mean you shouldn't pay attention to the Nutrition Facts panel on packaging. Understanding this information will help ensure that you are getting enough daily nutrients while striving toward your health and weight-loss goals.
Reward Yourself!
|Success is measured in many ways. Maybe it's how your clothes fit, the way you feel, or what the scale says. However you choose to recognize your achievements on the South Beach Diet, you deserve a little reward from time to time — and it doesn't have to mean taking a diet detour.