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Main Content
- Body: 82% Nylon/18% Elastane
- Elastic band at bust
- Imported
- Lining: 100% Polyester
- Metal brand logo at front
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- Padding: 100% Polyurethane
- Ties at shoulders
- Brand: Roxy
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2011 NCAA Outdoor All-American (10K)
2011 MPSF Championships Runner-Up (5K)
2011 All-Pac-10 (5K, 10K)
2012 All-Pac-12 Cross Country
2012 NCAA Cross Country All-American
2012 Pac-12 Cross Country All-Academic Honorable Mention
2012 MPSF All-Academic
2012 MPSF Championships Runner-Up (5K)
2012 Pac-12 All-Academic Honorable Mention
2012 Pac-12 Championships Runner-Up (10K)
2012 All-Pac-12 (5K, 10K)
2012 NCAA Outdoor Second-team All-American (10K)
2012: Indoors, Bergman clocked personal-best times in the 3K and 5K during the 2012 season ... She ran 9:23.19 in the 3,000-meter race at the Razorback Invitational, good for seventh place ... She posted a 5K time of 16:08.26 at Husky Classic, good for 14th place ... She finished in 13th place at the MPSF Championships in the 3K, running 9:31.52 ... In the 5,000-meter race at the MPSF Championships, Bergman earned a runner-up finish with a time of 16:21.49 ... Outdoors, Bergman clocked a personal-best time of 16:04.31 at the Mt. SAC Relays, good for third place and the No. 3 spot in school history ... She scored for the Wildcats at the Pac-12 Championships in the event, taking eighth place with a time of 16:33.47 ... In the 10,000-meter race, Bergman also clocked a personal-best time of 33:10.87 at the Stanford Invitational, also the No. 3 time in school history ... At the Pac-12 Championships, Bergman earned a runner-up finish in the 10K, running 34:33.85 ... At the preliminary round of the NCAA Championships, Bergman clocked a time of 34:19.15, good for 10th place and a trip to the finals of the event ... She earned second-team All-America status at the NCAA Championships, running the 10K in 33:41.76 and finishing in 12th place.
2011 (XC): Bergman was either the first or second Wildcat across the finish line during every race of the season ... Of the six races she ran, Bergman finished in sixth place or better four times ... At the Roy Griak Invitational, Bergman took third place in the 6,000-meter race with a time of 20:42.4 and was UA's top finisher ... She took 15th place in a stacked field at the Wisconsin adidas Invitational, running 6,000 meters in 20:25.1 ... Bergman earned sixth-place finishes at the Pac-12 Championships and the NCAA West Regional, posting times of 20:00 and 20:15, respectively in the 6,000-meter races ... She earned All-America status, clocking a time of 20:12.7 in the 6K race at the NCAA Championships, good for sixth place.
2011: Used a strong closing kick at the NCAA Outdoor Championships to finish third in the 10,000 meters with a time of 34:31.69 and become the first All-American in the event for the Wildcats since 1999 ... At the Pac-10 Outdoor Championships, she clocked all-conference performances at 5,000 and 10,000 meters, finishing third and second, respectively, for 14 of Arizona's 150 points at the competition ... Set the third-fastest 10,000-meter time in school history at the NCAA West Preliminary Championships with a time of 33:34.32 ... Also ran the third-fastest 5,000-meter time in Arizona history at the Mt. SAC Relays and advanced to the NCAA finals in the event ... Both times ranked in the top 15 nationally ... Was the MPSF runner-up indoors at 5,000 meters with a time of 16:13.05.
2010 (XC): Established herself as the top runner for the Wildcat harriers ... Earned all-conference and all-region honors and was the top finisher for the team in all but one competition ... She finished ninth at NCAA West Regionals in the 6K race, running 20:23.13 ... At NCAA Championships she ran 6,000 meters in 21:31.
2010: Qualified for the NCAA West Preliminary Championships in the 5,000 meters where she finished 23rd ... Ran a season best of 16:33.63, just outside Arizona's all-time top 10 in the event.
2009 (XC): Made an immediate impact on the squad, serving as the team's number two runner ... Scored points in all but one race for the Wildcats and was the first Arizona runner across the line at the NCAA Championships ... One of 11 freshmen on the UA squad and a key player in sending the Wildcats to their first national championship appearance in nine years ... Finished fourth at the Dave Murray Invitational, running three miles in 17:11.0 ... At the Pre-Nationals she posted a 6K time of 21:54.6 ... At the Pac-10 Championships she ran 6,000 meters in 20:42.68 and finished in 26th place ... Had a time of 21:35 in the 6K race at the NCAA Championships.
HIGH SCHOOL: Earned eight MVP awards in cross country and long distance track ... She was honored for being the best athlete in her class during her freshman and senior seasons ... Mercury News chose her as athlete of the year in 2008 and was athlete of the week twice in 2005, once in 2007, and again in 2009 ... She placed sixth at the Footlocker Regionals and 33rd at Footlocker Nationals ... Won three CCS titles in cross country and was captain of her team junior and senior year.
PERSONAL: Born in Denver, Colo., she is the daughter of Richard and Caroline Bergman ... She has a twin sister, Julie, and a younger sister, Amy.

subset: commoncrawl


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I have an Olympus e420 with the kit 14 - 42 1:3.5-5.6 kit lens but it unfortunately has a scratch that is invisible on short ecposures but is evident on long exposures.
I'm planning just to replace the lens with the same model as it's available relatively cheaply, but before I do does anyone have any other suggestions.
I shoot mainly landscapes and abstract close up (but not macro -though this would be nice).
I have looked on the interwebs for advice but drawing a blank unless i spend a lot more cash than I have.


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Good day folks. I hope you have all enjoyed the summer break, but winter league now approaches.
THE AGM WILL BE ON AUGUST 21st.
The venue for the AGM will be announced later ( This will depend on the current trend of pubs closing )
Any new proposals must be sent to Brian Withey by August 7th. Any later and they will not be put forward.
TEAM REGISTRATION WILL BE ON SEPTEMBER 4th.
Good luck for the forthcoming season from slbuild.co.uk


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For a Living Amazon!
The extraordinary Amazon
In the Amazon Biome you will find:
- One in ten known species on Earth
- The world´s largest remaining tropical forest containing 90-140 billion metric tons of carbon, the release of even a portion of which would accelerate global warming significantly
- The largest river basin on the planet with one million km2 of freshwater ecosystems
And 34 million people living in the Amazon, including 385 indigenous groups, depend on its resources and services – not to mention many millions more living as far away as Latin America, North America, and Europe, but still within the Amazon's far-reaching climatic influence.
For these and many other reasons the Amazon also inspires action, and WWF's Living Amazon Initiative (LAI) is its main actor addressing challenges and implementing solutions a region so important to all of us. The WWF brings together more than 40 years of experience focused on protecting the Amazon region. The forces that shape the Amazon extend far beyond a local context and know no political boundaries. Through the Living Amazon, WWF leverages network-wide efforts to protect the Amazon as a whole, to enhance biodiversity conservation and to address and reduce human impact on the Amazon's critical habitat.
Our vision
An ecologically healthy Amazon Biome that maintains its environmental and cultural contribution to local peoples, the countries of the region, and the world, within a framework of social equity, inclusive economic development, and global responsibility.
WWF Goals
- The diversity of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems of the Amazon Biome is conserved to ensure the survival of the species that live there and the continued provision of environmental goods and services to local peoples, the countries of the region, and the world.
- The quality, quantity, and timing of flow regimes in priority rivers and their headwaters are maintained at levels that ensure the integrity of aquatic ecosystems and the continued provision of ecological services that sustain local livelihoods and regional economies.
- The region's political and institutional framework supports the implementation of a climate-adaptive conservation and development agenda that increases the resilience of the Amazon Biome's key ecological process and services.


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All things Mother Earth Living
by Robyn Griggs Lawrence, Editor at Large
air pollution, factory farm, particle pollution, Clean Air Act, hydrogen sulfide, California, Indiana, Oklahoma, North Carolina, Washington, Wisconsin, Texas
The air at some factory farm test sites in the United States is dirtier than in America's most polluted cities and exposes workers to pollutant concentrations far above occupational safety guidelines, according to a new report from the Environmental Integrity Project (EIP). The pollution levels are high enough to suggest that those living near massive livestock operations also may be at risk. Estimated emission levels for some pollutants were higher at some test sites than amounts reported by large industrial plants.
The EIP report calls for reversal of a 2008 Bush Administration deal that gave concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) amnesty from federal pollution reporting rules. Many CAFOs pollute in quantities large enough to trigger emission reporting laws, and Clean Air Act protections may be warranted to protect rural citizens, the EIP states.
"No other major industry in the U.S. would be permitted to pollute at these levels without EPA oversight,"said attorney and report author Tarah Heinzen. "Our findings indicate that citizens near factory farms may be breathing unsafe levels of small particle pollution, ammonia and other toxic gases, and that EPA's failure to regulate air pollution from these operations may threaten public health. It is time for EPA to overturn the Bush Administration's backroom deals with the factory farm industry and begin applying consistent federal standards to all major polluters."
Among the EIP report's key findings:
*The EPA/industry study measured levels of particle pollution—which can damage lungs and heart and cause premature death—well above Clean Air Act health-based limits at some sites. Fine particle pollution was much higher than the federal 24-hour exposure limit on the worst days at 6 of 15 study sites, including 5 poultry operations in California, Indiana, and North Carolina, and a Washington dairy. Peak 24-hour exposures at two henhouses in California and one in Indiana were more than three times higher than EPA's 35 microgram standard.
* Based on sampling results, 11 of 14 CAFOs in the study emit more than 100 pounds of ammonia—which can damage the respiratory system and is life-threatening at high concentrations—on average days, which triggers pollution reporting requirements for non-livestock industries. Some CAFOs emitted thousands of pounds on their worst days. These include hog CAFOs in Indiana, Iowa, Oklahoma and North Carolina, dairies in Indiana, Washington and Wisconsin, and egg layer or broiler chicken facilities in California, Indiana and North Carolina.
* Some large hog and dairy CAFOs release more than 100 pounds of hydrogen sulfide--which causes respiratory symptoms, damages the eyes, and is fatal at high concentrations. Texas has established an enforceable air quality standard of 80 parts per billion of hydrogen sulfide averaged over half an hour. The air around seven hog and dairy sites – nearly half of the confinements studied – exceeded this level for entire days during the study. Long-term ambient levels of hydrogen sulfide were also significantly higher than EPA's reference concentration of 1 ppb at most study sites."
Lots of cows mean lots of pollution. iStock photo
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Celebrating heels & the women who wear them.
Looking nice will be an understatement, you'll look stunning in this Chinese Laundry style! Very Nice showcases a black suede upper with a luxurious faux fur cuff. An adorable suede bow is placed at the back and a 3 inch wedge completes this ankle boot.


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Clue: On the outs
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April 6, 2004
Courtesy of U.S. Soccer
CARSON, Calif. -UCLA's Stacy Lindstrom and Bristyn Davis helped the U.S. Under-19 Women's National Team defeated the Netherlands, 2-0, in its first match of the 2004 Philips Lighting U-19 Women's Soccer Invitational at the Home Depot Center Tuesday. The USA got a goal in the 3rd minute from Kerri Hanks then added a clincher in the 79th, to record the win over a tough and organized Dutch side.
The USA got on the scoreboard just 155 seconds into the match as Alexa Orand sprinted with the ball down the left sideline and crossed into the penalty area. Hanks collected it calmly with her back to the goal, spun around as she beat a defender and then struck a left-footed shot into the upper corner from 16 yards out. For Hanks, a member of the USA's 2002 U-19 World Championship Team, it was the 12th U-19 goal of her career.
The USA dominated possession for most of the match as the back line, marshaled by co-captain Becky Sauerbrunn, allowed the Dutch just two shots on the night, neither dangerous. U.S. goalkeeper Ashlyn Harris picked up the shutout as she improved her full international record to 18-2-1.
Playing in a 4-5-1 formation, the USA got good flank play from Orand, the only high school sophomore on the team, and Julia Schnugg, while Sheree Gray created some danger from the attacking midfielder position. Hanks served as the lone striker in the first half, and Bristyn Davis filled that role in the second. Yael Averbuch and Jen Redmond also played well as dual holding midfielders for the USA.
Second half substitute Carrie Schmitt, who came on for Redmond, almost scored just six minutes after entering the match, hitting the right post from a stiff angle with her shot in the right side of the penalty area after winning a bouncing ball and dribbling around Dutch goalkeeper Loes Geurts.
The USA scored its second goal after 66th minute substitute Chioma Igwe, who was playing in her first full U-19 international, sprung Orand down the right flank with a fine pass. Orand then hit a "shot-cross" that flew over Guerts, hit inside of the right post and bounced into the goal. It was Orand's second international goal at the U-19 level.
The match marked the first age-group international for the USA U-19s this year as they continue preparations for the CONCACAF Qualifying Tournament for the 2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship that will be held in Thailand in November. The USA will travel to Canada from May 28-June 6, 2004, in an attempt to earn one of this region's two berths to Thailand.
The USA played without consistent starters Angela Woznuk, who had school commitments, defender Stephanie Lopez, who arrived in camp yesterday, and forward Megan Rapinoe, who got the night off.
The USA faces Japan, a 2-1 winner over regional rival China in the afternoon's first game, on Thursday, April 8th at 6:30 p.m. at the Home Depot Center as the Philips Lightning U-19 Women's Soccer Invitational continues. China will face the Netherlands at 4 p.m.
Scoring Summary
USA - Kerri Hanks (Alexa Orand) 3rd minute.
USA - Alexa Orand (Chioma Igwe) 79.
USA: 18-Ashlyn Harris, 4-Jen Buczkowski, 11-Becky Sauerbrunn, 20-Stacy Lindstrom (12-Nikki Krzysik, 46), 3-Rachel Buehler; 23-Yael Averbuch, 17-Jen Redmond (14-Carrie Schmit, 46), 16-Alexa Orand, 21-Julia Schnugg, 5-Sheree Gray (19-Chioma Igwe, 66), 9-Kerri Hanks (7-Bristyn Davis, 46).
Subs not used: 8-Stephanie Logterman, 15-Megan Rapinoe, 24-Kelsey Davis.
Head Coach: Mark Krikorian
NED: 1-Loes Guerts, 2-Merel Snoeck (12-Shary Bakker, 46), 3-Laura Van Leeuwen (18-Jeanine van Dalen, 46), 5-Petra Hogewoning, 6-Renee de Vries (17-Marije Brummel, 75), 7-Manon Melis, 8-Janneke Bijl (15-Kristen van den Berg, 84), 9-Anouk Dekker (19-Lisanne Vermeullen, 46), 10-Kirsten van de Ven (14-Marjan Brouwer, 66), 11-Sylvia Smit, 13-Christa Stuart.
Subs Not Used: 16-Nadja Olthuis.
Head Coach: Corn? Groenendijk
Statistical Summary: USA/NED Shots: 13/2 Shots on Goal: 4/2 Saves: 2/2 Corner Kicks: 3/1 Fouls: 8/15 Offside: 7/0


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Thursday, July 28, 2011
Teaching kids how to pack
A young woman stood before a group of children outside a community center in South Royalton, Vermont, and asked them, "Do you like my pack?" It was an extraordinary pack, stuffed to the brim and beyond. A teddy bear peeked out from under the top flap between a fluffy pillow and a yoga mat. A light saber and a big hand mirror stuck out of the pack's outside pockets.
"Am I ready to go hiking?" she asked the children gathered around her under the shade of several trees. The tall young woman, her blond hair pulled back in a ponytail, was a summer intern with the Upper Valley Trails Alliance. Together with the nonprofit One Planet, the Trails Alliance was teaching the children what to bring — and not bring — on a hiking trip, including what to wear. Kelen, the intern, wore a flouncy yellow skirt, clutched a straw purse in one hand, and had wrapped a pink feather boa around her neck.
Chances are, none of the children had ever seen a hiker quite like Kelen. Some of the children were just out of kindergarten. Others would soon be starting middle school. But all of them knew when someone needed their help. "No!" they shouted.
At that, Kelen invited each child, one at a time, to come up to the front of the room and get her properly outfitted for hiking. In quick succession, they divested her of the feather boa, the purse, and the yellow skirt, revealing hiking shorts beneath.
Next, they moved on to her giant backpack, choosing which items would go into a smaller daypack. Out went the teddy bear, the yoga mat, and a crazy cornucopia of other items. If something didn't go in the smaller pack, the child got to hold it on his or her lap. "Why can't I bring my mirror?" Kelen asked when a small girl shyly pulled it from the side pocket. "How can I fix my makeup without a mirror?" "You don't need makeup on the trail!" children shouted happily back at her.
The light saber prompted a careful discussion. Several boys made an impassioned pitch for keeping it — it's light, it's fun, you could play games with it on the trail — but eventually it, too, was cradled on a child's lap.
After a time, a small portion of the things Kelen had carried up to the front of the room were neatly packed into the daypack: food and water bottles, raincoat and extra clothes, map and compass, whistle, headlamp. And the children left knowing more about what to bring with them on a hike. It wouldn't surprise me one bit, though, if they found themselves thinking about feather boas and light sabers…
Learn more
- Read "Essential 3-season hiking gear for Northeastern hikes" and "Ten Essentials for a Safe and Pleasant Hike" from AMC Outdoors.
Photo credit: John Taylor, UVTA.
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 8:00 PM 1 comments
Labels: hiking , Kristen Laine , outdoor education , packing , Upper Valley Trails Alliance
Tuesday, July 26, 2011
Brown-bag opportunities for young environmentalists
Wednesday lunches have been particularly filling for young Boston-area environmentalists this summer. For six weeks in a row, starting in mid-June and ending tomorrow, the Environmental League of Massachusetts (ELM) has hosted the Young Environmentalists Program (YEP), a series of brown-bag lunch talks for interns and junior staff to learn from people in the field about environmental policy, advocacy, and the role of government and media in environmental issues.
AMC Conservation communications intern Amanda-Joy Febles and AMC Facilities intern Anne Kirk were among about 20 regular participants in the weekly seminars. "Food bribes us to go," Febles laughed. She also enjoyed the community feeling that developed among the diverse group over the summer: "You have your woodsy guys with beards, college students, folks getting master's degrees — even three high school students! There were people right from Boston and from all over the country."
Febles learned how the series began from Eugenia Gibbons, the staff member at ELM who organized this summer's series. In 2008, a summer intern told Gibbons that she'd especially appreciated the chance to meet and listen to working experts during her internship. She suggested that the nonprofit craft try to reach more young people with those talks — and the Young Environmentalist Program was born. The first lunch series launched the summer of 2009. Febles felt a certain amount of empowerment, knowing that the program, meant to educate young environmentalists, began from a suggestion by a young environmentalist: "The idea was sparked by someone just like me." She noted that the series was aimed at an age group that was likely to get involved in environmental issues. It's happening at a time, she said, when "our passions are just getting ignited."
The intimate, seminar-style gatherings have encouraged more personal conversations. In a recent talk about Harvard's sustainability program, Heather Henriksen, Director of Harvard's Office for Sustainability, explained the path she took to a career in environmental issues — fundraising at Stanford Law School, nine years in marketing at Time-Warner, a master's degree in public administration from Harvard's Kennedy School. Anne Kirk found an interesting generational difference between current leaders like Henriksen, who didn't start out focusing on the environment, and her own generation, which she sees as being strongly focused on environmental issues.
Kirk, who is studying transportation and planning at Bucknell, looked forward to the series' final talk — "Walkability," by Joseph Cutrufo, program coordinator for Walk Boston — on July 27. Kirk had been inspired by Henriksen's descriptions of how Harvard students became involved in "greening" Harvard's campus. "As a student, I kept thinking of all I'd like to do back at school," she said. "It motivated me for when I go back: 'You need to plant organic grass in the Quad!'" The talk on walkability will no doubt seed more ideas.
For Febles, the lunches have been a great addition to her internship at AMC — and not just because of the food and the company. The conversations have allowed her to see her work for AMC in a fuller context, the speakers have given her role models and a sense of what it takes to make a difference, and the community has given her an instant network of young people who might together make a difference of their own.
Learn more
- The Environmental League of Massachusetts and its Young Environmentalists Program
- Harvard's Office for Sustainability
- Walk Boston
- AMC Internships
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 4:00 PM 0 comments
Labels: AMC , Boston , ELM , environment , environmentalist , Harvard Office for Sustainability , internship , Kristen Laine , students , Walk Boston
Saturday, July 23, 2011
Visiting the new Madison Spring Hut
Ursula and Jim took advantage of a run of splendid summer weather earlier this week to hike up to Madison Spring Hut. We've been tracking renovations to the nation's oldest mountain hut since work started last fall. Jim had some work to do up that way, and Ursula needed to break in new hiking boots before her Teen Wilderness Adventures course starts next month.
Ursula wasn't sure she wanted to give up one of the first unscheduled days she's had this summer vacation. Circus camp had followed theater camp, which had started immediately after school ended. But the chance to spend uninterrupted time with Jim and the promise to dally in mountain streams on the way back down made the difference, and she was up and ready to go before first light.
By late morning, they were hiking in from the north, off Highway 2. Ursula started out in comfortable school shoes, her new boots tucked in her pack. Numerous trails head up the northern slopes of the Presidential Range. Ursula helped Jim follow the signs for Valley Way, the easiest and most direct trail to the hut, and the most sheltered approach in poor weather. None of that was anywhere in sight, although less than a week earlier, severe thunderstorms had pounded the White Mountains. What was in view much of the way up were other hikers headed for the hut, many of whom were also eager to see its new look.
Four miles and 3,500 feet in elevation gain later, they stood before the hut. The first hut below Mt. Madison, built in 1888, was a modest stone affair that slept 12 hikers. The "new" hut uses part of a larger 1929 footprint and some of its stone walls, but opens up into an entirely new dining room and refashioned sleeping spaces. Inside the new dining room, big windows below a soaring cathedral ceiling looked north and west.
Jim and Ursula ate a late lunch in front of those views and then headed back down the mountain, Ursula now in the new boots. Jim had no trouble keeping to his promise, pulling out his fly rod at each deep hole in Snyder Creek. (A fisherman to the core, he won't let me divulge any details in print.) Ursula waded in, hiking shorts and all, and left the trail for short sections and followed the stream instead. The last mile or so, she didn't even bother to put her boots, or her socks, back on.
Two tired and very happy hikers pulled into the driveway later that night. The next day, Ursula slept past noon. Summer's good…
Learn more
- Read about the Madison Spring Hut renovation and re-opening.
- View a time-lapse video of Madison Hut history and its recent renovation.
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 11:00 AM 0 comments
Labels: AMC , hiking , huts , Kristen Laine , Mt. Madison
Thursday, July 21, 2011
Kids and the outdoors at Tanglewood
When most people think of Tanglewood, the Berkshire summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, they probably think — as I did before I saw it myself — of classical music inside grand performance halls and elegant concert-goers strolling through formal, manicured grounds. "Kids and the outdoors" never crossed my mind.
And so I got more than one unexpected treat when Jim surprised me with an anniversary trip to Tanglewood to picnic on the lawn and see the Mark Morris Dance Group perform in Seiji Ozawa Hall.
We arrived as the afternoon light was fading across the hills, showed our tickets at the gate, and carried our picnic basket up a gently sloping hill on Tanglewood's 120-acre grounds. People were already scattered about the expansive lawn on picnic blankets and around folding tables. We walked to a broad west-facing overlook. The Berkshires spread out around us, bathed in pink and soft orange; behind the setting sun, we could pick out the Taconic range, which marked the near border with New York. Jim set out a checkered blanket and pulled out our picnic dinner.
That's when I noticed the children. I heard their laughter before I saw six or so kids zig-zagging across an open section of lawn in full-out pursuit of fireflies. I could tell that some were probably quite young, maybe three or four years old. Others had the stretched-out, lean look of teenagers or children on the cusp of adolescence. Their delight carried over on the summer breeze, its own joyous music.
As day turned to dusk, another group of children left a big family group near us and ran over to a grove of trees at the top of the slope. Within moments, they'd climbed into the crooks of trees and onto limbs and were calling to each other from their various perches.
Still others somersaulted and tumbled down an open slope by the performance hall. The more I looked about me, even in the fading light, the more children I saw playing on that broad, inviting lawn. In all, before we were called to take our seats inside, Jim and I counted more than 30 children in the kind of free-form outdoor play that we adults sometimes bemoan as lost to the ages.
I've since discovered that Tanglewood makes it easy to bring children to many of its outdoor concerts. The Boston Symphony Orchestra offers free lawn tickets to most shows for children and young people up to and including age 17. Parents or legal guardians can claim up to four free children's tickets per concert at the box office on the day of the concert. (For the Popular Artist concerts, free tickets are available only for children under the age of two.) At noon on Sundays before afternoon concerts and during the open rehearsals on Saturday morning, Tanglewood also offers supervised musical and crafts activities for children and accompanying adults, also free.
The night that Jim and I were there, many in the audience remained outside, viewing the performance through the hall's open west end from the sloping lawn. I guess that the children who'd been outside earlier either continued playing quietly during the performance or joined their parents in watching. Perhaps to ensure an attentive audience, Tanglewood doesn't allow children age 5 and under inside the hall during performances.
This summer marks 75 years since the Boston Symphony Orchestra's first concert in the Berkshires. Jim and I now think of a Tanglewood concert as a great addition to a family weekend in the Berkshires. We're looking ahead to August 2, to "Tanglewood on Parade" and its fireworks finale, plus a guest astronomer for star-gazing for adults and children and exhibits on the science of music, the sounds of the Sun, and Galileo and his telescope. There's also the Family Concert on Saturday, August 20, with its $10 tickets for adults and many child-friendly activities.
And all that perfect expanse of grass, inviting us to come out and play.
Learn more
- Tanglewood for Kids
- Look through AMC's Best Day Hikes in the Berkshires or read these "Great Kids, Great Outdoors" posts for child-friendly hikes near Tanglewood (hikes in Stockbridge and Williamstown).
Photo credit: Steve Rosenthal, Boston Symphony Orchestra.
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 8:00 PM 0 comments
Labels: Berkshires , Boston , Kristen Laine , Tanglewood
Saturday, July 16, 2011
Blueberry Memories
Early July — traditionally the Fourth of July — is when wild blueberries come into season around here, replacing wild strawberries like blue follows red in red, white, and blue. Some years we're able to eat them together with cream and get the full patriotic effect. Blueberries have seemed to arrive late this year, though, either because of the cold, wet spring or because we've been too busy to notice them.
Last weekend, Ursula caught a glimpse of something blue in the meadow next to the pond. A moment later, she came running up to the house with ripe wild berries cupped in her palm. That's all it took to pull out our homemade berry buckets (plastic yogurt containers strung with twine, to allow two-handed picking) and spread out to pick the season's first blueberries.
Coincidentally, I've been reading essays by poet Thom Rock that are all about blueberries – how they color our memories of summer, how they connect generations, what they mean to us. He describes picking blueberries alongside his mother as a little boy, the plinking sound of berries hitting the bottom of the pail, the tart sweetness of wild berries — and how, many years after her death, that sound and that taste bring back such intense memories that his mother seems to sit alongside him in the blueberry meadow once again.
My own blueberry memories are of my Finnish grandmother, who stirred fat berries into her pancake batter and baked them into pies, serving up love in berries instead of words. And of my own mother reading me Blueberries for Sal, Robert McCloskey's tale of two mothers and two young ones, all eating berries on the same hillside one summer's day. It's his words I use, even now, for the sound of berries hitting a pail: kuplink, kuplank, kuplunk.
Ursula and Virgil have grown up hearing McCloskey's story. Rock's essays taught me a new blueberry story. Certain American Indian traditions say that the Great Spirit sent his people the gift of wild blueberries to feed them when they were starving. "Upon careful inspection of these heavenly gifts," Rock writes, "a single star could be seen stamped upon each little berry, and from that day on the people called them 'starberries.'" I'd never really thought about that five-pointed star — all that remains of the flower that begins each berry — but I'll add the story of its origins to those I tell Ursula and Virgil.
In just a few days, we've eaten blueberries plain and with cream and on cereal and ice cream. They'll soon be in on the south peak of Mt. Cardigan, on the high bushes around our pond, where we can pick them from a canoe, and carpeting our upper meadow.
I agree with Rock: The celestial berries are indeed "a little bit of heaven beneath our feet."
Learn more
- Read "Strawberry Moon, Moon Magic" in Great Kids, Great Outdoors.
- Learn more about Blueberries for Sal
- Tips on making your own berry-picking pail and picking blueberries
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 11:00 AM 2 comments
Labels: blueberry , Kristen Laine , Mt. Cardigan , strawberry , summer
Thursday, July 14, 2011
Fun after dark: 10 activities that even small children will love
Early childhood is the classic time for being afraid of the dark — and for an interesting reason. Children learn to use their imaginations starting around age two. For several years, their ability to imagine all sorts of things outpaces their ability to distinguish between the real world and the world of make-believe. It's no wonder that fear so often colors young imaginings at night, which, as Shakespeare said, "cloaks and changes the day."
Yet that very difference between the known of daylight and night's unknown opens up a world of new experiences for young children — a world of nighttime sounds and spectacles, of nature perceived differently. Summer is a perfect season for acquainting children with the night and letting their imaginations run wild without straying into darkness.
The following activities allow young children to discover the magic of summer evenings — without being scared of what they find there.
1. Catch fireflies. Watch one light up the space between cupped hands or poke holes in the lid of a glass jar and collect more. Release them in an hour.
2. Listen for owls. It's been said that while the day has eyes, the night has ears. You're most likely to hear barred owls — who who, who cooks for you, who cooks for you all? — and barn owls, whose hoot follows a descending scale, in the hour either side of nightfall.
3. Watch a meteor shower. The first two weeks of August bring the year's best "shooting stars," the Perseids. Wake up a child between midnight and dawn for the best viewing this year. While you're waiting for the streak of a meteor across the sky, point out the Big Dipper and Little Dipper.
4. Play flashlight tag. "It" gets the flashlight and counts down from 10 (or, for younger children, calls out the names of everyone playing) while other players scatter. Anyone the flashlight beam lands on is caught.
5. Watch the moon come up. Look through binoculars for "the man in the moon." Near a lake, river or the ocean, look for the moon's light trail across the water.
6. Get wet. Zip up life jackets and step into water for a nighttime float. (Parents must accompany children for safety.) Run through sprinklers for a cooling nighttime soak.
7. Build a campfire. Roast marshmallows, tell stories, sing songs. A charcoal grill works equally well as a nighttime hearth.
8. Light up the night. No need to relegate sparklers and glow-sticks to the Fourth of July!
9. Take in an outdoor event at night. Many communities hold evening band concerts, baseball games, and other child-friendly events in lovely green spaces during the summer months. To extend the pleasure, bring a picnic dinner or add a short walk to and from the event.
10. Sleep in a tent. Spending a night in a tent is a big step for young children. Share the night with your child for lasting memories — but be prepared to go inside if your child has had enough excitement for one night.
Children are often afraid of the dark in part because it's an unknown. Nighttime play can light those dark corners and spark the imagination, all at the same time.
Learn more
— This post was inspired by a request from The Mother Company. Read that article, co-authored with Jennifer Ward, "Facing Fear with Summer Fun After Dark!"
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 8:00 PM 0 comments
Labels: family , fear of dark , Kristen Laine , night , summer
Tuesday, July 12, 2011
The Nature Principle
Driving back after dropping off Ursula and Virgil at circus camp this morning, I heard Richard Louv on New Hampshire public radio. Louv wrote the international bestseller Last Child in the Woods and gave us the term "nature-deficit disorder" to describe an epidemic of disconnection between children and nature.
Louv was on the radio to talk about his newest book, The Nature Principle. The book extends his discussion of nature-deficit disorder to adults — but, as described by Louv on the radio, it adopts a more hopeful tone than his previous book. Louv believes that the twenty-first century will bring a resurgence of human connection to nature.
This optimism surprised me, and surprised Louv's interviewer, too. By way of explanation, he quoted the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. (I'll have to paraphrase here), who said that people cannot change unless they can see a brighter future. Louv said we need to think about what the future should look like: Do we want a dystopian, "Blade Runner"-type future, he asked, or do we want something else? He encouraged listeners to imagine what a nature-focused future would look like, for families and communities, for cities and nations.
Louv started describing the work being done in some cities to make nature more readily available to more people. He made a case for "button" parks, small green spaces people can "sew into" the urban landscape themselves. My mind, though, lingered on his earlier question. It felt like a challenge. What would I see in a world with better connections between humans and nature?
I've written here about my pleasure in living in the midst of wilder nature than existed in this small town when Jim's mother was growing up down the street, and my gratitude that Ursula and Virgil have developed strong connections to the natural world. In my even better, nature-centric future, we would drive much less than we do now — not just our family in our rural community, but families across the country. We'd have shorter commutes so parents could get home to their children earlier each day. We'd incorporate nature into every school day and across school curriculums. Our roads would be safer, so more children could walk or ride bikes to school. Our governments would regulate chemicals and pollutants to protect us and the environment.
Louv and King were right: I felt more hopeful, even energized, after imagining that better future. What would you put in your better, nature-connected future?
Learn more
- …about The Nature Principle by Richard Louv
- … about Louv's NHPR interview
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 4:00 PM 1 comments
Labels: books , family , Kristen Laine , Louv , nature , nature-deficit , New Hampshire
Saturday, July 9, 2011
Seashells in Their Pockets: Exploring the seashore with children
Growing up along the Maine coast, Judith Hansen came to love the smell of salt in the air, the sound of waves against a rocky shore, and the ways of shorebirds and other coastline animals. Even before her son Justin could walk, she introduced him to the same pleasures. "I kept looking for a guidebook that was sturdy enough to take to the beach," she says—and one that followed environmentally sound principles. When she couldn't find any she liked, she decided to write her own guide, and asked her cousin, illustrator Donna Sabaka, to create drawings for it.
The child for whom Judith Hansen wrote that guidebook is now a grown man. AMC first published Seashells in My Pocket in 1988, when Justin was 6. The current third edition describes more than 200 plants, shells, and animals that can be found along the Atlantic coast between Florida and Maine. The final pages still contain a Sea-Searchers Award for children who identify every creature and plant in the book
Close to home, Hansen also observed successful grassroots efforts to conserve an estuary—a place where a river meets the ocean—in Wells, Maine. The wetlands and salt marshes eventually became the Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve. Hansen added more information to the new edition about protecting the plants and animals of these critical coastline environments.
Adults at the beach, Hansen says, "have a tendency to look out over the water or down at the sand." Going to the beach with children often means exploring smaller places. "It's also fun to sit down and find out how many things you can find in one square foot." Bring magnifying glasses, spoons, and containers along with the beach towels, sunscreen, and water.
Hansen encourages adults to explore the treasures of the sea through a child's eyes:
Tide pools and other small ecosystems. "Tide pools are teeming with life," Hansen says, from water animals so small they can't be seen without a magnifying glass to starfish and sea urchins. "I can easily spend more than an hour exploring a tide pool."
Snail trails. Snails are famous for being slow, but they're quick to pull inside their shells if they sense danger. If you hum while holding a snail in your hand, the "good vibrations" can sometimes entice the snail to peek out from its shell.
Stay-at-homes and headstanders. "Every person has a story," Hansen says, "and every living thing does, too." She especially likes to tell children the stories of easily missed animals like limpets and barnacles. Limpets, which have shells that form a cone-shaped "hat," hardly ever move once they attach to a rock. And a barnacle spends its entire adult life standing on its head.
Over the years, Hansen has also developed several easy guidelines for protecting the seashore's treasures:
Leave animals where they live. Hansen is heartened that in the quarter century since she started working on her guidebook, seashore visitors have become much more careful about not collecting living things. Hansen goes further and explains the importance of leaving animals where you find them. "Some animals live at the low tide line," she says, "others at the high tide line. The difference between the two may be only 4 or 5 feet, but it can be the difference between life and death for these creatures."
Observe more than you collect. Hansen understands the pleasure of stuffing small pockets with half-shells—it's what gave her book its name. She's learned, though, that even young children can understand the importance of leaving the treasures of the sea for others to enjoy.
Create seashore art. Use shells, seaweed, driftwood, and more to decorate sand castles (and let the tide redistribute the wealth). Take pictures of sand castles or of collected seaside treasures. At the end of a weekend, or a summer, put the snapshots in a scrapbook.
Bring home the trash. Any time Hansen goes to the seashore, she takes along an extra plastic bag to pick up trash left behind by careless visitors or carried in by the tide.
Photo credit: Marcy and Jerry Monkman
"Great Kids, Great Outdoors" is an AMC Outdoors blog, written by Kristen Laine.
Posted by Kristen at 11:00 AM 1 comments
Labels: AMC , Atlantic coast , family , Hansen , Kristen Laine , Maine , seashell , seashore , Wells , wildlife
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sketch Lecture Room and Library
sketch is a restaurant like no other, but the over-the-top setting often permeates the cooking, which is a shame because there are moments of sheer brilliance when it doesn't.
Walking around sketch is like wading through the mind of a drugged-up lunatic. Just as The Crystal Maze had 'zones', each room in sketch has its own theme. In the lobby, chairs disturbingly look as though they are being swallowed-up by the wall. To the right there's the Parlour, serving desserts and comfort foods in an environment resembling a ski lodge fit for royalty. Beyond the cloakroom lies the Glade with its giant wallpaper sheets that create an illusion of the kind of woodland in which you'd expect to find Legolas going down on Lord Elrond. Carry on and you come to the Gallery, laden with artworks by Turner Prize winner Martin Creed, including a zigzagging floor fashioned from ninety-six different kinds of marble, and a dining-room where no two pieces of cutlery, glassware, or furniture are alike. And let's not forget the toilets which take the form of attention-seeking, futuritsic pods scattered across a raised area.
The Precious One
The two Michelin starred Lecture Room and Library is located up a flight of stairs lacquered in a pool of 'blood', at the top of which sits the harrowing mannequin of a naked woman with skin like a disco-ball and an afro that would make The Jackson 5 jealous. Once inside, you are enveloped in majesty and grandeur: Crimson and gold carpets; leather-padded walls; effortless chairs. Extravagance.
amuse bouches
Whereas most restaurants use interior design as a way to gently say something about themselves, sketch uses it as a battlecry: A warped dimension of concept driven escapism designed to compete for your attention. Though the privilege of dining here will blow a hole through your wallet. The Pierre Gagnaire designed menu pits starters at a dizzying average of £40. Mains then begin at £40 and go up to £55. I don't think I've ever opened and shut a wine list so fast.
Perfume of the Earth £37
According to the menu, Gagnaire's favourite perfume – Terre d'Hermès – was the inspiration behind my elaborate starter entitled 'Perfume of the Earth'. Split into three dishes, I'm told to start with the smoked cocotte of snails and vegetables over which the waiter pours a splendid foie gras soup which dominates. So if Terre d'Hermès is the essence of force-fed, bloated duck livers, then this right on the money. Phase two is inside-out-maki-like beef carpaccio stuffed with raw vegetables, in a beetroot syrup with Colman's mustard, which is very Asian in character. And finally there is a beyond pretentious plate of sautéed Jerusalem artichokes and baked ricotta topped with the colourful, fragrant petals of artichoke flowers on a thin film of powerless Sauternes jelly.
Lamb £49
Then comes the lamb. With it is a side of tomato tartlet which neatly combines the textures of brittle pastry with smooth tomato paste and squidgy sweetbreads. There is also a bowl containing a ewe cheese yoghurt along with potent Roquefort that the waiter instructs me to "play with" as I make inroads into the lamb, which is breathtaking: There is saddle of Quercy lamb cooked to absolute perfection with a rich crust of caramelised fat, glazed in a sexy yellow-brown jus that I only wish there was more of. Better yet is a pan-fried rack of lamb so loaded with flavour; so masterfully seasoned; so satisfying to chew it makes you glad to be alive. Saying that, it would have been better if they found a way to combine everything onto a single plate, as not doing so feels like a cop-out.
Chocolate soufflé £13
Desserts prolong the excess. I end with a giant dome of chocolate soufflé which is so light it only just manages to retain some texture. The waiter impregnates the dome with a dollop of liquorice ice cream, then generously drizzles a liquid ganache of very rich Guanaja chocolate. It's let down by a needless side plate of other things: a star-shaped bowl of a liver-like cocoa jelly which isn't very pleasant; a ewe cheese velouté which is actually just a wad of ewe cheese; and a candied orange paste which tastes like Jaffa Cake filling. They should learn to quit when they're ahead.
Every time it's just a step too far. There is some real substance behind the cooking but the eccentric showboating that befits the environment doesn't suit the food. A little less would be a lot more. It would help to legitimise the more polarising aspects of sketch, which is undeniably a place of high pretension.
I actually like what they've created here. It adds an element of drama seldom seen. The staff play their role but none are more well-rehearsed than the general manager David, who will make you feel important and disarm you with personal tours and explanations of the various rooms before escorting you up to the dining-room. He'll also catch you on the way out. You'll leave realising you've just witnessed a performance that began the moment you entered the building.
food : 8/10
service : 8/10
ambience : 8.5/10
value : 5/10
9 conduit street, London W1S 2XG
020 7659 4500


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text: I have a Springfield Loaded and have a problem I can best describe as the slide would not go back to full battery. I took it apartand it was really very hard to get the slide off the frame (BTW- I have taken the slide off of the frame cleaned the barrel several times before after shooting. Not my first time to do this)removed the barrel and placed it on the frame and put the pin that holds the link into the frame in place and verified the barrel/link works like it should. I removed the barrel from the frame and just tried to put the slide onto the frame. I would take extreme force to even get the slide back on the frame and make it move. Also the spring guide rod (at the back part that supports the barrel) has one of the "ears" broken off. This gun has never had any +P or ++P ammo shot in it. Is this something I should send to Springfield to check into?


text:
Manny Pacquiao Versus Timothy Bradley, Saturday, June 9
At the MGM Grand Garden, Las Vegas, on HBO pay per view and Primetime {UK}
12 rounds, for Pacquiao's WBO welterweight title {147 pounds}
Manny Pacquiao Timothy Bradley
33 Age 28
General Santos City Hometown Palm Springs, California
Filipino Nationality American
Jan 22, 1995 Pro debut Aug 20, 2004
54-3-2 {38} Record 28-0 {12}
5ft 6 1/2ins Height 5ft 6ins
67ins Reach 69ins
Southpaw Stance Orthodox
353 Rounds boxed 194
64% KO rate 41%
38% Connect rate 33%
27% Opponent's connect rate 25%
+11 Compubox +/- +8
n/a Common opponents n/a
Previous five opponents
W MD 12 Juan Manuel Marquez W TKO 8 Joel Casamayor
W UD 12 Shane Mosley W TD 10 Devon Alexander
W UD 12 Antonio Margarito W UD 12 Luis Carlos Abregu
W UD 12 Joshua Clottey W UD 12 Lamont Peterson
W TKO 12 Miguel Cotto NC 3 Nate Campbell
***1/2 Recent opposition quality ***
****1/2 Career opposition quality ***
Manny Pacquiao:
Considered by most to be boxing's premier offensive fighter -- No longer the one-handed searcher of his featherweight days, has now evolved into a dynamic ring stylist--Is able to counter, stalk or employ stick and move tactics depending on the opponent at hand -- Athleticism and reflexes compliment his excellent coordination and balance -- His potent combination of speed, power and explosiveness may be unrivaled in the modern game -- Rapier left hand remains his most sinister weapon --Counter right hook from the southpaw stance is also dangerous --Prefers to utilize the jab as more of a decoy before launching an attack -- Lateral and upper-body movement along with added patience and a far less deliberate approach have made him tougher to hit -- Despite the steep rise in weight, his chin remains formidable -- Brilliant at feinting an opponent out of position -- His uncanny ability to string five-or six punches together which are thrown in unpredictable patterns,from unconventional angles and with great speed,equates to him being one of the most effective combination punchers around -- Outstanding multi-dimensional footwork that allows him to drift in and out, and around his opponent is arguably his greatest asset.
Other Issues:
Is his hunger and desire still once what it was? Will his leg cramps continue to be a problem? Are recent poor showings the result of erosion in a 33 year-old fighter who relies heavily on physical gifts?
Timothy Bradley:
Tremendously versatile,is able to fight from the outside or at close quarters --Short, stocky and muscular, he is right at home either by taking the lead and pressurizing or by laying back and countering --Solid technical skills --Often the smaller man, his exceptional timing allows him to outbox taller opponents -- Makes up for lack of knockout power with volume, grit and a willingness to take risks and trade--Good combination puncher -- Has an excellent overhand right -- Determination and hunger are possibly second to none --Quick reflexes -- Can sometimes become reckless when throwing his counter left hook -- Possesses an accurate, rapid fire jab -- Very good body puncher -- Lack of height and tucked in chin makes for a small, difficult to hit target -- Phenomenal conditioning and stamina -- Recovers fast when hit -- Hand and footspeed are vastly underrated -- Has been accused of head butting his opponents throughout his career. <br >
Other Issues:
Will he be out of his depth facing one of boxing's consensus top two? Can he fight effectively at 147 pounds having only fought there just once before? With only 12 knockouts on his record, a win inside the distance seems unlikely....Can he secure a decision against, who is quite possibly,boxing's most marketable commodity?
Make no mistake about it, this is a very tough fight for Manny Pacquiao. For the first time since his featherweight campaign, Manny will be facing an opponent in Timothy Bradley, who is young, skilled,athletic and in his prime. He is also undefeated and hungry. Simply put, unless we see a Manny Pacquiao who is firing on all cylinders on June 9th, it's a fight he could wind up losing. Ever since the fight was first announced, I've had my doubts. I believe that Top Rank -and Pacquiao for that matter- made a questionable decision in choosing Bradley as their next opponent. Tim Bradley is the stereotypical young and hungry fighter who is regularly avoided by other top fighters -I'm reminded of Clubber Lang in the movie "Rocky 3" . Men like Charley Burley, Aaron Pryor, Mike McCallum and Mark Johnson-high risk with little reward-were never granted their day in the sun against boxing's best whilst being in their primes.Bradley's wish is Pacquiao's command. It is my belief that Pacquiao's representatives view Bradley as a Ricky Hatton-type fighter -a one-dimensional reckless aggressor- who is going to allow their prized asset to get back on the knockout trail on June 9th, without posing much of a risk due to his low knockout rate. If this is indeed the case, they are sorely mistaken.
Despite Pacquiao being the clear betting favourite, I believe Bradley possesses the kind attributes and experience to pull off the upset.Bradley is five years younger than Pacquiao.Bradley will be undoubtedly, the fastest fighter -both of hand and foot- that Pacquiao has ever faced.Bradley can fight effectively in close or at range.Bradley can lead or counter. Bradley is also aware of what problems are presented when faced with a southpaw -he has faced no fewer than ten, including a switch-hitting Junior Witter, throughout his career,which is a vast percentage of his 28 fights.
A quick glance of the above illuminates the essential ingredient to Bradley's chances. Versatility. Tim Bradley,like Andre Ward, is a boxing chameleon.Look at his fights with Alexander, Abregu and Peterson, you will see a different tactical approach from Bradley in each. He is also capable of adjusting and adapting throughout a fight, something quite frankly, no Pacquiao opponent has been capable of doing other than Erik Morales back in 2005, who remains to this day, the only man to defeat Pacquiao beyond doubt on American land.
Manny Pacquiao, just like Floyd Mayweather, can be beat.
If we look at Pacquiao's welterweight opponents up until the Shane Mosley bout -De La Hoya to Antonio Margarito- they all fought Pacquiao the same way -standing right there in front of him. Pacquiao's ability to feint, step around and attack is too much for static fighters. Pacquiao's handspeed rates very high, but his mobility is the foundation of his attack. His superb footwork allows him to create punching angles on offense and enables him to evade counters on defense. Pacquiao's offense is his defense. Pacquiao's fluidity around the ring is the reason flat footed fighters, particularly larger ones, get caught up in an offensive storm. It's why all of Pacquiao's opponent's share the same downfall -they don't see his punches coming.
Against Floyd Mayweather and Sergio Mora, Shane Mosley fought flat-footed. Against Pacquiao, we saw something different. When Shane got knocked down in the third round and then got up, Pacquiao -one of the better finishers in boxing- couldn't get to him. Yes, Mosley was hesitant to exchange, but he succeeded in keeping Manny from hitting him for much of the remainder of the fight -something no other welterweight Pacquiao opponent could muster.
So how did Mosley achieve this?
Simple, he remembered that he was fighting a southpaw and, unlike Pacquiao's previous opponents, remembered to get his lead foot outside of Pacquiao's lead foot. Mosley survived the rest of the fight by moving to his left and maintaining distance using the jab. This strategy was repeated with even better results during Pacquiao's next fight against Juan Manuel Marquez. Marquez however, unlike Mosley, is a natural counterpuncher. Marquez was able to constantly keep Manny off balance by moving to his left, feinting and landing with right hands from the outside. Both Mosley and Marquez were able to make Pacquiao fall short through subtle foot adjustments, but they both lacked the speed to get back into firing range after the evasive maneuver. Pacquiao is an ultra aggressive fighter who has an easier time with opponents who are aggressive like him. Mosley and Marquez were the opposite, they used Manny's aggression against him.
Just making Manny miss however, is not enough to win a fight. This is what, I believe, cost Marquez in his last attempt at trying to better Pacman. For me, the ultimate blueprint in derailing Manny Pacquiao lies within Erik Morales' work against him in 2005. Morales, like Mosley and Marquez, also realized he was facing a left handed fighter and kept moving to his left, away from the power hand. But what Morales was able to do differently, was to be aggressive at the right times -between Pacquiao ambushes. If you go back and view the fight, you will see Morales always staying out of range of Pacquiao's left hand. Everytime Pacquiao stepped to his left -Manny is unconventional in this regard- Morales stepped to his left. We were left with a visual of two fighters constantly circling clockwise around the ring. With Manny's left hand taken away, Morales, through his astute sense of timing, was able to catch Manny with double jabs and straight right hands over the top of his right shoulder. Morales always knew when to be aggressive and when to defend.
Many will argue that Manny is a different fighter now, that he is more complete. I agree. But he is still a southpaw, and I believe that Bradley, just like Morales and Marquez, knows how to deal with them. Going one step further, I believe if Bradley can get by the first few rounds -Pacquiao will likely land something substantial- then he could dominate the fight.
I believe Bradley is going to have the perfect strategy on June 9th, by using his defense to aid his offense. Bradley will be preparing his positioning to attack while defending. Like I mentioned earlier, I believe Top Rank are anticipating Bradley to come out like a bullet from a gun at the opening bell. Bradley is better than that.
Here is what I believe to be Timothy Bradley's strategy on June 9th:
~ Always move to the left and away from the left hand, keeping the lead foot outside of Manny's lead foot ~ As Manny falls short, fall in with a double jab, with a right hand behind it, Manny's response will be to either back up, or stand and trade, and if it's the latter, Bradley could wind up inside, where I believe Manny will be at a huge disadvantage in this fight ~ Always avoid the mid-range where Manny does his most dangerous work, stay on the outside where you can make him reach, or get right inside where you can exploit any inside weaknesses ~ Manny is a rhythm fighter, disrupt his rhythm with the jab, throw it in threes and fours to stop him countering, keep him from entering his range ~ Never charge in, wait until he's reaching, use your own footwork to step around and get inside that way, once there, work the body ~ remember the angle, circle left, jab as you rotate.
On the other hand, there are areas that Pacquiao can exploit. Bradley can sometimes get wild at the end of exchanges; if he opens up, Manny could catch him with his straight left hand down the middle. Bradley also likes to double up on his left hook -upstairs and down. When he throws it, he needs to maintain defensive responsibility as this is how Kendall Holt caught him during their bout. Bradley cannot afford to become over aggressive either. Against Ricky Hatton, Pacquiao's ability to side step the Briton's attacks and connect with an overhand left is what turned his lights out. Pacquiao also had success with his counter right hook as Hatton was steaming in. Manny Pacquiao possesses the type of explosive offense that, if an opponent is not one hundred percent focused, can end a fight early -there is the fear that Pacquiao,with his superior handspeed and power,will be able to overwhelm the smaller Bradley.
One thing we must pay attention to is Timothy Bradley's use of the head. Personally, I don't think it is his intention -as was claimed on Jim Lampley's Fight Game- to use the head in this way. Bradley is often the smaller fighter, who tucks in his chin to lower the risk of walking onto something as he advances. Pacquiao has been in this situation before. Against Agapito Sanchez in 2001, Pacquiao suffered two separate cuts from "accidental" headbutts. Both Pacquiao and Bradley dip low when they throw their power shots...let's hope this is not an issue on June 9th.
I've long said, that if Pacquiao and Mayweather ever decide to get into the ring with one another, then I would pick Pacquiao as the winner,based on his superior footspeed at this stage in their careers. Mayweather is a lot more stationary these days, relying more on his upper body movement as opposed to his legs. This is where Bradley differs from Mayweather. I actually believe that Bradley's foot speed is comparable to Manny's, which I think is key to the fight. Manny has the best A game in boxing, which is to come in with fast punches, then move off at a different angle. However,I'm not sure he can adjust during a fight if things are not going his way. For the first time since Erik Morales,I think Pacquiao is going to have to adapt to his opponent during a fight. If Bradley is able to avoid the Pacquiao mid-range and control the action at distance by keeping Manny off balance, and in close,by putting Manny on the back foot and smothering, then I think Manny will be in for one of the worst nights of his legendary career. I really do believe Bradley has everything going for him in this fight to get the job done. Youth, technique, speed, desire, determination, stamina, knowledge of fighting southpaws...you name it.
If Bradley can avoid a gun slinging contest, which I think he can by isolating Pacquiao with his feet,then use his footspeed and superior in-fighting skills to capitalize on Pacquiao falling short after reaching, then I don't think it matters that Pacquiao is the marquee fighter here. I believe Timothy Bradley could beat him beyond doubt winning a decision in what would be one of the biggest upsets of this era.
Spot on breakdown, I believe we're in for an upset come June 9. Those who think Bradley will be all wreckless and over agressive are in for a rude awakening. Bradley will fight a very tactical disiplined fight against Pacman, like his fight vs Witter. All those reasons stated in the article will come into play. We won't see any four to six punch combos from Pac cuz he's gonna have a hard time finding Bradley do to his foot speed. I also see Bradley switching up his game to keep Manny guessing, boxing and countering then attacking suddenly. The second half of the fight Manny's legs will cramp again causing him to rest along the ropes where Bradley will unleash his superior inside game.
Tim Bradley is a man of tin. On his arse, Da Manny's Pac-punches are gonna heavily RAIN! For Da Manny, it will be one easy win. TB is gonna be in so much PAIN! TB is a grandmaster of the trick of the trade of the cranium crush. To be careful of his chocolate dome, Da Manny must. That is some chocolate that is no yummy, yummy treat. Neutralizing the blast of it will make "Desert Fox" General Omar Bradley -- I mean "Desert Storm" Timmy Bradley -- so easy to beat. Da jive sucka is gonna smoke and burn like desert-grass straw. He will not be able to handle the fire and heat of Da Manny's blazin quickdraw.
Da desert-domain TB is seeing a mirage of beating Da Manny. But in dat squared jungle, the raining of reality and actuality are going to be quite uncanny. TB will be dreaming of being in his pit. But in dat squared jungle, outta him Da Manny will be beating da double fudge, holy sh*t!
And Da Manny is not taking any head-butting Yanky -- I mean hanky -- panky. On Buffalo Soldier Sgt. Cinderella -- I mean Cali Cranium Crusherella -- with all this Bradley-got-a-chance superhype, Da Manny is going to put down a vicious KNOCKOUT of a STANK, I mean a Yank, for TB trying to use his big, ole, arse cranium like an Omar Bradley tank. [Big GRIN!] Hehehe! Hahaha! Da Manny is now da Yankexecutioner. Holla
BTW, Bradley has no hand or foot speed. As his deliverly cranium crushing is a adroitly optical illusion, so are his flouncing and fluctuating of his hands and feet.
Radam G RESPOST: "The uneducated and unprofessional eyes take TB's flouncing and fluctuating with his hands and feet as speed, when it is nothing more and/or less than a lot of exaggeration and shifting back and forward with uncertainty."
This dude is just an upscaled bum plus -- a B+ fighter, who has been fighting in a cleaned out division, because all the top guns left it and went to welterweight. Holla!
upset is possible but I doubt it. Who wins? tyson or the south beach cannible? i got the cannible
Who ever wrote this captured the full scenario in my minds eye. This the very realized piece down to the most minute detail.
you can't argue that Pac is very dangerous,.. but his effectiveness decreases exponentially when is opponents move. Give him a stationary target,.. and that's all she wrote. Give Pac some movement,.. and you can see the wheels turn and grind in his mind as he struggles to map out another a plan of attack.
If Bradley is good at one thing,.. it's taking advantage of his opponents weaknesses,.. he fights the fight his opponents aren't comfortable with, and he gradually escalates his attack from there.
Watch Bradley's last fight against Cassamayor,.. I thought he was being very tentative in the early rounds. But he'd done his homework against Cassamayor who is the KING of intentional headbutts and dirty tactics and you'll see Bradley make a conscious effort to stand straight up and prevent himself from getting caught by Cassamayors lunging missile like forehead.
It was a brilliant adjustment that had the ref warn Cassamayor repeatedly for trying to bore in with his head and pretend like it was Bradleys fault.
We know Pac is the overwhelming favorite... but maybe.... Just maybe.... Bradley's got a plan.
Easy fight for Pac. Im going to go to Buffalo wild wings to watch it cuz I don't expect it to be a good fight but I hope im wrong.
Lowered expectations Ali,... I don't blame you. no sense in getting setup for a letdown.
Ultimo,... couldn't have said it better myselt.
I think Kel Brook would have a much better chance at beating Pac then Bradley but Timothy has truly earned a shot.
CasaMayor is/was a way-passed-his-prime tomato can when he danced with the Cali Cranium Crusher. Bradley fought a dude that was truthfully about Bradley's pops's age. When Bradley's pops, "Big Ray," saw CasaMayor's old a$$, he asked him to borrow some epsom salt and Vicks rubbing grease. Hehehehe!
I know how the age game works in this seedy game, so I stand by my claims of the Jamaican-Cuban being old enough to have helped Sonny "Night Train" Liston turn on the lights when God Said, "Let There Be Light." Of course, Night Train said, "Okey, BOSS!" And turned on the light, and knocked CasaMayor's arse out for trying to turn 'em first. Hehehehe!
Bradley's best laid plan against Da Manny should be to be like Bambi, and run like H#LL! But he will still get caught and kayoed with those slow-a$$ muscle-bound feet on him. I bet even the little toes on dat sucka are half the size of his crash-into-yo-face dome. Holla!
Preach it RG!!
WTF ever happened to #1 Pacfan?? He just vanished like Keyser Soze.
Where ever #1 is, I'm sure he'd have something interesting to say about this fight.
I don;t think so
Pac is not the Chris Byrd of the welterweight division, i.e., someone who has become overrated by outslicking slow, ponderous opponents. Granted, his opponents have been chosen somewhat selectively at the welterweight level and he is the older fighter going against a very good younger fighter. But Pac is awfully good, hits hard and throws a ton of punches, and some pretty elite fighters have switched to survival mode after a few rounds with him. Don't bet the house, but the Pacman should win this one.
I'm bettin' da house, da dog and three bags of chips. Holla!
The breakdown: two words. Head. Butt.
A pretty good breakdown and a possible scenario. A lot depends on Manny legs. Will they give way or will they carry him through. If Mannys legs dont let him down then I see him stopping Bradley late in the fight. My reasoning: Mannys punches are sharper and more accurate. Bradley often throws wild punches and Manny will catch him either between or at the end of those punches. Bradley is B+ as a technician but certainly not an A+ technician like Marquez or Mayweather. Sure, he will certainly engage Manny but I do not anticipate the sharp counter punching ability that Marquez brought to the table. Bradley is quick with his feet but his handspeed is overated. He certainly is not slow but not exceptionally fast either. In the fight with Devon Alexander he was winging wild punches although to his credit he was presing the fight. I see a fight where he gets hit with a lot of shots and starts to trade with Manny much like the Cotto fight. He may go the distance or the fight will get stopped at about the 10th by his corner. The other scenario is that Mannys legs start to cramp up, he becomes more stationary and it becomes a wild slugfest with Bradley winning a split decision - an unlikely scenario with a Paquiao fight in Vegas. Should be agood scrap however.
#1PacFan got his eyes on you. Hehehehe! I bet you that. He's probably laughing his arse off. You dudes are just amazing how easily that you are conned by optical illusions, reality distortion, make-believe actuality and media manipulation, especially with HBO's humbuggery, bullsh*tology and outlandishness. Holla!
You're way over-thinking and hyping this fight. Bradley has no power, engages entirely too much and has no experience with a fighter of Manny's caliber. At this stage, I see Manny as having issues outside the ring that could conceivably lead to a loss--against Floyd for sure or Marquez--but not to Tim Bradley. Bradley brings no firepower, no weapon, no special skill other than his will to win, which I will grant him, is powerful but not powerful enough. He's also not really fast, more like sort of fast and not really effective when he is and if he tries to bang it out with Manny, he's just going to get crushed--by an upper-cut i suspect. He can move to Manny's left, as you keep pointing out, but he's too small and he'll get killed there too. You're comparing Bradley to two vastly better fighters than himself--Mosley and Morales-and its got you talking crazy talk. This should be over in about 8 round with Manny winning by tko.
Who will win the Sergey Kovalev vs Andre Ward fight?


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FISL 12, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brasilia, DFJUG, Goiania, and The Developers Conference, São Paulo
By arungupta on Jun 23, 2011
|Jun 26 - Jul 2
12, Porto Alegre
|Jul 3
|Sao Jose Do Rio Preto JUG
|Jul 4 - 5
|DFJUG Taguatinga, Brasilia and
other venues
|Jul 6 - 7
|Goiania JUG and other venues
|Jul 8 - 9
Developers Conference, São Paulo
- Even though my main focus will be Java EE 6/7 and GlassFish but
feel free to ask any question.
- There are several speakers from Oracle at FISL so stop by at the booth and talk to us.
- @paulojeronimo,
with the help of the local community, organized a 10k
run on the morning of Jul 5th. So please feel free to run along,
should be fun.
- @raphaeladrien mentioned about some nice parks near my hotel in Goiania so you'll find me running there as well.
- There will be interesting discussions around different Web frameworks in Goiania.
- And then there are always 4 things to not miss in Brazil - Churrascaria, Guarana, Coffee, Caipirinha.


text:
Oversight: They Build What We Accept
Jim Sorenson
Office of Asset Management
Construction Oversight: They Build What We Accept
(Slide 1)
Jim Sorenson
(Slide 2)
Stewardship has become a hot topic in recent years (this Excellence in Stewardship conference is an example). Several new policy memos, and many discussion papers have been developed in the last couple of years to better clarify our stewardship roles and responsibilities. Capka and King Gee Jan 2003 and Schimmoller Jun 22, 2001
As you all know, Stewardship is an overarching responsibility for managing all of our federal programs in an efficient and effective manner. While the concept of stewardship is easily understood, many questions and concerns remain, particularly with one element of stewardship: Oversight.
Oversight generates so much discussion because it is the primary stewardship responsibility by which the FHWA is held accountable (i.e. - when newspapers, GAO, IG's office, congressional inquires, etc., chastise FHWA it is nearly always due to a lack of oversight), and because the FHWA's level of oversight and methods for performing oversight have changed so dramatically over the years.
Oversight and Quality
(Slide 3)
Oversight is the primary element of Stewardship that ensures we get the quality that we are looking for in our projects. In recent testimony by Mary Peters before the House appropriations Committee, she spoke about the basic requirements of a successful project and said "The project must deliver a quality product that meets all the scope and commitment requirements; it must be delivered on time and within budget; and it must be carried out in a safe manner; ..and we must deliver these project in a manner that justifies public trust and confidence in out ability to be good stewards of the resources entrusted to us."
During the morning session, Jeff Lewis spoke about the Construction Program Management and Inspection Guide. The Guide emphasizes construction oversight as the means for ensuring that highway improvements are constructed to a desired quality.
The Guide and workshops are intended to:
We cannot give you the 15-20 years experience needed to comfortably make the risk decisions need but we can offer some guidance and tools for your use.
Who wrote this report...
(Slide 4)
" ...the effectiveness of the control and inspection procedures right on the site where the actual project was being carried out was the spot where we found falsification. But they were doing exceptionally well on design for instance and in other areas in the various phases of acquisition, design work, contract award, all these were conducted on a high level. But at the spot where construction was carried out they were not complying with specification as to design and quality of material. At that point it broke down and some fraudulent reports were written by incompetent young men, underpaid, untrained and inexperienced......It is things such as this that we find over and over again. No matter how well the operation is planned and designed and spelled out in detail, at a given point we find there is a breakdown and at that point the whole operation or project breaks down."
(Slide 5)
"...How widespread is it?....The disturbing this is we cannot prove that it isn't widespread. In the face of this we must maintain the confidence of Congress in this Program.... The thing for you to look at is what is the attitude, what is the degree and level of confidence of Congress in you men, both on the Federal level and the State level..."
Let me read you an excerpt from a speech given during an annual AASHTO Meeting...
Do you know who gave this speech?...
Does this 1963 speech still have a familiar ring today?
Are you experiencing these kinds of problems in your state?
And 40 years later...
(Slide 6)
The Honorable John A. Blatnik, chairman of the House Special Subcommittee on the Federal-aid Highway Program speaking on "Highways and the Congress", at the 41st Annual AASHO Conference, June 1963.
|Blatnik's Special Subcommittee ushered in a new era of construction oversight by the FHWA that continued well into the 1980's.
Evolution of FHWA Oversight
(Slide 7)
The Early Years
During the early years of the Federal aid Program, from about 1920 to the 1950's, the Bureau of Public Roads (predecessor of the FHWA) had built up the concept of the Federal-State Partnership approach, which worked extremely well - provided your Partner was truly your partner and didn't withhold information from you.
Thomas MacDonald, who was Chief of the BPR from 1919 to 1953, believed that the States must retain the initiative in administering the Federal-aid highway program, and the Bureau of Public Roads should make such checks as necessary to protect the Federal interest.
During this period, the BPR was considered the main technical source for State and local agencies. BPR field engineers were frequently called upon to help solve complicated design or construction problems. The open federal/state partnerships were generally based on "common goals" and "value added" expertise that BPR brought to the table.
1960's - The Interstate Era
Evolution of FHWA Oversight
(Slide 8)
In 1957 the Federal-Aid Highway Act was signed, ushering in the interstate development era. Throughout the 1960's, the size of the Federal-aid program expanded greatly to focus on building the massive Interstate System. From 1955 to 1974 Federal-aid highway program authorizations increased over 900 percent, while the size of the FHWA staff increased 68 percent.
The rapid increase in the size of the program, also resulted in serious problems with oversight. Allegations of corruption, financial problems, and lack of project management. In 1959 the House of Representatives Public Works Committee established the special investigative committee under John Blatnik that was mentioned earlier. The committee's investigations found that some of the allegations were valid, but concluded that the Program overall was well run.
As a result of these concerns with oversight, the BPR substantially changed its program execution responsibilities. The Division Office focus changed from recommending and advising to project level actions including detailed reviews and approvals.
While the BPR was becoming increasingly involved in project level actions, it was also struggling with how to effectively manage a program that was continuing to increase in size at a rapid pace. During this period, the BPR implemented systems to rely more heavily on the States for project oversight. This included the Secondary Road Plan and Certification Acceptance.
Evolution of FHWA Oversight
(Slide 9)
1970's - Today - Increased State Flexibility
In 1967 the USDOT was formed, and the BPR became the FHWA. By the early 1970's, due to the increased program size and because other socio-economic and environmental concerns were requiring additional attention, the FHWA faced the dilemma of not being able to maintain their previous level of project reviews, despite the increased size of the FHWA's workforce. Meanwhile, the FHWA was also gaining increased confidence in the States' technical competence and abilities to manage their own construction programs.
In 1973 Congress initiated Certification Acceptance, which reduced the scope of Federal monitoring of Federal-aid highway projects on all but the Interstate System. This was interpreted to be recognition of the increased capabilities of the State highway departments.
FHWA's 1974 Manpower Utilization Study recommended more "coordination and promotion" with less emphasis on monitoring and reviewing project actions. This report also recognized a process review method of monitoring the States implementation of the Program would be desirable. This was the beginning of the transition from project to process/program reviews.
ISTEA (1991) significantly changed the Federal role by offering the Sates more independence on carrying out a significant portion of the program, and shifting the federal role primarily to program level oversight.
TEA-21 further delegated authority to the States by releasing oversight functions under agreement between the FHWA and the State's. TEA-21 also increased federal oversight for major project of over $1 billion, with helped create confusion of the federal role.
Evolution of FHWA Oversight
(Slide 10)
Many changes have taken place in the US highway construction industry over the years, and the quality of the highway in the U.S. has undoubtedly improved over time because of these changes, as these pictures depict. Today, Americans enjoy one of the finest transportation system in the world.
But the needs and expectations of the American people are constantly changing, and as a result transportation agencies and the highway industry are constantly having to raise the bar in order to continue to satisfy their customers. Traditional ways of doing business are constantly being redefined by the publics changing priorities. In the early years, the priority was simply to have surfaced roads to get from farm to market. Later, the bar was raised by the public's need to have an efficient coast-to-coast highway network which ushered in the development of the interstate system. In today's working environment, the bar is being raised again. The public not only wants, but also demands a safe, efficient, long lasting national highway system. In short, the public wants to see continuous improvements in the quality of their highways.
Evolution of FHWA Oversight
(Slide 11)
So where does that leave us as we move into the future?
Just as the transportation community of 50 years ago faced the task of building a national interstate system, today the transportation community is looking at how to best utilize resources, lessen congestion, improve safety and increase longevity of the infrastructure. FHWA plays a major role in addressing these issues, by promoting innovative practices, and working with our partners to find new solutions to our highway problems. Additionally, since FHWA is accountable for the success of the federal-aid program, we will always have our oversight responsibilities.
We've come full circle in how we conduct oversight, with hopefully a better understanding of our Federal/State relationship and our respective roles and responsibilities. From the strong project oversight of the 1960's to the delegated construction oversight of the 1980's and 1990's, to the renewed recognition of the need for construction oversight today.
With the higher standards demanded by today's consumers it's clear that we must continue to be proactive in meeting the public's expectations for quality and accountability as the guardian of the national transportation system.
The Dilemma for Today's Field Engineers
(Slide 12)
We all know the dilemma FHWA and the States are facing
Moving Forward
(Slide 13)
What needed as we move forward with our construction stewardship responsibility.
Continued emphasis on program level oversight. Program reviews should be based on Division risk assessments. Program reviews should be conducted as Joint FHWA/State reviews to ensure full buy-in of the final results.
Need to employ tools and training to build up the expertise that we have lost through attrition.
Proactive Stewardship means we should assess out leadership in delivering the Federal Highway Programs in an effective and efficient manner, and making changes as needed to refine our processes. This includes considering GAO and IG recommendations for FHWA oversight, and working with AASHTO and the States as needed to clarify our partnership roles.
Mary Peters - July 29, 2004
(Slide 14)
Things are certainly different today, but that doesn't have to be bad. I think it is up to us to reestablish in a new role. We certainly have a valuable role to play and much to contribute, it will just be in a different way than in the past. Likely more program than project related, and to be the guardian of a national transportation system, which is uniquely our role.
This Takes You: FHWA Eyes and Ears
(Slide 15)
Truly a Transportation Leader
Available Resources
(Slide 16)
(Slide 17)
Ken Jacoby
Jeff Lewis


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text:
Roth IRA Gift for Minor
Original post by Mike Parker of Demand Media
A Roth individual retirement account is treated like a traditional individual retirement account for income tax purposes, with some notable exceptions. Contributions to a Roth IRA are not deductible when you file your federal income tax return. If you meet certain qualifications, withdrawals from your Roth IRA are free from federal income taxes. There are no age limits on a Roth IRA, so you can contribute toward a minor's Roth IRA, provided you observe certain requirements.
Earned Compensation
No one is too young to have a Roth individual retirement account. Unlike most investment accounts, anyone, including minors, can have a Roth IRA. The only stipulation is that the individual must have earned compensation. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) considers earned compensation to be income from working, including income from employment or self-employment.
Qualifying Income
You can only fund a Roth IRA with taxable earned income dollars. This means the minor must have earned income in her own name. This income cannot be investment income, such as dividends or interest income. This income cannot be in the form of an allowance from parents for doing household chores, but it can include pay from babysitting or mowing the neighbor's lawn. An amount equal to 100 percent of the taxable income earned by a minor child, up to a maximum of $5,000 as of the time of publication, can be contributed into the child's Roth IRA.
Roth IRA Gift
There is no requirement that the same dollars the minor child earned be used to fund her Roth IRA. The only stipulation is that the minor child must have taxable earned income and that the contribution to her Roth IRA cannot exceed the amount of that income or $5,000, whichever is less. The minor child may spend her earnings any way she likes, and you can still contribute an amount equal to the maximum allowed by current tax regulation to her Roth IRA as a gift.
There is no tax deduction for contributions to a Roth IRA. The minor child cannot take a tax deduction when she files her federal income tax return, and you cannot take a deduction for contributing to her Roth IRA. The funds in the minor child's Roth IRA are allowed to grow tax deferred for as long as they remain in the Roth account. Keep in mind that the child's Roth IRA belongs to her. Once you have made a contribution into her Roth IRA you no longer have control over what she does with those funds.
- Tax Guide for Investors; Roth IRAs for Minors; Kaye A. Thomas; January 2008
- "Kiplinger"; Can Your Child Open a Roth IRA?; Janet Bodnar; January 2008
- IRS.gov: Roth IRAs
- IRS.gov: What is Earned Income?
About the Author
Mike Parker has been writing professionally for more than 15 years. His work has appeared in various print and online publications, including "Grassroots Music Magazine," "Christian Single Magazine," BuddyHollywood.com and Lifeway.com. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in bible from Hardin-Simmons University.


text:
Brian's exclusive forecast for Baltimore, Annapolis, and northern Delmarva:
Tonight: Cloudy with mist and fog. Temperatures rising into the 50s by morning.
Monday: Variable cloudiness with rain and snow showers. Temperatures falling into the upper 20s to lower 30s by evening. Winds gusting from the NW at 20 to 40 m.p.h. at times with wind chill values below zero.
Monday Night: Clear, windy, and cold with a low around 5. NW wind gusting over 25 m.p.h. at times. Wind chill values below zero.
Tuesday: Sunny, breezy, and cold with a high around 15. West wind 10 to 20 m.p.h. at times.
Tuesday Night: Clear and cold with a low around 5. Winds diminishing to less than 10 m.p.h.
The extended outlook calls for sunshine on Wednesday with a high in the upper 20s. Clouds and sun on Thursday with evening snow showers. The low will be in the lower 20s and the high will be in the upper 30s. A chance of rain and/or snow showers on Friday with a low in the lower 30s and a high in the mid 40s. Clouds and sun on Saturday with a low around 35 and a high around 50. Mostly sunny on Sunday with a low around 35 and a high in the lower 50s.
As the sun begins to set on Chesapeake Bay, areas of mist and fog are being reported. Temperatures are quite mild to the south and east of Annapolis with 5 p.m. readings in the 50s and 60s near Ocean City, Salisbury, and Richmond. Meanwhile, to the north and west the mercury is struggling to break above the freezing mark. In places like Frederick, freezing mist has caused icy conditions all day. Despite the persistence of the cold across northern Maryland, the cold front approaching from the west will cause warmth to surge northward ahead of the frontal boundary so that temperatures may be as warm as the low to mid 50s by morning in the Annapolis area. Strikingly, by evening we may be in the upper 20s with a wind gusting from the northwest at 20 to 40 miles per hour! A few rain and/or snow showers may accompany the frontal passage on Monday, but no accumulation is expected. The main headline will be the tremendous cold that will send temperatures plunging to near zero by Tuesday morning. Locations right along the bay shore will probably stay in the single digits to around 10 degrees. Highs on Tuesday may stay in the teens with a wind chill below zero. Fortunately, the cold snap will be short-lived as the mercury recovers quickly into the 30s on Thursday and 40s by Friday. A storm system may bring rain or mixed precipitation to the area Thursday night into Friday. Right now, next weekend looks fair with highs in the 40s to lower 50s and overnight lows above freezing.
On the Maryland portion of Chesapeake Bay, a Small Craft Advisory is in effect from 6 p.m. this evening through Monday afternoon. Winds today will come out of the east at 10 knots with waves one foot or less. Visibility may be reduced in rain and fog. Winds tonight will come out of the south at 10 to 15 knots with waves from 1 to 2 feet. Visibility may be reduced in rain and fog. Winds on Monday will come out of the northwest at 15 to 25 knots with gusts over 40 knots and waves from 2 to 4 feet. Visibility may be reduced in rain and/or snow showers. Winds on Monday night will come out of the northwest at 15 to 25 knots with gusts over 30 knots and waves from 2 to 4 feet. Winds on Tuesday will come out of the west at 10 to 20 knots with gusts over 30 knots and waves from 2 to 4 feet. Marine information is provided as general guidance. Boaters should always stay tuned to the latest forecasts and advisories from the National Weather Service.
The average high temperature for January 5 is 42 degrees and the average low is 25 degrees. The records at Baltimore on this date are 69 degrees in 1997 and 1 degree in 1877. Today's sunrise will occur at 7:26 and the sunset will occur at 4:58. Weather data courtesy of the National Weather Service. For more weather updates, please visit my Chesapeake Bay Weather page on Facebook, and if you're heading to Ocean City feel free to check out my Ocean City MD Weather page on Facebook. You can also follow me on Twitter @chesbayweather.