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(Petaurus breviceps)
The sugar glider is possibly the most commonly known of all the glider species in Australia. The sugar glider has 5 known subspecies. 2 subspecies are found in Papua New Guinea, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. The South Australian subspecies is P.b. breviceps, Queensland's subspecies is P.b. longicaudatus, and Northern Territory and Western Australia subspecies is P.b. ariel. The sugar glider's gliding distance is very similar to the squirrel glider as it can also glide up to 90 meters between trees.
Sugar gliders earned their name from their love of eating nectar and flowers but they eat insects too. The scientific name Petaurus breviceps means short-headed rope dancer. The sugar glider was actually introduced into Tasmania in 1835, and remains the only species of glider in the state. The sugar glider is widely used in the pet trade especially in the United States of America.
The sugar glider's fur is a blue-grey to brown grey above with a dark stripe that extends from the middle of the head to the mid-back region. The tail can have a white tip whereas the squirrel glider never has a white tip. The face of the sugar glider is blunter than the squirrel glider as well. The glider is about the size of a rat, the tail is about the thickness of a human thumb and is slimmer than the squirrel glider.
Body measurements:
The gliding membrane extends from wrist to ankle.
A loud cry similar to YIP-YIP-YIP. Droppings are small, black and pointed at one end sometimes joined by hairs. These are about 12 mm long and 4 mm wide.
Sugar gliders live in large groups during winter to conserve energy and these large groups disband during the summer months. The sugar glider is also one of the largest marsupials that have been confirmed to enter torpor. They can enter torpor daily for 13 hours at a time on days that would require large amounts of energy to maintain body temperature - these days include rainy days where the food sources are likely to be washed away and severe cold events.
Sugar gliders have been known to live up to 12 years however it is more common for them to live for 4-5 years in the wild.
Birth normally occurs 16 days after mating. This commonly takes place between August and December. Sugar gliders have 2 young per litter and can have 2 litters per year.
Males also assist with the care of the young; it is not all left to the females. Young are attached to the teat for 40 days, and emerge at 60-70 days. After emerging young are left in a nest for a further 50 days. Young will then forage with their mother until they are 7-10 months old.
Females reach sexual maturity at 8-15 months of age whereas males reach sexual maturity at 12 months of age.
The sugar glider's diet consists of insects, gums of wattle trees and eucalypt trees, manna (a white carbohydrate-rich crystalline substance that occurs on eucalyptus leaves), honeydew, nectar, pollen, sap, and invertebrates.
The dominant male marks his territory with saliva and a scent produced by separate glands on his forehead and chest.
Sugar gliders usually have a home range of about 0.5-7.1 hectares, and have a population density of between 0.01-6.1 individuals per hectare.
Native predators in their range include kookaburras, owls, goannas, snakes, and quolls.
The sugar glider is the most widespread of all the glider species and the most widespread of all arboreal marsupials in Australia here. Occur in every state and territory of Australia, however is largely confined to the coastal strips of Australia. It was introduced into Tasmania in 1835, occurs in New Guinea and other various neighbouring islands.
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This web site is presented for the purpose of disseminating information free of charge for the benefit of the public. While all reasonable care has been taken in publishing and maintaining this website, Wildlife Queensland and the sponsors of any material presented on this website accept no liability or responsibility whatsoever for, or in respect of, any use of this site or any reliance upon material contained on this website or any linked website.


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NYC bees
Bees are kept all around the world in built up populated areas, over 90% of beekeepers are simple hobby back garden beekeepers.
These beekeepers all ways have to managed the bees more dilegently as each town has it's own by-laws regarding keeping of
bees in residential areas.
If you are visiting New York City drop in and pick up some honey from; New York greenmarkets, Union Square, World Trade
Center and 77 Columbus. www.bee-man.com/
Enter content here
A past Mayor of Toronto 1967 - 72 Willium Dennison used to keep bees around the Gerrard and Church St area, he used
to say: He thought the bees could tell the difference between a hat decorated with follows and the real fowers, (we know
now bees are attracked to color and smells). We don't advertise local beekeepers today because the legalities change
from town to town. Most importantly your neighbours should be accepting of the honey bees.

subset: commoncrawl


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"The residents who live here, according to the parable, began noticing increasing numbers of drowning people caught in the river's swift current and so went to work inventing ever more elaborate technologies to resuscitate them. So preoccupied were these heroic villagers with rescue and treatment that they never thought to look UPSTREAM to see who was pushing the victims in."
Learn what is hurting your feet and your performance, and how to finally train your feet the way they were meant to be.
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BSMPG is proud to bring the face of British Olympic Sport to Boston for the 2013 BSMPG Summer Seminar - May 17th and 18th, 2013! Dr. Cardinale is one of the world's authority on sport preparation and performance and joins Dr. Stuart McGill as the second keynote speaker for this weekend event. With the greatest speaker line-up assembled to date, the 2013 BSMPG Summer Seminar will be the WORLD'S most sought after Sports Medicine & Performance Seminar to date!!
We are expecting the largest crowd to date with speakers and attendees traveling the globe to be in Boston in May of 2013, and thus have already made plans to move our main lecture hall to a newly renovated multi-tier auditorium.
Be sure to save the date now - hotels will fill fast with this event along with normal Boston traffic so start making plans now!
See you in Boston next May!!!
British Olympic Sport Association
Dr. Marco Cardinale is the Head of Sports Science and Research of the British Olympic Association. Dr. Cardinale is also the director of the Science and Research Unit of the British Olympic Medical Institute based in University College London, Institute of Sport Exercise and Health. Dr. Cardinale led the Sports Science activities for the preparation of Team GB at the Beijing 2008, Vancouver 2010 and London 2012 Olympic Games.
Dr. Cardinale is a former Handball coach and has been involved in coach education in various countries in the area of strength and conditioning and exercise physiology. A widely published and cited author in the scientific literature on various aspects of human performance, he has also patented an innovative exercise device consisting of an vibratory biofeedback system which received research awards from NEStech and the Scottish Design Council.
Dr. Cardinale holds honorary academic appointments at University College London in the division of surgical and interventional medicine, the University of Aberdeen in the School of Medical Sciences and a visiting professorship at the University of Genova. He has been an advisor to various companies (e.g. Polar Electro, Medisport and Technogym), government agencies (e.g. the European Space Agency, UK Sport and Higher Education Funding Council) and professional sport organizations and national governing bodies in 4 countries (USA, Italy, Spain, Sweden) before working in the UK. Dr. Cardinale has been invited speaker in scientific conferences and coaching clinics in 21 countries and has been ad-hoc reviewer for over 15 scientific journals and research grants agencies in the areas of sports science, physiology, biomechanics and bioengineering.
Dr Cardinale holds a B.Sc. from ISEF in Italy, an M.Sc. from the US Sports Academy in the USA and a PhD from Semmelweis University in Hungary.
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Chris Valaika's walk-off single backed up an impressive triple-A pitching debut for Eric Jokisch as the Iowa Cubs defeated the Memphis Redbirds 4-3 on Sunday at Principal Park.
Valaika singled to center, scoring Matt Szczur to give Iowa (1-3) their first win of the 2014 season and avoid a four-game sweep at the hands of the Redbirds (3-1).
Jokisch, who threw a no-hitter for the double-A Tennessee Smokies in 2013, pitched seven strong innings in his triple-A debut, scattering six hits and walking one while striking out three. Jokisch gave up two unearned runs in the first on a Chris Valaika error, followed by an errant pickoff attempt by Jokisch for the second error of the inning.
Iowa quickly got one run back in the bottom of the first on an RBI single by Josh Vitters, cutting the deficit to 2-1.
The I-Cubs would tie the game in the seventh when, Chicago Cubs top prospect, Javy Baez collected his first home run (and hit) in triple-A. The blast was the first of what figures to be many this season.
Iowa would take the lead in the eighth on a bases loaded walk to catcher Luis Flores.
Memphis catcher Ed Easley would tie the game in the ninth on an infield single setting the stage for Valaika's heroic in the bottom of the inning.
Zac Rosscup (1-0) picked up his first victory of the year for Iowa.
Iowa opens a four-game series with the Nashville Sounds on Monday night at Principal Park.
NOTES: Former Iowa Cubs outfielder Darnell McDonald announced his retirement from baseball on Sunday. McDonald, a first round pick of the Baltimore Orioles in the 1997 draft, appeared in 331 major league games in his career.


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College Hockey:Chiasson Goal Puts BU Back in Beanpot Final
BOSTON — When the final buzzer sounded at the TD Garden to end the nightcap at the 58th annual Beanpot, there were still 66 minutes before Groundhog Day began.
Unless, of course, you're with the Northeastern Huskies.
Beanpot king Boston University used an Alex Chiasson goal with 5:47 remaining in regulation to break a 1-1 tie as the Terriers knocked off the Huskies, 2-1, to advance to the Beanpot championship game for the 42nd time in the last 48 years.
The loss for Northeastern continued its Beanpot futility against the Terriers. The Huskies have not won a Beanpot title since 1988, have not beaten BU in the tournament since 1985 and have not won a semifinal game versus Terriers since 1983.
The BU win sets up a championship game matchup against the Terriers' top rival, Boston College, the 20th time the two schools will meet to decide the title, with BU holding a 12-7 edge.
"We like to play anyone in the Beanpot final," mused BU coach Jack Parker when asked about playing BC next Monday night.
This semifinal game played out like many in the past. BU and Northeastern battled back and forth like heavyweights, both teams getting stellar performances from their goaltenders. In the final minutes, the game was tied at 1 thanks to power-play goals from each team, Colby Cohen scoring for the Terriers in the second and Kyle Kraemer getting the equalizer on the power play on the third.
But when the game was on the line, it was BU that was able to make the big play. And it was the Terriers that yet again advanced.
This time, the big play was made by a freshman. After Northeastern attacked BU with numbers, Terrier blueliner David Warsofsky made a nifty play just inside the zone to poke check the puck and force a turnover. Warsofsky sent a feed to Chiasson, who skated two-on-one. After Northeastern's defender committed to take away the pass, Chiasson walked in and fired a shot on Northeastern goaltender Chris Rawlings (33 saves) that squeaked through and barely trickled over the goal line.
"I saw Zach Cohen going to the net so I just shot it and it went in short side," said Chiasson of the goal.
The winning goal came on a play that typified the actual story line of the game. Numerous times, Northeastern broke out of its defensive zone with numbers but almost every time, BU was able to either get a man back immediately to break up the odd-man rush or the Huskies would make a mistake to spoil the effort. On the case of the game-winning goal, it was the latter which made it more ironic that the result became an odd-man rush back the other way, one of the few BU got in the game.
"My biggest problem with the odd-man rushes is we wouldn't shoot the puck," said Northeastern coach Greg Cronin. "Part of that was they'd put their body in front of the shooting lane and part of it was our team trying to pick a bigger apple. Conservatively, we had six chances right in front of BU's net and we refused to shoot the puck."
The game began with a spirited, entertaining opening 20 minutes — quite a contrast to the 17,565 in attendance that had watched Boston College dismantle Harvard, 6-0, in a lackluster opening game. Neither team could get on the board thanks to good defense and excellent goaltending.
Northeastern controlled the early flow of the game but couldn't translate the territorial advantage into Grade A chances. Numerous odd-man rushes that should've resulted in quality bids morphed to either misconnected passes or shots off net.
Near the midway point of the period, BU began to take control of the flow and nearly took the early lead. The Terriers had four bids in close, started by a flurry that included three straight saves for Rawlings in a 10-second span at the 13-minute mark and then a final stop on Zach Cohen at 14:50.
BU held a 13-10 advantage in shots but the two teams headed to the locker rooms scoreless.
In the second, after Northeastern controlled the flow again in the early going, it was BU that finally got on the scoreboard. Colby Cohen fired a one-time shot from just above the goal line to Rawling's right that caught the rookie netminder moving laterally and sneaked past him on the power play at 8:23.
The Terriers hardly nursed that lead but couldn't expand before the end of the period. They put 15 shots on Rawlings in the period but were unable to solve him and took the 1-0 lead to the third.
BU seemingly had a golden opportunity to tie things when Northeastern's Alex Tuckerman was whistled for a five-minute major penalty and game misconduct for checking from behind at 2:46. But Northeastern's tenacious penalty kill — and a tiny bit of help from the post on a Kevin Shattenkirk bid at 3:46 — kept the BU lead to one.
As the major expired, BU took back-to-back penalties of its own — Warsofsky for contact-to-the-head cross-checking at 7:20 and Colby Cohen for hitting from behind at 7:41 — that gave the Huskies the chance they needed.
With just six seconds remaining in Cohen's penalty, Kraemer floated a shot through a screen that seemed to deflect and beat BU netminder Kieran Millan (26 saves) over the left shoulder with 10:26 remaining to tie things.
After BU regained the lead, Northeastern still had a chance to tie when Ross Gaudet was sent off for hooking at 18:32. But even with the goalie pulled, Northeastern struggled to muster any quality shots and Millan stood tall to the one great try, robbing Kraemer with a glove save with half a minute remaining to help the Terriers eke out the victory.
BU advanced to the title game in search of its 28th Beanpot title. And while many would think Parker is more than pleased to be in that position, he was empathetic toward Northeastern and Harvard (which hasn't won the title since 1993) on Monday night.
"People say they want to see BC and BU in the final," said Parker. "You know who wants that? BC and BU.
"The Beanpot is losing its luster a little bit if it's constantly going to be BC and BU winning this tournament. We dodged a bullet tonight but these teams, Harvard and NU, are real good hockey programs."
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Zhang X, Zhang L, Yang H, Huang, X, Otu H, Liberman T, DeWolf WC, Khosravi-Far R, Olumi AF. c-Fos as a pro-apoptotic agent in TRAIL-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Research, 2007, 67: 9425-34.
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Zhang X*, Huang X*, Olumi AF (*contributed equally). Repression of NF-kB and Activation of AP-1 Enhance Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells. International Journal of Cancer. 2009;124(8):1980-9.
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September is Prostate Health Month. MGH urologists discuss the prostate, its impact on men's health and offer advice on PSA screenings.
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What to expect during admission for a cystectomy procedure. A cystectomy is a surgical procedure to removal all or part of the urinary bladder.
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Lotus teamed up with hip hop artist and producer Swizz Beatz (a.k.a. the husband of world-famous R&B singer Alicia Keys) to make a special version of the Evora GTE, and the outcome of this collaboration has just been unveiled at the Alvin Ailey's Opening Night Gala in New York. However, the only thing that makes it different from the standard Evora GTE - which is already a sort of special edition in its own right - is its chrome ruby red paint job with black accents. Everything else is the same: it has a 3.5-liter supercharged V6 delivering 444 hp, modified rear wing, enlarged air-intakes and uses the same ultra-light materials, which allows it to be 100 kg lighter than the Evora S it derives from.
Swizz Beats will continue to cooperate with the British brand in future promotional and commercial events, a partnership that resembles what Range Rover did when they chose Victoria Beckham as testimonial for the launch and customization of the Evoque. One thing though: no bling, no jumping suspension.. we just cannot see the hip-hop touch on this car. Not that we are missing it.
via | AutoEvolution


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Sep 20, 2010 12:32 PM
Hey, hey, hey Outblushers, it's time once again for a word from our resident photo-know-it-all, Meggan Haller. Meggan and her husband Jeff, the owners of Keyhole Photo, serve up gorgeous wedding and documentary photography, and recently won the 2010 Bride's Choice Awards from WeddingWire.com. Want more? Check out their blog, look, for a daily dose of awesome.
Photographers, mark your calendars. This is the day you learned that a stylish camera bag can exist. In fact, this is the first time I've typed the words stylish and camera bag side-by-side without them spontaneously combusting. Ona has balls putting cameras, lenses, and accessories inside a full-grain leather bag, the Ona Nevis Bag ($329, on backorder for 4-6 weeks) that looks more like it could be on the arm of a dog-toting socialite than a photographer. And guess what, folks? This brand-new company is just getting started. By fall, maybe they will have cracked the holy grail and combined a stylish camera bag with the word, comfort. Gasp! I've heard it can't be done. Now that's something I might pay money for.
Camera bag? Hell, I want that as my REGULAR handbag, and I'm not a photographer at all! Cute!
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Outblush is a blog for girls who love to shop. Our staff digs up the best clothes, home stuff, beauty items, and more. New items are posted every day — bookmark us and check out:


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(September 5, 10:45 a.m. GMT+1) -- Tropical Storm Hanna is continuing to gather speed as it nears the US coast. Hanna is now expected to take a northerly direction and much of the east coast could be hit with heavy rain over the weekend. A hurricane watch remains in place in parts of North Carolina and South Carolina. A Tropical storm watch is still in place across parts of Georgia, Virginia and it has been extended northwards to parts of New Jersey. (12:16 p.m.) -- After spending the last day or so hovering over the Bahamas and drenching its islands -- as well as nearby Haiti and the Turks and Caicos -- with rain, Tropical Storm Hanna is continuing on a path toward the southeast coast of the United States.
The storm is currently clocking wind speeds of 65 miles per hour, and, according to the National Hurricane Center, could become a hurricane on Friday before making landfall. Hurricane and storm watches and warnings are currently in effect for areas of the Bahamas, North Carolina and Georgia.
Carnival, Norwegian Cruise Line and Royal Caribbean have altered itineraries over the last few days to avoid this storm; we'll keep you posted on any future changes.
--by Kelly Ranson, U.K. Editor
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Tropical Storm Hanna Moves Toward Southeast U.S. Coast
Tropical Storm Hanna Moves Toward Southeast U.S. Coast
September 5, 2008


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It's not every day you find a free or low cost gaming app that is as addicting as Angry Birds. Dong Nguyen, a budding Vietnamese game developer has done just that with FlappyBird. A free to download games for all mobile platforms, the game bears a strong resemblance to Nintendo's legendary side scroller Super Mario Bros. The object of the game is to get the bird to flap its wings in between the Super Mario Bros. inspired green drain pipes.
Is FlappyBird what you would call original and a well-made game? No, is far from that classification, most will say it's an outright rip-off but the game succeeds in having you revisit it and play time and time again. The replay value on this game is incredible and the need to out due you're last accomplishment is always the agenda.
However, I must warn you! This game is not for the weak at heart and it takes an immense amount of timing and patience to get the hang of it. The slightest mistake can have you start all over again, this is where the frustration builds up. I myself, took about 5 minutes of constant failure to get past the first obstacle.
It dawned on me this extremely simple free to play title was becoming increasingly popular. Some of my social media peers posted scores, while others vented frustration over not getting past a certain point. Still, the one universal consensus is the game is incredibly addicting. The last few days, I've spent most of my time attempting to master the timing aspect of the game with varying degree of success.
FlappyBird has been an extremely lucrative venture for the developer. According to The Verge, Mr. Nguyen pointed out that he is making approximately $50,000 USD daily on ad revenue. That amount equates to 18 million dollars a year, on a game that had virtually no start up budget.


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College Hockey:Wisconsin, North Dakota to renew rivalry starting with 2014-15 season
Wisconsin and North Dakota are no longer WCHA rivals, but starting with the 2014-15 season, the two schools will play a two-game series in four of the next five seasons.
Wisconsin joined the Big Ten this year, while North Dakota is a founding member of the NCHC.
"We are excited to announce a long-term scheduling agreement with the University of Wisconsin," said North Dakota coach Dave Hakstol in a statement. "Most importantly, we are excited about the opportunity to continue playing another of our most traditional rivals on a long-term basis."
"Being able to schedule North Dakota keeps the rivalry alive that we have from the old WCHA days," added Wisconsin coach Mike Eaves. "We look forward to playing one of the top programs and testing ourselves. Going back to my playing days, there has been great hockey games and great emotion over the years in the series and it is great to be able to continue that into the future."
The two schools will resume their rivalry next season in Madison, Wis., before meeting during the 2015-16 season in Grand Forks, N.D. After a year off in 2016-17, UND returns to Madison during the 2017-18 campaign and UW revisits Grand Forks during the 2018-19 season.
Wisconsin leads the all-time series 86-65-12 in 163 games played dating back to the 1967-68 season.
The following is a self-policing forum for discussing views on this story. Comments that are derogatory, make personal attacks, are abusive, or contain profanity or racism will be removed at our discretion. USCHO.com is not responsible for comments posted by users. Please report any inappropriate or offensive comments by clicking the "Flag" link next to that comment in order to alert the moderator.
Please also keep "woofing," taunting, and otherwise unsportsmanlike behavior to a minimum. Your posts will more than likely be deleted, and worse yet, you reflect badly on yourself, your favorite team and your conference.


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OSU Cowboy Tyreek Hill voted Big 12 preseason newcomer of the year for 2014 football season
STILLWATER, Okla. (AP) -- Oklahoma State University's Tyreek Hill has been voted the 2014 Big 12 preseason newcomer of the year in football.
The conference made the announcement Wednesday.
Hill transferred from Garden City Community College in Kansas, where he made 32 catches for 532 yards and six touchdowns as a sophomore. He also had 101 carries for 659 yards and five scores.
Hill is also a member of the Cowboys' track team.
After enrolling at OSU in January, Hill won the 200 meters and placed second in the 60 meters at the Big 12 Indoor Track & Field Championship this spring.


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a wood floor, it is very important to have a low and stable temperature
on the whole floor surface. Heating elements should be installed
in such a way that they produce even warmth over the entire floor,
all the way to the walls, regardless of the temperature setting.
The maximum surface temperature on the wood flooring shall be
79oF to 81oF (26oC to 27oC). For energy efficiency, thermal insulation
shall be installed under the heating elements, especially under
a wood joist construction. Radiant heat should not be turned abruptly
on and off, as this will subject the wood fibers to be repeatedly
traumatized causing stress fractures, gaps and twisting. With
STEP WARMFLOOR, the heating level can be lowered to attain the
ideal constant temperature by using an electronic voltage regulator.
Be sure that the flooring will not be exposed to high humidity
or moisture, an inherent enemy of wood. The subfloor must be completely
dry before installing the wood floor. Turn the radiant heating
on to a low heat, then raise the supply temperature progressively
until it reaches the maximum temperature and maintain it until
the ambient relative humidity is stabilized. Before installation,
wood has to be acclimatized to the moisture content on the site,
knowing the temperature and humidity conditions that will prevail
once the structure is occupied. For the dimensional stability
of the wood flooring the equilibrium moisture contents recommended
is a relative humidity range of 30% to 50% and a temperature range
of 60oF to 80oF (16oC to 27oC). Hardwood flooring can be installed
over a slab that is on-grade or above grade. Below-grade installations
are not recommended. Laminate flooring, also called engineered
flooring, can be installed in areas with wide humidity variations
because it displays far less expansion and contraction with moisture
changes. Moisture is still a consideration. To prevent moisture
from reaching the finished floor, a proper vapor barrier must
be used on top of a concrete slab and over exposed earth. The
heating elements should not be in direct contact with any conductive
material, e.g. wire mesh, aluminum foil, etc., or aggressive solvents
and acids, e.g. Bostik Best or equivalent. If the heating system
is not self-regulating, the hardwood floor should not be covered
by rugs, mattresses, or heavy objects, as these will increase
the temperature and may damage the floor. STEP WARMFLOOR is self-regulating
and cannot overheat.
GUIDELINES Lay the strips or planks crosswise over the heating
elements. When nailing the wood floor to the subfloor, drive the
nails between the elements; if it should be necessary to nail
in the elements, choose the middle where the voltage and current
are zero. Definitely, avoid penetrating the bus braids running
along each side of the elements. When using a screed system, pour
masonry insulation fill or lay foam insulation boards between
the screeds to avoid air gaps under the elements. For glue-down
installations, cover the elements with floor leveler or underlayment
boards. The heating elements should not be in direct contact with
aggressive solvents. Follow flooring and mastic manufacturer's
specifications for installation methods.


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The Assistant Links
This page will direct you to the latest news and best sites about MTV Network's The Assistant show
About The Assistant on MTV
On this show Andy Dick puts 12 competitors through a series of Apprentice like tasks to win a job as his assistant. Meant to be a parody of other reality shows the prize package is a car, a wardrobe from American Eagle Outfitters, a cell phone package and an entertainment-industry job as a lowly grunt.
News Articles about MTV Networks The Assistant
AJC 9/18/04 Reality TV bug bites another Snellville resident
Reality News Online 9/8/04 "I think, had I won, the show would have been edited very differently"
Reality News Online 9/7/04 The Assistant, Episode 9 - Andy's Assistant Is...
Reality Shack 8/31/04 Assistant Finale - Finally
Reality News Online 8/29/04 The Assistant, Episode 7: Time to Get Your Fear On!
Daily Chronicle 8/25/04 Former DeKalb resident competes to be Andy Dick's personal assistant on MTV reality show
Reality Shack 8/24/04 Yet Another Twist on the Assistant - Episode 7
Reality News Online 8/17/04 The Assistant, Episode 6: Planning a Day of Hell
Reality Shack 8/17/04 Spa Day! Clip Away! - The Assistant, Episode 6
Reality News Online 8/10/04 The Assistant, Episode 5: A Camping We Will Go!
Reality Shack 8/10/04 Roughing and Bluffing It - The Assistant, Episode 5
Reality News Online 8/3/04 The Assistant, Episode 4: A Day in the Life of Andy Dick, via His Assistants
Reality Shack 8/3/04 Andy Gets Sick - The Assistant, Episode 4
Reality News Online 7/28/04 The Assistant, Episode 3 - "The tribal people of the tribe have spoken"
Media Life 7/23/04 Not-so-hot debut for Dick's 'Assistant'
NY Times 7/22/04 Andy Dick Dating Contestant on 'Assistant'
Reality News Online 7/20/04 The Assistant, Episode 2: Thieves, a "Little Person," and Dr. Chocolate?
The Advocate 7/15/04 C-list celeb spoofs reality shows on MTV's 'Assistant'
The Trades 7/14/04 The Assistant-Episode One
Reality News Online 7/13/04 The Assistant, Episode 1: That's what Happens in Hollywood, You Get CUT!
Baltimore Sun 7/12/04 Humiliation is boss on new series
Chicago Tribune 7/12/04 `Assistant' parodies other reality shows
Dallas Morning News 7/12/04 Working for laughs
NY Times 7/12/04 A Reality Show That Tries to Spoof Reality Shows
Hollywood Reporter 7/12/04 The Assistant
Philly.com 7/10/04 'Assistant' spoofs best - or worst? - of reality TV
TV Week 7/1/04 Andy Dick to Star in Reality Parody
E!Online 6/16/04 Andy Dick's Innocent Pot Plea
Websites - The Assistant
Reality TV Links - The Assistant
Clubs/Forums for The Assistant
This site is not affiliated with Network, the show or its producers
Copyright © 2000 - 2013 All Rights Reserved Privacy Policy Terms of Service


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Brownells/NRA National Youth Shooting Sports Ambassador Program
This program gives our Co-op Youth group partners -- Boy Scouts of America, National High School Rodeo Association, Royal Rangers, Venturing (BSA) and USA Shooting -- the opportunity to select the outstanding youth from their organization to represent them. If you are a member of one of these youth groups and meet the criteria, please contact your organization directly to apply for this program. Youth interested must be:
For additional requirements, please check with your respective youth organization.
The NRA representative to the Brownell/NRA Ambassador program is chosen from the top three Outstanding Achievement Youth Award winners and/or other NRA programs. If you have questions, please email email@example.com.


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Weifang Featured Food:
Braised Joint Of Pork In Brown Sauce
It is a historical famous dish, and enjoys tremendous popularity because it is soft, fat but not oily with abundant nutrition. First, Six joints of pork are cut into blocks like elephant eyes. Then Rub the fried sugar, put into the bowl with the rind toward the bottom of the bowl and add soy sauce, salt water, scallion, ginger, half a spoon of clear soup. Later, boil it with steamed pot, pull scallion and ginger out of it and put them on the pad. Put the pot on the fire, pour the soup into the pot and add some cooking wine gourmet powder, brine, and put the pad into pazhi (a kind of kitchen utensil). When the meat is ready, put it into the plate and water the soup on the joint of pork.
The Whole Lamb Dinner Of Linqu
Dating back to Qing dynasty (1368AD-1911AD), it developed from the whole lamb dinner in the court Deshun Restaurant, which was famous for cooking mutton in Shandong. There was a saying at that time "You must eat at Deshun Restaurant when traveling in Shandong". The whole lamb dinner has its unique features both in favor and cooking skills because of the hard-working chefs in different dynasties. In terms of different body parts of sheep and viscera, the lamb is cooked into many delicacies with different colors, shapes, favors, and fragrance. People call it "good fortune as one wish". Although these delicacies are made of the whole lamb, their names do not refer to the lamb at all, such as Longmenjiao, Cailingzhi, Shuangfengcui, and so on. A lamb can be cooked into over 80 different dishes. In terms of cooking, the seasoning is sophisticated; the skills of using the cutters are manifold, such as braising, simmering, stewing, stir-frying, and deep-frying. The dish has
Chaotian Pot
It originated in the folk morning market during the reign of Emperor of Qianlong years [the fifth emperor of Qing dynasty (1368AD-1911AD)]. At that time, the peasants of Weifang County going to the market could not have hot meals to eat. In order to earn some money, someone put a big iron pot in the country with fair cooked meals for passers-by. Because the pot is without lid, people called it "Chaotian Pot". The chef cook pork, meatball, dried bean curd, etc. in the large pot with boiling water first, then lad the hat soup, add some cilantro and soy sauce, and prepared thin cake. The customers could sit around the pot and make it by themselves. To meet the needs of the customers, the chef will mince the cooked stomach and intestine of the pork, and then put them on thin cakes. After rolling it into the fire tube-shape, the chef can give them to the customers. It enjoys tremendous popularity among the mass because it is economical and convenient.
Tips: There are two kin
Noodle With Chicken And Duck
It is a special kind of noodle called "Hele". First, press the non-fermented flour into the round thick noodles (about 5MM diameter). Then cook and boil it. Later, put the noodle in a large pot of chicken's and duck's meat soup. The batching are the slice meat of chicken and duck, the power of sweet garlic, the power of carrot, the power of Chinese chives, the slice of meatball. With a small amount of chili oil, you will feel more delicious. Apart from this, all kinds of batching floating at the top of bowl looks beautiful.
Meat Huoshao
The word "huoshao" originates in the dialect of Shandong which refers to sesame seed cake. The most delicious is Chenghuang Temple's. In Weifang, meat huoshao and meat sesame seed cake are two different things. The meat sesame seed cake looks like a bulging air sac with ground meat in the middle. The ground meat is mainly pork pickled in the liquid of Chinese prickly ash and is added to by the powder of eggs, edible fungus, dried shrimp, and sometimes shellfish. When baked with low heat, the suet in the pork permeates into those ingredients. Sesame seed cake—Weifang's sesame seed cake is divided into two layers covered with sesame. It is bulging, delicious, and fragrant.
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Britney Spears Case Over, Sam Lutfi Trial Against Singer's Parents Dismissed
Sam Lutfi's libel lawsuit against Britney Spears' parents has met a sudden end.
The judge dismissed the case on Thursday after declaring that Lutfi's attorney did not present sufficient evidence.
As Gossip Cop previously reported, Lutfi claimed Spears' mother Lynne defamed him in her memoir, and that her father Jamie pushed him out of his alleged role as the singer's manager, conceivably costing him millions.
RELATED – Britney Spears Meltdown Stemmed from Justin Timberlake Split, Says Lawyer
The attorney for Spears' family argued earlier today that Lutfi's team didn't meet the plantiff's burden of proof — and the judge agreed.
The family won't have to fork over a single dime, and could even sue Lutfi for attorneys' fees.
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|Found 451 Recipes
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Drunken Berry Pastry Shellsby foodiebride Recipe from Confections of a Foodie Bride
IRISH COFFEE PIEby krrispy Bring the luck of the Irish into your home with this Irish coffee flav..
Tartelettes Au Chocolat Et Gingembre Confit For Valentines D..by krrispy Tartelettes au Chocolat et Gingembre Confit (Chocolate and Candied Gi..
Apple and Cheese Cakeby galateadia Just made this tonight for a friend of mine's birthday. He loves chedd..
Strawberry Tartby slackferno Man What's for afters? Woman Well there's rat cake ... rat sorbet .....
APPLE CINNAMON EMPANADASby foodie444 Serve warm, these are great with ice cream also.
Cherry Cream Crescentsby jdreher12 These are so tasty and are very simple to make.
Butter Tartsby justmejerry This is a recipe for my favourite dessert. Yummy Butter Tarts. Here in..
Holly McDonough GA's Favorite Pecan Tassiesby hollymcdonoughga This is the ONLY pecan tassie recipe we make-everyone loves it and the..
Annell Lindsey and Martha Ann Horton Stapler's Sweet Potato ..by hollymcdonoughga The sweet potato is a common name applied to a perennial, trailing her..


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Top That One, George
Alistair Darling is no slouch. The Chancellor has broken with the convention that major announcements are avoided by the government during the conference season and tonight is revealing a public sector pay freeze. It's the toughest move on public sector pay in almost three decades, and comes on the eve of George Osborne's keynote speech to Tory conference.
Osborne was expected to begin explaining how he would set about tackling the deficit. But Darling appears to have stolen a certain amount of his thunder.
The Chancellor has revealed that he has written to the various pay bodies dealing with judges, GPs, etc, advising them to go for a freeze and he himself has frozen the pay of senior civil servants. As many as 750,00 workers all in will feel the squeeze, although members of the armed services are not included.
George, it's over to you…
PS: Darling's timing is pretty much perfect for such a hit on the Tories. In terms of conference etiquette it stands a chance of ruining the shadow chancellor's evening. The news landed just as Osborne was probably settling down for dinner with a national newspaper and preparing for a night of popping into parties and being introduced as the next chancellor.
Now one suspects he and his team will have to burn the midnight oil and do a little reworking of his text for tomorrow instead.


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Brad Drust
2014 (Redshirt Junior)
2014 Game-by-Game
Appeared in four games and made two starts...Made his first appearance of the season on 4/2 with 1.2 innings against Murray State...Pitched a season-high 3.1 innings on 4/15 vs. UT Martin...Threw 3.0 scoreless, hitless innings on 5/11 to earn the win.
2013 (Junior)
2013 Game-by-Game
Returned from Tommy John surgery and made eight starts and four relief appearances...SIU posted a 5-3 record in his starts...Allowed one run in two relief innings to take the win on 2/22, his first win since 4/24/11...Moved into the midweek starter role a month into the season...Final eight appearances were as a starter...Posted a 2-1 record and a 3.46 ERA in his first six starts of the season...Did not allow a home run in his first 10 games before allowing five home runs in his final two games...Helped SIU win five straight midweek games from 4/2-4/23...Named to the MVC Honor Roll, which requires a minimum 3.2 GPA and 12 credit hours for the spring semester.
2012 (Medical Redshirt): Missed the entire season and had Tommy John surgery.
2011 (Sophomore)
2011 Game-by-Game
Had a 2-4 record and 6.02 ERA in 16 appearances that included eight starts...Yielded 64 hits and 40 runs (34 earned) in 49.1 innings pitched, which was the fourth most on the team...Struck out 34 batters and walked 21...Picked up his first career victory by throwing 8.0 innings against Evansville in his first Valley start...Allowed just one run off of seven hits and struck out a career-high seven batters in 7.0 innings to lead SIU in a 2-1 victory at Creighton, April 24.
Prior to SIU: Was a reliever at nearby John A. Logan College in Carterville as a freshman in 2010...Made 12 appearances and started one game for the Volunteers...Finished with a 3-1 record and had one save...Struck out 43 batters and had just 13 walks in 31.0 innings of work...Opposing batters hit .281 off of him...Had a 21-3 record on the mound during prep career at Carterville High School...Three-time All-Conference and All-South Region pitcher...Led Southern Illinois region in strikeouts per seven innings as a freshman and senior...Went 6-0 as a senior in 2009 with a 0.70 ERA and had 55 strikeouts against eight walks...Was 7-2 as a junior and 8-1 as a sophomore...Recorded 83 strikeouts in 51.2 innings as a sophomore and 81 in 47.2 innings as a junior.
Personal:Full name is Bradley Scott Drust...Born May 8, 1991 in Carbondale, Ill...Majoring in both physical education and teacher education...Son of Linda and Dennis Drust...Mother is a school administrator and father is a teacher and football coach at Carterville High School...Has one sister, Amy Jo, and one brother, Ben, who is the director of baseball operations at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.


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GOLDEN, Colo. – The Colorado School of Mines men's soccer program has received National Letters of Intent from five athletes to begin playing for the Orediggers in 2011, as announced by CSM Head Coach Frank Kohlenstein. For the complete release, CLICK HERE.
"After a great season we had an interesting recruiting task to find players that complement our returning group of high-level attacking players. For the first time in 30 years I have a squad returning with almost all the goal scorers and goal makers returning but the key to next season's success will fall with the players that we have recruited in this class," said Kohlenstein. "Last years senior class did much of the work that did not get the notice of the fans and the press but was integral to our success."
"This group of incoming freshmen is going to be called upon to fill the void left by the graduates and I believe that these soccer student-athletes have the quality and attitude to help our program have a great 2011 season. This group has a level of commitment and drive necessary to be champions."
Berney, a midfielder from Oklahoma City, Okla., played club soccer with the Oklahoma Football Club. A starter and letterwinner at Bishop McGuinness H.S., Berney has led his team to the playoffs every year since he was a freshman. Berney is also a three-time All-District and two-time All-City selection.


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Why I Want to Forget 'Forget You'
One night last summer, while the wife and I were talking in bed, I pulled out my Mac, went to YouTube and yelped, "You have to hear this song!"
For the ensuing 3:46, Catherine and I listened to and watched this—a crude, uncensored video of Cee Lo Green's new song, "F— You." At the time only a couple of thousand people had seen the clip (as opposed to today, when the number reads 9,296,053), and I had no remote idea it would turn into perhaps the year's biggest song. The wife, however, is smarter than I am. "That's gonna be huge," she said.
"Nah," I replied. "I don't think so."
"Oh, you'll see," she said. "You'll see."
Eight months later, I wish Catherine had been off. Once upon a time "F— You" was an amazing piece of work. First, there's the simple-yet-nearly-every-guy-has-been-there message—I caught you with my girl, I hate your guts and I'm gonna tell you why. Second, there's the sound—straight Motown, as if Berry Gordy were in the room as it were being recorded. Third, there's the singer—Green's voice is tremendous, yet the man himself was relatively obscure. A more perfect pop song has never been delivered.
Yet here we are, in April of 2011, and if I hear "Forget You" (the G-rated, radio-friendly, blood-and-guts-deprived version) one more time, I'm going to go all Charlie Sheen-meets-Mike Tyson-meets-Randy Savage on someone. For some reason our local pop station, Z100, continues to play "Forget You" oh, 7,653 times per day. Literally, I get in the car and it's on. I get out of the car and it's on. Even my kids—who live and die by repetition—would take a slice of Grandma Joan's matzo lasagna over another helping of "Forget You." Once upon a time, Cee Lo brought to the world a piece of inventive music that evoked genuine emotions. I heard "F— You," I thought of my ex-girlfriend. It made me mad. And, simultaneously, giddy. Not sure why, but such is the power of a top-of-the-line jam.
Now, because America's pop music stations play the same 30 songs on a loop and because we're suckers for routine and because our tender ears can't handle an obscenity or two, we're left with drivel. Painful, annoying, never-ending drivel (Meanwhile, can someone please explain to me why the F-word is—rightly—off limits, yet Rihanna can freely sing "Sex in the air, I don't care/I love the smell of it/Sticks and stones may break my bones/But chains and whips excite me," as she does in "S&M").
So, please, music providers of the world, can we finally move on?
Enough is enough.


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Peptide Drugs Are Not Only Diverse...
Scientific Misconduct Is Jeopardizing the Quality...
Constant Innovation and Translation of Scientific...
Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Has Two Dimensions,...
Agilent Technologies and Sera Prognostics, a women's health company, entered a partnership to develop proteomic assays for the early prediction of pregnancy complications. Sera Prognostics is currently developing a test for the early prediction of preterm birth risk using advanced proteomic science.
"By providing pivotal information to physicians, Sera's preterm birth predictor is designed to address an unmet medical need for a reliable, early risk assessment that has the potential to help significantly improve the health of mothers and newborns, while materially reducing the costs of care," said Gregory C. Critchfield, M.D., chairman and CEO of Sera Prognostics.
As part of the partnership, Sera Prognostics purchased multiple Agilent 1290 Infinity ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography systems, 6490 iFunnel triple quadrupole mass spectrometry systems, and 1260 Infinity LC systems with ultraviolet detectors and is adapting Agilent's automated sample-preparation technologies for production.
The partners will develop high-throughput workflows for sample preparation and mass-spectrometry analysis. To meet the demands of high-volume testing, Sera Prognostics expects to leverage Agilent's automated sample-prep technology and other automation, including the AssayMAP Bravo and RapidFire fast liquid chromatography together with ultra-sensitive ion funnel triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.
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Sunset Harbor Real Estate.com is a comprehensive online real estate guide for Sunset Harbor, North Carolina (NC) including nearby areas such as Bolivia and Lockwoods Folly. View homes, condos, and lots based on price range or by location such as waterfront, waterview, golf course, and private communities.
If you are interested in foreclosure, bank owned, short sale, and REO property listings, please view the latest Sunset Harbor NC foreclosures and short sales.
Due to the request for real estate listings offering with owner financing, you can view Sunset Harbor owner financed homes and lots.
Sunset Harbor NC is a waterfront community located along the Intracoastal Waterway and borders the Lockwood Folly River. The area is accessible via Highway 17 to Highway 211 (Southport-Supply Rd. SE). This seaside village has a waterfront park, swimming area, boating access area, and fishing pier. Zion Hill Rd. and Sunset Harbor Rd., both located off of Highway 211, will take you to the waterfront area. View the maps page for details.
View available Sunset Harbor home listings based on price range or location such as waterfront, waterview and golf course.
The majority of condos for sale are located in Winding River Plantation, Palmetto Creek of the Carolinas and Lockwood Folly.
Many building lots and homesites in the area offer an exceptional opportunity. Currently, there's over 40 lots price under $25,000.
View the private communities. golf communities and waterfront communities located in the Sunset Harbor NC area. Popular neighborhoods are SeaWatch at Sunset Harbor, Palmetto Creek of the Carolinas, River Run Plantation and River Sea Plantation.
We strive to make this real estate resource easy to use. If you experience problems, please contact the webmaster via email at firstname.lastname@example.com. If you have a question regarding property listings please call us toll free at 1-866-696-6232 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com. Our office is open 7 days a week from 9AM to 6PM. As always, we welcome suggestions for improvement.


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134 S. Highland Ave. (Penn Circle S.) Send to Phone
412-362-6001 | Make Restaurant Reservations | Menu
OpenDinner nightly
- Valet parking
- Dress code: Casual
- Full bar
- Outdoor dining
- Reservations suggested
- Romantic setting
* Click here for rating key
Spoon Restaurant Review: A bar, lounge, destination dining spot and neighborhood gem, Spoon attracts a diverse and savvy clientele. Chef/co-owner Brian Pekarcik and partner Rick Stern create a warm, comfortable ambience, staffed by an accomplished team. Expect sophisticated cocktails, a good wine list and a California-influenced menu utilizing fresh, seasonal ingredients from highlighted local producers. Innovative preparations spike such dishes as "Bacon + Eggs" (Cunningham Farms crispy pork belly with a five-minute poached egg, sautéed baby spinach and hollandaise) or house-smoked whitefish with buckwheat blinis, chive crème fraîche, paddlefish caviar and baby potato salad. Popular main courses include local venison as well as combinations of grilled filet and braised beef short ribs. Desserts range from an over-the-top "Chocolate 4 Ways" to an artisanal cheese platter or house-made sorbets and ice cream.
Sign up to receive the 2016 edition of GAYOT's Annual Restaurant Issue, which will feature the Top 40 Restaurants in the U.S. and more.


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Skydiving.com now has a network skydiving location serving Newark and Worcester County in Maryland. Call Skydiving.com at 1-800-617-7948 for details, free information and specials on skydiving in Newark, MD today!
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Seth Walker: Lay Down (River of Faith)
Lay Down (River of Faith)
Seth Walker (acoustic guitar, vocals)
Leap of Faith (Hyena Records HYN 9375)
Seth Walker (acoustic guitar, vocals),
Gayle West, Angie Primm (backup vocals), Kevin Mckendree (organ), Colin Linden (Dobro), Steve Mackey (electric bass), Lynn Williams (drums).
Composed by Seth Walker.
Recorded: Nashville, TN, July 2008
Rating: 89/100 (learn more)
Folksinger Greg Brown has created the perfect description for most contemporary Christian music: "Praise the Lord, let's go to the mall." Ouch. (Hey, a man whose father was a minister should know!) In truth, much of the music labeled "praise" is very bland, having lost most of the connections to early gospel and jazz. Seth Walker, while more of a blues and folk musician, gets the true feel of gospel going on this one. All roots, no mall … so the intermingling of blues and jazz and the spirit (via the B-3, the Dobro and Walker's very soulful voice) is allowed to shine through.
Reviewer: Mark Saleski


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Heuschkel, Robert B; Menache, Caroline C*; Megerian, J. Thomas*; Baird, Alison E*
Combined Program in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital; and *Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Received October 28, 1999; accepted December 21, 1999.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Robert B. Heuschkel, Division of Gastroenterology, Hunnewell Building, Ground Floor, Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A.
This article accompanies an editorial. Please see Griffiths AM. Enteral nutrition: the neglected primary therapy of active Crohn's disease. J Pediatr Gastroentero Nutr 2000;31:3–5.
Background: The optimal treatment of acute Crohn's disease in children remains controversial. In adults, steroid therapy has been shown to be superior to exclusive enteral nutrition. However, enteral nutrition is effective at inducing a remission in many children with acute Crohn's disease. Steroid usage in children has been associated with adverse side effects, particularly with delayed growth and pubertal development.
Methods: Randomized clinical trials comparing exclusive enteral nutrition with corticosteroids were identified. Two independent reviewers extracted data from selected studies. Studies were assessed for heterogeneity and relative risks for remission induction with enteral nutrition were obtained. Sensitivity analyses were performed in partially randomized studies. Estimates were made of the number of studies needed to overturn the current result. Other outcome measures were qualitatively assessed.
Results: In five randomized clinical trials comprising 147 patients, enteral nutrition was as effective as corticosteroids at inducing a remission (RR = 0.95 [95% confidence interval 0.67, 1.34]). Addition of two further nonrandomized trials did not significantly alter the result. A minimum of 10 further studies, equal in size and outcome to the largest reported pediatric trial to date (n = 68, RR = 0.84), would be required to demonstrate a significant benefit of steroid therapy over enteral nutrition.
Conclusions: There is no difference in efficacy between enteral nutrition and corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of acute Crohn's disease in children. Improved growth and development, without the side effects of steroid therapy, make enteral nutrition a better choice for first-line therapy in children with active Crohn's disease.
The optimal treatment of active Crohn's disease in children remains disputed. Steroid treatment has been shown to be superior to exclusive enteral nutrition in several meta-analyses of adult studies (1–3), although individual centers have reported both short and long-term benefits of exclusive dietary treatment.
Steroid usage in children has been associated with a wide range of adverse effects in children, in particular on bone mineralization (4,5) and on growth and development (6–8). Steroids are an even less attractive first-line therapy, because children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease already have significantly low bone mineral density (9) and growth delay (10) at diagnosis.
Thus far, it has not been possible to conduct large enough trials to clarify the benefits or otherwise of a nutritional approach. After successes in small observational studies (11,12), placebo-controlled trials of enteral nutrition were never conducted in the pediatric population and are no longer ethically justified. Studies of the natural history of Crohn's disease show a spontaneous remission occurring in between 18% and 42% of cases within 3 to 4 months, whereas a response to exclusive enteral nutrition is reported between in 53% and 80% of cases (1). Nutritional treatment alone therefore has a significant therapeutic effect.
The efficacy of enteral nutrition in active Crohn's disease is therefore best assessed by its comparison with corticosteroid therapy. The latter, with or without the addition of aminosalicylate anti-inflammatory medication, is the otherwise widely accepted conventional treatment.
Previous meta-analyses have focused predominantly on the induction of remission in adults. No comment has been made on the sequelae of steroid treatment or the benefits of dietary treatment in nutritionally and growth-compromised children. The purpose of the current study was to re-examine this issue on behalf of the pediatric population with Crohn's disease. Although the data in this field remain limited, in this analysis we sought to systematically analyze all available information and to define the current state of the evidence.
A search of the literature was performed in July 1999 using a MEDLINE search through OVID, Grateful Med, and PubMed from 1966 through July 1999. A search of the Science Citation Index for the first pediatric clinical trial of enteral nutrition versus steroids (13) was also performed. In addition, manual searching for abstracts (1990–1999) was performed from ESPGHAN, NASPGN, and the American Gastroenterology Association (AGA). The reference lists of review articles (14–17) and meta-analyses (1–3) were also scanned for relevant studies. Recent book chapters (18–21) and their bibliographies were reviewed. Contact was made with leaders in the field to ensure no studies had been overlooked. Authors were contacted when necessary to clarify remission criteria and randomization methods.
The search strategy terms included Crohn's disease, enteral nutrition, child (less than 18 years), clinical trial, diet, food (formulated), steroids, and aminosalicylic acids. There were no restrictions on publication type or language to minimize publication bias.
The following inclusion criteria were used: pediatric studies (participants aged <18 years); clinical trials (randomized, semirandomized [consecutive allocation], and nonrandomized [equal disease activity and distribution at treatment onset]); minimum 3-week treatment period; treatment of acute Crohn's disease (newly diagnosed or relapsed); and objective assessment of remission with percentage remission reported for each treatment group.
The following studies were excluded: observational studies and case series, nutritional supplement studies, studies examining use of enteral nutrition to prolong remission, adult studies that included pediatric patients, and studies in which patients were randomized more than once. Preliminary reports that were later published in full were excluded. The excluded studies (11,12,22–31) and reasons for their exclusion are shown in Table 1.
Data, previously agreed to be relevant by all authors, were extracted from each article by two independent observers. Findings were compared and consensus reached among all authors by rereading the manuscripts. All data were extracted on an intention-to-treat basis.
Steroid therapy induces a remission in 70% to 80% of adults with acute Crohn's disease (32,33), a figure similar to that reported in the pediatric literature. To detect a 20% difference between treatment effects, with a power of 0.8 and an α error of 0.05, requires a minimum of 91 patients per group. If enteral nutrition were any less effective at inducing a remission than approximately 50%, any extra benefits of a dietary therapy may be lost if a clinical remission was achieved in only one in two children. One hundred ninety-three children were included in the overall meta-analysis of seven studies.
Fixed and random effects models (34–36) were used to generate a pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A commercially available statistics program (STATA 6 Intercool; College Station, TX, U.S.A.) was used throughout. Unlike in previous meta-analyses (1–3) our analysis calculated RRs, not odds ratios (ORs), because several pediatric studies had 100% remission rates, making an OR calculation impossible.
Reported RRs and CIs are presented graphically as horizontal lines. In both figures, only if the 95% CI line does not cross the vertical equivalence line (RR = 1.0) is a statistically significant treatment effect indicated. Values of heterogeneity (Cochrane Q statistic) with associated P values were computed (P < 0.05, for significant heterogeneity). A Galbraith plot was used to visually detect intertrial heterogeneity.
Pooled RR estimates were obtained for the five randomized clinical trials (13,37–40). Further sensitivity analysis was then performed by addition of a partially randomized trial (41) and a nonrandomized trial (42).
We also calculated the number of studies required for a statistically significant result in favor of steroid therapy—that is, achieving an RR with CI below 1.0.
Of 99 citations retrieved, 19 articles were reviewed in full. Of these articles, five were randomized controlled trials involving 147 children and met the primary criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis (13,37–40).
Two further trials were included in the analysis, although patients were not truly randomized (41,42). This further increased the power of the study and acted as a form of sensitivity analysis. One hundred ninety-four children (Tables 2 and 3) were therefore included in the two treatment groups. The remaining articles were excluded because they failed to meet the defined criteria (Table 1).
In all selected studies, potential confounders were evenly distributed between treatment groups at onset of the trials; age, sex, disease duration, disease distribution (small bowel, ileocecal, colonic), severity of the disease, steroid dosage, and calorie intake by enteral nutrition (Table 2).
The data appeared homogeneous, as shown by the identical values obtained from the fixed and random effects models and the nonsignificant Q values (P > 0.05 for all analyses). A Galbraith plot was used (not shown) to assess heterogeneity and confirmed all seven selected studies to be highly homogeneous.
The pooled relative risk was 0.95 (95% CI 0.67–1.34; values identical in fixed and random effects models). Heterogeneity Q statistic was 0.46, with 4 df (P = 0.98;Fig. 1, Table 4).
Two remaining pediatric studies, although nonrandomized, were reviewed to increase the power of this analysis. Although the study participants were not randomized, there was no evidence of selection bias. The analysis was stratified to acknowledge this difference. In the study by Breese et al. (41), 10 consecutive patients had been treated with corticosteroids, and the next 18 patients were randomized to receive cyclosporin A or enteral nutrition. The study of Chafai et al. (42) was a retrospective analysis of patients treated with corticosteroids and enteral nutrition.
Papadopoulou et al. (31) completed a retrospective analysis of very similar treatment groups, yet their study included more than one treatment episode per patient. Repeated entry of the same patient could compound any selection bias, and thus we omitted this study from our analysis (despite its having the highest RR of 1.30 [nonsignificant CI] and favoring enteral nutrition). Nicholls et al. (30) randomized patients to receive either conventional treatment (steroids or enteral nutrition) or cyclosporin A. However, they then selected patients in the conventional treatment group with small bowel disease for treatment with enteral nutrition (n = 10) and those with colonic involvement for steroid therapy (n = 4). Although a 100% remission rate was achieved in both groups, we did not include this study in our final analysis.
Although treatment was clearly allocated in a nonrandom manner by Chafai et al., (42) the allocation was made in the best interests of the patient—that is, selection of the most effective and appropriate treatment for each patient. Although the comparison of outcome is less valid than if treatment allocation is randomized, the similarity of treatment groups in some way minimizes any selection bias.
The pooled relative risk for all seven studies was 0.982 (95% CI 0.73–1.33; values identical in fixed and random effects models). Heterogeneity Q statistic was 0.82 with 6 df (P = 0.991;Fig. 2, Table 3).
The inclusion of semirandomized studies assessed the sensitivity of our inclusion criteria. There was no significant change in RR or CI ranges and homogeneity was maintained (Table 3), confirming the two additional studies to be very similar to the truly randomized series. This calculation was extended to assess how many further studies would be required to reach a statistically significant treatment effect (Table 3). Only after the inclusion of 10 further studies (data not shown) that were identical in size and outcome to the largest reported pediatric study (n = 68) was a significant RR achieved in favor of steroid therapy (RR = 0.86 [95% CI 0.74–0.99]; Q = 0.83, 14 df;P = 1.0).
In view of the relatively limited number of children randomized, quantitative analysis of other factors had limited statistical value. We reviewed the available data with particular reference to speed of remission induction, duration of remission, nutritional endpoints, and height velocities. The only significant difference between the two treatment groups was in height velocities achieved at short-term follow-up. Thomas et al. (37) showed the children randomized to enteral nutrition to have a significantly higher mean height velocity standard deviation score (SDS) 6 months after treatment (+0.32 vs. −3.1). This was despite a significantly higher calorie intake in the steroid-treated group, indicating the growth suppressant effects of steroids are not overcome by simply increasing calorie intake.
An identical finding was reported by Sanderson et al. (13), who showed a significantly higher mean height velocity SDS at 3 months in the group randomized to enteral nutrition (+0.2 vs. −2.85). Chafai et al. (42) also confirmed a significantly higher growth velocity in the group receiving elemental diet.
In this analysis of 194 children with acute Crohn's disease, enteral nutrition was as effective as steroids at inducing a clinical remission (RR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.73–1.33).
Meta-analyses published in the adult literature (1–3) suggest a clear benefit of steroid therapy over enteral nutrition. These studies in adults with acute Crohn's disease all report an OR of 0.35 (95% CI 0.23–-0.53) for achieving a remission with enteral nutrition. The RR we calculated from data presented by Griffiths et al. (1) is 0.71. The 95% CI (0.56–0.90) remains below equivalence (RR = 1.0), yet closer to the range we present.
It is also of note that in almost all pediatric and adult studies a clinical disease activity index was used (44–47) to define a clinical remission. These indices, by including measures of a patient's clinical well-being, are likely to favor remission in the steroid-treated groups, given the effect steroids have on improvement of overall well-being.
A significant difference between the adult and pediatric studies is the degree of compliance. Up to 40% of adults were withdrawn from nutritional therapy because of intolerance of the diet (1). Not surprisingly this was highest in those taking an elemental or semielemental diet by mouth (18–41%). However, of 98 children included in this meta-analysis, only 8% did not complete the course of enteral nutrition, despite requiring a semielemental diet administered by nasogastric tube. Griffiths et al. report results excluding patients who withdrew from their study because of intolerance to the diet, yet the OR remains significantly in favor of steroid therapy, 0.57 (95% CI 0.35–0.94). Calculation of the pooled RR for the same data, however, fails to reach significance (RR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.68–1.09). This implies that adults who are able to tolerate nutritional therapy are as likely to go into remission as those treated with steroids, a fact also reported in large adult studies (48).
Compliance in excess of 90% is often reported when using enteral nutrition in children (13,30,31,38). Compliance with a prolonged course of exclusive enteral diet is clearly more difficult for an adult. In addition to the inconvenience, the possible benefits for growth and development do not apply.
Recent observational studies with more palatable polymeric diets are confirming excellent compliance in children who take the diet by mouth (49,50). Successful use of enteral nutrition also requires motivated nursing, dietetic, and medical staff to support children and families during therapy. This may well explain some of the better results obtained in pediatric units in which dietary therapy has become more commonplace (31,37,40,49).
A further difference from published adult data is that in most trials of adults, prevalent rather than incident cases are recruited. In our meta-analysis of pediatric trials a large proportion of randomized patients had newly diagnosed disease. Inclusion of patients with more long-standing or intractable disease may introduce a systematic bias into adult studies. Although not proven, patients with more recently diagnosed disease may respond better to nutritional therapy than those with more long-standing disease. This would make enteral nutrition more effective and better tolerated in the pediatric population.
A qualitative review of treatment effects on growth was also performed. Despite the well-described adverse effects that corticosteroids can have on development, growth, and pubertal maturation (51), only two of the randomized studies document the short-term effects of treatment on growth velocities. The randomized studies by Sanderson et al. (13) and Thomas et al. (37) documented significantly improved height velocity in the enterally fed groups at 3 and 6 months, respectively, although pubertal staging was not controlled for specifically.
It was also impossible to quantify the impact of enteral nutrition on different disease sites. In contrast to the widely held belief that enteral feeding is less effective in large bowel disease (13,52), available data from pediatric studies (38,40) suggests large and small bowel disease respond equally well to nutritional therapy. This is confirmed by the larger adult studies (33,53). As in the meta-analyses of about 400 adults with active Crohn's disease, it was also impossible to detect valid differences in speed of remission induction and time to first relapse.
The efficacy of polymeric diets is also still debated. There are insufficient randomized pediatric or adult data comparing elemental with whole protein, polymeric diets. Although the latter are the ideal clinical choice in palatability and cost, there are no comparative studies to confirm this.
Only 32 patients in the world literature have received polymeric diets in randomized trials comparing those diets with elemental diets; however, meta-analyses including studies of semielemental diets have been unable to document significant differences in efficacy between any one of the three types of diet (1,2). Even these analyses are only able to detect large differences in treatment effects. However, along with findings in multiple observational studies in children documenting the efficacy and palatability of polymeric diets (38,49,50), these findings provide some indication of their potential. Further randomized studies comparing polymeric and elemental diets may be justified to contribute to a statistically conclusive answer.
The inclusion of seven pediatric trials in the current analysis ensured sufficient power to detect a clinically significant difference between the two therapies. Further sensitivity analyses demonstrate that for steroids to achieve a statistically significant benefit over enteral nutrition, approximately 700 more children with acute Crohn's disease would require randomization. Results obtained from these children would also have to equal the most favorable outcome for steroid therapy reported so far (RR = 0.84) (40), if our current results were to be overruled. The volume of data necessary to overturn the evidence we report here greatly strengthens these findings (RR = 0.98, CI 0.23–0.53). The entire adult literature includes only approximately 400 randomized patients. With an incidence of less than 10 per 100,000 children (54), larger studies are unlikely to be feasible in children.
Besides reaching a statistically significant conclusion, a meta-analysis must assess and quantify interstudy variability for a conclusion to be valid. A best estimate that encompasses this heterogeneity may be much more robust than a result from a large, tightly controlled, one-center study. The seven studies included in this meta-analysis were found to be substantially homogeneous in their outcomes, making the pooled estimate less uncertain and more generalizeable. Although studies tend to become more diverse as researchers try to avoid duplication of work, this field of study has remained limited in its variability in view of the well-defined population and treatment strategies.
An inherent limitation of meta-analysis is the availability of good quality studies. A key factor in this is often the quality of randomization. Lack of allocation concealment and double-blinding can lead to substantially inflated results of evaluations of treatment effects (55).
Double-blinding in studies with enteral nutrition has never been possible, and although five studies stated that patients were randomized, none reported details of their randomization methods. Because most studies have reported no difference between the treatment effect of steroids and enteral nutrition, a publication bias is most unlikely. Studies demonstrating a clear benefit for either therapy are unlikely to have been overlooked. In addition, we selected studies in abstract form to ensure inclusion of all available data. Although this prevented a quality assessment of included trials as performed by some investigators (1,2), a quality score has not always been useful in a final analysis (1,3).
This systematic review provides both a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data available on the use of enteral nutrition in children with active Crohn's disease.
If new research in this field is to contribute significantly to our practice and not merely support the current evidence, this analysis also provides an idea of the quality and volume of data required to achieve this. Allocation of funds and enrollment of patients, even if randomized, to studies merely supporting current good-quality evidence is inappropriate. In the absence of large, multicenter studies, however, this analysis demonstrates the benefit of small, well-designed randomized trials if the accumulation of quality evidence is to continue.
Corticosteroids clearly remain essential in the management of patients with Crohn's disease. However, despite their proven efficacy and ease of use, this should not preclude the use of an equally efficacious, but less-convenient therapy. The effect of steroids on growth and puberty make their repeated use particularly unsuitable for children approaching their major period of growth. Steroids also remain poor at healing bowel mucosa (56), whereas there are initial observational studies documenting improved mucosal cytokine profiles after enteral nutrition (28,50). Concerns about the long-term risks of malignancy in the face of active bowel inflammation continue (57–59). With more years of Crohn's disease ahead of them than adults, children may benefit more from achieving a better mucosal remission.
We therefore conclude that enteral nutrition is as effective as steroids in achieving a remission in children with active Crohn's disease. It is likely that a palatable, whole-protein polymeric diet is no less efficacious than an elemental, amino acid–based formula. This should make nutritional therapy a much more practical choice for both patient and clinician.
In view of the benefits of dietary therapy on growth, development, and probably the gut mucosa, an enteral diet should be recommended as first-line therapy in all children with active Crohn's disease.
The authors thanks Michael A. Stoto, Ph.D., Professor and Chair, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Services, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, for his help with the statistical analysis.
Supported by grant T32-DK07477-16 from the the National Institutes of Health Training Grant in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition for training in clinical effectiveness (R.H.).
This article has been cited 108 time(s).
Child; Crohn's disease; Enteral nutrition; Meta-analysis of publications; Steroids
© 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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Weekly Update - 5/30/2014back
Each week, the City Manager's Office provides an update that includes information on programs, services and issues within the City, as well as news, project updates and follow-up information when applicable. It can be found on the City's website.
Bike to Work Day: Bike riders all over Coronado and the region are biking to work today as part of the Bike to Work 2014 and National Bike Month activities. For all bike riders today, there are three pit stops to help riders re-fuel and get encouragement along the way. The pit stops in Coronado are at Glorietta Bay Park, just south of the Community Center, on the Coronado Commuter Ferry and by the Coronado Cays entrance. Carpoolers and those who walk to work also were encouraged to participate. For more information about biking opportunities, please contact Mariah VanZerr at (619) 522-2423 or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Bike to Work Day pit stop.
Coronado Bicycle Rodeo and Safe Cycling Festival: The free fun-for-all-ages Coronado Bicycle Rodeo and Safe Cycling Festival will be held Sunday, June 1, from 2 to 4 p.m. The event is organized by the Coronado Bicycle Advisory Committee, in conjunction with the Coronado Recreation Department, and is sponsored by the Optimist Club of Coronado and Holland's Bicycles. The second annual Rodeo and Bike Safety Festival will feature an opportunity to register bikes with the Coronado Police Department; learn basic bike maintenance skills; ride the bike safety course; and give cyclists the chance to pedal their way to a Gatorade slushy. All participants will be eligible for the many raffle prizes to be awarded. The rodeo will be held at the small park next to the Coronado Yacht Club along Glorietta Bay near the Bayshore Bikeway.
Are You Informed?: The City of Coronado provides many ways to keep residents up-to-date on happenings around Coronado. For example, the City's website, www.coronado.ca.us, has a News Center where press releases, meeting notices and important documents are regularly posted. The website also has a meeting calendar and the City's Twitter feed. The City has an active presence on Facebook and Twitter, where posts on topical Coronado news are made daily. The Coronado Police Department also has a Facebook page, as does the Recreation Department's Coronado Teens. Coronado also offers a way for residents to subscribe online through its eNotify system to various City publications, such as meeting agendas and minutes and employment opportunities, as well as Engineering Department Requests for Proposals. The City of Coronado is committed to keeping residents, businesses, neighborhoods, and anyone interested in local news, informed about their local government. More information can be found in a press release on the City's website.
Summer Shuttle Launch -- June 8: Coronado's popular Summer Shuttle is back and is set to offer free bus service to Coronado residents and visitors beginning Sunday, June 8. Surveyed riders from last year's free Summer Shuttle expressed their appreciation for the free bus service and a desire to have the City offer it again. The Summer Shuttle reduces vehicle trips along the Orange Avenue Corridor during the peak summer season. The City Council agreed to once again fund the free service from June 8 through September 14. The buses will run every 30 minutes from 9:03 a.m. to 9:42 p.m. Sunday through Thursday, and from 9:03 a.m. to 10:42 p.m. Friday and Saturday. The new service provides four more hours of daily service to the 904 route by beginning one hour earlier and remaining in operation three hours later, seven days a week. A handy brochure with the map below and places of interest around town will be distributed next week to City facilities and will be available on the buses. This year, be sure to catch the ads inside the buses that will operate this summer from local Coronado businesses, a new feature this year. For more information, call (619) 522-7340.
Memorial Day at Star Park: The Memorial Day ceremony at Star Park on Monday, May 26, honored veterans and the military and was well attended by Coronado residents. The event was hosted by Veterans of Foreign Wars Coronado Post 2422, United States Navy League-Coronado Council and Military Officers' Association of America Silver Strand Chapter. Many Coronado residents and their families attended the ceremony. Public Services crews set up special event bike racks that were quickly filled.
Above and below: Images from the Memorial Day Ceremony at Star Park.
Special Events Permits: The following are permits issued for beach and parks events scheduled to be held from Saturday, May 31 through Friday, June 6.
Wedding Ceremony
May 31
Wedding Ceremony
North Beach
May 31
Wedding Ceremony
South Beach
May 31
5th Grade Beach Day
Central Beach
June 3
7th Grade Beach Day
Central Beach
June 4
Wedding Ceremony
Central Beach
June 6
Design Review Commission: On Wednesday, May 28, the Design Review Commission approved exterior revisions to the Proteus Fitness & Training business at 841½ Orange Avenue. The Commission also approved an exterior remodel for the Coronado Bay Club Apartments office building at 1515 Second Street, with the condition that a proposed 25-foot metal mesh green wall not be installed at the front of the building.
RSIP-3 Residential Zoning Standards Online Survey: There has been a good response to the Residential Standards Improvement Program survey so far with 122 people completing the survey. The public is encouraged to complete the survey, which can be found at http://www.coronado.ca.us/RSIP. The survey will close at 9 a.m. on June 16.
Planning Commission: At its regular meeting on Tuesday, May 27, the Planning Commission approved a "Determination of Development" to allow for construction of a proposed deck and walls in the rear yard of a dwelling located at 53 Catspaw Cape in the Coronado Cays.
Coronado Historical Association and Coronado Main Street: On Wednesday, May 28, Tricia Olsen, associate planner for Historic Resources, gave a lecture on the City's Historic Preservation Program at the annual Historic Preservation Month symposium, hosted by the Coronado Historical Association and Coronado Main Street. A lecture on the history of Orange Avenue was presented by Chris Ackerman and Doug St. Denis. The symposium at the Coronado History of Museum and Art was well attended.
New Bike Rack Installation: The City will begin installing today 30 new bike parking racks in a three-block test area along Orange Avenue, on sidewalks from B Avenue and Loma Avenue to Ninth Street. This is part of a pilot project directed by the City Council to test the effectiveness of more on-sidewalk bicycle parking and various rack styles. Two rack styles are being installed that represent a mix of both fun and functional bike parking styles. The racks should minimize the need to lock bikes to trees, posts or benches where they may block the walkways. City staff will conduct bike parking counts in the test area, as well as solicit feedback from local businesses and residents. Information collected will be reported to the City Council in the fall. Feedback can be provided by phone or email to Associate Transportation Planner Mariah VanZerr, at (619) 522-2423, or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Above and below: Both Styles of new bike parking racks
Close up of QR Code on bike racks that links to the City's website.
Library Summer Festival: The Library's 15th annual Summer Festival kicks off this June with an exhibit on Coronado surfers, including both current day surfers and many who are considered to be Coronado surfing legends. This photographic exhibit will be complemented by a talk from noted surfing author, Ben Marcus, at 7 p.m. on Thursday, June 12, in the Winn Room. Marcus is the author of the book "365 Surfboards." The Summer Festival will include concerts and lectures throughout the summer months of June, July and August, and is sponsored by the Hotel del Coronado and the Friends of the Library. The flier below contains details of all the upcoming programs.
Youth Programs: The Library's Teen Advisory Board met on Tuesday, May 27, and a Teen Craft was held on Wednesday, May 28. The teens decorated pots and planted herbs. Story times were held on Tuesday and Thursday, May 27 and 28, and will also be held today, May 30.
Photos from the Teen Craft event.
Special Olympics Torch Run: On Tuesday, May 27, members of the Police Department ran in the Law Enforcement Torch Run for the Special Olympics. The event raises funds for and awareness of the Special Olympics. In addition to participating in the run, the Coronado Police Department was the top fundraising team in all of San Diego County.
Left to Right: Detective Jason Hurley, Detective Jackie Hurtado, Sgt. Matt Mitchell, PSO Merry Theisen, Officer Aaron Mansker, Detective Angel Cedeño.
Crime Stoppers Officer of the Year Award: The 2014 annual "Enough is Enough" Crime Stoppers luncheon was held on Thursday, May 29. Nominees from regional law enforcement agencies were honored for their exceptional policing efforts. Detective Anthony Flores was Coronado's 2014 nominee. Flores was nominated for demonstrating his knowledge, skills and experience as an officer by leading his shift in felony arrests, making several drug related arrests, providing training on narcotics and cell phone data records. He also was instrumental in starting the Coronado Police Explorer program.
From left to right: Commander Mike Lawton, Detective Anthony Flores, Police Chief Jon Froomin
Total Station Training: On Wednesday, May 28, Coronado Police Department's Traffic and Investigations Divisions participated in a refresher training course on the Total Station equipment. Total Station is an electronic, optical instrument used to reconstruct accident and crime scenes using computer technology.The training, which took place at Vetter Park, was provided by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department.
Orange Avenue Tree Wells: The installation of the new tree wells, on Orange Avenue, began as scheduled, on Tuesday, May 27. The work is set to be completed slightly ahead of schedule, on either Friday, May 30, or early next week.
Above and below: Crews working on tree well installation along Orange Avenue near First Street.
Recreation Department Summer Staff Kick-off: This week, new, returning and longtime staff participated in the Recreation Department's summer staff and program training, which was held at the Community Center. This is one opportunity each year when staff from all of Recreation's different departments can come together. It is also the unofficial start of the summer programming.
Above and Below: Recreation staff training.
Tennis: The United States Tennis Association's Junior Satellite Tournament finished up this past weekend with 10 Coronado kids taking home trophies. Feedback from officials has been positive and encouraging. Nearly 180 children from San Diego and the region, including Calexico and Ensenada in Mexico, participated in the event.
- The Bicycle Advisory Committee meets at 3 p.m. on Monday, June 2, at City Hall.
- The City Council meets at 4 p.m. on Tuesday, June 3, at City Hall.
- The Historic Resource Commission meets at 3 p.m. on Wednesday, June 4, at City Hall.
- The Coronado Tourism Improvement District meets at 2 p.m. on Thursday, June 5, at City Hall.
- The Cultural Arts Commission meets at 4:30 p.m. on Thursday, June 5, at City Hall.


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Low Calorie Dessert Recipes
|low calorie dessert
If you're the type of person who has to have dessert after dinner, then don't give it up just because you're on a diet! You can easily save enough calories to have a healthy dessert that won't ruin your entire day. Here are some delicious low-calorie dessert recipes that you can make and portion out so you can enjoy them throughout the week.
Low Calorie Key Lime and Strawberry Pie
- 1 low calorie graham cracker pie crust ( 9 inches)
- 1 (8 ounce) container fat free whipped topping
- 1/4 cup freshly squeezed lime juice
- 2 tablespoons lime zest
- 1 crushed strawberry
- 1 (6 ounce) container key lime pie flavored yogurt
- 1 (6 ounce) container strawberry yogurt
- 1/4 cup boiling water
- 1 (.3 ounce) box sugar-free lime gelatin
Start by boiling your water and dissolving the gelatin into it. Mix until there are no more chunks left, and then add in the lime juice, crushed strawberry and lime zest. Stir the yogurt until it's well-combined and then fold in the whipped topping gently. Once you're done with this, pour the filling into the pie crust and leave it in your fridge overnight. When you cut it the next morning it will be light, fluffy and delicious! It makes 8 slices of pie and can be a great dessert to enjoy for the entire family.
Diet Cake
- 1 box of cake mix
- 1 can of diet soda
This recipe couldn't be any easier to make and it's very low in calories. All you do is grab a box of your favorite cake mix. This could be spice, white, yellow, chocolate or any other flavor that you like. After this, mix the cake mix with a can of your choice diet soda. You won't mix in any of the ingredients that are listed on the box, like the eggs and the oil. All that you do is mix the soda and the cake, then bake according to box directions.
Some great combinations include: chocolate cake and regular diet soda, spice cake with diet soda, white cake with diet cherry soda, white cake with diet orange soda or chocolate cake with diet cherry soda. The combinations are endless and all of them taste great! The flavor of the regular diet soda will actually bake off while in the oven, so if you only want to taste the cake, then use a plain diet soda.
Diet Cobbler
- 1 box white cake mix
- 1 can diet lemon lime soda
- 1 bag frozen mixed berries
Start by greasing a casserole pan and then pour the mixed berries into the bottom. From here, sprinkle the cake mix over the top until all of it is covering the berries. Next you will slowly pour the lemon lime soda over the cake WITHOUT doing any mixing. It will bubble, but this will go down and it won't affect the taste. It's okay to leave dry cake spots, as this will taste great later.
Bake in the oven at 350 degrees for 40 minutes or until the cake in the pan is golden brown. Let this cool for 10 minutes and then serve either on its own or with some frozen yogurt. This is just like a cobbler, except it doesn't have all the calories. The dry spots of the cake mix will harden in the oven, which will give it a nice crunch that tastes great.
Fruit Jell-O
- large package sugar free Jell-O
- can mixed fruit in extra light syrup
Mix up the Jell-O like you normally would and put it in the fridge to cool for around an hour. After this, drain the fruit so that the syrup is out of it and pour the mixed fruit into the container with the Jell-O. Put this back into the fridge and leave in until the gelatin is completely settled. This is very low calorie, yet will help get rid of your sweet tooth at any time. You can add on whipped cream if you want to add another flavor as well!
Any of these recipes can serve as weekday or weekend desserts. They are great to keep in the fridge, but they can also be brought to parties. Eat one of these instead of a calorie packed dessert and you will be able to enjoy sweetness whenever you want! There's no reason you can't have your dessert and eat it too.
Author Bio :
Popea Ionut is freelance writer who loves to workout and keep his body fit. Skin care is another topic that needs time and knowledge; that's why he created Xkincare.com – a blog designed to help others to achieve great looking skin.