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Vertebrate Functional Morphology & Evolution
Dinosaurs Had Thick Articular Cartilage
Holliday CM, Ridgely RC, Seldmayr JC, & Witmer LM. Cartilaginous Epiphyses in Extant Archosaurs and Their Implications for Reconstructing Limb Function in Dinosaurs PLOS ONE 5(9): 15p.
Relevant links:
Download the paper HERE at PLoS ONe
Download the supplemental data HERE at PLoS ONE
Visit the additional media HERE including a longer narrative, old photos, and the 2001 SVP presentation.
Please visit the WitmerLab's Pick & Scalpel Blog for additional information.
Visit Mizzou's Press Release Page HERE
Common Language Summary
Dinosaur Articular Cartilage: Hyaline cartilage is a soft tissue vital to the construction and healthy function of vertebrate limb joints. Not only is cartilage responsible for mediating bone growth during an animal's early years, but it also provides the thin layer of lubricating articular cartilage on the joint's surface. Even in elephants, the largest terrestrial mammals living today, this layer of articular cartilage is only about 2 mm thick, and being largely without blood vessels, it relies on diffusion to feed the cartilage cells during movement. However the surfaces of many dinosaur bones lack bony condyles necessary for making a knee, for example, the surfaces are often porous and wrinkled, indicating the presence of blood vessels, These soft tissues necessary for joint function are stripped away during fossilization. Thus paleontologists are challenged to accurately infer posture, height, and locomotor behavior in extinct taxa like dinosaurs. Our team, originally from Ohio University, now dispersed to different schools sought to get at this problem by asking:
How much cartilage did dinosaurs have in their joints? How well can we estimate it? What significance might articular cartilages have on our interpretations of dinosaur biology?
Using data from the living relatives of dinosaurs, crocodilians and birds, this study concludes that dinosaurs built their limbs differently than mammals, relying more on cartilage than bone to not only lubricate their joints but also to actually form the articulating condyles and processes that unite and stabilize the knees, elbows, and other limb joints. The bony ends of long bones of dinosaurs indicate that blood vessels supplied these cartilages throughout the animal's growth, thus enabling these cartilage caps to remain far larger than those found in mammals.
We developed a metric, the cartilage correction factor (CCF) to estimate the amount of cartilage on the ends of long bones. For example applying an Alligator CCF (10%) to Brachiosaurus altithorax, which has a 6ft long femur and about a 4ft long tibia, would add about 1ft of extra cartilage onto the total length of the elements. Adding 1ft extra to the height of a fossil taxon, like the 42ft tall Brachiosaurus, may seem trivial; however distributed evenly on all four joint surfaces results in cartilage caps that are 3 inches thick. That's really thick cartilage!
We hope this new metric, the CCF, aids paleontologists with their estimates of height by decreasing the amount of error involved in these reconstructions. However, even though we're losing length and breadth of these elements upon the loss of cartilage, condyles and other articular structures, the most critical features that account for the fit, or congruency of the joints, and therefore posture are lost. Because posture is difficult to estimate, ranges of motion and eventually estimates of speed and locomotor behavior suffer because of the error associated with articulating, or misarticulating these elements. That said, this is not meant to dissuade paleontologists from studying posture and locomotion, but merely to give them more an anatomical leg to stand on.
Illustration of Brachiosaurus altithorax showing height differences applying Alligator-like Cartilage Correction Factors to the limb elements. Based on the epiphyseal vasculature giving the rugose, wrinkled texture in many dinosaurs, we suggest these fossil taxa may have had even more cartilage than alligators do. Human skeleton is approximately 6ft high. Modified line drawing of Brachiosaurus skeleton used with permission from MJ Wedel.
Modified photo of Brachiosaurus cast on display at O'Hare International Airport, Chicago, IL. Cartilage-caps reconstructed to highlight the missing articular condyles.
Funding for this project was provided by National Science Foundation (NSF) DDIG 0407735 (to L.M.W and C.M.H.) and NSF IBN-9601174, IBN-0343744, IOB-0517257 (to L.M.W.) as well as Ohio University Departments of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, and University of Missouri Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences.
University of Missouri Press Release
Dinosaurs Significantly Taller than Previously Thought, MU Researcher Finds
MU, Ohio University study finds that thicker cartilage may have added more than one foot of height;
Discovery also has implications for posture and speed of the animals
COLUMBIA, Mo.– It might seem obvious that a dinosaur's leg bone connects to the hip bone, but what came between the bones has been less obvious. Now, researchers at the University of Missouri and Ohio University have found that dinosaurs had thick layers of cartilage in their joints, which means they may have been considerably taller than previously thought. The study is being published this week in the journal PLoS-ONE (Public Library of Science).
"Our study of the limbs of modern-day relatives of dinosaurs shows that dinosaurs were significantly taller than original estimates," said Casey Holliday, lead author of the study and an anatomy professor in the MU School of Medicine. "The ends of many dinosaurs' long bones, which include leg bones such as the femur or tibia, are rounded and rough and lack major articulating structures like condyles, which are bony projections. This indicated that very thick cartilages formed these structures, and therefore the joints themselves, and would have added significant height to certain dinosaurs. This study offers new data into how and why reptiles, and mammals, such as humans, build their joints with such different amounts of bone and cartilage."
Holliday and Lawrence Witmer, a professor of anatomy at the Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, conducted research on ostriches and alligators, the closest, modern-day relatives of dinosaurs, and then studied the fossilized limbs of different dinosaurs including Tyrannosaurus rex, Allosaurus, Brachiosaurus and Triceratops. The team determined that the lengths of alligators' and ostriches' limbs included between 6 and 10 percent cartilage.
Using a "cartilage correction factor," Holliday determined that many theropod dinosaurs, such as Tyrannosaurus, were only modestly taller whereas ornthischian and sauropod dinosaurs, such as Triceratops and Brachiosaurus, may have been 10 percent taller or more. For example, Brachiosaurus, previously thought to be 42 feet tall, may actually have been more than a foot taller with the additional joint cartilages.
"This study is significant because it shows that bones can't always speak for themselves," Witmer said. "To understand how dinosaurs moved, we need to analyze the bones as they were inside their bodies, including their cartilage. The dinosaur bones mounted in museums don't accurately reflect what the animals actually had in their bodies in life because the cartilage caps were lost along with the other soft tissues. Knowing how much cartilage was lost allows us to better restore the structure of a living dinosaur bone, which then allows us to better understand how dinosaurs moved and lived"
Understanding the structures of the soft tissues in dinosaurs might also have implications for their speed and posture. While an increase in limb length typically means a taller dinosaur, it could also mean a faster or slower animal, depending on how it affects the skeleton, Holliday said. This finding could have major implications on how scientists currently understand dinosaur anatomy.
Dinosaur bones are different than the bones of mammals, including humans. Mammals have small protrusions at the end of each bone that help it connect with another bone at a joint, like two puzzle pieces. The bones are linked by a very thin layer of cartilage, which provides padding in the joint, but often wears down leading to painful conditions like arthritis. Comparatively, dinosaur bones have rounded ends and no obvious way to connect one bone to another. Soft tissue structures like cartilage and muscles leave marks on bones, which enable paleontologists to make sophisticated determinations about a dinosaur's physical attributes.
Alligators have smooth, rounded bones while young ostriches have rough surfaces on their bones that mark where blood vessels feed large cartilaginous structures in the joints. Both characteristics are similar to dinosaur bones.
Holliday's team dissected the alligator and ostrich bones and made casts of the bones with cartilage. The team then removed the cartilage and compared the bones to the casts. The bones without the cartilage were 4 to 10 percent smaller. From the evidence, Holliday and his research team concluded that certain dinosaurs had a significant amount of cartilage, and thus, were taller than original estimates. In the future, Holliday hopes to collaborate with MU veterinarians to study how and why different vertebrates build their joints with different proportions of cartilage and bone.
Holliday and Witmer led a research team that included Ryan Ridgely from Ohio University and Jayc Sedlmayr from Louisiana State University. The National Science Foundation and Ohio University provided funding for this research. PLoS-ONE is an open-access and free journal available online at: www.plosone.org


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text: Sep 18, 2013 22:45 LSU looking for cats, dogs to help with therapy LSU looking for cats, dogs to help with therapy Advocate staff report Sept. 18, 2013; 9:34 a.m. Comments The LSU College of Agriculture is looking for volunteers who will let their dogs and cats take part in the college's Animal Assisted Therapy, or AAT, program. "We're looking for a few more good dogs and cats of any shape and size," said Betsy Garrison, associate dean of the College of Agriculture and rector for the Agriculture Residential College program. Arrangements have been made for Diane Sylvester, director of the LSU School of Veterinary Medicine's Tiger HATS program, to evaluate dogs and cats at 6 p.m. Wednesday on the grounds of the LSU Vet School. In Animal Assisted Therapy, a dog or cat is used as an integral part of the medical treatment process. The therapy has been used to establish a human-animal bond and promote good health and the recovery of illness and some diseases. To volunteer a dog or a cat for the ARC's Animal Assisted Therapy program, or for more information on the program, email email@example.com or contact Garrison at (225) 578-2081 or email firstname.lastname@example.com. Get The Advocate in your inbox Subscribe


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Someone wanting to vote in the City Hall election must be registered to vote by the end of the business day on Monday.
The balloting starts the next day for people who were registered to vote by Oct. 7. The early voting period, a popular time for people to cast ballots, runs on weekdays between Tuesday and Nov. 1.
The early voting hours run from 10 a.m. until 2 p.m. at the Marsac Building. There will be extended hours on Nov. 1, when voting will be available from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m.
Voters must present a valid form of government-issued identification, such as a driver license, a passport or a military identification card. Someone without an acceptable form of identification, they must provide two alternate forms from an approved list. The list includes a current utility bill, a bank or financial statement, a Social Security card, a paycheck from the person's employer, a United States military identification card and a certified naturalization document.
Someone who must register to vote can do so at the Marsac Building or on a state elections website. City Hall's election official, Sharon Bauman, has recommended someone register in person rather than online. Anyone who registered to vote after Oct. 7 is prohibited from casting a ballot during the early voting period and must vote on Election Day itself.
Someone must have lived in the place where they intend to vote for at least 30 days prior to the election to be allowed to cast a ballot.
Voters in Park City will choose the next mayor and two Park City Council spots. Andy Beerman, a member of the Park City Council, and Park City Planning Commissioner Jack Thomas are competing for the mayor's office. Four people -- incumbent Alex Butwinski, incumbent Cindy Matsumoto, Mary Wintzer and Tim Henney -- are on the City Council ballot.
For more information about registering to vote or the early voting period, contact Bauman. Her phone number is 615-5184 and her email address is firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Gardner Foundation Research Grant
Purpose: To stimulate quality research in the specialty practice of infusion nursing.
Allocation of funds is based on the quality of the proposed research, the future promise of the applicant and his or her ability to carry out the project, and the proposed budget.
Eligible Candidates: INS members, registered nurses with current license
Selection Criteria: Candidates must develop a clear and concise proposal following the outline below (6- page limit, double-spaced, font no smaller than Calibri 11 point). References are not included in the page limit.
1. Significance and Background: This section describes the problem and why it is important to study. The information in this section is backed up by your review of the literature.
2. The Research Questions: This section clearly states your research question(s). Use the PICO format to assist you in writing a clear research question.
3. Methods: This section describes how the research will be done. It should include
a. Design – the type of study, eg., descriptive, experimental, qualitative, correlational, survey methodology, retrospective, longitudinal
b. Sample
i. Population
ii. Sampling procedures
iii. Sample size
iv. Inclusion, exclusion criteria
c. Procedures
i. Plan for interventions if applicable
ii. Plan for data collection
1. Procedures for data collection
2. Theoretical and operational definitions of data (how you will measure the data)
d. Plan for data analysis
e. Acknowledgment of study limitations
f. Protection of human subjects (attach letter of Institutional Review Board [IRB] approval)
g. Timeline (a table is suggested)
h. Budget (a table is suggested)
Please include your name in the body of the submission.
Conditions: It is an expectation of INS that the results of the study will be disseminated to the INS membership by either podium presentation, poster, or manuscript.
Funding available: $5,000
2016 Gardner Foundation Research Grant
Scholarship sponsored by


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Las Vegans have a new place to both buy makeup and get a professional makeup application. L Makeup Institute has added a new retail store to its professional makeup artistry school. The retail boutique will carry brands only available to makeup artists such as Kryolan Pro Zone, Ben Nye, RCMA and exclusive products from Make Up For Ever. The boutique will also debut a series of workshops designed to teach guests professional tips and tricks.
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L Makeup Institute offers courses in beauty, airbrush, body painting and special effects, along with specialized workshops, all taught by established professional, media and film production artists. Each course is limited to twelve students to insure qulaity instruction and tuition starts at $2,000. For more information on professional and amateur workshops, visit lmakeupinstitute.com or follow them on Facebook. L Makeup Institute is located at 5525 S Decatur Blvd., Suite 102, Las Vegas, NV 89118. Retail hours are Monday-Saturday


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Its trunk starts at Lhasa, capital of Tibet, passes near turquoise Yamdrok Lake, through Gyantse to Shigatse, Tibet's second-largest city and home of the Panchen Lama, then continues west parallel to the Yarlung Zangbo River/Brahmaputra, then to Lhatse, where one branch continues west and upriver as China National Highway NO.219, finally crossing the Brahmaputra/Indus divide near sacred Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar, then on to Ali in Gar County, while the other branch from Chapu maintains the Hwy NO.318 route number.
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Questions & Answers on Sino-Nepal Friendship Highway, Lhasa to KathmanduSee More >>


text: An ultrasound unit sends a 2.4 MHz sound wave into a 35cm long tube filled with an unkown liquid. A small microphone rigtt next to the ultrasonic generator detects the transmitted w3ave and teh sound wave that has reflected off the far end of the tube. The two sound pulses are 4.7 divisions apart on an oscilloscope for which the horizantal time sweep is set to 100 microsecond/division. What is the speed of the sound in the liquid?


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The most significant challenge of our times relates to the ongoing theft of society's wealth across the board by a very small group of people known as "oligarchs," the "super rich," the "overclass," etc. Whatever you want to call them, this group is hellbent on using political cronyism in faux democracies across the global to aggregate all the world's wealth and power, while concurrently implementing an Orwellian surveillance state spy-grid in order to protect their fiefdoms once the plebs finally become restless. This much we know.
While the above-mentioned clash between oligarchs and the demoralized and confused citizenry (a significant percentage of this class doesn't even know the clash is happening) will be the defining battle of my lifetime, it is extremely important to understand another conflict that is almost equally important. This is the widening division between generations, which I believe will get quite ugly in the next severe economic downturn beginning sometime next year.
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The following editorial appeared in the San Jose Mercury News on Wednesday, March 27:
The Supreme Court's surprise ruling on health care reform last June should give judicial observers pause before drawing any conclusions from the court's arguments Tuesday on California's Proposition 8.
That said, the justices' line of questioning offers hope for supporters of gay marriage. Chief Justice John Roberts immediately questioned whether the proponents of Proposition 8 even had the legal right, or standing, to appeal San Francisco federal district court Judge Vaughn Walker's ruling that struck down the ban on same-sex marriage. It may prove to be the essential question of the case.
The Supreme Court could rule that only Gov. Jerry Brown, Attorney General Kamala Harris or other state officials have the standing to defend the ban, which they have refused to do. If the court is looking to avoid a sweeping and potentially polarizing ruling on gay marriage, it could let Walker's ruling stand and allow gay marriage to resume in California.
We would welcome such a ruling. But we would prefer a simple but broad declaration that all American gays and lesbians have an equal right to marry that is basic to constitutional principles.
Charles Cooper, the lawyer defending Proposition 8, again struggled to offer a rational case for treating gays and lesbians differently on the issue of marriage, as opposed to the workplace. It's understandable. He has no winning argument. Gay marriage would strengthen America, not threaten it.
Cooper's silly assertion that it is in the state's interest to defend responsible procreation seemed to fall flat with the justices, with good reason.
The justices have multiple options for how to rule in this case, but if they don't want to be embarrassed in the history books, they must take a stand for equality and end California's discrimination against gays and lesbians.


text: I have been rereading one of my favorite books on the subject of crafting a ritual. The book is Blacksun's Spell of Making. It is a wonderful book on ritual construction that gives you a very pragmatic approach to creating the basic structure or form of any ritual regardless of your religion. I recommend it as a [Read More…]


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ON THE GROUND: Dr. Bernhards Ogutu
November 6th, 2009 § 5
The Affordable Medicines Facility-Malaria to begin delivering subsidized ACTs within two weeks
November 6th, 2009 § 1
The Affordable Medicines Facility – malaria (AMFm) program, hosted and managed by the Global Fund, will deliver subsidized artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) to select countries within two weeks time. As a result of negotiations and larger, direct payments to manufacturers, malaria drug prices will be reduced from$6 to 40 cents per dose through AMFm. Countries selected to participate in the program, originally announced in April, are: Benin, Cambodia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania and Uganda.
The announcement came from the 5th Pan-African MIM Conference in Nairobi on Monday. Experts hailed the drug-delivery decision as key to eradicating malaria in sub-Saharan Africa.
Read the full article here: http://globalhealth.kff.org/Daily-Reports/2009/November/04/GH-110409-Malaria-Conference.aspx
ON THE GROUND: Dr. Wilfred Mbacham
November 6th, 2009 § 1
Dr. Wilfred Mbacham, of the University of Yaounde I in Cameroon, will take over as Executive Director of the MIM Secretariat in January 2011. He discusses his impressions of this year's MIM meeting, and how the malaria field can move forward over the next three years — until the next MIM Pan-African conference.
ON THE GROUND: Dr. Salim Abdulla
November 6th, 2009 § 1
Dr. Salim Abdulla, Director of the Ifakara Health Institute in Tanzania, discusses the development of RTS,S — the world's most advanced malaria vaccine candidate — which is now in phase III trials.
African Malaria Research Initiative Moves to Cameroon
November 6th, 2009 § 1
Location expands opportunities for central African and French-speaking scientists.
Nairobi, 6 November 2009 – Yaoundé, Cameroon will be the next site of the Multilateral Initiative on Malaria (MIM) secretariat. Wen Kilama, representing the current host of MIM in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, made the announcement at the conclusion of the world's largest scientific conference on malaria, here in Nairobi. The move to Cameroon is anticipated to occur in January of 2011.
MIM is a network to build capacity among African scientists to conduct malaria research. It was established in 1997 with the support of the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Wellcome Trust in the United Kingdom, the Swedish International Development Corporation (SIDA), and TDR, the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases executed by the World Health Organization. The organizing secretariat was first set up at the Wellcome Trust in London, then Fogarty International Center at the NIH in the U.S., then the Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University in Sweden.
"We are very proud to have been the first secretariat in Africa," said Wen Kilama, Managing Trustee for the African Malaria Network Trust (AMANET) and host of the MIM secretariat since 2006. "And we are happy to pass on this tradition to another African institution."
The Cameroon site in central Africa, whose main languages are English and French, offers access to more Africans due to its bilingual status. This location at the Biotechnology Centre of the University of Yaoundé 1, working in coordination with the Academic Medical Centre in Amsterdam, was selected from a competition of three proposals. Professor Rose Leke will serve as Chair of the MIM Secretariat. Dr. Peter De Vries will be the Deputy Chair, and Dr. Wilfred Mbacham the Executive Director.
"MIM has brought a lot to African scientists," said Professor Leke. "We want to build on this in our bilingual country, consolidating MIM achievements as well as expanding into new areas. For example, we would like to help researchers communicate findings better, increase research that provides evidence for healthcare policy, and encourage more Africans to utilize the tools of genomics."
From a small meeting of 90 scientists—30 from Africa—in Dakar, Senegal in 1997, MIM has evolved into the largest malaria research meeting in the world, with more than 2000 scientists participating in this year's meeting in Nairobi. The vast majority of attendees were from Africa.
Together with organizations like Roll Back Malaria Partnership, MIM has helped raise awareness of the need for research on malaria to develop the new tools and strategies necessary for improved control.
MIM has provided research grants to investigators in more than 18 African countries, training, a repository of malaria samples for research, and internet and other communications connectivity to African researchers and institutions.
Under the AMANET leadership during the last five years, the MIM secretariat developed the Central African Network on Tuberculosis, AIDS and Malaria (CANTAM), which is cultivating clinical research capacities in the Republic of Congo, Gabon and Cameroon. Professor Francine Ntoumi, who has been the MIM secretariat coordinator for the last two years, will continue as coordinator of CANTAM.
PHOTOS: RTS,S malaria vaccine clinical trials
November 5th, 2009 § 3
PHOTOS AND VIDEO: Advocates call on President Obama to increase commitment to Global Fund
November 5th, 2009 Comments Off
On Wednesday, Kenyan advocates outside of the Kenyatta International Conference Center chanted, "Yes we can! Yes we can! We can stop AIDS, TB and malaria." The purpose of this protest was twofold: to thank Kenya's most famous son, President Obama, for his contributions to the global fight against these three diseases and to call upon him to finish the job by increasing United States' financial commitment to the Global Fund.
To see a picture from this event, check out image number 10 on the Wall Street Journal photo blog: http://blogs.wsj.com/photojournal/2009/11/04/pictures-of-the-day-296/.
MALARIA NO MORE: Mwea Mission Hospital: Helping Themselves
November 5th, 2009 § 1
Mwea Mission Hospital: Helping Themselves
5 November 2009
By Jessica Uno
Jessica Uno is winner of the World Briefing: Telling the Malaria Contest co-sponsored by Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation and Malaria No More. Her winning essay earned her a trip to cover the MIM Pan-African Malaria Conference in Kenya and report back on the latest in the global effort to end malaria.
Once we arrived at Mwea, we met Dr. John, director of the Vector Control Center at Mwea Mission Hospital. The outdoor hospital is four hours away from the next hospital and served a large patient body. The large rice paddies in that region force hospitals to be far apart. Dr. John and Jane told us about how they had reduced malaria occurrences to almost 0% in the area surrounding the hospital, through a combination of prevention and treatment measures. They pushed large campaigns to encourage the community to consistently sleep under pesticide-treated bed nets and made sure powerful ACTs were readily available for those with malaria. A large problem in applying our existing tools for fighting malaria is patient compliance. You can give a bed net to family, but if left alone, families will often misuse them or use them inconsistently. The same goes true with ACTs – often patients feel better after a day or two of treatment and stop taking their medicines. Creative strategies are necessary to motivate consistent net usage and compliance with malaria treatments. One of Mwea's strategies includes portraying nets as "fashionable," by having respected community leaders show friends and families that the frequently using nets are critical to avoiding mosquitoes. Malaria is preventable and not a fact of life, using the slogan "mosquito out, we are in the net together!" Rather than imposing the nets on the community, Mwea Mission Hospital was successful in encouraging net use in culturally sensitive, sustainable ways that actively involved community members.
After this discussion, we were given a tour of the laboratory. Two of the technicians demonstrated how they test patients for malaria parasites by examining their blood samples under the microscope. Sitting in the middle of a table in the room was a box containing dozens of tiny Anopheles mosquitoes that the laboratory used to study Plasmodium and to train community members in identifying and diagnosing malaria parasites in blood samples. I had never seen an infected Anopheles mosquito, and I was simultaneously repulsed and awed. Then, to my shock, one of the technicians actually mouth-pipetted a few mosquitoes into a tube for us to see. He showed us how to identify the male and female mosquitoes (the males are smaller and have little beards on their mouthparts). There was also a small tub of water where Anopheles larva wriggled and waited to turn into winged adults. Alongside the larva, I noticed a snail floating in the water. Turns out they also study the snail-borne parasiteSchistosomiasis, another danger to workers in the rice paddies. I got really excited because the laboratory where I study malaria at UC San Francisco also focuses on Schistosomiasis. Except when they keep live specimens of the parasite, they are locked in a biohazard room and everyone always wears gloves before going anywhere near the infected snails. I was very impressed at the operations of this Mwea laboratory because they accomplished so much training, diagnosis, and research with a tiny fraction of the equipment I'm used to having in UC San Francisco's laboratories.
We also talked to Jane about the health education projects she leads at local schools. She discussed some effective strategies for motivating both children and their parents to follow good anti-malarial habits and talked about how their programs encouraged children to take an active role in malaria prevention. This is part of a larger effort to inspire the next generation to take on malaria rather than accept the disease as unstoppable. Children produced beautiful art and poetry through various contests themed around malaria at the schools, some of which had grown into national contests bringing together children from different regions. Malaria education also gave children an opportunity to learn about future career options, like becoming lab technicians or doctors. Jane exemplified how communities are using malaria to create opportunities for growth, unity, and action independent of foreign aid.
Jessica's trip to Kenya was supported by Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation and Malaria No More.
This blog entry was originally posted on Malaria No More's Malaria Policy Center, wh ich can be accessed here: http://malarianomore.org/blog/?p=2000.
MALARIA NO MORE: Student Reporting from the MIM Conference
November 5th, 2009 § 1
Student Reporting from MIM Conference
5 November 2009
By Jessica Uno
Jessica Uno is winner of the World Briefing: Telling the Malaria Contest co-sponsored by Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation and Malaria No More. Her winning essay earned her a trip to cover the MIM Pan-African Malaria Conference in Kenya and report back on the latest in the global effort to end malaria.
I am fortunate to be at this conference attending fascinating presentations and meeting so many incredible players in the malaria scene. The opportunity to learn about their experiences and motivations has taught me so much about malaria in just a few days. One of the first admirable individuals I interviewed was Caterina Capaccioli, head of Strategic Planning & Execution, Malaria Initiatives at Novartis. Caterina introduced me to the role that collaboration among different organizations — corporations, nonprofits, African ministries of health and others — have played in successfully reducing the malaria burden. For example, Novartis has worked closely with the Chinese government to develop effective innovations. Another example is the partnership between bed nets organizations like Malaria No More and those who produce and distribute antimalarial treatments, pairing prevention and treatment. One major advantage to such collaborations is the greater number of skills and resources available to unite against malaria. Combining unique specialties among partners is necessary when facing the constantly evolving malaria threat. A united front is much stronger and efficient than many individual efforts.
Jessica's trip to Kenya was supported by Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation and Malaria No More.
This blog entry was originally posted on Malaria No More's Malaria Policy Center, which can be accessed here: http://malarianomore.org/blog/?p=1978.
ON THE GROUND: Dr. Timothy Wells
November 5th, 2009 Comments Off
Dr. Tim Wells, Chief Scientific Officer at Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), discusses the development of new drugs for malaria, and the ultimate goal of eradicating the disease.


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Because we want to pamper your pets the way we like our own pets treated. Our care givers have all day interactive contact with our guests! We proudly provide superior dog boarding in Franklinville and all throughout South Jersey including Deptford. while also offering cat boarding, pet grooming, dog training services and doggie daycare. We are not your typical dog kennel - we are a full service pet resort!
Our staff is educated and trained by Pet Care Services Association. Halo House caregivers are trained to be the most knowledgeable and caring in our area.
We are also trained by the Red Cross in Pet First Aid!
Halo House Animal Resort is located in heart of South Jersey, in Franklinville (right off Rt. 55 at exit 43). Our facility attracts pet lovers from as far away as New York City! We proudly provide superior pet grooming, dog training, doggie daycare,cat and dog boarding in Franklinville, NJ and the surrounding areas including Sewell.
**ALL RESERVATIONS REQUIRE 25% DEPOSIT DOWN TO HOLD THE RESERVATION (deposits are taken off the balance in the end). CANCELATION NOTICE IS THREE DAYS PRIOR TO YOUR ARRIVAL TO RECEIVE A REFUND ON YOUR DEPOSIT**
NEW CLIENTS receive 1 free night with a two night minimum stay and/or 25% off grooming.
Contact us to make your reservation or grooming appointment
Franklinville, NJ (856) 694-0980
Deptford, NJ (856) 537-1140
Sicklerville, NJ 856-318-1042
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The fans of "Grey's Anatomy" definitely are looking at a new season when the cast returns for the next installment of the series. While one doctor might be leaving for good, there is new concerns as Grey Sloan Memorial is cutting staff and someone at the hospital will be without a job. This is a spoiler for the upcoming May 8 episode of "Grey's Anatomy" called "Everything I Try to Do, Nothing Seems to Turn Out Right" (season 10, episode 23.) According to WetPaint on Tuesday, the fans are already full of anxiety as it appears there will be more cast members leaving the show.
With Derek away, Meredith spends time with Amelia and finds out her true feelings about her time in Seattle. It's not a bad conversation, but the discovery of how life could be different has the characters talking about changers. Also Bailey is dealing with the ramifications of her actions and Callie receives some devastating news. Meanwhile, the residents panic after hearing someone will be fired on "Grey's Anatomy." The concern to keep their jobs has everyone trying to figure out who is going to be cut.
There has already been an announcement that two residents won't be returning to the show. Leah (played by Tessa Ferrer) and Shane (played by Gaius Charles) were let go for the next season and that announcement was a few weeks ago, but there appears to be more. Leaving Jo (played by Camilla Luddington), Stephanie (played by Jerrika Hinton) and Ben (played by Jason George) all possibly not returning to the show as well.
Will there be more residents that get fired from the staff? The question has fans wondering and with a big season finale on the way, it makes everyone wondering what might happen if the familiar faces of Grey Sloan Memorial get trimmed before a bigger crisis hits.
"Grey's Anatomy" airs Thursday on ABC at 9 p.m. ET.


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SOCASTEE, S.C.—West Brunswick's season-opening football will resume at 2 p.m. Saturday.
Lightning forced a suspension in the second quarter of the game with Socastee Friday night.
South Brunswick lost 28-14 Friday to Ashley. Here are photos of some of the action.
By MICHAEL PAUL
Led by Keri Nolan's 29 assists and 11 kills and by Kenzie McDuffie's 23 points and six acces, West Brunswick swept New Hanover 25-19, 25-9, 25-23 in a nonconference volleyball match Aug. 26.
The victory improved the Lady Trojans' record to 4-0.
Nolan and McDuffie each had a team-high four digs in the victory, one in which West played one of its best games of the early season.
Playing its second soccer game in two nights, West Brunswick's defense and fitness were tested by Dixon, but the Trojans prevailed 2-1.
A sliding Chip Mendoza scored off a ball by Corey Bell 40 seconds into the game Aug. 19, and early in the second half Bell scored the game-winning goal off a corner kick from Jesse Mayo.
For West coach Tripp Smith, the game showed how resilient the Trojans can be—they lost the night before 6-1 to Laney.
MOREHEAD CITY—Friday night lights. Start of the football season. That means that fall is just around the corner. The North Brunswick Scorpions High School football season started this past Friday night, with a trek to Morehead City to meet the West Carteret Patriots.
It didn't fare well for the Scorpions; they lost 21-18.
On the second play of the game, West Carteret broke out with a 61-yard gain. With 10:21 left in the first quarter, the Patriots scored making it 7-0. It was your typical first-game jitters for both teams, game filled with penalties.
Chad McCumbee drove a strong race in the No. 07 tiwi/Aerus Chevrolet in the O'Reilly 200 Aug. 19 at Bristol Motor Speedway but a broken oil line forced the SS Green Light Racing team to move the truck behind the wall and ultimately ended their night 28 laps from the finish in 27th.
McCumbee started from 19th and moved into the top 15 after four laps around the 0.533 mile-track. McCumbee defended the 14th position until the first caution of the night waved on lap 35 and the tiwi/Aerus Chevrolet made its first trip down pit road.
Fishing is turning out to be a bit better than I expected. Anglers haven't been waiting for the fall but are filling up coolers with some nice fish despite the bad reputation of the late summer season. Flounder, redfish and black drum have all being biting for local fishermen.
One reason may be the influence of Hurricane Bill, which roared by from a distance last week but caused some significant waves and pounded on the beaches. This wouldn't be the first time the original storm of the hurricane season put the fish in a biting mood.
Brunswick County's Dalton Gore is going to California on Sunday to play in the Walmart First Tee Open at Pebble Beach, a Champions Tour event televised by The Golf Channel.
Gore is a senior at South Brunswick High School and plays No. 1 on its men's golf team. He is an Eagle Level participant in The First Tee of Brunswick County.
This is Gore's second trip to Pebble Beach. In 2008, with Jay Haas as his partner, Gore qualified for the Sunday finals and his team finished 16th.
Chandler Taylor and Keith Hopkins, members of The First Tee of Brunswick County, attended a Golf Eagle and Ace Academy July 29-Aug. 3 in Nashville, Tenn. Forty-two participants from 21 chapters of The First Tee in nine states attended.
The week was an immersion in golf with two 18-hole rounds, eight nine-hole rounds and clinics dedicated to full swing, short game and course management. Each participant received a SeeMore Putter, a pair of Callaway golf shoes and other Callaway products, including hats, balls and equipment.
Last month I started a series called "Pro Profiles," which will feature some of our local golf professionals. Today, the series continues with David Kjome, director of golf at St. James.
David is called K.J. by most of his friends and associates. He is tall and tanned with a killer smile. If I were casting a movie with a golf pro in it, I would put David (or someone just like him) in the role.
Copyright © 2016
The Brunswick Beacon is your source for local news, sports, events and information in Brunswick County, North Carolina and surrounding areas.


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- Calendar
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- In Focus
- More Diplo Sites
Language is one of our most basic instincts. From birth humans communicate, at first in order to survive - to ensure that needs are met. But at an amazing rate communication becomes refined into language, one of the defining characteristics of human beings. In The Language Instinct Stephen Pinker writes:
In any natural history of the human species, language would stand out as the pre-eminent trait… A common language connects the members of a community into an information-sharing network with formidable collective powers. Anyone can benefit from the strokes of genius, lucky accidents, and trial-and-error wisdom accumulated by everyone else, present or past. And people can work in teams, their efforts coordinated by negotiated agreements. (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1994, 16)
As Pinker points out, language is what allows us to build on the work of others, benefiting from their knowledge and collaborating to achieve more than one person can alone. The processes of diplomacy - communicating, negotiating, reaching and formulating agreements, collecting, creating, transmitting and recording knowledge - all depend on language.
Studies of diplomacy usually concentrate on the message rather than the means. However, examination of language use in diplomacy can lead to a better understanding of the way diplomacy functions and why some diplomatic processes are more successful than others. Through careful and critical attention to various aspects of diplomatic language we can improve our understanding of both the explicit and implicit messages world leaders and other political figures send out, and improve our own ability to communicate in the most effective and appropriate ways.


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If you were wondering about mothers in today's society, you don't have to any longer. On Thursday, January 30th, BabyCenter.com released its Millennial Mom Report. In order to create this knowledgeable report, BabyCenter.com partnered Research Now in order to conduct the in-depth survey in which more than 1,700 people, which included 1,353 Millennial Moms (ages 18-32) and 359 Generation X moms (ages 33 to 44). The women had been recruited from the BabyCenter 21st Century Mom® Panel, part of the Research Now e-Rewards Panel.
Utilizing social listening skills and qualitative in-home friendship groups in Austin and Boston, insight were gathered about the life of today's moms; what media, technology, parenting resources and brand preferences that they selected. In conjunction with other third-party sources, such as the United States Census, the CDC, the Pew Research Center, Weber Shadwick and KRC Research, Cisco's Connected World Technology Report and comScore, they were able to gather population estimates, spending power, behaviors and attitudes.
This was their latest installment in BabyCenter's 21st Century Mom® Insights Series, revealing new insights surrounding Millennial Moms' parenting style, technology usage, and overall ambitions as both parents and individuals.
In essence what it proved was that Millennial Moms are resilient, resourceful, optimistic and challenging their generation's stereotypes. These women are the product of helicopter parents and opt to parent their own children differently with a more relaxed approach. They also seamlessly integrate digital technologies into their everyday lives, spend more time consuming media, and are entrepreneurial in new and creative ways.
According to Mike Fogarty, SVP and Global Publisher at BabyCenter, "The Millennial Mom is more than you think she is. She represents a cultural and economic force that's creating lasting change. Remember, this generation entered adulthood in the late 1990s with a tailwind of economic growth and global stability, only to see their future thrown into question. Millennial Moms are also bucking convention – in the way they raise their kids and the way they live their own lives. The media's coverage of this generation as self-centered and entitled misses the point. Millennials are a study in contrasts. They're underemployed but entrepreneurial, educated but in debt, digital natives fluent with technology and new media – but back to basics with a strong focus on the environment, health, and nutrition."
BabyCenter® is the voice of the 21st Century Mom® and modern motherhood. It is utilized digitally throughout the world; from Australia to India to China. This parenting partner had their hand in 70% of the babies born last year. It is where modern mothers turn for information and support.
BabyCenter is the world's partner in parenting, providing moms everywhere with trusted advice from hundreds of experts around the globe, friendship with other moms like them, and support that's remarkably right at every stage of their child's development. They are also linked to the world's most prominent brands and institutions in order to provide women today with life-stage marketing solutions and today's engaged moms. BabyCenter is a member of the Johnson & Johnson family of companies so many women tend to trust them more than ever!
You may just change your mind about Millennial Moms once you check out this report. See it at http://www.babycentersolutions.com.


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The biology was great, but the chemistry was better.
That's what Josh Pastner says about the 1997 National Championship University of Arizona basketball team.
Those Wildcats of Coach Lute Olson will gather for their ten-year reunion as part of the Lute Olson All-Star Classic, Aug. 17-19.
A dinner on Saturday, Aug. 18, honoring the national champs will be held in the grand ballroom of the Westin La Paloma Resort & Spa, 3800 East Sunrise Drive in Tucsonm. Tickets, at $175 per person and $2,000 for a reserved table for 10, are available by calling 520-621-7491.
Pastner was a freshman guard out of Kingwood, Texas, in 1996-97.
One of the most popular Wildcats ever, Josh remains a very important part of the Lute Olson program as assistant coach. He is now the senior partner in terms of seniority, on Olson's coaching staff.
He was also the team leader in the classroom: Josh graduated in 2 1/2 years.
"We were a young team that just happened to come together at the right time," Pastner said of the
1996-97 Wildcats, one of the great Cinderella stories in NCAA history.
The Cats finished fifth in the Pacific-10 Conference that year and lost their final two games of the regular season, to Stanford and California in the Bay Area. Some critics wondered if Olson's team would even get an invitation to the NCAA Tournament.
So what did the Cats do? They won it all.
"The chemistry was off-the-charts great at the perfect time,"
Pastner said. "We all believed we could win it from Day 1 of school."
Pastner's playing time was limited, but he was always encouraging and supporting his teammates. He also helped them with such crucial parts of their game as shooting. If anyone was ever destined to be a coach, it was Josh.
"We finished fifth in the Pac-10, yes," he said, "but it was a very tough league.
"When you have players like we had, with a Hall of Famer coaching them, then the only way to believe is that we were going to win it all."
Josh said what he remembers most from the national championship overtime victory against Kentucky was, "One year earlier, I was in my living room watching Kentucky play in the championship game. A year later, here I am sitting on the sidelines watching us play Kentucky for the National Championship!"
Pastner said he is "really pumped up to see the guys again."
"We had such a close-knit group," he said. "That really was a special team and they are all lifelong friends. For us to get together is pretty darn neat.
"And you know what? I think Coach Olson might allow Bennett Davison to mess up his hair again, just for old time's sake."


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Drownings prompt outreach on rip currents
Published: Tuesday, August 6, 2013 at 2:00 p.m.
Last Modified: Tuesday, August 6, 2013 at 2:10 p.m.
Sunset Beach | Sunset Beach leaders at a special meeting Monday decided to place brochures and signs detailing the risks of rip currents in various locations around the town, part of an overall effort to increase beach safety following two drownings in July.
"We already have signs up that say, 'Swim at your own risk, no lifeguard on duty,'" said Donna Rogers, the town's finance director and acting administrator. "We are planning to order more of the rip current signs and post them at each walkway, beachside and roadside."
The brochures, published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, will be placed in plastic stands on the beach and distributed to area businesses, Rogers said. "That way, even people that are coming for the day and stop by the store to get a bottle of water will see the pamphlets."
Though town leaders agreed on the matter, the measure won't be finalized until the Brunswick Beaches Consortium meets with the county commissioners, most likely later this month.
- Kate Elizabeth Queram
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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AAR Mini-Polls: Top Tens
Top Ten Frontier/Western Historical Romance Titles
October 5, 2007
Western romances were once a staple of the romance genre. Today, though, very few are published. Will the current interest in the Western film (3:10 to Yuma and The Assassination of Jesse James) Jesse James create renewed interest in the American West (and, for the purposes of this poll, the Canadian and Australian frontiers) as far as romance novels are concerned? That's hard to say, although an article in a recent issue of Time magazine points out that the American West has sparked the imagination of movie-goers outside the U.S. for a long time. Inside the U.S., where movies - and romances - are concerned, it's another story. The results of this poll only drive home this fact as only one title in your top ten was "recently published".
Linda Howard's The Touch of Fire placed first and was originally published in 1992. This is by far one of Howard's least well-known romances, and when we polled readers last year for their favorite 12 books by the author, this title didn't make the cut.
For most of the polling period, Only His, by Elizabeth Lowell, was your top choice. At the very end it was nudged out of first place to land firmly in the second slot. Howard's book earned a grade of B at AAR while Lowell's earned DIK status. Only Mine, another in Lowell's western series set in the years following the Civil War, came in 16th in this poll.
Pamela Clare's 2005 release, Ride the Fire, earned a B at AAR. Technically a Colonial Romance, it remains a Frontier Romance by virtue of the fact that the story takes place in Colorado in the middle of the 18th century. The book caused quite a stir when it was released due to some very graphic opening scenes and the belief that stereotypes were being exploited. This didn't crush the enthusiasm of those who read and loved this fresh take on the western romance. Given that Clare followed up her success with another Colonial Romance in 2006, it is perhaps surprising that Surrender didn't make your top ten - it did land in the 15th slot - but perhaps its setting, in Colonial New York, explains that. (But then again, perhaps not. Ride the Fire beat out A Breath of Snow and Ashes by a full 25% of votes, but in the annual reader poll for the year when both books were released, the continuing saga of Jamie and Claire was a stand-alone winner. Technically Gabaldon's book was neither a Frontier/Western Historical nor a Romance; the book is historical fiction set in 1770s North Carolina.)
Annie's Song by Catherine Anderson was published in 1996 and garnered an honorable mention in our first annual reader poll for Most Hanky Read. The book tells the story of a young woman believed to be an idiot - in actuality she was deaf - who was raped and then married off to the brother of her rapist. This is a wonderful story about the power of love and it's healing effects on all those around it.
Diana Gabaldon's A Breath of Snow and Ashes came in fifth place, and as previously mentioned, won as Best American/Frontier Historical in our annual reader poll. Those who have followed the lives of Jamie and Claire were very happy with this work of historical fiction, which received DIK status at AAR.
Prince Charming by Julie Garwood came out in 1995 and pre-dates our annual polls. This was the first Garwood not to have been set in England or Scotland - or during the Medieval or Regency periods. For many readers, this book's release signaled a major and unwanted change for the author, although obviously the book has its fans.
Katherine Sutcliffe's Dream Fever placed seventh, and very few points separated it from Snow and Ashes and Prince Charming. The book is set in the New Zealand frontier and its DIK review was written by author Adele Ashworth, prior to her first being published.
The Outsider by Penelope Williamson was published in 1997. The story, set in late 1800s Montana, placed eighth in our poll and earned a grade of B+.
Diana Gabaldon's Drums of Autumn, a time travel romance set, in part, in 1760s North Carolina, was published in the same year as Williamson's book. While this 1997 release earned DIK status and won Best "Other" Romance and earned an honorable mention for Best Couple, it also had the dubious distinction of tying with a Kathleen Woodiwiss' Petals on the River for Most Disappointing Read in our annual reader poll.
Texas Destiny, published by Lorraine Heath in 1997, earned DIK status at AAR. It also won honorable mention for Best American/Frontier Historical, as did Maggie Osborne's The Promise of Jenny Jones. The winner that year was Wild At Heart by Patricia Gaffney, which received no votes in this poll. When we polled last year for Heath's top twelve romances, Texas Destiny came in first.
The Best of the Rest:
11. The Promise of Jenny Jones, Maggie Osborne
12. Always to Remember, Lorainne Heath
13. Hummingbird, Lavyrle Spencer
14. Texas Glory, Lorraine Heath
15. Surrender, Pamela Clare
16. Only Mine, Elizabeth Lowell
17. Sweet Lullaby, Lorainne Heath
18. The Endearment, LaVyrle Spencer
19. Ashes in the Wind, Kathleen Woodiwiss
20. Joe's Wife, Cheryl St. John
Even when expanded to include an additional ten titles, nearly all of your favorite Western/Frontier Historicals were published in the 1990s. Equally surprising is that Maggie Osborne, who has done very well throughout the years in our annual reader poll, didn't have a single book crack the top ten. Heath, whom many readers wish had never moved on to write European Historicals, ends up with four titles in the top twenty. Elizabeth Lowell and Pamela Clare have two.
We invite you to consider these questions and post about these poll results:
Lee Brewer, LinnieGayl, and Cindy Smith


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Watch James Flanigan, author and journalist, talking about the three things he'd do to reform California.
View all the videos on the Milken Institute's "Restoring California's Promise".
Flanigan spoke to the Milken Institute for its "Restoring California's Promise," available at www.milkeninstitute.org/californiaspromise/. The video is included here as part of the Register's California Project, a multimedia presentation exploring the state's many problems and an attempt to seek solutions.
We would love to hear from you! Please submit your own video at ocregister.com/video/submit


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Island Detail | Island Public Assemby Map | All Islands Map | Get Directions To Here
Go to the event details for:
The Gardens of LACMA
(part of Fallen Fruit Presents EATLACMA)
Islands of LA has focused on the temporary use of traffic islands as a vehicle to consider the city as well as examine and engage with public space for gathering (peaceable assembly), speech and questions of individual agency. In the end of 2008, the law firm Munger, Tolles and Olson, which was providing Islands of LA with pro-bono legal advice, concluded that pedestrian accessible traffic islands are most likely traditional public fora and protected under the public forum doctrine for assembly and free speech (see Island Law). Since then the emphasis of Islands of LA has been on legal, temporary activities, which don't require fees or permits, that can be done on these shrinky-dink piazzas.
In early 2008, in a collaboration with Fallen Fruit called Love Apples, Islands of LA began experimenting with the possibility of legally cultivating the unused portion of traffic islands with tomato plants without additional fees or permits as an exercise of what is the city and who creates it. The project reached a critical point when the City of Los Angeles, which had removed some of the plants, agreed to replant them together with Islands of LA and Fallen Fruit after a meeting at the Department of Public Works (DPW). Love Apples culminated with SALSA SALSA, a harvest festival for the citizens of Los Angeles where the public was invited to make and taste tomato salsas while listening and dancing to salsa music to celebrate public space.
In late 2009, Fallen Fruit invited Islands of LA to participate in the Gardens of LACMA (part of Fallen Fruit presents EATLACMA, curated exhibition 2010) and collaborate on a second chapter of Love Apples by planting tomato plants on traffic islands adjacent to LACMA. While this would require permission from the city, Islands of LA pursued the collaboration as an opportunity to expand the dialogue with the city and explore the limits of possibilities for the semi-permanent use of a traffic island to grow edibles.
In January 2010, Islands of LA met with the DPW to discuss doing a second version of Love Apples for The Gardens of LACMA. The DPW claimed tomatoes were an attractive nuisance and suggested planting root vegetables or leafy greens. Fallen Fruit invited Islands of LA to collaborate with another group and continue with the attempt as part of the exhibition.
Seeds are Sown for the Roots of Compromise
Beginning in late January, Islands of LA invited several artists (Karen Atkinson, John Burtle and Owen Driggs) to collaborate on the possibility of planting roots vegetables on the traffic island. After an initial attempt to frame a project around democracy, we settled on the title Roots of Compromise, focusing on compromise and the institutional process for planting a radish garden on a traffic island. Working together, we enacted the possibility of planting the traffic island at Curson and Wilshire Blvd, in walking distance from LACMA, with a radish garden. This involved meetings with LACMA, councilmember Tom LeBonge's office, a neighborhood assessment group that maintains various parkways and traffic islands in the area, and communication with the Bureau of Street Services, part of the Los Angeles Department of Public Works.
In late June it became clear that, for Islands of LA, planting would not be possible because of insurance issues. Roots of Compromise also had concerns. As a result, we created a constructive response in the form of a distributed garden, a mobile traffic island maquette and related content including a forthcoming website and the radish island image. Additionally, the questions and issues of compromise and public produce that have surfaced through this experience and related research have opened an exciting landscape of inquiry. Roots of Compromise plans to extend its exploration and investigation into these areas becoming a standalone project, since these questions are beyond the context of Islands of LA's focus. Islands of LA and Roots of Compromise will continue working together in relation to attempts to plant the radish garden and for questions of public space and the city in connection to traffic islands. Join us on June 27th from 5-8pm as Islands of LA presents Roots of Compromise, one of several artist garden projects for The Gardens of LACMA (event details).
To follow the continuing story of legal public planting and the distributed garden, including radish recipes and rad(ish) tales, visit Roots of Compromise.
Interpreting the landscape and history of planting on a traffic island based on experiences with Love Apples and Roots of Compromise, Islands of LA concludes that there are, in general, three potential routes to pursue the legal and sustainable cultivation of root vegetables on pedestrian accessible traffic islands:
- Bureau of Engineering (BOE): obtain a permit for temporary use, which requires architectural drawings, insurance and various other elements.
- Adopt-A-Median program (Office of Community Beautification): this would avoid the costly and nuanced permit process and insurance would be covered through the city but it is unknown if this route is viable since the adopt-a-median program has always been for beautification and not for cultivation. Islands of LA is currently investigating this option.
- Land lease: negotiate with the city for a short term lease of a suitable traffic island, analogous to Los Angeles Community Gardens' approach. This has never been done with the Bureau of Street Services, the division of the Department of Public Works that oversees traffic islands, and they have indicated they are unlikely to consider this option.
- Local Assessment District (AD): some traffic islands are maintained by local groups that have contracted with the city and set up and AD. This involves paying additional fees and working with the city and a landscape contractor for the beautification and maintenance of the island and parkways under contract. This route, which is what we attempted to pursue, first requires the approval of the local AD. Additionally, the city and, most likely the AD, will require individuals in charge of the project to purchase general liability insurance in excess of $1million and indemnify the city and the AD for the duration of the time the planting is on the space, covering all contingencies.
Based on these experiences since 2008, Islands of LA believes a traffic island would need to be sufficiently large, pedestrian accessible and have the soil recurringly amended or tested for it to be a suitable location to cultivate food. Testing of produce is also required to determine if there are any safety issues. This testing would need to take into account the widely varying degrees of contact with vehicular exhaust on traffic islands but certainly there are some islands due to size and/or location where exhaust is unlikely to be an issue. Additionally, there is the likelihood that individual participants would need to consider island insurance issues, or work through the adopt-a-median program or find another alternative. For example, a community in South Los Angeles is working on a large Vermont median project with initial proposals including a community garden. In this respect, it raises the question of why try to plant on a traffic island as opposed to other urban land? Islands of LA believes there are three reasons.
First, it enacts a process that experiments with the question of what is the city and who creates it and, moreover, explores the impact that this has on the unique urban and legal context of traffic islands. Second, because traffic islands are pockets of underutilized land available throughout many cities, which may have some use for small scale, local gardening of edibles. Third, because it would make these overlooked spaces more utilized by constituents of a city. But, this socio-agricultural approach needs to considered in relation to the urban, political and socio-legal context of traffic islands as unique spaces for gathering and peaceable assembly, without fees or permits, at anytime as well as spaces with varying histories and usages. To this extent, Islands of LA believes that traffic islands which have limited capacity for gathering and speech or where the cultivation would either support or, at minimum, not constrict this remarkably absurd yet historically and globally significant context of traffic islands should be pursued.
The process of negotiation with the various institutions has, therefore, reaffirmed Islands of LA's focus on (1) examining and archiving traffic island usage from a variety of perspectives such as law, urbanism and culture, to understand their context in the built-environment world-wide and what this says about about space, citizens and the city; and (2) investigating and engaging in the legal use of pedestrian accessible traffic islands for temporary activities such as peaceable assembly that utilize these specks of city in a sea of urbanization given their unique urban and legal context.
In the future, Islands of LA will continue to consider and support semi-permanent or permanent projects on traffic islands to the extent that they enable the rich and complex context of the traffic island as shrinky-dink piazzas or fragments of publicly owned land that can foster meaningful discussion and interaction in public beyond the typical usage of public space for transportation, recreation and shopping.
Join the celebrations for The Gardens of LACMA
(part of Fallen Fruit Presents EATLACMA, curated exhibition 2010)
Joins us from 5-8 for a guerrilla-style picnic near LACMA's amphitheater to celebrate and meet new friends. BYOP (picnic) or you can purchase food in the cafe. Picnic blankets and acoustic musical instruments are welcome for the after-picnic in the park. Don't forget to check out the various artist gardens including Roots of Compromise. This is all part of EATLACMA, a year-long investigation into food, art, culture and politics by Fallen Fruit.
Fallen Fruit Presents EATLACMA is a year-long investigation into food, art, culture and politics. The exhibition, The Fruit of LACMA, draws on the museum's permanent collection in several media (painting, photography, and decorative arts) to examine the haunting persistence of fruit in art. It examines the symbolic and sociological aspects of fruit in art, from religious symbolism to embedded social messages. Included is a LACMA-commissioned piece from Fallen Fruit, a wall paper print of public fruit harvested on one day in Silver Lake, an index of place and time, serving as a way to think about what grows, what's eaten, and what goes to waste. The website for EATLACMA is participatory and integrated into the overall project, collecting videos, tweets, artist's blogs and images. The Gardens of LACMA are six artist-designed gardens that push the boundaries of how a garden might function or appear: all of them break beyond questions of production and aesthetics to ask if a garden might serve as a forum for ideas, a container for contested meanings
Events & Stories at this Location
- Rad(ish) Island Tour, part of Let Them Eat LACMA curated by Fallen Fruit
- ID found during island clean up returned to owner
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Each month the beauty examiner is going to feature two fragrances: One for the ladies, one for the guys. Check back monthly for fragrance updates to find the one that best fits your fragrance personality.
This month's fragrances are two unique options that will set make you spring ready.
With warmer weather comes shorter hems and fresher fragrances. Asian Tales by Kilian in Imperial Tea ($235) is a sweet, light scent. Evoking a cup of refreshing tea, the fragrance is a mix of Jasmin Tea, Jasmin Sambac, Tea Accord, and White Musk. These blend to This exquisite fragrance will tickle your nose and set you apart from typical sugary scents. This one is sweet, but not diabetic.
Keep your dude cool and intriguing with Tom Ford's Grey Vetiver ($90). It is a masculine cologne that is based around veiver and has notes of grapefruit, sage, orange flower, nutmeg, pimento, and amber wood to balance the scent. This men's cologne brings spring to the table without sacrificing the manliness. It is strong and fresh.


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Tiger 13 Prepare To Compete At US Swimming Olympic Trials
Several swimmers from both the men's and women's swimming and diving teams have now turned their focus towards the Olympic Trials after earning qualifying times during national competitions this past year.
On the women's side, sophomore Lisa Boyce, who won three Ivy League individual titles this past year and qualified for NCAAs, earned Olympics Trials cuts in the 100 free and the 100 back. Freshman Courtney Ciardiello earned them in the 100 fly and 200 back. Recent graduate and 2011 Ivy League Championship Swimmer of the Meet Megan Waters also earned a cut in the 50 free.
Senior Meredith Monroe, a former All-America and Ivy League individual champion, has also qualified in the 200 back.
On the men's side, eight swimmers qualified for a total of 11 events; leading the way is senior tri-captain Colin Cordes, who qualified in the 100 free, 200 free and 200 back. Junior Will Lawley qualified in the 200 and 400 free, while sophomore Paul Nolle qualified in the 1500 free. Fellow sophomore Eric Materniak earned his qualifying time in the 200 breast.
A quartet of freshmen also joined this list. Oliver Bennett qualified in the 200 fly, while Conner Maher qualified in the 200 IM. Caleb Tuten qualified in the 400 IM, and Harrison Wagner made it in the 50 free.
The eight who qualified last summer will join sophomore Daniel Hasler, who achieved his qualifying time the previous summer in the 200 breast, and who added qualifying times in both the 200 and 400 IM.


text:
Feb. 6, 2012
Complete Release as a PDF File
Date: Thursday, Feb. 9, 2012
Time: 7 p.m. MST
Location: Olson Court, McKale Center (14,538), Tucson, Ariz.
Radio: IMG College/Wildcat Radio Network (Brian Jeffries/Matt Muehlebach) [Sirius: 128]
TV: ESPN (Jon Sciambi/Fran Fraschilla)
GAME DATA: Arizona (16-8, 7-4 Pac-12) opens a weekend homestand Thursday against Colorado (16-7, 8-3 Pac-12) in McKale Center ... The Wildcats and Buffaloes currently rank 1-2 in the Pac-12 Conference in both field goal percentage defense and three-point field goal percentage defense, so it no wonder the clubs combined to shoot 37.6 percent in this season's first meeting on Jan. 21 ... In Thursday conference games at home, Arizona averages 83.0 points per game, boasts a +16.0 scoring margin and shoots 49.1 percent (54-of-110) from the field.
THE RANKINGS: UA remains unranked in the Associated Press and ESPN/USA Today Coaches' polls this week.
ARIZONA HEAD COACH Sean Miller . . . is in his third season at the University of Arizona and his eighth overall as a college head coach with a record of 182-78 (.700) and 62-31 (.667) at Arizona ... He guided UA to 30 wins and the 2011 Pac-10 regular season championship in a run that culminated in the NCAA Tournament's Elite Eight ... He was named Pac-10 Conference and NABC District 20 Coach of the Year ... Appointed April 7, 2009, Miller came to Tucson after five successful years at Xavier University, where he amassed four 20-win seasons and four NCAA Tournament appearances ... His clubs won the three Atlantic 10 regular season championships (2007-09) and the 2006 Atlantic 10 postseason tournament title ... During his time at XU, the Musketeers won better than 71 percent of their conference games, including an .813 winning percentage (39-9) in his last three seasons ... Miller has made 15 trips to the postseason in his 18 seasons as a head, assistant or associate head coach (9 NCAA/6 NIT) and has an 9-5 (.643) NCAA Tournament record as a head coach ... He took two Xavier teams to the NCAA Tournament's Sweet 16 (2008, 2009) with his 2008 club advancing to the West Regional final ... His 2007-08 team set a Xavier record for wins in a season with 30, helping him claim Atlantic 10 and NABC District 10 Coach-of-the-Year honors ... Since becoming a head coach, 17 of 18 players to complete eligibility under Miller have earned their degrees ... A standout guard for the University of Pittsburgh (1987-92), Miller was the Big East Freshman of the Year in 1988, won a gold medal on the 1991 U.S. World University Games team ... He is assisted by James Whitford, Emanuel Richardson and Joe Pasternack ... Miller is 1-1 vs. Colorado as a head coach.
LAST TIME OUT: A 12-2 Arizona run over 4:29 of the second half broke open a tight game and gave the Cats a 56-43 win Saturday at Stanford and its first road sweep of the season. Arizona limited Stanford to 25.4 percent shooting for the game, including 22.6 percent in the second half, and outrebounded the Cardinal, 43-40. Keyed by the run, UA made seven of its last eight shots from the field, while Stanford connected on just two of its last 13 attempts. Kyle Fogg led all scorers with 14 points, while Josiah Turner and Nick Johnson combined for 14 rebounds.
SCOUTING COLORADO: The Buffaloes enters tonight's game with a 16-7 record (8-3 Pac-12) following Saturday's 72-71 win over Oregon. On the year, Colorado averages 70.2 points, shoots 45.6 percent from the floor (544-of-1,192), 36.6 percent (141-of-385) from three-point range and 70.6 percent (385-of-545) from the line. Opponents average 62.6 points, are outrebounded by 5.9 boards per game and shoot 39.8 percent from the floor (514-of-1,293). Individually, four Colorado players average in double figures, led by Carlon Brown's 12.9 ppg average. Andre Roberson leads the Buffaloes with an 11.2 rebounds per game average.
THE SERIES: Tonight's game is the 15th meeting of the two schools with Colorado holding a 9-5 series advantage. Arizona has won three of the last four meetings in the series, which dates back to Dec. 2, 1960, but Colorado won the last, 64-63, in Boulder on Jan. 21. Ten of the previous 14 meetings came in the 1960s. All-time, Arizona is 3-3 in series games played in Tucson, 1-6 in Boulder, and 1-0 in neutral-site games. For more series information, please see page 47 in the UA media guide.
LAST MEETING: Colorado 64, Arizona 63, Jan. 21, 2012: In a tightly contested game that featured 10 ties and 10 lead changes, Arizona did just about everything it could to win except to make shots. UA outrebounded Colorado, 44-35, including an 18-9 edge offensively, and got to the free throw line 30 times, but could not overcome 34.5 percent shooting, a figure that included 3-of-20 shooting from three-point range. UA rallied from a five-point deficit with 3:52 to go but could not convert a game-winner on the final possession.
PLAYER OF THE WEEK: Kyle Fogg earned Pac-12 Conference Player-of-the-Week honors after leading Arizona to a sweep in two road games last week by averaging 18.5 points, 3.5 rebounds and 4.0 assists. The senior guard connected on 47.8 percent of his field goals (11-of-23), a sizzling 61.5 percent (8-of-13) of his three-point attempts and 87.5 percent (7-of-8) of his free throws to go with two blocks and three steals. He opened the week with a season-high 23 points, three boards and four assists Thursday at California and added 14 points (3-of-7 3-pt. FG), four rebounds and four assists to go with 5-of-6 shooting from the free throw line Saturday at Stanford. Fogg was equally as good on the defensive side of the ball, as his primary defensive assignment in each game shot a combined 8-of-28 (.286) from the field against him, helping UA post its first road sweep of the season against a pair of teams that entered play vs. Arizona with a combined record of 26-1 at home this year. On the season, Fogg averages 12.5 points, 2.8 rebounds and 2.4 assists per game. It was the first time in his career that Fogg has earned P.O.W. kudos.
DEFENSE NEVER RESTS: Credit Arizona's defense with a win in Saturday's game, as the Wildcats limited Stanford to 25.4 percent shooting (16-of-63) for the game, including just 22.6 percent shooting (7-of-31) in the second half. UA forced Stanford to miss 12 of its last 14 shots in the game and outscored the Cardinal 21-6 over the game's final nine minutes. Not only was it the lowest opposing field goal percentage of the season, but it was the lowest such figure since Dec. 2, 2000, when Arizona limited Saint Mary's to just 25.0 percent shooting (15-of-60) in a 101-41 UA win. The effort Saturday helped drop UA's overall field goal percentage defense figure to 39.8 percent (540-of-1,358) through 24 games, a figure that ranks 40th nationally.
CLAMPING DOWN: As has been the case for much of the Sean Miller era, Arizona continues to be an excellent team in terms of three-point field goal percentage defense. In this week's Bay Area games, Arizona limited the opposition to 4-of-20 (.200) shooting from three-point range. The effort sunk the UA defensive figure to 26.7 percent (114-of-427) through 24 games. Arizona enters play this week ranked fourth nationally in three-point field goal percentage defense. In Pac-12 play, opponents are shooting 25.3 percent (41-of-162) from beyond the arc.
ALWAYS ON THE RUN: The Wildcats used a pair of well-timed runs last weekend on the way to its road sweep. Thursday in Berkeley, the Cats posted a 36-12 run over the last 10:43 of the first half to build a 45-34 lead at the break, and the Cats never trailed again. Saturday in Palo Alto, Arizona trailed 37-35 with 9:00 to go when a Josiah Turner free throw ignited a 21-6 run to close the contest. Six different Arizona players scored in the run, led by Nick Johnson's seven points.
EVERYBODY REBOUNDS: Arizona got a total team effort on the glass in Saturday's win, as the Wildcat starters combined for 33 of the team's 43 rebounds en route to a 43-40 rebound edge at Stanford. UA's freshman guards Josiah Turner and Nick Johnson each grabbed a season-high seven rebounds as the 33 caroms collected by the starters were the most by the starting five in a single game this season. On the season, Arizona is 13-4 when outrebounding the opposition and its 34 defensive boards Saturday were a season high. Through 24 games, Arizona enjoys a +2.2 rebound margin – not a bad effort for a team with a starting five who average just under 6-foot-5.
LAST LINE OF DEFENSE: Led by Angelo Chol, who collected six swats of his own, Arizona blocked 13 shots in two games last week. Not only is the 6.5 blocks per game figure nearly double that of the Cats' season-long average (3.3 bpg), but it was Arizona's highest total this season in back-to-back games. Five different players collected blocked shots this week. Chol, who averages just 11.8 minutes per game, leads Arizona with a 0.8 blocked shots per game average.
MOSTLY ON THE MARK: On the whole, Arizona did a fairly good job of shooting last week, connecting on 46-of-98 (.469) attempts from the floor, highlighted by a 54.9 percent (28-of-51) effort Thursday at California. While Saturday's 38.3 percent effort (18-of-47) at Stanford wasn't stellar, the Cats made shots when it counted, connecting on 50 percent of its field goal attempts in the second half (9-of-18), including six of its last seven attempts over the last eight minutes. To date, UA is shooting 44.5 percent (562-of-1,262) from the field and is 14-1 this year when outshooting the opposition.
SHORTER BENCH, MORE MINUTES: Arizona's depth will be tested as the Cats lost sophomore guard Jordin Mayes to a left foot injury last Thursday that will require further evaluation. Sean Miller played just seven players in Saturday's win – the fewest this season – and saw four players log more than 32 minutes of action. On the season, Arizona doesn't have a player averaging more than 31 minutes per game. Guards Josiah Turner (32) and Brendon Lavender (20) logged season highs at Stanford in terms of minutes played.
WEARING OUT A PATH: While the Cats still need to work on accuracy, the team has been able to increase its trips to the free throw line of late. In last week's games, Arizona attempted 54 free throws, nearly double that (28) of the opposition. Over its last five games, Arizona has averaged 26.6 free throws per game, 7.6 more than its foes. That recent increase is 4.4 more attempts per game than its average through 24 games (22.2). On average, Arizona attempts 3.5 more free throws per game that its opponent and scores 3.1 more points from the charity stripe.
BOOSTING PRODUCTIVITY: Senior forward Jesse Perry averaged 14.5 points and a team-leading 5.5 rebounds in a pair of games last week. The 6-foot-7 native of St. Louis, Mo., connected on 11-of-22 field goals and added a pair of assists. To date, both his 284 points (11.8 ppg) and 177 rebounds (7.7 rpg) surpass his 38-game totals from a year ago (250 pts/6.6 ppg and 169 reb./4.4 rpg). Perry leads UA regulars with a .498 (104-of-209) field goal percentage.
STEPPING UP: Freshman forward Angelo Chol enjoyed what may have been his best back-to-back games as a Wildcat by averaging 5.0 points, 2.5 rebounds and 3.0 blocked shots in the games at California and Stanford. He hit 4-of-6 attempts from the field, but it was his defensive presence in those 36 minutes played that aided the Wildcat cause. Through 24 appearances, Chol is averaging 2.4 points and 2.4 rebounds per game to go with a .605 (26-of-43) field goal percentage.
SO MUCH FOR THE MID-RANGE: While Arizona managed a 9-of-18 shooting half to close the game at Stanford, a quick look at the shot chart shows how efficient the Cats were offensively. Of Arizona's nine field goals in the period, seven were either dunks, lay-ups or scored in the paint. The other two buckets were drained from behind the arc.
RECRUITING CLASS: The Arizona coaching staff signed four student-athletes to National-Letters-of-Intent as part of the November early signing period. Brandon Ashley (F, 6-8, 215) from Oakland, Calif., who preps at Findlay Prep in Henderson, Nev.; Grant Jerrett (F, 6-10, 220) from LaVerne, Calif., who preps at LaVerne Lutheran H.S.; Kaleb Tarczewski (C, 7-0, 220) from Southborough, Mass., who preps at St. Mark's School; and Gabe York (G, 6-1, 170) from Orange, Calif., who preps at Orange Lutheran H.S.; make up a class that was ranked No. 1 nationally by espn.com and rivals.com.
UP NEXT: Once again, a quick turnaround will be of the order as Arizona next will be in action on Saturday, Feb. 11, when UA hosts Utah in McKale Center. Tip-off is scheduled for noon MST and can be seen nationally on FOX Sports Net.


text:
This page contains a text in Ancient Sanskrit with a modern English translation. This particular text and its translation are extracted from a lesson in the Early Indo-European Online series, where one may find detailed information about this text (see the Table of Contents page for Ancient Sanskrit Online in EIEOL), and general information about the Ancient Sanskrit language and its speakers' culture.
práty u adarçi âyatî´
uchántî duhitâ´ diváh
ápo máhi vyayati cáksase támo
jyótis krnoti sûnárî
úd usríyâh srjate sû´riyah sácâm
udyán náksatram arcivát
távéd uso viúsi sû´riyasya ca
sám bhakténa gamemahi
práti tvâ duhitar diva
úso jîrâ´ abhutsmahi
yâ´ váhasi purú spârhám vananvati
rátnam ná dâçúse máyah
uchántî yâ´ krnósi mamhánâ mahi
prakhyaí devi súvar drçé
tásyâs te ratnabhâ´ja îmahe vayám
syâ´ma mâtúr ná sûnávah
tác citrám râ´dha â´ bhara
úso yád dîrghaçrúttamam
yát te divo duhitar martabhójanam
tád râsva bhunájâmahai
çrávah sûríbhyo amr´tam vasutvanám
vâ´jâm asmábhyam gómatah
codayitrî´ maghónah sûnr´tâvatî
usâ´ uchad ápa srídhah
Now she has come into view, approaching,
Shining, the daughter of heaven.
She draws away, for sight, the great darkness,
The fair lady makes the light.
The sun, at the same time, sends up beams,
Rising, a flaming star.
At your own brightening, O dawn, and the sun's,
May we partake of our share.
You, O daughter of heaven,
We have wakened eager to meet, O dawn.
Who brings much that is desirable, O lovely one,
Happiness, like treasure, to the worshipper.
You who, shining, assuredly, O great goddess,
Makes the sunlight to be gazed on, seen;
We approach you with longing, may we be
Like her sons, of the mother dispensing treasure.
Bring hither that radiant favour,
O dawn, which is most famed.
That mortal sustenance of yours, O daughter of heaven,
Grant; may we turn it to account.
Fame to princes, undying prosperity,
Strength in cattle to us,
Rouser of the gracious, may the joyous one,
Dawn, shine misfortunes away.


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Gao, B; Hagenbuch, B; Kullak-Ublick, G A; Benke, D; Aguzzi, A; Meier, P J (2000). Organic anion-transporting polypeptides mediate transport of opioid peptides across blood-brain barrier. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 249(1):73-79.
Full text not available from this repository.
Organic anion-transporting polypeptides (Oatps) are a rapidly growing gene family of polyspecific membrane transporters. In rat brain, Oatp1 (gene symbol Slc21a1) and Oatp2 (Slc21a5) are localized at the apical and basolateral domains, respectively, of the choroid plexus epithelium. Furthermore, Oatp2 is strongly expressed at the rat blood-brain barrier (BBB). This study localizes the human OATP (now called OATP-A; SLC21A3) at the BBB in humans. Furthermore, with the Xenopus laevis oocyte system the delta-opioid receptor agonists [D-penicillamine(2,5)]enkephalin (DPDPE) and deltorphin II were identified as new transport substrates of OATP-A. This OATP-A-mediated DPDPE and deltorphin II transport exhibited apparent K(m) values of approximately 202 and 330 microM, respectively, and OATP-A-mediated deltorphin II transport was inhibited by the mu-opioid receptor agonist Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-N-methyl-Phe-glycinol, the endogenous peptide Leu-enkephalin, and the opiate antagonists naloxone and naltrindole. DPDPE also was transported by rat Oatp1 (K(m) approximately 48 microM) and Oatp2 (K(m) approximately 19 microM), whereas deltorphin II was only transported by Oatp1 (K(m) approximately 137 microM). These results demonstrate that OATP-A can mediate transport of the analgesic opioid peptides DPDPE and deltorphin II across the human BBB. Furthermore, because rat Oatp1 and Oatp2 exhibit similar but not identical transport activities as OATP-A, the results generally indicate that members of the Oatp/OATP gene family of membrane transporters play an important role in carrier-mediated transport of opioid peptides across the BBB and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier of the mammalian brain.
230 citations in Web of Science®
261 citations in Scopus®
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Additional indexing
|Item Type:
|Journal Article, refereed
|Communities & Collections:
|04 Faculty of Medicine > University Hospital Zurich > Institute of Neuropathology
|Dewey Decimal Classification:
|570 Life sciences; biology
610 Medicine & health
|1 July 2000
|Deposited On:
|11 Feb 2008 12:26
|Last Modified:
|05 Apr 2016 12:21
|American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
|Free access at:
|Publisher DOI. An embargo period may apply.
|Related URLs:
|PubMed ID:
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Melodie Pooler and her family have witnessed firsthand one horrible day for the Riley County Police Department — and she believes more training and preparedness might have avoided some of the bitterness she feels.
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