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What is the simplest/cleanest way to implement singleton pattern in JavaScript?
I think the easiest way is to declare a simple object literal:
If you want private members on your singleton instance, you can do something like this:
This is has been called the module pattern, it basically allows you to encapsulate private members on an object, by taking advantage of the use of closures.
I think the cleanest approach is something like:
Afterwards, you can invoke the function as
I'm not sure I agree with the module pattern being used as a replacement for a singleton pattern. I've often seen singletons used and abused in places where they're wholly unnecessary, and I'm sure the module pattern fills many gaps where programmers would otherwise use a singleton, however the module pattern is not a singleton.
module pattern:
Everything initialized in the module pattern happens when
singleton pattern:short form
long form, using module pattern
In both versions of the Singleton pattern that I've provided, the constructor itself can be used as the accessor:
If you don't feel comfortable using the constructor this way, you can throw an error in the
I should also mention that the singleton pattern fits well with the implicit constructor function pattern:
There is more than one ways to skin a cat :) Depending on your taste or specific need you can apply any of the proposed solutions. I personally go for CMS' first solution whenever possible (when you don't need privacy). Since the question was about the simplest and cleanest, that's the winner. Or even:
This (quote from my blog) ...
doesn't make much sense (my blog example doesn't either) because it doesn't need any private vars, so it's pretty much the same as:
I deprecate my answer, see my other one.
Usually module pattern (see CMS' answer) which is NOT singleton pattern is good enough. However one of the features of singleton is that its initialization is delayed till object is needed. Module pattern lacks this feature.
My proposition (CoffeeScript):
Which compiled to this in JavaScript:
Then I can do following:
Short answer:
Because non-blocking nature of JavaScript, Singletons in JavaScript are really ugly in use. Global variables will give you one instance through whole application too without all these callbacks, module pattern gently hides internals behind the interface. See @CMS answer.
But, since you wanted a singleton…
Singletons give you more than just one instance through whole application: their initialization is delayed till first use. This is really big thing when you deal with objects whose initialization is expensive. Expensive usually means I/O and in JavaScript I/O always mean callbacks.
Don't trust answers which give you interface like
If they don't take callback to be run when instance is ready, then they won't work when initializer does I/O.
Yeah, callbacks always look uglier than function call which immediately returns object instance. But again: when you do I/O, callbacks are obligatory. If you don't want to do any I/O, then instantiation is cheap enough to do it at program start.
Example 1, cheap initializer:
Example 2, initialization with I/O:
In this example
I got this example from JavaScript Patterns Build Better Applications with Coding and Design Patterns By Stoyan Stefanov's book in case you need some simple implementation class like singltone object you can use immediate function as following:
And you can check this example by following test case:
This approaches passes all test cases while private static implementation will fail when prototype extension is used (it can be fixed but it will not be simple) and public static implementation less advisable due to instance is exposed to the public.
@CMS and @zzzzBov have both given wonderful answers, but just to add my own interpretation based on my having moved into heavy node.js development from PHP/Zend Framework where singleton patterns were common.
The following, comment-documented code is based on the following requirements:
My code is very similar to @zzzzBov's except I've added a prototype chain to the constructor and more comments that should help those coming from PHP or a similar language translate traditional OOP to Javascripts prototypical nature. It may not be the "simplest" but I believe it is the most proper.
Note that technically, the self-executing anonymous function is itself a Singleton as demonstrated nicely in the code provided by @CMS. The only catch here is that it is not possible to modify the prototype chain of the constructor when the constructor itself is anonymous.
Keep in mind that to Javascript, the concepts of "public" and "private" do not apply as they do in PHP or Java. But we have achieved the same effect by leveraging Javascript's rules of functional scope availability.
Not sure why nobody brought this up, but you could just do:
I think I have found the cleanest way to program in JavaScript, but you'll need some imagination. I got this idea from a working technique in the book "javascript the good parts".
Instead of using the new keyword, you could create a class like this:
You can instantiate the above object by saying:
Now with this work method in mind you could create a singleton like this:
Now you can get your instance by calling
I think this is the neatest way as the complete "Class" is not even accessible.
I needed several singletons with:
and so this was what I came up with:
What's wrong with this?
Hi my two cents is part of Module pattern: But with a little "more readable style". You can see easy which methods are publics and which are privates
now you can use publics methods like
module.method2(); //-> I'm calling a private method over a public method alert("hi im a private method")
How about this way, just insure the class can not new again.
By this, you can use the
If you don't want to expose the
following is the snippet from my walk through to implement a singleton pattern. This occurred to me during an interview process and I felt that I should capture this somewhere.
the same can be found on my gist page
I like to use a combination of the Singleton with the module pattern, init-time branching with a Global NS check, wrapped within a closure. In a case where the environment isn't going to change after the initialization of the singleton; the use of an immediately invoked object-literal to return a module full of utilities that will persist for some duration should be fine. I'm not passing any dependencies, just invoking the singletons within their own little world - the only goal being to: create a utilities module for event binding / unbinding (device orientation / orientation changes could also work in this case).
Isn't this a singleton too?
can I put my 5 coins. I have a constructor function, ex.
What I need to do is just every object created by this CF will be same.
You did not say "in the browser". Otherwise, you can use NodeJS modules. These are the same for each
Note that you cannot access
While this does not work in the browser, it is simple and clean.
protected by Robert Harvey♦ Jan 11 '12 at 18:04
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There's plenty of holiday stuff going on this weekend, like the Christkindlmarkt at This is the Place Heritage Park (check out our post on the event), but we're taking a break from that and plugging a visit to the museum.
This Saturday, at the Natural History Museum of Utah's Naturalist Lab, you can bring the kids to get up close and personal with some of Utah's creepier animals. Experts will be showing off a North American bullfrog, Great Basin gopher snake, Great Basin Spadefoot (toads) and Utah salamanders. Learn about the ecosystem and how these creatures contribute to it.
Utah's Animals events are held twice every month on the first and third Saturday from 2–3 p.m., and it's included with the price of admission. The museum is located at 301 Wakara Way, SLC.

subset: commoncrawl


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Who'd a thunk it? Genuine, card-carrying, dedicated communists on board with Obama's "Organizing For America" campaign and OWS. The OWS mob is a mix of every radical anti-American hate group known to exist and MFM would have us believe that their movement is, more or less, the same sort of movement as the Tea Party movement. That will be a hard sell to any reasonably intelligent, well-informed person with more than 2 active brain cells. It's truly amazing to see the O-regime, the dimocrats and the MFM double down on OWS and all of it's anti-American elements. I grew up in the duck and cover days of the Cold War. I was drafted and sent to Southeast Asia as part of a war against communist aggression. And now the President of the United States embraces a movement comprised of communists and Nazis and those vile entities are in full support of him. Unbelievable!
Read the whole article here. Hat tip Big Government.


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5 comments
She isn`t part of my gang, i would Know
March 1st
so funny
Jan 17th
LKF I remember this!lol
Jan 16th
Jan 16th
You would only get this if you've seen the new Alice in Wonderland movie and paid attention to the white queen's first line.
Jan 16th


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Tuesday and Thursday Night Table Mountain Race Series
Submitted by David on
I was looking at the ACA forum and I saw the following question being asked:
Does anyone know if the Tuesday/Thursday Night Race series on the top of Table Mountain will happen this year?
The answer by the ACA was:
Unless you hear otherwise, I would plan on both the Table Mtn Series and Boulder TT Series happening this year. They are very low key events both in race day and planning. Hence, nothing official has been submitted to ACA. Keep your eyes peeled for information to appear on them in the coming months.
This is really exciting news to an already great calendar of racing.


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Taylor Swift Debuts New Short Hair — See PICS and Watch Her Haircut VIDEO Here!
Truth rating: 10
Taylor Swift said goodbye to her long locks on Tuesday.
And she had an audience while doing it.
While backstage on her RED tour in London, the singer filmed herself getting a haircut in front of dozens of onlookers.
She officially debuted her new look on stage later that night.
Check out the photos and videos below!
MORE PICS – Taylor's Glamour Spread – SEE PICS!
Follow @GossipCop on Twitter!
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Fans of "Army Wives" were quite sad to hear that Lifetime's long running show would not be coming back for another season. However, according to an announcement on TV Line on Feb. 12, there will be a final farewell episode that now has a title and a date. It is set to air next month as a final goodbye.
"Army Wives: A Final Salute" will be all about saying goodbye to the men and women who have brought love and friendship for seven years. It will feature interviews with the actors that brought the characters alive. The best part is that Kim Delaney is set to appear on the show. Her beloved character of Claudia Joy Holden was killed off last season, which seemed to set the tone for the episodes that followed. Joining the actress will be Brain McNamara, Sally Pressman, Brigid Brannagh, Sterling K. Brown, Wendy Davis, Terry Serpico, Drew Fuller and Jeremy Davidson.
If you haven't noticed, Catherine Bell, who is the only original army wife that was still left on the show, is not listed. Since there is no mention of her, you have to wonder what is up with that. However, it will be a fun time hearing what the others have to say about working on the show together for so long and the lifelong friendships formed.
Also included on this reunion show will be executive producer Jeff Melvoin and "Army Wives" author Tanya Biank, who will be sharing some thoughts on working with the show, and real life military wives will be interviewed as well.
Even though it is sad that this beloved Lifetime series will no longer be on air, it will be fun to have the actors and actresses that gave us seven years of love and drama give their devoted fans one last salute.
The final farewell will be shown on Sunday, March 16, at 9 p.m. EST on Lifetime.
What was your favorite episode of "Army Wives?"


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Oct 15, 2013 9:10 AM
The market is flooded with millions of parenting guides from every imaginable angle... isn't it time for at least one guide to how children should treat their parents? Doreen Cronin and Laura Cornell's M.O.M. (Mom Operating Manual) ($7) promotes an appreciation for motherhood amongst the people who need it most - children!
If you've got a product or service that you'd like to promote on Outblush, click here to find out about our advertising opportunities.
Outblush is a blog for girls who love to shop. Our staff digs up the best clothes, home stuff, beauty items, and more. New items are posted every day — bookmark us and check out:


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WSD Blog is a popular weblog that provides technology news, reviews and analysis, covering web apps, web technology trends, social networking and social media. It also shares some of the knowledge the people at WSD have acquired. Happy Reading!
Disney movies are coming to YouTube, Variety reports. Besides "Winnie the Pooh" and "Pirates of the Caribbean," the deal also includes titles from Dreamworks and Pixar such as "Cars 2″ and "Alice in Wonderland", which will be available for rental on Google's video platform.
The information was also confirmed on YouTube's official blog, and comes right on time for the holiday season. As a matter of fact, "Cars" and "Pirates" already available for American users to rent right now, and are priced at $1.99. According to YouTube's Movies & TV Marketing Manager Minjae Ormes, more titles will be added in the weeks to come, including both classics and new releases.
This deal comes only a couple weeks after the two companies closed a partnership around an original video series to be produced by Disney and made available on YouTube. At the time, the co-president of Disney Interactive James A. Pitaro declared:
It's imperative to go where our audience is [and] bring Disney's legacy of storytelling to a new generation of families and Disney enthusiasts on the platforms they prefer.
This new deal is a big achievement for Google, as the company has been reportedly trying for months to add more professional, high-quality long-form content to YouTube's movie offering. Still, it's not its first deal with a Hollywood studio, as its rental store already includes films from Sony Pictures, Warner Bros. and Universal Pictures. Here's what the store currently looks like in the US:
See more like this: youtube


text: So hey hi how's it going, I'll just cut straight to the chase. I am currently sort of working on a Homestuck mod, using tConfig by Surfpup (Go check it out if you haven't). But as of right now, I have just a few weapons done, that is, all of the Hammerkind abstrata. Hopefully thinking of expanding to most, if not all, of the weapons featured in the webcomic, maybe God Tier armors that would have set bonuses for different playstyles, and some vanity armor for Kids' shirts or like, Troll horns, maybe even some enemies featured in Sburb! Possibly even denizen bosses if they're ever shown in the comic. I've realized after making a few sets of weapons with tConfig, the worst part of this project for me is going to be making sprites and stuff for armor and enemies. If there are any talented or even semi-compotent pixel artists out there reading my little thread here and wanna lend a guy a hand for some good karma, I certainly won't refuse. and uh thanks for looking at my topic I appreciate it~


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Mekanism is an independent tech mod that brings low, mid, and high tier machinery to Minecraft. The mod doesnt have an actual goal, and youll understand this when you see all the random content Mekanism contains, from jetpacks to balloons. However, I can assure you that youll notice all the content blend together as you get to know the mod better!
Mekanism uses a tier-based system when organizing several of its core features, including Energy Cubes and Factories. There are four tiers: basic, the simplest tier, advanced, the second-most basic tier, elite, the second-most complex tier, and ultimate, the most complex tier. You can upgrade tiers by placing the component in a crafting grid and surrounding it with the necessary resources for the next upgrade (I recommend NotEnoughItems!).
By the time youve been using Mekanism for a while, youll have a near-instructible suit of Obsidian Armor, be obtaining four ingots for each ore you mine, have the ability to fly wherever you want with the hydrogen-powered jetpacks, and have a cute robotic friend following you around while you mine.
Download (Attention)
Mekanism is separated into multiple different modules, each focused on a certain topic. They can be independently downloaded, you dont need to have every one installed. Below is a list of the current modules and their functions (excluding the Core Module which contains everything not listed):
Mekanism: Generators
The Generators module features several different ways of generating electricity, from solar arrays to hydrogen reactors. This module also includes the Electrolytic Separator, although it isnt technically a generator.
Mekanism: Tools
The Tools module features 5 new sets of tools and armor, featuring Obsidian, Redstone, Lapis Lazuli, Glowstone, and Platinum types. Note this doesnt include the electric tools those are included in the Core module.
Installing Mekanism is easy. Simply download and install the latest recommended build of Minecraft Forge, and then throw Mekanism and any additional modules you may have into the mods folder. Configure Mekanism with the Mekanism.cfg file located in the config folder.
Note: MDK (Mekanism Development Kit) is intended for use by developers and should not be used alongside the other modules.
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New York State Senator Malcolm Smith began what is being dubbed a Truth or Myth tour. The tour's purpose is dispel the current myths associated with the Senator as he begins his run for re-election.
One factor that makes the need to separate truth from rumor is the pending legal action against the Senator. He has been indicted for his role in a bribery scheme to get on the Republican ballot for New York City Mayor.
The Senator told the audience that he could not speak about the case. "I would love to have a conversation about it..I'm sure at the appropriate time I will be able to," he said. He did, however, speak about being a multi-party candidate in an effort to dispel the myth that he wanted to be a Republican. The Senator is a Democrat.
"When we ran for office previously, we had every line: Working Families, Conservative, Democratic and Republican," he said. "In other communities, they talk across the table," he said. "Buses that run, baseball fields [and the like] these things don't care if I'm a Democrat."
The audience was comprised primarily of Senator Smith supporters who praised his past record and his previous support during their turn at the microphone. As such, the only pointed question for the Senator came from the press (Communities of Color News) which challenged him on his ability to affect change now that he is no longer in a leadership role and part of the Independent Democratic Committee (IDC).
Smith spoke about the pervasiveness of his time in leadership and all that he was able to accomplish as a result of that position. He pointed to his appointment as Sandy committee co-chair after he joined the IDC, the ability to have opened up hundreds of summer youth jobs after years of Southeast Queens residents being denied access to the program. Now that he isn't part of the IDC, he stressed how he has been able to get things done on behalf of programs and efforts for the community despite having that leadership backing.
Those efforts included several million dollars for an anti violence campaign with the Feurtado Brothers that will go statewide and money for day care centers. He also dispelled the myth that his lot in Albany is a lonely one and spoke about the many relationships he still has upstate. The Senator also illustrated the fact that it is the number of votes, which are on the side of the Democrats (not the Republicans or the IDC) that affect any change in Albany.
The Senator also spoke to an image he sees as being tarnished by the media.
"Just because the papers call you corrupt doesn't make you corrupt…[I will] let my work speak for itself," he said.
The other conversation of note in the tour dealt with possible running mates. "I hope they are not being used," Senator Smith said when questioned how he felt of once supportive colleagues now considering a run.
"After 13 years you didn't choose to run against me, why now, all of a sudden you think its time to run against me," he said.
"I do find it strange that people who have been in the community for that long a time, who have worked with me…have bestowed accolades on me…never have come forward about running. This one time that I have my challenges they choose to run against me."
Although there was no mention of any candidate by name, Deputy Queens Borough President Leroy Comrie seems to fit the bill. There have been numerous rumors that the former long time Councilman is considering a run for the seat.
Senator Smith laid out his vision for Southeast Queens if he is re-elected which includes attention to economics, schools and public safety. In the area of economics he will focus on developing commercial strips, creating jobs and assisting entrepreneurs. For schools, he noted that academic performance of schools changes for the better once one crosses Hillside Avenue. With Public Safety he recognized that there could be no economic development without safety and business owners feeling secure.
The Senator will use his standing as a tenured official and his record to convince voters that he should be re-elected.
The tour began at the Greater Springfield Community Church. Queens Chapter National Action President, community activist and church pastor Reverend Phil Craig, introduced the Senator and supported his rationale for the tour.
"There are a lot of things going around. Some of them true. Some not true…If you want to hear a thing, go to the source," he said.
The Senator announced the tour will be making stops around the District. The Feurtado Brothers will be hosting a leg of the tour at a location and date to be announced. New Greater Bethel Ministries 215-32 will be hosting the tour on March 22nd at 1P


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Search Results
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Tagged With: dip
Eggplant Caponata
Caponata is an Italian eggplant dip that I love for parties. It's more healthy than most of my party appetizers and it's vegetarian, so everyone likes it. This version has some Sicilian flavors (where the cuisine is highly influenced by its proximity to Africa), including some cinnamon, pine nuts, and currants. Red pepper flakes give … Continue reading
Categories: Appetizer, Italian, Vegetable, Vegetarian Tags: balsamic vinegar, caponata, chili flakes, cinnamon, Cocoa, currants, dip, eggplant, Italian, onion, pine nuts, recipe, spread, thyme, tomato paste, tomato sauce 7 Comments
Crab Imperial Dip
After the crab cakes and spicy crab pasta, I wanted to make a version of crab imperial I saw on Saveur. I changed it quite a bit, and it really became more dip than main course. I will definitely be trying something like this again because it's one of the few dips that doesn't use … Continue reading


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Originally, Cody Rhodes and Goldust were scheduled to wrestle each other at "Wrestlemania 30," but after their tag team was so successful, those plans were in question. According to prowrestling.com on Feb. 1, the plan for them to fight might still be on and the "Elimination Chamber" pay-per-view is where that should start.
Rhodes and Goldust are expected to get a tag team title rematch at the "Elimination Chamber" pay-per-view and that is when the two are expected to finally have their split. With Goldust as a WWE legend who the fans have taken to, Cody Rhodes is expected to be the one to turn heel and betray his brother.
The two are then expected to wrestle at "Wrestlemania 30" and there is a chance the feud extends further than that. Originally, Goldust signed on with the WWE through "Wrestlemania 30" but his contract was extended to last through "Summerslam" in August.
This was well deserved because Goldust has come back looking better than ever. After years of alcohol and drug abuse, Goldust not only cleaned up but began to work out with the DDP Yoga exercise program that helped Jake "The Snake" Roberts turn his life around. Thanks to that, Goldust looks and moves better than he did when he was last in the WWE.
Now, the long anticipated brother vs. brother match looks like it will finally happen after a couple of years of teasing it on WWE television.
Suggested Links
- WWE rumors: CM Punk wanted to turn heel before leaving company
- TNA Impact Wrestling spoilers from Manchester taping
- TNA news: Davey Richards explains why he didn't end up in WWE
- WWE news: Sin Cara signs with World Wrestling League in Puerto Rico
- WWE news: Japanese legend talks about working at WWE Performance Center


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Click on a thumbnail to go to Google Books.
Eloise. by Judy Finnigan (edition 2012)
by Judy Finnigan
Work details
Eloise by Judy Finnigan
No current Talk conversations about this book.
I found Eloise to be a decent story. The author combined genres a bit to mix mystery and adventure with a hint of supernatural, and she created an interesting and fairly well written story that kept my interest. The setting, while modern day, is Cornwall, England, which is the same as the classic, Rebecca, by Daphne du Maurier. It is not a remake of this classic, but Ms. Finnigan has used similar elements in Eloise, and it was obviously part of her inspiration.
Although I liked the book, I didn't love it. The element of suspense is interesting, but not gripping. The characters were a bit one-dimensional and not attractive to me. They are not people who I really cared about at the end of the story. I would still recommend it as a good read, particularly as a description of this interesting place. I think the author has put a great deal of heart into the story, and that keeps it from being a mediocre tale. If you enjoy stories of the English seacoast with a touch of mystery and some mild romance, Eloise will fit the bill.
I am thankful to the publisher and NetGalley for the chance to read this title.
You may have noticed that I really like mysteries and thrillers by UK authors, which I find differ quite a bit from those by U.S. authors since each culture in the world brings its own flavor to its writings. The book cover for Eloise, an international bestseller by Judy Finnigan, definitely peaked my curiosity but the publisher's brief description sold me. Eloise is a psychological thriller with paranormal elements, all set on the Cornwall coastline that Daphne du Maurier made famous. You may think you're not familiar with Daphne du Maurier but Alfred Hitchcock later adapted several of her works into films - have you seen The Birds? Eloise definitely has a du Maurier and Hitchcock feel to it. Read the rest of my review at http://popcornreads.com/?p=6568.
One year ago, Eloise died of cancer leaving behind her husband, Ted, their twin daughters, her mother, and her best friend Cathy. When Eloise' ghost starts haunting her dreams, telling her that her daughters are in danger, Cathy is convinced that the haunting is real and that Ted is the danger Eloise is referring to. However, no one believes her. She has only recently recovered from a breakdown and her psychiatrist husband, Chris, is convinced that this is just a symptom of her illness despite some odd and violent behaviour from Ted. Is grief causing Cathy to imagine Eloise' presence or are the twins really in danger?
There is a definite Gothic feel to this novel. This is increased by its setting in Cornwall near cliffs overlooking the sea and its nods to both Daphne Du Maurier and Emily Bronte. There is the haunting, the suggestion of buried secrets, the handsome young stranger, the seemingly overwrought and fragile heroine whom no one believes, and even a exorcism thrown in for good measure.
At times, the story becomes somewhat shmaltzy with Cathy's depiction of Eloise' and Chris' perfection despite the fact that Eloise, at least in ghost form seems willing to destroy Cathy's marriage and Chris seems more than willing to excuse the behaviour of others rather than that of his wife especially given that he's a psychiatrist and thinks she is having a breakdown. As well, despite Eloise' referrals to danger from an unnamed 'he' (if something is so important that someone needs to come back from beyond the grave, can't they at least name names), there is no real mystery in who this 'he' is.
Despite these criticisms and, to be honest, these are faults of most gothic novels, for the most part, I enjoyed Eloise. Author Judy Finnigan has a deft hand at description and makes the mysterious beauty of Cornwall come alive and separate from the gothic nature of the tale, is a real and honest portrayal of grief, loyalty, and the ties that bind us to our families. Eloise has its flaws but, as a debut novel, it's pretty darn good.
Review first published on my blog: http://memoriesfrombooks.blogspot.com/2013/08/eloise.html
Eloise, the character for whom this book is named, is dead. As the book begins, we learn that she lost her battle with cancer a year ago. Surviving Eloise are her husband Ted, her two young daughters, her mother, and her best friend Cathy. Cathy struggles with depression and is recovering from a complete breakdown. Surrounding Cathy are her husband Chris and her children - all of whom are concerned about Cathy's mental state.
Add to the story some supernatural elements and a secret from Eloise's past. Eloise begins haunting Cathy from beyond the grave. Cathy feels that there is something Eloise wants her to do to protect her young daughters. The reactions of those around Cathy range from understanding to disbelief and from anger to ongoing concerns about her sanity. Her concern for Eloise begins to harm her own marriage and her children. Her recovery from her breakdown is threatened.
The book started off as a supernatural thriller - a fun page turner. I was willing to suspend disbelief in the subject matter to go along for the ride. The book kept me guessing as to what Eloise wants Cathy to do. Her statement to not trust "him" kept me guessing as to which character it referred. Chris's treatment of Cathy - whether out of concern or not - bothered me. The characters and the story seemed to be developing towards an unexpected ending. All these elements kept me engaged in the book.
Unfortunately, then, the book came to a rather abrupt end and an obvious (to me) denouement - the answers to the questions unfortunately were the obvious one. Issues and relationships were resolved too simply and in some cases, unrealistically. I felt let down at the end of the book, wishing there was something more developed and more thoughtful. Still an enjoyable read but not a great one.
*** Reviewed based on a galley received from the publisher in exchange for an honest review ***
This story is beautifully woven into a tale of mystery and intrigue that takes place in Cornwall. Cornwall is a beautiful haven for family holidays.
Forty five year old Eloise is married to Ted and has beautiful twin daughters. She had been terminally ill with cancer, that had metastasized throughout her body. But, then she seemed so much better. The doctors said she was in remission - a sort of reprieve - and she was full of energy and enjoying her life so much. Suddenly, Eloise was dead, her life snuffed out in an instant. When someone is terminally ill, do they die as if they'd had a heart attack? Did Eloise really die because of the cancer? There were concerns about her death because there was no obvious period of decline - she died so quickly. Her dearest friend, Cathy, and Eloise's mother, Juliana, had questions and anxieties about her death, but the alternative seemed utterly ridiculous. It just didn't make sense.
Cathy, a wonderfully portrayed character, seemed to be obsessed with Eloise's death. She felt as if Eloise was pulling at her, filling her with dark thoughts and fear. Eloise came to Cathy in her dreams, sometimes in broad daylight, and seemed desperately unhappy and afraid for her children. Was Eloise not at peace? What was Eloise trying to tell Cathy through these ghostly supernatural hallucinations? When Cathy came out of these dreams, she couldn't shake off a feeling of foreboding. She was totally subservient to Eloise's domination of her dreams. Cathy was risking her happiness with her husband and family because of this obsession with a ghost - and the story unfolds-----.
This book lured me in early with its well constructed plot and eloquent descriptive writing. The storyline was intriguing and slightly eerie, layered with dark secrets. And everything was tied up beautifully with a satisfying conclusion.
Negative comment: Poor editing with grammatical errors and misspelled words. My rating is 4.5 stars. I really enjoyed this book and if you're into paranormal, you'll love this book.
I received a complimentary copy from NetGalley for an honest review of this book. All opinions shared in this review are solely my responsibility.
Other reviews can be read on www.reviewfromhere.com and you can follow me on Twitter @ghmstudio.
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Yesterday I almost saw her. I was standing on the sun deck, looking out to sea, revelling in the unexpected warmth of the February sun. A butterfly trembled on a nearby buddleia and suddenly I smelled her perfume. She wasn't there, of course. How could she be when I had seen her lying in her coffin just two weeks ago.… (more)
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Operator: Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Alkermes PLC Conference Call to discuss the Company's Financial Results for the quarter and year ended March 31, 2013. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. There will be a question-and-answer session to follow the call. Please be advised that this call is being recorded at Alkermes request.
At this time, I'd now like to introduce your host for today's call, Ms. Rebecca Peterson, Senior Vice President of Corporate Communications at Alkermes. Please go ahead.
Rebecca J. Peterson - IR: Thanks so much Jonathan. Welcome to Alkermes plc conference call to discuss our financial results for the quarter and the year ended March 31, 2013. With me today are Richard Pops, our CEO; Shane Cooke, our President; and Jim Frates, our CFO.
Before we begin today, let me remind you that during the call today we will make forward-looking statements relating to among other things our expectations concerning commercialization of our products, our future financial expectations and business performance and our expectations concerning the therapeutic value and the clinical development of our products.
Listeners are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are neither promises nor guarantees, and are subject to a high degree of risk and uncertainty. Our press release issued today, our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC, and our other filings with the SEC, identify risk factors that could cause our actual performance and results to differ materially from those projected or suggested in the forward-looking statements.
We undertake no obligation to update or revise the information provided on the call today as a result of new information or future results or developments. As a complement to our press release and conference call, we have made available slides and a financial workbook on the IR section of the company's website. This morning, Jim Frates will discuss the financial results and Richard Pops will provide a brief update on the Company. After our remarks, we'll open up the call for Q&A.
Now, I'd like to turn over the call to Jim.
James M. Frates - SVP and CFO: Thanks, Rebecca. Good morning everyone. We're pleased this morning to report our financial results for the fiscal year which ended March 31, 2013. Financially, this year was characterized by robust revenue growth, focused investment and significant cash generation. Alkermes met or exceeded all the financial targets we had set forth and we are very happy with the results.
Underlying the strong financial performance, our R&D investment has resulted in a distinctive pipeline with significant potential; Rich will update you on this progress later in the call.
First, let me start with a few highlights from the fourth quarter. Total revenues increased 25% year-over-year to $163.4 million, driven by the growth of our five key commercial products, which grew 26% year-over-year, and intellectual property license revenue of $30 million. Excluding this IP license revenue, our five key products accounted for 67% of total revenues, compared to 55% for the fourth quarter in the prior fiscal year.
With our robust top line results and focused spend cross the business, we achieved non-GAAP net income of $56.3 million for the quarter, more than triple the non-GAAP net income of $16.5 million for the same period last year. Turning to the full fiscal year, we recorded total revenues of $575.5 million, representing an increase of 48% over the last fiscal year.
Now let me highlight the performance of the key products driving our growth. Our long-acting atypical franchise, RISPERDAL CONSTA and INVEGA SUSTENNA continue to be the most significant contributor to our results. Year-over-year end market sales for this franchise grew 15% to more than $2.3 billion for the fiscal year. This growth was driven by robust end market sales of INVEGA SUSTENNA which nearly doubled year-over-year. For fiscal 2013, Alkermes recorded manufacturing and royalty revenues of $197 million for this franchise.
For AMPYRA and FAMPYRA, manufacturing and royalty revenues were $65 million for the fiscal year. Worldwide end market sales grew approximately 36% year-over-year. Turning to VIVITROL for fiscal 2013, net sales grew 41% to $58.1 million, compared to $41.2 million in the prior fiscal year.
For fiscal 2013, Alkermes recognized BYDUREON royalty revenues of $16.4 million based on estimated worldwide end market sales of approximately $200 million. In addition to our key commercial portfolio, in fiscal 201, Alkermes earned revenues from legacy products. The most significant of which were $40.3 million from the combined RITALIN LA/FOCALIN XR franchise and $37.5 million from TRICOR 145.
As we have previously outlined, we expect revenues from the legacy portfolio to decline with further growth from our key commercial product more than offsetting these decline. Alkermes has demonstrated its commitment to managing the business to create value and generate significant cash flows while investing in our promising pipeline. Our strategy has delivered.
This year the value of the pipeline has become more evident while our businesses generated non-GAAP net income of $179.5 million compared to non-GAAP net income of $40 million for the prior fiscal year. Free cash flow for fiscal 2013 was $157.3 million compared to free cash flow of $23 million for the prior fiscal year.
I'd like to take a moment now to outline our change in fiscal year and our financial expectations. As we announced in the press release this morning, Alkermes has changed the fiscal year-end from March 31 to December 31, effective immediately. As a result, for the remainder of 2013, we will report a nine month period ending December 31, 2013. To assist with the transition to calendar year reporting, we have made available a workbook on our website with historical pro forma results by calendar year and for the nine month period ending December 31, 2012.
I'll now provide some of the highlights of our financial expectations for the nine month period ending December 31, 2013.
We expect total revenues to range from $395 million to $425 million with revenues from the five key commercial products expected to grow 25% compared to the same nine-month period in the prior year. We expect revenues from the legacy products to decrease due to generic competition, and our guidance assumes that there will be a generic entrant for FOCALIN XR during the summer.
We expect that any declines will be offset by the growth of our key commercial products. Our revenue expectations do not include the impact of any business development activities.
Turning to expenses for R&D expense our investment in the pipeline correlates with our success in the clinic. For the nine months ending December 31, 2013. We expect R&D expense to be in the range of $125 million to $135 million.
Likewise for SG&A we've begun the process of preparing for the commercialization of aripiprazole lauroxil. For the nine months ending December 31, 2013. We expect SG&A to be in the range of $95 million to $105 million.
We expect non-GAAP net income for the nine months ending December 31, 2013 to be in the range of $85 million to $105 million and non-GAAP diluted EPS to be in the range of $0.61 to $0.75.
Finally we expect free cash flow for the nine months ending December 31, 2013 to be in the range of $65 million to $85 million. As you can see, the business is performing well. We have a robust and diverse top line. We're making focused investments in our promising pipeline and we are generating significant cash flow. We're in a great position and I look forward to continuing this positive momentum.
With that, I'll turn the call over to Richard.
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: That's great. Thank you, Jim. Good morning everybody. So we have a strategy and a plan to build a big biotechnology company, as measured in financial terms and in terms of the number of medicines we create and the impact they have on people's lives. Given the developments in the early months of 2013, this year is shaping up to be a defining year in our evolution. We are at an inflection point. We've entered the next major phase of our Company's life as the value of the pipeline becomes obvious and it's added to the value of the profitable commercial business that we've created.
Our ambition has been to create a growing profitable Company with multiple late-stage pipeline assets with a potential to be blockbuster drugs. This has become a reality. Over the past year, the performance of our commercial products has financially transformed our business. There's more growth to be realized from our commercial portfolio, and in a couple of minutes, I'll describe some of the factors we see contributing to this ongoing growth.
But first, I want to spend a little bit of time on our late-stage pipeline. What has evolved so clearly in the last few months is that our pipeline is now characterized by late-stage candidates with robust validating clinical data and clear economic potential. This economic potential derives from their medical value and their relevance to the current value focused environment. This theme of medical, economic and societal value is one that you will see recurring in our pipeline and it's an intentional part for our strategy.
Today, I'm going to give you some updates on aripiprazole lauroxil, ALKS 5461 and ALKS 3831. In addition, I'm happy to announce it will be hosting an R&D in Boston in July where we plan to introduce new product candidates that are emerging from our productive R&D engine.
So first, the major news for ALKS 5461 in treatment-resistant patients with major depressive disorder. As you know by now, just a few weeks ago, we announced positive results from 142-patient Phase 2 study of this highly differentiated oral compound. The data were clear and we look forward to presentation of the (Technical Difficulty).
Our goal is to initiate the first of these studies in the beginning of 2014, subject to the refinement of our study design and our interactions with FDA.
ALKS 3831 is our oral agent for the treatment of schizophrenia, designed to compete with the best-in-class oral antipsychotic agents. ALKS 3831 is designed to provide a broader spectrum of benefits for patients by combining the efficacy of olanzapine or ZYPREXA with the opioid modulating properties of our proprietary NCE ALKS 33. We believe that the addition of ALKS 33, a potent, centrally acting opioid antagonist may have two important beneficial effects for patients. First, we believe that 3831 has the potential to attenuate the clinically significant weight gain commonly seen with ZYPREXA. Diminishing this side effect could open the proven therapeutic benefits of olanzapine to a wider range of patient.
Second, we plan to explore the particular applicability of ALKS 3831 for the large number of patients with dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance abuse, a group representing as many as 50% of patients with schizophrenia. We're on track to initiate a Phase 2 clinical study in patients with schizophrenia in mid-calendar year 2013. Our most advanced candidate aripiprazole lauroxil formerly referred ALKS 9070, is our long-acting injectable prodrug of aripiprazole currently enrolling patients in a large Phase 3 study.
Our FDA filing timeline is driven by two major operational elements. The careful execution of the single Phase 3 clinical trial and the preparation of the NDA.
We previously said that we expected topline data from the Phase 3 at the end of calendar 2013, based on where things currently stand; we now expect topline data to be available in the first half of calendar 2014.
In parallel we're accelerating the preparation of the NDA and we can finish much of the NDA content before the study completes to minimize the effect on the overall timeline.
We plan to file the NDA in 2014 as quickly as possible following the completion of the Phase 3 study. Recall that we cannot enter the market prior to the expiration of the ABILIFY patent in April 2015.
The Phase 3 study is well underway in multiple countries around the world, including the U.S. and in Eastern Europe and in Asia. In the U.S., enrollment has progressed as modeled originally and is essentially complete. Outside the U.S. we continue to bring on sites and enroll patients we're making steady progress, but at a rate slower than we modeled.
With that said we're encouraged by the quality of the study and we'll keep going until we are done.
As we gain more precision over the next few months we'll continue to update you on the timing as appropriate.
We're being really careful with the execution of this program because aripiprazole lauroxil represents such a major opportunity for us. Aripiprazole lauroxil is an important potential new treatment option for patients an opportunity for Alkermes to build on and expand our franchise in long-acting antipsychotics. We were pleased to see the approval ABILIFY maintain last quarter with a label consistent with our expectations and pricing at a premium to RISPERDAL CONSTA and INVEGA SUSTENNA. We believe our product has the potential to be a generational advance in its dosing flexibility and product presentation. So, that's the late-stage pipeline. We believe that we're building one of the most significant CNS pipelines in the industry and you'll see more evidence of this in July.
What makes all of this possible is the strong and growing revenue base that funds our focused R&D investment. Our commercial portfolio is one-of-a-kind, and unto itself is a compelling business. It's a remarkable portfolio of products. Each is unique and addresses an unmet medical need in a growing market. They have long patent lives with little risk of generic entry for many years. For the partnered products, they represent critical growth drivers for each of the Company selling the brand. Further, most are still early in their commercial lives with expected accelerating trajectories.
For BYDUREON, BMS and AstraZeneca just took control in territories outside of the U.S. on April 1. Since the acquisition of Amylin, BMS and AZ doubled the size of the sales force to penetrate the primary care market. They are focused on building the competitive profile of BYDUREON for the long-term. Filing for FDA approval of BYDUREON pen is expected mid-year and the weekly suspension is in Phase 3 clinical studies. We believe that we are still in the early days of the growth of BYDUREON and of the entire GLP-1 class.
For INVEGA SUSTENNA, the launch is underway in 18 of the 27 EU countries. The product line continues to expand. J&J has a three-month formulation in Phase 3 with data expected in 2014.
For AMPYRA, our partners at Acorda recently announced positive Phase 2 data in the post-stroke deficits syndication, which will lead to additional clinical studies. This represents a new opportunity for this product. Ex-U.S., Biogen has negotiated pricing in Germany for FAMPYRA and is launching FAMPYRA in other European countries.
VIVITROL continues to make progress. It's now nearly a $60 million product gaining traction and visibility in the treatment community. In addition to our growing commercial business, there are exciting programs underway in a number of state criminal justice settings. We expect the results of these programs to lead to broader adoption of VIVITROL over time. So, across the board, we remain confident in the future growth of this commercial portfolio.
So, let's finish there. We had a great year and now we're looking ahead. We're managing Alkermes to be a growing profitable company with a strong commercial portfolio and excitingly staged pipeline. The pipeline is moving into focus now, and we're aggressively moving the most promising candidates forward with the goal of getting them to patients as quickly as possible.
In 2013, we expect the value of this portfolio to become even more evident. We look forward to updating you on our progress each quarter and in our R&D day in July.
And with that, I'll turn the call back to Rebecca.
Rebecca J. Peterson - IR: Excellent. Thank you. We'll now open up the call for Q&A. operator?
Operator: Jonathan Eckard, Citi.
Jonathan Eckard - Citi: First, I was just going to ask. I now it's pretty early but have you seen the signs of the ABILIFY MAINTENA launch, for example, have they – have these patients – were they previously on long-acting antipsychotic or were they – are they new patients to the class and were previously on oral drugs? And then just – what you should look for out of that launch?
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: It's too early to say, we're tracking the launch right now, as you are just starting to get the first data points on the launch curve, but recall from our side that we presented, we really see that there is two major domains that the long acting ABILIFY will and should go after and that is the patients currently on oral ABILIFY with schizophrenia, many of whom are non-compliant and then what's exciting is to hear what J&J is saying about the long acting atypical class in general and what Otsuka and Lundbeck and we will echo which is the gross underutilization of a long-acting injectables in schizophrenia patients in general, the market share being around 2% of long-acting of the use of atypicals. So I think you'll see more patients coming into long-acting therapy in general.
Jonathan Eckard - Citi: Then the other question is if you could just give us a general ideal strategy regarding, potential partnering, when do you see the ideal time to potential partner some of your assets because, ex-U.S. I think that your goal is to focus on U.S. when would be the optimal time for that to help maybe mitigate some of the development costs going forward?
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: Well, we're kind of running the experimental real time and the most important thing if we are partnering these assets O-U.S. is to find the right partner with the right business strategy and the right approach to launching the products. We have the financial wherewithal generally to run the program we tend to think about the development programs in an integrated global way. We don't know it was executed necessarily that way, but we have a good sense of how to do this so we're not really rate limited by the need for a partner to develop the products. So with 5461 maturing so nicely, 3831 maturing nicely. Some other things in the pipeline that you'll see in July coming along and with lauroxil we have a portfolio and we're having kind of series of discussions with folks on different elements of that portfolio, but they'll be right, when they are right.
Operator: Anant Padmanabhan, Cowen & Company.
Anant Padmanabhan - Cowen & Co.: So, Rich, I had a quick clarification. You mentioned 9070, the clinical trials. So, you had said the trial would report out in H1. So I just wanted to get a clarification on why there is a little bit of a delay? I guess it doesn't make a difference of the patent. You can only launch after the ABILIFY patent, but just trying to get a sense of what's happening with enrollment and the general trial itself?
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: Yeah, as I said in the earlier remarks, there's two halves to the study, the U.S. half and the O-U.S. half and the U.S. half has gone pretty much as plan, because we have a reasonable amount of experience around these types of studies or similar studies in the U.S. O-U.S. is a bit of a different world, because we're in different countries. We're in places like Ukraine and Russia, Bulgaria, Serbian places like that, no Serbia actually. So really the remodeling is based on our actual real road experience in getting regulatory approvals, import licenses, sites initiated and patients enrolled. So as we get more experienced with that we just have a better ability to project. And recall that the primary objective here is not rate; it's quality, because a single study should suffice for FDA approval. So we're erring on the side of care, being careful with site selection and patient selection rather than rate. Now, we don't want us to go for ever into 2014. We want to be done, believe me, but we're also making sure we're doing this correctly.
Anant Padmanabhan - Cowen & Co.: Then a quick clarification for Jim as well. On the R&D guidance, for the nine months, you have a $125 million to $135 million. Does that include a Phase 3 for 5461 or the beginnings of a Phase 3?
James M. Frates - SVP and CFO: You are absolutely right. It does include additional spend with the positive data that we saw in that study. We're trying to initiate as quickly as we can the broader pivotal studies for 5461. Now we still have to go down and talk to the FDA, but over the next nine months, we will be accelerating spend on that program in particular.
Anant Padmanabhan - Cowen & Co.: If I could just sneak another one, so the guidance assumes FOCALIN XR through the summer. Is that correct?
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: Yes. And obviously, the timing of when the generic entry might come, it's hard to know. It's impossible to know really. So, we just want to make sure people knew that was our assumption.
Operator: David Risinger, Morgan Stanley Research.
David Risinger - Morgan Stanley Research: I just had a couple of questions. First, I was hoping you could talk about the cost of goods in terms of the nine-month guidance basically, it implies slightly lower gross margin than we had been assuming, so any comments on the gross margin outlook would be helpful? And then with respect to partnering, could you talk about your, talk a little bit more about specifically your vision for development of 5461 and whether you are looking for partner or not? And then anything else with respect to pipeline products and substantial partnering or decisions not to partner would be helpful?
James M. Frates - SVP and CFO: Let me address the gross margin question quickly. If you remember we had a restructuring that we are working on and we announced in March around our Athlone facility is where we are consolidating some of the buildings and that means that we are actually accelerating some of the depreciation as you close buildings that were depreciated over say 20 year life. You now have to take that depreciation over a much shorter period of time. So the change in COGS guidance is really related it is about $8 million of accelerated depreciation, its non-cash and it's really related to that work going on in Athlone. So we actually think our gross margins are going to be relatively flat from year-to-year. In the longer term we expect them to improve as our higher margin products continue to grow like SUSTENNA and BYDUREON.
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: You know this but I just want to, I want to make the point on this, it's so remarkable where the pipeline has gotten in the last couple of years. We have this exciting array of products now, and as you know the scarcity value of late-stage products is extremely high and the import of these particular products is very high. So we see them as global products and we will partner in order access global markets in certain cases. We don't feel rush to do so, and we are kind of enjoying the position we find ourselves in right now. So we will partner at some point not for money and not necessarily for development expertise per se although that's always welcome. It's to access all the countries that we think these medicines can benefit patients in.
Operator: Cory Kasimov, JPMorgan.
Cory Kasimov - JPMorgan: So I had couple questions for you on 5461. Can you help us frame expectations for next week's presentation at NCDEU without front running the data, of course. Is there a particular hurdle on the key endpoint scores that your experts consider clinically meaningful or maybe frame it relative to what's out there today? And then also following up on the partnering question as it relates to 5461 specifically, is this – I know 9070 is something you can do alone in the U.S., but is 5461 in this indication something that you can go after as well in the U.S. and partner rest of the world? Thanks.
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: Corey, it's Rich. So next week I think we'll be able to provide a presentations to you all afterwards and if you can go you should go. The data will presented by Maurizio Fava from the MGH. So it will be nice because you can hear from a clinician's point of view rather than our point of view on it. And I think the speed from which time we got the top line data towards being presented in a medical meeting is consistent with the community's interest in this particular outcome. To us, I think you'll be impressed with the clarity of the results and the innovativeness of the design that was – which as you know was designed to kind of show in a couple of different phases of the study, the efficacy of the drug versus placebo. So, take a look at it. If you have questions about it we'll be here to answer. But that presentation I think occurs next Friday in the morning. Can we do this alone in the U.S.? Well, it's interesting. If we focused on the three new resistant patients, with adjunctive therapy with baseline SSRI or SNRI, we think, yes. We think we can. We think that's a concentrated, a more concentrated patient population. That said, does the medicine, if this new pathway for the treatment-resistant depression proved to be robust and meaningful, should it and could it possibly used earlier in the treatment-resistant depression, yes, in which case you would require a probably a bigger commercial footprint. But we see from a regulatory point of view and from a commercial point of view, this logical progression from a very focused sales force on VIVITROL expanding into long-acting injectable antipsychotic aripiprazole lauroxil broadening our footprint provides a stepwise progression then to the idea of the refractory depressing community as well. And then from there, we'll see where we go. That's why we're going to be very careful in our partnering decisions we think not to give up our ability to control some of the U.S. commercial work.
Operator: Ami Fadia, UBS.
Ami Fadia - UBS: Just to follow-up on 5461, it sounds from your comments that at this point especially if the drug is going to be focused on this concentrated patient population. You might prefer to go at alone and you might actually wait for data from larger clinical studies, maybe a Phase 3 to understand if you really need to broaden that target population in which case you will actually partner it? Am I understanding that correctly?
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: I wouldn't characterize it that way, Ami. What we hope, now that we've run two successful studies on 5461 in the injunctive setting in refractory patients. We actually hope that Phase 3 isn't particularly regulatory, doesn't reveal much in Phase 3, because we hope that we're just showing that the medicine work as we are increasingly believing that it does. So, we are actually talking to pharmaceutical companies right now about 5461, and because we're not rate limited we have the luxury of kind of talking to multiple pharmaceutical companies and crafting what we think would be the right approach to the market on a global basis, but we don't feel compelled to doing, typically when you are seeing with a little bit more time, a little bit more gestation period the deals get more clear and stronger and better. Because the counter parties need to learn about the drug as well. That's why presenting the data in medical meetings so that the community can begin to understand the drug as well is really helpful to that process.
Ami Fadia - UBS: Just on 9070 and I'm thinking about the trial and trying to understand what is the risk of this trial obviously you've presented very interesting data in the earlier studies. How have you taken care of any potential availability in the control arm, while designing the study. If you could give us a sense of your thought process there, that would be helpful? And then I have a quick follow-up here.
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: You see the same theme in the 5461 study we just completed in 142 patients. Because in the case of 5461 and in the case of 9070 we actually believed the mechanism is sound, the way the study fails through design, excessive placebo response, or excessive dropout which muddles the statistics. So in the 9070 study there is nested layers of ascertainment of the rating scale and a patient selection criteria not just at the site level but by independent rater as well. And this is part of the reason why the rates can be slow, because we reject patients and we reject sites and we look for concordance to begin diagnosis between the site and external raters and other things like that, that I won't bore you with now. But this is the way you need to run CNS trials this days and it isn't easy and you have to be very careful. If you do it correctly I think the signal comes through the noise and you are very happy extra work to do it that way.
Ami Fadia - UBS: Just a last question, that's on VIVITROL, just on a sequential basis the quarter came in little light versus last quarter and I was just wondering if there was something unusual going on there? And also, in terms of sort of your projected growth rate, sort of the implied growth rate for the next 12 months, are you expecting the product growth to decelerate going forward? I mean, that's kind of what you are implying from your guidance, but I would have thought that we should expect some acceleration.
James M. Frates - SVP and CFO: Ami, it's Jim. I think that – you do notice we did not increased net sales sequentially, that's right. Really what was going on there, was some changes in the inventory levels. Now that we have inventory out at the specialty pharmacy and will recognize sales on an out model, we're going to be subject to those kinds of fluctuations. If you look through the net sales though, and you look at actual end-user sales and prescriptions, we see the product still growing. And year-over-year it was about 33% up. So, just quarter-to-quarter and then for the full year we are up 41%. So, we still see growth in VIVITROL and what we've done this year with our projections is we've tried to basically straight-line it and put some bands around that so we don't get in the business of predicting when the growth acceleration for VIVITROL will occur. We don't have any less excitement about the potential of VIVITROL. It's just very hard as we're changing the market as you know to predict when an inflection point in the growth curve will come. So, VIVITROL is really steady as she goes and we still have a lot of confidence that that inflection point will come. We just don't know when and so we won't predict it.
Operator: Mario Corso, Mizuho Securities.
Mario Corso - Mizuho Securities: A couple of things. On the financial side, on the COGS effect you are referring to the $8 million, was that a last quarter number or was that a next nine months number you were talking about? And then also on the financial side it looked like AMPYRA, if I'm backing into it correctly came in well above the kind of 18% royalty rate for the quarter. So, I was wondering, if anything in particular was going on there? And then also, how should we be thinking about taxes for the year both on a GAAP and non-GAAP basis?
James M. Frates - SVP and CFO: So, with the COGS, the $8 million additional depreciation that I mentioned is really a going forward number. So, that's for the next nine months into the future. We had slightly higher COGS last quarter, mainly driven by really just product mix, which products were going out the door and – but we hit our gross margin targets for the year. And as we talk about, there will be fluctuations from quarter-to-quarter with manufacturing shipments. And that's really the answer with the AMPYRA question. As you know, much like RISPERDAL CONSTA, we get a significant amount of our revenue when the product ships out the door. We talked about at a couple of quarters ago when we had a light AMPYRA quarter. You know we had a slightly more robust AMPYRA revenue quarter, this quarter. But again, if you look out over the full year, it's very close to the 18% that you would expect – that we earn on sales around the world. So, it's really just the timing of manufacturing shipments for both of those first two questions that you had. In terms of the taxes, you know as we talked about again, I think we – it really depends on in which jurisdiction either the United States or in Ireland where we earn our revenues, it will impact our tax rate over time. We think once we run through our NOLs which we're still probably a year or two away from depending on the long term growth of the products in that trajectory, will be in that tax rate of around 20%, but that's really an estimate about sales we get out of our Irish products and sales we get out of our U.S. products. So again it will be lumpy from time-to-time as we have recognized various revenues and run through various NOLs and tax credits, but longer term we think we are in a very good spot.
Operator: William Tanner, Lazard Capital Markets.
William Tanner - Lazard Capital Markets: I have a couple of them, first for you Rich, just on 5461 and 3831 kind of reasonably leveraged the ALKS 33 could you just remind us where we are on the understanding the safety profile how comfortable you are with that compound? And then I have a follow-up.
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: You are right, both 5461 and 3831 have as a component NCS ALKS 33. ALKS 33 is quite well characterized. You might recall that we have run two year toxicology in rats and we've also run a 400 patient single agent study in alcohol dependence, with very positive results by the way. So we have a very good clear understanding of this from a clinical basis also structurally because it drives kind of intellectually from naltrexone we have a good sense of the pharma for as well. So we feel pretty good about that.
William Tanner - Lazard Capital Markets: The second question it's either for you maybe or Jim in his prepared remarks talked about revenue guidance not contemplating anything done on the (BD) front obviously you've got a lot of nice stuff going on in the pipeline. I mean is that kind of bolder plate commentary or is this something that you could see something by the end of the year, actually bump that higher than the guidance? Just trying to get some – I understand it's difficult to expect whether these things will happen or not, but…?
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: That's right. It's really more a philosophical set point for us. When we give guidance, we'll guide the stuff to – that we can reasonably guide to and so we just have no – because we're not running the business development process with a goal of hitting something in the fiscal year. Often you do in a company where you need the capital to proceed, that is in the case here, so we'll just let these go when they go and that's why we won't built them into the guidance. They obviously will have the profound effect, could have a profound effect on the outcome, but as we guide at the beginning in the fiscal year we won't include it.
Operator: Terence Flynn, Goldman Sachs.
Uya Chuluunbaatar - Goldman Sachs: This is (Uya Chuluunbaatar) in for Terence. Just going back to the revenue guidance, could you just walk us through and give us a little bit of incremental color on what are the other contributors? I mean, you talked about VIVITROL, but if you can just give us a little bit color on the other franchises that will be great. And on second, I know you said you haven't had the conversation with FDA, but just for a potential Phase 3 design for 5461, will you have to compare it to each of the components or would it be just the combination that's going to go into Phase 3? Thank you.
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: Perhaps I'll take that comment. Jim can give a little more color. Revenue guidance is driven by the two major buckets of revenue that we have. One is the legacy products that are ultimately going away. They contribute a certain amount. And then what we call the big five, which is our long acting injectable franchise INVEGA SUSTENNA and RISPERDAL CONSTA, BYDUREON, VIVITROL and AMPYRA. And that's the engine for the future and that's what's growing and that's the group that has patent protection in '20's generally. On 5461, that's exactly the type of question we're going to settle on with FDA in our meetings. There are some scenarios where we will use certain of the components as comparators including placebo. There are other scenarios and other stage where we might now, but we are going to work out the whole spectrum of that registration program. We're proposing that now when Senate and FDA will meet and will make a decision on that. But the basic structure of the Phase 3 is going to be similar to what we've done in the two previous studies which is 5461 versus placebo against the backdrop of concomitant use of SSRI or SNRI in treatment-resistant patients.
Rebecca J. Peterson - IR: I'll just add that, and I've had discussions with Terrence. Your question might be, do you think you need a (bup alone) arm and we don't believe that would be ethical to run on (bup alone) arm for the treatment of depression.
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: That's a fair point. We don't think – we also think there is arguments that you may not need a 33 alone arm or the 33 alone arm can function as a placebo arm, so these are the things we're working on right now, but we don't see – we don't see (indiscernible) as a competitive product or a reasonable necessarily control arm.
Operator: Steve Byrne, Bank of America Merrill Lynch.
Steve Byrne - Bank of America-Merrill Lynch: Jim, can you just elaborate a little bit more on your plans for building out the commercial infrastructure. It seems like in the March quarter, you did have a pick-up in SG&A. Is some of that infrastructure expansion already under way?
James M. Frates - SVP and CFO: The main part of the increase in the SG&A expense in the fourth quarter, the March quarter that we just reported was some of that infrastructure build-out for 9070. We're starting to expand the team. The broader brands in the operation, it will be focused on how to launch the product. And so, we are actually predicting SG&A not increasing a ton over the fourth quarter run rate through the course of the year. And obviously the major spend will come after we have the positive data and we're in the process of filing with the FDA, but you did noticed that in the fourth quarter and that will run through the rest of the year.
Steve Byrne - Bank of America-Merrill Lynch: But given your two years from commercialization on that product is that expansion of infrastructure have utility for other products that you are focused on?
James M. Frates - SVP and CFO: Well, yeah, absolutely. I mean, I think it's going to free-up people's time. We have a group of people that were doing really two things. They were focusing on VIVITROL and they were planning for the future potential marketing, understanding the market, talking to key physicians, helping to position the product and we're going to have a dedicated team that's working and preparing for 9070 and we'll have a dedicated team for VIVITROL. And as those VIVITROL sales continue to grow, that's going to offset obviously some of the spent. But this is what – two years in front of launch is actually exactly the time that you need to be preparing the market for it and – so I think we're right where we should be in that sense.
Steve Byrne - Bank of America-Merrill Lynch: And with respect to 5461, it is – the potential for going after it first line, does that really depend on whether you bring in a partner to help fund what would be a much larger Phase 3 program?
Richard F. Pops - Chairman and CEO: I think, Steve, from my point of view, it's not. I think it's more driven by our recognition of the current payer and regulatory environment. We think there's a real advantage to going to refractory patient first. From an approval point of view, FDA's risk-benefit equation is different and payer's willingness to reimburse new branded medicine in that space is different than if you are trying to go up front against a panoply of effective generic drugs. I think you can play there longer term, but I think it will be based on a body of clinical evidence in the real world that shows the differentiating features of opioid modulation for the treatment of depression, which will come with time. Mean time that more nested patient population, remember the numbers it's 4 million people in the U.S. it's not like we are going after an orphan indication here. There are 10 million people getting these drugs upfront 4 million are requiring a third medication and 3 million are requiring fourth medication. So I think that's the place to focus, to get the drug approved initially launched.
Rebecca J. Peterson - IR: Well, thanks everyone for dialing in today and if you have any additional questions please don't hesitate to call us here at the company. Have a great day.
Operator: Thank you ladies and gentlemen this concludes today's call. Thank you for participating you may now disconnect at this time.


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Narciso Rodriguez's collection was filled with the unexpected, including the relaxed, DIY looks makeup artist Dick Page and hairstylist Eugene Souleiman created in order to contrast the sharp, graphic clothes.
The Look: "It's bad girl chic, a little destroyed," Page said about the deconstructed makeup. "You can wear it with a jeans and a T-shirt, or with something more." He used a bit of foundation to even out the skin and just a dab of Shiseido Accentuating Color Stick in Bronze Flush (a beige-y bronze cream highlighter) on the cheeks for a hint of color, but the focus was on the eyes. On the back of his hand, he mixed Shiseido Smoothing Eyeliner pencil in black with a teeny drop of Aquaphor ointment, then used an eyeliner brush to trace the creamy mix in a thick line all around the eyes, working it into the lashlines and smudging with a cotton swab to make it look a bit "murky and rough." Why the mixture instead of a cream liner? It smudges better. Page skipped the shadow, applied Shiseido Perfect Mascara in Black to the top and bottom lashes, and slicked on plain balm.
Souleiman was over the updo: "I'm bored of it being up for so many seasons now!" he exclaimed. Instead, raked the front section of the models' hair back, then using the same type of wide brush that colorists use to paint color on hair, coated the front part of the hair with a thick conditioner from the hairline back to the crown. "We're using it instead of serum or gel to coat the hair because the conditioner glistens in a satin way—it's a little harder-looking and cooler than a slicked-back serum look," he said.
The Scene: Sweepy. It was a 9 P.M. show, so everyone was complaining about how zonked they were. Still, Kayne West and Claire Danes looked fresh in the front row, and the beat from Madonna and Justin Timberlake's song "4 Minutes" helped keep everyone awake.
The Lesson: In a pinch, conditioner can double as a styling product.


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Most folks would probably agree that it is about time for Mother Nature to call it quits on winter. Unfortunately, she appears to be more inclined to remind us that it is STILL winter for another few more weeks. The potential for our biggest winter storm yet is increasing as we get closer to this weekend.
The wind is creating quite a bite in the air this afternoon. Gusts have been exceeding 30 mph putting the wind chill down well below 10 degrees. Expect winds to drop off this evening, but the temperature to drop as well. Under clear skies and calming winds, lows could make a run for near 0 degrees! Be sure to bundle up tight on Friday morning. The only consolation is that there will be little to no wind chill by then.
Sunny skies will be the prevailing weather on Friday with highs only topping out again in the 20s. Moisture will increase leading to grey skies developing by the evening hours. Those clouds will keep us warmer for Saturday morning as lows remain in the 20s. A brief teasing warm up will occur on Saturday as highs hit the middle 40s! A passing light rain or snow shower will be possible through the morning and afternoon. No significant bad weather is expected.
All eyes then turn to the second half of the weekend which is looking like no easy walk in the park. Nearly all computer models are pointing towards a massive winter storm from the lower Ohio Valley all the way up into the Northeast on Sunday into Monday. There are still some factors that could make the difference between a moderate or major snowfall in Columbus, but do note that some amount of accumulating snow is likely on Sunday and Sunday night.
It appears as though this system will be a two part storm with the first wave coming Sunday afternoon and a second wave later Sunday night. The first wave is the highest confidence one right now that should bring several inches to the I-70 corridor. There is still a slight chance that some snow may mix with sleet which could cut down totals, but that is beginning to look less likely.
The biggest uncertainty right now is where that second wave of snow hits the hardest. Some forecast models are suggesting Columbus while others have it going just a hair south. At 3-4 days out still, we are certainly within the standard margin of error. This means that it could be a moderate 4-8 inch storm or it could turn into an even bigger snow event. Details will need to be hammered out over the next couple days, but just know that travel is likely to become dangerous going into Sunday and Monday. Stay with examiner.com for the latest details.
Stay connected with Columbus weather by following Mike Groenke on twitter. For the latest Columbus weather updates, click "subscribe" at the top of this page to receive emails when a new story is posted OR bookmark www.examiner.com/weather-in-columbus
columbusweather.examiner –at – gmail.com


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Nice, California
Vacation Rental by Owner
Contact Info: Phone (415) 491-1678 (Calif, USA)
Description: House, 2200 sq. ft., 3 Bedrooms, Sleeps 10, 2 Bathrooms
Amenities: Lake, waterfront, jacuzzi, balcony, pets considered, air-conditioning
Rates per property (USD):
$275 - $350/night
$1,650 - $2100/week
Get ready to relax! Our lovely home is a comfortable spot to enjoy the best qualities of Clear Lake. Located on a quiet road along the shore of the lake, with its own private beach and pier, this well designed home is a wonderful place to vacation. We are located in Nice, CA, nestled in the heart of the Lake County wine country. Ceago Winery and Tulip Hill Winery are only about one a mile away! Robinson Rancheria Casino is 5 minutes away. Holiday Harbor is one block away for launching and securing your boat in a protected harbor. A buoy or the sloping beach is available on site for tying up your jet ski or small boat.
Large yard surrounded by lovely oaks, fire pit on the beach for marshmallow roasting/s'mores, private hot tub, and lighted horseshoe pits.
This 2200 sq ft two story home features 3 bedrooms and a loft with two beds (sleeps 10), and 2 full bathrooms. All linens (blankets/pillows/sheets/towels) are upscale and included. A large high ceiling living room is great for entertaining. Full kitchen with everything you would need to cook a festive dinner! Relax with a bubble bath in the beautiful jetted tub in the master bath. Relax on the balcony overlooking the lake. All you have to bring is your food, clothes, family and friends!
Sunset Beach House has its own pier and fire pit on the 100 foot wide private beach for great sunset views over the lake. Sit back with a glass of wine with family and friends and enjoy! Wildlife and birdlife abound at the lakeshore. Very close to two wineries, town and all the amenities there.
Small dog ok, NO SMOKING
Owner Description
Year Purchased: 2002
Susan & Jon Parkinson live in Marin County with two children aged 11 and 13. Jon owns a business providing accounting software to mid-sized companies. Susan is an independent attorney with offices in San Francisco.
Why the Owner Chose Nice
Beautiful property with waterfront. Great place to bring our kids and enjoy time away from the SF Bay Area. Far enough for a getaway, but not as far as Tahoe.
The Unique Benefits of this House
Walks along the waterfront, boating, wine tasting.


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The Community Garden is alive and well in La Junta in the summer of 2013. The squash and beans are producing, but the tomatoes are a little slow this year, said Steve Nielsen.
Jim Osborn and Nielsen held a meeting on Saturday morning to discuss alternative working plans and next year's preparation efforts. The garden is looking lush and green with the TLC from the row-owning gardeners and water courtesy of Otero Junior College. The garden ordinarily produces more than 2,000 pounds of produce to be contributed to the Associated Charities as well as furnishing the individual gardeners with produce for their use and distribution to friends. Produce from the Community Garden may not be sold for individual profit.
Location, ST | website.com


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Please report any broken links or trouble you might come across to the Webmaster. Please take a moment to let us know so that we can correct any problems and make your visit as enjoyable and as informative as possible.
Asiatic-Pacific Campaigns
|Campaign and Dates
|Campaign and Dates
|Marianas operation
Capture and occupation of Saipan, 11 June to 10 August 1944
Capture and occupation of Guam, 12 July to 15 August1944
|Luzon operations
Luzon attacks, 5 to 7 January 1945,
Formosa attacks, 3 to 4, 9, 15 and 21 January 1945
China Coast attacks, 12 and 16 January 1945
Nansei Shoto attack, 22 January 1945
|Tinian capture and occupation, 20 July to 10 August 1944
|Iwo Jima operations
Assault and occupation of Iwo Jima, 15 to 23 February 1945
|Western Caroline Islands operation
Raids on Volcano-Bonin Islands and Yap Island, 31 August to 8 September 1944
Capture and occupation of southern Palau Islands, 8 to 24 September 1944 Assaults on the Philippine Islands, 9 to 24 September 1944
|Okinawa Gunto operations
Assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto, 24 March to 30 June 1945
5th and 3d Fleet raids in support of Okinawa Gunto, 15 March to 11 June 1945
|Leyte operations
3d Fleet supporting operations Okinawa Attack, 10 October 1944
Northern Luzon and Formosa attacks, 11 to 12 October 1944
Luzon attacks, 20 to 25 November 1944
|3d Fleet operations against Japan, 10 to 18 July and 26 July to 14 August 1945
Navy Occupation Service Medal
China Service Medal (extended)
|Asia - 2 September to 7 October 1945
|21 March to 9 May 1946
|Asia - 19 February to 20 March 1946
|11 to 21 July 1946
|Asia - 18 June to 10 July 1946
|2 August to 3 October 1946
|Asia - 22 July to 1 August 1946
|1 January to 5 March 1947
|Asia - 27 to 31 December 1946
|Asia - 8 to 17 April 1947
|Asia - 26 May to 1 June 1947
|Europe - 25 December 1951 to 12 June 1952
|Europe - 1 February to 21 September 1953
|Europe - 8 May to 23 November 1954
|Europe - 19 May to 31 July 1955
|Europe - 1 August to 25 October 1955
Vietnam War Campaign
|Campaign and Dates
|Vietnam Ceasefire Campaign
19 to 29 January 1973
5 to 13 February 1973
20 February to 2 March 1973
12 to 20 March 1973
|Click On Image
For Full Size Image
|Image Description
|USS Marias (AO-57)
|USS Marias (AO-57) at anchor, circa 1957-1960, location unknown.
US Navy photo from the collection of the US Navy National Museum of Naval Aviation photo No. 2008.122.024
|Robert Hurst
|USS Marias (AO-57) replenishing USS Randolph (CVS-15) and USS Cony (DDE-508) along the Atlantic seaboard while conducting ASW (anti-submarine) operations in September 1960
|Robert M. Cieri
|USS Marias (AO-57), center, refueling USS Blandy (DD-943), left, and USS Lake Champlain (CVS-39), date and location unknown.
|Ron Reeves
|USS Marias (AO-57) at anchor in the harbor at Naples, Italy, late-May 1962.
|Photo by Jack C. Sofield
|USS Marias (AO-57) refueling USS America (CVA-66), to port, and an unidentified Destroyer to starboard, circa late 1965 - early 1966 in the Mediterranean Sea.
|Thomas Becher
|USS Marias (AO-57) refueling USS America (CVA-66) as an unidentified destroyer breaks away after completing her refueling evaluation alongside USS Marias, circa late 1965 - early 1966 in the Mediterranean Sea.
|Thomas Becher
|USS Marias (AO-57) photographed from the flight deck of USS America (CVA-66), 13 February 1966 during underway refueling ops in the Mediterranean Sea.
|Richard Rosenbach LCDR, USN Ret
|USS Marias (AO-57) alongside USS Franklin D. Roosevelt (CVA-42) during an underway replenishment in 1966. Note that many of the aircraft of Attack Carrier Air Wing One (CVW-1) are spotted on deck. Note also other ships of the battle group astern of the FDR.
US Navy photo by PH Denny.
|Robert Hurst
|USS Marias (AO-57), date and location unknown.
|Steve Singlar
|USS Marias (AO-57) at Frederiksted, St Croix, VI, 29 January 1971
|© Richard Leonhardt
|USS Marias (AO-57) at Frederiksted, St Croix, VI, 29 January 1971
|© Richard Leonhardt
|USS Marias (AO-57) moored off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, date unknown.
|Tommy Trampp
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57)
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57) at Genoa, Italy, date unknown.
|Photo by Carlo Martinelli
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57) under way alongside USS Independence (CV-62) during an underway replenishment in the 1970s. Aft of the island is a North American RA-5C Vigilante which was last deployed in Independence in 1977. The two planes between the RA-5C and the island could either be Grumman C-1 Trader COD aircraft or Grumman S-2 Tracker ASW aircraft. As there are two planes, which would be unusual for COD aircraft, the picture was most probably taken in between 1973 and 1975, when Independence had an S-2 Tracker ASW squadron as part of her air group.
US Defenseimagery.mil photo VIRIN: DN-ST-88-03722, a US Navy photo now in the collections of Defense Imagery.
|Robert Hurst
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57) refueling USS Inchon (LPD-2) in October 1975, location unknown.
|Larry B Lynn
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57) at sea, North Atlantic Ocean, October 1976
|© Richard Leonhardt
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57) moored pierside, Bremerhaven, Germany, October 1976.
|Photo by Gerhard L. Mueller-Debus
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57) under way date and location unknown.
|Richard Miller BMCS USNR (Ret)
|USNS Marias (T-AO-57) under way, circa 1970s. location unknown as a civilian-manned MSTS replenishment tanker. Note the
reinforced refueling stations aft.
US Naval History and Heritage Command. Photo # Unknown, courtesy Shipscribe.com.
|Robert Hurst
|USS Marias Plaque and Patch
Contributed by Mike Smolinski
Contributed by Mike Smolinski
|Back To The Navsource Photo Archives Main Page
|Back To The Service Force Ship Type Index
|Back To The Fleet Oiler (AO) Photo Index
|Comments, Suggestions, E-mail Webmaster.
This page is created and maintained by Gary P. Priolo


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I have Freeradius running on Ubuntu 12.04 server, to authenticate iBurst clients of my ISP. It is working fine, the only issue is that I don't know how to manage these clients.
For example if a client has not payed to use Internet, I need to be able to disconnect him/her and reconnect him/her once the payment has been done. The only way that I know is to edit the
/etc/freeradius/users file and comment the
Framed-IP-Address line which is not easy to do every time. Also, I fear that I might accidentally damage the file if I continue accessing it everyday and modifying it.
I would like to know if there is any other way to do this (preferably through a web client). I found one called Dialupadmin web interface, but I don't know if I have to install Freeradius from scratch to be able to use the web interface or if I can just install this and use the existing Freeradius without re-installation.