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|Vandal women 3rd, men 4th at WAC
ARLINGTON, Texas – The Idaho men's and women's track and field teams had five more individual Western Athletic Conference champions, eight first-team, and 11 second-team all-WAC performances on Saturday as the Vandal women finished third and the men finished fourth.
Hannah Kiser, who took home gold in both the women's 10,000-meter and 5,000-meter runs, also earned WAC Track Performer of the Year honors. Barry Britt also completed the 10,000m and 5,000m sweep Saturday, winning the 5,000 in 14:44.77.
"Those two both make it look very easy, and people take that for granted that you can step out on the track and automatically win those," Idaho coach Wayne Phipps said of Britt and Kiser's long-distance performances. "It takes a lot out of you to get physically and mentally back up for another hard race and another long race where lots of things can happen. For them to come back and double up, I was very impressed by them both."
Kyle Rothwell started the day by winning the men's hammer throw with a toss of 198-09. Lauren Schaffer won the women's 800m with a time of 2:07.33 and Liga Velvere won the women's 400m hurdles in 58.89 seconds.
"We had a number of outstanding performances," Phipps said. "With Kyle Rothwell winning the hammer and Lauren Schaffer coming back after a redshirt year last year to defend her title in the 800 was very impressive, and Liga Velvere winning the 400 hurdles."
In addition to Idaho's five individual champions from Saturday, first-team all-WAC performers on the men's side include Ben Ayesy-Attah who finished second in the 400m with a time of 46.69, and Zach Trumbauer, who finished third in the hammer throw after a heave of 181-07. Second-team all-WAC performers on the men's side were Andrew Bloom, who was sixth in the 400m in 48.05 seconds, Rendel Jones, who finished fourth in the triple jump at 48-11, Jeff Osborn, who was sixth in the 1500m in 3:57.82, Jesse Villines, who finished fourth in the 400m hurdles in 52.35 seconds and Blake Gerling, who took sixth in the 400m hurdles in 53.87 seconds.
Tayler Feinhour was Idaho's only female first-team all-WAC performer who didn't take home an individual championship, as her heave of 147-09 in the javelin was good for second. Second-team all-WAC performers on the women's side include Johanna Hocketstaller, who took fifth in the javelin with a toss of 136-05; Ellen Rouse, who finished fourth in the javelin with a throw of 136-07; Keli Hall, who took sixth in the 800m in 2:14.19; Karlene Hurrel, who finished sixth in the 100m in 11.86; and Marquita Palmer, who took fifth in the 1500m in 4:32.98.
The Vandal women finished in third as a team, with 116 points, behind champion Texas State (179) and UT Arlington (140). UTSA finished fourth with 100.50 points, Louisiana Tech finished fifth with 99, New Mexico State was sixth with 96.50, Utah State took seventh with 63 points and Seattle University was eighth with 21 points.
On the men's side, Idaho took fourth place with 125 points, behind champion Texas State (149), Utah State (143) and UTA (136). LA Tech was fifth with 117, UTSA was sixth with 98 points and Seattle U was seventh with 48 points.
"I thought if we had a close to perfect meet then we would have a chance to win on both sides, and I still really believe that was the case," Phipps said. "That happens. When we've won, it's been a combination of a little bit of luck, a little bit of bad luck for some other teams, and our team performing very well. We just didn't get that combo together over these four days. We had a number of amazing performances, I'm really proud of the way our team competed, but we just kept missing out on points that we really needed and we just didn't have enough to keep rebounding back."


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Four Purchase College faculty-staff members received the 2008 SUNY Chancellor's Award for Excellence. They are Dr. Ronnie Leah Scharfman and Professor Michael Torlen for excellence in teaching, Professor Murray Zimiles for excellence in scholarship and creative activities, and Inspector Cynthia Markus-Jones for excellence in professional services.
The Purchase winners will be honored at a convocation ceremony on September 10 where they will receive a Chancellor' Excellence medallion and a certificate.
Dr. Ronnie Leah Scharfman, Riverdale, NY is a Professor of French and Literature in the School of Humanities, who excels as a teacher, mentor and scholar. She has been a member of the Purchase faculty since 1979 and has taught a wide range of courses in French language and literature including Multiple Voices in Diaspora, Surrealism and its Legacy, Classics of French Literature on Film, Literature of the Mediterranean, Literature of the Arab World, and Caribbean Writers, to name a few. She has taught at Yale, New York University and the Graduate Center of CUNY, and has lectured widely to conferences across the United States and Europe. Her prize-winning book on the poet Aime Cesaire is a recognized classic. She is also the author of several other volumes. She uses French films as a teaching tool and to stimulate conversations about French culture and problems being faced in the 21st century. She works with the Friends of Humanities and the annual French Film Festival which is co-sponsored by Purchase and the Alliance Française of Greenwich, CT.
Michael Torlen, Mamaroneck, NY, a member of the Purchase College School of Art+Design faculty since 1972, is also a professional artist. As a teacher he encourages students to develop an individual voice rather than painting in the style of a faculty member. He led the revision of the Painting and Drawing program that emphasizes a blend of the theoretical and studio work. He is an advocate for a broad liberal arts education for professional students in the arts. Professor Torlen's commitment to excellence motivates students to exceed their goals. His work in painting and printmaking is included in such corporate art collections as Chase Manhattan Bank, PepsiCo, IBM and numerous museums: the Newark Museum, the Neuberger Museum of Art, the Housatonic Museum of Art and the Springfield Art Museum in Missouri. He is also working on a textbook about visual perceptions, studio practice and critique.
Murray Zimiles, Millerton, NY, a member of the Purchase School of Art+Design faculty since 1977, is an innovative and productive artist who has created a large body of work in painting, drawing, pastel, both traditional and digital printmaking, and artist books. He has exhibited widely in the US and abroad and is represented in many major collections including: the Museum of Modern Art; the Brooklyn Museum; New York Public Library; the National Collection, Washington, DC; the Collection of Fine Art, University of New South Wales, Australia; the Museum of Modern Art, Haifa, Israel; the Royal Norwegian Government Collection, Norway; and the Tel Aviv Museum, Israel. Author of a number of publications, his Workshops Around the World was the first comprehensive study of fine lithographic production worldwide. His Early American Mills was a pioneering work in the field of industrial archaeology and one of the first works to discuss the reuse of old mill buildings. His most recent project was "Gilded Lions and Jeweled Horses: The Synagogue to the Carousel†an exhibition at the American Folk Art Museum which he co-curated about the role of European-born Jewish woodcarvers and their contribution to Jewish art in American visual culture. The accompanying book received a National Jewish Book Award.
Cynthia Markus-Jones, Smithtown, NY, University Police Inspector, supervises all University Police personnel under the Deputy Chief, including the training of newly hired police recruits following their graduation from the police academy. A graduate of SUNY Plattsburgh, she joined Purchase College as a Public Safety Officer in 1988 and graduated from the NY State University Police/Public Safety Academy in 1990. In 2001, she completed Police Supervisor school at the Westchester County Police Academy. She is responsible for the Community Policing Program, in which she sets the goals and priorities to ensure that students in the residence halls live in a safe environment. She trains students, faculty and staff in the Rape Aggression Defense programs, which she introduced to the campus. She is founder of the Community Policing and Education Program, co-chair of the Personal Safety Committee and is an advisor to the Student Safety Program. She is also co-coordinator of a program to introduce defibrillators to campus buildings and is an instructor for the AAA Defensive Driving Course.

subset: commoncrawl


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What is this bump above my pubic bone?
I have a bump above my pubic bone that doesn't usually hurt, but only shows up when I am standing. I am 26 weeks pregnant with my 2nd child and now I can see veins starting to pop out of bump and a little painful. I had the bump with my 1st pregnancy as well, but no pain and my Dr. didn't seem too concerned. I haven't asked a Dr. about it this time. Has anyone else ever experienced this or have any advice?
Posted: 04/04/2011 by b-raysmom
Answer this question


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When installing surveillance cameras in the forests of Jackson, Miss., Rainer Shattles and his wife Edith were just hoping to catch a few photos of deer or elk. However, upon examining their footage, they say something that left them speechless: an apparent deer UFO encounter. As reported by WLBT-TV on April 3, the mysterious deer UFO images were captured by an infrared camera on the evening of Feb. 16, 2014.
The images have since become the subject for research projects about aliens and unidentified flying objects (UFOs). Cut footage from surveillance cameras show lights, which seem to appear out of nowhere, in the sky in a remote area of Jackson County.
The area, to be precise, is Cumbest Bluff, a remote region in Jackson County, which is not far away from the infamous area where co-workers Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker claimed that they were abducted by aliens while fishing near Pascagoula, Mississippi.
In a news interview with the couple, they really seem surprised, if not alarmed, by the deer UFO sighting that occurred in the vicinity of their home.
"Well at first, I was trying to see if it was something or a reason for what we were seeing. But the more we looked at it, the more we realized that it was something that was in the air, it was something that I had never seen before," Rainer expressed.
In the video, one can see deer near some trees, and then suddenly two very bright lights appear nearby, similar to those of a car. However, the two lights, while maintaining a fixed distance between them, give rise to many doubts because the two bright dots are high off the ground.
The U.S. media is split: some believe this is just a jeep in the distance while others say it may be a drone. But others are still suggesting the simplest explanation: a UFO.
Next: Tom Cruise, Elisabeth Moss marriage urged by Scientology officials?
Suggested Links
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- Moon water: New study stuns researchers, contradicts previous beliefs (+VIDEO)
- Lamborghini Aventador crash shocks witnesses as supercar goes airborne (VIDEO)
- 'Blood moon': Incredible astronomical event expected to amaze viewers


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Emily Stevens
Today is National Camera Day. Say Cheese! Take a pic and post it with
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Dusty's Blog
Call Me "Crazy" 5/6/10
by dhayes
posted May 6 2010 9:18AM
I'm finally starting to believe my wife. She's been calling me an idiot for years, and after last night, her diagnosis is confirmed. I
an idiot! I'm certainly not sane by Einstein's definition: continuing to do the same thing over and over again expecting a different result. I'm idiotically insane because I keep expecting America to vote rationally on American Idol. Think about it.
Casey James
is in the Bottom 3 for two weeks in a row, and he doesn't even make the Bottom 2 last night;
Michael Lynche
, Sinatra Week's best performer, does; along with
Aaron Kelly
, who had one of the better performances Tuesday night. Ultimately, little Ed Norton, Jr., got the heave-ho. Cathy, our wonderful receptionist, encapsulated the entire show this morning. She said, "They paid
Lady Gaga
$250,000 for
?!" Yep, and for a lame remake of "La Isla Bonita" at that. American Idol is officially off the rails now. Tuesday night's audience of 17 million was the lowest since 2002. I, for one, am not inspired by any of the remaining contestants. But, as the intrepid blogger that I am, I'll continue to slog through to the bitter end. Don't you know that
is just itching to be out of there? And it looks like just in time, too.
How I Rank Them (Idiot That I Am)
Lee DeWyze--
Only because he's the judges' pet.
Crystal Bowersox--
By all rights should be the winner.
Casey James--
Only because he's so cute—whatever.
Michael Lynche--
Still the most talented of the bunch.
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Celebrating heels & the women who wear them.
Chic, classic and totally up to date; this ZiGi style will be the apple of your eye. A gorgeous leopard print fabric creates this versatile upper while a slight 3 1/2 inch wedge and rounded toe brings you a perfect work of day pump.


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I have a scenario based question...Something , I haven't faced till now ,but i would be interested to know the answer.
If i have assigned a luns (say, of 50 GB) and put them in storage group.However, the windows server team did not grab that lun but sent an acknowledgment saying the Luns are alingned.
I would like to know what will happen to the Luns that belong to the SG ..in my opinion they will remain in the SG as unassigned Luns ..or is there a possibility that the lUns will move back to the storage.


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Last original member of seminal punk rock band Ramones dies at 65
NEW YORK — The Ramones always seemed too fast. Their songs rushed by, often two minutes or less of pure adrenaline. Their influence outstripped their sales. And now, with the death of drummer Tommy, all four original members of the seminal punk rock band are gone.
Tommy Ramone, born Erdelyi Tamas in Budapest, Hungary, died Friday at age 65, said Dave Frey, who works for Ramones Productions and Silent Partner Management. Frey had no further details.
Johnny, Joey, Dee Dee and Tommy Ramone, taking their surname from an alias Paul McCartney used to check into hotels, formed in Queens, N.Y. in 1974. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame members were among the leaders of the original punk rock movement with songs like "I Wanna Be Sedated," "Blitzkrieg Bop" and "Rockaway Beach."
Wearing ripped jeans, black leather and bad haircuts, the Ramones stripped rock down to its essentials: two guitars, drums, a singer and no solos. Their 1976 debut album had 14 songs in less than 30 minutes, with "Now I Wanna Sniff Some Glue" and "Beat on the Brat" reflecting their twisted teen years.
Their taste also reflected a love for early 1960s rock, before it became "progressive."
The Ramones never had a Top 40 hit, although not for lack of trying. They brought in the eccentric Phil Spector to produce an album. After seeing the Ramones in Asbury Park, N.J., Bruce Springsteen wrote "Hungry Heart" for them — then kept it for himself when his manager smelled a hit.
"This is art," Tommy wrote in the liner notes for a Ramones compilation. "Sometimes it doesn't sell at first. Sometimes it takes a while for the world to catch on."
Their concerts were a bolt of energy, songs tumbling upon one another. "Hello, Schenectady!" Joey shouted upon taking the stage in Syracuse, N.Y., one night in the late 1970s, before Dee Dee let loose with the familiar, rapid-fire "1-2-3-4" call that signaled the music's start.
Upstate New York city. Starts with an 'S.' Close enough.
Bands like Nirvana, Blink-182 and Green Day — who inducted the Ramones into the rock hall — came later and did sell, with sounds unimaginable without the Ramones' influence.
Now, teenagers not yet born when the Ramones played their last gig in 1996, perhaps even unaware of their legacy, wear black T-shirts to the mall emblazoned with the band's distinctive insignia.


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City to enter race for Bale?
- 28 February 2013 08:52
- Posted by @porter_mcfc
Gareth Bale dominates the City media reports today, after dominating Tottenham headlines for months.
The Welshman has been enjoying a magnificent few weeks at White Hart Lane leading to inevitable speculation about a possible summer move, and the Blues have now been linked.
Charles Perrin writes in the Daily Express: "Real Madrid have a long-standing interest in Bale, and the increasing feeling amongst Spurs supporters is that the Bernabeu will be his next destination.
"But Manchester City are lining up a bumper offer, which could be in excess of £40m.
"Goal ascertains Roberto Mancini is pushing his board to make a move for Bale.
"However, they do state that City's director of football Txiki Begiristain believes Bale will be too expensive for the Premier League champions and will ready bids for Neymar or Radamel Falcao."
Elsewhere, the Blues could miss out on Edinson Cavani as he opens talks with Real Madrid – according to the Daily Mail.
Sami Mokbel reports: "The Uruguay striker is Roberto Mancini's No 1 target with the Italian desperate for more firepower since losing Mario Balotelli to AC Milan.
"Mancini is set for a busy summer in the transfer market but Real have now emerged as serious contenders to land Cavani at the end of the season.
"Sportsmail understands Bernabeu executives have opened talks with Cavani's advisors over a money-spinning swoop."
Remember, we'll be the first to bring you any official transfer news on mcfc.co.uk!
Finally, Sergio Aguero has been telling the press that City continue to progress in the right direction, and has added his voice to the growing number claiming that this team are not ready to call the title race finished yet.
The Mirror's David Anderson writes: "Aguero claims the players can learn as much from these setbacks as from their triumphs and says they must take on board these lessons.
"'With experience, we will be able to grow even more year by year and whatever happens this season, we will learn from it and use it to our advantage.'
"The South American adds they have not given up on the title, no matter how daunting United's lead looks.
"'This is a team that always goes for the win in every game,' he said. 'We've got a squad littered with great players fully committed to their team, proud and ready to fight back from any setbacks.'
"'We've proven it before and I can't see why we couldn't do it once more.'"
Bring on the next game!


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- 64
Tue 3rd Aug, 2010 in Features
Every night, hundreds of men hook up inside Sex On Premises Venues across Australia. Some are out and proud members of our gay community, while others have a wife and kids at home. Same Same probes the places guys go to get off.
Studies have found that the majority of men under 60 think about sex at least once a day. The theory is that men are 'hard wired' to have more sex in order to pass on their genetic material. But if sex is only for passing your genetics onto the next generation, where does that leave gay men?
Often portrayed as sex hungry beasts on the prowl for whatever we can get, some people still believe gay men are ready to seduce heterosexuals into our clutches or worse, rape men who wont submit.
The reality of the situation is that there are many men who find themselves in same-sex situations that may not, or never will, identify as gay. Bisexuality, while strangely mistrusted some gay men, seems far more common now than in modern history. Then there are the men who engage in sexual activity with other men and never identify as gay or bisexual. These 'men who have sex with men' (MSM) choose not to accept the social identifier of 'gay' for a variety of reasons, from cultural pressure to a lack of identification with LGBT culture. Many of these men fall between the cracks of Gay and Heterosexual, but like any other man have similar urges and needs.
Finding each other
So if men have these primal urges to engage in sex, often with people of the same gender, how would you go about meeting these possible sex partners? 200 years ago when homosexuality was illegal your options were limited.
There are records of men meeting other men for sex dating back to the fifth-tenth century, back when public communal bathing was common. The public baths were a Greek tradition way back in the sixth century BC and while in the West public bathing is pretty uncommon, it still occurs in some European and Asian cultures.
While bath houses were often a place for men to meet like minded men for a bit of 'how's your father?', it was certainly not limited to them – gyms, public parks, movie theatres and toilet blocks were also possible cruising areas… and while homosexuality was illegal, some entrepreneurial business owners were prepared to overlook activity in their venues for the money it bought in and sex on premises venues (or SOPV's) were officially born.
Described as 'places where it was safe to be gay', it's the real reason it was 'fun to stay at the YMCA'. Safer did not always mean safe though, with some venues seeing regular raids by the police with both patrons and owners appearing before the courts in both America and Europe.
With the rise of the gay rights movement there was a sharp decline in raids on venues which allowed homosexual activity, largely due to the difficulty in prosecuting the patrons of the venue, along with the lack of interest from the general public in such "victimless" crimes.
With the last of the raids occurring in the early 2000s, only in China has there been a raid in the last five years.
Local hotspots
In Australia the first gay Sauna was the Bondi Junction Steam Baths, which opened in 1967.
In most saunas all patrons are given a locker in which they put their clothes, and wear a towel around their waist (or over the shoulder if they want to show off the goods!). With saunas you often have access to facilities like steam rooms, spas and, in some, swimming pools.
Of course, not all SOPV's are saunas. Cruise Clubs provide a different atmosphere. Patrons keep their clothes on (for most of the time) and the venue tends to be made up more of a maze, with private cubicles available for use, some even with theme rooms.
Whatever the venue, lighting is usually kept low to set the mood, and there is always a 'dark area'.
Australia's oldest running SOPV is Ken's Karate Klub, affectionately known as Ken's or KKK. The venue was recently in the spotlight after NSW transport manager David Campbell was filmed leaving there one night. A media circus ensued with even a heterosexual Daily Telegraph reporter visiting the venue and giving his 'horrified' accounts of what he saw go on there (which if you read the article, was very little).
While police raids of SOPV's no longer occur it seems the media can cause just as much damage to the business of a venue. Originally the idea for this article started all the way back in March of this year, but it was almost impossible to chat to someone who owned or ran a SOPV. I contacted both Ken's in Sydney and Club 80 in Melbourne but even after repeated calls no one wanted to chat.
Sauna sessions
Luckily I managed to catch the guys from Bay City Saunas who run a group of saunas across Melbourne ranging from inner city, suburban and outer suburbs, including arguably the best gay sauna in Australia, Wet On Wellington.
Shane Gardner, has been working for Wet On Wellington for a number of years, but before that was a customer of the venue himself. "I had been going to SOPV's since about 1996. I was a late bloomer and didn't come out 'till then! I got to know the owners at Wet and after a few years they asked me to become a manager. I had a background in bus management which I had worked in for 28 years.
"With this particular venue we are designing it more around a social place, rather than just being a SOPV. We get a lot of people who come in on the weekends who just want to relax and be entertained, relax in the courtyard and sun deck area and use the swimming pool. The cruising area is really secondary to them.
"Somewhere like Wet On Wellington, Monday to Friday, the majority of our customers, probably around 80%, don't identify as gay. On weekends the majority identify as gay because they are out at the clubs, but on Monday to Friday they are business people, husbands, that kind of thing. And you need to cater to them – those who are just 'blow and go'. They just come in, do their stuff and they are out again.
"But then there are those who come in, and want to feel part of the scene, they want to feel they belong somewhere. So they want to come and stay and be entertained. They want to feel safe and feel good about themselves, have a drink, watch some telly, have a swim in the pool, without the rush or hiding or that sort of thing. They want to talk, they don't want to feel they have to fly under the radar like you do with some other saunas.
"The best promotion is word-of-mouth but that does not always happen. If someone comes in and doesn't get their rocks off, then they might conclude there must be something wrong with the venue, not that they are ugly or anything!" Shane laughs. "Reality strikes. They might say 'Wet on Wellington is crap, no one wants to play there!' Its just like any other business, it does not matter if we are selling cars or whatever, its important that we are a professional organisation. We strive to provide all our clients with a safe and secure venue that is clean and tidy."
Getting Wet
Adam Hinds has been manager of Wet in Brisbane (no relation to the Melbourne sauna) for eight years out of the thirteen years it has been open."Wet Spa and Sauna is located in Bowen Hills just outside the fortitude valley area in Brisbane. It's on two levels – our facilities include a swimming pool, steam room, dry sauna and spa. There's a cafe with free internet terminals, a dark maze area, sling room, lots of private rooms, glory hole rooms and a porn lounge area," Adam explains.
"In my view a good SOPV is a clean one with condoms and lube readily available, friendly staff, fitted out with quality furnishings and well maintained. It is nice to see a venue put money back into its business for its customers' comfort.
"They are a safe place to go without the worry of harassment or fear. You can remain anonymous, You can meet guys you won't find out on the scene and you can see who you are negotiating sex with for real unlike a five year old photograph on the net.
"One of the biggest challenges is getting the safe sex message across to people," he adds. Openly gay guys tend to already be quite knowledgeable, but a lot of clientele are bi, and don't have the exposure to safe sex campaigns. Venues and beats are the only point at which they come into contact with the gay community."
SOPVs used to be thought of as a cash cows, but whilst they are still viable businesses, gay men have more avenues to search for sex these days, says Adam.
"The internet has had a massive effect not just on SOPV's but the whole gay scene. Once upon a time guys would ether go to a gay club or sex venue in hope of meeting guys, whereas now they don't even have to leave the front door!"
I ask Adam what challenges he thinks SOPV face in the future. Will technology see the fall of the SOPV as we know it today?
"We have seen the rise of the internet, more venues and private sex parties, and I think now we are seeing mobile technology with location services such as iPhone it's getting easier and easier to find other like minded men," he replies.
"But even if you find someone on the internet you still need a place to go! I think venues need to show value for money, have a good presence in media, and as with most types of business need to be driven. I think we will find SOPV's around for many more years to come."
Are you a sauna-goer?
"'Ooh creepy!" Jaymes responds when I ask him about SOPV's. From Brisbane, Jaymes is 23 and self described as an 'experimental artist, bottle shop attendant and professional procrastinator'. Jaymes has never been into a SOPV. "I just imagine someone rubbing me up and going 'Hey baby!' and honestly I'd have no idea what to do. And in the dark what's more! It's too impersonal.
"I don't have sex with people I don't know or trust or want something a little more from. There's a scene in Latter Days where he's trying to have a conversation with the guy licking out his ass that sums it up for me. I have always been of the opinion that SOPV are only for people who are in the closet, sex addicts or as my new house mate says, 'go at the quiet times to pick off the leftovers because they can't get any otherwise'. Like hyenas and vultures at a corpse."
Jaymes tells me he is in a relationship at the moment, but has never really been into the hook-up thing. "Occasionally a gay guy will come along in my social circles that takes an interest in me but I closed my Manhunt and only check Gaydar when I get messages. I miss the Mogenic days from when I was a kid. People got to know you as a friend and if they liked you they'd take you out for a picnic, get all close and cuddly and they wouldn't disappear off the face of the earth once you had sex or suddenly remember they already had a boyfriend."
No longer ashamed
29-year-old Andrew from Brisbane is working in the mining sector. He occasionally uses SOPVs and says he sometimes feels ashamed. "It's almost an admission of failure and the last resort. Like I can't manage to hold down a relationship, pick up in nightclub, meet someone or get a hit on Gaydar. So desperation sets in and at some point during a night out I make my way to the closest SOPV.
"This is really only an opinion I held after I broke up with my serious boyfriend. He was quite snobbish and influenced me to think that SOPV's were shameful.
"Prior to that I'd had quite a bit of fun in both Sydney and Melbourne. Namely upstairs at the Peel which was a fave! I'm starting to become more comfortable with myself once again, and have realised what I think of myself is all that matters! And if I meet/see someone in an SOPV, what's to be ashamed of? We're both there! I think they will start to become more regular in my life – especially given the lack of talent on Gaydar.
"I predominantly hook up in nightclubs, sometimes with disastrous results. But it at least gives me some entertaining stories to tell! Clubs combine my three favourite things – alcohol, stupid dancing and the possibility of sex. Hence why I loved the Peel so much," he laughs.
"I used Gay.com chat a lot early on, and have used Gaydar occasionally for hook ups, but some bad experiences/stupid decisions have turned me off using them. Plus, an SOPV is a much easier option for sex right now. I've never picked up off Grindr… oh wait… I ended up chatting to my neighbour one night, but nothing happened until a few days later when we had dinner! Other than that it's not really worked for me.
"Considering that we are increasingly finding ways to distance ourselves from people, I think they [SOPVs] are still very important. For me it really is about having the confidence to use one. There are many other ways to have anonymous sex, but at an SOPV you don't have to worry about trusting their profile, real life is always sexier than an LCD screen.
"With the rise of fake profiles and forums trolls, I think there is a general movement away from the dating/hook-up sites, and the rise in popularity of Grindr, people generally live there lives online. Between work, study, Facebook, SameSame, Skype, and updating Twitter on my touch screen phone I am never disconnected and rarely not in front of a screen.
"I think the pendulum has really swung way too far towards online life and people are getting sick of it. We are starting to swing back to a more normal state of being. Similar to the "gay scene" fatigue, I think online fatigue is a reality."
Cutting to the chase
Raz is 33 and living in Sydney. He tells me he has never really been into socialising in the gay scene. "I'll go out because my friends go out but I'm not really into that as a scene, so I don't really ever go out and pick up at clubs! I basically started using SOPV's as an alternative to sitting in a club with shit music and drag shows that I hate, for a chance to get a root at the end of it! SOPVs basically cut to the chase.
Raz tells me that a good SOPV is a clean one. "I think them not being skanky and dirty is a good start! I have been to a couple of saunas that are so freaking gross that you don't want to touch anything because you'll catch god knows how many diseases. I think a good chill-out space is good too. When I was with my first boyfriend we used to just go to Club 80 in Melbourne and chill out there because it was just good time on our own and to get away from our families."
Does Raz feel that SOPVs are still relevant in modern gay culture with the rise of the internet? "I think they are super relevant! For one thing I think they are good for guys who are not into the scene and people who do not identify as being gay. It's a better alternative to trolling parks at midnight and you don't have to worry about gay bashers. It's a safe environment and all types of guys go there.
"There is also lot less of the body fascism thing you get elsewhere. Its just a generally more accepting environment. And because people are just going there for sex I think that breaks down a lot of social barriers that you face when you go out to night clubs and bars.
"In terms of comparing it to the internet, I think its all right there. You're not driving out heading to meet up with someone, its all right there in the building, so if you want to have sex with somebody you have sex with them. You don't have to organise to meet them and have that weird talk like 'What are you into?', 'I'm really into Twilight', 'Really? I hate Twilight,' etc.
"Its more like 'oh you want a root? I want a root… lets go.' And sometimes without even having to talk at all!"


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Note Worthy
Monster Jam Fest, hope for all-ages shows and Oxnard Music Walk
By Michel Miller 09/27/2012
Aaron Orbit is going to Toronto, Canada, to perform during Indie Week in mid-October. He will kick off his travels to foreign lands (and celebrate his birthday) with a show at Bombay Bar and Grill on Friday, Sept. 28, with Carlism, Space Panther, LEAGUES and Dante's Elephant. Jeff Hershey and the Heartbeats are currently touring Europe with dates in Germany, Spain, Italy, France and the Netherlands. Hershey said he's excited to finally meet some Euro fans face to face.
Going Places
Affirm Records in Santa Paula is celebrating a handful of summer releases, including a duet by the Charles Law Band featuring Delaney Gibson on the song "Crazy Girl" and a cowboy poetry hymn by Andrea Kidd that we can't wait to hear. Army of Freshmen has finished its record Happy to Be Alive ,which frontman Chris Jay says is the band's best and "most rockin'" record to date. The band also shot a video in the historic Gardner Building earlier this month for the song "Ava." The single and video will be released Oct. 16; the full record is due Nov. 13. The Shoddy Cons are finally in the studio after years of consistent local gigging. Frontman Graco Hernandez said the music is done and the band is finishing up vocals. They hope to be finished in late October. Punkers Stop Breathing just released a video for the song "What I Want" from their debut album, which is getting a nice push from No Idea records.
Save for Rock City Studios in Camarillo, Zoey's on occasion, and random hardcore shows in secret locations, Ventura County's music scene has been notoriously lacking in venues for underage audiences, but there may be a tiny light at the end of the tunnel. In tandem with the debut of its tasty new burger bar, Bombay Bar and Grill has been booking a few early shows, allowing the younger-than-21 crowd to see some of the region's more popular musical acts and grab a bite to eat. Movie Town in midtown Ventura is putting the final touches on a stage in its back room as owner Josh Berman prepares to host all-ages shows there. Stay tuned.
All-Ages Update
Local hard rockers Angie's Curse need 500 people to contribute just $5 to a Kickstarter campaign so the band can finally get a record made. At press time, they were approaching 20 percent of their goal. The deadline is Thursday, Oct. 6. Can ya help a goth out? Go to Kickstarter and search Angie's Curse. With less than a week left to raise $15,000 toward recording costs, young singer-songwriter Britney Christian could use a wee miracle. If she doesn't make it, maybe she should consider auditioning for The Voice — she has the pipes to wow. Speaking of The Voice, Lee Koch, whom we still consider a local, campaigned hard for help funding his record and managed to surpass his $24,000 goal. Congrats Lee!
Producer, vocalist and entrepreneur Jace Martin is planning the first Oxnard Music Walk on Saturday, Oct. 13, 6 p.m. The event, which will begin a series, is based loosely on New Orleans-style street ambience and will feature a variety of acts performing R&B, funk and hip-hop, including Caliente, Cosolive, LG and Unwritten and Riley Real. Martin, who owned the Cajun Country Café in Oxnard some years ago, would like to incorporate busking, spoken word and zydeco into the event in hopes of celebrating the city's cultural richness and diversity. "You can go down Bourbon Street, and see 20 bands in a two- block radius," he said, explaining his inspiration. For more information, visit www.downtownoxnard.org. There's yet another new kid in town and he has some Monster plans. Ezio Van Horst, a 37-year-old entrepreneur from Simi Valley, is putting on the first Monster Jam Fest at the Ventura County Fairgrounds Oct. 26-28. The all-ages, family-friendly Halloween celebration will feature a 2,000-square-foot haunted house comparable to the Seaside Haunt of years past (no affiliation), carnival rides, pumpkin patch and a battle of the bands culminating with a metal concert on the third day featuring P.O.D., Static-X, Exodus, Prong, Cherri Bomb and headliner Hell Yeah featuring members of Mudvayne and Pantera. The winner of the battle of the bands will be put on the Sunday bill. Though news of the event has spread a little via word of mouth in Ventura, Van Horst told VCReporter that 700 tickets have already sold. Admission will be $7 on Friday and Saturday and $65 for the Sunday concert with unlimited rides. For more information and to register for the battle, visit www.monsterjamfest.com.
NoteWorthy is a monthly column dedicated to developments in Ventura County's music scene. If you have a tip, write to Michel or give her a call.
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International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 389874, 7 pages
A Hot-Area-Based Selfish Routing Protocol for Mobile Social Networks
School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Received 8 November 2012; Accepted 11 December 2012
Academic Editor: Ming Liu
Copyright © 2013 Haigang Gong and Xiaomin Wang. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Data delivery in mobile social network is a challenging task due to the nodal mobility and intermittent connectivity. It is natural to utilize the inherent social properties to assist in making forwarding decisions. However, existing routing schemes seldom consider selfishness of nodes and assume that nodes are willing to forward messages for others. In the real world, most people are selfish and nodes attached to people behave selfishly too. Based on the regularity of human behavior, we propose a hot-area-based selfish routing protocol (HASR) tailored for mobile social networks in this paper. Data transmission is based on the active degree of the node, which is calculated by the weight of hot areas that nodes will visit, when there are no selfish nodes. When nodes behave selfishly, routing decision is made by the contribution index that indicates the contributions to data transmissions of the network made by nodes. Simulation results show that HASR performs better when nodes behave selfishly.
1. Introduction
The portal devices such as smart phone, laptop, and tablet computer have been very popular in the world with the rapid development of the technologies of wireless communication and integrated circuit. These devices with the wireless capabilities such as Bluetooth, WiFi, or 3G are often carried by people and cooperate with each other to form an ad hoc network for exchanging and sharing their data. Social behavior analysis has been introduced to resolve the routing issues when nodes are attached to the human and could achieve better performance by using social relationship or human behavior in real life environment. Hui et al. [1] named the network Pocket Switch Networks (PSNs), a type of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) [2]. Because there have been some inherent social features in the network, the network is also called Mobile Social Networks (MSNs).
Since mobile social networks have the great potentials of collaborative data exchanging, opportunistic routing for MSNs has attracted a great interest. Unfortunately, it is hard to find an end-to-end path between the source node and the destination node in the networks and the network is usually intermittently connected due to the nodal mobility and the spare distribution of nodes, which pose great challenges for data delivering in mobile social networks. Different from traditional delay tolerant networks, nodes in mobile social networks are often controlled by people so that nodes have some social features due to the social relationships or social ties among people. It is natural to utilize the inherent social properties to assist in making forwarding decisions.
Some institutes try to find social properties of the mobile social networks in the real world based on the data set collected from the portable devices attached to human, for example, Reality Mining [3], Topology Discovery [4], and Haggle [5]. And there have been lots of routing strategies for mobile social networks, such as LABEL [6], BUBBLE [7], SimBet [8], Peoplerank [9], and PLBR [10], which all employ the social network properties to help message forwarding. However, in the previous routing techniques, there is a common assumption that all nodes in the network are unselfish and coordinated. That is to say, each node is willing to receive and relay the messages sent by other nodes. In the real world, most people are selfish and there would be some selfish nodes dominated by human. For example, the resources (energy, buffer, bandwidth, etc.) of nodes are usually limited and nodes try to preserve their own resources while just consuming the resources of other nodes. Besides, most people are willing to forward messages for nodes with whom they have social relationship. Social selfishness will affect node behaviors.
In this paper, we propose a Hot-Area-based Selfish Routing protocol (HASR) tailored for mobile social networks. Based on the regularity of human behavior, which people may visit some locations regularly and would spend more time at a few specific locations than other locations, HASR proposes a scheme to resolve routing issue for the network with selfish nodes.
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses related works. Section 3 describes the system model. Section 4 introduces the details of HASR. Section 5 shows the simulation results of HARP. Section 6 concludes the paper and presents the future work.
2. Related Work
In the recent years, social structures have been used to help forwarding in intermittently connected networks and there have been a lot of studies on data gathering for social networks . Routing techniques in mobile social networks could be classified into two categories: social relationship based approach and human behavior-based approach.
2.1. Social Relationship Based Approach
In the real world, there are inherent social relationships between people such as relatives, friends, colleagues, schoolmates, and so forth. The relationships usually maintain stable in a long period of time. Based on the social relationships, message could be forwarded efficiently.
Hui and Crowcroft have proposed a routing algorithm called LABEL which takes advantage of communities for routing messages [6]. LABEL partitions nodes into communities based on only affiliation information. Then ach node in the network has a label telling others about its affiliation. A node only chooses to forward messages to destinations, or to the next-hop nodes belonging to the same group (same label) as the destinations. LABEL significantly improves forwarding efficiency over oblivious forwarding using their dataset, but it lacks a mechanism to move messages away from the source when the destinations are socially far away.
BUBBLE combines knowledge of the community structure with knowledge of node centrality to make forwarding decisions [7]. Centrality in BUBBLE is equivalent to popularity in real life, which is defined as how frequently a node interacts with other nodes. People have different popularities in the real life so that nodes have different centralities in the network. Moreover, people belong to small communities like in LABEL. When two nodes encounter, the node forward the message up to the node with higher centrality (more popular node) in the community until it reaches the same level of centrality as the destination node. Then, the message can be forwarded to the destination community at the same ranking (centrality) level. BUBBLE reduces the resource consumption compared to Epidemic and PRoPHET. However, this reduction may not be large since the ranking process creates significant communication overhead. In addition, this protocol still uses multicopy forwarding which means that it is not efficient in terms of resource consumption.
SimBet presented in [8] makes routing decisions by centrality (betweenness) and similarity of nodes. Centrality means popularity as in BUBBLE. More specifically, the centrality value captures how often a node connects nodes that are themselves not directly connected. Similarity is calculated based on the number of common neighbors of each node. SimBet routing exchanges the preestimated centrality and locally determined similarity of each node in order to make a forwarding decision. The forwarding decision is taken based on the similarity Utility Function (SimUtil) and Betweenness Utility unction (BetUtil). When nodes contact with each other, the node selects the relay node with higher SimBet utility for a given destination.
LocalCom proposed by Li and Wu [11] is a community-based epidemic forwarding scheme in disruption-tolerant network. LocalCom detects the community structure using limited local information and improves the forwarding efficiency based on the community structure. It defines similarity metrics according to nodes' encounter history to depict the neighboring relationship between each pair of nodes. A distributed algorithm, which only utilizes local information, is then applied to detect communities and the formed communities have strong intracommunity connections.
In social-greedy [12], forwarding decision is made by the closeness and social distance. Closeness is calculated by the common attributes (address, affiliation, school, major, city, country, etc.) of the two nodes. The more common attributes, the closer the two nodes. Social-greedy forwards a message to the next node if it is socially closer to the destination. Social-greedy outperforms the LABEL protocol. However, the delivery ratio of Epidemic and BUBBLE is better than social-greedy.
2.2. Social Relationship Based Approach
Another social-based routing strategy employs the regularity of human behavior to aid in routing decision.
Liu presents a cyclic MobiSpace [13], which is a MobiSapce where the mobility of the node exhibits a regular cyclic pattern there exists a common motion cycle for all nodes. In a cyclic MobiSpace, if two nodes were often in contact at a particular time in previous cycles, then the probability that they will be in contact around the same time in the next cycle is high. Based on this phenomenon, Routing in Cyclic MobiSpace (RCM) scheme is proposed. Routing decision is made by the Expected Minimum Delay (EMD), which is the expected time that an optimal forwarding scheme takes to deliver a message at a specific time from a source to a destination, in a network with cyclic and uncertain connectivity. When nodes contact, messages would be relayed to the next-hop with minimum EMD.
Liu et al. consider that there are preference locations that people visit frequently and they propose preference location-based routing strategy (PLBR) [10]. Firstly, PLBR provides the approach of acquiring one's preference locations and then calculates the closeness metric which is used to measure the degree of proximity of any two nodes is proposed. On the basis of that the data forwarding algorithm is presented. The closeness is defined to indicate the similarity of the preference locations that the two nodes visit. The higher the closeness of the two nodes is, the more the common preference locations they are. If the closeness of the two nodes is high, the probability of the two nodes contact is high. The messages would be forwarded to the next hop with the highest closeness. However, the calculation of the closeness requires the preference locations of the destination node, introducing large network overheads.
An expected shortest path routing (ESPR) [14] scheme improves PLBR by utilizing the stable property of humans that they have preference locations in their mobility traces, and the direct distance between node pairs can be calculated according to the similarity of their location visiting preferences. Then an expected shortest path length (ESPL) can be achieved by Dijkstra's algorithm. Messages are forwarded to nodes which are closer to the destination than the previous nodes in the message delivery history. In addition, ESPR also employs the priority of message in the queue management.
CSI [15] is a behavior-oriented service as a new paradigm of communication in mobile human networks, which is motivated by the tight user-network coupling in future mobile societies. In such a scenario, messages are sent to inferred behavioral profiles, instead of explicit IDs. At first, user behavioral profiles are constructed based on traces collected from two large wireless networks, and their spatio-temporal stability is analyzed. The implicit relationship discovered between mobile users could be utilized to provide a service for message delivery and discovery in various network environments. CSI shows that user behavioral profiles are surprisingly stable. Leveraging such stability in user behaviors, the CSI service achieves delivery rate very close to the delay-optimal strategy with minimal overhead.
3. System Model
3.1. Network Model
Assuming that in an city scenario, the city is divided into several areas by the road. Each area has a unique ID. As shown in Figure 1, there are 10 areas such as .
Definition 1 (hot area). A hot area is the zone in which nodes stay for a long period of time and visit frequently. Each area has its own weight call hot degree and a hot area has the higher hot degree. In city, the hot areas include the downtown, scenic spot, and so forth. In school, the dormitory, canteen, and library are hot areas for students.
Definition 2 (hot degree). Hot degree denotes the popularity of a hot area or the attraction for the mobile nodes. The more the hot degree is, the more frequently the area is visited.
3.2. Mobility Model
Based on the regularity of human behavior, the mobility of all nodes is assumed to follow the schedule-based mobility model described in [16], where each node carries a unique schedule that describes its whole day journey. Each item of the schedule indicates when and where the node will be. As shown in Table 1, the node arrives at on 8:00 and stays in for 100 minutes. Then the node leaves for and will reach on 10:00. A node moves only according to its schedule and it moves from the current location towards the next one in its schedule.
Whether a node is selfish or not could be determined by different metrics. For example, a node behaves selfishly when most of its resources have been depleted. When the resources of the node are consumed much, the node only delivers message for the node that relay message for itself before. The selfishness of the node could also be determined by the social relationship between nodes. A node only relays the message from nodes with strong relationships (e.g., friends, classmates, and colleagues) among them and is not willing to transfer the message for strangers. Without loss of generality, we assume that the node is selfish only when its energy is lower than a predefined threshold in this paper.
4. HASR Design
HASR modifies and extends our previous work HARP [17]. Data forwarding in HASR is based on the active degree and the contribution index of the node. When the energy of the node is enough, data forwarding is determined only by the active degree of the node. When the energy of the node is consumed too much, the node behaves selfishly and routing decision is based on the contribution index.
4.1. Hot Degree
Hot degree of an area reflects the popularity of the area and the attraction for the mobile nodes. There are more nodes in the area with higher hot degree, which means there are more chances to meet the destination node in the area. Obviously, the hot degree of an area varies with time but it fluctuates a little for a long period of time. Assuming that there are nodes entering into an area per unit time, the residence time of node in the area is . Then the hot degree could be expressed by where is the normalization hot degree of the area and is the number of the areas. As in (1), the hot degree is proportional to the number of nodes visiting the area and inversely proportional to the mean time staying in the area of these nodes. The more the number of nodes visiting the area, the higher probability to forwarding message is. By contrast, the mean time staying in the area indicates the activity of the area. The higher the mean residence time is, the less probability to leave for another area is.
How to get the hot degree of the areas is a fundamental problem for HASR. Hot degree of the area could be acquired from the data set collected from the real world for a long period of time such as Reality Mining project. Based on the data set, we can learn the number of nodes visiting each area and the residence time that they stay in that area. Then hot degree of the area can be calculated by (1). Table 2 shows an example of the hot degree of different locations in school.
4.2. Active Degree
In HASR, data forwarding decision is decided by the active degree of the node, which indicates the visiting frequency of the areas. As mentioned before, each node follows an agenda schedule like in Table 1. As in Table 1, the first column denotes that the areas the node will visit today; the second column is the time to arrive at the area; and the third column indicates the residence time that the node stays in the area. Then the active degree of the node is defined as the sum of the hot degree of the areas that the node will visit later today, where , , and are the values of the th item of the agenda schedule table; is the number of items of the table; is the current time. The condition means that the node stays in the area and the previous items in the table is invalid. For instance, as in Table 1, if the current time is 11:30, the first item is invalid and the second time will be invalid 30 minutes later. When computing the active degree of nodes, the invalid items should be removed.
The active degree of the node reflects the capability to relay messages. Higher the active degree means the node is more popular and there is more chance to meet the destination node. When two nodes encounter with each other, messages will be transferred to the node with the higher active degree.
4.3. Contribution Index
When the energy of the node is enough, forwarding decision is only decided by the active degree of the node. However, if the energy of the node is lower than a preset value, the node should behave selfishly to save its energy and routing decision is made by the contribution index of the node. That is to say, messages from the node with the more contribution to the network should be delivered when the next hop behaves selfishly.
The contribution index (CI) indicates the contributions to the data transmissions of the network and consists of two parts: network contribution and contribution for specific node. The network contribution can be determined by the number of messages generated by itself and the number of messages that it receives from other nodes and relays to the next hop. Similarly, the contribution for specific node could be decided by the number of messages that it sends to a specific node and the number of messages that the specific node sends to it.
Contribution index can be calculated based on the transmission statistics in the network. As shown in Table 3, each node maintains the table recording the data transmissions and updates the table once data transmission occurs.
Let be the number of messages received from a specific node and be the number of messages that send to the specific node. and are the number of messages received from other nodes and the number of messages generated by itself. Define the balance of contribution for two specific nodes as
From (3), if is 0, the two specific nodes relay equal messages for each other. If equals 1, it means that one node relays all messages from the other node that only sends message and does not relay messages. For selfish routing, the balance of contribution of the two nodes should be as small as possible.
The contribution index of the node can be expressed by where is a weight indicating the importance of the network contribution to CI; is a predefined constant that only when the number of messages the node relay exceeds , the network contribution is; is a threshold and satisfies . Similarly, only when the balance of contribution of the two specific nodes is greater than , the contribution for specific node could be computed. Clearly, should not be set to a large number because a node is not willing to relay messages from the node who contributes little for its data transmission. For selfish node, it should receive and relay the messages from the node with the approximately equal contribution index.
4.4. Data Transmission
Data transmission in HASR is based on the active degree of the node when the energy is enough and the contribution index when routing selfishly. The pseudocode of HASR is shown in Pseudocode 1. The node calculates its active degree according to the initial agenda schedule at first. When it meets other nodes, they exchange the data transmission statistics. If the energy of the node is greater than the threshold, the node behaves unselfish and relays all messages without consideration of the contribution index. Then the node will send its message to its neighbor with the maximal active degree. The active degree of the node is different in different time for that some items in the schedule table would expire. If the active degrees of the two nodes are equal, it needs another metric to make routing decision. Let and be the set of areas in the valid items of the node and node ; and is the number of elements of the two sets, respectively. is the number of the same elements of the two set and . Let and be the set of different areas that the two nodes will visit and there are and . Define and as the sum of hot degrees in and . When node contacts node , if equals to and is greater than , messages would be delivered to the node because node is more active than node . For example, if and , which the values in brackets is the hot degree of the area, the different areas of the two set are , , and . Then there are and , and messages will be transmitted to node because is larger than .
When the energy of the node is consumed too much, the node would behave selfishly and routing decision is made by the contribution index. The pseudo code of HASR is shown in Pseudocode 1. As in Pseudocode 1, node calculates its according to its agenda set by people who hold it. When node meets with node , if the energy of node is enough, message will be delivered to the node with higher . If the equals , message will be delivered to the node with higher . Once the energy of node is lower than a preset threshold, node will send messages to node based on the contribution index. If is greater than and they have almost the same contribution index, message will be transferred to node . denotes the difference between the contribution indexes of the two nodes.
5. Simulation
5.1. Simulation Setup
We simulate three protocols: the proposed HASR, HARP, and RSD [18] and evaluate their performance on data delivery ratio. We assume that message generation of each node follows a Poisson process and the destination node is randomly selected. To calculate the energy consumption, we use the same radio energy dissipation model as in [19]. The initial energy of each node is 10 J and the node behaves selfishly when half of the energy is consumed. Other simulation parameters and their default values are summarized in Table 4.
5.2. Simulation Results
Figure 2 shows that the impacts of weight factor on data delivery ratio of HASR. determines the contribution index is calculated mainly by the network contribution of the node or not. As in Figure 2, the data delivery ratio increases with the rising of . When is small, the contribution index is mainly determined by the contribution for the specific node. Even if the node contributes more to data transmission for the network, its message might not be relayed by other node. For example, node encounters node . Node did not relay any message from node before which means there is little contribution for node , but it contributes more for the whole network. However, node will not relay the message from node because node did not serve it before. When increases, the network contribution is more important than the contribution for the specific node. The node that contributes more for data forwarding in the network has more chance to deliver its messages. When is greater than 0.6, there is little increase on the data delivery ratio. In the simulation, is set to 0.6.
The influence of the proportion of selfish nodes denoted by on data delivery ratio is shown in Figure 3. Obviously, the more the number of selfish nodes is, the lower the data delivery ratios of HASR and HARP are. When is greater than 0.8, the data delivery ratio is just about 10%. As seen from Figure 2, the data deliver ration of HARP decreases drastically than that of HASR with the increase of the ratio of selfish nodes. The reason is that when a portion of node behaves selfishly, they still delivery messages according to the contribution index.
The following simulations measure the data delivery ratio of HASR, HARP, and RSD. As shown in Figure 4, the data delivery ratio of the three schemes increases after simulations begin, but it decreases instead at a specific time. This is because the energy of the node is enough at the beginning of the simulation, the node transmits messages unselfishly. When the energy of the node is lower than the threshold (5 J), the node in HARP does not forward any messages in order to save its energy, so that the data delivery ratio decreases quickly. For HASR and RSD, the node would deliver messages selfishly. HASR forwards messages based on the contribution index and routing decision of RSD is decided by a reputation-based scheme. That is to say, the selfish nodes still relay messages for some other nodes. So, the data delivery ratio of the two schemes decrease slower than that of HARP.
6. Conclusions and Future Works
In this paper, we propose a hot-area-based selfish routing (HASR) protocol for mobile social network. In HASR, routing decision is made by the active degree and the contribution index of the node. When the energy of the node is enough, data forwarding is determined only by the active degree of the node. When the energy of the node is consumed too much, the node behaves selfishly and routing decision is based on the contribution index. Simulation results show that HASR performs better than other schemes when nodes behave selfishly.
In the future works, we will study the selfishness of the node based on the social relationship between nodes. A node only relays the message from nodes with strong relationships among them and is not willing to transfer the message for strangers.
This work is supported by National Science Foundation of China under Grants nos. 60903158, 61003229, 61103226, 61103227, 61170256, and 61173172 and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grants nos. ZYGX2010J074, ZYGX2011J060, and ZYGX2011J073.
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After running the Eve vs. Lilith poll for approximately three months, we have found that Eve wins over Lilith, 3 to 2. To those that participated, thanks for your input! To those that aren't familiar with the story of Lilith, it's available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilith. The gist of the story, which is part of Jewish religion and folklore, is that "...Lilith left Adam after she refused to become subservient to him..."
The poll question was:
"A question to the ladies: If you could choose to be the female archetype which of the following would you choose? No guys plz..."
The choices were Eve and Lilith.


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The category winners for the 2011 Costa Book Awards – in its 40th year – have been announced, with some highly respected but lesser-known authors beating off the big names
The five successful authors who will now compete for the 2011 Costa Book of the Year are:
• Andrew Miller (pictured), who triumphs over Julian Barnes, winner of the 2011 Man Booker Prize, to take the Costa Novel Award with his sixth novel, Pure
• Poet and debut biographer Matthew Hollis, who beats Claire Tomalin's bestselling Charles Dickens: A Life to take the Costa Biography Award for his first work of prose, Now All Roads Leads to France: The Last Years of Edward Thomas
• Debut novelist and former Great Ormond Street nurse, Christie Watson, who wins the Costa First Novel Award for Tiny Sunbirds Far Away, set in the Niger Delta
• Carol Ann Duffy who wins the Costa Poetry Award for The Bees, her first collection since being appointed Poet Laureate in 2009
• Former opera singer and debut children's writer, Moira Young, who wins the Costa Children's Book Award for Blood Red Road, currently being adapted for film by Scott Free, Ridley Scott's production company.
The five Costa Book Award winners, each of whom will receive £5,000, were selected from 568 entries. The five books are now eligible for the ultimate prize – the 2011 Costa Book of the Year.
The winner – selected by a panel of judges chaired by Editor of the London Evening Standard, Geordie Greig and comprising Hugh Dennis, Dervla Kirwan, Mary Nightingale, William Fiennes, Flora Fraser, Patrick Gale, Jojo Moyes and Eleanor Updale – will be announced at an awards ceremony hosted by presenter and broadcaster Penny Smith on Tuesday 24 January 2012.
Since the introduction of the Book of the Year award in 1985, it has been won nine times by a novel, four times by a first novel, five times by a biography, seven times by a collection of poetry and once by a children's book. The 2010 Costa Book of the Year was Of Mutability by Jo Shapcott.
For additional information go to www.costabookawards.com


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ok so I am only 19, but I have pretty much made the decision to have my daughter naturally unless i absolutely CANNOT stand it. Now if I get to the point where i need the epidural I will take it. so that being said is anyone else going natural or has anyone had a natural birth(wasit as bad as some say??)
opting for a natural birth! anyone else?
I was 22 when I gave birth and a FTM. I had no pain meds and it was the best experience I could have asked for. Everyone told me to just get the epidural but I really wanted to go all natural. I told myself the only reason I would get an epidural was if it was medically necessary.
I've never met anyone who had a natural birth who had wished they had the epidural. :)
I had planned on a natural birth, but NOTHING went as planned =). My husband was sick and gone most of the day, only returing when I was pushing, he was admitted to the hospital for his own issues immediaterly after our son was delivered. I didn't find the pain of labor to be all that bad. I did, however, fine his Grandmother's "I feel so bad for DH, He is in so much pain" broken reccord speach while I was in labor for hours on end a bit diffucult to endour. About an hour before I started pushing, I got an epidcural. I only pushed for 45 minutes. If you have a good anesthesiologist, they can change the dosing of the epidural while pushing so that you can feel the contractions and not the pain. I am planning on trying for an all natural birth the next time though!
I have had a medicaded birth and a natural birth.
Comparing the two, I would chose natural. Although I did love my epidural. :) But I think it made me really out of it, on top of the exhaustion from being in labor for a couple days and not getting any sleep.
I am getting induced this time around for medical reasons.
I'm 28 and also a FTM. I really want a natural birth too. I cannot stand the idea of pitocin and an epidural and all of that...frankly it scares me. I have severe asthma and I'm afraid of what all of the extra drugs might do to me. Then again, I'm scared I won't be able to breathe enough to push the baby out anyway. It's a big ol' conundrum right now. I say good luck to all of us. Unfortunately we won't know til we get there, but we can sure try!!
I'm a FTM and am planning to have a natural water birth in my baby-friendly hospital! I am researching Bradley Birth classes right now and will probably start them sometime in January as they are 12 weeks long. I am almost 15 weeks (this weekend!) now.
Good luck and make sure you do plenty of research and take some classes if you can!
I was 20 when I had my first daughter and did it completely naturally at a birthing center with a midwife. It was and has been one of the most amazing experiences for me ever. Yes, it hurts but it's totally doable. When you think you can't take any more, it's time to push and then you have a beautiful baby :) I did the same with my 2nd daughter and will be doing the same with this one :D Good luck with whatever you choose!
Married to my bestie, Mother to 4 wonderful young women, ages 18,16,10,and 5.. and Independent Scentsy Consultant... I Love My Life!! :0))
Im planning on natrual birth, if my doctor doesnt try to induce me. I am a first time mom and i am young. My mother and grandmother did it natrual i want to experience that too.


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London Knights forward Mitchell Marner said he believes anything's possible if you're willing to put in the work.
Even for a 5-foot-11, 155-pound right-shot center who might mistakenly be overlooked at the 2015 NHL Draft because of his size.
"The NHL right now is at a point where size doesn't matter; it's all about the skill and passion," Marner said. "I think if you go out there and show that you're willing to go every shift, willing to prove a point and prove that you can hold your own, that skills are more important than the size."
Marner has not only made a believer out of a lot of scouts, but a former teammate now starring in the NHL.


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Happy Bully-Tines Day, everybullly!!!!!! :-)
And many ((( hugs ))) to all that are missing their sweet baby(ies)!!!!
"I've got my cupid's wings, but where's my bow and arrow?"
"Mommmmy,,,,are you trying to be an "ARTSY" photographer again, only showing part of my sweet mug?" :-)
Our sweet Archimedes "MEATY" Bones (or as we say...boneSHHH!) ---born 11/28/08---- our first bullllyyyy!!!
And SOPHIE Bubbles *Rapscallion* (LOL!) ---born 4/3/11----our second bulllllyyyy!!!!
Sophie's very first day home with us....awwww........May 2011.......tooo sweet for words!!!
Oh so sweet. Happy Valentine's Day to you too!
Peggy and Stoney
Hope you gave mommy lots of kisses on valentines day!
Katie & Tucker a.k.a "Porkchop"
Nothing better than bully wishes on that special day.