text:
Our Team
Executive Team and Senior Management
Founder and Chief Executive Officer
Mathis is co-creator of the Ecological Footprint and CEO of Global Footprint Network. He completed a Ph.D. in community and regional planning with Professor William Rees at the University of British Columbia, where his doctoral dissertation developed the Ecological Footprint concept. Mathis also earned a mechanical engineering degree from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.
Mathis has worked on sustainability with governments, corporations and international NGOs on six continents and has lectured at more than a hundred universities. He previously served as director of the Sustainability Program at Redefining Progress in Oakland, California, and ran the Centro de Estudios para la Sustentabilidad at Anáhuac University in Xalapa, Mexico. Mathis has authored and contributed to more than 50 peer-reviewed papers, numerous articles, reports and various books on sustainability that focus on embracing resource limits and developing metrics for sustainability, including Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth; Sharing Nature's Interest; Der Ecological Footprint, and WWF International's Living Planet Report.
Mathis' awards include the 2015 IAIA Global Environment Award, being a 2014 ISSP Sustainability Hall of Fame Inductee, the 2013 Prix Nature Swisscanto, 2012 Blue Planet Prize, 2012 Binding Prize for Nature Conservation, the 2012Kenneth E. Boulding Memorial Award of the International Society for Ecological Economics, the 2011 Zayed International Prize for the Environment (jointly awarded with UNEP), an honorary doctorate from the University of Berne in 2007, a 2007 Skoll Award for Social Entrepreneurship, 2006 WWF Award for Conservation Merit and 2005 Herman Daly Award of the U.S. Society for Ecological Economics. He was also selected as number 19 on the en(rich) list identifying the 100 top inspirational individuals whose contributions enrich paths to sustainable futures (www.enrichlist.org). John Elkington identified Mathis among the "Zeronaut 50" Roll of Honor, i.e., leading pioneers who are driving the world's most significant problems to zero. From 2011 to 2015, Mathis was also the Frank H. T. Rhodes Class of 1956 Visiting Professor at Cornell University.
Founder and Director of Finance for Change
Susan Burns is co-founder and Director of Finance for Change at Global Footprint Network. Over the last decade, while serving as CEO, Susan has built Global Footprint Network into one of the leading and most respected scientific organizations in the world addressing global ecological limits. She now leads the Finance for Change Initiative, advising governments and financial institutions on incorporating ecological risk into financial risk analysis and government policy.
Prior to launching Global Footprint Network, Susan founded the pioneering sustainability consulting firm Natural Strategies, advising such companies as Mitsubishi Electric, Genencor, and Lowes. She has over 18 years of experience working with more than 50 corporations and other organizations on a variety of sustainability-related issues from forest policy to business strategy. Susan led the development of the screening methodology for Portfolio 21, the US's first mutual fund dedicated to environmental sustainability. She has spoken widely on the subject of sustainability, human development, and corporate responsibility, having delivered keynote and other lectures at over 100 national and international events.
In 2007 Susan, along with Mathis Wackernagel, won the Skoll Award on Social Entrepreneurship. She was selected as honorable mention on the en(rich) list identifying the top inspirational individuals whose contributions enrich paths to sustainable futures (www.enrichlist.org). John Elkington identified Susan in 2012 among the "Zeronaut 50" Roll of Honor, i.e., leading pioneers who are driving the world's most significant problems to zero. Both Susan Burns and Mathis Wackernagel are 2014 ISSP Sustainability Hall of Fame Inductees. Susan holds a B.S. in Environmental Engineering.
Chief Operating Officer
Sandra leads the Administration, HR, Accounting, IT and program management functions at Global Footprint Network. She has been involved with the organization since 2011 in various capacities and brings a passion for smooth operations that support Global Footprint Network's mission. So far Sandra has created HR processes for recruiting and performance management, aided the creation of a revised strategic plan and implemented systems for tracking operations and finance analytics to enable timely, data-driven decisions.
Sandra brings 20 years of experience as a business operations executive for technical and scientific organizations. She earned her MBA from UC-Berkeley with an emphasis in organizational behavior and strategy. Throughout her career Sandra has focused on creating high-performance cultures that are financially stable and data-driven. She is passionate about delivering outstanding services to clients and partners.
Sandra's interests include global travel and volleyball. She lives in California with her husband and two children.
VP, Research
Derek Eaton is currently Vice President of Research at Global Footprint Network, leading analytics on resource accounting and the implications for policy and sustainability solutions. He brings over 20 years of experience in leveraging and undertaking research that informs and drives decision makers. Derek's understanding of the science-policy interface has been honed by working in a wide range of environments, including research institutes, academia, think tanks, government and international organizations.
Prior to joining Global Footprint Network, Derek was Executive Director of the Centre for International Environmental Studies at the Graduate Institute, Geneva, where he led research on trade-offs and synergies between food security and biodiversity management. Derek was previously a core member of UNEP's Green Economy Initiative, where he managed the integrated modelling assessment in UNEP's 2011 flagship report, "Towards a Green Economy." Derek also has worked for the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) and the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED). He has contributed to and led multi-disciplinary teams in a wide range of countries and regions, including China, Southeast Asia, West Africa and East Africa, including living in both Kenya and Tanzania.
An economist with a Ph.D. degree from Wageningen University in the Netherlands, Derek also earned an M.S. from University College London and a B.S. from the University of Toronto.
VP, External Affairs
Drew is Vice President of External Affairs at Global Footprint Network. He brings to the organization over 20 years of leadership in academia, start-ups, businesses and social enterprise. As Dean at Stanford University, he helped advance a diverse portfolio of academic institutes, programs and projects through work with entrepreneurs, tech companies, venture capitalists and students. He was awarded the National Council on Education's Award of Merit for his educational trailblazing.
Drew left Stanford to co-found one of the first consulting firms for internet and new media companies. He advised over 200 start-ups, worked with investors, organized international consortia focused on internet roll outs globally and founded one of the first start-up internet incubators. He served as investor, board member, chief strategist, chief capital officer and interim CEO. Moving into government policy, he helped raise funds for many significant achievements including the first internet advocacy campaign in history (watershed protection), the first urban greenbelt campaign and indigenous peoples' control of natural resources around the globe. Drew was honored by a wide variety of local, regional, and national governments, as well as non-profits, corporations and foundations.
Since 2001, Drew has worked solely in public service as an angel investor, social entrepreneur, and fundraiser. He has served as an advisor on philanthropy and social responsibility for many corporations and major donors, raising millions for public projects. For this leadership, he received commendation at the Bay Area Philanthropy Awards. As an expert on the integration of economic and environmental systems worldwide he helped fund and organize the 2010 Mega Regional Conference on economic growth as well as the 2011 White House Forum on Entrepreneurship.
VP, Outreach and Programmes
Sebastian Winkler is a Mexican-French-German national who grew up in Francophone Africa. He is currently Vice President of Programmes & Outreach at Global Footprint Network and Senior Advisor of Sustainability & Strategy for one of the largest gold mines in Europe. He also sits on the Board of Internews Europe, European Business and Biodiversity Campaign, Bioregional North America and Global Nature Fund.
In 2010, Sebastian was part of the Spanish European Union Presidency team. From 1997 to early 2010 he worked for IUCN at the international and European level. Prior to IUCN he worked for UNEP's Economics, Environment and Trade Unit. In 1995, he worked for the World Food Program's Office of Evaluation and in 1993 he worked for Mexico's Deputy Minister of Environment.
Sebastian has a multi-disciplinary educational background with a B.A. from the University of Constance, Germany as well as the University of Guelph, Canada. He holds various M.A.s from the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague, the Netherlands, the University of Trier, Germany and the Ecole Polytechnique of Lausanne, Switzerland. He also studied at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques of Grenoble, France and in the USA at Harvard Business School. Sebastian speaks fluent German, English, French and Spanish, and has a good working knowledge of Italian and Portuguese.
Director, Asia Region
Pati contributes to Global Footprint Network's engagement with Asia. Building on her on-the-ground policy expertise as a journalist, Pati engages with over 6 Asian national governments and various international institutions including ADB and the ASEAN Secretariat. Prior to joining Global Footprint Network, Pati was a journalist for 15 years, working as a columnist and editorial writer for the San Francisco Chronicle, deputy editorial page editor for the Honolulu Advertiser and staff editor at numerous Bay Area daily newspapers. Her yearlong editorial series on foster care reform in California for the San Francisco Chronicle helped lead to numerous changes in the state law, and won her numerous national awards, including first place in the National Headliners Award, Scripps Howard National Journalism Award, Society of Professional Journalists Sigma Chi Award and the Casey Medal for Meritorious Journalism. Pati was also the Chronicle's nominee for Pulitzer Prize in editorial writing in 2006 and 2007. She is the author of "The Oracles: My Filipino Grandparents in America".
Director, Mediterranean and MENA Regions
Alessandro is a Senior Scientist and the Mediterranean-MENA Program Director at Global Footprint Network. As Senior Scientist, he contributes to research on the Ecological Footprint methodology and technical publications. His research analyzes the historical changes in human dependence on natural resources and ecological services through the use of sustainability indicators and environmental accounting methods. Previously, he worked as technical advisor on the Al Basama Al Beeiya (Ecological Footprint) Initiative in the United Arab Emirates with the Emirates Wildlife Society (EWS-WWF) and the Environment Agency–Abu Dhabi (EAD).
Alessandro holds a Ph.D. in Chemical Sciences from Siena University. He is the lead author of the Mediterranean Ecological Footprint Trends report and co-author of several publications, including 13 articles in peer-reviewed journals, the article "Global Biodiversity: Indicators of Recent Declines" published in the leading journal Science, and WWF's 2008 and 2012 Living Planet Reports. Alessandro is also member of the editorial board of the journal Resources: Natural Resources and Management, and was a MARSICO Visiting Scholar at University of Denver, Colorado, USA, in April 2011.
Director, India
Pragyan is leading Global Footprint Network's Sustainable Development Return on Investment (SDRoI) project in India. Supported by the Barr Foundation and the Skoll Foundation, the project is a collaboration between Skoll Foundation awardees Global Footprint Network, Escuela Nueva, Gram Vikas and International Development Enterpise-India (IDE-India), with expert advisement from Camfed. The project aims to measure a community's progress toward its own lasting development. It also should support donor agencies and social entrepreneurs to generate a high sustainable development return on their investments.
With a doctorate in sociology, Pragyan is a social development specialist with expertise in executing socio-economic developmental projects. Prior to joining Global Footprint Network she worked with other international agencies such as ONE DROP and UNICEF on projects relating to social arts and popular education in community mobilization and WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene).
Director, Communications
Ronna is leading the international communications efforts at Global Footprint Network. She previously worked at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business as editor-in-chief of BerkeleyHaas Magazine and the school's online newsroom. Before that she worked as a journalist for more than a decade, covering everything from city government to transportation to business at TheStreet.Com, The Industry Standard and The Oakland Tribune. Ronna has a master's degree in journalism from Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism and a B.S. in business administration from UC Berkeley.
Lead Scientist, Resource Accounting
David is a member of the Research team, and contributes to the production, development and improvement of the National Footprint Accounts. Prior to joining Global Footprint Network, David earned his Ph.D. and worked as a post-doctoral researcher in the Systems Ecology Laboratory at the University of Texas at El Paso. His research focused on integrating models of ecosystem function with land cover change analysis in Arctic ecosystems. David is a native of California, and holds a B.S. in Ecology, Behavior and Evolution from the University of California at Los Angeles.
Research Scientist
Laurel currently serves as a Research Scientist for Global Footprint Network. As part of the Research team, she helps to build and refine the National Footprint Accounts. She also works on the Sustainable Development Return on Investment (SDRoI) project, which empowers communities to identify their current resource and development conditions and informs future development strategies.
Previously, Laurel worked in the Office of Strategic Information, Research & Planning at Peace Corps headquarters in Washington, DC. Prior to this, she served over two years as a Peace Corps volunteer in Ecuador. In this role, she developed a management plan for Sumaco National Park and taught GIS fundamentals to park staff. Before her international service, Laurel worked as an environmental consultant at AECOM specializing in environmental impact analysis, particularly socioeconomic and environmental justice impacts. Laurel has a BA in Natural Resource and Environmental Geography and a Masters of Arts in Geography from San Diego State University; her master's thesis research focused on climate change vulnerability and agriculture.
Research Scientist
Golnar is a Research Scientist working on National Footprint Accounts. She earned a B.S. in Physics with a minor in Mathematics from Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, Canada. Golnar joined Global Footprint Network after completing a certificate in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for Environmental Management from the School of the Environment at the University of Toronto. Since then, she has been working on biocapacity calculation and land use analysis.
Research Analyst
Jon is a Research Analyst for the Resource Accounting team in the Oakland office. He plays a large role in the development of the National Footprint Accounts and in the application of their results. Before joining Global Footprint Network, Jon worked as a farm hand, bio-pesticide researcher, stream surveyor, winemaking intern, and handyman. He graduated from UC Davis in 2013 with a B.S. in Environmental Science and Management and a minor in Managerial Economics.
Senior Economist
Michel joined Global Footprint Network as a Senior Economist from the Swiss Development Cooperation Agency. At Global Footprint Network Michel is responsible for outreach, public policy advice, and strengthening the economic aspects of the Ecological Footprint by linking it to the macro-economic policy sphere and public and corporate sector expectations. He was trained in econometrics and mathematics in Paris and Geneva and earned an M.A. and B.A. After a period in academic research, he went into management consulting at KPMG and worked at the Entrepreneurship Development Department of the ILO, before joining the Swiss Foreign Service 20 years ago. His international civil service career has focused on international development, including postings in Ghana, the Ivory Coast and Andean countries to steer local programme portfolios.
Sustainability linkages across sector policies (trade, responsible investment, finance, agriculture, defense, energy, development, and environment) have always been a strong focus of Michel's involvement as a public policy analyst, first as deputy head of the Global Issues and Sustainable Development Division of the Swiss Development Cooperation Agency, and then within the Policy Analysis Division in charge of producing the development policy bill. Michel has been a member of the Swiss delegation in a number of international negotiations at the UN, WTO, and OECD looking at synergies with the development cooperation policy.
Research Economist
Katsunori is a Research Economist, responsible for tracking Ecological Footprints in global supply chains through the use of the Multi-Regional Input-Output model, which also applies to sub-national and personal calculator projects. Currently, he is working on developing the Computable General Equilibrium for Ecological Footprint (CGE-EF) model to assess the impact of different policies on nature. His next project will be building a platform to connect interdisciplinary scholars and leaders in Asian regions that are facing sustainability challenges. He holds an M.S. in Economics, specializing in Environmental Economics, from Okinawa International University, Japan.
Research Economist
Nicole analyzes the effects of economic policies on the Ecological Footprint, specifically for the Mediterranean-MENA program. She focuses on methodological improvements to the Ecological Footprint through Multi-Regional Input-Output modelling. Currently she is working on a Computable General Equilibrium model to assess the impact of economic policies on a country's Footprint.
Prior to joining Global Footprint Network, Nicole worked for the IPCC as a chapter scientist for the Fifth Assessment Report on Climate Change. She also assessed climate change mitigation projects for the World Bank with an emphasis on Latin America and Asia. Nicole holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Göttingen. She published several articles in peer-reviewed journals such as Ecological Economics. Her major research interests are environmental policy analysis and sustainable development. She was a visiting scholar at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
Policy Analyst
Martin is Global Footprint Network's policy analyst. He leads much of the research around the applications of Ecological Footprint accounting in the economic and financial spheres. He is also the coordinator for the organization's outreach and project development for the Africa region.
Prior to joining Global Footprint Network, Martin worked for several years in international organizations on issues relating to economic and social development policies, political economy, and international trade with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa. He has also worked in the private banking sector. Martin holds an M.S. in Development Studies from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
Euro-Mediterranean Program Associate
Ms. Heinrich supports the Director of Mediterranean Programme in the implementation of the defined work plan. She holds an M.A. in International Relations from the Trento Graduate School of International Studies in Italy and a B.A. in Intercultural European and American Studies from the Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg in Germany. She worked as Resident Coordinator and Student Advisor for Kent State University in Geneva and as Human Resource, Marketing Support Officer for a Tourist Resort in Venice, Italy. Previously, she interned for the Inter-Agency Affairs Division at the UN World Food Programme in Geneva, for the Permanent Representation of Germany to FAO and other International Organizations in Rome, for the Permanent Representation of Saxony Anhalt and Valencia to the EU in Brussels. Finally, she worked supporting a Member of the Green Party in the European Parliament in Brussels.
Asia Region Coordinator
Phillip supports Global Footprint Network's engagements in Asia, and helps establish new partnerships in the Region. Prior to joining Global Footprint Network, Phillip was Chief of Staff to the Office of the Presidential Adviser for Environmental Protection (OPAEP) in the Philippines, where he focused on the government's mining reform policy. He was also Head of Secretariat of the Technical Working Group for Environmental Protection and Legislation of the Mining Industry Coordinating Council (MICC), in which he worked with the team which consolidated the maps of areas closed and open to mining applications in the Philippines. In addition, he liaised with Congress on mining related legislation to be looked into by the Executive Branch. In 2013, he worked with OPAEP and its partner organizations in providing transitional housing for typhoon Haiyan refugees in the province of Northern Leyte. Phillip's other projects include working on Environmental Accounting and Valuation initiatives of the government, such as the Philippine Ecological Footprint Report with Global Footprint Network and the World Bank's Wealth Accounting and Valuation for Ecosystem Services (WAVES) study in the Laguna Lake Basin.
Social Media and Communications Associate
Amanda supports Global Footprint Network's communication and outreach efforts and manages the organization's website and social media channels. She holds an interdisciplinary Master's Degree in Weather, Climate and Society from the University of Miami in Florida and a Bachelor's Degree in Meteorology from San Jose State University. Her prior experience includes working for the Alameda County Green Business Program, Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Everglades National Park.
External Affairs
Fundraising Manager
Diane brings more than 20 years of experience in fundraising, government funding, granting, and environmental and infrastructure policy to her position as Global Footprint Network's fundraising manager. She has raised several million dollars in funds to preserve a public trail in Connecticut; protect land and endangered species throughout the US for National Audubon Society; restore creeks in California; and create alternative and affordable transportation options in Alameda County, Calif. As an urban and transportation planner for Alameda County, Diane managed more than $25 million in sustainable and affordable transportation projects and programs. At San Francisco Foundation, she wrote $6 million in grant proposals for sustainable housing and community building in San Francisco's most impoverished neighborhoods. Diane earned her graduate degree in environmental studies and urban planning at Yale.
IT Manager
Robert Williams manages the Global Footprint Network computer network and IT department and is responsible for the computer programming that is required to calculate the National Footprint Accounts. He is also responsible for the design, implementation and maintenance of the database systems, which hold the National Footprint Accounts data. Robert has a broad background in programming, database management and systems administration. He is also the owner of Cosmetto, an information technology (IT) consulting company, that provides custom IT services to small businesses in the Bay Area. Robert has certificates in Java and C++ programming from the University of California Santa Cruz and a B.S. in Computer Information Systems (summa cum laude) from Excelsior College.
Human Resources Manager
Helena has several years of experience successfully recruiting senior management staff for NGOs around the world. She has also consulted for foundations focusing on the environment and social entrepreneurship. Previously, Helena was the Programs Manager for UNEP's World Environment Day in San Francisco. As Program Executive for the Goldman Environmental Foundation, Helena helped develop the world's largest international prize for grassroots environmentalists. She researched and promoted hundreds of environmental leaders around the world. She also awarded grants through the Goldman Fund, including a human rights and environment initiative she created. Helena is a co-founder of Rainforest Alliance as well. She served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in the Democratic Republic of Congo and later worked on Peace Corps staff as a recruiter and administrator. Helena earned a Master's degree in Environmental Studies from Yale University and a Bachelor's degree in Psychology and Russian Studies from the University of Rochester. She is certified as a Global Professional in Human Resources.
Accounting Manager
Frank Thompson has extensive experience working with nonprofits. Most recently he worked at Building Futures with Women and Children as director of finance and administration. He previously served as the controller for the Northern California Institute for Research and Education. Frank has a B.S. in Finance from San Francisco State University and a certificate in baking and pastry from the California Culinary Academy.
Program Manager
Giacomo Pascolini is Program Manager at Global Footprint Network where he oversees the technical performance of the organization's projects, including budgeting, tasks allocation and timelines monitoring. He also manages the Ecological Footprints data licensing activities and is the organization's Salesforce administrator. He was previously the Marketing Coordinator at the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD) in Geneva, Switzerland for over 5 years and Marketing Assistant at Tradinvest Management Ltd, London.
He earned a Master of Laws, specializing in Trade Law and Economics, and a Bachelor of Laws, with focus on Environmental Law, from the University of Udine, Italy. Giacomo also has a conservatory diploma in classical guitar.
Office Manager, Geneva
Loredana manages operations in the Geneva office. She has experience working with non-profit organizations and the private sector in the areas of finance, operations and program management. Originally from Romania, Loredana received a Masters in Financial Management and a BA in Economics. She also serves as Treasurer for the Organization of Women in International Trade.
Executive Assistant/ Philanthropy Associate
Mimi supports both the Operations and External Affairs departments at Global Footprint Network. She graduated from Northern Arizona University, where she majored in American Political Studies with an emphasis in environment. She has provided administrative support at various non-profit agencies in Arizona and California. She wears many hats and has also enjoyed stints as a costume character, bike messenger and vegan chef. An avid cyclist, she bikes mostly everywhere, is a member (and occasional volunteer) of Bike East Bay and the San Francisco Bicycle Coalition and has participated in two Climate Rides. In her free time, she enjoys traveling, exploring new vegan restaurants and playing with her cat, Mr. Rogers.
Chris Nelder is a Manager with Rocky Mountain Institute's electricity practice. At Global Footprint Network, Chris contributed to the scenario modeling and capital project decision framework known as NPV+. He brings a decade of experience as an energy analyst, journalist and futurist covering the global energy landscape, from fossil fuels to renewables. Chris has authored two books and hundreds of articles about all aspects of energy, and is a seasoned public speaker and media guest. Previously he designed and sold solar PV systems in California after spending 17 years in the software industry, working at dot-coms and powerhouses like Microsoft as a director of product development, engineer and technical writer. Chris is a serial entrepreneur, and started one of the world's first web sites about environmental and social responsibility (Better World) in 1994. His intellectual adventures in the fields of energy, finance, sustainability, business and technology have given Chris a wide-ranging perspective and professional network that enable him to model the future of humanity in an empirical way and translate the results into an accessible story for policymakers to use to achieve their sustainability goals.
Strategic Advisor
Muhamed is a strategic advisor, with a strong interest in sustainability and long-standing business experience in the Mediterranean Region, Asia and Africa. He is currently the Group Director of IFFCO, a business based in Dubai that manufactures and markets consumer products. Muhamed also serves as a strategic advisor to Cradle to Cradle Products Innovation Institute in San Francisco. He is a former member of the Advisory Council of Sheikh Mohammed Technology Park in Dubai, a former member of the Advisory Council of the UCLA Institute for Strategic Studies' Center for Middle East Development and a former member of the Executive Committee of EAN-international (Int'l Article Numbering Association). His expertise lies in international business development, innovation and technology management, and international public relations. Muhamed received his BS from University of Sarajevo in theoretical mathematics and his MS from the University of Zagreb in information technology. He is also an alumnus of the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
Robert is leading Data Sales at Global Footprint Network. He has twenty five years of experience in the financial services industry. At ING Equity Markets Robert initiated and led Social Responsible Investment & Corporate Governance Brokerage. As a Client Portfolio Manager at APG he was a member of the Sustainability & Governance Steering Committee. As Managing Director and ESG Specialist at Fair Impact Robert has a focus on improving the ESG strategy of organizations. He is the Chairman of the Committee for Responsible Investments of the Dutch Association of Investment Professionals VBA. He has a Masters degree in Economics from the University of Amsterdam.
Laetitia Mailhes is a writer with more than 15 years of experience in journalism and advocacy work. The Silicon Valley correspondent of the French Financial Times for 10 years, she also had her work published in business magazine Stratégies and French national daily Libération among others. She has also contributed to various radio news programs in France and Switzerland. The co-author of two books about food systems, she has written extensively in English and French about sustainability issues. Her writing has appeared on GreenBiz, Care2, MomsRising.org and more.
A Sciences-Po Paris graduate, Laetitia earned her M.Litt. in International Security and Conflict Resolution at the University of St. Andrews, Scotland, and her M.A. in International Journalism at City University, London.
Jag is the Founder of Impactvesting LLC, a research and advisory firm that helps asset managers develop sustainable investment solutions. He is contributing to the Global Footprint Network's Finance for Change initiative. Jag is also a Director of Fossil Free Indexes LLC, a provider of research, investment products, and index solutions aligned with a low carbon economy. Formerly he was a Senior Managing Director and head of global research and consulting for Strategic Insight / Asset International, a business intelligence provider to the fund management industry. During the past 20 years, he has advised the executives of more than 100 investment management firms on market strategy, product innovation and global distribution. He has a Bachelor's degree in Economics from Harvard and a Master's from the London School of Economics.
Senior Advisor
Melita Elmore, Principal Consultant for the British Standards Institution (or BSI) Austin, Texas office, has over 20 years' experience as a business owner, senior project manager for several international engineering firms, an industry executive and a state regulator. Melita has a diversified environmental background, and has managed a wide range of projects including EHS and sustainability/energy efficiency audits, real estate due diligence and M & A assessments, environmental management system implementation, EHS training and curriculum development, with multi-media training production, and strategic planning for regulatory issues facing clients. She has served on the National Chamber of Commerce Environmental Committee, is senior advisor to 10Power, been on the Board of Directors for SXSW Eco, and worked with Global Footprint Network for several years.
Annabel Hertz advises think tanks and nonprofit start-ups on strategy, policy and external relations. Previously, she taught International Relations at the Geneva School of Diplomacy and served as Global Governance Fellow at the World Economic Forum, where she also involved the private sector in disaster risk reduction/climate change. In the twelve years prior, she held senior advocacy and executive roles with NGOs. This included re-building World-WIDE, a UN organization dedicated to women and environment friendly projects and policies, and pioneering a US government supported equity investment facility for sustainable development. She has also has experience in diplomacy.
Annabel holds a MPA from Harvard's Kennedy School, a MA in International Relations (IR) from San Francisco State, and a BA in Politics from the University of California, and has completed two years of doctoral studies in IR, and executive education in business. She is the author of Seeing Green, a humorous novel about environmental politics, and her non-fiction work has appeared in such publications as the Huffington Post, the Globalist, Financial Mail, and Harvard Program on Negotiation. As an artist, her paintings have sold in cafes, fundraising auctions, and citywide exhibitions.
Martin is a seasoned architect and international development specialist. He has a degree in architecture and a post-graduate degree in international development cooperation, both from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. After 10 years of architecture practice as a partner in "Architekturgenossenschaft Bauplan" in Zürich, Martin led for two years the Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln Technology Transfer Programme in Kathmandu, Nepal, a programme to promote energy and environmental efficient brick production. His professional focus now is sustainable urbanism. He works for a leading urban engineering company in Switzerland.
Steve helps build coalitions to develop new applications of the Ecological Footprint, provide strategic direction for Global Footprint Network and offer quality assurance for projects. Steve was formerly a Global Footprint Network Senior Scientist. Before joining Global Footprint Network, he helped establish The Natural Step US, an NGO focused on socio-ecological sustainability, and served as its Director of Education. He has also worked with Second Nature, an NGO promoting environmental literacy and the greening of operations in higher education. Steve's doctorate in psychology at Cornell University emphasized an ecological approach to perception and cognition.
Associate, Cities Programme
Mark Harvey is the founder of Resurgence, a company dedicated to helping cities and local authorities to use effective data strategies and citizen engagement to develop sustainably and to prepare for the impacts of climate change. He is a member of the UK Open Data Institute. Mark has over two decades experience in climate change, civil contingency, risk and resilience issues collaborating with agencies such as UNEP, UNFCCC, UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, UN OCHA, the World Bank, Internews and BBC Media Action. He has a Master's in Public Administration from the Harvard Kennedy School.
Eli is the former Lead Researcher of Resource Accounting in the Research and Standards Department who managed the National Footprint Accounts while also working on its development, the running and development of related applications and the Multi-Region Input Output model, and related research projects. His primary research interest is in the application of Ecological science to Economics and the integration of sustainability into measures of welfare.
Eli has contributed to several peer-reviewed papers, various public reports, and several trainings on the Ecological Footprint including in Indonesia and the UAE. He had a broad professional background before joining Global Footprint Network, including as an environmental advocate, small business owner, and in the arts. He holds a Bachelor's in Economics with an Ecological Economics emphasis from San Francisco State University, where he graduated with the highest honors.
Adjunct Senior Scientist
Justin is a post-doc at the University of California, Berkeley, and the former Manager of the Research and Standards Department. He continues to contribute to methodological research in Ecological Footprint accounting, including the development of the National Footprint Accounts and the Footprint Standards. Justin holds an M.S. in Earth Systems from Stanford University.
Bonnie is currently a Research Fellow at the University of Newcastle, Australia, where she is developing an Ecological Footprint methodology with which to compare alternative future Footprint scenarios using the temporal evaluation of multi-regional input-output data. The outcome of the research, which is carried out in partnership with Global Footprint Network, the University of Sydney, the University of Newcastle and a number of Australian state government partners, will inform policy makers as to the most effective approach to reducing Ecological Footprints. She also worked with EPA Victoria, Global Footprint Network and the University of Sydney to calculate the Footprint for the state of Victoria. Bonnie holds a Ph.D. in environmental science from the University of Tasmania.
Dan Moran is the former Director of the National Accounts Program at Global Footprint Network. He is currently at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) working with multi-region input-output models for consumption based accounting. Previously Dan was a Senior Analyst with MSCI in New York. Dan holds a BA in Philosophy, an M.Sc. in environmental economics from Lund University in Sweden and a PhD from the School of Physics at The University of Sydney.
Juan Alfonso is an accomplished architect and has also worked in the areas of sustainable development, appropriate technologies and community participation projects. He has collaborated with Ecuador's national housing agency, the United Nations Center for the Human Settlements (UNCHS), and has held a private practice. He is also a founding member of two non-profit organizations: Fundación Terra which is advancing sustainable development of communities bordering the ecological reserve "Cayambe-Coca", and Fundación Acuerdo Ecuador which is developing democratic citizen participation to inform governments from the ground up.
Yoshihiko Wada is Associate Professor of Ecological Economics at Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan. He is also Executive Director of Ecological Footprint Japan. Yoshihiko completed his M.A. and Ph.D. in Community and Regional Planning at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada, under the supervision of Professor William Rees.
Scientific Advisor
Gemma now works for Cambridge Programme for Sustainability Leadership. Previously, she led projects for Global Footprint Network out of the Geneva office and supported the organization's Research and Standards Department by contributing to research on the Ecological Footprint methodology, projects and applications. Gemma completed her Ph.D. in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Bath, UK. She completed her Masters of Aerospace Engineering in 2006 from the same institution. Her research areas include ecological and carbon footprints, assessing the determinants behind the footprint and studying the differences between high-income and low income countries.
Current Interns
- Krina Huang, Research
- Lea A. Cohen, Research
- Sara Melziade, Research
- Alex Church, Research
- Weng Lam Ao, External Affairs


text:
Mary Jacqueline Fox passed away peacefully surrounded by her family on October 10, 2012. Born in Norfolk, Virginia on May 24, 1926, she was known as Jackie by many and known especially by her children and her grandchildren as "Jac".
Jac would meet Edward Seabrook "Brook" Fox, Jr. in 1941 at the Surf Club in Virginia Beach and fall in love. At the conclusion of WW II, Lt. Brook Fox wed his sweetheart, Jacqueline at Christ Church in Norfolk, Virginia on January 12, 1946. They honeymooned in New York City, and started to live their dream together. She felt blessed each moment-being a wife and mother. She was so proud of her husband, Brook Fox, and he was her focus, throughout her life. She often would refer to herself as a domestic engineer. Jac loved to play golf, cards-especially duplicate bridge, live aboard their sailboat, "VIXEN", and most of all to be surrounded by family and friends-always!
Jac and Brook were blessed with four children, and set up housekeeping in a number of locations. Brook would follow his aviation career, from airline pilot to aviation consultant and Jac and children would follow. Living in various locations after Brook's years at Virginia Polytech Institute in Charlottesville, Virginia, Jac would make the best of it in all locales, finally coming to Dover to raise their children. The 60's and 70's were filled with events from graduations to golf tournaments, bowling leagues, politics, dating, parties, tacos, fondues, Sundays with the Browns, and having fun with the Schaefers, the Willis', the Hayes, the Taylors, and the Phillips. Jac loved sailing and in their boat years, they enjoyed sailing the Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound and the coast of Florida. Then, in the late 70's, the "Vixen" became home and they lived aboard the boat in Clinton, CT and later in Florida. Throughout her life, Jac would travel extensively throughout the United States and abroad.
Jac was her own woman, and it was the simple things in life that brought her the most joy: an evening out with company, a glass of red wine, love of bright colors, eating crabs, traveling, a nice conversation with lots of laughs, supporting her children and grandchildren, reading novels and most of all a gathering with friends and family. In keeping with her accepting behavior, Jac always liked everyone; she was a joiner and belonged to several Country Clubs-Maple Dale and Wild Quail Golf and Country Club in Dover, and Lake Wales Country Club in Florida. Jac was always in a good mood! She especially enjoyed setting up bridge games and playing cards throughout her life. She will always be remembered for her support and love.
Jac is survived by her children, Stephen of Annapolis, MD, Marybrook and her husband Cubbage Brown, Robert and Christine "Tine", and Randy and Debbie, all of Dover.
She is also survived by seven grandchildren, Kimberly Dawson and her husband, Brian of Massachusetts; Matthew Brown and his wife, Lori; Jennifer Surdukowski and her husband, Kris; Caitlin Brown, Ian Fox and his wife Nikki; and Alan Fox, all of Dover and USAF-Staff Stg. Ryan Fox stationed in Okinawa, Japan; her nine great grand children, Morgan Brown, the Surdukowski children-Elizabeth, Logan, Sydney, Edison and Preston Jacob, all of Dover, and Tucker, Chase and Aston Dawson of Massachusetts.
Page 2 of 2 - Mary Jacqueline McGann Fox was predeceased by her parents, Alan Warne "Mac" and Mary Stringfellow Lancaster McGann; her in-laws, Edward Seabrook and Dorothy Viall Aplin Fox and daughter-in-law, Judi Fox.
When Jac and Brook fell in love, they started a legacy of love, laughter and life that will last throughout eternity. Finally Jac joined Brook on October 10, 2012.
Services were private.
Arrangements were by the Pippin Funeral Home, Wyoming,Delaware.
Letters of condolence may be sent via www.pippinfuneralhome.com or a contribution may be made in her memory to the American Cancer Society.
Location, ST | website.com

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Ranked among the nation's most integrated healthcare systems, Community Health Network is Central Indiana's leader in providing convenient access to exceptional healthcare services, where and when patients need them—in hospitals, health pavilions, workplaces, schools and homes.
Orthopaedics is the branch of medicine concerned with diseases, injuries, and conditions of the musculoskeletal system, or the body's muscles and skeleton, and including the joints, ligaments, tendons, and nerves.
Orthopaedic surgery is made up of physicians and other healthcare professionals who provide comprehensive orthopaedic services. Their expertise provides treatment and care of diseases, injuries, fractures, and pain.
Orthopaedists also design rehabilitation programs for the physically disabled and participate in ongoing musculoskeletal research.
See more of our awards
More about shops


text: Laura Mercier Crème Brulee Eau de Toilettes is a contemporary and sophisticated fine fragrance that marries soft florals with sheer arrangements of seductive and comforting notes. The unique and style fragrance can be worn alone, mixed together or layered over your favorite body and bath item to create endless experiences. Crème brulee captures the essence of warm caramel, spun sugar, French vanilla beans and white musk.Department: CosmeticsStyle: 12310474


text: Well, for my part of this, I must say it's a great honor to be inducted. Actually it's the second time for me, 'cause actually, earlier when I was inducted with the Yardbirds. It's almost like, inducted, induced, and this time it's the forceps. Some of you will get that. But anyway, thank you very much everybody.


text:
ZF-9168: Zend Form Element Captcha Decorator
When decorating the Zend_Captcha Form element, I use this: $this->captcha->setDecorators( array( 'Captcha', 'Description', 'Errors', array(array('data'=>'HtmlTag'), array('tag' => 'td')), array('Label', array('tag' => 'td')), array(array('row'=>'HtmlTag'),array('tag'=>'tr')) ));
The problem: the first TD HtmlTag element gets replaced by the last TR HtmlTag (after rendering). I have checked this, by removing the last decorator (the TR HtmlTag)
Not sure how to do this right, reassigning.
ZF-5867 is similar in that the opener is aiming for a table using Decorators as well.
Fixed in r22464 and merged into 1.10 release branch


text:
Rated 5 out of 5 by 1 reviewer.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Kasandragreen1 Soooo prettiful! I got a couple of the orange/lavender mugs, one of which I took to work. Nearly everyone that sees it wants to know where I got it. I wish they made an entire set of tableware with this design. Love, love, love it! March 4, 2013
1-1 of 1


text:
PIN: 003768000Click here to view entire publication.
History. This publication is a major revision.
Summary. This regulation establishes policy and outlines the organizational structure for the Army Logistics Assistance Program.
Applicability. This regulation applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the U.S. Army Reserve, unless otherwise stated.
Proponent and exception authority. The proponent of this regulation is the Deputy Chief of Staff, G-4 . The proponent has the authority to approve exceptions or waivers to this regulation that are consistent with controlling law and regulations. The proponent may delegate this approval authority, in writing, to a division chief within the proponent agency or its direct reporting unit or field operating agency, in the grade of colonel or the civilian equivalent. Activities may request a waiver to this regulation by providing justification that includes a full analysis of the expected benefits and must include formal review by the activity's senior legal officer. All waiver requests will be endorsed by the commander or senior leader of the requesting activity and forwarded through their higher headquarters to the policy proponent. Refer to AR 25-30 for specific guidance.
Army internal control process. This regulation contains internal control provisions and identifies key internal controls that must be evaluated in accordance with AR 11-2 (see appendix B ).
Supplementation. Supplementation of this regulation and establishment of command and local forms are prohibited without prior approval from Headquarters, Department of the Army, Deputy Chief of Staff, G-4 (DALO-ORR), 500 Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310-0500.
Suggested improvements. Users are invited to send comments and suggested improvements on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) directly to Headquarters, Department of the Army, Deputy Chief of Staff, G-4 (DALO-ORR), 500 Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310-0500.
Distribution. Distribution of this publication is available in electronic media only and is intended for command levels C, D, and E for the Active Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the U.S. Army Reserve.


text:
You can connect to any database for which you have connection details, or install the sample schema used in the cue card examples and then establish a connection to it. If you installed the sample schema, you will be able to follow the steps in the cue cards exactly as written. If you work with your own database, you can supply your own values as needed.
To begin creating a database connection, you will open the Create Database Connection dialog. To open the dialog, choose File New . In the New Gallery, select Connections in the Categories tree and Database Connection in the Items list. Then click OK.
When you create a database connection, you specify a username and password to authenticate the connection. You may use any valid username and password and connect to any schema.
However, to follow along with the example in the cue cards, connect to the FOD schema by entering
fod as the username.
|Connection Name
|Connection Type
|Oracle (JDBC)
|fod (for example)
|manager (for example)
|Host Name
|localhost (or the name of the host)
|JDBC Port
|1521 (or the port for your database)
|XE (or the SID for your database)
Copyright © 1997, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.false ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,


text:
In this exclusive Rock and Roll Hall of Fame interview with Hall of Fame Inductee Graham Nash, the musician talks about his experience getting high with Jimi Hendrix at a Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention concert, looking for Rolling Stones member Brian Jones.
"Jimi Hendrix and I once went to the Royal Albert Hall to see Frank Zappa and The Mothers of Invention. During the intermission, we spotted Brian Jones up in one of the boxes, and we wanted to go and get high with Brian. So, we got up from our seats, and we started to move along the seats and a spotlight found us. Now, quite frankly we were both on acid, so this bright light hitting us in the face when we thought that we were invisible was quite shocking to us, but we managed to make it all the way to Brian, to the box that Brian was in, and we managed to get higher than we were."


text:
ZF-1103: Cascading delete functionality is not recursive
Cascade delete now deletes only one level of data. For example:
table object: id parent name
data: ||id||parent||name|| |1|null|domain1| |2|1|section1| |3|2|item1|
$objects->find(1)->current()->delete() it deletes domain1 and section1 and not item1. Probably issue is in _cascadeDelete method that deletes rows in dependent table using table->delete($where), not by selecting a rowset and calling ->delete for each row.
In DBMS cascade operations affect all depended tables and their subtables.
Assign to Bill Karwin.
Came across this bug also when I removed a parent of another table which in turn was the parent of a third table from which the affected rows wasn't removed.
On row 887 of the Zend_Table_Abstract in version 1.0.1 within the function _cascadeDelete a row is constructed like this:
It should instead be constructed as something like this:
$toDelete = $this->fetchAll($where); foreach($toDelete as $row) { $rowsAffected += $row->delete(); } ```
By the way - shouldn't this be flagged as a bug rather than an improvement?
Another effect of the current way of deleting rows in depending tables is that it bypasses eventual pre- and post-operations that may have been added to those tables row-classes. Is that an issue perhaps?
Please categorize/fix as needed.
This doesn't appear to have been fixed in 1.5.0. Please update if this is not correct.
Seconding Pelle Wessman's comment regarding the status of this issue; this issue should be marked as a Bug, as the current method of cascading results in unexpected behaviour (ie. it behaves in a manner contrary to every other "cascade" operation I can think of, RDBMS or otherwise).
This indeed is a bug. I was 100% sure that it works like normal cascades in RDBMSs do, until reading it.
Cascades on the PHP level are also useful if you're using triggers in MySQL, because native MySQL cascades don't trigger them on cascaded changes.
Reassigning to Ralph since he's the new maintainer of Zend_Db
Ill attempt to confirm this with unit tests within 2 weeks.
Ralph Schindler, did you confirm this?
Not confirmed yet. But just a thought: what is to prevent circular references from being an issue?
Do you need more information to resolve this issue?
I'd be happy to provide some test cases or anything else you may need. I believe this to be a rather serious issue with Zend_Db_Table.
Yes, can you provide a simple test case that demonstrates the problem? Do you know if it can be demonstrated with the existing database in the unit tests?
I have the same issue. Below is an example of how you can replicate it ...
The SQL Tables and some sample data:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `testtable` (
`rowid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`rowid`)
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS testtable_sub (
rowid int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
testtable_id int(11),
name varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`rowid`),
KEY tts (testtable_id)
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS testtable_sub_sub (
rowid int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
testtable_sub_id int(11),
name varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`rowid`),
KEY ttss (testtable_sub_id)
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS testtable_sibling (
rowid int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
testtable_id int(11),
name varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`rowid`),
KEY ttsb (testtable_id)
INSERT INTO testtable VALUES( 1, "Person 1" );
INSERT INTO testtable VALUES( 2, "Person 2" );
INSERT INTO testtable_sibling VALUES( 3, 1, "Person 1 (sibling)" );
INSERT INTO testtable_sibling VALUES( 5, 2, "Person 2 (sibling)" );
INSERT INTO testtable_sub VALUES( 5, 1, "Person 1 (sub)" );
INSERT INTO testtable_sub VALUES( 7, 2, "Person 2 (sub)" );
INSERT INTO testtable_sub_sub VALUES( 1, 5, "Person 1 (sub sub 1)" );
INSERT INTO testtable_sub_sub VALUES( 2, 5, "Person 1 (sub sub 2)" );
INSERT INTO testtable_sub_sub VALUES( 3, 7, "Person 2 (sub sub 2)" );
The Models/Classes (I have them in separate files, but am just copying/pasting here for speed)
class Testtable extends Table
# This table
protected $_name = 'testtable';
protected $_primary = array( 'rowid' );
protected $_sequence = true;
# Dependents
protected $_dependentTables = array( 'TesttableSibling','TesttableSub' );
# References
protected $_referenceMap = array(
class TesttableSibling extends DB_Table_Abstract
# This table
protected $_name = 'testtable_sibling';
protected $_primary = array( 'rowid' );
protected $_sequence = true;
# Dependents
protected $_dependentTables = array();
# References
protected $_referenceMap = array(
'TT' => array(
'columns' => 'testtable_id',
'refTableClass' => 'Testtable',
'refColumns' => 'rowid',
'onDelete' => self::CASCADE,
'onUpdate' => self::CASCADE,
class TesttableSub extends DB_Table_Abstract
# This table
protected $_name = 'testtable_sub';
protected $_primary = array( 'rowid' );
protected $_sequence = true;
# Dependents
protected $_dependentTables = array( 'TesttableSubSub' );
# References
protected $_referenceMap = array(
'TT' => array(
'columns' => 'testtable_id',
'refTableClass' => 'Testtable',
'refColumns' => 'rowid',
'onDelete' => self::CASCADE,
'onUpdate' => self::CASCADE,
class TesttableSubSub extends DB_Table_Abstract
# This table
protected $_name = 'testtable_sub_sub';
protected $_primary = array( 'rowid' );
protected $_sequence = true;
# Dependents
protected $_dependentTables = array();
# References
protected $_referenceMap = array(
'TT' => array(
'columns' => 'testtable_sub_id',
'refTableClass' => 'TesttableSub',
'refColumns' => 'rowid',
'onDelete' => self::CASCADE,
'onUpdate' => self::CASCADE,
Test Case
$TestTable = new Testtable();
$record = $TestTable->getRecord( array (
"rowid" => $this->view->params['oldid']
) );
Create an object of TestTable, grab one row (find by rowid) and then call $row->delete()
It will delete the record from testtable, testtable_sub and testtable_sibling (both are immediate children of testttable), but any records in testtable_sub_sub, which is a child of testtable_sub are not deleted as you would expect them to be, following the deletion of their parent rows from testtable_sub by the cascade operation.
If you set these same tables up in mySQL as INNODB, using Foreign Keys and cascading deletes, everything happens as it should when you delete the parent record ... would be nice to have reliable functionality at the Zend Level as well for those cases where you cannot rely on the DB to think for you.
HTH, John
Attachment is against trunk.
To use this feature, set the 'onDelete' key of any reference map element to self::CASCADE_RECURSE instead of self::CASCADE.
Changing the _getPrimaryKey() function in Zend_Db_Table_Row_Abstract to have public scope instead of protected is problematic because the Zend coding standard's naming convention does not allow an underscore to preceed a public method's name.
Perhaps you change the _getPrimaryKey() back to protected and add a public getPrimaryKey() that calls the protected function?
I can do that, yes. We do have some places in ZF that have public underscored methods, they are mainly there as a way to "enforce" or demonstrate that they are to be used internally only. Imagine if PHP had class level (or namespace visibility).
But I agree with you, and I can change this. I guess it's not a big deal if getPrimaryKey() is visibly available to consumers of the class.
How does it work for you though? :)
In my initial tests, the recursive deletes are working on my test data.
Two Minor Changes: 1) There are three typos in the comments, both with the spelling of CASCADE. You have spelled it CASECADE. 2) The method comment for _cascadeDelete says "Called by parent table's class during delete() method.", but it should actually be something along the lines of: Called by table row during delete() method, and the parent table's class during _cascadeDelete() method for recursive cascading deletes.
I did have one possibly unrelated question/issue. I tried creating a table relationship where the refColumn defined in the child table's referenceMap is not one of the parent table's primary keys. A cascading and/or cascadingRecursive delete does not work because when the table's _cascadeDelete() method is called, only the primary keys are passed as the second parameter. I'm wondering why only the primary keys were sent and not all of the data. This would allow the following scenario:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `profiles`;
CREATE TABLE `profiles` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`name` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`photoId` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `photo` (`photoId`)
INSERT INTO `profiles` (`id`, `name`, `photoId`) VALUES
(101, 'Profile #1', 201),
(102, 'Profile #2', 202);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `photos`;
CREATE TABLE `photos` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`path` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
INSERT INTO `photos` (`id`, `title`, `path`) VALUES
(201, 'Profile #1 Photo', '/images/one.jpg'),
(202, 'Profile #2 Photo', '/images/two.jpg');
When a profile is deleted, I want the corresponding profile photo (stored in photos table) deleted as well.
Here's my models:
class Application_Model_Profiles extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract
protected $_name = 'profiles';
protected $_dependentTables = array(
class Application_Model_Photos extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract
/** Table name */
protected $_name = 'photos';
protected $_referenceMap = array(
'Profile' => array(
'columns' => 'id',
'refTableClass' => 'Application_Model_Profiles',
'refColumns' => 'photoId',
'onDelete' => self::CASCADE_RECURSE,
The reason I organized the data like this is to allow several different entities (profiles, albums, users, groups, etc.) to store their photo in one table. The cascading deletes, however, do not work because the photoId column from the Photos table doesn't exist in the _cascadeDelete method because only the profile's ID column is passed.
I know this is off-topic for the recursive cascading deletes, but perhaps this new capability could be added simultaneously.
I ran into this issue. My solution is a bit simpler than the proposed one. It's posted on Stack Overflow. My solution only touches the {{_cascadeDelete}} function.
I see a steady trend of this getting put off. What is needed to get this included in a release? It's a bug. True, recursive, cascading deletes are not performed.
Is there any reason this never made it into the framework?
I tested the patch suggested by Pelle Wessmann and it worked for me. +1 for integrating into the framework.
Attached reproducing test case which uses the single-table schema proposed by the original ticket creator:
CREATE TABLE `zfalt_cascade_recursive` (
`item_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`item_parent` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`item_data` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`item_id`)
INSERT INTO `zfalt_cascade_recursive` (`item_id`, `item_parent`, `item_data`) VALUES
(2, 1, '1.2'),
(3, 1, '1.3'),
(4, 3, '1.3.4'),
(5, 3, '1.3.5'),
PHPUnit Result:
PHPUnit 3.4.15 by Sebastian Bergmann.
Zend Framework
Zend Framework - Zend
Zend Framework - Zend_Db
Time: 10 seconds, Memory: 418.00Mb
There were 3 failures:
1) Zend_Db_Table_MysqliTest::testTableCascadeRecurseDelete
Failed asserting that
Zend_Db_Table_Row Object ( item_id = 4 )
is null.
2) Zend_Db_Table_Pdo_MysqlTest::testTableCascadeRecurseDelete
Failed asserting that
Zend_Db_Table_Row Object ( item_id = 4 )
is null.
3) Zend_Db_Table_Pdo_SqliteTest::testTableCascadeRecurseDelete
Failed asserting that
Zend_Db_Table_Row Object ( item_id = 4 )
is null.
Tests: 3, Assertions: 39, Failures: 3.
As you can see, it only deletes the parent row and the first level dependent rowset.
Updated title and description
Attached fix appears to work as expected. After applying the patch, change the onDelete parameter value in the file {{tests/Zend/Db/Table/_files/My/ZendDbTable/TableCascadeRecursive.php}} from {{self::CASCADE}} to {{self::CASCADE_RECURSE}} and the tests will pass.
A similar fix and unit test suite will need to be implemented for {{onUpdate}} as well.
Attached completed patch for onDelete recursive cascade (fix + unit test + manual page update). Will open a separate ticket to implement similar fix for onUpdate
Fixed in SVN r24831.


text:
Women's Lacrosse Falls to Duke in a Double OT Heartbreaker, 10-9
Box Score
ANNAPOLIS, Md. (5/10/13) - Princeton's season ended in a heartbreaking double overtime loss to Duke, 10-9 in the first round of the NCAA Women's Lacrosse Tournament on Friday, May 10 at Navy-Marine Corps Stadium.
Princeton proved to be dominant in the circle winning 17 of 22 in the game but was called for a foul on the last draw giving Duke possession. Maddy Acton scored the game winner 45 seconds later to end the Tigers' season and hopes of advancing.
The game went back-and-forth with Duke never getting ahead by more than one goal, while Princeton inched ahead by two on two occasions.
Sophomore Erin Slifer came up big with a goal at 2:50 in the second half to tie the game at 9-9. She finished the game as the leading scorer with two goals and two assists.
With 10 seconds left Duke was rewarded a free-position attempt and coming up even bigger was goaltender Caroline Franke. Franke thwarted the shot by Erin Tenneson and time expired.
Princeton won the opening draw in overtime and held for the last shot. Senior Sam Ellis was called for a charge while taking that shot and time slipped away before Duke could clear. The Tigers couldn't catch a break as Liz Cutting was given a yellow card, putting Princeton down a player for two of the first three minutes as the teams changed ends. This time it was Duke that held the ball and waited until there was three seconds left before Maddy Morrissey shot wide and the buzzer sounded.
Princeton was called for over-the-back on the opening draw of the second overtime giving Duke the ball and Acton made quick work firing in the goal.
Duke scored the opening goal but 21 seconds later senior Charlotte Davis scored the equalizer. It went back-and-forth this way for the first 15 minutes with Princeton getting goals from Sarah Lloyd and Slifer, while Acton and Kerrin Maurer scored for the Blue Devils.
A three-goal Princeton run sparked by a free-position goal by Davis at 14:58 gave the Tigers the lead. Davis scored on the Tigers' first free-position attempt of the game, and sophomore Erin McMunn found senior Jaci Gassaway for the go-ahead goal. McMunn whipped in a shot at 8:26 that gave Princeton the 6-4 lead.
The teams traded goals to finish out the half as Princeton took a 7-5 edge into the locker room. Princeton's goal by McMunn was hands down the best-looking goal of the night as she had a quick catch-and-release on a feed from Slifer.
Duke erased Princeton's lead by opening up the second half on a three-goal run. Princeton was forced to call a timeout as it trailed 8-2 in shots midway through the second half.
Freshman Alexandra Bruno scored from Gassaway at 12:37 before Sydney Peterson put away a Maurer pass at 8:08.
With 6:45 left in the second half Duke got possession and held the ball for two minutes before calling a timeout to draw something up. The Blue Devils passed the ball around the offensive end before senior Caroline Rehfuss was able to force a turnover in the corner. This possession led to Slifer's goal with 2:50 remaining.
Duke finished the game with a 25-20 edge in shots thanks to a 10-6 differential in the second half. Princeton had a 14-13 edge in shots in the first half. Duke had five more ground balls, 16-11, while both teams had four caused turnovers.
On top of Slifer's four-point effort was two goals and an assist from McMunn. Davis scored twice and Gassaway had a goal and an assist. Franke made four saves in goal.
Duke's offense was led by Maurer, who had three assists and one goal. Morrissey chipped in two goals and one assist, while Trimble and Acton each scored twice. Kelsey Duryea had six saves in goal for the Blue Devils, who will face Navy in the second round on Sunday.


text:
This book was created from a 15 part Autism Series that reflect my son and our incredible journey through Autism; the good, the not so good and the sometimes hilarious. He is my inspiration and my vision. He is my laughter, tears, frustration and warmth. My hope is that this book will inspire laughter, acceptance, empowerment and courage.
20% of the proceeds from each book sold will be donated to Autism Speaks Canada
Rae Stone is a contemporary abstract artist from the West Kootenays of beautiful British Columbia, Canada. Emotionally charged and poignant, Stone's art has been described as dark and mysterious yet inspiring, it makes you question your own human awareness.
Comment posted.
Log in or create an account to post a comment.


text:
A resource for reliable information about significant people, places, events, and things in Minnesota history.
Enmegahbowh (Reverend John Johnson), c.1885.
Enmegahbowh (Reverend John Johnson) and Bishop Whipple, c.1898.
Adults and children walk through the entrance of the J. E. C., c.1940. One of the principle founders of the Center, businessman and philanthropist George Kaplan, is at center in the brimmed hat.
Entrance to Winslow House, St. Anthony. 1860 photo by William H. Jacoby.
Eric Norelius, Swedish-American clergyman.
Ernest Sperry House, 2163 Iglehart, St. Paul designed in 1908. Photograph by Paul Nelson, September 29, 2014.
Eugenie Anderson, 1951.
Eugenie Anderson leaving Christiansborg Palace with Lord Chamberlain after presenting credentials to King Frederick IX, 1949.
Eugenie Moore Anderson, c.1966.
"The European Seminar, July-August, 1938." Itinerary pamphlet cover and pages 1–2. From the Arthur Brin and family papers (1891–1988) in the Manuscript Collection of the Minnesota Historical Society.
Made possible by the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund through the vote of Minnesotans on November 4, 2008. Administered by the Minnesota Historical Society.
Minnesota Historical Society • 345 W. Kellogg Blvd., St. Paul, MN 55102-1906 (Map) • 651-259-3000 © .
Send questions or comments to mnopediamnhs [dot] org. View our Privacy Policy.


text:
Americans try to do anime and manga. American manga/anime always sucks and reeks of the American influence. I love my country and all, but they should leave that stuff to the Japanese. Especially manga... Some American manga I've read, like Divalicious!, My Cat Loki, and others are horrible. Especially My Cat Loki. Oh my god, that was the most horrible manga I've ever had the displeasure of reading.
The main character was a fucking pussy. And has a girly name (Amaya or something like that..). 3 years after his cat died, he was not only still depressed over it, he would still boohoo and get all sad and hadn't painted (supposedly one of his favorite things) a bit in those three years that his kitty had been gone. Then he finds this nasty, mean old stray and takes it in cuz he has a soft spot for it, and the cat very obviously hates him, hates everything he does, causes trouble for him, and even utterly destroys the guy's favorite paintbrush. On and on, you probly aren't interested, blah blah blah... Probably the worst thing about it was the main character. The main character of any story (manga, novel, etc.) absolutely cannot be a wuss. If your main character is a wuss, he's not interesting. He probably shirks any kind of duty, responsibility, adventure-type thing, etc. The only time a wussy character is interesting, is when you can see that they are changing and making improvements. Even so, these kinds are usually secondary or tertiary characters, and eventually become better, and maybe even likable. Amaya or whatever doesn't seem like he's improving (much if at all), plus he's the main character, not secondary or whatever. It just doesn't work. It was horrible. I hated it. (Also, the artwork wasn't the most attractive >.>)


text:
Staybridge Suites Houston I-10 West-Beltway 8
Extended-stay travelers play by different rules and need a hotel that understands your unique needs. The Staybridge Suites Houston I-10 West-Beltway 8 is designed just for you.
Houston's newest Staybridge Suites is conveniently located along Houston's bustling Energy Corridor. The hotel is located at Beltway 8 (Sam Houston Tollway) and Interstate 10 with access to major highways 290, 249, and 59.
Business travelers will benefit from the proximity of our hotel to many companies including Cameron, General Electric (GE) Oil & Gas, Dresser Rand, AMEC Paragon, Invensys, and Travelers Insurance.
Our Staybridge Suites offers easy access to attractions including Baseball USA, Memorial City Mall, and City Centre, where you can find Norris Conference Centers and Mays Business School.
Our rooms are a home away from home with spacious layouts including full kitchens. When it's time to be productive, we have you covered with free wired and wireless fiber optic Internet, Business Center, as well as a meeting room and board room. When you need to burn energy, the Fitness Center, outdoor pool and hot tub will help melt the stress away. For a relaxing evening, join us during the Social (Mon-Wed) or light up the grill in the outdoor courtyard. We also offer free guest laundry and free breakfast daily.
When you are visiting Houston, we know what you need. Staybridge Suites is your best choice for a week, a month or even a year.
Quick Info
- Check In: 3:00 PM
- Check Out: 12:00 PM
- Minimum Check-In Age: 18
- Late Check Out Available
- Parking: Free
- Print Fact sheet
- Chat Online
- Important Update
Hotel Highlights
- On-site Guest Self-Laundry Facilities
- Housekeeping Full Service
- Complimentary Breakfast Buffet
- Standard Wireless Internet service is free for all members
- On-Site Fitness Center Available
- Complimentary Shuttle Available
Guest Reviews
Overall Experience
Great service and amenities
April 19, 2016
We had quite a few people in our group and the amenities at this hotel was able to accommodate us all. We had an early baseball game before breakfast set up, but they made sure we had a few muffins and some fresh coffee. Love this place
Comfortable and accomodating
ByBuisness man 41
April 12, 2016
Good stay for a business trip. The mid week social food and beverage saves time looking for dinner.
Good Value Comfortable Hotel
April 12, 2016
If you are working in this area this hotel is great, there is a short commute. The rooms are comfortable and clean, the breakfast and socials are faultless. The staff are friendly
Comfortable and safer place
March 23, 2016
Breakfast menu options are extremely limited.
I stayed there for 2 weeks and by the end of my visit, I was very much tired of the 'very' same breakfast.
Other than that, great ambience, quiet, clean place.
Will recommend.


text:
June 12, 2013
2013 Division I Baseball Attendance Report (PDF)
TUCSON, Ariz. - The University of Arizona baseball program drew more than 100,000 fans to its games in 2013 and ranked among the national leaders in attendance for the second consecutive season.
A total of 103,877 patrons passed through the gates this year at Hi Corbett Field, a figure ranked No. 14 nationally out of 298 Division I programs. Over the 38 home games, the Wildcats averaged 2,733 per game, which checked in No. 21 across the country.
The inaugural season of Wildcat baseball at Hi Corbett Field drew 105,131 fans to 40 games in 2012 - the second-most in school history. Arizona finished No. 19 nationally in total attendance and No. 26 with a per-game clip of 2,628.
Invigorated by the move to Hi Corbett Field prior to the start of last season, Arizona has reemerged as one of the premier college baseball game-day environments in the nation. The historic ballpark located in the heart of midtown Tucson has been the site of numerous thrilling wins and large crowds the last two years.
Arizona has won nearly 75-percent of its home games with a 58-20 record at its new home. Included was an undefeated postseason in 2012 when the Wildcats hosted an NCAA Regional for the first time in 20 years.
After sweeping the competition before a weekend total of 12,578, the school hosted an NCAA Super Regional for the first time ever and ultimately advanced to the College World Series and won the program's fourth national championship.
The home crowds have proven to be difference-makers late in ballgames. The Wildcats have a dozen last at-back victories in the friendly confines of Hi Corbett Field, including an even six in each of the last two seasons.
Wildcat ballgames have drawn more than 3,000 spectators on 21 occasions at Hi Corbett Field, including five turnouts of more than 5,000. Three of those five crowds have been for games against rival Arizona State, with the other two 5,000-plus contests being an NCAA Regional game a year ago and the 2013 Opening Day back on Feb. 15.
Arizona is scheduled to open the 2014 season at Hi Corbett Field on Friday, Feb. 14. A complete schedule will be announced this fall.
Home at Hi Corbett by the Numbers (2012-13)
209,008 - Total attendance last two seasons
105,131 - Attendance for 2012 season
103,877 - Attendance for 2013 season
14,055 - Highest three-game series total (vs. Arizona State; May 25-27, 2012)
5,677 - Largest crowd (vs. Arizona State; May 26, 2012)
5,145 - 2013 Opening Day Crowd
2,733 - Average attendance at home games in 2013
2,628 - Average attendance at home games in 2012
All-Time Single-Season Total Attendance
113,951 - 1980
105,131 - 2012
103,877 - 2013
All-Time Single-Season Per Game Attendance
3,256 - 1980
2,777 - 1981
2,733 - 2013
2,628 - 2012


text:
SWEET TOOTH Book Release and Special Candy & Confections from the Theo Kitchen
This Thursday, June 14th, we will host a party for local author Kate Hopkin's new book, Sweet Tooth: The History of Candy (7pm, 3400 Phinney N., free!). It's a history of candy and how it evolved from medicine and luxury to corner store ubiquity. We sure enjoyed reading it--and not just because we're featured in it!
Kate has lived in Seattle for nearly ten years, and in 2004 she created AccidentalHedonist.com, which has been a consistently popular blog on all manner of food and drink topics. She was able to parlay this wealth of knowledge into a first book--99 Drams of Whiskey.
"My goal of the blog was to explore the world, but I also found that of the many items that interested me most could be found in my own back yard. For example, chocolate from Theo," says Hopkins. (Aw, Kate--we blush!)
Join us for a short reading, a Q&A with the author, and available for this night only, some of the confections described in the book will get the Theo treatment. For your consideration…
pictured: Pistachio & Cherry Torrone
Torrone: The grand daddy of nougat, Mediterranean of origin, primarily Spain and Italy. Nougat is a confection that in fresh form is a far cry from anything available for mass production. Our kitchen followed the traditional torrone base of honey, egg whites and sugar, but instead of the more common almonds, we used beautiful pistachios.
Wanna know more about it? Well, you'll have to join us, AND buy the book.


text:
Julius Caesar, by William Shakespeare
Doug Joiner, Director
In this modern take on a rich classic, revenge bares its bloody teeth as the "dogs of war" confront a deadly enemy.
This performance is intended for mature audiences only.
ASU Theatre
Maxwell Theatre
Assisted listening devices are available at the box office.Services are available for persons with disabilities. Some services may require four weeks advance notice. Contact the Testing and Disability Services office at 706-737-1469 or firstname.lastname@example.com
Last Updated: 6/29/2016  |  Support Contact: email@example.com (706-667-4100)   |   Powered by UniversityTickets Financial transactions secured with 2048bit SSL


text:
Directions and FAQs
Photo contributors: Elle Studios, Stevan Koye, Nate Rehlander, Carter Rose
Ride to the theater in style with Uber Dallas! New users who enter promo code DTC2016 will receive up to $20 off their first ride.*
No account? Just signup here and the discount will automatically apply to your first ride!
*First time users only.


text:
Disney on Ice returns to EnergySolutions Arena, Nov. 6–10, with a show that will take you and the kids all over the world, and some places found only in imagination, Passport to Adventure. Mickey and Minnie Mouse are the tour guides on this getaway. Stops include settings for The Lion King, The Little Mermaid, Lilo & Stitch and Peter Pan.
We sat down with Moris Pfeifhofer, a 2008 Swiss senior silver medalist in ice skating and one of the stars of Passport to Adventure.
Pfheifhofer has been skating for nearly 20 years and joined the Disney on Ice team in 2012. He played a small role in the Toy Story 3 show, and is currently portraying the roles of young Simba and Peter Pan.
Tell us a bit more about your roles in the show.
"I play the roles of young Simba in the first act and in the second, Peter Pan. I really look like young Simba. I have a mask, a tail and everything. I really look like I'm a little lion. As Peter Pan, I have the tights, I have my green hat, and I have a sword for fighting Captain Hook. We have pixie dust, Tinkerbell is there, the Darling family is there—it really looks like it does in the movie."
What's it like being Peter Pan?
"It's a great role. It's during the whole second act. It's really nice to play the role, because I will be on the ice for 45 minutes. We're flying, we have special effects, we have everything—it's fun."
What is your favorite part of the show?
"I really like The Little Mermaid, because there is a lot of colors and the whole cast will be on the ice, almost 50 skaters, for the entire number Under the Sea. It looks great with all the lights, and of course, Peter Pan, because of the flying and everything."
What's it like being a Disney on Ice skater?
"We're traveling each week, going to a different city. I am from Zurich, Switzerland, and I'm in the US for seven months, so all the cities we're going to are new for me. So, I'm super excited when I tell my friends at home, 'I'm in California, I'm in Florida, I'm in New York.' We always open on a Wednesday or Thursday, so Monday and Tuesday and possibly Wednesday we have open to explore the city or relax or go shopping."
Any message for the Salt Lake City parents?
"Whoever comes to the show will have a great time, because it's the oldest show Disney has on ice, but it's a really, really good show. Everytime I see this show, I get goosbumps. They will love it."
Disney on Ice: Passport to Adventure runs Nov. 6–10. Click here for tickets.


text:
Currency Displayed in
Hover over image to zoom
Copyright 2016 Moviestore Inc.. All Rights Reserved. Sitemap |
Bigcommerce Premium Themes by PSDCenter
All prices are in USD.
Compare Now
Click the button below to add the JOEY HEATHERTON HARRY LANGDON POSE PREMIUM PRINTS AND POSTERS 186225 to your wish list.


text:
Hikari Lionhead Mini Sinking Pellet Food
|Hikari Lionhead Mini Pellets are a daily diet for fancy goldfish, eliminating the need to feed live foods. Hikari Lionhead has been scientifically developed to promote growth and the prominent lionhead shape of goldfish such as Ranchu, Oranda and Azumanishiki. Daily diet for Fancy Goldfish such as Ranchu, Oranda and Azumanishiki Scientifically developed to promote growth and prominent Lionhead shape Mini Sinking Pellets wont cloud water and will maintain good water quality These lionhead goldfish have a rare and exquisite beauty which makes them the elite class of all goldfish.Belief that natural, live foods were indispensable in creating the desirable lionhead shape were rebuffed after our long and strenuous laboratory research. Hikari Lionhead has been developed to produce superior results, while eliminating the parasite and bacterial problems associated with feeding live foods.Key Benefits: These sinking pellets won't cloud the water and won't dissolve over time. This requires more monitoring to avoid overfeeding, but helps reduce water quality problems and is more economical than flake food. Contains stabilized vitamin C & amino acids and helps promote resistance to stress and infectious diseases. Promotes rapid, true-to-form growth and a long, healthy life. Hikari pellets are an excellent daily diet, no supplementation necessary. With outstanding nutrition and superior color-enhancing capacity through Bio-Technology, you'll see exquisite colors in your fish like never before.Ingredients: Shrimp Meal, Cuttlefish Meal, Wheat Flour, Brewer's Dried Yeast, Rice Meal, Spirulina, Protease, Vitamin A, Vitamin D3, Vitamin E, Vitamin K3, Vitamin B12, L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate (stabilized Vitamin C), Magnesium Carbonate, Manganese Sulfate, Calcium Iodate.Guaranteed Analysis:Crude Protein (min) - 46%Crude Fat (min) - 6%Crude Fiber (max) - 5%Moisture (max) - 12%Ash (max) - 10%
Hikari Oranda Gold Floating Pellet Food
|Hikari Oranda Gold, a food developed specifically to promote prominent head growth while enhancing the coloration of goldfish kept indoors where adequate UV rays are not available to help them formulate colors. Excellent for long term health Contains stabilized Vitamin C Rich color enhancing formula Great for Oranda, Lionhead, Azumanishiki, Ranchu and most other fancy goldfish. Regular feeding insures desirable body structure and excellent appearance. Floating PelletsPellet Size 1/8" diameter.GUARANTEED ANALYSIS: Crude Protein 46% Min. Crude Fat 6% Min. Crude Fiber 5% Max. Moisture 12% Max. Ash 10% Max.
Hikari Goldfish Gold Baby Pellet Food
|Hikari Goldfish Gold baby pellets are specially formulated floating pellets to bring out the vibrant colors in goldfish and baby koi. Rich in carotene, an easily assimilated color enhancer, Goldfish Gold starts your pet off right during that all important first year. Complete & balanced natural nutrition Contains anti-oxidants for improved health Floating pellets bring out vibrant colors The carefully balanced nutrients and vitamins will keep your aquatic pet healthy and full of energy. After only a short time feeding Hikari Goldfish Gold, your goldfish or baby koi will begin to look their best!


text:
When I saw this bar, I immediately assumed it was the UK version of the Twix. It comes in a package with two fingers, starts with the letter "T"....you see where I'm headed, right? Having made such quick assumptions about the bar led to much surprise once I opened the Twirl bar to finally taste it. I was totally unfounded with my guess, as Twirl is a totally different kind of bar.
What I did surmise correctly was the style of the Twirl, as it is like a Twix: two separate slender "fingers" make up this bar. The only description on the wrapper reads: "the Intense chocolate hit".
I picked up a finger to smell it, and I couldn't help but feel like I was sniffing a cigar. It smells very milky and tangy and it reminds me of cheese. The tops of the fingers have texture on them that's bumpy and uneven. I can't help but wonder: "What's under there"? There's no cookie in the ingredients list…..
I eagerly took my first bite and I almost immediately had to stop. The texture is very light and crumbly and crumbs fell all over into my lap. I used more delicate force the second try so I didn't make a mess.
The inside is just like a Flake bar: little ribbons of chocolate packed together in a tube. The difference is that the Twirl takes things a step further and enrobes the bar in chocolate so you get double the amount of chocolate. The flavor is so intensely of the dry milk powder. It's really creamy, tangy and has an almost "stinky" taste to it, again, like a blue cheese. Then there a sweetness that envelopes the flavors and washes it all away. I don't really taste "chocolate" at all, just sugar and cream.
Interesting, but not chocolatey enough for me.
Rating: Might Eat Again
Links Cadbury Website