text:
Last Updated On: June 2nd, 2015
Section A
1. Agreement of Terms
We are excited to have you as part of CatholicMatch. Your account with CatholicMatch is governed by the Terms of Service below. These terms may be updated, with the account holder receiving notification by any of the following means: a) communication to the e-mail address registered with CatholicMatch b) postal mail c) Notification in a public area of the site.
When using different services provided by the CatholicMatch network you shall be further subject to any additional terms that may govern these particular services. The terms of these particular services are melded into the overall TOS described here. Examples of particular services include, but are not limited to, CatholicMatch Singles (CatholicMatch), CatholicMatch Events and CatholicMatch Forums.
2. Description of Service
Catholic Match and its associated services (herein known collectively as "The Service") provide users with access to networking, communication, content and education opportunities. These include, but are not limited to CatholicMatch Events, CatholicMatch Singles "CatholicMatch", and CatholicMatch Forums. Any new features that are added to the service are understood to be governed by these terms unless explicitly stated otherwise. You understand and agree that effective use of the Service may depend on the payment of fees for additional services including but not limited to internet access, a computer, and a supported web browser, and that you are responsible for those fees and for ensuring that you have the tools to use the Service effectively. By creating a CatholicMatch account and agreeing to these terms you agree that the Service may send via private e-mail, advertisements, announcements and other administrative and marketing messages the company deems necessary or helpful to its account holders. You understand and agree that these e-mails are a part of the Service, and there is no way to avoid receiving them.
3. Registration Obligations
In agreeing to these terms you acknowledge that you are at least 18 years of age, not legally married, and are able to receive the services provided. Please be aware that divorced members who are not free to marry in the Catholic Church are permitted to use CatholicMatch but not for romantic purposes. If this is your situation, we encourage you to contact your parish priest or Diocesan Marriage Tribunal to determine if you are a candidate for the annulment process. As condition of using the Service, you agree to:
a) Provide honest, accurate, current and complete information about yourself during the registration process. This includes, but is not limited to your name, contact information, profile photograph and billing information.
b) Maintain and update this information to keep it accurate. If any information provided by you is false or incomplete, or CatholicMatch has reason to believe it is false and incomplete, CatholicMatch has the right to terminate your account and refuse you any and all current or future use of the Service
4. Privacy Policy
Registration information provided by you is subject to our Privacy Policy. For more information, see our full privacy and security policy. You agree that through your use of the Service you consent to the use of this information in accordance with the Privacy Policy.
5. Account, Password & Security
Upon registration, you will choose a username and password to access your account. You are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of the username and password and are further responsible for ensuring that no one else uses your account. You agree that you are responsible for all activities that occur under your account, and that you properly exit from your account at the end of your Catholic Match session. You agree that CatholicMatch is not liable for any damages which may result from your neglect of this section.
6. Member Conduct
You understand that all content on the Service-including, but not limited to text, photographs, video or other materials, whether posted publicly or communicated in private is the sole responsibility of the person transmitting the content and the company cannot be held responsible if you are exposed to content that is offensive or objectionable in any way.
You agree that you are responsible for all content you communicate on the service, be it public or private, and further agree to the following terms:
6.1 You agree not to transmit any unlawful, harassing, libelous, privacy invading, sexually and/or racially offensive, abusive, threatening, harmful, vulgar, obscene, or otherwise objectionable material of any kind.
6.2 You agree not to transmit, post, distribute or reproduce copyrighted material, trademarks or other proprietary information without obtaining the prior consent of the owner of such proprietary rights. You agree not to transmit, post, distribute or reproduce material that violates the rights of another, including but not limited to intellectual property rights.
6.3 You agree not to engage in advertising or to solicit members to buy or sell any products or services through the Service.
6.4 You agree not to transmit "junk mail", "spam", "chain letters", or mass distribute any content or to use the Service for any commercial purposes.
6.5 You agree not to send off site contact information in mass amounts or without first receiving consent from the receiving party.
6.6 You agree that you are solely responsible for your interaction with other CatholicMatch members. CatholicMatch reserves the right, but has no obligation, to monitor disputes between you and other members.
6.7 You agree not to include in any publicly accessible section of the website, any personally identifying information beyond what is required for creation of your profile. This includes, but is not limited to, telephone numbers, street addresses, last names, URLs, email addresses, instant messenger names, etc. You also agree not to list your member status, offensive sexual references or suggestive language, photos containing personally identifiable information, other people's images without their consent, nudity or otherwise offensive material in any public areas accessible by CatholicMatch membership. CatholicMatch reserves the right, but has no obligation, to reject or remove any profile or photo.
6.8 You agree not to impersonate any other user of CatholicMatch, or any CatholicMatch employee.
6.9 You agree to abide by all applicable local, state, national, and international laws and regulations in your use of the Service, and agree not to attempt to gain unauthorized access to other computer systems or networks connected to the Service. You also agree not to interfere with the use and enjoyment of the Service by other members.
6.10 You agree not to transmit the login information for any CatholicMatch account, email account, or any other account that has a reasonable expectation of being a private account.
6.11 You agree not to reuse, be it for commercial or non-commercial purposes, any CatholicMatch content, including but not limited to, articles, advice, other members' ads or photos found on CatholicMatch without express authorization.
6.12 You agree not to contact a member of CatholicMatch in any manner other than the CatholicMatch messaging system without the prior consent of the other member.
6.13 You agree not to promote chat rooms, message forums or other online activities which specifically target Catholicmatch members.
6.14 You agree not to contact any CatholicMatch member for the purposes of activities contrary to Catholic moral teaching. You further agree not to contact any CatholicMatch member for the purpose of restricting their activities in support of Catholic doctrine.
You acknowledge that CatholicMatch has the right to edit or delete any and all member-submitted content and to monitor the private messaging system where it is deemed necessary to the security of the company or another member. You agree that you bear all risks that come with relying on the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of all content found on the CatholicMatch network.
You acknowledge that CatholicMatch may disclose your account information over and beyond what is stated in the privacy policy if it is deemed reasonably necessary to do so to comply with the legal process, enforce the terms of service, respond to your requests for customer service or to protect the rights of other CatholicMatch members.
You acknowledge and understand that transmission of the Service may involve various networks and adjustments to adapt to changing technical requirements. You understand that the Service and software embodied within the Service may include security components that permit digital materials to be protected, and that use of these materials is subject to usage rules set by CatholicMatch and/or content providers who provide content to the Service. You may not attempt to override or circumvent any of the usage rules embedded into the Service. Any unauthorized reproduction, publication, further distribution or public exhibition of the materials provided on the Service, in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited.
7. Interstate Nature of Communications on CatholicMatch Network
You understand that in using CatholicMatch to send any and all electronic communications, you will be causing communications to be sent through the CatholicMatch computer network, located in Texas. You acknowledge that even communications seemingly sent within your own in state, will result in interstate communication.
8. Rules Governing International Use
If you live outside the United States, or access the service from outside the United States, you agree to comply with all rules of the host country regarding online conduct and the transmission of data exported from the United States or the host country.
9. Member-Submitted Content
When you submit Content for inclusion on publicly accessible areas of CatholicMatch, including but not limited to, articles, events, and photos, you grant CatholicMatch the right, but not the obligation, to distribute and publish this content on other sites. You grant CatholicMatch the right to publicly display all content and to incorporate it into other works, formats or mediums now or in the future. When you submit photos, graphics or similar content, you grant CatholicMatch the right to modify and adapt the content solely for the purpose of enabling to serve its function on CatholicMatch. This includes, but is not limited to, the cropping of photographs. The CatholicMatch private messaging system is not considered a publicly accessible area.
10. Indemnity
You agree to indemnify and hold CatholicMatch and all subsidiaries, partners, agents and employees harmless from any claim or demand, including reasonable attorney's fees, made by any third party due to content you submitted in either a public or private area of the CatholicMatch network, or due to your violation of the terms of service or of the rights of another CatholicMatch member.
11. No Resale of Service
You agree not to resell the Service, or access to the Service, including access to username and password. You further agree that there are to be no third-party beneficiaries of this agreement.
12. Content Storage
You acknowledge that CatholicMatch may establish limits on the user of the Service, including limiting the number of days the e-mail and all other private communications will be retained, the amount of time deleted photos will be retained and the amount of time message forum postings will be retained. You further acknowledge that CatholicMatch may arbitrarily limit the number of private messages and forum postings that may be made in a given time period. You agree that CatholicMatch may limit the size of private messages and the amount of time you can access the service, or portions of it, during a given period of time. You understand and agree that CatholicMatch has no responsibility for failure to store messages, communication or other Content transmitted through the Service. You understand and agree that CatholicMatch may modify the rules governing these limits as it sees fit.
13. Modifications to Service
CatholicMatch reserves the right to modify or discontinue, temporarily or permanently, the Service, or any portion of it, with or without notice. You agree that CatholicMatch is not liable to you for the consequences of any such modification or discontinuance.
14. Termination
You agree that CatholicMatch may, under any certain circumstances, and without notice, immediately terminate your account and access to the Service, without refund. Causes for such action include, but are not limited to violation of the terms of service, requests by law enforcement or other government agencies, a request by you, discontinuance of the Service. If you commit fraud or other illegal activities or fail to pay fees owed for the Service, this constitutes further grounds for such termination.
The termination of your account entails a removal of access to all portions of the service, and all content, public or private, associated with your account. This includes, but is not limited to, private messages and photos. Termination further entails barring you from future use of the Service at the sole discretion of CatholicMatch.
15. CatholicMatch Advertisers
Your dealings with advertisers or anyone else who promotes their products and services on CatholicMatch are exclusively between you and that advertiser. You agree CatholicMatch is not accountable for any losses and damages you may suffer from dealing with any CatholicMatch advertiser in any way.
16. Links
The Service may provide, or members may provide links to other online sites or content. You acknowledge CatholicMatch does not control these sites or content, and is therefore not liable for any damages which may arise from use of these sites or content.
17. Intellectual Property Rights
You understand and agree that the Service and all that is necessary to deliver it contains proprietary and confidential information protected by applicable law. You further acknowledge the content contained in advertisements is protected by applicable law. You agree not to distribute or create works based on the Service, either as a body of work, or as a small piece thereof.
CatholicMatch grants you a personal, non-transferable and non-exclusive right and license to use the object code of its Software on a single computer; provided that you do not (and do not allow any third party to) copy, modify, create a derivative work from, reverse engineer, reverse assemble or otherwise attempt to discover any source code, sell, assign, sub-license, grant a security interest in or otherwise transfer any right in the Software. You agree neither to modify the Software in any manner or form, nor to use modified versions of the Software, including (without limitation) for the purpose of obtaining unauthorized access to the Service. You agree not to access the Service by any means other than through the interface that is provided by CatholicMatch for use in accessing the Service.
18. Disclaimer of Warranties
You understand and agree that CatholicMatch is not liable for any warranties, implied or explicit, for any purpose. You acknowledge that CatholicMatch makes no warranty that the service will meet your requirements, or that it will be uninterrupted, timely, secure or error-free. You acknowledge any material downloaded or obtained through the use of the Service is done at your own discretion and risk, and the responsibility for any damage to your computer system or loss of content is entirely yours. No advice or information given by CatholicMatch or its partners, shall create a warranty, implied or explicit
19. Limitation of Liability
You acknowledge and agree that CatholicMatch is not responsible or liable to you in any way for losses of any kind that may result from the inability to use the service, or any errors with the service, even if CatholicMatch has been advised of such in advance. These losses, include, but are not limited to, material loss, the loss of goodwill, the loss of data, and the cost of obtaining substitute goods or services.
20. Exclusions and Limitations
If the jurisdiction in which you reside does not allow the exclusion of certain warranties, or the limitations or elimination of liability, then the applicable law in your jurisdiction is what is followed, and the applicable portions of these terms would not apply to you.
21. Entire Agreement
The Terms of Service constitutes the entire agreement between you and CatholicMatch. The relationship between you and CatholicMatch shall be governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania without regard to its conflict of law provisions. You and CatholicMatch agree to submit to the personal and exclusive jurisdiction of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for Butler County.
Failure of CatholicMatch to exercise or enforce any right or provision of the Agreement shall not constitute a waiver of such right or provision. If any provision of the Agreement is found by a court to be invalid, the parties nevertheless agree that the court should endeavor to give effect to the parties' intentions as reflected in the provision, and the other provisions of the Agreement remain in full force and effect. You agree that regardless of any statute or law to the contrary, any claim or cause of action arising out or related to use of the Service of the Agreement must be filed within one (1) year after such claim or cause of action arose, or be forever barred.
Section B
Terms and Conditions of Purchase
All purchases are subject to the following terms and conditions:
Subscription Rates:
The current rates for services offered through CatholicMatch: Click here for our subscription rates
CatholicMatch Billing Plans:
All CatholicMatch subscriptions are auto-renewing. When billing begins, your selected plan will automatically renew at the beginning of each billing period and the Credit Card you provide at registration will automatically be charged. The renewal amount charged will be the then-current price offered to the public for the plan you selected until you choose to cancel. If you cancel, your subscription will terminate at the end of the current billing cycle and will not auto-renew. Other terms & conditions apply; see full details during registration.
To Cancel a CatholicMatch Subscription:
Sign in to CatholicMatch, visit the Account page, then click "Disable Auto Renew"**.
*The initial cost rate is not guaranteed, and can be changed at anytime without notice.
**In order to qualify for the special discounted renewal rates, auto-renew must be set to "automatic" at the time your subscription expires.
***The monthly renewal rate can change, but requires thirty days notice be given to the Purchaser. The renewal rate is only valid for subscriptions that are automatically renewed (via Credit/Debit Card) and may not be combined with any other offer. The term of the renewal rate will be the same as the initial purchase, unless changed by the Purchaser. Charges for renewals will appear no sooner than three days prior to the date the Purchaser's current subscription runs through. The renewal rate cannot be combined with any other discounts or offers.
****Promotional coupons/codes are only valid for online Credit/Debit Card payment transactions.
Additional Terms and Conditions:
- Once the subscriber-only features have been used, refunds are not offered, however, individual requests may be brought to the attention of the customer support team to be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
- If a subscriber's service is terminated due to a violation of the terms of use or other rules which govern behavior and proper use of the website service, we reserve the right to not issue a full or partial refund.
- CatholicMatch does not guarantee a response from emails, emotigrams or forum posts. A paid subscription only provides the Purchaser with the ability to send such correspondence.
By making this purchase and agreeing to these terms, Purchaser authorizes CatholicMatch, LLC to renew Purchaser's subscription automatically at the guaranteed renewal rate, until the renewal subscription is canceled or until profile/account is deleted by Purchaser. All subscription options can be changed by the Purchaser by clicking on the Account link.


text:
Click here
for full forums index
Log in to check your private messages
Log in
Juliana Gray's debut A LADY NEVER LIES
AAR Forum Index
Let's Talk Romance Novels Forum
View previous topic
View next topic
Trish B
Joined: 22 Mar 2007
Posts: 1353
Location: Mid-Atlantic, USA
Posted: Wed Sep 19, 2012 3:51 pm
Post subject: Juliana Gray's debut A LADY NEVER LIES
Has anyone else read this debut and first in her new series?
Affairs by Moonlight: Three English ladies on a holiday escape. Three dashing bachelors competing in a wager to remain chaste. Three scandalous affairs in an enchanted castle. One wildly romantic new series from a brand-new voice in historical fiction...
I am almost done reading
A Lady Never Lies
and I am really enjoying it. It's set in 1890 Tuscany and each book will tell the story of the building romances of the three couples who are leasing an Italian castle for one year. The book is well written, it's witty with great dialogue and the love scenes are very sensual. It's on a level with Sherry Thomas or Meredith Duran, but with a lighter tone - not so angsty.
In ALNL the hero is a self-made man, a scientist and inventor. He's no lothario and I found that refreshing (though he's no nerd either). He's in Italy putting the final touches on his horseless carriage which he will enter into a race in Rome later in the year. The heroine is a widowed marchioness spending a year abroad for reasons of her own. They are a lovely couple and I enjoyed watching them fall for each other.
The two subsequent books will be about their two friends/relatives who have also embarked on this year in Italy for various other reasons and I look forward to reading their stories (tidbits of which we see in ALNL) when they come out. Along with Cecilia Grant, Juliana Gray is one of the most promising new authors I've come across this year!
Later that night, still 1789!
~"Start the Revolution Without Me!"
Back to top
Joined: 22 Mar 2007
Posts: 1343
Location: Seattle, WA
Posted: Wed Sep 19, 2012 7:55 pm
Post subject:
I did read it and liked it a lot. Definitely enjoyed the setting in Italy.
Back to top
Danielle D
Joined: 22 Mar 2007
Posts: 513
Location: Wheaton, IL
Posted: Thu Sep 20, 2012 7:10 am
Post subject:
Thanks for letting me know about this book -- I have to put it on my To Buy List.
So many books, so little time
Now a Lady of Leisure
Back to top
Joined: 06 Jul 2010
Posts: 519
Posted: Thu Sep 20, 2012 9:14 am
Post subject:
Looks interesting. I haven't read it, but the setting and multiple couples reminds me of
Enchanted April
. Wonder if that book inspired the author or whether that's pure coincidence?
Back to top
Trish B
Joined: 22 Mar 2007
Posts: 1353
Location: Mid-Atlantic, USA
Posted: Thu Sep 20, 2012 7:11 pm
Post subject:
Eggletina wrote:
Looks interesting. I haven't read it, but the setting and multiple couples reminds me of
Enchanted April
. Wonder if that book inspired the author or whether that's pure coincidence?
Actually, I think she's more inspired by Shakespeare's
Love's Labours' Lost
, but set in 1890 Tuscany, than anything else. For some the set-up of the three gentleman and three ladies winding up in the same castle may seem forced or silly, but I enjoyed it. And though I haven't finished the book yet, there also seems to be a curse or something in play as well so, again, for some that might not be their cuppa.
For me, I liked the style and tone of the book and will try the other books in the trilogy.
Later that night, still 1789!
~"Start the Revolution Without Me!"
Back to top
Joined: 22 Mar 2007
Posts: 1513
Location: America
Posted: Sun Sep 23, 2012 4:56 am
Post subject:
I found this utterly charming, sophisticated, and sensual. Definitely one of the best historical romances I've read in
. After reading ALNL, I wanted books 2 and 3 immediately, but now I'm glad the books are spaced out because sometimes, a very strong writing voice can overwhelm the story if I glom on the author.
Back to top
Joined: 17 Jul 2011
Posts: 32
Posted: Mon Sep 24, 2012 7:10 pm
Post subject:
This is on my tbr pile but I haven't gotten there yet! Hopefully in the next week.
If you loved this book you should pick up Overseas by Beatriz Williams - the author's actual debut. According to a friend who knows her, when she was offered the contract for Overseas it included writing a romance trilogy, though Overseas was published as historical fiction and got a very nice review grade of B on this site. I believe that others who have read Overseas would argue that it's also a romance. For mysterious reasons known only to publishers, the "real" romances had to be published under an alias with a more romance-friendly author's name. (Or maybe this was the author's idea - not too sure about that point!) Apparently the author is very interested in the 20th century, particularly the period between the two World Wars.
Beatriz Williams' next historical novel will be about the Great New England Hurricane of 1938 - and I suspect it will also feature a romance.
Back to top
Display posts from previous:
All Posts
1 Day
7 Days
2 Weeks
1 Month
3 Months
6 Months
1 Year
Oldest First
Newest First
AAR Forum Index
Let's Talk Romance Novels Forum
All times are GMT - 5 Hours
Jump to:
Select a forum
Announcements Forum
Let's Talk Romance Novels
Let's Talk Romance Novels Forum
Romance Potpourri
Romance Potpourri Forum
Writer's News
Writer's News Forum
General Chat
General Chat Forum
Wild Wild West
The Wild Wild West Forum
post new topics in this forum
reply to topics in this forum
edit your posts in this forum
delete your posts in this forum
vote in polls in this forum
Powered by
© 2001, 2005 phpBB Group

subset: commoncrawl


text:
please explain why Billie Walker instead of Steve Novak starting at the 3?
so whatever happened to that Jimmer Fredette kid?
please explain why Billie Walker instead of Steve Novak starting at the 3?
Lin vs Evans lets see. I didn't particularly care for Lin's defense last night- but he made up for that.
cousins first foul... thats a good sign
Our team chemistry is awesome right now.
I love how Lin keeps his dribble. That was the biggest problem with TD. Oh well, his career is fading now.
Everyone looking good so far, Lin back at it again
Amar'e is playing within the offense.
Knicks are rolling from the get go! I love it.
I really don't like Field's defense. His man seems to always be wide open. I know his confidence is back and he's showing up on offense, but his defense seems to be a liability along with his inability to create off the dribble.
I'm seriously considering starting Shump at the 2.
lets go we are playing like the hoosiers right now


text:
"I prefer a sane world where you are rewarded by providing people with something they want. Not arbitrarily rewarded in a status game that reminds me of chimpanzees." - nazgulnarsil
Here I am with my empire
Ill bring you to your knees
Ebb and flow with my desire
Cause its all that youve been taught to be
omae wa mou shindeiru
It's always interesting how torii survive disaster zones.
When you reset that level, try not to hit that nuclear power plant the next time, darling.
your welcome
it takes offensiveness to a whole new level.
your welcome
Judging by the guy's vocabulary and tone, it definitely was made for children. In fact, when I was in Japan I often watched children shows because I could understand the language easier, and let me say that Nuclear Boy is not the weirdest thing I've seen come from the Japanese media.
There was a show that taught English to kids, and it literally went like this:
[In Japanese] "This is a umi. In English, they say BEACH."
[English] BEACH BEACH BEACH (x10) while flashing pictures of beaches.
*Commcecial break*
"This is a yama. In English, they say MOUNTAIN."
MOUNTAIN MOUNTAIN MOUNTAIN (xwhatever) while flashing pictures of mountains.
The next day it was frying pan and bowl. They don't even teach context or anything, they just bang the words into childrens' heads like they were preparing for a vocabulary test. And the hosts looked weird.
At least Nuclear Boy is technically educational.
how is educating children about nuclear boy's poops and farts in the midst of an earthquake, tsunami and a nuclear crisis even remotely 'honest'?
well, it's not like they were telling children that everything is going to be fine when clearly the shit has yet to hit the fan.


text: These people now have a Pay-Pal account. I got the flathead oil pump from them. It was shipped 7/5/10 and arrived today 7/13/10. Shipping was done by postal serivce. Shipping was 23.80 Euro's. There were no hangup in US customs. Pump looks good. Just like in the pictures on their web site. It comes with a thin metal spacer, 3 different thickness gaskets and instructions. I will get around to putting it on later this week or next. I want to hook up an oil pressure gauge and get readings before and after.


text:
Chilled melon with Seasonal Fruit
Chicken & Mushroom Vol au Vent
Smoked Chicken Salad
Cream of Fresh Vegetable Soup
Leek & Potato Soup
Roast Stuffed Leg of Lamb with a Garlic & Thyme Gravy
Poached Fresh Fillet of Lemon Sole with a White Wine & Chive Sauce
(served with a selection of Frsh Vegetables & Potatoes)
Profiteroles filled wit Vanilla Cream, with Chocolate & Rum Sauce
Bailey's Cheesecake
Tea / Coffee
Should you wish to substitute one of the main course items for Sirloin of Beef a surcharge of €10 per person applies.
This menu also includes the following:
Tea / Coffee & Biscuits on arrival
Champagne on Arrival for the Bride & Groom
Glass of Wine with top up during the meal
Chair Covers
Red Carpet Welcome
Complimentary use of our Banqueting Suite with Stunning Views of Bantry Bay
Fresh Floral Arrangements oneach Table
Cake Stand
Table Plan to suit your Requirements
Personalised Menus on each Table
Roving Microphones for Speeches
Complimentary overnight accommodation for the Bride & Groom
Special Dietary requirements catered for
Double room, rear facing. Sleeps two people. Tea/Coffee in room, TV, Hairdryer, Trouser Press.
Rear facing room with twin beds. TV, Hairdryer, trouser press. Tea/coffee making facilities in room.
Double room boasting stunning views of Bantry Bay. Sleeps two adults in one double bed. Hairdryer, TV, trouser Press, tea/coffee making facilities.
Twin bedded room with stunning views of Bantry Bay. TV, tea/coffee making facilities, hairdryer, trouser press.
Single room, sleeps one adult
Room with double and single bed. Sleeps three people. tea/coffee making facilities, Tv, hairdryer, trouser press.
triple room, sleeps three people, 3 single beds. TV, hairdryer, tea/coffee making facilites.
Large ensuite room with double & single beds. Sleeps 4 people. TV, tea/coffee making facilities, hairdryer.
Sea-facing guest Suite with balcony overlooking Bantry Bay. Sleeps two adults, four poster bed, sitting area, large bathroom including jacuzzi bath. Tv, hairdryer, Trouser Press. Tea/ coffee making facilites.


text:
Nine out of 10 respondents in Ricoh survey say 'information mobility' is 'necessary,' not just nice to have, for their employees.
Malvern, PA, November 19, 2013 - In this new world of work, it's common for knowledge workers to carry a powerful computer in their pocket in the form of a smartphone or tablet. And many organizations sit on terabytes of business information. Yet even with these powerful assets at our disposal, how many of us can really work as productively on the road as we do in the office?Not many.That helps explain why IT decision makers and business unit leaders have identified "information mobility" as a need for a productive workforce. In a recent online survey among select industries in the U.S. commissioned by Ricoh, a global technology company, 9 out of 10 respondents said information mobility is not just nice to have, but in fact "necessary" for their employees, and nearly half characterized it as "very necessary.""Our organization has changed a great deal over the years, however until recently, we were still using the same archaic paper-based accounts payable system. It didn't allow us to access and share information effectively. Invoice processing was often delayed, particularly while approvers were traveling," said David Enriquez, Senior Director, Information Technology at The Miami Marlins. "Ricoh has helped us by implementing a workflow application that enabled routing rules to be entered for multiple approvers and even allowed some invoices to be processed automatically, where appropriate. Ricoh has helped us work better and easily access and manage our information even when on the road, and as a result, we've achieved significant time savings and efficiencies." With more than 75 years of innovation dedicated to helping individuals work smarter, Ricoh sees greater information mobility as a universal need across many vertical industries, including healthcare, legal, government and higher education to name a few. Lack of information mobility would likely harm employee productivity, business processes, and innovation, said approximately 8 out of 10 respondents to the Ricoh survey. More than 2 out of 3 said revenue growth, time to market and new customer acquisition would also likely suffer without it.What we meanRicoh defines information mobility this way:Information Mobility is the ability to make information move to and from its original form whether it is paper, other legacy formats or digital; and the ability to transform for re-purpose, re-use, and search for information; and ultimately the ability to access information anytime, anywhere. To provide information mobility for the new world of work, organizations must obtain and align a strong technical infrastructure, agile information system, and deep understanding of the workstyle innovations required by today's workforce.So what exactly does this mean? To provide deeper understanding, actionable insights, best practices and success stories, Ricoh today unveiled Work Intelligently, an interactive resource that can be found at www.workintelligent.ly. The interactive site helps organizations navigate the new world of work by touching on all aspects of information mobility – from the technologies that are revolutionizing the way people collaborate and connect, to the way information is harnessed to power big ideas, to understanding the workstyle innovations a workforce is implementing to bridge the gaps."It's time to make your information work for you versus making you work to get your information," said Dominic Pontrelli, Senior Vice President of Marketing, Ricoh Americas Corporation. "For example, bringing your own device (BYOD) is no longer a perk. Workers will bring their own device. In order to maximize efficiency with increasingly remote and mobile workforces, organizations need to accommodate the devices that maximize the personal workstyles of their individual employees, and that in turn, will substantially improve their chances for optimal business performance."For details on Ricoh's full line of products, services and solutions, please visit www.ricoh-usa.com.| About Ricoh |Ricoh is a global technology company specializing in office imaging equipment, production print solutions, document management systems and IT services. Headquartered in Tokyo, Ricoh Group operates in about 200 countries and regions. In the financial year ending March 2013, Ricoh Group had worldwide sales of 1,924 billion yen (approx. 20 billion USD).The majority of the company's revenue comes from products, solutions and services that improve the interaction between people and information. Ricoh also produces award-winning digital cameras and specialized industrial products. It is known for the quality of its technology, the exceptional standard of its customer service and sustainability initiatives.Under its corporate tagline, imagine. change., Ricoh helps companies transform the way they work and harness the collective imagination of their employees.For further information, please visit www.ricoh.com/about/###© 2013 Ricoh Americas Corporation. All rights reserved. All referenced product names are the trademarks of their respective companies.
Contacts:Jill SearlJohn GrecoBrodeur PartnersRicoh Americas Corporation(603) 559-5824(973) email@example.com@ricoh-usa.com
* If you don't have Adobe Reader, you can download free.
Page Top


text:
Quick View
Ewephoria Sheep Milk GoudaIf you're feeling vulnerable, then definitely don't have a taste of this sweet, crunchy novelty. Seriously - no one has ever said no. Read More
Quick View
Aged ManchegoPerhaps Spain's most famous cheese, Manchego is a D.O. (Denominacion de Origen) protected cheese, meaning the traditional recipe must use 100% Manchega sheep milk. The breed has proven sturdy enough over the centuries to traverse the rocky, arid central plateau region of La Mancha – where cows just can't hang. Read More


text:
Home Theatre Tickets Musicals Crazy For You
Crazy For You Tickets
With some of the most unforgettable performances in musical theatre, there's huge demand for Crazy For You tickets. Find the Crazy For You tickets you're looking for on viagogo, the world's largest ticket marketplace. Select an event to view the range of tickets available or view the Crazy For You tour on a map to find an event near you. You can also sell your spare Crazy For You tickets on viagogo, and listing tickets is free. All Crazy For You tickets are covered by the viagogo Ticket guarantee!
Sign Up for Crazy For You Ticket Alerts
Sign up for the latest information on upcoming Crazy For You events. Be the first to know when Crazy For You tickets go on sale!
The email address you entered is invalid


text:
Sale Price:
National Geographic embarks on a voyage of breakthrough discoveries that will forever alter our view of the infamous creature once labeled "the perfect killing machine." Join the ultimate great white expedition, featuring Jaws author Peter Benchley and famed underwater photographer David Doubilet. Witness amazing great white shark behavior, including never-before-seen footage of explosive, air-borne "breaching" attacks. Experience the breathless fear of a diver trapped on the sea bottom for over four hours by a hungry great white.
Not available for shipment outside of the U.S. and Canada.
National Geographic DVD Exclusives
For the first time ever, National Geographic presents its programming in DVD-R format. Available exclusively through this site, you can now own more of our award-winning specials and documentaries in a high-quality DVD format.
How our DVDs and DVD-Rs Differ
Customers who purchase programs in the NG DVD Exclusives Library will receive a non-interactive, play only disc. There is no chaptering information on these DVDs, but there are chapter marks approximately every five minutes, which make it easy to fast forward through a program. The DVD-R format provides the digital video and audio quality you expect from all of our DVDs.
NOTE: The NG DVD Exclusives titles are not closed-captioned. We apologize for any inconvenience this limitation may cause.


text:
- Location:
- San Diego, CA
- Party Albums:
- 8
Vintage Baseball Baby Shower (29 photos)
Sign In or Register Now
Take me out to the ball game! Yes we wanted to make sure our sisters baby shower had a vision of going out to the ball game! We had an amazing time planning this baby shower. Our main focus of the baby shower theme was our brother-in-laws vintage baseball picture my sister found and fell in love with the picture and said to us "when I get pregnant & I happen to have a boy I want my baby shower to be baseball vintage". Picture was enlarged and framed in a vintage frame and set up as part of our backdrop for our dessert table.
Our dessert table wouldn't have been complete without the following edibles:
NatsSweets-Sugar Cookies
J at Your Service-Moya Field Backdrop & Baseball Poster
Ronisugar Creations-Candy Apples & Strawberrie Tarts
Hans & Harry- Vintage Baseball Fondant Cake
MKR Creations- Set Up, Stationary, Chocolate Caramel Apples, Cake Pops, Oreo Cups, Centerpiece


text:
We invite you to send us your special intention to be included in the prayers of our sisters. Please respect the privacy of those for whom you are requesting prayers by not submitting personally identifiable information.
Click here to link to our Hospital Sisters Prayer Request submission page. Prayer requests with valid email addresses may result in a response from the Sisters.


text:
Spotlight for Career Services ProfessionalsSpotlight for Recruiting ProfessionalsJune 18, 2014
Slightly more than 30 percent of graduating seniors from the Class of 2014 who applied for a job had one in hand prior to graduation, according to results of NACE's 2014 Student Survey.
The 30.1 percent for the Class of 2014 is a small improvement over the numbers for both the Class of 2012 (29.8 percent) and the Class of 2013 (29.3 percent).
Overall, the percentage of graduating seniors who applied for a job and received at least one offer was 47.9 percent. However, only 62.8 percent of those receiving an offer had accepted an offer at the time of the survey.
NACE collected data for the 2014 Student Survey from February 15 to April 30, 2014. A total of 43,864 students responded from 696 NACE member institutions throughout the United States. Of these responses, 10,210 came from bachelor's degree seniors who indicated that they would be getting their degrees by August 2014. This story is based on the responses from this group of seniors. NACE will release the 2014 Student Survey report in the fall.
JobplaceNACE Blog: http://blog.naceweb.org/
NACE's Tweets: @NACE.org
Contact NACE Staff
NACE's Newsletter: Spotlight
©2016 National Association of Colleges and Employers. All rights reserved.


text:
Workers and residents have watched helplessly as the slow-motion landslide spanning hundreds of yards split a house in two and buckled pavement.
Standing at the edge of the rocky slope, Jackson Fire Chief Willy Watsabaugh said the earth movements slowed somewhat Saturday. That gives crews a chance to re-assess the damage, yet leaves an uncertain fate for the businesses, houses and two apartment buildings in the slide zone.
What triggered the slide remains under investigation. Authorities are looking into whether construction at the foot of the mountainside contributed.
Mead Gruver reported from Cheyenne


text:
Sale Price:
Despite being the largest land animal in North America, the American bison was hunted nearly to extinction in the 19th century. Today herds thrive in the Great Plains. Our clip watch is backed with rich bison leather and features analog styling with luminescent hands, plus a compass for easy-access, hands-free navigation.
1 3/4"W x 5 3/4"L.
(based on 10 reviews)
Ratings Distribution
5 Stars
4 Stars
3 Stars
2 Stars
1 Stars
of respondents would recommend this to a friend.
Best Uses
Most Liked Positive Review
Compact and Functional
I got this for traveling. I love having a compass with me so I know which way to turn when I get off a subway, out of a cab or off the bus. ...Read complete review
I got this for traveling. I love having a compass with me so I know which way to turn when I get off a subway, out of a cab or off the bus. The watch is easy to read and accurate so far.
Most Liked Negative Review
Died in 15 days
Liked the watch but it died in two weeks. Even if it was the battery, that's pretty lame. Plus the instructions say to have a jeweler put in the new battery. Yeah,...Read complete review
Liked the watch but it died in two weeks. Even if it was the battery, that's pretty lame. Plus the instructions say to have a jeweler put in the new battery. Yeah, right.
Reviewed by 10 customers
Sort by
Displaying reviews 1-10
Back to top
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Bison Leather Clip Watch for Christmas
By Horsethistle
from Washington State
Comments about Bison Leather Clip Watch:
Having read the previous reviews, I replaced the battery before I gave this watch as a Christmas present. I was disappointed that the compass seems very fickle. It floats in a plastic bubble of liquid which seems too small for it to freely rotate. It gets stuck often.
Bottom Line No, I would not recommend this to a friend
Was this review helpful? Yes / No
- You may also flag this review
By Bry
from Boise, ID
Easy attachment
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
Ordered 2 for gifts .
By No name
from San Diego
One watch did not work at all and the other was impossible to adjust time .
From National Geographic:Thank you for taking the time to share your comments. We regret that your order did not please you in every way. Our customer service team will be in touch shortly to find a solution that works best for you.
(2 of 2 customers found this review helpful)
By John the Traveler
from Richmond, VA
very good
By no nick name
from amarillo, texas
excellent service
It's everything I wanted it to be.
By Classy Judy
from Rocky River,OH
Beautifully madelooks great on my jeans w/matching color belteasier to use than a wristwatch.no tan line
(3 of 3 customers found this review helpful)
By Steve the Poet
from Connecticut
From National Geographic:Thank you for your feedback about this item. We regret the trouble you had with it. We recommend that the batteries be replaced by a jeweler, who has the tools to remove the waterproof backing on the watch. We understand that you have since been in touch with our customer service department and are pleased with the resolution offered.
Masculine watch stops but compass not
By No wristwatch please
from Orlando, FL
Save your money and get a different watch!!
From National Geographic:Thank you for your comments. We are sending the instruction manual for this watch to you by email.
Great graduation gift
By Cindy
from Maine
Because of the compass part of my sentiment will be "No matter what direction you decide to go, we will be thinking of you." Excellent graduation gift.
By Enjie
from NYC
Returned 48 hours after receiving it because it stopped working.


text:
Pic's from June events!
July 9th, 2015 by Carlos
Wow…. What a crazy and fun month it was!!!
Getting ready for Luminato @Arepa Cafe, thx to Eduardo and Marc for your help!
I was offering *chacapas, a traditional dish from my home country of Venezuela and they're made with fresh corn, corn meal and serve with fresh cheese, basil, sea salt and olive oil. *Corn cakes
Setting up at Luminato!
Chacapas hot out of the grill.
Cooking at one of my private client's home.
Heirloom tomatoes, fiori di late, basil and balsamic vinaigrette.
Roasted beef tenderloin, fingerling potatoes, vegies and red wine sauce
Apple crumble and home made vanilla ice cream
Picking up fresh Boston lettuce and herbs from my client's garden.
Fresh green onions and basil.
Charcuterie display for an engagement party!!
Mini Greek salad on a cucumber cup.
Thank you Luminato for the invited to these year's event and to my dear clients.
To my crew, thank you so much guys for your hard work, love you guys!
Happy Summer.


text:
More New and Used
from Private Sellers
Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, 6th Edition
ISBN13:by Paul D. Kimmel (University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee ); Jerry J. Weygandt (University of Wisconsin, Mad ); Donald E. Kieso (Northern Illinois University )
Questions About This Book?
Why should I rent this book?
Renting is easy, fast, and cheap! Renting from eCampus.com can save you hundreds of dollars compared to the cost of new or used books each semester. At the end of the semester, simply ship the book back to us with a free UPS shipping label! No need to worry about selling it back.
How do rental returns work?
Returning books is as easy as possible. As your rental due date approaches, we will email you several courtesy reminders. When you are ready to return, you can print a free UPS shipping label from our website at any time. Then, just return the book to your UPS driver or any staffed UPS location. You can even use the same box we shipped it in!
What version or edition is this?
This is the 6th edition with a publication date of 12/1/2010.
What is included with this book?
- The Used copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included.
- The Rental copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. You may receive a brand new copy, but typically, only the book itself.
Related Products
Customer Reviews
Good intro book October 17, 2011
For those lacking experience with accounting, this is the text for you. It explains everything step-by-step so that anybody can follow. Getting through this book was quite a learning experience. And I got an A in the class!!!!!!!
Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, 6th Edition: stars based on 1 user reviews.
This successful book continues to provide accountants with an understanding of the fundamental concepts necessary to use accounting effectively. The sixth edition offers new discussions on IFRS, including new codification numbers, examples of IFRS financial statements, and additional exercises. A look at more recent frauds such as the Bernie Madoff scandal have been added. Enhanced discussions of ethics and international accounting are presented. The coverage of non-cash items and their impact on decision making has been expanded. In addition, comprehensive case studies and problems help accountants tie the material together.
Table of Contents
|Introduction to Financial Statements
|A Further Look at Financial Statements
|The Accounting Information System
|Accrual Accounting Concepts
|Merchandising Operations and the Multiple-Step Income Statement
|Reporting and Analyzing Inventory
|Fraud, Internal Control and Cash
|Reporting and Analyzing Receivables
|Reporting and Analyzing Long-Lived Assets
|Reporting and Analyzing Liabilities
|Reporting and Analyzing Stockholders' Equity
|Statement of Cash Flows
|Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
|Tootsie Roll
|Hershey Foods
|Zytar, Plc
|Time Value of Money
|Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.


text:
oxybutynin extended-release - oral, Ditropan XL (cont.)
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Your healthcare professionals (e.g., doctor or pharmacist) may already be aware of any possible drug interactions and may be monitoring you for it. Do not start, stop or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with them first.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and nonprescription/herbal products you may use, especially of: anticholinergic drugs (e.g., atropine, glycopyrrolate, scopolamine ), other antispasmodic drugs (e.g., clidinium, dicyclomine, propantheline), certain anti-Parkinson's drugs (e.g., benztropine, trihexyphenidyl), belladonna alkaloids, bisphosphonate drugs (e.g., alendronate, etidronate, risedronate), drugs affecting liver enzymes that remove oxybutynin from your body (such as azole antifungals-including ketoconazole, macrolide antibiotics-including erythromycin, cimetidine, rifamycins-including rifabutin, St. John's wort, certain anti-seizure medicines-including carbamazepine), potassium tablets/capsules, pramlintide.Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you also take drugs that cause drowsiness such as: certain antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine), anti-anxiety drugs (e.g., diazepam), anti-seizure drugs (e.g., phenobarbital), medicine for sleep (e.g., zolpidem), muscle relaxants, narcotic pain relievers (e.g., codeine), psychiatric medicines (e.g., phenothiazines such as chlorpromazine or tricyclics such as amitriptyline), tranquilizers.Check the labels on all your medicines (e.g., cough-and-cold products) because they may contain drowsiness-causing ingredients. Ask your pharmacist about the safe use of those products.This document does not contain all possible interactions. Therefore, before using this product, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the products you use. Keep a list of all your medications with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist.
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
Need help identifying pills and medications?
Back to Medications Index


text:
Bayhealth has announced its junior board jewelry and bake sales.
The bake sale will be held from 7 a.m. to 2 p.m. Oct. 31 located in the hall outside administration, 640 S. State St., Dover. There will be a wide variety of homemade treats; no costume necessary.
The Pretty Pickin's jewelry sale will be held from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Nov. 4 and from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. Nov. 5 located on the second floor of the pavilion building above the welcome center. Guests can browse more than 6,000 discounted jewelry items, including gold, silver, diamonds, watches and more.
For more information: bayhealth.org.
Location, ST | website.com


text:
More Information
City outlines changes in proposed budget for 2013-14
Published: Sunday, May 12, 2013 at 8:53 p.m.
Last Modified: Sunday, May 12, 2013 at 8:53 p.m.
Wilmington residents may be spared a city property tax increase next year, but the upcoming budget will bring other changes.
On May 7, City Manager Sterling Cheatham's recommended 2013-14 budget was unveiled. Budget writers wanted to hold the line on operating expenses. However, the city is projecting modest revenue growth, so the proposed general fund budget of $87.9 million is about 2 percent larger than the current budget of $86.3 million.
Here are some of the highlights:
Will residents see any tax or fee increases?
The recommended budget proposes keeping the city's property tax rate at 45 cents per $100 of assessed tax value, with 5 cents continuing to be allocated to support the five-year capital improvement plan. Last year, the city's tax rate increased by 8 cents, although 5 cents of that was to break even due to declining property values, so not everyone saw their tax bills increase.
This year's budget proposes upping the golf fee by $1 per nine holes and increasing the stormwater fee by 6 percent, which equates to 34 cents per month for average homeowners, according to city estimates.
What are some new projects or positions the budget would fund?
It would allocate nearly $400,000 to improve city parking decks and the parking lot next to the Community Arts Center. Last year, 19-year-old Joshua Proutey was shot and killed at the arts center lot during a late-night robbery. Cheatham has said the plan to pave the parking lot is not in response to the murder, but the tragedy called attention to the project earlier than the city would have gotten to it.
The budget also includes the first full year of funding for a special police team, dubbed the Mobile Field Force. The team is designed to allay fears and reduce crime across the city.
More than $3.3 million would fund stormwater projects and $130,000 would launch a rehabilitation effort at the city's municipal golf course off Pine Grove Drive.
The budget would fund 13 police officers initially funded using a federal grant that is expiring after three years. The grant included a requirement that the city would have to fund those positions when it expires.
The Wilmington Fire Department will buy a ladder fire truck and the city will replace 61 vehicles.
The budget also adds $25,000 in new funding for the Arts Council of Wilmington and New Hanover County.
Will city workers get raises?
Yes. The budget includes a 2-percent pay raise for all employees and a separate 1.5-percent merit raise for eligible employees. It also adds 1 percent to the city's contribution to employee retirement, which would restore the city's contribution back to 4.5 percent. That's what it was before it was reduced during the recent economic downturn.
In the past, city workers have had to go without raises and officials have said city workers are underpaid.
Can I comment on the budget?
The council will hold a public hearing on the annual budget at its May 21 meeting. They are scheduled to adopt the budget on June 18. The new fiscal year starts July 1.
How can I see the recommended budget?
By visiting the city's website here: www.wilmingtonnc.gov/finance/budget/recommended_budget
Julian March: 343-2099
On Twitter: @julian_march
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


text:
Odontaspis ferox
|Scientific Name:
|Odontaspis ferox
|Species Authority:
|(Risso, 1810)
|Infra-specific Taxa Assessed:
|Regional Assessments:
Common Name(s):
Carcharias ferox (Risso, 1810)
Odontapsis herbsti (Whitley 1950)
Squalus ferox Risso, 1810
|Taxonomic Notes:
|The species was first described by Risso (1810) as Squalus ferox from the type locality at Nice and most early records were from the Mediterranean and eastern North Atlantic. Whitley (1950) described O. herbsti from south-eastern Australia, differentiating it from O. ferox mainly on differences in dental formulae, and the absence of pigment spots. Garrick's (1974) account of two specimens from New Zealand cast doubt on any differences in dentition between the species but retained O. herbsti for the plain-coloured Odontaspis. However, Compagno (1984) reviewed the two species and considered that O. herbsti was a junior synonym of O. ferox, noting (as did Robins et al. 1980) that the presence or absence of spots was highly variable, much as with Carcharias taurus. The existence of spotted specimens outside the Mediterranean Sea, including from California (Seigel and Compagno 1987), is supported by in-situ observations made off Lebanon, New Zealand and Malpelo Island (Columbia), where specimens exhibit considerable variability in the presence, density and size of spots. There may be some regionalised trends controlling the intensity of such pigmentation. In the absence of any further evidence to support the validity of an O. ferox / O. herbsti dichotomy, recognition of the single Odontaspis ferox of Risso, as previously argued by Compagno (1984, 2001), remains valid.
|Red List Category & Criteria:
|Vulnerable A2bd+4bd ver 3.1
|Year Published:
|Date Assessed:
|Pollard, D., Gordon, I., Williams, S., Flaherty, A., Fergusson, I.K., Dicken, M. & Graham, K.
|Cavanagh, R.D., Valenti, S.V., Dudley, S., Soldo, A. & Francis, M. (Shark Red List Authority)
Despite its extensive, almost worldwide, distribution, Smalltooth Sand Tiger Shark (Odontaspis ferox) populations and occurrences are fragmented and the species may be naturally rare. This species is morphologically very similar to Carcharias taurus, although it is larger and bulkier and is presumed to have a very low reproductive capacity, similar to that of C. taurus (producing only two pups every two years). This likely very low reproductive capacity makes it potentially susceptible to local extirpation, even at seemingly small capture rates. Although probably not specifically targeted, there are commercial landings of the species taken in bottom trawls, set-nets and line gear in many areas including the Mediterranean Sea, Japan, and occasionally Australia (although it is now protected in New South Wales). It is generally found in deeper water (down to 880 m depth), but recent observations of small aggregations in shallow water in a number of areas (Mediterranean Sea and Eastern Pacific Ocean) suggests that the species may be more vulnerable to fishing pressure than previously assumed, and potentially susceptible to coastal habitat impacts, similar to C. taurus. Increased demersal trawl fisheries in Australia and New Zealand are now operating in areas of possible and known occurrence. Fishery independent surveys indicate a decline of over 50% in catches off the east coast of Australia (hence the Vulnerable assessment in those waters), probably the result of commercial fishing operations off New South Wales. Similar declines are presumed to have occurred in other parts of its range impacted by fisheries. Given the species' likely very low reproductive capacity, intensive fishing pressure throughout its bathymetric range in the Mediterranean Sea and an absence of management measures there, the decline of O. ferox in this region is suspected to match or even exceed that in Australia, warranting a regional assessment of Endangered. There are very few records from subequatorial Africa, where the species is currently assessed as Data Deficient. Globally, a precautionary assessment of Vulnerable is considered appropriate, as a result of documented and suspected declines, the species' apparent rarity, presumed very low fecundity and high vulnerability to exploitation, and continued by-catch in fisheries.
|Previously published Red List assessments:
|Range Description:
|Records show a very disjunct distribution throughout most of the world's oceans. Overall, the latitudinal range of O. ferox is between 46oN in the Bay of Biscay (Debrosses 1930) to around 38-39oS in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Recorded in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean (including the Cocos-Keeling Islands (Australian Territory)), and the Western Pacific, Central Pacific and Northeast Pacific Oceans.
The first record for the Northwest Atlantic Ocean was in 1989 (Bonfil 1995) and voucher specimens have also been recorded off North Carolina (USA) and Mexico (in the North West and West Central Atlantic). The species has also been reported from Brazil in the South West Atlantic; the first record was based on jaws collected by fishers off Natal, Rio Grande do Norte (Menni et al. 1995, Soto 2001) and there are subsequent records from the Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (03°52'S, 32°25'W) off north-eastern Brazil (Garla and Garcia Jr. 2006). In the Northeast and East Central Atlantic, O. ferox has been recorded from the Bay of Biscay, Madeira, Azores, Canary Islands, Morocco, Western Sahara and widespread in the Mediterranean Sea. In the Indian Ocean, from South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), northeast and southeast of Madagascar in open ocean, Tanzania, El Dabra in the Mozambique Channel, Madagascar, Maldives, open ocean southeast of Sri Lanka, southwest of Sumatra and Cocos-Keeling Islands (Compagno 2001). In the Western Pacific, from Japan, Australia (New South Wales, eastern Victoria), New Zealand (North Island) and the Kermadec Islands (Fergusson et al. 2008), although it is probably more widespread in north-eastern Australian waters than voucher specimens would indicate (P. Last, pers. comm.). In 2004, a large female was caught by an orange roughy trawler in 880m on the Louisville Ridge over 600 nm east of New Zealand (M. Francis, pers. comm.). In the Central and Eastern Pacific, from the Hawaiian Islands, southern California (USA), Mexico and Colombia (Compagno 2001). Photographs taken by divers at Malpelo Island off Columbia have also confirmed the presence of O. ferox in the Gulf of Panama. Diver sightings have also been reported on isolated deep reefs in various other locations.
In the Mediterranean there are published records from Spain and the Balearic Islands (Lozano Rey 1928), Algeria (Moreau 1881, Dieuzeide et al. 1953), northern Tunisia (Capapé et al. 1975), Italy (Giglioli 1880, Tortonese 1956, Vacchi and Serena 1997), Pelagic Islands (Zava and Montagna 1992), the Adriatic Sea (Soljan 1975, Morovic 1976, Soldo and Jardas 2002), Greece and the Aegean Sea (Economidis 1973, Papaconstantinou 1988), and Lebanon (George et al. 1964, Ben-Tuvia 1971, Mouneimne 1977). Mediterranean sites apparently favoured by O. ferox are typically located either along the coasts of islands lying contiguous to deepwater, near offshore seamounts or at mainland localities where continental shelves are narrow, e.g., within the Tyrrhenian Sea, around Sicily, off south-western Malta, off Lebanon, off the southern coast of Cyprus, and around the Dodecanese and Cyclades island groups of the Aegean Sea. Originally recorded off Lebanon by George et al. (1964), O. ferox is now repeatedly observed by divers near Beirut, where it had previously been misidentified as Carcharias taurus. The status of this shark in North African waters of the Mediterranean is patchily known. A small number of specimens are reported and confirmed by preserved dentition from Algerian fisheries (F. Hemida, USTHB/ISN, Algiers, pers. comm.), and literature and contemporary records for Tunisia are equally scant (Capapé et al. 1976). However, specimens are likely still landed at Tunisian ports, from fisheries operating throughout the Sicilian Channel. There is no contemporary data for this species in Libyan or Egyptian waters but it may occur in the slope waters of the southern Levantine Basin.
In South Africa this species is known from a few juvenile specimens recorded from trawls on the outer edges of the continental shelf, off the east coast (Natal) (Bass 1978). Small numbers were observed caught on longline gear at about ~300 m along the south KwaZulu Natal coast, South Africa, in the late 1980's, and further anecdotal information indicates relatively frequent capture of these sharks (of approx 2 m TL) during target fishing for deep-sea sharks and rays (D. Ebert, pers. comm. 2004). Forster et al. (1970) caught what appears to be a large female of O. ferox in deep water off the northeast of Madagascar. There have been unconfirmed, but reliable, reports of sightings of small aggregations of O. ferox around deepwater drop-offs off the Transkei coast in South Africa by divers.
|Countries occurrence:
Native:Algeria; Australia (New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia); Brazil (Fernando de Noronha, Rio Grande do Norte); Cocos (Keeling) Islands; Colombia (Malpelo I.); Cyprus; France; Greece; Italy (Italy (mainland)); Japan (Honshu); Lebanon; Maldives; Malta; Mexico; Morocco; New Zealand (Kermadec Is., North Is.); Portugal (Azores, Madeira); South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal); Spain (Baleares, Canary Is., Spain (mainland)); Sri Lanka; Tanzania, United Republic of; Tunisia; Turkey; United States (California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaiian Is., North Carolina, South Carolina); Western Sahara
|FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Atlantic – eastern central; Atlantic – western central; Atlantic – northeast; Atlantic – southwest; Indian Ocean – western; Indian Ocean – eastern; Mediterranean and Black Sea; Pacific – northwest; Pacific – southwest; Pacific – eastern central
|Lower depth limit (metres):
|Upper depth limit (metres):
|Range Map:
|Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
|A fragmented population and relatively few occurrences suggest that this species may be naturally rare. Regional interrelationships between Mediterranean O. ferox and those from other parts of the open Atlantic Ocean (e.g. Azores, Canary Islands) are unknown. Given the cosmopolitan distribution of this species and its occurrence on both sides of the Straits of Gibraltar, the Mediterranean population cannot be considered disjunct based solely on analysis of records of capture. Genetic work is urgently required to assess this further. There have been unconfirmed, but reliable, reports by divers of small aggregations of O. ferox off the Transkei coast in South Africa. These sightings have been in depths of 20-30 m in areas of deepwater drop-offs (similar to those encountered off Lebanon), suggesting that this species may be more vulnerable to fishing pressure than previously assumed. Further investigation and monitoring of commercially caught small O. ferox in this region is required to assess if this is a nursery area. Large females observed off Beirut, apparently in the absence of any males, sometimes exhibit scars that might have been caused during courtship or mating.
|Current Population Trend:
|Additional data:
|Habitat and Ecology:
Odontaspis ferox is a rarely encountered species that is morphologically very similar to Carcharias taurus, but larger and bulkier and mostly found in deeper water. It is an active-swimming offshore shark, caught and seen as individuals and in small groups (Compagno 2001). Odontaspis ferox lives on or closely associated with the bottom in or adjacent to deep waters along continental and insular shelves and upper slopes to depths to about 850 m (Fergusson et al. 2008). However, it is occasionally observed in very shallow water. For example, divers filmed underwater video of an individual in 20 m of water at the Cocos-Keeling Islands (B. Hutchins, pers. comm., cited in Fergusson et al. 2008). More recently, one capture and several diver observations and photographs of O. ferox in 12-30 m depth at Fernando de Noronha Archipeligo off eastern Brazil were reported by Garla and Garcia Jr. (2006). There are at least 15 records from pelagic zones in open waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, typically in areas proximal to deep-sea ridges and seamounts. Sightings have also recently been made in depths of about 30 m, on reefs adjacent to deep drop-offs in Lebanon and possibly off the Transkei coast in South Africa (Fergusson et al. 2008).
Little is known of the biology of this shark. Its reproduction may be similar to that of the sand tiger shark (C. taurus). Compagno (2001) cites an observation which suggests the species practices uterine cannibalism in the form of oophagy, resulting in the birth of single embryos from each uterus. The smallest recorded O. ferox is 107 cm total length (TL) which suggests a birth size between 100 and 110 cm TL (Fergusson et al. 2008), a size proportionally consistent with the size at birth for the smaller C. taurus (95-105 cm TL, Compagno 2001). O. ferox probably has a non-continuous breeding cycle similar to, or possibly more extended than, C. taurus. The gestation period for C. taurus is 9-12 months with a probable rest year between pregnancies (Compagno 2001).
There are insufficient data to precisely define the size at maturity for O. ferox. Males were estimated to mature between 200 and 250 cm and females between 300 and 350 cm total length (Fergusson et al. 2008) The maximum recorded size for females is 450 cm TL and 344 cm TL for males (Fergusson et al. 2008). An analysis of 64 O. ferox captures worldwide suggests an inverse relationship between shark size and depth, with small juveniles almost exclusively occurring in deepwater (>200m), although the relationship is not strongly defined (R2 = 0.129; p < 0.05; Fergusson et al. 2008). Mature sized O. ferox were caught across their whole depth range (15-850 m) but all small juveniles (<150 cm TL) came from depths greater than 200 m suggesting that parturition occurs in relatively deep water.
The large oily liver probably has a hydrostatic function (Last and Stevens 1994), and may help the shark to maintain neutral buoyancy while swimming. Stomachs examined have contained small bony fish, cephalopods, crustaceans (Last and Stevens 1994, Bass et al. 1975), and small squalid dogfish. A 188 cm female from near New Plymouth, New Zealand, had "the tip of the spine of a small ghost shark (Chimaeridae) impaled in its lower jaw cartilage" (Stewart 1997). A very large O. ferox trawled on the Norfolk Ridge north of New Zealand in 1997 was found to contain a 200 cm seal shark in its stomach. The above information suggests that this species is an opportunistic carnivore (Stewart 1997, cited in Pogonoski et al. 2002). Dentition suggests a more uniform diet of softer prey than in C. taurus (Compagno 2001). Stomachs were empty in specimens examined from the Gulf of Mexico (Bonfil 1995), Malta (A. Buttigieg, pers. comm.), the Azores (P.N. Duarte, pers. comm.), Canary Islands (A. Hernández, pers. comm.), and NSW (K. Graham data, N. Otway, pers. comm.). The only confirmed predator on adult O. ferox is the Cookie-cutter Shark (Isistius brasiliensis), based upon a relatively recent (March 2000) record of a female in the Canary Islands bearing a single fresh cookie-cutter bite to the gills (A. Hernández, pers. comm.).
|Use and Trade:
This species is used for human consumption and for its very large, oily liver, which has reasonably high squalene content (Compagno 2001).
It also features in the aquarium trade.
|Major Threat(s):
Recent evidence of shallow water aggregations in a number of areas (Mediterranean Sea and Eastern Pacific Ocean) suggests that the species may be more vulnerable to fishing pressure than previously assumed, and potentially susceptible to coastal habitat impacts as well as to over-exploitation because of its presumed very low reproductive capacity. Although this species is not specifically targeted by commercial fishing activities, it likely has very low fecundity making it susceptible to local extirpation, even at seemingly small capture rates (Fergusson et al. 2008).
Since the 1970s there has been a substantial increase in deepwater fishing effort worldwide. In particular, significant trawl fisheries have developed on the continental slopes and ocean ridges off Australia, New Zealand and southern Africa, and the now-known depths at which O. ferox commonly lives (300-700 m) are regularly trawled. Similarly, as shallow water fisheries become depleted, fishing gear such as mesh-nets, droplines and longlines are being deployed at increasingly greater depths.
In the Mediterranean, dedicated efforts to detail captures and other indices of its abundance only began in the past ten years or so, and in particular since 1995. Regional literature and fisheries data concerning historical captures is essentially patchy and lacking in detail, so longer-term trends in its abundance are unknown. Moreover, fisheries records are sometimes confused by the widespread use of similar common names for different Mediterranean species; e.g., 'tiger' shark in Malta may refer to this species or indeed to the Shortfin Mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) or the Sandtiger Shark (Carcharias taurus). Occasionally O. ferox is caught by artisanal fisheries in the Tyrrhenian Sea off Calabria, Italy (M. Vacchi, pers. comm.). The species is uncommon in the Adriatic Sea but its current status there is difficult to assess, because of fishery misidentification with other sharks. Until the mid 1990s, occurrences off Croatia included relatively small (<200 cm TL) specimens caught by trawls and deepwater bottom longlines, which were locally confused with, and marketed as, smoothhound Mustelus spp. (Soldo and Jardas 2002). Since then there have been no more records of the species in the Adriatic (A. Soldo, pers. comm.).
Concern for the status of this shark in the Mediterranean is supported by records from New South Wales (NSW), Australia, where specimens of all sizes were caught by trawling on the upper slope. Survey and commercial catch data suggest that numbers of O. ferox on the NSW trawl grounds have markedly declined (by as much as 50%) since the advent of deepwater commercial trawling in the 1970s. In areas of steep un-trawlable terrain, characteristic of many locations in the Mediterranean Sea, gill-netting and longlining are likely to impact on local populations, with mature individuals being particularly vulnerable. Although O. ferox is not specifically targeted by commercial fishing activities in the Mediterranean and elsewhere, its likely very low fecundity make it susceptible to local extirpation, even at seemingly small capture rates.
Specimens are most often taken nocturnally by bottom gillnets, bottom longlines and vertical setlines operating over, or closely adjacent to, rocky or boulder-strewn seafloors. Trawler captures are likely in various areas (e.g., Sicilian Channel and Adriatic Sea). Anecdotal data from SCUBA divers in Beirut, who have encountered O. ferox at a nearshore reef over more than a decade, suggest an erratic decline in the number of sharks being encountered there despite regular diving at the same site each year. It is unclear if wars in Lebanon, which have some limited local impact on the marine environment (ships wrecked, etc.) are a factor. There has been no evidence of sharks being deliberately harassed or killed locally, other than a small number of incidental captures to artisanal fishermen in neighbouring waters.
In recent years, the discovery of at least one apparent aggregation ground for these sharks in the Mediterranean, off Lebanon (Fergusson et al. 2008) clearly indicates the vulnerability of these large, apparently harmless and rather sluggish sharks to human interference or directed fisheries. A particular concern must be degradation of favoured inshore habitats which may be used for reproduction during the summer months, as suspected with the Lebanese site.
Coastal development for tourism, coupled to uncontrolled spearfishing, unregulated coastal fisheries, pollution and increased human aquatic leisure activities may all seriously impact these sharks whilst inhabiting areas outside their deepwater environment, much as they may account for the contemporary acute decline or even disappearance of the (routinely coastal) sandtiger Carcharias taurus from its previous Mediterranean range (Fergusson et al. 2002).
Commercial fishing, whereby this species is taken incidentally, on the outer continental shelf and continental slope is a potential threat to its survival in south-eastern Australian waters.
From the available information, O. ferox was never abundant off New South Wales (NSW), but there is strong evidence that numbers seriously declined between 1972 and 1997. Of the 36 specimens caught by the NSW Fisheries Research Vessel Kapala, 33 were caught between 1975 and 1981 (from 500 slope trawl tows), but only three were taken from about 300 trawl tows made between 1982 and 1997 (Fergusson et al. 2008).
Comparable data are available for NSW upper slope trawl surveys in 1976-77 and 1996-97 where gear and sampling protocols were similar (see Graham et al. 1997). Twelve captures (14 sharks) were made during 246 tows in 1976-77, but only a single juvenile was caught during 165 tows made in 1996-97. Although considered in Pogonoski et al. (2002) as Near Threatened, based on available NSW catch data, reassessment to Vulnerable is warranted for Australia.
New Zealand
There has been limited take for aquarium display (e.g. Kelly Tarlton's Aquarium at Auckland NZ), but the maximum survival in captivity has been 11 months.
South Africa
Small numbers were observed caught on longline gear at about ~300 m along the south KZN coast, South Africa, in the late 1980s, and further anecdotal information indicates relatively frequent capture of these sharks (of approx. 2 m TL) during target fishing for deep-sea sharks and rays (D. Ebert, pers. comm. 2004). Recent evidence of possible sightings of shallow water aggregations off the Transkei coast, South Africa, at depths of 20-30 m suggests that this species may be more vulnerable to fishing pressure than previously assumed.
|Conservation Actions:
In place
Because the numbers of C. taurus along the NSW coast had been seriously depleted by indiscriminate spear fishing, and by some commercial harvesting, that species was protected in 1984 (Pollard et al. 1996). To avoid any misidentification or claims of confusion with O. ferox, both species were included on the NSW protected species list.
Despite this legal protection, compliance is difficult to enforce and carcasses of juvenile O. ferox are sometimes marketed simply as "shark". However, even if they or larger adults were returned to the sea intact, these sharks are unlikely to survive the trauma of trawl capture from deepwater. In a wider context, as exploitation of deepwater fishery resources increases worldwide, fishing mortality of such species such as O. ferox will increase and may put the survival of the species at risk.
The species is presently (2006) being considered for protection in New Zealand (C. Duffy, pers. comm.).
Although the distribution and status of the population in subequatorial Africa is unknown, the apparent rarity and vulnerability of O. ferox means that should any aggregation sites be found, stringent protection would be wise.
At present this species has not been protected from commercial fishing in any subequatorial African country, due to the fact that it has been observed so rarely and no records have been recorded from any commercial vessel.
There are no specific protection measures in place for the Mediterranean, despite its status there. The protection of favoured coastal habitats and more detailed monitoring of catches within Mediterranean fisheries should be priorities. Conservation of frequented sites as a dive tourism attraction could provide an incentive for local protection, as for well-known C. taurus habitats in Australia and South Africa.
This species has been reported by divers at the Cocos-Keeling Islands (Australia) and also other areas such as the Kermadec Islands (New Zealand), the Mediterranean, and Malpelo Island off Columbia. Such community-based dive observations or monitoring may be of use in obtaining information on its biology and knowledge of important habitats in shallow waters.
Further study is needed to accurately determine the distributional range, abundance and biology (including possible migrations, sex ratios, fecundity, etc.) of this species.
Any dead specimens landed by commercial fishing (especially trawling) operations should be retained and delivered to the nearest relevant research organisation, so that more biological information can be obtained.
There is now more evidence that coastal locations are frequented by mature O. ferox on a repetitive seasonal basis, possibly for reproduction. Where identified, these sites deserve stringent protection.
Development of by-catch mitigation measures such as trawl exclusion devices should be undertaken in relevant fisheries.
Bass, A.J. 1978. Problems in Studies of Sharks in the Southwest Indian Ocean. In: E.F. Hodgson R.F. and Mathewson, R.F. (eds), Sensory Biology of Sharks, Skates and Rays, pp. 545-594. Office of Naval Research, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Bass, A.J., D'Aubrey, J.D. and Kistnasamy, N. 1975. Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa IV. The families Odontaspididae, Scapanorhychidae, Isuridae, Cetorhinidae, Alopiidae, Orectolobidae and Rhiniodontidae. South African Association for Marine Biological Research. Oceanographic Research Institute. Investigational Reports.
Ben-Tuvia, A. 1971. Revised list of the Mediterranean fishes of Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology 20: 1-39.
Bonfil, R. 1995. Is the ragged toothed shark cosmopolitan? First record from the western North Atlantic. Journal of Fish Biology 47: 341-344.
Capapé, C., Chadli, A. and Prieto, R. 1975. Les Sélaciens dangereux des côtes tunisiennes. Archives de L'Institut Pasteur de Tunis 1-2: 61-108.
Compagno, L.J.V. 1984. Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species to date. Part I (Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes). FAO Fisheries Synopsis, FAO, Rome.
Compagno, L.J.V. 2001. Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the shark species known to date. Volume 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO, Rome.
Dailey, M.D. 1971. Litobothrium gracile sp.n. (Eucestoda: Litobothridea) from the sand shark (Odontaspis ferox). Journal of Parasitology 57(1): 94-96.
Dieuzeide, R., Novella, M. and Roland, J. 1953. Catalogue des poissons de côtes algeriennes. I. Squales-Raies-Chimere. Bull. Trav. Publ. Stat. Aquic. Pêch. Castiglione (n.s.) 4: 12-274.
Economidis, P.S. 1973. Cataloque de Poissons de la Grece. Hellenic Oceanology and Limnology 11: 421-598.
Fergusson, I.K., Graham, K.J. and Compagno, L.J.V. 2008. Distribution, abundance and biology of the smalltooth sandtiger shark Odontaspis ferox. Environmental Biology of Fishes 81(2): 207-228.
Fergusson, I.K., Vacchi, M. and Serena, F. 2002. Note on the declining status of the sandtiger shark Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810, in the Mediterranean Sea. In: M. Vacchi, G. La Mesa, F. Serena and B. Seret (eds), Proceedings of the 4th European Elasmobranch Association Meeting, pp. 73-76. Livorno, Italy.
Forster, G.R., Badcock, J.R., Longbottom, M.R., Merrett, N.R. and Thompson, K.S. 1970. Results of the Royal Society Indian Ocean Deep Slope Fishing Expedition, 1969. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 175: 367-404.
Garla, R.C. and Garcia J.C., Jr. 2006. Occurrence of the ragged-tooth shark, Odontaspis ferox, at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, western equatorial Atlantic. JMBA2 – Biodiversity Records (published online).
Garrick, J.A. 1974. First record of an Odontaspid shark in New Zealand waters. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8(4): 621-630.
George, C.J., Athanassiou, V.A. and Boulos, I. 1964. The fishes of the coastal waters of Lebanon.
Giglioli, E.H. 1880. Elenco dei Mammiferi, degli Uccelli e dei Rettilli ittiofagi od interessanti per la Pesca, appartenenti alla Fauna italiana, 2: Elenco dei Pesci italiana. Firenze.
Graham, K.J., Andrew, N.L. and Hodgson, K.E. 2001. Changes in relative abundance of sharks and rays on Australian South East Fishery trawl grounds after twenty years of fishing. Marine Freshwater Research 52: 549-561.
Graham, K.J., Wood, B.R. and Andrew, N.L. 1997. The 1996-97 survey of upper slope trawling grounds between Sydney and Gabo Island (and comparisons with the 1976-77 survey). Kapala Cruise Report No. 117, December 1997. NSW Fisheries, Cronulla, Australia.
IUCN. 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2009.2). Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 3 November 2009).
Last, P.R. and Stevens, J.D. 2009. Sharks and Rays of Australia, 2nd edition. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.
Lozano Rey, L. 1928. Ictiología Ibérica (Fauna Ibérica). Peces (Generalidades, Ciclóstomos y Elasmobranquios). Madrid, Spain.
Moreau, E. 1881. Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France. Masson, Paris, France.
Morovic, D. 1976. Apparition de poissons rares dans le mer Adriatique. Rev. Trav. Inst. Pêches Marit. 40(3 & 4): 678-679.
Mouneimne, N. 1977. Liste des poissons de la côte du Liban (Méditerranée orientale). Cybium 3(1): 37-66.
Papakonstantinou, C. 1988. Check-list of marine fishes of Greece. Fauna Graeciae IV. Hellenic Zoological Society, Athens, Greece.
Pogonoski, J.J., Pollard, D.A. and Paxton, J.R. 2002. Conservation overview and action plan for Australian threatened and potentially threatened marine and estuarine fishes. Environment Australia, Canberra, Australia.
Pollard, D.A., Lincoln Smith, M.P. and Smith, A.K. 1996. The biology and conservation states of the grey nurse shark (Carcharias taurus Rafinesque 1810) in New South Wales, Australia. Aquatic Conservation. Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 6: 1–20.
Risso, A. 1810. Ichthyologie de Nice. F. Schoell, Paris, France.
Robins, C.R., Bailey, R.M., Bond, C.E., Brooker, J.R., Lachner, E.A., Lea, R.N. and Scott, W.B. 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society Special Publication Volume 12. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, USA.
Sadowsky, V., Amorim, A.F. and Arfelli, C.A. 1984. Second occurrence of Odontaspis noronhai (Maul, 1955). Boletim do Instituto de Pesca 11: 69–79.
Seigel, J.A. and Compagno, L.J.V. 1986. New records of the ragged-tooth shark, Odontaspis ferox, from California waters. California Fish and Game 72(3): 172-176.
Soldo, A. and Jardas, I. 2002. Large sharks in the Eastern Adriatic. In: M. Vacchi, G. La Mesa, F. Serena and B. Seret (eds), Proceedings of the 4th European Elamobranch Association Meeting, pp. 141-155. Livorno, Italy.
Soljan, T. 1975. I Pesci dell' Adriatico. Arnold Mondadori, Milan.
Stewart, A. 1997. Toothy sand tiger. Museum Marine File. Seafood New Zealand.
Tortonese, E. 1956. Fauna d'Italia. Leptocardia, Ciclostomata, Selachii. Calderini, Bologna.
Vacchi, M. and Serena, F. 1997. Squali di notevoli dimensioni nel Mediterraneo centrale. Quad. Civ. Staz. Idrobiol. Milano 22: 39-45.
Whitley, G.P. 1950. Studies in ichthyology. No. 14.
Zava, B. and Montagna, E. 1992. Di Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) al largo di Linosa (Isole Pelagie, Sicilia) (Selachii, Galeoidea). Boll. Mus. reg. Sci. nat. Torino 10(2): 359-365.
|Pollard, D., Gordon, I., Williams, S., Flaherty, A., Fergusson, I.K., Dicken, M. & Graham, K. 2009. Odontaspis ferox. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009: e.T41876A10582576. . Downloaded on 28 June 2016.
|To make use of this information, please check the <Terms of Use>.
|If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided


text:
|Our Price:
Not sure what optics to choose for a friend? Send an Eagle Optics Gift Certificate instead!
Eagle Optics honors the Eagle Optics Gift Certificate on all orders over the phone or by mail, but if you have any questions about ordering or using an Eagle Optics Gift Certificate, our staff is here to help. Call (800) 289-1132 or e-mail email@example.com anytime!


text:
The Del Rods Car Club will host its Kick-Off Car Show at Greentree Plaza in Dover from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., on Saturday.
There will be a DJ, 50/50 raffle and door prizes. Trophies will be awarded for the top 10 and for the "best in show." Dash plaques will be given to the first 75 cars.
Registration costs $10. All years, makes and models are welcome and registration closes promptly at noon. For more information or to register visit delrods.org or Rich Selg at (302) 674-5365
Location, ST | website.com


text:
Big brown beetle with long antennae and a spiny pronotum
I said this before and I am saying it again (and I'll probably say it again in the future): sidewalks are good places to find dead insects. This big brown beetle with long antennae and a spiny pronotum was also a recent sidewalk casualty. Its body is almost exactly 3 cm long.
If I am not mistaken, it is an Ortosoma brunneum, commonly known as the brown prionid. According to Lester & Papp's Common Insects of North America (1972), the 3 ridges on the elytra (wing covers), visible in the picture above, are characteristic of the species, as are the 3 teeth along the edges of the pronotum, visible in the picture below.
The larvae of O. brunneum feed on dead trees. This is one reason why we need to have more deadwood around. Otherwise, we will start losing the species that depend on dead trees.


text:
No matter what your favorite kind of music is, you can probably find it somewhere in Utah this weekend, starting with this troika of old-school ska, jammy blues and the Utah Symphony tackling the King of Pop.
Deer Valley Music Festival: The Music of Michael Jackson with The Utah Symphony, Deer Valley, Saturday, 7:30 p.m., $32 general admission
It's easy to be skeptical of these performances that combine the talents of the Utah Symphony with a pop artist's catalog, but I went to see the Queen show last summer, and I'm now sold that it can work. The singer for that show certainly had Freddie Mercury's voice down, and the guitar player that joined the fray was a competent-enough Brian May impressionist. This summer's Deer Valley Music Festival opens with a night of Michael Jackson's music, and he's always been a favorite of mine (never mind the tabloid silliness—the man had serious skills as a songwriter and performer). James Delisco is the man tasked with delivering MJ's vocals; he won some singing reality show on the E! Channel. Here's hoping he's up to the task. Even if he's not, I'm hopeful the symphony members will break out into the "Thriller" dance at some point. It could happen!
Stretch Armstrong/Swim Herschel Swim, reunion show, Rail Event Center, Saturday, $12 advance/$15 day of the show
Long-time Utahns will recall that well before bands like the Mighty Mighty Bosstones, No Doubt and Reel Big Fish helped turn ska-tinged tunes into mainstream "alternative" hits, Utah (and particularly Provo) had a thriving ska scene. A couple of the leaders of the Utah ska movement—Swim Herschel Swim and Stretch Armstrong—are reuniting this summer for a show that also includes long-time local faves Insatiable and 2 1/2 White Guys. It's a perfect night to break out the old dancing shoes and take a ride in the way-back machine.
Chris Robinson Brotherhood, The Depot, Sunday, 8 p.m., $20 advance/$25 day of the show
When I look at a CD cover and see one of the band members credited with "keyboard wizardry," that's typically a sign for more to put the CD down and slowly back away from the prog and/or jam band. But I didn't do it this time because of the man whose name gives the band its moniker–Chris Robinson. Better known as the lead singer for the Black Crowes, Robinson is now leading the Chris Robinson Brotherhood around the country while his original band is on hiatus. The CRB's new album, Big Moon Ritual, is indeed a big proggy, jammy blast of the blues-rock Robinson is known for, and the band is known for throwing a few worthy covers in its sets.


text:
Welcome and Explore
One of the most beautiful spas in the south of England, Bailiffscourt Spa is a luxurious retreat set in delightful gardens and just a short walk from unspoilt Climping Beach.
The superb facilities include a state-of-the-art gym, outdoor 'infinity' pool and tennis courts, relaxation areas and calming treatment rooms, where our highly experienced therapists offer a wide range of body and beauty treatments using acclaimed Temple Spa products.
The spa is complemented by a wonderful choice of body therapies and beauty treatments, designed to relax, de-stress, revitalise and restore essential balance to body and mind. Our highly skilled and caring therapists will work with you to understand your needs and create a tailor-made treatment or programme that is perfect for you.
With a suite of calming treatment rooms, professional therapists and tranquil relaxation areas, Bailiffscourt Spa is the place for you, your body and your lifestyle.
For more information on suggested routes for walks, download our map.
Opening Times
- The Spa is open from 7.00am to 9.00pm weekdays and 8.00am to 9.00pm weekends
- We offer family swim times from 10.00am to 11.00am and 3.30pm to 5.00pm every day
- We ask that children are accompanied by an adult at all times whilst in the Spa
- Under 16s are not permitted to use the hot tub, Jacuzzi, sauna or steam room
Our treatment rooms are open from 10.00am to 8.00pm every day. Earlier and later appointments are available on request.
For more information, please call us on 01903 723576 or email email@example.com
Bailiffscourt Spa is proud to announce it has been awarded The Good Spa Guide's 5 Bubble Rating.


text:
Gardening Articles: Care :: Plant Care Techniques
Strawberries in May
by Paul Bush
Otho Wells harvests strawberries from May 1 to June 15, at least six weeks before and for two weeks longer than is the norm in New Hampshire. Wells, professor of plant biology at the University of New Hampshire, developed this technique of overwintering strawberry plants under 6- to 7-foot-high plastic-covered tunnels, or hoop houses. While his method promises to support an important niche for market gardeners, ambitious home gardeners can benefit, too. It's not magic. Wells has simply adapted planting techniques long used in the South and West and added a hoop house.
Seven Steps to Early Harvest
Raised Beds
The first week in October, Wells builds raised beds (10 inches high and 14 inches wide) within a series of tunnels at the university's horticulture farm in Durham, New Hampshire. He adds a 1-inch layer of compost to the soil, as well as any nutrients needed as indicated deficient by soil tests. Once the soil is ready, he tamps the beds with a sheet of plywood so the soil is firm and flat. He then lays drip irrigation hoses on the beds and covers them with black plastic, which he later cuts to insert plugs.
Black Plastic Mulch
The black plastic and the hoop house work together to keep both soil and plants warm. "When it's -15? F outside, the soil inside is only frozen 1/4 inch deep," says Wells. That means there's no need to mulch the plants to protect the strawberry crowns from winter cold.
Strawberry Plugs
As soon as the beds are prepared, Wells plants young transplants rooted from runners, or "plugs," of 'Chandler' strawberries. This, Wells notes, is the key to his success. "'Chandler' has superb quality," he says, "with good size and flavor and excellent productivity." Originally developed to overwinter in California, 'Chandler' has been shown to have a 99 percent survival rate in New Hampshire hoop houses, and it produces nearly a pound of berries-that's a level quart-per plant. Wells has tried several varieties and plant types, including northern-bred June-bearers and bare-root plants. Productivity of other tested varieties was significantly less, and bare-root plants proved much less winter hardy. Although 'Chandler' strawberries are early producers, gardeners seeking the earliest harvest can plant the variety 'Sweet Charlie' as well. Though not as productive, 'Sweet Charlie' ripens one week earlier than 'Chandler', around the last week in April. Wells emphasizes that strawberry plugs are essential to getting the strawberries off to a good start. The strawberries grow in the plug trays - filled with a peat moss and vermiculite soil mix - for four to five weeks. Unlike bare-root plants, the plugs are easy to slip through 2-inch by 2-inch slits in the plastic and their strong roots won't be damaged in the process.
Wells recommends planting in double staggered-rows with 12 inches between the rows and 10 inches between the plants in each row. Planted this way, you'll need 72 plants for a 30-foot bed.
Though he's only tested his system in southern New Hampshire, he believes the technique is viable throughout the North. "It'll work up to the Yukon Territory," he says, then pauses and backtracks a bit. "But if it gets to -30° to -40°, you might have to mulch the plants."