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It was star-studded night at the 56th annual Grammy Awards. With artists – new and old – coming together, and a handful of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductees taking to the stage. The night included rememberances of Hall of Fame Inductees Lou Reed and Phil Everly, as well as 2014 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductee Dave Grohl taking honors for best rock song for "Cut Me Some Slack," a collaboration from his Sound City soundtrack that features Paul McCartney, former Nirvana bandmate and fellow 2014 Inductee Krist Novoselic and Pat Smear. From Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr to Madonna to Stevie Wonder, there were numerous Inductees getting into the live act at the Grammy Awards.
Dozens of couples, representing all demographics: gay, straight, interracial, young and old said "I do" during Macklemore & Ryan Lewis' performance of "Same Love" featuring Mary Lambert and Rock Hall Inductee and seven-time Grammy Award–winner Madonna. Lewis, the group's producer, told The New York Times, the wedding "will be in our minds the ultimate statement of equality, that all the couples are entitled to the same exact thing."
Carole King joined Sara Bareilles (who performed songs by Laura Nyro at the 2012 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony) to perform a medley of King's "Beautiful" and Bareilles' "Brave." Their dueling pianos, solid harmonies and undeniable chemistry united generations and made for a stunning performance.
Daft Punk, Pharrell Williams, Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Nominee Nile Rodgers and Stevie Wonder had the same idea, coming together and performing Daft Punk's 2013 super hit "Get Lucky."
Concert pianist, Lang Lang and Metallica also came together performing the heavy metal band's "One." The unlikely pair shocked the masses my making the ostensibly odd pairing work in their favor. According to the Los Angeles Times, this marks Metallica's first performance at the Grammys in more than 20 years. At the 1989 Grammy Awards, Metallica performed the same song, "One," nominated at that time for their album ...And Justice for All.
Last, but certainly not least, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr reunited on stage performing "Queenie Eye" from Macca's latest album, New. According to Rolling Stone, this reunion is one of only a handful of times McCartney and Starr have performed together. Starr also performed solo and played "Photograph" from his 1973 album, Ringo.
Discover generations of rock and roll at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum in Cleveland, Ohio.


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ZF-4954: Some Record Objects don't define public variables
For example Offer, EditorialReview, CustomerReview and some record classes more don't define their possible options as public variables. Code completion is not possible. Also several other classes don't have comments on their variable type.
Will be fixed in next minor release 1.8 or even 2.0, is fixed in trunk as of r12662

subset: commoncrawl


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Joined IHG® Rewards Club at a Hotel?
Joining is easy and free
Earn points at over 4,700 hotels
Redeem points for free rooms and more
Contact your local IHG® Rewards Club Customer Care to source your PIN
and to update your profile with your email address. When you receive your PIN
you can also update your email address via www.ihg.com/updateemail.
Reward Nights
When redeeming points for a Reward Night, you may only book one room at a time.
Once you complete your Reward Night reservation you will be given the option to duplicate this reservation.
* Requires affiliation in the respective organization.
** Best Available Rate Search does not include affiliation rates.
To book more than 9 rooms for one stay or request a quote, please use our Easy Meetings tool, call 1-800-MEETING (in United States, Mexico and Canada) or contact a Global Sales Office.
The Holiday Inn Express & Suites Ft. Lauderdale Airport West is centrally located four miles from the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) and is less than six miles from the Port Everglades Cruise Port & the Greater Fort Lauderdale/Broward County Convention Center. The campuses of Nova Southeastern University, Broward Community College, Florida International University and Florida Atlantic University are minutes away.
Our hotel offers free round
View More
Our hotel offers free round trip transportation to the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport call hotel for times & availability. For a nominal fee drop off transportation is provided to the Port Everglades cruise terminal.
Our convenient location offers easy access to all major highways including I-595, I-95, I-75 and the Florida Turnpike and is minutes from all the excitement downtown Fort Lauderdale offers.
Full-service features and amenities include a free full hot breakfast, fitness center and outdoor Pool. This hotel provides spacious guest rooms, refrigerators, microwaves, coffee makers and 32in flat-panel HDTVs.
For business travelers, this Davie / Plantation, FL hotel provides modern conveniences like free high-speed Internet access in all suites (wired & wireless), spacious work desks, two-line telephones with voice mail and a business center. The Dolphin Meeting Room can accommodate small meetings.


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Smoked & Flavored
Quick View
River's Edge Chevre
Up in SmokeEvery time we carefully pull back the edges of the maple leaves that so delicately contain the bright, woodsy cheese bundles from Oregon's Rivers Edge Chevre, we feel like we're unwrapping a gift from the tree nymphs themselves. Read More
Quick View
Lioni Latticini
Smoked MozzarellaAfter generations, the Lioni family has perfected the moist and delicate curd of their pasteurized cows milk mozzarella. They take it a step further here with a heady treatment of hickory and cherry wood-smoke. Read More
Quick View
Maple Leaf
Smoked GoudaPerfecting the craft since 1912, Maple Leaf, the Wisconsin farmer cooperative makes a creamy Gouda with real smoky flavor from Hickory. Read More


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ZF-10414: Incongruency between Zend_View docs and Advisory - Default encoding
In the Zend_View Docs at (Version 1.10): http://framework.zend.com/manual/en/…
it says: "encoding: indicate the character encoding to use with htmlentities(), htmlspecialchars(), and other operations. Defaults to ISO-8859-1 (latin1). May be set via setEncoding() or the encoding option to the constructor. "
In the advisory at: http://framework.zend.com/security/advisory/…
it says: "The afore-mentioned [Zend_View] classes have been reworked to use a default character encoding of UTF-8...a decision was made to default to UTF-8 for the internal encoding mechanisms used by Zend_View. "
These two documents seem to be conflicting.
Although, looking into my Zend_View object (version 1.9.8) it appears that it does default to UTF-8 - so the Documentation for Zend View is more likely to be the wrong one.
abstract class Zend_View_Abstract implements Zend_View_Interface
* Encoding to use in escaping mechanisms; defaults to utf-8
* @var string
private $_encoding = 'UTF-8';
Thanks for the report -- the issue was indeed in the documentation, and I've updated it in trunk and the 1.10 release branch.


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The latest album from Quincy Jones, Q: Soul Bossa Nostra, will be released on November 9th and has Quincy-produced tracks re-done with some of the biggest recording artists. Billboard was able to sit down with this legendary producer and musician to hear his thoughts about each track and what it was like working with artists like Amy Winehouse, John Legend, B.o.B., Ludacris, Snoop Dogg and many others.
Read the article.


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Tag1 Consulting, Inc. keeps your website fast.
We are a Drupal-focused consulting firm specializing in performance and scalability for the entire software stack running your website (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP). We have a broad skill set with experience in much more than stock Drupal and the standard LAMP stack. We focus on scalability using tools such as Varnish, APC, Memcached, load balancers, high availability clustering, integration with CDNs, infrastructure design and deployment, networked file systems, Solr, cloud services and more.


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Alcoa's OspreyCam at Badin Lake returns to watch pair
Published: Friday, April 5, 2013 at 9:38 a.m.
Last Modified: Friday, April 5, 2013 at 9:38 a.m.
Alcoa has brought back its popular OspreyCam, a live camera that follows a pair of osprey who make their home at Badin Lake. The OspreyCam can be viewed online at www.alcoa.com/ospreycam.
Alcoa originally launched the camera in May 2012 to follow two osprey — named Oliveea and Oscar by Alcoa employees — who return every year to a nest situated atop the Narrows Dam. Last year, viewers were able to closely watch the development of three baby chicks as they grew and prepared to take flight.
More baby chicks are on the way.
Oliveea recently laid two eggs that should hatch in late April. Viewers will be able to watch as the chicks are hatched and will be able to take part in a contest to help name the birds.
The OspreyCam has received more than 541,000 hits from 87 countries since it was introduced.
"The response has been incredible," said Mark Gross, technical manager for Alcoa Power Generating Inc. "We have been following these birds for several years, and it's exciting to share these amazing images with people around the world."
Visitors can follow updates on the bird in a related blog on the Alcoa site and can join in the conversation on Twitter using the hashtag #AlcoaOspreyCam.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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ZF-8721: Zend_Service_ReCaptcha_Response breaks reCaptcha API doc recommendation
Quote from the reCaptcha API documentation: "The response from verify is a series of strings separated by \n. To read the string, split the line and read each field. New lines may be added in the future. Implementations should ignore these lines"
Zend_Service_ReCaptcha_Response::setFromHttpResponse() breaks this recommendation by strictly testing the line number of the response:
if (count($parts) !== 2) { $status = 'false'; $errorCode = ''; } else { list($status, $errorCode) = $parts; }
instead of testing it with an inequality, thus, test should be:
if (count($parts) < 2) { // modified line $status = 'false'; $errorCode = ''; } else { list($status, $errorCode) = $parts; }
Corentin Larose
I finally thing that this issue should be a minor bug.
Additionally, exceptions are thrown if either the challenge or response fields are empty, in the following method:
protected function _post($challengeField, $responseField)
..but this means an exception occurs in you present a captcha to the user but they enter nothing. Surely the way ReCaptcha is intended to work would include an empty (response) field as simply another permutation of an incorrect response.
e.g. if a user doesn't enter a response at all, they'd expect to see the normal 'Incorrect. Try again.' message when the ReCaptcha is re-displayed. With these exceptions being thrown, the only way to recreate the intended behaviour (using Zend_Service_ReCaptcha in a stand-alone sense here) would be to catch these exceptions, and then in the catch block simulate the outcome by manually setting the appropriate error code.
I suggest these exceptions for 'missing' challenge/response fields are not needed, and contradict the expected behaviour of ReCaptcha..
[~jonnott]: I agree. I don't think the exceptions should be thrown when the challenge and/or response is missing. I can fix this but need to make sure the core guys think it's OK.
I will anyways fix the issue above.
[~jonnott] Could you create a separate issue on this tracker with what you mentioned, and assign it to me? This current issue will be closed soon.


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ZF-10974: Zend_Db Performance sample code mistake: utilize a combination of vsprintf() and array_walk() to inject the values into the SQL
Zend_Db Performance sample code mistake: utilize a combination of {{vsprintf()}} and {{array_walk()}} to inject the values into the SQL
by the document, it show us the sample code like below :
{quote} // $adapter is the DB adapter. In Zend_Db_Table, retrieve // it using $this->getAdapter(). $sql = vsprintf( self::SELECT_FOO, array_walk($values, array($adapter, 'quoteInto')) ); {quote}
but by the php manual, we know {{array_walk}} only return true or false .
http://us.php.net/array_walk http://us.php.net/vsprintf
so the {{vsprintf}} method did not return the right formatted sql as expected.
Fixed with r23643 (replace array_walk by array_map)


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Anne H. Ackles of Dover passed away Monday, November 19, 2012 at Cadia Rehabilitation. She was 91.
Mrs. Ackles was born December 30, 1920 in Tolland CT to the late Steve & Katie Stachelek.
She worked as a nurse for many years, retiring in the 1990's. Mrs. Ackles enjoyed knitting & time with her family.
In addition to her parents she was preceded in death by her husband, Frank Ackles, son, Richard Ackles, daughter, Patricia Ann Bureau, brother, Joseph Stahelek and sisters Mary Falotico and Rose Smith.
She is survived by her son, Pete Ackles of Dover; sister Patricia Matanis of Davie, FL; son-in-law Bill Bureau of Foxborough, MA; grandsons Joshua D. Ackles and William F. Bureau.
Funeral services will be held 11am Tuesday, November 27, 2012 at Torbert Funeral Chapel, 61 S. Bradford Street, Dover, DE 19904. Friends may call one hour prior. Interment will be in Lakeside Cemetery.
In lieu of flowers the family suggests contributions be made to Compassionate Hospice.
Letters of condolence may be sent, and guestbook signed at torbertfuneral.com.
Location, ST | website.com


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Patuxent River Naval Air Museum Association
Launching Ideas ... Recovering History
Time: September 26, 2010 from 4pm to 5pm
Location: Patuxent River Naval Air Museum
Street: 22156 Three Notch Road
City/Town: Lexington Park, Md 20653
Website or Map: http://www.paxmuseum.com
Phone: 301-863-7418
Event Type: first, in, a, lecture, series
Organized By: Education Committee
Latest Activity: Sep 11, 2010
Export to Outlook or iCal (.ics)
"Life Before NAS Pax" will be the subject when the Patuxent River Naval Air Museum Foundation kicks off its quarterly speaker series on Sunday, Sept. 26, 4-5 p.m. at the museum.
The Patuxent River Naval Air Station is the leading economic engine of Southern Maryland, with more than 20,000 military and civilian employees. Its impact on the area's growth has been incalculable.
There was a time, however, before the air station even existed, when Southern Maryland was a rural community. Farming, particularly of tobacco, was the leading occupation. It was a time when numerous farm buildings, an auto dealership, two churches, the town of Pearson and a summer colony existed on what is now NAS Patuxent River.
Those days will come alive again in a casual and relaxed "fireside chat" where people who remember those days will tell their special stories. Local historian Johnny Cook has organized a dynamic forum of six community leaders who will provide a living history of life in Jarboesville (Lexington Park's original name) and surrounding areas in those long-ago days, and Dr. Julia King will moderate. Listen and learn what life was like from these living legends:
Jane Yowaiski, who will share memories of her life as a community political leader;
State Sen. Roy Dyson, who will share stories passed down to him from his mother;
Nell Levay, who will describe the challenges faced by families who moved from their homes to make way for the new naval air station;
Webster Dyson, who will tell about life as an African-American in 1940s Southern Maryland; and
Ann Lancaster, who will share her memories as daughter of the postmaster.
Agnes Dean, who will share her experiences of selling and moving from her farm.
"Life Before NAS Pax" is the first of what will be a quarterly Educational Speaker Series in preparation for the Centennial Celebration of 100 years of Naval Aviation in 2011. Each program's theme will center on the Patuxent River Naval Air Station.
The first program is sponsored by Sabre Systems, Inc. Sponsors are being sought for the remaining programs in the series. For more information, email the Patuxent River Naval Air Museum Association at firstname.lastname@example.com.
© 2016 Created by Patuxent River Naval Air Museum. Powered by


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Vehicle License Plates
Vehicle license plates are introduced in Grand Theft Auto III with the player's ability to explore in a three-dimensional environment making plates viewable. The feature has very little use aside from cosmetic purposes.
License plates in GTA III and Grand Theft Auto: Vice City are static textures, with all plates in GTA III reading LC R29. In GTA Vice City there are a few different variants of plates, including a Florida one, however all of them are illegible.
License plates are dynamic in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, generating a random 7 character number in the format AB12 3CD, divided into groups of four and three characters. Each of the three major cities in San Andreas have their own plates and some vehicles have their own custom license numbers. Note, however, that during a session of play, all cars of the same model will have the same number plate (for example, all Landstalkers will have the same plates). These will change if a new session of play is started, even if stored in a garage.
For Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories and Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories, license plates in both games feature a "LC" (Liberty City) and "VC" (Vice City) prefix, respectively, followed by a four-digit number. While still more varied than in GTA III and GTA Vice City, the games only offer a limited number of license numbers, with each of them specific to certain vehicles models.
In Grand Theft Auto IV, license plates do not have an actual letter-number combination. Every vehicle that has a license plate has "LIBERTY CITY" in large blue capital letters, with the exception of the immovable trailers found ingame, which all bear the registration "ON-10N EC". Beneath the registration name is "Liberty City State". These license plates are based directly on current New York license plates, as seen here. It is possible that the plates were intended to have a letter-number combination, much like the vehicles in GTA San Andreas.
The license plates in Grand Theft Auto V are indicated to be registered in the state of San Andreas and are modeled after the design specifications of the Californian baseplate design for 1994—1998 and 2000—present. As opposed to adopting a cursive typeface for the state name, however, the San Andreas plate uses a block typeface reminiscent of Californian baseplates from 1987 to 1994. The plate numbers are also implied to be dynamic, following an eight-character format that consists of a two-digit numbers followed by three letters and a three-digit number (i.e. "12ABC123"), similar to the format used on Californian plates since 1980 ("1ABC123").
Custom plates
Custom plates are typically vanity plates featured on special vehicles, such as vehicles belonging to certain individuals or custom vehicles. Such plates has been seen in use in both GTA Vice City and GTA San Andreas, but for the latter, they cannot be saved in garages as they will simply revert to a usual seven digit plate.
The license plate in GTA III. A handful of vehicles, such as the Landstalker, still feature this plate in GTA Vice City.
See also


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Here are answers to some common questions about updating Windows automatically.
With automatic updating, you don't have to search for updates online or worry that critical fixes or device drivers for Windows might be missing from your PC. Windows Update automatically installs important updates as they become available. You can also set Windows Update to install recommended updates automatically or let you know that they're available. You can also choose whether to turn on Microsoft Update, which delivers updates for other Microsoft products. Optional updates, such as language packs and updates from Microsoft Update, aren't installed automatically.
If you reached this page from http://www.windowsupdate.com or http://update.microsoft.com, these websites are no longer required to use Windows Update or turn on Microsoft Update. Instead, you can do everything with Windows Update in PC settings.
Open Windows Update by swiping in from the right edge of the screen (or, if you're using a mouse, pointing to the lower-right corner of the screen and moving the mouse pointer up), tapping or clicking Settings, tapping or clicking Change PC settings, and then tapping or clicking Update and recovery.
If you didn't turn on automatic updating when you first started using your PC, you can change your settings any time in Windows Update.
Open Windows Update by swiping in from the right edge of the screen (or, if you're using a mouse, pointing to the lower-right corner of the screen and moving the mouse pointer up), tapping or clicking Settings, tapping or clicking Change PC settings, and then tapping or clicking Update and recovery.
Tap or click Choose how updates get installed.
Under Important updates, choose the option that you want.
Under Recommended updates, select the Give me recommended updates the same way I receive important updates check box, and then click Apply.
If you use automatic updating, you won't need to check for important and recommended updates at all. Windows Update will check for these updates and install them when they're ready.
If you don't use automatic updating, you should check for updates yourself at least once every week. We usually release important updates once a month. However, updates could be released at any time.
No matter what your settings are, some updates aren't installed automatically. This includes optional updates and updates that require you to accept new terms of use. When these updates are available, Windows Update will let you know that they're ready to be installed.
Tap or click Check now, and then wait while Windows looks for the latest updates for your PC.
If updates are found, tap or click Install updates.
Read and accept the license terms, and then tap or click Finish if the update requires it.
You might need to restart your PC to finish installing some updates. Save and close all your files and apps before you restart so you don't lose anything.
Windows Update is free. However, depending on how you're billed for your Internet connection, standard local and long distance phone charges, Internet service charges, metered data plan charges, or mobile data charges might apply for the time required to download an update.
We keep an update history in Windows Update so that you can check which updates were installed and when. You can also use this list to remove specific updates, but it's usually not a good idea to remove them unless you have a specific reason.
Tap or click View your update history.
We'll let you know on your sign-in screen if you need to restart your PC to finish installing updates, and you'll have the choice to restart right away or postpone the restart for up to 3 days. If you're away from your PC for an extended period of time, Windows will automatically restart your PC to finish installing updates.
Yes. Windows Update provides very important updates for performance and security, so we'll let you know if an update can't be installed.
Try running the Windows Update Troubleshooter.
For more info, see Troubleshoot problems with installing updates.
See all support pages for performance & maintenance.
Ask a question in the
community forums.


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Whether you loved me or hated me it makes no matter, im just popping my head up again to check on forum life since this is the last forum i ever posted on.
A few things have happened in my life since my departure from the forum (no it doesnt involve my literary skills improving ) but i turned 18, dropped out of an apprenticeship, started a plumbing course, made a vast amount of friends, oh, and i grew my hair down to my shoulders like it used to be.
I dont feel like ive changed much but i know i have, might it be for better or worse i cant say, but im enjoying my life alot more than i used to.
Now all of the formalities are out of the way, whats up old forum bruvvas hows life treatin ya


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The following courses have special sign-up procedures.
L course instructions
An L course is a class with a cap on the number of students who can enroll. When a maximum enrollment exists, it is listed online in the Directory of Classes. L courses are taught both at Barnard or at Columbia.
Some L classes also require the student to receive approval from the instructor and/or the department in order to enroll. If myBarnard (in the Comments and Reminders box) or the online directory of classes indicates that some permission is required, obtain the necessary approval(s) AND complete the online L procedure. If particular approval or a special procedure is required, you should follow that procedure, but you are not required to show proof of approval to the Registrar.
Signing up for L Courses
L signup will take place in mid-November, mid-April, and the first two weeks of each semester. There are also additional L signup windows in December and over the summer. See the Academic Calendar. Students do L signup on the program page of myBarnard. Appointment times are displayed on that screen, and there is a link to instructions. Scroll down to see all information and transaction records.
You can enter call numbers at any time but you can add or drop an L course only during your appointment times.
- Enter an L course call number in the ADD box in the Modify Course List area and click "Submit",
- You will be prompted to scroll down to the L Course Signup area
- The call number will already be in the L Course Signup area. During an appointment time, click on "Add".
- If you do secure a place in an L course, the course will appear in the List of Courses, marked by a red L. You do not need to do anything more, except talk to your adviser and have your program approved by the deadline.
If you are unable to complete the L course procedure for a particular class (e.g., the class is full) the class will NOT appear in List of Courses. You may continue to try to secure a place until the end of your last appointment.
Dropping an L Course
If you decide not to take an L course for which you have completed the L procedure, you must drop it by the same procedure you used to add it:
- Enter the call number in a DROP box in the Modify Course List area and click "Submit"
- Scroll down to the L Course Signup area
- Click on "Drop" during your appointment time
- The class will NOT disappear from your List of Courses until you complete the drop in the L Course Signup area
Wait List Function
Note: Not all L courses have a Wait List.
Additonal note: Barnard students must follow these instructions. The process is different for Columbia students.
You may join the Wait List for no more than three classes.
Enter the call number in the Add box. Scroll down to the L course area. Click on the Add button there.
If the course has a Wait List, you will see the Join Waiting List button. If you wish to be added to the Wait List, click on that button.
The system does not understand if you join the Wait List and then also file an L Permission form. If you secure permission via the L form, please Cancel Join before you bring us the form.
Changing Your Mind
If you add an L course to myBarnard and decide not to take that class but have not done the L procedure yet, scroll down to the L Course Signup area, and click on "Cancel Add". If you have done the L course procedure for a class and then you drop it from myBarnard (without having dropped it from the L-course database) you may still keep your place in the class and restore the class to myBarnard. Scroll down to the L Course Signup area, and click on "Cancel Drop".
The Shop Button
The best way for you to secure a space in an L course is to follow the instructions above. If you wish to know which sections of a multi-sectioned class (e.g., Elementary Spanish II, Calculus I, Principles of Economics) have space available, you may use the "Shop" button.
- Within the L Course Signup area you will see Check course section availability (Shop).
- Enter the call number of an L course and click on "Shop".
- You will see a list of all available sections of that course.
- Follow the procedures described above to add the section of your choice.
- Please note that you will NOT see sections that have a time conflict with other courses on your program, even if space is available.
- You will see the "Shop" button only during appointment times.
Changing Sections
The L-course database will not allow you to add two sections of the same course. If you have secured a space in a section (e.g. ECONW 1105 section 01) and want to change to another section (e.g. ECONW 1105 section 02) you can:
- Use SHOP (above) to make sure that there is space in ECONW 1105 02
- Enter the call number of section 01 in DROP and the call number of section 02 in ADD (within the Modify Course List area)
- Click "Submit" to make the change on myBarnard
- Scroll down to the L Course Signup area and click "Replace" to make the change in the L-course database
"Replace" will only be available for two sections of the same class. It will not be available for other add/drop combinations. "Replace" will NOT work if you have not secured a place in the section you are dropping.
If you didn't use "Shop" to make sure that the new section has a space for you or if the new section has filled up "Replace" will not be successful. If this is the case, click on the "Cancel Replace" button. You will then be able to keep or drop the original section.
Unexpected Time Conflicts
myBarnard will not allow you to enter two courses that meet at the same time.
Very rarely, there may be a discrepancy between what courses appear in myBarnard and what courses are in the L-course database.
If you are trying to do the L procedure and the L-course database thinks there is a time conflict, you may be offered a button allowing you to remove the (mysterious) conflicting class from the L-course database.
Once you have cleared up the time conflict in the L-course database, try the ADD again.
If you are unable to resolve the time conflict (or, indeed, for any problem you are unable to resolve), please be in touch with the Registrar's Office so we can help you.
Be sure to scroll down the screen and read all messages before talking to the Registrar's Office.
If an L class is full and you secure the instructor's permission to enroll (during program filing), file the L Permission form.
If you added an L Course to your myBarnard program but did not (or were unable to) complete the L-Course process, after program filing, file the L Petition form
We can better help you if you give us the exact messages you received in the Comments and Reminders box and in the L Course Signup area.
Physical Education
Physical Education classes cannot be entered on advance programs. Add PE to your program in September or January.
First-year students who have been given priority for the PE lottery are guaranteed a place in some class, but must enter the lottery to choose which class. Transfers wishing to take PE, or first-years not given priority who wish to take a course, must enter the lottery. All other students must enter the lottery.
The Barnard Physical Education Lottery takes place on myBarnard during the first week of classes. The results are posted on myBarnard at 5pm on the Friday during the first week of classes. PE classes begin on Monday of the second week of classes.
Columbia Physical Education classes are limited enrollment. Barnard students may do L signup for Columbia PE starting the first Thursday of the semester.
Be sure to add to your program the call number for any PE course or varsity sport you plan on participating in.
Students who enter as first-years must complete the one required semester of PE by the end of the first year.
Language Placement
To begin a language above an introductory level, you must take a language placement exam. See the list of exams, times and places on the Academic Calendar at the beginning of each semester. If you take a language placement exam, the resulting placement is final and supersedes any other method of placement.
Voice Lessons
If you wish to take voice lessons (Music BC1501 or BC1502), you must attend a tryout on the first Wednesday or Thursday of the semester, starting at 6 pm in 405 Milbank. Pick up a form from, and return it to, 319 Milbank before the tryout. To qualify for a tryout, students must be able to teach themselves a song from a printed musical score. NOTE: There is a $1,000 course fee attached to voice lessons (except for students majoring in Music). There is a $500 fee attached to instrumental lessons at Columbia (except for students majoring in Music or performing in the orchestra).
Lessons at MSM or Juilliard
A student who has passed the audition at Manhattan School of Music must file a form (also available at the Registrar's Office) by the program-filing deadline each semester in which she wishes to take lessons at MSM. A student who has been accepted into the joint A.B.-M.F.A. program with Juilliard must file a form (also available at the Registrar's Office) by the program-filing deadline each semester in which she remains in the program.
Jewish Theological Seminary Courses
Students planning on taking a course at the Jewish Theological Seminary should see Professor Beth Berkowitz for the list of approved courses. Do not include JTS courses on your Barnard program. Registration and tuition payment should be done through JTS.
Columbia Core courses
If you wish to enroll in one of the Columbia core courses (Humanities C1001 or C1002, or Contemporary Civilization C1101 or C1102), see your Class Dean at the beginning of the semester, but be aware that very few spaces will be available. Students who were placed in one of these classes in the fall semester may continue in the spring semester but must notify the Registrar of the exact course section.
Columbia Graduate/Professional School Courses
Barnard students may not take graduate or professional-school courses at the 6000-level or higher, with some exceptions. Students may take advanced graduate courses with the approval of instructor and adviser.
For permission to take courses at SIPA, see Dean Runsdorf. There is no advance signup for SIPA courses; you cannot enter a course on your program, even if you have permission, until September or January.
For information about Journalism and graduate Business courses, consult Dean Lewis.
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Permission is needed to take a course at Teachers College. At the beginning of the semester, secure an application from the Registrar's Office, obtain the proper signatures, and return the completed form to Dean Friedman. TC courses require the payment of additional tuition at the Teachers College per-point rate, over and above Barnard tuition.
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To request credit for an independent study, submit the Request for Approval of Independent Study by the final program-filing deadline in January or September.
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If you have completed your physical education requirement, you may request a point for a dance technique class. Wait until September or January, when you are sure you have been admitted to a class, before filing the form. Please note that we cannot adjust point value until after your adviser has approved your program.
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When you add a variable-point course to your program, the credit defaults to the lowest value. If you are taking this course for a higher value, you must submit the Variable Point Course Form No adviser's signature is required. Please note that the point value will not be adjusted until after your adviser has approved your program.


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ZF-1335: Provide table-specific SELECT queries with select() method
Original message by Michael Depetrillo:
I was wondering if it made sense to add a select($cols) helper method to Zend_Db_Table that would return an instance of Zend_Db_Select.
Model_Lead extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract { $_name = 'leads_table'; }
$lead = new Model_Lead();
$select = $lead->select(new Zend_Db_Expr('COUNT(*)')->where('status = ?', 'pending');
echo $select; // select COUNT(*) from leads_table
This would be very helpful in centralizing tables names through models.
There was a typo in my original message. The example above should return "select count(*) from leads_table where status = ?".
A workaround that exists right now is the following:
$lead = new Model_Lead();
$select = $lead->getAdapter()->select();
$select->from($lead->info()['name'], 'COUNT(*)');
$select->where('status = ?', 'pending');
This issue is related to ZF-836, which requests a feature of a table method fetchCount().
We aren't going to address this use case in ZF 1.0. We would like to provide a solution later, but I'm going to postpone this issue for now.
With the new Zend_Db_Table enhancements you can now perform
$lead = new Model_Lead();
$select = $lead->select();
$select->from($lead, 'COUNT(*)')->where('status = ?', 'pending');
Does that satisfy the requirements of this request? If so I'll mark it as complete.
Michael, can you please verify that Simon's solution is adequate?


text: These three M&Ms were the first flavored Limited Editions that came out. At the time this trend was just starting, and these appeared on shelves in the summer of 2007 in select M&M world stores. Thankfully I lived close to New York City at the time and could get some of the flavors for myself. I seem to recall there being more flavors than just these three. I remember a mint one as well I think.


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Penn Social Learning Disorders Program
Group Programs
Adults with Aspergers Syndrome and other social learning disorders have unique social deficits that interfere with their ability to communicate effectively, find employment, and develop meaningful interpersonal relationships. Many cannot effectively "read" nonverbal social cues such as facial expressions and body language. Their ability to intuit others' emotional states is limited, and therefore they have trouble predicting the behavior of others. These problems in communication often lead to misperceptions of other people's feelings and motivations.
Click on a link below to learn about our group programs:
Social Skills Seminar for Young Adults
The Social Learning Disorders Program of the University of Pennsylvania Psychiatry Department offers an innovative 8 week social skills seminar designed for young adults to improve social skills. The program was developed under the direction of Mary Riggs Cohen, Ph.D., and has been running for more than five years. It is currently under the direction of Carol Moog, PhD.
- The seminar focuses on noticing and understanding nonverbal communication which helps promote conversational, job interviewing, and relationship skills.
- The curriculum explores evolutionary, anthropological and human developmental roots of social behavior and emphasizes observation and practice of social skills.
- In addition to role playing and other activities designed to enliven in-class learning, each participant spends the last hour working individually with a social coach outside the classroom. The social coaching component of the program is invaluable in that it takes students into real-world situations to try out new behavior.
- Past participants have reported feeling successful in improving social skills. Preliminary studies found that after completion of the seminar, students experienced more motivation to socialize as well as significantly reduced social anxiety.
This 8 week class is designed for young adults with Asperger Syndrome, High-Functioning Autism or Social Phobia who would like to improve their social awareness and sense of social competency.
Seminar Dates & Times
The seminar will not be offered in Spring 2014. Please check back for future dates.
Penn's Adult Social Learning Disorders Program
3535 Market Street, 16th Floor - Room E
Philadelphia, PA 19104
The cost of the seminar is $800. It is a tuition payment and is not insurance reimbursable.
Seminar Instructor
To Enroll or for More Information
To reach Dr. Moog directly:
Carol Moog, PhD
Clinical Director Social Learning Disorders Program
Senior Instructor: Social Skills Seminar
Direct contact: 610-667-1540
Click here for a printable version of the Fall 2013 seminar information.
For more information about our program, please call our intake coordinator at (215) 573-1159.


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After (A)pollonia, his two versions of Cherubini's Médée and Verdi's Macbeth, the Polish stage director has returned to La Monnaie with a new production of Alban Berg's Lulu. The hidden frustrations and fears of men are expressed in their violence towards this woman, who, in Krzysztof Warlikowski's vision, is depicted as a borderline creature whose childhood dreams are about achieving a form of infinity through the discipline of classical ballet. The work contains startling contrasts between an ideal of purity, imaginary perfection and a reality which imposes its savagery until murder is committed in the end. The exceptional work of the Viennese composer – unfinished at the time of his death in 1935 – is presented with the third act whose orchestration was completed by Friedrich Cerha.
Do you remember the first time you saw a performance of Lulu?
It was Krystian Lupa's staging of Frank Wedekind's work. In a way it became a legend because, after the successful final dress rehearsal, the premiere did not go very well and Lupa decided to cancel all of the performances.
What is your view of the two plays by Wedekind which inspired the Berg's libretto for his opera, Earth Spirit (Erdgeist) and Pandora's Box (Die Büchse der Pandora)?
I read them when I had seen the film by Pabst with Louise Brooks. The subject interested me immediately of course, but Wedekind's slightly weighty expressionist style has always bothered me. I therefore quickly gave up the idea of staging them. What Berg did is very different. In a certain way, he distances the stylisation in order to give it an existence or human truth.
In mythology, Zeus created Pandora in order to take revenge on man after Prometheus stole the fire. In addition to this legendary figure, there is Eve from the Old Testament, Lilith in the rabbinical tradition and Lulu. How do you interpret our culture's need to give evil and misfortune a woman's body and face?
At the beginning of the 20th century, when Warsaw was under Austro-Hungarian cultural influence, there was a scandal surrounding the presentation in one of the city's museums of a painting entitled Insanity by the young painter Władysław Podkowiński. It depicted a nude woman whose long hair blended with the mane of the horse she was sitting on. She appeared to be in ecstasy or having an orgasm. The reactions were extremely violent. Some people felt that it brought evil into the city and tried to destroy the painting. There are many examples of women who cause fear or murderous frenzy in bourgeois society. How can this be explained? It is hard to say. Nowadays in Poland, feminists take part in social life and intervene in a wide variety of subjects. The chauvinist conservatism of many men cannot bear the existence of women who demand rights. To them, women are also a threat. We might say that we are experiencing a new stage in the very ancient struggle of men against women, in which there is both fascination and repulsion.
What special characteristics would you like to give Lulu?
There are two main options. The first is to stay with tradition and to present the woman as a demon and society as a victim trying to rid itself of her. The second is to depict a chauvinist and vulgar society which lays into a woman who, in this case, is the victim – all the more so if she is presented in a very human way. It is obviously the second option which interests me.
You came across some information about the composer's life which has gone unnoticed for a long time: the existence of a daughter whom he had at age seventeen with a woman who was twice his age and who worked for the Berg family. What is it about this biographical information which seems so important to you?
We know that Berg never took care of her and that he only saw her a few times in his life, apparently always on request of his daughter, whose name – Albine – is a feminine form of his own name. When we think of Wozzeck and Lulu, it is interesting to know that he had a child out of wedlock. Berg could not help seeing himself in some of his characters. Perhaps he even sought this closeness with a painful personal event marked by a guilty conscience. All of this allowed him to make Lulu more human, in contrast with Wedekind. With him, she exists and is real. When he composed his second opera, he certainly had in mind a woman who was both a fallen angel, neglected and with no father, and a woman who had the power to become a demon and a threat to all men. There is an interesting anecdote told by a person who lived with the Berg couple in Vienna. One day when his wife had left the city, Alban Berg was approached in front of his home by a beautiful young woman who asked him for an autograph and permission to take a photograph of him. Berg invited her to come inside. An ambiguous situation arose – something potentially erotic. Once inside the house, the young woman revealed that she was his daughter Albine. The man was seduced by his own daughter without knowing.
In December 1935, when Berg died of septicaemia at age 50, Lulu remained unfinished. He had put an enormous amount of effort into this work for several years. Would you go as far as to say that, given the autobiographical nature of his opera which was completely unknown at the time, he would not have known where to end the work anyway?
There is something which seems to have been unresolved in his life and which certainly made his work difficult between 1930 and 1935, when he tried to write an innovative opera due to its subject and structure, at a time when history was undergoing a metamorphosis following the Nazi rise to power.
Before Lulu, you staged Wozzeck at the Warsaw Opera. Do you feel close to Berg's musical universe?
Yes, absolutely. I feel that he is the opera composer with the keenest sense of theatre. At the world premiere of George Benjamin's Written on Skin the other evening, I was struck by how much this 2012 opera is indebted to Berg. With him, I have the feeling that theatre and opera have never been so close. In Lulu, this theatrical potential is fascinating and brilliant.
For this new production of Lulu, you wished to have young adolescents on stage as you did in your productions of Wozzeck and Macbeth. What is your reason for wanting children on stage in an opera?
Firstly, I feel that as a literary figure, Lulu precedes Nabokov's Lolita, with the idea that an adolescent girl has an erotic potential which can drive a man to madness. In his prologue, Berg – through the intermediary of the animal tamer – presents Lulu as a great danger, more threatening than a wild animal. He says that she was created to attract, seduce and poison. There is therefore the idea that an adolescent girl belongs to the world of the irrational, instinctive urges and Dionysus, as opposed to that of reason, sun and Apollo, and therefore as opposed to a world which tries to control reality with laws and conventions. Hence the metaphor of Pandora's box, which a beautiful young woman opens, changing the face of the universe. Secondly, I like to have children on stage because in opera, they are the heroes without a voice. There has always been the rule in theatre and opera that young-looking adults must play the roles of adolescents. In Shakespeare's time, women were not allowed to be actors, and were therefore played by men. We are still at the same point with respect to children in opera. The fragility of children contrasts with this still so conservative world. The strength of fragility appeals to me. In Wozzeck, the character which affects me most is the child. He interests me. He is the main victim.
At the end of the first act of Lulu, there is a scene in a box at a theatre. We find out that Lulu performed as a dancer in a production staged by Alwa. In your new production, you place great importance on dance and classical ballet. What led you to make this choice?
In order to answer that question, I would first like to mention Berg's biography and his daughter Albine. We know that until the age of four, she lived in an orphanage until her mother Marie (the same name which Berg later gave to the mother of Wozzeck's child) got married to a relatively poor man who raised her. Albine got married at age twenty to the son of a woman writer who was quite well known for her popular and folk novels. Since adolescence, Albine was passionate about literature, music and painting. This marriage allowed her to access a world which had been closed to her during her life in poverty with her mother and step-father. She found a job as a secretary for a woman writer in Vienna. She painted watercolours and posed for artists. I imagine that Albine's interest in art increased tenfold when she found out that she was the daughter of a composer. A natural father who was absent and invisible; both an idol and a devil who did not want to see her. It was this fantasy figure who probably pushed this adolescent in the direction of art. She probably dreamt of becoming an artist in order to be something in the eyes of her father. And it was probably not a coincidence that Berg's Lulu is a young woman without parents who dreams of becoming a dancer. Based on this information, I imagined a girl who had a terrible childhood in strict orphanages where she met the wrong people, and who, at the same time, never stopped dreaming of something pure and virginal, such as classical ballet – a universe in which the greatest dancers are adulated. A universe in which women have always been stronger than men, at least until Noureev. During her sad adolescence, Lulu probably fantasised about being admired for her talent and beauty. Since the release of Aronofsky's The Black Swan, a large number of young girls have joined dance schools because they saw the film and dream of becoming 'prima ballerinas'. Swan Lake has become a pop phenomenon. It is fascinating to see thousands of adolescent girls adopt such a strict and disciplined lifestyle because they dream of the absolute.
Interview by Christian Longchamp


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Historic district will help preserve city's identity
Published: Friday, November 1, 2013 at 12:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Thursday, October 31, 2013 at 2:08 p.m.
Much change has taken place in Lexington over the past few years. Some was bad, such as the loss of manufacturing jobs that put many people out of work. But much was positive, including new parks, WiFi in downtown, the naming of Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard and a renewed focus on business development. Now add to the list the new Park Place Historical District.
The Lexington City Council voted 7-1 Monday night to implement the district. Its boundaries go approximately from South State to West Center streets and West Third to South Payne streets. The vote culminated an almost 10-year process in which residents received numerous opportunities to speak about the district.
Mayor Newell Clark is fond of saying Lexington must celebrate its heritage even as it looks to the future. The historic district offers the potential to do both. It will help preserve the many unique houses found in the area. But a historical district can also be seen as a progressive step for a city as it seeks to build upon its strengths, and a neighborhood of unique and old structures can certainly be considered a plus.
Lexington is by no means the first city to adopt a historic district. Thomasville's Salem Street Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Yet anytime something new takes effect, a certain amount of uncertainty and trepidation can be expected. Add the fact that the district will also involve a person's property, and the opposition some residents expressed can be understood.
The key moving forward will be for the city historic preservation commission to make reasonable decisions on issues that come before it. The ordinance governing the district has undergone many revisions in an attempt to address concerns and make sure the rules aren't particularly onerous. Yet some restrictions do apply, and some folks will object to them no matter what, viewing them as another example of an overreaching government.
But the district offers the potential to be another drawing card for the city. It won't be a top-notch tourist destination, but those who enjoy seeing older structures might appreciate driving through the neighborhood. More importantly, it will help save some of the houses that make Lexington unique. Any community has cookie-cutter subdivisions with many similar looking houses, but the Park Place Historical District shows a unique blend of different styles.
Hopefully those who opposed the district will come to appreciate its advantages in the near future. They may see the value of their property increase. Only time will tell. But the council took the right step in approving the city's first historical district.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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Furniture and Home Furnishings ClassifiedsFor Sale Local NY Classified Ads
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Cream in color and very comfortable. $300.00 315-657-1656
Web Id: SYR15364628
Published on Syracuse.com 6/22. Updated 6/24.
Oak entertainment $100.00 or $150.00 with T.V. call 315-657-1656
Web Id: SYR15364590
Published on Syracuse.com 6/22. Updated 6/24.
For sale. A kitchen table with four chairs. Is only a yr old. Beautiful condition. Asking $250.00 as I paid $550.00, I May be contacted at 315-412-6559..two chairs are red, two are black, table wood.
Web Id: SYR15354379
Published on Syracuse.com 6/18. Updated 6/18.
I am selling a mildly used sofa and love seat. Both were in my non smoking home and are about 5 Years old. They are in excellent shape. I'm redoing my decor and would like buy something new. I am asking $600.00 for both pieces with accent pillows. I also have an LG 42' flat screen TV with remote that I am asking $250.00 for. Screen is immaculate. No scratches or soft spots in the display. Serious inquiries only.
Web Id: SYR15352034
Published on Syracuse.com 6/17. Updated 6/17.
California King Tempur-King Rhapsody Firm Mattress (8 years old) always had on a protective cover:::Excellent ConditionAdjustable base with wired controllers (can raise & lower head or foot of bed.Custom Made Bed Frame(Black) with padded (Beige)micro-fiber head- board.Original Price for all was $7800. (we have purchased new bed,mattress,etc and this bed is too large for any other room in out home.500$ FIRM- will include electric heated mattress pad,bedspread,and some sheet sets . This would be a great bed for anyone,especially if you are tall or big!Cash or Local Bank certified check only. Call Days 315-668-8830
Web Id: SYR15341385
Published on Syracuse.com 6/15. Updated 6/15.
I have a large mirror in fair condition for sale. It is approximately 43 high by 29 wide (including the frame) There are 2 small drill holes at the top from being hung on a wall. Asking $25. I only accept cash as payment and will only sell locally. If you are interested please text 315-807-4423 or email (firstname.lastname@example.com) for a quick response
Web Id: SYR15330485
Published on Syracuse.com 6/11. Updated 6/20.
Matching recliners. Love seat & reclining chair, $200 obo 315-598-7009
Published on Syracuse.com and/or The Post Standard 6/9. Updated 7/1.
Huge 3-Day Spring Sale CASH and CARRY starts June 16 thru 18th begins at 8:30 a.m. Location 4925 Darien Drive,Liverpool, NY 13088. Items selling Couches, China Cabinet, Cherry and Mahogany Dressers/Chests; Table Saw, Tile Saw, Electric Chain Saw, Roofing Nail stapler, Electric Sanders, Camping Supplies, Ski's,Bikes, Women's clothing size small,shoes size 6, purses, girls and boys clothes sizes 5-12 and some toys/books, jewelry, bedding. and more !Some items are new.
Web Id: SYR15312356
Published on Syracuse.com 6/7. Updated 6/7.
Posted on Craigslist with more pictures here: http://syracuse.craigslist.org/fuo/5617124932.html Macy's full size Sofa (with corner chewed by small dog) - 5 TV Stand (lightly used, like new) - 200Desk with Hutch (lightly used, touched up, like new) - 125Leather Office Chair with Wheels (lightly used, like new)- 50Macy's Wenge Coffee Table with marble insert (lightly used, like new) - 300Macy's White studded side chairs (Rarely used, mostly stored, considered almost new) - 400 each, 800 pairZig Zag Seven level book stand (lightly used, like new) - 200Table Lamp - 20Side table - 20Bar Stools - 50 for the pairWriting Desk, with drawer (lightly used) - 50Black Ikea 4- cube shelf with one door - 40Macy's Marais Mirrored Dining Set with glass top and 4 white studded chairs (perfect condition) - 1000$32 inch Samsung LED TV, new still with plastic wrapping - 150 - not picturedSet of 4 - 235/40R18 95V Blizzak LM-32 Winter tires mounted and balanced on 18 x 8inch black wheels (used for 2 winters, picture of tread available) - 800Artwork - 40Artificial decorative tree with lights - 30All of the furniture is less than 2 years old and belonged to a physician during his residency training. The condition of most pieces are slightly used since he was rarely home to use them or to entertain with them. Living alone for two years and working over 90 hours a week has kept most of these fine pieces in tact to their original new condition. The main pieces are from Macy's online furniture store and are very rare to find in this area as they do not deliver to the upstate New York region.18 inch x 8 in wide Winter wheels and Blizzak tires were used on a 2011 e92 BMW M3 competition and fit over the large brakes
Web Id: SYR15300979
Published on Syracuse.com 6/3. Updated 6/3.
Hope 4 Us Housing Barn Yard Sale, help us to continue recycling materials and create Jobs and training opportunities. We have Nittany End Pedestal Desk:# N-DKP-4524-4Frame: OakDimensions: H 45x W 34x D 30Weight 80 lbs. Price For Set: $25.00 Nittany 5 Drawer Chest 30:# N-SDC-3020Frame: OakDimensions: W 30x D 20x H 47Weight 110 lbs.Price: $25.00 Webster Two Position Chair, WSB:# 921 WSBFrame: OakDimensions: D 19x W 26x H 33Weight: 25 lbs.Price: $5.00 Ship Plank Chairs:# 5101Frame: OakDimensions: W 27x H 31Weight: 120 lbs.Price: $25.00 Double Door Wardrobe Closet:# N-DWDFrame: OakDimensions: W 30x D 24x H 60 Weight: 125 lbs.Price: $40.00 Office Lounge Love Seat:# LV-1Frame: OakPrice: $30.00
Web Id: 0007687505-01
Published on Syracuse.com and/or The Post Standard 6/2. Updated 6/2.
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Dettrice Anthony Graham
Position: G-T
Height: 6-4 Weight: 310 lbs.
Born: March 18, 1967 in Groveland, FL
High School: Groveland
College: Appalachian St. (school history)
Drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in the 5th round (124th overall) of the 1990 NFL Draft.
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 28 (3601st overall since 1950)
Sponsor this page for $5 and help Pro-Football-Reference.com provide this service. Your message will replace this ad.
1996 Game Log: Regular Season · Playoffs · vs.


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WALNUT, Calif. - The University of Colorado track and field team had another busy day competing at the Mt. SAC Relays and the Azusa Pacific Bryan Clay Invitational on Friday.
Jessica Tebo, formerly Pixler, made her 2012 debut at the Mt. SAC Relays in the elite section of the 1,500-meter run. She clocked a time of 4 minutes, 15.15 seconds to finish fifth overall. Tebo's time ranks sixth on the all-time CU performer's list and is also the 10th fastest in school history.
Shalaya Kipp also made her 2012 outdoor debut, running in the 5,000-meter run. Kipp finished with a personal record of 16:00.50; placing 12th overall in the Olympic development section.
Colorado's sprinters had a good showing as well. Joe Morris placed sixth in the 200, crossing the finish in 20.91. He also helped the 4x400-meter relay to a third-place finish. The relay, made up of Tyler Baker, Kyle MacIntosh, Morris and Reimer, finished the race third overall with a time of 3:10.34. They were less than three seconds behind the winning relay, Minnesota, which finished in 3:07.55. MacIntosh had a good finish in the 400-meter hurdles, crossing the finish eighth overall in 52.20.
Eileen Gehring led CU's women's sprinters. She was 10th in the 400; crossing the finish line in 54.21. Bridget Sweeney was 26th overall with a mark of 56.47. Those two, along with Brianne Beemer and Lindsy Mattson, placed second in the 4x400 relay. The team finished in 3:40.40, just .38 behind North Dakota State (3:40.02). Beemer also competed in the 400-meter hurdles and was 11th overall with a time of 1:00.09.
The Buffs also received a top-10 performance in the field from Mark Jones. Jones cleared 6-09 in the high jump to place 10th.
CU also had a group of athletes competing at the Azusa Pacific Bryan Clay Invitational in Azusa, Calif. Blake Theroux raced to a second-place finish in the 3,000-meter steeplechase (9:06.76) and Dillon Shije was the runner-up in the 5,000 (14:41.77). Brittany Lewis had the best performance for the CU women. She was third in the long jump (18-08.50).
The Buffs will compete at the Beach Invitational on Saturday.
Hilmer Lodge Stadium (Walnut, Calif.)
Track Events
Men's Open- B - 10,000-Meter Run: (1. Nathan Sellers, ASC, 29:38.77) 24. Ryan Savercool, 31:59.64
Women's 400-Meter Dash Open: (1. Georganne Moline, UA, 52.92) 10. Eileen Gehring, 54.21; 26. Bridget Sweeney, 56.47
Men's 400-Meter Dash Open: (1. De'Myco Winston, WKU, 46.83) 34. Blake Reimer, 48.49
Women's 800-Meter Run Open: (1. Kate Grace, NJ-NYTC, 2:03.68) 23. Elizabeth Tremblay, 2:07.94
Men's 800-Meter Run Open: (1. Austin Mudd, UW, 1:47.68) 29. Matthew Biegner, 1:50.60; 67. Steve Kasica, 1:53.43
Women's 400-Meter Hurdles Open: (1. Keia Pinnick, ASU, 57.34) 11. Brianne Beemer; 1:00.09
Men's 400-Meter Hurdles Open: (1. Ali Arastu, Michigan, 50.54) 8. Kyle MacIntosh, 52.20; 16. Adam Salzmann, 52.99; 33. Tyler Baker, 54.79
Men's 200-Meter Dash Open: (1. Rubin Williams, Heritage Elite, 20.66) 6. Joe Morris, 20.91
Women's 4x400-Meter Relay Open: (1. North Dakota State, 3:40.02) 2. Colorado (Lindsy Mattson, Eileen Gehring, Brianne Beemer, Bridget Sweeney), 3:40.40
Men's 4x400-Meter Relay Open: (1. Minnesota, 3:07.55) 3. Colorado (Tyler Baker, Kyle MacIntosh, Joe Morris, Blake Reimer), 3:10.34
Women's 1,500-Meter Run Elite: (1. Katie Flood, UW, 4:11.66) 5. Jessica Tebo, 4:15.15
Women's 5,000-Meter Run -Olympic Development Elite: (1. Julia Bleasdale, Melbourne TC, 15:25.62) 12. Shalaya Kipp, 16:00.50
Field Events
Men's High Jump: (1. Deante Kemper, NAU, 7-01) 10. Mark Jones, 6-09
Azusa Pacific Bryan Clay Invitational
(Azusa, Calif.)
Track Events
Men's 3,000-Meter Steeplechase: (1. Steve Flint, 9:03.56) 2. Blake Theroux, 9:06.76; 6. Cameron Clayton, 9:17.10
Men's 1,500-Meter Run: (1. Ross Millington, UNAT-New York, 3:41.17) 21. Christian Thompson, 3:53.45; 35. Garrett Carmichael, 3:56.62
Men's 400-Meter Dash: (1. Richard Morrissey, England, 47.10) t16. Blake Berens, 49.20
Women's 100-Meter Dash: (1. Bianca Willamson, England, 11.47) 32. Genny Mayden, 12.60
Women's 400-Meter Hurdles: (1. Nusrat Ceesay, Gambia, 57.24) 10. Brittany Lewis, 1:03.26; t19. Lindsey Hubbard, 1:05.01
Women's 200-Meter Dash: (Shana Cox, England, 23.38) 39. Genny Mayden, 25.63; 43. Katie Dreher, 25.80; 66. 27.29
Men's 5,000-Meter Run: (1. Andrew Epperson, CSM, 14:36.63) 2. Dillon Shije, 14:41.77; 10. Jerome Perkins, 15:02.23; 19. Garrett Ward, 15:24.34
Field Events
Women's Long Jump: (1. Sabrina Nettey, Universal, 20-06.50) 3. Brittany Lewis, 18-08.50; 10. Genny Mayden, 18-01.50
Men's High jump: (1. Mitchell Haag, UCSB, 6-10.75) t10. Jason DeWitt, 6-06.75
Women's High Jump: (1. Rachel Machin, UCAC, 5-10.75) t4. Alyssa Frank, 5-07; t7. Katie Dreher, 5-05


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It's not often you see citrus flavors other than orange in the mint aisle in the store. Yes, you see gum frequently flavored with orange, as orange is the star child of the citrus fruits. This is why I was so surprised when I found the Ice Breakers Cool Lemon, and even more excited when I found this Sunkist Citrus Burst in Ruby Red Grapefruit flavor.
The tin is pretty and compact. It's main color scheme is pink with accents of yellow and blue. The cap pops open easily and the mints roll out easily. They look like little pink pills, round and pink with a big "S" stamped cleanly into them. Each piece is pristine and kept safe in the tin. There's no aroma from what I can detect.
The flavor starts out tasting like a fresh glass of squeezes grapefruit juice. I am not kidding! It's sour and sweet and really tastes authentic with it's fresh, at moments bitter, citrus notes. The only thing that breaks the illusion for me is the taste of the artificial sugar in there, but goodness there as good!
Really loved these. They says "Ruby Red Grapefruit" flavored and they delivered. A must if you're a grapefruit fan.
Rating: Will Eat Again
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It turned out that mastering the guidance and materials technology needed for a Mach 3 cruise air vehicle was actually more difficult than for a Mach 22 ballistic missile. In the end, the Redstone, Thor, Jupiter, and Atlas rockets were flying before their equivalent-range Navaho counterparts. However the Navaho program provided the engine technology that allowed the US to develop these ballistic missiles rapidly and catch up with the Russians. Navaho also developed chem-milling fuel tank fabrication techniques, inertial and stellar navigation, and a host of other technologies used in later space vehicles. It put North American Aviation, and its Rocketdyne Division, in a leading position that allowed them to capture the prime contracts for the X-15, Apollo, and Space Shuttle projects, thereby dominating American manned spaceflight for the next seventy years.
Completely unknown at the time was that the Soviet Union was developing two equivalent missiles, the Buran and the Burya. These were started later than the Navaho, but the Burya began flight test at about the same time. Like the Navaho, the Burya was canceled in favor of the intercontinental ballistic missile. Unlike the Navaho, it went on to a somewhat more successful flight test career.
In August 1945 the US Army Air Force defined requirements for post-war missile development in a classified document. On Halloween 1945, they invited 17 aircraft systems manufacturers to submit proposals for design studies of specific weapons. North American Aviation chief Dutch Kindelberger, facing a reduction in employment from 100,000 to 6,500 employees as wartime aircraft production orders were canceled, determined that missiles were the future and decided to make the necessary investments to win one of the contracts. He founded a corporate research lab, staffed with experts in such new fields as jet propulsion, rockets, gyros, electronics, and automatic control.
William Bollay, the branch chief for development of turbojet engines in the Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics, was identified as an appropriate leader of the lab. He arrived just in time to deal with the AAF request for proposals. Bollay decided to propose American development of the A4b or A9, a winged, boost-glide version of the German V-2, against the Army Air Force mid-range supersonic missile requirement. On 24 March 1946 NAA received letter contract W33-038-ac-1491 for this missile, designated MX-770, with a range of up to 800 km. The payload requirement was increased from the 900 kg of the A9 to 1360 kg three months later.
North American began its rocket research in the company parking lot, using a bulldozer scraper to protect adjacent parked cars from the inevitable exploding engines. They experimented first with a surplus Aerojet 4.5 kN motor. They then tried some small engines of their own devising, with up to 1.3 kN thrust. But as material came in from occupied Germany, it was obvious that the starting point would have to be the more advanced German technology. So in June 1946 Bollay proposed that North American first refurbish and test a complete V-2 engine system, to be provided by the government. This "Mark I" engine would be followed by redesign of the engine to American engineering standards and materials, followed by fabrication and testing of the "Mark II" American version.
By the end of 1946, two government-furnished V-2 engines arrived. In March 1947 North American rented a large tract of land in the western San Fernando Valley north of Los Angeles, in the Santa Susana Mountains, for use in testing of large engines. A rocket test center was built here, using $1 million of corporate funds and $1.5 million from the Air Force.
Meanwhile, North American had settled on a research and development program, based on additional information received on German breakthroughs in supersonic ramjets. Phase 1 consisted of a study of the German A4b and A9 boost-glide missiles; Phase 2 consisted of study of replacing the rocket engines of the design with supersonic ramjets in order to extend the range; Phase 3 would determine the size and type of the booster needed to boost the reengined A9 to ramjet ignition speed. By the end of the year Bollay had a staff of 43 working at his Technical Research Laboratory in Los Angeles, including 12 PhD's and 18 ME's.
As North American engineers tore down and reassembled the V-2 engines, it was clear that this Model 39 18-chamber engine was an engineering kludge, a prototype that was rushed into production because the ultimate planned engine was unavailable. By the end of the war the Germans had been testing a more advanced Model 39a single-chamber engine. So in the spring of 1947, it was decided to proceed immediately to design, construction and test of a new engine, the NA-704 Mark III, based on the German Model 39a. To assist in this, Bollay's team was free to draw on the expertise of the V-2 designers themselves, now working for the US Army - Wernher von Braun's team, including Walther Riedel, Hans Huter, Rudi Beichel, and Konrad Dannenberg. Dannenberg in particular had been intimately involved with the 'shower head' injector plate that was essential for the single-chamber motor. Dieter Huzel, a close associate of von Braun, was hired by North American as a full-time employee in order to better coordinate work with the German team. In September 1947, preliminary design of the Mark III began, aiming at the thrust of the V-2 engine but with a weight reduction of 15 percent.
In other technical areas, Bollay's engineers invented a Kinetic Double-Integrating Accelerometer (KDIA) design that allowed an inertial platform to also measure distance traveled. This breakthrough would allow long-distance unpiloted high-accuracy navigation. North American aerodynamicists discovered that the A9 swept-wing design was unstable at transonic speeds. The company selected an aft-wing with forward canard layout for the MX-770. So by June 1947 the navigation concept, the propulsion, and the aerodynamic layout of the missile had all been fundamentally altered from the A9 baseline. North American had spent $3.9 million on the project. Development of specific components - the N-1 navigation system, the Mark III engine - was initiated. Construction of the launch site for the Nativ test vehicle was begun at Holloman AFB in New Mexico.
In parallel with development of these new elements, construction of the Mark II copy of the 18-chamber V-2 engine continued, in order to obtain experience. Detailed design had begun in June 1947 with first drawing release and parts fabrication coming in September. Meanwhile test in the parking lot continued of a 14.7 kN test engine on which a variety of shower-head injector patterns could be tested.
In February 1948 the Air Force ordered a complete redesign of the MX-770 missile to increase its range from 800 km to 1600 km. This was necessary purely for political purposes - when the US Air Force was split from the Army the year before, it had been agreed that the Army would handle missiles under 1600 km range, and the Air Force over that. The MX-770 was now an Air Force missile, and therefore had to have a range over 1600 km. To achieve this, North American decided they would indeed have to change the missile from the A9 pure rocket boost-glide vehicle to one that would use ramjet engines for sustained Mach 3 cruise. This approach had also been studied by the Germans for advanced versions of the A9. The rocket engine was now used for initial boost and to get the vehicle up to the supersonic speed necessary for ramjet ignition. But even with the more efficient ramjets, the entire vehicle would have to grow by 33% to meet the new range requirement. Accordingly the design thrust for the Mark III engine increased from the 249 kN of the V-2 to 333 kN.
In February 1948 the missile was designated the XSSM-A-2. This design had reached 100% drawing release. It consisted of an integrated rocket booster, two ramjets for cruise, and XN-1 inertial navigation with a final dive on the target. But the inertial navigator drifted 1.6 km in accuracy for each hour of flight, which meant the missile could not meet the USAF 800 m CEP requirement.
Meanwhile the XSSM-A-2 was redefined by the customer as only the first step of a revised three-phase program for a family of vehicles using a rocket booster and ramjet cruise. Track, air, and vertical pad launch were to be studied. The first phase would produce a missile with a range of 1600 km while carrying a 1350 kg warhead (the XSSM-A-2). Phase two would produce a missile that could carry a 1350 kg warhead to a 3200 to 4800 km range. Phase 3 would be the intercontinental version, carrying a 4500 kg nuclear warhead to an 8000 km range. In order to obtain the necessary accuracy, North American began development of the XN-2 navigation platform, which coupled the XN-1 inertial system with a star tracker to ensure continued accuracy even in long-range flights. In order to achieve the longer ranges, North American began study of a version of the missile, which would use a separate, jettisonable rocket booster. This would allow the cruise stage to be ignited at near-cruise velocity, and to be filled with only ramjet fuel, which would vastly extend the range while the basic cruise missile remained nearly the same size.
On 26 May 1948 North American made the first launch attempt of the Nativ subscale technology demonstrator. Seven rockets were built in total. There is barely any information on what this rocket was like, and even very inconsistent information on the flight series. It is not even known what kind of rocket engine powered the vehicle (perhaps the 14.7 kN test engine used in the parking lot tests). One source speaks of six launches, another of four, and a third of three. It seems that there were six launch attempts, three of which never made it very far off the pad, two made it some distance aloft, and only one that was considered somewhat successful (reaching Mach 2.23 and an altitude of 18 km).
In July 1948, together with the company's Electromechanical Division, Bollay's expanding group was moved into an ex-Consolidated Vultee factory in Downey, east of Los Angeles. It would be here that the Navaho, and later Hound Dog missile, the Apollo command module, and the Space Shuttle would be built. As a foreshadow of the future, the preferred intercontinental Navaho configuration of this time was a delta-winged, recoverable aircraft-type booster looking very much like the B-70 bomber of the 1960's or the reusable boosters of the original space shuttle designs. The cruise stage used a single enormous ramjet engine with a nose intake.
Early in 1949, the first of three Phase II American-built versions of the Model 39 engine was completed. But by then North American was committed to the more advanced design, so this was continued only an interim test article. In May North American settled on a revised design for the intercontinental version of the Navaho. It consisted of a tandem in-line boost stage with a single-ramjet cruise stage atop it. In September, reacting to the surprise explosion by the Soviet Union of an atomic bomb, the Truman administration began pumping more funds into missile projects. In order to proceed to flight test on an accelerated schedule, the Navaho aerodynamic design was frozen so that fabrication of the XSSM-A-2 flight articles could begin.
By late November of 1949, the first version of the Mark III engine was ready for testing at the new Santa Susana facility. Because it lacked turbopumps, propellants were pressure-fed from heavy-walled tanks. The North American team first ran the engine at 10 percent of maximum propellant flow for 11 seconds. However attempts for longer pressure-fed engine runs in December exhibited surges in combustion-chamber pressure (known as "hard starts") that were powerful enough to blow up the engine. Walther Riedel played an important role in introducing design modifications that brought this problem under control. In March 1950, this simplified engine first topped its rated level of 333 kN for four and a half seconds. During May and June, full-thrust runs, exceeding a minute in duration, went well. Meanwhile, Wright had completed design of the ramjets in December 1949 and begun fabrication.
In April, with the first three XSSM-A-2 airframes completed, the Air Force canceled flight test of that 1600-km range version of the Navaho. North American was instructed instead to proceed with development of the 10,200-km range version of the missile using the same aerodynamics, engines, and navigation systems already in development. This was to deliver a 3150-kg nuclear payload - and that was to be achieved by making a separable booster stage with two engines deliver a ramjet-only cruise stage to ignition velocity. The configuration was revised to that of the final Navaho - a twin-ramjet cruise stage launched strapped to the side of a liquid-rocket booster. This arrangement minimized the length of the vehicle, making handling and erecting on the launch pad easier.
Formal redirection of the program came in July 1950, just as the Korean War began. The missile, now designated WS-104A, was to deliver a 3150-kg warhead with a CEP of 450 m over a range of 10,200 km while cruising at Mach 3 at over 18 km altitude. The final missile would be developed in a three-phase program: Phase 1, using a reusable drone dubbed the X-10, would test the aerodynamics, structural concepts, autopilot, and inertial navigation system for the cruise missile using turbojet engines in an aluminum structure to achieve speeds of up to Mach 2. In Phase 2, the G-26 test vehicle would be a 2/3 scale version of the final version, testing the vertical launch booster, and a steel-structure ramjet-powered cruise vehicle that would reach Mach 2.75 and a range of 2300 km. Phase 3 would fly the G-38, the full-sized prototype for the operational system. The payload was sized to match the 20-kiloton W-4 nuclear warhead: 3150 kg in mass, 1.5 m in diameter and 2.3 m long.
Meanwhile, development of the engine for the now-canceled XSSM-A-2 continued. Late in March 1950, the first complete engine, turbopumps included, was assembled. In August, this engine, designated XLR-43-NA-1 by the government, fired successfully for a full minute at 12.3 percent of rated thrust. Late in October, the first full-thrust firing reached 310 kN for less than five seconds. However now a new problem emerged - rough combustion during the build up to full thrust. As a result, of the seven subsequent tests during 1950, only one in mid-November reached the engine's rated thrust level.
This combustion instability in the engine's single large thrust chamber had not been solved by the Germans before the end of the war, and they could not solve it now. However the North American engineers found a solution, and by March 1951 the problem of unstable combustion was under control. This marked an important milestone - the first time, the North American team had encountered and solved an important problem that the Germans could not solve. Combustion instabilities would recur repeatedly during subsequent engine programs, and the work of 1950 and 1951 provided North American engineers with several methods for work the problem.
In just three years of development, the North American team had delivered an engine that weighed less than half as much as the V-2's model 39 (668 kg versus 1126 kg), while delivering 34 percent more thrust. They had formed the corporate technology base for further American development of rocket engines. North American's rocket division, later dubbed Rocketdyne, would go on to be the preeminent American liquid engine rocket builder, building the engines that would take the first American to orbit, the first man to the moon, and power the Space Shuttle.
But this Mark III engine was now just a way-station to the more powerful 530 kN engine required for the new intercontinental Navaho. However, the Army had now directed von Braun's team to develop at utmost speed an 800-km range pure ballistic missile. With minor modifications, the Mark III would fit this requirement. So although the Mark III never went into production for the Air Force, its Army derivative boosted various versions of the Redstone tactical missile. And it would be this engine on the Redstone that would place the first American satellite in orbit and boost the first American into space.
North American originally designed the X-10 to be reusable, air-dropped from a B-36, then automatically landed at an airfield. But the Air Force dropped support for air launching in August 1950 - a decision that would have consequences later. By December 1950 North American was completing model tests of the X-10 at its own Santa Susanna wind tunnel facility, taking it up to Mach 2.87.
In June 1951 the Air Force inspected the X-10 full-sized mockup. The highly classified Mach-3 design, with cropped delta wing and canards, was far in advance of contemporary manned aircraft. The same month, the XLR-43-NA-1 engine was run for six seconds at 430 kN thrust, compared to its 333 kN rated thrust. Preliminary design of the new LR-71-NA-1 engine's lightweight tubular-construction 540 kN-thrust combustion chamber was begun. The brazed tubes would carry fuel to cool the chamber more evenly than the simpler double-walled German design of the XLR-43-NA-1. In September 1951 the X-10 detailed design drawings were released to the shop for fabrication.
The course of 1952 saw a wide range of testing activities. A 20-inch diameter ramjet, a subscale version of the 40-inch engine for the Navaho, was flown on Lockheed's X-7 rocket. Of the seven launches, only one was completely successful, and two partially successful. The G-26 version of Navaho reached the mock-up stage; and design of the G-38 was begun. In June a test version of the 540 kN combustion chamber for missile was run. This was the most powerful ever tested, but still used the double-walled combustion chamber design of the LR43 rather than the brazed tubular wall construction planned for the production LR71. But the first complete prototype was first operated on 19 November. By the end of the year the drawings for the G-26 were released to the shop, and the first X-10 had been completed and was in static testing.
On 23 December the USAF released the full-scale development contract for the Navaho G-26, consisting of 10 cruise missiles, 13 boosters, and five N-6 stellar-inertial navigation systems (early flights would be radio-controlled). First delivery was scheduled for 1953 and first launch February 1956.
But early in 1953 another technical improvement was deemed necessary, and this would impact the schedule just agreed. North American's rocket group had begun a Rocket Engine Advancement Program, to identify improved rocket technology. One early conclusion was that the performance and logistics could be significantly improved by shifting from alcohol to kerosene fuel. The decision was made to change the propellants for both the Navaho G-26 test vehicle and the G-38 production booster. The LR71 engine, improved and modified to burn kerosene, would be designated LR83. This meant a delay to Navaho, but would be the basic engine that would power the Thor, Jupiter, Atlas, Saturn I, and Delta rockets into the next century.
The XN-2 navigation system for the Navaho had been flight tested aboard a C-97 aircraft between April 1952 and May 1953. A series of fifteen X-10 flights were conducted at Edwards Air Force Base from October 1953 to March 1955. A lot of time was wasted and four vehicles were lost in proving the autolanding capability for use at the skid strip at Cape Canaveral. In retrospect, an expendable vehicle might have completed the aerodynamic and guidance system test work more quickly.
Meanwhile North American had also begun operations at Cape Canaveral in 1953, building two missile assembly buildings, a vertical launch facility for the XSM-64 (LC9) and a 70 m x 3000 m landing strip (the 'Skid Strip') to recover the reusable X-10 and G-26 test vehicles.
North American tripled its field office staff at the Cape from 22 to 77 people in 1954. It also began installing equipment in the guidance laboratory, the blockhouse and the Navaho flight control building even before construction of those facilities was completed. Meanwhile the XN-2 navigation system was still found lacking for the production missile. The XN-6 introduced paired counterrotating gyroscopes to compensate for the precession errors resulting from the single-gyro-per-axis XN-2 design; and introduced hydrodynamic bearing gyros in place of the XN-2's air bearings. N-6 flight testing began aboard a T-29 in May 1954.
On 11 January 1955 the Air Force expressed its confidence in the missile by placing the second G-26 second production contract. This added 12 more cruise stages, 21 boosters, and 6 N6 navigation systems, bringing the total procured to 22 cruise stages, 34 boosters, and 11 navigation systems. The first X-10 was launched from the Cape on 19 August 1955, and the Navaho quickly replaced the Matador as the range's principal user. Support facilities were completed in the last half of 1955, and seven more X-10s were launched from the Cape over the next twelve months.
But North American management could see the ballistic missile competition gaining on them. The Thor, Jupiter, Atlas, and Titan development programs were all underway on a crash basis. But these missiles needed guidance systems and engines - and the Navaho's systems were far in advance of anything else available.
On 7 November 1955 North American broke up the Navaho program into three new divisions. The Missile Development Division, in Downey, would handle the Navaho missile and its possible derivatives. The Autonetics Division would handle inertial navigation and other avionics products, and move from Downey to Anaheim. The Rocketdyne division would handle North American's liquid rocket motors, and move to a new facility in the western San Fernando Valley in Canoga Park, close to North American's rocket test facilities in the Santa Susanna mountains. These divisions were now free to market their products for use on other company's missiles.
Rocketdyne liquid rocket engines were selected for the Thor, Jupiter, and Atlas missiles. The Titan was powered by Aerojet engines, purposely done by the Air Force in order to 'second source' the Atlas in case of some unforeseen catastrophic technical problem with the design.
By the middle of 1956, North American had 605 people working on the Navaho program at the Cape. Five more X-10 flights were completed in the last half of 1956, but problems with an auxiliary power unit delayed the Navaho G-26's first launch for six months. When the first vehicle finally made it into the air, it exploded 26 seconds into the flight. Three more Navahos were launched over the next seven months with equally dismal results. In addition to those failures, the first in a series of 2,800 km long auto-navigator test flights was attempted ten times in the first three months of 1957 without a single launch.
More promising were successful static tests of the booster rockets and North American's isolation of problem areas revealed in the first four flights. But while the "never-go-Navaho" sat on the pad or failed in flight, the first Jupiter, Thor, and Atlas ballistic missiles began test in the spring of 1957. They were equally unsuccessful at first, but a Jupiter made a full-range 2100-km flight on 31 May. The Army had already demonstrated the necessary re-entry vehicle technology on launches of the 'Jupiter-A' multi-stage versions of the Redstone. It was clear that these ballistic missiles, each little more complex than the booster stage of Navaho alone, could deliver a nuclear warhead over the same ranges - at seven times the speed.
But it was still a surprise when Air Force Headquarters terminated the Navaho development program on 12 July 1957. 4,705 employees were laid off the day the termination notice was received via an announcement over the public address system to "stop what you are doing, proceed to the nearest exit, and deposit your badge in the bin indicated". By the end of the month the total staff laid off at North American alone amounted to 15,600 employees. At the time the program was canceled full-range G-38 missiles were in fabrication with first flight test planned by the end of 1958.
On 21 August 1957, the Air Force handed North American a consolation prize - it was awarded a contract for the Hound Dog air-launched cruise missile. This was a crash project to equip B-52 bombers with supersonic nuclear missiles that could penetrate heavily-defended Soviet sites. The Hound Dog would use the aerodynamics of the G-38, and navigation and control systems developed for the Navaho, and an off-the-shelf turbojet engine. The program kept the core engineering and production staff together at North American's Downey facility - and this would be the team that won the Apollo contract, and later the Space Shuttle.
Because the auto-navigator showed promise for use on other missiles, the Air Force authorized continuation of flight test of existing assets. Engineering staff was kept on at Cape Canaveral to launch the five completed G-26 missiles, at a total cost of $4.9 million. These were flown through February 1958, and were somewhat more successful than the earlier series, with one missile managing to reach a range of 2000 km before its ramjets failed.
Seven further completed G-26 Navahos were to be tested in support the of North American's B-70 bomber and F-108 long-range interceptor programs. But after two unsuccessful launches in late 1958 that project was completely canceled at the insistence of the B-70 Weapons System Project Office.
North American also attempted to revive the Navaho program with the Air Force. Test vehicle and reconnaissance versions were pitched. After Sputnik was launched, the company proposed the use of G-26 or G-38 boosters to launch a modified manned X-15 into space. None of these ideas were considered favorably by the customer.
As North American closed out the Navaho program, three X-10s were selected as target drones for Bomarc antiaircraft missile tests. Two X-10's launched successfully on 24 September and 13 November 1958, but both burned at the end of their missions after running off the end of the Skid Strip. The last X-10 was launched on 26 January 1959, but self-destructed and crashed approximately 105 km downrange after a power failure. It was the Navaho project's final flight.
At the time the program was cancelled full-range G-38 missiles were in fabrication with first flight test planned by the end of 1958. The engines, missile frame manufacturing techniques, inertial and stellar navigation equipment, and telemetry/guidance techniques developed for Navaho established the technical basis for many subsequent US rocket developments.


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Partly sunny and cool Friday for Volusia and Flagler
Published: Friday, March 1, 2013 at 6:47 a.m.
Last Modified: Friday, March 1, 2013 at 7:22 a.m.
Friday brings partly sunny skies and temperatures reaching only into the low 60s, a preview of an even colder weekend for Volusia and Flagler counties.
Windy conditions can also be expected, the National Weather Service forecast warns. For Friday a west northwest wind of 5 to 15 mph with gusts as high as 20 mph will occur.
Friday night brings mostly cloudy skies with an overnight low in the low 40s.
It will be a little cooler Saturday and Sunday. A 60-degree high is forecast for Saturday, with partly sunny skies, winds gusting as high as 30 mph and an overnight low in the high 30s.
On Sunday the high may not even reach 60 degrees, while the overnight low is forecast for the mid-30s. Gusty winds will reach speeds of 25 mph.
All roads are free of wrecks and hazards early Friday in Volusia and Flagler, according to the Florida Highway Patrol.
For up-to-the-minute weather updates check out our weather page.
See current weather conditions and our BeachCam.
Check Volusia County traffic conditions.
All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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Junior women's basketball player Candice Warthen hails from Warrenton, Ga., a small town in the heart of the state that boasts a population of about 2,000 people.
In 2009, Warthen wanted an opportunity to play basketball at the University of Arizona, meaning a move across the country, but also a complete change altogether.
With the move, Warthen has had to not only adjust to Tucson's environment, but also to a culture and lifestyle she was not accustomed to.
"It's a completely different culture in Tucson," Warthen said. "Where I'm from, there's only one stop light and no traffic. In Tucson, there's a lot of traffic and people. Of course I've been around it many times, but I'm not really used to it since there aren't that many people in Warrenton."
In choosing a college to attend, Warthen's thought was never about how big or small the school was, because she knew she would be playing no matter where she landed.
"I never thought about it when I was in high school," Warthen said. "I always knew I wanted to play basketball. I didn't really think about how big or small the school would be, I just knew I would be playing somewhere."
Self-determination among countless hours of practice got Warthen from Georgia to Arizona.
"I would have to say that my skills are God-given," Warthen said. "My entire life I have played basketball and I knew that I was always pretty good. I grew up playing with boys, so I think they toughened me up. I first realized I was a really good player when I got to high school and I continued to work hard to become better. I gained confidence by spending more time in the gym and developed into the player I am today."
To move across the country and follow a dream means leaving behind something that means so much--family.
"It was very difficult to move away from my family," Warthen said. "I was always used to being around them and I didn't really travel that much. It was always family, family, family and I hated not being around them when I would travel with my club basketball team. I had to keep reminding myself that in order to get to a university, I had to be away from them and develop my skills. As time went on, I started to see the bigger picture and knew that I was there for a reason and it all paid off when I got to Arizona."
Most players look to their coach for direction but for Warthen, Arizona head coach Niya Butts provides much more than advice on becoming a better player. Warthen is more than grateful for not only the life lessons learned from Butts, but also her guidance off the court.
"Coach Butts is amazing," Warthen said. "She provides life lessons and skills outside of basketball that we will need after leaving college. She can be hard sometimes, but we all understand that it's what we need to be successful. She's a wonderful person; she's very caring and helps us far more than we will ever know."
One of the many battles an athlete faces is the risk of injuries. For Warthen, two separate injuries caused her to sit out two years in a row. For her redshirt junior year, Warthen is most eager to be back with her team and help in any way she can.
"I'm so excited for the upcoming season," Warthen said. "I have been fighting injuries for the past two years and I'm ready to be back with my team. I'm ready to help my team win and that's the main focus for me this year. I would like to find myself and be more confident in what I'm doing. It's been so long since I've played and I've never sat out this long; I'm very anxious."


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Spacefood, Bread, Borodin, Soviet
This is a package of Borodin bread is similar to that which Soviet and Russian cosmonauts have taken into space. Food for spaceflight must be nutritious, lightweight, and easily stored. The bread is a common Russian dark Wheat bread that is often served at Russian tables on Earth. The package contains three sets of breads that contain six mini-loaves. All are held in a palm-sized sealed plastic bag.
The donor of this Borodin bread is unknown, but it was accessioned into the museum collection in 1985.
Donor Unknown
- Country of Origin
- Type
- PERSONAL EQUIPMENT-Food & Food Accessories
- Materials
- bread and cellophane
- Dimensions
- 3-D: 17.8 x 16.5cm (7 x 6 1/2 in.)