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Useful Links
International Labour Organization (ILO)
- Date submitted: 1 Nov 2011
- Stakeholder type: United Nations & Other IGOs
- Name: International Labour Organization (ILO)
- Submission Document: Download
Full SubmissionINTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION ILO contribution to the Compilation document to serve as a basis for the preparation of zerodraft of the outcome document of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development Contents Preamble: Common statement by the UN System Chief Executives Board for Coordination (CEB) on the Outcome of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development ............. 1 Sustainable development and poverty reduction: Decent work and green jobs in a green economy ......................................................................................................................................... 3 I. Renewed commitments, implementation gaps, emerging issues ................................ 4 Renewed commitments ............................................................................................................ 4 Implementation gaps ................................................................................................................ 4 Emerging issues ....................................................................................................................... 6 II. Green Economy in the framework of sustainable development and poverty eradication ............................................................................................................................. 7 Implications of the transition to a green economy for employment, poverty and sustainable development ............................................................................................................................. 7 III. Institutional framework for a green economy ........................................................... 12 Mechanisms and institutions for policy coherence ................................................................ 12 Preamble: Common statement by the UN System Chief Executives Board for Coordination (CEB) on the Outcome of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development 1. We, members of the United Nations System Chief Executives Board, recognize the historic opportunity provided by the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development to reset the world on a sustainable development path. 2. We affirm that sustainable development is a top priority for our organizations, and reaffirm the continuing validity of the principles in the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and of Agenda 21, including the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. We recommit to a renewed system-wide effort, in partnership with the full range of governmental, civil society and private sector stakeholders, to support the realization of these principles. 3. Despite substantial improvement in many key areas of development and environment, the world has not made the progress towards sustainable development aspired to in the outcomes of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and in subsequent related world conferences. 4. Over the past twenty years, the world has witnessed strong economic growth and significant progress toward attaining a number of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It is of grave concern, however, that these positive trends have been accompanied by increasing disparities and inequalities, persistent gender inequality, social inequity, a growing deterioration of the environment, and recurrent economic, financial, energy and food crises. 5. At the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (or Rio+20), renewed commitment and urgent action are therefore needed to lay a firm foundation for a longer-term process of redressing imbalances, agreeing on priorities, and reforming institutional arrangements at all levels, to bring about coherence and the integration of policies across the economic, environmental and social pillars, with human beings and their well-being at the centre. The Conference must also address the means of implementing outcomes, through the provision of resources, including for technological transformation and capacity building. 6. Charting the way forward to eradicate poverty and promote sustainable development must start with the recognition that the world has changed in fundamental ways. Climate change is significantly altering the physical and human geography of the planet. There are major differences in population growth, age, sex structures, spatial distribution and patterns of movement; resource consumption has increased, and production patterns are more unsustainable. But there has also been wide-ranging technological progress, from renewable energy and energy efficiency, to innovative measures for adapting to climate change impacts, and new and efficient means for social networking, dialogue and participatory engagement, providing opportunities that were not available twenty years ago. 7. Against these changing parameters, Rio+20 must acknowledge that economic, social and environmental objectives are not independent variables, but are mutually supportive, with progress in each area facilitating advancement in the others. Our objectives should be to enhance equity, revitalize the global economy, and protect the planet and its ecosystems that support us so that all people, women, men and children, can live in dignity. 8. The sustainability of future growth and development will rely critically on innovation, improved economic, energy and natural resource efficiency, an open and supportive multilateral trading system, better fiscal policies providing incentives for sustainability, comprehensive wealth accounting and valuation of ecosystem services, equitable access and inclusive political processes, and the capacity to create sufficient decent work. Growth must lead to strengthened resilience ? of households, ecosystems, and economies, and improved water, food and nutrition security. 9. Economic growth must be of high quality and inclusive. It should occur hand in hand with relevant efforts to accelerate progress in global health, gender equality and women?s empowerment, the realization of human rights, greater equity, improved access to and quality of social protection and the rule of law, and the fair distribution of the benefits of development. Policies must avoid trade protectionism and negative impacts, especially on the poor and vulnerable groups such as refugees and internally displaced persons. These objectives are all key elements of the green economy approach, and we pledge the support of our organizations to Member States as they engage in this critical and transformational transition. 10. The shift to sustainable development presents challenges, but also offers opportunity for substantial investments, both public and private, in productive Infrastructure, technological transformation, science, education and human capital development. The UN system stands ready to assist Member States as they formulate and implement the enabling policy and regulatory frameworks that are essential for such investment to take place, and to continue to strengthen its work at the country level. 11. In the current fragmented system, institutional reform is unquestionably needed at national, regional and international levels, to integrate the dimensions of sustainable development, improve effectiveness in implementation, urgently scale-up activities, and bring about further coordination and coherence of policy. 12. The UN system is determined to do its part on institutional reform, by improving systemwide coordination mechanisms, and by reviewing and improving policies and programmes, including through joint programming. But this may not be sufficient, and Rio+20 should consider continued efforts on broader reforms within the UN system, for example, the strengthening of institutions, mandates and regulatory frameworks, or making structural changes. 13. At a more specific level, from a range of priority issues, a number have emerged that warrant particular attention in the context of sustainable development at Rio+20. Among these are: energy, water, oceans, green jobs, sustainable cities, sustainable agriculture and food security, disaster risk reduction, and investing in health, education, youth, gender equality and women?s empowerment. 14. These issues require a coordinated approach by the UN system, stakeholders from government, civil society and the private sector, to find joint innovative and lasting solutions. The organizations of the UN system have been intensifying efforts and cooperation to address the challenges of the water, energy and global food security crises. Rio+20 will provide an appropriate platform to support selected initiatives, such as the Sustainable Energy for All initiative, which illustrate a collective renewed commitment to sustainable development. 15. At Rio+20, we must build upon and scale up the achievements, best practices and lessons of the MDGs, and lay strong foundations for the post-2015 development agenda. We must chart a course for measurable progress towards sustainable development goals, using milestones that integrate the economic, environmental and social dimensions and a new generation of metrics to measure our achievements. The UN system stands ready to support the world?s nations and peoples to make sustainable development a reality. Sustainable development and poverty reduction: Decent work and green jobs in a green economy 16. The ILO and its constituents, the governments, employers and workers of its 183 Member States, participated actively in the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and in the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in 2002. The ILO has anchored the vision of sustainable development as the overriding policy paradigm within the Organization, and its agenda of creating decent work for all can make a key contribution to development. I. Renewed commitments, implementation gaps, emerging issues Renewed commitments 17. Productive employment and decent work play a pivotal role for sustainable development and poverty reduction. Gainful employment creates wealth for families, communities and national economies. Finding a job or starting a business are two of the most important factors people in developing countries cite as the means by which they have overcome poverty. The world of work plays a key role not only in the generation of wealth, but also in its distribution and thus in equitable development, as well as in shaping production and consumption patterns, reducing emissions, and managing natural resources to ensure resource efficiency and recycling. It is in workplaces that the social, economic and environmental dimensions come together inseparably. The world of work can therefore inject essential impetus to the drive for an integrated approach to sustainable development. 18. Previous conferences and summits have recognized the causal links between sustainable development, employment and decent work. Agenda 21 calls for measures to promote gainful employment to combat poverty. 1 The Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development went further and underscored the need to increase employment and income opportunities. It emphasized the need for decent employment that complies with fundamental international labour standards and for social dialogue as part of the governance of sustainable development. 2 At its 2005 World Summit, and in greater detail at the Economic and Social Council in July 2006, the United Nations and the international system endorsed the ILO?s objective of decent work for all as an internationally agreed development goal and a vital part of the international development agenda that is indispensable for sustainable development. 3 This growing emphasis on gainful employment and decent work is a reflection of large and widening implementation gaps concerning the social dimension of sustainable development and of the potential of the Decent Work Agenda to close these gaps. The call for a closer linkage between social and environmental agendas is echoed in the UNFCCC agreements reached in Cancun in 2010, recognizing that addressing climate change requires a paradigm shift towards building a low-carbon society that offers substantial opportunities and ensures continued high growth and sustainable development, based on innovative technologies and more sustainable production and consumption lifestyles, whiles ensuring a just transition of the workforce that creates decent work and quality jobs. Implementation gaps 19. Twenty years after the Earth Summit of 1992, the world is far from achieving sustainable development. In spite of an unprecedented period of high and generalized economic growth until 2008, gains in poverty reduction and employment have been modest overall and concentrated in a limited number of countries. 20. Development over the last two decades has also seen the persistence of social exclusion for large segments of the world?s population ? � Global unemployment is at its highest point ever, surpassing 200 million worldwide; in 2010 there were an estimated 476 million working poor 4 aged 15 years and above ? more than 1 in 7 workers worldwide ? living with their families on less than US$1.25 per person per day, and there are an estimated 942 million working poor ? nearly 1 in 3 workers worldwide ? living below the US$2 a day poverty line. 5 � An estimated 5.1 billion people lack adequate social security or social protection worldwide, while just over 15 per cent of the world?s unemployed worldwide are receiving some form of unemployment benefits6. � Most of the above problems are aggravated by a gender dimension: women typically receive lower income for equal work7. � Some 1.5 billion people continue to have no access to clean and modern forms of energy, with serious negative impacts on health, education and economic opportunity; in spite of the highest level of global energy consumption ever, this number has remained unchanged for 20 years; more than a million people live in slums without adequate shelter; more than one in six people worldwide ? 894 million ? do not have access to adequate amounts of safe freshwater8; 2.5 billion people worldwide lack basic sanitation. Very often, these problems are compounded by gender discrimination as women are often relegated to employment of last resort, are subjected to the direct negative effects of having to fetch water and gather biomass fuel, and are the main victims of the resulting indoor air pollution. 21. In addition to the limited progress on the social pillar of sustainable development, there has been a deterioration in the environment. Decoupling growth from the use of natural resources and the generation of harmful emissions has been weak, resulting in major increases in pollution and the overuse of many natural resources, including water, land, fish and forests. Resource overuse, pollution and the impact of climate change affect the world of work, disrupting economic activity, affecting employment and undermining incomes and livelihoods. Poor countries and poor segments of the population are disproportionately affected. 22. These outcomes demonstrate that the growth and development model of the last decades has been inefficient. The lack of balance between the pillars in the growth model translates into ever greater and unsustainable imbalances in outcomes. Emerging issues 23. The existing imbalances have escalated in recent years. Inter-related crises have erupted in finance, in economies, and in food security, exacerbated by natural disasters. Mass unemployment and working poverty, particularly among youth, has reached unprecedented levels and triggered social unrest. This has been most visible in North Africa and the Middle East, where the employment-to-population ratio stood at 46.6 and 45.4 per cent respectively in 2010 (compared to a world average of 61.1 per cent), meaning that out of 100 people that could work, not even half of them do. Levels of unemployment stood at 9.8 per cent in North Africa and 10.1 per cent in the Middle East in 2010, with high figures especially for women (15.0 and 17.0 per cent in North Africa and the Middle East respectively, compared to a world average of 6.5 per cent). Unemployment among Arab youth is among the highest in the world (23.6 per cent in North Africa and 25.1 per cent in the Middle East, compared to a world average of 12.6 per cent). Young people?s risk of unemployment is four times higher than that for adults; in Egypt this figure is six times bigger. 9 24. Over the last two decades pre-existing social inequality has deepened further and is threatening social cohesion. The share of wages in total national income has been falling and the income gap between the top and the bottom 10 per cent of wage earners increased in 70 per cent of the countries for which data are available. 10 25. Demographic trends over the next few decades will bring major challenges for economic development and the labour market. Some 450 million youth will enter the labour market in the next ten years, adding to the existing backlog of unemployment and underemployment. The biggest absolute challenges are faced in the Asia-Pacific region, but the relative growth of employment opportunities needed is even higher in sub- Saharan Africa and the Middle East. 26. The inter-related crises and their social and environmental repercussions demonstrate how closely the three pillars of sustainable development are intertwined and how rapidly the impacts are amplified and transmitted in a globalized world economy. Global and national economic imbalances and social and environmental stresses exacerbate each other, with the inevitable risk of a downward spiral. 27. The economic pillar, which has been prioritized at the expense of the social and environmental pillars over the last few decades, has itself become a source of volatility and destabilization. 11 The frequency and scale of economic and environmental shocks are growing, with increasingly deep social impacts, in particular on poor segments of the population. At the same time, economic crises are deviating resources away from development, undermining investment in social and environmental improvement. 28. In view of the inefficiency of development over the past few decades and the risks and challenges associated with the emerging trends, there is an urgent need to rethink the development model and to redress the balance, recognizing that the three pillars are equally important. A new development paradigm is needed which recognizes that the quality of economic growth is as important as its quantity, and that economic policy cannot be set independently of social and environmental outcomes. A more integrated approach can harness the forces of globalization in ways that create positive links between the three pillars. Key messages concerning implementation gaps The lack of decent work opportunities caused in large measure by insufficient coherence between policies is a major challenge to achieve sustainable development. At Rio+20 governments should commit to develop mutually supportive economic, social and environmental policies for employment generation and poverty eradication by promoting sustainable enterprises and green jobs, and extending social protection whilst actively engaging with workers? and employers? organizations. II. Green Economy in the framework of sustainable development and poverty eradication Implications of the transition to a green economy for employment, poverty and sustainable development A green economy that delivers green jobs 29. The ILO and its constituents are convinced that a transition to a greener economy is necessary for sustainable development in general and from a social and labour market perspective in particular. A continuation of current trends under a business-as-usual scenario will have increasingly negative impacts on labour markets and social development. 30. While a green economy is unambiguously a necessary precondition for sustainable development, it is not sufficient. A transformation towards greener economies offers major opportunities for employment creation and social inclusion, but can also have downsides from a labour market perspective. Greening alone will neither secure the benefits, nor will it be sufficient to manage the potential downsides. 31. Evidence concerning the implications of a transition to a green economy for employment, poverty and socially sustainable development from earlier and forthcoming research by the ILO and others 12 shows that ? � Employment balances in a green economy can be positive. Net gains in job opportunities in the economy as a whole can make an appreciable contribution to addressing the challenge of creating enough jobs, provided coherent policies are in place. The gains will, however, not be sufficient to solve the employment problem, and additional policy measures are needed. � Job quality can improve in the transition to a greener economy. Such improvements are often necessary to generate the economic and environmental benefits from investments in greener production and consumption, but require conducive policies and effective labour market institutions. � The income effects of a transition and of the policy instruments used, such as increases in the relative prices of energy and natural resources, tends to be regressive and needs to be balanced through accompanying socioeconomic policies. � There are numerous opportunities to achieve social inclusion on a very large scale as part of a shift to a greener economy, including through access to energy-efficient housing, renewable energy, sustainable agriculture and forestry, inclusive waste management and recycling, but these synergies are only generated through integrated policies and programmes. � The transformation to a greener and more sustainable economy involves a transition in labour markets, with major shifts of economic activity and of workers within and between economic sectors. The downside of these shifts needs to be managed to ensure a just transition for workers and enterprises that are negatively affected, such as those losing jobs and business in industrialized countries from lowcarbon strategies, and workers and enterprises in developing countries who need to adapt to climate change in order to have sustainable livelihoods. Without targeted policies for a just transition to stabilize incomes, diversify the economy, and provide access to alternative opportunities and to the skills needed, the shift to a green economy risks being delayed or blocked by those who perceive that they stand to lose. Failure to adapt to climate change will seriously compromise the economic and social sustainability of enterprises and employment. 32. In the light of these findings, a re-balancing of the growth model is urgently required, ensuring equal weight is given to all three pillars when setting objectives and careful consideration to the relationships between them when designing policies. Key issues for the strengthening of the social pillar from the perspective of employment and income include: � greater efforts towards social inclusion � conceptualizing and building social protection both as a buffer against shocks and a stabilizer, in particular by providing a basic floor for livelihood security and targeted social assistance for the most vulnerable � greater attention to incomes and income distribution as a driver of balanced growth � greater emphasis and higher evaluation of good job quality as a feature of productive and gainful employment � a better understanding of the transition, and better guidance on the structural changes between sectors and within countries and their employment implications � the need to create green jobs and green enterprises as a means of achieving higher levels of sustainability, reaping a double or triple dividend. The importance of social protection for sustainable development 33. Social protection needs to be recognized as an enabler of sustainable, inclusive growth and as an economic stabilizer in the face of growing economic and environmental shocks. Social protection shields people from destitution and poverty; it empowers them to seize market opportunities; and it contributes to the stabilization of aggregate demand. Countries that have introduced or expanded social protection schemes as part of their development strategies are in a better position to cope with the social fallout of economic and environmental crises. Over the last decade, many developing countries have taken remarkable steps to expand coverage by basic health services and social transfer programmes, laying the grounds for comprehensive social security systems, and a social protection floor. 13 These programmes have been reinforced during the recent economic crisis, and many governments have announced development plans that include measures to broadly extend their schemes in the coming years. Social security and economic diversification plans can help the adjustment of regions and sectors (including SMEs) and vulnerable groups of workers affected by climate change and new transformational policies. 34. At its 100th Session in June 2011 the International Labour Conference adopted a set of Conclusions on social security. 14 These Conclusions represent a global tripartite consensus on social security reached by the governments and employers? and workers? representatives of the ILO?s 183 Member States. The Conclusions reaffirm that social security is a human right, as well as a social and economic necessity for countries at all levels of development. Recognizing the significant progress that many developing countries have made in extending social security coverage during the last decade, the Conclusions stipulate that closing social security coverage gaps is of the highest priority for equitable economic growth, social cohesion and decent work for all women and men. 35. The Conclusions call for the extension of social security in two dimensions: national social security extension strategies should aim at achieving universal coverage with at least minimum levels of protection (the horizontal dimension) and progressively ensuring higher levels of protection guided by up-to-date ILO social security standards (the vertical dimension). The horizontal dimension should aim at the rapid implementation of national social protection floors that ensure that over their life-cycle all in need can afford and have access to essential health care and enjoy income security, at least at a nationally defined minimum level. Strong emphasis is being placed on the fact that a one-size-fits-all approach is not appropriate. Countries should design and implement their national social protection guarantees according to national circumstances and priorities defined with the participation of social partners. 36. In June 2012 the International Labour Conference will discuss a possible Recommendation on a Social Protection Floor. Complementing the existing ILO social security standards, such a Recommendation would provide flexible but meaningful guidance to Member States in building national social security floors within comprehensive social security systems. Guiding national social security extension strategies, such a Recommendation would also support national social, economic and employment policy strategies, and contribute to poverty reduction and the formalization of informal employment. 37. A Social Protection Floor (SPF) is fundamental to sustainable development as it entails that citizens share life-cycle and market risks in a fair manner and allows workers and communities to shift into new forms of sustainable economic activity without the fear of falling into extreme poverty. The Global Social Protection Floor Initiative is a coherent global social policy concept that promotes nationally defined strategies that protect a minimum level of access to essential services and income security for all. It underpins a broader social security system that caters to citizens of all levels of income. Accounting for both demand and supply side measures, a national SPF is a basic set of rights and transfers that enables and empowers in particular the poorest members of a society to access a minimum of goods and services in the areas of health, water and sanitation and housing, education, food and related information throughout their life-cycle. Guaranteeing access to essential services and transfers that are part of the SPF empowers people, economically and socially, to cope with the potential downsides of the transition. It also helps redistribute income, thus addressing structural inequalities that have both led to and reproduced unsustainable patterns of economic, environmental and social development. Creating employment and decent work in a green economy 38. Economic, environmental and social policies should focus growth on the creation of decent work opportunities in sustainable enterprises in the real economy. Sustainable enterprises are a principal source of growth, wealth creation, employment and decent work, and safeguard the environment. 15 The promotion of sustainable enterprises is hence a major vehicle for achieving sustainable development, innovation and decent work. Entrepreneurship development and enterprise creation must be a key component in national development strategies especially in countries with high rates of youth unemployment. Central to the creation of sustainable enterprises is an enabling environment that combines the legitimate quest for profit with the need for sustainable development, which is development that respects human dignity and environmental sustainability. 39. The transition to a greener economy should include both the creation of green jobs in green sectors and the greening of enterprises across the economy. A green economy cannot simply be achieved by green financial investments alone. A focus on green jobs, i.e. jobs which reduce the environmental impact of enterprises and economic sectors to sustainable levels while offering decent work ? helps realizing a structural transition which enhances inclusion and equity. Clearly, without skilled workers, well-prepared enterprises and motivated managers green technologies, for example, cannot be used at all or not effectively. Similarly, multiple opportunities to reduce environmental impacts through labour-management cooperation would be missed. The development of skills for green jobs and a green economy, especially for youth, is an important and indispensable part of the investment into a green economy and sustainable development. 40. There is a growing body of experience showing how policies have been effective in building on the synergies between a greener economy and the need to create more and better jobs. This involves deliberate consideration and articulation of the three pillars of sustainable development, which together provide a growing menu of policy options: � Green social housing programmes in industrialized and emerging economies have been effective in overcoming energy poverty and the lack of adequate shelter. Poor households spend a disproportionate share of their income on energy, including that spent on housing. Energy-efficient social housing and access to renewable sources of energy can lead to substantial and lasting increases in the well-being and disposable income of large numbers of poor households. In addition, new jobs and income are generated through the development of local enterprises establishing and maintaining energy Infrastructure. � Rural employment generation for poverty reduction can make a major contribution to adapt and improve resilience to climate change, to improve rural economies and increase food security by boosting agricultural productivity. � Social protection linked to payment for environmental services can turn the direct dependence of many poor people on natural resources into a means of reducing poverty through the preservation or rehabilitation of the natural environment. � Access to clean energy as an economic opportunity for the bottom billion can provide large-scale employment and income opportunities in the deployment of the technology and through the use of energy. Inclusive deployment based on viable small and local enterprises is key to maximizing the benefits as they are providing many job opportunities for women and youth. � The inclusion of informal waste collectors into formalized waste management and recycling value chains, including by promoting enterprise-based systems, can result in improved livelihoods for tens of millions of women and men who are today in precarious and hazardous employment, often below the poverty line. � Well designed financial incentives for greening the economy can maximize employment creation in green sectors and limit losses in energy and resource intensive ones. Eco-taxes which raise the cost of energy and resource consumption and use the added revenues to reduce the non-wage costs of labour, can lead to a gain in employment, even in resource intensive sectors16. � Seizing the huge opportunities for greening of enterprises by improving energy efficiency, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, managing productive resources more efficiently and reducing waste, whilst improving occupational safety and health for workers and the environment for their families and communities. � In order to manage transition in the labour market, strengthened social protection, active labour market policies and economic diversification help to ensure socially inclusive outcomes from the transition to a green economy and facilitate the adaption to climate change and other environmental stresses. In this context, social dialogue that involves employers, workers and governments is an effective way to anticipate and manage restructuring and adaptation. � Active labour market policies include retraining schemes for displaced workers, jobsearch assistance, direct employment creation programmes, training programmes, and employment subsidies to promote the hiring of vulnerable groups such as lowskilled workers and new entrants to the labour force. Complementary measures can include employment guarantee schemes deploying labour-intensive rural and urban public works programmes and various forms of micro-credit schemes to promote productive self-employment. 41. Policies for sustainable development and greening the economy should be anchored in International Labour Standards, as they offer a normative framework and provide practical guidance for an effective and socially fair transition for a green economy. Key messages concerning a green economy in the framework of sustainable development and poverty eradication A transition to a green economy is a necessary precondition for sustainable development in general and from a social and labour market perspective in particular. Greening economies offers major opportunities for employment creation and social inclusion, but it can also have downsides. To ensure that a green economy is rich in employment, socially inclusive and fair, complementary social and economic policies are needed along three lines: I) Social protection as a means of social inclusion cushions the negative effects of temporary and structural change in the move to a green economy; the extension of social protection and the creation of a social protection floor for all are essential in a transition to a green economy and for the adaptation to climate change as well as a stabilizer in times of economic crisis. They are indispensable components of sustainable development. II) Entrepreneurship and sustainable enterprise development in green sectors with high potential for job creation should be actively promoted, with a focus on youth and women. III) A just transition policy framework should be adopted for workers and enterprises facing restructuring or having to adapt to climate change. This framework complements access to social protection with economic diversification and active labour market policies to facilitate adjustments through (re-) training, skills upgrading for green jobs and enterprises, enabling technologies, employment placement and, where necessary, targeted public employment schemes. III. Institutional framework for a green economy Mechanisms and institutions for policy coherence 42. The role of the institutional framework for sustainable development at international, national and local level should be a. to promote clear and achievable sustainable development objectives along with a set of measurable targets and ensure balance between the three pillars b. to ensure policy coherence, including through ex-ante assessment of impacts of policies on other pillars. Methods for conducting such assessments have been developed for the green economy and the labour market. c. to monitor progress in the three dimensions and their inter-actions. 43. The multipartite nature and modus operandi of the ILO17 could provide inspiration for guidance for a comprehensive and effective governance system which embodies the three dimensions of sustainable development and, at the same time, anchors its normative work and policy guidance in the real economy 44. Participation by relevant stakeholders in the governance of sustainable development is critical, as stressed in the Rio and Johannesburg Declarations. Given the pivotal role of workplaces, enterprises and the world of work for sustainable development, this is particularly true for employers? and workers? organizations as membership-based, democratic representatives of the two key stakeholders in the real economy, which should play an active role in the governance of sustainable development at all levels. 45. Social dialogue involving employers, workers and actors such as cooperatives, small business associations, and representative member-based groups in the informal economy such as waste workers? and street vendors? associations, is an effective way to formulate policies that are well-informed, balanced and integrated. Building consensus through social dialogue is also critical to ensure the commitment of all concerned and the sustainability of policies. Social dialogue and tripartism are fundamental elements of the ILO?s mandate, and have proven their value on numerous occasions. Most recently, this has led to the adoption of the Global Jobs Pact, 18 which addresses the challenges of the acute economic crisis in a constructive and coherent manner. The Pact has provided an integrated approach linking macro-economic, trade, labour, rural development, environmental and other policy fields, and has been used by many national policy makers. 46. The national level is of critical importance for putting sustainable development into practice. High-level consultative bodies such as national councils for social and economic development have played a key role and should be strengthened. Similar institutions should be created or strengthened at local and sectoral levels. Together with interministerial mechanisms, such institutions of dialogue have been instrumental in the formulation of integrated growth and poverty eradication strategies. 47. At the international level, relevant agencies should systematically conduct assessments of their policies on all three pillars of sustainable development, in cooperation with the relevant sectoral organizations, and should coordinate and where appropriate jointly implement their policies. Promising recent examples of such inter-agency collaboration include ILO-IMF collaboration for stronger links between growth strategies, fiscal management and social protection, and the multi-agency partnership for the promotion of a global social protection floor. Key messages concerning the institutional framework for a green economy and sustainable development It is essential to ensure tripartite participation ? by governments, employers and workers ? in international, national, sectoral and local governance structures for sustainable development policy formulation and implementation. Governance structures need to achieve greater social equity, the creation of quality employment opportunities, and a just transition for sustainable development in a green economy. International labour standards provide an important normative framework as well as practical guidance for the formulation of relevant policies and for governance. National goals should be set for sustainable development, including the creation of green jobs and social inclusion through policies for the greening of economies. These should be based on assessments of green jobs (current and potential, including gender dimensions, working conditions and decent work aspects) and translated through a process of social dialogue into employment policies that are in harmony with sustainable development policies. Geneva, 1 November 2011.


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2016 Reddan Spring Shootout
For Out of State Teams
Teams traveling from outside of Wisconsin:
- Lodging information for your team.
WYSA Tournament/Event Release of Liability and Consent for Medical Treatment form
- Every team must present this form, signed by a parent or guardian, for each player participating in this event. These documents will be checked by tournament staff at team check in and must be kept on the sideline of every game during this event.
- Out of state teams MUST use this waiver. Out of state registration forms, waiver, or medical release statements will not be honored.
USSF Permission to Travel Form
If your team is traveling to Wisconsin from out of state, please begin the process of acquiring permission to travel from your State Association.
Links to states that frequent our events are below.
A 'sanctioning' document below may be required by your State Association for them to grant your team permission to travel out of state. The sanctioning document for this tournament is available in 'Forms & Documents', see left column.
- Check In/Check List

subset: commoncrawl


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By Alice Kenny
Only three days left for you to pitch in with Feeding Our Neighbors, our Archdiocesan-wide weeklong drive to replenish food pantries supporting non-Catholics and Catholics alike.
"Pope Francis recently wrote 'if we don't share our life is a slow suicide,'" Timothy Cardinal Dolan told a crowd at St. Patrick's Cathedral at the kickoff to this year's campaign. "And this is a very simple from-the-heart appeal to share food and it works at this cold time of the year when Christmas charity is almost exhausted and when people are looking for food."
There is just one goal for Feeding Our Neighbors: that New Yorkers answer the call to feed those who are suffering in our community.
Click here and join us in Feeding our Neighbors and specify "Feeding Our Neighbors" in the comments field on our Online Gift page.
Or text "CCHOPE" to 85944 to make a quick, easy $10 donation.
Watch and listen as Cardinal Dolan speaks about Feeding Our Neighbors at St. Patrick's Cathedral.
"The Feeding Our Neighbors campaign works," Cardinal Dolan said.
Tags: Archdiocesan-wide, feeding our neighbors, food pantries, New Yorkers, Pope Francis, St. Patrick's Cathedral


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BHSU names descendants of Guy and Sylvia Doll as 2010 Legacy Family
Those attending the ceremony included: (left to right) LeVay "Blinkie" (Doll) Byers, Class of '60, Wheatland, Wyo.; Tim Olson, Class of '81, Buffalo; Laura (Halligan) Olson, Class of '81, Buffalo; Tom Olson, Class of '81, Norfolk, Neb.; Nick Olson, Attending, Spearfish; Janet (Lammers) Doll, Class of '82, Prairie City; Sam Olson, Attending, Spearfish; Samra (Olson) Trask, Class of '83, Wasta; Marcia (Orwick) Olson, Class of '86, Spearfish; Trevor Olson, Attending, Spearfish; Elaine Doll-Dunn, Class of '79, Spearfish; Dan Olson, Class of '83, Spearfish; and Doug Doll, Class of '81, Prairie City.
Black Hills State University honored the descendants of Guy and Sylvia Doll as the 2010 Legacy Family. The award was presented by BHSU President Kay Schallenkamp and Steve Meeker, vice president of University Advancement, during a recent men's basketball game.
Guy Doll attended BHSU in the late 1920s where he played football and ran track. He married Sylvia (Des Camps) in 1936 and became an outstanding rancher in Harding County. Elaine Doll-Dunn, Guy and Sylvia's daughter, says her family has enjoyed a long history of attending BHSU and she's anxious to see that tradition move into the future as she encourages the next generation of family members to consider attending her alma mater as well.
Those who were honored were: (first generation) Guy Doll, attended; (second generation) LeVay "Blinkie" (Doll) Byers, Class of '63; Janet (Lammers) Doll, Class of '82; Elaine Doll-Dunn, Class of '79; (third generation) Dael (Byers) Bennett, Class of '92; Clint Doll, attended; Jim Gillaspie, attended; Pat Gillaspie, attended; Stacie (Meink) Gillaspie, Class of '91; Erin (Gillaspie) Maclver, Class of '92; Dan Olson, Class of '83; Laura (Halligan) Olson, Class of '81; Marcia (Orwick) Olson, Class of '86; Tim Olson, Class of '82; Tom Olson, Class of '81; Samra (Olson) Trask, Class of '83; (Fourth Generation) Angela Herman, attending; Nick Olson, attending; Sam Olson, attending; Trevor Olson, attending; and Mackenzie Trask, attended.
The Legacy Family Award was created to honor families who have attended, graduated, or who are currently attending BHSU. For more information about the award or to nominate a deserving family, contact Tom Wheaton, director of Alumni Relations at BHSU, at 642-6385 or email@example.com.


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When the Devil is too busy
And Death's a bit too much
They call on me by name you see,
For my special touch.
Squid, that may very well be the best thing I've seen on the internet for a long, long while. Amazing.
Pairs: MPT, Panda Rocker, MEX, SuikunMyuu, Zapdos, CL, Link, Revan, DSX, Kelsh, and Goku!
I couldn't stop laughing at that squid holy shit i wish i could rep you twice or 3 times for it.
ahhh adam. i thought we were just posting pictures of things that fell under the "anticipation is greater than reality" category


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Sydney is still the least affordable city, followed by Melbourne and Perth. Photo: Dallas Kilponen
Would-be homebuyers should take heart from the latest survey showing a steady increase in housing affordability in all states.
The Housing Industry Association/Commonwealth Bank housing affordability index released on Tuesday, showed a rise of 5.3 per cent in the September quarter, for a reading of 65.8.
The index has now been rising for seven consecutive quarters, and is up by 15 per cent compared to the same quarter last year.
Properties became more affordable in all regions, with Hobart the most affordable city, at 78.3, Adelaide at 71.1, and Brisbane 68.5.
Sydney was the least affordable, with an index of 54.2, followed by Melbourne at 63.6 and Perth at 64.1.
HIA chief economist Harley Dale said a number of conditions had boosted the affordability picture in Australia, although there was still some reluctance for people to enter the housing market.
''Housing affordability has been improving on the back of steadily growing incomes, falling interest rates, and easing dwelling prices,'' he said. ''At the same time, however, transactions volumes have remained historically low as economic uncertainty has weighed heavily on households willingness to engage in the residential property market."
He added that an interest rate cut from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) in December could encourage buying.
The RBA left rates on hold at 3.25 per cent at its November meeting, after cuts in May, June and October.


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"Hey, honey, wanna go to Cabela's?" is a phrase women hear all too often any given Saturday, particularly during hunting season. Considering the underwhelming population of exuberant female shoppers in the store, it's safe to guess the request is commonly denied or, at best, negotiated with the promise of cinnamon almonds and a big ol' tub of buttery pretzels.
Fast-forward this same scenario to November 2012 and the grand opening of the Outlets at Traverse Mountain, a 225,000 square foot, 50-store shoppers paradise just of I-15 in Lehi. Within a short walking distance from Cabela's, you're there.
"This is not your grandmother's outlet," says Teri Sunderland, General Manager of the Outlets at Traverse Mountain. "This is a place that [people] will love and not visit one store, two stores or even three stores, [they will] plan it as a destination."
With factory store tenants like Nike, Coach, Polo Ralph Lauren, Gap, Banana Republic, J.Crew, Calvin Klein, OshKosh B'gosh, Chico's, Gymboree, Carter's, Tommy Hilfiger, Skechers, Van Heusen, Vans, Izod, Famous Footwear, Bass, Levi's and newcomers Le Creuset, GoLite and Under Armour, there's plenty to keep you occupied.
So what of the outlets we already have over the mountain in Park City? "This is nothing like that," says Steven Craig, President and CEO of outlet development firm Craig Realty Group. "While we'll have some of the same stores and some different stores, what we've added is creating a space to have a superior experience."
The heated outdoor walkways between storefronts will be covered with glass skylights, and a large common area will feature a 50-foot fireplace, making winter shopping that much more enjoyable. Come November, the inner courtyard will feature a 100-foot live Christmas tree, which will be lit at the Grand Opening on November 15.
A few restaurants are also expected, along with options for tide-me-overs at Auntie Anne's pretzels and Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory.
So who cares if your husband wants to spend the day at Cabela's? With a place like this in your grasp, we say let him.


text: Traffic operated on the cutting edge of the late-Sixties music scene at a time of rapid and remarkable evolution. Along with such kindred spirits as Cream and the Jimi Hendrix Experience, Traffic expanded rock's sonic palette. But whereas most progressive British bands were based in London, Traffic retreated to the British countryside. A key component of Traffic's mythology is their communal stone cottage in Berkshire, where the group could soak up bucolic inspiration and work without distraction. It was here the group wrote and rehearsed material for Mr. Fantasy and Traffic, among the more remarkable albums of the Sixties. Those albums were early chapters in what ...full bio


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Salman Khan's advocate
2 Salman Khan's advocate Articles
Salman Khan's 2002 hit-and-run case hearing postponed to January 30, 20134 years ago 0
Everyone wondered if the Dabangg Khan would spend his 47th birthday in the Mumbai court. Finally, here's news! A lot was being said about Salman… Read Article ▶
Will Salman Khan appear in Mumbai court on his birthday for the 2002 hit-and-run case?4 years ago 0
Have to say, the court's timing is bang-on! Sallu bhai has been summoned for this case on the very day he was born 47 years ago According to… Read Article ▶


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I had the Glory — that will do —
An Honor, Thought can turn her to
When lesser Fames invite —
With one long "Nay" —
Bliss' early shape
Deforming — Dwindling — Gulfing up —
Time's possibility.
Do you have a Nook? Get the Daily Dickinson Nook Screensaver collection!


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About a week ago, the Stockholm originating beauty Kissey Asplund released previews for a couple of her newest tracks and we couldn't be happier with what we're hearing. "Forget" is a slower song, sounding like an 80′s inspired rock-ish pop track, whereas "Sexocology" picks up the pace and borrows from 70′s disco and funk.
Sexocology (snippet) by Kissey


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Staybridge Suites Miami Doral Area
Enjoy Miami Hotel's Location Near MIA Airport
Situated in a beautiful suburban setting, the Staybridge Suites® Miami Doral Area hotel is just minutes from Miami International Airport (MIA), making the hotel a perfect choice for business and leisure travelers alike. The stylish accommodations offer comfort and convenience for your stay in Miami.
Besides Miami International Airport, the hotel is only minutes from major companies that include Carnival and Norwegian Cruise Lines, Boston Scientific and US Southern Command. The free Wi-Fi access helps you stay in touch, and you can rely on the Business Center for support. Need to host a meeting? We have an elegant boardroom with seating for up to 10 people.
When it's time to relax, this Miami hotel is surrounded by the city's best attractions. The Doral Golf Resort, home to the legendary TPC Blue Monster, is just a few blocks away. As well, don't miss a chance to explore the beautiful Everglades National Park. We are also a short drive from famous South Beach and Ocean Drive.
As a guest of the hotel, you'll enjoy friendly service and excellent amenities that are tailored to meet your needs. Take advantage the free airport shuttle that runs from 6am-10pm. We also offer a free, hot breakfast buffet each morning and The Social Reception, featuring light dinner and drinks, every Tues-Thurs. Plus, you can beat the heat in the outdoor pool! Call today and let us exceed your expectations.
Quick Info
- Check In: 3:00 PM
- Check Out: 12:00 PM
- Minimum Check-In Age: 21
- Parking: Free
- Print Fact sheet
- Chat Online
Hotel Highlights
- On-site Guest Self-Laundry Facilities
- Complimentary Breakfast Buffet
- Standard Wireless Internet service is free for all members
- On-Site Fitness Center Available
Guest Reviews
Overall Experience
My Stay
ByAJ Torres
17 April 2016
It was excellent. Very nice and clean hotel. I would definitely stay here again. My wife loved it. Thanks for all the attention.
06 April 2016
there was some confusion about where the hotel was as we could not see any signage on the outside of the hotel.
I was not offered welcome points at my check in but was offered a drink and snack from the pantry. I would have preferred points
Great Hotel!
05 April 2016
Very homey experience!! My family and I really enjoyed our stay. The staff was great and our stay was even better. The internet was very fast and we really enjoyed the social events!
Excellent Stop -Over Hotel- Great Staff
04 April 2016
We have stayed for many times in this hotel in the Miami area in the past and i believe the Hotel is constantly improving to a level, that is vey impressive for the hotel category.
The staff is ecellent and extremely friendly and thus the Hotel has become for us the place to be in the Miami area, when on Business or visiting friends.


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Real women tell their stories
Ellie Weis, Dubuque, Iowa After being a single mom for 15 years of two young boys, I met a wonderful man. We were married after being engaged for two years when he was diagnosed with a rare form of leukemia- he was gone from my life after enduring a bone marrow transplant in a mere six months. I was devastated at the loss of my husband and trying to pick up the pieces of my life. About a year later at a friend's wedding, I met Cal. We had an instant connection and fell in love instantly. We knew that we could never be apart.
It was the December of 2005 , that I found a lump in my breast. I was anxious because my mother had breast cancer and I knew I was at high risk. I made an appointment with my gynecologist and he, too, was concerned. A mammogram turned into an immediate ultra-sound and I was then referred to a surgeon. I was scheduled for a biopsy the next day. Dr. Ott took a golf ball piece out of my breast to check for cancer. After surgery, he tried to upbeat and as it was two days before Christmas. He told me to go home and enjoy the holidays and he would see me in a few days.
On Christmas Day, Cal surprised me with a gorgeous engagement ring and in front of my entire family, asked me to marry him. I was shocked, but ecstatic! We had only know each other for 8 months but he was sure I was the one he wanted to spend his life with. I said yes! But I remember standing the shower that evening with my diamond sparkling as the water came down sobbing because I felt in my heart the diagnosis would not be good news.
Two days later, I went in for my follow-up appointment. My doctor had me sit down with his nurse and the x-rays and pathology reports. He told me I had a 5.3 cm malignant tumor in my left breast and I would need a radical mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation. I was crushed. I was 45 years old with two teenage boys, a brand-new fiance and a life I loved so much. I called Cal and he came to the office to comfort me and to discuss our options. A lumpectomy was out of the question because of the size of the tumor and the unclear margins. I was terrified and so sad. I thought my second chance for happiness was over.
Part of me just wanted to stay in denial rather than face my uncertain future. Thank God for Cal, my family and friends for their love and support during this time.It turned out I had Stage 3A Lobular cancer with minimal lymph node involvement. I opted for a bi-lateral mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. This would be my first attempt to look to the future with a 'whole body'. I just wanted to look like a woman, (albeit with strange looking, patchwork breasts) for Cal. He always told he loved me, not my breasts, but I thought it would make me feel more normal. Through it all he has been my rock. His faith in me was unwavering. He never let me lose faith in myself. Times that I just wanted to curl up and never get up again and give in to the self-pity and fear, he pushed me to keep going. Without him, I doubt I would have had the strength to endure my treatment plan. With him, my boys, our families and wonderful friends I somehow made it through it all.
Fast forward three years. I had survived six months of grueling chemotherapy, 34 radiation treatments, 10 surgeries, including a total hysterectomy last fall. I decided it was time to be done with being sick and I wanted to get my body back to being healthy and in the best shape ever! I have a 50th birthday coming up and I want to be strong and fit so hopefully I can have many more. I don't dread turning 50. I'm just thrilled to still be here to celebrate it. At the beginning of this year, Cal and I joined The GYM, a fitness center in Dubuque, Iowa. Cal had gone with my son Alex as a guest and was very impressed with the place and wanted me to join too so we could go together. We have been working out religiously ever since. I have been working out with one of the personal trainers, Tony Summer. I work out 5-7 times a week, usually for an hour and a half a day. On days I can't get there, I walked outside and lift weights at home. My poor out-of-shape body had been through it all, but after the initial shock and pain and exhaustion ended I saw my energy levels soar and my stamina improve every time I work out. I spend the majority of my time on the elliptical and treadmill machines doing cardio work-outs. With the help of Tony, I have incorporated weight and strength training. He even read a book on fitness for breast cancer survivors to better understand my challenges and concerns. The weight started coming off and I am seeing amazing results. I have learned how to baby my back and shoulder which have been damaged by the radiation and multiple surgeries. Both my oncologist and my surgeon told me that the more vigorously I exercise, the better, for my overall health and my risk of recurrence.
I feel that when I joined the GYM and started to work out, my focus changed from being sick and worrying that I would die young, to loving my body and taking care of it so I can live a happy, healthy, strong life. For me it is not only about losing 25 pounds and toning up – it is a commitment to Cal, my boys, our families and mostly to myself to being healthy and alive! I used to cringe when people called me a survivor, because I was afraid it would jinx me somehow. But now, I'm proud of it because I didn't let cancer crush my spirit or my body. I am a survivor! It's been almost six months now and my conviction and commitment is unwavering. I am not doing this for vanity. My real focus is to be healthy and strong because I want to show other breast cancer patients, there is life after cancer and it is wonderful. The best is yet to be. I have to go now and put on my running shoes and head out the The GYM. I thank God everyday for giving me the opportunity to do this.
How did cancer change you? Tell your story here
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First Published Tue, 2009-09-22 15:59
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text: Can anyone tell me the position on the generator shaft that the gear and oil slinger needs to sit? The new generators do not have the hole for the pin. I am having trouble deciding where to put the gear inb relation to the vent. Does the oil slinger ride right close to the vent cavity and what causes the vent spring to compress?


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family practice
The family practice physicians at Bon Secours can care for every member of your family. These professionals are experts at diagnosing and treating a broad range of medical problems. They also have an especially deep understanding of the unique needs of girls and women. Whatever care you and your loved ones require, we have the right physician for you.
Our family practice physicians emphasize preventive care through routine checkups and health risk assessments. They also provide screening tests, immunizations, and education about developing lifestyles to keep you -- and your family -- healthy. Our physicians also will help you navigate the health care system by coordinating with medical specialists.
Our family services including:
- Annual physicals
- Chronic care for diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity
- Women's services, including pap smears and reproductive health
- Sports and back-to-school physicals
- Trauma
- Menopause
- Cardiac issues and screening with consultation and referral to a cardiologist
- Childhood obesity
- Diabetes and gestational diabetes
- Osteoporosis and bone loss prevention
- Polycystic ovarian syndrome
- Pre-conception counseling and prenatal health
- Seasonal illnesses, such as flu or pneumonia
- Urinary incontinence and urinary tract infections
For a list of Bon Secours family practitioners, click here.


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Princeton Hopes To Gain Sixth Sense At Ivy Swim/Dive Championships
LIVE RESULTS l WEEKEND SCHEDULE
LIVE VIDEO: Day 1 l Day 2 l Day 3
Now a senior captain, Daniel Hasler can't wait to experience his first Ivy League Championship weekend in Harvard's Blodgett Pool. Regardless of the finish, it's guaranteed to be a better experience for him than the last time Ivies were held in Boston.
Even if that happened to be the most memorable finish in the history of the meet, and it went in Princeton's favor.
Hasler dealt with a serious illness his freshman year that left him home while his team tried to win a third straight league title. He followed along as Harvard built a wave of momentum heading into the final session and looked primed to end Princeton's championship run.
He sent head coach Rob Orr a text, saying he thought they could get it done. Maybe he believed it. Maybe he just hoped it.
Stunningly, by only 5.5 points, the Tigers made Hasler look like a prophet.
Princeton will try to make it six straight Ivy League titles when it begins the 2014 Ivy Championships Thursday at 11 am at Blodgett Pool. All six sessions (11 am prelims; 6 pm finals) will be streamed live on the Ivy League Digital Network.
Led by a brilliant performance by the Class of 2016, Princeton won the 2013 title by 68 points over the Crimson, who will serve as this year's meet host. While Harvard and Princeton continue to lead the pack, the rest of the league continues to get faster and several teams will challenge for individual titles.
While a 5.5-point margin may be impossible to top, this year's meet could be one of the closest in recent memory. Here is a look at how Princeton stacks up in the various events.
Junior Harrison Wagner is the reigning Ivy League champion in the 50 free, and both he and En-Wei Hu-Van Wright bring Top-5 times (20.24) into the weekend. Hu-Van Wright also has a Top-10 time in the 100, though Princeton's best time in that event belongs to sophomore Jemery Wong (43.98, fourth-best in the league).
Wong is also a strong candidate in the 200 free, where he was a Top-10 finisher at Ivies last year. Junior Conner Jager also has a Top 10 time entering the weekend, and he could be a contender for his first Ivy League championship final in that event.
A pair of freshmen, Sam Smiddy and Lance Rutkin, will join sophomore Zach Ridout and senior Paul Nolle to compete in the distance events. Ridout placed third in the mile last year, while Nolle took sixth in the 1,000. Nolle won all three events as a sophomore and brings terrific experience into those events, while Smiddy and Rutkin each have at least one Top-10 time in a distance event entering the weekend.
Princeton has the reigning Ivy League champion in both the 100 and 200 back events, and both will be looking to lead a strong Princeton contingent in the two events.
Junior Michael Strand won the 100 last year, and he is a two-year finalist in the 200 as well. His Big Al time of 46.68 remains the league's best this season, while both Hu-Van Wright and junior Connor Maher have Top-5 times in the event.
Maher's time in the 200 back (1:43.98) is currently third-best in the league, but he won the 2013 Ivy title in 1:43.76 last season and will look to defend that title.
Sophomore Byron Sanborn was one of the nation's best freshmen in the 100 and 200 breast last year, and he gained the ultimate experience by competing at NCAAs after a strong performance at Ivies. Princeton will be looking for Sanborn to score big points, though he should face one of the league's best swimmers in Dartmouth senior Nejc Zupan.
Sophomore Teo D'Alessandro was a top scorer in the breast events last year, and senior tri-captain Daniel Hasler placed in the top six in both 'A' finals last year as well. Sophomore Marco Bove also has a Top-10 time in the 100 entering the weekend.
Princeton may not have a top contender in the fly, but it has a handful of swimmers who could score in the 'A' finals. Strand won the 'B' final in the 100 last year, but his time of 47.63 is currently third-fastest in the league. Junior Oliver Bennett was an 'A' finalist in the 200 last year, and he has a Top-5 time this year. Sophomore Marco Bove is just behind Bennett in the 200, but he also placed in the Top 5 of the 200 last year.
Sophomore Teo D'Alessandro holds both the Princeton record and the Ivy League's top time in both the 200 (1:45.08) and the 400 (3:47.22) this season. He will be challenged by a plethora of strong underclassmen throughout the league, including Hu-Van Wright, who has the Ivy's third-best time in the 200 (1:47.84).
Hasler is always a contender in the 400 IM, where he has finished third in back-to-back years. Sanborn and Bove were 'A' finalists in the 200 last year, and both have Top-8 times heading into this weekend's meet.
Stevie Vines '13 consistently provided big points for the Tigers off the boards, and now Princeton will look for similar production this weekend from the likes of senior Mark O'Connell, junior Michael Manhard and freshman Nathan Makarewicz. O'Connell, another senior captain, reached both finals in 2012 and 2013, while Manhard was an 'A' finalist in the 3-meter event last year.


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What Really Happened in Chile
On September 9, 1973, I was eating lunch at Da Carla, an Italian restaurant in Santiago, Chile, when a colleague joined my table and whispered in my ear: "Call home immediately; it's urgent." At the time, I was serving as a clandestine CIA officer.
See more in Chile; Regime Changes


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|Len Lawr
Leonard Len' Lawr made waves in his very first season as an Idaho swimmer. As a freshman in 1956, Lawr led the Vandal frosh team to an undefeated record and broke the school record in the 440-yard freestyle. In 1957, he led the Vandal swimmers to their best record in years and earned a spot on the Pacific Coast Conference All-Northern Division team. That year, his teammates also voted him the Outstanding Vandal Swimmer and Most Inspirational Swimmer. He left the school as the Idaho record holder in the 100-meter freestyle with a best time of 54.11.


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Home » Faculty + Staff Directory
(315) 443-2361Room: firstname.lastname@example.com
Kaitlin advises all students and manages the Senior Certification process. She oversees the Summer Start program and works with our Exchange students. Kaitlin has her master's in higher education administration from Northeastern University and bachelor's degree from James Madison University. Kaitlin's ancestor, Jedediah Barber, an early resident and entrepreneur, helped establish her hometown of Homer, NY.


text: "Paul McCartney tells a story about Stevie, about the time that they were recording 'Ebony and Ivory,' and Paul and Linda invited Stevie to dinner, and they said, 'How about tonight at eight o'clock,' and he said, 'Yeah, eight o'clock.' So eight o'clock came and went, and nine o'clock, and ten o'clock - dinner's getting cold; by midnight they said, 'Well, I guess he's not coming,' and they just went to sleep. Two days later at eight o'clock precisely, Stevie Wonder showed up for dinner - but it's like he said to Quincy Jones once - 'I'm going to show you some new dimensions in time and space.' And that he did, in his brilliant career. Can anyone imagine what the last 25 years of American popular music would be without Stevie Wonder? He is the composer of his generation. A melody writer of such effortless virtuosity that he is virtually incomparable. His voice is an incredible instrument - the perfect phrasing and intonation. Many people try to imitate Stevie Wonder, but there's only one Stevie Wonder. His keyboard playing and his synthesizer work revolutionized the way people approached the studio, and the guy plays harmonica better than everybody else. I remember a couple years ago when we were doing 'We are the World,' and Stevie announced to everybody that he wanted us to sing one of the verses in Swahili - whereupon Waylon Jennings slipped out of the room, never to return. Anyway, he wasn't sure - Stevie wasn't sure about the pronunciation of the words, so he said he knew this guy in Nigeria - he was gonna call the guy and make sure he had the right pronunciation. Well, about three o'clock in the morning, a phone call came in from Nigeria, and Stevie came back and said, 'Well if everybody's up to it, you think we can try these words in Swahili?' And Ray Charles said, 'Shit, man, it's three o'clock in the morning. I can't even sing in English.' And Stevie said, 'Just relax, we'll do it in one take, and then I'll drive you home.' We've been driving home with little Stevie Wonder for 25 years now, and I want to thank him for being alive and on this planet. I look forward to hearing the next 25 years of his music. It's my privilege to induct into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Steveland Morris - Stevie Wonder."


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Johnny Johnson Jr.
Position: RB
Height: 6-3 Weight: 220 lbs.
Born: June 11, 1968 in Santa Clara, CA
High School: Santa Cruz
College: San Jose St. (school history) (Johnson college stats)
Drafted by the Phoenix Cardinals in the 7th round (169th overall) of the 1990 NFL Draft.
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 37 (2560th overall since 1950)
1-time Pro Bowler (fine print)
Other SR Links: College Football at Sports-Reference.com


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Gehrig Division Race Opens Up Following Baseball Sweep by Columbia
Box Score: Game One
Box Score: Game Two
The Princeton baseball team made its chances of advancing to the Ivy League Championship Series a little more difficult after being swept by first-place Columbia Saturday. An 8-2 hit differential by the Lions opened up the series with a 4-0 loss, marking the first defeat for starting pitcher Zak Hermans in Ivy play this year. Game two saw the Tigers open with the early lead, but things unraveled in the sixth and ninth innings and Columbia won 7-1.
Turning Point of the Game: Ultimately the crux of the game came in the top of the first of game one, when Alex Black hit a solo home run to left field to score the eventual game-winner for the Lions. It was only second long ball hit off Hermans over eight appearances this year. As Princeton's offense was unproductive, Columbia added insurance runs in the fifth to seal the victory.
Game two saw the Tiger offense get going immediately. With a pair of outs and a runner on second, Steve Harrington hit an RBI single up the middle to prop Princeton to a 1-0 advantage. As starter Kevin Link held Columbia scoreless and limited them to one hit through four, Princeton's offense silenced and was unable to further protect its lead. The Lions took advantage of their ensuing opportunities, tying the game in the fifth and scoring a pair on three hits and an error in the sixth. Things unraveled further in the ninth as the visitors added four more runs on five hits and an error.
Player of the Game: Harrington started and played in right field in game two. He went 3-for-4 and accounted for Princeton's lone run off his first inning RBI single. The outfielder got distance on all three of hits, as the first went up the middle and the other two were deep to the right side.
Divisional Standings: With the sweep, Columbia now is three games ahead of the Tigers at 11-3. Princeton sits at 8-6 and will need a sweep Sunday and some help next week to remain in the hunt for the Gehrig Division title.
On Deck: Princeton (11-24, 8-6) and Columbia (19-16, 11-3) conclude the four-game series on Sunday, Apr. 21. First pitch is at 12 noon at Clarke Field.


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If you're brave enough to face the danger, slink down to 300 W. 1300 South, or visit the website here.
Read our zombie interview from our Sept/Oct issue below, and be sure to check back for an intimate look at the horrors within.
Casey Harrison, Nightmare on 13th's Veteran Zombie
Casey Harrison was a kid when he first saw Nightmare on Elm Street, and even though the movie terrified him, he was inspired. Now, as an adult, he's Nightmare on 13th's cast director and, like Freddy Krueger, has a history of making people wet themselves.
"It was my first season, and I was in this graveyard scene, coming out of the ground and crawling toward these two couples. One of the boyfriends started freaking out, so I crawled at his feet. Then his girlfriend ran to him and grabbed onto him, and I actually saw her pee--just a wet mess."
"But, you know, scaring people is what we're there to do. Cast members who end up proving to me they made someone pee get lunch or dinner on me."
"I'd dress up as anything from a zombie to an executioner, but my favorite was the chainsaw guy." He still dresses up sometimes, but his main job now is keeping the cast on task and coaching them through any problems.
"During the off season, we go to conventions around the country to find new products. At Transworld in Saint Louis, we found a new part for our Nightmare Theater (pre-show): You're looking out a window at a zombie eating a body, then it comes charging at the window. A shotgun blows the zombie's head off, and the crowd gets sprayed with blood (actually water)." Also new this year, half of the house will be taken over by demons and goblins and the other half by zombies.
Harrison hires about 70 of 300 applicants each year. He also works at Black Diamond Climbing, but the haunted house is his top priority. He looks for applicants who love scaring, but they can rarely scare him.
"When somebody does, I give them props. Last year, we had this tomb area with zombies, and one wasn't standing in his usual spot. He was actually behind me and made this little snarl that startled me."
Harrison and the rest of the crew can be seen, still in costume, at The Pie or at the table they always sit at in Dee's after work. "By the end of the season, the whole cast are friends and we stay in touch."
"I love Halloween, and I love horror. I'm sure this is what I'll be doing for the rest of my life."
Our exclusive zombie interview can also be read in Salt Lake magazine, on newsstands now.


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Give employees the support they need with the Soft Step Anti-Fatigue mat. This 27" x 60" vinyl foam mat reduces the fatigue and discomfort that comes from hours of standing.
Features 3/8" thick vinyl foam construction for resilient durability.
Need a different size or shape? These mats can be easily cut with scissors.


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Gardening Articles: Edibles :: Vegetables
Tomato Trellises
by National Gardening Association Editors
Tomato vines that ramble over the ground are much more likely to suffer damage from slugs, and the fruits are prone to rot wherever they touch the ground. Getting the fruit up in the sun enhances ripening, and is especially important where the season is brief.
Training systems let you fit more plants into your garden. That means higher total yields. The ideal trellis uses inexpensive, durable materials that store easily, and it's simple and quick to put up and take down.
Here are four proven designs. Shepherd Ogden, NG's contributing editor and author of Step by Step Organic Vegetable Gardening, grows several hundred tomato pants each year in Vermont using three of these designs. The stake and weave system is favored by specialty tomato growers in the Southeast and Southwest.
Most people find it easier to erect the trellis framework after the plants are in the ground, so you can see where everything ought to go. You can, however, do the work anytime after the soil is prepared but before the plants get much more than a foot tall. Set up the trellises two to three weeks after panting, right before the mulch goes down.
Bamboo Quadripods
Training tomato plants to bamboo quadripods is much like training them to single stakes, but the quadripods are very stable and nearly windproof. Bamboo is both very light and very strong. The ends of the canes needn't be pushed very far into the ground, which minimizes decay, and the canes can last for several seasons.
Use seven-foot by 3/4-inch bamboo canes, available at many garden centers. Set the tomato plants about two feet apart down each side of the garden bed. Stick the bamboo canes into the soil at each plant. Then, at about six feet above the ground, lash a pair of canes together with the opposing pair on the other side of the bed to make a series of quadripods down the bed.
Fasten the tomato vines to the canes with eight-inch pieces of twine, tying them at about every flower cluster. Pinch out most side shoots, and tie on any that you want to keep.
For added strength, lay bamboo canes across the top to span the row of quadripods. This greatly increases both the stability of the structure and its versatility. Run twine from the top piece to the ground and the system will work well for cucumbers, melons, pole beans, peas and nearly any other crop you want to trellis.


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VMware vCloud® Connector™ oversees and connects to private, public, or hybrid clouds that combines both, enabling users to move content from one cloud to another.
Connecting Clouds
vCloud Connector makes hybrid cloud computing easy. Bring your existing applications, workloads and templates to a public cloud such as the VMware vCloud® Air™ while retaining the freedom to move these applications back into your own data center when needed. Built-in compression, an improved and "path-optimized" multi-part transfer and checkpoint-restart makes transferring workloads between your connected clouds faster and more reliable than ever before.
Unified View into Cloud Workloads
Using the same vSphere® client that you use today, you can now view, copy and operate on workloads, including virtual machines, vApps and templates across internal data center and private or public clouds like the VMware vCloud Air. From the workloads view, you can view and manage virtual machines and vApps. From the catalogs view, you can view and manage your templates. Add up to ten public or private clouds to vCloud Connector to maximize your hybrid cloud footprint.
Data Center Extension
By extending the logical boundaries of the data center, you can accelerate the deployment time of your workloads while maintaining consistency across clouds. Data Center Extension (DCE) allows for the transfer of workloads across clouds without needing to reconfigure the network settings in the destination. This increases operational agility of the cloud, realizing "one network" to deliver your applications.
Content Sync
You can now manage a single content catalog across your entire cloud environment using Content Sync. With Content Sync, a source catalog is defined and all other "synchronized" catalogs will get any new templates added to the source. This facilitates greater collaboration by bringing remote locations together with the source. This also eases the management of multiple catalogs, increasing operational efficiency and deployment turnaround time.
Evolve Your Data Center
Easily attach compatible, scalable and compliant cloud resources to your private vSphere data center by using vCloud Connector and the vCloud Air. Built upon VMware vSphere and vCloud APIs, vCloud Connector allows customers to connect VMware vSphere or VMware® vCloud Director®-based private and public clouds and manage them under a single interface, evolving your data center into a hybrid cloud.


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The Stuttgart City Council will meet with only one item on the agenda at Tuesday's regularly scheduled council meeting.
The Museum of the Arkansas Grand Prairie is requesting a street closing for the German Heritage Festival, which will be held Saturday, April 20.
The street closing is for the 5K fun run and walk that is held in conjunction with the festival. The race takes place at 9 a.m. Museum of the Arkansas Grand Prairie Director Melanie Baden estimates the race will take approximately an hour.
The closings, if approved, will include Fourth to Vine, Vine to 13th, 13th to Leslie, Leslie to 17th, 17th to Grand, Grand to 13th, 13th to College, College to Second, Second to Rose, Rose to Fourth and Fourth to the end of the race at the Museum.
The Stuttgart City Council meeting will be held at 5:30 p.m. Tuesday at Stuttgart City Hall, located at 304 S. Maple St. All meetings are open to the public. To have an item added to the agenda call (870) 673-8533.
Location, ST | website.com


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Perfect 10!
Miami's well-heeled Colombian community came out in full force for the Give to Colombia 10th anniversary soiree at The Ritz-Carlton South Beach. The event celebrated 10 years of raising funds to support more than 160 social programs in the South American country. After a cocktail hour at which guests enjoyed an exhibit featuring Colombian vintage bills transformed into artworks, the highlight of the party was a concert by Andres Cabas. Then came a three-course dinner during which Christie's auctioneer Steven Zick led a live auction that included everything from a customized Burberry trench coat to having the chance to drive a McLaren 12C Spider on the track of the Palm Beach International Raceway. –Photography by Dora Franco


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If you know anything at all about former Utah Gov. Jon Huntsman, you know he has deep ties with the Asian communities.
And if you ever attended one of the Diwali celebrations he held at the governor's mansion, you would have seen the respect and love returned. Huntsman's house was overrun with members of the Indian-, Pakistani- and Sikh-American communities' religious leaders, merchants and entrepreneurs and, naturally, their children.
The Huntsmans were beloved in part for having adopted orphans from India (Asha Bharati) and China (Gracie Mei) but the connection went beyond that. He loved their cultures, their foods (especially their fiery street food) an their religions. Even before he served as ambassador to China, Huntsman joked that perhaps his adoptive daughters would set an example of respect and cooperation that their native lands would follow.
So it comes as no surpise that following the shooting at a Sikh temple in Wisconsin, Huntsman would reach out to his friends at the Sikh temple on Redwood Road.
"When events like (Sunday's shooting) happen, I want you to know that everyone is with you. They might not come to visit as I have today ... but I would say most all Utahns' hearts are very heavy with a sense of sadness about what happened."
Maybe not everyone. The Huntsman's adopted daughters were featured in an attack ad that hinted that Huntsman is "unAmerican."
In a sidenote, I remember when feasting at Diwali a few years ago with members of the Asian community, several assured me that the Utah governor who threw his doors open to them was "really a Democrat." Considering his positions and performance in the GOP presidential race, maybe they know something Jon doesn't.


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Wimbledon fourth round action
Mike Hewitt July 1, 2013 9:02 AM
The second week of Wimbledon kicks off. Monday marks "Manic Monday" and it lived up to its name as Serena Williams ended her winning streak and was defeated by Sabine Lisicki. What other surprises does Wimbledon have in store for us?


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Showing 1 - 6 of 6 for "residence hall"
Joy and generosity in the residence halls
Each year, "service" auctions are held in the residence halls to support local non-profit organizations.
November 27, 2012 | Chelsea Tanis
Let the bidding begin: annual service auctions
Calvin's residence halls auctioned off homemade goods—and offbeat services—to benefit the NGOs they partner with.
December 13, 2011 | Andrew Steiner
Kill-A-Watt: points for sustainability
During interim, Calvin challenges students to scale down their environmental footprints.
January 20, 2011 | Theo Voss
Whipped cream and a whole lot more
There's a mess of whipped cream cans perched on the front desk of Nordewier-Vanderwerp Hall and no pumpkin pies in sight. This is a dorm service auction, and the whipped cream is meant for faces, not pies.
November 26, 2008 | Allison Graff
Living and learning in new van Reken Hall
The newly finished van Reken Hall is dedicated to creating living-learning communities.
August 22, 2008 | Lynn Rosendale
Calvin Students Move In This Week
Move-in day at Calvin College is Wednesday, August 30, a day the college expects some 1,036 first-year students to move onto campus.
August 28, 2006 | N/A


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Whether treating a toddler in an emergency or supporting a teen through chemotherapy treatments, we are dedicated to the care of each patient. It's through teamwork at every level of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and with you, the family, that we are able to achieve excellence in pediatric care.
See more about us
With a proven track record of providing world-class care to patients in more than 30 pediatric specialties, we are a model for other pediatric hospitals. Infants, teens and young adults belong in a children's hospital where they can get specialized treatment from caregivers who know the important differences between children and adults.
See our clinical services
Research is a cornerstone of the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta mission to enhance the lives of children. In conjunction with Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia Tech and Morehouse, Children's seeks answers to the most challenging childhood medical conditions through teaching and research.
We all want happy, healthy kids. But as a busy parent, helping your kids eat well and stay active can be a challenge.
At Strong4Life, created by Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, our doctors, nutritionists and wellness experts create fun, easy ways to help your kids eat, move and live healthier. From picky eaters to passionate gamers, we have a slew of simple tips by experts who understand, because we're parents, too.
As a not-for-profit organization, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta relies on the generous financial and volunteer support of our community. Your donations directly impact the lives of each family served by Children's and support many initiatives such as clinical excellence, research, teaching, wellness and charity care.
Our Orthopaedic Program team features multidisciplinary medical experts. The program is led by Michael Schmitz, M.D., Chief of Orthopaedics.
Though our International Patient Services, we help meet the unique needs of families traveling from outside of the United States.
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta is ranked among the top pediatric orthopaedic programs in America according to U.S.News & World Report. From simple fractures to femoroacetabular (hip) impingement, we provide a complete comprehensive care for children and teenagers with congenital, neuromuscular and post-traumatic problems of the musculoskeletal system.
Our program also offers related services, including occupational and physical therapy, sports medicine, orthotic and prosthetics.
With our help, your child can enjoy being a kid again.
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What's up, people? What's been happening at PD for the past years. Please give me a stat update haha.
What's up, people? What's been happening at PD for the past years. Please give me a stat update haha.
Random: heat's a bitch lately.
cosmo came and went
anything non-misc died
mewtwo fucked up the forums
anything you want to know in specific?
More about the fucking up part.
Oh that sucks. Any significant drama?
Hahaha. What else is new? Kidding.
I've seen those conversations. Haha.
peeki and lm back on pd
"I'll go," said Chagataev. "But what will I do there? Build socialism?"
"What else?" said the secretary.
We totally planned a revolution.
How are ya?
I miss that gal. Hahaha. I recall pichubro mentioning how she wouldn't spend much time away from PD because of missing awesome stuff...I kinda miss that hahaha.
Well yeah. PD used to average close to a post a minute at one point. :P Mex's 3,000 thread was even faster than that.
Haha. I remembered those post outbursts. Hahaha. So far, has activity been picking up lately?
Yeah, now we only have 20 year old morons to argue with.
/s ;3
Haha, well she is one of PD's firsts, so she knows the forum's soft spots. Haha.
Oh well, things will turn out for the better I guess if quality activity continues. I mean, the forum survived until now and that says a lot about the efforts of loyalty and innovation.
At least PD's still here. Haha, that's what matters.
Nah, I haven't reuploaded it. It's still the same.
So you finally noticed me! *tears*
*hands Peeki a tissue*
Hey, nice to see you!
Originally made by LM:
~ I have said nothing because there is nothing I can say that would describe how I feel as perfectly as you deserve it. -- Kyle Schmidt ~
~Silence is one of the hardest arguments to refute. -- Josh Billings ~
* dragon_berry**Fallen_Wings*


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In June 1958, Buddy Holly met and fell in love with Maria Elena Santiago, a receptionist at Peer-Southern Music, Holly's music publisher, in New York City. After proposing marriage on their first date, the two were married in Lubbock, Texas, in August. After their wedding, Buddy and Maria Elena Holly moved into an apartment at the Brevoort building, at 11 Fifth Avenue in Greenwich Village, on the site of a house once occupied by Mark Twain and just two blocks from Greenwich Village's "beatnik" culture, which was in full swing by the late 1950s.
Living in the Village, Holly and Maria Elena would spend hours wandering around the streets, frequenting intellectual hangouts such as the Bitter End and Café Bizarre. "Buddy loved those places," Maria Elena remembered. "The strange clothes the people wore, the poetry readings, the way they talked to one another. He loved the freedom, the way everyone was allowed to do their thing." More than anything, Holly was attracted to the music that would literally drift down the street – blues, jazz, folk, even flamenco music.
By the time the young couple had settled into their Manhattan apartment, Holly had set up a recording and publishing company called Prism, which he intended to focus on as a talent-spotter and producer, parallel to his songwriting and performing career. His dreams didn't end there: he wanted to perform in movies (like Elvis Presley did), write musical scores for films, record a gospel album (ideally with among his favorite gospel singers, Mahalia Jackson) and begin collaborating on duets with other artists, such as Ray Charles. Prism's chief objective was to tap into the huge reservoir of musical talent in West Texas, where Holly grew up. He had developed plans for a recording studio and office complex in Lubbock, Texas, that would serve as the command center for Prism. However, as a newlywed and with all of the possibilities that New York offered in the music business, Holly decided to base his headquarters in New York. (pictured, left: Buddy Holly's suit, circa 1958)
In the center of their living room apartment, Holly had set up a secondhand Ampex tape recorder that he had bought from his manager, Norman Petty. With the upcoming establishment of his Prism Company, Holly would use the Ampex to record demo versions of his songs, cover songs and new songs that he had written or was working on. According to Maria Elena, Holly would jump out of bed, rush into the living room and grab his guitar to record one of the many ideas that he would pop into his head.
In October 1958, Holly had a recording session at Decca's Pythian Temple studios with Dick Jacobs, Coral-Brunswick's new head of A&R. Holly had arranged for orchestral strings to accompany him during the session and two of the songs he recorded, a Paul Anka-penned number, "It Doesn't Matter Anymore," and a song inspired by his new wife, "True Love Ways" became hits. For many years, it was believed that these recordings were his last.
However, from early December 1958 through late January 1959, Holly recorded six original songs on the tape recorder in his apartment: "Peggy Sue Got Married," "That's What They Say," "What To Do," "That Makes It Tough," "Crying, Waiting, Hoping" and "Learning the Game." He also toyed around with arrangements and tempos for cover songs he recorded – versions of the Coasters' "Smokey Joe's Café," Mickey and Sylvia's "Love is Strange" and a few different renditions of Little Richard's "Slippin' and a Slidin'."
Sadly, not long after recording those solo acoustic tracks in his apartment, Buddy Holly perished in a plane crash on February 3, 1959, shortly after leaving a gig at the Surf Ballroom in Clear Lake, Iowa. The crash also took the lives of fellow stars J.P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson and Ritchie Valens, and this date has become historically known as "The Day the Music Died." (pictured, right: Buddy Holly's Union Card, 1959)
After his death, some of the "apartment tapes" were overdubbed by Norman Petty, using both the Crickets and a local West Texas band, the Fireballs, as backing. These new singles came out through 1960. Other songs on the tapes were overdubbed by producer John "Jack" Hansen at Coral Records in New York with the Ray Charles Singers on backing vocals. For years, the original apartment tapes were unreleased. Eventually, the songs began to leak out and appeared on various bootlegs, becoming rare and serious finds. In February 2009, the original apartment tapes were officially released to coincide with the 50th anniversary of Holly's untimely death, with versions on two commercially available albums – Buddy Holly Memorial Collection and Buddy Holly Down the Line Rarities.
Visit the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum in Cleveland, Ohio, where Buddy Holly is among the artists featured in the Main Exhibit Hall's "Rave On: Rock and Roll's Early Years" collection.