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- Police: Cape man kidnapped woman, then raped, assaulted her (06/30/16)7
- Many Jackson students may face random drug-testing (06/26/16)41
- Jackson man accused of felony assault after attack at Cape bar (06/26/16)7
- Four men accused of roles in three robberies (06/29/16)3
- Coroner asks for grand jury in Poplar Bluff fatal hit-and-run case (06/28/16)1
- Southeast president to get his U.S. citizenship July 4 (06/30/16)34
- Cape murderer still will serve 2 life sentences; appeals court forced reduced charge (06/30/16)
- Cape detective who helped solve Krajcir case is retiring (06/28/16)8
- Officials: Ash borer less of a problem here than in St. Louis (06/27/16)
- Business notebook: Melting Co. adds to Cape's food-truck fleet (06/27/16)
Today in History
Today is Thursday, July 19, the 201st day of 2012. There are 165 days left in the year.
Today's Highlight in History:
On July 19, 1812, during the War of 1812, the First Battle of Sackets Harbor in Lake Ontario resulted in an American victory as U.S. naval forces repelled a British attack.
On this date:
In 1553, King Henry VIII's daughter Mary was proclaimed Queen of England after pretender Lady Jane Grey was deposed.
In 1848, a pioneer women's rights convention convened in Seneca Falls, N.Y.
In 1870, the Franco-Prussian war began.
In 1943, allied air forces raided Rome during World War II.
In 1952, the Summer Olympics opened in Helsinki, Finland.
In 1961, TWA became the first airline to begin showing regularly scheduled in-flight movies as it presented "By Love Possessed" to first-class passengers.
In 1969, Apollo 11 and its astronauts, Neil Armstrong, Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin and Michael Collins, went into orbit around the moon.
In 1979, the Nicaraguan capital of Managua fell to Sandinista guerrillas, two days after President Anastasio Somoza fled the country.
In 1980, the Moscow Summer Olympics began, minus dozens of nations that were boycotting the games because of the Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan.
In 1989, 111 people were killed when a United Air Lines DC-10 crashed while making an emergency landing at Sioux City, Iowa; 185 other people survived.
In 1990, President George H.W. Bush joined former presidents Ronald Reagan, Gerald R. Ford and Richard M. Nixon at ceremonies dedicating the Nixon Library and Birthplace (since redesignated the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum) in Yorba Linda, Calif.
In 1992, anti-Mafia prosecutor Paolo Borsellino was killed along with five members of his security escort in a car bombing in Palermo, Sicily.
Ten years ago: The Dow Jones industrials dipped below their post-terrorist attack lows in a 390-point selloff. ConAgra Beef Co. of Colorado asked Americans to destroy 19 million pounds of hamburger meat because of E. coli concerns. Alejandro Avila was arrested in the slaying of 5-year-old Samantha Runnion of Stanton, Calif. (Avila was later convicted and sentenced to death.) Celebrated musicologist Alan Lomax died in Safety Harbor, Fla., at age 87.
Five years ago: A federal judge dismissed a lawsuit brought by former CIA operative Valerie Plame, who was demanding money from Bush administration officials she blamed for leaking her agency identity. Taliban gunmen abducted 23 South Koreans who worked at an aid organization in Kandahar, Afghanistan. (Two hostages were fatally shot; the rest were later freed.)
One year ago: Summoned by British lawmakers to answer for a phone hacking and bribery scandal at one of his tabloids, media mogul Rupert Murdoch said he was humbled and ashamed, but accepted no responsibility for wrongdoing.
Today's Birthdays: Former Sen. George McGovern, D-S.D., is 90. Actress Helen Gallagher is 86. Country singer Sue Thompson is 86. Country singer George Hamilton IV is 75. Singer Vikki Carr is 72. Country singer-musician Commander Cody is 68. Actor George Dzundza is 67. Rock singer-musician Alan Gorrie (Average White Band) is 66. Rock musician Brian May is 65. Rock musician Bernie Leadon is 65. Actress Beverly Archer is 64. Movie director Abel Ferrara is 61. Actor Peter Barton is 56. Rock musician Kevin Haskins (Love and Rockets; Bauhaus) is 52. Movie director Atom Egoyan is 52. Actor Campbell Scott is 51. Actor Anthony Edwards is 50. Country singer Kelly Shiver is 49. Actress Clea Lewis is 47. Country musician Jeremy Patterson is 42. Classical singer Urs Buhler (Il Divo) is 41. Actor Andrew Kavovit is 41. Alt-country singer Elizabeth Cook is 40. Rock musician Jason McGerr (Death Cab for Cutie) is 38. Actor Benedict Cumberbatch is 36. Actor Jared Padalecki is 30. Actor Steven Anthony Lawrence is 22.
Thought for Today: "Ben Franklin may have discovered electricity, but it is the man who invented the meter who made the money." -- Earl Warren, Chief Justice of the United States (1891-1974).
Copyright 2012, The Associated Press. All rights reserved.


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This week was an exciting week in Super Smash Bros. news, as we saw a brand new screenshot that hints at a Super Mario Galaxy level, featuring Kirby. In addition to that, Princess Peach was announced as a playable character and several new screenshots of her moves have been shown off, including a new move that seems to include her crown.
Check out the full gallery below and let us know what you think about these brand new screenshots and stay tuned next week for another round up of Super Smash Bros. screenshots, as they're released daily.
Continue reading:
- Tokyo Mirage Sessions #FE Review
- The Final Splatfest is Fighting for the Squid Sisters
- Nintendo president confirms that NX is coming
- Shigeru Miyamoto says VR must be affordable
TAGS: Masahiro Sakurai, Nintendo, Super Smash Bros, wii u

subset: commoncrawl


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- Burgers
Menu for Sonic
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Aug 28 2014
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Operation Allied Force
Only Available in Archive Formats.
Host Bob Edwards talks to NPR's Tom Gjelten about the latest news on the military operation in Yugoslavia.
Please keep your community civil. All comments must follow the NPR.org Community rules and terms of use, and will be moderated prior to posting. NPR reserves the right to use the comments we receive, in whole or in part, and to use the commenter's name and location, in any medium. See also the Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Community FAQ.


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Where would it be? And why?
If You Could Live Anywhere in the USA...
Here, San Diego. Just wish we could afford to live here forever.
I love my USMC 53 Pilot. �Mommy to Will (5/1/07) and Charlotte (1/15/11).�
I love San Diego! I live in Atlanta right now but we're moving to Charlotte, NC next month. If I had it my way though, I'd be living in Los Angeles or San Diego.
Please Leave Feedback HERE
isonn - seacoast
Born Dec 31st, 2010
my love for my beautiful boy keeps growing every second
Oooh, far from me! I live in MA so I'm not too far from a small part of NH. Basically just Hinsdale. Hehe.
The cool thing to do in the summer, though, is to head to Hampton Beach!
Allie <3 Kyle
Baby Gus 01.20.2011
*Our one and only*
San Diego for me. I love the beach and palm trees. The weather there is also perfect! All of my family lives here in MD, I couldn't that far away from them. If they come too then San Diego definitely!
I like where I live. We have 4 seasons, mountians, big city, country, and the ocean.
To who ever mentioned coastal Maine, I love it there! We spend our vacations on the beach there (we go at least twice a year) and when we used to be able to get away for romantic weekends we would go to MidCoast Maine.
Mother of 5: 3 run (6/08)(2/11)(3/12), 2 soar ^i^(4/07 & 10/09)^i^
Celebration, Fl so I could be down the street for Walt Disney World, Hilton Head, SC, or near Williamsburg, Va. These are my three favorite places to vacation and would love to live in any of those places!
Momma to 2 perfect little boys: M and J
Bizz11 - where do you live?
Please Leave Feedback HERE
Mother of 5: 3 run (6/08)(2/11)(3/12), 2 soar ^i^(4/07 & 10/09)^i^
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Get a glimpse of what's to come.
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Georges "Rush" St. Pierre Related Articles
Postal Connections: No Exact Change
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Opinion: GSP-Bisping Superfight Lacks 'Super'
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It's official: Georges St. Pierre is coming out of his three-year hiatus to compete in the UFC.
Georges St. Pierre Ready to Return from Hiatus, Targeting Fight with Michael Bisping
By: Tristen CritchfieldRead More
After a retirement that lasted nearly three years, Georges St. Pierre is ready to return to the Ultimate Fighting Championship.
Sherdog's Official Mixed Martial Arts Rankings
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When Stephen Thompson showed up in the UFC just over four years ago and lamped Dan Stittgen with a beautiful Brazilian kick to the dome, there...
By the Numbers: UFC Ottawa
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UFC Fight Night "MacDonald vs. Thompson"
Stephen Thompson Upends Rory MacDonald in UFC Fight Night Title Eliminator
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Stephen Thompson cements his place as the No. 1 contender at 170 pounds with unanimous decision over Rory MacDonald.
Preview: UFC Fight Night 'MacDonald vs. Thompson'
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Top welterweight contenders Rory MacDonald and Stephen Thompson collide on Saturday in Ottawa, Ontario.
Ex-UFC Champ Anderson Silva Ranks Among the Best Strikers in the World
When it comes to the best strikers in the world, Anderson Silva is near the top of most any credible list -- at least when it comes to MMA.


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Local Gov't Stories, Events
Ref. : Civic Events
Ref. : Arts & Education Events
Ref. : Public Service Notices
Books, Films, Arts & Education
Ref. : Letters to the editor
Health Care & Environment
06.28 US, Canada and Mexico pledge 50% of power from clean energy by 2025
06.28 How the London Array blows away the competition in green energy
06.28 69m children will die of preventable causes, says Unicef
06.27 This City Is Home to 820 Urban Farms and Quickly Becoming America's Urban Ag Capital
06.27 Global air pollution crisis 'must not be left to private sector'
06.26 New pain drug being developed at University of Maryland could offer relief without addiction [a non-addicting, legally prescribed opioid drug would greatly reduce crime and and improve public health]
06.26 German government agrees to ban fracking after years of dispute
06.26 Coal-Plant Retirements in New England Have 'Opened the Door' for Alternatives
06.24 UK's out vote is a 'red alert' for the environment
06.24 66 million dead trees in California could fuel 'catastrophic' wildfires, officials say
06.22 Republicans Offer a Plan to Replace Obamacare
06.22 Women Take Over the Family Farm
06.22 Our new alliance unites 600m city dwellers in fight against climate change
06.22 California's last nuclear plant to close amid longstanding earthquake concerns
News Media Matters
Daily: FAIR Blog
US Politics, Policy & 'Culture'
06.28 Donald Trump's campaign looks more like a con every day. The press should cover it accordingly
06.28 The Clinton Campaign Is Obstructing Change to the Democratic Platform
06.27 Fear, loathing and firearms: sensory overload inside the NRA's Mall of Death
06.27 Cracks deepen inside troubled marriage of Trump and Republican party
06.27 Decrying 'Jim Crow 2.0,' Advocates Demand Updated Voting Rights Before Election
06.27 Landmark Survey Finds Special Interests are Pouring Money into Local Elections
06.27 Betraying Progressives, DNC Platform Backs Fracking, TPP, and Israel Occupation
06.26 Mapping the Rise of Anti-LGBT Legislation on the First Anniversary of Nationwide Marriage Equality
06.26 Draft of Dems' policy positions reflects Sanders' influence
Justice Matters
06.28 Clinton hails Texas abortion decision a 'victory for women', Trump stays silent
06.24 Experts ask for new investigation into disappearance of 43 Mexican students
High Crimes?
Economics, Crony Capitalism
06.26 Coal Industry on the Brink in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Utah
06.28 Farc rebel leader: 'We repent everything, not just the war'
06.28 Kenya clamps down on journalists covering war on al-Shabaab
06.28 Family rifts over Brexit: 'I can barely look at my parents' [since the EU break-up–'said' by vote–won't actually occur for 2 years, why not have a make-up EU vote to reverse the horrible consequences?]
06.28 After a campaign scarred by bigotry, it's become OK to be racist in Britain
06.27 First ship sails through newly expanded Panama canal
06.27 Post-referendum chaos shows the inadequacy of our political class
06.27 $4 Indian smartphones 'will ship this week'
06.26 What's the British Equivalent of 'Moving to Canada'?
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Gonzales Questions Habeas CorpusIn one of the most chilling public statements ever made by a U.S. Attorney General, Alberto Gonzales questioned whether the U.S. Constitution grants habeas corpus rights of a fair trial to every American.
"There is no expressed grant of habeas in the Constitution; there's a prohibition against taking it away," Gonzales said.
Gonzales's remark left Specter, the committee's ranking Republican, stammering.
"Wait a minute," Specter interjected. "The Constitution says you can't take it away except in case of rebellion or invasion. Doesn't that mean you have the right of habeas corpus unless there's a rebellion or invasion?"
Gonzales continued, "The Constitution doesn't say every individual in the United States or citizen is hereby granted or assured the right of habeas corpus. It doesn't say that. It simply says the right shall not be suspended" except in cases of rebellion or invasion."
"You may be treading on your interdiction of violating common sense," Specter said.
While Gonzales's statement has a measure of quibbling precision to it, his logic is troubling because it would suggest that many other fundamental rights that Americans hold dear also don't exist because the Constitution often spells out those rights in the negative.
For instance, the First Amendment declares that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."
Applying Gonzales's reasoning, one could argue that the First Amendment doesn't explicitly say Americans have the right to worship as they choose, speak as they wish or assemble peacefully.Applying Gonzales's reasoning, one could argue that the First Amendment doesn't explicitly say Americans have the right to worship as they choose, speak as they wish or assemble peacefully. The amendment simply bars the government, i.e. Congress, from passing laws that would impinge on these rights.
Similarly, Article I, Section 9, of the Constitution states that "the privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it."
The clear meaning of the clause, as interpreted for more than two centuries, is that the Founders recognized the long-established English law principle of habeas corpus, which guarantees people the right of due process, such as formal charges and a fair trial.
That Attorney General Gonzales would express such an extraordinary opinion, doubting the constitutional protection of habeas corpus, suggests either a sophomoric mind or an unwillingness to respect this well-established right, one that the Founders considered so important that they embedded it in the original text of the Constitution.
Other cherished rights – including freedom of religion and speech – were added later in the first 10 amendments, known as the Bill of Rights.
Ironically, Gonzales may be wrong in another way about the lack of specificity in the Constitution's granting of habeas corpus rights. Many of the legal features attributed to habeas corpus are delineated in a positive way in the Sixth Amendment, which reads:
"In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed … and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; [and] to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses."
Bush's PowersGonzales's Jan. 18 statement suggests that he is still seeking reasons to make habeas corpus optional, subordinate to President George W. Bush's executive powers that Bush's neoconservative legal advisers claim are virtually unlimited during "a time of war," even one as vaguely defined as the "war on terror" which may last forever.
In the final weeks of the Republican-controlled Congress, the Bush administration pushed through the Military Commissions Act of 2006 that effectively eliminated habeas corpus for non-citizens, including legal resident aliens.
Under the new law, Bush can declare any non-citizen an "unlawful enemy combatant" and put the person into a system of military tribunals that give defendants only limited rights. Critics have called the tribunals "kangaroo courts" because the rules are heavily weighted in favor of the prosecution.
Some language in the new law also suggests that "any person," presumably including American citizens, could be swept up into indefinite detention if they are suspected of having aided and abetted terrorists.
"Any person is punishable as a principal under this chapter who commits an offense punishable by this chapter, or aids, abets, counsels, commands, or procures its commission," according to the law, passed by the Republican-controlled Congress in September and signed by Bush on Oct. 17, 2006.
Another provision in the law seems to target American citizens by stating that "any person subject to this chapter who, in breach of an allegiance or duty to the United States, knowingly and intentionally aids an enemy of the United States ... shall be punished as a military commission … may direct."
Who has "an allegiance or duty to the United States" if not an American citizen? That provision would not presumably apply to Osama bin Laden or al-Qaeda, nor would it apply generally to foreign citizens. This section of the law appears to be singling out American citizens.
Besides allowing "any person" to be swallowed up by Bush's system, the law prohibits detainees once inside from appealing to the traditional American courts until after prosecution and sentencing, which could translate into an indefinite imprisonment since there are no timetables for Bush's tribunal process to play out.
The law states that once a person is detained, "no court, justice, or judge shall have jurisdiction to hear or consider any claim or cause of action whatsoever … relating to the prosecution, trial, or judgment of a military commission under this chapter, including challenges to the lawfulness of procedures of military commissions."
That court-stripping provision – barring "any claim or cause of action whatsoever" – would seem to deny American citizens habeas corpus rights just as it does for non-citizens. If a person can't file a motion with a court, he can't assert any constitutional rights, including habeas corpus.
Other constitutional protections in the Bill of Rights – such as a speedy trial, the right to reasonable bail and the ban on "cruel and unusual punishment" – would seem to be beyond a detainee's reach as well.
Special RulesUnder the new law, the military judge "may close to the public all or a portion of the proceedings" if he deems that the evidence must be kept secret for national security reasons. Those concerns can be conveyed to the judge through ex parte – or one-sided – communications from the prosecutor or a government representative.
The judge also can exclude the accused from the trial if there are safety concerns or if the defendant is disruptive. Plus, the judge can admit evidence obtained through coercion if he determines it "possesses sufficient probative value" and "the interests of justice would best be served by admission of the statement into evidence."
The law permits, too, the introduction of secret evidence "while protecting from disclosure the sources, methods, or activities by which the United States acquired the evidence if the military judge finds that ... the evidence is reliable."
During trial, the prosecutor would have the additional right to assert a "national security privilege" that could stop "the examination of any witness," presumably by the defense if the questioning touched on any sensitive matter.
In effect, what the new law appears to do is to create a parallel "star chamber" system for the prosecution, imprisonment and possible execution of enemies of the state, whether those enemies are foreign or domestic.
Under the cloak of setting up military tribunals to try al-Qaeda suspects and other so-called "unlawful enemy combatants," Bush and the Republican-controlled Congress effectively created a parallel legal system for "any person" – American citizen or otherwise – who crosses some ill-defined line.Under the cloak of setting up military tribunals to try al-Qaeda suspects and other so-called "unlawful enemy combatants," Bush and the Republican-controlled Congress effectively created a parallel legal system for "any person" – American citizen or otherwise – who crosses some ill-defined line.
There are a multitude of reasons to think that Bush and advisers will interpret every legal ambiguity in the new law in their favor, thus granting Bush the broadest possible powers over people he identifies as enemies.
As further evidence of that, the American people now know that Attorney General Gonzales doesn't even believe that the Constitution grants them habeas corpus rights to a fair trial.
Robert Parry broke many of the Iran-Contra stories in the 1980s for the Associated Press and Newsweek. His latest book, Secrecy & Privilege: Rise of the Bush Dynasty from Watergate to Iraq, can be ordered at secrecyandprivilege.com. It's also available at Amazon.com, as is his 1999 book, Lost History: Contras, Cocaine, the Press & 'Project Truth.' This article is republished in the Baltimore Chronicle with permission of the author.
Note: Also read Deborah Kory's parody: How to Interpret the Ten Commandments -- An attempt at legal analysis of Biblical law following Gonzalesian logic.
Copyright © 2007 The Baltimore Chronicle. All rights reserved.
Republication or redistribution of Baltimore Chronicle content is expressly prohibited without their prior written consent.
This story was published on January 19, 2007.


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Kentucky Snow Day is a photograph by Darren Fisher which was uploaded on January 26th, 2014.
A beautiful old farm in Bardstown KY after getting some snow. I loved the colors that catch your eye against the snow and how about those beautiful... more
Kentucky Snow Day
Darren Fisher
Photograph - Photography/ Digital Art
A beautiful old farm in Bardstown KY after getting some snow. I loved the colors that catch your eye against the snow and how about those beautiful clouds and the blue peeking out from behind them? I used an HDR effect and then added a texture to give the image an aged look. Bardstown KY is know as the Bourbon capital but you see a lot of gorgeous farms too.
First settled in 1780, Bardstown is the second oldest city in Kentucky.[5] Named county seat of the newly created Nelson County, Virginia (now Kentucky) in 1784, the town was formally established in 1788, and was incorporated by the state assembly in 1838.[3]
Reflecting the westward migration of Americans after the Revolutionary War, Bardstown was the first center of Catholicism west of the Appalachian Mountains in the original territory of the United States.[6] The Diocese of Bardstown was established on February 8, 1808, to serve all Catholics between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River, an area now served by 44 dioceses and archdioceses in 10 states. Its cathedral is the Basilica of Saint Joseph Proto-Cathedral. The seat of the diocese was transferred to Louisville in 1841.[7] Bardstown has a Catholic high school, Bethlehem High School.
The Old Talbott Tavern, built in 1779 and located just off the Courthouse Square in the center of Bardstown, is part of the city's rich history. Several notable Americans passed through the tavern's doors, including Daniel Boone and Abraham Lincoln.[8] Bullet holes in an upstairs wall are reputed to have been shot by Jesse James.[9] People claim to have encountered ghosts or other paranormal activity at the tavern.
Bardstown is the site My Old Kentucky Home State Park. On their plantation, Judge John Rowan and his wife Ann Lytle Rowan built "Federal Hill," the mansion that is alleged to have inspired his cousin Stephen Foster to write the song "My Old Kentucky Home." Federal Hill is depicted on the reverse of the Kentucky state quarter issued by the United States
January 26th, 2014
Viewed 791 Times - Last Visitor from Beverly Hills, CA on 06/26/2016 at 3:58 AM
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Comments (62)
Beautiful. v/f
Fantastic winter scene!
Gorgeous image Darren lvf
Great photo and processing, Darren! L
Wow! What a colorful Winter scene. So much to see in this image. L/F
Nice to see some strong colours in this delightful winter landscape!
Wonderful winter capture! v
Great work!
revisit and this one of my favs of yours!!
Nicely done, beautiful scene!
Awesome! L
Wow! Very well done!
Great image!
Beautiful work. Love it. L/F
Oh fabulous! Love this! v
beautiful, v
Superb use of light combined with the nature's textures !!!
Great colors and the processing is perfect! L
Such an inviting farmhouse from the cold day!!! Very nice, Darren! L
Beautiful winter scene, Darren!! L
Very beautiful, Darren!
Great job Darren.... Even the birds are nice and sharp! L
This is beautiful!
This images makes me forget how much I hate cold weather! That farmhouse looks warm and inviting! :)) L/F
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text:
Suite Hotel S'Argamassa Palace, Ibiza Island
- Free buffet breakfast and WiFi
Main amenities
- 24 guestrooms
- Restaurant and pool bar
- Outdoor pool
- Rooftop terrace
- Fitness center
- Massage/treatment rooms
- Airport shuttle
- Childcare
- 24-hour front desk
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Garden
What's around
- In S'Argamassa
- Punta Arabi Hippy Market (1.1 mi / 1.8 km)
- Palacio de Congresos de Ibiza (1.8 mi / 2.9 km)
- Marina Santa Eulalia (2.1 mi / 3.3 km)
- Etnological Museum (2.3 mi / 3.8 km)
- Puig de Missa (2.4 mi / 3.9 km)
Suite Hotel S'Argamassa Palace, Ibiza Island
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $268
- Junior Suite
- Superior Suite
- Grand Suite
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 24 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 3 floors
- Check-in time starts at 2 PM
- Check-out time is noon
- Express check-in/out
Required at check in
- Credit card deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Children (16 years old and younger) stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding
- Babysitting/childcare *
- Pets not allowed (service dogs only)
Extra people
- Roll-away beds available, charges may apply*
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Airport shuttle (available on request) *
- No parking
- Free nearby parking
Nearby Four Star Ibiza Island hotels
In the hotel
- Free buffet breakfast
- Restaurant
- Poolside bar
- Room service (during limited hours)
- Barbeque grills
- Outdoor pool
- Children's pool
- Fitness facilities
- Spa treatment room(s)
- Spa tub
- Steam room
- Sauna
- 24-hour front desk
- Concierge services
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Limo or Town Car service available
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Hair salon
- Luggage storage
- Wedding services
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Elevator/lift
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Rooftop terrace
- Garden
- Television in common areas
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Minibar
- Bathrobes
- Slippers
- Iron/ironing board
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Sofa bed
- In-room massage available
- Separate dining area
- Separate sitting area
- Balcony
- Private bathroom
- Bathtub only
- Bidet
- Designer toiletries
- Hair dryer
- 26-inch LCD TV
- Satellite TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Kitchenette
- Cookware, dishware, and utensils
- Free bottled water
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
Top Ibiza Island hotels
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"Hotel isnt bad, its a good value. Close shops, bars, and restaurants near by. "Jun 17, 2016
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Special features
DiningSArgamassa - Overlooking the pool and garden, this restaurant specializes in Mediterranean cuisine and serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Guests can enjoy alfresco dining (weather permitting).
Snack Bar - This poolside bar serves light fare only.
On Site
- Fitness facilities
- Sauna
- Spa tub
- Steam room
- Bicycle rentals on site
- Helicopter/airplane tours on site
- Horse riding/rental on site
- Mountain biking on site
- Scooter/moped rentals on site
- Golfing nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Kayaking nearby
- Parasailing nearby
- Sailing nearby
- Scuba diving nearby
- Skydiving nearby
- Water skiing nearby
- Windsurfing nearby
Suite Hotel S'Argamassa Palace, Ibiza Island's small print
Also known as
- Hotel Suite S'Argamassa Palace
- Suite Hotel S'Argamassa Palace Ibiza/Santa Eulalia Del Rio
- S'Argamassa Palace
- S'Argamassa Palace Suite Hotel
- Suite Hotel S'Argamassa
- Suite Hotel S'Argamassa Palace
- Suite Hotel S'Argamassa Palace Santa Eulalia del Rio
- Suite S'Argamassa Palace
- Suite S'Argamassa Palace Hotel
- Suite S'Argamassa Palace Santa Eulalia del Rio
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2500, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
For transfers, guests must contact the property before arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Mandatory fees
Effective July 1, 2016 a seasonal tourism fee is imposed by the city and collected at the property, for a maximum of 8 nights. The tax ranges from EUR 0.55 to EUR 2.20 per person, per night. Children under 16 years of age will be exempt. This amount has been determined by the local administration. For more details, please contact the office using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking.
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for an additional charge
Babysitting/childcare is available for an extra charge
Airport shuttle service is offered for an extra charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.2 /5 from 15 reviews
We chose this hotel,to suit our 15 yearold Grandson,to accomadate all needs,Gym wi-fi etc,however reality once checked in,somewhat different,the Gym thats all it is in name,for example the treadmill once you increased the speed the belt started to slip or mis time,the multi resistance station all seized up,for the bike and multi walker do not use these anyhow,the Jaccuzzi not working,wi-fi worked well in the reception areas ,from the rooms very weak,arrived back Saturday afternoon,to our surprise our room door left wide open,to our relief nothing missing,reported to the hotel, who stated this never happened before,the standard of service of the suite only really happened after the 4th day of our stay,again by having to highlight the poor quality,the Towels that were supposed to be whitewere not and hard even the bath robes the same,the pool towels these were a taupe colour,not to mistake the difference,the only plus point I can be positive about is the air con for the room,conclusion for the money I have paid to stay, this not well spent the only beneficiary made a lot of money for poor return,We have stayed in Several 4 and 5 star hotels in Ibiza the service excellent even the staff more freindly at the past hotels.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 8, 1977
|Filing date
|Mar 5, 1975
|Priority date
|Mar 5, 1975
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Louis B. Feierabend, Otto R. Luhrs
|Original Assignee
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (14), Classifications (9)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an apparatus and method for manufacturing magnetic heads and, more particularly, to the formation of a surface thereon.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A magnetic head element is mounted in a housing which presents a surface area to magnetic media. The exact shape of this surface area has gained in importance with the development of extremely small batch-fabricated head elements expected to read or write very small signals at very high densities. The final contouring of the housing surface establishes both the element's throat height (which critically affects the element's magnetic efficiency) and the aerodynamic characteristics of the head housing. The latter characteristics are essential to separate the head and media, thus reducing wear, yet keep them close enough together so as to not unnecessarily reduce the magnetic and electrical interaction between the head and media.
Solutions to the throat height problems are addressed in Abbott et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,821,815, "Apparatus for Batch-Fabricating Magnetic Film Heads and Method Therefor", and L. A. Johnson et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,921,340, "Magnetic Head Surface Formation Apparatus and Method", both assigned to International Business Machines Corporation. This application is directed to the problem of forming a complex plural-radius contour on the surface of the head housing. In Abbott et al., a single radius may be formed by lapping the head surface with a loop of abrasive tape. The length of radius may be changed, identically for each point along the length of the head housing, by oscillating the housing against a grinding wheel under the control of an appropriately shaped cam. A more complex spherical surface contour is achieved in L. A. Johnson et al. by spinning the head continuously against a contoured abrasive wheel.
Recent head designs, such as shown in Freeman et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,821,813, "Wasp-Waist Head for Flying Flexible Magnetic Storage Medium Over Head", assigned to International Business Machines Corporation, require even more complex contours which must be repeatedly reproducible without variation from sample-to-sample. Further, development of advanced head designs makes it desirable to be able to reproduce head contours identical to previously produced contours except in specified variable parameters. It is also desirable to make the specification of contour parameters independent of other surface related head dimensions, such as throat height.
This invention controls the generation of a surface contour defined by longitudinal radii, each forming an arc lying along the length of the head's surface, and transverse radii forming a series of arcs at right angles to the length. For example, the surface contour may have the general shape of an hourglass derived from a spherical surface. The longitudinal radius is determined by the distance between the head surface and the center of a longitudinal rocking axis. For each incremental angle of longitudinal arc, a different transverse radius may be selected by changing the distance between a transverse rocking axis and the finished head surface. If the head surface is formed by contact with an abrasive means, the transverse radii are measured between the transverse rocking axis and the abrasive means surface, the head surface at all times during adjustment of longitudinal and transverse radii remaining in contact with the abrasive. A variable longitudinal radius may also be obtained by changing the head position relative to the longitudinal rocking axis at selected longitudinal arc angles.
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1A shows a magnetic head assembled and ready for surface contouring.
FIG. 1B shows the head of FIG. 1A following surface contouring.
FIG. 2A is a detailed drawing showing a mechanism for defining and forming the contours shown in FIG. 1C.
FIG. 2B shows auxiliary drive equipment necessary for the operation of the mechanism in FIG. 2A.
FIG. 3 is a logic diagram showing the controls for operating the machine of FIGS. 2A-2B.
FIG. 4 is a graph used in illustrating the operation of an apparatus incorporating the machine and controls of FIGS. 2A-2B and 3.
FIG. 1A shows the magnetic head of the type described in the referenced Freeman patent piror to contouring. The head 1 comprises an unfinished surface 2 which will be contoured to achieve a finished contour 3. The head includes, typically, pole pieces 4 and 5 forming a gap 6. A mount 7 holds housing sections 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d. The entire assembly is held together by appropriate bonding and potting materials. The winding 8e may be wound about portions of the housing sections 8a through 8b during the assembly process.
Referring to FIG. 1B, a fully contoured head is shown in order to explain the nomenclature defining the limits of the contour 3. As will be explained later, the contour is formed by placing the head surface in contact with a lap plate or other abrasive surface. The contact occurs at one point at a time to form the contour 3. The loci of point of contact between the head and the abrasive surface are shown by the lines scanned on the contour 3. The point is shown as starting at one end of the head 1 and progressing in a direction along dimension L in a scanning motion. The final contour 3 may be defined by a number of radii extending from a number of axes. The longitudinal radius RL is defind as the radius extending from a center line 10 fixed beneath the head surface and perpendicular to the length L of the head. The longitudinal radius RL defines an arc 9 on the contour surface 3. The longitudinal radius position may be changed for different angles of RL relative to a fixed RL ; RL is shown as a single length for illustration only. The contour is also defined by a plurality of transverse radii Rt1, Rt2, Rt3, etc. Each of these transverse radii Rt has an origin on a center line beneath the head contour 3 and parallel to the head length L. The length of the radii Rt changes for each position along the length L. Thus, for example, the radius Rt1 extends from a center line 12, the radius Rt2 extends from a center line 14 and the radius Rt3 extends from a center line 16. Each of the transverse radii defines an arc on the contour surface 3. For example, the radius Rt1 defines the arc 11, radius Rt2 defines the arc 13 and radius Rt3 defines the arc 15. As shown in FIG. 1B, it is possible to bring the contour 3 of the head 1 into contact with the lap plate 17 to generate the loci of points shown by moving either the head 1 or the lap plate 17 to give the desired relative motion. In the embodiment described herein, the former type of motion will be described; however, it should be understood that only relative motion is important and that the stationary and moving parts of the embodiment could be reversed.
The head 1 is shown mounted in an apparatus for contouring the head's surface in FIG. 2A. The head 1 is attached via its mounting section 7 to permit movement about a longitudinal rocking axis 10 and a transverse rocking axis 12, 14 or 16. As will be explained, the transverse rocking axes are infinitely variable, only three being described for illustration. The longitudinal rocking axis 10 swings the head through an arc defined by the radius RL as a result of the movement of a longitudinal motor 26 which drives a worm gear 25 and gear sector 27 attached to a longitudinal drive shaft 28. The longitudinal motor 26 thus generates an arc on the head 1 having a radius RL originating from the longitudinal rocking axis 10. The head 1 is maintained in contact with the lap plate 17 by means of a stepping motor, explained later with reference to FIG. 2B, which drives a lead screw 22 which in turn moves a backing plate 23 up and down in a dovetail groove or anti-friction slide relative to a base plate 21. The transverse radii Rt are generated by changing the relative spacing of the contact point between the surface of the head 1 and the lap plate relative to the transverse rocking axes 12, 14 and 16 centered on a repositionable transverse rocking shaft 20. Shaft 20 repositioning is achieved by moving the base plate 21 up or down while maintaining the head 1 in contact with the lap plate 17 via appropriate adjustment of the lead screw 22. If the base plate 21 is moved up, the shaft 20 and the transverse rocking axis also move up (for example, axis 12) and the radius Rt is lengthened. Conversely, if the base plate is moved down (for example, to axis 14), the radius Rt is shortened. During operation, the base plate 21 is moved to change the transverse rocking axis so that Rt is changed for different positions of the gear sector 27 to give a different Rt for each arc increment along the radius RL. Head contour to lap plate exposure is obtained by continuously rocking the transverse rocking shaft 20 from a cam follower 29 mounted on a transverse radius follower arm 30 as a cam 31 is rotated by a motor (not shown).
The subassembly of FIG. 2A is shown mounted in a complete contouring apparatus in FIG. 2B. The head 1 is shown across its length with the longitudinal rocking axis 10 perpendicular to FIG. 2B and the transverse rocking axes 12, 14 and 16 in the plane of the figure. A "Y" or "vertical" stepping motor 41 is shown connected to the lead screw 22 to maintain the head 1 in contact with the lap plate 17. A transverse cam motor 42 is shown connected to the cam 31 for driving the cam follower 29. A transverse radius stepping motor 40 drives a lead screw 44 connected to a support 45 for shaft 20 to move the base plate 21 up and down, which in turn adjusts the position of the transverse rocking axes 12, 14 and 16. It will be noted that the movement caused by te motor 40 also moves the longitudinal motor 26 and the vertical stepping motor 41, and the motion caused by the transverse cam motor 42 rocks longitudinal motor 26 and vertical motor 41. While the motors 40, 41, 42 and 26 can be of various designs, for illustration here, the transverse cam motor 42 is constantly rotating DC motor, whereas the longitudinal motor 26, the vertical stepping motor 41 and the stepping motor 40 are incremental steppers. Any motor that accurately tracks a displaceable distance could be substituted for the motors 40, 41 and 26. A lap drive motor 43 is provided to rotate the lap plate 17 via a pulley 50 and belt 51 passing over idlers 52. The lap plate mechanism is mounted on guide rods 53 and 54 to permt linear motion of the lap plate 17 during rotation so that different abrasive tracks are presented to the head 1 to give even lap plate 17 wear. If desired, this may be automatically obtained with a cam and idler connected to the motor 43 as shown. The entire mechanism for generating transverse radii comprising the stepping motor 40, transverse cam motor 42 and the base plate 21 is counterbalanced by a cable 46 threaded over idlers 47 and 48 to a counterweight 49. This mechanism could be replaced by an appropriate spring or other return mechanism.
The electronic controls for operating the motors 26, 40, 41, 42 and 43 will now be described with reference to FIG. 3. The transverse stepping motor 40 may be incrementally stepped up or down manually via OR circuits 130 and 131, and automatic stepping is supplied by inputs to the OR circuits as will be described. Similarly, the longitudinal stepping motor 26 is stepped right or left via corresponding OR circuits 126 and 127. The vertical stepping motor 41 is stepped up and down through OR circuits 151 and 152. The lap drive motor 43 is turned on by a signal on the line marked "on", and the transverse cam motor is turned on in a similar fashion. An oscillator 118 and clock and control 119 (including manual control inputs) are provided to properly cycle the logic necessary to drive the motors. The oscillator 118 operates at a frequency appropriate to the rate of operation of the motors, which, for illustrative purposes only, may be 8 KHz. The clock 119 will cycle through 15 clock periods T1 though T15 as the result of each 15 sequential pulses received from the oscillator 118.
The contouring machine is initially set to provide a defined contour by placing predetermined input data defining the limits of the contouring dimensions in switches 100 through 106. The actual positions of the motors are monitored by counters 107, 111, 114 and 116 which performs a registering function. A display is connected to counter 107, and others if desired, for monitoring, indicating purposes. The contents of the switches and counters are compared in comparators 109, 110, 112, 113, 115, 117, and 160. The results of the comparisons are supplied to logic comprising AND, OR, invert and flip-flop circuits to control the motors. The outputs of the comparator circuits are also used to supply some of the control information; for example, the transverse radius Rt may be changed for each step along the longitudinal direction of the head 1. This latter operation is assisted by providing a memory 108 which stores changes in transverse radius required for each step along the head direction L.
For a head having a length L, the center and end dimensions, defined as Lcenter, Lmax left and Lmax right, are entered into corresponding ones of switches 100, 101 and 102. Each time that the longitudinal stepping motor 26 is stepped right, in the direction of an increasing L dimension, the L counter and display 107 is increased +1. Each time that the longitudinal stepping motor 26 is stpped left one increment, the counter and display 107 is decremented -1. Thus, if the clock 119 was initially set to the vlaue of Lcenter switch 100, the counter and display 107 will thereafter indicate the angular position of the head 1 relative to the lapping plate 17. This information from the counter and display 107 is supplied to the comparators 112, 113 and 160 for comparison with the predetermined quantities entered into the switches 100, 101 and 102. Whenever the head has been stepped by the longitudinal stepping motor 26 to an end position Lmax left or Lmax right, the corresponding comparator 113 or 160 will indicate on the appropriate comparator output line that a limit has been reached. These outputs are supplied to reverse the longitudinal stepping motor 26 and to adjust the transverse radius stepping motor 40. The output of the counter and display 107 is also supplied to the address input of the memory 108 which has been previously loaded with a table relating possible counter and display 107 quantities with desired changes in transverse radius. Therefore, for each address supplied to the memory 108, data will be supplied to data out lines connected to comparators 109 and 110 as an alternative to supplying information via switches 103 and 104. The information from the memory 108 is compared in the comparators 109 and 110 with the current position of the transverse stepping motor 40 to ultimately control the stepping of the longitudinal stepping motor 26. The transverse stepping motor 40 is stepped up if an Allow Rt signal appears at inputs to AND circuits 128 and 129 at time t8 if flip-flop 120 output "0" is up. It is stepped down if an input occurs at time t1 and flip-flop 120 output "1" is up. The Allow Rt signals increment the counter 111 +1 at time t9 via AND circuit 159. When the comparators 109 or 110 indicate that the contents of the counter 111 equals the value supplied to either comparator 109 or 110 by the memory 108, the corresponding one of the equality outputs of the comparatos 109 and 110 is supplied to AND circuits 143 and 144 to enable the longitudinal stepping motor 26 to advance in either the right or the left position. The value supplied by the memory 108 to the comparator 109 indicates the change in transverse radius for each longitudinal step left of the value placed in the switch 101. The value supplied to the compartor 110 indicates the change in transverse radius for longitudinal steps to the right of the quantity stored in the switch 101.
Each change in radius dictated by the memory 108, or, if desired, by quantities set in the switches 103 and 104, must be compensated for by changing a vertical stepping motor 4 to maintain contact between the surface of the head 1 and the lap wheel 17. However, abrasion will not occur unless the stepping motor 41 feeds the head 1 into the lap wheel 17. Thus, there must be an increment of change between the change in the transverse radius and the amount of compensation provided by the vertical stepping motor 41. The exact amount of this change is specified by the quantity set in the switches 105. The stepping motor 41 is permitted to advance, at the maximum left and maximum right extremes indicated by a signal from OR circuit 146, if the contents in the switch 105 and the counter 116 are not equal. However, whenever the comparator 117 indicates an equality, a signal emerges from the AND circuit 157 at time t13, to prohibit further advance of the stepping motor 41. Also, a maximum quantity of penetration by the stepping motor 41 is specified in a switch 106. The actual position of the stepping motor 41 is indicated by the contents of the counter 114 which is incremented whenever the stepping motor 41 is driven downward toward the lap wheel 17 and which is decremented -1 whenever the stepping motor 41 is lifted from the lap wheel 17 by an "up" signal. When the penetration indicated in the counter 114 equals the maximum allowed as indicated by the switch 106, there will be an equality signal from the comparator 115 through the AND circuit 157 at time t13 stopping further stepping of the motor 41.
There are provided a number of flip-flops for controlling the direction of the motors. The flip-flop 120 controls the direction of the transverse stepping motor 40. When the transverse radius is to be decreased, the flip-flop 120 is in the 0 state, enabling AND circuit 128 which will, at time t8, cause stepping motor 40 to step upward one step if there is no signal into the inverter 170. That is, the motor 40 is blocked from stepping if there is an external stop signal, a signal indicating that no transverse radius is to be used, or if the vertical stepping motor 41 is currently advancing. If the transverse radius is to be lengthened or increased the flip-flop 120 is in the 1 state activating an output from AND circuit 129 at time t1 to drive the transverse stepping motor 40 down. Again, AND circuit 129 will operate only if the inverter circuit 170 is not receiving the Stop, No Rt, or Advance Y signals. Stepping of the longitudinal motor 26 is controlled by flip-flops 121 and 122 to move the point of head-lap wheel contact on an arc lying in the direction of dimension L in FIG. 1B. When the flip-flop 121 is set to the 1 state, the AND circuits 124 and 125 are enabled to pass a signal from the flip-flop 122 indicating the direction in which the stepping motor is to step at time t10. When the flip-flop 122 is in the 0 state, the stepping motor is stepped right one increment, and when it is in the 1 state, it is stepped left one increment. The advance of the vertical stepping motor 41 in a downward direction is controlled by the flip-flop 123. At the time t1, when the flip-flop 123 is not in the 1 state, the AND circuit 150 will have an output from the inverter circuit 170 and the OR circuit 152 will have an output from the AND circuit 154 to step the motor 41 down one increment. The stepping motor 41 is stepped up at time t8 whenever the flip-flop 120 increments the stepping motor 40 and is also stepped down whenever the flip-flop 120 decrements the stepping motor 40. Thus, the stepping motor 41 moves in the opposite direction from the stepping motor 40 and is also stepped down in accordance with signals from the flip-flop 123.
The flip-flops 120 through 123 are controlled by the comparators via logic to be described. The flip-flop 120, which determines the direction that the stepping motor 40 is stepped, is set to the 1 state at time t12 by OR circuit 145 if the AND circuit 132 indicates that the current longitudinal position of the stepping motor 26, as indicated by the counter and display 107, equals the center longitudinal positon set in the switch 100. This occurs as a signal from the comparator 112 equality output. Similarly, at time t12, the flip-flop 120 will be reset by a signal from OR circuit 146 whenever the AND circuit 133 indicates that the leftmost position of the longitudinal stepping motor 26 has been reached or the AND circuit 134 indicates that the rightmost position has been reached. The flip-flop 121, which allows an additional longitudinal step of the motor 26, is regularly reset at time t11. The flip-flop 121 is set to the 1 state by a signal from OR circuit 147 when a signal occurs at time t10 from either AND circuit 143 or 144. This occurs when the change in transverse radius per longitudinal step equals that specified by either the memory 108 or by one of the switches 103 or 104 as long as the comparator 112 indicates that the operation is occurring between the center of the distance L and one of the specified end limits in the switches 101 and 102. That is, the operation must change if the center line indicated by the quantity in the switch 100 is crossed.
If the comparator 112 indicates that the quantity in the counter and display 107 is less than the switch setting 100, an output from the comparator 112 on the "less than" output line is supplied to AND circuit 135 and inverter 140. As a result, AND circuit 135 will have an output if the flip-flop 121 indicates that the stepping motor is going right, supplying an enabling input to AND circuit 143 via an OR circuit 141 to set flip-flop 121 to allow further increments to be taken. The input to the inverter 140 blocks the AND circuit 138 which would normally supply a signal via the OR circuit 142, when the stepping motor is going right, to set the flip-flop 121 to the 1 state. When the comparator 112 has a "more than" output as a result of the counter and display 107 quantity being larger than the quantity set in the switch 100, there will be a signal applied to the AND circuit 137 and to the inverter 139. When the flip-flop 122 indicates that the stepping motor 26 is going left, there will be an output from the AND circuit 137 through the OR circuit 142 to enable the AND circuit 144 to set the flip-flop 121 to the 1 state to permit further longitudinal steps to be taken. The input to the inverter 139 blocks the AND circuit 136 which would normally have permitted the flip-flop 121 be set to the 1 state, when the comparator 109 output occurs. The flip-flop 123 which controls the advance of the vertical stepping motor 41 is normally set to the 1 state by the presence of an indication from OR circuit 146 that the head is in a maximum left or right position as indicated by the switches 101 or 102. This will allow motor 41 to move down the number of steps set into switch 105. At other times, when the flip-flop 123 is in the 0 state, the vertical stepping motor 41 may be stepped normally at times t1 and t8 as indicated by enabling signals to AND circuits 149 and 150. The flip-flop 123 is placed in the 0 state by an indication from the comparator 117 that the amount of downfeed desired as indicated in the switch 105 equals the actual change in the vertical stepping motor 41 as indicated in the counter 116. The flip-flop 123 is also reset by an input to the OR circuit 156 from the comparator 115 specifying that the maximum penetration permitted by the switches 106 has been achieved as indicated by the counter 114.
The operation of the invention will now be described with particular reference to the diagram of FIG. 4. The length of the arc L, defined by the dimension L, of the head 1 extends a distance of 10� in each direction from the position of the gap 6. The longitudinal motor 26 steps the head in the direction L an incremental distance of 0.01875� per step. For each of these steps, a different transverse radius is defined. The minimum transverse radius occurs at Lcenter which is -1.5� or 80 steps to the left of the head gap. The maximum right side transverse radius occurs at 6� or 7.5� (400 steps) from the minimum transverse radius point. The left side maximum transverse radius occurs at a point which is defined as -8.5� or 7� (373 steps) to the left of the minimum radius point. Connecting these three ponts together, as shown in FIG. 4, will given an indication of the amount of transverse radius adjustment and vertical penetration required by the motors 40 and 41.
The center maximum left and maximum right switches 100 through 102 are first set in accordance with the diagram of the desired head contour given in FIG. 4. The point of minimum transverse radius is defined as the Lcenter position for switch 100. This point of minimum transverse radius is 1.5� to the left of the head gap. Therefore, the longitudinal motor 26 must be stepped 80 times to the left to reach this position. This is derived by dividing the distance 1.5� by the incremental stepping of 0.01875 per step of the motor 26. Since the head gap is at the position 0 which, may arbitrarily be defined as 1,000, this number is entered into the switch 100. Then, upon the occurrence of an initial set signal from clock 119, the number is also entered into the counter 107. The quantity 1,000 is arbitrarily chosen as the head gap position by the stepping of the motor 26. The maximum left switch setting 101 and the maximum right setting 102 can be derived by similar techniques. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the right limit of the head is 7.5� from the minimum transverse radius point. Since the longitudinal motor 26 moves 0.01875� per step, it will take 400 steps to the right to move the right end of the head into contact with the lap plate 17. If the 400 steps are added to the arbitrary center positon 1,000, then the quantity 1,400 should be set into the maximum right switches 102. Similarly, 373 steps are subtracted from the center position of 1,000 to give a quantity 627 to be set into the maximum left position switches 101. These two settings will cause the longitudinal motor 26 to swing the head from end to end. If at any time the longitudinal position indicated in the counter 107 exceeds either the maximum left position indicated in the switches 101 or the maximum right position indicated in the switches 102, an error condition exists which would stop the machine or otherwise indicate that a problem has occurred.
Next, the radius change per longitudinal step of the motor 26 is determined and set into the switches 103 and 104. Alternatively, a table could be entered via the data-in-bus in the memory 108. In FIG. 4, the minimum transverse radius is 0.35 inch and the transverse radius at the right side of the head is 0.60 inch. The radius change from the minimum to the right side of the head is, therefore, 0.25 inch. Since each step of the transverse radius stepping motor 40 changes the radius by 12.5 microinches, 20,000 steps are required to go from a radius of 0.35 to 0.60 inch. This is arrived at by dividing the radius change 0.25 inch by the change in radius 12.5 microinches per step. Previously, it was determined that 400 steps of longitudinal motion by the motor 26 were required to move from the minimum transverse radius point to the right edge of the head. Therefore, it follows that 50 transverse radius change steps are required for each longitudinal step. Therefore, the number 50 is set into the switches 104. Similarly, the number 32 is calculated and placed into the switches 103. Some rounding off is involved in this calculation because 373 longitudinal steps to the left with 32 radius changes per longitudinal step to the left results in 11,936 radius steps, whereas 12,000 should actually be taken. This is an error of approximately 0.8 mils.
Also, the setting of maximum left and right switches 101 and 102 cause the longitudinal stepping motor 26 to reverse motion exactly at the end of the head 1. This reversal should desirably take place when the head is not in contact with the lap plate 17. Therefore, more longitudinal steps should be taken in each direction so that some overtravel occurs before the reversal and lowering of the head takes place. Arbitrarily, 1� (approximately 53 steps) should occur past the ends of each head. It is, therefore, advisable to add 53 to the maximum right switches 102 and substract 53 from the maximum left switches 101.
The downfeed or maximum vertical direction switch 105 indicates the amount of change in the stepping motor 41 in a downward direction after each complete pass of the head 1 in the longitudinal direction L over the surface of the lap plate 17. The amount of downfeed is determined by the material of the head 1 and the lap plate 17. As an example, for a ferrite head and a lap plate containing diamond or boron-carbide abrasive the quantity 12.5 microinches may be inserted in the switch 105 to indicate that the stepping motor 41 is advanced 12.5 microinches downward at the end of each complete longitudinal sweep of the stepping motor 26. The maximum penetration allowed is entered in the switches 106. When the maximum penetration indicated by the counter and display 114 equals the maximum penetration allowed as indicated in the switches 106, all operations stop and the head is removed from contact with the rotating lap plate. Since the left and right ends of the head usually will have a larger transverse radius than the middle of the head, the position of the vertical stepping motor 41 will be greatest when the transverse radius is the largest.
As shown in FIG. 4, the right side has the largest radius requiring 22,650 penetration steps of the motor 41 to get the maximum right position. This is arrived at by multiplying 453 longitudinal steps of the motor 41 times 50 radius changes per longitudinal step as set into the switches 104. If it is desired to remove a fixed amount of material from the head, for example 2,000 microinches, the quantity 22,810 is set into the switches 106. This is arrived at by dividing the material to be removed, 2,000 microinches, by the amount of material, 12.5 microinches, to be removed per longitudinal sweep. The quantity 22,650 is added to 160 to arrive at 22,810. This example assumes that the minimum transverse radius point is tangent to and in contact with the lap plate 17 at the start of operations.
Once the switches have been set up and the head 1 is placed in the work holder preparatory to starting contouring of the surface 3, a reset signal resets all the flip-flops 120 through 123 and a clear signal sets the counter 107 to the value of switches 100. An initial set signal sets the flip-flop 120 and resets the flip-flop 122. The oscillator 118 drives the clock 119 through the sequential steps t1 through t15. The lap drive motor 43 is turned on, the transverse cam motor 42 is turned on and contouring commences. At times t1, signals enable AND circuits 150 and 154 to permit downward stepping of the vertical stepping motor 41 and the stepping motor 40 to change the transverse radius. At times t8, the transverse radius is changed by stepping the motor 40 upward via AND circuit 128 and a compensating adjustment of the vertical stepping motor 41 is made via AND circuit 149. At times t10, the longitudinal stepping motor 26 is incremented in either the left or the right direction, and at times t11, the flip-flop 121 is reset preparatory to the next increment of the stepping motor 26 at the next time t10. At each time t12, the flip-flop 120 is enabled for permitting a change in the stepping motor 40 via AND circuits 132, 133 and 134. The longitudinal stepping motor 26 continues to move the head relative to the lapping plate one increment at a time, which increment is determined by the worm gear 25. For each increment of motion, the transverse cam motor 42 causes the head to move in a direction perpendicular to the lap plate at least once. The radius of motion Rt is determined by the position of the stepping motor 40 and the compensating motion of the stepping motor 41. The difference between the motions of the stepping motors 40 and 41, as determined by the quantity stored in the switches 105, determines the degree of penetration during each cutting motion. The quantity stored in the switches 105 is used to adjust the difference between the motors 40 and 41 whenever the left or the right end of the head 1 is reached as indicated by an equality signal from one of the comparators 113 and 160. The amount of adjustment of the stepping motor 40, and therefore the compensating adjustment of the stepping motor 41, is determined by the quantity supplied to the comparators 109 and 110 by either the switches 103 and 104 or the memory 108. The position of the head relative to a center position indicated by switches 100, determines whether the output of comparator 109 or comparator 110 is used to control stepping of the motors 40 and 41. When the total motion of the vertical stepping motor 41 equals the predetermined amount set in the switches 105, an equality indication from the comparator 115 terminates operation.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
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|Sep 27, 1898
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|Macbeth Evans Glass Co
|Glass-grinding apparatus.
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|Tool grinding fixture
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|May 2, 1961
|Micromatic Hone Corp
|Spherical grinding machine and method
|May 24, 1960
|May 2, 1961
|Lunetiers Cottet Poichet Soc D
|Cutting machine, in particular for spheroidal or toroidal surfaces
|Apr 26, 1971
|Oct 24, 1972
|Cincinnati Milacron Inc
|Adaptive control for a grinding machine
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 16, 1987
|Jun 20, 1989
|Fujisu Limited
|Polishing machine for ferrule of optical fiber connector
|Aug 7, 1989
|Apr 28, 1992
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Method of fabricating article having aspheric figure and tool for use in carrying out the method
|Dec 16, 1994
|Feb 18, 1997
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Lapping process for minimizing shorts and element recession at magnetic head air bearing surface
|Jun 7, 1995
|Apr 7, 1998
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Lapping process for minimizing shorts and element recession at magnetic head air bearing surface
|Jul 1, 1996
|May 12, 1998
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Lapping process using micro-advancement for optimizing flatness of a magnetic head air bearing surface
|Aug 11, 1998
|Jun 27, 2000
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Apparatus and method for achieving positive crown during ABS lap
|Nov 16, 1999
|May 29, 2001
|Alps Electric Co., Ltd.
|Sizing lapping apparatus
|Dec 11, 2000
|May 20, 2003
|Tdk Corporation
|Polishing apparatus for magnetic head and method therefor
|Sep 30, 2003
|Jul 5, 2005
|Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V.
|System and apparatus for achieving very high crown-to-camber ratios on magnetic sliders
|Sep 30, 2003
|Sep 13, 2005
|Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V.
|Method of achieving very high crown-to-camber ratios on magnetic sliders
|Feb 21, 2006
|Aug 7, 2007
|The Board Of Regents For Oklahoma State University
|Method and apparatus for magnetic float polishing
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|Mar 31, 2005
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|Method of achieving very high crown-to-camber ratios on magnetic sliders
|Sep 30, 2003
|Mar 31, 2005
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|Mar 15, 1999
|Sep 23, 1999
|Board Of Regents For Oklahoma State University
|Large batch magnetic float polishing equipment
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
Carol K. LanierFebruary 07,2014Carol K. Lanier
RUTLAND TOWN Carol K. Lanier, 63, daughter of Angela Combes, died Thursday, Feb. 6, 2014, at her home.
A complete obituary will be published in a future edition of the Rutland Herald.
Arrangements are under the direction of Tossing Funeral Home.MORE IN ObituariesBernard E. Full StoryCecil Waldo
CHESTER Cecil Waldo, 85, died Tuesday, June 14, at Springfield Health and... Full StoryMatthew Danziger
ARDMORE, Pa. Full Story
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text:
Rough Guys - Scene 4
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DVD Title Rough Guys
Category BDSM / Bondage
Added August 26, 2014
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Duration 19m, 52s
Tags Anal Sex, Ass To Mouth, Blowjobs, Cum Swallowing, Spanking
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Vlada and Erik were looking to spice things up a bit in the bedroom, and didn't know where to look. One of their friends sent them to a leather store, and told them to ask for any specialty products they might have. The shop keep took them into the back room, and they found a whole new world of kinky fetish fun to explore together! Neck harnesses, and studded arm bands were just the start for these two macho men! Masks, chest harnesses and the thick smell of leather now adorn their room like conquest trophies!
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- Scene 3 - Horny Gay Studs Dress Up In Leather For No Lube Anal Fuck
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text:
The Rajah's Cycle Toon Hula attraction, positively considered to be the best ethereal attraction at Disneyland
The Rajah's Cycle Toon Hula entrance is like a journey into Toontown. The attraction cycles are built like Benny the Can, and as you drive you can hula them by fighting the tubs.
Avoid Princess Mode
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