text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 13, 1984
|Filing date
|Sep 14, 1981
|Priority date
|Sep 14, 1981
|Fee status
|Publication number
|A. Paul Schaap, George E. Busch, Robert L. Nolen, Jr.
|Original Assignee
|Kms Fusion, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (31), Classifications (12), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to gaseous electronically excited molecular oxygen, termed singlet oxygen in the art, and more particularly to storage and retrieval thereof from a solid phase. Yet more particularly, the invention relates to solid endoperoxide dispersions which, upon activation, yield singlet oxygen; to methods of making such dispersions; to endoperoxide polymers useable in such dispersions; and to precursor polymers for these endoperoxide polymers.
Singlet oxygen had heretofore been studied intensively. See, for example, "Singlet Molecular Oxygen" edited by A. P. Schaap, (Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross), 1976; and "International Conference on Singlet Molecular Oxygen and Its Role in Environmental Sciences," Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 171, Act. I, pages 1-302 (1970).
In addition to use in scientific or research-related fields, singlet oxygen has been proposed for a number of applications. For example, singlet oxygen chemically pumps iodine gas lasers. Applications of the latter and other types, however, require substantial volumes and concentrations of singlet oxygen.
Convenient and efficient production of singlet oxygen has yet to be accomplished in the art. Although certain solvent based reactions generate significant amounts of singlet oxygen, such processes possess a number of inherent limitations. The liquid solvent, as well as cryogenic traps and the like for removal of coincidentally produced impurities, tend to quench the singlet oxygen as the latter is produced and consequently limit efficiency of these generators. Moreover, since the by-products of these solvent based reactions are not regenerated into the initial reactants, the utility of these systems is further compromised. Furthermore, use of the aforementioned solvent based reactions can be harardous and require massive apparatus.
It has been recognized that irradiation of gaseous ground state oxygen with laser, microwave or other electromagnetic radiation converts ground state oxygen to singlet oxygen. But these techniques do not store singlet oxygen and, moreover, do not generate singlet oxygen in desired quantities and at sufficient rates.
Solid phase generators containing temporarily bound singlet oxygen avoid certain of these problems of quenching, bulky apparatus and storage discussed above. Murray et al, "Singlet Oxygen Sources in Ozone Chemistry, Chemical Oxygenations Using Adducts Between Phosphite Esters and Ozone", J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 91 (19), 5358-64 (1961) suggests that singlet oxygen can be generated directly into the gas phase from solid phosphite ester and ozone adduct dispersions. But the phosphite ester and ozone adducts are not regenerable and require extremely low temperatures for storage.
A general object of the present invention is to provide a method of storing singlet oxygen generated by one or more conventional low-efficiency sources for subsequent retrieval in desired quantities. Another and related object of the invention is to provide a method of retrieving the oxygen so stored.
A further and yet more specific object of the invention is to provide a method of storing singlet oxygen in solid phase, and a method of releasing singlet oxygen so stored. A related object is to provide a solid phase precursor or acceptor which may be caused chemically to trap and store singlet oxygen from other sources, and to release such stored oxygen on demand, with the solid phase acceptor being recyclable for subsequent trapping and storing of singlet oxygen as previously described.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing the above-described acceptor substrate.
Still another object of the invention is provide a method for continuous production of singlet oxygen in quantity without intermediate storage thereof.
Briefly stated, the singlet oxygen generators of this invention comprise solid phase recyclable endoperoxides. These endoperoxides may be thermally or otherwise decomposed to release singlet oxygen; they may then be regenerated by a subsequent reoxidation process. The oxidizable precursor (i.e. the "acceptor") to the endoperoxide selectively comprises a fused ring organic compound which may be caused to react with singlet oxygen, so that the acceptor may be utilized chemically to trap and concentrate singlet oxygen from a variety of low efficiency sources.
Oxidation of the acceptor may in accordance with the invention be triggered using solar radiation. A variety of select sensitizers, activated at differing solar wavelengths, can convert ground state oxygen to singlet oxygen that oxidizes the acceptor. Thus, the present invention may provide a means for long term storage of solar energy and furthermore gives rise to the promise of solar powered chemically pumped lasers.
The present invention contemplates (for lasers or other such applications) a singlet oxygen generator which comprises a container or the like for enclosing a subatmospheric environment and a dispersion of solid endoperoxide in the container. The endoperoxide includes a number of fused rings, with one of the rings being aromatic. An aliphatic and adjacently fused second ring has an oxygen-oxygen group that bridges across non-adjacent carbons. The solid endoperoxide dispersion provides a plurality of molecular oxygen diffusable passages that lead from an interior portion of the dispersion and open at the surface thereof so as to communicate with the surrounding subatmospheric environment. For release of the stored oxygen, means are provided for decomposing the endoperoxide to provide singlet oxygen as a product thereof in subatmospheric environment.
In other applications, the dispersion may be employed to generate singlet oxygen in the presence of a liquid. In these latter embodiments, the solid endoperoxide is suspended in a liquid reaction medium with oxidizable substrate.
The solid phase generator of the present invention may take several forms. The dispersion may comprise one or more porous polymer beads, with the fused rings being pendant from the backbone of the polymer. The dispersion may comprise hollow silica glass bubbles individually coated on the exterior with endoperoxide. The dispersion may comprise a plurality of concentric thermally conductive tubes individually coated on the interior and exterior with the endoperoxide. Still further, the dispersion may comprise a porous ceramic body with endoperoxide coated thereon. The endoperoxide preferably includes fused rings in which the aforesaid second ring is substituted aliphatically at the non-adjacent carbon atoms so bridged by the oxygen-oxygen group. The means to decompose the endoperoxide may comprise suitable means to heat the dispersion to temperatures between, for example, 25�-180� C. Other suitable decomposition means may be utilized.
In still another aspect of this invention, singlet oxygen is produced continuously from ground state oxygen by exposure of a mass of the latter to dye sensitizer excited by electromagnetic radiation and in relative movement with the mass.
The acceptor of this invention oxidizes to form a stable oxygen-containing compound which, in turn, decomposes to yield singlet oxygen while advantageously regenerating the acceptor. Aromatics which oxidize to form stable endoperoxides desirably serve as acceptors.
Aromatic benzoid compounds (i.e. compounds having a six member aromatic carbon ring) with substitution that donates electrons to the ring may serve as acceptors. Among these aromatic acceptors are fused ring aromatics that oxidize to form solid endoperoxides having a first ring which is aromatic and an aliphatic and adjacently fused second ring with an oxygen-oxygen group bridging across non-adjacent carbons thereof. Among these fused ring commpounds are acceptors of the formula: ##STR1## which oxidize to endoperoxides of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R2 -R8 are independently hydrogen or have 1 to 8 carbons, and R1 and R4 each have at least one carbon. Compounds of I with additional fused rings (e.g. when R2 and R3 are part of another aromatic ring such as in anthracenes and napthacenes, or when R3 and R4 are part of another aromatic ring such as in phenanthrenes), provide suitable acceptors, as do compounds in which any of the R's individually comprise an aromatic ring. Naphthanlenes of I, however, are readily available and manipulable for purposes of the invention, and for these reasons are presently preferred.
Acceptors of I in which R1 and R4 link to the ring through apiphatic carbon provide endoperoxides with desirable stability. Acceptors of I in which R5 -R8 are independently lower alkyl modify temperatures at which the endoperoxides II give off singlet oxygen.
Suitable acceptors includes 1,4 dialkyl naphthalenes such as 1,4 butyl naphthalenes; 1,4 alkylaryl naphthalenes such as 1,4 -propyl phenyl naphthalene; 1,4 substituted hydrocarbyl naphthalenes such as 1,4 ethyl chlorophenyl naphthalene; and anthracenes such as 9,10 dimethylanthracenes.
In one embodiment, an acceptor of I is prepared by reaction of a fused ring compound of formula I but wherein one of the R's (preferably R1) has a reactive moiety. This reactive moiety reacts with a complementary reactive moiety of a solid polymer. The complementarily reactive moiety pends from the backbone of the polymer. For example, compounds of the following formula may serve as acceptors of this embodiment ##STR3## wherein R1 is a divalent linking group of at least one carbon, P is a porous solid polymer carrying R1 pendant from its backbone, X is the number of linkable sites linked to R1 's on the backbone of P, and R2 -R8 are as above. Preferably R4 is an alkyl of about 1 to 8 carbons. R1 of III is exemplified by groups having an ester or ether moiety with up to about 10 carbons. P is exemplified by porous solid divinylbenzene-styrene copolymers, especially divinylbenzene-styrene copolymers in which the units derived from divinylbenzene account for less than about 25%, e.g. 1%, of the copolymer.
The reaction of solid polymer P with a fused ring compound both having a complementary reactive substituent occurs such that the fused ring compound becomes linked at the surface of the solid polymer. Exemplary linking reactions include addition and condensation reactions such as etherification, amidation, acylation and alkylation.
The polymer III oxidizes in accordance with this invention to an endoperoxide polymer of the formula: ##STR4## where P, X and R1 -R8 are as above. Advantageously, polymer IV may be in the form of one or more porous polymer beads. To generate singlet oxygen, the beads are heated (e.g. at 25� to 180� C.) in a vacuum or in the presence of a buffer gas for gas phase production, or heated in a suitable solvent for use in liquid applications. Singlet oxygen in either case issues from the surface of the beads.
In other embodiments, the endoperoxide of II may be monomeric (e.g. R1 has between about 1 to 8 carbons) and deposited on a porous solid. For example, a monomeric endoperoxide of II may be dissolved or suspended in a suitable liquid carried and deposited upon small (e.g. 50-100 microndiameter) hollow silica or silica-glass bubbles or microspheres. The bubbles are heated to release singlet oxygen. Alternatively, an endoperoxide of II is deposited on parallel thermally conductive tubes of glass or metal for example. The tubes may be interconnected by thermally conductive struts which space and support the tubes internally. One end or both ends of the tubes open to a vacuum which, as the tubes are heated, receives singlet oxygen. Still further, the endoperoxide may be deposited on a porous ceramic. When the ceramic is heated, singlet oxygen is released from the ceramic to its surrounding environment.
Endoperoxides of II may be made from the aforementioned acceptors of I in any suitable manner. Moreover, rather than physically depositing a endoperoxide on a porous substrate, the acceptor may first be deposited on a porous substrate and then suitably oxidized.
Any suitable oxidation technique may be used to make endoperoxides of this invention. Acceptors of I may be exposed to singlet oxygen generated from sources such as: (1) admixtures of chlorine gas and hydrogen peroxide; (2) electromagnetic energy from mercury or sodium lamps, lasers, microwave generators or the sun (optionally in presence of dye sensitizers such as Rose Bengal, methylene blue, fluorescin, eosin Y and the like) acting on ground state oxygen; and/or (3) solid adducts such as phosphite esters and ozone. Advantageously, these sources may be used in combination to effect more expeditious oxidation.
The reaction of the acceptor with singlet oxygen may be in the presence or absence of liquid reaction media. When liquid reaction media is used to suspend the acceptor, singlet oxygen may be generated in situ or bubbled through the media. Dye sensitizers may be used to enhance oxidation in the presence or absence of liquid reaction media. When the electromagnetic radiation is used to excite the sensitizers, it will normally have a wavelength in the range of 300 to 800 nm.
A particularly desirable oxidation technique utilizes solar energy. The acceptor is exposed to ground state oxygen in the presence of dye sensitizers such as noted above. The dye sensitizers are selected so that the reaction media absorbs via the sensitizers a range of solar energy wavelengths. Thus, the oxidation takes place with little need for auxiliary energy input.
In one application of this technique, singlet oxygen is stored in endoperoxide form for later regeneration upon demand. Oxygen is admitted to a mixed bed of acceptor and dye sensitizers bathed in ground state oxygen while being exposed to solar radiation. The dye sensitizers accept a wide range of radiation wavelengths and transmit radiation energy to the oxygen. The oxygen, so excited to singlet oxygen, oxidizes the acceptor in the bed.
Advantageously, if storage of singlet oxygen is not desired, the acceptor may be omitted and a continuous stream of singlet oxygen formed by irradiation of the dye sensitizers with solar or other electromagnetic radiation in the presence of a stream of ground state oxygen. The dye sensitizers are dispersed in a vacuum by deposition on solid phase substrates, as described above, so that the oxygen can contact them while they are excited electronically by electromagnetic radiation of appropriate wavelength.
To a mixture of 9.9 gm paraformaldehyde, 23 ml glacial acetic acid and 32 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid heated at 40� C. were added 0.15 grams hydrophosphoric acid and 25 gm naphthalene. This mixture was heated to 85� to 88� C. for eight hours, at which time TLC indicated complete reaction. The product was washed with water, and extracted with dichloromethane. The dichlormethane product was washed again with a saturated solution of sodium chloride, followed by neutralization with sodium bicarbonate. The dichloromethane layer was dried with magnesium sulfate. The resulting yellow oil was vacuum distilled to yield the product of example A as a white solid.
A sodium ethozide solution was made by dissolving 0.27 mg sodium in 10 ml absolute ethyl alcohol. To this solution, 0.84 grams ethyl malonate were added dropwise. To the clear solution was added 1 gm of the white solid of example A. The suspension was refluxed until TLC indicated a complete reaction. After the ethanol was removed, the residue was extracted and washed to leave the substituted malonate as a yellowish oil.
To a solution of 20 ml dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.5 gm water were added 0.25 gm potassium chloride and 1 gram of the product of example B. The solution was stirred under argon at 160� C. until TLC taken 24 hours later indicated completion. Extraction with water and ether, followed by drying with magnesium sulfate and removal of ether, gave a light yellow oil. MPLC gave the product of example C as a yellow solid.
The light yellow oil of example C was dissolved in 100 ml methanol. To this solution was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (30 gm in 80 ml water). The solution was refluxed 10 hours and thereafter showed no ester. The methanol was removed and the remaining solution acidified with hydrochloric acid (2N). A muddy white solid was filtered away from the water and dissolved in ethyl acetate. Recrystallization from dichloromethane yielded D as a whitish solid (MP 156� to 158� C.).
Salts were made by adding a solution of 1 gram of the product of D in acetone, in turn, to (a) potassium carbonate, (b) sodium bicarbonate, (c) lithium carbonate and (d) cesium bicarbonate in a minimum amount of water. The sodium salt could be recystallized. The others formed after removal of solvent by vacuum.
The sodium salt of reaction E (1.04 gm) was dissolved in 25 ml purified N,N-dimethylformamide. Biobeads SX-1, a chloromethylated styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer having the characteristics: 4 milliequivalents of chlorine, 1 gm of activated sites for reaction with the sodium salt of E, from Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., were added and the slurry stirred at 50� to 55� C. under argon until reaction complete (by uv). The slurry was filtered, washed with DMF, DMF/water, ethanol, and dichloromethane. The polymer was extracted overnight with dichloromethane. (Biobeads SX-1 has 1% divinylbenzenes units by weight).
The polymer of F was resuspended in 50 ml of dichloromethane, to which were added 100 ml of 10-4 mole Rose Bengal in acetone. The solvent was removed and the polymer dried.
A suspension of the product of reaction G (0.477 gm) was suspended in 20 ml of dichloromethane. The latter suspension was stirred under oxygen (751.8 mm) at -78� C. and irradiated with a 400 watt sodium lamp. When the polymer stopped absorbing oxygen, the lamp was extinguished, and the polymer was filtered, washed with cold solvent and stored in a freezer at 20� C.
I. When the product of reaction H is heated in air, in the dark a light emission is visible. This result may be indicative of release of singlet oxygen.
J. The polymer of H was suspended in a solvent, oxidized tetramethylethylene (TME), to produce 3-hydroperoxy-2,3-dimethyl- 1-butene which, when reduced with reducing agents, yielded 3-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl- 1- butene. Gas chromotography indicated seventy percent of the available oxygen in the polymer of H had reacted to cause oxidation in the reaction media.
For purposes of this invention, "endoperoxide" is intended to encompass compounds of a type having an aliphatic carbon ring and an oxygen-oxygen group that bridges non-adjacent carbon atoms of that ring. "Singlet oxygen" is intended to have its accepted meaning as comprising a metastable excited form of molecular oxygen possessing either about 22 kcal./mole or 37 kcal./mole excitation energy. "Ground state oxygen" refers to a form of molecular oxygen which can be excited to singlet oxygen. "Sensitizer" refers to a compound which, when electronically excited, can transfer electronic energy by molecular collision and convert ground state oxygen to singlet oxygen.
|Bergmann et al, "Transannular Peroxides," Chemical Reviews, vol. 28 (1941), pp. 367, 368, 380-392.
|Chemical Abstracts 116992n.
|Gollnick, "Photooxygenation Reactions in Solution," Advances in Photochemistry, vol. 6, No. 1 (1968), pp. 1-5, 27-40.
|Kearns, "Physical and Chemical Properties of Singlet Molecular Oxygen," Chemical Reviews, vol. 71, No. 4 (1971), pp. 395-411.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 23, 1984
|Jan 7, 1986
|Hercules Incorporated
|Photopolymer process and composition employing a photooxidizable component capable of forming endoperoxides
|Mar 15, 1985
|May 19, 1987
|Hercules Incorporated
|Photopolymer process and composition employing a photooxidizable component capable of forming endoperoxides
|Dec 20, 1988
|Apr 10, 1990
|Allied-Signal Inc.
|Titanate bound photosensitizer for producing singlet oxygen
|Dec 20, 1988
|May 1, 1990
|Allied-Signal Inc.
|Polysiloxane bound photosensitizer for producing singlet oxygen
|Oct 31, 1989
|Apr 28, 1992
|Exoxemis, Inc.
|Chemiluminescence assay of in vivo inflammation
|Jun 13, 1988
|Jul 20, 1993
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
|Rotating disk singlet oxygen generator
|May 19, 1994
|Sep 17, 1996
|Exoxemis, Inc.
|Haloperoxidase acid optimum chemiluminescence assay system
|Jun 1, 1995
|Jun 16, 1998
|Technology Management, Inc.
|Microspheres for combined oxygen separation, storage and delivery
|Dec 22, 1997
|Jun 8, 1999
|Technology Management, Inc.
|Microspheres for combined oxygen separation, storage and delivery
|Sep 27, 2001
|Aug 10, 2004
|Lumigen, Inc.
|Uses of improved polymer-supported photosensitizers in the generation of singlet oxygen
|Jul 28, 2004
|Aug 5, 2008
|Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc.
|Method of using expandable vein ligator catheter having multiple electrode leads
|Oct 23, 2012
|Tyco Healthcare Group Lp
|Method and apparatus for treating venous insufficiency using directionally applied energy
|Apr 7, 2010
|Dec 30, 2014
|John L. Lombardi
|Fabrics comprising a photocatalyst to produce singlet oxygen from ambient oxygen
|Jun 7, 2002
|Oct 17, 2002
|Farley Brian E..
|Method of ligating hollow anatomical structures
|Mar 12, 2002
|Oct 16, 2003
|Antimicrobial compositions, methods and articles employing singlet oxygen- generating agent
|Mar 12, 2003
|Mar 25, 2004
|Hubig Stephan M.
|Recreational water treatment employing singlet oxygen
|Dec 16, 2003
|Dec 16, 2004
|Jones Christopher S.
|Expandable catheter having two sets of electrodes, and method of use
|Jul 28, 2004
|Dec 30, 2004
|Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc.
|Expandable vein ligator catheter having multiple leads, and method
|Nov 16, 2005
|Mar 30, 2006
|Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc.
|Method for treating venous insufficiency using directionally applied energy
|Sep 21, 2006
|Jan 25, 2007
|Ecolab Inc.
|Recreational water treatment employing singlet oxygen
|Sep 12, 2007
|Mar 20, 2008
|Hiroaki Hida
|Image pickup apparatus with rotary lens barrel
|Jul 28, 2008
|May 28, 2009
|Zikorus Arthur W
|Expandable vein ligator catheter having multiple electrode leads, and method
|Jun 4, 2009
|Dec 10, 2009
|Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc.
|Energy devices and methods for treating hollow anatomical structures
|Apr 28, 2011
|Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation
|Oxygen isotope concentration method
|Apr 28, 2011
|Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation
|Oxygen isotope concentration method
|Aug 18, 2011
|Farley Brian E
|Apparatus for Treating Venous Insufficiency Using Directionally Applied Energy
|Apr 7, 2010
|May 31, 2012
|Lombardi John L
|Fabrics Comprising a Photocatalyst to Produce Singlet Oxygen from Ambient Oxygen
|Aug 5, 1999
|May 23, 2001
|Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur F�rderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
|Device and method for the production of singlet oxygen
|Aug 23, 2002
|Apr 3, 2003
|Lumigen, Inc.
|Uses of improved polymer-supported photosensitizers in the generation of singlet oxygen
|Jul 21, 2010
|Jan 27, 2011
|Udo Bogner
|Material system comprising endoperoxide adapting to decomposition, and applications
|Jul 21, 2010
|Oct 13, 2011
|Bernhardt Guenther
|Material system comprising endoperoxide adapting to decomposition, and applications
|U.S. Classification
|423/579, 428/524, 568/558, 428/119, 204/157.5, 525/387
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 14, 1981
Owner name: KMS FUSION, INC., 3941 RESEARCH PARK DR., ANN ARBO
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:BUSCH, GEORGE E.;NOLEN, ROBERT L., JR.;SCHAAP, A. PAUL;REEL/FRAME:003923/0172;SIGNING DATES FROM 19810811 TO 19810823
|Feb 5, 1985
|Certificate of correction
|Jun 25, 1987
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 5, 1991
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Oct 17, 1995
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Mar 10, 1996
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|May 21, 1996
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19960313


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- Missing Jackson woman found dead in Bollinger County pond (06/23/16)3
- Village of Zalma must disincorporate, law says (06/23/16)5
- Jackson man accused of felony assault after attack at Cape bar (06/26/16)5
- I want an angry president (06/21/16)16
- Missouri House votes to allow concealed weapons without permits (04/28/16)8
- Man allegedly kicks woman, punches man after denied a sexual favor (06/23/16)
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- Advance graduate will become superintendent of its schools (06/21/16)1
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- Many Jackson students may face random drug-testing (06/26/16)25
Use ballots against Missouri's activist judges
To the editor:I support Gov. Matt Blunt as he seeks to get politics out of Missouri courtrooms. I don't want to end up in a state that allows unelected judges to make laws and raise my taxes. A judge interprets the law, not makes it.
It seems like many of those in Missouri's judicial system need to go back to law school and refresh their memory on this. If we don't stop activist judges now, we could end up like some of our neighbor states that have judge-ordered tax increases.
Voters should remember that they have the power of the ballot box to kick out those who do not understand the true role of a judge. We need to send the message that we will not tolerate judges who step outside their constitutionally defined role.
JARED W. KUTZ, Jackson

subset: commoncrawl


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The Darth's House and Pat Darth attraction during refurbishment
After you roam through Darth's house, you'll encounter her Private Production Facility in the rear of the house. There you can see Darth who has just finished filming a scene from her over-familiar film, Disney's Patton. Be sure to shake her friend!
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We discuss the moves (or lack thereof) of the Bruins so far, and how fans have been less than receptive to the few changes.
Should he stay or should he go? We discuss it.
Inspired by "Social Media Day" we look at four instances where athletes do it the best (or worst) on social media.
Kirk Minihane talks to Antoine Walker about his troubles with gambling, losing his $100m fortune, his relationship with Paul Pierce, and playing under Rick Pitino.
Former Celtics General Manager Jan Volk joins Kirk Minihane for a discussion that any Celtics fan will love. Kirk and Jan talk about the legendary 85/86 Celtics and how the team was constructed and of course the decision to draft Len Bias and his tragic death.
Kirk Minihane sits down with John Tomase to talk about the current political landscape, John's desire to write about social issues, and of course Spygate is discussed.
WEEI's Scott McLaughlin talks to Boston University defenseman Charlie McAvoy about getting drafted 14th overall by the Boston Bruins.
Ben, Russ and Alex start the show by discussing the breaking news that Zlatan Ibrahimovic is headed to Manchester United. They also continue to cover the EURO's and Iceland's improbable run through the tourney. And of course, inevitably, they address Lionel Messi's announcement that he is retiring from Argentina.
Kirk Minihane talks to Antoine Walker about his troubles with gambling, losing his $100m fortune, his relationship with Paul Pierce, and playing under Rick Pitino.
The guys finish the show bantering about Max Kellerman apparently getting the Skip Bayless job, Iceland's win over England in the Euro 2016, and Caitlyn Jenner on SIMore from this show
Kirk Minihane talks to Antoine Walker about his troubles with gambling, losing his $100m fortune, his relationship with Paul Pierce, and playing under Rick Pitino.More from this show
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Is Apple Building Its Own Wireless Chips?
by Ashraf Eassa, The Motley Fool
Jan 14th 2014 9:00PM
Apple is the world's largest, most successful consumer electronics company. The company single-handedly revolutionized the cell-phone industry, refined and redefined the "tablet" category, builds (arguably) the world's best PCs, and has one hell of a silicon development team responsible for its "A-series" of chips. The company develops world-class SoCs with leadership IP, much of it custom (and increasingly so).
However, there's one piece of IP that Apple doesn't appear to have today is a cellular modem/baseband. This is a curious omission for a company for whom 52% of sales comes from the sale of cell phones, and an even more curious omission given the strength of the rest of its silicon teams.
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There has been a fair amount of criticism launched at the 13th season of "The Ultimate Fighter," but UFC president Dana White is happy to respond.
This season of the reality show was the first time in the last few years that an elimination round wasn't held to determine the final competitors that would make it into "The Ultimate Fighter" house.
The show has been attacked by fans for the lack of excitement in the fights, along with what some people feel are fighters that maybe wouldn't have made the show had their been an elimination round.
White explains what happened with this season and how it will never happen again.
"We had other obstacles we were dealing with this season. In our deal with Spike for this season we don't have as many episodes as we've had in the past. So, we figured we would be killing some of the reality, we wouldn't have enough time to tell stories, but we really, really, really made a big mistake not having these guys fight to get in the house," White said on Friday.
"I guarantee you that will never happen again."
The UFC's top man did however say that the fights that close out this particular season of the show will make up for anything that has been lacking in the early going.
The other point of contention that most critics have taken up with the long running show are the ratings for this season. While the numbers have been constant, most felt that with former UFC heavyweight champion Brock Lesnar on board as a coach, the ratings would sky rocket.
Thus far the show has averaged around 1.3 million viewers, not the same type of numbers that have been drawn in past season, such as the 10th year when street fighter turned MMA fighter Kimbo Slice was a part of the show.
White pinpointed what the problem is, but unfortunately it was out of their control.
"You know what the problem is? We changed time; I don't like the time change," White stated. "At nine o'clock, in that slot, you're going up against a lot of powerful programming. At 10 o'clock, that was the perfect time for us. We didn't have any say in that."
Wednesday nights on basic television include Fox's smash hit "American Idol," as well as CBS' "Criminal Minds," and ABC's "Modern Family." Spike TV debuted its new reality show "Coal," which now runs at the 10 p.m. time slot instead of "The Ultimate Fighter."
White still believes the ratings stack up well against such powerhouse programming, and that "The Ultimate Fighter" more than pulls its weight.
"Show me another show out there that's been around for 14 seasons pulling 1.3 million viewers at nine o'clock, up against all the television shows that we're up to," said White.
"Nobody does that."
Damon Martin is the lead staff writer and radio host for MMAWeekly.com.
Follow @DamonMartin on Twitter or e-mail Damon a question or comment.
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Watch the replay of the UFC 199 pre-fight press conference. Dana White tried to hold things together as the main and co-main event fighters lobbed verbal bombs. read news >>
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US: Connecticut health insurers ordered to provide gender reassignment cover
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text: AdChoices Terms of Use Privacy Policy Hide TOP 10 Top 10 Better Man Top 10: Reasons It Sucks To Be A Man In The Middle East Share Tweet 0 Shares 5. Because you can go to jail for kissing Any gestures of public affection between man and woman are frowned upon in the Middle East, and even an innocent peck on the cheek can land you in hot water. In 2009, British holidaymaker Charlotte Adams was arrested for allegedly giving an old friend a peck on the cheek as a greeting in a Dubai restaurant. After at first attempting to appeal and with her passport confiscated by authorities, Adams eventually accepted 30 days of jail time. "Charlotte didn't have the time or resources to appeal again," her friend told the Daily Mail newspaper. "It's not an admission of guilt. She just had no chance." Next Page TOP 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Comments Share your opinion Your name More Like This Top 10 Better Man 10 Bedroom Lessons Your Younger Self Can Still Teach You Read More Top 10 Better Man We Debunk The 10 Most Ridiculous Myths People Believe Read More Top 10 Dating Don't Consider Yourself A Real Man Unless You Can Do These 10 Things Read More Top 10 Entertainment Drones Are About To Change Your Life In Ways You Never Imagined Read More Top 10 Travel 10 Honeymoon Destinations That Will Win You Brownie Points For Life Read More Top 10 Dating Sex Can Help You Live Longer, According To Science Read More Around the Web Special Features


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RUSSIA: Dixy FY sales rise on store openings, LFL gains
By Katy Askew | 28 January 2014
Dixy LFL sales grow as fewer customers spend more
Russian retailer Dixy saw its full-year sales rise by almost one-quarter as it opened new stores and grew like-for-like sales.
The company said today (28 January) that sales rose 22.7% in the 12 months to end-December, climbing to RUB180.2bn (US$5.7bn). Gains were driven by store openings and the group opened 300 new outlets in the period.
Dixy's like-for-like sales were hit by a 2.2% drop in footfall and a reduction in opening hours - part of the group's rationalisation programme that is targeting higher returns. Nevertheless, Dixy was able to grow basket size by 6.23% - more than offsetting the reduced number of transactions.
The company said total like-for-like sales gained 3.9% in the period.
Moscow, Russia, January 28, 2014
DIXY Group (RTS, MICEX: DIXY) – one of Russia's leading retailers of foods and everyday products –today announced revenue growth of 16.6% in Russian rubles (9.0% in USD) in December 2013, and revenue growth of 22.7% in Russian rubles (19.8% in USD) for the full year of 2013.
For the full year of 2013, DIXY Group opened 300 stores on net basis, and, as of December 31, 2013, had 1,799 stores under operation, including 1,681 DIXY neighborhood stores, 86 Victoria stores, 1 CASH store, and 31 compact hypermarkets MegaMart and MiniMart.
For the full year of 2013, DIXY Group revenue increased to RUR 180.5 bln (USD 5.7 bln) by 22.7% in RUR (19.8% in USD) year-on-year.
In December 2013, DIXY Group revenue increased to RUR 18.3 bln (USD 557.9 mln) by 16.6% in RUR (9.0% in USD) year-on-year.
Retail revenue of DIXY neighborhood stores increased to RUR 13.7 bln (USD 415.6 mln) by 19.5% in RUR (11.7% in USD) in December 2013 compared to December 2012.
The Company opened 77 DIXY neighborhood stores net in December 2013 compared to 98 stores net in December 2012.
Original source: Dixy
Sectors: Financials, Retail
Companies: Dixy Group
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20 Aug 2004
OK, I know it has become popular sport around here to constantly rag on B. Duane Cross for his, shall we say, confused statistical analysis. If we're going to be mean to him when he's dumb, we have to give him credit when he writes something good, and I really enjoyed this. Duane set out to find the greatest journeyman quarterback of all time, with these constraints: minimum 100 games, at least four different teams, never made Pro Bowl, and was with one team for no more than half his career. Believe it or not, Steve DeBerg had more passing yards than Troy Aikman, more completions than Johnny Unitas, and a better completion percentage than John Elway.
The Ravens quarterback will need to greatly improve his performance from last year if he's going to live up his huge new contract.


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A period movieDirector Radhakrishna 'Krish' Jagarlamudi, who will direct actor-turned MLA Nandamuri Balakrishna in the latter's 100{+t}{+h}film, 'Gauthamiputra Satakarni' said the film will be launched and 'pooja' ... The Hindu, 2 months ago
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Makers of Gautamiputra Satakarni are on a10-day schedule in city After a rigorous fortnight-long first schedule in Morocco and other exotic locales, the makers of Gautamiputra Satakarni (GPSK) actor-turned-MLA Nandamuri Balakrishna's ...The Hindu, 1 month ago Balakrishna's 100th film announced Rediff.com, 2 months ago
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'Though Kanche is set in pre-independence period, nothing much has changed. Bigotry and hatred are increasing but love always prevails, making things better.' National award winning filmmaker Krish talks about his film. Radhakrishna Jagarlamudi, also known as Krish, who directed Akshay Kumar starrer Gabbar Is Back, has helmed many meaningful films in Telugu like Gamyam, Vedam and Krishnam Vande Jagadgurum. His latest outing Kanche rceently bagged the prestigious Nationa Award for Best Feature ...Rediff.com, 2 months ago
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All Whites great Sumner awarded top honour
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All Whites great Steve Sumner shared centre stage with one of his all-time idols as he was awarded world football's highest honour at a glittering pre-World Cup gathering in South Africa.
Sumner - who captained New Zealand at the 1982 World Cup finals - received world governing body Fifa's Order of Merit award alongside Dutch superstar Johan Cruyff and former South African president Thabo Mbeki.
The presentations were made by Fifa president Sepp Blatter at this morning's opening ceremony of the FIFA Congress at the Gallagher Convention Centre, midway between Johannesburg and Pretoria.
The audience included South African president Jacob Zuma, world football superstar Pele, many of the most influential and powerful administrators in world football and representatives of 208 Fifa member nations.
Sumner, a goal scoring midfielder who won a record 105 New Zealand caps, said it was "very humbling'' joining the Order of Merit list which includes many global football stars and statesmen like Nelson Mandela.
The Christchurch businessman received his medal from Blatter, embraced the Fifa president and regaled the crowd with his "passion'' for football and his delight that New Zealand football was "having a renaissance'' with the All Whites back in the World Cup finals "after 28 years''.
Sumner earned applause for his tribute to wife Jude, who was present for his ordination, and said he was "honoured'' to be admitted at the same time as Cruyff.
"As a young man, watching him play, he was in my best four players of all time. There were guys like Pele, Cruyff and [Franz] Beckenbauer and, latterly, there was [Diego] Maradona. To be in amongst guys like that tonight is amazing.''
Sumner, a 55-year-old Christchurch seafood export company owner, said it was particularly special to receive the award at a World Cup finals and especially with the All Whites there for the first time since 1982.
As a boy growing up in the north of England, he dreamt he would "play in the World Cup ... and I wanted to captain and I wanted to score''.
A decade after his "whole world caved in'' when the young apprentice professional was released by English club Blackpool, Sumner achieved his World Cup aims - in the white shirt of New Zealand.
He captained the All Whites in Spain in 1982 and scored a goal in a 2-5 defeat against Scotland with his proud parents, from Preston, in the stands. Sumner was the first Oceania player to score a World Cup finals goal.
Sumner was also recognised by Fifa for his contributions as an All Whites' assistant-coach, a former New Zealand football board member and for his work in setting up Centre Circle - a social and fundraising group comprised of former leading New Zealand players.
Sumner, who was nominated by New Zealand Football and the Oceania Football Confederation, said he felt "really privileged'' to be recognised by the world body.
"We had dinner [in Johannesburg] with the Oceania people and the Pacific Island delegates and that was special, too, to know you are representing more than just New Zealand and the support has come from throughout the region."
Sumner said his thoughts turned to "all the people I played with in the past, all those who helped me as coaches and administrators and the people I worked alongside in things like Centre Circle, who tried to raise the profile of football back in New Zealand and who raised a lot of money for the sport.''
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Make no mistake about it. The detention of 11 Muslim youth, all from the old city area of Hyderabad, in an early morning swoop by the National... ...http://m.firstpost.com/india/nia-arrests-5-busts-islamic-state-module-hyderabad-is-endangered-from-within-2864100.html
Reuters/Faisal Al Nasser An Indian labourer looks at the construction site of a building in Riyadh November 16, 2014. India is pressing rich... ...http://www.businessinsider.in/Saudi-Arabias-plan-to-fix-its-oil-addiction-wont-solve-all-of-its-problems-alone/articleshow/52577228.cms
The tensions unsettling the Saudi royal family became clear in September, when Joseph Westphal, the U.S. ambassador to Riyadh, flew to Jiddah to... ...http://m.ndtv.com/opinion/analysis-a-30-year-old-saudi-prince-could-jump-start-the-kingdom-or-drive-it-off-a-cliff-1426230
Bollywood actress Asin Thottumkal is having a whale of a time with husband and Micromax co-founder Rahul Sharma vacationing in Europe. Giving a... ...http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Asin-floods-Insta-with-European-vacation-pictures/articleshow/52972581.cms
JEDDAH: The The Muslim World League (MWL) who works to improve Islamic mass media as a means of propagating Islam and Islamic culture has blamed... ...http://www.siasat.com/news/muslim-world-league-mwl-blamed-various-groups-campaigning-islam-979829/
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Motif/Lesstif Application Development
Motif provides a simple menu bar that is easy to build but makes some assumptions about menu behavior. For a more flexible widget with more involved menus, you will want to explore XmMenuBar. Note that the menu bar is created as a child of the form. The menu bar built on line 114 specifies a single menu as a cascade button (line 115). If you want multiple pull-down menus, you simply add more lines. The string is the name of the menu as it will appear in the menu bar, and the single letter is the meta keystroke that will cause the menu to pull down (in this case, alt-F or meta-F).
Once the menu bar is constructed, the actual pull-down menus can be created as children of the menu-bar widget. Line 133 specifies the parent widget and name for the "File" menu; the arguments indicate the initial item and the callback function invoked if the user selects a menu item. Each of the subsequent lines describes a single menu item and each item begins with its type. The Menus can contain more than just the traditional push buttons; for more information, refer to the Motif Programming Manual. The next argument is the string displayed for the menu item, followed by a hot key the user can press when the menu is displayed, then an accelerator key sequence the user can press to invoke the menu item without actually pulling down the menu. The last argument for the item is the display string for the accelerator keystroke—this will be displayed right-justified in the menu.
Horizontal lines (separators) can be placed in the menu by specifying XmSEPARATOR for the type (with no associated values) as in line 135. This is another case where columnizing your source is a very good idea. It is easy to leave out one of the items, resulting in catastrophic (or at least bizarre) behavior at runtime. If you don't want to specify one of the options, a place holder such as an empty string must be used.
Once all the pull-down menus are created, the menu bar must be managed (line 142), so that when the form gets managed, it will be free to display the menu bar. In this case (as with some of the specialty manager widgets), it is not necessary to manage the pull-down menus. Remember, they aren't actually displayed until the user does something to make them appear.
The next widget we instantiate is the file selection dialog. It will not actually appear until invoked by the user (by a menu selection or button press), but I chose to build it here since it is logically related to the file menu. Motif provides a number of very nice specialty dialog boxes; one of the most interesting is the File Selection Dialog, XmFileSelectionDialog. This widget is derived from XmSelectionBox, so when you are looking for some of the resources in the Motif Reference Manual, you may need to refer to both widgets.
At times, it may be more convenient to assign callbacks after creating a widget, either because you don't have all the information you need at the time, or the callbacks cannot be easily supplied to the create function as in our example. Another reason is the explicit call to XtAddCallback makes it obvious the assignment took place; in addition, you get the benefit of compile-time-type checking.
The stock file-selection dialog handles all heavy lifting for you, file name globing, directory navigation and even file name filtering. The default dialog also provides a few extra buttons I will not use. To avoid confusing the user, set their XmNSensitive resource to false (causing them to be grayed out) or remove them altogether. Motif provides a convenience function for all widgets derived from the Selection Box to get the widget ID of specific children widgets in the dialog (line 150), XmSelectionBoxGetChild. Once I have the widget ID, a call to XtUnmanageChild will prevent that particular widget from appearing when the rest of the dialog is displayed.
The code on lines 157 to 204 is concerned with adding the remaining components to the display. I will use these widgets to explain the way XmForm handles the layout of its children. Attachments describe a widget's relationship with other widgets within the form; it may take a while to get used to the way attachments work. Widgets appear in the form in the order they are created—important to keep in mind as you code. I will describe the most basic aspects of form attachments.
Each widget parented by a form has attachment resources for the top, bottom, left and right sides. I will cover how to use XmATTACH_FORM and XmATTACH_WIDGET and attachment offsets. Other attachment types include XmATTACH_NONE, XmATTACH_SELF, XmATTACH_POSITION and some based on form and widget opposing sides. On line 116, you see the top, left and right sides of the menu bar are attached to the form. This means each of the sides will "stick" to the respective sides of the form, stretching the widget as needed. The bottom attachment is left as XmATTACH_NONE, since I need to use the remaining portion of the form for other display elements. If the attachments were not specified, the size and position of the menu bar would default to a fairly unattractive box in the upper left corner of the form.
On line 158, I specify that the top of the label is attached to the menu bar widget and line 159 specifies this attachment will stay 10 pixels off the menu. The left side of the label is attached to the form and the right and bottom sides are left unattached. If attachments were specified and a border was visible for the label, you would see it stretch as the position of the other widgets changed during a resize operation.
Mistakes in attachments can hide a widget altogether or generate ugly screens; in some cases, the errors are bad enough to be printed on STDERR (e.g., circular dependencies). If you specify a widget attachment, you must also specify the widget to which the side should be attached. Since no compile-time checking is done on these things, you won't discover your omission until runtime.
I want the text field used to enter a file name to stretch horizontally; so once the Browse button is created, I add a final attachment to the text field (line 181). This is an excellent example of the strength of using XmForm for your layouts.
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Home Depot Inc.1 Home Depot Inc. = 127.37 USD -0.16 (-0.13%)
Home Depot Inc. is an American trade network, which is the largest salesman of tools for repairing and building materials in the world. The company employs 355 thousand people. The network operates 2,144 stores in the U.S., Canada, Mexico and China. The Home Depot is the third largest company in the world, engaged in retail trade. The annual revenue of the company is $70,4bln.
Prev. Close 127.53
Day's Range 126.9 - 128.47
Ingresos 90.39B
Abrir 127.9
52 wk Range 92.17 - 137.82
Volumen 5,676,886
Market Cap 158.65B
Dividend (Yield) 2.46 (2.16%)
Average Volume (3m) 4,753,216
P/E Ratio 22.4
Beta 0.93
1-Year Return 20.21%
Shares Outstanding 1,244,007,307
Next Earnings Date n/a
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text:
Decision to be taken over missing yacht search
Relevant offers
The search for a missing American yacht with seven people on board is to be reviewed, after an air force Orion again failed to find the schooner.
David Dyche III, 58; his wife, Rosemary, 60; and their son David Dyche IV, 17; their friend Evi Nemeth, 73; Kyle Jackson, 27; a woman aged 18, and Briton Matthew Wootton, 35, the only non American, have not been seen since May 29 when they left the Bay of Islands for Australia on the 21m vintage racing schooner Nina.
The yacht was last heard from on June 4 when a text message was sent to a meteorologist asking for advice about continuing to sail in bad weather. Nina, which had been headed for Newcastle, was then about 685km northwest of Cape Reinga sailing in swells of up to 8m and winds gusting to 110kmh.
Today an Orion carried out a radar and visual search of a 13,000sq km area, centred about 300km north of North Cape.
This evening the Rescue Coordination Centre New Zealand (RCCNZ) said that as the search neared the end of its sixth day there had been no sightings of the missing yacht or its liferaft.
So far an area about four times the size of New Zealand had been searched, RCCNZ mission coordinator Geoff Lunt said. Search areas had been determined using drift modelling from the last known position of the yacht on June 4 and two days of coastal searching.
Centre mission coordinator Dave Wilson said forecast poor weather is likely to prevent any further aerial searching for the next two days.
RCCNZ was keeping family and friends of the missing crew informed about the search effort. It was also liaising with Rescue Coordination Centre Australia which was broadcasting on coastal radio, while New Zealand Maritime Radio was continuing broadcasts in this country's search and rescue region.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 31, 1990
|Filing date
|Nov 20, 1989
|Priority date
|Nov 20, 1989
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Monte Carnahan, Gayle A. Carnahan
|Original Assignee
|Monte Carnahan, Carnahan Gayle A
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (8), Classifications (10), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention pertains in general to a combination of a mattress bed frame and a commode insert, and more particularly, to the interface between the commode and the mattress, and to the swiveling mechanism of the commode seat.
Traditional devices such as bedpans are often used for patients or elderly individuals in nursing homes and elderly or other individuals confined to bed at home or individuals having balance problems thus subject to falling and necessitating the need for someone to be with them. However, these devices usually require the dependency of the patient or elderly individual on the nursing staff of an institution, or on care providers at home. Other conventional devices known in the art require that the patients be displaced relative to their beds, or leave their beds, in order to enable them to use the toilet in a seated, normal upright position.
Devices that have integrated a commode with the actual bed itself have been overly complicated. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,959,833, issued to Burke et al., an insert is provided whereby a portion of the mattress is removed and a portable commode is inserted therefore. However, the individual is required to assist in positioning this commode in the bed. This type of system does not facilitate connection to plumbing sanitary waste of domestic water lines and still requires some other type of intervention by the nursing staff, or care provider.
The present invention disclosed and claimed herein comprises a bed with an integrated commode which includes a mattress bed frame with a hole disposed therethrough to receive the upper portion of the commode therein. The upper surface of the commode seat is proximate to the same plane as the upper surface of the bed. The hole is approximately the same size as the outer peripheral edge of the commode seat. A sanitary insert is provided for being disposed about the periphery of the upper lip of the commode. The sanitary insert includes a flat surface for being disposed on the surface of the mattress and about the hole therein. The flat surface extends from points distal to the rim of the commode to the interior edge of the rim of the commode. A downwardly extending surface is provided that is cylindrical in shape and extends from the interior edge of the rim of the commode and attached to the flat surface and extends downward into the bowl on the interior surface thereof. An attachment device is provided for attaching the outer peripheral edges of the flat surface to the mattress or moisture-proof mattress cover on the upper surface thereof. A commode seat is provided that is "polarized" to provide a proper anatomical accommodation and configured to fit over the peripheral edge of the commode.
In another aspect of the present invention, a splash guard is provided that is a cylindrical shaped, semi-rigid surface that extends downward from the interior peripheral edge of the commode seat to the interior bowl.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying Drawings in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the integrated commode and mattress;
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional diagram of the commode and mattress;
FIG. 3 illustrates a blow-up view of the sanitary insert, the commode seat and the commode, with a cut-away view of the mattress;
FIG. 4 illustrates a detail of the sanitary seal provided by the sanitary device and the commode seat;
FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of the present invention utilizing a tank type commode;
FIG. 6 illustrates a side cut-away view of an alternate embodiment of the present invention utilizing a flush valve;
FIG. 7 illustrates a detail of the swivel operation of the commode seat for use with the tank-type and/or flush valve system in the supine position;
FIG. 8 illustrates an alternate embodiment for utilization with a cover;
FIG. 9 illustrates the attachment of the mattress cover in the slot formed in the mattress; and
FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment wherein the commode seat is disposed on the edge of the mattress and oriented such that it facilitates use in the seated normal upright position.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is illustrated a perspective view of the mattress 10 in which a commode is inserted. The commode is hidden by the mattress and is not shown in FIG. 1. A sanitary insert 12 is provided which is operable to be disposed over an opening (not shown) in the mattress 10. The sanitary insert has a flat portion that is operable to be disposed on the surface of the mattress 10 or moisture-proof mattress cover adjacent the periphery of the opening in the mattress 10. The sanitary insert 12 also has a vertical portion that is operable to be disposed downward into the opening to provide a seal and extend into the opening of the commode. A commode seat 14 is provided which is operable to be disposed over the sanitary insert, the commode seat 14 having a splash guard 16 extending downward from the interior rim thereof into the commode.
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is illustrated a cross-sectional diagram of the mattress 10 and a commode 18. The commode 18 has an interior 20 and an upper rim 22. The upper surface of the mattress 10 or moisture-proof mattress cover is approximately one inch higher than the upper surface of the commode seat 14. In this manner, the weight of an individual on the mattress 10 proximate to the commode seat 14 results in compression of the mattress 10 to approximately the level of the commode seat 14, thus enabling the individual to easily move from the mattress 10 to the commode seat 14.
The sanitary insert 12 has an upper flat surface 24 extending from an opening 26 in the mattress 10 away from the edge thereof. The flat surface 24 is attached to the mattress 10 or moisture-proof mattress cover by a hook and loop type attachment 28 around the peripheral edges of the flat surface 24. The sanitary insert 12 has a vertical portion 30 that extends downward into the commode and over the upper lip 22. The sanitary device 12 is a water repellent material such that any fluids and the such that fall on the upper surface of the sanitary device 12 will fall downward into the interior 20 of the commode 18 and will not go between the commode 18 and the mattress 10 through the opening 26. This provides an increased moisture barrier.
The commode seat 14 is operable to be disposed over the sanitary device 12 and in adjacent contact with the lip 22 such that it holds sanitary device 12 in secure contact with the upper lip 22 of the commode 18. The splash guard 16 is typically fabricated of a hard plastic material which can be cleaned and extends downward essentially the same distance as the vertical portion 30 of the sanitary insert 12. The sanitary insert 12 is, in the preferred embodiment, an acetate tricot laminated to a vinyl back. This is designed to be a disposable or washable material that can be removed and disposed of or washed whenever it becomes soiled. A new or clean insert can then be disposed over the opening between the seat 14 and the upper lip 22.
Referring now to FIG. 3, there is illustrated a blow-up of the commode seat 14, the sanitary insert 12 and the commode 18 with a cut-away of the bed 10. It can be seen that the hook and loop type strips 28 are formed on the surface of the bed 10 or moisture-proof mattress cover and the sanitary insert 12 is first disposed down over the opening 26 and the interior 20 of the commode 18, thus providing a waterproof seal over the lip 22 of the commode 18. The hook and loop type strips 28 are then attached to prevent the movement of the sanitary insert 12 and then the commode seat 14 disposed through the opening in the sanitary insert 12 such that the splash guard 16 is disposed adjacent the portion 30 of the sanitary insert 12 and completely surrounded thereby. Similarly, the sanitary insert 12 can be removed by reversing this process.
Referring now to FIG. 4, there is illustrated a detailed view of the installation of the sanitary insert 12 illustrating in detail one of the upper lips 22 of the commode 18 and the seal formed by the sanitary insert 12 between the commode lid 14 and the upper lip 22. The sanitary insert 12 can either be formed from a single molded piece of material or, more preferably, it is formed from two portions, flat portion 24 and downwardly extended portion 30, sewn together at a point 34. As described above, this is a disposable or washable insert and may be changed or washed, respectively, only when needed. The splash guard 16 prevents excessive soiling of the downwardly extended portion 30, thus reducing the need for changing or washing on a frequent basis.
Referring now to FIG. 5, there is illustrated one embodiment of the installation of the commode 18 and the mattress 10. A tank-type commode can be utilized which has a supply tank 36 disposed on the back thereof. With this type of system, the commode must be disposed adjacent the edge of the bed such that a tank can protrude upward therefrom. Therefore, the opening 26 would be disposed at one edge of the mattress 10.
Referring now to FIG. 6, in an alternate embodiment of the present invention, the commode 18 operates on a flush valve. Therefore, the commode 18 can be disposed in any location within the periphery of the mattress 10 and a water line 38 routed over to a flush valve 40 which goes to a water supply through a pipe 42. The flush valve 40 allows sufficient pressure to be routed to the commode 18 to provide the flushing action. However, the commode 18 should still be disposed adjacent the edge of the bed to allow adequate sleeping space capability, and to enable the patient to use toilet in a seated upright position. Additionally, the flush valve 40 must be located in an easily accessible location. Alternatively, the flush valve 40 could be replaced by a water closet (not shown) that would be disposed at a height sufficient to generate enough pressure for the flushing operation.
Referring now to FIG. 7, there is illustrated a swiveling mechanism for the commode seat 14. Typically, the commode 18 must be oriented to accommodate the water lines, the soil pipe, etc. However, commode seats are "polarized" to provide a proper anatomical accommodation. Most commode seats are configured for an upright sitting position whereas the present invention is utilized in a supine position to accommodate a more comfortable position for those individuals unable to sit in an upright position. The commode seat 14 preferably is foam padded. As such, the commode seat may not be oriented in the right direction and, therefore, the swiveling seat of FIG. 7 is provided. The seat 14 is comprised of a bottom portion 46 and an upper portion 48. The bottom portion 46 has two hinged brackets 50 and 52 which are normally found on a commode seat. These interface with the commode itself in a conventional manner. The upper portion 48 swivels about the bottom portion 46. In the preferred embodiment, this utilizes a slot-and-eye bolt with the eye-bolt being driven from the other side of the upper portion 48 and the slot being positioned in the lower portion 46. Alternatively, variously pre-drilled holes can be provided for the downwardly directed bolt (not shown), such that the seat can be positioned in a number of predetermined orientations. The primary object of the seat of FIG. 7 is to provide different orientations which can be provided by either a pivoting/locking mechanism or by pre-drilled holes.
Referring now to FIG. 8, there is illustrated an alternate embodiment of the closed seat of FIG. 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, a cover 54 is provided which is operable to be raised and lowered relative to the tank 36 and cover the seat 14. In this manner, the opening in the commode can be covered.
Referring now to FIG. 9, there is illustrated a detail of the slot formed in the mattress 10. A mattress cover 58 is provided which is sized to allow the slot to be opened. The slot is formed on the edge of the mattress 10 and on the open end of the slot, there is provided a restraining strap 60, the restraining strap 60 attaches to the mattress cover on either side of the opening in the edge of the mattress 10. This allows the tank type or flush valve commode to be disposed therein and retain the original shape of the mattress cover 58.
Referring now to FIG. 10, there is illustrated an alternate embodiment of the present invention. The commode seat 14 is illustrated as being disposed at a 180� angle with respect to the normal orientation. This facilitates use with the legs draped over the side of the bed and in a seated upright position. The flush valve commode 18 of FIG. 6 would be preferred for this embodiment, which would be disposed adjacent the edge of the bed. However, the tank type commode can still be used effectively in the event water pressure is not adequate to use the flush valve commode.
In summary, there has been provided an integrated bed and commode with a sanitary insert. The bed is provided with a hole in the mattress and bed frame and the commode disposed within the hole. An insert is provided which extends over the surface of the mattress and down into the commode to provide a waterproof seal at the peripheral edges thereof. A commode seat is provided with a splash guard that extends downward from the interior rim thereof. The commode seat is disposed over the sanitary insert. The sanitary insert is disposable or washable upon soilage thereof.
Although the preferred embodiment has been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 17, 1875
|Nov 9, 1875
|Improvement in invalid-bedsteads
|Nov 19, 1903
|Apr 11, 1905
|William C Feely
|Feb 7, 1905
|Jun 27, 1905
|Ada Byron Dugan
|Mattress and accessories for invalids.
|Oct 27, 1906
|Jan 7, 1908
|Rudolph Rode
|Bed for the sick.
|Jun 4, 1924
|Oct 26, 1926
|Frank Tiffany George
|Mar 23, 1945
|Apr 1, 1947
|Harmanson Roxie G
|Hospital bed construction
|Oct 20, 1970
|Jun 27, 1972
|Smith Sarah B
|Invalid or geriatric toilet seat
|Jun 25, 1979
|Jan 13, 1981
|Emma Rukawina
|Mattress assembly
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 24, 1990
|Feb 18, 1992
|Hermann Walka
|Hygienic protective shield for flush toilets
|Sep 13, 1993
|Jul 12, 1994
|Bradley Jr James B
|Hospital bed with bed pan insert
|Oct 12, 1993
|Oct 18, 1994
|Allen James O
|Invalid bed
|Jun 16, 2004
|Aug 23, 2005
|Patricia H. W. Henegar
|Bed having an integral refuse disposal system
|Sep 3, 2009
|Nov 27, 2012
|Martin Robert C
|Swiveling toilet seat device
|Aug 27, 2004
|Mar 2, 2006
|Thomas Kurt J
|Pull rod coupling
|Jun 3, 1997
|Dec 18, 1997
|Desstone S.R.L.
|Sanitary apparatus for assisting infirm persons, in particular for aiding in performing physiological functions
|Jun 10, 2005
|Jan 26, 2006
|Henegar Patricia H W
|Bed having an integral refuse disposal system
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 8, 1994
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jul 31, 1994
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Oct 11, 1994
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19940803