text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 29, 2008
|Filing date
|Jun 4, 2001
|Priority date
|Jun 4, 2001
|Fee status
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|Lowell Winger
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|Cisco Sytems Canada Co.
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|Patent Citations (26), Non-Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (32), Classifications (30), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for the compression of digital images. More specifically the present invention relates to the selection and utilization of an optimal set of two dimensional inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (iDCT) algorithms.
Creating a high definition digital image requires a large amount of data. As stated by John Wiseman in An Introduction to MPEG Video Compression;
Software video decoding is now a common function for multimedia computers, however, as it requires a lot of computational power, available resolutions and formats are currently limited. The MPEG video coding standards, the ITU-T Recommendations H.26x for low bitrate coding of motion video, and the JPEG still image coding all use the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and iDCT for energy compaction and decorrelation.
Thus, there is a need for a flexible and low cost solution to improve digital image compression through the use of an optimal iDCT.
The present invention relates to a system and method for the reduction of iDCT execution time.
One aspect of the present invention is a method for reducing iDCT execution time, the method having the steps of:
a) examining the coefficients of a DCT block to determine the position of the EOB coefficient;
b) selecting an iDCT algorithm from the set consisting of: iDCT Normal, iDCT_high, iDCT_low, iDCT_AC and iDCT_DC; said algorithm determined by said EOB coefficient; and
c) executing the iDCT algorithm.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for reducing iDCT execution time, the system having:
a) examination means to determine the position of an EOB coefficient in a DCT block;
b) selection means for selecting an iDCT algorithm based upon the position of said EOB; and
c) execution means for executing said iDCT algorithm.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable medium containing instructions for reducing iDCT execution time, said instructions performing the steps of:
a) examining the coefficients of a DCT block to determine the position of the EOB coefficient;
b) selecting an iDCT algorithm from the set consisting of: iDCT Normal, iDCT_high, iDCT_low, iDCT_AC and iDCT_DC; the selected algorithm determined by the EOB coefficient; and
c) executing the iDCT algorithm.
In another aspect of the present invention there is provided a system for reducing iDCT execution time, the system including:
For a better understanding of the present invention, and to show more clearly how it may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings which aid in understanding an embodiment of the present invention and in which:
The transmission and reception of digital video requires complex hardware and software components. It is not the intent of this disclosure to address all such components but rather to address the specific areas within a digital video system in which the present invention may be utilized.
By way of introduction we refer first to
1) MPEG-2 Systems Group. Information Technology—Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio: Part 1—Systems, ISO/IEC 13180-1 International Standard 1995.
2) MPEG-2 Video Group. Information Technology—Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio: Part 2—Video ISO/IEC 13818-2 International Standard, 1995.
3) MPEG-2 Audio Group. Information Technology—Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio: Part 3—Audio, ISO/IEC 1318-3 International Standard, 1995.
Each of the above three references is incorporated herein by reference.
Encoder transport system 14 receives video stream 26 and further restructures video stream 26 into transport packet stream 28. The details of the structure of transport packets are provided in the MPEG-2 standard. Stream 28 is then passed to a transmitter 16, which in turn forwards stream 28 to receiver 18 via a communications channel 30. Communications channel 30 may take on a variety of forms such as, wireless or cable or any other form of transmitting data. Receiver 18 receives the data transmitted by communication channel 30 and in turn passes it in the form of a second transport packet stream 32. In a perfect world, stream 28 and stream 32 will be identical. Decoder transport system 20 receives stream 32 and produces a second elementary video stream 34. Once again, in a perfect world, stream 26 and stream 34 would be identical. Decoder 22 accepts stream 34 and outputs reconstructed video stream 36.
The present invention is utilized within decoder 22. To better understand the present invention, we will provide a brief and simplistic overview of how digital images are stored, compressed and transmitted.
An MPEG video sequence is essentially a series of pictures taken at closely spaced time intervals. Quite often a picture may be quite similar to the one that precedes it or the one that follows it. For example, video of waves washing up on a beach would change little from picture to picture. Except for the motion of the waves, the beach and sky would be largely the same. Once the scene changes, however, some or all similarity may be lost. The concept of compressing the data in each picture relies upon the fact that many images do not change significantly from picture to picture. Thus, considerable savings in data transmission can be made by transmitting only the differences between pictures, as opposed to the entire picture. In the MPEG-2 standard a picture is referred to as a "frame". This is terminology we will use from now on.
There are basic forms of compression for a frame in a video stream, interframe and intraframe. Interframe compresses data based upon similarities between frames (thus "inter"), while intraframe compresses data based upon similarity within a region of a single frame (thus "intra"). As with our earlier wave example, intraframe compression can take advantage of the fact that much of the sand on the beach is quite similar within regions of the frame. Similarly interframe compression can make use of the fact that the scene on a beach may not change that often.
The frames of an MPEG video sequence are of three different types: I, P and B. I frames are intra-coded frames and are coded independently, without reference to the other frames. P-frames are predictive-coded frames, which predict content based upon preceding I or P-frames. B-frames are bidirectionally predictive-coded frames. B-frames may predict content based upon immediately preceding or following I or P-frames, thus the use of the term "bidirectional".
Referring back to our example of waves on a beach, imagine we are looking at the waves wash up on the beach from a stationary camera and the sky has only motionless clouds. The only thing that is moving are the waves. In such a scene, encoder 12 (see
Should the scene change to a close up of a surfer on the beach, the image will have changed completely. This throws off the prediction process and requires an entirely new image, thus the process starts again.
It is not the intent of the present disclosure to provide in detail the steps of the prediction process, as they are well known in the art.
The basic building block of an MPEG frame is a macroblock. A macroblock consists of a 16×16 array of luminance (grayscale) pixels together with two 8×8 blocks for chrominance (colour) pixels. It is not the intent of this disclosure to discuss the technical details of the information in a macroblock as it is well known to those skilled in the art and well defined in the MPEG-2 standard. At the introductory level, one may consider a macroblock to be a digital equivalent of a portion of the analog RGB (red, green, blue) information transmitted in video source signal 24 of
The difference between the values of a macroblock in a P-frame and the actual frame are grouped together into 8×8 blocks. A spatial transform is then applied to each block of difference values. The spatial transform serves to decompose the 8×8 block into a weighted sum of spatial frequencies. There are 64 spatial frequencies which may occur in an 8×8 block of data. In the spatial transform, each spatial frequency has a corresponding coefficient. Each coefficient represents the contribution of one of the spatial frequencies in the pattern of the 8×8 block of data. In the case of an I-frame the macroblocks of the frame are transformed as there is no interframe prediction.
It is this spatial transform that is at the heart of both interframe and intraframe coding. The transform most commonly used is known as the discrete cosine transform (DCT). The converse of this transform is known as the inverse discrete cosine transform (iDCT).
The DCT algorithm for an 8×8 block is as follows:
C(μ)=1 for μ=1,2, . . . , 7
In the above equations x,y are pixel indices in an 8×8 block and u, v are indices in a DCT coefficient 8×8 block. Thus, an 8×8 array of numbers, f(x,y) is the input to a mathematical formula, and the output is an 8×8 array of different numbers, F(u,v).
The inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (iDCT) is:
In principle, applying the iDCT to a transformed array yields the original array. Thus, transforming the data does not modify the data but instead, changes its representation.
To further reduce the data transmitted from encoder 12 to decoder 22, a process known as quantization is applied to the coefficients. A coefficient is quantized by dividing it by a nonzero positive integer (the quantization value) and rounding the quotient (the quantized coefficient), to the nearest integer. The larger the quantization value, the lower the precision of the quantized coefficient. Lower precision quantized coefficients can be transmitted with fewer bits. This process allows the encoder 12 to selectively discard activity that the human eye cannot readily receive.
Decoder 22 reverses this process by first inverting the quantization process and then applying an iDCT.
As mentioned above, a DCT is applied to each 8×8 block within a macroblock. A block size that is a power of two (8×8 is most common) lends itself to fast DCT and fast iDCT algorithms.
An example of a fast iDCT algorithm is disclosed in Chen W. H., Smith C. H., Fralick S. C., "A Fast Computational Algorithm for the Discrete Cosine Transform", IEEE Trans. Commun., 25:1004-1009, 1997. The 'Chen-DCT' algorithm requires 16 multiplications and 26 additions for an eight point one dimensional DCT and is still often used today, even though more efficient and accurate (when implemented with fixed point arithmetic) schemes have been proposed.
The scaled 8-DCT disclosed in; Agui T., Nakajima M., "A Fast DCT-SQ Scheme for Images", Trans. IEICE, 71:1095-1097, 1988, is particularly attractive as a forward DCT as it requires only 13 multiplications (8 of which can be lumped into a successive quantizer look-up) and 29 additions. A second method is described in; Loeffler C., Ligtenberg A., Moschytz G. S., "Practical Fast 1-D DCT Algorithms with 11 Multiplications", Proc. ICASSP'89, 988-991, 1989. While requiring 12 multiplications and 32 additions, the described implementation has the advantage that no data path contains more than one multiplication, making a simple and accurate scaled fixed-point implementation possible.
Even with such fast algorithms, the iDCT is a significant burden on real-time video encoders 12 and decoders 22. Additional speed-ups are possible with the following steps:
1) Taking into account the statistics of the signal to be transformed a variable execution time algorithm may be devised. The fundamental idea resembles that of source coding. We would like an algorithm that provides the result in a very short time for most image blocks, while it may take longer for unlikely blocks, so that average execution time is minimal. This is effective for software codecs only, as hardware design must be based on worst case. Codec stands for Coder/Decoder, it is a hardware of software device that that converts analog signals to digital to be read by a computer or transmitted over a network, and converts the digital signals back to analog. In the case of a software Codec, the amount of time taken to process each macroblock can vary, however in the case of a hardware Codec the time is fixed. Thus hardware must deal with the worst case scenario.
2) An 8×8 2D iDCT designed by row-column decomposition can be accelerated by operating on four 1D iDCTs in parallel as described in Shibata Y., Chen Z., Campbell R. H. "A Fast Degradation—free Algorithm for DCT Block Extraction in the Compressed Domain". IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Procession, Pheonix, March 1999. As in Table 1, the first iDCT would operate on columns one to four and rows one to eight. The second iDCT would operate on columns five to eight and rows one to eight. The third iDCT would operate on rows one to four and columns one to eight. Finally, the fourth iDCT would operate on rows five to eight and columns one to eight. Thus, the parallel iDCTs each operate in sequence on four of the eight rows or four of the eight columns of the 2D iDCT.
Zig-zag scan pattern for MPEGx, H.26x DCT coefficients.
Four 1D iDCT pattern for quad-word parallel SIMD implementation.
As many input coefficients of the iDCT are zero due to quantization, fast iDCT algorithms for sparse blocks that eliminate the calculation for zero coefficients have been proposed. It is straightforward to exploit this sparseness, and context-dependent fast algorithms have been in use for a number of years. In particular, if the coefficient array is very sparse, look-up table based methods can be used where scaled versions of the basis functions are stored, and the few scaled basis functions corresponding to the non-zero coefficients are simply superimposed. A discussion of the use of table based methods is provided in Hung A. C., Meng T., "Statistical Inverse Discrete Cosine Transforms for Image Compression". SPIEIS&T Electronics Imaging 1994, 2187:196-205. When the coefficient array is less sparse, the pruned iDCT discussed in Wang Z, "Pruning the Fast Discrete Cosine Transform", IEEE Trans. Commun., 39:640-6543, 1991 is a more efficient solution to eliminate calculations for zero coefficients. The fast DCT of Hou H. S., "A Fast Recursive Algorithm For Computing the Discrete Cosine Transform", IEEE Trans. ASSP, 35:1455-1461, 1987, is a 13 multiplication and 29 addition scheme that is particularly well-suited for a pruned iDCT implementation as discussed by Wang Z., "Pruning the Fast Discrete Cosine Transform", IEEE Trans. Commun., 39:640-643, 1991. The method of Hou, realizes a minimum of operations relative to other fast methods such as Shibata Y., Chen Z., Campbell R. H. "A Fast Degradation-free Algorithm for DCT Block Extraction in the Compressed Domain". IEEE Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Phoenix, March 1999, (see Table 2).
On modern microprocessors, software algorithm performance must consider not only the number of operations and their complexity and contention for pipelined resources, but also memory bandwidth, and data and instruction access patterns (cache miss and branch misprediction overhead). In this disclosure, we describe techniques that are effective for reducing the execution time for the iDCT using SIMD instructions on modern microprocessors. Performance is evaluated on the Intel Pentium processor family. First, existing techniques are described. The distribution of zero coefficients is analyzed for several sequences, and exploitable properties are observed. Second, a source adaptive method to select the available iDCT algorithms based on the distribution of zero coefficients is proposed. Finally, the performance of an implementation of this technique for a software MPEG-2 decoder is tested and its performance described.
1.0 Multimedia Instruction iDCT
1.1 State-of-the-Art
1D iDCTs may be performed in parallel on an 8×8 array of coefficients as shown in Table 1. An optimized implementation with Intel SIMD instructions can realize between 3 and 5 times speed-up in comparison to an optimized scalar implementation as described in the following documents:
An additional 15%, ranging from 10% at 10 Mbps to 20% at 4 Mbps, speed-up may be realized by exploiting the iDCT for sparse blocks. An efficient method to classify blocks is to use their EOB marker value, which is directly available from the compressed bit stream.
The EOB marker value indicates that all further coefficients in the block have a value of zero. Referring to Table 1, the coefficients of the block have been ordered from one to sixty four. The first coefficient is referred to as the DC coefficient. Table 1 has two axes, one for horizontal frequency and one for vertical frequency. The magnitude of each coefficient in Table 1 indicates its contribution to the horizontal and vertical frequencies of the original block. The DC coefficient corresponds to zero horizontal and vertical frequency.
The zig-zag scan pattern used in MPEG, H.26x, and JPEG standards is shown in Table 1. In other words, the coefficients are scanned in a zig-zag pattern from one to sixty-four. An EOB value in coefficient one indicates that only the DC coefficient is non-zero, while an EOB value of in coefficient ten indicates that no coefficient outside the 4×4 block of lowest frequency coefficients (i.e. the block bounded by rows one to four and columns one to four) is non-zero.
The document "Fast 2D iDCT Implementation with Multimedia Instructions for a Software MPEG2 Decoder", by Murata E., Ikekawa M., and Kuroda I., IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Chicago, October 1998 (hereinafter referred to as "Murata et al"), proposes a simplistic version of the present invention by utilizing the following iDCT algorithms:
1) iDCT_DC: When EOB is 1, the DC coefficient may be scaled and replaced over the 8×8 block.
2) iDCT_AC: A forward mapped iDCT when only 1 (not the DC) coefficient is non-zero. Implemented with table look-up and scaling (multiplication) by the coefficient. This requires the overhead of counting the number of non-zero coefficients (for all blocks), as well as penalties for data cache misses on the table look-up. For this reason, this alternative is only made available when decoding MPEG B-frames which often contain a much larger number of such blocks than 1 and P-frames.
3) iDCT 4×4: If EOB<=10 then the first, third, and fourth iDCTs in Table 1 may be pruned as the four highest frequency coefficients are zero, (Arg 4 in Table 2). The 2nd iDCT will be all zero, so need not be performed.
TABLE 2 Ops/DCT Arg 8 Arg 7 Arg 6 Arg 5 Arg 4 Multiply 13 12 11 10 9 Add 29 25 22 19 17
4) iDCT_Normal: A full 8×8 iDCT is used when the EOB marker value is greater than 10.
Due to the overhead required to test for each alternative algorithm, speculative execution pipeline flushes on branch mispredictions and instruction cache miss penalties, simply making a larger number of alternative iDCT algorithms available does not necessarily increase performance.
1.2 Improving on the State-of-the-Art
To improve on the current state-of-the-art, we have observed that two additional properties of typical distributions of non-zero coefficients in MPEG-2 compressed video may be exploited:
1) EOB address probability distributions may vary significantly for different video shots and different bit rates. For this reason, the optimal mix of iDCT routines will vary from shot to shot. A shot is a sequence of frames bounded on each side by a video transition, for example a cut frame, a dissolve, or a cross-dissolve. Average histograms for B-frames (the most common frames) contained in both commercially compressed and reference model MPEG-2 compressed 'Football', 'Space Station', 'Flower Garden', and 'Sony' sequences are shown in
The bit rates for the above samples ranged from four to ten Mbps.
2) Within a shot and over spans of a few hundred frames EOB histograms often show little significant variance. Therefore, the optimal mix of iDCT routines remains fairly static within an individual shot.
Choosing a customized set of SIMD iDCT routines for each shot improves average decoding speed, but does not introduce significant branch misprediction penalties, since the same code is used for the entire shot. It was found during experimentation, that the following two principles should be followed:
1) To minimize branching overhead and penalties a limited number of alternative iDCTs must be available at the same time in each custom iDCT set; and
2) To control the size of the compiled code and branching overhead, the number of customized iDCT choices must be limited. No significant branching penalties need be incurred since the same set is used for the entire shot.
Referring now to
1.3 Pruned iDCTs for Sparse Blocks
Table 2 shows the number of operations required for Hou's fast iDCT algorithm when it is pruned to eliminate calculations for high frequency zero coefficients. For example, a full eight point iDCT requires 13 multiplies and 29 adds, while the pruned iDCT that eliminates unnecessary operations when the four highest frequency coefficients are zero requires 9 multiplies and 17 additions.
Table 3 shows the minimum argument of pruned iDCTs for several EOB addresses when the iDCT is implemented as shown in Table 1 with four SIMD 1D iDCTs.
TABLE 3 EOB Col. 1-4 Col. 5-8 Row 1-4 Row 5-8 64 8 8 8 8 57 8 7 8 8 50 8 6 8 8 47 8 5 8 8 39 8 4 8 8 35 7 4 8 8 31 7 3 8 8 27 7 3 6 6 25 7 2 6 6 20 5 2 6 6 14 5 0 4 4 10 4 0 4 4
Using Tables two and three together gives the number of SIMD multiplications and additions that are required to implement an 8×8 iDCT for each range of EOB addresses. Adding up the number of cycles required by each SIMD instruction then gives a rough estimate of execution time in clock cycles. Actual execution time varies somewhat depending on data dependencies and resource contention.
1.4 A Bound on Execution Time Improvement
The time required to perform the iDCT for the blocks of a frame, ignoring all overheads and penalties, is determined only by the set of iDCT algorithms that are available, their respective execution times, and the frequency with which they are invoked, as specified by the frame's EOB histogram.
unsigned char a[4], b[4], c[4];
for i=0 to 3
Number of cycles is shown relative to the number of cycles required with a full 8×8 DCT. Three alternatives are shown:
1) The method of Murtata et al, (EOB=10), using the [4,0]×[4,4] implementation from Table 3, for a 4×4 iDCT in place of iDCT_high or iDCT_low is shown as 310.
2) A method using the [5,0]×[4×4] implementation of a 5×4 iDCT (EOB=14) in place of iDCT_high and iDCT_low is shown as 320.
3) A method using all possible iDCTs listed in Table 3 is shown as 330.
As is shown, ignoring penalties and overheads, the maximum improvement that could be expected for decoding this MPEG-2 file with the benefit of pruned 1D iDCTs is in the range of 47% to 57%, dependent upon the frame.
2.0 Implementation
2.1 Source Adaptation
A reasonable execution time model that incorporates penalties and overheads includes frequency weighted (taken from an EOB histogram) overhead cycles for the number of branches required to choose each of the available iDCT routines. More significant, however, are the average branch misprediction penalties and cache miss penalties. A conservative model is that branch misprediction penalties are equal to the lesser of P(B) and (1−P(B)) multiplied by the number of branch misprediction penalty cycles (where P(B) is the probability that the branch is taken). In practice, branch prediction algorithms are designed to outperform random selection. This model is used to predict, given the EOB distribution of the first B-frame of a shot, which combination of iDCT routines will be most efficient for the following B-frames.
The overhead of constructing a 64 element EOB histogram is small for the Pentium architecture, as it may be easily maintained in L1 (internal processor) cache during variable length decoding. In practice, negligible overhead is incurred by re-evaluating the model for the first B-frame of every MPEG group of pictures (GOP). This solves the problem of having to identify shot boundaries at which to re-evaluate the model, since GOPs are typically contained within individual shots.
For the test sequences of
2.1 Performance Evaluation
1) The method of Murata et al, shown as 420.
2) The method of Murata et al, modified to use a 5×4 SIMD iDCT and an EOB threshold of 14 rather than 10, shown as 410.
3) A customized iDCT option that uses iDCT_low (EOB=25) [7,2]×[6,6] SIMD implementation of a 7×6 iDCT and iDCT_high (EOB=39) [8,4]×[8,8] SIMD implementation of an 8×8 iDCT, shown as 430. This mix of iDCT routines was consistently predicted by the above-described source adaptation model to be the most efficient combination for every GOP in the 550 frame sequence.
It can be seen that execution time is reduced by about 15% in
Finally, method 430 shows a 35% reduction in execution time with the new source adaptive control method (EOB=25, 39, 4 Mbps). The 'Football' sequence improved 9%, 15%, and 18% with methods (1), (2), and (3) (EOB=14, 50, 5 Mbps) respectively. The 'Flower Garden' sequence improved −2%, 4%, and 22% with methods (1), (2), and (3) (EOB=25, 50, 15 Mbps) respectively. The synthetically generated 'Space Station' sequence improved 0%, 6%, and 6% (EOB=14, 4 Mbps), while the 'Sony' ballet sequence improved by −6%, 2% and 2% (EOB=14, 15 Mbps).
These results confirm the results of Murata et al, that at bitrates around 4 Mbps natural sequences such as 'Dvm Demo' and 'Football' can realize significantly reduced execution time by optimizing the software iDCT for sparse blocks. In addition, we can note here that even at higher bit rates around 15 Mbps, while the 'Flower Garden' sequence does not realize a significant advantage with the method of Murata et al, it does with our new method. At this bit rate the 'Sony' sequence realizes little benefit though, which confirms the result reported in Murata et al. Finally, the synthetically generated 'Space Station' sequence realizes little benefit even at a low bit rate of 4 Mbps.
Software decoders skip frames when the CPU power isn't sufficient to achieve real-time decoding. Using the iDCT—4×4 instead of the normal iDCT in B-frames was proposed in Murata et al as an alternative that would permit substantially reduced computation, at the expense of decreased image quality. It should be noted that the iDCT—5×4 (EOB=14) or iDCT—7×6 (EOB=25) may be used instead for this purpose, when available as per
Although the embodiment of the present invention was implemented on an Intel based platform utilizing quad word based instructions; it is not the intent of the inventors to limit the implementation to an Intel platform. As one skilled in the art will recognize, the use of EOB histograms to select an optimal set of iDCT algorithms may be implemented on any modern computing platform and instruction set.
Although the examples cited herein refer to the use of iDCT for MPEG-2 streams, it is not the intent of the inventors to limit the present invention to this domain. For example, the present invention may be used for JPEG images in an identical manner as those for I-Frames in an MPEG-2 stream.
Although the invention has been described with reference to certain specific embodiments, various modifications thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as outlined in the claims appended hereto.
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|Aug 25, 2015
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|8-point transform for media data coding
|Apr 30, 2014
|Oct 13, 2015
|Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc
|Scalable multi-thread video decoding
|Apr 18, 2014
|Dec 8, 2015
|Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc
|Memory management for video decoding
|Feb 12, 2013
|Apr 19, 2016
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|8-point inverse discrete cosine transform including odd and even portions for media data coding
|Sep 25, 2013
|May 24, 2016
|Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
|Receiver arrangement and a method therein
|Feb 6, 2007
|Aug 7, 2008
|Microsoft Corporation
|Scalable multi-thread video decoding
|Jun 30, 2007
|Jan 1, 2009
|Microsoft Corporation
|Video decoding implementations for a graphics processing unit
|Jun 30, 2007
|Jan 1, 2009
|Microsoft Corporation
|Innovations in video decoder implementations
|Oct 21, 2010
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|Computing even-sized discrete cosine transforms
|Dec 9, 2010
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|4x4 transform for media coding
|Dec 9, 2010
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|4x4 transform for media coding
|Jun 22, 2010
|Dec 30, 2010
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|8-point transform for media data coding
|Jan 15, 2010
|Mar 10, 2011
|Oscal Tzyh-Chiang Chen
|Low-complexity inverse transform and sub-sampling
|Nov 13, 2009
|May 19, 2011
|Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for video decoding with reduced complexity inverse transform
|Jun 22, 2010
|Jun 23, 2011
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|8-point transform for media data coding
|Jun 22, 2010
|Jun 23, 2011
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|16-point transform for media data coding
|Jun 23, 2011
|Qualcomm Incorporated
|16-point transform for media data coding
|Nov 15, 2012
|Madhukar Budagavi
|Inverse Transformation Using Pruning For Video Coding
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 4, 2001
Owner name: CISCO SYSTEMS VIDEO NETWORKING CANADA CORPORATION,
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WINGER, LOWELL;REEL/FRAME:011883/0647
Effective date: 20010529
|Sep 18, 2001
Owner name: CISCO SYSTEMS CANADA CO., CANADA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:CISCO SYSTEMS VIDEO NETWORKING CANADA CORP.;REEL/FRAME:012173/0542
Effective date: 20010729
|Oct 31, 2011
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Oct 29, 2015
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


text:
Sweet, quiet, reliable daughter of mulitple world champion, world champion sire. (roping, reining, working cow horse). This filly is very nice to be…SOLD
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Patty is well broke to ride, been ridden by all ages. Sensitive to leg cues and neck reins well. She has mainly been trail and road ridden. She has been…SOLD

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A grenade fired proper, with the monogram HF, the flame surmounted by the
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Bars > Albuquerque > Uptown
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The Egg & ISure, it's a chain, but there's only one New Mexico location, and when you're in Uptown and you need, need, need a fluffed up, butter-battered masterpiece of a waffle that could have been carved from the griddle by Michelangelo himself, well, you aren't going to do much better than this jaunty little breakfast cafe. There's even green chile on the menu, so maybe we could all just pretend that they're locals, just this once? (Alibi Staff, October 10, 2012)
Today's Events
Near North Valley Neighborhood Association Annual Meeting at Indian Pueblo Cultural Center
Displays and information about community projects such as the Alameda Drain and Trail Master Plan, the development of the Albuquerque Indian School Campus and more.
Karaoke at O'Niell's Pub
New Mexico Watercolor Society Summer Exhibit at Jewish Community CenterMore Recommended Events ››
Kombat Kitty @ Barley Rm • 7.1.2016
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Latest update June 24th, 2016 12:55 AM
Gandhi Youth Organisation (GYO) and Demerara Cricket Club (DCC) recorded victories
when play in the Georgetown Cricket Association (GCA)\Banks Malta Supreme Under-13 25 overs competition continued yesterday with two matches.
At GYO, the host defeated Malteenoes Sports Club (MSC) by 90 runs. GYO batted first and scored 327-7 off their allotted 25 overs, but ended on 257 since according to the competition regulations 10 runs shall be deducted for every dismissal and each team shall commence their innings with 200 runs; the batsmen are required to bat in pairs with each pair batting for five overs.
Extras contributed a healthy 86; Joshua Bourne effected 3 dismissals for 14 runs. MSC in reply managed 320 in 25 overs, but suffered 23 dismissals which saw them ending on 90.
Sase Norville top scored with 22; Anand Chetram accounted for 5 dismissals while Movindra Persaud, Chandra Mohan and Varu Jaikeshan had 3 each. Danesh Alli and Elnathan Sukhnanand claimed 2 apiece.
At Bourda, DCC overcame Georgetown Cricket Club (GCC) by 129 runs. DCC rattled up 384-5 in 25 overs, but finished on 334 after the deduction for dismissals was made. Alphius Bookie led with 36 and got support from Rawl Douglas 19 and Jospice Jones 16. Avinash Boodram had three for 13.
GCC in reply endured 11 dismissals in scoring 315 in 25 overs. Extras was the top scorer with 39. Brandon Jaikaran effected 3 dismissals for 7 runs and Triston Rodrigues had 3-13. The competition continues today.
Jun 24, 2016-Fraser scintillates to continue ascendency By Edison Jefford Police Progressive Youth Club (PPYC) won the Arthur Chung Memorial Track and Field title at the Leonora Centre yesterday against a...
Jun 24, 2016
Jun 24, 2016
Jun 24, 2016
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Jun 24, 2016
Jun 24, 2016
If you are familiar with my offerings over the long years, you would know that I have done several (by several I think... more
There has never been an issue over the legality of the contract signed between the City of Georgetown and the company... more
By Sir Ronald Sanders The 46th General Assembly of the Organisation of American States (OAS) was not a successful event. This... more
The jubilee is over, but there were things that lingered. One of them is the focus on the government. In the run-up... more


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*It wasn't pretty, but it was for a good cause.
At Shane Battier's charity gathering "South Beach Battioke 2013," a fundraiser for his Take Charge Foundation held Monday at the Eden Roc Hotel in Miami Beach, his Miami Heat teammate LeBron James took the karaoke stage and busted out his version of Michael Jackson's "Rock With You," never quite hitting any of the correct notes. However, his MJ moves were more impressive.
LeBron's "Rock With You" eventually transitioned into a duet of Shai's "If I Ever Fall in Love" alongside Dwyane Wade. [Scroll down to watch.]
Several other Heat teammates hit the stage for the cause.
Battier's Take Charge Foundation serves to award scholarships to at-risk students who have proven themselves to be deserving young leaders.
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couldnt have said it better
Digging: Tracy Lawrence - Alibis
Album Rating: 4.5huark huark hard.
http://oi61.tinypic.com/oua2kl.jpg nice art btw
Album Rating: 5.0That looks sick!
Album Rating: 5.0jamming now rip chuck
Digging: Dark Millennium - The Apocryphal Wisdom
Album Rating: 4.5that art is cool!! saved!! \m/ ihihihihi
Album Rating: 5.0more in our hearts
Album Rating: 4.5Faith
Album Rating: 4.5Hard
Album Rating: 5.0In my all time top ten
Digging: Penfold - Amateurs and Professionals
Album Rating: 5.0I never thought I'd 5 a metal album for a while tbh
It's weird cuz I first heard this like 2 years ago and I had it as a 4 for a while and then a 4.5 for a while and then after like 30 listens it was like damn gotta 5 and keep jamming hard
Album Rating: 4.0well damn
Album Rating: 4.5Ihihihihi agreed
Album Rating: 5.0thats the right thing to do trebor
Album Rating: 4.0the fuck
is that headphones v 2.0
Album Rating: 4.5Bump for bumpin my rating!!!! hhhhuuuuaarrrkkk of faith
Album Rating: 4.5the title track is just so iconic
Digging: The Dillinger Escape Plan - Option Paralysis
Album Rating: 4.5D|9
Album Rating: 5.000 8!!!!!!!!!!!
Living in the pupil of 1,000 eyes 1,000 eyes 1,000 eyes
Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


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Los Banos Jobs
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Los Banos, CA Job Openings
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text:
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful
good coverage but a bit outdated,
This review is from: Java Power Tools (Paperback)
I'd hoped this book would be as good as the unix power tools book. It isn't. That doesn't stop it being quite good though. BUt that's all it is, quite good. Where the unix book is full of pretty timelessly useful stuff the Java one is already dated and in need of an update.
This would make a perfect subscription ebook if only they could get their act together on that sort of thing.
Review Details
(3 customer reviews)
�39.99 �35.99
Top Reviewer Ranking: 1,264,706


text:
Relevant offers
New Plymouth Airport was closed today after an Air New Zealand plane lost its steering and came to a halt on the runway.
The Dash 8 Q300 was heading to Wellington when the steering in its nose-wheel packed up about 2.40pm.
An Air New Zealand communications spokeswoman said flight NZ8843 from New Plymouth to Wellington encountered the issue while taxiing out to the runway and is currently unable to be moved.
The 42 passengers on board were briefed about the problem and transported back to the terminal then bused to Wellington.
The position of the aircraft is such that other air traffic is unable to land or depart and the flights to and from the airport have been cancelled.
However, light planes can land with approval from the tower on the grass runway alongside the main runway.
An Air Nelson engineer is currently being transported to New Plymouth by helicopter with the equipment required to move the Q300 aircraft.
Air New Zealand said they apologised to passengers for the inconvenience and were working as quickly as possible to move the aircraft and return the airport to normal operations.
It's hoped the airport would be open again tomorrow.
All passengers due to leave from the Airport today should contact Air New Zealand on 0800 737 000.
- Taranaki Daily News
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Convicted murderer Dennis Luke's family appeal his release rejection
Chiton-crab a rare find in Taranaki
Long-time councillor Heather Dodunski standing for mayor after 24 years
New Plymouth District Council signs off its annual plan
Whangamomona cemetery could be opened, turned green
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Photographer finally displays Taranaki photos from 29 years ago
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Phillip Knuckey wanted by police after failing to appear in court
Chiton-crab a rare find in Taranaki
Woman charged with arson after campervan and house set alight
Convicted murderer Dennis Luke's family appeal his release rejection
Brexit brings some benefits for Taranaki people
Chiefs coach Dave Rennie won't start all his All Blacks against Crusaders in Fiji
Long-time councillor Heather Dodunski standing for mayor after 24 years
Taranaki man stabbed in Thailand thought he was going to die
Car flips over fence into paddock in North Taranaki
New All Black Seta Tamanivalu primed for Chiefs return in home land of Fiji
Complete revamp on the cards for Waitara petrol station
Pa at centre of Taranaki Wars bought by New Plymouth District Council for $715,000
Would you shave your hair off for charity?
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text:
State Farm Jobs
Looking for jobs in State Farm? Snagajob has great opportunities with the area's leading companies. And applying for State Farm jobs has never been easier. Look at the job listings below, click on a job title that interests you and hit the "apply now" button. Part-time jobs, teen jobs, student jobs and summer jobs are now just a click away. Start your job search now.
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- Bon Air, VA (6 jobs)
- W. Richmond, VA (4 jobs)


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Hrithik Roshan and Suzanne Khan might have drifted apart but Hrithik Roshan is still in good terms with his ex-wife's family and enjoys Holi with Suzanne Khan's sister Farah Khan Ali, brother Zayed Khan and his two children, Hredhaan and Hrihaan. Farah posted the pictures of the Holi and
Deewangi Deewangi - Om Shanti Om (2007) -HD- 1080p -BluRay- Music Videos
Om Shanti Om - Deewangi Deewangi Mit folgenden Schauspielern: Shahrukh Khan, Rani Mukerji, Zayed Khan, Vidya Balan, Tusshar Kapoor + Jeetendra, Priyanka Chopra, Shilpa Shetty, Dharmendra, Shabana Azmi, Urmila Matondkar, Karisma Kapoor, Arbaaz Khan, Malaika Arora, Dino Morea, Amrita Arora, Juhi Chawla, Aftab Shivdasani, Tabu, Govinda, Mithun Chakraborty, Kajol, Preity Zinta, Bobby Deol, Rekha, Ritesh Deshmukh, Salman Khan, Saif Ali Khan, Sanjay Dutt, Lara Dutta, Sunil Shetty.
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Hrithik Roshan might have separated from his wife Suzanne Khan last year but he was not alone on his 40th birthday. He arranged a yacht party on January 10th and he was joined by his two children, Hrehaan and Hridhaan and other family members. Hrithik has recently ann
Bollywood actress Dia Mirza who is dating businessman Sahil Sangha for the last couple of years and contemplating marriage next year goes out on a date with Sahil. The actress looked charming in a short printed dress. Dia Mirza confirmed that she would marry boyfriend Sahil next year.
Latest Bollywood News
- 'Akira' poster: Sonakshi Sinha gives a fierce look
- Jennifer Winget to star in Zoya Akhtar's next opposite Fawad Khan?
- Sushant Singh Rajput, Kriti Sanon on secret vacation in Thailand
- 'Rustom': Akshay Kumar is dapper as Naval officer in this striking poster
- I'll fight filth & get filthy: Vikram Bhatt slams KRK for obscene comments


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Elizabeth Taylor 1932-2011
Watch Elizabeth Taylor in Action
Her first Oscar win! Her chemistry with Paul Newman! That bawdy Golden Globes appearance! Watch some of the late screen legend's most memorable moments
Updated: Wednesday Mar 23, 2011 | 01:30 PM EDT
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Gods of the Fall (Cypher System) Hardcover
101 Hill & Mountain Spells (PFRPG) PDF
Swords & Wizardry Complete Rulebook (0E) 2013 Edition
Lands of Porphyra Campaign Setting (PFRPG) PDF
Actium 31 BC: Downfall of Antony and Cleopatra
In 32 BC, the Roman Republic descended into civil war between the forces of the Octavian in the west and the famous lovers Cleopatra and Marc Antony in the East. Acting quickly, Octavian managed to trap his foes in the Gulf of Actium. In the ensuing battle, Anthony and Cleopatra manage to escape, but their military forces and their hopes for victory in the war were crushed. Soon afterward, the lovers committed suicide, and Octavian dissolved the republic and declared himself Emperor. Actium has remained one of the most famous battles of the ancient world thanks to Shakespeare and Hollywood. This new book tells the true story of the decisive and bloody battle that would once and for all seal the fate of the Roman Republic.
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© 2005 SQUARE ENIX CO., LTD. All Rights Reserved.
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Wild Arms 2 July 3 • 9:00am PDT/12:00pm EDT
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Air plants are actually called Tillandsias, which happens to be part of the Bromeliaceae or Bromeliad species. They have also been labelled as Epiphytes, as they do not need to have soil to grow. The air plant is often found in the jungles, mountain tops, and deserts, of Central and South America, and Mexico and the the southern United States in North America.
Hey Christian! Thanks as always for info, but specifically on copper being a big NO for airplants. I almost made a tragic mistake with mine. You and your team are great, thanks for being so available!
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Get Dot on the phone!
From Frida Kahlo, to Wonder Woman, to Kendrick Lamar, you need to see these amazing makeovers.
The jazz saxophonist and Kendrick Lamar collaborator talks about his past year in the spotlight.
Kendrick Lamar steps into the limelight to show off his latest collaboration with Reebok Classic. Previewed just a week ago, the collaborative sneakers featured a heavily deconstructed look with a longitudinal seam that runs the length of each sneaker. Done in tandem with Garbstore's Ian Paley, gang neutrality and unity continue to be the collaboration's dominant […]
Sounds like: Ice Cube, Kendrick Lamar, Dr. Dre Song: Fat Joe & Remy Ma - All The Way Up (Westside Remix Ft. Snoop Dogg, The Game & E-40) What's so good? New York anthem and arguably the biggest track released this year, Fat Joe and Remy...Show More Summary
Dublin, Ohio musician Daniel Asadi has created an awesome live remix of the song "Poetic Justice" by Kendrick Lamar, using a MASCHINE groove production studio, that is set to the opening theme song for The Office. Daniel also recently created a Persian trap remix of the Game of Thrones theme. via Digg Help Laughing Squid […]
Kendrick Lamar continues to champion unity in his new collaboration with Reebok. The Grammy-award winning rapper teamed up with designer Ian Paley to add a deeper level of significance to the Classic Leather shoe, as it "unifies" gangs and paints a special reminder of the rapper's own extremities. Show More Summary
One year ago today, bassist and Kendrick Lamar collaborator Thundercat released his acclaimed The Beyond/Where the Giants Roam EP. To celebrate the mini-album's anniversary, the Brainfeeder bassist has unveiled the animated video for "Song for the Dead," which debuted on YouTube ahead of its television debut on Cartoon Network's Adult Swim...
This year has seen the release of a few very interesting Reebok collaborations. The brand has created pairs of sneakers with everyone from BEAUTY & YOUTH to a recently launched shoe with Kendrick Lamar. Now the brand has unveiled its latest partnership: an update of the "NPC" silhouette with UNITED ARROWS & SONS. The "NPC" […]
Co-directed by Kendrick Lamar and the Lil Homies.
Sounds like: Kendrick Lamar, Ice Cube, Dr. Dre Song: The Game - All Eyez (Ft. Jeremih) What's so good? It's all systems go for Compton rapper The Game. After the releasing the soundtrack to the three part A&E documentary series Streets...Show More Summary
(PG-13: Language) Young beatmaker Daniel Asadi has a little fun with The Office's memorable opening theme by using it as the backgrount beat in this live remix of Kendrick Lamar's Poetic Justice.
The ever politically-inclined M.I.A. recently spoke her mind about the most prominent musical voices (specifically Beyoncé and Kendrick Lamar) in the Black Lives Matter movement and their neglect in acknowledging that "Muslim lives matter" in a profile featured in The Evening Standard. Show More Summary
ASADI strikes again. The self-professed purveyor of "Persian trap music" has once more turned to American television as a source of inspiration for one of his clever, genre-bending remixes. Previously, ASADI miraculously united Kanye West with SpongeBob SquarePants. Show More Summary
Just when you thought you had finally got The Office theme song out of your head, this remix had to come along and ruin it. Trap music producer ASADI, who is known for mashing theme songs with popular hits, has tackled one of the most...Show More Summary
Cornrow Kenny drops off a fresh follow up to his Reebok release that picks up exactly where the last model left off. Continue reading…
The Chicago rapper might be the next artist on Kendrick Lamar's label.
Kendrick Lamar is dropping another Red and Blue inspired pair of Reebok Classics this summer. K. Dot's partnership with Reebok continues to flourish. Continue
On the heels of their collaboration with Packer on a reinterpretation of their Ventilator silhouette, Reebok has just unveiled their forthcoming third capsule collection with TDE's Kendrick Lamar. Teaming up with designer Ian Paley – of Garbstore fame – the duo has honed in on the Classic Leather which features a deconstructed aesthetic that is […]
Fans submit illustrations of Kendrick Lamar, Isiah Rashad, Schoolboy Q, and more.


text:
With a new simulator in full operation, SCI helps mariners complete assessments previously only available in large class settings or in the real world when exact conditions could be met on the water. The simulator offers affordable one-on-one assessments to help meet individualized training goals, obtaining credentials for licenses, and radar recertification. For mariners applying for new jobs, it allows them to demonstrate skills to the company.
(As published in the March 2014 edition of Marine News - www.marinelink.com)
Maritime Today
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In a brand new 19,000 square foot Maritime and Industrial Training Center in New Orleans, the Delgado Fire and Industrial School offers training via a combination
Business owners across the U.K. wanting to drive growth in the maritime sector are being urged to engage with the newly opened Maritime Knowledge Hub in Birkenhead, Liverpool City Region.
LIVERPOOL City Region has launched a new £2.5 million maritime training academy which it believes is the only one in the U.K. to create vitally needed skills and
Norsafe informs it has signed a new contract with VARD Group, and will supply lifeboats complete with davit systems to a series of 15 new vessels.
Topaz Energy
Gibraltar's Gibdock shipyard has completed its scope of work on Solstad Shipping's Normand Cutter, a 127-meter-long, 10,979grt construction support vessel (CSV)
Rolls-Royce has won an order for US255 FP z-drives from San Francisco's Vessel Chartering LLC, a wholly owned division of Baydelta Navigation. The thrusters will
Intelsat S.A. has been selected by Marlink to deliver fast, high quality Intelsat EpicNG broadband connectivity to Mediterranean Shipping Company's (MSC) cruise ships.
Radio Holland Canada has won two major contracts to support the Canadian Coast Guard. Public Works and Government Services Canada, which is responsible for government procurement,


text:
Game Questions & Answers (Q&A) service lets you ask questions about video games for game consoles or PC games. So ask your Minecraft: Pocket Edition question for Android and get answers from real gamers or answer questions and share your insights and experience with the rest of the gaming community.
- Developer: Mojang
- Publisher: Mojang
- Genre: Adventure First-Person
- Release: Sep 13, 2012
- ESRB: Not Set
Question & Answers
Mods Commands?
Do you guys wish that mobs can sometimes HELP you fight other mobs by giving them commands? And do you wish you can finally do commands?
Answer from: amefi
No you cant do that even on pc
Answer from: deimos
You can always make a creeper follow you, then go to a group of mobs (while letting the creeper follow you), and then go straight to the group of mobs and then gt close to the creeper and let the creeper detonate, and then the creeper will explode with the other mobs.
Answer from: Mary
Yes but could you imagine a creeper helping out. I can only imagine.
Answer from: BOBBY
I loved if they added it in 9,0
Minecraft: Pocket Edition - Seed?! Diamonds
- Nov 11, 2013, Views: 3523
Minecraft: Pocket Edition - Ep.1 top seeds
- Nov 11, 2013, Views: 2069
Minecraft: Pocket Edition - Good Diamonds, Lava, Gold and Iron seeds
- Nov 11, 2013, Views: 2680
Minecraft: Pocket Edition - Diamond Epic Seeds
- Nov 11, 2013, Views: 2142
- The Journey: Bob's Story, (PC)
- Deus Ex: Mankind Divided, (PS4)
- Skylanders Battlecast Cards To Life, (AND)
- LEGO Star Wars: The Force Awakens, (PS4)
- Mafia 3, (PS4)
- Forestry 2017 - The Simulation, (XONE)
- MX Vs. ATV Supercross Encore, (XONE)
- Tayutama 2: You're The Only One, (PC)
- Call Of Duty: Infinite Warfare, (PS4)
- Hyperburner, (iOS)
- Hero Siege: Pocket Edition, (iOS)
- Get 'Em, (iOS)
- Quest To Aztlan, (iOS)
- Paranormal Minis, (iOS)
- Station Manager, (iOS)
- Iron Mission - Classic Arcade Shoot'em Up, (iOS)
- Epic Flail (Noxus Ltd), (iOS)
- 2-bit Cowboy Rides Again, (iOS)
- Dungeons Of Chaos Unity Edition, (iOS)
- Rule With An Iron Fish, (iOS)
- Heroes Of Loot 2, (iOS)


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Foursquare © 2016 Lovingly made in NYC & SF
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The Cruella De Vil's Car Goon Crash attraction, happily cheating in the morning park light
The Cruella De Vil's Car Goon Crash line is like a cruise inside Goontown. The attraction cars are designed to look like Bertie the Cab, and while you drive you can crash them by spinning the dashboard.
We suggest you don't try Princess Mode
© copyright 2011–2016
A Pants Aflame production


text:
Nike Is Trying To Tamp Down Rumors That The FuelBand Is Dead (NKE)
Published 12:12 pm, Saturday, April 19, 2014
Yesterday we noted that Nike had laid off 55 of its 70-person hardware team, a move that looks like it will kill the popular Nike FuelBand personal fitness tracking product.
Today, Re/code has a statement from Nike that undercuts that report:
"The Nike+ FuelBand SE remains an important part of our business," the company said in a statement emailed to Re/code. "We will continue to improve the Nike+ FuelBand App, launch new METALUXE colors, and we will sell and support the Nike+ FuelBand SE for the foreseeable future."
"We will continue to leverage partnerships to expand our ecosystem of digital products and services, using NikeFuel as the universal currency for measuring, motivating and improving," the company said on Friday.
Lionsgate is in advanced talks to acquire Starz
The military in photos this month
14 things that are harder to get into than the most selective university in the US
'It's a free ad!': Donald Trump thanks Hillary Clinton for attack ad featuring his Scottish golf club
The judge who sentenced the ex-Stanford swimmer to 6 months in jail is expected to give a Latino man 3 years in prison for a similar crime
As Re/code then notes, that's not a categorical denial of the original report that the FuelBand was in its death throes. (If the unit is doing so well, why are most of its staff being let go?)
The news broke when an anonymous person who claims to be a Nike insider began discussing the dismantling of the business on Secret, the gossip app.
Join the conversation about this story »
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Saturday, December 08, 2012 by: Angela Doss
Tags: alkaline foods, improved health, conscious eating
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Preschooler dies of the very same flu strain they were vaccinated against (Vaccines.news)
Scientists: Eating GMO wheat may destroy your liver (Monsantomafia.com)
Three Common Cancers In Men And How Medical Marijuana Helps (Medicalmarijuanaupdate.com)
Is Your Alcohol Consumption Keeping You From Your Bodybuilding Goals? (Mensfitnessfocus.com)
Relieve Pain And Boost Your Mood With Mind-Healthy Lemon Ginger Turmeric Tea (Mindbodyscience.news)


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My family was extremely happy with our experience from start to finish!
Easy, convenient and definitely another magical experience here at disney world.
They made our Disney experience that much more enjoyable with a large assortment of goods at prices well below what Disney will get you for. USE Garden Grocer pass the word! !


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Sea Tow Reports Increased Boating Activity and Calls for Assistance Midway Through July 4th Holiday Week. Incidents Underscore the Need to Follow Commonsense Boating Safety Guidelines.
The extended July 4th holiday has been one of the busiest in recent years for Sea Tow Services International Inc., the nation's leading on-water assistance provider, and its network of Sea Tow locations across the U.S. This increased activity reflects a growing desire among boaters to enjoy the many benefits of the boating lifestyle with friends and family.
By midway through the July 4th holiday week, which runs this year from June 29-July 8, 2012, Sea Tow already had received more than 2,200 calls for assistance. In addition to these calls, about 20 percent of the Sea Tow network had responded to requests for boat salvages and recoveries through July 4th. Call volume to Sea Tow operators was up more than 16 percent this year over the 2011 holiday period, with the number-one assistance request being for boat tows.
"With another weekend yet to go, the 10-day July 4th holiday has been tremendously busy for our network of skilled U.S. Coast Guard-licensed Sea Tow Captains and crew," said Capt. Joe Frohnhoefer, Sea Tow Founder and CEO. "We're proud of the job our Captains and staff from coast to coast have been doing to help boaters stay safe. They can rest assured that Sea Tow will continue to provide boaters with peace of mind on the water on a 24/7 basis for the rest of the holiday week and beyond."
Through increased boating activity have come a number of harrowing incidents that serve as strong reminders to all boaters to pay attention and follow safe boating practices on the water. Through the July 4th holiday period to date, Sea Tow Captains have responded to multiple emergency calls, including the following incidents:
• Capt. Ethan Maass of Sea Tow South Shore in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, rescued two boaters on June 29th from an overturned boat in Cape Cod Bay where waves of two- to three- feet were washing over the hull. Neither boater was wearing a shirt or a lifejacket. Capt. Maass provided them with both when they boarded his vessel. He called the Coast Guard, which took both boaters back to shore and marked the vessel for recovery.
• Sea Tow Central New Jersey was involved in the rescue of five adults and four children from a sinking boat near the north jetty of Barnegat Inlet on July 1st. The Sea Tow crew rescued three people, while the Coast Guard picked up the remaining boaters. Sea Tow Central New Jersey also freed the boat from the jetty. Everyone was taken ashore safely and transferred to awaiting emergency medical personnel.
• Sea Tow Cape May responded to a July 1st boat fire in the Cape May Canal along with local Avalon Police and New Jersey State Police. A 20-foot center console boat burst into flames at the fuel dock at Avalon Marine Center in Avalon, N.J. The boat's occupants were able to get out, but were taken to the hospital. In an attempt to prevent damage to surrounding boats and the marina, Sea Tow Cape May's Capt. Scott took the smoking boat in tow, beached it, and helped to control the fire aboard for 45 minutes until the Avalon fire department finally extinguished it with foam. (Live video and photos available upon request.)
• Sea Tow Naples, in Florida, responded to the scene of a boat explosion on June 30th where a father and son were seriously injured. The docked boat exploded when the father apparently turned on a wet/dry vac to remove water from the bilge. It is suspected a spark may have ignited gasoline vapors. The father suffered second- and third-degree burns over 75 percent of his body, while his 11-year-old son, who had been assisting, suffered severe burns to the legs.
• Sea Tow Miami responded to a July 4th call for help from a Good Samaritan who saw a vessel taking on water and about to sink with six adults and two children around 8-years-old aboard. Capt. Fernando Sordo headed out only to encounter scores of boats returning from various on-water fireworks shows. Nonetheless, he arrived on scene in about five minutes to help the stranded boaters safely board a nearby boater's vessel. Capt. Sordo pumped out the sinking boat and saved it, then towed the vessel safely to shore.
As many of these and other recent incidents clearly demonstrate, it's important that all boaters follow some basic, commonsense rules on the water. Sea Tow and the Sea Tow Foundation, a nonprofit organization founded to promote boating safety, offer boaters the following reminders for the rest of the July 4th holiday week:
• Wear Your Lifejacket. They are proven to save lives and are mandatory for all children under age 13 on the water in a recreational boat.
• Designate a Sober Skipper to drive the boat at all times. It is against federal law and most state laws for a person with a blood alcohol centration (BAC) or .08 or higher to operate a recreational vessel.
• Follow Proper Fueling Procedures. Always turn off your motor when fueling. For boats with enclosed cabins, windows always should be closed during fueling. And always properly vent enclosed engine compartments after fueling and before restarting the motor(s).
• Be Courteous and Watch Your Wake. Obey "No-Wake" zones in order to avoid causing damage to docked vessels and injury to marine life. Always reduce your speed when passing vessels in narrow channels. If your vessel throws a large wake, be aware of fellow boaters and take care not to swamp smaller vessels while underway.
• Download the Sea Tow App. Sea Tow Captains report that boaters calling for help often don't know their exact location while on the water. With the new Sea Tow App, you can have your GPS location in the palm of your hand and call for assistance with a swipe of your thumb. The App also lets you monitor current weather conditions and tides, as well as performing other useful functions. Visit www.seatow.com/app to download the Sea Tow App.
Maritime Today
The Maritime Industry's original and most viewed E-News Service
The U.S. Coast Guard says it is continuing to monitor the condition of the chemical tanker Chem Venus, after it allided with three unoccupied, moored sailboats
Donjon-Smit, LLC, an OPA-90 Alliance, announced that after a recent Board of Directors meeting Tim Williamson has been promoted to General Manager of Donjon-Smit,
The U.S. Coast Guard has opened the Red River from mile marker 40 to mile marker 42 for vessel traffic, Monday.
The Red River had been closed due to a barge that had run aground at mile marker 41,
Permanent Court of Arbitration ruling set for July 12.
An international court said it would deliver a hotly anticipated ruling in the Philippines' case against
Bernhard Schulte Shipmanagement is proud to announce that it has received US Coast Guard (USCG) Qualship 21 Program approval for the BSM India-managed, Algoma-owned
Stuart Edmonston, Head of Loss Prevention at UK P&I Club, together with Hellenic War Risks and Terra Firma Risk Management, highlights the growth of piracy in the
ClassNK has established ClassNK Archive Center (NKAC), the maritime industry's first onshore digital archive center that fully complies with IMO Goal-based ship
While the matter of maritime piracy has seemingly subdued from its high profile peaks of a few years ago, Stuart Edmonston, Head of Loss Prevention at UK P&I Club,


text:
Prime Focus, a global visual entertainment company with 17 facilities in India, the UK and North America, has begun using Aspera's fasp transport technology for fast, secure, reliable digital file-sharing across three continents.
Prime Focus is relying on Aspera software to enable global production of rich media content for film, broadcast, online media and gaming industries. The entertainment company provides customers with CLEAR, a Web-based media asset and workflow management platform that offers the flexibility to share and manage content globally in a secure manner. The Aspera software solution is now embedded within the CLEAR platform for added security, speed and end-to-end visibility and management of file transfers.
Tucson TV Reporters Face Child Abuse Charge
INCOMPAS/Verizon: 50 Mbps Should Be Business Data Services Table Stakes
Albrecht Reups at Starz, Adds President Title
Chris Albrecht Staying With Starz Through 2020
Face-to-Face Meeting Rejected, Redstone Says
INCOMPAS/Verizon: 50 Mbps Should Be BDS Table Stakes
Uefa picks Gearhouse for Euro TOCs
BBC moves to HbbTV
Veset, Pebble Beach Systems, Netgem join TVBEurope 2020
This Video Breaks Down the Psychology Behind Cinematic Color Choices
Roberto Miervini's 'The Other Side' Blurs Line Between Documentary and Fiction
This Video Essay Deciphers the Themes of 'High-Rise'