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Pension Vitalhof Hirben, Alto Adige - South Tyrol (area)
- Free buffet breakfast, free WiFi in lobby, and free parking
Main amenities
- 20 smoke-free guestrooms
- Full-service spa
- Outdoor pool
- Free train station pick-up
- Bar/lounge
- Sauna
- Terrace
- Garden
- Library
- Front desk safe
- Multilingual staff
- Limited hour front desk
For families
- Television
- Free toiletries
- Garden
- Terrace
- Hair dryer
- Free self parking
What's around
- Gustav Mahler Zoo (2.5 mi / 4 km)
- Church of San Giovanni Battista (2.9 mi / 4.7 km)
- Herbstenburg Castle (3 mi / 4.8 km)
- Welsperg Castle (4.1 mi / 6.7 km)
- Lake Dobbiaco (4.7 mi / 7.6 km)
Pension Vitalhof Hirben, Alto Adige - South Tyrol (area)
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $106
- Standard Double Room
- Comfort Apartment, 1 Bedroom, Non Smoking, Mountain View
- Standard Single Room
- Quadruple Room
- Comfort Apartment, 2 Bedrooms, Non Smoking, Mountain View
- Triple Room
- Comfort Apartment, 2 Bedrooms, Mountain View, Garden Area
- Comfort Apartment, 1 Bedroom, Mountain View, Garden Area
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 20 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 2 floors
- Check-in time 3 PM-9 PM
- Check-out time is 10 AM
- Express check-in/out
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free train station pickup *
- Free self parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby Three Star Alto Adige - South Tyrol (area) hotels
In the hotel
- Free buffet breakfast
- Bar/lounge
- Outdoor seasonal pool
- Outdoor pool
- Full-service spa
- Sauna
- Pool sun loungers
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Garden
- Terrace
- Library
- Television in common areas
In the room
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Desk
- Phone
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
Top Alto Adige - South Tyrol (area) hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Alto Adige - South Tyrol (area)
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"Request a room on the back of the hotel--amazing view to the north and get away from the street noise."Jun 8, 2016
- Cristallo Hotel Spa & GolfFrom
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Special features
Guests can indulge in a pampering treatment at the hotel's full-service spa. Services include massages.
On Site
- Sauna
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Mountain biking nearby
- Ski lessons available nearby
- Ski equipment rental shops nearby
- Cross-country skiing nearby
- Downhill skiing nearby
- Snowboarding nearby
- Snowshoeing nearby
Pension Vitalhof Hirben, Alto Adige - South Tyrol (area)'s small print
Also known as
- Pension Vitalhof Hirben
- Pension Vitalhof Hirben Hotel
- Pension Vitalhof Hirben Hotel Villabassa
- Pension Vitalhof Hirben Villabassa
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
This property does not have elevators.
For transfers, guests must contact the property before arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Reservations are required for massage services and spa treatments and can be made by contacting the property before arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 1 per person, per night. This tax does not apply to children under 14 years of age.
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for EUR 30 per night
Cribs/Infant beds are available for EUR 20 per night
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
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In episode 05 of Mahabharat aired on 20th September 2013, Ambika and Ambalika give birth to boys Vichitravirya dies under mysterious circumstances. Bhishma questions Suryanarayan about Vichitravirya's death and accuses him of destroying his family. Satyavati promises Ambika and Ambalika that their sons will ascend the throne with the help of Vyasa. Amba gains the attention of Parashurama. Ambika and Ambalika give birth to boys. Ambika's son is found to be blind, which leaves her devastated. Bhishma consoles her. Amba strives to seek justice. Will Amba get justice from Parashurama? To know more, keep watching Mahabharat...
Chakravartin Ashoka SamratEpisode 374 - 30th June 2016
Bollywood NewsAmrita Arora Doesn't Want To Talk About Malaika Arora Khan And Arbaaz Khan | Bollywood News
Savdhan IndiaEpisode 1530 - 30th June 2016
Bollywood NewsSalman Khan ACCUSED Of Copying Dance Moves, Tiger Shroff CONFESSES His Love For Disha Patani & More
Hindi SongsMaati Ka Palang | Full Audio Song | NH10
Kumkum BhagyaEpisode 581 - 30th June 2016

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 29, 2000
|Filing date
|Jul 30, 1998
|Priority date
|Jul 31, 1997
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Eduard Michel, Ruediger Baur, Hans-Tobias Macholdt
|Original Assignee
|Clariant Gmbh
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (11), Non-Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (25), Classifications (18), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention is within the technical field of charge control agents in toners and developers for electrophotographic recording processes, in powders and powder coating materials for surface coating, in electret materials, especially in electret fibers, and in separation processes.
In electrophotographic recording processes a latent charge image is produced on a photoconductor. This latent charge image is developed by applying an electrostatically charged toner which is then transferred to, for example, paper, textiles, foils or plastic and is fixed by means, for example, of pressure, radiation, heat or the action of solvent. Typical toners are one- or two-component powder toners (also known as one- or two-component developers); also used are specialty toners, such as magnetic toners, liquid toners or polymerization toners, for example. By polymerization toners are meant those toners which are formed by, for example, suspension polymerization (condensation) or by emulsion polymerization and which lead to improved particle properties in the toner.
Also meant are those toners produced in principle in nonaqueous dispersions.
One measure of the quality of a toner is its specific charge q/m (charge per unit mass). In addition to the sign and level of the electrostatic charge, the principal, decisive quality criteria are the rapid attainment of the desired charge level and the constancy of this charge over an extended activation period. In addition to this, the insensitivity of the toner to climatic effects such as temperature and atmospheric humidity is a further important criterion for its suitability.
Both positively and negatively chargeable toners are used in copiers and laser printers, depending on the type of process and type of apparatus.
To obtain electrophotographic toners or developers having either a positive or negative charge, it is common to add charge control agents. Since the charge of toner binders is in general heavily dependent on the activation period, the function of a charge control agent is, on the one hand, to set the sign and level of the toner charge and, on the other hand, to counteract the charge drift of the toner binder and to provide for constancy of the toner charge.
Charge control agents which are not able to prevent the toner or developer from showing a high charge drift (aging) during a prolonged period of use, and which may even cause the toner or developer to undergo charge inversion, are hence unsuitable for practical use.
While for black toners it is possible to employ black, blue or dark charge control agents, coloristic factors demand, for color toners, charge control agents that have no inherent color.
In the case of full color toners, in addition to the precisely defined requirements in terms of color, the three toners, yellow, cyan and magenta, must also be matched exactly to one another in terms of their triboelectric properties, since they are transferred in succession in the same apparatus.
It is known that some colorants may have a sustained effect on the triboelectric charge of toners. Because of the different triboelectric effects of colorants and the resulting effect, sometimes very pronounced, on toner chargeability, it is not possible to simply add the colorants to a toner base formulation made available at the start. On the contrary, it may be necessary to make available for each colorant an individual formulation to which the nature and amount of the required charge control agent are specifically tailored.
Since this procedure is highly laborious, there is a need for highly effective, colorless charge control agents which are able to compensate for the different triboelectric characteristics of different colorants and to give the toner the desired charge. In this way, colorants which are very different triboelectrically can be employed in the various toners required (yellow, cyan, magenta and if desired black) using one and the same charge control agent, on the basis of a toner base formulation made available at the start.
Another important practical requirement is that the charge control agents should have high thermal stability and good dispersibility. Typical temperatures at which charge control agents are incorporated into the toner resins, when using kneading apparatus or extruders, are between 100� C. and 200� C. Correspondingly, thermal stability at 200� C. is a great advantage. It is also important for the thermal stability to be ensured over a relatively long period (about 30 minutes) and in a variety of binder systems. This is significant because matrix effects occur again and again and lead to the premature decomposition of the charge control agent in the toner resin, causing the toner resin to turn dark yellow or dark brown and the charge control effect to be wholly or partly lost. Typical toner binders are addition polymerization, polyaddition and polycondensation resins, such as styrene, styrene-acrylate, styrene-butadiene, acrylate, polyester and phenol-epoxy resins, and also cycloolefin copolymers, individually or in combination, which may also include further components, examples being colorants, such as dyes and pigments, waxes or flow assistants, or may have these components added subsequently, such as highly disperse silicas.
For good dispersibility it is of great advantage if the charge control agent has minimal waxlike properties, no tackiness, and a melting or softening point of >150� C., more preferably >200� C. Tackiness leads frequently to problems in the course of the metered addition of the charge control agent to the toner formulation, and low melting or softening points may result in a failure to attain homogeneous distribution in the course of dispersing, since the material coalesces in droplets in the carrier material.
Apart from their use in electrophotographic toners and developers, charge control agents may also be used to improve the electrostatic charge of powders and coating materials, especially in triboelectrically or electrokinetically sprayed powder coatings as are used to coat surfaces of articles made from, for example, metal, wood, plastic, glass, ceramic, concrete, textile material, paper or rubber. Power coating technology is used, for example, when coating articles such as garden furniture, camping equipment, domestic appliances, vehicle parts, refrigerators and shelving and for coating workpieces of complex shape. The powder coating material, or the powder, receives its electrostatic charge, in general, by one of the two following processes:
In the corona process, the powder coating material or the powder is guided past a charged corona and is charged in the process; in the triboelectric or electrokinetic process, the principle of frictional electricity is utilized.
The powder coating material or the powder in the spray apparatus receives an electrostatic charge which is opposite to the charge of its friction partner, generally a hose or spray line made, for example, from polytetrafluoroethylene.
It is also possible to combine the two processes. Typical powder coating resins employed are epoxy resins, carboxyl- and hydroxyl-containing polyester resins, polyurethane resins and acrylic resins, together with the customary hardeners. Resin combinations are also used. For example, epoxy resins are frequently employed in combination with carboxyl- and hydroxyl-containing polyester resins.
Examples of typical hardener components for epoxy resins are acid anhydrides, imidazoles and dicyandiamide, and derivatives thereof. Examples of typical hardener components for hydroxyl-containing polyester resins are acid anhydrides, blocked isocyanates, bisacylurethanes, phenolic resins and melamine resins. For carboxyl-containing polyester resins, typical hardener components are, for example, triglycidyl isocyanurates or epoxy resins. Typical hardener components used in acrylic resins are, for example, oxazolines, isocyanates, triglycidyl isocyanurates or dicarboxylic acids.
The disadvantage of insufficient charging can be seen above all in triboelectrically or electrokinetically sprayed powders and powder coating materials which have been prepared using polyester resins, especially carboxyl-containing polyesters, or using so-called mixed powders, also referred to hybrid powders. By mixed powders are meant powder coating materials whose resin base comprises a combination of epoxy resin and carboxyl-containing polyester resin. The mixed powders form the basis for the powder coating materials used most commonly in practice. Inadequate charging of the abovementioned powders and powder coating materials results in an inadequate deposition rate and inadequate throwing power on the workpiece to be coated. The term "throwing power" is a measure of the extent to which a powder or powder coating material is deposited on the workpiece to be coated, including its rear faces, cavities, fissures and, in particular, its inner edges and corners.
It has additionally been found that charge control agents are able to improve considerably the charging and the charge stability properties of electret materials, especially electret fibers (DE-A-43 21 289). Electret fibers have hitherto been described mainly in connection with the problem of filtering very fine dusts. The filter materials described differ both in respect of the materials of which the fibers consist and with regard to the manner in which the electrostatic charge is applied to the fibers. Typical electret materials are based on polyolefins, halogenated polyolefins, polyacrylates, polyacrylonitriles, polystyrenes or fluoropolymers, for example polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and perfluorinated ethylene and propylene, or on polyesters, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyimides, polyether ketones, on polyarylene sulfides, especially polyphenylene sulfides, on polyacetals, cellulose esters, polyalkylene terephthalates and mixtures thereof. Electret materials, especially electret fibers, can be used, for example, to filter (very fine) dusts. The electret materials can receive their charge in a variety of ways, for instance by corona or triboelectric charging.
It is additionally known that charge control agents can be used in electrostatic separation processes, especially in processes for the separation of polymers. For instance, using the example of the externally applied charge control agent trimethylphenylammonium tetraphenylborate, Y. Higashiyama et al. (J. Electrostatics 30 (1993), pp. 203-212) describe how polymers can be separated from one another for recycling purposes. Without charge control agents, the triboelectric charging characteristics of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) are extremely similar. Following the addition of charge control agent, LDPE takes on a highly positive and HDPE a highly negative charge, and the materials can thus be separated easily. In addition to the external application of the charge control agents it is also possible to conceive in principle of their incorporation into the polymer in order, for example, to shift the position of the polymer within the triboelectric voltage series and to obtain a corresponding separation effect. In this way it is likewise possible to separate other polymers, such as polypropylene (PP) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and/or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), from one another.
Salt minerals, for example, can likewise be separated with particularly good selectivity if they are surface-treated beforehand (surface conditioning) with an additive which improves the substrate-specific electrostatic charging (A. Singewald, L. Ernst, Zeitschrift fur Physikal. Chem., Neue Folge, Vol. 124, (1981) pp. 223-248).
Charge control agents are employed, furthermore, as electroconductivity providing agents (ECPAs) for inks in inkjet printers (JP 05 163 449-A).
Charge control agents are known from numerous literature references. However, the charge control agents known to date have a number of disadvantages, which severely limit their use in practice or even, in some cases, render it impossible; examples of such disadvantages are inherent color, instability to heat or light, low stability in the toner binder, inadequate activity in terms of the desired sign of the charge (positive or negative charging), charge level or charge constancy, and dispersibility.
The object of the present invention was thus to find improved, particularly effective, colorless charge control agents. The intention is that the compounds should not only permit the rapid attainment and constancy of the charge but should also be of high thermal stability. Furthermore, these compounds should be readily dispersible, without decomposition, in various toner binders employed in practice, such as polyesters, polystyrene-acrylates or polystyrene-butadienes/epoxy resins and also cycloolefin copolymers. In addition, the compounds should be ecologically and toxicologically unobjectionable, i.e. nontoxic and free from heavy metals. Furthermore, their action should be independent of the resin/carrier combination, in order to open up broad applicability. They should likewise be readily dispersible, without decomposition, in common powder coating binders and electret materials, such as polyester (PES), epoxy, PES-epoxy hybrid, polyurethane, acrylic systems and polypropylenes, and should not cause any discoloration of the resins.
It has surprisingly now been found that inter-polyelectrolyte complexes (IPECs for short), frequently referred to just as polyelectrolyte complexes, possess good charge control properties and high thermal stability. Furthermore, these compounds are preferentially without inherent color and have good dispersibility in customary toner, powder coating and electret binders.
By IPECs are meant compounds held together by essentially ionic interactions (saltlike compounds) composed of an anionic macromolecule (polyanion) and a cationic macromolecule (polycation). They can be divided into stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes. The former comprise a molar ratio of from 0.9:1.1 to 1.1:0.9, for example approximately 1:1, between cationic and anionic groups in the formation of a polymer salt, whereas in the nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes only some of the ionic groups of one polyelectrolyte component are satisfied by oppositely charged groups of the second component; the remainder are neutralized by ions of low molecular mass, examples being metal cations or inorganic anions. The nonstoichiometric IPECs are formed when the amount of a second component (guest polyelectrolyte) added to the existing solution of a first polymer component (host polyelectrolyte) is substoichiometric, i.e. under conditions where some of the ionic groups on the host macromolecule are still neutralized by counterions of low molecular mass. Such IPECs are water-soluble especially when the second component added has a substantially lower degree of polymerization than the first, existing component, and hence such a macromolecule of the second component is able to saturate, in terms of charge, only part of the polymer chain of the other component.
IPECs are known per se and are described, for example, in:
V. A. Kabanov, "Basic Properties of Soluble lnterpolyelectrolyte Complexes Applied to Bioengineering and Cell Transformations", in: "Macromolecular Complexes in Chemistry and Biology" ed. by P. Dubin, J. Bock, R. M. Davies, D. N. Schulz and C. Thies, Springer Verlag, Berlin 1994; pp. 152 ff.;
B. Philipp et al., "Polyelektrolyt-Komplexe--Bildungsweise, Struktur und Anwendungsmoglichkeiten" [Polyelectrolyte Complexes--Formation, Structure and Possible Applications] Zeitschrift fur Chemie, (22) 1982, Volume 1, pp. 1-13.
IPECs find application, for example, as protein carriers, synthetic viruses, for purifying or separating proteins, as membrane materials, for influencing enzyme activities by means of complexing, and for encapsulating active substances by way of complex coacervation.
The present invention provides for the use of inter-polyelectrolyte complexes as charge control agents and charge improvers in electrophotographic toners and developers, in triboelectrically or electrokinetically sprayable powders and powder coating materials, and in electret materials.
For the purposes of the present invention, both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes can be employed. In the case of the nonstoichiometric complexes it is advantageous if the excess of the relatively long-chain host polyelectrolyte is at least 20% based on the total number of charges of the IPEC.
The IPEC employed in accordance with the invention can be prepared in accordance with the information given in the literature referred to above. IPECs can be prepared, for example, by combining dilute--for example, from 0.01 to 1 molar--aqueous solutions of a polybase and a polyacid, or by combining dilute aqueous solutions of the salts of a polyacid and polybase with their low molecular mass counterions and/or with the free polybase, or by adding an ionic monomer as low molecular mass counterion onto an oppositely charged macroion and then subjecting the monomer to free-radical (matrix) polymerization. It is advantageous if the polyanionic and polycationic component can be suspended or dissolved in the aqueous medium. The IPEC is isolated, for example, by precipitation from the aqueous medium, by spray drying or by evaporative concentration, preferably by precipitation.
In the case of amino-containing polymers it may be necessary to acidify the medium in order to produce the polycation; this is the case, for example, with chitosan. In the case of carboxyl- or sulfo-containing polymers it may be necessary to alkalify the medium in order to produce the polyanion. The IPECs employed in accordance with the invention may consist essentially of synthetic and/or natural polyanions and of synthetic and/or natural polycations. The polyanions or polycations may also be derivatives of natural substances.
Examples of polyanion-forming compounds are poly(styrenesulfonic acid), poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid), poly(maleic acid), poly(itaconic acid), poly(vinyl sulfate), poly(vinylsulfonic acid), poly(vinyl phosphate), poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid), poly(styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid), poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid), poly(phosphoric acid), poly(silicic acid), hectorite, bentonite, alginic acid, pectic acid, kappa-, lambda- and iota-carrageenans, xanthan, gum arabic, dextran sulfate, carboxymethyldextran, carboxymethylcellulose, cellulose sulfate, cellulose xanthogenate, starch sulfate and starch phosphate, lignosulfonates, karaya gum; polygalacturonic acid, polyglucuronic acid, polyguluronic acid, polymannuronic acid and copolymers thereof; chondroitin sulfate, heparin, heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate;
poly-(L)-glutamic acid, poly-(L)-aspartic acid, acidic gelatins (A-gelatins); starch, amylose, amylopectin, cellulose, guar, gum arabic, karaya gum, guar gum, pullulan, xanthan, dextran, curdlan, gellan, carubin, agarose, chitin and chitosan derivatives having the following functional groups in various degrees of substitution:
carboxymethyl and carboxyethyl, carboxypropyl, 2-carboxyvinyl, 2-hydroxy-3-carboxypropyl, 1,3-dicarboxyisopropyl, sulfomethyl, 2-sulfoethyl, 3-sulfopropyl, 4-sulfobutyl, 5-sulfopentyl, 2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl, 2,2-disulfoethyl, 2-carboxy-2-sulfoethyl, maleate, succinate, phthalate, glutarate, aromatic and aliphatic dicarboxylates, xanthogenate, sulfate, phosphate, 2,3-dicarboxy, N,N-di(phosphatomethyl)aminoethyl, N-alkyl-N-phosphatomethylaminoethyl. These derivatives may additionlly comprise nonionic functional groups in various degrees of substitution, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl and 2-hydroxybutyl groups, for example, and also esters with aliphatic carboxylic acids (C2 to C18).
The molar mass of the polyanion-forming compounds can vary within wide limits, for example from Mw =1000 g/mol to Mw =100,000,000 g/mol.
Examples of polycation-forming compounds are poly(alkylenimines), especially poly(ethylenimine), poly-(4-vinylpyridine), poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinyl-N-C1 -C18 -alkylpyridinium salt), poly(2-vinyl-N-C1 -C18 -alkylpyridinium salt), polyallylamine, polyvinylamine, aminoacetylated polyvinyl alcohol; the polymeric ammonium salts described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,401,809, obtainable by homopolymerizing monomers of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which the radicals R1 to R12 independently of one another are a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl, a primary, secondary or tertiary amino radical, a cyano or nitro radical or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C1 -C18 -alkyl or C1 -C18 -alkoxy radical, and A- is an anion;
the polysulfone dialkylammonium salts described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,323, obtainable by copolymerizing salts of abovementioned dialkylammonium components of the formula (I) with sulfur dioxide;
poly-(L)-lysine, poly-(L)-arginine, poly(ornithine), basic gelatins (B-gelatins), chitosan; chitosan with various degrees of acetylation;
starch, amylose, amylopectin, cellulose, guar, gum arabic, karaya gum, guar gum, dextran, pullulan, xanthan, curdlan, gellan, carubin, agarose, chitin and chitosan derivatives having the following functional groups in various degrees of substitution:
2-aminoethyl, 3-aminopropyl, 2-dimethylaminoethyl, 2-diethylaminoethyl, 2-diisopropylaminoethyl, 2-dibutylaminoethyl, 3-diethylamino-2-hydroxypropyl, N-ethyl-N-methylaminoethyl, N-ethyl-N-methylaminopropyl, 2-diethylhexylaminoethyl, 2-hydroxy-2-diethylaminoethyl, 2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonionopropyl, 2-hydroxy-3-triethylammonionopropyl, 3-trimethylammonionopropyl, 2-hydroxy-3-pyridiniumpropyl and S,S-dialkylthioniumalkyl; these derivatives may additionally comprise nonionic functional groups in various degrees of substitution, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 2-hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl and 2-hydroxybutyl groups, for example, and also esters with aliphatic carboxylic acids (C2 to C18);
and also n,m-ionenes of the formula ##STR2## where n, m=1 to 20, x=3 to 1000; poly(aniline); poly(pyrrole); poly(viologens) of the formula ##STR3## where R=alkyl, aryl and y=3 to 1000 and also poly(amidoamines) based on piperazine.
The molar mass of the polycation-forming compounds can vary within wide limits, for example from Mw =500 g/mol to 108 g/mol.
Further examples of polyelectrolytes (anionic or cationic) are compounds of the formula ##STR4## where n=from 5 to 5�105 ;
R1 =H or CH3 ;
X=O or NH;
A=branched or linear alkylenes (C1 to C18) or arylenes e.g. phenylene or naphthylene;
Y=NR2 2, N.sup.⊕ R2 3 where R2 =C1 -C8 -alkyl; SO3.sup.⊖, COO.sup.⊖, phosphate; N.sup.⊕ R3 2 -A-COO.sup.⊖, N.sup.⊕ R3 2 -A-SO3.sup.⊖, N.sup.⊕ R3 2 -A-PO(OH)O.sup.⊖ where R3 =C1 -C8 -alkyl;
Z=anion, e.g. halide, methyl sulfate, sulfate, phosphate; or cation, e.g. metal cation such as Na+ or K+, or quaternary ammonium compound;
and also copolymers consisting of monomers of the abovementioned compounds and one of the following monomers in various compositions: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid alkyl(C1 -C18) esters, methacrylic acid alkyl(C1 -C18) esters, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, ethylene, styrene, butadiene, isoprene, vinyl chloride, propylene, maleic anhydride, maleic acid monoalkyl(C1 -C18) or dialkyl(C1 -C18) esters, alkyl(C1 -C18) vinyl ethers, vinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, vinylimidazole, N-vinyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinylpyrrolidone, mono- or dialkylated (C1 -C30) N-vinylpyrrolidone.
Particular preference is given to chitosan, which is usually formed by treating chitin with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, with cleavage of the N-acetyl bond. Chitosan with free amino groups is insoluble in water. By forming salts with acids chitosonium salts are formed which are water-soluble cationic polyelectrolytes. ##STR5##
The IPECs used in accordance with the invention can be matched precisely to the particular resin/toner system. A further factor is that the compounds employed in accordance with the invention are colorless and free-flowing and possess high and particularly constant charge control properties, good thermal stabilities and good dispersibilities. A further technical advantage of these compounds is that they are inert toward the various binder systems and can therefore be employed widely.
Dispersion means the distribution of one substance within another, i.e. in the context of the invention the distribution of a charge control agent in the toner binder, powder coating binder or electret material.
It is known that crystalline substances in their coarsest form are present as agglomerates. To achieve homogeneous distribution within the binder, these agglomerates must be disrupted by the dispersing operation into smaller aggregates or, ideally, into primary particles. The particles of charge control agent present in the binder following dispersion should be smaller than 1 μm, preferably smaller than 0.5 μm, with a narrow particle size distribution being of advantage.
For the particle size, defined by the d50 value, there are optimum ranges of activity depending on the material. For instance, coarse particles (˜1 mm) can in some cases not be dispersed at all or can be dispersed only with a considerable investment of time and energy, whereas very fine particles in the submicron range harbor a heightened safety risk, such as the possibility of dust explosion.
The particle size and form is established and modified either by the synthesis and/or by aftertreatment. The required property is frequently possible only through controlled aftertreatment, such as milling and/or drying. Various milling techniques are suitable for this purpose. Examples of advantageous technologies are air jet mills, cutting mills, hammer mills, bead mills and impact mills.
The binder systems mentioned in connection with the present invention are, typically, hydrophobic materials. High water contents in the charge control agent can either oppose wetting or else promote dispersion (flushing). The practicable moisture content is therefore specific to the particular material.
The compounds of the invention feature the following chemical/physical properties: The water content, determined by the Karl-Fischer method, is between 0.1% and 30%, preferably between 1 and 25% and, with particular preference, between 1 and 20%, it being possible for the water to be in adsorbed and/or bonded form, and for its proportion to be adjusted by the action of heat at up to 200� C. and reduced pressure down to 10-8 torr or by addition of water.
The particle size, determined by means of evaluation by light microscope, or by laser light scattering, and defined by the d50 value, is between 0.01 μm and 1000 μm, preferably between 0.1 and 500 μm and, with very particular preference, between 0.5 and 400 μm.
It is particularly advantageous if milling results in a narrow particle size. Preference is given to a range Δ (d95- d50) of less then 500 μm, in particular less than 200 μm.
The IPECs used in accordance with the invention, as colorless, readily dispersible charge control agents, are particularly suitable for color toners in combination with colorants. Suitable colorants in this context are inorganic pigments, organic dyes, organic color pigments, and also white colorants, such as TiO2 or BaSO4, pearl luster pigments and black pigments, based on carbon black or iron oxides.
The compounds used in accordance with the invention are incorporated individually or in combination with one another in a concentration of from 0.01 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight and, with particular preference, from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, based on the overall mixture, into the binder of the respective toner, developer, coating material, powder coating material, electret material or of the polymer which is to be electrostatically separated, said incorporation being by means of extrusion or kneading. In this context the compounds employed in accordance with the invention can be added as dried and milled powders, dispersions or solutions, presscakes, masterbatches, preparations, made-up pastes, as compounds applied from aqueous or nonaqueous solution to appropriate carriers such as silica gel, TiO2 or Al2 O3, for example, or in some other form. Similarly, the compounds used in accordance with the invention can also in principle be added even during the preparation of the respective binders, i.e. in the course of their addition polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation.
The present invention additionally provides an electrophotographic toner, powder or powder coating material comprising a customary binder, for example a styrene, styrene-acrylate, styrene-butadiene, acrylate, urethane, acrylic, polyester or epoxy resin or a combination of the latter two, and from 0.01 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight and, with particular preference, from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the electrophotographic toner, powder or powder coating material, of at least one inter-polyelectrolyte complex.
In the case of processes for the electrostatic separation of polymers and, in particular, of (salt) minerals the IPECs can also be applied, in the abovementioned quantities, externally, i.e. to the surface of the material to be separated.
The mol* data relate to average charge units, i.e. the "monomer unit" is regarded as being those sections which carry precisely one charge. Percentages are by weight.
20 g of a 25% strength aqueous solution of poly(vinylsulfonic acid) Na salt (0.038 mol*, average molar mass about 100,000 g/mol) were diluted with 250 ml of deionized water, with stirring. Then, at room temperature and likewise with stirring, 15.5 g of a 40% strength aqueous solution of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (0.038 mol*, average molar mass about 70,000 g/mol) in 100 ml of deionized water were added dropwise over the course of 10 minutes. A light brownish precipitate was formed. This precipitate was stirred for 1 hour, filtered off, washed repeatedly with deionized water and then dried at 60� C. and 100 mbar for 24 hours.
Yield: 8.9 g (79% of theory)
5 g (0.012 mol*) of diethylaminoethyl dextran (DEAE-dextran) (DS=0.63, average molar mass about 500,000 g/mol) were dissolved at room temperature in 250 ml of deionized water. Then, with stirring, 3.8 g (0.012 mol*) of carboxymethylcellulose (DS=0.78, average molar mass about 400,000 g/mol) were added dropwise over the course of 10 minutes. The resulting white precipitate was stirred for 1 hour, then filtered off, washed with 500 ml of deionized water and subsequently dried at 60� C. and 100 mbar for 24 hours.
DTA: 204� C. (decomposition point)
______________________________________Elemental calculated: 48.0% C, 7.0% H, 1.9% N, 43.1% O, 0% Naanalysis: found: 43.9% C, 7.1% H, 1.9% N, 46.4% O, 0.23%______________________________________ Na
7.5 g (0.047 mol*) of chitosan (average molar mass about 400,000 g/mol) were dissolved in 500 ml of 1% strength acetic acid, and then 1000 ml of deionized water were added to this solution. Subsequently, with stirring and at room temperature, 4.4 g (0.047 mol*) of poly(acrylic acid) Na salt (average molar mass about 30,000 g/mol), dissolved in 100 ml of deionized water, were added dropwise over the course of 10 minutes. The resulting white precipitate was stirred for one hour and then filtered off on a 250 μm sieve, washed and subsequently dried at 60� C. and 100 mbar for 24 hours. The ratio of chitosan to poly(acrylic acid) was found to be approximately 1:4.
5.0 g (0.116 mol*) of poly(ethylenimine), average molar mass about 750,000 g/mol, were dissolved in 300 ml of deionized water, with the addition of 20 ml of 90% strength acetic acid, with stirring and at room temperature. Then, likewise with stirring, a solution of 21.1 g (0.116 mol*) of poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Na salt, average molar mass about 70,000 g/mol, in 250 ml of deionized water was added dropwise over the course of 10 minutes. Toward the end of the dropwise addition, 200 ml of deionized water were added to the resulting white suspension in order to dilute it. The suspension was subsequently stirred for 1 hour, and filtered and the white precipitate was washed with 500 ml of deionized water and then dried at 60� C. and 100 mbar for 24 hours.
Yield: 21.9 g (76% of theory)
The preparation examples below were carried out in analogy to one of the above-described preparation examples but with different proportions. The amounts of the components added are summarized in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________Exam- Polycation Anal-ple Polyanion component and component ogousNo. amount*) and amount*) to Ex.______________________________________ 5 poly(styrenesulfonic acid), Na salt poly(DADMAC) 1 4.5 g (0.041 mol) 6.7 g (0.041 mol) DTA: 313� C. (decomposition point) 6 poly(acrylic acid), Na salt poly(DADMAC) 1 5.0 g (0.053 mol) 8.6 g (0.053 mol) 7 poly(styrenesulfonic acid-co- poly(DADMAC) 2 maleic acid 1:1), Na salt 4.4 g (0.088 mol) 10.0 g (0.088 mol) 8 poly(styrenesulfonic acid-co- poly(DADMAC) 1 maleic acid 3:1), Na salt 5.7 g (0.035 mol) 5.0 g (0.035 mol) 9 gum arabic poly(DADMAC) 2 10.0 g (0.015 mol) 2.4 g (0.015 mol)10 carboxymethylcellulose, Na salt poly(DADMAC) 1 (DS = 0.78) 10 g (0.032 mol) 5.2 g (0.032 mol)11 poly(styrenesulfonic acid-co- chitosan 3 maleic acid 3:1), Na salt 5.0 g (0.031 mol) 4.4 g (0.031 mol)12 gum arabic DEAE-dextran 1 8.5 g (0.012 mol) (DS = 0.63) 5.0 g (0.012 mol)13 poly(styrenesulfonic acid-co- chitosan 3 maleic acid 1:1), Na salt 5 g (0.031 mol) 3.6 g (0.031 mol)14 xanthan chitosan 3 10.9 g (0.016 mol) 2.5 g (0.016 mol)15 carboxymethylcellulose, Na salt chitosan 3 (DS = 0.78) 9.7 g (0.031 mol) 5.0 g (0.031 mol)16 carrageenan chitosan 3 8.2 g (0.031 mol) 5.0 g (0.031 mol)17 dextran sulfate, Na salt chitosan 3 11.6 g (0.031 mol) 5.0 g (0.031 mol)18 poly(acrylic acid), Na salt poly 4 10.9 g (0.116 mol) (ethylenimine) 5.0 g (0.116 mol)______________________________________ *)Molar amounts relate to the average charge unit DADMAC = Diallyldimethylammonium chloride DS = Degree of substitution DEAE = Diethylaminoethyl
Table 2 below gives various analytical data, by way of example, for the IPECs employed in accordance with the invention, on the basis of four of these compounds.
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________ H2 O DTA Particle size Inter-polyelectrolyte C content Tdecomp Co R distributionNo complex [mS] pH [%] [� C.] [pF] [Ω] d50 -Wert__________________________________________________________________________1 poly(DADMAC) + 10.39 4.25 10.7 313 4.4 <105 223 μm poly(styrenesulfonic acid)2 chitosan + xanthan 1.60 4.63 10.5 218 3.86 4 � 106 372 μm3 DEAE-dextran + 0.31 5.92 2.5 204 -- -- -- carboxymethylcellulose4 chitosan + poly(acrylic acid) 1.97 5.0 4.2 278 -- -- --__________________________________________________________________________ C = Conductivity Co = Capacitance
In the following use examples the following toner binders and carriers are employed:
Toner Binders:
Resin 1: 60:40 styrene-methacrylate copolymer
Resin 2: Bisphenol-based polyester (�Almacryl resin)
Carrier 1: Styrene-methacrylate copolymer-coated magnetite particles of size 50 to 200 μm (bulk density 2.62 g/cm3) (FBM 100 A; from Powder Techn.).
Carrier 2: Silicone-coated ferrite particles of size 50 to 100 μm (bulk density 2.75 g/cm3) (FBM 96-110; from Powder Techn.)
1 part of each IPEC is incorporated homogeneously over the course of 45 minutes, using a kneader, into 99 parts of a toner binder (60:40 styrene-methacrylate copolymer, resin 1, �Dialec S 309). The composition is then milled on a laboratory universal mill and subsequently classified in a centrifugal classifier. The desired particle fraction (4 to 25 μm) is activated with a carrier (Carrier 1).
1 part of each IPEC is incorporated homogeneously over the course of 45 minutes, using a kneader, into 99 parts of a toner binder (biphenyl-based polyester, resin 2, �Almacryl resin). The composition is then milled on a laboratory universal mill and subsequently classified in a centrifugal classifier. The desired particle fraction (4 to 25 μm) is activated with Carrier 2.
Electrostatic Testing:
Measurement is carried out on a customary q/m measurement stand. By using a sieve having a mesh size of 50 μm it is ensured that no carrier is entrained when the toner is blown out. Measurements are carried out at 50% relative atmospheric humidity. The q/m values [μC/g] are measured as a function of the activation period. The q/m values are given in Table 3. The amounts of IPEC are in each case 1% by weight.
TABLE 3______________________________________IPEC fromPreparation q/m [μC/g] after activation time ofExample No. Resin Carrier 10 min 30 min 2 h 24 h______________________________________1 1 1 -9.8 -21.5 -36.3 -35.32 1 1 -10.8 -17.7 -30.4 -32.93 1 1 -16.7 -22.0 -28.7 -30.04 2 2 -10.2 -7.4 -6.9 -6.45 1 1 -10.0 -20.0 -33.4 -38.86 1 1 -13.2 -24.5 -36.3 -41.27 1 1 -9.9 -16.1 -32.2 -37.98 1 1 -8.4 -15.1 -31.1 -38.39 1 1 -8.8 -16.5 -28.6 -32.010 1 1 -8.1 -13.3 -24.1 -32.611 1 1 -5.6 -11.7 -22.9 -32.012 1 1 -12.6 -20.2 -28.7 -27.113 1 1 -15.5 -19.6 -26.5 -31.314 1 1 -6.5 -11.2 -18.0 -24.815 1 1 -7.2 -12.8 -22.4 -29.516 1 1 -5.2 -8.0 -12.1 -13.417 1 1 -8.9 -14.0 -21.1 -22.118 2 2 -15.0 -13.1 -12.8 -12.6______________________________________
Use Examples for Triboelectric Powder Spraying:
1 part of the compound from Preparation Example 6 was incorporated homogeneously into 99 parts of a powder coating binder (resin 1), as described for Use Examples 1 to 3. The triboelectric spraying of the powders (powder coating materials) was carried out with a spraying apparatus such as the �Tribo Star from Intec (Dortmund, Germany), having a standard spraying pipe and a star-shaped interior rod, at maximum powder throughput with a spray pressure of 3 and 5 bar. For this purpose, the article to be sprayed was suspended in a spraybooth and sprayed directly from the front from a distance of about 20 cm without further movement of the spraying apparatus. The respective charge of the sprayed powder was subsequently measured with a device from Intec for measuring the triboelectric charge of powders. For the measurement, the antenna of the measuring device was held directly in the cloud of powder emerging from the spraying device. The current strength resulting from the electrostatic charge of powder coating or powder was indicated in μA. The deposition rate was subsequently determined, in %, by differential weighing of the sprayed and deposited powder coating material.
______________________________________Pressure [bar] Current [μA] Deposition rate [%]______________________________________3 2.2-2.6 45.65 4.2-4.6 43.6______________________________________
The procedure of Use Example 19 was repeated but using the IPEC from Preparation Example 4 and Resin 2.
______________________________________Pressure [bar] Current [μA] Deposition rate [%]______________________________________3 0.4-0.7 17.25 0.4-0.7 30.7______________________________________
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 17, 1991
|Feb 16, 1993
|Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
|Polymeric ammonium compounds as charge control agents
|Jun 9, 1992
|May 24, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner compositions containing complexed ionomeric materials
|Dec 3, 1993
|Mar 28, 1995
|Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
|Polymer ammonium borates and processes for their preparation
|Apr 27, 1995
|Mar 19, 1996
|Hoechst Ag
|Charge control with cyclic polysulfonyldially ammonium salts
|Sep 21, 1994
|Mar 26, 1996
|Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
|Polyester salts and their use as charge control agents
|Feb 14, 1997
|Aug 4, 1998
|Xerox Corporation
|Pigmented ink compositions containing liposomes
|Jun 26, 1993
|Jan 5, 1995
|Hoechst Ag
|Electret fibres with improved charge stability, manufacture thereof, and textile material containing same
|Sep 19, 1991
|Mar 25, 1992
|Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
|Polymeric ammonium compounds as charge directors
|Jun 8, 1993
|Dec 29, 1993
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner compositions containing complexed ionomeric materials
|Sep 2, 1994
|Mar 22, 1995
|Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
|Polyester salts and their use as charge control agent
|Title not available
|A. Singewald, L. Ernst, Zeitschrift fur Physikal. Chem., Neue Folge, vol. 124, (1981) pp. 223 248.
|A. Singewald, L. Ernst, Zeitschrift fur Physikal. Chem., Neue Folge, vol. 124, (1981) pp. 223-248.
|B. Philipp et al., "Polyelektrolyt-Komplexe-Bildungsweise, Struktur und Anwendungsmoglichkeiten" [Polyelectrolyte Complexes-Formation, Structure and Possible Application] Zeitschrift fur Chemie, (22) 1982 vol. 1, pp. 1-13.
|B. Philipp et al., Polyelektrolyt Komplexe Bildungsweise, Struktur und Anwendungsmoglichkeiten Polyelectrolyte Complexes Formation, Structure and Possible Application Zeitschrift fur Chemie, (22) 1982 vol. 1, pp. 1 13.
|Derwent Abstracts.
|V.A. Kabanov, "Basic Properties of Soluble Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes Applied to Bioengineering and Cell Transformations", in "Macromolecular Complexes in Chemistry and Biology" ed. by P. Dubin, J. Bock, R.M. Davies, D.N. Schulz and C. Theis, Springer Verlag, Berlin 1994; pp.152 ff.
|V.A. Kabanov, Basic Properties of Soluble Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes Applied to Bioengineering and Cell Transformations , in Macromolecular Complexes in Chemistry and Biology ed. by P. Dubin, J. Bock, R.M. Davies, D.N. Schulz and C. Theis, Springer Verlag, Berlin 1994; pp.152 ff.
|Y. Higashiyama et al. (J. Electrostatics 30(1993), pp. 203 212.
|Y. Higashiyama et al. (J. Electrostatics 30(1993), pp. 203-212.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 12, 2000
|May 21, 2002
|Clariant Gmbh
|Cyan pigments in electrophotographic toners and developers
|Nov 16, 2001
|Jun 18, 2002
|Clariant Gmbh
|Use of improved cyan pigments in inkjet inks
|Nov 1, 2001
|Apr 18, 2006
|Clariant Gmbh
|Use of coated pigment granules in electrophotographic toners and developers, powder coatings and inkjet inks
|Nov 27, 2000
|Dec 18, 2007
|Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh
|Use of salt-like structured silicas as charge control agents
|Feb 21, 2003
|Jun 9, 2009
|Kao Corporation
|Antifouling detergent for hard surfaces
|Jul 9, 2003
|Aug 4, 2009
|Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh
|Use of salts of layered double hydoxides
|Jul 9, 2003
|Nov 3, 2009
|Clariant Produkte ( Deutschland) GmbH
|Use of salts of layered double hydroxides as charge control agents
|Oct 21, 2003
|Nov 24, 2009
|Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh
|Blue dye with particularly high purity and positive triboelectric control effect
|Mar 26, 2009
|May 22, 2012
|Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Method for producing negative charging toner
|Jul 12, 2006
|Apr 16, 2013
|Basf Se
|Polyelectrolyte complexes as thickeners for high ionic strength salt solutions
|Dec 14, 2011
|Sep 3, 2013
|Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
|Charge-dynamic polymers and delivery of anionic compounds
|Nov 21, 2011
|Nov 5, 2013
|Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
|Ultrathin multilayered films for controlled release of anionic reagents
|Jul 9, 2003
|Dec 15, 2005
|Eduard Michel
|Use of salts of layered double hydroxides as charge control agents
|Jul 9, 2003
|Jan 26, 2006
|Eduard Michel
|Use of salts of layered double hydoxides
|Feb 21, 2003
|Mar 16, 2006
|Shin Aihara
|Antifouling detergent for hard surfaces
|Oct 21, 2003
|May 18, 2006
|Eduard Michel
|Blue dye with particularly high purity and positive triboelectric control effect
|Oct 9, 2008
|Apr 23, 2009
|Lynn David M
|Ultrathin Multilayered Films for Controlled Release of Anionic Reagents
|Mar 26, 2009
|Oct 1, 2009
|Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Method for Producing Negative Charging Toner
|Nov 23, 2009
|Apr 15, 2010
|Battelle Memorial Institute
|Readily Deinkable Toners
|Jul 12, 2006
|May 6, 2010
|Zhiqiang Song
|Polyelectrolyte complexes as thickeners for high ionic strength salt solutions
|Sep 29, 2008
|Sep 23, 2010
|Institut Fuer Holztechnologie Ggmbh
|Coating for wood materials and method for the production therof
|Nov 21, 2011
|Mar 15, 2012
|Lynn David M
|Ultrathin Multilayered Films for Controlled Release of Anionic Reagents
|Feb 27, 2004
|Nov 23, 2005
|Battelle Memorial Institute
|Readily deinkable toners
|Feb 27, 2004
|Sep 10, 2004
|Battelle Memorial Institute
|Readily deinkable toners
|Sep 4, 2014
|Mar 12, 2015
|Ceradis B.V.
|Paint composition comprising a polyelectrolyte complex
|U.S. Classification
|430/108.22, 430/108.2, 430/137.1, 977/776, 430/108.1
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 26, 2003
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 13, 2006
Owner name: CLARIANT PRODUKTE (DEUTSCHLAND) GMBH, GERMANY
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CLARIANT GMBH;REEL/FRAME:018627/0100
Effective date: 20051128
|Jul 9, 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Oct 10, 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Feb 29, 2012
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Apr 17, 2012
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20120229


text:
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Relevant offers
Small Business
Kiwi small businesses should be looking to supply skills to rapidly expanding Australian SME sector where firms are finding it tough-going hiring people with the attributes they need.
A recent Australian survey has found that overseas staffing - where firms contract workers with the skills they need for a certain period or project - is helping Australian SMEs grow faster.
The survey by MicroSourcing Australasia, an Asia-based company which specialises in matching SMEs to skilled staff in the Philippines, found that 45 per cent of Australian SMEs that have engaged overseas staff have seen their local workforce grow.
MicroSourcing Australasia managing director Ash Truscott said the availability of low-cost technology such as cloud computing and video conferencing had made this a cost-effective way of growing a business.
He added however that the weaker New Zealand dollar –and an extra two-hour time difference - meant the same growth benefits were less likely to apply to New Zealand SMEs considering a similar move.
But Business NZ chief executive Phil O'Reilly said rather than using overseas staffing themselves, Kiwi SMEs should be trying to supply Australian businesses with the skills they need.
"What a great way to be a part of the Australian growth story, while keeping your base here. It's a brilliant opportunity for any business to build international capacity."
Kevin O'Neill, Australasian chief information officer for recruitment company Randstad, said there were already some instances of Australian companies outsourcing certain business tasks to New Zealand and that had potential to grow.
"If New Zealand can maintain a low cost base and invest in skills it could become a very attractive option."
Skills and services such as payroll functions and credit control could be of particular interest to Australian businesses looking for cost-effective solutions. Similar timezones and cultural similarities may make New Zealand a more attractive option than other traditional outsourcing countries, he said.
MicroSourcing's Truscott said there had been some initial resistance across the Ditch to the idea of Australian companies hiring overseas instead of locals.
"Off-shore staffing sometimes gets a bad name but in the SME sector at least it can provide a real boost to business growth. Offshore staffing is often the only avenue available to resource-constrained small business owners to access affordable talent, freeing up their time for productive uses."
Those most to gain include regional businesses who often have trouble attracting skilled staff to their neck of the woods.
The use of overseas staffing means a company can target specific skills as they need them, O' Neill said.
"An app design company for example can have a few high skilled staff rather than a huge bank of developers. It makes them very agile. And some of them are growing very quickly."
O'Reilly said the use of overseas staffing by NZ SMEs tended to be in a specific niche.
"It's really businesses who need specialised and highly-skilled staff which may be in short supply here or unaffordable for small businesses.
"Using skilled staff offshore can also add flexibility. A small business here may need a certain specialised skill set, but may not need them for 40 hours a week. Going offshore means they can pay for just the work they need doing."
He said overseas staffing had been happening for some time in New Zealand at that niche level, but technological advances had made it easier.
But he added, NZ SMEs were already taking advantage of other technologies such as social media and online advertising to reach a global market.
"There are other ways of using technology to boost your business that are less risky and not as complicated as offshore staffing, which can come with some problems; things like quality control."
- BusinessDay.co.nz
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Susan Hornsby-Geluk: Strong human rights law protects older workers
Kmart on the hunt for Invercargill premises
Disruption claims often overcooked – if you believe the hype
Inheritance lost: After war veteran's fortune wasted, judge demands explanation
Firefighters rush to Auckland Air Force Base
Photographer finally displays Taranaki photos from 29 years ago
Grieving family tells tourist driver to 'remember the good times' he had in NZ
Insurance advisers earn up to $340k a year switching customer insurance policies - FMA
Cupping 'therapy' leaves man with horrific blisters on his back - NZ experts react
'I look at your page and laugh': Anonymous messaging and teen image
Sorority sister gets life term for tossing newborn into trash to die
Hamilton shop's decision to give away free pregnancy tests raises ethical debate
Duncan Garner: I locked eyes with a monster - one of Moko's killers
Former model Christina Estrada's massive divorce settlement request
Queen Mary 2's $170m revamp: take the tour
Jet Airways passenger arrested after he forces flight attendant to take a selfie
How should we handle friends who lie?
Us Two: Jono and Ben - 'We're like a married couple'
Grieving family tells tourist driver to 'remember the good times' he had in NZ
Firefighters rush to Auckland Air Force Base
'I look at your page and laugh': Anonymous messaging and teen image
US mother killed by police after she shot two daughters to death, police say
Doctor 'fixated' on wrong diagnosis before his patient died, court hears
Boy racers back at it in Christchurch and no neighbourhood is safe
Inheritance lost: After war veteran's fortune wasted, judge demands explanation
Autopsy expected on body found in bale
Brexit vote proves costly for KiwiSaver members
Death tolls continue to rise after Istanbul Airport explosion in Turkey
Photographer finally displays Taranaki photos from 29 years ago
Do you feel better off than at this time last year?


text:
Unique Idea.
I can't say it's interesting but it's curiosity that makes me want to read this story. Will there be any plot or is it just a couple of stories sewn together?
One part I couldn't understand was how Blissey could talk to Nurse Joy. Is this set in an alternate world where Pokemon can talk English?


text:
Author: Moti Bassok
New rules, which are retroactive to January 1, will generate hundreds of millions of shekels, say officials.
The Tax Authority issued regulations on Sunday imposing taxes for the first time ever on foreign trusts as part of its campaign to tackle the black market and tax evasion.
The new rules, which go into effect retroactive to January 1, will tax all trusts established up to the end of last year by people residing abroad if the beneficiaries of the trusts are residents of Israel. Until now, income generated from assets held by foreign trusts was not taxed in Israel unless an Israeli beneficiary had an active role in managing the trust and distributing the benefits from it. Officials said they expected the new regulations would generate hundreds of millions of shekels a year in revenues for the government, if not more.
The new rules mark a dramatic step as Israel's Tax Authority cracks down on what it sees as increasingly creative tax avoidance. Its director, Moshe Asher, is engaging in a multifacted drive that encompasses everything from using databases to track down tax cheats by monitoring their spending to expanding reporting requirements to include more taxpayers. The government is also looking for ways to discourage the use of cash, which is often used for under-the-counter transactions.
Not only was the Tax Authority concerned that the trusts were creating a tax loophole, it also sought to equalize the tax treatment between people receiving benefits from abroad through a trust and those in Israel who get a direct gift from someone abroad, which has been subject to tax.
The new policy also contains transitional provisions based on the extent of a beneficiary's influence over a foreign trust. This was put in place in light of the fact that although the law previously imposed taxes on Israelis who were involved in managing foreign trusts, there had been problems identifying which trusts come within the scope of the regulations as well as problems in proving that any tax was owed.
The new regulations provide for three categories of trusts, each of which is taxed at rates ranging from a third to half of the income generated by the trust, although the rate can climb to as high as two-thirds during a specified period. Taxpayers will also be given the option of paying a 3% to 6% tax on the total assets of the trust, rather than the income generated from it.
As part of the transitional regulations, trustees will be allowed to establish a new cost basis and new acquisition date for the purposes of calculating the taxes they owe, under certain circumstances.
This article first appeared on haaretz.com.
2016/07/122016 VAT Fundamentals - Johannesburg
2016/07/132016 BDO: Transfer Pricing Workshop - Johannesburg
2016/07/132016 VAT Fundamentals - Durban
2016/07/142016 VAT Fundamentals - Pretoria
11 hours agoRegulations on carbon tax offsets give some clarity
2016/06/28Making friends of foes to improve tax compliance
2016/06/28Requests by SARS for relevant material
2016/06/28Five things you should know about tax season
Section 240A of the Tax Administration Act, 2011 (as amended) requires that all tax practitioners register with a recognized controlling body before 1 July 2013. It is a criminal offense to not register with both a recognized controlling body and SARS.
The Act requires that a minimum academic and practical requirments be set to register with a controlling body. Click here for the minimum requirements of SAIT.


text:
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melted butter, divided
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Calif. cop in prison for taking 'sex for ticket dismissal' bribe
Several women testified CHP officer had given them his cell number after writing them tickets, offering to 'work something out'
Associated Press
SAN DIEGO — A former California Highway Patrol officer convicted of dismissing a speeding ticket in exchange for sex has been sentenced to two years in prison.
Superior Court Judge Lia Foster on Friday sentenced 53-year-old Abram Carabajal for perjury and receiving a bribe, giving him a harsher sentence than the Probation Department recommended.
Prosecutors say Carabajal asked a traffic court judge to dismiss the case against Shirrin Zarrindej because he had not received the subpoena for her ticket.
He and Zarrindej later met at an Oceanside motel for sex.
Zarrindej was acquitted of subornation of perjury and bribery.
During the trial, several women testified Carabajal had given them his cell number after writing them tickets, offering to "work something out."
Copyright 2010 Associated Press
Copyright Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
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text:
didn't know what to expect, but i ordered the daily special and it was very good. would go back.
Ames Food
1. Red LobsterMenu
I had the New York Strip center-cut, yesterday at the Red Lobster in Ames. Excellent cut of meat, cooked to medium perfectly, and served piping hot.…
2. The CafeMenu
Dessert/Coffee shop on one side, full restaurant on the other side, and nice outdoor seating shared by both: this is a very nice and very popular pl…
3. Mandarin Restaurant
Tried this place last night and was highly impressed. The pork and beef meals were very tender and had excellent flavor. Great service and prices to…
4. Wallaby's Bar & Grille
2733 Stange RdAmes, IA 50010
From Business: Welcome and thank you for choosing Wallaby's Bar & Grille. An Ames fixture for sports fans and food enthusiasts since 1988, we pride ourselves in serving some of th…
5. The Great Plains Sauce & Dough CompanyMenu
Truly original pizza with substance. Bring some friends and enjoy!
6. Dublin Bay
320 S 16th StAmes, IA 50010
From Business: Dublin Bay is an Irish, family-style restaurant that offers a variety of appetizers, sandwiches, beverages, desserts and side dishes. The restaurant serves pork loi…
7. Flame 'n' Skewer
Great ambience and service and then the food is great also. You have to try the gyros, you will not be disappointed.
8. Bufords Steak House & BBQMenu
2601 E 13th StAmes, IA 50010
9. Okoboji GrillMenu
didn't know what to expect, but i ordered the daily special and it was very good. would go back.
10. Suburban RestaurantMenu
At first we are hesitant to eat because its seems like an ordinary restaurant but we are surprised that they serve the best steak! my experience mat…
11. Valentino'sMenu
823 Wheeler St # 1Ames, IA 50010
From Business: Founded in 1957, Valentino's of America Inc. runs a chain of pizza restaurants in the United States, with stores in 38 locations in six different U.S. states. Locat…
12. Culver'sMenu
525 Gilchrist StAmes, IA 50010
From Business: Culver s is a restaurant chain that traces its history back to 1984, when Craig and Lea Culver opened an establishment in Sauk City, Wis. Since then, the group has …
13. Aunt Maude'sMenu
A wonderful experience with friendly attentive staff and excellent food. I will certainly go again.
14. Grove CafeMenu
I miss the Grove Cafe! I went to Iowa State and had breakfast whenever I could at the Grove. The pumpkin pancakes are incredible! Great small town a…
15. B-Bop's
1112 S Duff AveAmes, IA 50010
From Business: Established in 1988, B-Bop's is a drive-through restaurant chain with locations in Des Moines, Ames, Altoona, Cedar Rapids and Ankany, Iowa. Its menu includes quart…
16. Hickory Park Restaurant Co - CateringMenu
If you head up to Ames and dine at Hickory Park, you won't be going home hungry. If you get a dinner, you will get generous sized portions on a larg…
17. Iowa StaterMenu
2100 Green Hills DrAmes, IA 50014
From Business: The IowaStater Restaurant is casual fine dining featuring local products with a full service bar highlighting Iowa craft beers, an extensive wine list and signature…
18. Chipotle Mexican Grill
435 S Duff Ave Ste 102Ames, IA 50010
19. Cafe BeaudelaireMenu
2504 Lincoln WayAmes, IA 50014
20. SpiceMenu
402 Main StAmes, IA 50010
21. Chinese Home Style CookingMenu
2702 Lincoln WayAmes, IA 50014
22. The Fighting Burrito
117 Welch AveAmes, IA 50014
From Business: The Flying Burrito is a restaurant that provides a variety of dining options for guests. The restaurant offers rice, tacos, quesadillas, burritos, beans, nachos and…
23. Cafe NorthwestMenu
114 Des Moines AveAmes, IA 50010
24. Patron Mexican Restaurant
120 Welch Ave Ste 101Ames, IA 50014
25. 888 Chinese RestaurantMenu
809 Wheeler StAmes, IA 50010
26. West Towne PubMenu
4518 Mortensen RdAmes, IA 50014
From Business: Conveniently located on Ames' west side, West Towne Pub is just a block off of Highway 30 at the intersection of South Dakota and Mortensen. Specializing in Good Fo…
27. Qdoba Mexican Grill - Burrito & Mexican Food CateringMenu
806 S Duff AveAmes, IA 50010
28. Cafe Milo
4800 Mortensen RdAmes, IA 50014
29. Texas Roadhouse
519 S Duff AveAmes, IA 50010
30. Thai KitchenMenu
2410 Chamberlain St Ste 1Ames, IA 50014


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Following the trend of other failed "green" energy companies, Abound Solar, a solar panel firm announced Thursday it will file for bankruptcy.
Following the three-year anniversary on which the U.S. House passed a national cap-and-trade system that would have limited greenhouse gas emissions, a federal appeals court ruled Tuesday that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is "unambiguously correct" in its legal rationale behind regulating greenhouse gases.
The Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit reinforced the EPA's holding that emissions linked to climate change present a veritable risk to public health and welfare. The court also upheld the agency's regulations on vehicles and new coal-production facilities while dismissing all challenges posed by businesses, industry groups, lawmakers, and other opponents of the new standards.
New Areas Open for Drilling in GulfWritten by Kelly Holt
The U.S. government opens new area of the central Gulf of Mexico for drilling, amid controversy from environmentalists, who claim that the move will further damage a fragile ecosystem, and have filed a lawsuit hoping to prevent more drilling.
The Obama administration is utilizing the U.S. prison system to help bolster its green-energy agenda, while boosting foreign companies and funneling cash into the hands of Obama's largest campaign donors, according to a startling new report by the Washington Free Beacon.
Federal Prison Industries, more commonly known as UNICOR, is a wholly owned corporation of the U.S. government that uses penal labor from the Federal Bureau of Prisons to produce various products and services. Established in 1934, the organization was designed as a voluntary vocational-training program for federal prisoners, but has recently gone into business providing green-energy technology to federal agencies.
Shell Oil Company's chief U.S. official congratulated the White House for accepting the "strategic importance" of oil resources off the Alaskan coast, but asserted that overall tensions between President Obama and the oil industry prevail. "I think you see a lot and you hear a lot about it being a very stressed relationship, and that's real," Shell Oil Company President Marvin Odum affirmed Sunday in an interview with Platts Energy Week TV. "We should just be honest about the fact that that's real."


text:
Writer: Tim Stillman
Date:Monday September 17 2012
Time: 1:51PM
Stade le Mosson
Tuesday, 18th September, 2012
7.45pm GMT
On Sky
Arsenal begin another Champions League campaign in the South of France, with Arsene Wenger's side in form against a Montpellier side who have lost 3 of their first 5 games in Ligue 1.
Olivier Giroud makes a swift return to his old club, where he finished as Montpellier's top scorer, as they swept to an unexpected title. Steve Bould will also take charge of the Gunners officially tonight, with Arsene Wenger beginning another three game UEFA ban for not having excused himself following a violent sneeze.
Arsene Wenger has confirmed he will make a few changes for the visit to France, with a crammed schedule ahead of him. 'The core of the team will stay the same, with 7 or 8 players from Saturday still playing.'
Meanwhile, Olivier Giroud has expressed that his return to his old stamping ground will be totes emosh,
'To return to Montpellier is very special because I spent two very happy years there which were fantastic," Giroud said. "Montpellier is a family club and I left a lot of friends behind - everybody who works at the club and the players.
"I spent a beautiful, wonderful season there last year when we were champions and won the title. It was a fantastic achievement for Montpellier to win the French championship and there was a lot of emotion when we won.
"It will be difficult for me to play against Montpellier, because there is a lot of emotion and I have so many good memories of last season. I left a lot of friends and it`s going to be great to see them.
"But only after the game will I talk to anyone. This is an important match and I will be concentrating on it. I will not speak with my friends until afterwards."
Meanwhile, Montpellier manager Rene Girard is looking forward to seeing his old chum Arsene Wenger, but does not intend on making it a comfortable evening for him, '"It was good to see him; we've known each other for a long time. He was in fine form, so I hope his team isn't doing as well as he is!"
"There's a lot of respect there. We spoke a lot about the upcoming match. He knows that we`re a good side and that his lads will have to be on the money to come out of it with the three points.'
Romain Pitau is suspended following a straight red card in the qualifier against Gyori.
Famous in England for being the poster boy for Portsmouth's exorbitant wage policy, but in France, Utaka has reignited his form as a pacey, lively winger. He is the fast, direct sort of player that defences never like playing against.
Arsenal have left Wojciech Szczesny behind for the flight to France due to an ankle injury, which may explain some of his shonky kicking on Saturday! James Shea will be on the bench because Martinez- being Argentinean and all, wasn't included in the Champions League squad listing.
Abou Diaby trained with the team on Monday morning and is expected to board the flight, but may not start the game.
That means Tomas Rosicky, Jack Wilshere, Lukasz Fabianski and Emmanuel Frimpong are Arsenal's casualties. Expect a few more peripheral players to come in. I'd expect Santos, Koscielny, Giroud and Ramsey to start. Possibly Walcott too.
The travelling squad is: Mannone, Shea, Jenkinson, Mertesacker, Vermaelen, Koscielny, Gibbs, Santos, Arteta, Coquelin, Diaby, Ramsey, Cazorla, Chamberlain, Walcott, Podolski, Gervinho, Giroud.
Seems to have settled into a nice little nook of space between flank and full back. He has struck up good partnerships with Gibbs and Cazorla. That's what good players do. If, as I expect, Santos starts at left back, he'll find a willing attacking outlet on the flank. Podolski appears to have adapted super quickly to life at Arsenal.
Arsenal are unbeaten in their last eight opening game encounters in the Champions League group stage. The last time they lost their opening game was a 3-0 defeat to Inter Milan at Highbury in September 2003.
This is Montpellier's first game in the European Cup. They are one of three clubs making their debut in the group stage this season, along with Málaga CF and FC Nordsjælland.
The French champions have scored 49 goals in UEFA competition.
Arsenal are unbeaten in their last 5 away matches.
Arsene Wenger has taken Arsenal to Lens, Nantes, Auxerre, Marseilles and Lyon without having lost in his home nation.
This is the first ever meeting of the two sides.
The referee will be Carlos Velasco Carballo (ESP). I don't know who he is but I'm sure I will hate him.
Going for a 2-1 win for Arsenal. I fancy Giroud and Gervinho to score.
Arsenal's next Champions League fixture will be at home to Olympiacos on October 3rd. Montpellier will travel to Schalke on the same night.
Date:Monday September 17 2012
Time: 1:51PM
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Arsenal Fans To Travel 5,153 Miles In 2016/17 (Tuesday June 14 2016)
Average League Position In Last 50 Yrs (Monday June 13 2016)
Full Retained Lists For 2016 (Sunday June 12 2016)
U21 Teams Welcomed To The FL Trophy (Saturday June 11 2016)
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text:
07.01.2016 | 25 Sivan, 5776
Female terrorist shot, killed following thwarted terror attack in Hebron
Palestinian sources say Hamas seeking to repair relations with Iran, report says
Peretz takes credit for 10 years of quiet
Rena Ariel blames mother of Palestinian terrorist for daughter's death
Netanyahu visits family of slain teen terror victim: 'It's shocking to see her bloodstains'
'Quartet' draft report: Israeli settlements eroding viability of 2 state solution
Military and political courage at Entebbe
AIPAC lauds Senate for additional foreign aid, anti-BDS action for Israel
New Israel Fund awards Breaking the Silence $20,000 consolation prize
Quartet report to highlight threats to peace
Party 'til the break of dawn: Tel Aviv to celebrate 'White Night'
Coming and going on the small screen
A fishy tale
Twice as nice
Israeli soccer star Eran Zahavi completes record transfer to Chinese club
Philip Stein, Optical International to vie for title
Israeli-Slovenian rowing duo making waves
Hapoel Jerusalem threatened with BSL suspension
Feel the Power: Mobile stations will try to avoid summer outages
Israeli start-up's headphones adapt to people's unique earprints
Living With History
Israelis shrug off fears of hi-tech bubble
Nazareth Hospital insists on serving only whole wheat bread
Health Ministry rankings seen boosting hospital performance
Weizmann study links viral infections in pregnant women to autism, schizophrenia risk
Alleged kidnapping of Yemenite children opens Pandora's box in Knesset
Israel leading a 'water revolution' in arid California
New desalination plant a 'mistake' or case of NIMBY syndrome?
Haifa ammonia production to be relocated– three years behind schedule
Analysis: Jihad is contagious and one attack leads to another
GRAPEVINE: Virtual Independence Celebration
MY WORD: From Entebbe to Erdogan's Turkey
COLUMN ONE: Israel's diplomatic spring
Assad: West secretly cooperating with Damascus against militants
Lebanese army says it foils planned attacks by Islamic State
Violent clashes erupt in Nablus, Hamas calls on parties to unite against Israel
WATCH: 250 ISIS fighters killed in deadliest ever US airstrikes against the group
High marijuana use a growing phenomenon in Iran
Iran regime trying to brush prostitution problems under the rug
Iranian commander threatens to make Bahrain's royal family 'disappear'
Iran claims it thwarts bombings in Tehran, other cities
Was the Istanbul attack an act of retaliation for Turkey-Israel accord?
Report: Turkish intelligence warned of ISIS attack in Istanbul weeks ago
Report says UK Labour Party not racist
MKs slam Corbyn's 'anti-Semitic' comparison of Israel to ISIS
Jeremy Corbyn appears to compare supporters of Israel, ISIS at release of anti-Semitism report
Belgian court upholds kosher ritual slaughter rights
Another Israeli app wins a prize
Are Start-Up Nation's 'seven years of plenty' coming to an end?
Trump, Clinton respond to Turkey terror attack
Sanders appointee to 'Post': Democratic platform should include 'occupation,' right to boycott
Exclusive: For first time, Democrats to condemn BDS, recognize Palestinian right to self govern
Analysis: Trump, Clinton election to impact Israeli migrant dilemma
Astrology for the week of June 1, 2016
Grapevine: Worthy cause
British Jews denounce neo-Nazi 'Miss Hitler' pageant
Viva Italia at Cafe Landwer!
Podcast: From Tel Aviv, a story of hope for Orlando
Briefing: 'King Bibi' pulls it together, again
Podcast: The mystery of Tel Aviv's Jane Doe alleys
Briefing: Liberman, Trump and fascism
Employees send their boss on a special vacation
WATCH: Kittens are the best audience
WATCH: 6ft Balloon Bursts in Slow Motion
22 Photographs where time really stood still
Global goals
A Jewish woman's view
The Iran nuclear deal: One year on
Is BDS headed for defeat?
Striving for kedusha
Lerner in the Mirror
Setting the record straight
Bye bye banks
Veterans: A colorful life
Books: Evil innate
Books: Forever changed by tragedy
Hot off the Arab press
The law and the reality
Guess what? Jerusalem has a beer garden
This week in Jerusalem
F.I.G., the permaculture center
Better late than never
A rose is a rose is a rose
Klezmer all around
'חָרִיש', עִיר חֲדָשָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל
אוֹנִיוֹת מַשָׂא עֲנָקִיוֹת
מֵהֶזְנֵק טֶכְנוֹלוֹגִי לְזִינוּק כַּלְכָּלִי
הַתָנָ"ך שֶל אִימָא
The Christian Edition- one month free subscription
Raising Arrows: Charity with a happy heart
StandWithUs disappointed with anti-Israel Presbyterian GA
ADL slams Presbyterian Church decision to explore 2-state solution alternatives
Lubavitcher Rebbe's Courtyard Park Dedicated in Kfar Chabad
Spanish Village Connects with its Ancient Jewish Roots
Expo Forest Inaugurated in the Negev
The Scholarship is from Canada, the Foresters from Israel
The Family Landau De Vries Park, a Forest Park in the Desert
A Double Celebration of Shavuot and Metulla's 120th Anniversary
JNF South Africa Delegates Get in Touch with the Real Israel
Czech prime minister plants tree in Jerusalem grove of nations
Greek President Plants Olive Tree in Jerusalem Grove of Nations
Planning a Sustainable Future through Water Sensitive Cities
Burnt Trees and Charred Earth in Jerusalem's Arazim Valley
Hugging a Tree? Beware of the Pine Processionary Caterpillar!
KKL-JNF holds its 6th Latin American Leadership Conference
Andrew Viterbi at a KKL-JNF Milan Gala Event
KKL-JNF and The Italian State Forestry Corps Sign a Memorandum
JNF USA & Alexander Muss High School in Israel
Both Receive Charity Navigator's Highest Rating
Peonies and Pineapples in the Negev Desert
An Interview with Israel Prize Winner Prof. Yossi Katz
Arava Open Day 2016
The Acacia Tree Stars in the Arava Ecosystem
Is a Jewish safe haven possible in the Diaspora; is America the "exception"?
Potentially Misleading Statistics on Global Terrorism
Still Looking for Israel at Harvard
What happens next?
National News
07/05/2014 12:49
PALESTINIAN RIOT police face civilians protesting security coordination between the PA and Israel in Ramallah yesterday..
(photo credit:REUTERS)
Meretz Chairwoman Zehava Gal-On accused Foreign Minister Avigdor Liberman of "fanning the flames" of hate and racism between Israeli Jews and Arabs on Saturday afternoon, following a night of violent rioting on both sides."It's the right of Arab citizens of Israel to demonstrate in their homeland, and is not dependent upon the whims of Mr. Liberman," she said. Gal-On also accused Liberman of working to disenfranchise Israeli-Arabs and revoke their citizenship.
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text:
Sports in brief: Vick back in the fold with Nike
NFL: Michael Vick is back with Nike two years after the company severed ties over the quarterback's involvement in a dogfighting ring.
"Mike has a long-standing, great relationship with Nike, and he looks forward to continuing that relationship," his agent, Joel Segal, said Wednesday.
Segal would not reveal terms of the agreement. Nike would not comment.
The endorsement is the latest step forward for Vick as he seeks to rehabilitate his career and his image after serving 18 months in federal prison.
Nike, which signed Vick as a rookie in 2001, terminated his contract in August 2007 after the Atlanta Falcons star filed a plea agreement admitting his involvement in the dogfighting ring. At the time, Nike called cruelty to animals "inhumane, abhorrent and unacceptable" and halted release of his fifth signature shoe, the Air Zoom Vick V.
Also, Vick has agreed to repay at least $416,000 that he is accused of illegally withdrawing from a pension plan. The Labor Department said the payment settles a lawsuit against Vick for making transfers from the plan sponsored by a celebrity marketing company he once owned.
Vick also will pay a civil penalty of more than $80,000 and forfeit any rights to benefits from the plan.
•Quinn benched in favor of Anderson: Derek Anderson will replace Brady Quinn and start at quarterback for the Cleveland Browns on Sunday against Cincinnati.
Coach Eric Mangini has decided to go with Anderson, a Pro Bowler in 2007, over Quinn, a former first-round draft pick who opened the season as Cleveland's starter, but was benched at halftime last Sunday in Baltimore.
•Fox sticks with Delhomme: Though Jake Delhomme has just two TD passes and seven interceptions, he will remain winless Carolina's starting quarterback.
Asked if Delhomme was still his guy moving forward, Panthers coach John Fox left no doubt.
"I didn't think that was a question, but if that needs to be clarified, yes with a capital 'Y,' " Fox said.
Bulldogs romp
College football: Daniel Porter ran for 160 yards and two touchdowns and the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs (2-2, 1-0 Western Athletic Conference) rolled to a 27-6 win over the Hawaii Warriors (2-2, 0-1) in Ruston, La.
Hawaii's streak of 62 games with at least one TD ended.
•Tebow improves: Florida coach Urban Meyer said quarterback Tim Tebow is improving after sustaining a concussion during a third-quarter sack in a win over Kentucky on Saturday.
Meyer said on the weekly Southeastern Conference teleconference that Tebow "looked terrific" when he saw him late Tuesday night.
•Yankee Stadium will host bowl game: The teams are set, one from the Big East, one from the Big 12. The site: the new $1.5 billion Yankee Stadium.
Now all the new bowl game in the Bronx needs is a name before its debut in December 2010.
The leagues and the New York Yankees have a four-year agreement in place, running through the 2013 season. The payout to each team will be about $2 million.
The Yankees had already struck a deal with Army for the Black Knights to play four regular-season games at the stadium in the next five years. That starts next season with a game against Notre Dame.
Sundin shelves skates
NHL: Former Toronto Maple Leafs captain Mats Sundin is retiring from hockey after nearly two decades in the NHL.
The 38-year-old played for Vancouver last season after spending most of his NHL career with Toronto.
Sundin, an eight-time NHL All-Star, is first all-time among Swedish players with 564 goals, 785 assists and 1,349 points. He never won a Stanley Cup.
•Bids for Coyotes rejected: The NHL could claim a partial victory after a U.S. bankruptcy judge rejected bids by the league and Canadian billionaire Jim Balsillie to purchase the Phoenix Coyotes.
Judge Redfield T. Baum rejected Balsillie's offer to purchase the team and move it to Hamilton, Ontario, which the NHL had vehemently opposed. The judge upheld the league's right to decide who owns its teams and where they play.
Although Baum also turned down the NHL offer, he left the door open for the league to go ahead and purchase the franchise if it amends its bid.
Indians fire Wedge
MLB: The Cleveland Indians have fired manager Eric Wedge in the final days of a terrible season.
Wedge guided the Indians to one playoff appearance in seven seasons, and this year the club fell out of contention early.
Wedge will finish out the season as manager.
•Moyer's season over: Philadelphia Phillies pitcher Jamie Moyer will have season-ending surgery after tearing muscles in his groin and lower abdomen.
Moyer, 46, was 12-10 with a 4.94 ERA. He was injured on his final pitch against Houston on Tuesday.
Kuwait tops Iraq
Miscellany: The first Kuwaiti sports team to play in Iraq since Saddam Hussein's 1990 invasion celebrated its return with a victory. The Kuwait Sports Club soccer team defeated Irbil 1-0 in Irbil.
Ferrari signs Alonso: Ferrari signed Fernando Alonso a year earlier than originally planned, reaching an agreement with the two-time Formula One world champion for three years beginning next season.
After announcing the deal, both team and driver revealed they had an agreement that Alonso would sign with Ferrari for the 2011 season, only for the Italian team to reach a legal settlement with ousted driver Kimi Raikkonen in recent days and bring that date forward.
Smile. There are rarely better days than this
A GRIP ON SPORTS • There were at least a couple things that happened Friday that had to put a smile on your face. Read on.
Weekend Wild Card — June 25-26
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