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Trump Campaign Manager Demands Ted Cruz And Carly Fiorina Give Money To Vets After Debate Flap
When Donald Trump announced that he would skip last week's Fox News debate in order to raise money "for the vets" — an event that actually benefited his personal foundation — two of his opponents said that they too would give money to veterans, but only if Trump debated them one-on-one.
Super PACs aligned with Ted Cruz offered to give $1.5 million to veterans' causes if Trump would debate their candidate, while Carly Fiorina upped the ante with a $2 million offer. Trump declined to take either candidate up on their offer, but his campaign is now insisting that they donate the money to veterans' charities anyway.
Trump campaign manager Corey Lewandowski, who said last week that Trump would only debate Cruz if he offers proof that he's "legally eligible to run for president of the United States," told radio host John Fredericks today that he wants the Cruz and Fiorina camps to give the money to veterans' causes anyway.
People understand Trump's a doer, so he goes out, he says he's going to do something, we raise $6 million for the veterans, we give that money away, it was a great night and I don't think that anybody would be willing to say the veterans don't deserve the money. These candidates who say, 'If you debate me or you do this or you do that, we'll give you money,' they're so disingenuous. Mr. Trump doesn't need anybody's money. He put $1 million of his own money into that veterans event to prove that his support is real. But all the other candidates, whether it's Carly Fiorina or it's Ted Cruz who said, 'If you do this, we'll give money to veterans,' well, if you care about the veterans, don't make it a quid pro quo, put your money where your mouth is, Ted or Carly, and give the money to the veterans if you truly care about them.
Perhaps Cruz and Fiorina were merely modeling themselves after Trump, who in 2012 said he would donate $5 million to charity but only if President Obama released his records from college and passport applications.
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 23, 2002
|Filing date
|Jun 29, 2000
|Priority date
|Jul 2, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Carl Erik Mikael Förborgen
|Original Assignee
|Inmotion Technologies Ab
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (7), Classifications (15), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The invention relates to a power steering system for a vehicle having one or more steerable wheels, and which comprises a manually operable steering wheel, a first angle sensing device connected to the steering wheel, a servo motor connected to the steerable wheel or wheels and including a second angle sensing device, and a control unit for receiving signals from the first angle sensing device and for energizing the servo motor.
In prior art systems of this kind, there are used analog types of angle sensing means like potentiometers or DC-tachometers connected to the steering wheel. In those systems, it is fairly simple to obtain a reliable safety control of the angle sensing device operation. Such a safety control is hightly important, since it is crucial for the safety of the vehicle operation.
For different reasons it has become desirable to use digital angle sensing devices instead of the former analog devices both as a steering wheel signal producer and as an angle controlling device at the steerable wheel of the vehicle, and according to one previously suggested solution to the safety problem two separate digital angle encoders have been used. A faulty operation of one of these encoders indicates a malfunction to be attendted to, but because two encoders are provided, the steering system would remain operative to enable a safe handling of the vehicle to stand still.
It is desirable, however, to simplify the power steering system and to bring down its costs, and a solution to that would be to use just one digital angle encoder. There is a problem, though, to accomplish a reliable detection of a faulty operation of such system and to initiate an immediate stop to the vehicle operation.
In a power steering analog system described in EP 0 885 756, there are used analog type angle sensors in connection with the steerable wheels of the vehicle, and there is also described a method for faulty detection of these sensors.
However, in this known system there is used a digital angle encoder as a signal generating means in connection with the steering wheel. However, there is not described or mentioned anything about how to accomplish a reliable function monitoring of this digital angle encoder.
According to the invention, a power steering system for a vehicle having one or more steerable wheels comprises a steering wheel which is mechanically connected to a single digital angle encoder, a servo motor with an angle sensing device connected to the steerable wheels, and a malfunction detecting device connected to the digital angle encoder and arranged to apply a constant analog voltage across the digital encoder to, thereby, alter the digital pulse amplitude from the encoder to a certain check amplitude, wherein a faulty angle encoder operation is detectable as a deviation of the pulse amplitude from that check amplitude.
The above described problems are solved by the invention which provides an improved power steering system including a simplified but safely controlled digital angle sensing device.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows schematically an example of a power steering system according to the invention.
FIG. 2 shows unaltered amplitude pulse trains from the digital angle encoder.
FIG. 3 shows pulse trains from the digital angle encoder with altered amplitude.
The power steeing system shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a vehicle having one steerable wheel 10, a steering wheel 12 for manual operation of the system, a servo motor 13 mechanically coupled to the steerable wheel 10 via a gear mechanism 14, an angle sensing device 15 associated with the servo motor 13, an angle encoder 16 mechanically connected to the steering wheel 12, and a control unit 17. The control unit 17 comprises electronic data processing components as well as power supply means and communicates with the servo motor 13 via wiring 18 for supply of electric power to the motor 13 and with the angle encoder 16 and the angle sensing device 15 via wirings 19 and 20, respectively.
The angle encoder 16 connected to the steering wheel 12 is of a digital type delivering a train of electrical pulses when turning the steering wheel 12, and the angle sensing device 15 associated with the motor 13 is preferably arranged to deliver feed back pulses to the control unit 17 so as to obtain a correlation between the set pulse number and frequency delivered by the angle encoder 16 and the actual pulse number and frequency delivered by the angle sensing device 15. The pulse frequency corresponds to the rotation speed of the steering wheel 12 and the servo motor 13.
The angle encoder 16 is of the double-channel type, wherein the two channels are arranged at a 90 degree phase displacement for obtaining a signal pattern indicating the actual direction of movement.
The angle encoder 16 is fed with a constant supply voltage VCC by the control unit 17, and normally, the pulses delivered by an angle encoder of the digital type have an amplitude ΔV1 extending from zero to a certain level, for instance 0-12 V. This means that if you are going to check the encoder device for discovering any malfunction you can get either 0 V or 12 V, which means that 0 V could be either o.k. or indicate a broken connection, and 12 V could indicate o.k. or short circuiting.
However, by mixing the digital signal from the angle encoder 16 with a constant analog voltage it is possible to obtain a check amplitude ΔV2 of for example 2-10 V. This means that if you get a reading of at least 2 V when checking the encoder operation you know that there is not broken connection, and if you get a reading of no more than 10 V you can be certain that there is no short circuiting in the encoder circuit.
Alternatively, the check ΔV2 could be 0.5-4.5 V which is a reduction of the original pulse amplitude of 0 V-5 V. None of the two latter readings would give any information about the operation order of the angle encoder 16, unless the reduced check amplitude is provided by the addition of the constant analog voltage.
For accomplishing this, the system includes a circuit (not illustrated) for generating the constant analog voltage. Preferably, this is accomplished by a circuit comprised in the angle encoder 16. Such an arrangement results in a simplified wiring between the angle encoder and the control unit 17.
In FIG. 2, there are illustrated the delivered pulse trains of the two channels A and B of the digital encoder 16 where no mixing is made with an analog constant voltage. In this case, the pulse amplitude ΔV1 is the original amplitude delivered by the digital encoder 16.
In FIG. 3, there is shown a diagram illustrating the delivered pulse trains from the two encoder channels A and B where an analog constant voltage has been added, whereby the pulse amplitude ΔV1 has been reduced to ΔV2 which is used as a check amplitude for function check of the digital encoder 16.
By mixing a constant analog voltage with the digital pulses delivered by the angle encoder 16, as described above, the bottom voltage level of each pulse is raised from the zero level and the top voltage level of each pulse is reduced from the supply voltage level VCC.
The malfunction detecting device included in the control unit 17 comprises a means for providing high and low trip levels outside the normal pulse amplitude extremes where a malfunction of the angle encoder 16 is to be indicated. Accordingly, between the top amplitude level of each pulse and the supply voltage VCC, there is provided a high trip level Vth, and between the bottom amplitude level of each pulse and zero, there is provided a low trip Vt1. See FIG. 3. If the pulse amplitude voltage reaches either one of the trip levels, the malfunction detecting device will indicate a faulty angle encoder.
By arranging a window type amplitude monitoring function there is obtained a safe automatic functional feature for checking the operation of the digital angle encoder. Thereby, it is made possible to use a modern digital type of angle sensing and encoding device without losing the possibility to have a continuous function check of the encoder and to ensure a safe vehicle operation. And should the readings fall outside the window boundaries, the operation of the vehicle is stopped.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 10, 1991
|Apr 13, 1993
|Trw Inc.
|Phased redundant sensor steering control
|Oct 31, 1992
|Aug 8, 1995
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Process and device for dealing with errors in electronic control devices
|Sep 12, 1996
|Jul 7, 1998
|Lucas Industries Public Limited Company
|Measuring systems for linear or angular movements
|Apr 16, 1998
|Apr 4, 2000
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho
|Tilt control apparatus for industrial vehicles
|Dec 28, 1999
|Apr 17, 2001
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Steer-by-wire steering system for motorized vehicles
|Apr 17, 1998
|Dec 23, 1998
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho
|Tilt control apparatus for industrial vehicles
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 2, 2001
|Dec 23, 2003
|Kayaba Industry Co., Ltd.
|Potentiometer for electric power steering system
|Apr 8, 2005
|Aug 30, 2011
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Sensor for a transmission-shift control, in particular of a motor vehicle
|Nov 20, 2001
|Sep 20, 2011
|Nexteer (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd.
|Rear steering sensor diagnostic algorithm for four-wheel steering systems
|Dec 4, 2012
|Lg Innotek Co., Ltd.
|EPS motor having steering angle sensor
|Nov 20, 2001
|Feb 6, 2003
|Sebastian Reeny T.
|Rear steering sensor diagnostic algorithm for four-wheel steering systems
|Apr 8, 2005
|Sep 24, 2009
|Peter Weiberle
|Sensor for a transmission-shift control, in particular of a motor vehicle
|Dec 20, 2011
|Jun 21, 2012
|Lg Innotek Co., Ltd.
|Eps motor having steering angle sensor
|U.S. Classification
|180/444, 180/446, 701/41
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 16, 2000
Owner name: ATLAS COPCO CONTROLS AB, SWEDEN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FORBORGEN, CARL ERIK MIKAEL;REEL/FRAME:011191/0550
Effective date: 20000830
|Feb 19, 2002
Owner name: INMOTION TECHNOLOGIES AKTIEBOLAG, SWEDEN
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ATLAS COPCO CONTROLS AKTIEBOLAG;REEL/FRAME:012640/0452
Effective date: 20001212
|Sep 30, 2005
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 23, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Nov 29, 2013
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 23, 2014
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jun 10, 2014
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20140423


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Living in the Comfort Zone of our Beliefs
James P Krehbiel
Posted Jun 22, 2011 in
1 comment
John's parents were dead-set against the marriage. His mother was morally outraged that John and Kim were cohabitating prior to the wedding. John was deeply disturbed by his mother's attitude and made numerous overtures to explore the issue with her. Although neither parent attended church, they were adamant that living together out of wedlock was religiously immoral and offensive. Through a flurry of e-mails, John's mother made disparaging comments toward John and rambled on about his fiancé being nothing more than a low-class tramp.
John's parents were indignant and cut off contact with John and clearly indicated that they had no intentions of coming to the couple's wedding. Sadly, their beliefs had rigidly risen to the level of taking precedence over their connection with their own son and future daughter-in-law. They clung to their beliefs in such a way that the rules mattered more than their most intimate relationships.
Beliefs can be defined as preconceived notions about the way the world works that lead one to rigidly embrace a value system to maintain living in a comfort zone. John's parents clung to certain beliefs that reinforced a worldview that was inconsistent with most people's reality. In other words, they believed in a belief, because they internalized it as an altered form of reality. Their belief kept them feeling safe until it came in conflict with their son's experience. Now it served to sever their relationship with their only child.
We can see this cognitive dissonance (conflict between belief and experience), in many different situations. We have CO2 emissions pouring out of the smoke-stacks of factories, while reactionaries maintain that climate change is not connected to human behavior. We have clear-cut evidence to support evolution and yet there are those who espouse contrary theories to minimize their inner conflict.
Beliefs play a role in keeping life simple and explainable. Faith, however, operates differently. Faith is an unreserved opening to the truth wherever it may be found. Faith requires questioning, being open to complex challenges, and grappling with conflict and paradox. With faith-based thinking, we cannot always reconcile various pieces of reality.
People who cling to their beliefs rather than faith lack depth. They are afraid to step outside the confines of their preconceived assumptions. Such rigidity provides a false sense of security in an insecure world. To demonstrate integrity, one must let go of belief-based tunnel vision and transcend religious dogma in the pursuit of finding the truth in one's experience.
An example of this is the fundamentalist Christian, who has believed all his life that homosexuality is an abomination to God. During early adulthood, one of his children gathers the courage to come out and tell his father that he is gay. How does this father reconcile his beliefs with the nature of what his son has told him about his sexual identity? This is a difficult spiritual and emotional dilemma. This father has several options to consider in making a decision about how to view this problem. Do I disown my own child for revealing his true sexual orientation? Do I admonish my son to seek reparative therapy to change his sexual feelings? Do I take the position of hating the sin, but loving the sinner? Do I let go of the need to reconcile my son's identity with my religious beliefs, and try to enlarge my spiritual map to include the possibility that God's grace may transcend my conflict? Faith always leads us to enlarge our vision of the truth and hold conflicting ideas in tension as we seek to pursue personal growth in our quest for answers.
Like John's parents, beliefs tend to define us and our reality in a constricted manner. The rules become more important than our search for the truth and affect those we seek to hold accountable to them. Beliefs keep things clear-cut and simple in an altered reality that often doesn't match one's experience. Those who embrace such reactionary thinking are dangerous because they are unable to problem-solve from multiple perspectives and consequently have the potential to hurt people. They are unaware of the missing pieces in any argument. There is only one side to their story, and the believers embrace it wholeheartedly without doing due diligence to grapple with difficult problems and polar perspectives.
Note: This case is a composite drawn from my practice as a psychotherapist. It has been altered to protect the individual's right to confidentiality and privacy.
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I just posted this question on the Europe forum. Decided it might be helpful to post it here. Our cruise in a couple of weeks will spend a day in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria. I want to visit Casa de Colona. I think I read somewhere that there is a free shuttle from the dock to the central market, and then it's walking distance from the market to Casa. Does anyone have any info. about this? Thanks!
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Gran Canaria-Casa de Colona
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"wawas" operate every few minutes from the port gates to the city market. However, if you'd rather stroll into town, it's not far, and it's a pleasant walk.
vacationstogo.com cruisecritic.com for more port info...
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We'd much rather stroll into town for sure. Just wasn't sure how far a stroll I was looking at. Appreciate the info. Do you know if the merchants take American money? I'm finding that more and more port cities are happy to take U.S. dollars. In Casa Blanca and every city we visited in Israel, the merchants had wads of U.S. with which to make change. Our guide in Israel even told us there was no need to exchange our money.
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You can walk from the cruise dock to the central market in about 15 minutes. You can't walk from there to the Casa de Colon: the city is long and thin and it would take over an hour. Taxis in the city are cheap and the local guagua buses are regular. A taxi from the dock to the Casa de Colon costs about 6 euros.
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NFL's Goodell Earned Nearly $32M In '15 NASCAR Continues To Lose Popularity Euro, PGA Tour Leaders Have Differing Opinions Bill Seeks To Exempt MiLB From OT Standards NC Lawmakers Consider HB2 Revisions Analysts Discuss Issues Facing Tennis League Notes NHL Prospects Coming From Warm-Weather Cities UFC Fighters Voicing Unhappiness Over Pay NFL, NFLPA Partner With Cirque Du Soleil
Upcoming Conferences and Events
SBD/Issue 152/Leagues & Governing Bodies
MLB Reverses Decision To Ban Joe Maddon From Wearing Hoodie
Published April 21, 2010
|MLB Changes Course And Will Now Allow
Maddon To Wear His Hoodie During Games
Rays manager Joe Maddon yesterday said MLB officials have "re-interpreted" their decision to ban him from wearing a hoodie during games, according to Marc Topkin of the ST. PETERSBURG TIMES. Maddon: "Hoodie-gate is over. There was a misinterpretation originally and now it has been re-interpreted." The discussion among MLB officials "got as far as" Commissioner Bud Selig, and once the decision was reversed, Maddon received calls from MLB Exec VP/Business Tim Brosnan and VP/Baseball Operations Jimmie Lee Solomon. Maddon "was pleased MLB officials came to their senses." He said, "It's so nice that I can wear it without any kind of concerns that it may result in some form of punishment" (ST. PETERSBURG TIMES, 4/21). FANHOUSE.com's Pat Lackey noted "no reason was given for the abrupt change." Maddon only noted he received a call saying "cooler heads had prevailed." Rays players last night against the White Sox "showed support for their manager and for the decision by filling the dugout with the now MLB-approved sweatshirts" (FANHOUSE.com, 4/20). Maddon planned to wear the hoodie during last night's game to "show his pleasure with the revised ruling" (TAMPABAY.com, 4/20). But ESPN.com's Rob Neyer wrote, "If you let Joe Maddon and Terry Francona wear whatever they like, you have to let everyone wear whatever they like. A rule that's unenforced is unenforceable" (ESPN.com, 4/20).


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text: سكس جامد يتوب سكس من تته Anyways, to get to Las Noches: We find that Ichigo was once again unable to rescue Orihime, because Ulquiorra returns and basically beats the living daylights out of him, to the point he�s damn near dead. However, beginning in the 1990s some shows began with a cold open, followed by a title sequence and a commercial break. An animatic typically consists of pictures of the storyboard synchronized with the soundtrack. سكس اجنبى اغضصاب Hentai is the Japanese word for pervert. سكس نيك بنت جامد And, to save time, some shows omit the title sequence altogether, folding the names normally featured there into the opening credits. Here�s a post about OEL original English language, i. سكس اجنبى اغضصاب Episodes which end in the middle of a climatic moment are often called cliffhangers, after the name used for early movie serials. سكس نيك بنت جامد With this newly acquired power, so begins Kurosaki Ichigos training and duty as a Shinigami to maintain the balance between the world of the living and the world of the dead. سكس من تته Her brother picks up Ichigos sword and tells Ichigo that if he stays there he will eventually become a monster again, so while his mind is still clea he will disappear. سكس اجنبى اغضصاب The ghostly image of the Hollow stands before her and continues to beat her to the ground as an impression of his hand print is left in the carpet. سكس اجنبى اغضصاب In the mid 1970s, these were known as videomatics and used primarily for test commercial projects. STUDY DESIGN: An expert panel of physicians selected high-volume diagnoses or surgical procedures to examine, and developed criteria for defining episodes of care.


text:
Extra Hearts, no need for friends for My Little Pony: Friendship Is MagicHome / iPhone - iPad /
This page contains My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic Hints for iPhone - iPad called "Extra Hearts, no need for friends" and has been posted or updated on Mar 12, 2014 by RainbowDashie.
- Developer: Gameloft
- Publisher: Gameloft
- Genre: Edutainment
- Release: Nov 8, 2012
- ESRB: Not Set
Extra Hearts, no need for friends
If you don't have any friends because you are that much of a loner, then don't worry. When you play the Equestria Girls Dance game, every time you finish a dance, it will say at the bottom "share +?". It doesn't cost hearts to share, it gives you about 3-5 hearts.
Please Submit a Problem for any incomplete, non-working or fake cheat listed above.
If you know other secrets, hints, glitches or level guides, then please Submit your Cheats and share your insights with other gamers.
Stuck in this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let other gamers answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an expert then please try to help others with their questions.
From: Bee
Posted on: 06-20-2016
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Posted on: 06-04-2016
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Posted on: 06-02-2016
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Posted on: 05-22-2016
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Posted on: 05-18-2016
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic - Epic Trailer
- Nov 13, 2013, Views: 906
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic - Equestria Girls Movie Trailer
- Nov 13, 2013, Views: 752
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic - Season 4 Era Of The Princess Trailer
- Nov 13, 2013, Views: 1015
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic - Final Cut
- Nov 13, 2013, Views: 667
- The Journey: Bob's Story, (PC)
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- Skylanders Battlecast Cards To Life, (AND)
- LEGO Star Wars: The Force Awakens, (PS4)
- Mafia 3, (PS4)
- Forestry 2017 - The Simulation, (XONE)
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- Call Of Duty: Infinite Warfare, (PS4)
- Hero Siege: Pocket Edition, (iOS)
- Get 'Em, (iOS)
- Quest To Aztlan, (iOS)
- Paranormal Minis, (iOS)
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- Epic Flail (Noxus Ltd), (iOS)
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text:
Maritime Today
The Maritime Industry's original and most viewed E-News Service
Sectors of the U.S. market are hot, but for how long? Five key variables drive the domestic brown water market.
The challenging operating climate currently facing blue water,
The American Waterways Operators (AWO) and ClassNK have signed an agreement under which ClassNK will be authorized to conduct audits of AWO's Responsible Carrier Program,
Young Brothers, Limited, Hawai'i's largest inter-island cargo service provider, and Conrad Shipyard, signed a contract to build four new tugs, a nearly $80 million


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George Washington: Man of Vision, Visions of the Man
Friday, July 1 | 6:30 PM | Members are free; $8 for non-members | Register Here!
Even before his death in 1799, George Washington was celebrated in various ways as the preeminent founding father. Through the exploration of the artistic representations of Washington, spanning his life and the period following his death, a host of important themes tied to the ideals upon which America was founded become abundantly clear. Central to many of these themes is the rule of law and its importance in the preservation of a democratic-republican form of government.
Mike Pace, Tim Isaacs and Scott Crawford with The Center for Teaching the Rule of Law at Roanoke College will return to the Taubman Museum of Art to examine how the representations of Washington in art over the course of the late 18th and 19th centuries symbolically reinforce this concept. Focusing on works currently on display at the Taubman, along with other iconic representations of Washington, participants will explore the rich symbolism found within the works that provide important lessons about Washington's character and the role the rule of law should play within American society.
Not a Museum Member? Click here to join today!


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28 February - 01 March 2017 | Raleigh Convention Center
Raleigh, USA | Get Directions
CED Life Science Conference is truly an interesting event that shall widen the scope to gain effective and practical knowledge regarding dynamic aspects of life science and engineering. The annual event will help to discover and implement new research results. Participants who will be attending the conference can learn from the industry practitioners, who have hands on experience in specific industry. The annual event will aim to provide a forum for scientists from academia and people from industry to present and discuss recent advances in their research on topic. Experts will be delivering their practical development experiences on specific new challenges and emerging issues. The organizer of the annual event is Council for Entrepreneurial Development.
Raleigh | United States Of America
334 Blackwell Street, Suite B012 Durham, NC 27701
Durham | USA
Related Conferences of industry
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Cleantech Forum23 - 25 January 2017San Francisco, United States Of America
Recommended Hotels Near Raleigh
North Carolina State Fair13 - 23 October 2016
Health & Fitness Expo Raleigh01 - 02 April 2017


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Moving Sale - Saturday/Sunday 7/2 & 7/3 9am - 2pm Furniture, Antiques, Household goods, etc. 6 Piece Master Bedroom Suite Tiller's, Snow Blower, Chain saw, other out door Equipment. 7 piece Patio Set, Grill 1994 Geo Tracker and 2007 Yamaha FZ1 Motorcycle… → Read More
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YardSales.net is the fastest growing yard sale site, with 46 sale photos and 29 garage sales in Indianapolis, Indiana. YardSales.net offers you the best list of Indianapolis yard sales every week.
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Baby Clothes, Baby Furniture, Changing Table, Twin Size Bed, Lamp fixtures, furniture, Household Items, Lia Sophia, Precious Moments, and lots more… → Read More
We're having a Wherls and Deals swap Meet! Bring your parts and cars and other guy stuff to sell! Space is $20 Old Glory Antiques Rt 12 Fitzwilliam NH… → Read More
I am having a yard sale to clean my room and make some money to take my mom out for her birthday lots of stuff that needs to go house hold goods, princess house crystal glass were, toys, clothing, victory motorcycle saddle bags, tools, Chevy truck parts. all reasonable offers taken stop by make a good deal and help a little girl earn some money to take her… → Read More
Clothes, Shoes, Scarfs, And Randoms
I have about a closet full of clothes, dresses, coats for a young lady size small/medium and shoes size 6. I am in my late 20's trying to purge and make a little money off of the things I don't use often. I have a safe that is worth at least $80 but would take best offer. A clean queen size comforter that zips around the entire mattress. Winter… → Read More
Having a huge moving sale everything must go . Furniture antiques tools farming tools and equipment. Everything must go.… → Read More
MOVING SALE JULY 16TH 8:30 AM TO 3:00PM EVERYTHING MUST GO!!!!! WE HAVE FURNITURE AND HOUSE HOLD ITEMS. PUSH MOWER. RIDING MOWER COME ONE COME ALL!!!! OLD DRYER AND NEW WASHING MACHINE (2-3 YRS OLD) Don't pay attn to the post that says sale is 7-9-16 IT'S ON 7-16-16… → Read More
We're moving south and have to down size. Many items from the garage up for sale, even the door! We have hand tools, yard tools, automotive parts, snowmobile pants & boots, ladders, heaters, fishing poles & reels, tool boxes, etc. Need a snow blower for the coming winter season? We have one. Need something bigger? A plow? I have that too! Oh… → Read More
LOTS OF QUALITY ITEMS MUST GO! Indoor and Outdoor Furniture (Sofa, Chairs, Tables, Dressers, Bookshelves, Desk, Blanket Chest) and Lamps Shop Tools and Equipment (Dewalt 10" Miter Saw and Portable Stand, Ryobi Table Saw, Work Benches, Tool Boxes, misc. tools, sanders, wet/dry shop vacs, extension cords, ladders) Ariens Platinum 30 342 cc snow… → Read More
4 piece white wicker set with cushions in very good shape, household items, assorted tools like radial arm saw, old bicycles, file cabinet, women's clothes- size 16 and 18, women's shoes, size 10, lots of pocketbooks, glass serving trays, books, Barbies and accessories, coffee makers, old Steamer Trunk, double mattress in good shaper in plastic… → Read More
Estate Sale! Large And Small Items! Must Go!
Estate sale being held Saturday, Saturday, July 2nd 2016 and Sunday, July 3rd 2016. We are moving and are getting rid of large and small items. All must go! Sale is from 10am to 6pm both Saturday and Sunday! 1 Quimby Road Brookline, NH 03033… → Read More
Thrift Shop Provides Great Items At Great Prices
St. John's Church Thrift Shop provides low cost clothing and housewares to the community. Thrift shop is located at 15 Park Ave., Athol. MA 01331 Enter on Allen St. Driveway at sign. Street parking is available. ***June 25 cent SALE!!! All clothing items are 25 cents! Inquire within! *** Shop has a women's, men's, and children's… → Read More
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Big Pine alone in field, watercolor
I made this for the layerslandscape, realism, abstract, fantasy, of colors and to practice my weeds and reeds. The tree took awhile because I didn't mix my paint well enough and a few branches were too dark, but after some more paint all is fine.
All in all I really love the look and hope to make more of this kinda picture..keep my Gallery ready to check out ,,you never know what I may create next!


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Debugging Kernel Modules with User Mode Linux
So, let's make a bug—a nasty one. Let's say when someone opens device 4 (cat /dev/gentest4), the module hangs in a nasty loop: for(;;) i++; (see Listing 1). Deadlocks or hangs are common errors when writing programs. They are sometimes hard to find. Typically programmers just use printks to locate the errors: printk("Got here!\n");. This type of debugging works, but you still hang the system several times before you find the problem. With constant fscks, it can get ugly. But, with UML, you just add in the printks and reboot to a fresh filesystem every time to test it.
UML will help us find that bug with printks, but it is nothing that would have caused us more than a few reboots. Now let's make our first really nasty bug. Let's say that when someone reads from device 5 (i.e., cat /dev/gentest5); the module starts to overwrite all memory: memset(0, 0, 0xffffffff); (see Listing 2). Overwriting memory is a common error in C programs. In the kernel it is especially nasty and can sometimes cause an instant reboot, keeping you from seeing any printks that are generated. These bugs can still be isolated with printk, but it is a very time-consuming process.
From what I've covered so far, UML is a great debugging tool. You can use it to keep your filesystem safe when debugging modules. But there's something more: GDB.
As most experienced kernel programmers know, there is already a way to debug a kernel using GDB and the serial line. But, in my experience, it really doesn't work very well. The GDB shim in the kernel sometimes hangs, and you need two machines to make it work. I have successfully debugged kernels running in VMware on one machine by redirecting the virtual machine's serial port to a file, but it was slow going, since the kernel portion of the GDB code could still sometimes hang.
UML makes all that a thing of the past. With UML, you can run the entire virtual machine under GDB, attach to a kernel while it's running, or even after a panic. The easiest way to run UML under GDB is to add the command-line flag debug to your runline. UML will then spawn GDB in an xterm for you and stop the kernel. For most purposes, just type c to allow the kernel to continue booting up (see Figure 1).
To debug the module, you first have to load the module, then tell GDB where the symbol file is, then set any breakpoints you need.
So, first things first, load the module. Included in the source code is a simple shell script called loadModule that loads the module and creates the devices if they do not already exist.
Once the module is loaded, press Ctrl-C inside the GDB window to pause the kernel, and look at the module_list pointer. The last module loaded should be at the head of the list. You can use a simple printf command to get the address of the module. You'll need it when loading the symbol file (see Figure 2).
Now, load the symbols file with the command add-symbol-file MODULE_PATH ADDRESS. The filename used is the filename on the host system, not on the virtual machine. After answering "y" to an "Are you sure you know what you're doing?" question, the symbol file is loaded. You can check that it has been loaded correctly by re-examining the module_list pointer again. Notice that now the init and cleanup pointers have the appropriate function names associated with their addresses (see Figure 3).
Now that the module is loaded, you can set any breakpoints you want. I'll set a breakpoint at open and then try to cat one of the devices (see Figure 4).
Now, let's run our two tests and see how hard the bugs are to find when using GDB. On the first test, the system still hangs. But, now we can press Ctrl-C in the debugger and see where it is hung.
In the hang test (see Figure 5) it is obvious that the current stopping point is inside the for loop. If we really want to have fun, we can print out the value of i to see what it contains.
Now, the memory overwrite is a bit more difficult. Not because it is a panic, but because I used memset. memset, in the GNU libc, ends up inserting inline assembly into your code, so it looks like your bug is in string.h, instead of your module. But, it still lets you know which function the error occurred in, and you still know it is inside of a memset (see Figure 6).
Also, you still can examine any local variables in the current function (gRead) or any global variables to help you find the problem.
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LONDON (AFP) - Mohamed Bin Hammam, president of the Asian Football Confederation, is ready to do a u-turn and back the Premier League's controversial plan to play a 39th round of fixtures in cities across the world.
Bin Hammam was instrumental in the Premier League's decision to withdraw their scheme in February after launching a scathing attack on the idea.
Several venues in his Confederation, including Kuala Lumper, Abu Dhabi and Tokyo, were targeted as likely hosts of the additional Premier League game, so Bin Hamman's criticism inevitably threw a roadblock across the plan.
But Premier League chief executive Richard Scudamore is working on a fine-tuned version with club chairmen and has realised it is essential to get the support of Asian's leading football figure.
A meeting between Scudamore and Bin Hammam has been arranged in London this week to underline the Premier League's intention to leave a positive legacy in Asia.
That has put Bin Hammam in a more conciliatory mood and he is willing to change his mind - as long as he sees concrete evidence that the English game will lay foundations for the long-term development of Asian football rather than just use the fixtures as a means to rake in huge sums of television and gate revenue.
"We had no contact at all before the news came out, zero. Their approach has changed now," Bin Hammam told journalists in London on Thursday.
"I am going to see a presentation with Richard (Scudamore) about what the Premier League can do to help football in Asia and around the world. We should be partners and know what is the benefit for us.
"I want all the technical assistance they can provide. I know some people will think financial assistance can be part of a deal but I am not welcoming that.
"Any assistance has to go to providing coaching, workshops and offering their academies to the young people.
"We want them to convey their experiences to us. We want them to share with us their secret of success; to tell us what are the keys that can help our football. By showing us administration, technical level and supporting our coaches.
"Until now, no Asian referees can take part in European football, even in the third level. By bringing our officials into their environment, these are things which will benefit us.
"There can be financial assistance but we must teach the people how to fish and survive for life and don't just give them the fish."
Bin Hammam, 60, was stunned when he first heard the Premier League plan but as a lifelong Liverpool fan he has always had an affinity with English football, so he is determined to foster a strong relationship with Scudamore.
"The moment some leagues are going to be played outside their territories, it is shocking news," he said. "You just want to digest it. To see the English league played in China or wherever is strange.
"I am not saying I have changed my mind totally but they are exploring ideas.
"In the past there were no ideas but now they know people want something left behind and they are up to the mark. There are no issues between Asia, myself and the Premier League.
"Whatever plans the Premier League has for its future the AFC is ready to advise and support.
"I'm proud of our relationship with the Premier League. There is too much foreign football on our continent but I'm a big fan of the Premier League."
The popularity of the Premier League in Asia has grown quickly over the last decade as television networks in the region feed fans a vast diet of live coverage from the English top-flight.
Bin Hammam isn't worried about losing fans to the Premier League but he would prefer a poriton of the television to remain in Asia.
"Most foreign revenue for the Premier League is coming from Asia. People love to see the Premier League clubs," he said.
"It doesn't worry me because of the fans. It worries and makes me nervous because of the tv channels that are willing to pay these huge amounts to show the Premier League and not to broadcast their local leagues.
"That is a worry, not fans attaching themselves to the Premier League."
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 6, 2011
|Priority date
|Jan 31, 2008
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Seiji Nakagawa
|Original Assignee
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (5), Classifications (6), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
Semiconductor lithography wafers are typically placed in an oven module for baking, usually after lithographical exposure. Although important to the manufacturing process, such post-exposure baking can cause problems if the wafer is not uniformly heated. During baking, the wafer will often warp in an unpredictable manner. Such warping leads to non-uniform heating, since some portions of the wafer may be closer to the heating element than other portions of the wafer. Non-uniform heating of the wafer can cause problems with the final product, such as the creation of non-uniform circuitry features.
There is a need for an oven that can more evenly heat the semiconductor wafer, even though the wafer may warp during heating. Such an oven may be able to provide relatively uniform heating even though the type and location of warping may be unpredictable for any given wafer. For example, warping may be concave or convex, and may occur in one or more locations. In addition to providing more uniform heating, the application of additional heat to portions of the wafer may actually cause the wafer to at least partially un-warp back to straighter profile. Such an oven may allow for more of a wafer to be utilized in the final product, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and increasing efficiency.
The oven may have a heating surface that is divided into a plurality of heating zones that may each independently provide a given amount of heat to the wafer. The amount of heat provided by each zone may be determined using signals from sensors that sense the warping of the wafer. In real time, the amount of heat for one or more of the zones may be adjusted to account for the wafer warping. For instance, if it is sensed that the wafer is moving further away from a zone, then that zone may increase the amount of heat to account for the increased gap between the surface of the zone and the wafer.
A controller may be implemented that controls how much heat is provided by each zone. The controller thus receives signals from the sensors and outputs command signals to each zone to provide a given amount of heat. The signals may be analog or digital, and they may be sent over separate conductors and/or multiplexed onto one or more shared conductors. The amount of heat provided by each zone may be completely independent of the amount of heat provided by other zones, or it may depend upon the amount of heat of another zone or zones, such as a neighboring zone.
These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments.
A more complete understanding of the present invention and the advantages thereof may be acquired by referring to the following description in consideration of the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers indicate like features, and wherein:
Referring to
Semiconductor wafer 104, once disposed in cavity 113, would be arranged to as to rest on or near a surface, referred to herein as a heating portion 103. Heating portion 103 is configured to apply heat to semiconductor wafer 104. Heating portion 103 is divided into a plurality of heating zones 201-215, which may be able to provide different amounts of heat independently of each other. Heating zones 201-215 are controlled by a controller 108, which provides heating command signals to heating zones 201-215 via conductive signal paths 109, such as wires. Controller 108 may control the amount of heat provided by each heating zone 201-215 in accordance with a pre-determined setting and/or in accordance with signals provided by one or more of a plurality of sensors 105, 106, 107, 250, 251, 252, 253. The signals provided by sensors 105-107, 250-253 are conveyed to controller 108 via conductive signal paths 110, such as wires.
Controller 108 may be any type of controller, such as a microprocessor, a digital circuit, and/or an analog circuit. Controller 108 may be embodied as a separate integrated circuit chip, it may be embodied as a set of discrete components, and/or it may be part of a larger circuit.
Heating zones 201-215 may each be embodied as any type of heating element, such as a resistive heating element or other known type of heating element. A resistive heating element produces heat from a resistor through which electrical current is passed. Although
A plurality of stops 110, 112, 260, 261, 262, 263 protrude upward away from base 101 and serve to define the boundary of the region in which semiconductor wafer 104 should be placed during heating. In this example, stops 110, 112, 260-263 are arranged in a circular pattern due to the circular shape of semiconductor wafer 104, such that semiconductor wafer 104 just fits within the area defined by the circular pattern. Stops 110, 112, 260-263 may also help prevent semiconductor wafer 104 from sliding due to any warping that may occur due to the heating of semiconductor wafer 104.
Sensors 105-107 and 250-253 are used to determine whether and where a warping occurs in semiconductor wafer 104 during heating. For instance, if semiconductor wafer 104 warps upward (away from heating portion 103) at a location over or otherwise near sensor 105, then sensor 105 would detect that a gap D (as shown in
Various situations involving warping of semiconductor wafer 104 will now be discussed. Referring to
As semiconductor wafer 104 warps in
Referring to
Another example of a warping of semiconductor wafer 104 is shown with reference to
It can therefore be seen that the particular heating zones that are adjusted to provide greater (or lesser) heat depends upon which portions of semiconductor wafer 104 are warped away from the heating zones. In addition, the amount of adjustment that is made may also depend upon the amount and location of the warp. For instance, where sensors 105-107, 250-253 are each able to determine not only whether a gap (or increased gap) exists, but also the extent of the gap. In such a case, the amount of heat increase of a given zone may be smaller for a smaller gap and larger for a larger gap. In addition, heat output patterns may be defined to be associated with sensed gap patterns. For example, if a relevant gap is sensed at first given set of sensors but a relevant gap is not sensed at a second given set of sensors, then the heat outputs for each of heating zones 201-215 may be pre-defined in a look-up table for that given sensed input.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Thus, an improved oven, such as a semiconductor wafer post-exposure bake oven, has been described. Using such an oven with automatically adjustable heat zones, the semiconductor wafer may be more uniformly heated than in conventional ovens. This may allow more of the semiconductor wafer to be used in the final product, thereby increasing manufacturing efficiency and lowering manufacturing costs.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 10, 1995
|Dec 14, 1999
|Mattson Technology, Inc.
|System and method for thermal processing of a semiconductor substrate
|Jul 8, 1999
|Mar 28, 2000
|Mattson Technology, Inc.
|System and method for thermal processing of a semiconductor substrate
|Jul 8, 1999
|Jan 9, 2001
|Mattson Technology, Inc.
|System and method for thermal processing of a semiconductor substrate
|May 19, 1999
|Feb 20, 2001
|Tokyo Electron Ltd.
|Heat treating apparatus
|Oct 25, 2000
|Jun 11, 2002
|Mattson Technology, Inc.
|System and method for thermal processing of a semiconductor substrate
|Oct 12, 2000
|Jun 11, 2002
|Micron Technology, Inc.
|Thermal conditioning apparatus
|Dec 1, 2005
|Jun 7, 2007
|Applied Materials, Inc.
|Multi-zone resistive heater
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 8, 2008
|Nov 26, 2013
|Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.
|Circuit board manufacturing method, semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, circuit board and semiconductor device
|May 15, 2009
|Jun 30, 2015
|Mattson Technology, Inc.
|Workpiece breakage prevention method and apparatus
|Dec 19, 2003
|Sep 16, 2004
|Camm David Malcolm
|Methods and systems for supporting a workpiece and for heat-treating the workpiece
|Feb 8, 2008
|Feb 18, 2010
|Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.
|Circuit board manufacturing method, semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, circuit board and semiconductor device
|May 15, 2009
|Jul 21, 2011
|David Malcolm Camm
|Workpiece breakage prevention method and apparatus
|U.S. Classification
|392/416, 118/725
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 4, 2008
Owner name: TOSHIBA AMERICA ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, INC., CALIF
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NAKAGAWA, SEIJI;REEL/FRAME:021036/0887
Effective date: 20080529
|Jun 28, 2010
Owner name: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA,JAPAN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TOSHIBA AMERICA ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:024603/0939
Effective date: 20100605
Owner name: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA, JAPAN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TOSHIBA AMERICA ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:024603/0939
Effective date: 20100605
|May 20, 2015
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"Justice League": Exploring How Superman Returns (Again)
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Warner Bros. sent out the first three images from the Jonah Hex animated short that can be found on the upcoming Batman: Under the Red Hood DVD.
This is the second DC Showcase animated short, following the Spectre one that appeared on the Justice League: Crisis on Two Earths DVD earlier this year. "Jonah Hex "is scripted by author Joe Lansdale and features the voices of Thomas Jane, Linda Hamilton, Michelle Trachtenberg and Michael Rooker.
According to the press release, "In the DC Showcase story, the tough-as-nails bounty hunter Jonah Hex
always gets his man – until someone else gets to him first – in this case a murderous madam who wants to steal more than just her bounty from Jonah Hex."
Batman: Under the Red Hood arrives in stores July 27. Check out a couple more images after the jump.
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13 yr old mare rides smooth. A project horse needs more time riding. She hasn't bucked but can be temperamental. Doesn't like to be alone. She has a loving…$800
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text:
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At Lake House we grow the things we enjoy eating, and between what we all like and what grows well we have achieved a good variety of foods without abandoning our organic principles. Everyone working a Lake House is totally committed to this way of farming and it is a matter of great pride to us that we hold the Soil Association certificate of organic status. It takes a minimum of two years' conversion to be awarded this status, and the standards are extremely strict.
We do produce a lot of vegetables at Lake but, apart from the occasional surplus which is given away to visitors and neighbors, it really does all get eaten. From the day we moved in, Lake House has been host to a constant stream of visitors, to the point where it often feels as if we are running a small hotel. First there were builders, then Sting's band and crew (two albums have been conceived and recorded here), plus video crews, family, friends -- people from all walks of life. Lake House has also hosted two family weddings, our children's christenings and several birthday celebrations. When we have parties here, we really make the most of it. The house comes into its own on these occasions and we always try to include some extra element of entertainment.
Lake House is a special place and Sting and I feel very lucky to have found our own little corner of England. During summer evenings we can often be found sitting outside the front step, just as we did as children. The doorstep might be a bit more grand but basically we are the same. It is as if we have finally found our real home.
Basmati Rice with Shrimp and Exotic Fruit
2 1/2 cups Light Chicken Stock or water
1 tablespoonunsalted butter
1 small onion, cut into 1/4 -inch pieces
1 cup brown basmati rice
1 1/2 tablespoons currants
4 teaspoons sliced almonds
1 1/2 teaspoons Madras curry powder
1/2 teaspoon saffron threads
1 teaspoon salt
1 heaped tablespoon finely diced peeled Granny Smith apple
1 heaped tablespoon finely diced pineapple
1 heaped tablespoon finely diced mango
1 heaped tablespoon finely diced banana
1 ounce (1/4 cup) cooked baby shrimp
10 cilantro leaves, torn
Preheat the oven to 450°F. In a small saucepan, heat the stock to a low simmer. In a flameproof casserole over a moderate heat, combine the butter and onion and cook, stirring occasionally for 1 1/2 minutes, until soft but not colored. Add the rice, currants, almonds, curry powder, saffron and salt and stir until the rice is toasted and well coated with the other ingredients.
Add the hot stock, stir, cover, and transfer the casserole to the oven for 45 to 50 minutes. Remove from the oven and let stand for 10 minutes without lifting the lid.
Uncover and fluff the rice with a fork. Gently fold in the pineapple, apple, mango, banana, shrimp, and cilantro leaves and serve.
Stilton Bread
1 tablespoon plus 2 1/2 teaspoons honey
1 tablespoon unsalted butter, softened
2 teaspoons active dry yeast
5 1/2 to 6 cups white bread flour
2 teaspoons salt
1/2 cup milk powder
1 large egg, lightly beaten
1 pound (4 cups) Stilton cheese, grated
Freshly ground black pepper
In the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with dough hook, combine the honey, butter and yeast with 2 cups of room-temperature water and stir until well combined. Meanwhile, combine the flour, milk powder and salt in a medium-sized bowl. Slowly add the flower mixture to the mixer. Beat together on medium speed until a ball of dough forms around the hook. Knead for 8 to 10 minutes.
Remove the dough from the mixer and transfer to a floured surface. Knead for 5 minutes or until smooth, silky dough is formed. Cover with a kitchen towel and leave to rise at room temperature until doubled in size.
On a lightly floured surface, divide the dough into 3 equal balls, approximately 1 pound each. Roll each ball into a 10-inch circle about 1/2 inch thick. Lightly brush the dough with some of the beaten egg then, leaving a 1-inch border, cover the surface of each circle with 1 cup of the grated Stilton and grind some pepper over.
Bring the edges of each circle up into the shape of a ball, being sure to completely enclose the cheese. Place the 3 loaves on a parchment-lined baking sheet and cover with a kitchen towel. Let rise at room temperature for 30 to 40 minutes. Meanwhile, heat the oven to 375°F.
Brush the risen loaves with the remaining egg. Divide the rest of the Stilton among the tops of each loaf, placing it in the center. Bake for 25 to 30 minutes or until golden brown. Cool on a rack.


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