text:
The engagement ring is arguably one of the most important parts of any marriage proposal. Getting the ring right is one of the most important choices that your man will have to make before popping that all-important question. When it comes to engagement rings, it's vital to have a good understanding of the type and style that you prefer, since after all, you'll be wearing this ring for the rest of your life! If you or your man needs help picking out the perfect engagement ring, we've put … [Read more...]
Lip Piercing – Is It Really Worth It?
Today getting a lip piercing is quite trendy and has been gaining immense popularity throughout the years. Earlier, lip rings or lip labrets were worn by sports icons, film stars and other celebrities which later quite became a trend among the masses. With this new trend, spreading quite fast, lip piercings and use of lip jewelry has become a concept of rebelliousness, independence and also a way of self expression. No wonder, increasing number of teenagers are now getting lip labrets or have … [Read more...]
Fashion Trend Alert: Wooden Rings
Important Considerations to Make When Choosing Wooden Rings For most people, finding the right accessories are important due to the increased aesthetic appeal they can offer. Taking the time to figure out which of the accessories on the market is the right fit will take some time and effort. Among the most unique and great looking accessories that you can get is a wooden ring. There are wood rings in all shapes and sizes, which means that you will need to figure out what type is the best fit … [Read more...]
Gift Ideas: Fashionable Women's Rings For Every Budget
A jewelry set is never complete without the elegance of a ring. When you decide to gift a ring to your loved one make sure that you are aware of her taste and sense of style. If she has a vintage taste then she would surely love to wear a vintage styled platinum ring. While these days there are huge amount of women who just love to shop for couple's rings along with their spouse. A combo shaped women's ring that has a nice mix of metal framework would surely make her feel special, … [Read more...]
The Benefits of Wearing the Best Titanium Necklaces
There are many benefits to wearing titanium necklaces. Interestingly, however, some strange opinions have surfaced online in relation to how efficient these necklaces actually are. Some people suggest that they are no better than any other type of necklace, whereas other say they are the best thing since sliced bread. Interestingly, celebrities seem to favor the latter camp, with many professional athletes having been spotted wearing titanium. What Is Titanium? Titanium is a metal and … [Read more...]
How Do I Clean my Diamond Jewelry Regularly Without Damaging it?
Image by: Andrew Magill via flickr Do you only wear your treasured diamond jewelry and other precious gem stones on special occasions because you're worried that wearing them more frequently may require regular cleanings – and those cleanings may very well damage them? Well, we have some good news! You can pull out those precious baubles more often because cleaning them will actually not damage them all provided you do it properly. It is much easier than you think. Whether you wear your … [Read more...]
5 Reasons To Sell Your Diamond Ring When Times Get Rough
If a diamond is a girl's best friend then it will indeed be of great help in her time of trouble! That it exactly what it has done for many women in times that they needed to part with it in order to get some money. Today, for various reasons, women choose to part ways with their precious possessions, either due to a troubled or broken marriage, their engagement rings bring back far too many memories, or they just want to exchange it and make way for a new diamond ring! Selling off your … [Read more...]
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June 1, 2014
Rice's second loss of the Regional, which followed a tough defeat in extra innings in the very early morning hours Sunday, closed out the Owls' season record at 42-20. Texas A&M survived to meet Texas in Sunday's second game of the Regional, a possible championship game for the Longhorns but another elimination game for the Aggies.
Playing as the visiting team in the NCAA Tournament format, Rice opened the scoring with a pair of runs in the top of the fifth inning. Shane Hoelscher, Connor Teykl and Ford Stainback hit consecutive one-out singles for the first run. Hunter Kopycinski's textbook sacrifice bunt moved the runners to second and third. Leon Byrd followed with an infield hit to score Teykl for a 2-0 advantage.
The Owls added two more in the sixth. Keenan Cook was hit by a pitch and Skyler Ewing singled. Michael Aquino sacrificed two runners to second and third, and the strategy worked to perfection. Hoelscher singled through the right side for a pair of RBI and a 4-0 lead.
Rice's third two-run frame was in the seventh. Aquino drove-in Leon Byrd from third with the bases-loaded. Charlie Warren sprinted home on an Aggie wild pitch for a 6-0 lead.
Texas A&M continued to fight, and battled back in the bottom of the frame. Cole Lankford's grand slam homer was the highlight of a five-hit, five-run outburst that cut the margin back down to one, 6-5. The Aggies put together four more hits for two runs in the bottom of the eighth to take the lead, 7-6.
Down to their final two outs in the ninth, Rice's Skyler Ewing connected on a 1-1 pitch for a home run to left field. The Arlington, Texas, blasted his ninth home run of the season to make it a 7-7 game.
In the tenth the Owls went back in front, 8-7. Kirby Taylor singled down the right field line, and went to second on a Stainback sacrifice bunt. Taylor hustled home on Kopycinski's single to left-center field.
Rice now needed just three outs to win and advance. The Blue & Gray had had not fielded particularly well throughout the tournament, and it was fielding that was costly at the end. The Owls had a chance to be out of the bottom of the tenth and batting in the top of the eleventh, but A&M took advantage of its extended life to eventually win on a Rice wild pitch in a 9-8 final.
Rice head coach Wayne Graham, who has now completed his 23rd season at the helm of the program, had high praise for the team coming back from the late/early morning finish and collecting a dozen hits. He was also proud of pitchers getting tough and battling through 21 total innings in a very short turnaround time. The Owls fielding however...
"I thought our hitters hit well, our pitchers pitched well, and that's all I'm going to say (about three facets of the game)," Graham said. "I thought we were ready to go. It's incredible. It seems like sometimes when you start having misplays it sometimes becomes contagious. (Mistakes, both physical and mental) they all bother me. You tend to believe that the mental mistakes you should be able to overcome or remove."
"I'm shocked right now (about the way in which the season ended), but I'm fairly resilient," the head coach said. "I'm sure, just like the young men, I'll be over it tomorrow. I'm looking forward to next year."
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
LARNED - Sherry Lynn Robinson, 38, died March 21 at Pawnee Valley Community Hospital. She was born April 4, 1974, the daughter of Donald Robinson and Linda Anderson. She worked as a CNA/CMA at Pawnee Valley Hospital for many years, traveling to facilities through the All Staff agency.
GREAT BEND - Hilda Eleanor Meisner, 91, died March 20, 2013 at Cherry Village Nursing Home, Great Bend.
EUREKA - Marvin Lee (Sonny) French, 89, died on March 14th. Born on Nov. 7, 1923, in Hamilton, he was the son of Theodore and Theresa (Groom) French.
HOISINGTON - Claire Billie Hadley, 80, died on March 16 at Southwind Hospice in Pratt. Born Dec. 19, 1932 in Escanaba, Mich., she was the daughter of William and Wava (Snow) Sargent. On Jan. 21, 1950 she married Ray C. Hadley in Guthrie, Okla. He died on Feb. 21, 2006. A Barton County resident since 1963,coming from Wichita, she was the secretary for her and her husband's business, Hadley Roofing Company.
STAFFORD - Donald Gene Newell, 63, died March 16 at the Stafford County Hospital. Born April 28, 1949 in Stafford, he was the son of Donald Gene and Dorothy Marenchin Newell. A lifetime Stafford resident, he was a farmer. On May 28, 1978 he married Debra J. Witt in Hudson. She died on Dec. 2, 2007. He then married Jenny Fox Kisner on Aug. 24 in Great Bend.
LOST SPRINGS - Maggie Wirtz, 79, died on March 14 at Medicalodges of Herington. She was bon on July 15, 1933 in Olmitz.
SALINA --Norma "Jean" Copeland, 89, died March 13, 2013 at Kansas University Medical Center. She was born December 30, 1924, at Coffeyville, Kansas to Earl R. and Dollie M. (Young) Ford.
Larry Dean Lunsford, 77, died March 14, 2013 at Ellinwood District Hospital. He was born Jan. 13, 1936 at Cunningham, the son of Ronald R. "Blackie" & Velma Mae (Waters) Lunsford.
MT. HOPE - Harold D. Adams, 89, went to be with his Lord on March 15, 2013. He was born March 1, 1924 in St. John. He graduated from Anthrium High School in 1941.
ELLINWOOD - Cora Louisa Pennington, 98, passed away peacefully on Feb. 27th. Born May 24, 1914 in Bunker Hill, she was the daughter of Arthur Sellens and Mary (Chenoweth) Sellens, one of five children. In 1932 she graduated from Haviland Friends Academy. She was honored as one of three remaining graduates surviving from her class at the 2011 reunion. A resident of Ellinwood for over 50 years, she was a self-employed beautician.
SALINA - Norma Jean Copeland, 88, of Salina, died March 13. Ryan Mortuary, Salina will be handling arrangements.
Larry Dean Lunsford, 77, Great Bend, died March 14 at Ellinwood District Hospital in Ellinwood. Services are pending with Bryant Funeral Home, Great Bend.
HOLYROOD - Brittney Mishel Montalbo died on March 7 in Lakeland, Fla. She was born Nov. 1, 1989 in Woolford Hall Hospital in San Antonio, Texas. Raised in Pleasanton, Texas, she graduated from high school in Fort Worth, Texas.
CHENEY - Virginia Caroline Bussman, 85, passed away Feb. 22, 2013 in Cheney.
LARNED - Betty Jo (Jody) Rader, 82, died March 10, at Country Place Senior Living in Larned. Born Jan. 29, 1931 in Greensburg, she was the daughter of Merle and Muriel Ratliff Kelly. In 1949 she graduated from Greensburg High school. On Aug. 7, 1949, she married Dorl Rader in Greensburg. He survives. She was a doctor's nurse for Doctors Cram, Blount, Brenner, Ewing and Smith in Greensburg.
Page 150 of 296
TOPEKA - Marilyn Dobratz, 87, passed away Friday, June 10, 2016, after a short illness. Born June 9, 1929, in Salina, she was the daughter of ...
BURDETT - Dora May Cooley, 87, passed away June 11, 2016, at Edwards County Hospital in Kinsley. Born Nov. 8, 1928, in Larned, she was the ...
Helen Marie Finger, 89, died early on the morning of June 10 at the Hospice of Reno County in Hutchinson after a brave struggle against ...
Jay Allen Riegel, 59, died June 10, 2016, at Great Bend Regional Hospital. Born Feb. 8, 1957 at Great Bend, he was the son of ...
Deborah Sue "Deb" Ballard, 50, passed away June 8, 2016 at her daughter's home. Born March 1, 1966, she was the daughter of Charles ...
Rev. Lee Allen Stubblefield, at the age of 78, one of God's most faithful servants was called home on June 10, 2016 at Leisure ...
GARDEN CITY - Robert Louis Maxwell, 89, died June 8, 2016, at the Shepherd's Center in Cimarron. Funeral arrangements are pending and will be announced ...
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List all words ending with flophouse
Only the word flophouse was found, nothing longer.
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Registered Kentucky Mountain Mare. Unique chocolate roan (blue roan) color with flaxen mane & tail. 14.3 hands. 11 years old. Stocky build. Great personality…$5,000
Leonidas Kd (pending) aka "Leo" is a purebred Lusitano yearling. Sired by dressage stallion Maquiavelo out of the Dam Odisea. Leo is a flashy, bold boy…$12,000
Not only is Star beautiful and exceptionally well trained; his personality makes him one of the best family horses we've ever had on the ranch because…$12,000
WOW this one is very special. Royal Silver Rain. Special pre-wean price. BLK Silver Dapple Filly. XXPretty! Proven very Deep Bloodlines. Shes gonna…No Price Listed
Not only is Cooper gorgeous, but he has been a solid ranch horse. He was used on the ranch for doctoring, gathering, and dragging calves to the fire. He…$15,000
All horses sire are Arabians either Heritage bey King or Hey's Desiny. Dams vary from Arabians to Saddlebred. Great breeding linages. Geldings, fillies…$2,000
Nice TWH mare . Loves to trail ride . Front , Middle or back. UTD on everything . Great ground manners. Stands for mounting. Good for Farrier and Vet.…$1,000
Registered TWH black gelding named "Black", but sells with no papers. He is 18 years old. Black is a handsome, sweet-natured Tennessee Walking Horse who…$950


text:
Hotel Posada Don Jaime, Sierra de Guadarrama (area)
- Free WiFi
Main amenities
- 8 guestrooms
- Indoor pool
- Breakfast available
- Self parking
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Garden
- Library
- Lobby fireplace
- Laundry service
- Meeting room
- Multilingual staff
For families
- Cribs/infant beds available
- Rollaway/extra beds available
- Private bathroom
- Garden
- Daily housekeeping
- Hair dryer
What's around
- In a regional park
- Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (0.4 mi / 0.6 km)
- El Real Coliseo de Carlos III Theater (0.2 mi / 0.3 km)
- Auditorio San Lorenzo de El Escorial Theater (0.3 mi / 0.5 km)
- Friars' Garden (0.5 mi / 0.8 km)
- Casita del Infante (1 mi / 1.6 km)
I was traveling with my husband, for a relaxing weekend and everything was wonderful. The only thing you must know is that there is no tv in the room. For us it was not important…
Hotel Posada Don Jaime, Sierra de Guadarrama (area)
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117
- Junior Double Room, Jetted Tub
- Standard Double Room
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 8 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 2 floors
- Check-in time 2 PM-10 PM
- Check-out time is noon
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- No pets or service animals allowed
Extra people
- Roll-away beds available, charges may apply*
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Self parking *
Nearby Two Star Sierra de Guadarrama (area) hotels
In the hotel
- Continental breakfast daily (surcharge)
- Barbeque grills
- Indoor pool
- Number of meeting rooms - 1
- Conference space size (meters) - 25
- One meeting room
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Year Built 1880
- Designated smoking areas (fines apply)
- Garden
- Library
- Fireplace in lobby
- Television in common areas
In the room
- Air conditioning
- Private bathroom
- Jetted bathtub
- Hair dryer
- Free WiFi
- Daily housekeeping
Top Sierra de Guadarrama (area) hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Sierra de Guadarrama (area)
- Hotel Sercotel Infanta IsabelFrom
"Nice hotel. Rooms are outdated but the excellent location makes up for that. The valet parking was a big plus. Enjoyed our stay."Jun 11, 2016
- Hotel Condes de CastillaFrom
"We have nice staying in this hotel, the receptionist did all their best to help us. Also the dinner in the restaurant was nice and traditioanl "Jun 8, 2016
- CandidoFrom
"The hotel is beautiful. The lobby and room very artfully decorated. The bathroom has 2 sinks and is excellent. The spa looks beautiful as well. The pool is located in the spa…"May 25, 2016
- Hotel San Antonio El RealFrom
"Hotel comodo y centrico, buen staff habitaciones comodas y elegantes."May 25, 2016
Nearby hotels
Special features
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Golf lessons available nearby
- Golfing nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Kayaking nearby
- Mountain biking nearby
- Sailing nearby
- Snowshoeing nearby
- Water skiing nearby
- Windsurfing nearby
Hotel Posada Don Jaime, Sierra de Guadarrama (area)'s small print
Also known as
- Hotel Posada Don Jaime
- Hotel Posada Don Jaime San Lorenzo de El Escorial
- Posada Don Jaime
- Posada Don Jaime San Lorenzo de El Escorial
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2500, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.
This property does not have elevators.
The name on the credit card used at check-in to pay for incidentals must be the primary name on the guestroom reservation.
Optional extras
Self parking is available for an extra charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


text:
sales jobs near Spring House, PA
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DE Mortgage Underwriter (Fort Washington, PA)
Ditech Financial LLC - Fort Washington, PA
Work with clients (Correspondent) and team members (Underwriters,Table Funding, Correspondent Team Leaders, and Account Executives) to identify potential...
Inside Sales Service Specialist
Spring City Electrical Mfg. - Spring City, PA
Inside Sales Service Duties. Excellent benefit package. BS degree in Business or similar. Salesforce entry for all leads, orders and quotations....
Inside Technical Sales and Estimation
Johnson March Systems, Inc - Warminster, PA
After submitting the proposal, the candidate would work along with the outside sales team to convert their proposal into an order....
Retail Wireless Sales Consultant
Go Wireless - Horsham, PA
As a Verizon Wireless Premium Retailer, we offer a competitive compensation package that includes base pay plus unlimited commission potential, excellent...
Seeking Sales Professional
Lansdale Chrysler Dodge Jeep RAM Fiat - Montgomeryville, PA
Sales and Customer Service:. Automotive sales experience is preferred but we will consider the right individual with sales or customer service experience....
Mid-Market Sales-Philadelphia
Interactive Intelligence Inc. - Philadelphia, PA
7 years total sales experience. The Mid-Market Sales is a field-based sales role with primary responsibilities of direct and indirect sales and related...
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Colonial Supply Co., Inc. - Philadelphia, PA
Greets customers on sales floor. Prepares cash or charge sales tickets with required identification, necessary information for customer, merchandise, price, and...
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PPG Industries - Philadelphia, PA
He Home Depot, Contractor, Sales, Professional, Rural, Commerical, Industrial, Sales, Retail, Big Box, Careers, Sales, Contractor, Professional, Territory,...
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Atlantic Roofing Corp. - Philadelphia, PA
The ideal candidates will have sales experience with EPDM, TPO, BUR, Modified Cold and Torch Applied roofs. Is a well-established Pennsylvania roofing company...
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 7, 1984
|Filing date
|Jul 7, 1981
|Priority date
|Aug 2, 1980
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Kurt Burger, Heinz Friedrich, Heiko Gruner, Karl-Otto Linn, Erich Zabler
|Original Assignee
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (12), Referenced by (36), Classifications (18), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The invention relates to a thin-film circuit element or circuit structure which can be used as a temperature sensor or as part of the further thin-film circuit which is temperature compensated or which has a predetermined temperature coefficient of operation, for example a frequency controlled circuit in an oscillator which may form part of the clock circuit of a microcomputer or microprocessor.
Various types of thin-film circuits having predetermined temperature coefficients of resistance have been proposed, used essentially in temperature sensors. One such arrangement utilizes a thin-film temperature sensor for rapid measuring of temperature in liquids in gases. The sensor has a temperature sensitive element made of a layer of nickel which is applied directly or over an adhesion-promoting intermediate layer of high-resistance material to an insulating substrate plate. The nickel layer forming the temperature sensing element is applied, preferably, in undulating or meander shape as a thin film, forming a planar pattern on the substrate plate. The layer of nickel, and, if needed and used, the intermediate layer, are applied to the substrate by powder deposition. The particular shape of the temperature sensing element is then formed by selective etching, using a mask, in accordance with well known photo masking and etching technology.
It is an object to form a thin-film circuit which has a controlled and readily predetermined temperature coefficient of operation, for example a specific temperature coefficient of resistance, useful as a temperature sensor or, and particularly when used in combination with other circuit elements, which may be discrete circuit elements, to compensate variations in characteristics with temperatures of the other elements to maintain a uniform, all-over circuit characteristic, for example a uniform operating frequency of an oscillator circuit.
Briefly, a substrate has applied thereto two respectively distinct thin-film resistance layers, in which the respective thin-film resistance layers are interconnected and have individually different temperature coefficients of resistance, to provide, in view of the interconnection, a circuit element in which the overall temperature coefficient of resistance is controlled and may have a predetermined value.
The thin-film structure of the present invention has the advantage that the coating of the thin-film structure can be applied without requiring further matching of the temperature coefficient of the thin-film structure without external or additional elements. Thus, the entire thin-film circuit arrangement has, inherently, a controlled temperature coefficient of operation, for example uniform operation independent of temperature variation.
The thin-film structure can be used as part of a thin-film hybrid circuit, as well as for thin-film temperature sensors. The combination of resistance elements with different temperature coefficients permits controlled adjustment of the overall temperature coefficient of the entire element, forming a resistance for example. The thin-film arrangement can be used, for example, to control a temperature coefficient of an overall resistance element in such a manner that, for example, the temperature variation or tolerance of mass-produced resistors is compensated so that the overall temperature coefficient of resistance of the mass-produced resistor in combination with the thin-film circuit of the present invention will be essentially zero. Thus, the tolerance variations of mass-produced resistors are compensated by thin-film elements in accordance with the present invention having an oppositely directed temperature coefficient of resistance. The external element may be a resistor or an impedance element such as, for example, a capacitor or an inductance. The temperature coefficient of resistance of the thin-film circuit so affects an existing circuit that the temperature coefficient of operation of the external or existing circuit is compensated by the temperature coefficient of resistance of the thin-film circuit alone, or in combination with additional circuit elements, such as a plain resistor, or an impedance element such as a capacitor or a coil, forming, for example, an R/C element.
When used as a temperature sensor, the element is particularly suitable, for example, to determine ambient air temperature and provide an air temperature signal to an on-board signal processor or computer in a motor vehicle. Such elements must be accurate in the signal output and, additionally, have to be all the same so that they can be readily interchanged. Such interchangeability can be obtained only if not only the inherent resistance at a given temperature of all elements is the same, but also if the temperature coefficient upon varying temperatures is the same.
FIG. 1a is a highly schematic plan view of a series circuit temperature sensing element;
FIG. 1b is the equivalent electrical circuit;
FIG. 2a is a highly schematic plan view of a parallel circuit sensor;
FIG. 2b is the equivalent electrical circuit;
FIG. 3a is a plan view of a combination series-parallel circuit sensor;
FIG. 3b is the equivalent electrical circuit diagram;
FIG. 4, collectively, illustrates a hybrid circuit element, and steps in the manufacture thereof, wherein
FIG. 4a is a plan view;
FIG. 4b is a side view;
FIG. 4c is a side view after tinning;
FIG. 4d is a detailed equivalent electrical circuit;
FIG. 4e is an overall electrical circuit with a capacitor impedance element;
FIG. 4f is an equivalent electrical circuit with an inductance impedance element; and
FIG. 4g is a highly schematic representation of the circuit as part of a microprocessor.
FIG. 1, collectively, illustrates a temperature sensor which has a temperature-dependent resistor 10 which is series connected with a temperature-independent resistor 11. The resistance of temperature-dependent resistor 10 is schematically shown as RTaNi since, preferably, the temperature-dependent thin-film resistor is made of a tantalum nickel compound. The temperature-independent resistor 11, being made only of tantalum, is indicated at RTa. The region below the broken line A includes two connecting tabs 12, 13; this region is tinned. The tantalum resistor 11 is not tin-coated. Tinning can be carried out in a solder bath; since tantalum is not wetted by solder, no solder or tin will adhere thereto. The tinned portion, of course, is highly conductive.
As used herein, the terms "tantalum", "tantalum layer", "tantalum resistor", and the like, will be used in order to simplify the terminology for the layer; they are deemed to include, however, not only pure tantalum, but also tantalum nitride, or tantalum oxinitride, for example. The equivalent circuit of FIG. 1b clearly shows that, initially, the temperature-independent tantalum resistor 11 is shunted or bridged by a bridge connection 14. The thin film is applied to a substrate 9, shown schematically only in chain-dotted lines and only in FIG. 1a; similar substrates are used in the other embodiments and have been omitted therefrom for ease of illustration.
The thin-film arrangements in accordance with FIGS. 2 and 3, collectively, are basically similarly constructed and similar elements have been given the same reference numeral. A temperature-independent resistor 15 (RTa) is connected in parallel to the temperature-dependent resistor 10 (RTaNi). The unit of FIG. 3 includes a series resistor 11 as well as a parallel resistor 15, both of which are temperature-independent, and thus have resistances generally shown as RTa. A further connection tab 16 is provided in both of the structures of FIGS. 2 and 3 for the parallel resistor 15. The region below the broken line A, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, is tinned and thus highly conductive, for example by having been dipped into a solder bath, in order to provide good terminal contacts for the element. The tantalum resistors 11, 15 again will be free from tin.
Tantalum nickel, that is, TaNi, thin-film temperature resistors can have a temperature coefficient of resistance which is essentially independent of the thickness of the film layer if the film layer does not exceed about 250 nm by suitable choice of production methods, as well known. Such temperature sensors have a temperature coefficient of resistance, hereinafter TCR, of about 5.5.10-3 /�C. and an area resistance of 0.5 ohm. It has been found that such temperature-dependent resistors which are made in mass production will have a dispersion tolerance of �10% from a commanded or desired value and a dispersion tolerance of the temperature coefficient of resistance of �4% from commanded or desired value. The tolerances are due to inaccuracies in manufacture. The deviation of the resistance from commanded value can be compensated by calibration by means of a laser, for example to an accuracy of �0.1%.
The present invention provides an element in which not only the resistance is accurately calibrated but, additionally, the temperature coefficient of the thin-film arrangement likewise is calibrated--which was not possible to do heretofore. This is particularly important if the element is to be used as a temperature sensor to determine, for example, ambient temperature in combination with the on-board computer of a motor vehicle in which, in order to permit interchangeability of TaNi sensors both the resistance as well as the temperature coefficient are all accurately matched, and hence are capable of being calibrated with high accuracy to a desired or command value.
The layer system which is used in the thin-film elements in accordance with the present invention employs a tantalum layer on which a nickel layer is applied. The tantalum layer, applied to a substrate 9, for example of ceramic, is capable of providing essentially temperature-independent resistors which are stable over long periods of time. A nickel layer is placed over the tantalum layer, the nickel layer being selectively etched off from the tantalum layer. The tantalum layer which is left will have a thickness of about 50 nm. The square or area resistance of the tantalum layer is greater by a factor of at least 100 than the area or square resistance of the nickel layer. The influence of the tantalum layer on the temperature resistance change of the nickel layer is practically neglectable. The adhesion of the nickel layer on the substrate, however, is substantially improved by the presence of the tantalum layer beneath the nickel layer.
The thin-film element, as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, thus includes two areal single layers, both stable in their characteristics over long periods of time, and which are treated by means of etching, especially by masking or photo etching technology, in accordance with any well known process. The photographic etching technology is used to form a meander-shaped nickel path or track to define the temperature-dependent resistor 10 on the composite tantalum-nickel layer. Where the nickel layer is entirely removed, the temperature-independent resistor 11 is formed from the overall structure.
The tantalum-nickel layer system can, thus, provide two different resistors on a single substrate upon application, essentially, of one composite layer of nickel over tantalum and by selective etching, and thus provide temperature-independent resistors 11, 15, where the resistor is formed only by tantalum, as well as the temperature-dependent resistor 10, where the resistor is, essentially, formed by the nickel layer over the tantalum. This capability of forming both temperature-independent resistors 11, 15 as well as the temperature-dependent resistor 10 permits calibration of the temperature coefficient of resistance of the nickel-tantalum layer and thus to the possibility to calibrate the temperature coefficient of the overall element by series and/or parallel connection of the two resistance types--temperature-independent resistors 11, 15 and the temperature-dependent resistor 10. In this manner, the temperature coefficient of the overall layer system, Ni+Ta, of the resistors can be controlled to a predetermined value by selective interconnection of at least two thin-film resistance elements, namely the elements having the resistances RTaNi and RTa, each with a different temperature coefficient of resistance. The overall layer system of nickel and tantalum thus is used to make the temperature-dependent resistor RTaNi and the tantalum portion of the layer system is used to make the temperature-independent resistor RTa. Thus, the temperature coefficient of resistance of the overall resistor can be controlled by selective series connection--see FIG. 1, parallel connection--see FIG. 2, or series-parallel connection--see FIG. 3, of the temperature-independent resistors 11, 15 respectively and the respective temperature-dependent resistor 10. The temperature coefficient of the overall system or element can be changed in the combination within the limits of the temperature coefficients of the individual resistance components.
When using the thin-film system to make a temperature sensor, the temperature coefficient of the temperature-dependent thin-film resistor 10 is controlled to have a predetermined lower value by adding an essentially temperature-independent thin-film resistor 11 or 15 in the circuit. The temperature coefficient of the IaNi layer is arranged to fall on the lower limit of the tolerance range in the manufacture, that is, within the permitted or tolerance deviation arising in manufacture. The calibration of the temperature coefficient of the overall structure then is effected by compensation of the variations in characteristics of the temperature-dependent element 10 by series or series-parallel connection of the tantalum resistor 11, so that the tolerance range from a predetermined commanded or desired value can be eliminated.
The meander-shaped portion of the sensor retains the combination made of tantalum and nickel; in the range of the temperature-independent compensating resistor 11, the uppermost nickel layer is removed by etching. In the zones on the substrate where no meander-shaped track and no resistor is to be placed, both the nickel and the tantalum layer are etched off, to leave only the meander-shaped TaNi track of the sensor portion, the Ta region of the resistor 11, and the connecting tabs 12, 13, which can be tinned.
Example of a temperature sensor, Example 1: A temperature sensor is to be provided which has a resistance of 1000 ohms at a nominal temperature of 20� C. The resistance R=1000 ohms is a composite, in accordance with the arrangement of FIG. 1, as follows:
R=RTa +RTaNi =1000 ohms.
The mathematical derivation is given on the listing of formulae attached hereto and forming part of this specification, wherein TCR stands for the temperature coefficient of resistance in relation to the appropriate subscript. See equations (1) to (6).
TCRTa =8.0�10-5 /�C.�10%,
if tantalum oxinitride is used as the practically temperature-independent resistance. The subscript "com" stands for "command, so that TCRcom is the commanded or desired temperature coefficient of resistance.
The temperature coefficient of the sensor having a TaNi layer has a tolerance band or range of between 5.2 . . . 5.6�10-3 /�C. The temperature coefficient of resistance of the tantalum-nickel layer should be so calibrated that it falls on the lower level of the range of tolerance, that is, for example on 5.2�10-3 /�C. which can be accomplished by the various circuit arrangements illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3. Due to the essential temperature indepence of the tantalum resistor 11, the resulting temperature coefficient of the overall system can be calibrated only to the lower value of the tolerance range. In the example given, and with the layers as described,
RTaNi =928.6 ohms . . . 1000 ohms
RTa =71.4 ohms . . . 0 ohms.
The values given are appropriate at the above referred-to value R=1000 ohms for a calibration temperature of 20� C.
Calibration: First, the temperature-independent resistor 11 is bridged or shunted by the shunt 14. The unit is then aged, in accordance with well known methods, for example by heat treatment, to increase the long-time stability of the thin-film layer resistors. Thereafter, the layer resistance of the temperature-dependent resistor is measured at different temperatures, for example at 0� C. From these measurements, the temperature coefficient TCRact =TCRTaNi can be determined, wherein the subscript "act" stands for "actual". The predetermined temperature coefficient TCRcom at the lower limit is 5.2�10-3 /�C. In a serial connection in accordance with FIG. 1, the R=RTa +RTaNi ; from which, approximately, equation (6) results, wherein TCRTa is considered to be zero, since the value will be so small that it can be neglected. Equation (6) is also reproduced on the listing of equations.
From the foregoing mathematical derivation, and upon knowing the temperature coefficient of resistance, and the overall resistance of the resistors 10, 11 at the calibration temperature, the values for the resistances 10, 11--at calibration temperature--can be calculated. At the predetermined calibration temperature--in the example selected 20� C.--the resistor 10 is calibrated to the calculated value. Thereafter, the bridge 14 is severed, so that the electrical shunt formed thereby is removed, and the resistor 11 is calibrated to its calculated value, so that the overall resistance R=RTa +RTaNi =1000 ohms is obtained. Calibration of the respective resistors to the calculated resistance values can be done, for example, by selective vaporization by a laser beam or the like, in accordance with known technology.
Embodiment of FIG. 2, parallel connection: Basically, the sequence of calibration is similar. Initially, measurement is done separately of the resistor 10 and the resistor 15 and, to do so, a connection between the tabs 12, 16 is interrupted. After measuring the resistance of resistor 10 at different temperatures, for example again at 0� C. and 100� C., and subsequent computation of the temperature coefficient of resistance of resistor 10, that is, TCRTaNi, the resistances are calculated in accordance with the equations (7), (8), (9).
The resistances of the temperature-dependent resistors are determinable from the equations (7), (8), (9); the essentially temperature-independent resistor, RTa, is assumed to have a coefficient of zero since, as in the example of FIG. 1, its temperature coefficient is so small that it can be neglected.
After computation of the resistance values and calibration of the resistance values of the respective resistors, again for example by a controlled laser beam, the connecting flags or terminals 12, 16 are joined.
Embodiment of FIG. 3: The combined series-parallel resistance circuit in accordance with FIG. 3 can be calculated in accordance with the procedure explained in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2. The arrangement of FIG. 3 can be useful for special applications, for example if the resistance of resistor 10 must be equal to the overall resistance. In that case, an increased overall resistance value must be compensated for by a further connection of a resistor which does not have any substantial resistance change with temperature, i.e. by use of a parallel resistor 15.
The region 8, shown only in FIG. 1a, has a continuous meander track of the resistor 10. The region 8' below the broken line A, and up to the dotted line B, and which has been tinned by dip-soldering, is preferably encapsulated. The substrate 9, then, will have a projecting sensing resistor 10, projecting from the encapsulated main portion on the one side and terminal tabs 12, 13 on the other. Terminal 16, if used (FIGS. 2, 3) is shorted to terminal 12 upon tinning. A suitable arrangement on the substrate of the resistors 11 and 15 is shown in FIGS. 2a and 3a, for example.
Embodiment of FIG. 4: FIG. 4g shows a hybrid circuit used, for example, in combination with a temperature compensated RC circuit used, for example, in RC oscillators 40 which may form the clock of a microprocessor 31, and can, for example, be included on a common substrate or chip holder therefor.
FIG. 4a is a top or plan view of a temperature compensated arrangement, and FIG. 4b shows a vertical, or example essentially central section therethrough, in which, in FIG. 4b, an external capacitor C has been omitted for clarity. A substrate 9, not shown in FIG. 4a, has connecting tabs or terminals 20, 21, 22 applied thereto to form external connections of the temperature compensated system. Two further terminals 23, 24 are placed on the substrate. The terminals 23, 24 can be selectively connected or disconnected. They form a connection between an essentially temperature-independent resistor 25 having a resistance RTa, and a temperature-dependent resistor 26 having a resistance RTaNi. These two resistors can be formed, as in the above example, by first placing a tantalum layer on the substrate and then a nickel layer thereover, and then, selectively, etching off the nickel where the resistor 25 is to be placed. A capacitor C is located between the terminals 21, 22--see FIGS. 4a, 4c. Bascially, any impedance element can be used, and rather than using a capacitor, a coil L--see FIG. 4f--may also be connected between the terminals 21, 22.
The basic element, as shown in FIGS. 4a, 4b, without the impedance element C, then is masked as schematically shown by the mask 26' applied over the temperature-dependent resistor 26. The masked unit is then tinned, which will leave a tin coating 27 over the exposed terminals. The capacitor C is soldered to the now tinned terminals 21, 22. Terminal 20 is available for further connection. The tin, applied for example in a solder bath, does not coat the temperature-independent resistor 25, since tantalum is not wetted by tin. The temperature-dependent resistor 26 also is free from solder or tin, since it was masked by the mask 26'.
What is obtained, then, is a serial circuit including a temperature-independent resistor 25 of tantalum and a temperature dependent resistor 26 of tantalum and nickel. The connecting terminals 23, 24 are separated before tinning and are short-circuited by the tin coating. The resistors 25, 26 together form the equivalent overall resistance R as shown in the equivalent circuit of FIG. 4e.
To obtain high base clock frequencies, it has been customary to use quartz controlled oscillators. Microcomputers utilized in automotive vehicles also had such quartz oscillators used in connection therewith. For automotive application, quartz oscillators are undesirable since quartz oscillators are comparatively delicate elements, ill suited for the rough and environmentally highly changeable use in automotive vehicles. Excessive failure rates and costs, and excessive requirements on overall quality were thus placed on such oscillators. Utilization of RC elements in RC oscillators was limited due to the low operating frequency thereof and due to the change in frequency upon change in temperature. Thus, the temperature coefficient of operation of an RC oscillator limited the use of RC circuits. The thin-film element of the present invention permits compensation of the temperature coefficient of operation of the overall oscillator, as well as of the element itself. It is entirely possible to so control the temperature coefficient of operation of the combined RC circuit or system, by itself or in combination with an external oscillator circuit 40 (FIG. 4g), that the overall compensation of the overall temperature coefficient of operation of the entire circuit can be obtained. Thus, the temperature coefficient of operation of the resistance element alone can be so controlled that the temperature coefficient of the entire system--resistor, impedance element and, if desired, other extraneous elements--can all be considered by the resistor itself. Specifically, it is possible to match the temperature coefficient of operation of the RC element to the temperature variation in operation of transistors and other RC circuit components connected thereto. In accordance with the invention, the possibility thus presents itself to compensate the temperature coefficient of capacity of a capacitor C in a hybrid circuit by adding a thin-film resistance R formed of the components RTa +RTaNi with appropriate opposite temperature coefficients of operation. Additionally, it is possible to compensate the temperature coefficient of operation of an entire electronic network by so controlling the temperature coefficient of operation of the RC element that it will not be zero but, rather, will have an overall value which compensates for the temperature coefficient of operation of the remaining circuit. The temperature coefficient of operation of the RC element then will be so arranged that it has a capacitative--or inductive-- structural element combined with a resistance system determining the temperature coefficient of the overall element, and formed by resistors 25, 26. Of course, an RL arrangement--FIG. 4f--can be used, if desired, in place of the RC network, FIG. 4e.
The relationships appropriate for FIG. 4 are shown in equations (10), (11a) and (11b), in which equation (11a) is for a capacitor having a temperature coefficient of capacity TCC, and equation (11b) is for a coil having a temperature coefficient of inductance TCL; TCR, again, is the temperature coefficient of resistance.
Calibration: The temperature coefficient of the RC (or RL) circuit in accordance with FIG. 4 is again detected by testing resistance of the temperature-independent resistor 25 and the temperature-dependent resistor 26, calculating resistance values, and then controlling the resistances of the resistors 25, 26 in accordance with the calculation. Rather than using the series circuit shown in FIG. 4d, a parallel circuit or a series-parallel circuit can be used, by appropriate arrangement of the position of the terminals 21-24. The temperature-independent resistance can use tantalum, or, in lieu thereof, for example nickel-chromium (NiCr), tantalum-nitride (TaN2), or tantalumoxinitride (TaOx Ny). As an alternative to the tantalum-nickel sequence of layers, materials with high positive temperature coefficient, for exaple platinum, gold or pure nickel, can be used. These variations, of course, are equally applicable for the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 2, 3. In manufacture, suitable masking can be used if a tinning bath should wet a specifically selected material.
A temperature-independent RC element is to be constructed, in which temperature compensation is obtained by setting the temperature coefficient TCR of the resistor component of the circuit equal to the opposite of the temperature coefficient of capacity of the capacitor element, mathematically, TCR=-TCC, in which the temperature-independent portion uses, for example, a pure tantalum resistor, and the temperature-dependent portion again is a thin-film tantalum-nickel resistor. Let it be assumed that the resistance R of the network is to be 10,000 ohms. Relationship (12) will be required, then resulting in equation (13). In this case, the temperature coefficient of resistance of the tantalum alone cannot be neglected anymore since the tantalum resistance will have a significant effect on the overall temperature coefficient of operation of the circuit combination. The temperature coefficient of resistance of tantalum is given as
TCRTa =8.0�10-5 /�C.
in which tantalum-oxinitride is used as a tantalum resistance layer; the temperature coefficient of resistance of a tantalum-nickel film is
TCRTaNi =+5.5�10-3 /�C.
The corresponding values for the resistance of the tantalum-nickel resistor 26 and the temperature coefficient of capacity are shown in the table given together with the mathematical relationships and forming part of the specification.
Method of manufacture: The resistances 25, 26, and terminals 20, 21, 22 and 23, 24 are applied to the substrate 9, in accordance with well known technology; the terminals 23, 24 between the resistors 25, 26 are separated initially.
The so prepared substrate and thin film thereon is then aged to increase the long-term stability of the unit. The temperature coefficients of resistance are then determined by measuring the resistances of resistors 25, 26 at different temperatures, for example at 0� C. and 100� C., in order to calculate the temperature coefficients of resistance TCRTa and TCRTaNi. Upon tinning, terminals 23, 24 will be connected--see FIG. 4c--and the terminal tabs 20, 21, 22 will become tinned. The mask 26' is removed, and the resistance values of the resistors 25, 26 is calibrated, for example by laser irradiation such that the overall resistance
R=RTa +RTaNi =10 k ohms,
at a calibration temperature of 20� C. It is possible that the transition resistances change upon dip-soldering. It is, therefore, preferred to calibrate the resistors after the resistances are connected, that is, after tinning, and utilizing the previously measured resistance values, that is, the resistance values measured before tinning. The resistance values RTa and RTaNi of resistors 25, 26 are calculated in accordance with equations (12), (13) in view of the table to obtain compensating, matching temperature coefficients of change of electrical parameters, i.e. TCR=-TCC.
The thin-film element can thus be used to control accurately various external circuits, and particularly RC or RL oscillators at high operating frequencies without essential temperature drift. The accuracy of operation is substantially improved, and without using specially temperature controlled chambers. It is possible to use inexpensive chip capacitors with higher-than-usual values of capacity in hybrid circuits.
Various changes and modifications may be made, and features described in connection with any one of the embodiments may be used with any of the others, within the scope of the inventive concept.
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|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jul 7, 1981
Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, POSTFACH 50, D-7000 STUTTGART 1
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:BURGER, KURT;FRIEDRICH, HEINZ;GRUNER, HEIKO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:003900/0222;SIGNING DATES FROM 19810622 TO 19810629
|Feb 2, 1988
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Oct 28, 1991
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Mar 12, 1996
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Aug 4, 1996
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Oct 15, 1996
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19960807


text:
The world's most prominent advocate of Young Earth Creationism, Ken Ham of Answers In Genesis, is coming to Houston this August, and will be the keynote speaker at the annual THSC homeschooling convention in August. While there, he'll be presenting homeschooling families and children with his extreme fundamentalist views--that the universe is less than 7,000 years old, and that dinosaurs coexisted with humans--all under the false guise of "science".
Houston Atheists will be there too, in a demonstration outside the convention all day Saturday, to promote the real science and to encourage convention attendees to find out what science really says--by researching for themselves the truth about the age of the universe and where we all came from, and by attending our event the following day, Answers In Science. Also joining us all day Saturday will be world-famous secular activist and Texas State Director for American Atheists AronRa, as well as blogger and host of YouTube show "The n0nes", Sister Lilandra.
If you're interested in being involved in the demonstration, simply RSVP to this event and someone will follow up with you regarding specific time slot(s). Or just show up! Houston Atheists will have a presence at the convention all day Saturday, but will be particularly targeting the peak times which will have the most foot traffic.
Houston Atheists will have lots of flyers to hand out and will be providing a limited number of pre-printed signs, or you are also welcome to make your own. Just please keep in mind that children will be present and all signs MUST be "family friendly". Also, all signs should be pro-science or anti-creationism, but not "anti-religion" or "pro-atheism" specifically. Costumes are encouraged as well!
Houston Atheists will also be holding an optional "orientation" meeting the night before the convention, on August 1st at Bayland Community Center (Annex Room) @ 8 PM. There they will be making final preparations, distributing signs and flyers, and making sure everyone is up to speed on the plans for the demonstration. Although attendance at the orientation meeting is not required to be part of the demonstration (anyone is free to join at any time on Saturday!), attendance is encouraged.
For more on Answers In Genesis, Ken Ham, and Houston Atheists' attempts to challenge him to a debate:
Creationist author David Shormann caught wind of our activities this weekend, and has attempted (and failed) to have Answers in Science shut down. The Texas Freedom Network with a recap: http://tfninsider.org/2013/07/31/creationist-demands-that-houston-museum-ban-atheists-and-science-supporters/
0 · August 2, 2013
A few last details before the demonstration on Saturday!
Please read the following guidelines for the demonstration:
Here are some potential questions that we might get asked, and suggested responses: http://bit.ly/1bQJk6C
We will have about 20 pre-made signs, and extra posterboards and markers on site that you'll be able to use to make your own. Feel free to make your own in advance, but again keep in mind that all signs must be kid-friendly.
Here is the main area where the demonstration will be taking place, on Lake Robbins Drive (right next to the Which Wich):
You can park in the Woodlands Mall parking lot, just on the other side of the movie theater. We plan to be out there all day, but we want to especially focus on the morning from 8 AM to noon. If you plan on arriving later in the day, please check first to confirm that we are still out there (we will post updates here, or you can call/text[masked]).
See you there!
0 · August 1, 2013
Just a quick reminder that the demonstration orientation meeting is tonight at the Bayland Community Center Annex room at 8 PM! Again, here is a photo showing the location of the Annex room:
Also, feel free to call or text if you have any problems finding it:[masked]
See you there!
0 · August 1, 2013
For those attending the Thursday night orientation meeting at Bayland Community Center, please note that it will be held in the "Annex Room". The entrance to the room is outside, near the kitchen. Here is a photo showing the location of the Annex Room: http://photos1.meetupstatic.com/photos/event/9/5/8/a/highres_265658282.jpeg
0 · July 29, 2013
Well we're definitely on their radar! From an email sent out to all conference attendees:
1 · July 26, 2013
IMPORTANT UPDATE: We've decided to focus our demonstration efforts exclusively on Saturday 8/3/13 (starting at 8 AM) to ensure the strongest showing possible, and make things easier on our attendees. All meetups have been updated accordingly, so please come on Saturday (8 AM to 8 PM) and do NOT show up on Friday! See everyone there!
0 · July 25, 2013
A sampling of what we'll have on hand at the demonstration!
0 · July 22, 2013
Picked up at FriendlyAtheist.com!
0 · July 21, 2013
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Or just regular vampires, even.
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We understand the Bentley folks are pretty quick to point out the newest 2013 Bentley Continental GT's fuel economy ratings.
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Socialism: Forbidden Photos of Everyday Life in East GermanySPIEGEL.de
Jul. 21, 2010
Brexit Fever Spreads: Italy, France, Netherlands & Denmark Seek Vote On Leaving EU
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When the ArcelorMittal Orbit was built for the London 2012 Olympics, the unusual design led some to say it looked like a helter skelter.
The owner of a popular arts venue has vowed it will reopen after it was destroyed by floodwater.
A new beauty competition aimed at young African women living in the UK hopes to empower its contestants with new skills and opportunities.
Work-related stress can result in psychological problems when it becomes excessive. Kat Hopps examines the issues for this week's Minds Matter campaign.
A police offer who sexually assaulted a female colleague while on duty has been kicked out of the Met.
Westfield Stratford City has reopened after a fire alarm resulted in hundreds of people being evacuated outside the building.
A third man has been charged with the 2013 murder of a 17-year-old in Forest Gate.
Two women who defrauded the taxpayer of more than £500,000 after buying false identities have been jailed.
Two men denied murdering a 29-year-old man following a pub brawl in Plaistow when they appeared at the Old Bailey.
The MP for East Ham last night paid tributes to colleague Jo Cox after she was stabbed and shot to death in "very similiar circumstances" to the attack on him six years ago.
Detectives investigating a burglary at a school have issued CCTV footage of a man they wish to identify in connection with the incident.
Police have identified a man they wish to speak to in connection with a series of defibrillator thefts at train stations.
The plight of Newham's growing hidden homeless is not going to go away soon.
A high correlation between homelessness and mental health problems has always existed but it's affecting more people than ever before. Kat Hopps speaks to two who have experienced both.
Cancer patients awaiting hospital treatment are now being referred within recommended times according to health officials.
The University of East London is aiming to get more local people and students involved with their community as they promote the importance of civic engagement.
During Carers Week 2016, Kat Hopps examines how carers' mental health can be impacted by tough financial and emotional situations.
More than 50 concerned residents attended a public meeting to demand a tougher stance on fly-tippers.
The new Mayor of London has come under fire today from the Green party for "failing to stop work" on the proposed Silvertown Tunnel after taking office.
Concerns about the future impact of the Silvertown Tunnel on traffic, pollution and business in the Canning Town area were raised at a residents' meeting last night.
A park in the borough just got a lot greener after volunteers planted more than a dozen trees.
This week's debate asks if London City Airport should be converted into homes and businesses.
Mayor Boris Johnson spoke of future generations swimming in the Thames with otters as he opened the capital's first super sewer with a flush.
The biggest rail union has suspended a planned 24-hour London Underground strike, which had been set to begin tomorrow evening (Tues).
Stephen Timms has said that he expects the momentum of Newham's regeneration to be lost as a result of the EU referendum.
Prime Minister David Cameron will step down in October after the UK backed the campaign to leave the European Union.
Newham's turnout in the EU referendum of 59.2 per cent was the lowest in the capital.
The EU referendum 2016 polls have now closed.
Britain will go to the polls today to vote on whether or not to remain in the EU.
A former prison-turned-hotel floating on an Amsterdam canal could be setting sail for the Royal Docks later this year.
Four new degree apprenticeship courses at the University of East London (UEL) have been unveiled.
Half a century after leading his country to footballing glory, Bobby Moore is set to inspire a new generation in a school bearing his name.
Double gold winning Paralympian Hannah Cockcroft and former Pussycat Doll Kimberly Wyatt have been leading lessons for Newham students.
Eighty years ago West Ham's Daisy Parsons shattered societies perception of woman by becoming the first female, and youngest, mayor for West Ham.
Popular pub Two Puddings is the focal point of a new documentary to premiere this month.
This weekend sees the culmination of parties and events held across Newham to celebrate the Queen's 90th birthday.
Recorder readers have voted unanimously in favour of retaining the Champion's statue in East Ham following an online poll.
Fans bid farewell to the Boleyn Ground in what was an "unbelievable" occasion for many last night.
A pair of lucky footballs fans will get the chance to say farewell to the Boleyn Ground tonight after winning tickets to West Ham's final Upton Park game.
A last minute winner, a wonder goal or a penalty shoot-out – everyone has a memory of Upton Park that stands out.
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Promo Posters for 'Jurassic World 2', 'How to Train Your Dragon 2', 'Assassin's Creed' and More
June 21, 2016
Plus poster for 'Jumanji', 'The LEGO Batman Movie', 'Transformers: The Last Knight', and many more.
The Best Movies to Watch on the 4th of July
First 'Hacksaw Ridge' Poster Teases Mel Gibson's Directorial Comeback
July Box Office Predictions: Will 'Ghostbusters' Hit Blockbuster Numbers?
New 'The Dark Tower' Set Photos Reveal Matthew McConaughey's Man in Black
7 Lingering Questions After 'Independence Day: Resurgence'
Plus poster for 'Jumanji', 'The LEGO Batman Movie', 'Transformers: The Last Knight', and many more.
Move over Dwayne Johnson and Kevin Hart—yet another big personality is joining this family redo.
Plus, The Rock says there are five lead roles this time around.
The Rock is confirmed for the remake of the Robin Williams classic.
Plus, discussions on the Rock and Kevin Hart in 'Jumanji' remake, a live action 'Pokemon' movie, mail bag and live twitter questions.
The hardest working man in Hollywood and one of the funniest together again.
If you haven't been able to get around to David Cronenberg's 'Cosmopolis', Ira Sachs' 'Keep the Lights On', or Steven Soderbergh's final feature film, 'Side Effects', now would be the time to stream them.
On today's episode of Collider Movie Talk, the gang also talks about the new 'Spider-Man' and 'Jumanji' release dates, and the 'Terminator' sequel being pulled from the schedule.
2017 is becoming one packed year.
We're running through the 2016 release calendar studio by studio discussing potential blockbusters, awards contenders and more.


text:
Created in this Craftsy class
Craftsy Block of the Month 2012 taught by Amy Gibson
In Craftsy's first-ever Block of the Month, Amy Gibson brings you 10 specific quilting techniques - appliqué, string quilting, paper piecing and more.
Other projects made as part of this class:
QuiltingThe Cats Meow
QuiltingGoodnight Irene
QuiltingPink and White quilt
Offer some kudos...
Join the conversation...
Ask a question...
Add your comment...
I love it...beautiful!
04/07/2013 Flag
Wonderful! Love your fabrics and the way you pieced the center of the "flower". Thank you for posting your picture.
04/08/2013 Flag
Beautiful. The echo quilting makes it look three demsion.
04/20/2013 Flag
So very pretty! The dark background makes the flower really stand out.
04/11/2014 Flag


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Comments about 'What you missed off-camera from the debate'
- Oldest first
- Newest first
- Most recommended
Biden's incessant cackle while Ryan was speaking was condescending, dismissive, and extremely juvenile. But what would you expect from a seasoned politician of 40 years, bent on his mission to discredit the challenger.
- 11:12 p.m. Oct. 11, 2012
- Like (11)
- Report abuse
It could have been a great debate. Biden surprised me and did better than I
thought he would. However, he was very rude, disruptive and talked over Ryan
the whole time. The moderator did little to stop Bidens rampage (which is
predictable). Ryan was polite, allowed biden to speak and get his points across,
something biden wouldn't reciprocate.
I think biden was trying to be Mitt Romney. The trouble is, Mitt would make his point and allow his opponent to speak, and then counter. Barack did the same thing. Ryan also did the same thing and asked biden several times to stop interrupting (something agreed to before the debate). This isn't biden taking control. It was biden being out of control. Makes you wonder if this is how he treates everyone. Is this how he talks to foreign leaders? No wonder this regime won't work with Republican, they can't stop long enough to hear the other side speak. I DO NOT want my representative, representing me in this fashion. It's rude, condescending, counter productive and biden pointing his finger at the moderator and calling Congressman Ryan "friend" is beneath the office that he holds.
- 6:22 a.m. Oct. 12, 2012
- Like (9)
- Report abuse
This is news? There was nothing in this piece remotely interesting.
- 7:26 a.m. Oct. 15, 2012
- Like (1)
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BALTIMORE (WJZ) — Cleaning the streets. Homeland Security agents arrest more than two dozen suspected gang members in Maryland.
As Pat Warren reports, it's all part of a month-long operation called Project Southbound.
Homeland Security investigators descend on alleged gang members and their associates in Maryland, arresting suspects in Anne Arundel, Prince George's and Montgomery counties.
In video provided by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, one of more than two dozen alleged gang members and associates is taken into custody.
It's part of Project Southbound, a month-long investigation involving 179 cities across the country.
"Violent gang members are the worst of the worst. They are bad people with bad motives from bad organizations," said ICE Deputy Secretary Tom Winkowski.
Investigators say nine of the Maryland arrests are MS-13 gang members wanted for murder, assault, extortion and prostitution.
Nationwide, there are 638 suspects. Numerous foreign nationals are wanted, including the MS-13 and 18th Street gangs and subsets of the Sureños Gang or Sur 13, known as the foot soldiers of the Mexican mafia.
"These criminal organizations are involved in human smuggling and trafficking, narcotic smuggling and distribution, identity theft and benefit fraud, money laundering, weapons smuggling, arms transporting, arms trafficking, cyber crimes and export violations," said Winkowski.
Experts say the Sureños are spreading across the country at a remarkable rate.
"Extremely, extremely violent," Winkowski said. "Well organized."
Local, state and federal authorities continue to make these gangs a target priority.
The Department of Homeland Security has a 24-hour hotline. To report any suspicious activity, call 1-866-DHS-2-ICE.
Other Local News:
- Local Rapper 'Lor Scoota' Shot And Killed In N.E. Baltimore
- Tornado Cleanup Continues In Parts Of Howard County
- Commissioner Davis Calls FOP's Controversial Tweets 'Inappropriate, Insensitive'
- Police Identify 3 People Fatally Shot In Washington Suburb
- 24 Dead In West Virginia Floods; Search And Rescue Continues


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Black Friday propels iPad Air growth by 51%, iPhone 5c surges 26%New data suggests Apple saw huge sales of the iPad Air and iPhone 5c from Black Friday sales, with an analytics firm seeing a massive growth spike for both devices over the holiday shopping weekend.
The latest data from Localytics found that traffic from the iPad Air grew 51 percent this past weekend, compared to the previous weekend. That was by far the largest growth seen in new devices tracked.
The particularly strong performance for iPad Air is attributed not only to Black Friday sales, but also because of a relatively small install base, as the latest full-size iPad has been available for just around one month.
Tied for second in Localytics' data were two more Apple devices: the new plastic iPhone 5c, as well as the first-generation iPad mini. Both represent more affordable options in Apple's product lineup, with the iPhone 5c selling for $99 with a new two-year service contract, and the legacy iPad mini available for $299.
The surge for all three Apple devices is not surprising, as each of them were discounted at various retailers for Black Friday and Cyber Monday promotions.
That may also explain why the Apple's flagship smartphone, the iPhone 5s, and the second-generation iPad mini did not see as significant of a spike. The iPad mini with Retina display saw its online presence grow 17 percent weekend over weekend, according to Localytics, while the iPhone 5s grew 15 percent. Neither device was as heavily discounted for Black Friday.
Rounding out the top Apple devices tracked by the firm was the iPhone 4S, which saw its weekend traffic grow 10 percent after black Friday. The iPhone 4S is available for free with a two-year cellular contract.
Localytics' data included nine devices in total, six of which were the aforementioned Apple products. The highest-ranking non-Apple product was the Kindle Fire HD, which grew 23 percent over the shopping weekend and took fourth place. It finished just ahead of the fifth-place Samsung Galaxy S IV, which grew 20 percent.
Finally, taking ninth was the 7-inch Samsung Galaxy Tab 2, which saw its online presence grow 8 percent following Black Friday.
On Topic: iPad
- Apple's new Swift Playgrounds for iPad is a killer app for teaching code
- E3 2016: Octobo plush toy uses iPad for interactive storybook experience
- Netflix adds long-demanded Picture in Picture support on iPad
- Apple issues new iOS 9.3.2 update to address update errors on 9.7" iPad Pro
- "Sleep of Death" bug hits buyers of Microsoft's pricey Surface Book


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Moshe Kantor receives high Romanian honor
European Jewish Congress President Dr. Moshe Kantor was awarded Romania's highest civilian honor. More ▸
European Jewish Congress President Dr. Moshe Kantor was awarded Romania's highest civilian honor. More ▸
Several Jewish organizations criticized a Polish prosecutor's decision not to try soccer fans who chanted about Jews and Auschwitz. More ▸
The European Jewish Congress presented Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras with an award for his government's support of a ban on the neo-Nazi Golden Dawn party. More ▸
Norway's announcement that it will regulate ritual circumcision comes amid fresh moves against the ritual across Europe. More ▸
Nearly one-third of respondents to a survey said they "seriously considered emigrating" from Europe because of anti-Semitism. More ▸
The prickly Ukrainian media mogul is unfazed by critics who charge that he presides over a farcical organization that exists to burnish the ego of its founder. More ▸
The Netherlands opposes any kind of import ban on Israeli products, Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte said, though it must enforce European Union legislation on labeling settlement goods. More ▸
European Jewish Congress President Moshe Kantor told European Union leaders that moves to label goods from the West Bank without labeling Hezbollah a terrorist group is "discriminatory." More ▸
Global anti-Semitism increased by 30 percent in 2012 over the previous year, according to an annual report. More ▸
Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras vowed to crack down on neo-Nazi groups. More ▸
WatchMeet the Orthodox 'American Ninja Warrior' training to be a rabbi
WatchLithuanian mayor dismantles building made from Jewish headstones
WatchLithuanian mayor dismantles building made from Jewish headstones
Also From 70 Faces Media
Sheryl Sandberg Talks to Lena Dunham About Bubbes & What Single Moms Need To Do
This Incredible Mom Breastfeeds Her Baby with Brain Cancer During Chemotherapy
Viral Tantrum Video Proves Why We Shouldn't Judge Someone's Parenting
This Jewish Woman Sends Powerful Message to Incest Survivors After Revealing Her Own Trauma


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Today's Devotional
John's QuestionWhat steps can you take to seek God's perspective in a current challenging situation?
Let's Make ItFacebook official!
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3 of 3 people found the following review helpful
Danny Boy, It Is Superb!,
By A Customer
This review is from: Tucson '76 (Audio CD)
No No No, the version of Danny Boy here is superb. Elvis deliveres big time, with a restrained performance, and the slight ( 1 or 2 seconds) crackle sounds like one of his many gold chains hitting the mike.
Anyway, it's not one of his best concerts. It's not a bad concert, and I think the term "worn out King" is completely untrue: check the "In Concert" CD from june 77 for some outstanding vocals.
But since Danny Boy is the standout, hopefull this will appear on a compilation album or box set of some sort. As, perhaps the album as a whole does not merit buying for the 1 song.
Review Details
(9 customer reviews)
A Customer


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NBA's N.C. Decision Looms Large For Other Events Tix For Ft. Bragg MLB Game Are Nontransferable FanDuel CEO Addresses Future Of DFS Braves To Open SunTrust On April 13 NC Lawmakers Consider HB2 Revisions Padres HOF Opens Friday Without Selig Name Shapiro Addresses Rogers Centre Concerns Buccaneers Ink Deal With Frontier T'Wolves Welcome First Chinese Minority Owner Braves, Falcons Pitch New Stadiums At Same Time
Upcoming Conferences and Events
SBD/25/Sports Society
Published February 25, 1998
Northeastern Univ.'s Center for the Study of Sport in Society released its '97 Racial Report Card today, its ninth edition. The report analyzes the racial composition of players, coaches and front office employees in the NBA, NFL and MLB, and for the first time, includes comparative data for the NCAA and its schools. Among the major findings: College sport has the worst record for racial and gender hiring practices when compared to the NBA, NFL and MLB; the NBA has the best record while MLB has the worst in pro sports when it comes to hiring people of color and women in management; and gains are greater for women than for people of color, but the "glass ceiling" severely limits opportunities for people of color and women in top management positions with teams and in college athletic departments (Sport in Society). Report author Richard Lapchick: "Despite well intentioned efforts for diversity by league offices, white males still control most of our teams, front offices and athletic departments" (USA TODAY, 2/25). LEAGUE LEVEL: Lapchick said in '97, the percentage of minority group members and women increased from 21% to 23% in the NBA league office, from 18% to 20% in the NFL league office, and from 22% to 28% in MLB's league office. The only failing grade went to MLB, where top management, including ownership, received an "F" by Lapchick's definition. Lapchick's study shows that minorities make up 5% of top management positions in MLB teams' front offices. But MLB Dir of PR Rich Levin said that MLB didn't have complete information ready for the study. Levin said that 8% of MLB's senior execs were minority group members. Levin: "And the front office was 19 percent. We think those numbers are pretty good" (N.Y. TIMES, 2/25).


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text:
Washington, DCUSA
December 19, 2012
new in town
Help support your Meetup
Find the Indo-American Community in your town! All are welcome: American, International culture, Expats, Immigrants, Kids of Immigrants, ABCDs, partners of Indian folk? Anyone with some feeling of connection to the Indian subcontinent.
We try to meet once a month (tbd), and get together in between for happy hours, movies, or other activities. New members are especially encouraged to join in!!
Here are some suggestions made by existing members for the types of fun they want..(email me to add yours and we will select them soon):
1. Indian/Bollywood-Hollywood movies 2. Sunday Outdoor Picnics with boating, Potlucks, Dinners with Young Couples, etc. 3. Sports activities like Beach volleyball, Bowling, Happy Hours etc. 4. Its not just Indian, South Asian fun and Dinner parties 5. Parties within Baltimore City limits OR Volunteers to Drive our members to the Party locations from the city. 6. Wine Tastings 7. Cricket events to play and watch at a Picnic Day. 8. Introduction to Bollywood Dance Events 9. Singles in the area Meetup and Mingle 10. Bollywood Dance and Workout Studio
Thanks tejashNATALI
B4U Music is supporting our DC/MD events.
Bollywood Music on iTunes now available thru www.Saavn.com
Best SEAsian Radio online Itunes Radio under World radio> Hindi radio
India Day Festival promoters
Best Website Design Awards by SE Asian community
3,850 Professionals
575 Bollywood Fans
1,634 Members
941 Asian Culture Fans
5,435 Hikers
Meetup members, Log in
By clicking "Sign up" or "Sign up using Facebook", you confirm that you accept our Terms of Service & Privacy Policy


text:
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Use the drop down menus to search for educational grants that meet your needs. If you are a parent, guardian or grandparent, please use the 'Categories' menu to select any relevant professions with which you are associated.
We have also included a full list of each of the charities featured on our site below.
* These fields are mandatory.
Our member trusts are here to provide the support you need
The School Fees Charitable TrustVisit Website
The aim of the Trust is to assist those parents who, having selected private education for their child with reasonable expectations of being able to meet the considerable costs from their own resources, are unable to pay the fees as a result of genuine hardship, arising from an unforeseen change of circumstances.
Grants are made at the sole discretion of the Trustees.
Reedham Children's TrustVisit Website
Reedham Children's Trust helps transform the lives of the most vulnerable children, we do this by providing the support and assistance they need to attend a boarding school.
Thornton Smith & Plevins Young People's Trust
We provide financial assistance to Sixth Form students in independent education whose families no longer have the sufficient means to pay the required fees.
Buttle UKVisit Website
The Rev. Frank Buttle founded Buttle UK over 60 years ago. An adoption pioneer in the early 20th century, Frank also wanted to help educate the children of poor, single parent families. Buttle UK gives grants to help with fees at independent or state boarding schools for children and young people who have a boarding need. Buttle UK does not fund day fees.
Wispers TrustVisit Website
The Wispers Trust was formed following the closure of Wispers Girls School, Haslemere in 2008. It exists in order to provide financial assistance (e.g. contributions toward school fees, boarding fees, etc) to deserving pupils in Year 11 (GCSE) and Year 13(A2), whose parents or guardians are experiencing unforeseen financial difficulties, for instance reduced family income arising from bereavement or loss of employment.
Preference is given to applicants living in Greater London, Surrey, Hampshire and Sussex.
Application forms are available via the Trust's website www.wisperstrust.btck.co.uk.
"Please pass on my very grateful thanks to the Trustees for the support given to my daughter. I am delighted to be able to tell you she gained A* A A for her A levels. She will be taking up her place at Cambridge to read Theology in 2015."
The parent of a child who was supported by Reedham Children's Trust