text:
we've been going to this sizzlers as long as they've been open. the steaks are usually good, the burgers are a little dry though.
Moreno Valley Outback
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1. Outback SteakhouseMenu
22680 Centerpoint DrMoreno Valley, CA 92553
From Business: Outback Steakhouse is an Australian-themed chain of restaurants that offers a variety of chicken, ribs, seafood and pasta dishes. It offers a range of food items, s…
2. Outback SteakhouseMenu
The presentation of the food was good, the staff was nice, but the food was very salty. So, if you are watching your sodium intake be sure to let th…
3. Outback SteakhouseMenu
The crab topped talapia is amazing!!!
4. Outback SteakhouseMenu
4492 Ontario Mills PkwyOntario, CA 91764
From Business: Outback Steakhouse is an Australian-themed chain of restaurants that offers a variety of chicken, ribs, seafood and pasta dishes. It offers a range of food items, s…
5. Outback SteakhouseMenu
The only negative is that they stopped opening for lunch on Sundays, and don't open until 2:00 p.m. Other than that, they have good food and good s…
6. Outback SteakhouseMenu
Not sure what the other review is all about, we have been eating at Outback in Temecula for 7 years. Best burger in town, they mix the ground chuck…
7. Outback SteakhouseMenu
I don't eat red meat anymore, so I naturally don't love the Outback as much as I used to when I could sink my teeth into a juicy steak without any m…
8. Outback Energy Solutions
1440 3rd StRiverside, CA 92507
From Business: As part of the Outback Group of Companies, we can handle most of your home improvement needs. Vinyl windows & doors, Aluminum patio covers and sunrooms, solar energ…
9. OutBack Physiotherapy Centre, Inc.
1189 W State StRedlands, CA 92373
10. Outback Grooming House
5115 Jurupa Ave Ste B8Riverside, CA 92504
11. Outback Patio and Sunrooms Inc
9901 Indiana Ave Ste 116Riverside, CA 92503
12. Outback Patio & Sunrooms - CLOSED
Purchasing a home that is over 60 years old, I've dealt with many contractors in the past 2 years. I like quality work that is going to improve the …
13. Red Lobster
Pretty nice place. Not bad at all. Staff were nice and very helpful when it came to changing my food. Food was ok too.
14. SizzlerMenu
Love it, very family detailed. Great price and great food
15. Steer N SteinMenu
A really good value. The portions are big and the food is consistently good. The lines are often long. That is the only downside I can think of.
16. Duane's Prime Steaks & SeafoodMenu
If you want the best service anywhere then you need to go to this steak house White linen, The best table side manner ever.. Best wine list you can…
17. The Beach
This place rocks. It's a little hole in the wall from the outside, but one you walk in, you are in a whole new enviorment. The patio is awesome,…
18. Black Angus Steakhouse - CLOSED
i had been to black angus in miami years ago, and it's still just as good. the steaks are tender and good size portions.
19. Goody's Kitchen
The food is always good and it has a home feel and taste to it. It's not Morton's steak house, it's a family spot to eat good food for a good price.
20. Duane's Dining Room
3649 Mission Inn AveRiverside, CA 92501
21. The Vibe Bar & GrillMenu
Great place! I have been looking for this place for a long time, I mean a place where I can call home and booze. This is just a fantastic place to h…
22. Law's Lunch & DinnerMenu
Excellent place for great food, cocktails, live bands, karaoke and dancing entertainment. I've been going to Law's Restaurant with friends and famil…
23. Original Roadhouse GrillMenu
I love this place i would go there everyday if i could. The bread rolls r amazing!!!
24. Cask n' Cleaver SteakhouseMenu
Somewhat difficult to find, sits back off University and not visible from street. Recommended by a "local" friend. The steak (Top Sirloin) was excel…
25. Coyote Ugly Bar & Grill
1805 University AveRiverside, CA 92507
26. Vail Ranch SteakhouseMenu
They had the best Prime Rib I've ever had. The price was high but the food was great. I'll go back there again. Kathy
27. Duke's Stake House - CLOSED
it was delicious. everything was great. the service was great. try the bread it's incredible. loved it!!!
28. Saddleback GrillMenu
best restaurant on the mountain!
29. The Gambling CowboyMenu
I went and had dinner on 2/26/13 with my brother and boyfriend. Our experience was terrible. We sat at the bar area because they would not serve fis…
30. The Black Horse TavernMenu
Go to this place! The food is great and the hot chic servers wear hot clothes. What else could you ask for? I had a steak, it was awesome. Our waitr…


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Minneapolis, MNUSA
June 10, 2009
No answer yet
Because it's all i do!
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The New Zealand dollar may gain this week as buyers return at lower levels while keeping a wary eye on commodity prices, business confidence and the US earnings season.
The kiwi recently traded at 83.66 US cents from 84.25 cents on Friday.
It may trade between 83.00 US cents and 84.70 this week, with a bias to the upside, according to a BusinessDesk survey of four traders and strategists. The range is similar to last week, when the currency traded to 84.61 cents.
"I'm going positive again for the week for the kiwi but I'm less confident of it than last week," says Imre Speizer, senior markets strategist at Westpac Banking Corp.
Iron ore prices reversed on Friday and the Chinese stock market was worth watching this week, he says.
The biggest local statistic is the consumer price index on Friday, expected to come in zero or 0.1 percent for the December quarter, and the NZIER business confidence survey tomorrow will also be of interest.
US earnings will be important for the American stock market but expectations are muted, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average advancing 0.4 percent in the last week, as did the Standard & Poor's 500 Index.
But further gains will be dependent on the read on the economy provided from reports by Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Citigroup and Morgan Stanley this week.
Earnings for financial companies in the S&P 500 grew 16 percent in the fourth-quarter, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
"A lot of the moves last week were down to the Bank of Japan adding a big stimulus to their economy, which was added to on Friday," says Stuart Ive, currency strategist at HiFX.
Alex Sinton, senior dealer at ANZ, says investors are still hungry for the New Zealand dollar and exporters were possibly under-covered.
Talk of people starting to fix mortgage interest rates may also have a positive influence on the kiwi.
The yield at the long end of the New Zealand interest rate curve may rise if there is a flood of people fixing mortgage rates as banks seek to protect themselves. The higher yield will attract investors to the kiwi, Mr Sinton says.
This article is tagged with the following keywords. Find out more about MyNBR Tags
NZ Market Snapshot
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|Silver Index
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text:
Published on Thursday, July 5, 2012
Travel companies need a strategy for winning traffic via internet search engines like Google to stay ahead of their competitors, said SEO expert Chris Liversidge.
"Big names are dominating the current travel market and many of them can attribute this to investing in their website to compete in the already crowded market place," he said. "The end goal is simple- ranking in a high position for key search terms can bring large numbers of high value consumers to your website.
"It's also key to point out that if your site allows for a pleasant booking experience your new visitors will become long term customers, returning via brand searches in the future."
Liversidge, who created SEO for British Airways and founded search marketing agency Queryclick, has come up with the following tips to help travel businesses get the most out of their online performance:
Strikes called off but flights still cancelled
Agents say it's time for a change of advice on Tunisia
Thomas Cook bans passenger after 'disgraceful' behaviour by stag party on Vegas flight
Passengers injured as severe turbulence hits flight from London
Owners Direct slammed for 'greedy' booking fee
Travel site removes all Trump hotels from portfolio
Thomas Cook bans passenger after 'disgraceful' behaviour by stag party on Vegas flight
Owners Direct slammed for 'greedy' booking fee
Family receives holiday refund after comedian Jason Manford steps in
Strikes called off but flights still cancelled
Move scroll bar (above) left to right for more videos!
Let Centara Hotels & Resorts show you around the island and share some of the amazing activities that you can find. With three distinct properties on the island, Centara has you covered.
You can book now your advertisement for via our online booking service or find out more.


text:
I recently paid my reciprocity fee online, but I wasn't near a computer to print it out. Now I have forgotten my password and can't get back to the form to print it out. I have called all the numbers on the website (which aren't in service) and emailed them (to no response). Who can I contact to get my password or to validate that I have paid the fee? I really don't want to pay $160 again and I leave in 7 days!
Recent ActivityView all South America activity »
- 1 Southward Ho! Adventures in Chile & ARG
- 2 Villa de Leyva - a week too much and other questions..
- 3 Argentina in October--more questions
- 4 Our new government to promote foreign tourism
- 5 Spontaneity in Cusco activities possible?
- 6 Rio de Janeiro in March
- 7 South America this October
- 8 Chile or Argentina?
- 9 11 hours in Lima
- 10 Transportation: Cusco Airport to Ollantaytamba train station
- 11 Cusco and Machu Picchu
- 12 Villa de Leyva - a week too much and other questions..
- 13 Machu Picchu - any good hiking guide companies?
- 14 Galápagos Islands: Yacht Angelito
- 15 Itinerary Help Brazil 10 days
- 16 Antarctica on the Vavilov-How to book?
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- 19 Tarapoto
- 20 Some Nature/Bird Lodges in Colombia
- 21 Buenos Aires/Argentina 10+ Day, Solo Woman Traveler
- 22 A brief encounter with Ecuador
- 23 Extra two days In Cusco or Lima..Early September
- 24 Need some help in getting started-first vacation to South America!
- 25 Hiking in Ecuador: Water and Clothing Advice Please
Need Advice About Reciprocity Fee
Report Abuse
You seem to be in deep trouble, Ianmaster.
You have dared enter the impenetrable labyrinth of Argentine bureaucracy.
Dante put it this way, long ago: "lasciate ogni speranza, voi ch'entrate"
Ideas to try to help:
I assume you have tried recovering your password here, on the left side: https://virtual.provinciapagos.com.ar/ArgentineTaxes/
I also assume you have e-mailed (in Spanish, of course) email@example.com explaining your problem.
All this to no avail, of course.
If that is so, what if you do the following: tell your credit card not to pay this charge and do the whole thing all over again, making sure to print the form RIGHT AWAY?
Have a great time in our country.
Report Abuse
I see you have asked the same question on TA.
I guess getting "yourself blocked from their payment system" is a possible risk, but I doubt their system is smart enough for that.
I don't know for sure whether or not the "Forgot password" option works.
It says: "You have to complete your username or email to get your password back."
Have a great time in our country.
Report Abuse
Don't mention it, Iainmaster....
Report Abuse
God Lord, I think that avrooster got it right, you have no idea what bureaucracy can be,
it seems a good thing to pay again get the print out and then do not pay for the one you were unable to print. Is it a perfect solution,? probably not, but it has some logic.
At any rate you were awfully careless the first time, what were you thinking? Good luck.
Report Abuse
Graziella5b: It seems Iainmaster got what he wanted on TA and won't be back here, even for a mere "thank you".
Report Abuse
That's the trouble when people post the same question on several forums; they forget to come back and thank everyone.
Sign in to comment.


text:
Welcome to Get Smart
Welcome to Get Smart
Quick Flip Reference for Common Core Standards, Grade 1
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Got these new band shirts screen printed! Really happy with how they came out. You can get them from bandcamp if you want one!
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Comments about 'BYU offensive line coming together in time for Cougars' season opener'
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What's happened to Michael Yeck? It's been awfully quiet about him since he was put on the Outland watch list. Is he injured?
- 7:53 p.m. Aug. 20, 2014
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Finally in evidence is the importance of the offensive line to team success. I believe many teams are ranked nationally based largely on offensive line personnel. Win the line of scrimmage and win the game. That simple.
- 8:54 p.m. Aug. 20, 2014
- Like (3)
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OC Fan: Yeck broke his toe and is out another 3 or 4 weeks.
- 9:35 p.m. Aug. 20, 2014
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@OC Fan
Yeck broke his toe, and in addition he is very overrated in my opinion. He just could not keep up with DE/OLB's around the edge. Pressure seemed to always be on Hill when Yeck was in.
I don't know, maybe I'm being too harsh on him, but I was not impressed at all last year.
I'm excited for the possibility of 3 freshman earning a starting spot, which appears to be very likely. To have 10 guys return with starting experience and then find 3 new players who are better than them, I think that speaks to the increased talent along the line in addition to the experience we bring back.
- 10:20 p.m. Aug. 20, 2014
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My 2 cents on who the starting 5 ought to be would probably end up being
Tejan Koroma/Edward Fusi at Center
Brayden Kearsley and Tuni Kanuch at Guards
Lui Lapuaho and Deondre Wesley at Tackles
There are a lot of veteran guys that could be backups and so I feel good about the depth, but talent/performance wise those above mentioned 5 seem to be doing the best from what I keep hearing about camp.
- 10:57 p.m. Aug. 20, 2014
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Speaking of missing people, what happened t Ryker Matthews? Injurys must have really dimished his abilities.
- 11:18 p.m. Aug. 20, 2014
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@ Chris B,
Virginia is not a "big boy" team. It is a dumpster fire. Being a part of a Power 5 conference does not make you a big boy team.
- 9:19 a.m. Aug. 21, 2014
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The Offensive Line is the key to making this year successful. Good Luck men!
- 9:44 a.m. Aug. 21, 2014
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Blacksburg, VA
@ Chris B,
"Being a part of a Power 5 conference does not make you a big boy team."
Deep down, Chris knows this, Black, which is why he comments so much:
"The lady doth protest too much, methinks."
Hamlet Act 3, scene 2, 222–230
- 3:43 p.m. Aug. 21, 2014
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RIR to post race-related tweets on billboards
Citizen Staff Reports 08/28/12
Excited that NASCAR is making its return to Richmond International Raceway next month?
Raceway officials want to hear from you – and they may broadcast your thoughts on billboards around town.
Officials are encouraging members of the public to send tweets using the hashtag #RVALovesRacing. Several digital billboards in the Richmond area will display a different tweet featuring the hashtag each day, from Sept. 2-8. The billboards are located at:
• I-64 West, just east of the Staples Mill Road exit
• 7912 W. Broad Street
• I-195 North, just south of the I-64/I-95 interchange
• Laburnum Avenue, heading west, just east of Richmond International Raceway
• Mechanicsville Turnpike near Interstate 64
NASCAR returns to RIR Sept. 7-8 for the "One Last Race to Make The Chase" weekend, featuring the Federated Auto Parts 400 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race Sept. 8 – the final race before the field is set for the Chase for the NASCAR Sprint Cup. Tickets start at $45 apiece and can be purchased by visiting http://tinyurl.com/RIRtickets or by calling 866-455-7223.
County plans Fourth of July event
Henrico County Recreation and Parks will present "Red, White, and Lights" at Meadow Farm Museum/Crump Park July 4.
Henrico County has hosted a Fourth of July celebration annually since 1981, but this year's event will offer a later start time and expanded hours and be highlighted by new entertainment.
The free event will begin at 4:30 p.m. and will feature the Richmond Symphony, a laser-light show, patriotic performances, and family activities. > Read more.
Tuckahoe YMCA to host Refugee Community Resource Fair
The Tuckahoe Family YMCA and ReEstablish Richmond will host the third-annual Refugee Community Resource Fair Saturday, June 18, from 10 a.m. to noon at the YMCA, 9211 Patterson Avenue in Henrico. The event is designed to provide refugees in the region information about jobs, local businesses, housing, health care, education and more.
As part of its strategic plan, the YMCA of Greater Richmond works to identify, address and eliminate economic, geographic and cultural barriers. > Read more.
Weekend Top 10
Celebrate Independence Day in Henrico! The county's annual event is new and improved this year with a later start time, expanded hours and new entertainment, including the Richmond Symphony and a laser light show. Lewis Ginter is also offering free admission all day. On Saturday, check out the first annual Innsbrook Taste of Virginia, the family movie at Varina Library or Anthony Snape and special guest Jess Labus at The Tin Pan. For all our top picks this weekend, click here! > Read more.
Henrico wins National Association of Counties awards for 28 programs
Citizen's Kruszewski wins 2 national awards
Training for homeless youth featured at workshop
CVWMA to begin accepting more varieties of bottles, containers, cartons
Virginia man arrested with gun at RIC checkpoint
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Print Edition
Jun. 16, 2016Click here to read the print edition.
Weekend Top 10
Muse Paintbar opens at Willow Lawn
Weekend Top 10
Restaurant watch
Weekend Top 10
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Obituary – Ruth "Nanny" B. Ellis
Obituary – Ansuya Henry Solanky
Obituary – Erich Michael Nicholas Hibbard
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County plans Fourth of July event
Tuckahoe YMCA to host Refugee Community Resource Fair
Short Pump Park grand opening planned June 25
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'Good old days' were good – for some
Of character and parenting
Opinion: Rename school for late Henrico officer
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Varina HS to host Basketball Skill Development Academy June 20-23
Strawberry visits Tuckahoe Little League
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Place an Ad | More Classifieds
CalendarRachel Rockecharlie, a student at Glen Allen High School, will host a benefit for the Richmond Hope Therapy Center. To learn more, visit http://www.tinyurl.com/InstillingHopeBenefit Full text


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Westcott 5 x 7' X-Drop Screen Kit, Green - 579K
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The Westcott 5 x 7' green screen X-Drop Background System is a lightweight package that is perfect for travel. At a little over 5 lbs, this kit can be used for headshots, product photography, weddings or general commercial photography in the studio or on location. The 100% cotton fabric comes with grommet holes on the top and bottom for easy hanging and that also eliminates the need to establish a top or bottom orientation. When it gets dirty, it's readily machine washable in cold water and tumble dried on "low".The background support system is characterized by quick setup and tear down capability. It's lightweight and contains telescopic legs and arms that will hold the fabric taut. The expandable carrying case is capable of holding the X-Drop System as well as up to three backdrops.
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Ledecky Headlines U.S. Swim Trials NASCAR, Microsoft Team For App Leafs Select Auston Matthews No. 1 Overall Gordon More Comfortable In Fox Booth Football HOF Honors Cavaliers Championship Packers Report Record $408.7M Revenue Jamaican Sprinter Says He Has Zika Buffalo Praised For NHL Draft Weekend PGA Tour Cancels Greenbrier Due To Flooding U.S. Finishes Fourth In Copa America
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So been doing MO role at a BB for close to 3 and half yrs now (I mostly did Product Control and Valuation Control at a top BB and doing PC now at a low BB). I am currently 25, and I make close to 97k/yr. Kinda got sick of this job and want a career change as I don't want to get pigeonholed into back office forever, and recently got an offer at EY Advisory.
Although the job seems more interesting (not the best consulting firm, I know) but the problem is that the pay is low. I will be making like 55k. I still have interviews at other places that may pay better, but at the moment this is the only offer I have.
Do you guys think its worth it to make the switch? Would exit opps at EY Advisory be much better than BB MO? I absolutely hate my current job and work environment and want out but don't want to get out for the sake of getting out as this will be my third company (want to stay for at least 3 yrs as I don't want to look too jumpy on my resume).
I also have the option to go to LSE for my MSc Accting and Finance in sep next yr, but dunno if this is the best option given my wrk experience and how shitty the economy is (finding a job would be a bitch).
Please advise.
Comments (8)
- mashed potatoes
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id take the LSE option. EY is a solid consulting firm (sure its not a MBB, Deloitte, or Booz, but its still good). that offer seems very low. i would expect that for an incoming advisory staff straight out of college. with 3.5 years experience, the highest rank they could offer you is senior, and usually this is for people with consulting experience. i would definitely negotiate for a higher comp.
my suspicion with the 55k is due to their "compensation bands." i know them, and other firms have predefined salary ranges for a given level, and they may have several levels for each rank within the firm. so if you are coming in as a staff, i think your falling in within the range. i would negotiate to come in as a senior, the ranges are higher and can meet your 95k (i believe...).
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bump - please give me more insights!
- Hugo Stiglitz
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- Investment Banking - Mergers and Acquisitions - 2nd Year Analyst
I am shocked that your offer is for 55 only. May I ask what location you're at? 55 is the starting salary for new-hire from undergrad in cities like Chicago and Boston that aren't as expensive as SF or NYC.
If you really cant stand staying at your job and going for more interviews I would suggest to go to LSE as well, that way you're have exposure to more potential employers during the recruiting process. It is a risk though given the state of the economy. but for Big 4 Advisory, I dont think it should be too tough?
- yeahright
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- Sales & Trading - Fixed Income - Vice President
Depends on what your goals are but I am definitely in agreement with attending LSE from the information you have provided. It all depends on what you want to do down the road though. If you plan on doing an MBA I would say stick it out in your back office role and then try to transition after the MBA. If you don't plan on doing an MBA then I definitely think LSE is the next best option because you want out of back office but advisory and a 55k salary are nothing special in comparison. The only other thing is your finances, are you willing to go to school and pay money instead of making money? If not, then maybe try to get a higher salary from E&Y and push the other job offers in attempt to get out of back office without paying money.
Frank Sinatra - "Alcohol may be man's worst enemy, but the bible says love your enemy."
- bondtradercu
- | Follow
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- | Rank: Orangutan
55k is way too low. For entry levels consultant at Big 4, I know the salary is from 60k-70 k base at least.
that's way too low bro. I would stay with your current job or try to transfer to a better position like FP&A and then apply for MBA so you can do consulting after.
going for EY advisory for a year right before doing your MBA wouldn't be a bad idea either. But I would get an MBA offer first, or have good enough credentials to have a good shot before you made the switch.
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So I have two UIViewcontrollers (A and B) and within UIViewController A i have two "short" variables called C and D, and a method called E.
In the method E it uses D as a counter and loops round until it is the number 3 at which point it loads an image. clicking on the image loads UIViewController B.
When UIViewController B switches back to UIViewController A there are two instances of the shorts, one with the values set in viewDidAppear of UIViewController A (which I want) and one instance holding the values from the first time UIViewController A is used.
I have cheked this by simply putting in an NSLog to show the current value of C and D, the second time UIViewController A is dislayed I get two NSlog messages for each short.
Note: I am switching viewcontrollers by using PresentModalViewController.
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 11, 2005
|Filing date
|Sep 20, 2001
|Priority date
|Sep 29, 2000
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Hiroshi Watanabe, Kazuya Matsuzawa
|Original Assignee
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (3), Non-Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (2), Classifications (7), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Applications No. 2000-299454, filed on Sep. 29, 2000, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a device simulation method, device simulation system, and device simulation program for calculating a movable electric charge density inside a semiconductor device, ionization rate of an impurity injected into the semiconductor device, a band gap narrowing and an energy band gap.
2. Related Background Art
With miniaturization of a semiconductor device, a decrease of an energy band of a semiconductor, that is, a so-called band gap narrowing (BGN), and a change of ionization rate of an impurity have had a large influence on an element property. A physical model for reproducing experiment data of the BGN in a numerical calculating manner has been already proposed. However, these models cannot deal with a simulation in case that the devise in which the current flows is ON. The reason is that a conventional BGN model is configured irrespective of external factors such as a current and a potential that modulate inside the semiconductor, and it is principally possible to calculate neither the BGN nor the ionization rate of the impurity in a non-equilibrium state in which the current flows inside the semiconductor.
Moreover, when trying to simultaneously calculate the ionization rate and the BGN, any artifice for enhancing convergence, which has been used in a conventional device simulator, such as adjustment of a control coefficient does not become valid.
Such a situation was not assumed heretofore. The physical model for calculating the BGN has been devised to reproduce the experimented data of the BGN in disregard for non-equilibrium of the ionization rate of the impurity. Therefore, the BGN or the ionization rate of the impurity inside the semiconductor cannot be calculated in any self-consistent manner in accordance with the current or the potential inside the semiconductor.
A technique is necessary for device simulation for a next-generation circuit to calculate not only the BGN and the ionization rate of the impurity in a self consistent manner but also a transport equation of movable electric charge and a Poisson equation, by setting the current and potential given from the electrode of the semiconductor device as boundary conditions.
The present invention has been developed in consideration of this respect, and an object thereof is to provide a device simulation method, a device simulation system and a device simulation program in which simulation can be performed with high precision and good convergence.
According to the present invention, there is provided a device simulation method comprising: calculating a band gap narrowing of a semiconductor and an ionization rate of an impurity in an equilibrium state; calculating a movable electric charge density contributing to transportation of an electric charge inside the semiconductor by solving a Poisson equation and a movable electric charge continuous equation based on the calculated ionization rate in the equilibrium state; calculating said band gap narrowing and said ionization rate in a non-equilibrium state, taking presence of a potential into consideration, based on the calculated movable electric charge density; and repeating the calculation of the movable electric charge density by solving the Poisson equation and the movable electric charge continuous equation based on the ionization rate and the band gap narrowing in said non-equilibrium state, and the calculation of said band gap narrowing and said ionization rate based on the calculation result, until the ionization rate and the band gap narrowing in said non-equilibrium state converge.
Furthermore, the band gap narrowing is due to mainly a quantum many-body effect. Also, it is easy to extend the impurity band and so on if necessary.
According to the present invention, the band gap narrowing inside the semiconductor and the ionization rate of the impurity are treated as some function of both the carriers and the potential, and the band gap narrowing and ionization rate are calculated in a self consistent manner, so that device simulation with high precision and good convergence is realized.
A device simulation method and device simulation system according to the present invention will more specifically be described hereinafter with reference to the drawings.
A processing of the step S2 will be described hereinafter in detail. A neutral condition of an electric charge in the equilibrium state is expressed by equation (1).
N + D −N − A −p 0 −n 0=0 (1)
According to Fermi-Dirac statistics, an electron density n00 and hole density p00 in which the quantum many-body effect is ignored are expressed by equations (2) and (3).
Additionally, Nc denotes an effective density of states in conduction band, Nv denotes an effective density of states in valence band, F1/2 denotes a Fermi-Dirac integration, EF00 denotes a Fermi level in which quantum many-body effect is ignored, EC00 denotes a conduction band edge in which the quantum many-body effect is ignored, and EV00 denotes a valence band edge in which the quantum many-body effect is ignored. When an energy cap EGint ignoring the quantum many-body effect is used, equation (4) is established.
E V00 =E C00 −EG int (4)
Donor ion density N+ D and acceptor ion density N− A are expressed by equations (5) and (6), respectively.
N + D =r D00 �N D (5)
N − A =r A00 �N A (6)
Additionally, ND denotes a donor density, NA denotes an acceptor density, rD00 denotes an ionization rate of the donor, and rA00 denotes an ionization rate of the acceptor in case that a neutral condition of the equation (1) is established.
According to the Fermi-Dirac statistics, rD00 and rA00 are expressed by equations (7) and (8).
Additionally, ED denotes a donor level, and EA denotes an acceptor level. When an ionization energy εD of the donor and an ionization energy εA of the acceptor are used, equations (9) and (10) are established.
E D =E C00−εD (9)
E A =E V00+εA (10)
When the equation (1) is solved by using the equations (2) to (10), Fermi energy (EF00−EC00) is obtained.
Subsequently, densities of electrons and holes and ionization rate are calculated (step S3) by taking an influence of quantum many-body effect into consideration.
First, the influence of quantum many-body effect is introduced using equations (11) and (12).
E F −E C =E F00 −E C00−Δe0(ef 0) (11)
E V −E F =E V00 −E F00−Δh0(ef 0) (12)
Additionally, Δe0 denotes an energy shift of the electron, and Δh0 denotes the energy shift of the hole. The influence can be expressed in a form which regards a shift (ef0) of a Fermi surface by the quantum many-body effect as a variable. The densities (n0, p0) of the electron and hole corrected quantum mechanically are expressed by equations (13) and (14).
It is seen from the equations (13) and (14) that n0 and p0 are functions of ef0. Similarly, the ionization rate in the equilibrium state is also subjected to quantum correction as shown in equations (15) and (16).
In the equations, EF00−EC00 is known. Therefore, when the equations (11) to (16) are substituted to the equation (1), the equation (1) turns to an equation with ef0 as one variable. In this manner, Δe/h0(ef0) is numerically obtained.
In an actual device, the neutral condition of the electric charge is hardly established. If there is a transport of the electric charge at this time, a continuous condition of the electric charge has to be satisfied in each point of the device divided by mesh. Therefore, an electron density n and hole density p have the respective local equilibrium values deviating from corresponding n0 and p0 in the equilibrium state.
Moreover, presence of a potential Ψ causes deviation from the equilibrium state. Therefore, in order to obtain practical algorithm for device simulation, the aforementioned theory has to be expanded to a local equilibrium system.
Subsequently, a continuous equation of the electric charge and Poisson equation are solved to calculate the potential Ψ, electron density n and hole density p (step S4).
Here, the continuous equation of the electric charge (transport equation) is expressed by equations (17) and (18).
On the other hand, the Poisson equation is expressed by the equations (19) and (20).
{right arrow over (∇)}�(ε{right arrow over (∇)}Ψ)=−ρ (19)
ρ=q{N + D(Ψ)−N − A(Ψ)+p(Ψ)−n(Ψ)} (20)
The numerically calculated, n, p, Ψ are given to simultaneously satisfy the equations (17) to (20). Additionally, E denotes an electric field, and is proportional to differential of the potential Ψ. In the equations, ε denotes a permittivity of a semiconductor, μn/p denotes a mobility, Dn/p denotes a diffusion coefficient, Gn/p denotes a generation rate of electrons/holes, and Un/p denotes a recombination rate of the carrier.
Ionization rates r′D, r′A and BGN in a non-equilibrium state are calculated based on n, p, Ψ obtained in this manner, and taking equation (21) as an additional term to the quasiparticle energy shift by the presence of the potential (step S5).
Additionally, since equations (22) and (23) are established, calculating methods of ionization rates r′D, r′A in the non-equilibrium state are as follows.
N′ + D =r′ D �N D (22)
N′ − A =r′ A �N A (23)
Thus, the ionization rates are different from that obtained by the equations (5) and (6).
First, equations (24) and (25) are solved to numerically calculate Δ′n and Δ′p.
Here, assuming that equations (26) and (27) are established, equations (28) and (29) are calculated.
Δ′D=Δ′n+εD+Δe0(ef 0)+ef 0 (26)
Δ′A=Δ′p+εA+Δh0(ef 0)−ef 0 (27)
Subsequently, it is judged whether or not the potential Ψ and ionization rate have converged (step S6). When the potential and ionization rate converge, a calculation result is outputted (step S7). When the potential and ionization rate do not converge, term G of the Poisson equation is calculated in the following procedure (step S8). The processing of and after the step S4 is carried out again based on the preceding calculation result.
Here, the Poisson equation in a device simulator is expressed by equation (30) with 2-dimensional analysis (Y=0).
Additionally, it is unrealistic to directly solve the equation (30), because excessive load is applied to CPU. Therefore, a differential form as shown in equation (31) is used.
Additionally, G in equation (31) is expressed by equation (32).
Here, if G=0, it causes serious situation that the calculation does not converge.
Term G shown in the equation (32) is a normal vector directed to a convergence point (∂Fp/∂ψp=0). If neglecting the term G, as shown in
In this manner, in the present embodiment, the BGN and ionization rate are treated as functions of the potential, and the aforementioned term G is taken into account, thereby allowing the Poisson equation and the movable electric charge continuous equation to assuredly converge and precisely calculating the BGN and the ionization rates.
The calculated BGN is used to obtain a threshold voltage of MOSFET and a gate leak current. That is, when the BGN is precisely calculated, results of device simulations become more precise.
A result of calculation of the BGN in the aforementioned calculating method will be described hereinafter.
The impurity of a diffusion layer 3 is phosphorus with an ionization energy of 45 meV. A density is set to 1020 cm−3 at maximum, and 1018 cm−3 in its tail. A gate polysilicon 4 is doped with phosphorus similarly as the diffusion layer 3, and has a density of 1020 cm−3.
With applying of the gate voltage, the BGN decreases in the vicinity of Z=0.005 μm. This reflects a decrease of the carrier density by depletion of a gate. Conversely, with the applying of the gate voltage, the BGN increases in the vicinity of a substrate interface (Z=0 μm). This reflects an increase of the electron density due to formation of an inversion layer.
Thus, the calculation result of the BGN according to the present embodiment is sensitive to a change of the carrier density.
As described above, when a large number of electrons exist around the donor, the ionization rate of the donor tends to drop. Conversely, with the applying of the gate voltage, the ionization rate rapidly decreases in the vicinity of the substrate interface (Z=0 μm). This reflects the increase of the electron density due to formation of the inversion layer. Such a result is obtained only by the introduction of the G term.
As seen from
In case of the film thickness of t0X=5 nm, a sub-threshold region exists in the vicinity of 0.5 V. In case of the film thickness of t0X=2 nm, the region exists in the vicinity of 0.2 V. For comparison, the calculation result (black circle) in which the BGN is ignored, and the calculation result of a conventional standard BGN model (solid line) are shown. Moreover,
As seen from
This is because in the calculation using the conventional BGN model, the ionization rate of the impurity in the gate polysilicon is assumed to be "1", and the electron density is over-estimated. Even if a fitting of an IV characteristic (gate voltage-drain current characteristic) is tried using the ionization rate as an adjustable parameter in order to compensate a deviation of the threshold voltage by incorrectness of the ionization rate, the ionization rate itself is a constant, and the term G disappears in equation (32). In this case, it is impossible to reproduce variation of the ionization rate as shown in
To avoid this difficulty, even if the BGN is calculated in the equilibrium state under conditions of given bias and current, and the Poisson equation is converged, when boundary conditions such as the current and potential in an electrode are changed, it is impossible to fit the IV property with the same ionization rate, thereby considerably deteriorating reliability of the simulation.
In a semiconductor device doped with the impurity of a high density, the influence of the BGN or the ionization rate of the impurity on simulation precision cannot be ignored.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the Poisson equation is solved taking the term G shown in equation (32) into consideration. While the boundary conditions in the electrode are arbitrarily changed, and the current flows in the device, the simulation is carried out. The BGN and ionization rate of the impurity can accurately be calculated.
The aforementioned device simulation method may be realized by hardware or software. For example,
The device simulation system of
The movable electric charge density calculating section 12 repeats a processing of solving the Poisson equation and movable electric charge continuous equation and calculating the movable electric charge density based on the ionization rate and band gap narrowing in the non-equilibrium state, until the ionization rate and band gap narrowing in the non-equilibrium state converge. Moreover, the non-equilibrium state calculating section 13 repeats the calculation of the band gap narrowing and ionization rate based on the calculation result of the movable electric charge density calculating section, until the ionization rate and band gap narrowing in the non-equilibrium state converge. If judging section 14 judges that the ionization rate and band gap narrowing converge, the output section 15 outputs the calculation result.
Moreover, when the aforementioned device simulation method is realized by the software, the simulation program may be stored in a recording medium such as a floppy disk, CD-ROM, and the recording medium is read and executed by a computer. The recording medium is not limited to a magnetic disk, optical disk or another mobile medium, and fixed type recording mediums such as a hard disk drive and memory may be used. Furthermore, this type of simulation program may be distributed via Internet or another communication circuit (including radio communication). Additionally,this type of simulation program may be distributed via a cable circuit such as Internet or radio circuit, or in the recording medium in an encoded, modulated, or compressed state.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 13, 1994
|Nov 4, 1997
|Fujitsu Limited
|Device simulation method and device simulator
|Jul 23, 2001
|Oct 28, 2003
|Btg International Limited
|Optical photonic band gap devices and methods of fabrication thereof
|Mar 11, 2003
|Aug 17, 2004
|Btg International Limited
|Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof
|Andreas Schenk, "Finite-Temperature Full Random-Phase Approximation Model of Band Gap Narrowing for Silicon Device Simulation", Journal of Applied Physics, Oct. 1, 1998, vol. 84, No. 7, pp. 3684-3695.
|Brand et al., Two-Dimensional Simulation of Thermal Runaway in a Nonplanar GTO-Thyristor, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 42, No. 12, Dec. 1995, pp. 2137-2146.
|Kuzmin et al., Analysis and Simulation of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor with Buffer N'-Layer, IEEE, 5th Int. Conference on Power Electronics and Variable-speed Drives, Oct. 1994, pp. 24-28.
|Myers et al., Band-Gap Narrowing and III-V Heterostructure FETs, IEEE, Int. Electron Devices Meeting, Dec. 1990, pp. 759-762.
|Rinaldi, Modeling of Minority-Carrier Transport in Semiconductor Regions with Position-Dependent Material Parameters ar Arbitrary Injection Levels, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 43, No. 8, Aug. 1996, pp. 1256-1263.
|Stollwerck et al., Characterization and Simulation of GaSb Device-Related Properties, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 47, No. 2, Feb. 2000, pp. 448-457.
|Watanabe et al., Scaling Effects on Gate Leakage Current, IEEE Transactions on electron Devices, vol. 50, No. 8, Aug. 2003, pp. 1779-1784.
|Zivanov et al., Determination of Average effective Masses of Majority Carriers as Function of Impurity Concentrations for Heavily Doped GaAs, IEEE, Semiconductor, Oct. 1995, pp. 103-106.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 22, 2011
|Li Zhanming
|Method of simulation and design of a semiconductor device
|Sep 13, 2013
|Jan 16, 2014
|Crosslight Software Inc.
|Method of simulation and design of a semiconductor device
|U.S. Classification
|703/2, 703/14, 716/136
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 20, 2001
Owner name: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA, JAPAN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WATANABE, HIROSHI;MATSUZAWA, KAZUYA;REEL/FRAME:012182/0809
Effective date: 20010829
|Mar 11, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 6, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


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Shahid Kapoor: Udta Punjab should be an adult film!
The actor opens up on his next film and his firstborn, arriving later this year…
Every time Shahid Kapoor has ditched the commercial formulaic genre and tried something riskier, it has worked wonders for him. Be it Kaminey or Haider, niche films have brought him bouquets and box-office success. Udta Punjab is as niche as it gets. Two weeks before the film's release, Sasha sits down with us to chat about films, fatherhood and more… Click here to read more
Did Rahul Raj Singh just call Pratyusha Banerjee a coward?
I knew I was innocent, says the late actress' boyfriend
The Supreme Court has confirmed the bail of Rahul Raj Singh, accused of abetting the suicide of Balika Vadhu star and his girlfriend Pratyusha Banerjee and he is ready to put up a brave fight to prove his innocence. Click here to read more
Riteish Deshmukh and Lisa Haydon reveal Housefull 3 secrets – watch video!
A lot has happened in this house that you'll know now! Check out the video here!
Could I just say in one line how entertaining it was interviewing Riteish Deshmukh and Lisa Haydon of Housefull 3? Sorry but I think that's gonna be a task. The interview itself started with a Click here to read more
For Gulshan Devaiah to shoot an intimate scene, all he has to do is THIS – watch video!
The Hunterrr actor has some really good insights on the same! Check it out!
My interview with Gulshan Devaiah started on a rather funny note as when I was about to introduce him for his film, Cabaret, I accidentally said, "So we have with us Click here to read more
Jacqueline Fernandez reveals how Lisa Haydon saved her from Akshay Kumar's pranks – watch video!
Looks like the Housefull team found it's new scapegoat! Read on…
In an exclusive interview with Jacqueline Fernandez, I must say, I found out a lot more abosut the star! This diva was full energy when I met her and believe me, as soon as she was done with the interview before Click here to read more
Hrithik Roshan: As I look back, I see myself as an evolved person
On being asked how his good or bad times have influenced him as an actor or as a human being, he chose to let it go unanswered
His struggle to overcome stammering during grown up years, broken marriage with childhood sweetheart Sussanne Khan and his ongoing legal battle with actress Kangana Ranaut has not changed Hrithik Roshan's positive outlook towards life. Click here to read more


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Written on: 27/07/2013
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With season-openers scheduled for a number of Pac-12 programs this weekend, visitors -- official and unofficial -- made up a bulk of the news around the conference. California, Oregon, Oregon State and UCLA will all host official visitors, while Washington will have plenty of unofficial guests eager to check out the Huskies' renovated stadium. On the field, Colorado has a chance to make a statement in the first game of the Mike MacIntyre era.
Four fastest college football players hail from Pac-12
4hChantel Jennings
Ranking Pac-12's offensive triplets: No. 6 Oregon
2dChantel Jennings
Ranking each Pac-12 roster by grade level
2dChantel Jennings
Mailbag: Questioning Oregon's 'decline'
6dTed Miller
Former Oregon defenders looking to make NFL mark
7dTed Miller
The games where 10 players can cement their Heisman candidacy
7dAdam Rittenberg
Ranking Pac-12's defensive triplets: No. 11 Oregon
9dChantel Jennings
Ten players who could play their way into the Heisman Trophy mix
5dAdam Rittenberg
Better know a nonconference opponent: Virginia
9dChantel Jennings
Triple threats: CFB's top 25 offensive trios
3dTravis Haney