text:
|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|5 Jun 1984
|Fecha de presentación
|20 Nov 1981
|Fecha de prioridad
|20 Nov 1981
|Número de publicación
|Vincent Y. S. Chow
|Cesionario original
|Ellsworth, Chow & Murphy, Inc.
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (9), Citada por (42), Clasificaciones (12), Eventos legales (4)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
This invention relates generally to temperature control systems and more particularly to the automatic regulation of conditioned air in residential or commerical buildings which utilize forced air for heating or cooling.
In recent years, it has become increasingly important and necessary to conserve and optimize energy utilization for temperature control systems in both residential and larger commercial buildings. Accordingly, the environmental control field has become very competitive with numerous manufacturers vying for a growing and popular market. In part because of this vigorous competition, the ability to incorporate many desirable features in an energy conservation system, yet to maintain reliability and keep costs low, has become very important.
One method of conserving or optimizing energy in a building having a forced air control system has been to regulate the flow of conditioned air, either heated or cooled, in accordance with time and occupancy conditions within the building. That is, in a residential bi-level home, for example, the energy used for environmental control can be reduced by as much as 35% if homeowners were to close and open appropriate air vents to match the comfort needs of the family; upstairs vents could be closed during daytime hours when the family is predominantly on the first level and downstairs vents could be closed in the night during typical sleeping periods where bedrooms are located on the second floor. Closing off sections of the home will effectively reduce the volume to be heated or cooled and less energy will be required.
For optimum and efficient utilization of the above method, it is preferable that an energy conservation system be automatic in operation. For example, air vents or dampers located within air ducts could be regulated by electric motors in a timed or controlled sequence. Yet problems exist with such systems. Regulating motors themselves require a relatively large amount of energy for operation, thereby reducing the overall effectiveness and purpose of an energy conservation system. In addition, these motors are often too bulky and heavy to conveniently fit in the limited space available in or around air ducts or vents and on typical existing structural support. Furthermore, motorized damper or vent control systems are extremely expensive in component cost, in installation where structural modifications are necessary for sufficient space or support, and even in continued maintenance and use wherein reliability of the motor is of concern.
It is thus desirable to provide an energy conservation system wherein the flow of conditioned air can be automatically regulated, yet wherein the system is highly reliable, is easily installed, is low in cost, and of great significance, does not require a high consumption of energy or power for use in operation of the system itself.
The present invention provides an improved automatic air distribution and regulating system within a building utilizing forced air for heating or cooling. This system includes, as its primary component, a series of dampers or control plates in the shape of airfoils, each positioned within an air supply duct. The dampers may be attached to a relatively small support frame which can easily be inserted into the existing ductwork of the building.
Each airfoil-shaped damper of the present invention is rotatable between an open and a closed position, opening and closing the air duct to the flow of air therethrough and thus regulating the supply of conditioned air to the various rooms or sections within a building. In operation, each damper will be automatically closed by the forced, conditioned air flowing through its particular air duct unless otherwise held open by a programmed or timed restraining means. Specifically, when no conditioned air is flowing through the duct, each damper is normally held in its open position, this being substantially parallel to the airduct and with its leading edge directed into the direction of the airflow. When air is forced through the system, such as when the building furnace or air conditioner fan is turned on, the airfoil shape establishes lift forces on the damper, urging it into rotation to its closed position, substantially perpendicular to the airduct. When it is desired to maintain a particular airduct open in accordance with time and occupancy conditions within the building, there is further provided programmed or timed restraining means to hold each damper open against the lift forces referenced above. This restraining means includes, in the preferred embodiment described in detail below, a ferromagnetic plate attached to one section of each damper and an associated magnet attached to the end of a bidirectional electrical solenoid. The solenoid may also be attached to the support frame of each damper. Under programmed conditions, the solenoid operates to position the magnet either closer to or further away from the ferromagnetic plate, thereby establishing strong or weak attractive forces therebetween. When the magnet is nearer to the damper, sufficient attractive forces will be created to hold that damper open. On the other hand, when the magnet is in its retracted position, the attractive forces will be reduced such that the damper can be closed under the lift forces acting thereon. In this manner, the present invention provides for an efficient air regulating system by automatically opening and closing specific air duct passageways to various rooms and sections of a building and further conserves energy by utilizing the very airflow through the duct for its own operation. Such a control device is comprised of few components, further reducing the cost and increasing the reliability of the system, and takes up very little space.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved automatic air regulating device for use in conserving heating or cooling energy in residential or commerical buildings.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and improved air regulating device which itself requires a low consumption of power for use and operation.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a new and improved air regulating device which utilizes few parts and is thus reliable in operation and low in cost.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an air regulating device which is easily installed and easily added to existing forced air heating or cooling systems.
Further objects and advantages for the present invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds, and the features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification.
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of the automatic air regulating device embodying the novel features of the present invention with parts broken away for clarity.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic air regulating device of the present invention with the airfoil shaped damper in its open position as used at an air discharge vent location.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view as is FIG. 2 but with the airfoil shaped damper in its closed position.
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like-referenced characters designate the corresponding parts throughout the several views, there is shown an individual air regulating device designated generally by the reference numeral 10. It is to be understood that several of such devices 10 are to be used throughout the building, one such device at every location wherein it is desired to control or regulate the flow of conditioned air therethrough. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and FIG. 3, an air regulating device 10 may be located directly beneath an air vent 11 and within an air duct 12. The device as shown is for a floor unit wherein the vent 11 is positioned on a floor 13 covering the opening of the air duct 12. The present invention may also be used, however, with wall located air vents and with air regulating devices positioned further within the building ductwork.
As viewed in FIG. 1, the air regulating device 10 includes a frame 15 for securing the various components used. Thus, for use of the invention by adding to an existing building, this frame is easily inserted within an air duct 12 beneath the vent 11. The frame may be secured within the air duct in any well known manner such as by expansion clamps secured to the frame or simply by the use of small screws.
Rotatably connected within the frame 15 is an airfoil-shaped control plate or damper 16, having a leading edge 17 and a trailing edge 18. This damper further contains, as in typical airfoil configurations, a substantially flat underside 19 and a curved top-side 20 such that air flowing past the damper from the leading edge 17 toward the trailing edge 18 will create "lift" forces on the damper. These lift forces are generally indicated by the arrow labeled 21 and extend in a direction from the underside 19 toward the topside 20.
The damper 16 is rotatably mounted on the frame 15 by a shaft member 24 extending through or out from the sides of the damper. One end of shaft member 24 is inserted through a support hole 25 in the frame whereas the other end of the shaft is supported in frame support holes 26 and 27, as all shown in FIG. 1. The shaft 24 is located toward the trailing edge 18 of the damper 16 and behind the center of lift caused by the lift forces 21. In this manner, the lift forces 21 will cause the damper 16 to rotate in a clockwise direction as shown in FIG. 2 about shaft 24 when air is flowing past the damper.
As previously stated, the damper 16 is normally in its open position when no air is flowing through the duct. When open, the damper is substantially parallel to the air duct as shown in FIG. 2, thereby allowing air to pass around it. In the floor located unit shown in the drawings, this normally open position is established by gravity, with the support shaft 24 also located behind (toward the trailing edge 18) the center of gravity of the damper 16. For a wall located unit, however, there must be provided a countertorque spring to urge the damper to a normally open position. Such a countertorque spring 28 is shown in FIG. 1 on shaft 24 to be positioned between the frame supporting holes 26 and 27. A simple rubberband or leaf spring arrangement can be used for this purpose. The damper should nevertheless be relatively balanced about shaft 24 so that very slow airflow will provide sufficient lift forces to rotate it closed when desired. This balance is achieved by a counterweight 29 secured toward the trailing edge of the damper. The counterweight and resulting balance will also minimize the force required by the countertorque spring 28 to maintain wall located units normally open.
When air flows through the duct, such as by the central furnace or air conditioning fan being turned on, the airflow will establish lift forces 21 as previously noted, tending to rotate the damper 16 clockwise as viewed in FIG. 2. Such rotation will continue until the leading edge 17 abuts a stop member 30 extending in from frame 15, whereupon the damper will then be in its closed position as shown in FIG. 3. The latter position effectively blocks passage of conditioned air through the duct 12, cutting off or at least reducing the supply of such conditioned air to the room or section of the building located past vent 11. As can be seen, the closing operation of the damper 16 is thus efficiently accomplished using the airflow through the ductwork, not consuming any additional power or energy on its own, and requiring only one, simple rotatable component.
To regulate each damper for appropriate opening and closing, that is, keeping it open when desired to heat or cool a room and closing it only when desired to shut off the room from the supply of conditioned air, it is only necessary with the present invention to provide means restraining the damper in its open position at controlled or set periods; without such restraint, each damper will automatically close under action of the lift forces described above. In the preferred embodiment, this restraining means is made up of a controlled magnet assembly located at each damper which can be triggered manually or be programmed or timed for automatic operation. Specifically, an electronically operated bidirectional solenoid 33 is secured within a compartment 34 located within the frame 15.
The solenoid 33 has an axially moveable arm 35 located within a sleeve 36. At the end of arm 35 opposite the solenoid 33, there is further located a laterally extending connecting plate 38 with a permanent magnet 39 attached thereto. When the solenoid 33 is secured within frame 15, the connecting plate 38 and magnet 39 extend through an elongated slot 40 in the frame toward the rotatably mounted damper 16. In close proximity to where the magnet 39 extends through slot 40, there is positioned on the underside 19 of damper 16 a ferromagnetic plate 42.
In operation, the arm 35 of bidirectional solenoid 33 is axially operable in the direction shown by arrow 43 in FIG. 1 to an extended position away from the solenoid 33 and a retracted position toward the solenoid. In its retracted position, the magnet 39 is located in close proximity to the ferromagnetic plate 42, establishing sufficient attractive forces therebetween to restrain the damper 16 in its open position against lift forces 21. In its extended position, however, the magnet 39 is positioned further away from the plate 42 such that the attractive forces therebetween are sufficiently weak. The damper will thus not be restrained and be free to close. This operation is clearly shown in the drawings, wherein there is shown in FIG. 2 the arm 35 in its retracted position, extending toward one end of slot 40, and magnet 39 abutting ferromagnetic plate 42 restraining movement of the damper 16. In FIG. 3, on the other hand, the arm 35 and connecting plate 38 with magnet 39 attached thereto are shown in the extended position, extending toward the opposite end of slot 40, whereby the damper 16 is allowed to rotate to its closed position. By the use of such a magnet assembly, the preferred embodiment described avoids the problems of mechanical latch arrangements which could rattle when restraining the damper. Furthermore, activities of the magnet assembly need not be timed to the position of the damper as a mechanical latch would have to be. That is, even if the damper happens to be in its closed position in the preferred embodiment, away from the magnet assembly when the solenoid is activated for restraint, the damper will still be effectively latched as soon as the air flow stops at the end of the central fan cycle and the damper returns open.
The solenoid 33 can be activated in any of several well-known manners. For ease in installation, it is preferably battery operated and controlled by wireless radio frequency signals, although direct wiring systems can also be utilized. Batteries and appropriate electronics for such signals can be conveniently positioned in a compartment 43 within the frame 15. In the preferred embodiment the solenoid 33 is furthermore a pulse type unit whereby only a short pulse is necessary to initiate axial movement of arm 35. In this manner, conservation of energy is additionally maintained since continuous power is not necessary to maintain arm 35 in either of its positions.
A central control panel for operating each respective damper, either by manual switches or under a timed or programmed sequence, is then located at a convenient station within the building. For non-manual timed or programmed usage, several different thermostat units at separate locations throughout the building is also preferable for controlling the central furnace or air conditioner fan.
It has thus been shown and described above an efficient manner to close or open various air passageways or vents leading to different rooms or sections within a building. This will then allow selected rooms or sections to be opened or closed to conditioned air when the central furnace or air conditioning fan is turned on in order to conserve energy. The system described utilizes very little power for its own operation and, in being constructed by a relatively few number of parts, is highly reliable and low in cost.
While there have been shown and described several embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous changes and modifications may occur, and it is intended in the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications which fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
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Owner name: ELLSWORTH, CHOW & MURPHY, INC., 1748 HAMILTON, PAL
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CHOW, VINCENT Y. S.;REEL/FRAME:003954/0311
Effective date: 19811117
Owner name: ELLSWORTH, CHOW & MURPHY, INC., A CORP. OF CA, CAL
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHOW, VINCENT Y. S.;REEL/FRAME:003954/0311
Effective date: 19811117
|6 Ene 1988
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|5 Jun 1988
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|23 Ago 1988
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19880605


text:
Browsing articles in science
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Researchers exploring the canine point of view
Doesn't it sound reasonable to study the behavior of cranes? After all, cranes are quite different from humans — they can f ly, spend lots of time on one leg and don't need an external GPS to find their way to Florida. But what if we replace "cranes" with "dogs"? Why study dog behavior? Unlike cranes, dogs are not a wild species with feathers, migratory patterns or conservation needs. Dogs have...
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Venturing deep into the history of our oldest friends
Mark derr, long-time Bark contributor and historian of the dog, recently released a new book, How the Dog Became the Dog, in which he examines canine evolution. Derr covers a lot of ground in this work — 135,000 years, to be precise! We talked with him about the dawn of dog, and how our evolutionary pathway coincided with theirs. Claudia Kawczynska: Canines going from fierce predator to "loyal...
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We may owe our evolutionary success to the domestication of dogs
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Scientists have only recently caught on that canines are not just a fertile subject for their particular specialties — psychology, anthropology, zoology, ethology and more — but also a topic that the publishing world seems eager to promote. This trend has been a long time developing. Nobel Prize–winner and ethology's co-founder, Konrad Lorenz, wrote Man Meets Dog (1950), breaking ground that lay...
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The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases has, since 1996, a publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases and is responsible for publishing original papers in the area of infectious diseases. Communications published in the BJID should be broadly relevant to all aspects of microbiology, infection and immune response to infectious agents.
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Sweet Science: Sanders\Wingo Has Found the Right Equation to Beat the Competition: Extensive Research, New Media, and Unlimited Creativity Equal Satisfied Clients and Higher Billings
Hughes, Alan, Black Enterprise
THE AUSTIN, TEXAS, OFFICE OF SANDERS\ Wingo Advertising inc. (No. 5 on the BE ADVERTISING AGENCIES list with $111.8 million in billings) can be found just steps away from the University of Texas' sprawling campus and a stone's throw from the State Capitol building. Though more than 1,700 miles from New York City's Madison Avenue, the capital of the American advertising industry, this agency has managed consistent year-over-year growth--something even the biggest players have been unable to accomplish in this environment.
Although the Austin site is not the company's headquarters (that's in El Paso), it is home to the company's growing multicultural business and appears conducive to the flow of creative energies. High ceilings and an abundance of tall windows offer a view of downtown Austin and the college campus. Successful print campaigns for AT&T, State Farm, Chevrolet, and other clients adorn earth-toned walls. A vintage arcade game sits in the lobby for those who want to rejuvenate creative juices by destroying alien invaders. In one of the so-called "creative rooms," a team works on an upcoming campaign. Photographs and sketches depicting people of all races and hues are tacked to boards while youthful-looking employees engage in a spirited debate of ideas. At the helm of this thriving organization is Robert Wingo, the unassuming 25-year industry veteran who credits much of the company's success to the stellar creative team management has put together.
In 2008, Sanders\Wingo managed to not only become General Motors' agency of record for African American, urban, and youth marketing for Chevrolet, but also picked up new clients including Austin-San Antonio Commuter Rail District and INX Inc., a technology solutions company. The firm even managed to land some general market work for AT&T and GM--a rare feat for a black-owned agency. All told, this activity has led to a roughly 25% increase in billings for a company with more than five years of consecutive growth during a period in which many competitors--those within and outside the ethnic space--are on life support. For Wingo and his team's collective vision and ability to thrive in today's unforgiving business climate, BLACK ENTERPRISE has named Sanders\Wingo the 2009 Advertising Agency of the Year--an honor that hasn't been bestowed upon a BE advertising firm since 2005.
Advertising spending continues on a downward spiral as corporations continue to tighten budgets by slashing such expenditures (see "Forged in Fire: The New Rules of Doing Business," this issue). "Independent African American agencies have a tougher time and a tougher fight than those who might be partially owned by an advertising holding company such as Publicis or Omnicom, in order to really get new business," says Greg Head, president of HEADFIRST Insights b Strategy, a Stone Mountain, Georgia-based marketing research firm. 'That being said, I think Sanders\ Wingo is an exception to the rule right now. They've just done some marvelous work over the last several years."
At the heart of this growing company is a unified vision set by Wingo and his management team. To be successful their cadre of professionals must provide clients with solutions. So how do they achieve this goal? By helping align brands, offering fresh approaches, and creating a value-driven proposition--often something extra clients don't request but the team feels they need. Wingo says, "We ask ourselves the who, what, and why questions every day. Who are we talking to? What are we trying to accomplish? What can we bring the client that is above and beyond? Why are we doing it? That is a value-driven proposition which will help their business move forward."
That teamwork has been paying off. Mark Gibson, assistant vice president of advertising for State Farm Insurance, credits the company's presence in the African American community to Sanders\Wingo. …


text:
Click on a thumbnail to go to Google Books.
The Island Stallion Races (1955)
by Walter Farley
No current Talk conversations about this book.
I have no memory of this aside from the drawings. Walt, Walt, Walt, what were you thinking? Aliens? Aliens with a passion for horse racing? Aliens with a passion for horse racing so strong they are willing to transport a boy and his wild stallion from the middle of the Caribbean to Havana so they can race in the Internacional? Ludicrous, every word. The race scenes are, of course, stellar. The rest is laughable.
This was one of the weirdest of Farley's books. Space aliens (!) take the boy and his stallion to Florida to run in a big race. Setting aside the whole aliens angle, no reputable racetrack would let an unknown and unregistered horse into a race. Even when I was a kid, I knew that. Details like that kept me from enjoying the book more, which is why it only gets 2 stars.
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English
Amazon.com Product Description (ISBN 0394843754, Paperback)More than anything, Steve Duncan dreams of racing his huge, wild stallion, Flame. The horse is untrained, but incredibly fast and Steve just wants to show him off. When two strangers show up and offer to make Steve's dream a reality, Steve cannot believe his luck. But soon he realizes that a professional racetrack is no place for an unbroken stallion.
(retrieved from Amazon Thu, 12 Mar 2015 18:16:44 -0400)
Two visitors from another world enter the secret valley of Azul Island and provide Steve with a chance to see how Flame can do in competition with the world's fastest horses.
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Ivy Tech Community College has created a position to oversee the Franklin campus and work with local companies to be sure programs will help students get jobs.
The college named Tina Gross to be the first Franklin campus president. She has been campus executive director for three years and worked for Ivy Tech for 20 years. She is one of several new campus presidents Ivy Tech is naming this month as part of administrative restructuring the community college is doing across the state.
Students shouldn't notice the changes because they are internal and administrative, impacting, for example, the boundary lines of the Ivy Tech region where Franklin's campus is located, Gross said. For instance, that means Indianapolis Ivy Tech recruiters will go to Indian Creek and Franklin schools to talk to students rather than community college staffers from Columbus, she said.
As president of the Franklin campus, Gross will focus on building relationships with local business leaders and fundraising.
She will meet with local employers, such as Endress+Hauser in Greenwood and KYB and NSK in Franklin, to gauge whether Ivy Tech's programs help students get jobs and to find out what training and experience companies are looking for in potential job candidates. She said the campus will be able to tailor its programs to fit the job needs in the community.
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In her role as executive director, Gross oversaw the community college's full-time staff of 10 people in Franklin and the day-to-day operations at the campus. She will continue to manage the campus staff, but a director will manage daily operations. She also will continue to work with campus groups such as the student government, mentoring students and trying to find internship opportunities for them.
The shift of the Franklin campus from the Columbus region to Indianapolis was made because research showed that most of the local students came from the southside and Johnson County. In addition, when the Columbus region was enlarged, it took in large areas of southeast Indiana; and putting Franklin in the Indianapolis region likely will better serve the local campus's needs.
The reorganization of Ivy Tech appears to make good sense. Having a local administrator should allow the campus to be more responsive to local needs.
We congratulate Gross on her appointment as Franklin campus president, and we commend her on an eagerness to reach out to local industries to better serve their workforce needs.


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Re: Jerome Canady, M.D (7 replies, posted in New Developments)
2 Mon, 19 Nov 2007 08:11:10
Re: Dr. Jerome Canady (43 replies, posted in General Discussion)
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 1, 2011
|Filing date
|Jun 7, 2001
|Priority date
|Jun 7, 2001
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Kell Michael Jensen, Alex Agerholm
|Original Assignee
|Intel Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (20), Non-Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (15), Classifications (9), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
A network typically comprises a plurality of network nodes connected together by a communications medium. A network node may comprise, for example, a switch, router, personal computer, server, network appliance or any other network device. A network node, such as a server, may store information in the form of files created in accordance with various formats, such as a hypertext markup language (HTML) file, extensible markup language (XML) file, and so forth. A file may also be referred to as a "page" or "web page." Whenever a user may desire a particular file, the user may request access to the file using a number of network protocols. A protocol may be a predetermined process by which information is exchanged between network nodes.
Due to the high performance demands of certain applications, it may become necessary to implement technology to ensure that a user may access a desired file with a high level of confidence and reduced latency. To accomplish this, the same file may be stored on a number of different servers. Whenever a user sends a request to access a file stored on a server, the request may be intercepted by a network access device, such as a "load balancer" or "web switch." The network access device may operate to coordinate and control how information is stored and accessed in order to optimize overall network performance. Optimized performance might be realized, for example, in lower access times for information stored on the servers. Due to the increasing demands for lower access times, it can be appreciated that there is a substantial need for technologies that may retrieve information faster from a server over a network.
The subject matter regarded as embodiments of the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. Embodiments of the invention, however, both as to organization and method of operation, together with objects, features, and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following detailed description when read with the accompanying drawings in which:
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that the embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments of the invention.
One embodiment of the invention may increase the speed by which information may be retrieved from a server. The server may be connected to an access device, such as a load balancer, web switch, virtual private network gateway, and so forth. The access device may manage how information is stored and retrieved from the server. For example, a load balancer may operate to make multiple servers appear like a single, high-powered network resource to those accessing the array of servers. It does this by selectively forwarding connections to the many servers arrayed behind it in an equitable manner, according to such factors as the server's operational health, nature of the query and so forth. The load balancer may check the operational health of a server by testing the server with an artificial client, or by sending it a series of scripts that can try out critical pages and look at the responses, for example.
A user may typically attempt to access information on a server using a browser located on a client computer, such as a personal computer (PC). The information may comprise, for example, a web page. The user may initiate the action by typing in an information identifier for the web page. An example of an information identifier may be a uniform resource locator (URL). The browser may then use the URL to attempt to establish a connection between the client computer and the server where the web page is stored using a conventional network protocol. An example of such a protocol may include the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Version 1.1 as defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Draft Standard Request For Comment (RFC) 2616, June 1999, and available from "www.ietf.org" ("HTTP Specification"), although the embodiments of the invention are not limited in this context.
The network access device such as a load balancer may intercept and process the connection request on behalf of the server. If the requested web page resides on more than one server in the network, the load balancer may select a particular server based on various parameters, such as those discussed above. The load balancer may then attempt to establish a connection with the selected server. Once a connection is established with the appropriate server, the server may send the requested web page to the load balancer. The load balancer may then send the web page to the client computer, where the browser may display the web page for the user.
A problem may occur if there is an unreasonable delay in accessing the web page. The user may get impatient and cancel the request, only to submit another request for the same web page immediately thereafter. The cancellation may result in the termination of the connection between the client computer and the load balancer, and also the connection between the load balancer and the server. Once the user submits the other request, both connections will have to be re-established prior to retrieving the requested information. This may lead to the inefficient use of network resources.
To avoid this and other potential problems, one embodiment of the user maintains the connection between the load balancer and the server despite the cancellation of the connection between the client computer and the load balancer. Once the load balancer receives the requested information, the load balancer may store the requested information with the source address of the client computer and the information address of the information (e.g., the URL) in an information table. If the client computer attempts to establish a new connection requesting the same information, the load balancer may retrieve the information from the information table and send it to the client computer without having to open a new connection to the server.
This embodiment of the invention provides several advantages. For example, this embodiment of the invention avoids the latency associated with re-establishing a connection between the load balancer and the server. The load balancer may also avoid having to go through the selection process to select a particular server from the group or cluster of servers. In addition, the server would not have to retrieve the information twice, thereby releasing resources for other uses.
It is worthy to note that any reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Referring now in detail to the drawings wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout, there is illustrated in
Processor 202 can be any type of processor capable of providing the speed and functionality required by the embodiments of the invention. For example, processor 202 could be a processor from family of processors made by Intel Corporation, Motorola Incorporated, Sun Microsystems Incorporated, Compaq Computer Corporation and others. Processor 202 may also comprise a digital signal processor (DSP) and accompanying architecture, such as a DSP from Texas Instruments Incorporated.
In one embodiment of the invention, memory 210 and disk storage 218 may comprise a machine-readable medium and may include any medium capable of storing instructions adapted to be executed by a processor. Some examples of such media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), programmable ROM, erasable programmable ROM, electronically erasable programmable ROM, dynamic RAM, magnetic disk (e.g., floppy disk and hard drive), optical disk (e.g., CD-ROM) and any other media that may store digital information. In one embodiment of the invention, the instructions are stored on the medium in a compressed and/or encrypted format. As used herein, the phrase "adapted to be executed by a processor" is meant to encompass instructions stored in a compressed and/or encrypted format, as well as instructions that have to be compiled or installed by an installer before being executed by the processor. Further, client 200 may contain various combinations of machine-readable storage devices through various I/O controllers, which are accessible by processor 202 and which are capable of storing a combination of computer program instructions and data.
Memory 210 is accessible by processor 202 over bus 208 and includes an operating system 216, a program partition 212 and a data partition 214. In one embodiment of the invention, operating system 216 may comprise an operating system sold by Microsoft Corporation, such as Microsoft Windows� 95, 98, 2000 and NT, for example. Program partition 212 stores and allows execution by processor 202 of program instructions that implement the functions of each respective system described herein. Data partition 214 is accessible by processor 202 and stores data used during the execution of program instructions.
In one embodiment of the invention, program partition 212 contains program instructions that may be collectively referred to herein as an information management component. Although this embodiment of the invention uses one component, it can be appreciated that the functionality performed by this component may be combined with other components, or separated into additional components, and still fall within the scope of the invention.
I/O adapter 204 may comprise a network adapter or network interface card (NIC) configured to operate with any suitable technique for controlling communication signals between computer or network devices using a desired set of communications protocols, services and operating procedures, for example. In one embodiment of the invention, I/O adapter 204 may operate, for example, in accordance with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) as defined by the IETF standard 7, RFC 793, adopted in September, 1981, and the Internet Protocol (IP) as defined by the IETF standard 5, RFC 791, adopted in September, 1981, both available from "www.ietf.org", although the embodiments of the invention are not limited to this context. I/O adapter 204 also includes appropriate connectors for connecting I/O adapter 204 with a suitable communications medium. I/O adapter 204 may receive communication signals over any suitable medium such as copper leads, twisted-pair wire, co-axial cable, fiber optics, radio frequencies, and so forth.
The operations of systems 100 and 200 may be further described with reference to
After retrieving the information at block 304, the access device may store the information in memory, such as memory 210 or disk storage 218. In one embodiment of the invention, the first request may comprise a first source address and a first information address. The access device may store the first source address, the first information address and the information in an information table. The access device may receive a second request at block 308. The second request may comprise a second source address and a second information address. The access device may search the information table to determine whether the second source address matches the first source address, and the first information address matches the second information address. If both match, the access device may retrieve the information corresponding to the first source address and first information address, and send the information to the client computer over the third connection.
In one embodiment of the invention, the source address may comprise an IP address, the information address may comprise a URL, and the information may comprise a web page, such as an HTML or XML file. It can be appreciated, however, that the source address, information address and information may be in other formats in accordance with a desired set of protocols, and still fall within the scope of the invention.
Once the client computer receives the requested information, the client computer may send a request to terminate the third connection between the client computer and the access device. The access device may then terminate the second connection between the access device and the server, and the third connection, in accordance with the particular protocol used.
In segment 1, a TCP session may be set up between the client computer and the web switch. In this example of a message flow, there is no TCP connection set up between the web switch and the server yet. During segment 1, the client computer may send the URL for the desired web page.
Once the access device has received and stored the requested URL, the web switch may enter segment 2. Segment 2 may include, for example, selecting a server having the requested web page. The web switch may set up a TCP connection toward the selected server, and passes the URL request to the server over the opened connection.
In segment 3, the TCP connection from the client computer to the web switch is terminated prior to receiving the requested information from the server. The web switch, however, keeps the TCP connection toward the server open to receive the requested information.
In segment 4, a new TCP session is set up between the client computer and the web switch. The client computer sends a request for a URL. Since the TCP connection between the web switch and the server remains open, a new TCP connection between the web switch and the server is not opened.
In segment 5, the web switch checks its information table to determine whether there is an outstanding URL request toward the server for the source IP address already. If so, the previous URL request is spliced with the new URL request. As a result, the web switch may avoid selecting a server, opening a new connection, and sending the new URL request to the selected server.
In segment 6, the web switch may receive the web page associated with the previous URL request. The web switch may perform a validation process to ensure that the received web page is the same as the one requested in the new URL request, the web page is timely, and so forth. If the web page is valid, the web switch may send the web page to the client computer. If the web page is not valid, a new server may be selected, a connection opened with the server, and a new URL request sent to the selected server.
In segment 7, the web switch may receive a request to terminate the connection between the client computer and the web switch. Once it receives this request, the web switch may terminate the open connection between the web switch and the server.
Once the web switch has sent the web page to the client computer, the web page may delete the web page and corresponding entries from its information table. Alternatively, the web switch may maintain the information similar to a caching appliance, and delete it after a certain time has passed, for example. In this example, the web switch may associate an aging timer with the source address, URL and information, and may delete certain entries at periodic or predetermined intervals. This may be implemented to avoid exceeding memory thresholds or keeping invalid information. In one embodiment of the invention, the web switch may use a first-in-first-out (FIFO) concept, where the oldest stored information may be deleted if maximum memory usage is reached.
In one embodiment of the invention, the servers may not use the source IP address to send the requested information. This may occur, for example, in a network using network address translation (NAT) technology. In this embodiment of the invention, it may not be necessary for the web switch to store the source IP address together with the URL in its information table.
While certain features of the embodiments of the invention have been illustrated as described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes and equivalents will now occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the embodiments of the invention.
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|Citing Patent
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|Apr 13, 2010
|Jun 17, 2014
|Brocade Communications Systems, Inc.
|Redundancy support for network address translation (NAT)
|Jan 18, 2011
|Jun 17, 2014
|Brocade Communications Systems, Inc.
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|May 5, 2011
|Oct 14, 2014
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|Dec 10, 2009
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|International Classification
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|Oct 18, 2001
Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JENSEN, KELL MICHAEL;AGERHOLM, ALEX;REEL/FRAME:012281/0499;SIGNING DATES FROM 20010929 TO 20011002
Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JENSEN, KELL MICHAEL;AGERHOLM, ALEX;SIGNING DATES FROM 20010929 TO 20011002;REEL/FRAME:012281/0499
|Aug 20, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


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Arts & Life
Christopher Alexander's 'Nature of Order'
In the late 1970s, Christopher Alexander became an icon in the architecture world with his book, A Pattern Language. In it, he argued for injecting personal, emotional and spiritual qualities into manmade structures, streets and cities. Alexander's book challenged the architectural establishment and derided much that's been built over the past century as "deadly."
Now, Alexander has issued the final volume of his four-volume tome, The Nature of Order: An Essay on the Art of Building and the Nature of the Universe, which expands on his basic question: how do we build places and structures that are filled with life? Theorizing that order is inherent in both nature and manmade spaces, Alexander attempts to define and understand the essence of a "living" structure. He talks with NPR's Jennifer Ludden.
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1987 Pontiac Sunbird Body Kits
1987 Pontiac Sunbird body kits are add-ons and replacements that can be used to enhance and rejuvenate a car's {exterior look. After years of usage, the exterior components on many vehicles starts to look outdated. Any damage to a vehicle's paint job or to the exterior components themselves can depreciate a automobile's value, making the use of bodykit is just that significant. A body kit can transform a car appear more attractive, without changing any of the true mechanics of the car.
Most aftermarket 1987 Pontiac Sunbird body kits products include replacements for several highly affected parts, front & back bumpers and side add ons. These are the areas of a vehicle that are most typically damaged from regular driving, but they alone aren't the only pieces that can be easily replaced. Other custom exterior parts can be used to customize a vehicle's appearance, so 1987 Pontiac Sunbird body kits can sometimes be tailored to a driver's specific desires. For an upgraded look that replaces the poor looks created from years of driving, a high quality body kits can make you smile.


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As a Frequent Flyer Club member, you'll earn points every time you fly with EL AL and whatever class you choose.
Points accrued in your Matmid Club account can be redeemed for bonus tickets or for upgrades to higher service classes and to premium tiers.
The table does not include additional points given for tier/EXECUTIVE Members, FLY CARD or FLY CARD PREMIUM credit cards
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The additional points are
Extra Points
Subject to
Matmid Club regulations as published on the EL AL website


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Estonian in Toronto
Planning on working overseas, traveling abroad, or connecting with foreign friends and family?
Take the first step: enroll in a Estonian course in your city.
Opportunities abound for those speaking Estonian.
How will you keep up?
As Toronto becomes more and more of an international city, knowing a foreign language is a key skill for keeping up in the multilingual realm. Meet native, qualified tutors in your area who can help you achieve proficiency in a foreign language whether for travel, business, or personal purposes. Take a free online language level test to gauge your skill level, or send us an inquiry to find out more about our personalized language courses.
Interesting Language Facts
Translators and interpreters are expected to be one of the top 15 fastest growing occupations in the US.
Being fluent in two languages enhances a person's ability to concentrate.
One quarter of the world's population has some knowledge of the English language.
1-on-1 Business Estonian Course in Toronto
Our Estonian courses in Toronto are taught on a one-on-one basis and will help you improve your business communication skills immensely. No matter what level you begin at we will soon have you dealing with business introductions comfortably before moving onto other matters. Beginner level students can expect to finish the course with basic telephone Estonian and email skills, as well as a level of survival Estonian, granting them the ability to work in a country where Estonian is the native tongue.
1-on-1 General Estonian Course in Toronto
Our general one-on-one courses in Toronto will help students improve their Estonian level quickly and efficiently, whatever their needs. One of the most exciting aspects of our courses is that they are developed entirely around the needs of the students. The fact that we offer our Estonian classes on a One-on-One basis means that you can learn the words and phrases you need in a comfortable and relaxed environment.
2-to-1 and Small Group
Estonian Courses in Toronto (closed group)
Our Estonian courses are also available for small groups studying together (Two-to-One Estonian Course or In-Company Small Group Estonian Course). All participants must have the same language needs, be able to study at the same time at the same place and be at the same level. All participants should be booked at the same time. Language Trainers suggest that you do not look for classes with more than 8 students at one time. However, an In-Company Taster Estonian Course can contain a maximum of 12 people.
language teachers in TORONTO
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Some of our Language Teachers in Toronto
Llyane is a Parisian French language coach who travels between Toronto, New York and Paris while teaching French via Skype. She is especially prepared to teach busy traveling professionals. Her academic background is extensive, including degrees in French and Filmmaking.
Ben is a native French speaker who has been teaching French to students of different levels for over five years. He has taught at various institutions that specialize in teaching children and teenagers. Before moving to Canada, he lived in France for 15 years.
Our clients from Toronto include:
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had a hole in my power steering line,was losing fluid and making squeaking noise when turn the wheels and steeringwheel would feel hard at times. they said it was hose and replaced it.now it not losing fluild but sounds still there when turning and steeringwheel still feels hard a few times.
by monkey1963 in Gurley, AL on February 20, 2013


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4030 Bowsprit Ln
Colorado Springs, CO 80918
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Helping protecting you family and your home from Colorado Springs to Durango
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by Robin D , 06/11/2013
After several burgularies with an ADT system, I decided it was time for a change. Bill came in and thoroughly inspected the house and the system and made recomendations on what was needed to protect the residence. The installation was very detailed and I feel safer knowing a local company and local people are working with me to keep my house secure. I trust them and their service 100%!


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• A survivors fund has been set up for the families of Gene Hern and Frank Romero. The following are the accounts: Children of Gene Hern, Wells Fargo account number 7040660958 and the widow of Frank Romero, Wells Fargo account number 7040660941.
• The city of Las Vegas employee union has set up memorial funds for Gene Hern and Frank Romero at the State Employees Credit Union. The Hern account number is 3001582700 and the Romero account is 3001582710.
The Las Vegas-San Miguel Economic Development Corporation would be teetering on dissolution were it not for a handful of people determined to keep it afloat. They've got their work cut out for them.
Last week, Matt Martinez, chairman of the EDC, and Lavinia Fenzi, interim executive director, attended a San Miguel County Commission meeting to ask for $10,000 for the agency. What they got was $5,000 and some pointed remarks about the effectiveness of its work.
"You guys keep printing the same news, and you even copy from each other." There isn't a newsperson alive who hasn't needed to refute these charges.
Most of us have experienced that this-sounds-familiar phenomenon either when reading the paper or listening to the news: the same word order, the same chronology.
The much-anticipated professional boxing match between Las Vegas light middleweight Arturo Crespin and Canadian Janks Trotter ended unceremoniously back on March 18 at the Celebrity Theater in Phoenix.
An apparently accidental headbutt in the second round opened an ugly gash on Crespin's face, and referee Tony Zaino stopped the fight, resulting in a no-contest draw.
It was a disappointment for "El Toro," who had won four consecutive bouts going into the match with Trotter.
Las Vegas Optic and NMHU
Jordan Taton, a two-time national champion, has been named the new head coach of the New Mexico Highlands University rodeo program.
The announcement of the latest hire by NMHU Athletic Director Ed Manzanares came late this past week.
Instead of blowing out candles for his 18th birthday, Nicholas Aragon was hitting baseballs in Puerto Rico.
Aragon celebrated his birthday June 29 by connecting three times in as many at-bats, including a double, for Team USA against the San Juan (Puerto Rico) Jets in an 8-4 loss.
Aragon also scored a run in the game.
He also pitched for Team USA, allowing one hit and facing five batters.
Aragon is playing as a member of the USA Coast to Coast team.
The Las Vegas Youth Soccer League is accepting registrations for the 2011 fall season through August. Parents may register their youngsters online at lasvegasyouthsoccer.org or at DesertGate Internet 118 Bridge Street, Las Vegas.
Those with questions are asked to call Shelby or Rachel Curtis at 505-652-4101.
• Las Vegas Adult League men's games: Yo Momma vs. Young Bucks, 6:30 p.m., Good Doodz vs. Buzzards, 7:30 p.m., city complex
• Las Vegas Adult League women's game: Lady Warriors vs. Bud-Dick's- Night Owl, 7:30 p.m., Rodriguez Park
• Las Vegas Adult League men's games: Dream Team vs. Chuggers RESCHEDULED to Aug. 16
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The Las Vegas Optic is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in San Miguel County and Las Vegas, NM, and the surrounding area.


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Teens accused of Garden District rape appear in courtUPDATED 5:48 PM CST Feb 08, 2013
A judge will decide if a 15 and a 16 year old will be tried as adults or juveniles.
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Admission: Free for spectators; knappers - $10
Meeting Place: Ball Field Area
Flint knappers will be demonstrating and teaching the primitive art of making points and arrowheads. Some tools and rock will be available for those starting out. This is an excellent opportunity to watch and learn from "seasoned" knappers. Demonstrations both days.
Explore Mammoth Spring State Park with our helpful maps and brochures! Just click on an icon to view, or right-click on your mouse to save a
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599 miles...Since January...5906...Well, 6,000 miles plus is pretty likely for 04.
599 miles...Since January...5906...Well, 6,000 miles plus is pretty likely for 04.
2,088km for the month of November. A really slow start, I had less than 500km on November 12. A big finish, however, two imperial centuries in four days last week. Oh yeah, I also went over 20,000km for the year last week too.
"I am never going to flirt with idleness again" - Roy Keane
"We invite everyone to question the entire culture we take for granted." - Manic Street Preachers.
My blog.
My bike tours. Japan tour page under construction.
I'm only posting this to make others feel better...
236 miles Someone in a warmer climate needs to rent out a room for me in the winter
I did get over 1000 miles since Sept 1 though. Makes me feel a little better seeing as I'm new to riding road.
653 miles
Eh if it makes you feel any better I only did 213.15 miles. Cold wet and short days is limiting my riding a great deal.Originally Posted by mirona
Not too many miles for me having ridden only 4 rides: 182.9 with 14875' of climbing.
500 miles
1051 miles, or 1691 km. Some say I cheated since I was on vacation (riding a rental) in the Caribbean for the last two weeks of November. We'll see if I can cram 1000 miles into December too; it'll be trickier with that snow stuff coming...
317 miles, up from 250 in October; 1409 total since July when I started keeping tabs (new at this . . .)


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Milan Things to Do Tips by argentia
Milan Things to Do: 1,036 reviews and 2,295 photos
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Santa Maria Delle Grazie
The old church or Santa Maria Delle Grazie is now home to one of the most famous frescoes in the world: Da Vinci's 'Last Supper'. In order to see this masterpiece you must reserve tickets, which can be done on the website for the Cenacolo Vinciano. Reservations open approximately 3 months before the date (i.e for July 13th, tickets are available from April 13th) and they go fast. About 20 tickets are available for each viewing (every 15 minutes daily).
Arrive at least 10 minutes before your reservation in order to pick up your tickets in time. Each group is then ushered into 2 consecutive holding rooms before you are allowed to enter the viewing room. Once inside, you are allowed 15 minutes to view the fresco (and an additional one on the other side of the room) before you are ushered out to another holding room and the exit. No bags or cameras allowed inside.
Address: Corso Magenta
Directions: Metro 1 - Conciliazione
Spires of the Duomo
This is the largest church in Milano. The soaring ceilings, colourful stained-glass windows, and shining white marble make it a gorgeous sight. You can ride the elevator (6 euro) or take the stairs up to the roof and actually walk around the entire structure. The panoramic view of the city is amazing.
Address: Piazza Duomo
Castello Sforzesco
The castello was an old fort protecting the city. It now houses a number of museums, and has large gardens in the back.
Address: Piazza Castello
Directions: Cairoli Metro Exit
Galleria di Vittorio Emmanuele
The Galleria is filled with high-end designer shops (and a McDonalds!). In the centre is a mosaic on the floor of a bull. It's local custom to stomp on the bull's...well, private area...for good luck. In fact, the mosaic gets restored every few years because of the damage.
Address: Piazza Duomo-Piazza della Scala
Directions: Metro 1 & 3 - Duomo
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my first jar of pickled peppers
Posted 11 February 2012 - 08:32 PM
some white vinager some salt and some mexican pickling spice and a couple garlic cloves....
jalapenos,serranos and some yellow chilis not sure what there called but there big,
Posted 11 February 2012 - 08:39 PM
Back NineBrew and Wine ------Wouldn't you like to be a Pepper too?
Posted 11 February 2012 - 10:09 PM
You do your thing, I'll do mine.
Posted 11 February 2012 - 10:38 PM
Posted 13 February 2012 - 12:48 PM
Posted 13 February 2012 - 12:55 PM
Posted 13 February 2012 - 02:20 PM
NOT having Dick's right now is really grinding my gears.
Oh hell, I am gonna close my eyes and just grab some.
If you have never tried it "dry" you should. It will be interesting to see how you like it better.
Posted 13 February 2012 - 03:38 PM
about 50/50
Wait, all white vinegar? No water? Yikes.
Posted 14 February 2012 - 11:32 AM
Posted 14 February 2012 - 01:01 PM
Back NineBrew and Wine ------Wouldn't you like to be a Pepper too?
Posted 04 March 2012 - 06:55 PM
Edited by Tecolote, 04 March 2012 - 06:56 PM.
Posted 04 March 2012 - 07:18 PM
What's in Mexican pickling spice? When i make whether it's with serranos or jalapeños i pickle them with carrots and onions blanch them, add salt, pepper corns, oregano, minced garlic, white vinegar, water and some olive oil. I don't know what the olive oil does it's just whenever i open a can of store bought pickled peppers there is always a little bit of oil in it. I can never make it come out tasting as good as out of the can though. I sometimes eat them right away but they taste best after about a week.
Not sure whats in it but they are so good. i get it at the grocery store buy the mexican spices it cost about 1.50 and i dumped the whole package in there with 50/50 water and white vinager let them sit in the pantry for about 3 weeks then put it in the fridge. they are nice and crisp with lots of flavor.
Posted 07 March 2012 - 06:54 AM
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Sleek, contemporary and supremely versatile, this ceiling mount fixture has two individually adjustable gooseneck lights. A great choice for kitchen lighting, play rooms, hallways or anywhere you need flexibility in your lighting scheme. Brushed steel finish.
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Season Ticket Prices
Season runs from June 1st 2015 - May 31st 2016
Season Tickets are priced at £70.00 for new members
Season Ticket prices are reduced by £5.00 each month for part year tickets (price will depend on the months remaining until renewal).
Concession Prices for Over 65s of £65.00
Disabled (Blue Badge Holders) of £60.00
Concession Prices for 16 - 18s of £55.00
Concession Prices for under 16s £37.00 (Under 16s must be accompanied by an adult aged over 21 years at all times)
Fishing Times for Members only from 5am to Dusk (but no later than 9.30pm)
Day Tickets
Adult Day Tickets are priced at £7.00 for 1 rod, a charge of £2.00 is made for an extra rod, but no angler can use a second rod once there is 7 anglers on the pond
Over 65s & Disabled Blue Badge Holders - Day Tickets are priced at £6.00
Under 16s Day Tickets are priced at £5.00 (Under 16s must be accompanied by an adult aged over 21 years at all times). No charge for none fishing adults who accompany under 16s
Fishing Times for Day Tickets are 7.30am to Dusk (but no later than 9.30pm)
All Day Tickets can be pre-booked (at least one day in advance) by contacting Nigel on 07836758987 or from:
Night Fishing
Night Fishing for existing Members is available at no extra cost but must be arranged with prior agreement from the Fishery Manager, members can do as many as they want but no more than 48 hours in a row,night fishing for new members is only allowed in their first year of membership if there is a balliff night fishing on the lake which there is quite often, night fishing for under 21s is only allowed when a bailiff on the pond,night fishing for under 16 is only allowed when they are accompanied by an adult over 21 years of age
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