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The MCTC campus will be closed May 28-30 for Memorial Day weekend.
If you are a MnSCU student and you meet all the requirements listed under the important note on this page, then yes, you can just register for MCTC classes via eServices.
If you are enrolled at a college or university outside the MnSCU system, simply submit a Visiting Student Registration form along with a copy of your unofficial college transcripts or placement test scores to be registered. You can fax the form and transcripts to 612-659-6245, scan and email to email@example.com, send by mail, or drop it off in-person at the Student Services Center (T.2200).
If you plan to complete a program here (diploma, degree or certificate), or if you are an international student, you need to follow the admissions process.
No, if you have met the placement testing requirements listed for the class you want to take already, you just need to submit your unofficial transcripts with your Visiting Student Registration form. As a visiting student, you do still need to meet prerequisite and placement requirements for the courses you want to take. If you haven't met them, you can take the placement test at MCTC.
Non-degree-seeking students are not eligible for financial aid from MCTC. To be eligible for financial aid, you must be seeking an award (degree, diploma, some certificates). If you are visiting us from another school, talk to your home institution about financial aid.
Apply to MCTC as a transfer student.
Admissions Advisors are located in Counseling & Advising (T.2500) and can meet with prospective students regarding admission to the college, programs and services available, and the steps to enrollment.
You will be registered for your classes as a visiting student by filling out the visiting student registration form as long as you have sent your unofficial transcripts showing you meet any required prerequisites or placement requirements. If there are any issues with your registration we will contact you via email.
"Sometimes I felt like I was on the outside looking in the window," she said. "Now, thanks to the guidance I received from my mentors, I am on the inside looking out to my success on my new path."
Te invitamos a conocer nuestras programas educativos (Univision).
Find out why nearly 14,000 students choose Minneapolis Community and Technical College each year!
"The pendulum has swung" toward community colleges.
In this Star Tribune article, community colleges were recognized for offering an inexpensive, fast-track path to employment. Although once regarded as "the 13th grade," popular opinion about community college has since changed.
1501 Hennepin Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55403
612-659-6000 | Minnesota Relay Service: 711 or email@example.com
Copyright © 2016 Minneapolis Community and Technical College. Privacy EEO
MCTC is an equal opportunity employer and educator.
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My dad is 67 years old and completely baffled by the idea that people actually WANT to use the internet to make their personal information available for all the world to see.
I, however, am a recent college graduate. As such, the majority of my high school and college years were spent doing just that – chronicling my entire life on social media sites. In fact, as far as my friends and I were concerned, if it wasn't posted on Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter, it didn't actually happen.
Maybe my generation should slow down for a minute and listen to some of what my father's generation is saying about the frightening amount of personal information that can be discovered about us simply because we innocently relinquish it to cyber space.
Before you log into your favorite social media website, BBB strongly encourages you to read that website's privacy policy as well as their terms and conditions of use. The privacy policy should tell you the type of information they collect, who can see that information, how it is secured, and what recourse you have if your information is misused. BBB also requires all BBB Accredited Businesses that collect sensitive data to disclose their privacy policies and to protect the sensitive information of their users.
For example, Facebook, the well-known social media website, is a BBB Accredited Business. As such, like all BBB Accredited Businesses, Facebook is required to take steps to protect your privacy as a user.
Just like you would do research on the companies with which you do business, companies also do their due diligence when it comes to checking on you as a consumer. Millennials, like us, shop online. Companies are collecting all sorts of information about you while you shop.
However, more than just marketing companies and retailers track our online presence. Employers and companies that may be hiring are interested in your online presence as well. People have been fired or denied jobs based on things they have said or done on Facebook and other social media sites. So, keep in mind that entering the job market now is harder than ever, so you should be sure to dot your I's and cross your T's.
We all need to be more vigilant about monitoring our social media presence. BBB has a few helpful tips for my fellow social media lovers:
- Avoid entering sensitive information, anywhere. But, if you must enter Social Security numbers, driver's license information, or financial information, make sure that the website is secure and trustworthy. (i.e. look for the "s" in "https" to make sure that the website is secure)
- Never email sensitive information. If you do, your credit card information could live on servers everywhere.
- Check your privacy settings on social media sites. Limit your profile to only the people that you trust with your information.
- Think before you post any videos or pictures that could come back to haunt you. Maybe those drunken Vegas pictures should stay in the "What Happens in Vegas" folder on your desktop.
- Nothing in cyberspace goes away, EVER. Don't post it if you only want it to be there temporarily.
- Make sure to always read a business's privacy policy so you know exactly what that business can and will do with your information. (For example: Facebook has the rights to any picture posted there. So, visit facebook.com and take a look at its policies.)

subset: commoncrawl


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Harris Research, LLC.
|Harris Research, LLC. Patent applications
|Patent application number
|SUTURING AND KNOT-TYING DEVICE - A tool for use in placing sutures and tying knots is disclosed. The tool has a handle for grasping by a user of the tool, an elongate neck extending from the handle, and a moveable head attached to the neck. A needle is operatively connected to the head. The needle is moveable between a retracted position and an extended position. A needle drive mechanism is provided for moving the needle relative to the head, while a head positioning mechanism is provided for moving the head relative to the handle.


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Dropped into the small chain ring today and the chain slipped inside between the crank and BB. Took a 1/4 turn before I realized (i'm dumb that way)..
This is what I got.
Need a new 85.00 chain and a 300 dollar tool.
Anyone want this for a necklace or wallet chain? I'll clean it up too!!


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MANUFACTURERHayward Pool Products
(4.72 out of 5 Stars on 45 Ratings)
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Product Description
The CL200 Inline Chlorinator is designed to automatically feed chlorine to your inground pool by working with your existing pump and filter system. Returning water to the pool flows through the chlorinator which is plumbed inline after the filter. A simple dial valve allows you to easily control the amount of chlorine being dispensed. No more floating chlorine dispensers in the pool or manually adding chlorine. The CL200 sanitizes your pool automatically, holding 9 lbs of Trichlor tablets or sticks. Hayward chlorinators are made from sturdy ABS thermoplastic and feature a durable Viton seal for the lid.
Flow Ratings: (GPM = Gallons Per Minute) CL100 - Used with pumps with flow rating of 30-50 GPM CL200 - Used with pumps with flow rating of 50-80 GPM CL2002S - Used with pumps with flow rating of 50-90 GPM CL110 - Used with pumps with flow rating of 30-50 GPM CL220 - Used with pumps with flow rating of 50-90 GPM Miscellaneous Notes
Note:Chemical feeders should always be installed after a pool heater. CAUTION: Extreme care must be excerised when adding chemicals to your pool. Concentrated chemicals may react violently if they mix in the chemical feeder, causing a fire or explosion, which may result in PROPERTY DAMAGE, PERSONAL INJURY or DEATH. CAUTION: Never use any petroleum based lubricants on cover O-Ring. Regular lubrication is necessary to allow for easy cover removal. Use non-petroleum based lubricants such as Jack's No. 327 lube or Ivory bar soap.
Click here for more Hayward Chlorinator
How can I disconnect a chlorinaator that is cracked and leaking. How do I disconnect from the water supply. Can not run pool bcause of the leak
Hello, Ultimately it depends on how the chlorinator is plumbed in. If it is not plumbed with unions, you will have to cut the pvc and replumb.
Can the hayward cl2002s be used for bromine.
The Hayward CL200 Chlorinator can also be used as a Brominator. Here is a link to the literature for the Hayward CL200 Chlorinator if you have additional questions.
Am looking for a CL200 chlorinator lid only, does anyone know where I can find one. Thanks
Moe- The lid for your Cl 200 InLine Hayward Chlorinator is part number 2110-04 Cap, Cover (clx200c).
I have an 18' above ground round pool with a Hayward EC40 pump / filter system. The system uses 1 1/2" ID Flexible pipe for it's plumbing. Which Hayward Chlorinator should I bet getting? the CL 100 or 110?
If your equipment hose is corrugated then I would use the CL100 and hose clamp the hose to a reducer fitting. If you have smooth hose then I would use the CL110 inline with the hose.
The faqs suggest I need 2 inline chlorinators for my 50,000 gallon pool. Will they work connected end to end, or do they need to be in parallel?
Hi Jared, The Hayward InLine Chlorinator (CL200) will have to be plumbed parallel.
I have a hard time getting the lid off
Hello Don, make sure the oring is lubed and cleaned on a regular bases. also there is a tool Lid Wrench (dg3-1) V that can be used
Where can I find a replacement o ring?
Good day. If you look here - The 200 Inline And Offline Series Parts. The o-ring for the lid is part number 2110-06 . It would be part #6 on the parts diagram.
One of your answers to a FAQ says "(make sure) the flow through the chlorinator is at that needed 50-90 gallons per minute" How do I do that?
Hi John, You would have to either install a Flow Meter or calculate the feet of head of your pool by using our How to Size a Pool Pump for Your In-Ground Pool and compare if to the performance chart of your current pump.
I have a Hayward chlorine feeder that has worked well for a couple years. I just filled it today with 9-10 tabs as usual. When I turned on pump the chlorinator leaked out of top at 2 places. Can't get it to stop leaking. I noticed there is I-ring in the lid...does it require an O-ring? Thanks,
Hi John, You will need to replace the Lid O-ring (CLX200K).
how do i put the tablets in?
Cheri, remove the twist-off lid of the CL200 and then add the necessary amount of tablets for maintenance. For a full maintenance overview of the Hayward CL200 review Hayward's Owner's Manual
I would like to install a CL 200 for my 18,000 gallon in-ground pool. Is it safe to use with solar heating systems. Is there a special or different installation when using with solar heating panels.
Hi Jon, The Hayward InLine Chlorinator (CL200) can be used with solar heating panels. There isn't any special installation when using solar panels, but typical installation will require the chlorinator be plumbed in last as stated in the Hayward Chlorinator Manual.
On the outlet side of the chlorinator is there a check valve or anywhere on the chlorinator?
Hi Richard, The Hayward InLine Chlorinator (CL200) can only flow one way so that would indicate that it has a check valve within the chlorinator. However it does not show as a replacement part.
i have a Hayward Chlorinator cl220. I do not know if I have the flow correct. How do I know?
Randy, There should be an arrow on the body of the chlorinator that will show which way the water should be flowing.
my old cl-200 does not have a base I see your new ones come with a base I don't have much room is the base removable.
Unfortunately the CL-200 base is not removable. It is an integral part of the Chlorinator.
just boughT a cl 200 chlorinator from you guy`s .is there a video somewhere that i can watch for installing
Hi Birna. As of yet we do not have a vdeo of your style of inline chlorinator posted but we do have an instructional pictorial with written captions here. There are also many videos of an inline chlorinator install on Youtube. Thank you for your inquery.
can i use the hayward cl200 for a above ground pool my pool holds about 24,000 gallons of water
Yes you can use this for your pool. As long as you have sufficient gallons per minute flow and may need to either hard plumb this or use fittings that can be used to clamp or glue your flex hose to them.
how to open and add chlorine tablets
These lids uncrew turning it to the left. You can also use a special Hayward chlorinator lid wrench that you can view here.
Hi Richard, You will need to get the Hayward Inline Chlorinator 2 Inch Slip (CL2002S), It has 2" slip ports.
what is the dimension from the inlet pipe to the outlet pipe?
These chlorinators are designed to be used with 1.5 inch plumbing for the female ports.
I have a 30,000 gal. in ground pool. Which chlorinator would go best with this pool? I'm having trouble keeping the pool stable by using the 1 skimmer basket to place the pucks in. I think it had a chlorinator on it at one time that someone has cut out and replaced with a 1-1/2" pvc pipe. Want to get the right one.
This chlorinator would be a very good option. As long as the flow through the chlorinator is at that needed 50-90 gallons per minute then it will work great. Also please be sure that the stabilizer and or also known as the cyanuric acid level is in par, for that will also aid in keeping the chlorine level stable.
I can't read the settings label its faded. How should the dial be? should it be up, right or left?
If you click on the main picture, it will enlarge and show you a better version of the label. If you look at it as a clock face - then 1:00 will be full open and 10:00 would be closed.
difference versus offline 220 chlorinator?
The only real difference between these models is that the CL200 is designed for inline use being plumbed in while the CL220 is for offline using flex tube clamped to the plumbing.
I just ordered a CL200, the two fittings to use for my flex hoses and a check valve. On the check valve, I know it goes prior to the chlorinator but as I have flex hoses and not rigid schedule 40 plumbing ( above ground 21x41 pool) how will the check valve mate up with the 1.5 inch flex hoses?
Jerry, You will have to use PVC for the check valve and then connect the flex hose to the PVC. The pressure will be to much for the flex hose going into the check valve, it may cause it to leak.
which unit should I use for my above ground 21x41 pool. The CL220 or another unit such as the NA342? I have flex hoses so I would need the adapters and check valve. Of the 2 units which one is your suggestion for me to order. Will the NA342 perform as well as the CL220?
Mr. Shannon,Both units will work on your pool. However, one of the major differences is the NA342 does not come with any hoses. It must be plumbed inline with the rest of your equipment. On the other hand, the CL220 is an offline unit and comes with all necessary tubing and clamps. The CL220 is sold more frequently.
After adding chloro tabs to my CL200 a couple of weeks ago, my chlorine rose to 10 ppm within 2 days when the dial was set to 2. The unit is about 5 yrs old and setting the dial to 2 usually keeps the Cl at 2-3 ppm. Over 10 days ago I set the dial to off and the ppm still hasn't gone down. The dial still stops when turned to off or full. Do I need to replace the dial or do I need a kit OR should I replace the CL200?
Jim, You can replace just the Control Knob Assembly W/O-ring (CLX200PA) or replace the complete Hayward InLine Chlorinator (CL200) unit since it is 5 years old.
I have an above ground set up and use flex hose not rigid schedule 40 pipe. My pool is 21x41 oval. I have a 1.5 hp Hayward Power Flo Matrix pump. Which inline chlorinator model would I use and can I get the fittings to use the flex hose with.
Jerry, If you're using 1-1/2" flex hose you can use the Hayward InLine Chlorinator (CL200) with the Union Connectors (SP1500UNPAK2C).
Do I need the check valve to go with the Inline chlorinator for my above ground pool. The filter and pump are on ground level and under the water line.
Jerry, It is common practice to install a check valve before a chlorinator to keep the more concetrated chlorine from backing up into the filter and pump when the pump is shut off.
I have a 21x41 above ground pool. Completely decked in. If installing a inline unit, do I need a check valve in place as well? The unit will be under the deck but below the water level of the pool.
Jerry, A check valve is required to protect chlorine from back flowing into your heater or filter, whichever one you have installed before the chlorinator.
I just replaced my Hayward Chlorinator with a new one, same model, CL200. I installed new lines and fittings that came with it. I have two questions. First, the Chlorinator is not completely filling with water...maybe 1/2 full. Why? Second, with 7 tablets in the Chlorinator, and the adjustment set to the maximum, and my chlorine readings are constantly low (.1). Why would it not be reading quite high, and then require me to reduce the setting. Same problem with the old one. Thanks for your help.
Allan, It is common for the chlorinator to remain half empty. When you first put the tablets in, it will take a few days for you to get a chlorine reading since they are slow dissolve tabs. You can try shocking the pool when you first put in the tabs to get a chlorine reading.
Chlorinator feeder has a small chip that seems to be leaking.This is at the lid top. Can this be fixed or do we need a new chlorinator? Thanks Already have new o-ring.
Hi Michelle, You could just replace your Hayward CL200 Cover here.
My Hayward Chlorinator no longer dissolves the salt tablets. To me this means the water flow is bypassing the salt storage area. Is this a simple fix (e.g. cleaning debris out of the intake) or do I need to replace the unit?
Mark, You can try cleaning out the chlorinator by pouring hot water down the chlorinator. If that doesn't work then replacing the chlorinator will be your next option.
I pump untreated 'spring water through a sediment filter, then into a 1,500 gal storage tank. Can I add your chlorinator to the 1 1/2 inch line going INT0 the storage tank, immediately after the sediment filter? From storage, water goes to a 'pressure tank' and through two 'whole house' carbon filters BEF0RE branching off for use by my family. Is your chlorinator 'adjustable' to our water's 'chlorine' needs, if any? We test water weekly. Thanks,
Wallis, Unfortunately we can not recommend this product for anything other than pool use. I would recommend calling Hayward to answer yoru question. You can reach them at 888-429-9273.
Correct way to hook up hoses for in and out output on the chlorinator to filter and pool pump
Hi Jackie, Pages 4 - 5 of the Hayward Chlorinator Installation Guide show the proper steps for installation.
I have a pump that has MAXIMUM CAPACITY (at 35' Head): 86 GPM
FLOW AT 50' HEAD: 60 GPM with 1 1/2 pipe size pipe. Is this the correct model for me?
I would recommend the Rainbow 320 Chlorinator as it has much less flow restriction than the Hayward CL200 chlorinator.
I have an 18x36 in-ground chlorine pool with an inline chlorinator that was installed when pool was constructed in 1997. Haywayd system, screw off lid with drop in tablets. Dial it in and leave it. I still do the weekly check and treatments if necessary but my question is: I have been told that an inline chlorinator can only be used on saltwater pools. Please respond with information.
Kathy, In-line chlorinator are made for customers who uses chlorine tablets to chlorinate their pool. Saltwater pool wouldn't need an in-line chlorinator because the chlorine is generated with a saltwater system.
Have 2 inch piping through whole system with water features. 55 gpm pump, cartridge filter. Would putting this in create a restriction dropping to 1 1/2 pipe? Would I be better off with a off line? I'm replacing a pentair salt chlorinator and did not know if would be same unions. Can you give thread dimensions? Thank you in advance.
Yes putting the Hayward CL200 on 2" plumbing would cause a bit of a flow restriction as if you look through the 1-1/2" port it actually bottle-necks down to about 3/4" at its narrowest point. The offline version does have some issues with the tubes getting clogged. I would suggest the Rainbow 320 Inline chlorinator as it is a straight 2" port and has minimal to no flow restriction on 2" plumbing.
I am putting in a small in ground fiberglass pool, +/- 2500 gals and I am installing a 40 watt uv sanitizer and an ionizer. I understand I will still need to add a small amount of chlorine, equivalent to tap water. Is the lowest setting low enough for this application?
Bruce - The CL200 , set on the lowest setting, may produce too much chlorine for your application. We would recommend the Rainbow 320. The 320 has the option to add a spa chamber which allows you to lower the chlorine output by using smaller tabs.
I have a 33ft round above ground pool (27,500 gal) with flex hoses. Will this work or do you recommend something else?
Hello John - The CL200 will work on your pool. We would recommend purchasing two adapters for the flex hoses.
Can you use Cal hypo tablets in this clorinator if inside pool(Cl-200)
Mike, Unfortunately you can not use cal-hypo tablets in this chlorinator. It is designed for sloq dissolve tablets only.
I have a Hayward inline chlorinator now and for approx 10 years. For the past 4-5 years we have difficulty unscrewing the top off to add the chlorine and to the point i can no longer add the chlorine myself. I need to ask someone else to do it and it is difficult for them as well. We would like to replace the chlorinator but afraid to get this same model with a screw top as we may have the same difficulty. Does Hayward sell a latch-on type lid rather than a screw-on type?
Unfortunately Hayward has not changed the design. The best way to prevent this from recurring is to keep the lid o-ring lubricated and to use the lid wrench - Part number 0211-0 or click on this link - http://www.inyopools.com/Products/07501352020738.htm#parts
I am thinking of purchasing a chlorinator, I use flex hoses right now. Will I have to change to solid piping?
You can use flex pvc or hose to plumb in the chlorinator. Keep in mind that both will deteriorate at a faster pace vs hard pvc and will need to be replaced eventually.
Does this model work for above ground pools?
The CL200 will work well with an above ground pool if the plumbing is hard pvc. We offer the NA342 for above ground pools with flexible plumbing.
Does the Hayward CL200 need an external check valve?
Generally, yes, It is a good practice to keep the water with high concentrations of chlorine from backing up into your heater or filter.
I have a really hard time taking the cap off my chlorinator. Is there a wrench that I can buy?
If you are having difficulty removing the lid on your Hayward CL200 or CL220, you can the Dura Grip Lid Wrench: http://www.inyopools.com/Products/07501352020738.htm#parts It fits securely on the lid, making removal a breeze.
What is the difference between an inline and offline chlorinator?
An inline chlorinator would be plumbed directly inline with the plumbing. For an existing pool, this would mean a section of pipe would need to be cut out to install the chlorinator. An offline chlorinator attaches to existing plumbing by chlorinator tubing (holes would be drilled into existing pipe to attach the tubing.)
How do I know if one chlorinator is enough for my pool?
The Hayward CL200 or CL220 chlorinator will provide enough chlorine for up to 40,000 gallons of water. You would need to calculate the volume of your pool to determine how many chlorinators you would need. For example, if you have 60,000 gallons then you would use two CL200 or CL220 chlorinators.
Does the in-line chlorinator come with a check valve, or must it be purchased separately?
No this does not come with the check valve. We would highly reccommend purchasing one of the check valves listed on this page http://www.inyopools.com/valves_flo_check.aspx
Is there a feedback mechanism that tells the unit the chlorine balance in the pool? Is this a way for me to automate addition of clorine to keep it always at the correct level? Or, just another place to put the tab aside from the the drain basket?
There is a dial on this unit which has a setting from 1-10 If you set the dial on 1 it will be letting the least amount of chlorine to the pool and if you have it set at 10 this would send the most amount of chlorine to the pool. So you can automate the feed of chlorine to the pool but you will still need to manually test your water. We do not recommend placing tablets in the skimmer basket because this high concentration of chlorine goes directly back to your pump and can cause corrosion to your pool equipment. If you do not go with the automatic chlorinator we would recommend at least going with one of our floating chlorinators so you do not damage your equipment you may view our floating chlorinators here http://www.inyopools.com/chlorinators_floating.aspx
Can I use granular, or must I use 3" tablets or stick?
We recommend using tablets or sticks, and not to use granular with chlorinators.
Does this model work with 1 1/2" PVC?
Yes this is made for 1 1/2" PVC pipe.
Ratings Summary
Average Rating:
(4.72 out of 5 Stars)
(93%) 42 of 45 customers would recommend this product to a friend.
Write A Review
The Most Helpful Review
3 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
(5 out of 5 Stars) Great Chlorinator
Reviewed By:
Roger F.
from Enterprise, AL
Pros: Makes keeping the chlorine level in your pool easy and trouble free.
Cons: You must be careful when putting tablets in the chlorinator as the chlorine smell is very strong.
This CL200 Hayward chlorinator was a replacement for my 12 year old Chlorinator, which I cracked by accident. The new chlorinator works very well and is a duplicate of the old one, but shinier. Works well, lasts a long time. Get the union kit to ease installation now and in the future.
Was this review helpful to you? Yes - No
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The Most Recent Reviews
Be the first to say if this was helpful or not
(5 out of 5 Stars)
Reviewed By:
Anthony P.
from Lyndhurst NJ
Pros: easy to install
good quality
(5 out of 5 Stars) GREAT CHLORINATOR
Reviewed By:
from LEBANON, PA
Pros: EASY TO USE. SIMPLE AND CONVENIENT.
Cons: HAVE NOT FOUND ANY.
(5 out of 5 Stars) Good Chlorinator
Reviewed By:
Ron S.
from New Haven In
Installed easily and simple to use.
(5 out of 5 Stars) hayward chlorinator
Reviewed By:
Ron D.
Pros: holds a lot of chlorine,works great
Cons: no cons
bought it to replace 12 year old one lasted 12 years works great old one still works but needs more $ in parts so I bought another
(5 out of 5 Stars) Hayward Chlorinator
Reviewed By:
Pros: keeps chlorine level consistent
Cons: none
good buy makes my pool more maintenance free!
(5 out of 5 Stars) Great Purchase
Reviewed By:
from Davie, FL
Pros: Easy Installation, Good Price
Cons: None
This was a first time replacement and I have to say it was very easy to install. It took about 30 minutes and has been working perfect ever since. Would definitely buy again.
0 of 1 person found the following review helpful:
(4 out of 5 Stars) hayward inline chlorinator
Reviewed By:
from NJ
Pros: reliable long lasting unit
Got this at a better price than I could find elsewhere. Since I already had the same unit, I cheaped out and didn't buy the connecting pipes. Bad move. I can't get the old ones off. So currently I have the old unit installed with the new units top. Guess what, that solved my problem which was leaking and air in the pool return lines. A "tune up" kit is sold separately with O-rings for the top that probably would have solved my problem. Oh, well I'm going to order the connecting pipe and replace the unit as it is 15 yrs old anyway.
Hayward Chlorinator Manual (465.3 KB)
Please feel free to view our complete library of owners manuals.
Replacement parts for 200 Inline and Offline Series
How To Decide Whether You Need An In-line or Off-line Chlorinator
How To Select a Proper Pool Chlorinator
How To Replace the Hayward CL220 & CL110 Lid O-Ring


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Denver Broncos
Former Broncos star Floyd Little says he still dreams of playing football.
How the Broncos plan to use Tim Tebow remains a hot topic in Denver.
Kyle Orton is on Mike Florio's list of quarterbacks who should be benched.
Kansas City Chiefs
The Chiefs are set for training camp at their new summer home at Missouri Western State University.
The Lions remain interested in Chiefs safety Jarrad Page.
KCChiefs.com has a video showcasing the Chiefs' new St. Joseph practice facility.
Defensive end Tyson Jackson is one of the highest paid athletes in the country.
Oakland Raiders
Is Oakland a possible landing spot for free-agent receiver Terrell Owens?
Cornerback Jeremy Ware has agreed to a contract with the Raiders.
San Diego
In light of the offseason changes and the current contract squabbles, are the Chargers still title contenders?
Despite all of Philip Rivers' success, the quarterback knows that there's still one thing missing: a Super Bowl Championship.
Chargers.com's position previews continue with defensive ends.


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Firefighters putting out flareups in Midwest City, searching for cause of grassfires
MIDWEST CITY -- Even as firefighters continue to douse hot spots and watch for flareups, investigators are digging today into the cause of the wildfire that destroyed 17 homes and damaged many more in the Midwest City limits. "We would like to know what caused the fire," Midwest City Fire Marshal Jerry Lojka said. The first fire was reported about 3 p.m. Thursday at SW 29 and Post Road, quickly growing into an inferno that devastated the Turtlewood, Windsong and Oakwood additions, among others. More houses, barns and outbuildings burned in Choctaw and other places in eastern Oklahoma County, with today's tally standing at about 100 structures for the entire county. It won't be easy, Lojka said, but he does think it is possible to determine the cause of the Midwest City fire. Lojka said during a noon update that two or three subdivision residents had smoke inhalation injuries, and many firefighters got soot in their eyes but none had serious injuries. "We all want to get back to normalcy, but unfortunately it's going to be a long time for some of these folks who lost their homes," Lojka said. He said about 75 people spent the night in the shelter, but all residents were released to go back to their homes at 7:30 this morning. He said the community center is not scheduled to be open as a shelter with sleeping cots tonight. While more than 100 structures were destroyed in Oklahoma County Thursday, officials estimate than only about 40 of those were homes. In the Midwest City/Choctaw area, officials said there were an estimated 2,000 acres burned, affecting 60 homes with 34 homes totally destroyed — 17 in Midwest City and 17 in Choctaw. While the Bryant and her family were preparing to see their neighborhood, residents in Oakwood East were slowly returning to the random devastation throughout the hard hit neighborhood. At Lake Stanley Draper, Oklahoma City fire crews battled brush and structure fires across more than two square miles east of Lake Stanley Draper yesterday, Deputy Fire Chief Cecil Clay said. At least a dozen houses have burned east of the lake . The burned area includes the land between SE 119 to SE 149 and Hiawassee and Anderson Roads. And the extinguished fires started to pick up again just north of SE 149 late Friday morning.


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Sughran's Group
She has applied for a loan from Kiva partner Asasah to buy another buffalo to expand her milk selling business. The additional buffalo will not only become an asset for her business but also increase her profits in future.
She has many years of experience in her business and hopeful that an investment will bring positive changes to her business. Her elder son is 27 years old and she hopes that she will be able to marry him off in the near future with the help of increased profits.
She is a regular loan user of Asasah and this is her 4th loan application. In previous loan years, she has maintained a good credit behavior and never missed any meeting.
Note: In the photo, the lady with a book (called Asasah Passbook) is Sughran.
Additional Information
This is a Group Loan
In a group loan, each member of the group receives an individual loan but is part of a larger group of individuals. The group is there to provide support to the members and to provide a system of peer pressure, but groups may or may not be formally bound by a group guarantee. In cases where there is a group guarantee, members of the group are responsible for paying back the loans of their fellow group members in the case of delinquency or default.
Kiva's Field Partners typically feature one borrower from a group. The loan description, sector, and other attributes for a group loan profile are determined by the featured borrower's loan. The other members of the group are not required to use their loans for the same purpose.
About Pakistan
246View loans »
Success!! The loan was 100% repaid
- Repayment Term
- 13 months (Additional Information)
- Repayment Schedule
- Monthly
- Pre-Disbursed:
- Jun 21, 2011
- Listed
- Jun 24, 2011
- Currency Exchange Loss:
- Possible
- Ended:
- Jun 15, 2012


text:
if you could stay in any for 3 nights where would you choose and why. This is for early december so everywhere will be decked out for Christmas. There will be 3 of us.
Grand Floridian, I love it at Christmas, it's magical. There is the Gingerbread House and the when we've been there in the evening there have been people singing Christmas carols and the tree is beautiful.
It is more "adult" possibly sophisticated, there aren't lots of children running round, which is a plus for me
I wouldn't stay anywhere else if I was going for Christmas, I guess it's the romantic side of me imagining being at a Victorian Christmas
Hmmm, can't really go wrong with any of them. I am a big nostalga fan and when we stayed at Boardwalk all dressed up for the holidays it was awesome. It had a very 1940's feel. GF is fantastic too, though we just visited the resort and spent time in the lobby and had dinner there. The Poly was beautiful too. It would be nice to be on the monorail wouldn't it. I guess the better question for me is which deluxe would be my least favorite and that would be the Contemp. I did mention that I an a nostaga fan.


text:
Former King's Lynn Town striker Harris snapped up by UCL Holbeach United
15:52 20 June 2012
© Archant Norfolk 2012
Former King's Lynn Town striker Robbie Harris will be playing in the United Counties Premier Division again next season after signing for Holbeach United.
Harris, 28, was released by the Linnets this summer after failing to nail down a regular starting spot in Gary Setchell's side last season.
A host of non-league clubs were rumoured to be interested in signing the frontman who netted 73 times in 186 appearances for Lynn - including 18 during their last campaign.
However, Holbeach boss John Chand landed the striker's signature earlier today and said on Twitter: "Robbie Harris becomes Holbeach United for next season. Proven goal scorer at this level and I'm delighted that he is on board!"


text:
A pedigree is a structured description of the familial relationships between samples.
Some GATK tools are capable of incorporating pedigree information in the analysis they perform if provided in the form of a PED file through the
--pedigree (or
-ped) argument.
PED files are tabular text files describing meta-data about the samples. See http://www.broadinstitute.org/mpg/tagger/faq.html and http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/~purcell/plink/data.shtml#ped for more information.
The PED file is a white-space (space or tab) delimited file: the first six columns are mandatory:
The IDs are alphanumeric: the combination of family and individual ID should uniquely identify a person. If an individual's sex is unknown, then any character other than 1 or 2 can be used in the fifth column.
A PED file must have 1 and only 1 phenotype in the sixth column. The phenotype can be either a quantitative trait or an "affected status" column: GATK will automatically detect which type (i.e. based on whether a value other than 0, 1, 2 or the missing genotype code is observed).
Affected status should be coded as follows:
If any value outside of -9,0,1,2 is detected, then the samples are assumed to have phenotype values, interpreted as string phenotype values.
Note that genotypes (column 7 onwards) cannot be specified to the GATK.
You can add a comment to a PED or MAP file by starting the line with a # character. The rest of that line will be ignored, so make sure none of the IDs start with this character.
Each -ped argument can be tagged with NO_FAMILY_ID, NO_PARENTS, NO_SEX, NO_PHENOTYPE to tell the GATK PED parser that the corresponding fields are missing from the ped file.
Here are two individuals (one row = one person):
This document describes the purpose and general principles of the Genotype Refinement workflow. For the mathematical details of the methods involved, please see the Genotype Refinement math documentation. For step-by-step instructions on how to apply this workflow to your data, please see the Genotype Refinement tutorial.
The core GATK Best Practices workflow has historically focused on variant discovery --that is, the existence of genomic variants in one or more samples in a cohorts-- and consistently delivers high quality results when applied appropriately. However, we know that the quality of the individual genotype calls coming out of the variant callers can vary widely based on the quality of the BAM data for each sample. The goal of the Genotype Refinement workflow is to use additional data to improve the accuracy of genotype calls and to filter genotype calls that are not reliable enough for downstream analysis. In this sense it serves as an optional extension of the variant calling workflow, intended for researchers whose work requires high-quality identification of individual genotypes.
A few commonly asked questions are:
While every study can benefit from increased data accuracy, this workflow is especially useful for analyses that are concerned with how many copies of each variant an individual has (e.g. in the case of loss of function) or with the transmission (or de novo origin) of a variant in a family.
If a "gold standard" dataset for SNPs is available, that can be used as a very powerful set of priors on the genotype likelihoods in your data. For analyses involving families, a pedigree file describing the relatedness of the trios in your study will provide another source of supplemental information. If neither of these applies to your data, the samples in the dataset itself can provide some degree of genotype refinement (see section 5 below for details).
After running the Genotype Refinement workflow, several new annotations will be added to the INFO and FORMAT fields of your variants (see below), GQ fields will be updated, and genotype calls may be modified. However, the Phred-scaled genotype likelihoods (PLs) which indicate the original genotype call (the genotype candidate with PL=0) will remain untouched. Any analysis that made use of the PLs will produce the same results as before.
Begin with recalibrated variants from VQSR at the end of the best practices pipeline. The filters applied by VQSR will be carried through the Genotype Refinement workflow.
Using the Phred-scaled genotype likelihoods (PLs) for each sample, prior probabilities for a sample taking on a HomRef, Het, or HomVar genotype are applied to derive the posterior probabilities of the sample taking on each of those genotypes. A sample's PLs were calculated by HaplotypeCaller using only the reads for that sample. By introducing additional data like the allele counts from the 1000 Genomes project and the PLs for other individuals in the sample's pedigree trio, those estimates of genotype likelihood can be improved based on what is known about the variation of other individuals.
SNP calls from the 1000 Genomes project capture the vast majority of variation across most human populations and can provide very strong priors in many cases. At sites where most of the 1000 Genomes samples are homozygous variant with respect to the reference genome, the probability of a sample being analyzed of also being homozygous variant is very high.
For a sample for which both parent genotypes are available, the child's genotype can be supported or invalidated by the parents' genotypes based on Mendel's laws of allele transmission. Even the confidence of the parents' genotypes can be recalibrated, such as in cases where the genotypes output by HaplotypeCaller are apparent Mendelian violations.
After the posterior probabilities are calculated for each sample at each variant site, genotypes with GQ < 20 based on the posteriors are filtered out. GQ20 is widely accepted as a good threshold for genotype accuracy, indicating that there is a 99% chance that the genotype in question is correct. Tagging those low quality genotypes indicates to researchers that these genotypes may not be suitable for downstream analysis. However, as with the VQSR, a filter tag is applied, but the data is not removed from the VCF.
Using the posterior genotype probabilities, possible de novo mutations are tagged. Low confidence de novos have child GQ >= 10 and AC < 4 or AF < 0.1%, whichever is more stringent for the number of samples in the dataset. High confidence de novo sites have all trio sample GQs >= 20 with the same AC/AF criterion.
Especially in the case of de novo mutation detection, analysis can benefit from the functional annotation of variants to restrict variants to exons and surrounding regulatory regions. The GATK currently does not feature integration with any functional annotation tool, but SnpEff and Oncotator are useful utilities that can work with the GATK's VCF output.
The Genotype Refinement Pipeline adds several new info- and format-level annotations to each variant. GQ fields will be updated, and genotypes calculated to be highly likely to be incorrect will be changed. The Phred-scaled genotype likelihoods (PLs) carry through the pipeline without being changed. In this way, PLs can be used to derive the original genotypes in cases where sample genotypes were changed.
New INFO field annotation PG is a vector of the Phred-scaled prior probabilities of a sample at that site being HomRef, Het, and HomVar. These priors are based on the input samples themselves along with data from the supporting samples if the variant in question overlaps another in the supporting dataset.
New FORMAT field annotation PP is the Phred-scaled posterior probability of the sample taking on each genotype for the given variant context alleles. The PPs represent a better calibrated estimate of genotype probabilities than the PLs are recommended for use in further analyses instead of the PLs.
Current FORMAT field annotation GQ is updated based on the PPs. The calculation is the same as for GQ based on PLs.
New FORMAT field annotation JL is the Phred-scaled joint likelihood of the posterior genotypes for the trio being incorrect. This calculation is based on the PLs produced by HaplotypeCaller (before application of priors), but the genotypes used come from the posteriors. The goal of this annotation is to be used in combination with JP to evaluate the improvement in the overall confidence in the trio's genotypes after applying CalculateGenotypePosteriors. The calculation of the joint likelihood is given as:
$$ -10\log ( 1-GL_{mother}[\text{Posterior mother GT}] GL{father}[\text{Posterior father GT}] * GL{child}[\text{Posterior child GT}] ) $$
where the GLs are the genotype likelihoods in [0, 1] probability space.
New FORMAT field annotation JP is the Phred-scaled posterior probability of the output posterior genotypes for the three samples being incorrect. The calculation of the joint posterior is given as:
$$ -10\log (1-GP_{mother}[\text{Posterior mother GT}] GP{father}[\text{Posterior father GT}] * GP{child}[\text{Posterior child GT}] )$$
where the GPs are the genotype posteriors in [0, 1] probability space.
New FORMAT field filter lowGQ indicates samples with posterior GQ less than 20. Filtered samples tagged with lowGQ are not recommended for use in downstream analyses.
New INFO field annotation for sites at which at least one family has a possible de novo mutation. Following the annotation tag is a list of the children with de novo mutations. High and low confidence are output separately.
1 1226231 rs13306638 G A 167563.16 PASS AC=2;AF=0.333;AN=6;… GT:AD:DP:GQ:PL 0/0:11,0:11:0:0,0,249 0/0:10,0:10:24:0,24,360 1/1:0,18:18:60:889,60,0
1 1226231 rs13306638 G A 167563.16 PASS AC=3;AF=0.500;AN=6;…PG=0,8,22;… GT:AD:DP:GQ:JL:JP:PL:PP 0/1:11,0:11:49:2:24:0,0,249:49,0,287 0/0:10,0:10:32:2:24:0,24,360:0,32,439 1/1:0,18:18:43:2:24:889,60,0:867,43,0
The original call for the child (first sample) was HomRef with GQ0. However, given that, with high confidence, one parent is HomRef and one is HomVar, we expect the child to be heterozygous at this site. After family priors are applied, the child's genotype is corrected and its GQ is increased from 0 to 49. Based on the allele frequency from 1000 Genomes for this site, the somewhat weaker population priors favor a HomRef call (PG=0,8,22). The combined effect of family and population priors still favors a Het call for the child.
The joint likelihood for this trio at this site is two, indicating that the genotype for one of the samples may have been changed. Specifically a low JL indicates that posterior genotype for at least one of the samples was not the most likely as predicted by the PLs. The joint posterior value for the trio is 24, which indicates that the GQ values based on the posteriors for all of the samples are at least 24. (See above for a more complete description of JL and JP.)
The Genotype Refinement Pipeline uses Bayes's Rule to combine independent data with the genotype likelihoods derived from HaplotypeCaller, producing more accurate and confident genotype posterior probabilities. Different sites will have different combinations of priors applied based on the overlap of each site with external, supporting SNP calls and on the availability of genotype calls for the samples in each trio.
If the input VCF contains at least 10 samples, then population priors will be calculated based on the discovered allele count for every called variant.
Priors derived from supporting SNP calls can only be applied at sites where the supporting calls overlap with called variants in the input VCF. The values of these priors vary based on the called reference and alternate allele counts in the supporting VCF. Higher allele counts (for ref or alt) yield stronger priors.
The strongest family priors occur at sites where the called trio genotype configuration is a Mendelian violation. In such a case, each Mendelian violation configuration is penalized by a de novo mutation probability (currently 10-6). Confidence also propagates through a trio. For example, two GQ60 HomRef parents can substantially boost a low GQ HomRef child and a GQ60 HomRef child and parent can improve the GQ of the second parent. Application of family priors requires the child to be called at the site in question. If one parent has a no-call genotype, priors can still be applied, but the potential for confidence improvement is not as great as in the 3-sample case.
Right now family priors can only be applied to biallelic variants and population priors can only be applied to SNPs. Family priors only work for trios.
There are two types of GATK tools that are able to use pedigree (family structure) information:
PhaseByTransmission and CalculateGenotypePosterior will not run without a properly formatted pedigree file. These tools are part of the Genotype Refinement workflow, which is documented here.
The two variant callers (HaplotypeCaller and the deprecated UnifiedGenotyper) as well as VariantAnnotator and GenotypeGVCFs are all able to use pedigree information if you request an annotation that involves population structure (e.g. Inbreeding Coefficient). To be clear though, the pedigree information is not used during the variant calling process; it is only used during the annotation step at the end.
If you already have VCF files that were called without pedigree information, and you want to add pedigree-related annotations (e.g to use Variant Quality Score Recalibration (VQSR) with the InbreedingCoefficient as a feature annotation), don't panic. Just run the latest version of the VariantAnnotator to re-annotate your variants, requesting any missing annotations, and make sure you pass your PED file to the VariantAnnotator as well. If you forget to provide the pedigree file, the tool will run successfully but pedigree-related annotations may not be generated (this behavior is different in some older versions).
The PED files used as input for these tools are based on PLINK pedigree files. The general description can be found here.
For these tools, the PED files must contain only the first 6 columns from the PLINK format PED file, and no alleles, like a FAM file in PLINK.
I've been exploring de novo mutation identification in the context of a pedigree of trios. I've run the UnfiedGenotyper (UG) given all the bam files for ~25 sets of trios and it appears to identify a set of de novo mutations. When I run the HaplotypeCaller (HC) pipeline, first generating gVCF files for each individual, and then using the merged gVCF files along with the pedigree for genotype refinement and de novo mutation calling, it also finds a number of de novo mutations annotated as hi-confidence de novo mutations. When I compare the UG de novo mutations to the high confidence HC list, there's very little overlap. Many of the UG hi-confidence de novo variants are called by HC, but listed as low-confidence de novo variants, and from looking at a few examples, it would appear that the HC calls have assigned lower genotype confidence levels for the parental (non-mutated, reference) genotypes. Could it be that because the gVCF files aren't storing position-specific information for the reference (non-mutated) positions in the genome, the pedigree-type de novo mutation calling is not as accurate as it could be? Should I be generating gVCFs that include position-specific information?
Many thanks for any insights. If it would help, I could post some examples.
I am using PhaseByTransmission to phase variants called from a trio (mother, father and son) contained in a VCF file. It's my first time using this tool. Do I need to follow any convention when naming my samples? Do the sample names in the VCF file need to match the Family ID, the individual ID, or a combination of the two in the PED file? Do they need to be in the same order?
Dear GATK,
I am trying to run PhaseByTransmission on a parent/child pair on a multiple vcf.gz (with
--pedigreeValidationType SILENT) but, although not getting any errors, the output is quite strange and indicates that the pedigree has not been taken into account properly. Does anyone know how to pass a parent/child pair to this tool?
Here is some info on my data:
$ cat tmp_1.ped
Fam1 P20__ 0 0 2 0 Fam1 P10__ 0 P20__ 1 0
$ grep CHROM $vcf
INFO 10:42:44,130 ProgressMeter - Location | sites | elapsed | sites | completed | runtime | runtime INFO 10:42:45,414 PhaseByTransmission - Number of complete trio-genotypes: 0 INFO 10:42:45,415 PhaseByTransmission - Number of trio-genotypes containing no call(s): 0 INFO 10:42:45,415 PhaseByTransmission - Number of trio-genotypes phased: 0 INFO 10:42:45,415 PhaseByTransmission - Number of resulting Het/Het/Het trios: 0 INFO 10:42:45,415 PhaseByTransmission - Number of remaining single mendelian violations in trios: 0 INFO 10:42:45,416 PhaseByTransmission - Number of remaining double mendelian violations in trios: 0 INFO 10:42:45,416 PhaseByTransmission - Number of complete pair-genotypes: 0 INFO 10:42:45,416 PhaseByTransmission - Number of pair-genotypes containing no call(s): 0 INFO 10:42:45,416 PhaseByTransmission - Number of pair-genotypes phased: 0 INFO 10:42:45,417 PhaseByTransmission - Number of resulting Het/Het pairs: 0 INFO 10:42:45,417 PhaseByTransmission - Number of remaining mendelian violations in pairs: 0 INFO 10:42:45,417 PhaseByTransmission - Number of genotypes updated: 0 INFO 10:42:45,446 ProgressMeter - done 0.0 1.0 s 15.2 d 100.0% 1.0 s 0.0 s INFO 10:42:45,446 ProgressMeter - Total runtime 1.32 secs, 0.02 min, 0.00 hours
Hi all, I am trying to run PhaseByTransmission in a trio using the merged vcf file with father, mother and child. The vcf only contains PASS variants and no triallelic/multiallelic variants. I am also providing the ped file and it looks like that one is correct. However, during the run I encounter this error and really cannot figure out why is that? Is this because of being an indel variant? I have other indels in the file prior to this one though...
ERROR MESSAGE: Error parsing line: 1 181752783 rs798209 TG TTG 151.00 PASS 1KG_AF=.;AC1=1;AC=3;AF1=0.5;AN=6;CQ=intron_variant;DP4=102,16,89,13;DP=384;ENST=ENST00000357570;ESP_AF=.;FQ=127;GN=CACNA1E;HWE=1.000000;ICF=-1.00000;INDEL;MAF=.;MQ=48;PV4=1,1,0.11,0.14;SF=0,1,2;TYPE=ins;Cohort_AF=. GT:GQ:DP:SP:PL 0/1:99:82:0:178,0,162 0/1:99:65:3:195,0,133 0/1:99:73:3:.,.,158,
Any idea? Thanks a lot!
Are there any GATK tools that can be used to check that samples in a pedigree are not mislabelled by looking for Mendelian inconsistencies in the exome sequencing data?
Hi all, Just to give some context: I have filtered my trio data with some scripting to only heterozygous (hets) variants that may constitute compound hets (i.e., if phase could be accurately inferred). This is essentially phasing the child data by transmission - for all the het variants seen in the child I looked at the father and mother vcfs and filtered relevant sites as follows:
My question is: can I use this filtered child vcf as my input for ReadBackedPhasing? For each of my genes that feature in the child vcf after the above filtering, I want to determine whether the variants seen within the gene are in the same haplotype or not. I am just not sure if I can do the phasing at this stage - is this alright? If I had to do the phasing early on with the raw vcf, I am not sure how would I maintain the correct phasing information when applying this filtering downstream to the phased vcf (i.e., as the phasing of a het variant is relevant to the previous PASS-ing het variant in the vcf?).
Help would be appreciated! Thanks a lot, Eva
I am trying to use PED files when I run UnifiedGeotyper, variantannotator and VariantRecalibrator (The Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) v2.3-9-ge5ebf34, Compiled 2013/01/11 22:43:14)
if I don't add the PED file , I have some InbreedingCoeff
annotation=[SnpEff, AlleleBalance, BaseCounts, GCContent, HardyWeinberg, IndelType, AlleleBalanceBySample, MappingQualityZeroBySample]
1 14653 . C T 22.54 LowQual ABHet=0.842;ABHom=0.803;AC=4;AF=0.182;AN=22;BaseCounts=1,1362,0,261;BaseQRankSum=-4.292;DP=1075;Dels=0.00;FS=4.692;GC=58.42;HW=2.5;HaplotypeScore=0.0000;InbreedingCoeff=0.0530;MLEAC=3;MLEAF=0.136;MQ=6.41;MQ0=967;MQRankSum=-2.246;OND=0.164;QD=0.08;ReadPosRankSum=-0.008;SNPEFF_EFFECT=DOWNSTREAM;SNPEFF_FUNCTIONAL_CLASS=NONE;SNPEFF_GENE_BIOTYPE=processed_transcript;SNPEFF_GENE_NAME=DDX11L1;SNPEFF_IMPACT=MODIFIER;SNPEFF_TRANSCRIPT_ID=ENST00000456328;set=FilteredInAll GT:AB:AD:DP:GQ:MQ0:PL
but when I add the PED file, I have nothing
annotation=[AlleleBalance, BaseCounts, GCContent, HardyWeinberg, IndelType, AlleleBalanceBySample, MappingQualityZeroBySample, InbreedingCoeff] pedigree=[/scratch/cbrc/data/release_2012_Nov/BostonHF/PED/BostonHF.ped] pedigreeString=[] pedigreeValidationType=SILENT
1 14653 . C T 10.43 LowQual ABHom=0.792;AC=2;AF=0.091;AN=22;BaseCounts=1,1362,0,261;BaseQRankSum=-3.828;DP=1075;Dels=0.00;FS=2.373;GC=58.42;HW=10.2;HaplotypeScore=0.0000;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.045;MQ=6.20;MQ0=976;MQRankSum=-2.768;OND=0.190;QD=0.10;
and my PED file seems is bad format because I have this message
INFO 17:02:17,687 PedReader - Reading PED file /scratch/cbrc/data/release_2012_Nov/BostonHF/PED/BostonHF.ped with missing fields: []
INFO 17:02:17,687 PedReader - Reading PED file /scratch/cbrc/data/release_2012_Nov/BostonHF/PED/BostonHF.ped with missing fields: []
INFO 17:02:17,687 PedReader - Reading PED file /scratch/cbrc/data/release_2012_Nov/BostonHF/PED/BostonHF.ped with missing fields: []
INFO 17:02:17,687 PedReader - Reading PED file /scratch/cbrc/data/release_2012_Nov/BostonHF/PED/BostonHF.ped with missing fields: []
INFO 17:02:17,770 PedReader - Phenotype is other? false
INFO 17:02:17,770 PedReader - Phenotype is other? false
INFO 17:02:17,770 PedReader - Phenotype is other? false
INFO 17:02:17,775 PedReader - Phenotype is other? false
But I have 6 columns and the name and tabulation between each column
Z M88BBTPL 0 0 other -9
for the phenotype :
-9 missing 1 unaffected 2 affected
Consequently, I cannot run " VariantRecalibrator with -an InbreedingCoeff". Could you help me ?
Hi to all
I have just started using GATK and I have few question about some tools and about the general workflow.
I have 3 exome-seq data from a trio and I have to detect rare or private variants that segregate with the disease.
From the 3 aligned bam file I procedeed with the GATK pipeline (ADDgroupInfo, MarkDup, Realign, BQSR, Unified Genotyper and variant filtration) and I generated 3 VCF file.
As now I have to use the PhaseByTrasmission tool, should I merge the 3 VCF file?
Or it was better to merge the BAM file after adding the group info and proceed with the other analysis?
And should I create my .ped file,(I visited http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/~purcell/plink/data.shtml#ped, but I couln't understand how ped file is generated) based on the read group that I have assigned?
while using the walker PhaseByTransmission I always get this error:
##### ERROR A USER ERROR has occurred (version 2.1-12-ga99c19d):
##### ERROR The invalid arguments or inputs must be corrected before the GATK can proceed
##### ERROR Please do not post this error to the GATK forum
##### ERROR See the documentation (rerun with -h) for this tool to view allowable command-line arguments.
##### ERROR Visit our website and forum for extensive documentation and answers to
##### ERROR commonly asked questions http://www.broadinstitute.org/gatk
##### ERROR MESSAGE: File associated with name java.io.FileReader@5cf7c5b5 is malformed: Bad PED line 1: wrong number of fields
my conmmand is :
java -jar GenomeAnalysisTK-2.1-12-ga99c19d/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T PhaseByTransmission -R GRCh37.fasta -V trios_457.chr22.vcf -ped trios_457.chr22.ped -pedValidationType SILENT -o o1.vcf
and my ped file is like this:
fam1 s_4 0 0 1 1 C C C C G G
fam1 s_5 0 0 2 2 T T T T G G
fam1 s_7 s_4 s_5 2 2 C T C T G G
I do counted my vcf ped and map files and the result is:
-bash-4.1$ head -1 trios_457.chr22.ped |wc -w
1892 #( 6 columns for info + 943*2 columns for alleles )
-bash-4.1$ wc -l trios_457.chr22.map
-bash-4.1$ grep -v "#" trios_457.chr22.vcf | wc -l
My question is what's wrong with my my PED line?
Before there is webpage for how to convert plink ped format to vcf format. But it seems that this link disappeared.
Thank you very much in advance.
Is it possible to use PhaseByTransmission with families that are larger than a single trio? I have a family with four siblings. If I include all of the siblings in the PED I get:
PhaseByTransmission - Caution: Family BMD has 6 members; At the moment Phase By Transmission only supports trios and parent/child pairs. Family skipped.
ERROR MESSAGE: Bad input: No PED file passed or no trios found in PED file. Aborted.
And if I just include the one key trio with the proband, I get the following:
ERROR MESSAGE: Sample BMD006_R found in data sources but not in pedigree files with STRICT pedigree validation
There does not seem to be an accessible argument for relaxing the pedigree validation. Is there a way to use PhaseByTransmission with my larger family?


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Savour fresh, in-season raspberries with five tempting raspberry desserts.
Iced sugar cookies make a cheerful birthday message when placed on top of iced cupcakes. You'll need less than half of the cookie dough to make enough toppers - use the leftover dough to make tasty loot bag treats.
See the recipe
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During the height of summer, grilled peaches make an ideal treat. To ensure your fruit holds its shape on the grill, choose peaches that are ripe but firm. Prepare your raspberry sauce in advance: When dessert time rolls around, just grill your fruit and scoop your ice cream.
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Key things you need to know aboutDr. Giacona:
Dr. Giacona's Experience
Research training, expertise and qualifications
Dr. Giacona's Specialties
- Family Medicine
More About Dr. Giacona's Background
Patient Satisfaction
Patients' feedback on their experience with Dr. Giacona
Be the first to evaluate Dr. Giacona by taking our Patient Satisfaction Survey.
Your feedback will help other patients make informed decisions, and let the doctor know how she's doing.
8 Facts About Patient Satisfaction Surveys
Patient satisfaction surveys provide a standardized way of reporting about healthcare experiences. But there can be more than meets the eye when reviewing scores. Here's what you should know
Appointments & Offices
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Accepting new patients?
- Yes
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- 2802 Garth Rd Ste 211
- Baytown, TX 77521
- (281) 428-0916
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Summer is just around the corner, and with that the holidays, where our behaviour becomes more socially networked and driven. In essence there is more time to do social things and more downtime means more time spent on social networks and platforms. David Allardice, Marketing Director at evly.com shares his views on what he thinks [...] Related posts:
Want To Reach The Mass Market ? Focus Your Digital Spend On Feature Phones
Tech-savvy Cape Town Tourism To Court More Mobile & Social Media Travellers
How Do We Go From e-Business To Social And Mobile Commerce?[view whole blog post ]
|Mozambique Ruling Party Faces Tough Contest
Renamo supporters: Ruling Frelimo faces a stern challenge at Wednesday's polls from...
|Surge in Central African Republic Violence
African Union troops in Bangui (file photo): The UN has expressed alarm...
|Nigeria, Cameroon, Ghana Get Crucial Wins
Asamoah Gyan of Ghana (file photo): The Super Eagles have boosted their...


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Rider: Marti Vari | Location: Indonesia | Photographer Stef Fournet The latest print edition (Oct08) of The Kiteboarder Magazine is now available at your local shop/school or by subscription. LAUNCH: Save the World with your kite! 411/SMACK: Get the latest ...Read More »
New Flysurfer Psycho 4
Impression 2008 Flysurfer Innovation Days from Flysurfer Kiteboarding on Vimeo.Read More »
KiteSites.com: Squamish
Gorge Wakestyle Action
Florida Kiteboarder Speaks Out on GMA After Fay Lofting
Click here for interview with Kevin Kearny, the Florida kiteboarder who made international news when he got lofted riding Hurricane Fay in pre-frontal conditions….Read More »
Billabong to Acquire Dakine
GOLD COAST, 22 August 2008: Billabong International Limited today announced it has entered into an agreement to acquire the business of DaKine Hawaii, Inc., a leader in the premium accessories category within the surf, skate, snow and windsurf markets. DaKine ...Read More »
From Kiteforum.com: Best Kiteboarding just released the 09 Nemesis HP featuring Twister Tech. To check out the new kite, head to bestkiteboarding.com or kiteforum.comRead More »
Kiteboarding featured on CNN Money Videos
Interesting inteview with Best Kiteboarding's CEO Ian Huschle re: demographics and growth of kiteboarding. Click here for full video!Read More »
Beat Airline Bag Charges: NEWind Split/Wake Travel Board Review
ASNews.net This Week: Naish 2009 Board Line with "G-Dog"
Greg Circa mid 80's THE KITEBOARDER MAGAZINE/ASNEWS.NET PODCAST #125 Greg "G-dog" Drexler started kiteboarding in 'the early days.' He was one of those riders who was constantly tweaking and customizing his gear to keep up with the growth of the ...Read More »
Kitesurfing in Wales
A Weekend in Wales from kevob on Vimeo.Read More »
2008 Best Odyssey Tahiti Video: Wave Action
Great peak at what conditions are like in Tahiti with some of the best pro kitesurfers in the world. Get a taste of what traveling onboard the Best Odyssey is like. Film by John Bilderback. http://www.offshoreodysseys.com and click on icon ...Read More »
The Kiteboarder Aug08 Issue Now Online – Rated #1
See why ikiteboarding.com rated The Kiteboarder's online version of our print magazine #1! Click here to see all online kiteboarding magazines, the review and why The Kiteboarder came out on top…. Download the August issue at at www.thekiteboarder.com. Be sure ...Read More »
Naish 09 Torch Video
Wave Riding Tips with Ben Wilson
From kiteforum.com: What sort of board should I get? Definitely get a surf board, there are 2 main options here – epoxy (pop out) and polyester ( regular surfboard construction). Both have their benefits the epoxy is generally tougher and ...Read More »


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Halfway Between Heaven And Earth
- Artists Dosem, Karim Shaker
- Release Date 2012-01-30
- Labels Electronic Elements (Armada)
- Catalog ELEL119
- Description Karim Shaker shifts gears to destination high time, taking us on a deep, proggy ride with his 'Halfway Between Heaven And Earth' E.P.. Blending the spicy flavours of tech-house with the shady side of endlessly deep progressive, is what's been keeping Spanish producer and DJ Karim Shaker busy these days. The clubbing society embraced his solo-sounds, with 'Ambassador' and 'A Leap Of Faith' running their course to the hottest clubs and underground hotspots. His new one, 'Halfway Between Heaven And


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Library hosts tax workshopNovember 14,2013Library hosting
a tax workshop
Business owners can get a head start on the tax season with a free workshop on self-audits from 7 to 8:45 p.m. Tuesday at the Rutland Free Library.
The state Department of Taxes is hosting a program called Know What You Owe, which urges businesses to conduct a self-audit for the Vermont use tax and pay the amount due.
Examiners from the department will answer questions and meet with participants after the workshop.
For business owners who conduct a self-audit and find they owe taxes, all penalties will be abated and the interest will be reduced by 50 percent.
To be eligible, a business must not have been previously contacted by the state for an audit or have any outstanding tax, interest or penalties.
The Rutland Free Library is located at 10 Court St.
For more information, visit www.state.vt.us/tax/selfaudit.shtml.MORE IN This Just InBENNINGTON For the first time, all the choral students of the Southwest Vermont Supervisory... Full StoryKILLINGTON A Rutland woman was injured Sunday after she crashed her car while trying to avoid... Full StoryPOULTNEY Six times a member from the American Legion Auxiliary laid a wreath. Full Story
- Most Popular
- Most Emailed


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ACE ExpressSM Umbrella Online Platform
ACE ExpressSM Umbrella provides umbrella insurance through a proprietary web-based platform designed for use by appointed brokers to reserve, quote, bind and issue business, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for over 400 classes of business. In addition, the ACE ExpressSM Umbrella online tool is well suited for the development of homogeneous books of business and unique broker specialties. Ask your regional ACE Excess Casualty underwriter about adding your specialty to the suite of industries already available.
- Multiple quote options with incremental limits and commission
- Admitted coverage (all states except Alaska, Louisiana and Vermont), even if one or more underlying policies are non-admitted
- For submissions requiring underwriter review, dedicated experienced referral underwriters with authority to quote an additional 500 classes of business
- Rapid referral response ( 24 hours voice/email response, 48 hours for referrals, 15 days for endorsement processing)
- Agency Bill or Direct Bill options available at binding
- Flexibility in scheduling different types of underlying policies (Ex. Liquor Legal Liability, Garage Keepers, Personal Umbrella, etc.)
- Streamlined loss information requirements (only large losses and significant aggregate years)
- Ability to accept or reject Terrorism – TRIA (TRIPRA) coverage upon binding
- ACE Catastrophe Management insurance with annual limits up to $250,000 on all policies


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- Home
- About us
- About learning disability
- Our services
- News
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- Ongoing campaigns
- What we campaign about
- Children and young people
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Bullying Intervention Group (BiG) scheme has set up a national anti-bullying award scheme that helps schools achieve award status.
The scheme is being supported by Mencap and four other charities:
- ChildLine
- The Diana Award
- Show Racism the Red Card
- Educational Action Challenging Homophobia (EACH)
What does the scheme offer
The BiG scheme offers training and resources to schools and services, and the award is a consistent way of judging how well schools are performing against bullying. This is particularly vital when new types of schools are being introduced, and local council services for children are being cut back.
- See the media release from BiG for more information
What you can do
Schools are being encouraged to join the new BIG Award scheme that rewards high standards of anti-bullying practice.
The coalition wants you to help to spread the word. If you're worried about bullying in schools, and want to make sure that it stays at the top of the agenda, do tell your child's school about BIG Award, and urge them to sign up.


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Alameda Flea Marke
New Sunday Flea Market @ Candlestick from the Folks at Alameda Flea
By Laura Mason on July 19, 2010 11:11 AM
All you treasure hunters will be happy to know that there's a new flea market on the block. And you don't have to cross any bridge for it. The maiden voyage of the Candlestick Park Antiques & Collectibles Faire embarked yesterday on what we hope to be a long-lived Sunday happening. There are over 500 booths selling antiques and collectibles twenty years or older.


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This question already has an answer here:
- Setting page numbering on Word 1 answer
I have a word document and want to start numbering of it beginning at page 7. i.e. i want page 7 to show 1, page 8 to show 2,etc. and page 1-page 6 must not be associated with any numbering. How can I do that?


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In a recent $3 million Defense Department contract, CACI International and California-based technology firm AOptix will develop a biometric identification system for mobile devices. Accordin... Read more
Video transmission data from US drones is easy to intercept because it lacks encryption, Wired reports. A source told Noah Shachtman and David Axe that only 30 to 50% of Predators and Reape... Read more
Potential security flaws of Apple's iCloud service were recently exposed following the hacking of a Wired technology journalist's account. Mat Hanon recounted details of the hacking th... Read more
Gartner recently released a new technology report titled, "Gartner Raises IT Spending Growth Projection on Cloud Services" Wired.com's Cloudline reports. The technology research compan... Read more
A water pump at a Springfield, Ill. utility failed Nov. 8. Usually this would be considered a technical difficulty, but this failure has raised eyebrows of the federal government. Joe Weiss,... Read more
Researchers are now warning that vulnerabilities in the electronic infrastructures of prisons could allow hackers to release prisoners from their jail cells. According to Wired, security con... Read more


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Reapers: Keepers of the Balance (M) [Most Original 1Q '13]
View Single Post
May 11th, 2013 (11:42 AM).
Join Date: Aug 2011
Age: 20
Gender: Female
Nature: Modest
Posts: 1,940
Camillia Abbott -chapter 2- Poison
The Harbinger laughed as he blocked her attack sneering right back at her. "Another fool dares to combat me? Maybe I'll have an actual fight this time." he created clones the surrounded her.
"His clones can't be damaged, but they can hurt you. Hit the original with a strong attack and the clones will disappear." Masato called out to her and Camillia nodded in reply.
at least I have my eye on the original.
she smirked a tight grip on the handle of her sword.
a scratch will do, I'll let Masato finish him if I can just paralyze him
with that thought in mind Camillia waited, her move had to be done at the right moment. Though it wasn't as easy as she thought. One of the clones swung his claws at her and she jumped to the side only to be struck in the back by another one of them. The pain ripped through her and a choked sound made it's way out of her throat. If she still had her tongue she probably would have screamed.
Frowning Camillia tried to dodge another attack her eyes still on the real Harbinger only to be struck in the back of the leg making her go down to one knee. Wincing she glared at the Harbinger
I'm done playing nice
lunging forward she stabbed her sword forward just as she was struck again in the back, but she was lucky. The blade barely scratched the real Harbinger's arm and the clones disappeared. Looking up ignoring her pain Camillia smirked because she was the only one in the room who knew what the scratch would do.
Begin Again
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About Me
Hi. I am a mother of two boys, and grew up with two sisters. I was an elementary school teacher, and am married to an ELCA Lutheran pastor. My passion has always been children, and how to make their lives as filled with love as I can. Teaching Two disabled children Degree in elementary education
My Vision for the Future
Helping maternal health care improve, and educating more girls around the globe


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Reaction to Obama's State of the Union address
Reaction to President Barack Obama's State of the Union address:
"We hope the president will join us in a year of real action - by empowering people, not making their lives harder with unprecedented spending, higher taxes and fewer jobs. As Republicans, we advance these plans every day because we believe in a government that trusts people and doesn't limit where you finish because of where you started. That is what we stand for - for an America that is every bit as compassionate as it is exceptional." — Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Wash., in the official GOP response.
"The president's willingness to take bold executive action on immigration reform is an important step, but Congress must act to take the broader, permanent action that is needed. Beyond the important result of keeping families together, immigration reform will strengthen our economy and allow law enforcement officials to focus on catching real criminals." — Rep. Jared Polis, D-Colo.
"He was talking about me but he has no ability to help me. ... When we look back 40 years from now and say, 'that Obama initiative in 2014 led to some change,' well, I'm sure that will happen. But I need a job now." — Scott Valenti, 41, an unaffiliated voter from Woodland Park, Colo.
"After five years, President Obama is clearly out of ideas. With few bipartisan proposals, Americans heard a president more interested in advancing ideology than in solving the problems regular folks are talking about." — House Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio.
"Americans know in their hearts that something is wrong. Much of what is wrong relates to the sense that the 'American Dream' is falling out of reach for far too many of us. ... We are facing an inequality crisis — one to which the president has paid lip-service, but seems uninterested in truly confronting or correcting." — Sen. Mike Lee, R-Utah, speaking on behalf of the Tea Party Express.
"Today, the American people saw two very different visions for America. President Obama laid out a bold, proactive plan to improve the lives of millions, while the Republican Party in the House of Representatives spent the day rolling back basic freedoms for women across this country." — Ilyse Hogue, president of NARAL Pro-Choice America.
"On floor of house waitin on 'Kommandant-In-Chef' ... the Socialistic dictator who's been feeding US a line or is it 'A-Lying?'" — tweet from Rep. Randy Weber, R-Texas.
"The way he used regular people to make his points was incredible and effective." — tweet from Richard L. Trumka, AFL-CIO president.
"While the president's policies are proving to be some of the most blunder-prone in history, the 59 state legislative chambers led by Republicans are implementing major reforms that are having a positive impact and statewide Republican officials across the nation are leading with decisive action. No matter how hard President Obama tries to claim that 2014 will be a 'year of action' his track record of lies to sell Obamacare and his botched leadership of a dysfunctional Washington make us hope his actions will be limited at best." — Rep. Bill McCollum, R-Fla.
"Tonight, President Obama laid out a bold, optimistic agenda that challenged us to reward hard work, renew economic security for middle-class families and keep faith with our senior citizens. ... I am hopeful that Congress can build on recent bipartisan agreements to move this progressive agenda forward to benefit all Americans." — Rep. Wm. Lacy Clay, D-Mo.
"We were hopeful that President Obama would outline an ambitious new plan or offer more forms of executive relief to stop deportations. The president did not even mention a word on deportations. Although Obama had sympathetic rhetoric, we have seen this fall through before when he was not able to reform immigration in his first year as promised." — Cesar Vargas, co-director of the Dream Action Coalition.


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Bottom line , don't stop to argue/ continue an argument . While everyone has the right to defend themselves, the situation apparently elevated because cooler heads did not prevail.
This is a discussion on Undercover LEO vs. Permit Holder Shooting within the Concealed Carry Issues & Discussions forums, part of the Defensive Carry Discussions category; I'm for the guy without the badge. There are a lot of good cops, but the bad ones are out there. (NOT a bash) This ...
I'm for the guy without the badge. There are a lot of good cops, but the bad ones are out there. (NOT a bash) This could be a case of a cop pulling a power trip on the wrong guy. Honestly, no matter what happend in the "honking/road-rage" incident, it would not justify a firearm presented by the officer. And really, do we believ this guy is going to shoot ACROSS his wife for no good reason? He's probably still hearing it about the ringing in her ears and the burns from the brass!!!!!!!
They who give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety. Benjamin Franklin
Previously known as "cjm5874"
Bottom line , don't stop to argue/ continue an argument . While everyone has the right to defend themselves, the situation apparently elevated because cooler heads did not prevail.
"In matters of style, swim with the current; in matters of principle, stand like a rock." Thomas Jefferson
Nemo Me Impune Lacesset
This is a very strange story. I cannot imagine Treptow would draw and fire his weapon unless he was in fear that his family was threatened. It seems extraordinarily dangerous to fire into the door of a car.
And even if the officer did identify himself, there is absolutely no justification for the LE to have drawn his weapon first.
Why didn't Treptow just drive away? The article says they were stopped in traffic but then the officer's car rolled backwards and hit a business. Not exactly bumper to bumper. And how did the officer fall out of his car onto the side of the road? The force of the strikes sent him across the car and the passenger door just happenned to open?
The message is do not let road rage escalate. Nothing good can possibly come of it.
When you carry a gun you need to be *at least* a notch above normal when controlling your emotions. No yelling at other motorists, no giving the finger, no driving aggressively.
But... I agree that there seems to be more to this story than has of yet been shared.
"If you so much as bunny hop I'll cut your heart out!" Billy Bob Thornton in The Last Real Cowboys
"I carry a gun for the same reason that I carry health insurance and a cell phone - be prepared."
Just from the read, the news report, Mr. Treptow being released and the proximaty of the wife and kids it tends to put me in his camp.
"Hell of a thing, killin' a man. Take away all he's got and all he's ever gonna have."
- William Munny (Clint Eastwood in the Unfrogivin)
The graveyards are full of indispensable men. Napoleon Bonaparte
My Idea of a fair fight is beating baby seals with a club
Normally I would come out and defender at least explain the LEO's actions, I cant here. Where did we get the idea that the LEO was working undercover as the title of the thread states? Clearly he was not, as the second article points out. Even if he was, why would he involve himself with a traffic violation?
This is clearly a case of road rage, and it sounds like the shooter is OK.
Also, a little tidbit... the dept. says that he was on duty because if an officer sees a violation and acts on it, he is now "on duty". This covers a lot of the liability that comes up. I'm guessing the LEO saw some sort of violation and was trying to act on it.
"Just blame Sixto"
I reserve the right to make fun, point and laugh etc.
Martin Scott Treptow walked out of the Anoka County Jail on Friday afternoon and promptly declared his innocence.
"It was self-defense," he said moments after being released without charges in the shooting of an undercover police officer the day before.
The original article/news report also stated that he was undercover.
"An armed society is a polite society. Manners are good when one may have to back up his acts with his life."
-- Robert A. Heinlein
I have no idea how this is going to play out. What I can say is that for an undercover officer who definitely KNOWS he has a gun to involve himself in a road rage incident is troubling at best. The story did not report that either party was traveling along shouting obscenities at each other either. It sounds like a minor courtesy infraction ie, cutting someone off or something else minor, got the situation started.
In anycase, a plain clothed officer in an unmarked vehicle, I would think needed to pull out his badge and ID himself before pulling out his gun. (unless the other motorist had his gun pointed first)
Again, I have no idea how this is going to play out or that we have all the facts, but all of us as ccw holders should be very interested in the outcome and what all the facts were.
I hope people close to the sources keep posting updates on this story!
Semper Fi
"The gun is the great equalizer... For it is the gun, that allows the meek to repel the monsters; Whom are bigger, stronger and without conscience, prey on those who without one, would surely perish."
"Just blame Sixto"
I reserve the right to make fun, point and laugh etc.
I was in a situation back when I was in my 20s that we were acting foolish on the higway (go figure) and an off duty cop started after us. We panicked until he pulled up next to us and flashed his badge. Long story short, his actions after we stopped allowed the local police (once they arrived) to release us, but even with his out of control rage at what we had done, his first reaction was to identify himself.
Even though I do not know the whole story, I would have to think that it is ingrained in their subconscious to pull identification as soon as possible, leading me to believe that he might be thinking in his right mind to begin with.
As he is a LEO, I am glad the he survived to tell the story another day, but it sems from the inital look that this is a painful lesson that no matter if you are a LEO or not, controlling your emotions and road rage is always the best case scenario.
Definitely a can of worms here.
It'll be up to the suits (detectives) to sort this out. That's why they make the big bucks.
When youre wounded and left on Afghanistans plains,
And the women come out to cut up what remains,
Just roll to your rifle and blow out your brains,
And go to your God like a soldier.
Rudyard Kipling
I live in the Twin Cities metro area. There's been some discussion of this incident here on our local forum:
"BBC bias hurts on a personal level, doesn't it? It's like having a favorite childhood relative who turns out to be a criminal." -- My brother.
There have been 5 or so different revisions of these articles with 2 different flavors. Minneapolis Star Tribune is an anti-gun rag pile of crap that is extremely biased against the shooter in this incident. The other flavor coming from the St. Paul Pioneer press that has been very objective and obviously trying to stick to the facts without siding one way or the other. I wouldn't trust anything the Minneapolis Star and Tribune prints as fact. They will blatantly lie to give gun owners, especially permit to carry gun owners a black eye. They have a liberal democrat agenda to uphold.
Shellum is the police chief at the Robbinsdale PD (western suburb of Minneapolis). The officer that was shot is from his PD. Shellum is refusing to release the officer's identity claiming that the officer was working "undercover" not plain clothes. There is speculation amongst average Joe Minnesotan's that Shellum isn't being forthright and just covering up for his out of control officer.
Minneapolis Star Tribune keeps riddling their stories with this crap as if it has anything at all to do with the story...Denise Clochie manages the Crystal House gift store near Foley and 99th Avenue, where the shooting occurred.
"I just thought people are crazy. Who carries a gun around and who gets so angry over driving?" she said. "The saddest thing was he had two kids in the car."


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The holidays should be a joyous time between family and friends, but doctors say the day after Christmas is historically one of the most dangerous days of the year. It's called "Christmas coronaries" and they seem to hit people when they least expect it.
From last minute shopping, to wrapping gifts, to dealing with the traffic, Christmas can be a stressful time of the year. Studies show there's a surge of cardiac cases in the days after the Christmas more than any other time of year. Cardiologists say people will ignore, chest pain and shortness of breath, and blame it on their heavy meal or for drinking too much.
Doctors advise you should take precautions to keep you out of the emergency room this Christmas.


text: Parents and students got a sneak-peak at a layout plan of a new Scott High School stadium.The architect introduced a mock-up of the stadium for public feedback at Scott High School Thursday.The Toledo School Board approved the plan to build new stadiums for Scott and Woodward High School. Neither school has a stadium, and had to play their games at other schoolsâ?? fields. The schools received $1.1 million to fund the construction, using funds from a 2004 bond.School officials say the money could allow both stadiums to use artificial turf for their fields. Other surrounding communities can host events in the stadiums.Construction is set to begin immediately, with the design and work being done by Rudolph Libbe.


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Good speakers for an ultrabook
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EN-EL4 genuine or not?
Started Mar 25, 2007 | Discussions thread
Shop cameras & lenses ▾
yph05 • Contributing Member • Posts: 974
EN-EL4 genuine or not?
Do anyone here use those third party non-genuine EN-EL4 batteries? They look quite affordable in price, but I'm afraid of its quality as being compared to the Nikon EN-EL4.
Do those third party batteries have the internal circuit/chip to measure and track number of shots and calibration status?
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Tolerance, Acceptance, Elitism, Leadership, and Muslims
We're in the midst of the greatest example of dislocation and separation between the elite establishment and the people in flyover country this nation has ever seen. Inside their little alternate universe the elite project their assumptions on the rest of us here in the sticks and corn huskers of the Midwest, south, and other regions of the country. In their minds, since it came | Read More »


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The Second Amendment and racism
The Second Amendment continues to provide cover for racism just as its original intent was to protect slavery.
"Free the Wilmington Ten!" forty years later
Forty years. Damn it's been a long time.
Systemic violence and mass shootings
While we mourn the victims of the heinous shootings in Newtown, Conn., it is important to pause for a moment to reflect on what this violence means.
The passing of Russell Means was a loss for the world
Indian rights activist Russell Means passed on after a magnificent life of struggle to better the lives of American Indians.
Working class loses a leader: George Edwards, activist every day
The working class and people lost a great leader, activist, and fighter for justice and equality this past week.
Eric Hobsbawm, great Marxist historian who kept his cool
I was saddened to hear of the death of Eric Hobsbawm, one of the great Marxist historians writing in the English language of my lifetime.
The mailman wonders: Whose history are we taught?
It's funny what you don't learn in school. Funny is the wrong word. Actually it's quite sad.
The truth about teacher tenure
A fight over teacher tenure is now raging because so-called education reformers have set their sights on destroying public education under the guise of saving it.
Charting a new vision on the anniversary of 9/11
It is appropriate on this 11th anniversary to think hard about the need for a new direction in foreign policy.
Paintings by the late Blanche Wille slated for show
The organizers would like to have an exhibition of Blanche Wille's artwork at a major gallery, and a serious catalog.