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The future of space exploration
In the early morning of July 21, space shuttle Atlantis touched down at Kennedy Space Center, capping NASA's 135th and final shuttle mission after 30 years of flight. It also marked the end of an era for the American manned space program.
There are two ways to look at this historic event. Some see the retirement of the shuttle fleet as bad for America because it leaves NASA unable to send American astronauts into orbit, giving up our technical lead in space and bringing an end to the manned space program. Others, including many of us at the San Diego Space Society, believe instead that the end of the shuttle program opens up a new beginning for NASA and human space exploration.
It is true that the end of the shuttle program will require an adjustment to the way NASA carries out its mission, and the way Americans think about the space agency's role in developing space hardware. It's simpler to think of NASA in its Apollo-era role as the sole source of all the rockets, spacecraft, astronauts and mission designs we think of as the "space program," but after 50 years in space, most space activity comes from the private sector. The new direction NASA is taking acknowledges this and will enable the agency to do several important things not done before, each of which would be good for both NASA and the country.
The first is the development of a whole new industry: commercial space operations. At least four companies are developing commercial spacecraft that will be able to ferry astronauts – government and commercial – to and from low-Earth orbit. Two of these companies – SpaceX of Hawthorne, Calif., and Orbital Sciences Corp. of Dulles, Va. – are already years into fulfilling NASA service contracts, the first in a series of public-private ventures to service the International Space Station through 2015 and probably longer now that the station's life has been extended to at least 2020.
This commercial "space race" to develop crew-carrying vehicles will not only provide multiple means for NASA to send astronauts and cargo to orbit; the technology can be used for nongovernmental purposes too, like transporting crew and supplies to the commercial space station that Bigelow Aerospace is building. Multiple destinations mean higher flight rates and that leads to lower cost overall.
One of the most sought-after goals in commercial space operations is being able to significantly reduce the cost per pound to orbit. Current costs are between $10,000 and $15,000 per pound. SpaceX, with its Falcon 9 Heavy rocket, is quoting a price per pound to orbit of $1,000. Higher flight rates and lower costs will save NASA, commercial satellite operators and the military billions of dollars in launch costs. More frequent operations will allow more mass – bigger and more varied projects – to be lifted to orbit for the same cost or less.
With the money saved by using commercial space operators, and free of the need to service the space station with its own launches, NASA would be able to direct its resources toward the agency's real goal: exploring space beyond low-Earth orbit. This starts with building a new spacecraft to take astronauts farther from Earth than anyone has explored, a true deep-space spaceship intended to explore the inner solar system. Capitalizing on the development from the canceled Constellation program, the Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle is intended specifically for such missions, including flights to the moon, Mars, its moons and beyond to the asteroids. This new purpose isn't for NASA alone, either. The same commercial space companies that are working on low-Earth orbit operations want to expand the current public-private partnership to include exploration out into the solar system.


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You'll get the best service ever….or it's FREE
Welcome to the Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa. Our wide variety of services and products provide you with personalized care for your hair, face, and body. We are located at 630 S. Kansas Avenue in Topeka, Kansas, Est. 1988.
We are a contemporary downtown salon that focuses on maintaining and improving the appearance and overall health of our clients. Our welcoming atmosphere invites people to relax and enjoy a day to celebrate. Our mission is to provide an environment where people can feel good about themselves at home and at Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa.
Make a Memory with friends or family, come join us for good times and fun at Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa. We've had the chance to share the joy of making these wonderful memories. For example, one granddaughter brought her grandmother in for her very first pedicure. The grandmother shared with us, that when her girl friends go to get pedicures, she will now go along with them.
Another group of ladies had a three generation spa day. The little granddaughter shared a pedicure with her mother by dangling her feet in the water while Mom enjoyed the massage chair. A true precious moment, making memories with the ones you love.
A Day at the Spa Is a Month of Good Feeling!
9 Reasons You Will Love Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa
- Your Calls Are Answered By A Live Person – When you call to schedule your next appointment, or ask a question, you will speak to a live, knowledgeable person. Our answering machine only picks up when we are closed or we are working with a client. All calls are returned in a timely manner.
- No Hidden Cost – We offer a complete line of Hair, Skin, Nail and Massage services, along with a Hair Cut Bonus Program and many customizable packages. We will tell you upfront the cost of all the services you select. There is never any hidden charge.
- Tell Us What YOU Want! – We encourage all of our clients to tell us what they would like and what they are expecting before starting any services. During this discovery process we listen and provide recommendations for our clients so they may reach their desired results.
- We Treat You The Way We Want To Be Treated – At Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa, you are always treated like you are our only client.
- Cutting Edge – Our skilled professionals participate in continuing education courses to keep us current in the ever changing fashion world. With improvements, new products and up to date information, we strive to bring you the very latest in skills and superior service.
- Mind And Body – We offer a variety of therapeutic services to help you escape from stress and invigorate your spirit. See us at Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa today!
- One Stop Service For Your Convenience – Cuts, Styling, Color, Perms, Corrective Work, Highlights, Lowlights, Nails, Waxing, Facials, Massage, Professional Hair & Nail Products, and Professional Cosmetics are all under one roof at Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa explicitly for your convenience.
- Let Us Pre-Schedule Your Next Appointment – To maintain your perfect look, we will schedule your next upkeep appointment, one, two, three, or four weeks in advance so you never have to face that "in-between look" again.
- Our Services Are Guaranteed – At Avenue Hair Styling & Day Spa, we're not happy until you are. Our services ARE guaranteed!
When we say we're the BEST in Topeka and the surrounding areas, we mean it!

subset: commoncrawl


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Saturday, July 21, 2012
15 comments:
How cute is this?! I love how you made this stamp more dimensional and "real" with the twine and glittery star!ReplyDelete
Yes, curious! :-)
I've loved this card from the moment I first saw it, Amy! All of the sweet details are so 'you'! Tell your funk to take a hike! ;)ReplyDelete
Your cards always amaze me, Amy, and this one is loaded with so many wonderful details...LOVE it all! So sorry you're in a funk, but it happens to the best of us - lol! Hang in there and yes...I'm curious! :-)ReplyDelete
awesome card Amy...as always perfectly put together ...and gorgeous...funk you say ...NEVER I sayReplyDelete
Very cute card, Amy!!!ReplyDelete
Weeeeeeee! This card is so fun and cute. Hope your summer is going well my friend! Hugs to you!ReplyDelete
What a sweet card Amy. Love the cut out image, the Kraft base... all the darling die-cut elements and sparkly stars... so creative as always.ReplyDelete
So cute! Love the stars! And the twine! And these colors on the khaki card base! Gorgeous ! Sorry, you are in a funk! We are not taking a vacation, either! Pooh! At least we have our ink and stamps and paper!!!ReplyDelete
Sorry you are knee deep in apples. Just try and think about how good it will taste in the dead of winter. That always makes me feel better when I am sweating in the kitchen in the middle of summer! I also daydream about cards and colors and sketches during chores!ReplyDelete
How cute! Love the image and the gold star on his line :)ReplyDelete
This is adorable. Love the bunny and the colors in your card.ReplyDelete
Adorable card! Love the colors and the little bunny.ReplyDelete
so very cute, I just love the twinkling stars too!ReplyDelete
Wow. This is just amazing with all the sparkling twinkling starsReplyDelete
Love this sweetie!ReplyDelete


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[edit] Background
Mole Mania puts you in control of Muddy Mole, a mole whose wife and kids have been kidnapped by the evil farmer Jinbe. Muddy must save his family from Jinbe while solving mutiple puzzle levels and taking on Jinbe's horde of minions!
[edit] Game Play
[edit] Features
Play as Muddy Mole as he travels above and below ground to save his family, and fights enemies with an assortment of objects.


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Policing the World
By Jack F. Matlock Jr.
Published: March 26, 2000
Peacekeepers, Warlords and a World
of Endless Conflict.
By William Shawcross.
447 pp. New York:
Simon & Schuster. $27.50.
William Shawcross's ''Sideshow: Kissinger, Nixon and the Destruction of Cambodia,'' published in 1979, set off a passionate debate over responsibility for the massacres inflicted on the Cambodian people in the 1970's by Khmer Rouge fanatics. Shawcross contended that President Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger, his assistant for national security at the time, were the principal culprits. Referring to American policy during the Vietnam War, Shawcross concluded, ''Cambodia was not a mistake; it was a crime.''
To many observers, this reviewer included, Shawcross's accusation seemed not merely excessive but perversely misdirected. Whatever mistakes the Nixon administration might have made in Southeast Asia, the charge that the United States government was responsible, even indirectly, for the murderous behavior of the Khmer Rouge seemed patently unreasonable. In blaming the United States, Shawcross implicitly lifted much of the guilt from those who were directly responsible for one of the most gruesome atrocities in human history: the Khmer Rouge leaders and their mentors and supporters in Mao Zedong's China.
In ''Deliver Us From Evil,'' Shawcross is still looking for culprits other than the local demagogues and warlords who have initiated and perpetuated conflict in the 1990's. His current target is broader than a single government; he identifies it at various times as the members of the United Nations Security Council, the ''international community'' or even the entire ''post-cold-war world.'' In an early chapter he sets forth the proposition that ''the post-cold-war world has exaggerated ethnic hatreds, encouraged the failure of states, exacerbated internal conflicts (or at least prolonged them) and led to more global disorder.'' Such a statement could make one nostalgic for the cold war until one remembers what it actually was like.
Readers, however, should not allow questionable judgments of culpability to detract from the value of this book. When Shawcross describes what he has witnessed, he is persuasive. His fast-paced account shifts abruptly from one conflict to another -- Cambodia to Bosnia, Somalia to Sierra Leone, Rwanda to Kosovo, Iraq to East Timor. Along with vivid descriptions, he gives us a feel for the context in which these conflicts have arisen and unforgettable glimpses of the catastrophic impact they have had on human lives.
Shawcross finds few heroes among the political leaders of the past decade. He repeatedly characterizes the policies of the major powers as either cowardly and inept or self-serving and destructive, usually giving scant attention to the domestic political context in which policies were made. He is, however, sympathetic to the United Nations officials in trouble spots. They were rarely given the means to achieve the goals set by member governments, yet were held responsible for failures not of their making.
If the book has a central positive character, it is Kofi Annan, the current United Nations secretary general. Shawcross traveled with Annan in Africa, the Balkans and elsewhere. Invariably picturing Annan's role in a favorable light, Shawcross fuses descriptions of his trips with explanations of the way the conflicts developed and character portraits of the local protagonists.
Whenever Shawcross focuses on a particular problem, his judgments are more reliable than the statements he makes regarding post-cold-war conflict in general. He notes accurately that the thousands of deaths that preceded the Dayton agreement on Bosnia in 1995 might have been avoided if the United States had supported the settlement proposed in 1993 by former Secretary of State Cyrus Vance and the former British foreign secretary David Owen. The Clinton administration undermined the Vance-Owen proposal for reasons that were more theoretical than practical: it did not wish to ''legitimatize'' the consolidation of ethnic groups into cantonal areas. Forced movement of people is indeed a deplorable practice that should be discouraged when possible. However, given the passions that were raging in Bosnia in 1993, relocation was surely preferable to the mass murder, mayhem and rapine that followed the breakdown of negotiations.
The Dayton accords stopped most of the plundering and killing in Bosnia, but ethnic cleansing has not been reversed. There is still no effective central authority or sense of nationhood in Bosnia. Even the fragile peace that prevails will depend, for the foreseeable future, on the willingness of foreign governments to provide military force sufficient to deter the various factions from going after one another once again.
Shawcross also criticizes American policy in several other troubled areas. President Clinton precipitately withdrew American forces from Somalia once they experienced casualties, he says, making a bad situation even worse. In addition, Shawcross argues, though less plausibly, the United States prevented other nations from responding promptly to the genocidal massacres that suddenly erupted in Rwanda. And the refusal by the United States to consider intervention on the ground in Kosovo resulted in an aerial war against Serbia that has had many unintended negative effects: Slobodan Milosevic is still in power in Serbia; Kosovo is under international occupation with no end in sight; and ethnic cleansing has continued, though now against Serbs rather than Albanians.


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I always thought that you only had a baby shower with your first baby. A few people have asked if I was gonna have a baby shower for this baby. I have no idea. I wasn't planning on it at all. The only thing I was thinking about is if this baby is a girl I thought I might have a small get together.
So really, I'm not planning on having another baby shower. I was just wondering if anyone else did after their first baby or with a new gender.


text: Posted 24 Apr 2014 · Report post Good day and blessings to all who seek the will of the Father. I recently received a a healing of my leg and find that He is pouring out His Holy Spirit on all flesh at this time. Any others experiencing this also? Blessings 2 Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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The Roughriders ran roughshod over Jackson, marching for 414 yards on 62 carries in a victory that sends them to the quarterfinals to face Skyline.
EVERETT — After waiting so long to get back into the state playoffs, Roosevelt was not about to make a quick exit.
The Roughriders ran roughshod over Jackson, marching for 414 yards on 62 carries in a 42-28 victory Friday night at Everett Memorial Stadium in the first round of the Class 4A football playoffs.
In the quarterfinals, Roosevelt (8-3) faces top-ranked Skyline at 5 p.m. Friday at Memorial Stadium.
Taku Shiozaki scored five touchdowns and gained 235 yards on 37 carries for 10th-ranked Roosevelt to help offset 355 passing yards by Conor Plaisance of No. 8 Jackson (9-2).
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Still, it took a 91-yard interception return by Spencer Farias in the fourth quarter for Roosevelt to finally seal the win in its first playoff appearance since 1995.
Farias choreographed the return from the instant he picked off the pass at the Roosevelt 9 until he finally meandered into the end zone.
"I was looking for all my guys to be lead blockers, so I was pointing at them and telling where they should go," Farias said. "It was just beautiful."
The pick and score with 6:17 left in the fourth quarter helped Roosevelt pad its lead when it looked like Jackson was going to tie the score.
"Oh man, these guys know how to make it exciting," Roosevelt coach Matt Nelsen said. "That Jackson team is so talented, running all over the place, we were just hoping someone would make a play and Spencer was there. Man, that was a great play."
Farias added a second interception moments later to finally slow Plaisance, who completed 26 of 41 passes with two touchdowns, both to Trey Robison, who caught six passes for 143 yards.
It was the second time this season Shiozaki scored five touchdowns in a game. The senior said wasn't the least bit tired despite the heavy workload.
"We knew our offensive line would dominate this game," Shiozaki said. "So I just had to fight for the extra yards after getting hit."
Roosevelt threw only twice, once for 12 yards and the second for a two-point conversion.
"We really controlled the ball well, ran strong and stuck to the game plan all night," Nelsen said.
In addition to Shiozaki, Bereket Anshebo gained 86 yards 10 carries and Carson Hatfield added 64 yards on six carries.


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It's time to renew: 2015 boat decals expire June 30June 18, 2015
Nearly 8-thousand WA residents have already signed-up for License Express websiteOctober 22, 2012
In one month, thousands of Washington residents have already signed-up for the convenience of the state's new License Express website.
On September 17, the Department of Licensing announced that License Express is a website where residents can securely manage their driver license, ID card, cars, motorcycles, watercraft and trailers.
That's right, all in one place!
As of October 19, the total number of people who've signed-up for the site is 7,988.
To learn more about License Express, check-out the video tour.
Want to join now? Here's our direct link to the sign-up page.
DOL makes managing driver and vehicle licenses easierSeptember 17, 2012
OLYMPIA—The Department of Licensing introduced a fast, easy way to manage your driver license and all of your vehicle, trailer and boat licenses in one secure online service called License Express.
This new service allows people to take care of all of the most common DOL license transactions like renewals and address changes. It also makes it easy to take care of many less common tasks like ordering a duplicate driver license or ID card, signing up for email renewal reminders, ordering copies of your driving record and report the sale of vehicles or boats.
"It's no secret our customers typically dread a trip to a local driver licensing office to wait for service," Licensing Director Alan Haight said. "License Express is like having a DOL office at home."
License Express ties together DOL's most popular online services that, individually, have been used more than 2.5 million times by customers wanting to skip a trip to an office. DOL plans to keep improving this new service over time and adding more features to make it even more useful and save DOL customers more time.
License Express takes advantage of a highly secure login process through the state's Secure Access Washington service to safeguard personal information.
DOL customers can learn more about this new service and sign up at the DOL website at dol.wa.gov.
It's time to renew: 2012 boat decals expire June 30June 13, 2012
Summer boating is right around the corner, and so is the deadline for renewing boat and watercraft registration decals. In Washington state, all boat registrations expire on June 30.
Don't let an expired registration spoil your day; remember to renew before you get out on the water.
Boat registrations can be renewed online at the DOL website or in person at a neighborhood vehicle licensing office. Those who choose to renew at an office should make sure to note the registration number on the bow of the boat or watercraft and take that information to the office.
Due to budget cuts, DOL discontinued paper renewal notices for boats in 2010 and instead offered boat owners the opportunity to sign up to receive email renewal reminders. It's too late to sign up for an email renewal reminder for this year, but boat owners can sign up online at dol.wa.gov to receive renewal reminders by email in the future.
It's time to renew: 2011 boat decals expire June 30June 3, 2011
Summer boating is right around the corner, and so is the deadline for renewing boat and watercraft registration decals. In Washington state, all boat registrations expire on June 30.
Boat registrations can be renewed online and in person at a neighborhood vehicle licensing office. Those who choose to renew in an office should make sure to note the registration number on the bow of the boat or watercraft and take that information to the office.
Renewing online is fast, easy and secure. Boat owners who have not yet signed up to receive an email renewal notice for their boat can do that on the Department of Licensing website, too.
Boat email renewal reminders make for smooth sailingMarch 24, 2011
by Mark Horner
Own a boat (or know someone who does)? Here's an important story.
Due to state budget cuts, registration renewal reminders for boats are no longer being sent out in the mail. However, there's a simple solution.
Boat owners can sign-up to receive renewal reminders by email. Signing-up typically takes a minute-or-less on the Department of Licensing's website.
Yep—it's really simple, really fast, and super convenient.
If you know other boat owners, it's likely that they'd want to know about this change and would also like to continue receiving boat renewal reminders. Feel free to share this blog post. If you have a website or blog, you're certainly welcome to embed the video below into your site.
Many people taking advantage of email renewal noticesFebruary 24, 2011
A legislative proposal to encourage the use of email renewal reminders for our state's cars and trucks to save the state $3.8 million per year is getting a lot of attention in the media. Under this proposal, vehicle owners would be given the options of signing up for free email renewal reminders, paying an additional fee to continue receiving traditional paper vehicle renewal notices, or skipping renewal notices altogether.
Informal online polls and reader comments on news websites indicate many people think the time is right for switching to email renewal notices. The good news is that DOL already offers email renewal reminders. The benefits to signing up for them go well beyond cost savings, and more than 300,000 people have already signed up.
Email renewal notices have a link to DOL's popular online vehicle tab renewal system. You can open your reminder, click the link, and have your new tabs on their way to your home in a matter of minutes. This means no more writing checks or driving across town. Email renewal reminders also are much more environmentally friendly than the paper notices.
You can sign up all your vehicles (and boats) right now at the DOL website.


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you are viewing a single comment's thread.
1 Holland (if they can stop rowing )2 Ivory Coast
i dont think holland will win it either. they will hammer a few teams & then lose to a well organised disciplined team like germany or italy despite having better players than those teams.


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I maintain WP post to PDF Enhanced, and have recently been made aware of an issue raised by Participants Database regarding the added code in the url to get the [pdb_single] shortcode to work.
Currently, my plugin is getting the url via a basic method:
Unfortunately, that won't do for generating a PDF of
$post when we have the added
?pdb=nn or
&pdb=nn tacked on. I tried:
but I'm not capturing the full URL. Do you think I'm going to need to resort to a pure PHP method, or is there some way using the WP API I might get it? (I know, this isn't strictly a question related to this plugin, though it is relevant.)
Any help would be greatly appreciated!


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When i spin my rim slowly i can hear a slight squeal in some spots like the inear pads are touching! Is there a way to give more space for clearence??
When i spin my rim slowly i can hear a slight squeal in some spots like the inear pads are touching! Is there a way to give more space for clearence??
What kind of brakes? Sometimes mine do this when the rotors are dusty. A simple wipedown usually solves the problem.
You need to develop a caliper squeegee attachment.
Ooooh! With silicone scrubbers to get between the cut-outs...
What brakes are you running?
Hydraulic? Mechanical?
Last edited by Luke52; 01-25-09 at 05:43 PM. Reason: typo.
you can use an old credit card or something to adjust hydros. the pads set to what ever they are forced to clamp on.
[2010] Specialized P3 - [09] Origin8 Scout 29er - [08] Specialized Epic Comp - [08] Specialized Allez - [06] - Specialized SX Trail II - (((In Pieces - '08 Jamis Parker -- '07 specialized Hardrock Sport -- 2005 KHS DJ200)))
I have hydraulics! Shimano deore! If using a credit card works how do you go about using it as a spacer??
Slack off the caliper mounting bolts. Take a business card and fold it in half. Slip the card over the roter and push it into the caliper. Tighten the bolts and the rotor will be centered.
Also if it is only rubbing in some spots your rotor could be slightly warped. You could try to straighten in out and that could help.
Don't touch it! This is normal for disc brakes, and one of their disadvantages. If it is a minor annoyance while not riding, just let it be. If it really loud and bugging you take it to you lbs and they can probably adjust the caliper to lessen the sound.
Surely don't listen to the guy who says straighten out the disc. Unless you have a special tool (fairly expensive) you'll end up making the problem much much worse. Plus disc brakes do not warp easily - thats the whole point of using them over v brakes right?
Thanx for all the advice! Not really annoying when riding the bike! Can live with that! If going to try any thing then will try the spacer trick with a credit card!


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HELENA – U.S. Sen. John Walsh and his campaign are remaining tight-lipped for a third straight day on whether he intends to stay in Montana's Senate race following plagiarism allegations.
Walsh spokeswoman Lauren Passalacqua told the Associated Press in an email Thursday there is "nothing new right now." Walsh has canceled all campaign events this week and made himself unavailable to reporters.
Walsh has until Monday to withdraw from the race against Republican U.S. Rep. Steve Daines, or he'll remain on the ballot. If he does withdraw, Montana's Democratic Party would have until Aug. 20 to submit the name of a replacement candidate to the secretary of state.
Walsh faces allegations that he plagiarized a research paper while studying for a master's degree at the U.S. Army War College in 2007.
Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text: News How the Military Got Its Mojo Back Thirty years ago, U.S. military forces converged on Grenada in chaotic fashion. The resulting disorganization birthed the policy of joint-warfare among service branches, which eventually aided in the capture of Osama bin Laden. Oct 24, 2013 Oct 24, 2013 3 Comments Share this Twitter Facebook


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Get to know Kate and Damien, the inspiring husband and wife team behind jewelry brand Flight of Fancy. (…) Read more
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Travel Guide: Sunny San Diego EscapeMar 29, 2015
This post comes from our blog intern, Aubrie! (…) Read more
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One of the coolest things about my west coast journey was seeing the change in landscape and climate as I made my way down the coast from Portland to San Diego. (…) Read more
Weekend Getaways: Road TrippingAug 19, 2011
Do you ever have that feeling that you're stuck in a rut? You find yourself following a routine and it's easy to lose sight of the big picture when you're hung up on monotonous little details. Sometimes removing yourself from normality is all it takes to clear your head and gain a new perspective. I (…) Read more
san diego job opening!Aug 03, 2010
our carlsbad, san diego store is looking for a new store manager! for more info and to apply, click here. (…) Read more


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Building a Law of Human Rights: Roncarelli V. Duplessis in Canadian Constitutional Culture
Adams, Eric M., McGill Law Journal
This article reveals how audiences, especially in anglophone Canada, initially received and interpreted Roncarelli v. Duplessis as a case, above all, about human rights. Ignoring the judgment's myriad complexities, commentators eagerly situated the case within the Supreme Court of Canada's "implied bill of rights" jurisprudence then taking shape. Part of the reason for the emphasis on Roncarelli's rights can be traced to the manner in which Frank Scott and Louis Stein argued the case, and the language of rights employed by Justice Ivan Rand's iconic judgment.
But Roncarelli's meaning also took shape in press accounts and editorials, radio broadcasts, case comments, and law school lectures. Exploring these often-neglected sources, this article exposes the role of constitutional culture in creating jurisprudential meaning. In turn, it also calls for greater recognition of the pre-Charter Supreme Court of Canada in contributing to Canada's intellectual history of rights.
Cet artiele montre comment le public, notamment celui du Canada anglais, a initialement recu et interprete l'arret Roncarelli c. Duplessis comine etant une affaire ayant trait avant tout aux droits de la personne. Laissant de cote les innombrables complexites du jugement, les commentateurs se sont empresses de situer l'arret dans la jurisprudence de la Cour supreme du Canada qui se formait a l'epoque sur la << charte des droits implicite >>. L'accent mis sur les droits de Roncarelli s'explique en partie par l'approche adoptee par Frank Scott et Louis Stein pour plaider la cause ainsi que par le langage utilise par le juge Ivan Rand dans son jugement embtematique.
Toutefois, la signification de l'arret Roncarelli s'est aussi formee a travers des eomptes rendus de presse et des editoriaux, des emissions de radio, des commentaires d'arret et des cours dans les facultes de droit. En explorant ces sources trop souvent negligees, cet article expose le role de la culture constitutionnelle dans l'interpretation jurisprudentielle. De plus, il lance un appel pour une plus grande reconnaissance de la contribution de la Cour supreme du Canada a l'histoire intellectuelle des droits au Canada avant l'avenement de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertes.
Introduction I. Roncarelli at the Supreme Court of Canada II. Roncarelli in Living Rooms III. Roncarelli in Classrooms Conclusion
A few months after his momentous victory as co-counsel in Roncarelli v. Duplessis, (1) Frank Scott spoke to an audience of lawyers at the midwinter meeting of the Canadian Bar Association. "I find it interesting to observe how in the field of constitutional law," Scott began, "certain parts of the total structure seem to become floodlighted and to stand out from the rest at particular periods of time." (2) It was true that in the past, "[m]ost of the great cases in Canadian constitutional law ... have turned on questions of jurisdiction under sections 91 and 92 of the BNA Act, and these we have always with us," but, he continued, a "short look backward over the past dozen years" revealed courts and legislatures grappling with a new set of constitutional issues and concerns. (3) "Constitutionally speaking," Scott declared, "the 1950s was predominantly the decade of human rights." (4)
To prove his point, Scott turned his audience's attention to a series of cases already on their way to being regarded as the '"golden' moments of the civil liberties decade": (5) Boucher v. R., (6) Saumur v. Quebec (City of), (7) Switzman v. Elbling, (8) and Roncarelli. Collectively, these cases--or, rather, certain judgments within them--had become famous for their articulation of a constitutional theory known as the "implied bill of rights". (9) Although judges on the Supreme Court of Canada never used that expression to describe their jurisprudential efforts, a legion of admirers adopted and promulgated the phrase in the years that followed. …


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All the San Diego Chargers needed to end a six-game losing streak was another cross-country trip to Jacksonville.
Philip Rivers threw four touchdown passes, two to Antonio Gates, and the Chargers beat the Jaguars, 31-25, on Sunday for their first victory in nearly two months.
Rivers passed Joe Montana (273) and tied Vinny Testaverde (275) for 11th on the NFL's all-time list.
Rivers completed 29 of 43 passes for 300 yards. He was sacked twice and had his left ankle checked in the locker room at halftime. But his four TDs were enough against the Jaguars (4-7), who failed to recover an onside kick in the closing minutes.


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the printer is plugged into a belkin 54g wireless router. none of the computers see it. it's a pain and doesnt work and never worked. when i force it from its own button to print a test page it gives good results but im unable to print from any of my computer. does anyone have experience with this? maybe someone can follow through some settings with me?
This is how you can connect your printer WITHOUT installing any bloatware
1) Connect Up
2) Restore Factory Defaults (If you're like me, you messed everything up and needed to reset)
3) Reserve the printer an address on your router. This will spare you gray hairs knowing that it will always be at the same address in wired ethernet mode.
4) Configure Wireless Settings Via Your Browser
did you follow these instructions?
How do I install my printer on a wired network from a Windows® PC?


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When any form of scleroderma (either localized or systemic) occurs in children, it is also called Childhood Scleroderma or Juvenile Scleroderma. (Also see Types of Scleroderma)
Coping with a Child's Illness
Patient and Caregiver Stories
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text: VIDEO: Bonnaroo Radiohead "Daily Mail" Time Lapse Wesley HodgesAug 9, 2012 Likes Tweets PinsNoisey put together a time-lapse video to the tune of Radiohead's that manages to capture the essence of Bonnaroo in 3 minutes and 34 seconds. Well worth a look even if you've never been to Manchester, TN. Likes Tweets Pins


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Faculty and Staff
- Regular Faculty
- Adjuncts, Visitors, and Postdoctoral Fellows
- Faculty in Other Departments
- Emeritus Faculty
- In Memoriam
- Staff
Regular Faculty
Maurizio Albahari
Associate Professor
PhD University of California at Irvine
Research Interests: Public citizenship, cities, aesthetics, migration, and transnationalism; identity, pluralism, democracy, and interreligious dialogue; epistemology; Italy; the Euro-Mediterranean region.
Contact: (574) 631-7759 email@example.com
Office hours: Wed 2:00pm-5:00pm in 620 Flanner Hall, and by appointment
Christopher Ball
Assistant Professor
PhD University of Chicago
Research Interests: Language, semiotics of culture, politics of communication, ritual, discourse and interaction, grammatical categories and thought, indigeneity, Amazonia, Japan.
Contact: (574) 631-6993 email@example.com
Office hours: Mon 12:00pm-2:00pm and Thur 1:00pm-3:00pm in 616 Flanner Hall, and by appointment
Jada BennTorres
Assistant Professor
PhD University of New Mexico
Research Interests: Biological anthropology; transatlantic slave trade; genetic adaptations to environment, culture and disease; genetics and health disparity; African Diaspora.
Contact: (574) 631-3763 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Wed 10:00am-1:00pm in 619 Flanner Hall
Susan D. Blum
PhD University of Michigan
Research Interests: Cultural, linguistic, and psychological anthropology; deception and truth; multilingualism; person and self; ethnicity, nationalism and identity; childhood and higher education; morality; wellbeing; justice; sustainability and food; and anthropological theory; China and Asia, the U.S.; cross-cultural comparison.
Contact: (574) 631-3762 email@example.com
Office hours: Wed 1:30pm-3:00pm in 614 Flanner, and by appointment
Catherine Bolten
Associate Professor
PhD University of Michigan
Research Interests: Conflict and peace, education, politics, structural violence and inequalities, poverty, morality and ethics, youth, development, ethnoprimatology, Africa.
Contact: (574) 631-5099 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Mon and Tue 2:00pm-3:30pm in 641 Flanner Hall, and by appointment
Alex E. Chávez
Assistant Professor
PhD University of Texas at Austin
Research Interests: U.S.–Mexico Borderlands; Latina/o expressive culture; transnational migration; race and ethnicity; ethnography; cultural geography; Linguistic Anthropology; Ethnomusicology; Folklore.
Contact: (574) 631-1361 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Tue 10:00am-12:00pm in 640 Flanner Hall, and by appointment
Meredith S. Chesson
Associate Professor
PhD Harvard University
Research Interests: Archaeology, early urbanization, anth of gender, mortuary practices; Italy, Ancient Near East.
Contact: (574) 631-3775 email@example.com
Office hours: On academic leave spring 2016.
Agustín Fuentes
Chair of Anthropology
PhD University of California, Berkeley
Research Interests: Biological anth, primatology, evolution of social organization, primate ecology & conservation, human-nonhuman primate interactions; SE Asia, Gibraltar.
Contact: (574) 631-5547 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: TBA
Patrick Gaffney, C.S.C
Associate Professor
PhD University of Chicago
Research Interests: Religious leadership & politics, symbolic systems, humanitarian crises, language & culture, social structure & conflict; Russia, Central Africa, Egypt & the Middle East.
Contact: (574) 631-4113 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Tue 2:00pm-3:20pm, Wed 10:00am-11:00am, Fri 2:00pm-3:00pm in 644 Flanner Hall, and by appointment.
Lee T. Gettler
Assistant Professor
PhD Northwestern University
Research Interests: Biological anthropology, life history theory, behavioral endocrinology, reproductive physiology, reproductive ecology, neurobiological correlates of partnering, allocaregiving, & fathering, cooperative breeding, allostasis, developmental plasticity & the developmental origins of health and disease (DoHAD).
Contact: (574) 631-4479 email@example.com
Office hours: On academic leave 2016-2017.
Donna M. Glowacki
Associate Professor
PhD Arizona State University, Tempe
Research Interests: Archaeology, depopulation & migration, social & religious change, intraregional exchange, ceramic & compositional analysis; Southwest & Eastern N. America.
Contact: (574) 631-7619 email@example.com
Office hours: On academic leave 2015-2016.
Eric Haanstad
Director of Undergraduate Studies
PhD University of Wisconsin-Madison
Research Interests: Police, state security, symbolic anthropology. temporality, violence, theatre, performative ethnography; Native America, Thailand, Cambodia, Southeast Asia.
Contact: email@example.com
Office hours: TBA in 622 Flanner Hall
Ian Kuijt
Director of Graduate Studies
PhD Harvard University
Research Interests: Archaeology, Irish historical archaeology, social inequality and food production in the Near Eastern Neolithic, mortuary analysis, and lithic technology; Ancient Near East, Western N. America, Ireland.
Contact: (574) 631-3263 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Wed 1:00pm-3:00pm in 617 Flanner Hall, and by appointment
James McKenna
The Rev. Edmund P. Joyce, C.S.C., Professor of Anthropology
PhD University of Oregon
Research Interests: Primate social behavior, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, human ethology, infancy, evolutionary medicine, sleep, medical anth.
Contact: (574) 631-3816 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Tue or Thur in 624 Flanner Hall, drop by, call or email
Carolyn R. Nordstrom
PhD University of California, Berkeley
Research Interests: Political/economic anthropology, digital culture/cyber war & crime, war & peace, global extralegal, gender, culture theory, globalization.
Contact: (574) 631-5072 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Tue 12:00pm-2:00pm in 623 Flanner Hall, and by appointment
Rahul Oka
Ford Family Assistant Professor
PhD University of Illinois Chicago and Field Museum
Research Interests: Economic anthropology/archaeology, conflict, trade, and exchange, network analysis, complex systems, collapse, anthropology of urbanism, development, relief, refugee studies, poverty issues; East Africa and South Asia.
Contact: (574) 631-1372 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Mon 1:00pm-3:00pm in 645 Flanner Hall
Natalie Porter
Assistant Professor
PhD University of Wisconsin-Madison
Research Interests: Medical anthropology; science and technology studies; multispecies ethnograpphy; biopolitics; property; Southeast Asia; Vietnam.
Contact: (574) 631-8518 email@example.com
Office hours: On academic leave spring 2016.
Mark R. Schurr
PhD Indiana University
Research Interests: Archaeology, quantitative methods, archaeological chemistry, mortuary analysis, social complexity in Middle Woodland & Middle Mississippian periods, Native American historical archaeology; Eastern N. America.
Contact: (574) 631-7638 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: By appointment in 100 O'Shaughnessy or 647 Flanner. Email firstname.lastname@example.com
Susan G. Sheridan
Associate Professor
PhD University of Colorado
Research Interests: Biological anth, paleosteology, trace element analysis, forensic anth, chemistry; Israel, Sudan, Southwest US.
Contact: (574) 631-7670 email@example.com
Office hours: Mon 1:00pm-2:00pm in 637 Flanner and Thur 2:00pm-3:00pm in 105 Reyneirs
Vania Smith-Oka
Associate Professor
PhD University of Illinois-Chicago
Research Interests: Medical anth, globalization & health, ethnobotany, ethnomedicine, anth of reproduction; Mexico.
Contact: (574) 631-7269 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: On academic leave spring 2016.
Gabriel A. Torres
Director of Undergraduate Studies
Ph.D University of New Mexico
Research Interests: Political anthropology, race/racism, sports, aesthetics, history of anthropology, anthropological theory; Spain, Caribbean, United States.
Contact: (574) 631-2308 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: Mon and Thur 9:00am-11:00am in 622 Flanner Hall, and by appointment
Adjuncts,Visitors and Postdoctoral Fellows
Mark Golitko
Visiting Assistant Professor
PhD University of Illinois at Chicago
Research Interests: , Archaeology, prehistoric conflict, social networks, human-environment systems, archaeometry, social network analysis; Europe, Southwestern Pacific.
Contact: email@example.com
Office hours: Tue 10:00am-11:00am and Thur 2:00pm-3:00pm in 621 Flanner Hall
Marc Kissel
Postdoctoral Fellow
PhD University of Wisconsin-Madison
Research Interests: Biological anthropology, paleoanthropology, Neandertals and modern human origins, population genetics, demography, computer modeling; France, Spain & Germany.
Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: By appointment in 648 Flanner Hall
Devi Snively
Adjunct Faculty
MFA Academy of Art, San Francisco
Research Interests: Film writing and production, horror film
Contact: (574) 329-5827 firstname.lastname@example.com
Office hours: TBA
Michelle Thornton, Senior Administrative Assistant
Office: 612 Flanner Hall
Contact: (574) 631-6433 email@example.com
Eileen Barany, Administrative Assistant
Office: 611 Flanner Hall
Contact: (574) 631-0299 email@example.com


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Rap artist Westside Gunn – They Killed Pookie Ft. Conway. WestsideGunn looks to get his name bubbling in the Tristate region after lately appearing on Skyzoo's new single "Extravagance." Now Gunn links up with his GXFR labelmate Conway for "They Killed Pookie," made by Harlem's V-Don.
Press to play below to hear something new from WestsideGunn!


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Hi everyone. Am a ps2 owner and i play the games casually cause am a boarding student and get free only during the holiday. However the last few weeks of playing resident evil 4 have been quite scary to d point of wandering if i were playing a video game or watching horror movie, i mean video games have been know to boost your mood and make life seem sweeter. But my God, for game with the scary,ugly ganados and bosses,creepy screams or voices, the frightening background music and a lot more scares here and there, its nothing similar to d family friendly trend most games follows. I remember at one point i almost ran out of my house one home alone evening when i was playing all by myself. And i nvr tried to play it alone in the house ever again. So how about you, what is the scariest video game u evr played and how much did it scare you?
what is the scariest video game you ever played
To be honest, Fallout 3 scared me a lot when it first came out.
F.e.a.r.You've got a gun
I've got a gun
Let's write a tragic ending...
That ^
I know this is sad but I will have to say Persona 3 just because of all the stuff it made me think about...
video games don't scare me, but they scare my friend and sis, when i play them. My friend started to play my little pony, to forget about the game i was playing. the person i was playing screamed, and my sis and friend yelled at me, to turn it off. it was resident evil for the 3ds.Who said white people can't rap? Nigga.
Doom 3 used to shit me up[CENTER]:dom:
Resident Evil 4 is pretty creepy.
Dead space.
Dom wrote:Doom 3 used to shit me up
It was because there was always a scary ass monster hiding in the darkness.
The location of the monsters changed every time you tried again, so you were never certain to where the next zombie would pop out and jump you.
[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M627-obxNzg]Amnesia: The Dark Descent - Teaser Trailer - YouTube[/ame][CENTER][SIGPIC][/SIGPIC][/CENTER]
Resident Evil 4 & Fallout 3. :p
Immortal Technique wrote:Resident Evil 4 is pretty creepy.
yeah thats what am talking of. It was my first real survival horror game. I remember trying to gun down the first chainsaw ganado with several(7) handgun shots only to finish my ammo and get my head chopped off
Left 4 Dead>>>>[SIZE="4"][COLOR="Red"]Official TeenHut Tinychat!!!![/COLOR][/SIZE]<<<<
Amnesia. All the way. That game is the most horrific experience ever - you're unarmed and the only things you can really do about the monsters are running or hiding....[SIGPIC][/SIGPIC]
Honestly, the first game that ever scared me & intrigued me at the same time was Bioshock. I was 10 or 11 when it first came out. The whole thing was amazing to me. The story, the setting, the characters. Just everything. But simultaneously, it terrified me. I remember having several nightmares about it. But get this: I never actually played it. I got my fill in the Bioshock wiki & the strategy guide (Which I didn't even own but happened to read at GameStop). Reading about it made it so much better.
I just recently bought it, & let me tell you, I wasn't disappointed. I loved every second of it. It was terrifying.
Tomb raider
Abe's Oddysee when I was a wee kid. Only when the monsters brutally killed my Abe. Best childhood game ever.[center][/center]
F.E.A.R. made me piss in my pants, literally. I don't know what it is with little girls with long, dark hair, but that really got to me.
Bodric wrote:Amnesia. All the way. That game is the most horrific experience ever - you're unarmed and the only things you can really do about the monsters are running or hiding....
I've witnessed grown men piss themselves in fear whilst playing this. :rofl:[FONT="Palatino Linotype"][COLOR="Silver"][SIZE="2"][CENTER][SIZE="2"] Growing old is inevitable. Growing up is optional! [/SIZE][/CENTER][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT]
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Waterfall portrait by VilenchikWatch
©2013-2016 Vilenchik
Waterfall is one of the most natural beauty, and sometimes You can't catch Your eyes from the falling of the liquid crystal. So I wanted to paint my own mood at the memory of beauty what I saw)
So very beautiful done!
This is lovely!
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stunning work my dear love it
Awesome and stunning concept!
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Edit Article
How to Make a Kamen Rider Advent Deck
Here is how to make a Kamen rider advent deck box of your choice.
This article has been tagged as a stub.
That means it's off to a good start, but still has room to grow into a more helpful resource. Until the article reaches its full potential, it will be hidden from search results. Can you help it flourish? If you think the article offers complete and accurate instructions, feel free to remove this tag.
1Pick a rider.
2Get the Kamen rider belt from the U.S.A. Take some cardstock paper and wrap it around the deck.
3Make the bottom of the deck and get a picture or draw the symbol of the rider on the deck.
4Cut out a hole so you can put your cards in and take them out.
5Take some packaging tape and wrap your advent deck box in it.
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- a Kamen rider belt from the U.S.A
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IndyCar still struggling to catch up to NASCAR
Even though NASCAR has slumped over the past five years, open-wheel racing in the United States has not appreciably made up for the continent-sized ground it lost to the sedan set during the ruinous CART-IRL uncivil war.
And it should be gaining.
The merged Izod IndyCar Series has routinely produced great races. And the future is looking brighter with new engine manufacturers and chassis makers coming aboard over the next couple years.
But IndyCar has fallen so far behind NASCAR in television ratings and on-site attendance -- even during the time of NASCAR struggles -- that you wonder what it will take open-wheel racing to regain its past glory.
IndyCar believes it has a lure.
Come the Oct. 16, 2011, season finale in Las Vegas, which coincides with a break in the opposition's schedule, IndyCar will offer a $5 million bonus to any driver from another series who wins the race.
Who knows if anyone with accept the challenge. Tony Stewart and Juan Pablo Montoya certainly have the credentials. Kyle Busch will race anything, so why not IndyCars.
But if nothing else, the challenge has people talking about a series desperate for attention. And it shouldn't be that way.
IndyCar has its own set of excellent drivers in Dario Franchitti, Helio Castroneves, Will Power, Scott Dixon, Danica Patrick, Justin Wilson and Ryan Briscoe.
This promises to be a big year for IndyCar, highlighted by the 100th anniversary of the Indianapolis 500.
There will be two new (Baltimore and Las Vegas) and two returning (New Hampshire and Milwaukee) races on the 17-race schedule, replacing four dropped races formerly run on tracks owned by NASCAR's International Speedway Corp. (Chicagoland, Kansas, Watkins Glen and Homestead).
All entries will be Dallara chassis powered by Honda engines using Firestone tires this season. But Firestone is out after this season.
A look at IndyCar teams going into the March 27 season opener in St. Petersburg, Fla.:
Chip Ganassi Racing (Franchitti, Dixon, Graham Rahal drivers): Franchitti won his third IndyCar title and second Indy 500 in 2010. Has won two straight IndyCar titles in two years with team since returning from NASCAR. Former champ Dixon won three races in 2010 and finished third in points.
Team Penske (Castroneves, Briscoe, Power): Power lost the 2010 title to Franchitti in a late-season collapse. He won a series-high five races, all on street or road courses in 2010. Castroneves won two of the season's final three races to finish fourth on points. Looking for record-tying fourth Indy 500 win.
Andretti Autosport (Patrick, Marco Andretti, Mike Conway, Ryan Hunter-Reay): Tony Kanaan lost both his ride with Andretti when his sponsor withdrew and with DeFerran racing when the tem folded. Marco has slipped the past two seasons and Partick is now torn between IndyCar and NASCAR. Hunter-Reay led team in 2010, winning Long Beach Grand Prix and finishing seventh in points.
Those three teams account for all the 2010 wins, the top 10 drivers in the 2010 standings and half the contracted drivers for 2011.
The best of the remaining drivers are Justin Wilson (Dreyer & Reinbold Racing), Vitor Meira (A.J. Foyt), Alex Tagliani and Townsend Bell (Sam Schmidt Motorsports) and Takuma Sato and E.J. Viso (Lotus).
Tyler Palmer: Wins two NASA races from pole at Auto Club Speedway in Porsche 944.
Matt Ostiguy: Finishes fourth twice in season-opening Challenge of the Americas karting races at Fontana after 2010 season ended in crash.
San Diego Karting Association: Races Sunday at 9 a.m. on the west parkinbg lot of Qualcomm Stadium.
Ryan Villopoto: Wins Daytona to essentially build a one-race lead at the midpoint of the Supercross season.


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On this date in 2001, the Mets obtained Mo Vaughn from the Angels for starter Kevin Appier. One of the better Met moments, wouldn't you say?
Tag Archives: Angels
Dec. 22.09: The calm before the storm?
If there are other teams involved with Jason Bay, that could explain the silence from his camp. The mystery team, might have to make another deal to free up salary to make the trade.
The Yankees are reportedly talking trade about bringing in a pitcher, with Javier Vazquez's name popping up. Would the Braves be interested if that were the case? Reports still are naming the Mariners, Giants and Angels. One report had the Mariners considering moving Cliff Lee. That would only mean the Yankees.
If this is true, then the Mets have fallen in Bay's pecking order. Not that he appeared high to begin with.
It's called hardball for a reason ….
It's called hardball for a reason, so why aren't the Mets playing it with Jason Bay and Bengie Molina?
With Milton Bradley going to Seattle – the Mariners will regret that soon enough – there appears no other team interested in Bay. I keep hearing San Francisco and the Angels, but there's nothing to substantiate him going to either team.
There's no other team willing to give him a fifth year, so why should the Mets? Maybe, there could be an option, but nothing guaranteed. I liked Bay, but the longer this drags on the more I think "why bother …. something has to be wrong if nobody else is in this game."
As for as Molina is concerned, he's nuts to think at his age he'll get three years.
I would have no problem with Omar Minaya telling each the offer on the table is now a "take it or leave it," proposal.
Sorting things out ….
I don't know if stonewalling Jason Bay was a ruse by the Red Sox to get John Lackey. I didn't think they were going to get him anyway, and it has nothing to do with them misreading the pitching market.
Even so, they should be more aggressive in their pursuit for him if he's their target. Let's face it, he has to be because they aren't going to give Matt Holliday what the Cardinals are reportedly willing to do.
If the Mets think Bay will "fall back" to them like Johan Santana did, they could be mistaken. The first impression, and I had it yesterday, was Seattle wouldn't go for him because they'll need the money for Cliff Lee.
Perhaps that was premature.
Wouldn't Seattle be a little more enticing to Lee if there was power in that line-up? Maybe, with Lee, the Mariners see an opening to win this year and will still pursue Bay. Truth is, the Mariners haven't said Bay is no longer an option.
And, what about the Angels? With Lackey gone and Halladay no longer an option, they have to be looking to do something. Bay was on their radar before. He might still be on it unless the Angels are bent on those middle-tier arms the Mets have been talking about. Truth is, for what they saved in Lackey, they might be able to swing both Bay and a pitcher. And, Bay has to be a better option than Hideki Matsui.
Continue reading
Lackey wants Burnett bucks ….
Word is John Lackey rejected a $60 million package from the Angels and is looking in the AJ Burnett neighborhood of $82.5 million over five years.
Lackey does have an injury history, but if the reports are true that the Angels are making a bid to retain him, then that should be less of an issue because they are the team that knows him best.
There have been reports both ways, that Lackey could get up to $100 million or lucky to get the $60 million.
I'd be surprised if the value of all the Mets did this winter will add up to $100 million.


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Dale Corson's Induction into the Cornell Center for Materials Research Hall of Fame
Dale Corson at the CCMR Luncheon Video (PLEASE NOTE: This is a large file!) [QuickTime video] (572.6Mb)
Permanent Linkhttp://hdl.handle.net/1813/8295
MetadataShow full item record
Ashcroft, Neil W.; Richardson, Robert C.; Lehman, Jeffrey; Corson, Dale R.
On December 1, 2004 President Emeritus Dale Corson was inducted as the second member of the new Hall of Fame being created by the Cornell Center for Materials Research in Clark Hall. Carson, who joins the founding Director Robert L. Sproull in the Hall of Fame, was instrumental in the creation of the Center. Also present for this event were President Lehman and Presidents Emeriti Hunter Rawlings and Frank Rhodes. The video includes speeches by President Lehman and Vice-Provost for Research Robert C. Richardson, whose Nobel Prize work in low-temperature physics was done in the Center. Professor Neil Ash croft, former Center Director, was moderator for the ceremony.
Date Issued2004-12-01
Internet-First University Press
Cornell University; History; Materials Research; Cornell Presidents
Video/Moving Image


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ArchivesArchive LuxTalks now located here: http://campuspress.yale.edu/luxtalks
Monthly Archives: October 2009
A New Digital Environment for Building Cultural Connections
Staff from the Center for Media and Instructional Innovation (CMI2), David Hirsch and Gabe Rossi, and Lecturer in Comparative Literature, George Syrimis presented a new digital environment born of a partnership between the CMI2, the MacMillan Center, and the Hellenic … Continue reading
Adobe Acrobat Connect Pro
Trip Kirkpatrick and John Graves from the Center for Language Study described the many uses the Center makes of Adobe Acrobat Connect Pro (AACP). AACP is software which allows you to create instant, collaborative meetings with just a web browser … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized 3 Comments
Joe Murphy (libraryfuture on Twitter), Science Librarian, Coordinator of Instruction and Technology, claimed that Twitter may well be a necessary tool for this information-connected era. He introduced Twitter as a useful teaching tool. Joe used his own Twitter account as … Continue reading
Twitter feeds from today's Tw/TT session on Twitter
A few attendees actually used Twitter to blog today's session on Twitter. Please check out the accounts listed below for the live commentary on our session about Twitter. The YaleCLC Twitter account [thank you, Themba!]: http://twitter.com/YaleCLC Joe Murphy's Twitter account: … Continue reading
Stacey Maples, GIS Assistant, from the Map Library, demoed Photosynth, a web-based free service that takes unstructured collections of photographs (of a single object or place) and reconstructs a 3D image from sets of flat photographs. You can download Photosynth … Continue reading
Beyond Powerpoint: 8 online tools
Presenters: Robin Ladouceur, Instructional Design Specialist, Instructional Technology Group Pam Patterson, Sr. Instructional Technologist, Instructional Technology Group Robin began with a personal story about Powerpoint, which detailed her frustration and fumbling with the omnipresent Microsoft product, and was one that … Continue reading


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Uttarakhand Experience 6 Nights Package from Marina Holidays
6 Nights and 7 Days Package - Uttarakhand Experience from Marina Holidays
Uttarakhand Experience Tour : 6 night & 7
Travel Plan: Corbett 1 night, Haridwar 1 night, Mussoorie 2 night, Nainital 2 night
|Accommodation Type
|Package Validity ( 1-2-2012 to 31-3-2012 )
|Package Validity ( 1-4-2012 to 17-7-2012 )
|Deluxe Package
|Rs 23401/- per couple
Extra Bed Adult Rs 10944/-
Extra Bed Child Rs 7800/-
|Rs 24915/- per couple
Extra Bed Adult Rs 10736/-
Extra Bed Child Rs 7653/-
|Luxury Package
|Rs 31318/- per couple
Extra Bed Adult Rs 12224/-
Extra Bed Child Rs 7160/-
|Rates on request
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|Rs 12457/- per couple
Extra Bed Adult Rs 5937/-
Extra Bed Child Rs 4249/-
|Rs 16881/- per couple
Extra Bed Adult Rs 7866/-
Extra Bed Child Rs 5634/-
|Hotels and Resorts Details
|Deluxe Hotels
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|Hotel Park View / Similar
|Godwin Hotel / Similar
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|Hotel Hill Queen / Similar
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|Wild Exotica / Similar
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|Hotel Elphinstone / Similar
|Shervani Hilltop / Similar
|Himalaya Hotel / Similar
Marina Holidays Tour Itinerary for Uttarakhand Experience
Day 1 Delhi - Haridwar
Arrival haridwar, Room allotment and Check in - Freshen Up, Buffet Lunch. Visit Mansa Devi Temple. Atop a hill overlooking Haridwar, this temple is dedicated to the goddess mansa. Mansa is one of the forms of Shakti Durga who makes wishes come true. It is connected by a ropeway to the heart of town. Later in the evening visit Har-ki-Pauri. The Main ghat and is supposed to be at the precise spot where the Ganges leaves the mountains and enters the plains. Consequently, the rivers power to wash away sins at this spot is superlative and endorsed by a footprint Vishnu (God of Hindu) left in a stone here. The ghat is on the west bank of a canal through which the Ganges is diverted just to the north. Each evening at sunset priests perform Ganga Aarti (the river worship ceremony) here, when lights are set on the water to drift downstream while priests engage in elaborate rituals. In addition to the main ghat, a series of smaller ghats extends along the canal bank, with large orange and white life-guard towers at intervals to ensure that bathing pilgrims dont get swept away. Return Hotel, Buffet Dinner, Overnight stay at Haridwar
Day 2 Haridwar - Mussoorie
Today we start for Mussoorie. Arrive Mussoorie by evening Room allotment and Check in - Freshen Up Walk over the Mall road to feel the silence and breeze and chill of Mussoorie Over night at Mussoorie
Day 3 Mussoorie
After BFast Start with Lal Tibba. A scenic 5 km uphill walk from Picture Palace to the highest point in Mussoorie. Passes through Landour Bazaar.Old light house is the nice thing to see there. Further to Kempty Falls - about 15 km from Mussoorie, this now over-built spot is a popular tourist destination. Jawahar Aquarium on mall road, very nice collection of fishes. One can enjoy the trolley ride to GUN HILL to view the spelendid view of all the city and ice capped himalaya. Over night at Mussoorie
Day 4 Mussoorie - Corbett
Check out after BFast, Arrive Corbett Park. Room allotment and Check in - Freshen Up Buffet Lunch. Depart for Jhulapul (Jhulapul is a bridge made of Iron rods with Suspension) And sighseeing of Corbett Museum and Girija Temple. Corbett Museum: Corbett Museum is the place where Jim Corbett stayed during winters and the museum has his books like Man Eating Tiger, Man Eating Tiger of Kumaon etc. The museum also offers his personal items like, gun, fishing net, cap, bag and some of his photographs with tigers. Garjia Temple: Garjia Maa Temple is situated in the mid of Kosi River near Ramnagar. The temple holds great importance amongst the locals. Almost every couple who visits Corbett National Park or Ramnagar visits this temple of Garjia Maa to take their blessings.
Back to resort by evening. Evening snacks in main lawn of resort with bonfire on the river side. Buffet Dinner, Overnight stay at Corbett
Day 5 Corbett - Nainital
Early morning rouser(appx 5:30 AM), fresh and wash. Take open Gypsys and depart for Corbett National Parks main jungle to enjoy Corbett Parks wild life in its natural habitat. One naturalist guide will accompany in each jeep(for 3 hours), to define Floras and Faunas of Corbett Park. Back to resort by breakfast time.
Checkout after Breakfast. Enroute visit Corbett Fall also known as Danger fall Arrive Nainital by Lunch - Check in - Freshen Up Local sightseeing - Zoo, Boating, Nainadevi Temple, Ropeway, Tiffin top, visit Tibati Market Over Night at Nainital
Day 6 Nainital
After breakfast go for local sight seen Bhimtal, Naukuchiyatal, hanumangari. Bhimtal is a picturesque little town in the Himalayan foothills of Kumaon. Located 22 km from Nainital at an altitude of 1375m, Bhimtal is named after Bhima, one of the important character int he epic Maharbharata. The town is known for its beautiful lake which is the largest in Nainital district. Bhimtal is the ancient place mentioned in the Hindu epic Mahabharata where Bhima built a huge lake to provide water during the banishment of the Pandavas into the forest. It is also has the old mountain route from Kathhgodam to Kumoan and beyond, going up to Tibet and Nepal. Bhimtal was one of the ancient silk routes from the Far East. Over Night at Nainital
Day 7 Nainital - Delhi
After breakfast Check out Depart for Delhi
- Daily Break Fast And Dinner at respective Hotels/Resort included in above cost
- Child below 5 years is complimentary
- Jeep Safari, Train Fares, Air Fares, Personal expenses are not included
- Meals, Boating, Rope way etc during sightseeing are not included
- Rates are subject to change without prior notice
- Contact for tailor made itineraries
- Transport cost extra


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|8 Nov 2011
|Filing date
|22 Dec 2005
|Priority date
|22 Dec 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Mikael Lagerman
|Original Assignee
|Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (9), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (2), Classifications (12), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The invention refers to a method for a screening device and a screening device, for a cellular communication system comprising a user equipment, UE, in a cellular network.
In the field of mobile communication systems it is known to use mobile telephones (cellular phones) and other devices using means for wireless communication, hereinafter abbreviated UE for User equipment. The UE has an omni directional antenna sending out signals in a spherical pattern to a terrestrial system. The terrestrial system is built up from a number of cells managed by a number of base stations connected to ground antennas covering each cell. The ground antennas are normally not omni directional, but restricted to an azimuth angle giving a horizontal sector and an altitude angle giving a vertical sector.
The UEs communicate with that base station having the best communication parameters for the moment. When the communication parameters are altered for the worse, for example when the UE moves away from the base station and migrates to another cell, the UE moves from the weaker base station to a neighbouring base station with better communication parameters.
Cellular networks are sustained by a pattern of adjacent cells of radio coverage. First generation (1G) systems, such as NMT, AMPS, etc. and second generation (2G) system, such as GSM, utilize different frequencies to separate neighboring cells whereas UMTS using CDMA apply logical coding to achieve cell separation. The 2G systems uses TDMA to separate different users in the cell. The reason for using different frequencies and codes respectively is to minimise interference problems for UEs in neighbouring cells.
However, the numbers of frequencies are limited why the cellular pattern has to be repeated in a larger area, in order to use the same frequency a number of times.
Today there is no method to prevent a mobile from initiating access to any network it has previously been granted access to on a national/operator level. If the home operator has a roaming agreement with an operator in another country the UE may then be able to interconnect anywhere while within radio coverage of that operator's network.
Even without this approval, all GSM UEs, shall be allowed to make emergency calls in any network while within coverage, why some interaction will take place unless measures are made.
There are some situations when a government, the operator of the network or others, like to prevent a UE to interact with the home network or other networks. For example, in order to even out traffic loads; or puncture a cell and force the UE to move to another cell thereby moving the cell boarders; or hinder traffic for reasons of secrecy, for example in a prison or in an aeroplane or in a library, etc. The signal may also be blocked in order to hinder disturbance in other competing networks, for example a client using a different operator.
Therefore, there is a desire for an improved communication control system that can manage communication/traffic between a UE and a base station more effectively.
The invention refers to a screening device for a cellular communication system comprising a user equipment UE in a cellular network. The invention is characterised in that the screening device is arranged to generate a pulsed first signal being matched to screen a control channel in a second signal in the cellular network.
Here "screen" refers to the first signal being transmitted in the same region where the second signal is transmitted such that the first signal is superposed onto at least that part of the second signal comprising the control channel thereby disturbing the information in the control channel. If the information is disturbed the UE cannot read the information and cannot therefore establish a connection.
Here "match" refers to the screening device being fed information on the second signal in the form of duration, effect, repetition interval and position of the control channel in the second signal, and from that information calculating and generating the pulsed first signal with a suitable pulse interval and repetition interval and effect so that the pulsed first signal disturbs the second signal during that time period the control channel is transmitted in the network.
One benefit of the invention is that only a part of the second signal needs to be blocked in order to prevent the UE to establish a connection with the network. Therefore the screening device does not have to be used continuously. On the contrary the screening device generates the first signal in the form of one pulse with a predetermined pulse interval and at a predetermined repetition interval. The predetermined pulse interval and the predetermined repetition interval shall be set such that the control channel is blocked. The screening device thus uses only a fraction of the duration of the second signal. The benefit of the invention thus lies in the screening device being less power consuming and may, for the same power usage, thus be utilised at a higher degree than a continuous screening device by generating a number of different pulses for screening of additional signals from the network.
Another advantage of the invention is that a pulsed first signal contributes as little as possible to the overall back noise. It is desirable to keep the noise at as low level as possible in order to gain as large signal to noise ratio as possible. This means that the network may transmit signals with less effect in order to overcome the noise for the UE to be able to distinguish the signal.
The second signal is generated by a base station, for example a base transceiver station, (hereinafter called BTS). The BTS manages a geographical area often referred to as a cell. In one type of system both the BTS and the UE are transceivers, i.e. each being a device for a two way communication acting as both sender and receiver. However, the screening device may also be used in a one way communication system where the BTS is a sender and the UE is a receiver.
In a GSM based communication system the pulsed first signal has a first effect in a first frequency utilised by the UE and the network. The first effect in the first signal is matched to screen the control channel in the second signal.
In GSM, a frequency band is divided, using a FDMA scheme, into a number of carrier frequencies (also called frequency channels) with 25-30 kHz bandwidth being spaced one from each other by a 200 khz frequency band measured from the apex of the 25-30 KHz bandwidth. Each carrier frequency is then divided in time using a TDMA scheme. This scheme splits the radio channel into 8 time slots. A time slot is the unit of time in a TDMA system, and it lasts approximately 0.577 ms. A TDMA frame is formed with 8 time slots and lasts, consequently, 4.616 ms. Each of the eight time slots, that form a TDMA frame, are then assigned to a single user for traffic. However, in GPRS it is possible for a user to obtain a number of time slots in order to get access to increased data rate. Each TDMA designates one time slot to a control channel in the form of a BCH and designates the rest of the time slots to traffic channels TCH and control channels in the form of CCCH and/or DCCH. It is only the BCH that needs to be disturbed in order to prevent traffic. The BCH burst length is also referred to as a BCH batch. Three different types of BCHs can be distinguished
BCHs are used, by the BTS (here a transceiver), to provide the mobile station with the sufficient information it needs to synchronize with the network. The BCH burst length extends over 5 and ⅛ TDMA frames and consequently 23.657 ms long The BCH burst length is also referred to as a BCH batch. Three different types of BCHs can be distinguished:
In order to prevent GSM traffic it is only necessary to screen frequency channels transmitting any of the BCHs.
Furthermore, theoretically only frequency channels transmitting the BCH batch needs to be screened in order for the receiving UE to be prevented from initiating network connection due to the low quality of the received signal. Theoretically this can be achieved by the screening device being time synchronized with the network and where the first signal has pulse interval of one time slot and a repetition interval being identical to the BCH burst length.
Since the screening device is not necessarily time synchronized with the network, the first signal needs a theoretical minimum pulse interval of 4.616 ms (eight Time Slots) in order to secure screening of one full, or parts of two, BCH Time Slots. With BCH burst length that equals 23.657 ms the screening device must transmit periodically with a period time not exceeding 23.5 ms to secure not to risk any BCH batch to pass through intact.
However, testing has shown an optimal screening effect when the pulse interval in the first signal is at least 7 ms with a repetition interval of maximum 23.5 ms.
Compared to screening the second signal continuously by sending the first signal as a continuous signal interfering with the second signal in its entirety, the present invention uses a duty cycle of 30% compared to continuous screening in order to screen GSM transmission.
The screening device can utilize the silent time of the duty cycle to screen additional frequency channels and thereby increase the screening capability of the screening device by a factor about three compared to continuous screening. A further advantage is that the screening device can use 70% additional effect compared to the continuous screening or, for the same effect as the continuous signal, being 70% less power consuming and thus giving 70% additional useful life when running on battery. One additional advantage is that the 70% power saving gives the possibility to increase the output signal three times with the same useful life as a continuously operated screening device.
Another advantage of the invention is that the source of the screening device will also be more difficult to track and locate due to the intermittent signalling.
One effect of the invention is that the first signal screens the second signal so that the UE cannot establish a communication link and cannot therefore home in on a certain frequency within the frequency band of the second signal.
At present, the 2G GSM frequencies are evenly distributed over the GSM-1800 and over the GSM-1900 bands. A cell normally uses between two and 12 different frequencies.
The invention is not limited to a GSM based system, but may be used on different systems using a second signal with a BCH batch (BCH burst length) different number of time slots with different duration and different number of control channels. The invention must then be adapted by altering the pulse interval and the pulse repetition interval in the first signal accordingly.
For example, the screening device may be used in a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) system using codes to identify connections. The screening device must here be matched to generate a first signal with a pulse length and repetition interval matching the corresponding control channel.
In a CDMA based communication system the first signal is matched to disturb the pilot signal and may comprise a code. The pilot signal in a CDMA based system corresponds to the BCH batch in the TDMA based GSM system. However, in a CDMA based system the BCH batch may be in a different form than the above stated, and the control channel in such a signal is disturbed with a pulsed signal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the screening device is arranged to generate the pulsed first signal with a pulse length being of the same length or at least of the same length as the pulse length of the control channel and with a repetition interval less than the BCH batch for the communication system in question.
In another embodiment of the invention, the screening device is arranged to generate the pulsed first signal with a pulse length being of the same length or at least of the same length as the pulse length of the control channel and with a repetition interval identical to the repetition interval of at least one control channel within a broadcast channel burst length.
In the two latter embodiments, the above mentioned advantages are maintained.
The screening device may be comprised in the BTS transmitting the second signal. The benefit of this solution is that the communication between the UE and the BTS may be controlled by the screening device without any changes being made in the second signal.
The screening device may also be comprised in a second BTS positioned at a distance from the BTS transmitting the second signal. The benefit of this solution is that the second signal may be disturbed in a specific geographical area being less than the operation area of the BTS and the second signal, without any alterations of the UE, the BTS or the second signal. The disturbance controls the communication between the UE and the BTS according to above.
The screening device may comprise a signal detection device that detects the second signal from the network. The information is utilized by the screening device when determining the signal strength and frequency of the first signal. However, the screening device may lack a detection device, but may instead be programmed for certain events, i.e. the first signal has a signal strength and frequency already set for different events. The screening device may then be controlled to use different modes dependent on the event at hand. The screening device may be controlled both manually and automatically.
The screening device may be comprised in a BTS also comprising a signal generator generating a third signal being stronger than the first and the second signal. The third signal is intended to be utilised by the UE in order to establish a dedicated communication link.
The third signal has a predetermined effect in a predetermined frequency band when leaving the BTS so that the ratio between the third signal and the second signal corresponds at least to the minimum requirement for signal to noise ratio accepted by the UE in order to establish a communication link.
The third signal may comprise information intended for the control of the UE. Examples of such information is maximum transfer unit that limits the output effect of the UE and maximum time advance giving the UE information on how large the cell is.
The invention will below be described further in connection to a number of drawings where:
The screening device 1 generates and transmits a first signal S1 from the BTS1. The BTS2 generates and transmits a second signal S2 intended for the UE to receive in order to establish a communication link. The signal generator 2 generates a third signal S3. The UE transmits a fourth signal S4 in an omni directional pattern intended to be used for establishing the communication link between the UE and the BTS2 via the third and fourth signals.
The first signal S1 is intended to screen the second signal S2 to such an extent that the UE cannot establish a communication link with the BTS2. The third signal is identical to the second signal or different, but the third signal is stronger than both the first and the second signal. Since the third signal is stronger, the UE can establish a communication link with BTS 1 via the third and the fourth signal.
However, the invention refers mainly to the screening device and the screening device could therefore be used without the signal generator 2, i.e. without transmitting the third signal. In this embodiment, the UE is hindered from establishing any communication link at all.
Both the BTS1 and the BTS2 transmit signals by use of a transmitting unit (not shown) and receives signals by use of a receiving unit (not shown).
GSM is a TDMA technique with multiple frequency channels. Each frequency channel is divided into a TDMA frame comprising eight time slots, assigned to control channels or traffic channels (half rate or full rate TCH). The control channels comprises BCH and CCCH. Each time slot is 0.577 ms long and the BCH burst length is 5 and ⅛ TDMA frames and consequently 23.657 ms long.
Each TDMA designates one time slot to a control channel in the form of a BCH, CCCH (not shown) or DCCH (not shown) and designates seven time slots as traffic channels TCH. BCH channels are used, by the BTS, to provide the mobile station with the sufficient information it needs to synchronize with the network. The BCH burst length extends over 5 and ⅛ TDMA frames and is consequently 23.657 ms long. The BCH burst length is also referred to as a BCH batch. Three different types of BCHs can be distinguished: the BCCH depicted with the letter B; the SCH depicted with the letter S, and FCCH depicted with the letter F.
In order to prevent GSM traffic it is only necessary to screen frequency channels transmitting any of the BCH.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|24 Jan 1990
|2 Jul 1991
|Harris Corporation
|Low probability of intercept communication system
|17 Dec 2001
|19 Jun 2003
|Nokia Corporation
|Initiating a wireless connection to a broadcast program
|30 Sep 2002
|11 Sep 2003
|Paul Petrus
|Frame structure for radio communications system
|13 May 2003
|4 Dec 2003
|Nortel Networks Limited
|Method of restricting the use of a radio terminal and an associated restriction device
|25 Mar 2005
|29 Sep 2005
|Nec Corporation
|Mobile terminal communication restricting device, method and program
|4 Sep 2007
|20 Dec 2007
|Potts Kevin L
|Rfid shielding devices
|22 Dec 2005
|4 Dec 2008
|Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)
|Airborne Onboard Base Transceiver Station For Mobile Communication
|29 Feb 2008
|3 Sep 2009
|Mingyan Li
|Probabilistic Mitigation of Control Channel Jamming Via Random Key Distribution in Wireless Communications Networks
|29 Oct 2009
|Derosier J David
|Communication device intervention system and method
|Mika Stahlberg "Radio jamming attacks against two popular mobile networks" In H Lipmaa and H Pehu-Lehtonen editors, Proceedings of the Helsinki University of Technology. Seminar on Network Security. Mobile Security. Helsinki University of Technology, Finland 2000 p. 8, line 35-line 39.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|1 Jul 2013
|14 Oct 2014
|Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)
|Airborne onboard base transceiver station for mobile communication
|1 Jul 2013
|31 Oct 2013
|Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)
|Airborne onboard base transceiver station for mobile communication
|U.S. Classification
|455/1, 455/434, 455/68, 455/515
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|22 Oct 2008
Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL), SWEDEN
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|30 Apr 2015
|Fee payment
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Expect a busy day in Greenville with the return of ECU football.
The Pirates take on Appalachian State at Dowdy-Ficklen Stadium at noon. That means busy roadways and an increased police presence in and around the stadium.
The return of football is also good news for area restaurants and hotels with all the people in town.
All the fun kicked off Friday with a busy Freeboot Friday in Uptown Greenville as fans got geared up for Saturday's game.


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I have a brand new house that uses the I-beams for floor joists. I want to frame out my basement but I don't know how to attach them to the I-beam floor joists. I thought you were not allowed to nail into the top or bottom piece of the I-beam. I thought you could only nail into the thin vertical part of the beam. Help?
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If you desire to study God's Word but you are not able to attend Carmel Bible College, our correspondence school is for you.
2 Timothy 2:15 instructs us to be diligent to present ourselves approved to God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed. The Study of God's word is of paramount importance to us as Christians. If you desire to study the Word but are unable to attend Bible College full time, then our Correspondence school is just for you!
You will be able to learn at your own pace in your own home. This Correspondence course will enable you to grow in the Word of Faith as you study God's Word and His promises to you.
The registration fee of £40 is to be paid with your application. The cost of a 15 lecture module is £57 and the cost of a 23 lecture module is £87. This includes all the required reading books, postage and exam fees. International costs will vary based on postage.
A certificate will be awarded on the completion of the course consisting of the above mentioned modules.
Correspondence Subjects:
- Life of Faith
- Understanding Deliverance
- One Flesh
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- Keys to Kingdom Character
- Renewing the Mind
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- Writings of Moses
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