text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|27 Sep 1994
|Filing date
|3 Mar 1993
|Priority date
|25 Jul 1991
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Vance A. Chase, Thomas S. Scarpati
|Original Assignee
|United Technologies Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (35), Classifications (26), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 07/735,501 filed Jul. 25, 1991, which is presently under a secrecy order.
This invention relates to an all-composite product including two or more composite members joined by a composite hinge, and in which the composite parts and hinge or hinges are fabricated simultaneously.
In the past, when composite parts had to be joined through a hinge connection so as to be pivotable about that hinge with respect to one another, it was common practice to use a conventional metal hinge of the piano hinge variety. The disadvantage of using such a metallic hinge rather than a composite hinge is increased weight, reduced strength, high manufacturing cost, possible interference with electrical system requirements, increased radar signature, the requirement that the metal hinge be made separately from the composite parts, and the requirement for drilling, fastening or bonding the metallic hinge to the composite parts which it joins. This drilling and fastener type connection between the metallic hinge and the composite part is unsatisfactory because of the low bearing strength of composites.
While injection molded thermoplastic hinges are presently available of the same design as the prior art metal piano-type hinges, these thermoplastic hinges are not compatible with the epoxy resin composites used throughout many industries today, are low in strength, have limited service capability, and are not capable of joining the two composite structures during the manufacturing process. These thermoplastic hinges must also be fabricated separately, and separately fastened to the composite members being joined in the same fashion that the metal hinges require such separate fastening.
It is therefore an object of this invention to teach a composite hinge that offers advantages over the prior art hinges of lower weight, higher strength, lower manufacturing cost, reduced radar signature, and compatibility with electrical system requirements.
It is a further object of this invention to teach such a composite hinge which joins two composite parts in a single fabrication process which fabricates the two composite parts and the composite hinge simultaneously.
It is a further object of this invention to teach an all-composite article of manufacture, and the method of manufacturing same, which comprises at least two composite members of any selected shape capable of being pivotally connected and a composite hinge joining the two composite members, such that the two composite members and the hinge are fabricated in a single process.
It is still a further object of this invention to teach such an all-composite article of manufacture in which at least one ply of fabric made of high tensile strength fibers extends between the two composite parts to be hinge joined, and wherein means are provided to prevent wet-out and adhesion by the composite members resin matrix to these plies at the hinge area during the curing process.
It is still a further object of this invention to teach such an all-composite article comprising two composite members joined by a composite hinge and including a plurality of plies made of high tensile strength fiber extending continuously for substantially the full width and length of each composite part being hinge joined and forming the composite hinge. An appropriate flexible material, such as silicone rubber, is used to coat and impregnate the composite plies forming the composite hinge so as to both add flexibility to the hinge and to prevent the resin of the composite members resin matrix from adhering to the plies at the hinge area during the curing process.
It is a further object of this invention to teach the method of forming a hinged composite product by laying up plies which have suitable treatment at the hinge area to provide flexibility and to prevent resin adhering to the fibers of the plies in the hinge area. While such plies may be of one-piece construction, if the size of the product being so fabricated is sufficiently large that it is necessary to make the plies of more than one piece, then the number of plies forming the hinge and the distance that these hinge plies extend into the composite members is determined by the strength requirements of the hinged design.
It is still a further object of this invention to teach the method of manufacturing such an all-composite part including at least two composite members joined by an all-composite hinge. The product is fabricated by laying up plies of fiber reinforcement made of high tensile strength materials such as glass, aramid and carbon, which plies are either laid-up dry or resin impregnated, and which plies define the dimensions of the two composite parts to be hinge joined. At least some of the plies extend continuously across the hinge area and into both composite members to be joined by the composite hinge. A protective material is applied to the plies at the hinge area thereof to add flexibility thereto and to prevent the adhesion of resin thereto during the curing process. Finally either curing the protective material by itself or concurring the protective material with the composite members and the composite hinge.
It is still a further object of this invention to teach such an all-composite article in which the protecting material is applied to the hinge portion of the composite article either by brush, squeegee, spray, tape or other suitable method such that it fully impregnates the hinge portion of the ply or plies when cured.
It is still a further object of this invention to teach such an all-composite part in which the protecting material for the hinge portion is chosen from the group of materials consisting of RTV silicone rubber, unvulcanized rubber, and thermoplastic elastomer.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in light of the following description thereof.
FIG. 1 is a top view of our all-composite article including two rigid composite members joined through our flexible hinge.
FIG. 2 is a section taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is partial cross sectional showing corresponding to FIG. 2 but showing a more flexible composite hinge pivotally joining rigid composite members.
FIG. 4 corresponds to FIGS. 2 and 3 but is a cross sectional showing of a preferred embodiment of our all-composite article including two rigid members joined through a flexible hinge.
FIG. 5 is a top view of one of the plies used in laying up the construction shown in FIG. 4 to illustrate the application of the protective material thereto.
FIGS. 6 and 7 correspond to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, but illustrate constructions in which one or more of the plies are of multi-piece construction.
Referring to FIG. 1 we see all-composite article or product 10 which comprises rigid composite members 12 and 14 pivotally joined through an all-composite hinge 16. For purposes of simplification of explanation, composite article 10 is shown as two rectangular panel members 12 and 14 joined through a composite hinge, however, article 10 could comprise two composite members of any shape capable of pivotal action about a hinge with respect to each other. Further, a series of such composite parts could be joined by a plurality of such composite hinges. Our hinge may be used in composite articles quite as simple as a hinged storage compartment door in a helicopter pilot compartment, and also on complex articles such as aerodynamic control surfaces on missiles and aircraft.
As shown in FIG. 2, article 10 includes a plurality of plies of fiber material made of high tensile strength fibers such as fiber glass, aramid and carbon, such as 18 and 20, which are laid-up successively to form composite members 12 and 14. Plies 18 and 20 may be preimpregnated with a resin or other suitable material to form a matrix for the plies following curing, or may be laid-up dry with the matrix material being applied thereto by resin injection molding (RTM) or otherwise following lay up and prior to the curing process. Still viewing FIG. 2 we see that outer plies 22 and 24 preferably extend for the full width W14 of composite member 14, across the full width W16 of the composite hinge 16 and then continue for the substantially the full width W12 of composite member 12. Plies 22 and 24, as well as plies such as 18 and 20, preferably also extend for the full length L12 and L14 of members 12 and 14. In this fashion, the plies define the final shape of members 12 and 14 when cured.
As used and claimed herein, a ply of high tensile strength fibers is a single layer of high tensile strength fibers which may all be extending in a single direction, or one or more groups of such fibers extending in a variety of different directions such as 0�, +45�, -45�, or other angular direction, or the fibers may be woven, or in a combination of any of the directional or woven conditions described above, and may be of one piece construction or a plurality of joined pieces.
While in the FIG. 1 and 2 construction, the central plies such as 18 and 20 can be laid-up either prepreg or dry, it is desirable that the top and bottom plies 22 and 24 be laid-up dry with the protective material 26 and 28 applied to the hinge portion of plies 22 and 24 before lay up.
Prior to ply lay up, a protective, flexible material, such as silicone rubber or thermoplastic elastomer, shown at 26, and 28, is used to impregnate the outer plies 22 and 24, respectively, at the hinge area, to prevent wet-out and adhesion of the resin matrix of members 12 and 14 to the hinge portion of plies 22 and 24 during the curing process. While the protective material shown at 26 and 28 in FIG. 2 is illustrated as separate from the outer plies 22 and 24, this is purely for purposes of illustration and it will be understood that following curing, the protective material shown at 26 and 28 is preferably fully impregnated into plies 22, 24. This is also true of the showing of the protective layers shown in subsequent figures and it must be borne in mind that in the final product following curing, the protective material is fully impregnated into the appropriate plies. It will be noted that the fiber impregnating protective material 26 and 28 extends for the full desired width W16 and length L16 of the composite joint 16. We have found that when the inner plies such as 18 and 20 are laid-up prepreg, that is, with the resin matrix material previously impregnated into the fiber reinforcement material, it is not necessary to apply resin to the portions of the outer plies 22 and 24 which form part of rigid members 12 and 14 since the resin in the prepreg plies is sufficient to fully wet-out the unprotected portions of the outer plies 22 and 24. On the other hand, if all plies are laid-up dry, all plies will be resin impregnated following lay up with the hinge portions of the outer plies 22 and 24 previously treated with protective material. It is important to note that the protective materials, such as 26 and 28, must always be applied to the plies prior to the application of the resin matrix material at the hinge portion of the plies.
A compressible, resilient, insert 30, preferably made of an elastomeric foam material and sized to be received snugly between the facing surfaces 27 and 29 of members 12 and 14 and inboard of protected outer plies 22 and 24 and serves the function of adding flexibility to composite hinge 16.
It is necessary to fully impregnate outer fiber layers 22 and 24 with the protective material shown at 26 and 28 at the hinge area 16 prior to lay up. This may be accomplished by impregnating with RTV silicone rubber and allowing the protecting material to cure at room temperature. In the alternative, strips of elastomeric thermoplastic tape may be laid on the reinforcement fibers in the desired location and impregnation thereof accomplished under heat and pressure.
To prevent delamination between the plies such as 18 and 22 of composite members 12 and 14 adjacent the composite hinge 16, stitches of high tensile strength thread, which may be made of fibers such as fiberglass, aramid or carbon, stitch the plies together as shown at 32 and 34 so as to prevent delamination of the plies and hence add stability to the flexible hinge 16. Stitches 32 and 34 preferably form a row which is parallel and adjacent to the facing surfaces 27 and 29 of members 12 and 14.
When all-composite article 10 is fully laid-up, and with protective impregnation at areas 26 and 28 applied, and including compressible insert 30 and stitches 32 and 34, the unit is cured. In the curing process, article 10 is preferably vacuum bagged and placed in an autoclave in the case of prepreg material, or in a mold where resin is injected in the case of a dry fiber lay up. A typical cure involves a temperature of 350� F. and 50 psi.
With the all-composite article 10 constructed as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, following the curing process, rigid composite members 12 and 14 may be moved pivotably with respect to one another about composite hinge 16 to a degree determined by the flexibility of hinge 16.
For composite articles requiring a high degree of flexibility between the two composite members which are joined through the composite hinge, the article may be fabricated as shown in cross section in FIG. 3 in which all-composite article 36 includes rigid composite members 38 and 40 joined pivotally by flexible composite hinge 42. While the FIG. 3 construction is shown in cross-section, it is otherwise shaped as the FIGS. 1 and 2 articles. In the FIG. 3 preferred embodiment construction, not only outer plies 44 and 46 extend for substantially the full width and length of composite member 36 and form part of hinge 42, but also at least one additional ply 48 extends substantially for the full length and width of composite members 36, including 38 and 40 and hinge 42. It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the width of the plies may be varied as a function of the strength requirements and the producability requirements of the product under construction. As in the FIG. 1 and 2 construction, the plies such as 44, 46 and 48 which will form hinge 42 must be laid-up dry so that the protective material will be applied directly thereto, as described hereinafter. Similarly as in the FIG. 1 and 2 construction, the remainder of the plies can be laid-up prepreg or dry.
In the FIG. 3 construction, compressible, resilient, inserts 50 and 52 are sized to be snugly received between the facing surfaces 53 and 55 of members 38 and 40 and between plies 42 and 48 and 48 and 52, respectively. Again the compressible members 50 and 52 may be made of elastomers. In the FIG. 3 construction fiber stitching of the type described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 occurs not only at stations 54 and 56 at the joined ends of members 36 and 40 but also at several stations, such as 58, along joint 42. This fiber stitching not only prevents delamination of the laminates of members 38 and 40 but also provides lateral stability to the flexible joint 42. Impregnation of protective material 60 is applied to outer layer 44 and a similar impregnation of protective material 62 is applied to outer layer 46. Similar impregnation of protective material shown at 61 and 63 is applied to ply 48. The impregnated protective material 60-63 is applied while layers or plies 44, 46 and 48 are dry before the ply lay-up process. As in the FIG. 2 construction, for purposes of illustration, protective material 60-63 is shown as separate from the plies into which they are to be impregnated, however, it should be understood that the protective material at 60-63 is fully impregnated into the hinge area of the plies extending across the hinge area prior to the application of a resin matrix material and ply lay up. Similarly, as in the FIGS. 1 and 2 construction, the inner plies can be laid-up prepreg or dry for later impregnation. The impregnated protective material 60-63, cover the full dimension of plies 48, 44 and 46 at joint 42 to prevent the intrusion of the resin from the composite members 38 and 40 thereinto during the curing process. Again, as in the FIGS. 1 and 2 construction, the compressible inserts 50 and 52 add flexibility to joint 42, while the protective material at 60-63 covering plies 48, 46 and 44 at joint 42 prevent the adhesion of resin or other matrix material to layers 48, 46 and 44 during the curing process, since such adhesion would reduce the flexibility of joint 42. It will be evident in view of the greater width W42 of hinge 42 that, assuming the inserts 50 and 52 of the FIG. 3 construction are of the same material as insert 30 of the FIG. 1 and 2 construction, that hinge 42 will provide greater flexibility and hence pivotal motion between the hinged composite members 38 and 40.
Our preferred embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in which all-composite member 64 comprises rigid composite members 66 and 68 joined through flexible hinge 70. The FIG. 4 all-composite article 64 comprises a plurality of laid-up plies, such as 72 and 74, which extend preferably for substantially the full length and width of member 64, that may vary depending upon product requirements. Each of the plies shown in the FIG. 4 construction therefore extends into and preferably across members 66 and 68 and across hinge 70 in this fashion. These plies, when cured, define the shape of article 64.
It is an important teaching of this invention that in fabricating the FIGS. 4 and 5 construction, that protective material, which can be unvulcanized rubber or thermoplastic elastomer, is laid as shown in FIG. 5 laterally across each ply such as 74. Protective material 76 is preferably in tape form or paste such that the distance that it extends along the width W70 of the FIG. 4 construction can be readily controlled.
In the FIG. 4 construction, all plies, such as 72 and 74 are preferably laid-up dry with tape 76 of protective material adhering thereto, and preferably in staggered formation as shown in FIG. 4 so as to enhance hinge flexibility and minimize stress concentrations. With the various plies so laid-up, the protective material 76 is cured, at room temperature in the case of RTU silicone, and under heat and pressure such as in a vacuum bag and within an autoclave for thermoplastic elastomers or high temperature vulcanizing rubbers. The temperature and pressure shall be such that the protective material of tape 76 fully impregnates and joins the plies in the full area of hinge 70. Due to this full impregnation, no increased thickness is caused in member 64 at hinge 70.
With protective material 76 so cured so as to fully impregnate all plies at joint 70, the entire composite part 64 is cured preferably using a resin transfer molding process as the method of impregnating resin into the laid-up plies, such as 72 and 74, prior to or during the curing process of member 64. During final curing, member 64 is placed in an appropriately shaped mold to define the desired final shape of article 64, and then cured under heat and pressure, preferably under pressure of 1-50 psi and at room temperature to 350� F. to perform the desired molding process. This curing process results in an all-composite article including rigid members 66 and 68 joined through hinge 70, which is integral therewith.
If the resin transfer molding process is used, unimpregnated continuous fiber plies, fiber mat, foam, precured details and the like, are placed into a matched die mold. This assembly is subsequently injected with a matrix resin at elevated temperature. The part is then raised at a higher temperature and cured.
While the type of material used as the plies, the resin, and the protective material will vary depending upon the purpose to which the hinged composite article is to be put and the environment in which it is to be used, we have found that the following materials were quite suitable for our purpose. Our preferred plies are made of aramid fiber or fabric made by E. I. Dupont and sold as Kevlar�, the protective material is preferably a thermoplastic elastomer made by Dow Chemical Co., and identified as Pellethane� polyurethane elastomer, the resin matrix material is preferably an epoxy made by Dow Chemical Co., and identified as Tactic 123, and the compressible, resilient inserts are preferably made of silicone foam rubber, sold by General Electric Co.
When the composite hinged product being fabricated is of substantial size, it may be necessary to use more than one piece of a high tensile strength fiber material to form the various plies of the product. FIGS. 6 and 7 show embodiments in which more than one piece of high tensile strength fiber material is used to produce a ply or a series of plies of that material.
Viewing FIG. 6, we see the all-composite hinged product 80 consisting of rigid composite members 82, 84 joined through composite hinge 86. In this construction, the plies such as 88, 90 of hinge 86 overlap the plies, such as 92, 94 of composite member 82, and similarly overlap plies such as 96, 98 of composite member 84. It is important in the FIG. 6 construction that the overlap distance L between the hinge plies, such as 88, 90, and the composite member plies 92-98 is such that the shear load required to pull the hinge ply out from between the plies of the composite members is greater than the tensile strength of the ply. As in the previously described constructions, the ply portion of the hinge which will serve as the hinge is previously coated and fully impregnated with the protective elastomeric material prior to ply lay up and compressible inserts such as 100, are preferably placed between the hinge plies as in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 constructions. In FIG. 6 construction, it will be evident that the overlapping of the hinge plies with the composite part plies will cause the finished product to be of greater thickness in the area of overlapping than in the area outboard thereof. The length of the hinge plies, such as 88, 90 may, however, be varied to effect an appropriate taper. In the FIG. 6 construction, the number of hinge plies and the distance that these plies extend and overlap the plies of the composite members will be a function of the strength requirements of the hinge design.
FIG. 7 illustrates a construction in which more than one piece of high tensile strength material is used to form each ply and which is of uniform composite thickness. In the FIG. 7 construction, composite member 102 is joined to composite member 104 through composite joint 106 to form hinged all composite product 107. It would be noted in the FIG. 7 construction that each ply, such as top ply 108 is formed by butt joining plies 110 and 112 of composite members 102 and 104 to hinge ply 114 of hinge 106. Gaps 116 and 118, respectively, exist between composite member plies 110 and 112 and hinge ply 114. Similar gaps occur as illustrated in FIG. 7 in the other plies. It is important in this construction that the gaps in adjacent plies should be spaced such as illustrated as L1 between gaps 116 and 120, a sufficient distance so that the load-to-shear out of any single ply from the two adjacent plies is equal to or greater than the tensile breaking load for that ply.
In the multiple piece ply construction shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the portion of the ply which defines the hinge area must extend into the members 12 and 14 a distance required by the part configuration and the strength requirements of the part being fabricated.
The all-composite hinge products produced utilizing the FIG. 6 and 7 construction are preferably made of the same materials and cured in the same fashion as the products produced by the earlier disclosed FIGS. 1-5 constructions so that the description of the curing process will not be repeated.
It will be evident that in the FIG. 7 construction, an all-composite member is formed of a uniform thickness by utilizing the staggered butt joint construction between the portions of the various plies.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|27 Dec 1968
|9 Nov 1971
|Strati France Sa
|Method of joining adjacent sheets of elastomeric material on a support structure
|25 Feb 1980
|24 Mar 1981
|Goodyear Aerospace Corporation
|Seal splice
|6 Sep 1979
|21 Jul 1981
|Morrison Company, Inc.
|Process of making a belting joint
|2 Dec 1981
|16 Aug 1983
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Spliced web and method for forming a splice
|14 Sep 1984
|5 Nov 1985
|Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd.
|Glass cloth with thin reinforced joints
|20 Mar 1985
|14 Jan 1986
|The B. F. Goodrich Company
|Belt and method of splicing the same
|13 Sep 1984
|14 Jan 1986
|The Boeing Company
|Multiple lap-joint for thermoplastic laminates
|23 May 1984
|11 Feb 1986
|Toray Silicone Company, Ltd.
|Jointed, reinforced, elastomer-coated fabric material
|30 Oct 1987
|12 Dec 1989
|Packaging Industries Group, Inc.
|Plastic hinge, hinged material, and method for hinging
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|14 Jan 1994
|7 Nov 1995
|Erland; Robert K.
|Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composite hinge
|13 May 1999
|12 Jun 2001
|Vought Aircraft Industries, Inc.
|Method for fabricating composite structures
|1 Dec 1998
|24 Jul 2001
|Board Of Regents, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln
|Delamination resistant composites prepared by small diameter fiber reinforcement at ply interfaces
|29 May 1997
|19 Feb 2002
|Bridgestone Corporation
|Method of manufacturing rubber weir main body
|15 Sep 2000
|5 Nov 2002
|Advanced Technology Institute Of Commuter Helicopter, Ltd.
|Flap hinge mechanism, method for manufacturing the same, and flap hinge apparatus
|28 Dec 2000
|20 May 2003
|Vought Aircraft Industries, Inc.
|Apparatus for fabricating composite structures
|9 Feb 2001
|13 Apr 2004
|Multimatic, Inc.
|Pivotless automotive hinge
|20 Jan 2003
|16 Sep 2008
|Airbus Deutschland Gmbh
|Joint for connecting components together on opposite longitudinal sides in addition to a flexible strip used for said joint
|20 Jan 2003
|18 Nov 2008
|Airbus Deutschland Gmbh
|Joint for connecting a longitudinal side to an upper side of components and flexible strip for use in such a joint
|30 Sep 2008
|8 Mar 2011
|Airbus Deutschland Gmbh
|Joint for connecting a longitudinal side to an upper side of components and flexible strip for use in such a joint
|29 Jul 2011
|4 Jun 2013
|United Technologies Corporation
|Bond and stitch repair for delaminated composite
|22 Oct 2012
|24 Dec 2013
|The Boeing Company
|Compaction of prepreg plies on composite laminate structures
|21 Apr 2010
|29 Apr 2014
|The Boeing Company
|Leak detection in vacuum bags
|28 Aug 2008
|17 Jun 2014
|The Boeing Company
|Method of fabricating structures using composite modules and structures made thereby
|7 Dec 2007
|23 Dec 2014
|The Boeing Company
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|27 Apr 2010
|20 Jan 2015
|The Boeing Company
|Method for forming and applying composite layups having complex geometries
|24 Sep 2009
|7 Apr 2015
|Centre National D'etudes Spatiales (Cnes)
|Device comprising at least one built-in composite material hinge having an uninterrupted connecting reinforcement
|10 Apr 2013
|26 May 2015
|Automobili Lamborghini S.P.A
|Hinge in composite material and process for its manufacture
|13 May 2013
|2 Jun 2015
|The Boeing Company
|Leak detection in vacuum bags
|15 Mar 2013
|8 Dec 2015
|Ann Livingston-Peters
|Composite structure with a flexible section forming a hinge
|20 Jan 2003
|11 Aug 2005
|Airbus Deutschland Gmbh
|Joint for connecting a longitudinal side to an upper side of components and flexible strip for use in such a joint
|7 Apr 2005
|12 Oct 2006
|Reid Robert A
|Doctor blade holder
|3 Aug 2007
|7 Feb 2008
|Mack Patrick E
|Integral Composite Piano Hinge, Composite, Assemblies With An Integral Piano Hinge, And Methods Of Manufacture
|30 Sep 2008
|19 Feb 2009
|Airbus Deutschland Gmbh
|Joint for connecting a longitudinal side to an upper side of components and flexible strip for use in such a joint
|28 Aug 2008
|11 Jun 2009
|The Boeing Company
|Method of Fabricating Structures Using Composite Modules and Structures Made Thereby
|24 Sep 2009
|21 Jul 2011
|Centre National D'etudes Spatiales (Cnes)
|Device comprising at least one built-in composite material hinge having an uninterrupted connecting reinforcement
|10 Apr 2013
|19 Feb 2015
|Automobili Lamborghini S.P.A.
|Hinge in composite material and process for its manufacture
|12 Mar 2007
|29 May 2013
|Eurocopter Deutschland Gmbh
|Drillelastisches und biegesteifes Stabelement zum Lagern und F�hren einer beweglichen Klappe gegen�ber einem Fl�gel eines Luftfahrzeugs
|22 Apr 1998
|4 Nov 1998
|DORNIER GmbH
|Hinge for space applications
|18 Sep 2000
|21 Mar 2001
|Advanced Technology Institute of Commuter-Helicopter, Ltd.
|Flap hinge mechanism and method for manufacturing the same
|9 Feb 2001
|16 Aug 2001
|Multimatic Inc.
|Pivotless automotive hinge
|28 Aug 2009
|8 Jun 2011
|The Boeing Company
|Method of fabricating structures using composite modules and structures made thereby
|28 Aug 2009
|12 Aug 2015
|The Boeing Company
|Method of fabricating structures using composite modules and structures made thereby
|20 Jan 2003
|31 Jul 2003
|Airbus Deutschland Gmbh
|Joint for connecting a longitudinal side to an upper side of components and flexible strip for use in such a joint
|24 Sep 2009
|1 Apr 2010
|Centre National D'etudes Spatiales (Cnes)
|Device comprising at least one built-in composite material hinge having an uninterrupted connecting reinforcement
|U.S. Classification
|428/53, 428/77, 428/190, 428/78, 428/102, 428/60, 428/902, 428/54, 428/57, 428/58, 428/188
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|11 Aug 1998
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|27 Sep 1998
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|8 Dec 1998
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19980927


text:
Hello. My 05 Galant is having a problem. The majority of the system was replaced about 8 months ago. including compressor. What's happening is every so often, what I believe to be the A/C pressure cut-of switch. blows the oil out of the system. And the compressor doesn't engage like it should. I had the system charged and system worked perfectly for a week and then the pressure switch blew again and system started to work sporadically. Does that the switch is bad or that the compressor is bad, or another problem all together. Any help would be appreciated.
by Shaolin808 in Saint Louis, MO on May 05, 2010

subset: commoncrawl


text:
- 28Promote
Tote Bag
Outbreak in New Yorkby Geekleetist
Our quality crafted Tote Bags are hand sewn in America using durable, yet lightweight, poly poplin fabric. All seams and stress points are double stitched for durability. Available in 13" x 13", 16" x 16" and 18" x 18" variations, the tote bags are washable, feature original artwork on both sides and a sturdy 1" wide cotton webbing strap for comfortably carrying over your shoulder.
Originally a hand pulled screen print for "Endoplasmic Residue" a fun art show that was held in Athens, GA.


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Search Opportunities
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English as a Second Language Tutors
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INSTRUCTIONS: references and educational background information is required. Incomplete applications will not be accepted.
"Not being able to read is like being in prison, because if you can't read, you're not free." Literacy Program Student.
Think of all the things you couldn't do if you didn't possess the gift of literacy: read the warning labels on medicine bottles, interpret traffic signs, fill out a job application, follow a recipe, or read to a child.
The LifeWorks Literacy Programs seek tutors to work with our English as a Second Language (ESL) students.
Classes meet M/W or T/TH, and tutors may teach both weekly sessions or opt to "co-tutor" and teach one day per week. Sessions meet at the LifeWorks East Community Center located at 835 Pleasant Valley Rd We offer morning (10am-noon), afternoon (12:30pm-2:30pm), and evening (6:30pm-8:30pm) sessions. Tutors are asked to make a 6 month minimum commitment.
We welcome all volunteers aged 18 and up. The only required skills are motivation, energy, and patience. Because all tutors are provided with an orientation and 12 hours of pre-service training, no prior experience is required. Knowledge of a language other than English is not necessary. For upcoming orientation and training dates, please contact Natasha Brockington at 512-735-2155 or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
2015 Orientation Dates: 1/15, 3/12, 5/14 at 6:00pm. Can also schedule individually.
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text:
Shifting trouble
I have a 2002 wrangler that will not go in gear or shift with engine running. goes through all the gears just fine when off. i just replaced the clutch slave cylinder and there is no way to bleed the system. any suggestions?? it just turned 90k so i wouldnt think the clutch would be out yet????
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The Fall 2016 housing application are now available for incoming accepted first year, graduate and transfer students and for former residents returning for the fall semester. We send accepted first-year and transfer students a postcard inviting them to apply for housing once they are accepted to the University of Maine. This process began in late January and is ongoing.
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Students who have checked in to the residence hall, cancel room and board and remain students at the University of Maine will be charged for room and board at the per diem rate plus a $150.00 room cancellation fee. For the first four weeks of the semester, board charges will be calculated by the value of the meal plan consumed or the per diem rate, whichever is greater; an administrative fee of $150, and $500 in dining funds for use in any campus dining facility during the remainder of the academic year. The balance of the meal plan fee will be credited to the student account. After the first four weeks of the semester, board cancellation fees include: board charges calculated at the per diem rate or value of the meal plan consumed, whichever is greater; an administrative fee of $150, and the balance of the meal plan will be converted to dining funds for use in any campus dining facility through the end of the academic year.The remainder of the paid room fee will be credited to the student account.
Students who withdraw from the University will not be charged a cancellation fee. If a student withdraws from the University after checking in to the residence hall, per diem board charges will apply. The withdrawal room refund schedule is as follows:
Fall and Spring Academic Terms:
Withdrawal prior to the end of the second week (14 days) 100%
Withdrawal prior to the end of the fourth week (28 days) 75%
Withdrawal prior to the end of the sixth week (42 days) 50%
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Withdrawal after the eighth week (57 days and after) 0%
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The University of Maine provides on-campus housing in 17 residence halls. Options include traditional undergraduate residence halls for first year and upperclass residents, suite style living for upperclass residents, graduate housing, and several living/learning lifestyle options.
For Fall 2016-Spring 2017:
The First Year Experience (FYE) program is for first year students assigned to the following halls:
Traditional housing halls for upperclass students
For Fall 2016, halls will open on Friday, August 26 for new and incoming transfer students. Halls will open for returning students on Sunday, August 28 at 10am.
What to Bring ,What Not to Bring to Campus
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Students who present with physical or psychological disabilities that are documented by a qualified medical provider may request special housing/dining accommodations by following the Housing Meal Plan Modifications Procedure revised 11-6-14. To request accommodations please contact Disability Support Services, and submit to them the completed Housing Doc of Need Form revised 07-02-2015 , voice 207.581.2319 e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com, fax 207 581-9420.
MicroFridge® (combination microwave & refrigerator)
The MicroFridge® Appliance is approved for use in University of Maine residence halls. This is the only option if you would like BOTH a microwave and a refrigerator for your on-campus room. For more information and to rent or buy a MicroFridge®, please visit the UMaine-approved University Logistics website.
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Click on a thumbnail to go to Google Books.
Where the Pirates Arrgh! (SpongeBob SquarePants) (Little Golden Book)
by Melissa Wygand
No current Talk conversations about this book.
No reviews
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English
Amazon.com Product Description (ISBN 0307981746, Hardcover)Yo-ho-ho! Nickelodeon's SpongeBob SquarePants and his first mate Patrick are searching for lost pirate treasure in this all-new Little Golden Book that is sure to thrill boys ages 2-5.
(retrieved from Amazon Thu, 12 Mar 2015 18:12:59 -0400)
Spongebob Squarepants and his best friend, Patrick, search for lost pirate treasure.
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Junior Member
Last Activity: 6th August 2013 08:12 PM
Most Thanked
Post Summary
Don't you just hate when you have to go to google play after an app has been updated in order to view the release notes? I do! Thats why I created this app the help keep track on release notes when an app is installed or updated. Install What'...
Like the idea a lot! :) (and the app, of course) Is there a way to see the last update date that's shown at the Play Store? I just released v0.8 with that function
Does it also show update change logs of NOT yet installed updates? (I like to read FIRST update log before updating them).. No it does not. But it's great idea for the next version!


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Prosecutors have filed felony charges against a Vancouver woman for allegedly helping her husband flee a crash while his passenger was left severely injured at the scene. The passenger died a week later in a hospital.
Sarah Dawn Graham, 37, has been summoned to appear in Clark County Superior Court on Feb. 28 on charges of felony hit and run, rendering criminal assistance and making a false statement to a public servant.
The charges relate to an Oct. 16, 2010, incident in Amboy in which Graham's husband, Jason Brock Graham, 37, was accused of driving recklessly when he lost control of the car and hit a tree. His passenger, Harold Sloan Blanchard, 27, was injured and left trapped in the car.
Jason Graham is already charged with vehicular homicide and felony hit and run. His trial is scheduled for Feb. 27.
The crash occurred on Northeast Cedar Creek Road near Pup Creek Road. Earlier, a deputy saw Jason Graham making a reckless, high-speed pass, according to court documents.
In court papers filed Monday, prosecutors said that following the crash, Jason Graham left the scene on foot before paramedics and deputies arrived. He called his wife from his cellphone to pick him up.
When Sarah Graham drove into the area, she was stopped by a sheriff's deputy, who told her she needed to take a detour because of the crash scene. During the conversation, court papers allege, she told the deputy she was visiting friends in the area.
She picked her husband up east of the crash scene and drove him to a nearby hospital, where he was put under observation for possible injuries. He was met by deputies and allegedly admitted to not contacting emergency personnel following the crash, according to court papers.
"Neither Jason nor Sarah Graham ever contacted 911 or EMS personnel to report the collision or Jason's involvement in the collision," Deputy Prosecutor Gene Pearce wrote in his court summons.
Family members have said Blanchard was Jason Graham's good friend.
Laura McVicker: www.twitter.com/col_courts; www.facebook.com/reportermcvicker; email@example.com; 360-735-4516.


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The Carbon Fiber Butterfly is the world's lightest RC Plane. Between its transparent plastic wings, the carbon fiber skeleton, the prop, controller chip, drivetrain and rudder, it weighs 3.6 grams. That's less than a sheet of paper.
The motor and 5:1 gearbox are Swiss made, and the rudder actuator is sensitive to 64-steps, allowing 180-degree turns within a 12-foot-wide room. And the battery pack is a dot-sized 30Mah Lithium ion that docks on the 2-channel remote. The prop? Carbon fiber, of course.
How does it fly? I won't lie, I'm going to use the included simulator software before I try piloting this $300 plane in my house. But after the gallery, there's a video. More on my maiden flight, later, after flight school.
Video after the jump...as soon as youtube gets its shit together.
Carbon Butterfly [Gizmodo]


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We are glad to bring you to Audiko, where you may aquire the best ringtones for your phone. Today we have a ringtone of "If You Want Me" by Glen Hansard as well as 106 other ringtones by Glen Hansard. "If You Want Me" is the best track from the "Once" album that was produced by Glen Hansard at their recording studio together with other 17 tracks. You can listen to all 7 Glen Hansard – "If You Want Me" ringtone variations available here and download it for free right to your phone. You can also look at other 2 albums produced by Glen Hansard for all time. "If You Want Me" is referred to Singer-Songwriter, and you can download a huge amount of Singer-Songwriter tracks absolutely for free. And finally, we have collected lyrics for this track and you can view it here as well. So feel free to browse, listen, download ringtones at Audiko.net. Make your phone sound cool!
Glen Hansard - If You Want Me
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- Unknown - G-Eazy X Bebe Rexha - Me, Myself & I
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- Crazy Horse; Neil Young - The Old Country Waltz
- Bagad de Beuzec - Bagad Beuzec


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1 Park near Battlement Mesa, Colorado
Collbran, Colorado 15.78 miles SE
New Castle, Colorado 25.65 miles NE
Battlement Mesa, Colorado (map) | (970) 285-9740
Sites: 200+ | Latest Rate: $26.00 | 1 Reviews
|Clean Restrooms:
|Clean Showers:
Oct 2015 - $26.00
Stayed here for about 10 days. Campground is quiet and the electrical does not work at several sites, so check power before setting up. This park was expanded for all the oilfield workers during the boom. Now the boom is over and they seem to be trying to make it a nice park again after neglecting it for several years. Our site was paved and pretty level. Plenty of room to set up. The laundry is ok. Equipment is old and 2 of the dryers seem to have been used to dry clothing that had been oily. If you pick your dryer, they work fine and don't damage clothes.
I would stay here again, but wish they offered a discounted weekly rate or passport America. Golf course nearby is wonderful and the views are very nice. Hope they continue to improve the park. - Mgtann
Mar 2009 - $30.00
We are not RV-ers we are Pipeliners, so we travel full time living in our RV. We stayed in Battlement Mesa for 8 months. This Park was one of the better parks that we have ever stayed at. It was clean and well kept. The lots were fairly large. The lots are all paved with gravel surrounding, however they did have some large grassy spots in the park and there were a few play grounds within walking distance. The laundry facilities were a bit undesirable (small & unclean). We had to travel to Parachute to find a decent laundr-o-mat. Everything else seemed to be very clean and the lawn was mowed regularly. The parks tenants are mostly long term and it isn't as friendly to overnight users, but they can still be accommodated. The very best thing about this park is that there aren't park employees and managers in everyone's business all the time. It is very private and you can live as you please without being harassed. However if you do have a problem or are creating a problem, it will be taken care of promptly by the city of Battle Mesa. (The city owns the Park). - sds7175


text: Nia Long Is Expecting Baby #2 Posted on June 17, 2011 by Sarah C. by Sarah C. Nia Long Actress Nia Long is expecting again! The Are We There Yet star and her boyfriend, professional basketball player Ime Udoka, are expecting their first child together this fall. No news yet on whether baby-to-be is a boy or... More


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Looking at the charred spots left on the walls and the ceilings, National Park Service Archaeologist Bob Cromwell tilted his head up and said, "We're lucky this building is still here."
The massive artillery barracks, built in 1904 to house two full artillery companies on the Fort Vancouver National Site caught fire sometime in the 1930s, the historian said.
Luckily there were still men living there at the time who were able to put the wooden structure out before it was consumed.
Today, there's a brand new fire sprinkler system in, and even a new roof, but it's also been empty since 1999, when the Army deeded the building over to the city of Vancouver for ownership.
Folks are also still looking for a good way to capitalize on their luck that the 40,016 square foot structure is still around, and bring a new life into the abandoned spot.
"The challenge of this building is it is a lot of space," Cromwell said.
Five years ago, a nonprofit artist's collective — the ARTillery Barracks — was pitched for the space. Now, those at the Fort Vancouver National Trust, which manages the West Barracks and Officers Row, think the nearby Post Hospital fits that bill.
Trust President and CEO Elson Strahan said they've got a mind to turn the place where thousands of men used to bunk into a place where visitors and locals alike may want to stay the night.
"There's spaces for food service, meeting space and rooms," Strahan said.
Since it was intended to house two companies of artillery troops, the building is a mirror image of itself on each side, with the main and top floors mostly huge open rooms where the men would have done everything together, Cromwell said.
The basement features two secure artillery bunkers, showers, and the remainders of toilet seats that were a little close together for modern comfort.
"The old saying was 'You could hold hands and pray while you're sitting there,'" Cromwell joked. "They were meant to do everything together."
The trust and the city would need to retrofit the building with tenant improvements, heating and cooling and make it wheelchair accessible before a developer would come in, Strahan said.
A considerable of lead remains in the attic, which was used as an indoor firing range.
"Because of those decades of shooting, there's lead bullets and lead particles up there," said Cromwell, who said it was the only part of the shuttered structure he would not allow anyone to enter.
Soldiers' graffiti from World Wars I and II can still be seen on pipes and walls on that floor as well.
Cromwell said that because the building is protected under national historical landmark guidelines, getting permission to put in walls to create individual hotel rooms could pose a challenge.
Still, Strahan said that he's confident that the Artillery Barracks will be restored for a hotel use once the country's financial situation improves.
Cromwell said he's hopeful as well: "You can just see the potential for this to be great."


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Dashing Impressions by TridgeonWatch
©2012-2016 Tridgeon
Oil on canvas 15.5" by 8.5"
Rainbowdash sleeping on a cloud, inspired by a rather popular sketch by someone named Fyre-Flye
Rainbowdash sleeping on a cloud, inspired by a rather popular sketch by someone named Fyre-Flye
this is one heck of a marvelous painting.
Awesome. Just looking at it reminds me of van goghs "starry night".
Beautiful work! <3
Awesome! I really like how you did her wings, they're clearly defined despite being colored similarly as her body. The sky even seems to reflect her boredom and/or inactivity.
Lovely <3
Lovely <3
I bid ... two million dollars
sold! ahah if you really are interested in buying this or any of my other paintings just note me!
Very unique and beautiful work!
Absolutely gorgeous. Fantastic job! ^^
Wow, it's clear that a lot of work went into this, and it definitely payed off! Looks just awesome!
#10 on today's drawfriend tridge well done and i do like oil paintings good job
I knew this was from you. Congrats! And well done!
Just wow. This is beautiful. The texture really shows from the paint, giving incredible detail and depth to the trees and clouds. And those eyes. Color and emotion.
This is AWESOME! You don't see very many oil and canvas paintings anymore. Great Job!
Now, here's something we rarely see. Great job.
Oh wow, this is my first time seeing MLP with oil paint. It's really gorgeous!
thanks just about all my deviations are oil on canvas
That sketch sure got around didn't it...Very nice work, that clouds looks really comfortable.
yea, those sketches from the MLP bible are pretty awesome though
Im glad that you like this rendition!
Im glad that you like this rendition!
that looks so cool
watercolor is cool
Nice deep coloring!!! o:


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ĀWell my favourite is called Holsten
LaLo I'm going to get lemon when I pick up DD from her play date :)
I don't know when this whole fad of drinking water started
Mmm, I love fresh mojitos too!
Hmm, somebody on the thread disagreed with me about the lemon. I think its better with lemon.
"That is why god made precipitation" No duh, of course it is.
Well, I love Staropramen, Czech beer is great! But if it's Budweiser we have home, I'm not going to say no...┬Ā
I don't drink red wine, never have never will, but white I love. When I was young, I grew very fond of Blue Nun, not a whole hell of a lot of alcohol but tastes great. And Chablis! Bring me a Chablis wine and I'll be your friend forever!┬Ā
During the summers, we always have gin at home so we can make Gin and tonics, and while I don't really like whisky and scotch and such, I think JD's pretty good... Well, maybe that's because I mostly make Jack and Coke...┬Ā
Can you tell I'm pregnant and haven't had alcohol in forever!?┬Ā
Emily proud mom to seven girls: Clara 23, Bea 22, Penn 20, Jack 17, Effie 13, Nell 8!
And newbie Maggie ,born Friday the 13th! Such a lucky day!
I could no sooner pick my favorite child!!!
If I had any that is, lol.
I love me some Captain Morgan and Coke Zero yummyyyyyy!
ETA: I hate beer! I like to get right to the point and drink hard liquor┬Ā
Monica Married Eric on 6/20/09
1 angel baby 8/10
"The best and most beautiful things in the world can not be seen, not touched, but are felt in the heart." Helen Keller
ĀHailey 2/28/06 Edward 6/23/11
gotta have some Captain in me!
After all this time..... Always!
Amandalynn, wife of Aaron, Mom of Sophia Lynn 7-8-09 and Piper Rose 8-29-12
gotta have some Captain in me!
YES! irishprincess FTW!
Monica Married Eric on 6/20/09
1 angel baby 8/10


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I started using fitday.com when I heard about it by reading these forums, and I'm absolutely loving it, I don't mind the restrictions it places on my eating habits (can't eat anything I can't fill out a nutrition label for) or the time it consumes in my day.
However, I was wondering how accurate people thought the site was in its estimations on metabolic rates, calories/hour burned by certain activities, etc. It's important to know just how accurate it is in telling me how many calories I burn in a day, so I can stay in the weight loss zone.
Additionally, I've been trying to keep my carb/protein/fat ratios around 55/25/15 or 60/20/20, but I'm a full time baker at a bakery where I get an endless free supply of really healthy, really good bread (we mill our own whole wheat flour) so the carbs dont usually drop below 60 percent unless I really try for it.What are good ratios for weight loss/retaining muscle? This is my profile.http://fitday.com/WebFit/PublicJourn...l?Owner=bonutz


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Springboard Courses
Places are limited – apply now!
The Springboard+ initiative gives an opportunity to job seekers to access relevant courses in CIT free of charge, while maintaining their benefits.
Close to three hundred job seekers can avail of places, on eighteen courses, at Cork Institute of Technology under the 2015 Springboard+ Initiative.
The courses available in CIT, for which there are NO FEES, include intensive conversion courses in Cloud Computing, Mobile Software Development and Data Science and Analytics, as well as courses in Automation, Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing, Lean Six Sigma Methodologies, Environment and Energy Engineering and Plant and Piping Design. This year, there are also new course options in Building Information Modelling and Architectural Green Practice. All the courses are designed, and developed, in close collaboration with industry partners and provide a dynamic pipeline of job-ready graduates, with up-to-the-minute skills, and valuable qualifications for the sectors of the economy which are are expanding and recruiting. The courses are designed to meet current and future skills needs in Ireland and range across all education levels.
CIT has an excellent record of success under the Springboard initiative with very positive outcomes for students. All courses available on Springboard are FEE FREE.
Details on available courses, eligibility and the application process are available at www.springboardcourses.ie
See the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) section on www.springboardcourses.ie for more information on eligibility.
CIT will offer the following courses under the Springboard+ Initiative in 2015:
(Apply early as places are limited for these courses)
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (Multiple Intakes)
Lean Six Sigma Black Belt (Multiple Intakes)
- HDip in Science in Cloud Computing
- HDip in Science in Cloud & Mobile Software Development
- HDip in Data Science & Analytics
- Certificate in Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Operations
- Diploma in Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Operations
- Certificate in Plant & Piping Design
- Postgraduate Diploma in Civil Engineering (Environment & Energy)
- Master of Engineering in Civil Engineering
- Master of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering
- BSc Honours in Advanced Manufacturing Technology
- Certificate in Building Information Modelling
To support you in making a decision about suitable courses there is a guidance service available through the Springboard guidance line on T: 1800 303 523.
For each course on www.springboardcourses.ie there is a contact name and details where you can get further course-specific information.
General advice is also available from a range of sources, including:
- Adult Guidance Service (www.aegai.ie)
- Local Employment Service (LES) network (www.localemploymentservices.ie), and
- Your local Social Protection facilitator (www.welfare.ie)
For more information contact CIT by E: email@example.com or T: 021 433 5044.
All of the courses have a minimum entry requirement. Please note that CIT offers a Recognition of Prior Learning system, details of which can be found here.
In CIT RPL can be used to gain:


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Sun Pharmaceutical Offers to Take Taro Unit Private
BANGALORE - Indian generic drug maker Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Tuesday offered to buy the shares of Israeli unit Taro Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. that it doesn't currently own to take the company private in an all-cash deal.
Sun Pharmaceutical said it is offering $24.50 for every Taro share, which values the company around $1.09 billion.
The purchase price represents a premium of 25.96% over Monday's closing price and more than three times the price paid for Taro shares in a tender offer that ended Sept. 14, 2010, Sun Pharmaceutical said in a letter to Taro's board.
Sun Pharmaceutical gained management control of Taro last year after a three-year legal battle. Taro, which became a unit of Sun Pharmaceutical on Sept. 20, 2010, sells high-margin dermatology products in the U.S., which accounts for about 85% of Taro's sales.
Sun Pharmaceutical, India's largest drug maker by market capitalization, owns 66.3% of Taro and at the offer price of $24.50 a share would need to pay a little over $360 million to fully own the company.
The offer is subject to the approval of Taro's board and other authorities as may be required, Sun Pharmaceutical said.
Sun Pharmaceutical said in its letter the purchase offer represents a "compelling liquidity opportunity" for Taro's shareholders and is beneficial both to them and the company.
Earlier this year, the Mumbai-based company took U.S. unit Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories Ltd. private.
Its proposal for buying out Taro isn't subject to any financing conditions, Sun Pharmaceutical said. It had $950 million in cash and equivalents as of March 31.


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'Road Map' details Navy bribery scheme
The scheme
The bribery ring was centered in a program repairing E2 Hawkeye and C-2 Greyhound planes at the Fleet Readiness Center Southwest at North Island.
Five civilian workers were involved: Vangundy, who started as the tool control manager for the program and in 2007 was promoted to supervise and authorize purchase and replacement of tools at the center; his co-worker Kiet Luc; two supervisors, Brian Delaney, the deputy program manager, and David Lindsay, the supervisory production controller; and Kenneth Ramos, who worked in the business office.
Each benefited in different ways. Luc collected $240,000 in gift cards and cash. Delaney got $50,000 in labor and materials to remodel his home, and Lindsay $20,000 for his home remodel.
Here's how the scheme worked, as described in court filings, memos and testimony.
Contracts for tooling and tooling-related products used to repair the planes were inked in 2007 with L & N and X & D. They were for one base year and three renewable option years, at a total of about $400,000 for L & N and $1 million for X & D.
The L & N contracts called for supplying "kitting services," toolboxes used in repairing C-2s, and reamers, tools that create holes in metal. The X & D contract was for items such as abrasives, drill bits and wire brushes.
With the contracts in place, Vangundy began to ask the contractors to pay for personal items for himself and friends. Often it was in the form of gift cards to Lowe's, Best Buy or the Apple store.
Vangundy told investigators that Graven of X & D would also supply gift cards for Red Wing work shoes. Vangundy said he would hand these out to the workers when a Red Wing shoes sales truck would come on the base.
After workers had purchased the shoes of their choice, Vangundy demanded they return the cards to him with whatever money was left on them.
After buying the bribe items, the contractors would then bill the government, rolling the costs of the bribes into invoices for services allowed under the contract. Sometimes, they included markups of as much as 25 percent.
The scheme also included fraud. Vangundy and Luc would ask contractors to provide materials not called for under the contracts, often for the buildings and offices at the Fleet Readiness Center. These items would be billed falsely as kitting or reamer services.
At first, the requests would be for materials just outside the scope of the contract, Graven testified, such as a particular drill bit or special tool.
"Then it got a little broader," he said. "It would be, we need some computers for our offices. And then it got exponentially crazier as time went on."
Ehnow paid for an expensive bike fork Vangundy wanted. Luc and Delaney each ended up with $3,700 massage chairs in their homes.
"It got pretty brazen, because the people doing it knew no one was looking," said Frank Vecchionne, the lawyer for Delaney.
In one contract, L & N estimated 100 "kitting services" would be needed over a four-year period at a cost of $5,431. But in June 2010 alone, the contractor billed the Navy for 2,491 kitting services, at a cost of $138,872.
In Vangundy's "road map," he wrote that as the pace of exploiting the contracts picked up, "it became impossible to track what was a legitimate program requirement and what wasn't."
He said his boss, Delaney, put pressure on the workers to do jobs quickly, creating an environment to "work around the process of procurement."
At first, Vangundy said, he tried to create a spreadsheet to track all the spending, "but it was like trying to single-handedly control a large fire hose."


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Winter Tent Stock PhotoAbsence,Adventure,Camping,Cloud - Sky,Cold Temperature,Color Image,Day,Dome Tent,Mountain Peak,Mt Baker,Nature,No People,Outdoors,Photography,Sky,Snow,Tent,Tranquility,USA,Vacations,Vertical,Washington State,WinterPhotographer Christopher KimmelCollection: Moment Open © 2012 Christopher Kimmel / Alpine Edge PhotographyTent on top of snow covered Helitrope Ridge near summit of Mount Baker in Washington, USA.


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State Briefs: Donors meet blood need
Donors meet blood needOklahoma Blood Institute officials said Monday the critical need for blood has ended thanks to people who donated blood over the past two weeks. The institute announced an urgent-need situation Dec. 28, and continued with less than a two-day supply of blood until Monday. "This was the first time in 10 months that OBI was forced to make a public appeal for blood donors," an official said. STAFF REPORTS EL RENO
Slain family rememberedA vigil for a slain El Reno woman and her children will be tonight in El Reno. The bodies of Summer Rust, 25; her daughters, Kirsten Rust, 7, Autumn Rust, 7, and Evynn Garas, 3; and her son, Teagin Rust, 4, were found in their El Reno apartment Jan. 12, 2009. The vigil is 7 p.m. at the VFW Post, 1515 S Rock Island Ave. Joshua Steven Durcho, 26, was charged with murder in connection with the killings. STAFF REPORTS MUSKOGEE
Drug forum plannedA public forum on substance abuse and drug crime will be 6 p.m. Jan. 25 at the Muskogee Civic Center, 425 Boston St. Law enforcement experts will address drug crime issues, said Mark Woodward, spokesman for the Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs Control. STAFF REPORTS JONES
Second quake of '10 strikesThe second small earthquake of 2010 occurred in eastern Oklahoma County late Sunday, the U.S. Geological Survey reported. No damage or injuries were reported. The 2.8-magnitude quake struck Jones about 11:15 p.m. A 2.8-magnitude quake struck Jan. 1 nearby. MICHAEL KIMBALL, STAFF WRITER


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I just wanted to say that I am very pleased with the zebra case and charger. The price was very reasonable and well worth it!! The stylish case caught the attention of others and one friend asked where I bought it and plans to order one for herself.
Got this for myself, and the Case for my wife, and she loves it! Its a snap on, but its tight, and i had to work at it a little to get it off her phone, and we both own iPhones so its important that we got some of the best protection. Car charger and wall charger works like a charm, and the price was fantastic.
- How did the image on site compare with the actual product? Just like Advertised
- Was the product free of any manufacturer defects? Yes
- Please tell us about the quality of the product. Great


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replaced oil trap, broken eng torque rod. checked drain plug, stick, filter. checked all pan screws. some oil on engine side, most on pan and where trans/eng come together. tried some rear main sealer. helped some. stopped on short trips but not longer ones. and ideas. have not removed oil pan.
by buggsbunny in Potwin, KS on July 23, 2013


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Hi all,
I have a problem with a sociable plugin in combination with wordpress 2.8.
When I created a post and i want share it pushing a facebook icon appears this screen:
No appears the introduction text and image... someone have the sae problem? how can i fifed it?
thanks in adavanced!


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By Robb Hicken/BBB's chief storyteller The presents have been unwrapped, the toys and clothing set aside. Now, the adjustments, returns, refund and exchange processes begin. [...]Read More
A Burglar from Kuna Not Who He Says He Was
A man from Kuna is in a heap of trouble after it was discovered that not only was he arrested while attempting to burglarize a West Meridian-area barn, but he was using a fake name to avoid an Arkansa [...]Read More
Kuna's Down Home Country Christmas Essay Winners
As part of the celebrations swirling around Christmas including the Night Light Parade and the Kids Carnival sponsored by the Kuna Chamber of Commerce, the winners of the Youth Essay Contest were anno [...]Read More
Parade of Lights Brightens Up Kuna
Hundreds of residents stood in the cold last Saturday night along Main Street in Kuna waiting for the Parade of Lights. [...]Read More
Kuna Raises Water and Sewer Rates – Sells one Property and Delays Sale of Other
The Kuna City Council met in special session prior to its regular meeting last Tuesday, December 17, at city hall to have a public hearing and auction of three city-owned surplus properties (see KMN N [...]Read More
Boone Bartlome Update
Recovery continues with Boone Bartlome at Craig Hospital in Denver, Colorado. In recent weeks a video of him moving his thumb was posted by his family. [...]Read More
Dictionaries Delivered to Third Grade Students
Kuna Grange organized a group of individuals, Kuna businesses, and organizations who donated money to purchase dictionaries for the Third Grade students in the Kuna School District and to the Falcon R [...]Read More
Kuna FFA Brings Home Awards
Just two weeks after Nationals, the Kuna FFA held their annual Harvest dance, and their chapter Creed and Degree Night. While Harvest is usually a fundraiser for the chapter, it was agreed upon that a [...]Read More
Community Mourns for Bus Crash Victims
By Mark Barnes Last Thursday, December 5, bus #11 was running late. Kuna school bus driver Debra Boatright was making the morning children pickups on its way to Crimson Point Elementary School. [...]Read More
Kuna Man Involved in March Shooting Charged
A 42-year-old Kuna man who was shot by three Ada County Sherriff and a Boise police officer in the early morning hours of Saturday, March 9, 2013, near the intersection of Cloverdale and Barker Roads [...]Read More


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Friday, May 27, 2016
Adult Swim Slates Multi-Platform Programming
Turner's Adult Swim — basic cable's No. 1 destination for millennials for over 10 years — is evolving yet again, announce two new slates of programming in advance of ... Continue Reading →
New Animated Series and Specials Coming to Adult Swim
Adult Swim has announced its programming plans for 2015-16, which includes 30 new original series, specials and pilots joining its slate of returning hits. "Adult Swim has always ... Continue Reading →
Sunday Series Premiere set for 'Harvey Beaks'; New Seasons for 'China IL,' 'Breadwinners'
It's a busy weekend of TV watching for animation fans, with Nickelodeon set to premiere its new animated comedy series Harvey Beaks, and season premieres set for original animated ... Continue Reading →
'China, IL' Season Three Set for April
Adult Swim will be premiering the third season of Brad Neely's 2D comedy China, IL this April as part of its spring 2015 line-up. The half-hour series takes place at the worst ... Continue Reading →
Adult Swim Enrolls 'China, IL' for 3rd Season
Get ready for another year of hijinks at America's worst university as Adult Swim's animated comedy China, IL gets picked up for a third season. Production on the third ... Continue Reading →
'China, IL' Returns to Adult Swim in Sept.
Are you ready for a trip back to China, IL? Brad Neely's kooky show is back for its second season on Adult Swim this September. The new season is set to take off on Sunday, Sept. ... Continue Reading →


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Skip to comments.AAS Meeting: Milky Way on Collision Course With Andromeda Galaxy
Posted on 01/07/2009 5:24:25 AM PST by Red Badger
Since Aristotles first theory on the Milky Way to present times, theres still so much astronomers need to learn about the galaxy our Solar System lies in. Over the course of time, the observations made on the Milky Way itself seemed harder to do than on any other galaxy, simply because they had to be made from within the galaxy, offering very little perspective.
That is why the latest findings by scientists at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics should come as no surprise. As it appears, not only were we wrong about the speed and weight of our Galaxy, but the likelihood of a collision with a nearby galaxy is also bigger than ever.
Astronomers have predicted that a collision between the Andromeda galaxy and the Milky Way is bound to take place. The result of that would be the formation of a new, larger galaxy..
Andromeda is a spiral galaxy of a similar size to ours, and is believed to have collided with at least one other galaxy in the past, according to specialists. Despite predictions, we shouldnt worry though, since astronomers predicted the collision will take place in three to four billion years time. The European Space Agency will send the Gaia mission in late 2011 to investigate our galaxy.
Measurements have shown that Andromeda is approaching the Milky Way at almost 140 kilometers per second. The most recent study by astronomers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics suggested that our Galaxy is actually rotating 100,000 miles per hour faster than thought, which means a significant increase in mass, but also a greater gravitational pull that increases the likelihood of a collision with Andromeda or other smaller nearby galaxies.
Before the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) measurements made by scientists at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Milky Way was believed to be smaller than Andromeda. However, by studying the areas of star formation in our Galaxy at times when the Earth was at opposite sides of its orbit around the Sun, they were able to obtain the slight apparent shift of the objects position against the background of more distant objects.
Karl Menten of the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Germany, a member of the team of astronomers involved in the study, said the new measurements revise their understanding of the structure and motions of the Galaxy.
These VLBA observations produce highly-accurate direct measurements of distances and motions, and astronomers found direct distance measurements to differ from earlier, indirect measurements sometimes by a factor of two.
The VLBA is a system of 10 radio-telescope antennas that stretch from Hawaii to New England and the Caribbean, and has the ability to provide the most accurate observations to date. The system is even able to produce images hundreds of times more detailed than the Hubble Space Telescope.
Image Credit: NASA
Do they need a bail out?
Didn't we already know we were on a collision course with Andromeda?
Bush's fault?
Women and Minorities hardest hit.
There were threads recently that speculated Earth really wasn't a member of the milky way galaxy put instead part of a smaller galaxy that was in the process of colliding with the milky way. Anyone remember that?
No, Somebody at NASA did............
Minus some refined parameters, we've known of this for a long time.
Damn megagalaxies. Taking over all the ma and pa galaxies.
We may need to bail out!.............
Memo: Scratch plans to vacation in Andromeda.
3or4 billion years......but, still.
"...our Galaxy is actually rotating 100,000 miles per hour faster than thought..."
My dizzy spells are explanded at last!
Well, the Andromedans do have hot women.
Of course, I should have known. Maybe Hansen has new marching orders from Algore.
"You'd better come up with something I can use to scare them with!"
Yes, and the article says so.
The prior thinking was that the collision would be a sideswipe whereas a more massive Milky Way galaxy would result in a more direct collision.
From "Globull Warming" to "Galactic Collision"..........Hey, this'll work for 3 billion years!..........
Captains log, stardate 4,000,000,000,034. Haulin' ass out of the Milky Way.
Everyone crash positions!
Wait...I meant everyone ASSUME crash positions!
I hope my insurance covers the damages caused by this...
Astronomers have predicted that a collision between the Andromeda galaxy and the Milky Way is bound to take place.
ai-EEEEEEEE...the sky is falling! Zero! save us!
I hope I can TIVO it!
Crap! My BlackBerry doesn't schedule that far in advance...
Wait, astronomers were wrong about something? Well, this completely discredits astronomy, so I guess earth IS flat, motionless, and central to everything. We'll be fine.
At least THEY admit when they are wrong, unlike "climatologists"...........
I guess you don't have the newest upgrade...........
"You'd better come up with something I can use to scare them with!"
Anthropogenic galactic collisions?
Better check you home owner's insurance for "galactic collision"..........
If we're going to suffer a galactic collision, I guess I can forget about my New Year's diet.
Party like it's 19999999999999999.............
You will be assimilated.
I hate it when that happens........
First thing that came to my mind as well.
But I looked at the replies before posting it.
It's TERRIBLE -what Bush has done to this galaxy!!!
Was also going to post "Bush's Fault", but jpl beat me to that one at #5.
This could end badly...
We need at least Sol and Luna along with Earth, and if bringing Venus and Mars along for the company only costs a couple quadrillion more terabucks, then so be it-- we may yet find life on Mars, and Venus is just pretty.
OTOH I don't give two Schlitz for Mercury, and the gas giants are like Aunt Betty's sideboard-- if it don't fit in the U-Haul, we're leaving it.
99.9% income and 120% sales taxes ought to do it, doncha think?
Now, in addition to the SunSpot Deficiency, and the anomalous behavior of the Earth's magnetic field, I have another issue that people can worry about when they whine about energy, the GW/CC etc, etc.
Galactic Collision. We're doomed.
No airbags, no seatbelts, some creator.
Hey, at least those Andromeda aliens won't have to turn us all into dessicated cubes and rig the Enterprise to make the trip across in a few decades.
Thanks Red Badger.
Astrophysicists Map Milky Way's Four Spiral Arms
www.sciencedaily.com | 01/07/2009 | Iowa State University
Posted on 01/07/2009 10:28:20 AM PST by Red Badger
Milky Way — the galaxy — not snack-sized anymore
Associated Press | Jan. 5, 2009 | Seth Borenstein
Posted on 01/05/2009 11:16:51 AM PST by decimon
Milky Way a Swifter Spinner, More Massive, New Measurements Show
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics | 1/5/09 | CfA
Posted on 01/05/2009 2:41:26 PM PST by NormsRevenge
Milky Way 'bigger than thought'
BBC | 01-07-09 | Staff
Posted on 01/07/2009 5:19:26 AM PST by Red Badger
|· join · view topics · view or post blog · bookmark · post new topic ·
This is what you get when two galaxies collide.
That must give Andromeda strain!
Do they need a bail out?
Bring a bucket.
I wonder if most other galaxies are named after candy bars or after cartoon characters?
Somebody used a really tall tripod.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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Could A Fifth Child Save Tori Spelling And Dean McDermott's Marriage?May 4, 2015 12:00:27 by Stephanie Gustafson
Tori Spelling and Dean McDermott seem to be reasonably happy these days, but that doesn't mean that all of the tension related to Dean's affair has dissipated. The True Tori stars still have their issues and are still working towards a harmonious relationship. Although they adore their four children, recent rumors on Facebook suggest that the celebs believe that a fifth child could hasten the lengthy marriage recovery process.
Topics: Lifetime Reality TV Shows, Tori Spelling, True Tori | No Comments »
Dean McDermott Sounds Off On Tori Spelling's Benihana Burn RecoveryMay 1, 2015 08:15:32 by Stephanie Gustafson
Tori Spelling may finally be on the mend following last year's emotional turmoil, but she's suffered her fair share of physical ailments these past several months. After recovering from a nasty bout of pneumonia, the True Tori star was forced to return to the hospital for burn treatment. According to Dean McDermott, she's recovering nicely, but anxious to get back to her normal routine.
Topics: Lifetime Reality TV Shows, Tori Spelling, True Tori | No Comments »
Dean McDermott Admits That True Tori May Have Saved His MarriageApril 29, 2015 08:00:44 by Lisa Princ
When True Tori ended last season, Tori Spelling and Dean McDermott didn't seem like they were any closer to resolving their marital issues than they were when they started filming. However, according to a new interview, Dean McDermott insists that putting everything out there for the world to see may have been just what their marriage needed, and what actually saved it.
Topics: Lifetime Reality TV Shows, True Tori | No Comments »
Tori Spelling Continues To Recover Following Benihana BurnApril 15, 2015 04:30:16 by Stephanie Gustafson
Just six months after her nasty bout with pneumonia, Tori Spelling is once again under medical supervision. This time, Dean McDermott will probably think twice before visiting a sex shop! Instead, the True Tori star is focused on his wife's recovery. Will his improved behavior score him a few more husband points as he continues to try to earn Tori's trust?
Topics: Lifetime Reality TV Shows, Tori Spelling, True Tori | No Comments »
Tori Spelling Undergoing Skin Grafts After Suffering BurnsApril 14, 2015 06:02:49 by Lisa Princ
Yikes, the bad luck never seems to end for Tori Spelling, who has had a pretty rough time dealing with the aftermath of Dean McDermott's infidelity. And now, following the revelation that Spelling's reality show may not return, we've also learned that Tori is about to undergo some skin grafts, after falling on a hot grill and burning herself. Ouch!
Topics: Lifetime Reality TV Shows, Tori Spelling, True Tori | No Comments »
Dean McDermott Hints That There Will Be No More True ToriApril 13, 2015 01:00:56 by Lisa Princ
It's been a while since we've heard anything out of Tori Spelling and Dean McDermott, well with the exception of seeing Dean make an appearance on Hell's Kitchen this season. Now, months after True Tori wrapped up airing the latest season, Dean McDermott has hinted that, not only will he not be returning to the show, but the show itself may be done. Bummer for fans…
Topics: Lifetime Reality TV Shows, True Tori | No Comments »
Kendall Vertes To Debut New Music Video On Dance MomsApril 8, 2015 02:00:59 by Stephanie Gustafson
The gals of Dance Moms are determined to become breakout music stars, but unfortunately, the only response they've received thus far is a little encouragement from their fans on Facebook. Could the release of a Kendall Vertes music video be enough to propel one of the show's youngsters to the top of the charts? Doubtful, but hey — it's worth a try!
Topics: Dance Moms, Lifetime Reality TV Shows | No Comments »
Abby Lee Miller Opening Dance Studio In Los AngelesApril 3, 2015 10:34:45 by Lisa Princ
If you happen to be one of those moms who would love to get your kid into Abby Lee Miller's Dance Company, but live on the West coast, you're in luck! Miller is reportedly opening a brand new studio in Los Angeles, but what does that mean for the future of Dance Moms?
Topics: Dance Moms, Lifetime Reality TV Shows | No Comments »
Desperate Measures! Tori Spelling Begging Her Mom For Financial HelpMarch 11, 2015 02:00:32 by Lisa Princ
Say what? The last time we watched Tori Spelling and Dean McDermott interact with Tori's mom on Twitter, they were very cold. But now, rumors are buzzing that Tori and Dean's finances are so bad, they had to ask Candy to help them out….did she?
Topics: Lifetime Reality TV Shows, True Tori | No Comments »
Calm Down! Dean McDermott Clears The Air About His Hell's Kitchen AppearanceMarch 4, 2015 09:00:21 by Lisa Princ
Last night was the much anticipated season premiere of Hell's Kitchen, where the celebrities already started showing up. Among them, was none other than Tori Spelling's husband, Dean McDermott, who caused quite the uproar when fans noticed he was there dining with another woman, and not his wife. Luckily, McDermott decided to clear the air about the appearance, and it is completely innocent!
Topics: FOX Reality TV Shows, Hell's Kitchen, Lifetime Reality TV Shows, True Tori | No Comments »


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When our first nurse, Anna B. Hillock, set out with her medical bag in 1898 to travel the crude roadways of Morristown, NJ on a bicycle, our organization became the first in the region to offer home nursing care. Today, a team of highly skilled Visiting Nurse Association nurses, many of whom are certified in much needed specialties, call on clients in more than 40 communities each day. Every visiting nurse also serves as a team leader and case manager who coordinates patient care and enlists the assistance of other VNA professionals whenever appropriate.
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Porter Park Disc Golf Course
Primary tabs
Year Established:
(1 vote)
Short, finesse course through mesquites next to an elementary school.
Course Details
Course Type: Permanent
# Holes: 9
Target Type: DISCatcher
Tee Type: Concrete
Elevation: Some Low Hills
Foliage: Scattered
Course Length: 2,054ft
Alternate Length: 0ft
Hole Length: Under 300ft: 8 | 300 - 400ft: 1 | Over 400ft: 0
I-635 to I-30 East. Exit at Northwest Dr. and follow it south past the park at bottom of hill, right on Via Ventura, then right just past the school on Via Avenida. Park along street at the park sign. 1st tee to the left of jogging trail on far side of soccer field.
First Tee: (
) -96.60545,32.82731
Email: Gary Duke #9426
Phone: 972-424-8716
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text: Posted 3 Dec 2013 Per PFF: Star Lotulelei registers a stop on 13.5% of run defense snaps. Best of all DT's. 2nd Damon Harrison (12.8) & 3rd Marcell Dareus (12.3). https://twitter.com/PFF/status/407920371547897857 If there is any justice in this world, Star will win DROY. 32 people like this Share this post Link to post Share on other sites