text:
- Sleeps
- Bedrooms
- Property code
Boathouse Loft The Wharf, St Ives
Be captivated by Boathouse Loft and fall in love with the wonderful view across the bay. The Harbour Beach is just feet from your balcony. Boathouse Loft is a light and airy apartment with such a warm and welcoming vibe. Being in the heart of St Ives and just moments away from the entertainment on offer, you don't have far to go to enjoy the great food, craft beers or cocktails on offer at St Ives' popular Hub Bar and Grill located beneath the apartment.
Open plan living area
sofas, armchair, woodburner, TV, games console PS4, dining table and chairs, magnificent views, French doors onto the decked balcony with unadulterated sea views.
electric oven with gas hob, fridge/freezer, dishwasher, coffee maker.
Bedroom 1
king size bed, TV, hairdryer, Velux windows, en suite bath with handheld shower attachment, double walk-in shower, basin, WC.
Bedroom 2
twin beds (can be pushed together to create a king), Velux window, en suite: shower, WC, basin.
Utility area
washing machine and tumble dryer.
Additional information
gas central heating, The apartment is situated two storeys above a neighbourhood hub on the harbour front, so on busier days with the window open you may hear the sounds and aromas associated with the busy bars and restaurants. Access is via the rear service alley of The Hub but shouldn't detract from the quality of the apartment, WiFi, short breaks available.
Boathouse Loft The Wharf, St Ives
- 7Cottage available
- 7Short break available
- 7Cottage booked
- 7Your Holiday
- 2016
Price Band: 21 1 Jan - 2 Jan 747 9 Jan - 6 Feb 747 13 February 789 20 Feb - 19 Mar 747 26 Mar - 2 Apr 1005 9 Apr - 30 Apr 828 7 May 1017 14 May - 21 May 1041 28 May 1308 4 Jun - 11 Jun 1224 18 Jun - 25 Jun 1365 2 July 1494 9 July 1575 16 July 1605 23 Jul - 20 Aug 1818 27 August 1371 3 Sep - 10 Sep 1128 17 September 1089 24 Sep - 15 Oct 900 22 October 972 29 October 747 5 Nov - 10 Dec 747 17 December 1164 24 Dec - 31 Dec 1452
Boathouse Loft The Wharf, St Ives
The Wharf
Many of our self catering cottages at The Wharf overlook the working harbour of St Ives. Here you'll find fishing boats, a gorgeous sandy beach and in the summer season you can take advantage of the boat trips on offer. You may even catch a glimpse of Alfie the seal! Home to The RNLI, The St Ives Lifeboat Station is close by and is a popular attraction with tourists.
View all of our Wharf Cottages >
St Ives Harbour
The Wharf, otherwise known as St Ives harbour, is a hive of activity throughout the year. With a continual hustle and bustle on the water and along the harbour front, there is always plenty to do and see while self catering at the Wharf, even at the quieter times of the year. It's an ever changing scene so perfect for those artists among you. Don't forget about the very sheltered, sandy Harbour Beach, a perfect sun-trap in the heart of town and a great place to find seaglass and sea pottery! As night falls at the end of another perfect day, St Ives comes alive with a selection of bars, restaurants and cafés to suit every pocket and every taste in a truly cosmopolitan atmosphere.
Things to do at the Wharf
Boat Trips
Why not enjoy the scenery by boat and explore the coastline with an excursion with St Ives Boat Trips. Fishing trips are available for those looking for a bit of adventure, or for a more relaxing experience, a visit to seal island lets you see seals basking on the rocks at certain times of year.
Eating and Drinking
The Wharf is home to a wide selection of restaurants and cafes, serving up fresh fish and chips to gourmet burgers, with something to suit everyone. Enjoy an ice cream or Cornish pasty and watch the world go by on the harbour front, but remember to keep your wits about you; seagulls in St Ives are renowned for swooping in and stealing food right from your hands!
Smeaton's Pier
From here you'll get a stunning view of the harbour, and an up close view of the crystal clear waters. At the entrance to the pier you'll find St Leonard's Chapel; originally dedicated for local fisherman, it is now a museum and memorial for the fisherman of St Ives.
Lifeboat station
Home to the new £1.5 million lifeboat, the RNLI lifeboat station is a popular attraction for visitors to St Ives. The gift shop next door sells souvenirs where all profits go towards helping to save lives at sea.
View all of our Wharf Cottages >


text:
- Listen Live
- About
- Support
- On-Air
- Music
- Prayer
- Events
I'm in a daily struggle to stay in Christs light and yet I feel defeated in many aspects of my life. It seems that every time I get going right, my not so Christ like past invades and defeats me. Please help me pray for strength.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
District 6 champion Ridgefield fell into the losers bracket at the Little League major baseball state tournament on Sunday at Luke Jensen Park.
Federal Way beat Ridgefield 14-4 to earn a spot in the semifinal of the winners bracket.
Ridgefield faces a loser-out game at 4:30 p.m. today against Walla Walla Pacific.
District 4 champ Camas is scheduled to play in a loser-out game at 4:30 p.m. today against Greater Richland.
The winners bracket semifinals are Tuesday with Federal Way playing West Seattle at 4:30 p.m. and Chehalis playing Queen Anne at 7 p.m.
The double-elimination tournament for ages 11-12 runs through the championship game on July 21. It will determine the Washington representative in the Little League Northwest Regional at San Bernardino, Calif., on the way to the Little League World Series.
9-10 state baseball — District 4 champion Camas is into the quarterfinals after defeating Bainbridge 12-9 on Sunday at Windjammer Park in Oak Harbor.
Jake Blair was 3 for 3 with a three-run home run and six RBI. Zachariah Shaw was the winning pitcher for the second consecutive day.
Camas advances to play Marysville at 5:30 p.m. Tuesday.
Ridgefield, the District 6 champ, was eliminated by Riverview. The score was not reported.
The double-elimination tournament runs through Saturday (or Sunday, if a second championship game is needed).
Senior (15-16) state baseball — District 4 champion Columbia reached the semifinal with a 7-3 win over South Kitsap.
Marquece Williams went 2 for 5 with double, and Kody Ulrich went 1 for 3 with a double for Columbia, which will face Sky Valley at 5:30 p.m. Tuesday for a spot in the final.
Sky Valley advanced with a 3-1 win over District 6 champ Hazel Dell. Taylor Packer went 2 for 3 with two doubles for Hazel Dell, which has a loser-out game today at 5:30 p.m. against Richmond.
The double-elimination tournament at Cascade Little League at the Harmony Sports Complex runs through Thursday.
9-10 state softball — Battle Ground and Columbia Little League all-stars remained alive in the tournament at La Center Community Park.
Battle Ground eliminated North Whidbey 14-4 in its loser-out game, while Columbia took care of the District 7 champs 6-0.
Both teams will play again at 6 p.m. today in loser-out games of the double-elimination tournament.
The tournament runs through July 20.
Junior (13-14) state softball — Cascade, the District 4 champion, fell into the losers bracket after a 5-3 loss to Mill Creek on Sunday at Valley Ridge in Seattle.
Cascade will play East Jefferson/Sequim at 6 p.m. today in a loser-out contest.
District 6 champ Lewis River was eliminated with a 14-4 loss on Sunday.
This tournament runs through Thursday (or Friday if a second championship game is necessary).


text:
lift functions so they can handle Results as if they were plain values
lift functions so they can handle results as if they were plain values.
With your favourite package manager:
packin add lift-result
component install jkroso/lift-result
npm install lift-result
then in your app:
var lift = require'lift-result'var liftCPS = require'lift-result/cps'var apply = require'lift-result/apply'var sexpr = require'lift-result/sexpr'
fn so it can receive promises as arguments. Return
values will be unboxed wherever possible however errors will
be caught and boxed with a promise since this means you don't
have to handle sync and async errors separately.
var Result = require'result'var add = lift return a + b add1 2 // => 3 addResultwrap1 2 // => 3 var one = var answer = addone 2 // => new Result onewrite1answervalue // => 3
decorate a node function so it can receive Results as arguments and will return a result rather than take a callback as its last argument.
var fs = require'fs'var readFile = liftCPSfsreadFilereadFile'Readme.md'read buf // => fs.readFileSync('Readme.md')
apply arguments to the last argument
applyResultwrap1 2 Array // => [1, 2]
apply rest of args to
sexprArray Resultwrap1 2 // => [1, 2]


text: Posted November 1, 2013 Just thinking this out and it seems that with Stewart back (and if healthy),our running game suddenly looks very stout and may actually be one of the best in the league. Stew is great out of the backfield (as is Tolbert) for those slants and screens that we have suddenly found to be effective for us. Our running game is good now and will be even better this week. Name one team that has the combination of backs ( plus Cam) that can take over a game and beat down a defense. With other teams having to stack the box to try and take away the run game,Ginn and Smitty should find more one on one coverages then before. Let them pick the poison they choose to take.....get smashed by our backs, (with Cam also running over them)..... or let their corners cover our WR's and TE one on one which their safeties commit to the run support. Glad it is them and not us that has to make that choice. 1 person likes this Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|19 Mar 1985
|Filing date
|11 Apr 1983
|Priority date
|11 Apr 1983
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Charles J. Dettling, Peter L. Terry
|Original Assignee
|Engelhard Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (55), Classifications (13), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The Government has rights in this invention pursuant to Contract Number DE-AC01-78ET15366 awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy.
The present invention relates to improved gas distribution assemblies for use in fuel cells, fuel cells employing such elements, and processes and apparatus for making such elements.
Reference is hereby made to other related patent applications which are assigned to the same assignee as the present application; application of H. Feigenbaum and A. Kaufman entitled "Integral Gas Seal For Fuel Cell Gas Distribution Plate", Ser. No. 430,453, filed on 9/30/82; application of H. Feigenbaum and S. Pudick entitled "A Process For Forming Integral Edge Seals In Porous Gas Distribution Plates Utilizing A Vibratory Means", Ser. No. 430,291, filed on 9/30/82 and application of H. Feigenbaum, S. Pudick and R. Singh entitled "Edge Seal For Porous Gas Distribution Plate Of A Fuel Cell", Ser. No. 430,142, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,450,212 filed on 9/30/82.
Fuel cell design and operation generally involves conversion of a hydrogen-containing fuel and some oxidant via an exothermic reaction into D.C. electrical power. This reaction is well-known and has established parameters and limitations. It has been known for some time that fuel cells can be extremely advantageous as power supplies, particularly for certain applications such as a primary source of power in remote areas. It is highly desirable that any such cell assembly be extremely reliable. Various fuel cell systems have been devised in the past to accomplish these purposes. Illustrative of such prior art fuel cells are those shown and described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,709,736, 3,453,149 and 4,175,165. A detailed analysis of fuel cell technology comparing a number of different types of fuel cells appears in the "Energy Technology Handbook" by Douglas M. Consadine, published in 1977 by McGraw Hill Book Company at pages 4-59 to 4-73.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,709,736, assigned to the assignee of the present invention, describes a fuel cell system which includes a stacked configuration comprising alternating fuel cell laminates and electrically and thermally conductive impervious cell plates. The laminates include fuel and oxygen electrodes on either side of an electrolyte comprising an immobilized acid. U.S. Pat. No. 3,453,149, assigned to the assignee of this invention, is illustrative of such an immobilized acid electrolyte. The fuel cells further comprise gas distribution plates, one in electrical contact with the anode and one in electrical contact with the cathode. The gas distribution plates conduct the reactant materials (fuel and oxidant) to the fuel cell.
In order to electrically interconnect a group of discrete cell to form one larger fuel cell stack, bipolar assemblies are commonly used. For instance, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,175,165, assigned to the assignee of the present invention, a stacked array of fuel cells is described wherein reactant gas distribution plates include a plurality of gas flow channels or grooves for the distribution of the reactants. The grooves for the hydrogen gas distribution are arranged orthogonally relative to the grooves for the oxygen distribution.
The gas distribution plates themselves, whether they are part of termination assemblies having individual distribution plates for one or the other of the reactants or bipolar assemblies having two distribution plates for distributing both reactants in accordance with this disclosure, are formed of an electrically conductive impervious material. Where bipolar plates are prepared from a non-porous material, such as aluminum, the plate is typically coated with a layer of non-corrosive material, such as gold, so as to effectively isolate it from the corrosive agents, such as the electrolyte, within the fuel cell environment. In more recent fuel cell designs, the gas distribution plates of such assemblies are formed of a porous material so that a more uniform and complete flow of gas over the electrode surface is provided.
In previous systems wherein nonporous gas distribution plates were utilized, the reactants always flowed only through the grooves and were contained by the walls thereof. However, in the more recent systems utilizing porous plates, it has been necessary to seal the porous plates along the edges, and in bipolar assemblies, to segregate the reactants from one another to avoid their unintended mixing which could cause the cells to operate improperly or fail altogether.
Various techniques for sealing such porous gas distribution plates are known. In one such approach, an impervious plate is placed between the gas distribution plates forming a bipolar assembly to prevent the reactants from mixing together. In another prior art approach, a sealed bipolar plate is made up of a porous carbon plate layer which is first grooved to provide the reactant channels. Then, five or six layers of suitable material such as a resin or carbon material are placed on or impregnated into all surfaces. However, in this arrangement, the sealing layer is very thin and if damaged, exposes the original porosity of the porous carbon plate. Although this technique precludes unintended gas transmission, it can result in inadequate electrical contact between such contiguous layers and cells.
In the area of cooling assemblies typically used in larger stacks of fuel cells, a technique has been devised in which a sealant film and additional conductive materials are sandwiched between two plates to provide a bridging electrical contact across the interfacial boundary which separates them. This technique is disclosed in a copending, commonly assigned, U.S. Application entitled "Film Bonded Fuel Cell Interface Configuration" by A. Kaufman and P. Terry, Ser. No. 430,148, filed on 9/30/82. This arrangement provides effective containment of free electrolyte, a corrosive agent, from the cooling assembly as well as good electrical conductivity. However, it is readily apparent that this approach introduces additional components at the interface of such plates which can complicate manufacture and assembly.
A number of techniques have been disclosed in the prior art relating to the preparation of plates in fuel cells. These include U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,969,315; 3,223,556; 3,479,225; 3,779,811; 3,905,832; 4,035,551; 4,038,463; 4,064,322; and 4,311,771. For instance, the U.S. Pat. No. 2,969,315 patent discloses a fuel cell configuration in which a bipolar plate is fabricated by deposition of two layers of porous nickel on opposite sides of a common support. This common support effectively precludes gas transmission between the two porous nickel layers. Each of the two porous layers can be formed from a nickel powder by sintering the powder on the support layer.
The U.S. Pat. No. 3,223,556 patent discloses a fuel cell configuration in which a gas impermeable layer, moistened with electrolyte, is disposed intermediately between two layers of porous material containing the deposited catalyst on its respective surface opposite the gas impermeable layer. Electrical contact between these porous layers is achieved through an external circuit which connects an electrical grid within each catalyst to an incandescent lamp. The gas impermeable member which separates each of the porous plates from one another does not apparently bond the two porous plates to the other. The physical integrity of this composite is maintained by some other means.
The U.S. Pat. No. 3,479,225 patent discloses air and oxygen depolarized electrochemical units for electrochemical generation of electric current. This device is of a modular cell construction having a replaceable modular anode. The anode illustrated for this device is itself of a composite construction whereby two separate parallel plates of the anode module are bisected by an insulating layer. This insulating layer is gas transmissive but exclusive of fuel transfer therebetween. The 771 patent discloses a permselective bipolar membrane for electrodialyte cells, the permselective membranes comprising two layers of weakly dissociated ion exchange materials in intimate contact with one another.
The U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,779,811, 4,064,322, and 4,038,463 patents disclose a system for maintaining the proper fluid balance within a fuel cell by separation of the volume tolerance of the cell from its electrochemical balance. This is achieved by providing a porous back-up plate to each anode and cathode. This plate serves as a reservoir for storing excess fluid produced during the electrochemical reaction of oxygen and hydrogen and for replenishment of electrolyte which is lost as a result of high temperature operation. Each of the porous back-up plates is connected to either the anode or the cathode by means of a series of porous pins. The U.S. Pat. No. 4,064,322 patent discloses that the catalyst containing layer contiguous to the electrolyte reservoir is impregnated with a hydrophobic material "to a shallow depth". This hydrphobic material is impermeable to electrolyte yet permeable to gas, thereby permitting gas accessability to the catalyst.
In the construction of bipolar assemblies, as well as other assemblies used in fuel cells such as current collecting assemblies and cooling assemblies wherein distribution of the reactants takes place, it is apparent that the effective containment of reactant materials is important. In such assemblies it is also equally apparent that the assemblies should maintain electrical continuity and, in some cases, also provide a barrier against corrosive agents which are a necessary part of the stack from reaching those regions within the stack that would be adversely affected thereby. Accordingly, the invention disclosed herein provides an integral gas seal for gas distribution assemblies for use in fuel cells. It also provides process and apparatus for making such an assembly.
In accordance with this invention, a porous gas distribution assembly, such as a bipolar assembly is provided with an integral inner impervious region. The impervious region can be formed in two porous plates, preferably carbon, at the interface between the two plates by impregnating a sealant material therein. When impregnated into the porous plates, the sealant material acts as a bond to hold the plates together in a single integral bipolar assembly. Grooves may be placed in the carbon plates on the outer facing surfaces opposite the interface layer, the grooves of one plate being substantially perpendicular to the grooves of the other plate. The impervious region is such to prohibit reactant gases from mixing via through-plane transmission but permit electrical conductivity from plate to plate through the impervious region. A fuel cell, in accordance with the present invention, can employ a plurality of the porous bipolar gas distribution plate assemblies including the inner impervious regions.
According to one embodiment of the process of the present invention, two porous plates or lamina and a layer of sealant material positioned in between the plates, are provided. Pressure and elevated temperature are then applied to the plates and layer of sealant material to melt the layer. The material in the layer impregnates the porous plates as it melts to bond the plates together. Through the proper selection of film thickness, pressure and temperature, the thermoplastic sealant film flows into the pores along the surface of each of the contiguous plates thereby effectively bonding one plate to the other and sealing each such plate along this common interface against gas transfer. Further, before the pressure on the bipolar assembly is removed, cooling is allowed to occur to a lower temperature.
In one embodiment of this process, a thermoplastic film of sealant such as polyethersulphone, is sandwiched between two untreated porous carbon plates; this sandwich placed in a hot-press; the temperature of the hot-press elevated so as to heat the composite to a temperature in the range of approximately 500�-700� F.; and, the sandwich compressed under a pressure of approximately 200 to 500 psi. The temperature can be maintained for a suitable period of time, such as a 1/2 hour, and the length of the compression cycle can vary with the flow characteristics of the various sealant materials. Subsequent to the completion of the compression cycle, the resultant sandwich can be maintained under the compressive load within the press and cooled to ensure fusion of the lamina prior to release of pressure. The composite bipolar plate resulting from this process can thereafter be further machined to increase its gas distribution capacity, or, if the porosity of the plate is sufficient, used as is.
The invention will now be described with regard to the following drawings and description in which like elements have been given common reference numbers:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a fuel cell assembly comprising a plurality of stacked fuel cells with intermediate cooling plates and terminal current collecting plates.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of the fuel cell assembly of FIG. 1 illustrating an individual fuel cell having bipolar assemblies in greater detail.
FIGS. 3a-3c describe prior art methods of forming bipolar plate assemblies used in the fuel cell stack systems.
FIG. 4 is a elevational view of the process of forming a porous bipolar gas distribution plate assembly in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an elevational view of porous bipolar gas distribution plate assembly made in accordance with the process illustrated in FIG. 4.
An exemplary fuel cell stack assembly 10 employing a plurality of fuel cells 11 in accordance with this invention is now described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Hydrogen gas input manifolds 12 are arranged along one side of the stack assembly 10. While a plurality of manifolds 12 are shown for each group of fuel cells 11, if desired, a single manifold arrangement could be used. The manifolds 12 are connected to a source of hydrogen gas 14. Hydrogen gas collecting manifolds 15 are arranged along the opposing stack side in correspondence with the gas input manifolds 12. Here again, while a plurality of manifolds 15 are shown, a single manifold could be used if desired. The collecting manifolds 15 are, in turn, connected to a hydrogen gas discharging or recirculating system 17. The hydrogen gas from the input manifolds 12 flows through gas distribution plates 18 to the collecting manifolds 15.
In a similar fashion, a plurality of oxygen or air input manifolds (not shown) are arranged along the stack side (not shown) connecting the one stack side and the opposing stack side. These oxygen manifolds are connected to an oxygen source 19. The oxygen may be supplied in the form of air rather than pure oxygen if desired. In a similar fashion, a plurality of collecting manifolds are arranged along the stack side (not shown) opposing the stack side having the oxygen input manifolds and connecting the respective one stack side and opposing stack side. These manifolds would also be connected to an oxygen storage or recirculating system (not shown). The oxygen or air from the input manifolds (not shown) flows through the oxygen gas distribution plates 20 to the respective collecting manifolds (not shown).
In this embodiment, cooling plates 21 are arranged periodically between adjacent fuel cells 11. Three cooling plates 21 are shown arranged intermediate each four cell 11 array. The cooling fluid flowing through the cooling plates 21 can be any suitable material such as a dielectric high temperature oil manufactured by Monsanto under the trade name "Therminol." A pump 22 circulates the cooling fluid via conduit 23 and input manifold 24 into the respective cooling plates 21. The cooling fluid then flows into collecting manifold 25 which is connected to a heat exchanger 26 for reducing the temperature of the cooling fluid to the desired input temperature. A conduit 27 then connects the heat exchangr back to the pump 22 so that the fluid can be recirculated through the respective cooling plates 21.
The fuel cells 11 and the cooling plates 21 are electrically conductive so that when they are stacked as shown, the fuel cells 11 are connected in series. In order to connect the stack assembly 10 to a desired electrical load, current collecting plates 28 are employed at the respective ends of the stack assembly 10. Positive terminal 29 and negative terminal 30 are connected to the current collecting plates 28 as shown and may be connected to the desired electrical load by any conventional means.
Each fuel cell 11 is made up of a plurality of elements and includes a hydrogen gas distribution plate 18 and an oxygen or air distribution plate 20. Arranged intermediate the respective gas distribution plates 18 and 20 are the following elements starting from the hydrogen gas distribution plate 18; anode 31, anode catalyst 32, electrolyte 33, cathode catalyst 34 and cathode 35. These elements 31-35 of the fuel cell 11 may be formed of any suitable material in accordance with conventional practice.
The hydrogen gas distribution plate 18 is arranged in contact with the anode 31. Typically, the anode comprises a carbon material having pores which allow the hydrogen fuel gas to pass through the anode to the anode catalyst 32. The anode 31 is preferably treated with Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) to prevent the electolyte 33, which is preferably an immobilized acid, from flooding back into the area of the anode. If flooding were allowed to occur, the electrolyte would plug up the pores in the anode 31 and lessen the flow of hydrogen fuel through the cell 11.
The anode catalyst 32 is preferably a platinum containing catalyst. The cell 11 is formed of an electrically conductive material, such as a carbon based material except for the immobilized acid electrolyte layer which does not conduct electrons but does conduct hydrogen ions. The various elements, 18, 31-35, and 20 are compressed together under a positive pressure. The electrolyte 33, such as phosphoric acid, is immobilized by being dispersed in a gel or paste matrix so that the acid is not a free liquid. An exemplary electrolyte matrix could comprise a mixture of phosphoric acid, silicon carbide particles and Teflon particles.
The cathode catalyst 34 and the cathode 35 are formed of the same types of materials as the respective anode catalyst 32 and anode 31. Therefore, the anode 31 and the cathode 35 comprise porous carbon and the anode catalyst 32 and cathode catalyst 34 can comprise a platinum containing catalyst. The cathode 35 can also be treated with Teflon to prevent the electrolyte from flooding back into the porous carbon comprising the cathode.
All of the elements of the cell 11 are arranged in intimate contact as shown in FIG. 2. In order to provide an electrically interconnected stack assembly 10, bipolar assembly 36 is used to connect together adjacent fuel cells 11. A bipolar assembly 36 is comprised of a hydrogen gas distribution plate 18 and an oxygen or air distribution plate 20 bonded together at inner impervious interface region 37 shown cross-hatched. Therefore, a bipolar assembly 36 is comprised of the hydrogen gas distribution plate 18 of one cell 11 and the oxygen or air gas distribution plate 20 of the next adjacent cell 11. The interface region 37 will be described in more detail hereinafter in connection with the description of FIGS. 4 and 5.
In order to facilitate the gas flow in the gas distribution plates 18 and 20, respective channels or grooves 38 or 39 are employed. The grooves 38 in the hydrogen gas distribution plate 18 are arranged orthogonally to the grooves 39 in the oxygen or air gas distribution plate 20. This allows the grooves to be easily connected to respective input and output manifolds 12 and 15, for example, on opposing sides of the cell stack assembly 10. Although grooves within a particular plate, such as plates 18 or 20, are shown as extending in a unidirectional manner in FIG. 2, there also can be cross-channels made between these grooves to aid in the distribution of the fluidic reactant materials. When such cross-channels are utilized, the primary flow of reactants is still in the direction of the grooves 38 and 39 shown in FIG. 2; that is, in the direction that the reactants flow between the reactant's input and collecting manifolds.
The gas distribution plates 18 and 20 supply the respective hydrogen and oxygen or air gases to the surfaces of their respective anode 31 or cathode 35. In order to more evenly distribute the respective gases at the anode 31 or cathode 35 plate surfaces, the gas distribution plates 18 and 20 are formed of a porous material such as porous carbon. This allows the respective gases to flow through the pores of the plates 18 and 20 between the respective channels 38 or 39 to provide more uniform gas distribution over the face of the respective anode 31 or cathode 35.
Referring now to FIG. 3, prior art methods of forming bipolar assemblies are briefly described. In FIG. 3a, assembly 300 of three plates, called the A-B-A assembly, is shown comprising two grooved porous carbon plates 302 and 304 and an impervious plate 306 positioned between plates 302 and 304. The grooves in the carbon plates are gas distribution channels, each plate's channels (channels 308 in plate 302, the channels in plate 304 are not visible in this figure) being substantially perpendicular to each other. The two porous plates are generally sealed along their edges so that the reactants cannot escape and mix with each other. The impervious plate 306 prevents reactants from through-plane transmission; that is, passage from porous plate 304 to porous plate 302 through the plane of impervious plate 306. Electrical conductivity between the plates 302 and 304 must be preserved, however. The A-B-A assembly requires the addition of the plate 306, thereby causing extra steps in bonding the assembly together and increasing the size of the assembly by the thickness of the impervious plate 306.
FIG. 3b shows another prior art approach to providing a bipolar assembly. A single channeled porous carbon gas distribution plate 320 is shown although in use it is assembled with another such plate to form a bipolar assembly. After the channels 322 are made, five or six layers of a suitable material such as a resin or carbonized material are placed on or impregnated into all surfaces. This technique substantially eliminates the surface porosity of the plate and significantly reduces the plate's ability to receive and store acid. Also, the sealing layer on the plate is quite thin and if damaged could reexpose the pores in sealing layer surface of the plate thereby providing a passage for unwanted through-plate transmission of reactant gases.
Finally, FIG. 3c shows a plating approach to bipolar assembly construction. A non-porous aluminum plate 330 is used for gas distribution which has grooves 332 for reactant gas channels. Since the aluminum plate is not porous, it is unlikely to permit the unintended escape of reactants. However, this type of plate does not provide surface porosity for better distribution of reactant gases to the electrodes. Also, the aluminum is subject to corrosion from the electrolyte used in the cell. To prevent this, a layer of non-corrosive material 334 has to be placed over the entire plate. Gold plating is used for this purpose and is obviously quite expensive.
Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, the hot press method for manufacturing the integral impervious region 37 of FIG. 2 is described in connection with FIG. 4. In FIG. 4, two porous gas distribution plates 402 and 404 are shown with a layer of thermoplastic sealant material 406 positioned between. The assembly of plates 402 and 404 and layer of sealant material 406 are pressed together under pressure in a press 410. The temperature of the assembly is elevated to a relatively high temperature while the pressure is being applied causing the layer of sealant material 406 to melt and diffuse into the pores of the plates 402 and 404. The sealant material forms an integral impervious region 500, as shown in FIG. 5, at the interface 502 of plates 402 and 404. Interface 502 is formed by pressing the plates 402 and 404 together into contact after the melting and diffusion of the layer 406.
When the proper amount of thickness of layer 406, pressure and elevated temperature are used, the layer completely impregnates the adjacent plate surfaces to form the impervious region 500 leaving substantially no sealant material between adjacent plate surfaces. Intimate contact at the interface 502 of the plates 402 and 404 thereby results to provide good electrical conductivity. The pressure from press 410 preferably continues to be applied while the plates 402 and 404 are allowed to cool to a lower temperature. This process results in the plates 402 and 404 being bonded and held in electrical contact by an impervious region 500 to form a single porous bipolar gas distribution plate assembly designated generally 510 in FIG. 5. The plates 402 and 404 have good surface porosity, no through-plane porosity for the transmission of reactants across interface 502, but good through-plane electrical conductivity between the plates.
The porous plates 402 and 404 are preferably porous carbon plates. For instance, the plates can be reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) plates; needled-felt plates; or graphite plates. RVC plates have relatively large pores, approximately 0.1 to 1.0 millimeter size, while needled-felt plates have relatively small pores approximately 0.01 to 0.1 millimeter size. Graphite plates can be made of the same material as that commercially available for use as industrial graphite electrodes. They are molded or extruded elements made from graphite particles. Graphite plates have relatively very small pores, approximately 0.001 to 0.01 millimeter size. The graphite material is the preferred material for use as plates 402 and 404.
Porous plates are preferred because cross grooves can be eliminated, reactants can move around the clogs that may be formed in some of the pores, and any electrolyte in the area can be taken up. When designing the bipolar assembly, a balance must be made among all of the above features, a balance must be made among all of the above features as an aid in selecting optimum pore size.
Any suitable material, including electrically insulating materials, can be used for the sealant material. For instance, suitable thermoplastic resin materials can be used. However, the operating temperature of the fuel cell, the nature of the corrosion-producing conditions in the cell, etc., may require the materials used to be selected more carefully. For instance, when a hot electrolyte such as phosphoric acid at temperatures of about 350�-450� F. is used in the cell, suitable candidate materials include FEP Teflon (fluorinated ethylene-propylene), polyparabanic acid, polyethersulphone, polysulphone, polyphenylsulphone and PFA Teflon (perflorinated alkoxy tetrafluoroethylene). The material provides impervious bond between the porous plates 402 and 404 after assimilation into the bipolar assembly and yet does not interfere with electrical conductivity. Suitable candidate materials for such use are FEP Teflon (flouroinated ethylene-propylene), polyparabonic acid and polyethersulphone.
The pressure applied to the two carbon plates 402 and 404 by press 410 must be great enough to force the two opposite surfaces of the plates together into intimate contact but must not be so great as to crush the plate material. In using RVC for plates 402 and 404, the pressure was lowered to approximately 200 psi since RVC material in very brittle and may crack at higher pressures. This may lead to a reduction in electrical conductivity when RVC is used since the points of contact on the adjoining surfaces would be fewer. In using nettled-felt plate material, a pressure of about 1260 psi was used.
Once the assembly of plates and layer of sealant material are placed in the press 410, the temperature is elevated to within a range of between approximately 500� and 700� F., but preferably about 650� F. plus or minus 20�. Generally it takes three or four minutes for the assembly and the press to heat up to the elevated temperature and stabilize from the ambient room temperature during the melting of the layer 406.
After heating takes place for the alloted time, the assembly is cooled, generally to about 350� F. under pressure. Cooling can take place naturally by turning off the heater, or by forced cooling such as by utilizing fans or a water spray. Cooling is continued until the sealant is sufficiently solidified at which time the pressure on the assembly can be removed.
The dynamics of the hot-pressing cycle causes the sealant film to flow into the pores along the surface of each of the porous plates thereby effectively sealing the surface of each such plate along its common interfacial boundary with the other without significant loss or impairment of the porous plate storage and/or gas distribution capacity. Since the sealant film has been redistributed within the pores os each such contiguous plate, or lamina, the distance between each such plate has been reduced, thus, maintaining continuity of electrical contact therebetween. Subsequent to the completion of the hot-pressing cycle, the compression of the sandwich can be maintained until the sandwich is adequately cooled to a temperature which results in solidification of the sealant within the pores.
Any suitable thickness of sealant material can be used to form the plate. It has been found that thicknesses of about 0.005 to 0.020 inches have produced bipolar plates with good sealing ability. It has also been found that when the thinner sealant layers are used, it is preferable to assure that the surfaces of the plates are relatively flat. They can be made flat by sanding or some other suitable technique.
One example of a bipolar assembly produced by the process of the invention is as follows. A needled-felt carbon material approximately 0.100 to 0.125 inches thick, as supplied by Pfizer, Incorporated, was used for the gas distribution plates. A layer of polyethersulphone sealant material approximately 0.020 inches thick was placed between the plates. The carbon plate-sealant assembly was then held together at approximately 500 lbs. per square inch at between approximately 500� and 700� F. for approximately 1/2 hour. The assembly was then allowed to cool to approximately 300� F. under a pressure of approximately 500 lbs. per square inch. Using a 0.0200 inch thick layer of polyethersulphone, the resulting bipolar assembly was leak-tested with good results.
Another example of a bipolar assembly produced by the process herein is using an extruded Great Lakes' carbon-type HLM plate having relatively fine pores for the gas distribution plates. A layer of polyethersulphone sealant material approximately 0.005 inches thick was placed between the plates. The sealant-plate assembly was then subjected to a pressure of about 900 lbs. per square inch and a temperature of about 700� F. for about one hour. With the pressure still applied, the assembly was then cooled to about 300� F. and then the pressure released. Another plate material used in this process was an Airco Spear 940G extruded graphite material. This latter material was found to be less expensive and exhibited better corrosion resistance as compared to the HLM plate.
To facilitate distribution of the reacting gases, grooves may be placed in each of the porous plates, the grooves typically being approximately 1/16 of an inch deep and approximately 1/16 of an inch wide. If the porous structure in the carbon plates is sufficiently open, the grooves are not necessary. However, grooves are preferred, as are additional cross grooves to help overcome clogs and obstructions occurring in the carbon plates which may cut off flow of the reactants.
The patents and publications described herein are intended to be incorporated by reference herein. The invention may be embodied in other forms or carried out in other ways without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. For instance, current collecting and cooling assemblies having porous plates for distributing reactants there through can also be manufactured as, and embody the structure, described here. If the other elements of the current collecting assemblies and cooling assemblies are made of impervious materials, such as aluminum, the further purpose of interfacial region 37 within the porous distribution plate can be to prevent corrosion of the aluminum plate by the electrolyte as well as bonding the aluminum and porous plates together.
It is understood that a great number of combinations of temperature, pressure, and sealant materials can be utilized to make a desirable assembly. The temperature used should be sufficient to enable the sealant to flow into the pores of the plate. The pressure applied should be of sufficient value to place the two plate members in contact as the sealant flows into the pores. However, the pressure should not be so great as to cause crushing or other types of damage to the plates.
It should be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the invention. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the scope of the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|12 Aug 1969
|21 Mar 1972
|Bosch Gmbh Robert
|Fuel cell with electrode holder
|29 Sep 1981
|22 Feb 1983
|United Technologies Corporation
|Ribbed electrode substrates
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|3 Apr 1985
|1 Apr 1986
|Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Carbonaceous fuel cell electrode substrate incorporating three-layer separator, and process for preparation thereof
|27 Aug 1984
|12 Aug 1986
|Engelhard Corporation
|Corrosion protected, multi-layer fuel cell interface
|16 Sep 1986
|4 Apr 1989
|Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Carbonaceous composite product produced by joining carbonaceous materials together by tetrafluoroethylene resin, and process for producing the same
|2 Nov 1987
|25 Apr 1989
|International Fuel Cells
|Method of operating an electrochemical cell stack
|18 Nov 1985
|8 Aug 1989
|Kurcha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Process for preparing a carbonaceous fuel cell electrode substrate incorporating three-layer separator
|19 Sep 1988
|3 Apr 1990
|International Fuel Cells Corporation
|Method for making a seal structure for an electrochemical cell assembly
|31 Aug 1995
|15 Apr 1997
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Flow field assembly for electrochemical fuel cells
|3 Nov 1995
|18 Nov 1997
|Globe-Union, Inc.
|Bipolar battery and method of making same
|6 Nov 1995
|30 Dec 1997
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Process for preparing a membrane/electrode assembly
|31 Jul 1997
|9 Feb 1999
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Electrode ink for membrane electrode assembly
|19 May 1997
|6 Apr 1999
|Aer Energy Resources, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for joining metal-air cells
|19 May 1998
|18 Apr 2000
|Aer Energy Resources, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for joining metal-air cells
|26 Mar 1998
|27 Jun 2000
|Ballard Power Systems Inc.
|Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and stacks with adhesively bonded layers
|21 May 1998
|15 Aug 2000
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Bipolar plates for electrochemical cells
|14 Sep 1999
|17 Jul 2001
|Plug Power Inc.
|Sealing system for fuel cells
|23 May 1997
|6 Nov 2001
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Macroporous flow field assembly
|27 Aug 1999
|12 Mar 2002
|Plug Power Inc.
|Profiled fuel cell flow plate gasket
|10 Mar 2000
|17 Dec 2002
|Ballard Power Systems Inc.
|Polymer electrolyte membrane electrochemical fuel cells and stacks with adhesively bonded layers
|22 Jun 2001
|17 Aug 2004
|Ballard Power Systems Inc.
|Systems, apparatus and methods for bonding and/or sealing electrochemical cell elements and assemblies
|31 Mar 2001
|5 Oct 2004
|Honeywell International Inc.
|Electrical discharge machining of carbon-containing work pieces
|9 Jun 2004
|23 Jun 2009
|Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc.
|Stack supported solid oxide fuel cell
|2 Mar 2010
|Altergy Systems, Inc.
|Electrical contacts for fuel cells
|15 Aug 2007
|16 Mar 2010
|Altergy Systems, Inc.
|Integrated and modular BSP/MEA/manifold plates for fuel cells
|26 May 2009
|20 Dec 2011
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Method of operating an electrical energy storage device using microchannels during charge and discharge
|24 Jan 2012
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|System for altering temperature of an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using high thermal conductivity materials based on states of the device
|26 May 2009
|6 May 2014
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|System and method of operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using thermal conductivity materials based on mobile device states and vehicle states
|4 Apr 2007
|8 Jul 2014
|Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc.
|SOFC stack having a high temperature bonded ceramic interconnect and method for making same
|26 May 2009
|12 Aug 2014
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|System for operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using microchannels based on mobile device states and vehicle states
|26 May 2009
|23 Jun 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|System and method of altering temperature of an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using microchannels
|26 May 2009
|28 Jul 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|System for altering temperature of an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using microchannels based on states of the device
|31 Mar 2001
|3 Oct 2002
|Ilan Golecki
|Electrical discharge machining of carbon-containing work pieces
|14 Apr 2003
|27 Nov 2003
|Reichert David L.
|Treated gas diffusion backings and their use in fuel cells
|19 Mar 2004
|9 Dec 2004
|Sarin Vinod K.
|One-step consolidation process for manufacturing solid oxide fuel cells
|9 Jun 2004
|27 Jan 2005
|Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc.
|Stack supported solid oxide fuel cell
|30 Jul 2003
|3 Feb 2005
|Altergy Systems
|Electrical contacts for fuel cells
|20 Oct 2003
|15 Mar 2007
|Yasuaki Takeuchi
|Proton exchange membrane fuel cell using solid electrolyte membrane of sheet silicate minerals and an intercalation compound
|24 Mar 2004
|29 Mar 2007
|Peter Andrin
|Integrated electrically conductive electrochemical cell component
|9 Jan 2007
|2 Aug 2007
|Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc.
|Fuel cell components having porous electrodes
|4 Apr 2007
|11 Oct 2007
|Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc.
|Sofc stack having a high temperature bonded ceramic interconnect and method for making same
|15 Aug 2007
|20 Mar 2008
|Altergy Systems
|Integrated and modular bsp/mea/manifold plates for fuel cells
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
|System for altering temperature of an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using high thermal conductivity materials based on states of the device
|26 May 2009
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete LLC, a limited liabllity corporation of the state of Delaware
|System for operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using microchannels based on mobile device states and vehicle states
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
|System and method of operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using thermal conductivity materials based on mobile device states and vehicle states
|26 May 2009
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The Sate Of Delaware
|System for altering temperature of an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using microchannels based on states of the device
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
|System and method of operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device, during charge or discharge using microchannels and high thermal conductivity materials
|26 May 2009
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
|Method of operating an electrical energy storage device using microchannels during charge and discharge
|26 May 2009
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
|System and method of operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using microchannels and high thermal conductivity materials
|26 May 2009
|2 Dec 2010
|Chan Alistair K
|System and method of altering temperature of an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using high thermal conductivity materials
|26 May 2009
|2 Dec 2010
|Searete Llc. A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
|Method of operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using high thermal conductivity materials during charge and discharge
|12 Aug 1987
|18 Feb 1988
|Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd
|Zusammengesetztes substrat fuer brennstoffzellen und verfahren zum herstellen derselben
|25 May 2001
|5 Dec 2001
|Kabushiki Kaisha Riken
|Embossed current collector separator for electrochemical fuel cell
|23 Mar 2012
|29 Jan 2014
|Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.
|Conductive porous layer for batteries and fabrication method for same
|18 May 1999
|25 Nov 1999
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Bipolar plates for electrochemical cells
|24 Mar 2004
|7 Oct 2004
|E.I. Du Pont Canada Company
|Integrated electrically conductive electrochemical cell component
|24 Mar 2004
|28 Jul 2005
|I E Du Pont Canada Company
|Integrated electrically conductive electrochemical cell component
|U.S. Classification
|429/457, 429/210, 429/469, 429/518, 429/510, 429/514
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|11 Apr 1983
Owner name: ENGELHARD CORPORATION,
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:DETTLING, CHARLES J.;TERRY, PETER L.;REEL/FRAME:004118/0148
Effective date: 19830406
|1 Jul 1988
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|21 Oct 1992
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|21 Dec 1992
|Surcharge for late payment
|21 Dec 1992
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|7 Apr 1993
Owner name: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE, AS REPRESENTED BY T
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ENGELHARD CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:006475/0962
Effective date: 19921112
|22 Aug 1996
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Corrections Corporation of America (CXW)
Industry: Consumer Services
Community Rating:
View: CXW Pre-Market
Edit Symbol List
Enter up to 25 symbols separated by commas or spaces in the text box below. These symbols will be available during your session for use on applicable pages.
Don't know the stock symbol? Use the
Symbol Lookup tool.
Alphabetize the sort order of my symbols
Symbol Lookup
Investing just got easier…
Sign up now to become a NASDAQ.com member and begin receiving instant notifications when key events occur that affect the stocks you follow.Access Now
Corrections Corp. of America. (CXW)
Q2 FY08 Earnings Call
August 7, 2008, 11:00 AM ET
John D. Ferguson - Chairman of the Board and CEO
Todd Mullenger - EVP and CFO
David Garfinkle - VP, Finance and Controller
Damon Hininger - President and COO
Todd Van Fleet - First Analysis Corporation
Kevin Campbell - Avondale Partners
Barry Stouffer - BB&T Capital Markets
William Bill Gilchrist - Westfield Capital
Previous Statements by CXW
» Corrections Corporation of America Q1 2009 Earnings Call Transcript
» Corrections Corporation of America Q4 2008 Earnings Call Transcript
» Corrections Corp. of America Q3 2008 Earnings Call Transcript
Before we begin, let me remind today's listeners that this call contains forward-looking statements pursuant to the Safe Harbor provisions of the Securities and Litigation Reform Act. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from statements made today. Factors that could cause operating and financial results to differ are described in the press release, as well as our Form 10-K and other documents filed with the SEC.
This call may include discussions of non-GAAP measures. The reconciliation of the most comparable GAAP measurement is provided in our corresponding earnings release or are posted on our website. We are under no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrences of unanticipated events.
Participating on today's call will be our Chairman of the Board and CEO, John Ferguson and Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Todd Mullenger.
I'd now like to turn the call over to Mr. Ferguson. Please go ahead, sir.
John D. Ferguson - Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you. And also welcome everyone to CCA's 2008 second quarter conference call. In the room with Todd and me is Dave Garfinkle, our Vice President of Finance and then also attending is Damon Hininger, originally appointed President and Chief Operating Officer.
So we will begin with Todd in the opening comments about our second quarter results.
Todd Mullenger - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, John, and good morning, everyone. We are very pleased with our second quarter operating results. So let's move straight to summary of those results.
In the second quarter 2008, we generated $0.30 per diluted share, compared to EPS for last year's Q2 of $0.26 per diluted share, representing an increase in EPS of over 15%. EBITDA increased 14% to $96.7 million for the quarter.
Adjusted free cash flow for the quarter increased 33% to $56.4 million. The growth in adjusted free cash flow is significantly higher than EPS growth, due primarily to changes in depreciation expense and maintenance CapEx.
Depreciation expense increased 17% over 2007, while maintenance CapEx decreased 34%. The increase in depreciation expense obviously has a negative impact on EPS. However, Depreciation expense is added back in arriving at adjusted free cash flow, while maintenance CapEx is deducted.
As we have discussed on prior occasions, unlike other industries, our depreciation expense is not reflective of the maintenance CapEx that we will incur to maintain our facilities. For example, depreciation and amortization expense totaled $22 million for Q2 2008, versus just $7 million of facility maintenance and IT CapEx in Q2.
So as we have commented before, we believe adjusted free cash flow is in many ways a better measure than EPS of the return we are delivering to our shareholders.
Total revenue for this year's second quarter was up 10.2% over the last year, an increase of $36.8 million. Total compensated man-days in Q2 increased 5.8%, compared to the previous year. Revenue per compensated man-day in Q2 increased 4.8% to $56.69. Now while compensated man-days increased 5.8%, average compensated occupancy for the second quarter actually declined from 99% to 97%, as a result of placing approximately 7200 new beds in the service since the first quarter of 2007, 2600 of these beds were placed into service during the first half of 2008.
With regards to the 5.8% increase in revenue per compensated man-day, results in Q2 2008 reflect the impact from certain pricing leverage we enjoyed from renegotiating several contracts. The increase in populations under our state of California contract which pays an above average per diem, as well as routine per diem increases.
Moving next to discussion of operating costs, operating costs per man-day for Q2 2008 were $39.46, a 2.9% increase over Q2 2007. Our Q2 2008 operating costs per man-day reflect normal wage and other general inflationary increases, as well as operating inefficiencies associated with the ramp-up of new bed activations at facilities such as Tallahatchie, North Fork, Kit Carson, Bent County and Leavenworth.
As we have discussed previously, the operating costs per man-day on newly activated beds starts off higher, as we are ramping up fixed costs, particularly staffing costs, and then decline as we increased occupancy which allows us to leverage those fixed costs lower on a per compensated man-day basis.
Operating margins per man-day in Q2 2008 increased 9.5% or $17.23, with an operating margin percentage of 30.4%. As a result of the operating costs inefficiencies we just discussed, margins on inmates placed a newly-developed beds will be depressed during the facility ramp-up period. However, the margins per compensated man-day on new beds will improve over time as we approach full occupancy on those new beds. And we experienced some improvement in Q2 as we filled additional beds at facilities such and North Fork.
General and administrative expenses for the quarter were 5% of revenues. An increase in G&A compared to Q2 2007 was due primarily to the expansion of our real estate department as we added resources to assist in the development of new beds, increased focused at the corporate level on quality and efficiency of facility operations, and an increase in non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to the change in accounting rules. Our goal is to keep G&A at approximately 5% of revenues going forward.
GAAP income tax expense for the quarter was computed based upon the rate of approximately 38%, and we currently anticipate a rate of 38% for full year 2008.
So, in summary, we're very pleased with our second quarter operating results and with the progress we've made developing and activating new capacity to meet the demand for prison beds.
I will finish with the discussion of our guidance for 2008. As indicated in the press release, we have updated full year guidance to a range of a $1.21 to a $1.24, compared to previous guidance of a $1.21 to a $1.28. Guidance for Q3 is in a range of $0.29 to $0.31 and Q4 in a range of $0.33 to $0.35. We have revised guidance primarily as a result of delays we have experienced in the intake of inmates under our contract with the state of California.
Read the rest of this transcript for free on seekingalpha.com


text:
Feel like home at ringtones service Audiko.net, where it's possible to search for hot ringtones for your ringer. Today we have a ringtone of "tnt" by TNT as well as 191 other ringtones by TNT. You can listen to all 9 TNT – "tnt" ringtone variations available here and download it for free directly to your mobile. You can also listen to other 33 albums produced by TNT for all time. "tnt" is referred to Hard Rock, and you can download a huge amount of Hard Rock compilations absolutely for free. And finally, we have collected lyrics for this track and you can view it here as well. So feel free to browse, listen, download ringtones at Audiko.net. Make your phone sound cool!
TNT TNT Ringtone
Similar Ringtones
Browse Genres
80s Hard Rock Heavy Metal Melodic Metal Melodic Rock Metal Rock Rock Gaúcho hardstyle tnt


text:
fixedude has some good links about bike-related stuff in japan in the "moving to osaka" thread yesterday if anyone's interested.Originally Posted by fixedude
cam: the nishiki conversion is done and i'll get you your black-black soon. i'll throw in some other goodies to sweeten the pot. keith did a great job patching up the nishiki (the top tube protector was a nice touch!!)..bb and headset were doa but it's up and running. i rode it into work and it felt great. it's currently running 48x15..keith, i might take you up on the 42x15 offer if the weather gets icy/snowy/slushy. the size difference is quite something though.. the sannino is 56, and the nishiki is a 52? i'll try and get pics up.


text:
Jim Abbott was a major league pitcher with the Los Angeles Angels and the New York Yankees, among other teams. Born in 1967, he was an All-American at the University of Michigan, won a gold medal with the 1988 Olympic baseball team, and threw a no-hitter at Yankee Stadium in 1993. He retired in 1999. Abbott has worked with the Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment Policy, has been a guest pitching instructor for the Los Angeles Angels, and has appeared as a motivational speaker. He lives with his wife and two children in Anaheim.
" Royce and Hadrian are business partners. Their business? Crime. One a mercenary, the other a thief, they peddle their unique services to the wealthy aristocrats of the lands of Avryn. Or at least, ..."
> read more
" Narcotics officer Cal Moore was supposed to detail the lastest L.A. drug murder. Instead, he winds up in a motel room, his head busted open, with a suicide note stuffed in his back pocket. Long ago, ..."
> read more
" Something About You, the first book in the FBI-US Attorney Series is perfect listening for a day at the beach or a long automobile trip. Author Julie James establishes suspense early in the plot with ..."
> read more
Audiobooks Were Restored to Your Cart
[ShoppingCartItemsAddedOnMerge] audiobook(s) were left in your cart from a previous visit, and saved to your account for your convenience. You may view or remove these audiobooks on the shopping cart page.


text:
Tag Archives
Michael de Waal-Montgomery,
3 years ago
Share the post "Not staying long? Now you can rent furniture for your Shenzhen flat"
Ellen Wang,
4 years ago
Share the post "Want to avoid traffic? Shenzhen provides free bike rentals"
Cam MacMurchy,
5 years ago
Share the post "If you have cheap rent, lock it in"
Here's what you'll get.
Open WeChat and tap"Scan QR code" to follow us
WeChat id: thenanfang


text:
StartUpHire is the place to find Mobile jobs in and near Glendale. Review the list of Mobile Glendale career opportunities to the left. These Mobile jobs represent some of the most rewarding careers available.
You can refine your job search for Mobile career opportunities in Glendale by adding a job title, company name, or keyword to the search box above … or click the "Advanced Search" link for more options.
Don't see the employment opportunity you're looking for? Check back soon for more Mobile jobs in Glendale, or sign up for an email alert (link below) to receive periodic updates on new Mobile jobs in Glendale, AZ.
Demand for Mobile Professionals in Glendale, AZ
Mobile Jobs in Minneapolis, MN
Phoenix, Arizona Job Description All Covered, IT Services Division of Konica Minolta Business Solutions (KMBS), is the leading national IT services company serving SMB to enterprise markets. Offering a wide variety of career opportunities, All Covered is an excellent choice for5/11/2016 Phoenix, AZ Save This Job
Job Locations US-AZ-Tempe Category Recruitment Type .. More information about this job: Overview: Shiftgig is actively seeking an Experienced Bilingual Housekeeping Recruiter. In this role, you will manage all staffing with our hotel clients and be primarily focused on3/29/2016 Tempe, AZ Save This Job
Location:Tempe, AZ Department:Fulfillment Description Ninety percent of buyers say online reviews influence their purchasing decisions. A difference of one ?star? in a rating leads to a 5 to 9 percent difference in revenue. Yet companies struggle to ensure that their reviews5/24/2016 Teme, AZ Save This Job
Careers: Engagement Guide ? AZ Apply to this position. Location: Phoenix, Arizona Department: Clinical Services Report to: Manager, Coaching Services Who is RedBrick Health? RedBrick Health is inspired by a singular purpose: to help people be healthy. We are a consumer health5/10/2016 Phoenix, AZ Save This Job
Operations Scottsdale, AZ Job Description About us: Revionics delivers the industry?s most powerful End-to-End Merchandise Optimization solution, enabling retailers of all sizes to execute a fact-based Omni-channel merchandising strategy utilizing the most comprehensive set of5/4/2016 Scottsdale, AZ Save This Job


text:
Reaping big rewards from small print runs
There's no doubt that a glossy, high-quality magazine bearing a brand's name can boost a consumer's interest in a product. That may be why some of the most widely distributed magazines in the UK are published by brands, with Sky, Sainsbury's and Asda leading the pack.
Media Week looks at how smaller brands can benefit from customer publishing >> Read more »
ABC figures reveal growth in customer publishing sector
If you work in publishing you'll know the big news this week has been the announcement of the latest ABCs. There are some interesting stories too, most notably Condé Nast's Wired debuting with a respectable 48,000 sales, Private Eye at an 18 year high and Haymarket's Stuff bucking the trend for technology magazines with a rise of 13.2%.
But perhaps most impressive is how well customer publishing is faring. ABC results show that customer magazines now occupy the seven consecutive positions by circulation with the medium representing a third of the magazines in the top 100. Read more »
Archant Dialogue appointed to produce BPA members magazine
Archant Dialogue has been appointed to work alongside the BPA editor to produce the six times a year magazine for BPA members. The BPA was founded in 1962 to organise govern and further the advancement of sport parachuting in the UK.
There are now around 30 BPA affiliated clubs and centres and a membership of more than 30,000. Skydive magazine is the most authoritative voice in the parachuting world. Read more »
Customer Publishing main growth area for Future
Specialist consumer publisher Future has reported circulation revenue down four per cent and advertising down 13 per cent in the first quarter. The one growth area for the business was customer publishing, where the company said revenues were up 10 per cent. Read more »
Know your ereader - The Hearst Skiff
Who makes it? The Skiff is pretty much unique as an ereader as it is the brainchild not of a consumer electronics manufacturer but a magazine publishers Hearst Digital (or rather its digital division Hearst Interactive Media). It is also unique in that it is the first ereader to be specifically developed to showcase magazine/periodical style content rather than majoring on displaying on books. Read more »


text:
There is a lot of misunderstanding and that creates not needed mess in some threads...It got me thinking...
Let's say I post something about my tire choice. 700x28 Vittoria Rubino at 110psi as a bomb proof tire. Now, I'm at around 280 lbs, hybrid bike and riding mostly on smooth surfaces. Other person reading my post may be half of my weight, riding more rough trails, road bike instead of hybrid and so on... Obviously even with same tire there is two completely different needs. He will need less psi which will change how the tires behave and so on.
I know it may be a nightmare to add new option to the forum software, but something in a similar form to the signature with few extra info may help clear potential questions from others. I'm talking rider weight, type of bike, type of riding... Going even further, user with more than one bike could create few of these extra info files and be able to attach/use the right one to his posting just clicking the check mark in the window where he writes the post.
Just an idea from a tired cyclist....sorry if I wasn't too clear. Its late lol


text:
Reviews for Guesthouse DvoshkoAddress: Ive Roica 56, Hvar, Croatia
Rooms from: US$ 27.10
Ratings Explained
(Hostelworld.com and Affiliate sites)
The following reviews were submitted by customers who booked through our sister site, Hostelworld.com, in the last 12 months.
The ratings in the rating box are based on all-time feedback for the property and are the opinions of the customers who submitted them; they do not express the opinions of Hostelworld.com or our affiliate sites.
Overall Rating (50 Ratings)
Customer Reviews for Guesthouse Dvoshko
laurenwhelpdale9561, from England ~ 21st Aug 2015
ben_harris2534, from Australia ~ 19th Aug 2015
graymatthew879548, from Canada ~ 23rd Jul 2015
andrepalminha1893, from Portugal ~ 14th Aug 2015
, from England ~ 10th Aug 2015
gambo158600, from England ~ 21st Jul 2015
Ashley, from Canada ~ 22nd Jul 2015
leahsinger42888, from Canada ~ 7th Jul 2015
jarno_valkama9220, from Finland ~ 23rd Jul 2015
ingridmaurenbrecher7191, from New Zealand ~ 11th Jul 2015


text:
"Diana_P's new Brookville Page" Brookville by Diana_P
Brookville Travel Guide: 1 reviews and 6 photos
This is my hometown! A 'blink and you miss it' town where the county seat is maybe 5000 people. The main attraction here is the reservoir -- swimming, boating. Nice green rolling hills and some nice hiking trails, particularly at Whitewater State Park in Liberty, about a half hour north of Brookville. This is small town Americana.
Reviews (2)
The lake, and Whitewater State park. You're also close to Cincinnati, so you might consider Kings Island Amusement park. more travel advice
Besides Whitewater State Park in Liberty, I recommend river rafting and the local fair in the summer. As I said, this is... more travel advice
Diana_P's Related Pages
Brookville Travel Guide
Member Travel Pages
- "Diana_P's new Brookville Page"
- "Brookville, Franklin County, Indiana"
- See All...
- See All...
- Member Rank:
- 3 0 8 8 5
- 21 Reviews
- 0 Photos
- Add Friend
- Follow
- Send Message
Badges & Stats in Brookville
- 2 Reviews
- 0 Photos
- 0 Forum posts
- 0 Comments
- 428PageViews
- See All Stats
- See All Badges (2)
Have you been to Brookville?Share Your Travels
Latest Activity in Brookville
- Wrote a Review The lake, and Whitewater State... in Brookville Things to Do
- created a Brookville Travel Page "Diana_P's new Brookville Page"
Top 5 Pages
- Oregon Intro, 6 reviews
- New Jersey Intro, 3 reviews
- Flagstaff Intro, 3 reviews
- New Orleans Intro, 2 reviews
- Phoenix Intro, 2 reviews
No friends yet.


text:
Key things you need to know aboutDr. Cibik:
Dr. Cibik's Experience
Research training, expertise and qualifications
Dr. Cibik's Specialties
- Ophthalmology
- View all 2 Specialties and 1 board certification
Procedures Dr. Cibik Performs
- Cataract Removal Surgery
- Ocular Prosthetics
- See all 3 procedures
Conditions Dr. Cibik Treats
- Aphakia and Other Disorders of Lens
- Astigmatism
- See all 11 conditions
More About Dr. Cibik's Background
Hospital Quality
The right hospital is as important as the right doctor
- Wheeling Hospital
- 1 Medical Park
- Wheeling, WV 26003
9 Facts About Hospital Quality
Patients' risk of dying during a hospital stay for heart bypass surgery could be 87.4% lower, on average, at a hospital rated 5 stars compared to a hospital rated 1 star for that procedure. Choosing the right hospital is critical to your health. View Slideshow
Patient Satisfaction
Patients' feedback on their experience with Dr. Cibik
Likelihood of recommending Dr. Cibik to family and friends is 4.8 out of 5 5 1 33
See More Survey Results
8 Facts About Patient Satisfaction Surveys
Patient satisfaction surveys provide a standardized way of reporting about healthcare experiences. But there can be more than meets the eye when reviewing scores. Here's what you should know
Appointments & Offices
Check insurance plans, locations and make an appointment
Dr. Cibik's Appointment Availabilty
Accepting new patients?
Appointment Availability
- Associates In Ophthalmology
- Associates In Ophthalmology
- 2790 Mosside Blvd Ste 200
- Monroeville, PA 15146
- (412) 373-3344
- Directions
- Associates In Ophthalmology
- 97 Delaware Ave Fl 1
- Uniontown, PA 15401
- (724) 439-4250
- Directions
7 Tips to Prepare for Your Appointment
The key to a successful appointment is communication. To get the most out of your visit, prepare ahead of time so you can lead the conversation with your doctor. These 7 tips will get you ready
Oops, you entered a bad link for Dr. Cibik!
The link you entered contains bad characters or identifiers. Please enter the link exactly as it appears in your email or text message.
Thank You
This confirms that we have received your survey about Dr. Cibik. Please note: Your insights will help other patients make informed decisions. Please note: it may take 1 business day for your survey response to appear.
Thank You
Our records show that you have already confirmed your survey for Dr. Cibik. Please note: it takes 24 hours for your survey results to show up on the doctor's profile.


text:
Fry Me To the Moon 3-10 (Angry Birds Space)
2,922pages on
this wiki
this wiki
Fry Me to the Moon 3-10 is the tenth level in Fry Me to the Moon and the seventieth level in Angry Birds Space.
For Fry Me To the Moon 3-10, fire the Lazer Bird into the small horizontal stone plank near the top of the Space Needle. This should cause the tower to topple eastward and onto the TNT. If necessary, use the Ice and Blue Birds to destroy the structure on the west side. Breaking those three mushrooms on the west isn't a bad idea either. As another alternative, the top of the Space Needle is rather unstable and occasionally will collapse on its own, so perhaps a zero-bird completion is possible.
It is on the grass beneath the Planet and behind the Slingshot.


text:
|Great Purge.See Yezhovshchina.
|Great Schism (1378–1417). "Schism of the West." Unlike the earlier schism with the Orthodox Church in 1054 or the later schism with Protestantism occasioned by the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter Reformation, the Great Schism of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries was political in origin, not doctrinal. The Avignon Captivity of the papacy was finally over, but the possibility of French interference was a constant threat to the small states of north Italy. In 1378, when the last French Pope, Gregory VI, died, Romans insisted on an Italian pontiff and that the popes henceforth remain in Rome. Urban VI was duly elected, but he quickly alienated certain church factions. A council of cardinals at Agnani vitiated his election in favor of a Genoese, Clement VII, whom they elected in his place. Urban refused to step aside and Clement withdrew into French exile at Avignon. As these men died, their place in the Great Schism was taken by successor, and rival, popes. In Rome, Urban VI (1378–1389) was followed by Boniface IX (1389–1404), Innocent VII (1404–1406), and Gregory XII (1406–1415). At Avignon, the longer-lived Clement VII (1378–1394) was succeeded by Benedict XIII (1394–1417). For a while, the French church rejected both lines of popes. There was also an effort to revive conciliar authority (Council of Pisa, 1409), but this effort ended in election of a third line of papal claimants: Alexander V and his successor, John XXIII (1410–1415). In 1414 John convened the Ecumenical Council of Constance to decide the issue. Losing support, Gregory XII resigned. John XXIII and Benedict XIII both refused to resign, but were declared deposed in favor of Martin V. Despite this tortuous sequence, the Catholic Church maintains that the popes constitute a direct and uninterrupted "apostolic" line of succession to Peter, the apostle of Jesus Christ. This was accomplished by later agreement that the line of popes from Urban to Gregory was the true, canonical (authoritative) line, and insistence upon the political rather than doctrinal character of the schism. The Great Schism helped open the door to the political revolution of the Renaissance by removing the universalist claims of the popes from the Italian peninsula during the formative period of its city-state system and by exposing the purely political side of the papacy as a temporal power and later player in that system.
M. Gail, The Three Popes (1969);
J. H. Smith, The Great Schism (1970).


text:
What's the likelihood of being able to use a 15mm box wrench for a pedal swap?
I am not the company I keep.
I'll give it a shot. Pics if successful.
I am not the company I keep.
When I was in my early 20s I got my first job in a bike shop. As the low guy on the totem pole, I got the layoff in the winter. I then got a piecework job building wheels for a regional distributor of bike components (this was before the days of the cheap wheel building robot). Every week I'd come into the office with the wheels I'd built and pick up a new supply of hubs, spokes, and rims. I don't know how many hundreds or thousands of wheels I built that winter but my callouses were so thick I could take pizzas out of the oven with my bare hands.
1980ish Free Spirit Sunbird fixed * 1996 Mongoose IBOC Zero-G * 1995ish Park Pre Pro 825 * 1997 KHS Comp * 1990-ish Scapin * Lemond Buenos Aires Triple
Am I correct in assuming that if I got this frame: http://www.somafab.com/archives/product/rush I could migrate everything over from my kilo except the seat tube? Fork/headset/etc all seem compatible. Although I'd want to replace the fork quickly.
Yeah, open end, and it was successful.
I am not the company I keep.
is that green soma rush frame from cycleclubsports the new nashbar ftp?
You're also supposed to use a special track nut wrench, but a $5 15mm box wrench works just fine.
I am not the company I keep.


text:
Anne Timmons is the illustrator of 'GoGirl!', a series of comics she creates with Trina Robbins for Dark Horse since 2000. Timmons also contributed to the Eisner nominated 'Dignifying Science' and to 'Graphic Classics: Jack London'. Her artwork has appeared on the cover of Comic Book Artist and in BackIssue magazine.
Artwork © 2016 Anne Timmons
Website © 1994-2016 Lambiek
Series and books by Anne Timmons in stock in the Lambiek Webshop:
If you want to help us continue and improve our ever- expanding database, we would appreciate your donation through Paypal.


text:
Admission: Free
Meeting Place: Amphitheater
Meet Park Interpreter BT to learn how to take some great nature photos at Petit Jean State Park. If your camera has a manual mode, we'll get you familiar with it. This is a visual presentation.
Explore Petit Jean State Park with our helpful maps and brochures! Just click on an icon to view, or right-click on your mouse to save a
copy to your computer.


text:
The Grand Rapids Police Department is pleased to announce its Police Officer of the Year and Civilian Employee of the Year for 2014. Officer Joshua Mollan and Cynthia Vanderberg were selected from nominations submitted to the Department's Board of Awards by Service Area, Division, and Unit Commanders.
Officer Joshua Mollan
The Meijer Simply Give program – held three times a year – generated nearly $6 million in 2014 for food pantries throughout the Midwest, bringing the program's overall donation total to nearly $14 million since it began in November 2008.
The retailer's most recent campaign, which ended in January, was the most successful holiday campaign in the program's history, resulting in a total of more than $1.8 million for hungry families.
Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) Director Jamie Clover Adams today announced new opportunities for Michigan businesses thanks to the Specialty Crop Block Grant Program through the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Ag Marketing Services. The program is designed to enhance the competitiveness of Michigan's specialty crops. Grant proposals must be received by MDARD no later than 3 p.m. on March 26, 2015 by submitting them to firstname.lastname@example.com.
SPARTA, Mich. (ChoiceOne Bank) — ChoiceOne Bank recently announced the appointments of Kyle Purdy, Carrie Olson and Angela Anderson, along with staff changes for Patricia Brown, Peggy O'Dea, Dan Wheat and Tina Hall.
"As we continue to grow and expand in the communities we serve, it is necessary for us to expand our levels of expertise and customer service," explained James Bosserd, President and CEO of ChoiceOne Bank. "As the local community bank, our culture is centered on our customers. That means having experienced, caring and professional staff that serve our customers exceptionally well. I am pleased to announce these internal changes."
Kyle Purdy is appointed to Vice President, Controller. He began his career with ChoiceOne Bank in August 2013 as Controller. Purdy graduated with a bachelor's degree in Finance from Grand Valley State University in 2003 and an MBA from GVSU in 2008.
Robert Pero, Senior Vice President and General Manager of Frontier Communications' Michigan operations, has received the prestigious "Technology Newsmaker of the Year" award from the Grand Rapids Business Journal.
The award acknowledges Frontier's capital investments and Pero's leadership since acquiring the Michigan operations from Verizon in 2010. Frontier has invested more than $220 million in Michigan, $30 million of it in 2014. Today, Frontier provides state-of-the-art broadband, voice, video and security communication solutions to residential and commercial customers throughout Michigan. Frontier also offers Frontier Secure, Landline Texting, state-of-the-art phone systems and Metro Ethernet and has is always improving its network systems and processes.
Registration is officially open for Michigan commercial and industrial buildings of all sizes interested in joining the U.S. Green Building Council of West Michigan's (USGBCWM) second annual Battle of the Buildings competition. The statewide competition is an expansion of the Battle of the Buildings that started in West Michigan last year.
Battle of the Buildings is an awards and recognition program for energy use reduction. The competition is a way to encourage energy-efficient practices in buildings across the state of Michigan and to instill a spirit of friendly competition among the area's building owners and operators. Steelcase, Western Michigan University and Nichols have already committed for the 2015 competition totaling over 3,000,000 sq. feet.
The Red Lotus Gallery
The Camera Shop
Hackley Public Library
WZZM 13, 645 Three Mile, Grand Rapids, MI 49544
Powered by Datasphere | LocalSaver.com
Copyright 2016


text:
Subaru IMBA Trail Care Crews
Posted: February 21, 2015 at 8:07:04 PM
In Subaru IMBA Trail Care Crews | Arizona | Southwest | Desert | Wickenburg | Sofies Flat
It's not often the mountain bike crowd is viewed as the poster child for organization, but this past weekend in Wickenburg, AZ. it was this image that promoted a visit to help develop and organize trail access in the area. In partnership with the... Read More / Post Comments
Posted: February 16, 2015 at 11:11:27 AM
In Subaru IMBA Trail Care Crews | Arizona | Southwest | Southwest Region | Kingman | Patrick Kell | Desert | CRATA | Monolith | I40
What makes a town a great place for local residents and a destination too? This is a question that we are asked each and every weekend as we visit communities looking to improve quality of life and tourism traffic through trails. Creating a... Read More / Post Comments
Posted: February 2, 2015 at 2:06:25 PM
In Subaru IMBA Trail Care Crews | trail solutions | Hawaii | Maui | Makawao | Island | MMBC | Khakapao
As more and more communities throughout the country hire professional trail builders, new bike optimized trails are becoming more and more common. Riders have access to more variety, greater trail experiences, which in turn opens up the sport to a... Read More / Post Comments


text:
WASHINGTON — The federal government pays millions of dollars in farm subsidies each year to farmers who have died, because the Agriculture Department lacks the proper controls to make sure the money it sends is going to the right people, a government audit has found.
The Natural Resources Conservation Service, which oversees the Agriculture Department's conservation programs, sent out $10.6 million in payments between 2008 and 2012 to more than 1,000 people who had been dead for more than a year, according to the report.
The Government Accountability Office (GAO), the investigative arm of Congress, said the problem involved several agencies within the department.
The Risk Management Agency, which administers the crop-insurance program, paid $22 million to more than 3,400 policyholders who had been dead for at least two years. The GAO said some of those payments might have been made while the farmer was still alive, but that there was no way to know for sure.
- Seattle's vanishing black community
- Infections are the culprit in Alzheimer's disease, Harvard study suggests
- Designed in Seattle, this $1 cup could save millions of babies
- Bellevue School District seeks to fire football coach Goncharoff over scandal
- 1,000 fraternity, sorority members trash Lake Shasta campsite
Most Read Stories
The findings were released as the House and the Senate prepared to meet to work out their differences on a farm bill that would greatly expand some subsidies, like crop insurance. The report raises questions about the ability of the Agriculture Department to monitor the programs for waste, fraud and abuse.
The department generally agreed with the findings in the report but said it disagreed with the characterization that it did not have sufficient controls in place to detect improper payments.
Still, it acknowledged its controls to identify deceased individuals could be applied more effectively.
Controls over crop insurance, in particular, have been questioned after government investigators found a huge fraud ring last year in North Carolina that for decades siphoned more than $100 million from the program. The fraud ring involved insurance agents, adjusters, farmers and dozens of others.
The GAO said the Agriculture Department had some success in finding improper payments.
The department identified payments to nearly 173,000 deceased individuals from 1999 to 2005, the report said. The Agriculture Department recovered about $1 billion in improper payments.
Still, the GAO suggested the Agriculture Department use the Social Security Administration's Death Master File to identify payments made to dead individuals. The GAO said the agencies used an incomplete version of the data that did not include all deaths.
The Agriculture Department said in May that the Risk Management Agency had begun using a new computer program that compared the full Social Security death data against crop insurance payments.


text:
Personal Philosophy of Education
As an early childhood educator, I realize that I play a major part in the beginning education of small children. I believe that the goal of early childhood education is to support and advance children's development by fostering their individuality, letting them explore their creativity, and help create their ability to become social beings with independent thoughts. By fostering individuality, you are allowing the child to identify with themselves, figuring out through their senses what their likes and dislikes are. Exploring their creativity allows the child the ability to free their minds and use their imaginations and giving them the tools to interact with others their age and have the freedom to make their own decisions.
I believe the purpose of early childhood education is instituting the basic building blocks of learning in a child's early years. This is both important and rewarding. Birth through age five is a pivotal time in a child's development. These are the critical years when a child is most influential and can be easily exposed to learning. Being a part of the initial fundamentals a child needs to grow and adapt into a successful individual is far more gratifying than any salary. A wise friend of mine who has been a 60 year old dentist Pittsburgh and 27 year old father explained how grant it, money is needed to live and operate in society on a daily basis, but giving a young person the tools to be a success academically and personally is worthwhile.
Every child has certain learning and developmental needs. These needs include fostering oral language and communication, making the most of the environment and daily routines, focusing on each child individual personality and characteristics; linking their culture into the learning experience; teaching through social interactions ; teaching conflict resolution and redirecting negative behavior and using technology.
I believe that effective teaching is tailored to the needs of each child when all children's levels of learning are acknowledged and understood. Through small group activities, group activities and one-on-one, the learning capacities of the children can be observed so that as the teacher I can adjust my lesson plans and curriculum accordingly.


text:
US Army 7th Infantry Division Fort Ord Patch and Pin
- Sold for: Start Free Trial or Sign In to see what it's worth.
- Item Category: Militaria & Weapons
- Source: eBay
- Sold Date: Nov 15, 2007
- Channel: Auction House
Up for your consideration is a nice grouping of insignia from the 7th Infantry Division of Fort Ord, California. The grouping consists of an enamel & metal lapel pin and Class A shoulder patch, both in mint condition.Please note: I will not accept or honour bids from anyone with entirely-negative feedback, or from any established bidders with an excessive amount of negative feedback. If you are new to Ebay or have zero (0) feedback, I would appreciate it if you would contact me before bidding, lest your bid be cancelled without explanation. PAYMENT INFORMATION: Prompt payment for all auctions is required, and you must contact me within three days of the end of the auction to confirm you have received my invoice. My payment preference is for Paypal (from verified customers ONLY), but I also accept money orders or cashier's cheques. Flat Rate postage and packing costs will be $2.50 to U.S. addresses, and airmail postage to most other nations will run about $3.50 USD. Registered mail, insurance, and other mailing options are available at the buyer's expense, and are recommended if you are concerned with postal theft or fraud (I accept no responsibility for any items that go missing in the post). If you win more than a single auction from me, I will combine everything into one parcel to save postage costs, factoring in the overall weight and size of the items, and any special packing considerations. Please check out my other Ebay listings for more interesting, rare and unusual military insignia, berets, uniforms and field kit. I have been collecting international militaria for nearly twenty years, focussing primarily on camouflage combat uniforms, elite unit berets, and special forces/airborne/elite unit insignia, so you can bid with confidence. As founder/director of the International Camouflage Uniform Society (ICUS), as well as a long-time member of Chute & Dagger (airborne/special forces insignia society), I am always pleased to hear from other collectors with similar interests who wish to share information, help with identification, arrange trades, etc. All items in my auctions are described accurately and honestly to the best of my knowledge and are believed to be genuine unless specifically stated otherwise. All items are sold as is, and all sales are final. Contact me if you have further questions, but please be polite and articulate if you want an answer. Thanks for looking and best of luck!


text:
Visit our other Wisconsin Historical Society websites!
Refine or narrow your results by clicking any term in the gray boxes below.
Expand your results by removing any breadcrumb in a gray outlined box above. Click on the blue "X" to remove the term.
Narrow your results by entering a keyword into the search box above. Then click the "Search Within" checkbox, then click on the orange "Search" button.
If you did not find what you are looking for or you did not get any results, try changing your search term(s). See our Search Help page for more tips.
Date: 1926
Description: View across lawn of people in the Glenco Cottages store with an open dining area on the porch. A sign on the tree in front reads: "Please do not take or de...
Description: Spearing sturgeon at the dam in Kilbourn. Man with a sturgeon on spear in foreground, another man with a spear in the background, and a third man sitting i...
Date: 1970-04-25 ca.
Description: Geoff Cook, wearing a headband and a jacket, stands on the Sound Storm stage near stacks of speakers with another festival staff member. He was the festiva...
Date: date unknown
Description: Man sitting on the ledge on Stand Rock.
Description: Close-up of an unidentified singer performing with an unidentified band on stage at night at the Sound Storm music festival.
Date: 1927
Description: View across road of a large cottage with a front porch on the right, with two people sitting in a lawn chair in front. Down the hill on the left behind tre...
Description: A man stands on the shoreline with a boat near the rock formations in the Sugar Bowl.
Description: Bassist Bob Collins (with a peace symbol on his instrument) from the band Tongue performs at the Sound Storm music festival with drummer Dick Weber visible...
Description: Filling station and office at Brady's Lodge. An attendant is standing by the gas pump. There is a truck parked on the right. Signs on the left read: "Sandw...
Description: View from shoreline of George and Nellie Crandall with two men on their boat "Bessie" at Sugar Bowl.
Description: A group of audience members sit on blankets at the Sound Storm festival with a large crowd visible behind them.
Date: 1900 ca.
Description: Three unidentifed adults standing below Cary Bass, holding a cane and standing in front of his sister Everetta Bass. They are all standing between the rock...
Date: 1945-07-13
Description: German prisoner of war pitching pea vines into a viner at a cannery.
Description: View of the "Winnebago," a paddle-wheel steamboat on the Wisconsin River. Passengers sit on the top deck and a man and two women look over the bow.
Description: Two men standing on the beach at Sugar Bowl, one carrying a canoe and paddle, the other holding a basket.
Date: 1884
Description: A group of men and boys posed around Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway locomotive # 313, a switch engine. The Fox House is in the background.
Description: View across lawn of Berry's Coldwater Canyon Hotel. Sidewalks lead to a two-story building with wrap-around porches and balcony. There are exterior stairs...
Date: 1970-04-25
Description: A biker wearing a fringed leather jacket with a sleeveless denim jacket over it that reads "Windy City M.C. Chicago" stands on the side of the Sound Storm...
Description: Peter Obranovich (better known at the time as "Pete Bobo"), promoter for the festival, on horseback riding up to address the festival staff near the campin...
Description: People playing croquet on a lawn next to tennis courts. In the background on the left, people are relaxing under trees across the road. Cottages are in the...
If you didn't find the material you searched for, our Library Reference Staff can help.
Call our reference desk at 608-264-6535 or email us at:
© 1996-2016 Wisconsin Historical Society, 816 State Street, Madison, WI 53706


text:
Bill Lawrence T1 Single Coil Tele Pickup Neck PositionProduct #300277 Bill Lawrence 300277 LROAAC Telecaster Pickups (Single Coil) https://www.esnapw.com/rses/ESnapServlet?MerchantNumberSent=63655
- Write a Review
- Seen a Lower Price? Click Here.
45 day price guarantee, 45 day return policy, 100% secure shopping
- Buy New
- Alerts
Item Note:
This product has been discontinued but may be available as a Open Box item.
Similar Items
Bill Lawrence T1 Single Coil Tele Pickup Neck Position
Trademark Disclaimer:
Trademark Disclaimer:
Jzchak Wajcman DBA Bill Lawrence USA is not associated with the designer Bill Lawrence since 1984.
review resources /productDetail/reviews/productReviews.jsp 1
write a review
Also consider


text:
The Farm Friends Barnyard Deluxe Kit will make your child's next birthday party a fun and exciting adventure. It comes with plates and napkins with barnyard animals standing in front of a barn door. The cups, utensils, streamers, and table cover complete the set. Each item features the image of several adorable farm animals standing in front of a red barn. Perfect for a themed celebration, you will be able to bring the farm wherever you go, even if you cannot visit the cuddly animals. Combine with some of our other accessories for the perfect party setting. You can find everything you need right here on our website. Make the occasion memorable by supplying the Farm Friends Barnyard Deluxe Kit. It will certainly put a smile on everyone's face.
Kit Includes:
Not yet rated. Be the first to Write a Review