text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 29, 1989
|Filing date
|Jun 8, 1987
|Priority date
|Jun 13, 1986
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Edwin D. Neas, Terry S. Floyd
|Original Assignee
|Cem Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (14), Non-Patent Citations (11), Referenced by (29), Classifications (21), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of patent application Ser. No. 874,278, filed on June 13, 1986, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to a microwave-based apparatus useful for rapid digestion, and to a rapid, microwave-based, Kjeldahl digestion method.
A problem with wet digestion of organic samples, particularly a gas-generating, tissue digestion such as the Kjeldahl digestion, is boil-over with resultant loss of sample, due to excessive foaming and/or bumping. Further problems are safe disposal of off gases including the corrosive fumes of an acid digesting agent, loss of acid values during digestion, and, for a Kjeldahl digestion especially, length of digestion time.
In recent years, as illustrated by U.S. Pat. No. 4,080,168 to Abu-Samra et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,347,216 to Kawasaki et al, P. Barrett et al., Analytical Chemistry, 7, 1021 (1978), and a microwave digester made by Prolabo, interest has focused on microwave oven-based wet digestion. However, the problems of small sample size, boil-over, safe disposal of off gases, and loss of acid values exist.
For instance, Abu-Samra et al, while stating that bumping and frothing are virtually eliminated, advise that it may be desirable to incorporate an interrupted duty cycle type of timer to prevent sample boil-over. Kawasaki et al remove off gases through a hollow gas collector connected to an external scrubber and removably mounted, sample decomposing containers; and include an exhaust fan in the microwave oven thereof. However, Kawasaki et al describe a complex equation for selecting an irradiation time and an irradiation interruption period, to control foaming and bumping at an early stage of digestion.
Noting several shortcomings of Abu-Samra et al's fume removal apparatus including deterioration of the interior Plexiglas box, Barrett et al describe a round bottom flask with a ground glass joint connected directly to an exit port which is coupled to an aspirator. However, a ground glass joint in the proximity of a hot, bubbling liquid that may leak into the joint, has a tendency to freeze.
Prolabo's microwave digester vents gases through a container lid connected to a scrubber via a side arm.
As illustrated by R.B. Bradstreet, The Kjeldahl Method for Organic Nitrogen, Academic Press, New York, 1965, pp. 40-42, and a Kjeldahl technique of A/S N Foss Electric, hydrogen peroxide is useful as an additive for reducing boil-over. In the Foss Kjeldahl method, a protein sample is mixed with conventional Kjeldahl digestion ingredients, viz., 10-15 ml concentrated sulfuric acid, 0.75 g mercuric oxide catalyst and 15 g potassium sulfate; 10 ml hydrogen peroxide (35%) is combined with the mixture; the mixture is heated using a high flame; the mixture is heated with a low flame; and 110 ml deionized water is added to the digestate, while cooling the reaction vessel using a blower. Although fast compared to other Kjeldahl methods, this method nevertheless requires twelve minutes to produce a digested sample. The method uses a 0.5 sample when protein content is more than 45%, and a 1.0 g sample when protein content is less than 45%. The apparatus used in the method includes a scrubber connected to a side tube of the reaction vessel.
Also known, as exemplified by a publication authored by S. Brayton of the Hach Company and entitled "A Practical Kjeldahl-Nitrogen Method", is a sulfuric acid-stabilized, hydrogen peroxide prepared by mixing 1 part of concentrated sulfuric acid with 4 parts of 50% hydrogen peroxide. As illustrated by U.S. Pat. No. 3,437,211 to Lindsey and U.S. Pat. No. 4,363,639 to Gladon, a connector tube having coaxial inlet/outlet passageways is known, and as exemplified by U.S. Pat. No. 3,963,420 to Matsumoto et al, sample-dissolving apparatus including a condenser, is known.
Considering the foregoing, it can be understood that there is a need for an improved microwave-based apparatus. Furthermore, there is a need for an improved rapid, microwave-based, macro-Kjeldahl digestion method.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide an improved microwave-based apparatus.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved rapid, microwave-based, macro-Kjeldahl digestion method.
Additional objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention are set forth in the description that follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention.
To achieve the foregoing objects and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, there is provided a microwave-based apparatus useful for a rapid digestion. The apparatus includes a microwave system having a wall with an aperture formed therethrough. Located within a chamber of the microwave system is a reaction vessel. Extending through the wall opening is a hollow tubular body that has an end sealingly mated to the reaction vessel. The apparatus further includes grooves for the flow of air into the hollow tubular body from the microwave chamber. A vacuum pump is in fluid communication with the grooves.
Also provided is an apparatus useful for a rapid digestion that includes a microwave system and a self-contained, scrubber system. Disposed within the microwave system is a reaction vessel, with which the scrubber system is in fluid communication. The scrubber system includes (a) a scrubber tower that includes several scrubber discs spaced apart from one another, and (b) a vacuum pump.
Also provided by the present invention is a rapid, microwave-based, Kjeldahl digestion method. In the method, sufficient microwave energy is applied to an acid/sample mixture to attain an optimum Kjeldahl digestion temperature. The sample has a size of at least about 0.5 g. Sufficient microwave energy is applied until a digestate is formed. After discontinuing the application of microwave energy, the digestate is diluted with water. In the method, the digestion and dilution steps are carried out while removing digestion off gases, and are carried out within a microwave system.
Furthermore, there is provided another rapid, microwave-based, Kjeldahl digestion method. In this method, sufficient microwave energy is applied to an acid/sample mixture to provide an optimum Kjeldahl digestion temperature. Simultaneously, suction is applied to the acid/sample mixture, while controllably inletting ambient air proximate to the locus of digestion off-gas generation. As a result, suction efficiency is increased.
Reference is now made to the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of the specification of the present invention, and which depicts a preferred microwave-based apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred microwave-based apparatus in accordance with the present invention, which includes a microwave system 12, portions of which are broken away, a self-contained scrubber system 260, and a compact fluid-delivery system 262;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged section taken substantially along the line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, with connector tube 34 depicted as upwardly displaced;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged section taken substantially along the line 4--4 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged section taken along the line 5--5 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an exploded, perspective view of a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view taken substantially along line 7--7 in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the scrubber unit shown in FIG. 1.
As explained earlier, the present invention is directed to a microwave-based apparatus useful for rapid digestion, and to a rapid Kjeldahl digestion method using the apparatus. An important feature of the invention is that it is useful for macro-Kjeldahl digestions, that is, the digestion of a sample weighing about 0.5-1.0 g or more.
In the following description, certain terms such as "upper", "lower", "above", "upward", "downward", "upwardly" and "downwardly", are intended to designate relative orientation as shown in the drawing.
FIG. 1 depicts a preferred microwave-based, apparatus 10 in accordance with the present invention. As the description of the apparatus proceeds, it will become plain that the apparatus need not include certain of the described features when the apparatus is used for purposes other than Kjeldahl digestions.
Apparatus 10 includes a microwave system 12 with an internal chamber 14 formed in part by a floor 16, a chamber ceiling 18, shown in FIG. 2, and a door 20. Suitably, the chamber is stainless steel. Within chamber 14 is a reaction vessel 22, which is preferably disposed on a spring-loaded platform 24 and insulated by a cup 26.
It is preferred for reaction vessel 22 to be a flat bottom, boiling flask. A particularly suitable material for the reaction vessel is borosilicate or quartz glass, with quartz glass being preferred. Compared to a borosilicate glass vessel, a quartz vessel is more microwave transparent, thereby providing a relatively shorter digestion time, the power output being constant. Furthermore, a quartz vessel withstands thermal shock better than a borosilicate glass vessel. Moreover, for a sample containing more than about 30% protein, especially 45% or more protein, a quartz vessel has been surprisingly found to yield more accurate results.
Referring also to FIG. 2, extending through an aperture 28 of a top wall 30 of microwave system 12 is a connector tube 34, which has a lower end 36 joined to reaction vessel 22. Protruding above top wall 30 is an upper end 38 of the connector tube, which is joined to an input/output tree 40. Springs 42,44 bias lower end 36 of the connector tube to form a tight seal with reaction vessel 22.
With reference to FIG. 1, attached to an input tube 46 of tree 40 is a section 48 of tubing that connects input tube 46 to a reagent reservoir 50 through a pump 52, which is advantageously a peristaltic pump. Preferably, for a Kjeldahl digestion, reservoir 50 contains a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide.
Connecting an input tube 54 of tree 40 to, in the case of a Kjeldahl digestion, a water supply, is a section 56 of tubing. Delivery of water to input tube 54 and water pressure regulation are provided by a solenoid valve 58 and a pressure regulator 60, respectively.
Attached to an output/input tube 62 of tree 40 is a section 64 of tubing that connects tube 62 to a vacuum pump 62 through a water-cooled condenser 68, a scrubber unit 70 and a filter 72. Pump 62 is suitably a diaphragm-type pump. For Kjeldahl digestions, filter 72 is advantageously an activated carbon filter. Connecting the condenser to the scrubber unit is line 74, and connecting the scrubber unit to the vacuum pump are lines 76,78.
Water for cooling the condenser is passed from a water supply through pressure regulator 60 to provide a controlled flow of cooling water. Condensate from the condenser returns by gravity to reaction vessel 22 through tubing section 64 and output/input tube 62.
Connected to a scrubber tower 80 of the scrubber unit via a solenoid valve 82, is an air pump 84. Lines 76,86 provide the connection, with line 76 conveniently providing a common connection to the scrubber tower for the vacuum pump and the air pump. The air pump provides a pressurized air flow for flushing the scrubber tower.
A hot water line 88 connects the water supply to the scrubber tower through a solenoid valve 90, a heater 92, and pressure regulator 60. This line provides the delivery of hot water, for backflushing the scrubber tower.
Connected to a drain port 94 of a collector 96 of the scrubber unit is a drain line 98, which is regulated by a solenoid valve 100. Solenoid valve 100 opens drain line 98 during backflushing, to drain the contents from the collector.
A fill water line 102 connects an inlet port 104 of collector 96 to the water supply through a solenoid valve 106 and pressure regulator 60. Fill water line 102 delivers a predetermined volume of water, designated W, to the collector after draining through drain line 98 is complete.
Microwave system 12 includes a magnetron 108, a fan 110 for cooling the magnetron, a wave guide 112, and a waveguide opening 114. Microwaves pass into interior chamber 14 of the microwave system through opening 114. Located within chamber 14 is a mode stirrer 116, which is operated by a motor 118.
Panels 120,122,124 provide for computer control of peristaltic pump 52, solenoid valves 58,82,90,100,106, and vacuum pump 66, and for information display. For instance, under computer control, a predetermined volume of a liquid reagent may be delivered from reservoir 50 to reaction vessel 22 at a desired time; a predetermined volume of another fluid may be delivered to the reaction vessel at a desired time, either continuously or in pulses; the vacuum pump may be turned off and the air pump turned on at a desired time; and a predetermined volume of hot water may be delivered to the scrubber tower at a desired time.
With reference to FIG. 2, a lower portion 130 of the rounded part of reaction vessel 22 is insulated by cup 26. It is intended that the contents level within the vessel during the application of microwave energy, be within lower portion 130.
The insulator cup advantageously includes a protective outer liner 132. Liner 132, which is suitably made of a plastic, increases the durability of cup 26 and facilitates the insertion and removal of reaction vessel 22.
Cup 26 has a shape that conforms to the contour of lower portion 130. The cup is made of a microwave-transparent insulator that is preferably a moldable material capable of withstanding temperatures up to about 500° C., such as glass fiber.
When a glass fiber cup is used, an upper region of the cup may be hand molded to conform to the vessel contour after the reaction vessel has been inserted into the cup, to provide further insulation. A suitable glass fiber cup has a thickness of about 4.5 mm+/-1 mm.
Referring to FIG. 3, reaction vessel 22 has a neck 134 that terminates in an inwardly tapered mouth 136. The angle of inward taper provides for mouth 136 to sealingly mate with a surface 138 of a generally rounded joint 140 of lower end 36 of the connector tube. Preferably, the angle of taper is about 45° . Advantageously, neck 134 ends in the inwardly ground mouth of a 29/42 ground glass joint.
Providing the inward taper to mouth 136 is a narrow, circumferential, inner wall 142 having a radius of approximately 3/32". This radius provides a contact area that is sufficient to form a tight seal between the connector tube and reaction vessel, but yet that prevents freeze-up of the connector tube/reaction vessel juncture.
Lower end 36 of the connector tube is advantageously bell-shaped, and surface 138 of rounded joint 140 is preferably of ground glass. The rounded shape of joint 142 assists an operator in connecting the reaction vessel to the downwardly-biased connector tube.
With reference also to FIG. 4, cut through surface 138 and into joint 140 are grooves 146, which provide inward air flow through the connector tube/reaction vessel juncture. The locus of inward air flow provided by the grooves, is suitably proximate to the mouth of the reaction vessel. Air is drawn from internal chamber 14 through these grooves into the connector tube, by vacuum pump 66.
Each groove is oriented so as to break the air-tight seal provided by surface 138 and inner wall 142 of the reaction vessel mouth. Therefore, the grooves are suitably oriented longitudinally, that is, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the connector tube.
Preferably, the grooves maximize the flow of air drawn by the vacuum pump from internal chamber 14, and provide a high velocity of air flow through the reaction vessel mouth. We have found that several smaller grooves work better than a few larger grooves that would provide the same volume of air flow, as the larger grooves would produce a relatively lower velocity of air flow.
Suitably, eight grooves equally distributed around the circumference of ball joint 140, may be used, with the area of a groove opening being 0.0015 sq.in. This area provides a flow rate per groove of 0.068 cfm, and a total flow rate of 0.544 cfm.
As can be understood, the grooves cooperate with the vacuum pump to draw off gases and entrained solids out of the reaction vessel. In so doing, the grooves prevent escape of fumes into chamber 14 and even pressure build-up that could otherwise cause a mechanical bumping in which the connector tube/reaction vessel joint momentarily opens and closes as off gases escape through the joint.
Furthermore, air flow provided by the grooves cools the connector tube/reaction vessel juncture, the connector tube, and tree 40. As a result, tubing connecting to tree 40, lasts longer.
Referring again to FIG. 2, connector tube 34 extends through aperture 28 of top wall 30. Aperture 28 advantageously has a diameter of about one-half inch. A split bushing 148, suitably made of a heat-resistant material such as Teflon®, effects a snug fit between the connector tube and an exterior panel 150 of the top wall. As shown in FIG. 6, bushing 148 splits into two pieces 148A and 148B for assembly.
Exterior to the top wall is a male joint 152 of upper end 38 of the connector tube. Male joint 152 forms an air-tight friction seal with a female joint 154 of input/output tree 40. Preferably, connector tube 34 and tree 40 are made of glass, and joints 152,154 are tapered, ground glass joints.
Upper spring ends 156,158 are attached to tree arms 160,162, respectively, and lower spring ends 164,166 attach to spring anchor clips 168,170, respectively. Screws 172 anchor the clips and a mounting bracket 174 to exterior panel 150. Mounting bracket 174 holds split bushing 148 in place.
As shown best in FIG. 5, a connector tube shoulder 176 located below male joint 152, seats on a flange 180 of bushing 148 to limit the downwardly biased movement of the connector tube. Spring biasing of the connector tube makes forming and maintaining a tight seal between the connector tube and reaction vessel easy. Furthermore, the spring biasing facilitates breaking the seal and vessel removal. FIG. 3 depicts an upwardly displaced connector tube.
With reference again to FIG. 2, RF stub 182 provides a radiation-tight seal between connector tube 34 and chamber ceiling 18. Stub 182 is secured to ceiling 18 by a washer 184 and a nut 186.
Referring particularly to FIG. 6, input tubes 46,54 of tree 40 combine to form an inlet tube 190 that extends through connector tube 34. Inlet tube 190 is coaxially disposed within the connector tube.
With reference again to FIG. 2, inlet tube 190 terminates in an upper part 192 of bell-shaped, lower end 36 of the connector tube. An aperture 194 in a delivery end 196 of the inlet tube is disposed in an inlet tube side wall 198 so as to direct fluid flow against an inner wall surface 200 of lower end 36. Alternatively, inlet tube 190 could have an open lower end.
Extending from an opening 202 in rounded joint 140 of the connector tube to a mouth 204 (shown in FIG. 5) of output/input tube 62 is a passageway 206, through which off gases and entrained solids escape from the reaction vessel.
Referring to FIG. 7, platform 24 is biased upwardly by a spring 210 disposed in a cup 212 situated beneath floor 16 of the internal chamber of the microwave system. A bushing 214 and an RF stub 216 effect a snug fit between a leg 218 of the platform and floor 16. Stub 216 is threaded into cup 212, thereby securing both stub 216 and the cup. The stub provides a radiation-tight seal. As spring 210 is located outside chamber 14, the spring may be metallic.
Spring biasing of the platform and of the connector tube make it easy to form and maintain a tight seal between the connector tube and reaction vessel. Furthermore, the spring biasing facilitates breaking the seal and vessel removal.
With reference to FIG. 8, scrubber tower 80 and collector 96 form scrubber unit 70. An inlet tube 230, which communicates with the condenser, has an end 232 disposed below the surface of water W to provide a water trap. The condenser begins the process of cooling the off gases, and the scrubber unit completes the cooling process and removes noxious off gas fumes and entrained solids.
Extending into the collector through a lid 234 is a neck portion 236 of the scrubber tower. Disposed within the neck portion are scrubber discs 238 spaced apart by spacers 240, suitably made of polyvinyl chloride plastic. Snugly surrounding the discs and spacers is a flexible sleeve 242, suitably made of silicone rubber.
Advantageously, the scrubber discs are a sintered glass material. As can be appreciated, an appropriate pore size and number of discs needed, depend upon an intended use, for instance, the gases and/or solids one desires to remove. For Kjeldahl digestions, we have found that two coarse discs as lower discs, and two fine discs as upper discs are quite effective.
For Kjeldahl digestions, a preferred coarse disc has pore size of about 250-500 microns, and is manufactured by Schott; and a preferred fine disc has a pore size of about 40-60 microns, and is manufactured by Corning. Suitably, the discs have a diameter of about 11/4" and a thickness of about 1/4".
Typically, one would desire to scrub off gas as rapidly as it is generated. However, we have found that it is beneficial for the scrubber discs to have a pore size that restricts the flow of off gas such that off gas builds up and is contained within collector 96, which functions as a residence reservoir for unscrubbed off gas. Suitably for Kjedahl digestions, collector 96 has volume of 4 to 5 liters.
Situated outside the collector is a chamber portion 244 of the scrubber tower, which includes a dome-shaped splash shield 246. Shield 246 is attached by three legs 248, only two of which are shown, to an inner wall 250 of chamber portion 244. Shield 246 is located between the scrubber discs and tube 252, which communicates with filter 72, so as to prevent condensate from splashing over to the filter. Situated below shield 246 is a hot water inlet port 254.
Use of microwave-based apparatus 10 in a unique macro-Kjeldahl digestion method is now described. The amounts of the various ingredients and the particular time periods described, are appropriate for a 0.5 g protein sample containing 45% or more protein. Twice as large a protein sample would be used when the sample includes less than 45% protein.
A protein sample, preferably either a 0.5 g or 1.0 g sample depending upon the % protein, is added to reaction vessel 22, with conventional Kjeldahl digestion ingredients, to wit, about 10-15 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid, about 0.75 g of mercuric oxide, and about 15 g of potassium sulfate, to provide vessel contents L, depicted in FIG. 2.
The insulated vessel is placed on the platform in the internal chamber of microwave system 12, which has a power output of about 700-1000 watts, a tight seal is formed between the vessel and the connector tube, the microwave door is closed, and the vacuum pump is turned on.
Preferably, a boil-over reducing additive, such as aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, is added to the reaction vessel. Control is provided by peristaltic pump 52. The additive is passed through input tube 46 of tree 40 and inlet tube 190 into the reaction vessel.
Advantageously, about 12 ml of an about 50% hydrogen peroxide solution may be added in three portions, with a portion being rapidly added at the beginning of the digestion, after about 20-40 seconds, and after about 50-70 seconds. Alternatively, a slow, continuous addition of the hydrogen peroxide solution may be employed. Regardless of whether an intermittent or continuous addition is used, the additive is used in an amount sufficient to reduce boilover. Hydrogen peroxide may assist rapid digestion.
A highly preferred hydrogen peroxide solution is sulfuric acid-stabilized, and is prepared by mixing about 1 part of concentrated sulfuric acid with about 4-8 parts of 50% hydrogen peroxide. When a sulfuric acid-stabilized, hydrogen peroxide solution is used for adding peroxide, sulfuric acid is also thereby added. As a consequence, less sulfuric acid is initially added to the reaction vessel.
As the first portion of boil-over reducing additive is introduced into vessel 22, digestion may be begun by the application of microwave energy to the vessel contents. In a first stage of the digestion step, the vessel contents are heated to quickly attain a digestion temperature generally ranging from about 325° to 350° C. Gas generation with resultant foaming and/or bumping, characterizes this heating stage. Overshooting the optimum temperature results in an erroneously lower protein number.
Typically, the digestion temperature is quickly reached by using a 100% power output for approximately 1-2 minutes. By comparison, if the insulator cup were absent, minutes would be added to this stage of the digestion step due to heat loss through the reaction vessel walls. Furthermore, without the insulator cup, the number of samples that can be simultaneously digested would be power limited.
In a second heating stage, the power output is adjusted to provide an optimum digestion temperature of about 375°-425° C., until digestion is complete. This stage is typically accomplished by heating the vessel contents using about 70% power for about 2-4 minutes.
It will be understood that the connector tube and condenser 68 function to reduce acid loss. Moreover, selection of a 500 ml size for the reaction vessel reduces the loss of acid.
After the digestion step is completed and the application of microwave energy is discontinued, a dilution step may be immediately commenced. In this step, water is injected into the reaction vessel through input tube 54 of tree 40 and inlet tube 190. Mixing of the water with the hot digestate results in the evolution of a large volume of gas. The volume of water to be added is catalyst dependent, with about 140-150 ml of water being suitable in the case of a mercuric oxide catalyst.
For a mercuric oxide catalyst, about 140-150 ml of water, about 12 ml of peroxide, and about 13 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid represent minimum volumes, and as such are preferred, particularly since a relatively greater liquid volume in the digestion step results in a relatively longer time to reach the optimum temperature, the power output being constant.
To be able to immediately begin the dilution step, that is, to avoid an intervening cooling step, a pulsed addition of water is preferably employed, followed by continuous water addition. Pulsed addition is provided by solenoid valve 58.
A preferred pulsing technique involves intermittently opening and closing the water input line for about 40-70 seconds. For each pulse, the water line is suitably open for about 0.1-0.3 seconds and closed for about 1-4 seconds.
The remaining volume of water is thereafter continuously added for about 20-80 seconds.
If a pulsed addition will not be used at the beginning of the dilution step, a cooling step should be employed to prevent a sudden surge in gas evolution. The cooldown period may be several minutes or longer. The overall time will be substantially increased.
Opening 194 in inlet tube 190 directs a fluid against connector tube inner wall surface 200, and the fluid flows down the inner wall into vessel 22. As a result, water is pre-heated prior to reaching vessel 22. Pre-heating may further control gas evolution.
During the digestion and dilution steps, vacuum pump 66 draws reaction off gases and entrained fat particles from the reaction vessel, through passageway 206 and output/input tube 62 of tree 40, and into water-cooled condenser 68. Grooves 146 enable the vacuum pump to effectively accomplish this so that a large pressure build-up within the reaction vessel and/or connector tube is prevented.
In the condenser, off gas condensate is formed. Condensation provided by water cooling, permits entrained fat particles to pass to scrubber unit 70. Condensate is returned by gravity to the reaction flask. The upward angle of tube 62 of tree 40 provides a rapid return of condensate.
The combination of the digestion temperature, the air flow provided by the working together of the vacuum pump and grooves 146, and the extent of condensation provided by a water-cooled condenser advantageously result in fat being blown out of the reaction vessel and into the scrubber unit. Otherwise, digestion of fat would increase the digestion time. Accordingly, the process provides for a selective separation of fat from digestate.
Uncondensed off gases and entrained fat particles are drawn by the vacuum pump via inlet tube 230 into the water trap in collector 96 of the scrubber unit. Off gases including moisture-laden sulfur dioxide, and entrained fat particles that escape the water trap, are then drawn into scrubber discs 238 of the scrubber tower. Discs 238 remove substantially all the sulfur dioxide and entrained fat particles.
Splash guard 246 prevents condensate on top of the uppermost scrubber disc from splashing over into line 252 and being drawn into filter 72. Any uncondensed sulfur dioxide is drawn by the vacuum pump into filter 72, which is preferably an activated carbon filter, and removed.
If desired, an activated carbon filter (not shown) may be located in the exit port of the vacuum pump. This filter would safeguard against the release of noxious fumes, such as sulfur dioxide fumes, into the ambient atmosphere.
After the dilution step is finished, the vacuum pump is turned off, and the scrubber tower is backflushed by pressurized air delivered from air pump 84, and a predetermined charge of hot water delivered through inlet 254. Solenoid valves 82,90 control the flow of pressurized air and hot water, respectively.
The backflush water is collected within collector 96. Backflushing cleans trapped off gases and fat from the scrubber discs, thereby regenerating the discs for further use.
During backflushing, solenoid valve 100 opens line 98 to drain the contents of the collector. Thereafter, solenoid valve 106 opens line 102 to rinse the collector, and solenoid valve 100 closes line 98 so that a predetermined volume of fill water is provided to the collector through line 102. The volume of water delivered, must be sufficient to immerse end 232 of inlet tube 230. The microwave system/scrubber system is now ready for another sample.
As can be understood from the foregoing description, the present invention provides as part of a microwave-based apparatus useful for digestion, a self-contained, scrubber system, which recharges itself. Only replacement of filter 72 is occasionally needed. Filter replacement is indicated by an indicator light (not shown).
Furthermore, it should be understood that the fluid delivery system for delivery of fluids to the reaction vessel through tree 40, and for the delivery of water to the condenser, may be provided as a portable, compact unit. Desirably, there is included in such a unit valve/solenoid 106 for control of the fill water and valve/solenoid 100 for control of collector drain line 98.
In FIG. 1, the self-contained, compact scrubber system is indicated by reference number 260, and the portable, compact fluid delivery system is indicated by reference numeral 262.
Advantageously, panels 120,122,124 provide for computer control of peristaltic pump 52, valves/solenoids 58,82,90,100,106, and vacuum pump 66, and for information display. Accordingly, both the scrubber system and fluid delivery system are computer-regulated.
In the Example that follows and throughout this description and the claims set forth below, all percentages are by weight/weight, and all procedures are carried out at ambient temperature and pressure, unless otherwise specified.
A 1.0 g sample of meat is weighed out on a 24×40 microslide cover glass and dropped through a 29/42 ground glass joint of the neck of quartz, flat bottom, boiling flask 22 (500 ml). 11.5 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid, 0.75 g of mercuric oxide and 15 g of potassium sulfate are added to the flask.
Lower portion 130 of the flask is insulated by a molded, glass fiber cup 26 having a thickness of 4.5 mm+/1 mm. The insulated flask is placed on the platform in internal chamber 14 of microwave 12, flask mouth 136 is sealingly mated to ground glass surface 138 of ball joint 140 of the connector tube, and the microwave door is closed.
Equally distributed around the circumference of ball joint 140 are eight grooves 146. The area of a groove opening is 0.0015 sq.in. This area provides a flow rate per groove of 0.068 cfm, and a total flow rate of 0.544 cfm.
Under computer control, vacuum pump 66 is turned on and digestion is begun by the application of microwave energy to the flask contents. Under computer control, approximately 5 ml of a mixture of 1 part of concentrated sulfuric acid and 6 parts of 50% hydrogen peroxide, is rapidly added by peristaltic pump 52 to the reaction flask through inlet tube 190. At subsequent 30 second intervals, a second and a third 5 ml charge of the peroxide mixture are rapidly added.
Under computer control, two heating stages are used. A first heating stage with 100% power output lasts 1.5 minutes, and a second heating stage with 70% power output, last 2 minutes 40 seconds.
Immediately after the second heating stage, under computer control, there is a pulsed addition of water, followed by a continuous addition of water, to the reaction flask through inlet tube 190. For the first six pulses, the water input line is open for approximately 0.25 seconds and closed for approximately 3.75 seconds, and for the remaining pulses, the line is open for approximately 0.25 seconds and closed for approximately 1.75 seconds, with the pulsed addition lasting approximately 50 seconds. The water line is open thereafter for approximately 30-60 seconds.
During the digestion and dilution steps, the vacuum pump cooperates with grooves 146 to draw reaction off gases and entrained fat particles into water-cooled condenser 68. In the condenser, off gas condensate is formed. Condensate is returned by gravity to the reaction flask.
Uncondensed off gases and entrained fat particles are drawn by the vacuum pump into the water trap in collector 96. Off gases and entrained fat particles that escape the water trap, are then drawn into scrubber discs 238. Any uncondensed sulfur dioxide is drawn by the vacuum pump into activated carbon filter 72, and removed.
Under computer control, the vacuum pump is turned off, and the scrubber tower is backflushed by the delivery of pressurized air and a charge of hot water. Under computer control, the contents of collector 96 are drained, and the collector is charged with fill water.
The above example is illustrative of the present invention. It is to be understood that the example is not in any way to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims set forth below. It is contemplated that the invention as hereinafter claimed, will be subject to various modifications within the scope thereof.
The microwave-based apparatus of the present invention is useful for rapid sample digestion, especially for macro-Kjeldahl digestions.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 5, 1958
|Apr 12, 1960
|Lab Equipment Corp
|Hydrogen analysis
|Jun 6, 1967
|Apr 8, 1969
|Marvin H Lindsey
|Vacuum filtration device
|Feb 7, 1969
|Feb 29, 1972
|Archer Daniels Midland Co
|Preservation of proteinaceous materials and edible fibers spun therefrom
|Apr 8, 1971
|Apr 10, 1973
|Harvey R Instr Corp
|Apparatus to oxidize biological material
|Aug 30, 1973
|Jun 15, 1976
|Nippon Steel Corporation
|Method and apparatus for automatically dissolving samples for anaylsis
|Feb 18, 1976
|Mar 21, 1978
|The Curators Of The University Of Missouri
|Method and apparatus for the wet digestion of organic and biological samples
|Aug 1, 1979
|Dec 22, 1981
|Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
|Microwave heating oven
|Jun 25, 1981
|Aug 31, 1982
|Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Wet sample decomposing apparatus
|Mar 9, 1981
|Dec 14, 1982
|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.
|Gas trap for removing atmospheric pollutants and method of operation
|Mar 15, 1982
|Dec 25, 1984
|United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
|Treatment of substances
|Dec 12, 1985
|Feb 24, 1987
|Hach Company
|Digestion process
|Mar 6, 1986
|Jun 7, 1988
|Kuraray Co., Ltd.
|Thin film waveguide device and manufacturing method for making same
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Alliger, American Laboratory, Dec. 1976.
|Bradstreet, The Kjeldahl Method for Organic Nitrogen, 1965, pp. 40 42.
|Bradstreet, The Kjeldahl Method for Organic Nitrogen, 1965, pp. 40-42.
|Heat Systems Ultrasonics, Inc. literature, for Mystaire Laboratory Scrubbers.
|Heat Systems-Ultrasonics, Inc. literature, for Mystaire® Laboratory Scrubbers.
|Kjel Foss Automatic literature, by A/S N. Foss Electric.
|Kjel-Foss Automatic literature, by A/S N. Foss Electric.
|P. Barrett et al, Analytical Chemistry, 7, 1021 (1978).
|Prolabo literature, for Microwave Digester.
|S. Brayton of the Hach Company, "A Practical Kjeldahl-Nitrogen Method".
|S. Brayton of the Hach Company, A Practical Kjeldahl Nitrogen Method .
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 1, 1992
|May 24, 1994
|Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer Gmbh
|Sample supply system having integrated microwave disintegration
|Jan 15, 1993
|Jun 7, 1994
|Cem Corporation
|Microwave ashing apparatuses and components
|Dec 27, 1993
|Sep 5, 1995
|Texaco Inc.
|Microwave hydrocarbon gas extraction system
|Oct 12, 1995
|Jan 27, 1998
|Armstrong; Bernard
|Microwave distillation apparatus
|Sep 5, 1997
|Nov 24, 1998
|Cem Corporation
|Microwave assisted chemical processes
|Jul 1, 1998
|Aug 17, 1999
|Mt Systems, Llc
|Chromatographic column for microwave heating
|Jan 20, 1998
|Jan 18, 2000
|Armstrong; Bernard
|Microwave distillation apparatus, and vessel-biasing assembly
|Jun 29, 1999
|Feb 29, 2000
|Mt Systems, Llc
|Chromatographic column for microwave heating
|Feb 10, 1998
|Jul 25, 2000
|Denver Instrument Company
|Microwave moisture analyzer: apparatus and method
|Mar 4, 1999
|Jul 25, 2000
|Mt Systems, Llc
|Microwave heating apparatus for gas chromatographic columns
|Jul 23, 1999
|Dec 5, 2000
|Mt Systems, Llc
|Microwave heating apparatus for gas chromatographic columns
|May 27, 1998
|Jun 19, 2001
|Denver Instrument Company
|Microwave moisture analyzer: apparatus and method
|Dec 1, 2000
|Nov 13, 2001
|Mt Systems, Llc
|Microwave heating apparatus for gas chromatographic columns
|Apr 23, 2001
|May 4, 2004
|Chata Biosystems, Inc.
|Vessel for containing/transporting a fluent substance
|Jun 5, 2001
|Dec 12, 2006
|Denver Instrument Company
|Microwave moisture analyzer: apparatus and method
|Mar 11, 2010
|Jun 28, 2011
|Cem Corporation
|Automated protein analyzer
|Aug 29, 2007
|Apr 3, 2012
|Cem Corporation
|Automated protein analyzer
|Mar 11, 2010
|Mar 4, 2014
|Cem Corporation
|Automated protein analyzer
|Aug 4, 2008
|Oct 7, 2014
|Cem Corporation
|Colorimetric protein analysis method
|Sep 27, 2013
|Jul 28, 2015
|Cem Corporation
|Automated protein analyzer
|Feb 28, 2005
|Aug 31, 2006
|On-Site Analysis, Inc.
|Apparatus and method for measuring fuel dilution of lubricant
|Aug 29, 2007
|Mar 5, 2009
|Collins Sr Michael J
|Automated Protein Analyzer
|Aug 4, 2008
|Apr 2, 2009
|Cem Corporation
|Automated protein analyzer
|Mar 11, 2010
|Nov 18, 2010
|Cem Corp.
|Automated protein analyzer
|Mar 11, 2010
|Nov 18, 2010
|Cem Corp.
|Automated protein analyzer
|Apr 27, 2007
|Dec 23, 2009
|Computer full-automatic Kjeldahl determination device
|Sep 11, 1996
|Apr 10, 1997
|Cem Corporation
|Microwave assisted chemical processes
|Sep 11, 1996
|Aug 14, 1997
|Cem Corp
|Microwave assisted chemical processes
|Jan 24, 2014
|Jul 31, 2014
|Chemrus Inc.
|Laboratory flasks and flask kits
|U.S. Classification
|422/78, 219/686, 436/175, 422/80
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 8, 1987
Owner name: CEM CORPORATION, 3100 SMITH FARM ROAD, MATTHEWS, N
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:NEAS, EDWIN D.;FLOYD, TERRY S.;REEL/FRAME:004725/0669
Effective date: 19870605
|Sep 24, 1992
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Apr 8, 1997
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Aug 31, 1997
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Nov 11, 1997
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19970903


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CALGARY — Points to ponder as the Canucks and Flames prepare for Game 3 of the Western Conference quarterfinal series tonight amid the aftershocks of Fight Night Friday, another fine for Battling Bob, the Engelland Great Escape and a PP2 … Continue reading
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As the new coach, John Tortorella has brought a lot of edge to the Canucks this season, and God knows they needed it. But the National Hockey League was absolutely correct to suspend him for 15 days for his … Continue reading
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We are starting to hear a few of the details of the Saturday night punch-up between the Calgary Flames and the Vancouver Canucks. A person in position to know of such things, but who must remain nameless, has said that … Continue reading
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You never know when something incredible is going to happen. At any given time, we could be moments away from seeing something that will change the landscape of the entire world, and when such things happen there is always someone … Continue reading


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I just found a really nice pair myself, the other day.
Couldn't use them for cooking, tho.
Even after three rounds in the washer, they smell like diesel oil...
I just found a really nice pair myself, the other day.
Couldn't use them for cooking, tho.
Even after three rounds in the washer, they smell like diesel oil...
I'm not pokey, but I'm certainly not speedy... sorta half-fast, I guess...
Last winter i all most lost forever my right glove from my favorite pair. I re-traced my route and found it about a mile back!
- Andy
I can't wait for the next pint of good chocolate milk after a long ride.
Last year I found an iPod Touch with a shattered screen that looked like it had been run over as well. Bad shape but working. Tried to get in for owner info to return it, but was unable to, so I did a factory refresh on it, spent $45 on a replacement screen, and gave it to my mom, who never used it lol.
Recently found a straight jacket on the way to work, a mile or so from home. I've checked local news headlines for any escapes...
Set if off beside the trail in case its previous occupant comes looking for it.
This morning I found a NOB Corona Folding Saw, brand new (except for a little road rash on one side) with its box just a few yards away, exactly where you would expect it to be if somebody bought it at Home Depot, left it on their car roof, and made their first left turn through a stoplight.
Also, a purple Bianchi Osprey, rigid fork (i.e. 1993-96), leaned against a wooden rail fence near a very busy intersection, but on the one corner where there are no businesses or houses. Two flat tires, no lock. I've seen it there for three days now, and who knows how many days before that, since I wasn't biking to work from 12/24-1/4. If it's still there on my way home tonight I'm going to drive out and scoop it up. It looks like it will be a good size for two of my three boys.
Last edited by RubeRad; 01-07-15 at 10:08 AM.
Two police cars, two police officers, and two men cuffed laying on their stomachs. I just said good evening officers and went on my way...
Two freshly-squished raccoons, about 20yd from each other...
This afternoon I found a used copy of fifty shades of grey laying on the sidewalk. It had to have been lost today. It rained yesterday and the book was dry. It was near a high school so it must have been dropped by those pesky teenagers.
Its not my style of reading.
a girl's lost wallet
I've never come across much stuff, but have come across interesting people/situations...
*Almost every morning on my regular commute, there is a professional dog walker with 5+ dogs on retractable leashes...
*On another MUP 20 minutes after, there is an older man looking at the ground while he smokes pot from a pipe every morning... A little further up there is a homeless man napping against a post with a hoodie on that covers his face. I see him every day - sometimes even on weekends if I'm out riding then. Always with the hoodie on - I've never seen him awake and never seen his face... For awhile, there was a middle aged women on the bike path with 3 chihuahua dogs, all off-leash, that would run after me and jump 3-4 feet in the air next to my bike while barking... She never seemed bothered by this... Luckily, I haven't seen her in awhile.
Random stuff:
A few times, on my ride home through a suburban marsh land path - I have ridden through police "busts" of homeless people camping out in the marsh. One time, a homeless person who seemed high on drugs ranted loudly at me because he thought I was the police (my lights were on at night)... When he realized I was a cyclist, he told me very politely to have a safe ride home...
I once rode past a big group of homeless people having a party next to the bike path - about 30 people, a bonfire, singing, guitar-playing, food, etc...
On the golden gate bridge, riding home from a job in SF, I passed a guy on a bike that had a cape and goggles on... and he had a backpack with a dog in it and the dog had a cape and goggles on also
The best thing I saw was not while biking, but it comes close - I was hiking and came across a naked guy painted from head to toe in gold paint (including his hair, pubic hair, etc.) and he was clearly high on a drug like acid or mushrooms and smiling serenely. It was a long hike and I was behind him for awhile...
On my commute home, I leave the MUP and cross a pedestrian bridge over a river. Last Tuesday evening, about 7:00 pm, I had just gotten onto the bridge, when I saw up ahead "something" in my lane. I couldn't quite make out what it was, but as I got closer I could see it was red, a lot of red. Then I noticed there was a body laying in the middle of all that red, perpendicular to the lane. "Oh great" I thought, someone had an accident, or got hurt, or something. It wasn't until I was almost on top of it that I realized the red wasn't blood, but a blanket (with tealight candles), and it wasn't a body, it was two bodies, and they were . . . ahem, "conserving body heat".
I guess it wasn't exactly strange, but it certainly was unexpected. I mean, it wasn't even 8:00 pm, and it was a school night . . .
Last edited by KenshiBiker; 01-17-15 at 10:41 PM. Reason: Grammar
A chrome tubular rail. This was about half a mile down a gated-off fire road, usually closed to traffic, with no sign of a crash or any other pieces nearby. I would guess it's a crash bar for a cruiser type motorcycle, and it fell off a cop bike. I carried it about two miles to the next available garbage can.
Note MTB, light, bell, slicks, platform pedals, kickstand, but also suspension fork, no fenders... part-timer :-D
Genesis 49:17 | Where does a mansplainer get his water? From a well, actually...
the road is gated off and closed to vehicle traffic, it's not a place where an RV would be. But a cop motorcycle could have gotten there easily, they ride those down the ARBT when they need to and it connects to that at the other end.
Genesis 49:17 | Where does a mansplainer get his water? From a well, actually...
My wife found a Gerber multi-tool in near perfect condition. My find on the same stretch of road was a set of brass knuckles.
Unfortunately I saw two dead bodies floating in the Hudson River. One was a jumper off the George Washington bridge, or so said a witness. I don't know the back story for the second. I biked from fort lee nj to lower Manhattan for about 6 months in 2014.
Nothing is worth committing suicide over.
I found 4 discarded baseball and army hats on the trail today.
I bike every day for fun.


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There are a variety of resources at Cincinnati Children's and outside the medical center that can provide information and support. The Pediatric Palliative and Comfort Care Team has compiled the following list:
Cincinnati Children's Services
Information Related to Palliative Care and Comfort
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3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3026 | 1-513-636-4200 | 1-800-344-2462 | TTY:1-513-636-4900
New to Cincinnati Children's or live outside of the Tristate area? 1-877-881-8479
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Admission: Free
Meeting Place: Day Use/Picnic Area
Join us for the 6th Annual Antique Tractor show hosted by the Lake Hamilton Fire Department. This is your chance to see unique antique tractors, engines, military vehicles, fire apparatuses, antique cars, and more. A Dutch oven lunch will be served on Saturday for all to enjoy. Join fire department staff and the park interpreter to learn how to cook outdoors in this classic cooking vessel that is a longstanding Arkansas State Parks tradition. Contact the park for further details.
Explore Lake Catherine State Park with our helpful maps and brochures! Just click on an icon to view, or right-click on your mouse to save a
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text:
Shapeways: Bring your creativity to life in 3D http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php Shapeways: Bring your creativity to life in 3D Duplicate Keys Needed http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&goto=56360&th=11445#msg_56360 <![CDATA[I'm unfamiliar with the 3D printing community, but I'm hoping this could be a solution for my problem.

 I recently moved into a condo that has predominantly Chinese-made fixtures. As a result, the local locksmiths and key-cutting shops are unable to create duplicates of my house keys, both indoor and outdoor locks. They told me that there are so many sizes and shapes for Chinese-made keys that they don't find it practical to carry the blanks. They also don't have the machines to make the grooves and dimples on the keys.

 Please let me know if there's any way 3D printing could somehow be utilized to address this issue.

 P.S., the landlord has the other set, and is unwilling to provide duplicates.

 ]]> kxyc34 2012-11-05T23:17:48-00:00 Re: Duplicate Keys Needed http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&goto=56546&th=11445#msg_56546 <![CDATA[Hi,

 You could print it out in stainless steel, but it wont be as strong as real steel...It would be more likely that the printed keys would break off rather sooner then later.
 I think you should talk to your landlord in getting the locks replaced by more traditional locks and keys.
 But remember that impossible to replicate keys and locks are also the ones that are harder to crack
 Unless it is proved somewhere that the locks are complete rubbish....

 Cheers,

 Rob]]> BAROBA 2012-11-09T09:46:01-00:00 Re: Duplicate Keys Needed http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&goto=56636&th=11445#msg_56636 <![CDATA[kxyc34,
 Too bad about your situation. If possible, find the locksmith who originally installed the locks in the condo's. I don't know of a locksmith who would install locks they could not service.

 While it is possible to 3d print a copy of a key(you would need to know the numerical bit depths), due to the tolerances inherent in the 3d printing process it would probably take more than a few prints(possibly hundreds) of prints to get a working key. And that's even if the style key you are printing adheres to the minimum design specs for a material strong enough to open the lock.

 Perhaps your local locksmith could id the bit depths on your key. then there are online shops that will cut you a working key from that info.

 bvr]]> bvr 2012-11-11T10:12:06-00:00


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Amazing job! even if i think her belt should be removed , because the belt give her strenght and so she could break the chains easily!
Great work, it looks amazing, very well done...
If I could spring her I would
I thank you for your lovely artwork
I thank you for your lovely artwork
The things I would do to her😛😝😍😘😄💗
beautiful work
beautiful work !!!
I love bats x WW
Guau,es genial
Nice job on this one.
did batman capture her?
Very nicely done !
Love the Batman face-palm
wow awesome job I also love how realistic it looks then batmans expression makes it more wonderous like it makes u wonder whats going to happen to wonder woman
As Wonder Woman is being held captive by Batman (or at least someone who looks like Batman) and is powerless with her bracelets chained by a man, the expression on hervface is priceless and says it all: "So weak! Batman chained my bracelets together to make me powerless! But he seems so different! The Batman I know would never do this to me!"
Actually Batman isnt holding her captive, hes just being sent images of her being held captive by Lex Luther (the bald guy)
сиди и дрочи, дибил)))
Superman: Shall we go rescue her?
Batman: In about 5 minutes *unzips his flies*
Batman: What am I doing with my life?
i never noticed that it was supposed to be an eagle on her chest. all those years and cartoons and comics and inever saw it till now. i even googled a buncha ww pics to see if that was just your interpretation but no i have just been blind.
She doesn't have it all the time, quite often it is just a stylized "WW", or a combination thereof. Besides, the eagle in this image is particularly "real" looking (as opposed to streamlined/simplified), so it is more noticeable.
She is the daughter of Zeus, who's symbol was the eagle...
"...Hey Batman, stop fapping and go save her!"
....I think he did it!
I love this. Your work is so much more striking when it tells a story (not to mean it isn't striking already!).
Whoa, intriguing
Awesome detail
just brilliant!
wow I love this one! all the vid screens and chains
Batman is ashamed to be fapping.
Batman...moody as usual.
amazing and shes so hawt! how do u do this photomanipulations... great work indeed... wonder woman is a nasty girl
oh j'aime beaucoup !
i like how her boobs bust out of her superba, very nice


text:
Incoming BOK Governor Sees Korea Rate Increase Looming: Economy
Incoming Bank of Korea Governor Lee Ju Yeol said South Korean households need to prepare for higher interest rates, bolstering analysts' forecasts for an increase as inflation picks up.
"Even when the government asks the central bank to play a role in boosting the economy, the Bank of Korea should decide after considering price stability and all other aspects of the economy, such as financial stability, growth and employment," Lee wrote in a document in response to questions by opposition Democratic Party lawmaker Kim Hyun Mee.
With the BOK forecasting the fastest growth since 2010 and inflation rising into its target range this year, economists' median forecast is for a quarter-point rate increase by the first quarter of 2015. That would contrast with the State Bank of Vietnam, which today signaled a cut to support a struggling economy, and follow New Zealand's decision last week to tighten policy.
"His comments are realistic and echo our view that at this level policy rates are too low," said Wai Ho Leong, an economist at Barclays Plc in Singapore, forecasting a rate increase late in the third quarter or early in the fourth. "Whether it is a quarter later or a quarter sooner, it is like a visit to the dentist -- an inevitability."
South Korea's won strengthened 0.4 percent to 1,068.12 per dollar as of 2:54 p.m. in Seoul, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. The yield on South Korea's three-year government bonds rose two basis points to 2.85 percent, Korea Exchange prices show.
Faster Inflation
President Park Geun Hye nominated Lee to take over after Governor Kim Choong Soo's term ends March 31. Lee, 61, a former senior deputy governor with 35 years experience at the BOK, will face questions from ruling and opposition lawmakers on March 19, the first such grilling of a governor nominee in the BOK's history. The lawmakers don't have the power to block the appointment.
Goldman Sachs Group Inc. today maintained its call that the BOK will cut interest rates in the second quarter, according to economist Kwon Goohoon in Seoul, who said he hadn't seen Lee's comments.
The BOK left its seven-day repurchase rate unchanged at 2.5 percent last week for a tenth straight month, in line with forecasts of all 18 economists surveyed by Bloomberg News.
The State Bank of Vietnam will cut its refinance rate to 6.5 percent from 7 percent from March 18 to bolster a struggling economy, Le Duc Tho, chief administrator at the country's central bank, said by phone today. The Reserve Bank of New Zealand last week raised its official cash rate by a quarter percentage point to 2.75 percent.
Household Debt
Lee urged the government to craft a long-term plan to help households cope with their debt, which reached a record 1,021.3 trillion won ($955 billion) at the end of December.
"Policy makers should help households prepare for a possible increase in interest rates, while reducing the debt burden by guiding them to shift more toward fixed rates and amortizing mortgages," Lee said.
"The ultimate goal of price stability that the BOK is trying to achieve is to support a sound development of the national economy," Lee wrote in the document to lawmaker Kim, who is one of 26 members of the committee that will question Lee this week. Kim e-mailed the document to reporters today.
While higher rates would hurt low-income earners, most of the debt is owed by those with high incomes, with the average household able to cope with a certain degree of rate rises, Lee said.
Exchange Rates
The BOK will in principle let the market set foreign exchange rates, according to Lee's written responses to lawmakers' question, which were obtained by Bloomberg News. The central bank will act against temporary, excessive, one-direction bets on the won, he wrote.
In case of large-scale capital flight, the BOK will use an appropriate mix of macro-economic policy tools including the currency, foreign exchange reserves, and interest rates to help stabilize financial markets, he wrote.
Lee, who's a professor at Yonsei University in Seoul and has a master's degree from Pennsylvania State University, faces pressure to avoid tightening too quickly.
Hyun Jung Taik, vice chairman of President Park's National Economic Advisory Council, last month cautioned in an interview against lifting rates now. Park is trying to increase the growth potential of Asia's fourth-biggest economy to 4 percent, lift employment and achieve per-capita income of nearly $40,000 before her term ends in February 2018.
South Korea's economy will grow 3.8 percent this year and 4 percent next year, the BOK forecast in January. Inflation will accelerate to 2.8 percent in the second half of 2014, back to the central bank's target range of 2.5 percent to 3.5 percent after hovering at around 1 percent for more than a year.


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Shapeways: Bring your creativity to life in 3D http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php Shapeways: Bring your creativity to life in 3D Questions for shop owners.! http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&goto=45670&th=8625#msg_45670 <![CDATA[Do you guys verify your own items before putting it up for sale? When I upload my models they pass the preliminary checks..then it goes to the printing process and the gets declined.. think most likely this has to do with the wall thickness for different materials. Like the plastics only require 1mm, but for ceramics its 3mm. So when I try to order in ceramics the printing gets declined. Does anyone find this to be a problem? I find that selling items that don't pass checks is very unprofessional in my opinion... The issue is that if an order is made for multiple items then one item passes then it's printed and the others are canceled... and there is no option to print as a batch..so all or nothing...Right now I have not placed any items for sale in the marketplace rather that I am checking to see if items can be printed..and there is no way for me to check every item i would put up for sale because of the hefty cost. Again if i just used white plastics then not an issue... Anyone have thoughts on this issue?]]> skatersollie 2012-03-18T22:00:48-00:00 Re: Questions for shop owners.! http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&goto=45783&th=8625#msg_45783 <![CDATA[Gernerally, I'll design my models with a material in mind, for example,

 Twin Rail Mobius Pendant was designed for stainless, (and also works in plastics) whereas
 Twin Rail Mobius Pendant 0.66 is a 2/3 scale version for being printed in Silver (I also ordered it in stainless just to find out if it is printable), production has started, but the steel one might still get rejected as it does break all the main steel rules. For me its not an issue as I know I'm bending the rules, but hey, if it works, it works

 Its also good to order in your models for pictures & movie to show off your model.

 If you want to be sure about your model printing first time, study the design rules for the material you want to design for, then use NetFabb Basic to double check all your measurements and wall thicknesses. Generally as long as your model follows the rules then it will print.

 ]]> stop4stuff 2012-03-21T08:41:17-00:00 Re: Questions for shop owners.! http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&goto=45832&th=8625#msg_45832 <![CDATA[Same like Stop4Stuff!

 My models are made for a particular material.
 Some of my models are made for WSF, but FUD is active as well as I know that this material will work.

 And I always order my model before putting it public and for sale (unless i'm 100% sure it will come out fine)]]> Jettuh 2012-03-22T12:42:58-00:00 Re: Questions for shop owners.! http://www.shapeways.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&goto=46673&th=8625#msg_46673 <![CDATA[Everything I have for sale in My shop has been printed, although its not garantee they will print again as I have found out.

 it seems as though in the last few months quality control changed and I have had a couple of failures, although now fixed it did annoy the customer and also put them off buying them due to another shipping charge for what would be the re-order.]]> cbfasi 2012-04-09T11:18:54-00:00


text:
The KFC restaurant at 8302 E. Mill Plain Blvd. closed permanently on Tuesday, according to Scott Dickinson, owner of Dickinson Northwest Inc., a Vancouver-based chain of KFC restaurants since the 1960s.
Dickinson said, slow sales and "difficult economic conditions" forced his decision to close the Mill Plain location, which opened in 1979 as a relocation from a smaller site at the Garrison Square shopping center a few blocks west of the newer venue. Dickinson Northwest operates seven other KFC restaurants, two of which are located within two miles of the closed venue.
Dickinson said the restaurant's staff of 14 employees will transfer to jobs at the chain's other KFC locations. He expects to market the half-acre restaurant site and building for sale.


text:
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Focusing on both performance and affordability for consumers, the RevoDrive PCI-Express SSD is designed to accommodate a wide range of computing environments beyond everyday use to video-editing and other multi-media creation and management applications.
Moving beyond the bottleneck of SATA II, the RevoDrive features a PCI-E interface to deliver superior speeds up to 540MBps reads and random 4k writes up to 75,000 IOPS. Designed for high-performance gaming PCs and workstations, the RevoDrive has the unique capability to run both Windows and your essential applications and games to not only provides a more responsive PC experience, but promote a cooler, quieter, and more energy efficient conditions compared to traditional mechanical hard drives.
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This review is from: OCZ RevoDrive PCI-E x4 240GB PCI Express MLC Internal Solid State Drive (SSD) OCZSSDPX-1RVD0240.RF
Pros: Easy Install after locating drivers online. Really Fast
Cons: No software. Show as 2 drives.
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works but very fragile
This review is from: OCZ RevoDrive PCI-E x4 240GB PCI Express MLC Internal Solid State Drive (SSD) OCZSSDPX-1RVD0240.RF
Pros: SANDFORCE CONTROLLER SIMPLE TO USE
Cons: NOT AS FAST AS ADVERTIVED
Other Thoughts: NOT SURE IF IT IS AN EXACT ONE OF THE MODEL BECUASE ITS RUNS IN MY PC BUT ITS REALLY A SET UP OF 4, 55 GB DRIVE AS ONE BUT NOW READS ONLY 3 DRIVES SO IT KIND OF WORKS....
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Editor's Note: This article by originally appeared on Singing Through The Rain.Read More
Drill Sergeant Sgt. Dan Kernan, 2/397th Bravo Company, Field Artillery Surveyor, keeps track of best warrior competitors during the 2015 U.S. Army Reserve Best Warrior Competition at Fort Bragg, N.C., May 5.(U.S. Army photo by Sgt. Felix R. Fimbres/Released)Read More
Editor's Note: This article by Diana Moga originally appeared on Task & Purpose.
Keeping Your Life in Balance and Handling any Issues that AriseRead More
When KC Chhipwadia returned from his second deployment to the Middle East, he knew inside that something had to change.Read More
I'll admit it: there were times during my husband's career in the military when I didn't think we would miss our current lifestyle at all. Times like when we were woken up in the middle of the night with the scary sound of the phone ringing just for a surprise accountability check or to be informed about a 4 a.m. drug test, the second or third hour of sitting in the DEERS office waiting for our number to be called, whenever word of a deployment began to spread around post, and just about every overnight CQ shift.Read More
Service members, veterans and military retirees have a number of financial aid options they may be qualified for beyond military service-provided tuition assistance, according to Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall Education Center offi cials. Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall PAO photo by Nell King
Read More
A conversation between two Army Reserve Soldiers during physical fitness training was the beginning of a unique training idea to allow Soldiers the opportunity to gain real-world contracting experience during battle assembly weekends.Read More
There's a ton of information out there for service members leaving the service to retire or just to pursue other options, but how do you find the information that is right for you before you head into that next phase of your life?Read More


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Mayday Parade's hitting us right in the throwback bone with their new Bush cover.
We may joke around from time to time about the #90s and #grunge revival that has permeated all of our current pop-punk, neo-grunge, and emo bands of late, but you'll have to believe that we're deadly serious when we say that this cover of Bush's "Comedown" by Mayday Parade is everything we ever wanted. It's, well, exactly what it sounds like: a classic, guttural, churning grunge anthem updated with a slight touch of modern pop-punk's sheen.
The track, which also has an accompanying lyric video below, comes from the most recent edition of the Punk Goes… series, Punk Goes '90s Vol. 2, out Apr. 1 on Fearless Records, which — wait a minute, are we entirely sure this isn't some elaborate April Fool's joke? Someone look into that.
The guys in the band, who we've been keeping close tabs on thanks to their tour diary through Europe, have already shown that they're comfortable mining the past. As with Queen on the Monsters In The Closet track "Ghost," Mayday Parade say that Bush is among the many bands that have influenced their sound.
"Bush's 'Comedown' has a typical '90s-rock edge that everyone in the band admires and wants to emulate," guitarist Alex Garcia explains in a press release. "Most of Mayday's concept of what rock is was shaped by growing up in the '90s and listening to the radio and hearing bands like Bush so it's only natural for us to pay respects… by covering that song."
As funny as it is to think back to a time when a rock song with over a minute-plus instrumental intro could be a hit on radio, their version is pretty faithful to the original. It's got the crashing, big, sweeping power chords and the low bass rumble we remember, although the added piano on the quiet chorus parts is a nice touch.
The biggest difference comes in Derek Sanders' higher-pitched vocals, which diverge from Gavin Rossdale's distinctive, guttural baritone. It's no less anthemic in its execution, though — maybe, dare we say, a touch more so? Sacrilege, right?
If that's not enough to satiate your '90s jones (that was a word we used in the '90s), the rest of the compilation features amazing-sounding covers like Memphis May Fire doing Stone Temple Pilots' "Interstate Love Song," Asking Alexandria doing Nine Inch Nails' "Closer," and Yellowcard doing Smashing Pumpkins' "Today."
You could definitely say that the '90s are back, but true '90s kids know that they never went away.
+ Watch Mayday Parade's "Comedown" lyric video.
Photo credit: Fearless Records


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Sweet pipes, Coop. A lot better than singing along at Kenny. And there's no excuse for Big Dick Nick not to be front and center conducting the orchestra. Guy needs to be a leader. Act like one.
Fucking Jon Dorenbos. Dude's a long snapper and is one of the most beloved and respected Eagles from within and outside the organization. The man has to be a magician to out kick his coverage this much with his wife. She's probably put in a trance so deep even Peter from Office Space would feel bad. And yes this post was just an excuse to post pics of her. Deal with it.
PS – This 2010 video is so Philly it physically hurts:
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Pull up to your bar with a comfortable bar stool!
Hillis 30-Inch Swivel Barstool with Genuine Leather Cushion
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Decorate your entertainment room with one of American Heritage's stylish bar stools! The Hillis backless bar stool features a suede finish with a porter brown 3" genuine leather cushion. Also features individual tacking, sturdy foot rest, and webbed seating for improved comfort. 5 year warranty.
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If you're struggling to find the motivation to add regular cardiovascular exercise to your fitness routine, here are some lesser-known benefits of cardiovascular exercise that just might help you get moving.
Is eating organic food healthier? How do you identify organic produce and which ones are a must when choosing organic? Do pesticides cause cancer and other diseases? These questions and more are answered in this quick guide to choosing and eating organic foods.
Incline workouts, when done properly and safely, can greatly benefit anyone looking to increase the intensity of their workouts. In fact, incorporating some form of hill running into your regular workout routine is one of the best ways to increase speed, strength and power....


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: FireRed hack:
Pokémon Celestium
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October 1st, 2010 (10:38 PM). Edited October 1st, 2010 by miksy91.
Dark Energy is back in action! ;)
Join Date: Oct 2008
Location: A small country in the North
Gender: Male
Nature: Relaxed
Posts: 1,400
I counted on you in the very beginning, and I feel I was right
This will definitely be one of the hacks to play
Also, that gym looks like "trainer-free".
Are there going to be trainers in gyms ?
If so, it'd be awesome if there were for example two trainers in that gym (instead of one) because that way it wouldn't look like Brock's place (if the map is even originally Pewter Gym)...doing this many assumptions just sounds weird...
Anyway, to do so, you'd have to repoint Event Data, and possibly re-create the events (=how many warps, signposts, people are there + data for those (like picture numbers, script pointers etc.)). Also, I'm not sure how it works in advance-games but that's the way it's done in G/S/C.
Well, that's just an idea but would make the game look a lot better (and make others know you are a hacker !) :D
My Rom Hack
Learn how to hack GB/C games:
Check my GameBoy/Color hacking videos in Youtube
-The video set uses Pokemon Silver (U) rom for demonstrations
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With inhibitors that prevent rust and corrosion. Resists water even under severe conditions. (3oz. tube)
Note: This product is considered flammable. For this reason, you must select Ground Shipping at checkout. (48 contiguous states only - Sorry, no APO/FPO or International)
Dans Comp has a large selection of BMX Bike Tools to fit your needs.


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Misc. stock TJ parts: end caps, flares, swaybar links (Moderator edit - Stamford, CT)
Ok, this is all that's left of my stock parts.
Up for sale are:
Two fender flare extensions (one has a scratch): $12 SHIPPED
One passenger side bumper end cap in near-mint condition: $15 SHIPPED
Two rear sway bar end links in perfect shape: $15 SHIPPED
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Geography is destiny. Even in the land of opportunity, the place where you are born and brought up has a lot to do with determining your future. And if that place is Van Buren, Maine, a fading agricultural town on the Canadian border, there is not much of a future to look forward to.
This is the dour world of "Beneath the Harvest Sky." For teenagers unlucky enough to grow up there, the desire to leave is a driving force. But Boston, the nearest big city, might as well be on another planet.
Filmed in a quasidocumentary style using handheld cameras, extreme close-ups and a muddy palette, this slice of regional life aspires to be a northern New England answer to "The Last Picture Show." Its protagonists — the cocky, hotheaded Casper (Emory Cohen) and the even-tempered Dominic (Callan McAuliffe), both 17 and best friends since childhood — face three choices: accept a lifetime of grueling, low-wage farm work; run drugs back and forth across the Canadian border; or flee.
Because Casper and Dominic's relationship is the center of the movie, other key characters remain underdeveloped. Casper's father, Clayton (Aidan Gillen), is
a small-time crook who smuggles in Canadian pharmaceuticals. The operation is a family affair that involves Clayton's brother (Timm Sharp), who is
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pressured by drug-enforcement agents to gather evidence against Clayton.
"Beneath the Harvest Sky" reaches a dramatic climax that is so confusing, you are left scratching your head. But for all its missteps, the film feels authentic.


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A possible grant for a local college will be discussed Wednesday afternoon.
The Pitt County Board of Commissioners are taking a closer look at a federal grant for Pitt Community College.
The purpose of the meeting is to discuss consideration of a grant application for federal assistance to benefit Pitt Community College.
The meeting will be 1 p.m. Wednesday in the Commissioner's Auditorium on 1717 W. 5th Street in Greenville.
The public are welcomed to attend, but there is no comment period on the agenda.


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|Donny Marshall on M&M: Celtics 'more mentally healthy' without Rajon Rondo
|02.08.13 at 12:35 pm ET
Donny Marshall of CSNNE joined Mut & Merloni to talk about the state of the Celtics without Rajon Rondo and why he thinks Kevin Garnett, not Rondo, is the team's true leader.
Marshall said he thought the third quarter of the Celtics' win over the Lakers on Thursday night was the best he's seen the C's play in a long time.
"They looked perfect," Marshall said. "It was one of those situations, at least in my opinion, where it wasn't just the bad Lakers, but it was the great Celtics. We've seen this team play really well, but the other teams are just so horrendous that me, you and Lou could get out there and play with them '¦ Last night I really think it was the product of the Celtics playing great."
Marshall said he doesn't think the Celtics are a better team overall without Rondo, but that his absence is allowing them a change of perspective that's helped them.
"It seems like they needed to be more mentally healthy, and it looks like that's what they are right now," Marshall said. "I don't want to make it sound like Rondo is '¦ by no means is he a Dwight Howard that's going to screw things up just because it's all about him, going to purposely screw the mechanism up of Doc [Rivers'] machine there. But sometimes when we're young and have success early we can't stay out of our own way, and I think Rondo kind of ran into that a little bit. He really is a great player, but there's more than just being a great player when it comes to basketball."
Following are more highlights from the conversation. To hear the interview, go to the Mut & Merloni audio on demand page.
On Rondo's leadership: "You can't go in the locker room and alienate your teammates. I don't know if he's doing that or not, but it seems like that locker room is much healthier. You can't go on the court and say, 'I'll handle the ball, get out of the way, I'll make you better.'
"There would be situations where Ray Allen would be in position to make a move one-on-one, and Rondo would run over to him and grab the ball from him and say, 'Get to the corner, I'm going to run the play.' This team doesn't have that guy right now, and they're playing so free. Their spacing is amazing, which helps their ball movement. It's just incredible to see, for a team that doesn't really have that one guy that stands out to you over this streak, it's really amazing."
|Paul Pierce schools Fab Melo 'all day' in 1-on-1 drill in the post
|02.05.13 at 5:55 pm ET
WALTHAM — If you needed any proof that Fab Melo still has a lot to learn (and prove) to make it in the NBA, and that D-League stats don't carry over to the NBA, we submit for your review the following evidence.
Celtics captain Paul Pierce took the opportunity Tuesday before practice began to teach the rookie big man out of Syracuse a thing or two about playing on the low post.
With Jared Sullinger out with season-ending back surgery, Melo was called up from D-League and played just three minutes against the Magic with a steal on Friday but did not seen any action Sunday.
Tuesday we saw a small reason why. Pierce noticed Melo working by himself on low-post moves and came over to give him some real resistance.
Melo missed a shot, double-dribbled and then, while defending Pierce forced a fadeaway that was off-target. But Pierce objected, calling a foul. The next two drives to the basket were baby hooks that found the bottom of the basket. Pierce walked away triumphantly, shouting "all day" to Melo, Celtics coaches and anyone within earshot.
|Doc Rivers on possibly adding Greg Oden: 'He'll come with a long list of scenarios'
|02.03.13 at 1:11 pm ET
Coach Doc Rivers, general manager Danny Ainge and the Celtics may very well be interested in adding Greg Oden to their roster but they're doing a job of not going overboard in expressing their enthusiasm after meeting with him on Saturday while the rest of the team had the day off.
"I got the Clippers tonight," Rivers said before Sunday's game with the Clippers. "I said hi to him, reminisced about high school days when I watched some AAU, but other than that, I can tell you I thought far more about the guys we are playing tonight than next year.
"We really haven't talked about [additions]. Honestly. We obviously can, because we need a body. But we really haven't talked about it much at all. Nothing really. What I think Danny is doing is probably doing all the work right now and I'm sure this week maybe, or who knows in two weeks, he'll come with a long list of scenarios."
The Celtics are in the market for a big man after losing Jared Sullinger for the season to back surgery on Friday. Rivers said he has only heard from Sullinger via text since the surgery and expects him out of New England Baptist Hospital this weekend.
Other Sunday pregame notes: Eric Bledsoe started for Chris Paul (knee), who missed his seventh game in nine contests Sunday. "In some ways, they are harder to guard and some ways they are not. Obviously, Chris Paul is fantastic. But when he plays, at least you know where the ball is at a lot, because it's in his hands and that helps you somewhat defensively. When he doesn't play, the ball is going all over the place, and they are in some ways difficult to guard."
As for Doc Rivers' Super Bowl prediction: "Oh, San Fran; it's not even really close. It won't be close, it'll be a blowout," he said, before hinging his bet bigtime. "Three points. No I do think San Fran, but who knows? I think they are the better team, but clearly I don't know enough about football. That's why I'm here."
|High-wire act: Jeff Green, Celtics slam door on Magic
|02.01.13 at 9:42 pm ET
Jeff Green electrified the crowd with three sensational dunks as part of a 17-point night and Paul Pierce and Kevin Garnett added double-doubles to lead the Celtics to a 97-84 win over the Magic Friday night at TD Garden. The Celtics played the game just hours after Jared Sullinger had season-ending back surgery, winning their third straight game to get back to .500 on the season at 23-23. The lowly Magic fell to 14-32.
Pierce fell just three assists shy of his second triple-double in three games, finishing with 14 points, 11 rebounds and seven assists while Garnett matched Pierce's 14 points while chipping in with 10 boards. Green was dominant in the second half and finished 8-of-13 from the field. Jason Terry and Leandro Barbosa each added 12 points off the rejuvenated Celtics bench.
Playing without Sullinger, it was Pierce who picked up the rebounding load in the first quarter, grabbing six boards. The Magic grabbed an early 13-7 lead before Pierce and the Celtics went on a 18-5 run to end the quarter to help the Celtics to a 25-18 lead after 12 minutes.
The Celtics continued to play good defense in the second quarter, holding the Magic to 35 percent shooting. Garnett led the way with 10 points in the quarter as the Celtics took a 46-35 lead to the locker room. The Magic were awful from long range, hitting just 1-of-13 from three-point range and making just 15-of-46 shots (32.6 percent). While the Celtics were dealing with the loss of Rajon Rondo and Jared Sullinger, the Magic were also battling a bad injury bug.
Glen Davis fractured his left foot Wednesday in New York and is likely done for the season. Starting point guard Jameer Nelson bruised his left forearm in the second quarter and did not return.
Despite their injuries, the Magic managed to cut the Boston lead to three, 57-54, on an E'Twaun Moore three-point play with 5:04 left in the third quarter. But the Celtics, thanks to a spectacular one-handed dunk from Green a minute later, closed the quarter on a 15-5 run to take a 72-59 lead into the fourth quarter.
The Celtics continued their barrage to open the fourth, as Green and Courtney Lee added one-handed slams that sent the Garden crowd into a frenzy. Boston opened the period on a 14-5 run to take an 86-64 lead and were not threatened the rest of the way.
Garnett's 728th career double-double moved him ahead of Shaquille O'Neal (727) on the NBA's all-time list. Since 1990, only Tim Duncan (751) has more.
The Celtics have Saturday off before taking on Blake Griffin and the Clippers Sunday at 1 p.m. at TD Garden. For more, including video from Danny Ainge and Doc Rivers, visit the Celtics team page at weei.com/celtics.
Celtics coach Doc Rivers says his team will have to play more small ball now that big man Jared Sullinger is lost for the season to lumbar disc surgery in his back, surgery that took place Friday at New England Baptist Hospital.
While the news was somewhat surprising to outsiders on Friday, the Celtics knew all along that this was the risk of drafting Sullinger, who missed nearly half of his final (sophomore) year last winter with Ohio State, a team he led to the Final Four. Sullinger's bad back dropped him on draft day last June and the Celtics took the gamble, taking him 21st overall.
"We knew this could happen," Rivers said. "We knew it a month before the draft that this could happen and at some point it probably would happen. We were hoping it would be a summer thing, rather than the middle of the season, but it happened now. He was playing great and the good news is we know he can play. We know he'll be a very good player and, in the long run, this will make him healthier."
As for Rivers' reaction to the news, "My emotions are to the team, I have to give them that. I told them after shootaround. Our goals haven't changed, nothing's changed. We will have to play differently, again."
Rivers said he would use more of a "small-ball" approach, like the Magic and Knicks already do in the East. Rivers also inserted Brandon Bass back in the starting lineup and hinted that he would use Jeff Green more at the power forward spot, with the following caveat.
"It's probably not fair but I'm going to lean more on Jeff to do more rebounding," Rivers said. "When he's rebounded for us, he's played well."
"I think we're still working on what we may have to do. But I think we definitely have to be a small-ball team. We'll start big, as usual with Brandon and Kevin [Kevin Garnett] — I don't know if that's big, but that's how we'll start. After that we just have to put our five best players on the floor, so we're going to have to be creative."
As for leaning on rookie center Fab Melo, don't expect Rivers to be using the Syracuse product, meshing with what Danny Ainge told reporters before Friday's game.
"I know how people here love the young guys — love to see the young guys," Rivers said tongue-in-cheek. "I'm sure at some point, Fab will find his way on the floor. Obviously, I think you try to give him as much as he can handle. You do try to put him in situations like when he's on the floor, Kevin's on the floor with him to help him."
Celtics chief basketball executive Danny Ainge says it was the right thing to do for the career of Jared Sullinger to end the rookie's season and have back surgery now, leaving the Celtics without yet another weapon in their lineup.
The team announced late Friday afternoon that Sullinger underwent successful lumbar disc surgery Friday at the New England Baptist Hospital. Surgery was performed under the direction of Celtics Team Physician, Dr. Brian McKeon. The team announced through its release that Sullinger is expected to be ready in time for training camp for the 2013-14 season.
Ainge said Sullinger spent the last two days in the hospital before the decision was made Friday on advice from specialists to go ahead with the surgery.
The Celtics lost Rajon Rondo for the season to a torn ACL in his right knee on Sunday. Five days later, they have lost their most physical rebounder. The Celtics are 22-23 and have won two straight after a six-game skid, and are hanging on to the eighth and final playoff spot in the Eastern Conference. Still, Ainge isn't giving up on the season.
"We're not ready to cave in yet, are you kidding? It's going to take more than that," Ainge said just before Friday's game with the Magic at TD Garden. "We'll just have to win in a different way. Jared's our best rebounder. We don't have to play that way. Last two games, we played without Jared last game and I think our team looked great. The second half and most of the Miami game, we played smaller ball and were able to win. Against New York, they're a small-ball team, we played small against them, had a win against them in New York.
"I think we're going to have to win in a different way without Jared and without Rajon. We'll see what we have."
|Jared Sullinger out for the season after back surgery
|at 4:10 pm ET
First it was Rajon Rondo and now Jared Sullinger. The Celtics rookie will miss the rest of the season after surgery Friday to repair his chronic back injury.
The team announced that Sullinger underwent successful lumbar disc surgery at the New England Baptist Hospital. Surgery was performed by the medical staff under the direction of Celtics Team Physician, Dr. Brian McKeon. The Celtics also announced Sullinger is expected to be ready in time for training camp for the 2013-14 season.
Sullinger aggravated his back in the opening minutes of Wednesday's win over Sacramento. The news came just four hours before the Celtics host the Orlando Magic at TD Garden.
When Sullinger went down four minutes into Wednesday's game, fears were raised that this was a recurrence of back problems that forced him to miss nearly half of his final (sophomore) year at Ohio State and fall to 21st overall in the NBA draft last June. Celtics president of basketball operations Danny Ainge confirmed those fears Friday. Head coach Doc Rivers said before Wednesday's game that Sullinger was playing at a "top 5" draft pick level.
The numbers support that. He averaged 7.0 points and 7.2 rebounds in 15 games in January, and finishes the season with averages of 6.0 points and 5.9 rebounds per game. He had four double-doubles, including three in January. Sullinger spent most of the season as one of the best weapons off the Boston bench but Rivers rewarded Sullinger for his development and play by moving him into the starting lineup last Sunday for the game against the Heat.
Sullinger started Wednesday and grabbed one rebound but did not score before coming out with what was first diagnosed with back spasms. He received ice treatment in the locker room and the team was hopeful he could return. Just before halftime, the team revised the prognosis and announced he would not be returning.
The story was first reported by Adrian Wojnarowski of Yahoo Sports Friday afternoon.
Celtics rookie Jared Sullinger will miss the rest of the season with a back injury, league sources tell Y! Sports. He will need surgery.
— Adrian Wojnarowski (@WojYahooNBA) February 1, 2013
The loss comes just five days after the Celtics lost Rondo to a torn ACL in his right knee.
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Does what its supposed to do
This review is from: Eagle ET-KB300BF-WH White Foldable Bluetooth Keyboard for Tablets & Smartphones
Pros: foldable,rechargable,small
Cons: none
Did you find this review helpful?
Nicely made but DOA
This review is from: Eagle ET-KB300BF-WH White Foldable Bluetooth Keyboard for Tablets & Smartphones
Pros: Very nice design, keys have a great feel and the layout is very comfortable
Cons: Unit was DOA
Other Thoughts: I really wanted to like this keyboard and I was excited to connect it to a Galaxy Note 2. However, the item was DOA.
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Your body is made up of trillions of cells—but what do you really know about them? Take our lab quiz and determine your CIQ (cell identification quotient).
Neural Stem Cells Sprout Long Axons
August 7, 2014|
Early neurons reprogrammed from human skin cells show unprecedented axonal growth in a rat model of spinal cord injury.


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The Hotel New Hampshire (1984)
The Hotel New Hampshire Trailers & Photos
Movie Info
|R (adult situations/language, violence)
|Drama, Comedy
|Directed By:
|Tony Richardson
|Written By:
|Tony Richardson
|In Theaters:
|Mar 9, 1984 Wide
|On DVD:
|Jul 10, 2001
as John Berry
as Frannie Berry
as Frank
as Mr. Win Berry
as Mother
as Lilly
as Egg
as Hotel Manager
as Waitress
as Freud
as German Man
as German Woman
as Boy with Rifle
as High School Band Con...
as Chip Dove/Ernst
as Iowa Bob
as Sabrina
as Bitty Tuck
as Stunts
as Junior Jones
as Lenny Metz
as Chester Pulaski
as Chip Dove Gang Membe...
as Chip Dove Gang Membe...
as Chip Dove Gang Membe...
as Howard Tuck
as Ronda Ray
as Finnish Doc
as Texan
as Arbiter
as New Jersey Woman
as Connecticut Woman
as Harold Swallow
as Skinny Weightlifter
as Doris Wales/Screamin...
as King of Mice
as Susie the bear
as American Woman
as American Husband
as Wrench
as Schwanger
as American Daughter
as Bartender
as Old Billie
as Miss Miscarriage
as Chip Dove's Girl Fri...
as New York Journalist
as Babette
as Reporter
as Dark Inge
as Jolanta
News & Interviews for The Hotel New Hampshire
Critic Reviews for The Hotel New Hampshire
All Critics (17) | Top Critics (3) | Fresh (10) | Rotten (3) | DVD (2)
Erratic failure of comedy featuring Jodie Foster, Beau Bridges.
Celebrates one family's resiliency in facing the accidents and perplexities of sex, violence and death.
Too deliberately quirky, but always watchable.
Audience Reviews for The Hotel New Hampshire
An extremely weird story, about a lot of weird things that happen to this family, and they just keep getting weirder. I wasn't sure if this movie was weird in a good way or a bad way, so I'll just say it's okay.
Super Reviewer
This writer-director Tony Richardson's film suffers from a frenetic pace designed to cram each idiosyncratic detail of the source material onto celluloid.
Incest, rape, suicide, terrorism and sexuality issues populate the novel, but its author handles these and other cultural touchstone issues with weight and dignity.
If time has cast a harsh light on the filmmaking decisions here, however, it has only made more scintillating the youthful performances in the film; Natassja Kinski (25), Jodie Foster (21), Rob Lowe (20) and Seth Green (10) each forecasts long, bright burning careers, with the stately Beau Bridges holding together the film's disparate tendrils.
Super Reviewer
An engaging family-run-hotel film. Based on a great John Irvine novel. The characters are interesting and likeable. The situations are entertaining. Enjoyable viewing.
Super Reviewer
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