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Kainen appointed Windsor County state's attorneyStaff Report | March 08,2013MONTPELIER – Gov. Peter Shumlin announced today that he has tapped Orange County Deputy State's Attorney Michael Kainen to serve as state's attorney in Windsor County, effective March 23.
Kainen will replace current Windsor County State's Attorney Robert Sand, who is joining the Shumlin administration to help redefine drunk-driving sentencing and treatment efforts to reduce recidivism rates.
In addition to serving as deputy state's attorney in Orange County, Kainen teaches criminal justice and other legal courses at the Community College of Vermont.
He was an attorney with Hayes and Windish, PC, from 2008 to 2011, focusing on civil litigation, while also sitting as acting district judge in Orange and Windsor counties.
He was executive director of the Vermont Sentencing Commission from 2007-2008, and served in the Vermont House of Representatives for eight years as a member of the House Judiciary Committee.MORE IN This Just InIn sifting through my ever expanding Pocket queue of things Ive been meaning to read, I found... Full Story
An eyewitness said a female driver struck a pedestrian near Wal-Mart downtown. Full Story A lack of transparency and breach of trust was on the mind of many as the Rutland... Full Story
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The PMI Extreme Rage X-Ray V2.0 Goggle System comes complete with visor hypo-allergenic foam and a high-quality adjustable strap. The new X-Ray is designed to be worn over glasses. A solid faceplate wraps around your head and full ear protection completes this well-designed system. The X-Ray lens meets or exceeds ASTM specs and is easy to remove it provides the best combination of anti-fog and scratch-resistant characteristics.
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You can hardly wait to tie the sailor's knot at your seaside wedding. All you need is the perfect sea-inspired Wedding Stationery to announce the details of your coastal celebration. These Nautical Wedding Invitations are full of seaworthy details. From knots to anchors to helm steering wheels, these maritime designs are overflowing with sea-inspired motifs.


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The fundamentally architectural character of "Urban Light" -- the artist called it "a building with a roof of light" -- was no anomaly for Burden, who grew up in France and Italy and studied at Pomona College and UC Irvine. Themes connected to architecture and urbanism run through his work, typically with the same wry attitude about the relationship between structure and art-making that the lampposts suggest. "Originally I was going to study architecture," Burden said at a lecture...in 2003. — LA Times
The conceptual artist Chris Burden died two days ago at the age of 69. View full entry »
Paul Schimmel, a close friend of the artist and the former chief curator at the Museum of Contemporary Art who had organized Burden's first retrospective exhibition in 1988, said the cause was malignant melanoma. Burden was diagnosed 18 months ago, Schimmel said, but kept the information private except for a few family members and friends. — latimes.com
Small Skyscraper, a collaboration between tallmankoch and Chris Burden View full entry »
Burden's Small Skyscraper (Quasi-Legal Skyscraper), was intended to be "a modern day log cabin" that "two guys with a donkey could put up, and when the neighbor calls the building inspector, the guys can take it down again," he told LA Weekly back in 2003.
Burden's loophole (it's now closed) eventually led to the design of an aluminum-framed structure built in 2003 with the help of Linda Taalman and Alan Koch of Taalman Koch Architecture. — blogs.laweekly.com
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It's going to be one of the biggest pop music events of the year, and the 2013 iHeartRadio Music Festival just unveiled the list of performers slated to hit the stage.
Shortly after taking the Bridgestone Arena stage by storm, country music's biggest stars performed live at the 2013 CMA Fest on Thursday evening (June 6).
Country cuties Taylor Swift and Miranda Lambert helped to kick off Day 1 of the exciting extravaganza at Nashville's LP Field.
He's the only judge who hasn't announced his future plans for "American Idol," and Keith Urban says he's not sure what will happen for next season.
The "Raining on Sunday" singer chatted with press at last night's 2013 CMT Awards, declaring, "I have no idea! You probably know as much as I do!"
After a night of exciting thrills on Wednesday (June 5), the 2013 CMT Awards are winding down inside Nashville's Bridgestone Arena.
Bringing some Aussie flavor to the South, Keith Urban performed at the 2013 CMT Awards in Nashville on Wednesday (June 5).
The country crooner belted out his hit "Little Bit of Everything" for the eager crowd.
Looking eager for a fun night out together, Keith Urban and Nicole Kidman made their way to the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville for the 2013 CMT Awards this evening (June 5).
He's had a blast judging Season 12 of "American Idol," but Keith Urban doesn't seem hopeful that he'll be back for the next round.
Celebrating one of the highly-anticipated upcoming flicks, Jessica Biel, Justin Timberlake, Nicole Kidman, and Keith Urban attended the "Inside Llewyn Davis" Premiere at the Palais des Festivals during the Cannes Film Festival on S


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oriental chick is hot and bathing in the spa
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This strange aircraft departed Love Field in Dallas this morning. No visible reg number. Had some sort of contraption beneath the fuselage. The tail end of the fuselage had some sort of extension to it. Anyone able to tell me what this is and how I could get a reg number?
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The 2015 Nobile Separa Infinity Carbon Split has a tip-to-tail wood core with Pre-Stress technology, and is covered with a foam deck for grip and maximum manoeuvrability. The thin nose of the board make it immune to gusts and improves the stability, while the overall construction makes the board super durable and light. Infinity is equipped with FCS mounting system and fins. If you want to rip in the surf, then you want the Infinity. The Nobile Separa Infinity board in W-Connection (Split) technology is recommended for riding strapless. We kindly inform you that the straps assembly is tantamount to the loss of board's warranty, while riding, performing evolutions and jumping with straps are the responsibility and the risk of the owner.
The 2015 Nobile Separa Infinity Carbon Split is a top-quality light weight exclusive product withunique unconventional design and all features of the Infinity Split model. This is the only wave board that you will need in your quiver. Excess baggage fees on surfboards can be extortionate and there is no pretending that a surfboard is a set of golf clubs. With the Infinity Split your problems are solved. Our unique Nobile W-Connection (Pending Patent No P403352) means that your board can be divided in two and – amazingly – slotted in to your regular luggage. On water, strapped or strapless, from small to well overhead wave, the Infinity is a perfect tool to enjoy surfing with a kite. The board is easy to ride and offers full control and confidence on both smaller and bigger waves. It is lightweight and lively with a generous amount of flex and response.
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Nobile W-Connection - available in all Nobile Splitboards. Allows you to separate the board in half in seconds and pack it into your standard luggage together with the rest of your travel gear. Provides strong connection and offers premium durability and improved comfort. Pending Patent No. P403352.
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The Nobile 50Fifty is a powerful kite which will reward you with excellent lift and POP, combined with constant power while performing tricks.
There is impressive speed and nice pull during the whole turning process, plus the stability, direct feeling and superb unhooked performance and easy relaunch make this the kite of choice for all of our freestyle and new school riders – guys like like Eudazio Da Silva and Carlos Madson… The Nobile 50Fifty is a hybrid C kite which perfectly combines the advantages of both C and bow kites. The 50Fifty features a superfast, thin profile, and in the middle of the kite you will find a floating strut. Not only is it lightweight, but it also absorbs the vibrations caused by sudden gusts of wind and eliminates fluttering. The kite is super-fast, yet the depower is out of this world, while the large surface wing tips improve the kite's agility and ensure intuitive feedback at the bar.
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- 275Promote
Phone Cases
Fly me to the Moonby Dan Elijah G. Fajardo
Protect your iPhone with a one-piece, impact resistant, flexible plastic hard case featuring an extremely slim profile. Simply snap the case onto your iPhone for solid protection and direct access to all device features.
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mercury vapor Companies in Uganda
Arizona Instrument LLC
based in Chandler, ARIZONA (USA)
Arizona Instrument LLC was founded in 1981 by a group of engineers. Arizona Instrument, then known as Quintel Corporation, was dedicated to providing precision moisture analysis instruments that were accurate, reliable, and easy to use. Over the years the company expanded its Computrac moisture analysis line and became an accepted leader in moisture analysis, setting a ...
GRIMM Aerosol Technik GmbH & Co. KG
based in Ainring, GERMANY
GRIMM AEROSOL Technik has developed different health orientated products, associated with our expertise in Particle technologies, such as continuous Aerosol monitors for Environmental and Occupational use. Meanwhile not only these two segments have developed over time into a wide product range, new and more sensitive technologies have been added such as Nano and Emission ...
Enviro Technology Services plc
based in Stroud, UNITED KINGDOM
Enviro Technology Services plc (ET) was founded in 1983. Now active in over 45 countries with a multi-million pound turnover. ET is a global provider of air quality and emissions monitoring systems and servicing. The UK-based company sell and lease equipment, systems and services covering the monitoring of ambient air quality (AQM), continuous emissions (CEM) and indoor ...
P S Analytical Limited
based in Orpington, UNITED KINGDOM
P S Analytical specialises in the design and manufacture of instruments for elemental analysis, from individual analysers to complete automated systems tailored to customer requirements. A range of mercury analyzers / mercury analysers.
Brooks Rand Labs, LLC
based in Seattle, WASHINGTON (USA)
Specialty metals testing laboratory with more than 20 years experience offering specialized analytical services, products, and analytical instrumentation for ultra trace level metals analysis and metals speciation. Expertise includes ultra low level detection limits, difficult matrices, metals speciation, and consulting in the commercial and R&D sectors. Services include ...
Brooks Rand Instruments
based in Seattle, WASHINGTON (USA)
The smaller the target, the more significant the variables. The task of analyzing trace levels of mercury is an extremely important one. The results, as well as public safety, can be compromised by the slightest degree of mis-calibration or contamination. Brooks Rand Instruments comes from a long tradition of commitment to advancing the accurate, reliable identification ...
SilcoTek Corporation
based in Bellefonte, PENNSYLVANIA (USA)
SilcoTek, formerly Restek Performance Coatings, invented SilcoNert (Silcosteel) in 1987. From the start our unique chemical vapor deposition process minimized waste and harmful emissions. Today SilcoTek continues its green heritage by eliminating waste and emitting zero harmful emissions to the environment. Unlike other manufacturers who are promoting a green image or ...
Air Science USA
based in Fort Myers, FLORIDA (USA)
Air Science manufactures a complete series of high efficiency ductless fume hoods, ductless workstations, laboratory filtration products, and custom enclosures designed to protect the user, the process and the environment from hazardous vapors, fumes, and particulates.Our products and manufacturing processes are designed to minimize environmental impact to our community, ...
National Ground Water Association (NGWA)
based in Westerville, OHIO (USA)
The National Ground Water Association is a nonprofit membership organization comprised of professionals from all sectors of the groundwater industry whose goal is to provide members, the public, and government decision-makers with the scientific knowledge and guidance necessary to responsibly develop, manage, and protect the world`s groundwater resources. NGWA is the ...
Umwelttechnik MCZ GmbH
based in Bad Nauheim, GERMANY
MCZ has more than 20 years of experience in the construction and manufacture of apparatuses and systems in the area of gas analysis and related fields. MCZ develops and manufacturers devices and systems for end customers as well as OEM systems. Gas Collectors, Calibration Systems for Gas Analyzers, Inspection Stations and Test Benches, Zero and Process Gas treatmentg, Gas ...
Related Terms for mercury vapor
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Wild yeast starter - NOT sourdough
hey everyone,
i've been creeping these forums for a few months- since i've started baking. i'm just wondering whether it is possible to capture wild yeast but not have the starter/water/whatever go sour. one poster talks about it here. she loosely describes her method in her post, but does anyone know about a conversion chart that lists 'wild yeast water'? i wouldn't know how much to use in a recipe...
one of the reasons i want to start using wild yeast is because my bread always turns out yeasty tasting, even the loaf that i think i overproofed. is this normal, or should i use less yeast? i am baking using sprouted wheat berries, so i am reluctant to change the amount of yeast (~2.5 tsp active dry/loaf) because it might affect how much my bread rises.
thank you!!


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The Icelandic government, two Icelandic municipal authorities and the EFLA engineering company signed a memorandum of understanding to promote the creation of a new port in the northeast corner of Iceland.
SSA Marine's Oakland International Container Terminal will make appointments mandatory for the majority of containerized import pick-ups in order to shorten lines at terminal gates and speed up cargo delivery to customers.
The company plans to accept the weights that clients provide as certified, but if clients are not able to provide the certified weight, it will weigh the cargo on their behalf.
Registration takes less than 1 minute.
Terminal operator Ports America says it will accept containers without the required container weight data and, if necessary, allow boxes to be weighed afterwards for compliance with the International Maritime Organization's new verified gross mass rule.
Ocean carriers CMA CGM, COSCO, Evergreen Line and OOCL revealed they will form a new alliance next April.
The proposed ocean carrier alliance will include Hapag-Lloyd of Germany; Japan's MOL, NYK and "K" Line; Taiwan-based Yang Ming; and South Korean line Hanjin, and could potentially add Dubai-based UASC and Korea's HMM down the road.


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This previous book of the semester, Tanner Colby's Some of My Best Friends Are Black, has sparked some thoughtful questions such as "Just how diverse is Calvin Theological Seminary?" "What are some … [Read more...]
Editorial on Diversity
A Short History of Kerux
The Kerux is a Calvin Theological Seminary student publication that has served a variety of purposes over the years including being a place for news, opinions, interviews, announcements, prayer … [Read more...]
New Student Senate Social Media
Don't forget to check out the new CTS Student Senate Facebook page as well as their recently created Twitter feed (CTSSemSenate). Follow them on the bottom right-hand side of this page. … [Read more...]
New Kerux Edition Next Week!
Keep your eyes open for the Kerux appearing on a Student Center table near you. Don't forget to bookmark this website so as to stay updated on all of the Kerux's articles and discussions. … [Read more...]
"Global Conversations" – Imbalanced
"Global Conversations" - Imbalanced A few weeks ago we hauled a piano into our house. There were five of us – two on one end and three on the other. Imagine a sixth guy joining the three – and then … [Read more...]


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Top 2012 biz: Lizard spit, bad nuke, housing
Rewind: The San Onofre nuclear plant, which supplies 20 percent of the region's electricity, shut down on Jan. 31 after a tiny radiation release was traced to a steam generator tube leak. Further inspections uncovered rapid deterioration of new generators, replaced in 2010-2011 at a cost to utility customers of at least $670 million.
Fast forward: Federal nuclear safety regulators are weighing a proposal by plant operator Southern California Edison to restart the Unit 2 reactor at partial power for five months before conducting further inspections. Watchdog groups want a more-thorough regulatory review under license amendment procedures that they say might have caught the generator problems earlier.
Rewind: The San Diego housing market felt the first waves of a bounceback, as home prices either stayed flat or rose for the past 10 months, and sales surged even during the typically slow fall and winter months.
The rebound in prices and continued interest in homebuying has largely been influenced by lower-than-usual number of active listings on the market. Record-low mortgage rates were another factor the lured buyers. The 30-year fixed rate is averaging 3.37 percent.
Fast forward: Economists and other housing experts expect continued price increases due to low inventory and lack of new-home construction. Still in question: Will would-be sellers, many of whom are under water, step away from the sidelines
Rewind: Amylin Pharmaceuticals was purchased for $7 billion, including $5.3 billion in cash, by Bristol-Myers Squibb.
Amylin had endured repeated setbacks to become one of San Diego's most renowned biotechnology companies. Its diabetes drug Byetta was developed from the saliva of the Gila monster, giving it the irreverent nickname of "lizard spit."
The story began when researcher John Eng noted that the venomous reptile's saliva causes pancreatic inflammation. He found it contains a chemical that helps control blood sugar. Amylin developed a synthetic version of that reptilian chemical, and dubbed it Byetta.
Fast forward: Bristol-Myers Squibb's announcement of plans for Amylin's San Diego operations.
Rewind: San Diego County's unadjusted unemployment rate dropped a full point, from 9.3 percent in January to 8.3 percent in November. (The December rate will be released in mid-January). The county jobless rate peaked for 2012 at 9.6 percent in March. Over the past 12 months, county employers have added a net 24,600 people to their payrolls.
Fast forward: The unemployment rate should continue its downward trend, assuming any fall off the fiscal cliff is short-lived. Point Loma Nazarene University projects the unemployment rate to sink below 8 percent for the first time in five years as employers add 29,000 payroll jobs.
Rewind: Westfield's University Towne Centre completed a $180 million makeover, while its sister mall in Escondido underwent a $55 million update. Regional malls combated rising vacancy rates by making their spaces more inviting to shoppers — with hipper food courts, comfortable sitting areas, lusher landscaping. Westfield UTC led the local retooling by replacing metal chairs and tables with higher-quality furniture. Eureka craft beer and hamburgers and Sarku Japan's sushi menu were added to the food court. ArcLight Cinema opened with a bar and cafe.
Fast forward: Westfield Horton Plaza will start construction on major design improvements to go along with the expansion of historic Horton Plaza park on the site of the former Robinsons-May department store building at Fourth Avenue and E Street. Completion is expected in 2014.
Rewind: The San Diego Convention Center won four big go-aheads — from hotel owners, labor unions, the San Diego Unified Port District and the city of San Diego — for the $520 million expansion to the 23-year-old facility on the downtown waterfront. The hotels approved an increase of up to 3 percentage points on the room tax to fund the bulk of annual bond payments. Labor withdrew its opposition after contractors agreed to working conditions on the project. And the port and city approved the financial plan and other details.


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I want to change my Windows XP Startup Icon can anyone tell me what steps i need to follow.I have heard from my friends but don't know how to do it.
Thanks in Advance.
I want to change my Windows XP Startup Icon can anyone tell me what steps i need to follow.I have heard from my friends but don't know how to do it.
Thanks in Advance.
Sure i will help you out with this you need to first download the software and than follow few steps.
After downloading follow this steps
Change the Start text
- Locate explorer.exe in your c:\Windows directory. Make a copy of the file in the same directory and rename it explorer.bak. Run Downloaded Software and open the file %windir%\Explorer.exe.
- You see a Tree of all Resources in this file.Expand the String Table folder and then find folder No. 37 (folder No. 38 if you're in Windows Classic mode).
- Click on resource 1033 and locate the text that says Start and replace it with your own text. You don't have a character limit, but the text takes up valuable taskbar space, so don't make it too long. then press the [Compile Script] button.
- Change your text
- Open folder No. 34 and click on resource 1033.
- Find the text that says Click here to begin and change it to something of your want to display
- Click on the Compile Script button to update this resource.
- Customize your Start icon
- Collapse the String Table folder and expand the Bitmap folder at the top of your folder list.
- Click on folder No. 143 and click on resource 1033 and You will see that Windows icon.
- Go to the Action Menu and select Replace bitmap .Select Open file with new bitmap and replace it with a bitmap image of size 25 pixels by 20 pixels.
- Save the changes
- After you have made all the changes,Click on Save Explorer.exe as NewStart.exe .
- Go to File – > save as and give it a new name.
- Quit the Software.
- Replace the Explorer
- Now boot into Safe Mode With Command Prompt by pressing F8 on startup. Then choose Safe Mode in the command prompt.
- Log on as administrator and enter your password if you have any.
- When the command prompt comes up, make sure you're in the right directory by typing cd c:\windows
Type the following code
copy c:\windows\NewStart.exe c:\windows\explorer.exe
- Type Yes to overwrite the existing file, then restart your system by typing shutdown -r.
Thanks a lot it worked for me. I am very happy that i have made this post at the right website.If i do have any query will post over here only.


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|1 Sep 2009
|Filing date
|5 May 2006
|Priority date
|23 Feb 2006
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Jeromy P. Rezac, Thomas H. Chyba
|Original Assignee
|Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (16), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (4), Classifications (13), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/775,797 filed Feb. 23, 2006, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to spectrometers, and more particularly to a technique for spectrograph calibration.
Spectrometer devices are useful in monitoring for the presence of certain types of chemicals. For example, a spectrometer device may use principles of Raman scattering to analyze a liquid, solid or gas material for certain chemicals. In one type of spectrometer device, a light dispersing element (also referred to as a spectrograph or diffraction grating) is provided to disperse light from a sample and the dispersed light is detected by a detector, such as a charge-coupled camera device. Pixels on the detector are activated depending on the nature of the dispersed light and data representing the spectrum produced by the detector is analyzed to determine the presence of one or more chemicals.
The performance of a spectrometer depends on the mechanical alignment of its components, on temperature and pressure conditions in and around the device, and in particular on the light dispersing element. To ensure accuracy of the measurements and analysis made by a spectrometer, it is necessary to adjust or calibrate for such variations.
Briefly, a method is provided for calibrating a spectrometer device used for Raman scattering analysis. A predetermined dispersion curve for a diffraction grating or spectrograph of the spectrometer device is modified based on spectrum data associated with detected dispersed light from a calibration light source to produce a modified dispersion curve. The wavelength of a Raman light source on a light detection device is determined. Calibration data for the spectrometer device is computed from the Raman line peak positions for the first chemical, the wavelength on the detection device of the Raman light source and the modified dispersion curve.
Referring first to
The desired Raman scattering effect is measured when the Raman light source 30 is activated and the spectrometer 10 is in a measurement mode. The Raman light source 30 can be any narrow band light source used for Raman excitation. In an exemplary embodiment, the light source 30 is an ultraviolet (UV) excimer laser. The calibration light source 20 may be any stable wavelength source and may include an undetermined number of spectral lines within the spectral region of interest. In an exemplary embodiment, the calibration light source 20 is a mercury (Hg) lamp. Alternatively, the calibration light source 20 may be an Argon (Ag) lamp or any fixed wavelength light source (laser) having a desired and known spectrum.
As is known in the art, a diffraction grating, such as the spectrograph 60, has a theoretical curve of dispersion vs. wavelength number expressed in terms of ICCD pixels and can be approximated as a polynomial curve, in an exemplary embodiment it is a cubic polynomial curve. The manufacturer of the grating typically provides data describing this curve. Thus, the dispersion curve function is previously determined either by measurement or theory. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the calibration algorithm 100 calibrates the dispersion curve of the spectrograph 60. This calibration algorithm 100 may be invoked at any time to verify proper operation of the spectrometer and may be used with a calibration source that is built into the spectrographic system 10 or with a calibration light source that is external to the system 10. Moreover, this technique can be used for in-field measurements or bench-top measurements (under controlled or test conditions).
On the ICCD camera 70, the pixels are a certain width across, but the wavelength to pixel mapping is non-linear as a result of the light dispersing function of the spectrograph 60 that spreads out the wavelengths at different angles. This is a basic aspect of a spectrograph. Because the light dispersing function is non-linear, it is necessary to have knowledge about how that dispersion works, through calibration. Calibration for the spectrograph 60 involves determining the mapping of wavelengths to pixel numbers on the ICCD camera 70. Part of calibration involves mapping out wavelength vs. pixel number, and then factoring in the Raman signature of interest fixed in wavenumber space. As is known in the art, wavenumber space is in units (1/cm) and is the difference in wavenumbers between the Raman light source 30 and the Raman shifted light. To do this, it is necessary to determine the Raman light source wavelength on the ICCD camera 70 because although the Raman wavenumber signatures are fixed with respect to the Raman light source, the Raman wavelength signatures are dependent on the Raman light source wavelength. Factors that can change the wavelength calibration include temperature, pressure and small mechanical changes in the alignment. The wavelength to wavenumber calibration can also be changed by a shift in the Raman light source wavelength.
With reference to
Next, the spectrum is obtained for air by activating the Raman light source 30 and collecting the Raman scattered light associated with air. Peak pixel positions for first and second chemicals in the reference sample spectrum data are determined. In one embodiment, the first chemical is nitrogen (N2) and the second chemical is oxygen (O2) and their fractional peak pixel locations are determined by a fit to a Lorentzian lineshape function. Using the O2 and N2 peak pixel positions in the reference sample (e.g., air) spectrum data, known Raman wavenumber shift of O2 and N2, together with the modified dispersion curve and relationship between wavelengths and wavenumbers, the best fit for the Raman light source wavelength is determined. This in turn provides spectrographic calibration information in wavenumber space. It should be understand that while air is used as the reference sample when activating the Raman light source, the reference sample used may be a liquid, solid or gas. Air is only an example of a reference or calibration sample for the Raman light source that may be convenient for certain applications according to one embodiment.
The nitrogen and oxygen peak line positions and the modified dispersion curve allow one to determine the wavelength of the Raman light source 30 and to do a mapping in wavenumber space. The position of the nitrogen and oxygen lines on the ICCD's pixel array depend on the wavelength of the Raman light source, but the wavelength calibration light source peak line positions on the ICCD's pixel array do not depend on that wavelength. The line peak positions for calibration light source 20 provide a mapping of the wavelengths to the pixels. The nitrogen and oxygen peak position lines provide information about any shift in the Raman light source 30. The nitrogen and oxygen peak line positions are always the same number of wavenumbers away from that of the Raman light source 30.
Turning now to
At 130, the processor 80 modifies the dispersion curve for the spectrograph 60 based on the pixel spectrum data for the calibration light source 20 to produce a calibrated or modified dispersion curve in wavelength space. Modification of the dispersion curve is shown in
Next, at 140, the Raman light source 30 is activated into a reference sample, e.g., air, and the Raman shifted (scattered) light is collected and coupled to the spectrograph 60. At 150, the ICCD camera 70 detects dispersed light from the spectrograph 60 and produces spectrum data for the reference sample, e.g., air.
At 160, the oxygen and nitrogen line peak pixel positions in the air spectrum data are used, together with the known Raman wavenumber shift of oxygen and nitrogen and the modified dispersion curve, to best fit the Raman light source wavelength, and in so doing, produce spectrographic calibration information in wavenumber space.
The calibration technique described above may be used in the field to verify proper operation of the spectrometer. For example, during a test session, air spectrum data is obtained by activating the Raman light source into the air and collecting the Raman air spectrum. If the line peak positions for nitrogen and oxygen are acceptable, then it may not be necessary to activate the onboard calibration light source and execute the calibration algorithm 100. However, if the nitrogen and oxygen line peak positions are not acceptable, then the algorithm 100 is invoked using the onboard calibration light source and performing the curve fitting procedure using the measurements described above.
The calibration algorithm 100 in the embodiments described herein is very precise. However, it requires time to perform. Therefore, according to an embodiment of the invention, the spectrometer can monitor a real-time data stream (containing spectrum data) for the location of the nitrogen peak and automatically adjusts the calibration data (shift the data pixel number) so as to always keep the nitrogen peak in the data stream within a certain number of pixels (e.g., one pixel) of the position of the nitrogen spectral peak pixel number in the (previously computed) calibration data. This achieves fast recalibration albeit with less accuracy then the complete calibration algorithm 100. If the nitrogen peak drifts too far (greater than a predetermined threshold in pixels) from the calibration nitrogen peak pixel number over time, the processor may generate an alert (audible and/or visual) to the user so the user can initiate the more precise calibration algorithm 100. Thus, the spectrometer may constantly monitor the spectrum and initiate this "fast" calibration in real-time when appropriate and decide when the complete calibration algorithm 100 is needed and invoked.
In certain spectrometer applications many of the target chemicals and sample surfaces may have features that overlap the oxygen line, potentially confusing real-time monitoring. However, due to the physics of Raman spectra (i.e. the energy of chemical vibrational bonds), there are no (or extremely few) features interfering with the nitrogen line. Consequently, the nitrogen line is nearly always available with little interference from a surface being scanned or from chemicals on the surface. As a result, it is not necessary to change the mode of operation to locate the position of the nitrogen line.
The foregoing techniques are applicable to other types of spectrographic systems, such as those that operate in the infrared and UV, and in systems that use a narrowband light source other than a laser for creating the Raman scattering. Moreover, any spectral lamp with emission lines in the wavelength region of interest may be used as the calibration light source.
The system and methods described herein may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The foregoing embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects illustrative and not meant to be limiting.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
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|12 Feb 1992
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|The Perkin-Elmer Corporation
|Standardizing and calibrating a spectrometric instrument
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|19 Sep 1995
|Albion Instruments, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for zero-calibration of a raman spectroscopy system
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|10 Sep 1996
|Florida Institute Of Technology
|Determination of concentrations of biological substances using raman spectroscopy and artificial neural network discriminator
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|Eastman Chemical Company
|On-line quantitative analysis of chemical compositions by Raman spectrometry
|9 Oct 1997
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|Method for standardizing raman spectrometers to obtain stable and transferable calibrations
|9 Feb 1996
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|Foss Electric A/S
|Method of standardizing a spectrometer
|27 Feb 1998
|16 Nov 1999
|Kaiser Optical Systems
|Spectroscopic probe with leak detection
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|Hewlett-Packard Company
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|Apparatus for measuring and applying instrumentation correction to produce a standard Raman spectrum
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|Optical measurement probe calibration configurations
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|Brookhaven Science Associates Llc
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|Method of multivariate spectral analysis
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|Quantum Dot Corporation
|Differentiable spectral bar code methods and systems
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|2 Jan 2007
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|Multi-channel, self-calibrating fiber-coupled raman spectrometers including diagnostic and safety features
|21 Oct 2005
|17 Jun 2008
|Optiscan Biomedical Corporation
|Method and apparatus for determining an analyte concentration in a sample having interferents
|9 May 2006
|15 Nov 2007
|Stedman Donald H
|Remote emissions sensing system and method incorporating spectral matching by data interpolation
|ASTM E-1683-02, "Standard Practice for Testing the Performance of Scanning Raman Spectrometers", ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, United States, 2002.
|ASTM E-1840-96 (Reapproved 2002), "Standard Guide for Raman Shift Standards for Spectrometer Calibration", ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, United States, 2002.
|Gregory W. Faris et al., "Ratio of Oxygen and Nitrogen Raman Cross Sections in the Ultraviolet", vol. 36, No. 12, Optical Society of America, 1997.
|PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion in counterpart International Application No. PCT/US07/62665, dated Feb. 20, 2008.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|6 Nov 2012
|Exelis Inc.
|Data quality and ancillary data checking for Raman sensor
|21 Jun 2012
|1 Dec 2015
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
|Window calibration method for harmonic analysis of optical spectra
|26 Jan 2009
|29 Jul 2010
|Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc.
|Data Quality And Ancillary Data Checking For Raman Sensor
|14 Mar 2014
|18 Sep 2014
|P&P Optica Inc.
|Apparatus and method for optimizing data capture and data correction for spectroscopic analysis
|U.S. Classification
|356/301, 356/328, 356/326
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|18 Jul 2008
Owner name: ITT MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES, INC., DELAWARE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:REZAC, JEROMY P.;CHYBA, THOMAS H.;REEL/FRAME:021258/0736
Effective date: 20060502
|17 Nov 2009
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|27 Jan 2012
Effective date: 20111221
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ITT MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES LLC (FORMERLY KNOWN AS ITT MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES, INC.);REEL/FRAME:027604/0136
Owner name: EXELIS INC., VIRGINIA
|1 Mar 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


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Program Name: Black and Blue Icons
Published By: Icon Drawer
License Type: Freeware
Date Released: October 30, 2008
Black and Blue Icons Desciption:
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Platform: Mac OS X
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Seca 703 High Capacity Digital Column Scale
Includes Seca 220 height rod, turning the 703 into the ultimate measuring station
660 pound / 300 kilogram capacity
Weighing Modes (Dual)
|Mode: Pounds
|Capacity:0 lb - 330 lb
330 lb - 660 lb
|Resolution:0.1 lb
0.2 lb
|Mode: Kilograms
|Capacity:0 kg - 150 kg
150 kg - 300 kg
|Resolution:50 g
100 g
Product Details
A Professional Scale For Your Home If you're looking to buy a high quality digital bathroom scale for your home, look no further. The Seca 703 is not only designed to give accurate, dependable results time after time, but to also blend seamlessly with your home decor. This great looking scale has a durable base to resist knicks and scratches, and a soft, slip resistant platform to prevent accidents. You'll have no trouble at all reading your weights from the large LCD display and low power consumption can save you big in battery power.
Wireless Data Transfer The Seca 703 wirelessly transmits data to any EMR system making data recording easier than ever.
Mother Child Function This Seca scale has a really cool mommy and baby feature that allows a child's weight to be measured while it is being held by an adult. This feature reduces stress caused to the child by weighing resulting in less movement and a more accurate weight reading.
BMI (Body Mass Index) Feature If you're really serious about keeping an eye on your health, a BMI scale would be a great investment. This scale has the BMI function to help you determine the weight range that's right for you and your lifestyle.
Slip Resistant Platform This seca health scale has a durable, non slip covering on the surface to help prevent accidental slips and falls. This soft, rubber cover makes weighing with this bariatric scale both safe and comfortable.
Low Power Consumption Seca had on their thinking caps when they designed this health scale. The Seca 703 has a low power consumption and auto-off feature to allow over 16,000 weight readings from a single set of batteries. Now, that's a lot of weighing.
The Height Rod's Included This BMI scale comes complete with the Seca 220 height rod, turning it into the ultimate measuring station. Knowing your weight and height will let you accurately calculate your BMI number.
Tare Feature The tare button on this digital scale's weight display can be pressed to "zero out" the weight on the scale. You can then add more weight, and the display will only show the weight of the items you're adding. This can sure come in handy if ya want to weigh your baby, or a pet, while holding him or her in your arms.
Hold Feature With this cool feature you can weigh, press the "hold" key, and step off the scale. After you step off the scale, your weight reading will remain on the display. This feature will let you, (or your patient if you're a doctor or nurse) step off the scale, then, record your weights.
2 YEAR MANUFACTURER'S WARRANTY Seca Scales offers a two year warranty against defects in material and workmanship. In the rare case ya have a problem with this obesity scale, contact seca for a repair or replacement.
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text:
since Jun 2010
0 Curated Comments,
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If people want to buy and are too stupid to haggle with children for a reasonable price, then they deserve ...
What would you prefer they use instead of sonic cannons and tasers? Guns? Clubs? Harsh language? At least the aforementioned ...


text:
So what's the big deal about CNC carving, anyway? In the early days of the technology, it was big, heavy and expensive stuff – if you wanted precision and reliability. But today things are very different thanks to the Oliver Intellicarve, which is a table top sized CNC carver that's
3 Spectacular Curly Maple Wood Finishes That'll Blow 'Em Away
Curly maple, tiger maple, fiddleback maple and quilted maple (various names for different types of figure found in maple lumber) have to be some of the more interesting woods to finish because you can take a board from mild to wild with the simplest of techniques. Here are just a few of
3 Wonderful Sapele Wood Finishes for Better Woodworking Projects
It's easy to love sapele lumber, especially for furniture and cabinetry. The wood is well-mannered when it comes to machining and working it with hand tools, making it a pleasure to use in woodworking projects. But it's also downright beautiful with flowing ribbons of stripy figure trailing from end to


text:
Skip to comments.Famous Atheist Now Believes in God
Posted on 12/09/2004 1:15:38 PM PST by ZGuy
click here to read article
"God is dead" - Neitchze
"Atheism is dead" - science
At 81 you may want to start making plans for the next step.
At 81, he is in the foxhole now. Kinda sad, but reality.
My grandfather was a self-professed Atheist all his life. Until his death at 101. Or rather, until right before his death when he changed his mind.
I sure hope this thread attracts the Fr-atheists, I'm waiting for their responses.
I'm praying they respond. ;-)
101! wow, talk about waiting till the last minute.
bump for Later
That was my thought...He jumped the fence none too soon.
One Flew, out of the "cuckoo's nest"...
"It has become inordinately difficult even to begin to think about constructing a naturalistic theory of the evolution of that first reproducing organism,"
200 years ago there was no better explanation for how man came to be than the 6 day story of creation. By today's standards, that assumption is ridiculous, in time, Flew's statement above will be too.
"He sounds like a Unitarian."
Indeed he does. I like to call Unitarians "Nothingtarians."
Because it their attempt to embrace everything some, they actually embrace nothing at all. Unitarians are just religious humanists. It is a warm and fuzzy group, that want "religon" but not anything that would make demands on them. IMHO!
Please, anyone who fights against the teaching of evolution in public schools, please read and understand this line.
Creationist ideas and the new "intelligent design" fad are not science. Doesn't mean they're not right, just that they make no testable predictions. More importantly, they do not conflict in any way with the concepts and teaching of evolution, which does not, despite many people's conception of it, claim any starting point or origin of life. Darwinian evolution merely describes how organisms change, not how they began. Plus, added bonus, it is scientific, which means it makes predictions about the fossil record that can then be proved or disproved. Please don't muddle the scientific education of our children with things that are not science.
Sorry to rant, but I've been distressed by the number of stories in the news lately about "evolution vs. ", when there is in fact to conflict there to speak of.
Flew evolved from ignorant "atheist" to idiotic "deist."
It's amazing how many so-called "intellectuals" run a deficit when it comes to adding 2+2 or common sense.
"Atheism is dead" - science
"God and Neitchze are bothGHAAAK!... - Grut
Well, I do remember something about his son(s) dying...
GI Ping
A very interesting read!
Flew is a philosopher and as such can choose to use different schools of thought to explore problems. He has the flexibility of being able to explore ideas of creation outside of the confides of scientific methodology. He can choose to believe in things using standards of his own selection. Atheists aren't all cut from the same block of wood, some of us have different philosophical backgrounds. I've read Flew would say that his acceptance of ID seems reasonable to his standards ( which have changed through the years) but not to someone who resides staunchly in the school of modern skepticism like myself.
He's probably gotten over hating the old man and being a smart guy realizes that calling oneself an atheist is really an untenable position.
Famous Atheist Now Believes in GodExcerpt:
NEW YORK - A British philosophy professor who has been a leading champion of atheism for more than a half-century has changed his mind. He now believes in God more or less based on scientific evidence, and says so on a video released Thursday.
At age 81, after decades of insisting belief is a mistake, Antony Flew has concluded that some sort of intelligence or first cause must have created the universe. A super-intelligence is the only good explanation for the origin of life and the complexity of nature, Flew said in a telephone interview from England.
Please let me know if you want ON or OFF my General Interest ping list!. . .don't be shy.
Well, he still is wrong!
Want to try to convince some staunch followers of Morris and Ham about this?
Poor old fool. (From Psalms 14:1: The fool has said in his heart, There is no God.) Better he wised up late than never, but so what? He's a dime a dozen as an atheist: a little more valuable as a believer.
Carrier assured atheists that Flew accepts only a "minimal God" and believes in no afterlife.
If I've got this straight, Flew thinks he needs God, in order to explain the existence of the complex Cosmos we've found ourselves in. But Flew also thinks that same God needs to be minimal.
Interesting. Ping for later review.
Maybe he's a "Frisbee-tarian" When they die their souls fly up on the roof and nobody can get it down. :^)
Actually, Flew is one of the most influential philosophers in the world.
This is really HUGE (no, I don't mean "hugh") news. He is part of the bedrock intellectual base for atheism. I think an earthquake just occurred. Many folks here just don't realize the immensity of this news. I'm not speaking of Flew's salvation, I'm talking about the whole world of ideas.
His comments about Intelligent Design will Phillip Johnson and company a tremendous boost. Morris and Ham may have lost a few points.
I love the line about "I don't thnk its a big deal". That's just a way of saying, "Move along, fellow atheists. Nothing to see here."
As to his not being a Christian, CS Lewis took years to go from atheist to idealist, idealist to theist, and lastly theist to Christian.
After all, it's all about the importance of being Antony, isn't it?
He waited until he was 81 to read Thomas Aquinas?
judge not
It doesn't explain how to install XP?
"It has become inordinately difficult even to begin to think about constructing a naturalistic theory of the evolution of that first reproducing organism," [Flew] wrote.
Current inability to explain a phenomenon scientifically does not imply that phenomenon's scientific inexplicability.
Professor Flew finds himself unable to explain the appearance of the first reproducing organism, and so he elects to posit the existence of a non-physical universal intelligence that (somehow) produced that organism (and, presumably, everything else). Either Flew has an exaggerated sense of his own intelligence ("If I can't explain it, it can't be scientifically explained!") or else he's lost a step or three in his judgment of the soundness of arguments (or both).
Flew is 81 years oldit's probably not that easy for him to micturate, either.
(Okay, that last bit was a snark, but, hey, I'm bored, and if I don't say something like that every now and then, I'm gonna have to forfeit my log-in name.)
Moral Absolutes Ping.
Facing the inevitability of imminent death certainly has a tendency to focus one's attention.
The reality is we should all feel that intensity.
I wonder if he'll live long enough to change his "opinion" about no afterlife?
Let me know if anyone wants on/off this pinglist.
He couldn't beat the living C.S. Lewis in a debate. Flew loved the attention of crying, "I am an atheist!", in a time and a place where that was considered shocking. Now days, his only fall back is to hint that a blabbering 81 year-old professional atheist might just barely concede the possible existance of some kind of higher intelligence than his own. Anything for attention....
I suspect when he turns 120 he may think that the afterlife exists, at 230 he may go to Church, and at 460 he will become a monk. No rush.
It's sad to see Flew's senile.
Proudly, unabashed Classical liberal - and (shocking) - Atheist.
I wonder....... if some are scared of death at 81 or 8 and enbrace relgion
I wonder....... if some are scared of death at 81 or 8 and enbrace relgion
No, he's come up with an explanation that countless others have through generations of humans. You just don't accept it. There is evidence that intelligence designs things. We have that evidence every time an artifact is discovered.
Carrier assured atheists that Flew accepts only a "minimal God" and believes in no afterlife.
Flew told The Associated Press his current ideas have some similarity with American "intelligent design" theorists, who see evidence for a guiding force in the construction of the universe. He accepts Darwinian evolution but doubts it can explain the ultimate origins of life.
To you he is arrogant and presumptuous only when he disagrees with you. After all, he accepts Darwinian evolution.
C.S. Lewis alert.
There has to be something wrong with Christian religious training in the UK to come up with this conclusion.
The thief on the cross was a last minute convert.
There is hope for you guys yet. :-)
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


text:
Dave Stryker
Genres: Jazz
Dave Stryker (born March 30, 1957) is an American jazz guitarist. He has 21 CD's as a leader to date, and has been a featured sideman with Stanley Turrentine, Jack McDuff, and Kevin Mahogany, among others. Gary Giddins in the ''Village Voice'' calls him "one of the most distinctive guitarists to come along in recent years." He was voted one of the Top Ten Guitarists in the 2001 Critics and Readers poll of ''Down Beat'', and has been elected a Rising Star in the 2004-2007 Downbeat Critics Poll. Stryker grew up in Omaha, Nebraska, moved to New York City in 1980, and joined organist Jack McDuff's group, travelling all over the U.S. for two years (1984-85). From 1986 to 1995,and 19... Continue Bio >>
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text:
Smoking Hot by M4GXWatch
Terrific! Keep up the Great work.
Great work on the muscles and the smoking is amazing.
Love it
Absolutely love this one.
god i love her
She just made cancer her slave
I like the coloration in each of these three picks, almost reflects each girls muscle intensity.
your picture is smoking hot
Are these drawings patterned after real women? This one reminds me of the Swedish arm wrestling champ Sarah Backman .
I do use picture for references, but its not Sarah!
Good guess tough
Good guess tough
That's awesome :3


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Check out the latest news and insight from the ever-evolving world of institutional investing and hedge funds from around the globe.
Read More Industry News >
SAC Capital Advisors' Steve Cohen has declined to testify before a grand jury against his hedge fund firm.
The New York Times reported that Cohen's lawyers have informed the government that the hedge fund manager will "assert his constitutional right against self-incrimination."
According to an earlier eVestment article, five SAC executives have been subpoenaed to testify regarding the firm's insider trading activities, stemming from trades made by SAC employees in 2007 regarding drugmakers Elan and Wyeth, as well as computer maker Dell.
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With about 1,000 employees across five offices throughout the world, SAC manages about $15 billion in assets.
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text:
VANCOUVER, Wash. (AP) — The Best Buy store in Vancouver, Wash., is among dozens of stores the company plans to close this year.
The Columbian (http://is.gd/tevmmL ) reports the Mill Plain store has been marked for closure by the Richfield, Minn.-based retailer. The company announced its plans over the weekend.
The Vancouver store was closed on Saturday but reopened for regular hours on Sunday.
In an email to customers, the company says the Vancouver store will close May 12, or when supplies run out, whichever happens first.
Best Buy once had two big box stores in Clark County. The company closed a store in the Hazel Dell Town Center in 2008 when it opened a store in Portland.
Information from: The Columbian, http://www.columbian.com


text:
Purple Naga Dragon by kimrhodesWatch
©2014-2016 kimrhodes
10" tall mixed media sculpture. this one was difficult to photograph has both iridescent and shiny fabrics and a lot of the texture in the black is barely visible, I will have to take some pics in the daylight too. I like how it turned out though, this was made in similar style to fav.me/d5releg
Great dragon, really! Beauty in every detail
I have to say the pictures don't do this amazing dragon justice. The details are breathtaking! I could just sit and look at all the details for hours ^_^
This dragon is stunning. I love the color combination of black and purple. The wings are my favorite part. You do beautiful work.
I think that this one is my favorite so far!
Ugh, soooo hurting to buy one of these gorgeous babies one day! Amazing work as always.
Love this!
How much would a custom order be?
How much does it take? It looks really awesome
Black and purple beautiful creation, love the asian feel about him.
how much
Holy crap, that's awesome!
Amazing! There's so much detail- this is beautiful!
My gosh, that is just so impressive... I just love your work. You're an inspiration.
Great job on this! He looks beautiful!
This is amazing work. So much details, wonderful color choices, great materials. Very creative and it all comes together beautifully. Very well done!
Purple is my favorite color, along with black but what I like most about this sculpture is actually the tail.
Wow, that is really a Beauty!
I have said it before, too much personality to sell, they should be adopted to a good parent!
wow... so awesome...
It's very beautiful, thanks so much for sharing! ^.^
Wow! Absolutely stunning! The details are so well done
That is amazing!
oh my god i would love this for my birthday (just joking i couldnt have it)
Love the tail design!
OMG That is amazing! The face, the wings & oh that tail!!! I can't tell you how happy I am! It's sooooo pretty!!
This is one of the most beautiful things ever!!! It's amazing and I love it!!
Oh my goodness! The technical execution is obviously awesome, but I love the design of this dragon! Truly majestic and beautiful.
i LOVE your dragons, they're artistically inspiring AND fun to look at keep up the good work!
Wonderful work on this!
You've been featured in my weekly Sculpture Poll.
This isn't a competition, it's just another way to expose beautiful artworks to the community.
Have a nice day!
You've been featured in my weekly Sculpture Poll.
This isn't a competition, it's just another way to expose beautiful artworks to the community.
Have a nice day!
This is soooo goooood
absolutely gorgeous!
Woow!! Such a mindblowing sculpture, I love the colours, the shape, the different materials...Awesome work, I really love it
Oh wow, he's absolutely stunning!
Those colours! But I reallyreally love the tail Gorgeous work!
*gasp* so gorgeous! Am deffo gonna save up for another piece of yours. Your dragons just get more and more stunning <3
This is so amazing! The detail of those wings is incredible, as well as the feet, head, and every other inch! I love iridescent scales!