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For the most current version of this Note, see Background Notes A-Z.
Area: 26,338 sq. km. (10,169 sq. km.); about the size of Maryland.
Cities: Capital--Kigali (est. pop. 800,000). Other cities--Gitarama, Butare, Ruhengeri, Gisenyi.
Terrain: Uplands and hills.
Climate: Mild and temperate, with two rainy seasons.
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Rwandan(s).
Population (July 2008 est.): approximately 10,180,000.
Annual growth rate (2008 est.): 2.8%.
Ethnic groups: Hutu 85%, Tutsi 14%, Twa 1%.
Religions: Christian 93.5%, traditional African 0.1%, Muslim 4.6%, 1.7% claim no religious beliefs.
Languages: Kinyarwanda, French, English.
Education: Years compulsory--6. Attendance--75% (prewar). Literacy--70.4%.
Health: Infant mortality rate (2008 est.)--83.4 deaths/1,000. Life expectancy (2008 est.)--49.8 years.
Work force: Agriculture--90%; industry and commerce, services, and government--10% (2000).
Type: Republic.
Independence: July 1, 1962.
Constitution: May 26, 2003.
Branches: Executive--president (chief of state), prime minister (head of government). Broad-based government of national unity formed after the 1994 civil war. Elections in 2003 elected a president, 80-seat Chamber of Deputies and 26-member Senate. Elections for the Chamber of Deputies were again held in 2008. Legislative--Chamber of Deputies; Senate. Judicial--Supreme Court; High Courts of the Republic; Provincial Courts; District Courts; mediation committees.
Administrative subdivisions: 4 provinces plus Kigali; 30 districts; 416 sectors; 2,148 cells.
Political parties: There are nine political parties, including the ruling Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), which leads a coalition that includes the Centrist Democratic Party (PDC), the Rwandan Socialist Party (PSR), the Ideal [formerly Islamic] Democratic Party (PDI), and the Democratic Popular Union (UPDR). Other parties include the Social Democratic Party (PSD), the Liberal Party (PL), the Concord Progressive Party (PPC), and the Prosperity and Solidarity Party (PSP).
Suffrage: Universal for citizens over 18--except refugees, prisoners, and certain categories of convicts.
Central government budget (2007 est.): 31.7 billions of Rwandan francs ($29 million) Revenues--$28 million. Expenditures--$29 million.
GDP (2008 est.): $3.4 billion.
Real GDP growth rate (2008 est.): 11.2%.
Per capita income (2008 est.): $370. Purchasing power parity (2006 est.): $1,600.
Average inflation rate (2008 est.): 20%.
Agriculture (2008): 40% of GDP. Products--coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes, livestock.
Industry (2008): 13.5% of GDP. Types--cement, agricultural products, beer production, soft drinks, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes, pharmaceuticals.
Services (2007): 42.7%.
Trade (2007 est.): Exports--$145 million: tea, coffee, coltan, cassiterite, hides, iron ore, and tin. Major markets--China, Belgium, and Germany. Imports (2007 est.)--$488 million f.o.b.: foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, steel, petroleum products, cement, and construction material. Major suppliers--Kenya, Germany, Belgium, France, Uganda, and Israel.
Rwanda's countryside is covered by grasslands and small farms extending over rolling hills, with areas of rugged mountains that extend southeast from a chain of volcanoes in the northwest. The divide between the Congo and Nile drainage systems extends from north to south through western Rwanda at an average elevation of almost 9,000 feet. On the western slopes of this ridgeline, the land slopes abruptly toward Lake Kivu and the Ruzizi River valley, which form the western boundary with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) and constitute part of the Great Rift valley. The eastern slopes are more moderate, with rolling hills extending across central uplands at gradually reducing altitudes, to the plains, swamps, and lakes of the eastern border region.
Although located only two degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda's high elevation makes the climate temperate. The average daily temperature near Lake Kivu, at an altitude of 4,800 feet (1,463 meters) is 73o F (23o C). During the two rainy seasons (February-May and September-December), heavy downpours occur almost daily, alternating with sunny weather. Annual rainfall averages 80 centimeters (31 in.) but is generally heavier in the western and northwestern mountains than in the eastern savannas.
Rwanda's population density, even after the 1994 genocide, is currently the highest in continental Sub-Saharan Africa. Still a very rural society, many families live in a self-contained compound on a hillside. The urban concentrations are grouped around administrative centers. The indigenous population consists of three ethnic groups. Accounts of their respective arrivals in the area of modern Rwanda were highly politicized during Rwanda's post-colonial era, particularly in the years leading up to the genocide. The Hutus, who comprise the majority of the population (85%), are traditionally farmers of Bantu origin. The Tutsis (14%) are traditionally a pastoral people who by some accounts arrived in the area in the 15th century. Until 1959, they formed the dominant caste under a feudal system based on cattle holding. The Twa (1%) are thought to be the remnants of the earliest settlers of the region. Over 70% of the adult population is literate, but not more than 5% have received secondary education. During 1994-95, most primary schools and more than half of prewar secondary schools reopened. The national university in Butare reopened in April 1995; enrollment is over 7,000. Rebuilding the educational system continues to be a high priority of the Rwandan Government.
According to folklore, Tutsi cattle breeders began arriving in the area from the Horn of Africa in the 15th century and gradually subjugated the Hutu inhabitants. The Tutsis established a monarchy headed by a mwami (king) and a feudal hierarchy of Tutsi nobles and gentry. However, in some areas of the country, independent Hutu principalities continued to exist, and in other areas Tutsi and Hutu lineages lived in interdependent cooperation under the nominal control of the Tutsi king. Within the monarchy, through a contract known as ubuhake, the Hutu farmers pledged their services and those of their descendants to a Tutsi lord in return for the loan of cattle and use of pastures and arable land. Thus, the Tutsi reduced some Hutu to virtual serfdom. However, boundaries of race and class were somewhat fluid, with most rural Tutsis enjoying few advantages over the Hutu. The first European known to have visited Rwanda was German Count Von Goetzen in 1894. He was followed by missionaries, notably the "White Fathers." In 1899, the mwami submitted to a German protectorate without resistance. Belgian troops from Zaire chased the small number of Germans out of Rwanda in 1915 and took control of the country.
After World War I, the League of Nations mandated Rwanda and its southern neighbor, Burundi, to Belgium as the territory of Ruanda-Urundi. Following World War II, Ruanda-Urundi became a UN Trust Territory with Belgium as the administrative authority. Reforms instituted by the Belgians in the 1950s encouraged the growth of democratic political institutions but were resisted by the Tutsi traditionalists who saw in them a threat to Tutsi rule. An increasingly restive Hutu population, encouraged by the Belgian military, sparked a revolt in November 1959, resulting in the overthrow of the Tutsi monarchy. Two years later, the Party of the Hutu Emancipation Movement (PARMEHUTU) won an overwhelming victory in a UN-supervised referendum.
During the 1959 revolt and its aftermath, more than 160,000 Tutsis fled to neighboring countries. The PARMEHUTU government, formed as a result of the September 1961 election, was granted internal autonomy by Belgium on January 1, 1962. A June 1962 UN General Assembly resolution terminated the Belgian trusteeship and granted full independence to Rwanda (and Burundi) effective July 1, 1962.
Gregoire Kayibanda, leader of the PARMEHUTU Party, became Rwanda's first elected president, leading a one-party government chosen from the membership of the directly elected unicameral National Assembly. Peaceful negotiation of international problems, social and economic elevation of the masses, and integrated development of Rwanda were the ideals of the Kayibanda regime; in reality the Kayibanda government promoted a Hutu-supremicist ideology.
Relations with 43 countries, including the United States, were established in the first 10 years. Despite the progress made, inefficiency and corruption began festering in government ministries in the mid-1960s. On July 5, 1973, the military took power under the leadership of Maj. Gen. Juvenal Habyarimana, who dissolved the National Assembly and the PARMEHUTU Party and abolished all political activity.
In 1975, President Habyarimana formed the National Revolutionary Movement for Development (MRND) whose goals were to promote peace, unity, and national development, in the guise of a one-party state. The movement was organized from the "hillside" to the national level and included elected and appointed officials.
Under MRND aegis, Rwandans went to the polls in December 1978, overwhelmingly endorsed a new constitution, and confirmed President Habyarimana as president. President Habyarimana was re-elected in 1983 and again in 1988, when he was the sole candidate. Responding to public pressure for political reform, President Habyarimana announced in July 1990 his intention to transform Rwanda's one-party state into a multi-party democracy.
On October 1, 1990, Rwandan exiles banded together as the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) and invaded Rwanda from their base in Uganda. The rebel force, composed primarily of ethnic Tutsis, blamed the government for failing to democratize and resolve the problems of some 500,000 Tutsi refugees living in the diaspora around the world. The war dragged on for almost 2 years until a cease-fire accord was signed July 12, 1992, in Arusha, Tanzania, fixing a timetable for an end to the fighting and political talks, leading to a peace accord and power sharing, and authorizing a neutral military observer group under the auspices of the Organization for African Unity. A cease-fire took effect July 31, 1992, and political talks began August 10, 1992.
On April 6, 1994, the airplane carrying President Habyarimana and the President of Burundi was shot down as it prepared to land at Kigali. Both presidents were killed. As though the shooting down was a signal, military and militia groups began rounding up and killing all Tutsis and political moderates, regardless of their ethnic background.
The prime minister and her 10 Belgian bodyguards were among the first victims. The killing swiftly spread from Kigali to all corners of the country; between April 6 and the beginning of July, a genocide of unprecedented swiftness left up to 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus dead at the hands of organized bands of militia--Interahamwe. Even ordinary citizens were called on to kill their neighbors by local officials and government-sponsored radio. The president's MRND Party was implicated in organizing many aspects of the genocide.
The RPF battalion stationed in Kigali under the Arusha accords came under attack immediately after the shooting down of the president's plane. The battalion fought its way out of Kigali and joined up with RPF units in the north. The RPF then resumed its invasion, and civil war raged concurrently with the genocide for 2 months. French forces landed in Goma, Zaire, in June 1994 on a humanitarian mission. They deployed throughout southwest Rwanda in an area they called "Zone Turquoise," ostensibly to quell the genocide and stop the fighting there; many members of the genocidal rump regime established after the genocide escaped through the French zone to eastern Congo. The Rwandan Army was quickly defeated by the RPF and fled across the border to Zaire followed by some 2 million refugees who fled to Zaire, Tanzania, and Burundi. The RPF took Kigali on July 4, 1994, and the war ended on July 16, 1994. The RPF took control of a country ravaged by war and genocide. Up to 1 million had been murdered, another 2 million or so had fled, and another million or so were displaced internally.
The international community responded with one of the largest humanitarian relief efforts ever mounted. The United States was one of the largest contributors. The UN peacekeeping operation, UNAMIR, was drawn down during the fighting but brought back up to strength after the RPF victory. UNAMIR remained in Rwanda until March 8, 1996.
Following an uprising by the ethnic Tutsi Banyamulenge people in eastern Zaire in October 1996, a huge movement of refugees began which brought more than 600,000 back to Rwanda in the last 2 weeks of November. This massive repatriation was followed at the end of December 1996 by the return of another 500,000 from Tanzania, again in a huge, spontaneous wave. Less than 100,000 Rwandans are estimated to remain outside of Rwanda, and they are thought to be the remnants of the defeated army of the former genocidal government, its allies in the civilian militias known as Interahamwe, and soldiers recruited in the refugee camps before 1996.
In 2001, the government began implementation of a grassroots village-level justice system, known as gacaca, in order to address the enormous backlog of cases stemming from the genocide. Despite periodic prison releases, including the most recent January 2006 release of approximately 7,000 prisoners, tens of thousands of individuals remain in the prison system, some scheduled to face the traditional court system, some awaiting trial by gacaca courts, some convicted by gacaca courts and returned to serve their sentences. By the end of 2006, 818,000 genocide suspects had been identified by the gacaca courts; case totals are now over one million. These courts hoped to complete their caseload by the end of 2008.
In February 2008 a moderate earthquake in neighboring D.R.C., near the southern Rwandan border town of Cyangugu, caused several dozen deaths and hundreds of injuries in two Rwandan districts, with hundreds of homes rendered uninhabitable and several churches demolished. Rwandan authorities responded quickly to the tragedy and, with the assistance of local and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs), assisted those in need.
After its military victory in July 1994, the RPF organized a coalition government similar to that established by President Habyarimana in 1992. Called "The Broad Based Government of National Unity," its fundamental law is based on a combination of the June 1991 constitution, the Arusha accords, and political declarations by the parties. The MRND Party was outlawed. In April 2003, the transitional National Assembly recommended the dissolution of the Democratic Republican Party (MDR), one of eight political parties participating in the Government of National Unity since 1994. Human rights groups noted the subsequent disappearances of political figures associated with the MDR, including at least one parliamentarian serving in the National Assembly. On May 26, 2003, Rwanda adopted a new constitution that eliminated reference to ethnicity and set the stage for presidential and legislative elections in August and September 2003. The seven remaining political parties endorsed incumbent Paul Kagame for president, who was elected to a 7-year term on August 25, 2003. Rwanda held its first-ever legislative elections September 29 to October 2, 2003. A ninth political party formed after these 2003 elections. In the spring of 2006, the government conducted local non-partisan elections for district mayors and for sector and cell executive committees. Elections for the Chamber of Deputies occurred in September 2008; the RPF won an easy victory in coalition with six small parties, taking 42 of 53 directly-elected seats. As provided in the constitution, 24 seats were also accorded to women candidates in indirect elections. Women now hold 45 of the 80 seats in the Chamber. The elections were peaceful and orderly, despite irregularities.
Challenges facing the government include promoting further democratization and judicial reform; completion of prosecution of hundreds of thousands of individuals for crimes relating to the 1994 genocide, either by the regular court system or the gacaca system; preventing the recurrence of any insurgency directed by ex-military and Interahamwe militia who remain in eastern Congo; and the continuing work on medium- and long-term development planning.
Principal Government Officials
President--Paul Kagame
Prime Minister--Bernard Makuza
Minister of Foreign Affairs--Louise Mushikiwabo
Ambassador to the United States--James Kimonyo
Ambassador to the United Nations--Eugene-Richard Gasana
Rwanda maintains an embassy in the United States at 1714 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 (tel. 202-232-2882).
The Rwandan economy is based on the largely rain-fed agricultural production of small, semi-subsistence, and increasingly fragmented farms. It has few natural resources to exploit and a small, uncompetitive industrial sector. While the production of coffee and tea is well suited to the small farms, steep slopes, and cool climates of Rwanda, the average family farm size is one-half hectare, unsuitable for most agro-business purposes, especially in view of government ownership of all land and the resettlement of displaced persons. Agribusiness accounts for 36.2% (2007 est.) of Rwanda's GDP and 40.2% of exports. Minerals in 2007 accounted for 35.9% of export earnings, followed by tourism, tea and coffee, and pyrethrum (whose extract is used in insect repellant). Mountain gorillas and other upscale eco-tourism venues are increasingly important sources of tourism revenue. Rwanda's tourism and hospitality sector requires further development. Rwanda is a member of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and the East African Community. Some 34% of Rwanda's imports originate in Africa, 90% from COMESA countries. The Government of Rwanda has sought to privatize several key firms. Rwandatel, the government fixed-line provider and the country's second-largest mobile phone provider, sold to American-led Terracom in 2006, was resold to a Libyan firm in 2007. The government in the last several years also sold off several government-owned tea estates, and made great strides in completing privatization of the banking sector. Electrogaz, the utility monopoly, remains to be privatized, as do several other parastatals.
During the 5 years of civil war that culminated in the 1994 genocide, GDP declined in 3 out of 5 years, posting a dramatic decline at more than 40% in 1994, the year of the genocide. The 9% increase in real GDP for 1995, the first postwar year, signaled the resurgence of economic activity, due primarily to massive foreign aid.
In the immediate postwar period--mid-1994 through 1995--emergency humanitarian assistance of more than $307.4 million was largely directed to relief efforts in Rwanda and in the refugee camps in neighboring countries where Rwandans fled during the war. In 1996, humanitarian relief aid began to shift to reconstruction and development assistance.
Since 1996, Rwanda has experienced steady economic recovery, thanks to foreign aid (now over $500 million per year) and governmental reforms. Since 2002, the GDP growth rate has ranged from 3%-9% per annum, and inflation had ranged between 2%-9%. Rwanda depends on significant foreign imports (over $400 million per year). Exports have increased, up to $145 million in 2007. Private investment remains below expectations despite an open trade policy, a favorable investment climate, cheap and abundant labor, tax incentives to businesses, stable internal security, and crime rates that are comparatively low. Investment insurance also is available through the Africa Trade Insurance Agency or the Overseas Private Investment Corporation. The weakness of exports as well as low domestic savings rates are threats to future growth. The global economic crisis has impacted Rwanda. However, while there is a substantial decline in overall exports, remittances, and NGO transfers, the agricultural sector is expected to perform strongly in 2009. Amidst obstacles, Rwanda appears committed to economic reform and private sector investment. In the World Bank's "Ease of Doing Business" report released in September 2009, Rwanda catapulted from number 143 to number 67.
The Government of Rwanda remains dedicated to a strong and enduring economic climate for the country. To this end the government focuses on poverty reduction, infrastructure development, privatization of government-owned assets, expansion of the export base, and liberalization of trade. The implementation of a value added tax of 18% and improved tax collections are having a positive impact on government revenues and thereby services rendered. Banking reform and low corruption also are favorable current trends. Agricultural reforms, improved farming methods, and increased use of fertilizers are improving crop yields and national food supply. Moreover, the government is pursing educational and healthcare programs that bode well for the long-term quality of Rwanda's human resource skills base.
Many challenges remain for Rwanda. Rwanda is dependent on significant foreign aid. Exports continue to lag far behind imports and will continue to affect the health of the economy. Inflation may become a problem due to the large influx of donor funds. The persistent lack of economic diversification beyond the production of tea, coffee, and minerals keeps the country vulnerable to market fluctuations. Rwanda's landlocked situation necessitates strong highway infrastructure maintenance, and good transport linkages to neighboring countries, especially Uganda and Tanzania, are critical. Transportation costs remain high and, therefore, burden import and export costs. Rwanda has no railway system for port access in Tanzania, although the nearest railhead from Kigali is 380 kilometers away at Isaka, Tanzania. The development of small manufacturing and service industries is needed, and the tourism industry has far greater potential given the current stability, travel infrastructure, and available animal parks as well as other potential tourist sites. In 2006, Rwanda completed the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative and the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt initiative, significantly lowering its foreign debt load.
American business interests in Rwanda are modest, and the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) has yet to make a significant impact in Rwanda. In addition to long-standing tea production by an American firm, and telecommunications sales and service, a U.S. corporation is in the final stages of an agreement with Rwandan authorities to produce 100 MW of electrical power from methane extraction operations in Lake Kivu. A U.S. mining company is investing in local mineral production. Energy needs will stress natural resources in wood and gas, but hydroelectric power development is underway, albeit primarily in the planning stages, as is methane development. Rwanda does not have nuclear power or coal resources. Finally, Rwanda's fertility rate--averaging 5.43 births (2006 est.) per woman--will continue to stress services, and diseases such as AIDS/HIV transmission, malaria, and tuberculosis will have a major impact on human resources.
Rwanda's government-run radio broadcasts 15 hours a day in Kinyarwanda, English, and French, the national languages. News programs include regular re-broadcasts from international radio such as Voice of America, BBC and Deutsche Welle. There is one government-operated television station. In addition to government-operated Radio Rwanda, there are a number of independent FM radio stations. There are few independent newspapers; most newspapers publish in Kinyarwanda on a weekly, biweekly, or monthly basis. Several Western nations, including the United States, are working to encourage freedom of the press, the free exchange of ideas, and responsible journalism.
The military establishment is comprised of a well-trained army and a small, rotary-wing air force. Defense spending continues to represent a disproportionate share of the national budget, largely due to continuing security problems along the frontiers with the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Burundi in the aftermath of the war. Following withdrawal of Rwandan Armed Forces from the Democratic Republic of the Congo in October 2002, the government completely restructured the military and launched an ambitious plan to demobilize thousands of soldiers. At end state, Rwanda will have a small, well-equipped army of 25,000 soldiers.
Rwanda is an active member of the international community and has remained in the international spotlight since the genocide. Rwanda is an active member of the UN, having presided over the Security Council during part of 1995. The UN assistance mission in Rwanda (UNAMIR), a UN Chapter Six peacekeeping operation, involved personnel from more than a dozen countries. Most of the UN development and humanitarian agencies have had a large presence in Rwanda. At the height of the humanitarian emergency, more than 200 nongovernmental organizations were carrying out humanitarian operations. In addition to receiving assistance from the international community, Rwanda has also contributed to international peacekeeping missions. Currently, Rwanda Defense Forces (RDF) has four 800-strong battalions deployed in support of the UNAMID Mission in Darfur and one battalion in UNMIS (southern Sudan). As of January 2009, Rwanda was training its 18th peacekeeping battalion since 2006.
Several west European and African nations, including Belgium, Canada, China, Egypt, the United Kingdom, Libya, the Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, the Holy See, and the European Union maintain diplomatic missions in Kigali.
In 1998, Rwanda, along with Uganda, invaded the Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R.C.) to back Congolese rebels trying to overthrow then-President Laurent Kabila. Rwandan troops pulled out of the D.R.C. in October 2002, in accordance with the Lusaka cease-fire agreement. In December 2008, after months of bilateral discussions, Rwanda and the D.R.C. announced a joint military operation against a root cause of instability in the Great Lakes Region--the FDLR (Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda). As of January 2009, Rwandan forces had entered the Congo and begun joint operations with the Congolese armed forces, the FARDC, against the FDLR. The two nations' forces also cooperated in reintegrating renegade general Laurent Nkunda's CNDP rebel force into the FARDC; Nkunda was detained by Rwandan authorities.
In the fall of 2006, Rwanda broke diplomatic relations with France, following a French judge's indictment of senior Rwandan officials on charges of having participated in the shooting down of the presidential jet in 1994. Rwanda rejects these charges. Following her November 2008 arrest in Germany and transfer to France, Chief of Presidential Protocol Rose Kabuye, one of those so charged, began her defense in a Paris court in January 2009. Rwanda, along with Burundi, joined the East African Community in 2007.
U.S. Government interests have shifted significantly since the 1994 genocide from a strictly humanitarian concern focusing on stability and security to a strong partnership with the Government of Rwanda focusing on sustainable development. The largest U.S. Government programs are the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and the President's Malaria Initiative, which aim to reduce the impact of these debilitating diseases in Rwanda. Other activities promote rural economic growth and support good governance and decentralization. Overall U.S. foreign assistance to Rwanda has increased four-fold over the past four years.
A major focus of bilateral relations is the U.S. Agency for International Development's (USAID) program. In support of the overall Government of Rwanda development plan, USAID aims to improve the health and livelihoods of Rwandans and increase economic and political development. To achieve this, USAID activities focus on:
In September 2008, Rwanda signed a Threshold Country Plan (TCP) agreement with the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC). The TCP is implemented by USAID and focuses on strengthening the justice sector and the press, promoting civic participation, and political rights and civil liberties.
The State Department's Public Affairs section maintains a cultural center in Kigali, which offers public access to English-language publications and information on the United States.
American business interests have been small; currently, private U.S. investment is limited to the tea industry, franchising (FedEx, Coca-Cola, Western Union, and Moneygram) and small holdings in service and manufacturing concerns. Annual U.S. exports to Rwanda, under $10 million annually from 1990-93, exceeded $40 million in 1994 and 1995. Although exports decreased in the years immediately after the genocide, in 2007 they were estimated at approximately $17 million, a 20% increase over 2006.
Principal U.S. Officials
Ambassador--W. Stuart Symington
Deputy Chief of Mission--Cheryl Sim
USAID Mission Director--Dennis Weller
The U.S. Embassy is located on 2657 Avenue de la Gendarmerie, Kigali (tel. 250-596-400, fax 250-596-591).


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Topic: I Really Need Some Help Here/This is my first VPS and I am stuck
I have been trying to install iRedMail 0.7.0 I have very little vps knowledge but really need some help
I can get down to where I try to get bash.iRedMail.sh...It tells me there are no files or directories
How do I fix this so I can finishing installing?
Please Help0
- Urgent issue? Pay iRedMail developer to solve it remotely at $39.

subset: commoncrawl


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i just found out about zimbra a week ago. i am now trying to download the zimbra desktop trial version. i tried installing zimbra desktop using this file "zdesktop_windows_0_36.exe". but it is not working. the wizard does not open. so i transferred to another computer. and i tried it again, but this time there is a "java.io.FileNotFoundException" error message. i hope someone could help me.
i would greatly appreciate your help.
thanks a lot.


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Meal Type
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4 servings
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Prepared with a reduced amount of extra-lean ground beef, KRAFT 2% Milk Shredded Sharp Cheddar Cheese and KRAFT Lite Ranch Dressing, this tasty recipe saves 140 calories and 18 grams of fat per serving when compared to that of the full-fat version of this classic Kraft recipe.
Enjoy this meal as part of a healthful eating plan. Each serving provides more than 1/2 cup of the recommended 2-1/2 cups of vegetables per day.
* Nutrition information is estimated based on the ingredients and cooking instructions as described in each recipe and is intended to be used for informational purposes only. Please note that nutrition details may vary based on methods of preparation, origin and freshness of ingredients used.
The first time I made this recipe, I actually made it for a taco night dinner at my church's weekly home fellowship dinner. Anyway, one of the people in the group is a vegetarian, so I made the taco salad filling with vegetarian burger crumbles. Plus, we just stuffed it into taco shells and it went over well.
Tonight for dinner, I made it as a salad. Because I had a bag of Doritos, I did not make the tortilla bowls. But it still was great! This will be my new go-to for homemade taco salad!


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I have deployed webex zimlet in Zimbra NE, but when I try to create a meeting I only can use the phone, I can't use speakers or microphone and the options are disabled in the meeting interface. I attach two screen captures with the problem. If I create a one click meeting using the webex interface I have no problems.
Can anyone say if the speaker and microphone works in her deployment?
zmcontrol -v
Release 6.0.9_GA_2686.UBUNTU10_64 UBUNTU10_64 NETWORK edition.
Please help me.


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|Office of Community
Oriented Policing Services
U.S. Department of Justice
Grantees are sometimes audited to determine whether they have complied with the programmatic, financial, and reporting requirements associated with COPS awards.
DOJ Office of the Inspector General (OIG) conducts independent and objective audits. The intent of these audits is to prevent and detect waste, fraud and abuse, as well as to keep the agency head and Congress fully and currently informed of their findings. The COPS Office serves as the liaison between grantees and auditors in the conduct and resolution of OIG audits.


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Fourteen of the 15 fighters who underwent drug testing at January's UFC 125 event tested clean for performance-enhancing drugs and recreational/drugs of abuse.
However, one unnamed contestant's sample has yet to be cleared.
Nevada State Athletic Commission Executive Director Keith Kizer today e-mailed the drug-testing results to MMAjunkie.com (www.mmajunkie.com), and he noted that the commission is "still processing another athlete's urine sample from that event."
UFC 125 took place Jan. 1 at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas. UFC lightweight champ Frankie Edgar battled back from near-certain to defeat to earn a draw with Gray Maynard in the main event.
The NSAC tested both Edgar and Maynard, as well as Chris Leben, Brian Stann, Brandon Vera, Phil Baroni, Brad Tavares, Jeremy Stephens, Dustin Poirier, Diego Nunes, Daniel Roberts, Jacon Volkmann, Dong Hyun Kim and Clay Guida. Those test results were all declared negative.
As MMAjunkie.com reported earlier today, Kizer confirmed that main-card winner Thiago Silva also submitted a pre-fight drug screen at UFC 125, which indicates the outstanding drug test likely belongs to the Brazilian slugger. However, Kizer was unable to confirm that Silva's specimen was the sample that was "still processing," or what that status might indicate.
Silva had been expected to face Quinton "Rampage" Jackson at May's UFC 130 event, though the Brazilian's status was recently brought into question when reports surfaced that the UFC was seeking a replacement opponent for Jackson. Silva has insisted he is uninjured and ready to compete in the event, leaving some confusion as to the reason for his potential withdrawal.
All athletes were tested for drugs of abuse (such as marijuana and cocaine), as well as anabolic steroids and other performance-enhancers.
The NSAC traditionally tests both main-card fighters, all winning fighters and any competitors who previously failed drug tests. However, some of the testing remains random, and all fighters are subject to it.
For complete coverage of UFC 125, check out the UFC Events section of MMAjunkie.com.


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Mary Poppins
|Release Date: August 27, 1964
|Running Time: 140 mins.
|Genre: Adaptation, Musical
Julie Andrews
Dick Van Dyke
Glynis Johns
Hermione Baddeley
All Cast & Crew >>
Summary:The world's greatest nanny turns a family upside-down. The Banks' children have chased off every nanny in London, and it's up to the magical Mary Poppins to set them right.


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- Udv
- Udv Action
- Udv Best Of
- Udv Black
- Udv Blue
- Udv Extreme
- Udv Flash
- Udv Gold
- Udv Intense
- Udv Night
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- Udv Sport
- Udv Vip
- Ulric De Varens
- Ulrich Lang New York
- Ultrared
- Ultraviolet
- Ultraviolet Fluoressence
- Ulysse
- Umbro
- Umbro 90 Red
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About Disney
History and background of Disney. During a 43-year Hollywood career that spanned the development of the motion picture medium as a modern American art, Walter Elias Disney, a modern Aesop, established himself and his product as a genuine part of Americana. David Low, the late British political cartoonist, called Disney "the most significant figure in graphic arts since Leonardo." Read more about Disney
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text:
La Quinta, CA (Sports Network) - Brian Gay birdied the second playoff hole
on Sunday to defeat Charles Howell III and win the Humana Challenge.
Gay earned his fourth career PGA Tour victory and first since capturing the
St. Jude Classic in 2009.
Scott Stallings entered Sunday with a five-stroke lead, but he made a
series of costly missteps during the final round. After playing bogey-free
over the first three days of the tournament, the 27-year-old dropped a shot on
three separate holes Sunday.
He missed a 2-foot par putt on No. 7, then bogeyed again on the 16th to fall
into a tie with Gay, Howell and rookie David Lingmerth at minus-25.
Still, Stallings appeared to be in control after finding the fairway off the
tee on the par-5 18th. Needing a birdie to win, he sent his approach into
the water left of the green and eventually stumbled to a bogey, which sent
Gay, Howell and Lingmerth to a playoff at 25-under 263.
Lingmerth was eliminated after he bogeyed the first extra hole, while Gay and
Howell parred to advance.
Playing the par-4 10th, Howell found the rough off the tee and sent his second
shot into a greenside bunker. Gay, meanwhile, placed his first squarely in the
fairway and dropped his approach within 10 feet. When Howell failed to get up-
and-down, Gay had two shots to win it, although he only needed one; sinking
the short birdie putt to finish in first.
More to follow.
The Sports Network


text:
Trent Franks Issues Statement Supportive of Pamela Gorman
"I have known Pamela Gorman and her family for years and have long admired her work in the Arizona Legislature. Pamela is the type of leader that understands that we don't only need to fight the liberal Democrats in Congress, but we need to make sure that our own Republican Party remains anchored by conservative values, as well. Senator Gorman shares my Christian faith and commitment to protecting innocent life, and reducing the size of government."Read More »


text:
Recycling shoes=$$$!
Shoe recycling for reuse is a no-cost, feel-good way for your organization or school to make money. ShoeBox Recycling will pay 50¢ per pound for paired, secondhand shoes.
How it works
ShoeBox gives you boxes. Fill 'em up and make 'em heavy, as in 40 pounds heavy! ShoeBox gives you a label, pays for UPS shipping, and sends you checks cut monthly based on the pounds of shoes collected. ShoeBox reports Waxhaw Elementary in Waxhaw and S. Ray Lowder Elementary PTA in Lincolnton are among N.C. groups participating.
Find your Solemate
Recyclers can put a note in their shoes and trace the path the shoes take to meet their new feet. Shoes are shipped for reuse around the globe.
Getting started


text:
Amputee and his wife inspire the world
Photo of Marine vet and helpmate evokes tragedy of war, and power of love
The photo captivated people around the world. A handsome young man missing both legs is carried piggyback by his gorgeous bride.
The romance between Staff Sgt. Jesse Cottle, now 28, and Kelly Forrester, 24, bloomed after the Marine veteran was wounded in 2009 in Afghanistan by a roadside bomb.
As they posed together standing in an Idaho river, the smiling San Diego newlyweds evoke the tragedy of war, as well as the power of faith, perseverance and love.
Their photo went viral after it was posted on Facebook. News of it spread to Australia, the United Kingdom and Korea. The Cottles were surprised by the interest, but saw an opportunity. They appeared on "Good Morning America," "Fox and Friends," and virtually any media outlet that asked, hoping to inspire people to overcome challenges of all kinds.
"It was really weird, especially at first," Kelly said. "It was such a genuine moment for us. And the fact that it's not a big deal for us is such a blessing, because we do have that and we do have each other. We hope that for everyone."
Jesse's mother, Peggy Cottle, of Scottsdale, Ariz., said "It is just so cool how Kelly steps in, in such a godly woman sort of fashion, in that she is her husband's helper and that he allows her to help him, which really shows such good balance between them."
It hadn't always seemed so natural among the Cottles for a woman to carry her husband.
The first time his mother saw Kelly tote Jesse into the surf on a beach outing, "It really tore me up. I was so sad about it. It was, 'oh this is the reality of it.' At first it would bite really hard. But it bites a lot less now."
Cottle deployed three times from Marine Corps Air Station Miramar to Iraq as a radio operator. Then he transferred into the explosive ordnance disposal field for a more direct role in the war.
"It's more dangerous. But IEDs (improvised explosive devices) are the hugest killer out there," he said.
On July 19, 2009, Jesse's longtime friend and fellow team member, Staff Sgt. Patrick Hilty, was preparing to disable a possible IED in the bomb-cratered corridors of Now Zad, Afghanistan.
Jesse walked by, heading down the alley toward another possible bomb.
Instead he triggered one underfoot, a low metal version that the minesweeper couldn't detect.
The sound of his footsteps, the jangle of his equipment, the crackle of the radio, it all went mute. Jesse was blasted into the air, so high he remembers looking down over the high mud walls.
He landed in a crater with his mouth stuffed with dirt, rocks, splinters and blood. Cottle struggled to see through the dust cloud whether he had legs. "If I'm lucky I'm only missing one," he thought.
Both legs were gone. Time slowed. He felt he was in a dream, but Cottle struggled for his tourniquet. The other troops quickly took over.
The risk of death or dismemberment is high for EOD technicians. Hilty and Cottle had discussed it late one night a few days before the explosion.
Hilty thought he would have a harder time accepting life as a double amputee. Cottle said, "I'll just have to deal with it. I'll go with it and make the best of it," Hilty recalled.
True to his word, "he was laughing and joking within hours of him getting hit and losing his legs," Hilty said. "That is pretty awesome."
Cottle spent almost a year in rehabilitation, learning to walk on prosthetic legs at Naval Medical Center San Diego, the hospital in Balboa Park that specializes in amputee care.


text:
LAUREL, Md. (WUSA9) -- Anne Arundel County police say a couple found a human skull while they were bird watching and hiking in Laurel, Md. on Sunday. The couple called police who responded to the scene in the area of Spring Road and Whiskey Bottom Road at approximately noon.
Police say the remains were recovered and transported to the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in Baltimore. Police say the the examiner confirmed the remains are human.
The cause and manner of death is undetermined, say police.
Police are asking anyone with information to call Detective Jack Hartzell of the Criminal Investigation Division at 410-222-3460.
You can also call the Metro Crime Stoppers Hotline at 1-866-7LOCKUP or text "MCS" plus your message to CRIMES (274637). You may also be eligible for a cash reward of up to $2,000!


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PPP corectly predicted forty nine out of fifty states in the last election, FYI! Those numbers were better than any of the right leaning polls, which were so far off, it took Karl Rover, the punk, over an hour before he could bring himself around to the truth, that he lost!
Republicans have lost the majority vote in five of the last six elections.
Those who voted against the resolution for expanded background checks, and removing the gun show loophole, are voting against ehe wishes of the vast majority of American citizens.
They will not get away with it because Republicans have voted against everything the majority of Americans want..
2014 can't come too sonn for me!
Oh,ask him if he knows about the Stolen Valor Act.It is terrible the way he treats people.
Every time something goes wrong in his life he blames Larry a fictional character he has made up.
Hondo why did you lie?The truth will set you free.
Hondo>03-09-11.Thread 600 "Tangled with charley"
Don't know Mr.Slim.Pastor seems to think that the boy was running so fast away from him that he ran out of his shoes.Oh my!
I have asked Hondo many times about the incident but he refuses to answer.He posted about his affair with his house maid.I just don't know about him.
The prayers continue for him.
Hondo>03-09-11.Thread 600 "Tangled with charley"
Slim aint the most rightseous guy around and he sharks a little pool on the road cause these republicins has peoples checks so low thay caint hardly live but he aint never been in the pententiary.
Hondo>03-09-11.Thread 600 "Tangled with charley"


text:
Royals Blood Drive: Splittorff to stop by on Wednesday
Because of today's doubleheader, John Buck was unable to make an appearance at the 17th Annual Royals Blood Drive. The club has added an appearance by Royals Hall of Fame pitcher Paul Splittorff on Wednesday. Here's the lineup for Wednesday at the 4040 Main location in Kansas City, Mo.
Royals Hall of Famer Jeff Montgomery – 11:00 a.m. to noon
Former Royals pitcher Jaime Bluma – 1:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m.
Royals Hall of Famer Paul Splittorff – 2:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m.


text:
From cppreference.com
< cpp | thread | condition variable any
void notify_all();
|(since C++11)
Unblocks all threads currently waiting for *this.
[edit] Parameters
[edit] Return value
[edit] Exceptions
noexcept specification:
[edit] Notes
The effects of
notify_all() and
wait_until() take place in a single total order, so it's impossible for
notify_one() to, for example, be delayed and unblock a thread that started waiting just after the call to
notify_one() was made.
The notifying thread does not need to hold the lock on the same mutex as the one held by the waiting thread(s); in fact doing so is a pessimization, since the notified thread would immediately block again, waiting for the notifying thread to release the lock.
[edit] Example
Run this code
#include <iostream> #include <condition_variable> #include <thread> #include <chrono> std::condition_variable_any cv; std::mutex cv_m; // This mutex is used for three purposes: // 1) to synchronize accesses to i // 2) to synchronize accesses to std::cerr // 3) for the condition variable cv int i = 0; void waits() { std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m); std::cerr << "Waiting... \n"; cv.wait(lk, []{return i == 1;}); std::cerr << "...finished waiting. i == 1\n"; } void signals() { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m); std::cerr << "Notifying...\n"; } cv.notify_all(); std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m); i = 1; std::cerr << "Notifying again...\n"; } cv.notify_all(); } int main() { std::thread t1(waits), t2(waits), t3(waits), t4(signals); t1.join(); t2.join(); t3.join(); t4.join(); }
Possible output:
Waiting... Waiting... Waiting... Notifying... Notifying again... ...finished waiting. i == 1 ...finished waiting. i == 1 ...finished waiting. i == 1
[edit] See also
| notifies one waiting thread
(public member function)


text:
Give the Gift of Life During Our Mother's Day Blood Drive Saturday
This weekend is Mother's Day, and what better way to honor the most important woman in your life than by saving someone else's by donating blood at our Mother's Day Blood Drive?
The South Texas Blood & Tissue Center will be set up at HEB on Rio Grande Saturday from 1-4pm, and donating blood won't take very long at all. Plus, you could win some great prizes!


text: I am planning a Mule Deer/Antelope combo next year. I have been looking at Unit 120 or 118. I understand that unit 120 has some access issues and that most of the deer are on private land, but is there enough public to have a good hunt? How does the trophy quality compare between the 2 units?


text:
persoanlly, i don't think you should judge someone for what they have, but how they act. I have came accross rich slobs and poor slobs. Also have been around good hunters that where both rich and poor. Judge one by the actions, not the clothes.
I honestly think the difference it makes is small as far as animals being harvested. The saying 10% of the hunters harvest 90% of the elk will always hold true with most every species. Id say most of those 10% arent decked out in sitka gear, wearing swaros around there neck, and shooting a custom rifle. They're just good hunters.
persoanlly, i don't think you should judge someone for what they have, but how they act. I have came accross rich slobs and poor slobs. Also have been around good hunters that where both rich and poor. Judge one by the actions, not the clothes.
I dont think that having the most expensive things makes you a better hunter or anything like that. I do think that having some of the new technology is good though. I know a lot of people that don't carry a gps or anything with them. Personally, I have 2 gorgeous kids that I love coming home to everynight and I will spend as much money as needed to have some of the top of the line technology. When I go out, I make sure I always have my gps, spot, iPhone and solar panel. Having those things isn't taking the hunt out of hunting. It doesn't tell me where the elk are bedded or eating. I think that with bows and guns, it doesn't matter the age. I buy expensive gear such as kenetrek boots, under armour gear and such because even though it cost a little more, I know it is going to stand up to the elements and it's going to last a long time. New technology doesn't make you a better hunter but it's designed to help you on your hunts but some of it does have upgrades and updates from stuff ten years ago that are very handy to have. I don't see any problem with using technology hunting and I don't think it makes me any less of a hunter. I just like to feel comfortable and have a sense of safety.
I like top notch gear. I like clothes that are wind proof, light weight, and water proof. I like binos and scopes that don't fog. I like a bow that shoots flat, tight and smooth. I like to not get lost. And, I like boots that only hurt my feet a little. If I have to pay a little more for said gear, then it's worth it.
But, I'll never dog a guy for not having top of the line gear, and I'll never attribute my success as a hunter to my gear, cause I know how hard I've really worked to learn the things that have made me the hunter that I am.
The technology that helps me the most is Google Earth. I can study new areas before I hunt them and learn the terrain, so that I like. I just got a GPS (don't know how to use it), I have a range finder (I usually forget to use it) I hunt deer with the my 40yr old rifle with a 26yr old Leupold scope, my elk rifle is 14 years old and cost $400. I bought a new bow last year for $500 and it killed my bull last year with no problem. Some new stuff does help, but I dont think you need the newest, most expensive gear to be a good hunter. In fact I think some new stuff makes for sloppy hunters. The one thing I don't understand is the $10,000 four wheeler, thats more than my truck cost! I dont own a four wheeler and don't plan on it either. I typiacly hunt where they wouldn't do any good anyways. I would rather save my money for fuel to go hunting/scouting than to spend it on expensive gear. One thing I've always loved about hunting is that it doesnt have to cost much money to be successful.
Ok, I spent a lot on my version of a 4wheeler, but I use it for more than hunting.
I like that four wheeler! I have a couple of Jeeps too, don't use them much for hunting anymore though.
That is a sweet lookin rig Old Hunter!


text:
WholeFoodsMagazine.com provides insight on new products for every need when it comes to natural health supplements. The new products section focuses on herbal dietary supplements that are the latest trends when considering alternative use of herbs. It is our responsibility to give the most up to date information.
Many of the products mentioned are due to the fact that the choices in the market are shifting to developments within the industry. This might include vegan specifications, gluten-free products and herbal dietary supplements. The extensive list of new products from WholeFoodsMagazine.com also gives detailed manufacturer descriptions of the products to familiarize retailers with the latest supplements.
When looking for sources of assorted natural health products, consider WholeFoodsMagazine.com your foundation for all of your retail supplier needs. The experience we have in the industry gives us a distinctive edge when it comes to informing and educating retailers. Take a look at our natural health supplements, new product page today!


text:
San Diego's drone industry doubles in size
The size of San Diego County's unmanned aerial vehicle industry doubled over the past five years and could double again as UAVs are increasingly used for everything from spying on suspected terrorists abroad to monitoring the U.S.-Mexico border, says a National University System report released Wednesday.
The industry, which is centered in North County, generated at least $1.3 billion locally in 2011 and directly and indirectly supported 7,135 jobs. The report says the true impact could be far higher due to classified programs that are not included in public records.
Most of the business can be tied to two defense giants — Northrop Grumman of Rancho Bernardo, which specializes in Global Hawk UAVs, and General Atomics Aeronautical Systems of Poway, which is best-known for Predators.
Both companies develop a variety of the so-called drones, primarily for use outside the U.S. by the military and government. The UAVs were extensively used in the Iraq war, and are being used in the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan. But the UAVs may soon also be used domestically by law enforcement and other agencies, a move that is opposed by many privacy advocates.
Analysts say the global market for such aircraft could exceed $12 billion by 2019.
"This is a dynamic, growing industry, and San Diego has a big opportunity to take advantage of the expected growth," said Kelly Cunningham, an economist at National's Institute for Policy Research and lead author of the report.
The study was commissioned by the San Diego North Chamber of Commerce.
"We wanted to highlight the importance of the UAV sector, and to show the impact it has on the northern part of the county," said Debra Rosen, president of the chamber, which has about 800 members, including Northrop Grumman.
"Small businesses here would really be affected if we lost any of this industry."
San Diego County is the national center of the UAV industry. But such states as Oklahoma and South Dakota are trying to devise ways to lure a piece of the business. As the report states, "Several are making coordinated efforts to win designation from the (Federal Aviation Administration) as UAV test beds in the hopes that this will lead to increased R&D and manufacturing."
The report is meant to highlight that risk.
Cunningham sees it clearly and notes that San Diego has at least two competitive advantages: An educated workforce and the county's desirable weather. Local contractors also have long, successful ties to the military, a primary user of drones.
These factors and others have helped San Diego County rebound from the deep slump that hit the aerospace industry after the end of the Cold War. The report notes that local aerospace contracts rose from $56 million in 2001 to $2.9 billion in 2011. The growth has made UAVs the largest single category in the county's defense contractor sector.
The Pentagon is investing heavily in UAVs at a time when other areas of the defense budget are being cut. Analysts say that is likely to continue. The two presidential candidates — Barack Obama and Mitt Romney — expressed strong support for drones during a debate this month.
Drones have proved to be useful platforms, and they are less expensive than many military weapons and surveillance systems. And UAVs do not carry crews that could be killed.
Drones have become a standard tool in surveillance, reconnaissance and intelligence gathering partly because of contributions by San Diego State University and the University of California San Diego.
Northrop Grumman donated a section of a Global Hawk wing to SDSU in recognition of work the school's alumni, professors and students did on a variety of UAV projects. The connection is so tight that Northrop Grumman currently employs more than 400 SDSU graduates.


text:
Policies & Procedures
- Contents
Wis. Stats 16.003(1), 16535(5) and (6) and 20.916(4) and (7), (9)(e
Revised November 2004For further clarification of nomenclature, please see the Definition of Terms
Policy - General
Who Can Use a State Vehicle
State officers and employees with a valid driver's license and two years licensed driving experience may drive state vehicles. All drivers will be required to sign a Vehicle Use Agreement. A copy of this form can be found at the Fleet Vehicle office or online.
The University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh maintains a fleet of vehicles (sedans, minivans, vans) for use in traveling on official university business. These vehicles are available for use on a mileage fee basis by individuals designated in writing by the University as agents of the state.
The following regulations apply:
University vehicles may be used only for university business. All passengers must be designated and approved as "agents" involved in university-related business or functions. The transportation of other personnel, such as, friends or family members for purposes not related to State business is prohibited. The rationale of "convenience" is not a valid reason for dropping off friends, spouses, children, etc. enroute to the approved destination.
Each request for use of a fleet vehicle must be in writing, authorized by the unit's budget control officer. The authorizing officer thereby assumes full responsibility for the "official status" of the trip.
Each driver must have a valid Wisconsin driver's license. Reasonable exceptions are made for new hires, visiting faculty, new students. The exceptions must have a valid driver's license from another state and will have to sign a notarized statement of their driving record. Reminder: a Wisconsin driver's license is required upon becoming a Wisconsin resident - please inform the Fleet Office of your new license number.
Unless approved by Risk Management at UW System, the following driving record will constitute criteria for denial of use of a university vehicle:
- Three or more moving violations including two "at fault" accidents within the last 2 year period.
- Violation within the past 12 months for drunken driving, reckless driving, or driving under influence of drugs.
- Possessing only a temporary license.
- Had license in effect less than one year after a revocation.
- Less than 2 years licensed driving experience
Policy - Students
Student Drivers
Students may be authorized to operate State vehicles as employees or as agents of the State when they are performing a direct service to the State and when such service is in the best interest of the State. An agency relationship must exist in order for the liability insurance coverage to be in force to offer protection to the operator of the State vehicle. A student may take a university vehicle out-of-state only if accompanied by a faculty or staff member.
Student drivers must file a "Student/Volunteer Driver Authorization" form signed by the Activity Advisor. Student/Volunteer clearances cover the current fiscal year only and expire on August 15.
Student Organizations
The university employee (sponsor) who requests the use of fleet vehicles by a recognized student organization must sign the request form. A university employee must accompany all out-of-state travel using university vehicles.
Policy - 14-Passenger Buses
For bus operation, additional provisions apply. Drivers must have a satisfactory driving record, must be 25 years of age, and have two years licensed driving experience. Employees will be deemed to have satisfactory driving records unless they have significant traffic violations that include, but are not necessarily limited to:
- No more than six demerit points in the past three years
- No violations in the last year of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, reckless driving speed of 20 miles over the limit, or loss of a regular license.
- Completion of the van/bus training program. (Grandfathering only applies to those employees that were grandfathered in before December 1, 1994.)
- Abstinence from the use of drugs or alcohol on the specified driving day.
- The completed authorization must be received and approved by the risk management department prior to using a vehicle.
Any other individual (student, student employee or volunteer) who may request the use of a van or bus will also have to meet all of the requirements above.
Eligibility to drive state-owned vans/buses with a capacity of 12 passengers or more requires that employes complete a driver training approved by DOA. Contact the fleet vehicle office (x3466) for more information.
Policy - Permitted and Prohibited Uses of State Vehicles
Employe's Responsibility
The primary use of a state-owned vehicle shall be for official state business or incidental use associated with official business away from the headquarters city. Incidental use includes travel to and from lodging and meals, but only when away from an employe's headquarters city.
- The use of a state vehicle by an employe who is under the influence of alcohol or drugs is strictly forbidden. Any such vehicle use will be considered a violation of work rules and may be grounds for disciplinary action up to and including discharge.
- All drivers and passengers in State vehicles are required to comply with the Wisconsin seat belt law.
- A State vehicle that will be used to transport non-state employees would be considered non-business mileage. Thus, if an employe wishes to travel with his/her family, a personal vehicle should be used. Where family members or non-state employes are involved in official state business, this provision would not preclude them from traveling in this vehicle.
- Employes are responsible for compliance with IRS requirements that relate to mileage reimbursement.
- State-owned vehicles may not be used for vacations.
- Trailer hitches and towing are not permitted.
- Hauling loads with state vehicles that could structurally damage the vehicle is prohibited. Some examples of potentially damaging loads include firewood, sod, and/or gravel.
- Modifications to state vehicles for personal reasons are not permitted. This includes affixing signs, stickers, antennas, bike racks, ski racks, etc.
- Installation and/use of any radar-detection device in state vehicles is prohibited.
- The use of state vehicles for personal gain, such as delivering goods or services is prohibited.
- Hitchhikers are not permitted in state vehicles, except in emergency situations when drivers are rendering assistance to disabled motorists.
- Jump starts are not allowed except in emergency situations and then only to start state-owned vehicles.
- Drivers are personally responsible for the cost of all traffic citations and parking tickets.
- Requesting a fleet vehicle to drive oneself to the airport to leave the vehicle parked overnight or longer is prohibited.
Policy - Procedures for Use
Procedures for Use of University Fleet Vehicles:
- Faculty/staff member must provide the Fleet Office with a completed Vehicle Use Authorization form in order that their driving record can be checked with the Motor Vehicle Department.
- A student or volunteer driver must file a Student/Volunteer Driver Authorization form with the Fleet Office. Forms are available at the Fleet Vehicle office or online.
- Anyone holding an out-of-state driver's license must complete and submit a notarized driving record statement. Forms are available at the Fleet Vehicle office or online.
All reservations must be on a "Request for Use of Fleet Vehicle" form, signed by the unit's authorizing agent. Individuals should contact the Fleet Vehicle Operation well in advance of a trip to insure vehicle availability. Vehicle reservation requests can be made no more than one year in advance of the trip date.
At time of scheduled departure, report to the Fleet Vehicle Office in the Campus Services Building, 650 Witzel Avenue, to sign out keys and pick up vehicle. NOTE: Unless prior arrangements have been made with a Fleet Vehicle Officer, keys must be signed out at the University Police Station when the scheduled departure time is outside of regular Fleet Vehicle office hours. All vehicles will remain located at the Campus Services Building.
Persons utilizing university vehicles are prohibited from transferring vehicles between themselves. If the reserved vehicle is not used, it is to be returned immediately.
Once travel is complete, return vehicle to the Campus Services Building with a full tank of gas. During Fleet Vehicle Office hours, use the campus fuel pumps located directly behind the Campus Services Building. Insert the vehicle ProKey (attached to vehicle key ring) and follow pump directions to dispense fuel. For after hours fueling, the closest gas station is located at the corner of Ohio Street and Third Avenue. Use the credit card in the key ring pouch. Each vehicle has a specific PIN# located on the instruction card on the outside flap of the key pouch. Retrieve receipt and tuck it into an inside flap of the key pouch. This latter procedure should be repeated for longer trips when driver is unable to return to the Campus Services Building for fueling.
Always return vehicle and keys to the Campus Services Building. Park vehicle in designated spot. A key drop box is located on the left side of the building where keys, a completed key sign-out sheet, and all gas receipts are to be deposited after office hours.
Policy - Rates & Charges
Click here for Fleet Vehicle Rates & Charges
Nonavailability Notice
Upon request, if a vehicle is not available, the fleet vehicle office will email a nonavailability notice which entitles the driver to the full business mileage reimbursement rate set by the Department of Administration. This email must be attached to the driver's travel expense report.
Policy - Accident
Vehicle Incident
Vehicles have a "Vehicle Incident" kit in the glove compartment which contains forms and instructions for reporting any accident. In case of an accident involving a state-owned vehicle, the driver of the vehicle must:
- Report the accident promptly to the local law enforcement agency and obtain a copy of the officer's report.
- Contact your supervisor and fleet manager as soon as practical and report the accident.
- Within 24 hours of the accident, submit a completed and signed Vehicle Accident Report to your supervisor.
In the Event of Serious Bodily Injury
During work hours, call the agency fleet manager at 920/424-3466
After hours and on weekends call University Police at 920/424-1212
Reporting Other Vehicle Problems
Please notify agency fleet manager or dispatcher as soon as practical of any problem(s) with the vehicle that you think might be a safety or liability hazard.
Coverage - General Information
The state provides accident protection for state employes acting within the scope of their employment and for all state vehicles.
Collision protection covers state vehicle collisions with other vehicles, property, or animals, and vehicle overturns.
Comprehensive protection covers other state vehicle damage including fire, water, and vandalism.
Liability protection covers negligent acts of state employes while acting within the scope of their employment (s.895.46, Wis. Stats.).
Medical and hospital expenses are paid for all state employes in work status. Worker's compensation provisions apply.
Policy - Other than Fleet Pool Vehicles
Personally-Owned Vehicles Used for State Business
Medical and hospital expenses for state employes are provided. Worker's compensation provisions apply.
No coverage is provided for vehicle repairs to an employe's vehicle. Owner is responsible for repairs. Driver should report accident to his/her insurance company.
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SANFORD, Fla. -- A judge in Florida has revoked George Zimmerman's bond in the death of Trayvon Martin.
According to the Associated Press, Zimmerman now has 48 hours to return to jail.
Zimmerman is charged with second-degree murder in Martin's February death. He was freed on bail in April.
(The Associated Press contributed to this report.)


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|School finance bill hits roadblock
|Written by K.C. Mason
A school finance bill that was rammed through the Colorado Senate at lightning speed last week has hit a roadblock in a key House committee.
"We're not going to fast track something that's so important," said Rep. Judy Solano, D-Brighton, the vice-chair of the House Education Committee. "We're going to slow down a bit and have some thoughtful conversation about it."
Senate Bill 256, touted by its sponsors as ground breaking reform with emphasis on at-risk children, was introduced on Monday, March 30, approved by two committees during the week and passed both second and third readings in the full Senate by Friday.
Sen. Roy Romer, D-Denver, argued passage of the bill as he introduced it would put Colorado in the front-runner's position to receive federal funds under President Barack Obama's school incentive program called "A Race to the Top."
District 1 Sen. Greg Brophy, R-Wray, was one of only two senators—Sen. Kevin Lundberg, R-Berthoud was the other—to vote against the bill, saying it was bad for rural school districts.
"The school finance bill was exceptionally hard on small rural schools this year," said Brophy, whose sprawling eastern plains district includes 42 school districts. "They took a year away from student averaging, from five to four, and also got into the size factor, which is critically important to the small rural school district."
Brophy said he succeeded only last year in getting the student average spread out over more years, which helps district where enrollment is dropping.
"Now they're taking it away again," he said.
But it is the complicated formula contained in SB 246 for funding children in the at-risk category that most concerns Solano and other Democrats on the House Education Committee, which has yet to schedule a hearing on the measure.
"It sort of takes away from our focus on early childhood education and changes the way we previously funded at risk kids to focus on those high poverty schools in certain pockets of the state," said Solano, a retired school teacher. "I think this at-risk money is too important statewide to have it concentrated in just the Denver area," she said.
As it currently stands, the school finance bill pumps almost $5.7 billion into public education for the 2009-10 fiscal year—a 6.39 percent increase—with almost $3.7 billion of the total coming from state funds. The rest is raised through local property taxes.
Total funding per pupil would increase from $6,621 to $6,948 for Brighton School District 27J; from $6,914 to $7,253 for Burlington School District; from $6,545 to $6,879 for Sterling (Logan Valley School District); $6,982 to $7,338 for Fort Morgan School District; from $7,224 to $7,604 for Holyoke School District; from $8,771 to $9,260 for Haxtun School District; from $6,689 to $7,022 for Julesburg School District; from $7,463 to $7,868 for West Yuma; and from $7,324 to $7,695 for East Yuma.
Brophy and Sen. Mary Hodge, D-Brighton, split their votes Monday on Romer's controversial bill to grant in-state college tuition rates to high school graduates who are in the United States illegally.
After four hours of contentious debate, five Democrats joined 13 Republicans to defeat Senate Bill 170 on a 16-18 vote.
Proponents argued passionately that most of the targeted students were brought into the country as babies or young children and had no choice about where they live or go to school.
Hodge said her vote for the bill was a vote to support education of all children.
"I don't think children should be forever penalized because of the actions of their parents," she said.
Opponents argued just as passionately that Colorado has no business rewarding or granting additional benefits to illegal immigrants, no matter how long they have resided in Colorado.
"This was really just the wrong thing to do…to reward folks for doing something illegally," said Brophy.
Brophy and Hodge will be spending most of this week trying to take the target off the back of higher education funding as lawmakers try to balance the state budget for next year. The Joint Budget Committee has said there is no way to do it without cutting another $300 million from state support of colleges and universities.
"It's really ugly," said Hodge of the state's budget dilemma, where state revenue collections have fallen more than $1.5 billion short of last year's projections. "I'm getting a lot of push back from higher ed but I don't know the alternative. We've got to balance the budget and have to find money from somewhere."
Brophy said the legislature's minority Republicans are cooking up a strategy to put pressure on Gov. Bill Ritter to save funding for higher education.
"We really need to develop a strategy to hold the governor's feet to the fire with regards to the $700 million in stimulus dollars that are coming into the state," Brophy said. "Those funds are discretionary and we need him to fill the gap for higher ed in this case."
The debate on the so-called "long bill," which details state expenditures for the fiscal year that begin July 1, likely will further delay debate and a vote on a controversial bill that Brophy is sponsoring in the Senate.
House Bill 1180, which has passed the House, would exempt anyone who already has a permit to carry a concealed weapon from having to undergo further background checks to buy a gun at a gun show.
"I have the votes to pass it and they (the Democrat leaders) don't know what to do with it," Brophy said. "They may try to hold it on the calendar until the tenth anniversary of Columbine (April 20) and try to bring it up."
"It's really not that big a deal," he said. "All this bill does is say that if you've gone to the extra work of doing the full blown, fingerprint background check to get concealed carry permit, don't have to do the Brady check."
Opponents include police chiefs and sheriffs who argue the measure goes against the intent approved by votes in the wake of Columbine that requires a background checks for all gun-show sales.


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A relaxed Rafael Nadal was spotted making his way around the Olympic Green Tennis Center on a Segway . More than 100 of the 2-wheelers have been made available for transportation around the venues to help cut down on car fumes.
Meanwhile back at the practice courts, Rafa continued sharpening his skills while working some crazy-ass outfit. Is he becoming delirious from the smog?
It all seems to fit his personality whatever the reason. Go figure.
(images via Getty + RafaelNadal.com)
Wednesday, August 6, 2008
SIGHTING: Rafa hitches a Segway ride, practice outfit gets crazy
A relaxed Rafael Nadal was spotted making his way around the Olympic Green Tennis Center on a Segway . More than 100 of the 2-wheelers have been made available for transportation around the venues to help cut down on car fumes.
Labels: 2008 Olympics, Rafael Nadal, tennis
13 comments:
- AnonymousAugust 6, 2008 at 8:14 AM
he lost his luggage that's why he's wearing these clothingReplyDelete
I know I'm delirious just looking at all that smog!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 6, 2008 at 8:48 AM
Those look like swimming trunks. Maybe he was going for a dip after practice?ReplyDelete
I experienced the smog in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia about 2 years ago for almost a week. To be honest, I don't know how the players can stand it in Beijing, if it is as bad as what I'm seeing. You *do* feel the difference in breathing from the smog.ReplyDelete
Segway Rafa is cu-ute. Great smile :)
- AnonymousAugust 6, 2008 at 10:49 AM
Buy my rafa nadal shirts.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 6, 2008 at 10:50 AM
CHECK OUT MY RAFA NADAL SHIRTS. Che Guevara design.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 6, 2008 at 12:01 PM
Yeah, Rafa's two suitcases got lost flying from Cincy via Chicago, but he explained to Spanish press it's no biggie - upon arrival he was issued official Spanish Olympic duds made by a Chinese manufacturer (red tee in these practice pics), and the colourful swimming trunks shorts and white tee with golden lettering are given to him by China Tennis branch of Nike.ReplyDelete
As for the rest, "it's hot here, so I really don't need my pyjamas".
He's clearly loving the experience at the Olympic Village, it's like summer camp or school trip for him.
is he sleeping in his birthday suit? wow, nice image...ReplyDelete
lol Rich! That was my thought exactly...ReplyDelete
i'm such a dirty birdieReplyDelete
Rich you stole my line!ReplyDelete
Mwahahaha, summer camp, that's what I was thinking, too! He seems to find those Segway thingies hilarious - what a cute smile.ReplyDelete
By the way, call me crazy, but I friggin' love the outfit! :D Those pants do look like swimming trunks though. But I like the orange stripes. It compliments his tanned skin (mmmhhhmmm).
And I just love unconventional dressing, hehe.
But now I can't think of anything else than his birthday suit.... o_O Did you HAVE to bring that up Rich? LOL
just doin' my job people!ReplyDelete


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Why does the main forum default to ascending order?
Ascending order makes it look like everything on the main forum is old. And this discourages people from participating / posting.
All the other BD board forums default to descending order, so it's strange that either by error, or design, the main board...which is for actual pool / billiards discussion on a pool billiards website... discourages participation. Can you rectify this?


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Sanitation of the facility:
A mall booth, on the other hand, can be touched by everyone who walks by, is often just a cloth stool in a highly trafficked area, and the only part of their equipment that is sterile is maybe the earring studs -- which doesn't matter if the gun and gloves aren't.
Training of the piercer:
A mall piercing employee often has one day of a seminar, or even a video, then practices a few times on a piece of cardboard with dots or a teddy bear. Sometimes pediatricians offer this procedure, but they're no more trained with a piercing gun than you are.
Quality of the equipment: Piercing guns use cheap metal that almost always contains high levels of nickel despite the fact a good 15 percent or more of the population has a nickel allergy. The studs are so thin that they have a tendency to migrate into the healing flesh, and they are not long enough to allow for normal healing in even the thinnest earlobes. How many times do you hear "The skin will close over the back of the earring if you don't twist it!" This isn't because of twisting (which is not advisable nor healthy!) but because of improper jewelry to begin with. The butterfly back earrings also have so many grooves that they can trap bacteria against the new piercing wound.
The aftercare:
Piercing booths hand you a bottle of cleaning solution that is about 99.8 percent water ... and the remainder is Benzethonium Chloride, or they suggest a soap with Triclosan (like Dial) that actually damages healing tissue. Their healing care almost looks satirical to educated piercers, which includes twisting piercing daily, a move that unless the earring is totally free of "crusties" (dried healthy fluid) and totally clean, twists bacteria into and tears sensitive tissue in the newly healing piercing. BAD idea.
In honor of the recent Grammy Nominations, here's a fun little quiz, put together by Vanity Fair magazine.
Tell me.....which are band names and which are prescription drugs? Haha! It's harder than you might think!
1. Skrillex
2. Invega
3. Pristiq
4. Avicii
5. Deadmau5
6. Geodon
7. Mastodon
8. Seroquel
9. Daytrana
10. Ledisi
11. Fanapt
12. Stokley
13. Zamora
14. Vivactil
15. BuSpar
16. Tinariwen
17. Metadate ER
18. Neil Diamond
answers below.....no peeking!
I mean it....no peeking....
seriously.....no peeking.......
Grammy-nominated artist: Skrillex, Avicii, Deadmau5, Mastodon, Ledisi, Stokley, Zamora, Tinariwen, Neil Diamond
Anti-anxiety medication: Invega, Pristiq, Geodon, Seroquel, Daytrana, Fanapt, Vivactil, BuSpar, Metadate ER
Top 10 musical turn-offs:
01. Nickelback 13%
02. Justin Bieber 12%
03. Lady Gaga 9%
04. Ke$ha 5%
05. Coldplay 5%
07. Creed 4%
08. Katy Perry 4%
09. Lil Wayne 4%
10. Britney Spears 3%


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Wondering what folks recommend for the best late season boot gaiters... brand and model. I'll be hunting in potentially deep snow and cold conditions. I'd like something waterproof and also a quite. I'd like to avoid any noisy nylon type material that scratches when every stick of brush hits it.
What about a best "all-around" boot gaiter for early snows through the late season? Would recommended brand or model be different than what's best for late season?
I've looked at the OR (Outdoor Research) and Kenetrek products online but haven't seen them in person.


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Bozeman Antique Store Fire Slideshow
POSTED: 12:59 AM Dec 24 2013 UPDATED: 2:23 PM Aug 13 2013
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Everyone is safe after a fire tore through an antique store in Bozeman Monday night.
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Your help is most appreciated.
Okay, messages, contacts, calendars, pretty easy to import from Exchange and is pretty stable.
But what about importing a large file store that is on a shared company drive into Briefcase? It seems a bit mindless but for Zimbra to leave this out for such a scalable system plus the many of us that are finally dumping MS and migrating our complete operations, I would think this would have been a priority to serve the many of us that have the paid version of Zimbra.
I have been trying every which way to get this done without having to do it manually. This file store is over 200,000 files with an extensive taxonomy of (sub)folders.
First I tar-gzip (.tgz) the entire drive. Then I try to just use the import-export function from within a Zimbra account that I am using to perform all the systemwide shares called 'firstname.lastname@example.com'.
What's funny is that the import function does the job and results all the folders in the correct structure but no files whatsoever.
I could upload or use the drag-and-drop Zimlet (and companion Firefox XPI) but that would take me a week to do. So, my network guru built a python script using curl as the vehicle to pass the files to Zimbra (attached with added .txt so it doesn't run on you.) Now, it works but only to a point.
Unless you have another way of doing it.
When you import a file into Zimbra or use the drag-and-drop Zimlet and Firefox XPI, Zimbra adds a companion file with the extension *.meta that has the mime-type and other information. This is essential for a working file in the Briefcase. It also allows the correct icon to show up in front of the file for the correct application association that Firefox can recognize.
Using this python script, as I said it does work but Zimbra doesn't create those *.meta companion files on the import.
It's a fairly simple affair but we just don't know enough about the innards of Zimbra to be able to make it work.
You help is most appreciated.


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1998-99 Women's Golf Results
Sept. 8-9 Ptarmigan Ram Fall Classic Fort Collins, Colo. 11th
Sept. 14-15 Chip-N Club Invitational Lincoln, Neb. 9th
Oct. 12-13 Northwest Invitational Corvallis, Ore. 9th Day 1 | Final Recap
Oct. 24-25 Stanford Invitational Stanford, Calif. 19th Recap
Nov. 2-3 Manoa Women's Intercollegiate Manoa, Hawaii 13th Recap
Nov. 15-17 San Diego State Fall Classic San Diego, Calif. 4th Recap
Feb. 22-24 Pioneer Electric Bruin Classic Los Angeles, Calif. 12th Recap
Mar. 1-2 Bay Area Classic San Francisco, Calif. 6th Day 1 | Final Recap
Mar. 8-10 Spartan Invitational Monterey, Calif. 5th Recap
Apr. 5-6 Utah-Dixie Classic Provo, Utah 12th Recap
Apr. 10-11 Peg Bernard Collegiate Stanford, Calif. 10th Day 1 | Final Recap
Apr. 23-25 Pacific-10 Championships Stanford, Calif. 10th Final Results
May 3 Northwest Shootout Tualatin, Ore.
May 6-8 NCAA West Regional College Station, Tex.
May 19-22 NCAA Golf Championships Tulsa, Okla.


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RICHMOND, Va. (AP) – Lt. Gov. Bill Bolling has to raise millions of dollars and begin cutting what a new statewide poll shows is a huge advantage for two major party rivals if he plans to launch an independent gubernatorial bid.
With Saturday's scheduled General Assembly adjournment, Bolling would be freed of a state law that prevents him from raising money. That leaves him less than three weeks to see if he can approach a self-imposed $10 million threshold by his own March 14 decision deadline.
A Quinnipiac University poll released Wednesday shows 13 percent of 1,112 registered voters surveyed Thursday through Monday favor Bolling. In a three-way contest, Democrat Terry McAuliffe held 34 percent, putting him slightly ahead of Republican Ken Cuccinelli.
Bolling abandoned longtime plans to seek the GOP bid last fall.
Watch the video to find out more about the dead heat in the Virginia governor's race:
(Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)
Memorial Day weekend events from around the nation, and the D.C. area, captured in photos.


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Receive information about new products and educational opportunities, as well as, exclusive offers only available to subscribers!
To Order 1-888-918-2253
Log In My Account
Sit down and put all of your energy into your treatments with our adjustable-height swivel stool. Press the lever to adjust the height within the 18" to 24" range of this durable, high-density padded stool that holds up to 300 lbs. The stable, five-point base is virtually tip-free. 14" round swivel seat and 3" high density multi-layer padding.1 year warranty .
perfect seat for my office. Easy to put together, happy with the height and adjustment. So now the test of how long it will last...
I haven't been able to get it to come up as high as the middle stool in the picture, it comes up as high as the stool on the right and I may be able to get it higher but thus far I haven't. Happy with it overall, but wish it adjusted higher.
Very easy instructions to assemble...fast!
A must need for every therapist...wonderful stool to have!
©2016 Massage Warehouse - Massage Tables, a division of Scrip, Inc
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Finding the perfect LBD (Little Black Dress) can be as hard as finding the perfect pair of jeans. From the artist Anne Keenan Higgins, she has brought the Little Black Dress to our makeup bags. Featuring on the makeup bag is a stylish arrangement of dresses for all occasions. Our makeup bag is made from a silk blend material, and makes a perfect gift for all fashion lovers..
Personalization is not available on this bag. Dimensions Approximately 10" w x 7" h x 3.5" d
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Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security » Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (PM) » Bureau of Political-Military Affairs Releases » Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, Remarks » Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, Remarks (2010) » Briefing On the Release of the "To Walk the Earth in Safety" Annual Report
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Fall fashion: Grace Vandecruze-Heylinger
CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- Grace Vandecruze-Heyliger is head of her own consulting firm, Grace Global Capital LLC, and will present a Worth New York trunk show Nov. 2-8 at The Dressmaker's Closet.
What three words describe your fashion style?
Modern classic, elegant and timeless. I believe your fashion style is understanding who you are at your core and allowing that to resonate. It's reflected in how you carry yourself and is not restricted or defined by labels. This is why I love feminine clothes that fit me well and suit my lifestyle and personality.
What's your favorite fall piece?
The ladylike suit is authoritative, feminine and possibly is the most versatile piece in my wardrobe. It can be dressed with the appropriate accessories to evening functions.
Did you buy something new to update your fall wardrobe?
A beautiful red dress. I loved it because of the design and fabric, but most important the color red is a new neutral.
What are your signature accessories?
A strand of pearls. I feel comfortable wearing pearls when I'm suited or in jeans.
What piece did you splurge on?
A designer burgundy pump, which is a versatile with many colors in my wardrobe.
What item in your closet would you never part with?
White-tailored cotton shirt. It goes from season to season, jeans to black tie, and is classic and fabulous.
What would you never wear?
Flip-flops! They are uncomfortable, harmful to your feet and belong in the fashion graveyard beside the ripped jeans.
Do you buy anything in bulk?
T-shirts. T-shirts can serve as foundation pieces. They come in different colors, comfortable and can be mixed and matched with a number of different pieces.
What's your favorite color or color combination?
I love using black or white as a foundation color and combining it with a pop of color.
Do you have a favorite designer or style icon?
My favorite style icon is Coco Chanel, who stated that a girl should be two things: classy and fabulous.
What's are your priorities in picking clothes?
Fit, value and style.
What's your weekday go-to look?
Various skirt and pants suits from Worth New York.
Do you have a personal styling trick?
A great fit and a great accessory such as a scarf and a belt will do wonders to an outfit.
What's your favorite evening look?
The classic black dress. Simple but elegant and will go from season to season.


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CPR - Cell Phone RepairNorthCross
1605310951A20-14 Coupon Expires: 12/31/2013
$15 OFF Cell Phone Repair Coupon
Save $15 when you present this coupon for a $30 gift card. Use this coupon to repair your cell phone or ANY of your electronic devices. Coupon is valid for all Items and Services. Limit 2 coupons per customer, Limit 1 coupon per repair.Email Address ______________________________
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16933 Kaufinger StreetHuntersville, NC, 28078


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AAR reports gains in carload and intermodal volumes for week ending October 12
October 18, 2013
Carload and intermodal volumes were up for the week ending October 12, according to data released by the Association of American Railroads (AAR).
Carload volume—at 285,372—was up 0.1 percent annually and ahead of the week ending October 5 at 279,128 and below the week ending September 28 at 296,809.
Intermodal—at 260,839 trailers and containers—was up 4.0 percent compared to the same week a year ago and was down from the 266,580 recorded during the week of October 5 and the week ending September 28 at 269,853 and the week ending September 21 at 262,897.
Total weekly traffic for carloads and intermodal units—at 546,211—was up 1.9 percent annually.
Of the ten main commodity groups tracked by the AAR, seven saw annual increases. Petroleum and petroleum products were up 15.3 percent, and metallic ores and metals were up 12.8 percent. Coal was down 4.9 percent.
On a year-to-date basis, carloads are down 0.9 percent at 11,505,038, and intermodal is up 3.7 percent at 10,075,183 containers and trailers.
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