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One third of the food produced worldwide is wasted, costing the global economy around $750 billion a year, a new report by the UN food agency said today.
The Rome-based Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) said some 1.3 billion tonnes of food are wasted every year, with the Asia region including China seen as the worst culprit.
The food agency's director general, Jose Graziano da Silva, told a press conference that in total, "one third of the food produced today is lost or wasted... equivalent to the Gross Domestic Production (GDP) of Switzerland."
"We simply cannot allow one-third of all the food we produce to go to waste or be lost because of inappropriate practices, when 870 million people go hungry every day," he added.
Achim Steiner, head of the United Nation's Environment Programme (UNEP), described it as "a staggering phenomenon".
"This is a big wake up call. We may not even have captured many of the more indirect impacts of food waste... and the costs which will be born by our children and grandchildren," he told the joint press-conference.
"It will take less than 37 years to add another two billion people to the global population. How on earth will we feed ourselves in the future?" he asked.
Steiner said that eliminating food wastage had "enormous potential" to reduce hunger and called on citizens to take individual action to tackle the issue.
"Each one of us has a role to play. Starting with the ridiculous phenomenon in wealthy countries of not buying crooked vegetables any more," he said, adding that over-zealous observation of sell-by dates was also leading to huge quantities of food being thrown away.
High-income countries waste during the food consumption phase, while developing countries are losing food during production, the FAO said.
Each year, food that is produced but not eaten "guzzles up a volume of water equivalent to the annual flow of Russia's Volga River and is responsible for adding 3.3 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases to the planet's atmosphere," it said.
The report fingered Asia in particular, saying that over 100 kilos (221 pounds) in vegetables per capita are wasted every year on average in "Industrialised Asia", a region including China, Japan and South Korea.


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I figured I would go over something that I use that is kinda not really a tutorial but more a tip.
I keep all my drop shadows to the global and then once I get to the point where I want to modify them but I have all my Layers that had a drop shadow or bevel inside folders and this makes it annoying to quickly adjust the global light.
My solution is to place a blank layer over to top of all your Folders, and then put a drop shadow on it, using this layer to adjust my entire global light.
Hope this simple tip saves you some time and prevents accidents

subset: commoncrawl


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"It's truly unfortunate that there are many families and individuals in Utah who are unable to provide the most basic of needs for themselves and their children," said Douglas L. DeFries, Bank of Utah president. "That's why we sponsor our annual coat drive, to put warm coats on the backs and hats on the heads of the people in our communities who need them the most."
DeFries said that the bank's coat donations have been well received in the past by several Utah charities that struggle yearly to provide for Utah's needy during the winter months. Bank of Utah will donate the cold weather gear to The Erin Kimball Memorial Foundation in St. George, The Lantern House in Ogden, Cache Food Pantry in Logan, Tremonton Community Pantry, New Hope Crisis Center in Brigham City, Community Action Services and Food Bank in Orem, Crossroads Urban Center in Salt Lake City, Bountiful Community Food Pantry, and the Angel Tree and Community Clothing Closet in Price.
To donate to the "Warm Bodies, Warm Souls" coat drive, visit any of Bank of Utah's branches in Tremonton, Logan, Brigham City, Ogden, Layton, the Salt Lake area, Orem, Price and St. George. All Bank of Utah branches have decorated containers in which donations may be placed. Those who donate may also ask for a free sample of Stephen's Gourmet hot cocoa mix while supplies last. For more information and location addresses visit https://www.bankofutah.com/news/2013/warm-bodies-warm-souls.html.


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June 1, 2016
A federal auditor says FEMA should demand the return of $5.3 million of Hurricane Katrina reconstruction money from the University of Southern Mississippi.
The Department of Homeland Security's Inspector General says it reviewed $12.2 million of the $41.1 million that USM received to rebuild its Gulf Park campus in Long Beach following the 2005 hurricane.
FEMA officials must decide whether to demand the money's return or discard the finding.
Frances Lucas, USM's vice president for Gulf Park, says the university agrees that it should relinquish claim to $1.44 million it never spent. But she says $3.85 million was mostly spent properly.
She says that some spending immediately following the storm didn't follow federal guidelines on bids. But Lucas says it was impossible to take proper bids right after the storm.
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Dramatic skies stretch outward with an otherworldly glow, casting a powerful mood over the landscapes below—fields of sunflowers, snow-covered roads, a solitary lighthouse—in this free theme for Windows featuring images from German photographer Marco Müller.
A theme is a combination of desktop background pictures, window colors, and sounds. All of the images will be downloaded when you click Download theme.
This theme can only be used in Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows RT 8.1, Windows RT, and in Windows 7 Home Premium, Professional, Enterprise, or Ultimate editions.


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October 15, 2007 -
Honourable Chairman,
Distinguished members of the Commission,
I am pleased and privileged to be able to testify before you here today on U.S. and OSCE efforts in combating trafficking for labour purposes and further measures I believe the United States and the OSCE should take in order to better protect our children, women and men from trafficking and exploitation.
International Legal Instruments
Perhaps even more than trafficking into the sex industry, trafficking for forced labor is addressed within a broad framework of protections in international instruments addressing trafficking, forced labor, slavery, rights of the child and human rights.
The United Nations Palermo Protocol supplementing the UN Transnational Organized Crime Convention has provided the catalyst and guiding framework for the development of anti-trafficking legislation and supporting mechanisms by many OSCE participating States. It remains recognized by the OSCE and around the world as the central international instrument in the fight against human trafficking. The OSCE Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) and OSCE Field Missions in Eastern Europe, South Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia have worked with a number of OSCE participating States to conform their legislation to comply with the Palermo Protocol.
The Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, which will enter into force very soon, goes even further than the Palermo Protocol by formalizing ground-breaking victim protection measures, e.g. by emphasizing a human rights and victim-centered approach and imposing a minimum period for reflection and recovery periods as well as specific services for victims of trafficking.
These instruments are supplemented further by the 2003 OSCE Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking and the 2005 EU Action Plan.
I am convinced that, the combination of these instruments provides countries with a sufficient framework to address labor trafficking. Together, these instruments reflect a set of minimum international standards that countries should enact covering criminalization, prevention and assistance that apply to trafficking for forced labor as well as sex trafficking.
Given the existence of this collection of multi-lateral instruments, there should be no confusion among OSCE participating States that trafficking for forced labor has to be addressed as an issue of priority. It is evident, for example, that countries that fail to criminalize labor trafficking in their laws, something which not all countries have achieved, have failed to meet the standard set in these instruments.
While it is possible to debate whether international laws could be stronger, for example whether the reflection and recovery periods in the Council of Europe Convention are sufficient given evidence about long term mental and physical health issues suffered by the majority of trafficking victims, it should be remembered that these instruments set forth frameworks and minimum standards for countries. Each country should incorporate and adapt these minimum standards into their responses to labor trafficking and supplement these minimum standards with whatever more is needed to be effective given the country's experience and advances in our common understanding of what is required based upon rigorous research and analysis.
Our challenge is to get countries to enact at least these minimum standards reflected in these international instruments. The fact that they have not reflects the continuing challenge of the need to increase political will, not the absence of sufficient international legal instruments.
However, unfortunately, it is possible to anticipate a sizable challenge in attempting to gain political will in many countries in support of addressing trafficking for labor exploitation because of the strong link to economical issues such as regular migration, irregular migration and addressing the protection of undocumented women and children, as well as men, to diminish the factors that make people vulnerable of becoming trafficking victims. But this also is true of course regarding combating sex trafficking and issues of prevention, root causes and demand. Effective measures would require change of practices, some regulations and clearly of behavior, on behalf of new citizens in our societies and elsewhere, that is children and women and men who do not make political constituencies or political waves. Political change is always difficult to achieve, and even more so when there is no big political constituencies putting the pressure for change. Key is political will on high level, as have been the case also in the US history of anti-trafficking legislation.
Implementation by OSCE Participating States
Most, but not all, OSCE participating States have ratified the UN Palermo Protocol, and even less have implemented all its provisions. At the same time, the work continues and good progress is being made on ratification of the Council of Europe Convention.
Many OSCE Participating States have responded by enacting national legislation, national action plans, coordinating mechanisms, and national governmental coordinators. And I want to stress, that significant progress has taken place. Nevertheless, serious gaps still exist. Not all OSCE participating States have criminalized trafficking for labor exploitation. In contrast to the U.S. law's approach, a significant number of countries define trafficking only for purpose of sexual exploitation and do not yet recognize trafficking for labor exploitation or do not prioritize actions to tackle it.
Also, some countries' legislation would not seem to readily apply to cases of internal labor trafficking.
The result is that in countries that do not criminalize labor trafficking, potential front-line responders will not identify these cases properly and traffickers are unpunished. There also will not be a legal right to the possibility of assistance and protection for victims of labor trafficking. Moreover, if not defined in a country's law, there is no possibility that data will be collected regarding the phenomenon by the government and law enforcement. Without such data there is no possibility of policies being informed by analysis.
All of these considerations mean that we collectively are operating from a position that is relatively very weak in responding to trafficking for labor exploitation.
Among OSCE participating States, even where such legislation against labor trafficking has been adopted, generally these laws have not been implemented against traffickers and in support of trafficking victims. One of the challenges seems to be clarifying conceptual understanding for developing workable legal definitions in national legislations. It is necessary to ensure that national criminal legislation has definitional clarity, including the concepts of forced labour, coercion, abuse of power and abuse of position of vulnerability.
There is still a lingering confusion about distinguishing between trafficking and illegal immigration and smuggling generally among many officials. This confusion seems to increase when discussing labor trafficking as many officials appear to have trouble identifying differences between labor trafficking and migration for economic purposes that results in sub-standard working conditions.
This confusion undermines the possibility of building political will to address labor trafficking. Unless conceptual murkiness is dispelled, labor trafficking will continue to be unnecessarily caught up in countries' concerns about illegal immigration, concerns that works against achieving sound anti-trafficking policy.
To respond to this need to increase awareness about labor trafficking among the OSCE participating States, the OSCE has taken steps to begin to bring additional attention to the issues involved in responding to trafficking for forced labor. In 2005 the OSCE hosted a conference titled "Human Trafficking for Labour Exploitation/Forced and Bonded Labour: Identification – Prevention – Prosecution"; and in 2006 a second conference titled "Human Trafficking for Labour Exploitation/Forced and Bonded Labour: Prosecution of Offenders, Justice for Victims". The second conference included participation from the U.S. Departments of Justice and Labour. These conferences connected hundreds of experts form capitals with NGOs and international organizations and produced a substantive number of recommendations for further commitments for governments to consider. I will add the draft report from these conferences to my statement.
I will argue that it is now important for countries to understand that they have the means to begin to tackle labor trafficking. Even in the absence of a specific law directly addressing labor trafficking, nearly all countries can begin to address trafficking to some degree through the use of other laws. These other laws typically do not provide all of the necessary tools that a good anti-trafficking law would provide, but no country can convincingly claim that it must wait to prosecute criminals engaged in trafficking in their country until specific anti-trafficking criminal provisions are enacted.
Another challenge is the need to examine how certain provisions operate in practice when viewed through a victim-centered lens in the U.S. and OSCE participating States. One example is the issue of the length of reflection and recovery periods that has been mentioned above. The appropriate length is not an arbitrary number of months as shown in research by Cathy Zimmerman from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Another example is the common legal requirement and practice of conditioning a victim's receiving assistance on testifying at trial against the traffickers or at least assisting in the investigation. The issue is that such procedures are a form of coercion no matter how well intended. This might be problematic under any circumstance, but for government and law enforcement officials to require this of recently trafficked victims removed from a highly coercive and abusive environment should be questioned as inherently objectionable.
The challenge is to develop more sophisticated approaches that reconcile law enforcement needs with not prolonging a victim's experience with any form of coercion even if it seems necessary to support prosecutions and may seem relatively benign. In essence, this is what a victim-centered approach means and some commonly-accepted practices should be revisited for their compliance with this principle.
Efforts in the U.S and OSCE Participating States to Combat Trafficking For Labour Purposes
When looking at how political will to fight trafficking has been generated in the OSCE region over the past decade, U.S. efforts of course have been exemplary.
From an international perspective, U.S. efforts to combat trafficking reflect a broad interagency approach, involving several departments. International policy and funding are coordinated by an inter-departmental chaired by the Director of the State Departments Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons. For the oversight of domestic anti-trafficking efforts such a system, with one governmental representative serving as responsible coordinator, has not been established, even if such a model is promoted by the U.S. at the international level, for example within the OSCE framework by recommending countries to appoint national governmental coordinators and develop national action plans. It is of course possible that these increasingly common components of countries' anti-trafficking responses, are not well suited for the U.S. Nevertheless, it would over time be important to evaluate what lessons can be learned from the U.S. approach and to what extent having multiple coordinating task forces involving a range of anti-trafficking actors at federal, State and local levels of government can promote anti-trafficking objectives effectively.
The centerpiece of U.S. anti-trafficking legislation, the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, provides broad tools to address the range of different forms of trafficking both internationally and domestically. Its criminal provisions, prevention measures and assistance eligibility apply equally to labour trafficking and sex trafficking. The law provides for significant prison sentences for traffickers and the law's assistance provisions have been used to provide hundreds of victims of labour trafficking with a generous range of benefits equivalent to those available to victims of sex trafficking. Temporary residency is, however, tied to a willingness to co-operate with investigators or prosecutors. In short, the U.S. law provides officials with all basic necessary tools to address labour trafficking.
Regarding the yearly U.S. Trafficking in Persons report, including its rating of countries and threat of financial sanctions, and its effectiveness in advocating for anti-trafficking measures needed to be taken in OSCE countries, I believe it has been of importance. However, we must not underestimate that the driving force for anti-trafficking activity among OSCE participating States, such as passing legislation, has probably been a result of obligations voluntarily embraced by countries, e.g. in connection with the UN Palermo Protocol and more recently the Council of Europe Convention. For some countries, the goal of joining the EU has provided additional impetus. Nevertheless, the Report's public identification of shortcomings and challenges has certainly pushed governments toward action and nourished political awareness and debate on the national level.
While U.S. anti-trafficking actors have focused on both sex trafficking and trafficking for labour exploitation, the governments actions, when looking at the implementation of awareness programs, assistance opportunities (e.g. shelters), trainings, public statements and conferences, seems to have emphasized primarily sex trafficking.
Training projects supported by USAID and the State Department generally have focused on trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation. As one law enforcement training manual, supported by USAID funding, states, "Whilst human trafficking is a crime committed for a range of exploitative purposes, this core training material mainly focuses upon the trafficking of women and girls for the purposes of sexual exploitation. . ."
However, in recent years, U.S. efforts have started to pay more international attention to trafficking for labor exploitation. Illustrating this is the most recent TIP Report which highlights and addresses this issue in its assessments in more detail than it has in the past.
The emphasis on sex trafficking seems to have been mirrored in anti-trafficking activities of many OSCE participating States. Few projects in OSCE participating States have addressed trafficking for labor trafficking directly, especially by adult men and women. Research confirms that most assistance efforts are linked to aiding victims of sex trafficking. This research, conducted by the Nexus Institute in South Eastern Europe, indicate that available assistance is geared toward a prototypical trafficking victim – a young, poor, uneducated woman trafficked for sexual exploitation for long periods of time and exposed to extensive and myriad forms of abuse. At the same time, other forms of trafficking are being noted and other profiles of victims are being identified. But the assistance frameworks have not been set up to respond to these other victims. A very specific example is shelters. Most victims of a form of trafficking other than sex trafficking are not eligible and not suitable for accommodation at most shelters for trafficking victims and typically there are not housing alternatives available for these victims.
Thus, it is possible to observe large gaps in the availability of effective assistance for victims of labor trafficking. Looking specifically at responses directed at labor trafficking, given the lack of systematic anti-labor trafficking activities and data collection to document the phenomenon, it is therefore impossible to comment on the issue of overall effectiveness of efforts to reduce labor trafficking.
Further, on the project level, a meaningful analysis of effectiveness is hindered because programs, regardless of the nature of the trafficking project, almost never include independent components by independent expert evaluators. Consequently, it is impossible to evaluate and comment upon the issue of effectiveness in an informed and meaningful way. This points to the need for donor governments and others to integrate into their programs independent evaluations to review the impact of major anti-trafficking projects. It is very difficult to determine best practices or next steps without knowing whether what is already being done has been effective.
Internal evaluations by the project contractor itself or review by the agency sponsoring the projects are not enough. They are by definition biased and cannot provide a long term or global evaluation of best practices or lessons learned for reshaping strategies or policies. An objective independent evaluation is needed for every larger project and such evaluations need to be a fully resourced element of these projects.
Another challenge is sustainability. How can the good works of projects be continued beyond the funding cycle of a project? This is a concern regardless of whether a project is addressing sex trafficking or labor trafficking or both. Failure to adequately address the challenge of sustainability hinders the prospects for long-term success of our efforts against human trafficking. The challenge of sustainability is demonstrated, for example, where a training program was funded to develop a curriculum for police drafted by police and NGOs together that was intended to be integrated into existing curricula of the countries' police academies throughout the region. But upon completion of the curriculum, no funds were provided to permit conducting and institutionalizing the training within the police academies.
Identification of Labour Trafficking Cases
Compared to the U.S., many individual OSCE participating States have had relatively few prosecutions for trafficking for forced labor. On the other hand, neither U.S. nor other OSCE participating States have so far elevated the risk of being prosecuted for trafficking for labor exploitation to a level that is sufficiently high to serve prevention objectives as deterrence.
A concerted effort to identify labor trafficking cases will be needed but will not alone ensure success. As we know, a primary criticism that has been raised regarding U.S. efforts is that it has not led to the level of identification of cases and victims of trafficking within the United States as might have been anticipated, especially given the official figures that the government promulgates of 14,500- 17,500 new victims annually in the United States. The reasons for this discrepancy have not been clearly ascertained, however, it is probably a combination of underestimating the difficulties of identifying victims and at least some identification methods utilized that are not properly targeted and implemented.
Pro-active investigations involving countries of origin, transit and destination are needed for effective prosecutions. Trafficking for labor exploitation has not received as much attention in the context of organizing multi-country cooperative law enforcement operations among OSCE participating States. Most of the examples of successful multi-country law enforcement operations have addressed sex trafficking.
We also need to understand why so few victims are identified by our authorities and why so few come forward. But the problem is not only that law enforcement, labour inspectors and other officials have to be trained and get more resources for identification work. With victims for labour exploitation we also face the issue of lack of self-identification. It seems that desperate situations and the sense of hopelessness give few alternatives but to accept so called contracts more or less with knowledge of their exploitative character.
Related to successful law enforcement is the issue of victim safety. Research has shown that safety concerns are one of the paramount issues with victims. Multi-jurisdictional cooperation for victim protection needs to be strengthened. Victims need to be safe and feel safe to cooperate with prosecutions. It is unsatisfactory to respond as though the threat to victims and their families exists only in the country of destination. We must find ways to encourage countries to cooperate on this.
OSCE-supported research shows that OSCE participating States face challenges not only in terms of increasing effectiveness in law enforcement against labor trafficking but also in terms of conducting law enforcement utilizing a victim-centered approach. This OSCE background research found that:
o Victims are requested to become involved in criminal proceedings very early and not allowed time to reflect on the consequences of their involvement (e.g. threat to safety, possibility of re-trauma etc.).
o Victims tend to be treated as violators of immigration law rather than as victims of trafficking. They are not identified as victims by the State agency with whom they first come into contact so they are not referred for assistance or are referred to immigration services who take steps only in relation to immigration status e.g. deportation without consideration given to their exploitative situation.
o Temporary residence permits are not available or are only conditional on co-operation in legal proceedings and not on the victim's needs for protection or assistance.
o Protective measures are not available or are insufficient for victims of trafficking for labor exploitation or they are perceived not to have suffered a sufficient level of abuse and endangerment to qualify for assistance.
Further Measures That Should Be Taken in the OSCE Region
By today, most countries in our region have identified cases of labour exploitation in different sectors of their economies, not only in classical low wage work such as agriculture, domestic work and construction, but exploitation exist even in the public sector. The increased use of subcontractors is bringing more anonymous employers and employees, and less transparency to de facto working conditions. Elements that may be missing in national legislation include provisions addressing corporate accountability and contractor accountability for the complicity of subcontractors. In my opinion, it can be only rational to include the new organizing of work into normal labour regulation and legislate responsibility for labour conditions in the whole supply chain, including subcontractors.
We have to create environments which do not foster or make it easy to abuse powers against people in vulnerable situations. It means not giving up on the idea that our region is a region for respecting human rights and human dignity. It means not giving up on our social conscience and it means an openness to search for solutions on migration and border control that are not abusive to these principals. It is clear to me that irregular migration cannot be stemmed by not protecting people from traffickers or by not providing victims assistance and rehabilitation. It is also clear that by not addressing the issues that pose migrants, legal or illegal, refugees or even foreign students at risk for trafficking labour exploitation, we open the field for criminal activities of cruelty against humans beyond our imagination.
However, I want to point out that it always also is a moral issue to cut the demand for exploitation. But this ethical code of non exploitation is created only in an environment where political decision makers pave the way, and show that everything possible is being done to prevent this crime.
What specific measures could then be taken in the OSCE region to prevent labour exploitation? Where can we identify a need for new commitments?
First, we need to recognize that labour exploitation is linked to employment issues in general. The new dynamics of international production, subcontractors and more mobile labour requires adjusting of labour protection regulations to these circumstances. Special attention has to be given to improve the general working conditions in sectors where we know exploitation occurs.
Many studies show that certain policy practices, such as linking visas or work permits to a single employer, including the employer having the sole responsibility for extension and renewal and the worker not having a possibility to change employer, easily leads to a situation where the worker either stays with an abusive employer or is likely to face deportation. From the point of addressing trafficking, it cannot be unreasonable to look for new practises concerning visa, labour permits and residency regulations so as not to create situations where a migrant is so at risk and so alone with abuse.
Other labour practices which could reduce vulnerability include an obligation to provide written contracts when requested by the worker, legislation on working time protection and a right to basic health and education services regardless of immigration status.
When it comes to victim protection we have to provide him or her tools for empowerment, to get back in charge of his or her life, his or her freedom. Victims should be eligible for work permits during their rehabilitation. When exploitation has been grave, consideration should be given to issuing permanent residence and work permits to victims enabling long term integration.
For prosecutions to be successful it is necessary that law enforcement officials are trained to identify victims, and that prosecutors and also judges are trained to understand the practices of exploitation of different forms and changing patterns of trafficking in human beings and that trafficking investigations are prioritized.
For the criminal the kind of exploitation is secondary, the victim is a commodity sold for whatever purpose there is a market. Multiple exploitations are common. It is the economics of this crime that keeps traffickers going. Therefore, participating States have to put emphasis into getting the profits of trafficking and related crime support services confiscated.
From the international perspective it is evident that the level of international police and legal co-operation, and the capabilities to use mutual legal assistance tools, affect the effectiveness of law enforcement and prosecutorial responses.
And finally, addressing official corruption must go hand-in-hand with addressing trafficking.
Adequacy of Resources Dedicated to Identify and Support Victims of Trafficking for Forced Labor
In 2006, the U.S. Government obligated approximately $74 million to 154 international anti-trafficking projects in 70 countries and $28.5 million to 70 domestic anti-trafficking projects worldwide. Five percent of projects are identified by the State Department as directly labour trafficking projects. According to the State Department, the majority of projects worldwide (86%) are categorized as having components that deal both with trafficking for the purpose of forced labor and sexual exploitation.
In OSCE participating States, U.S. federal agencies have supported many projects, especially in South East Europe countries and increasingly in Eurasia. Twenty-two percent of total projects are identified by the U.S. as spent in countries of "Europe and Eurasia" in 2006. Russia and Bulgaria are among the top five countries with the most projects supported by U.S. funds.
The question of adequacy of resources spent generally has at one point been answered by the U.S. State Department in the following way: "The 2006 Trafficking in Persons Report issued by the Department of State's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons noted that there were over 1700 more TIP-related convictions around the world in 2005 than in 2004, and in 2005 41 countries enacted new or amended legislation outlawing TIP. Thousands of survivors have received services from NGOs, both in the United States and abroad."
However, this answer is of limited value in aiding our understanding of the adequacy and effectiveness of resources utilized against labor trafficking, since it is not disaggregated by form of trafficking. Also, the ultimate yardstick should be the impact in reducing labor trafficking. Since there is no evidence or signs yet of diminished labor trafficking, it is not possible to make a finding about the adequacy or effectiveness of current funding.
A second key point is that no reasonable assessment is possible of whether or not adequate funding has been dedicated to any particular anti-trafficking effort because there is so little independent evaluation about what has been done and the connection between activities funded and results. For example, the statement that "thousands of survivors have received services . . ." does not measure the quality or adequacy or appropriateness of those services received. In addition, the point made about projects that end funding streams that should be long-term commitments (e.g. not funding implementation in police academies of finalized and agreed-upon curricula) would seem to suggest that funding is either not adequate or could be better applied.
The U.S. General Accountability Office (GAO), in a recently released report, has pointed out some of these challenges and it inter alia found deficiencies in U.S. development of information needed to inform its anti-trafficking decisions, as well as identifying monitoring and evaluation of U.S. projects as critical. It has requested U.S. government agencies to strengthen its evaluation of projects and impact.
Since observation appears to lead to the conclusion that most funding is dedicated to sex trafficking, primarily for general awareness and identification (through training and awareness programs), and assistance (mostly connected with centralized shelters dedicated to sex trafficking victims and return of those individuals), then the resources dedicated to identify and support victims of trafficking for labor exploitation is inadequate.
As noted above, research has determined that trafficking identification and assistance eligibility and treatment has been designed for a prototypical trafficking victim – a young, poor, uneducated woman trafficked for sexual exploitation for long periods of time and exposed to extensive and myriad forms of abuse. Because many victims of trafficking in OSCE participating States do not fit this description, it follows that the resources being spent are not addressing a large segment of victims – men, women and children trafficked for forced labor.
A challenge will be to train and enable those who are in the best position to assist in identifying trafficking for labor exploitation to be able to do that. This includes a range of inspectors, licensing officials, immigration personnel, social service workers, child welfare workers, trade union members, and employees in fields such as construction.
The importance of these actors to understand and recognize labor trafficking is clear. For example, the inability of an adult to provide immigration or identity documents can be caused by a number of things. Have all relevant officials in a country who may ask for the individual to produce immigration or identity documents been trained to know that trafficking in persons may be one of those explanations that must also be examined? Without engaging these professionals, victims of labor trafficking will continue to be misidentified and will not receive the help they need and, depending upon a country's laws, are entitled to receive.
Most funding has gone to projects in countries that are considered origin or transit countries. So far there has not been a comprehensive strategy of investment to "link" the work of destination countries for example in the EU with origin and transit countries efforts in a more systematic way.
The U.S. has funded a number of projects to reduce vulnerability and risks of "potential victims." A recent USAID-sponsored study on the intersection between domestic violence and human trafficking found that very little useful data is collected and few concrete facts are known to inform policy-makers about the relationship of root causes and contributing factors to human trafficking. This will directly impact the effectiveness of prevention projects.
We will not be able to effective against labor trafficking unless we fully back action-based research and analysis that helps transform policy into practice regarding the specific issues presented by labor trafficking.
Finally, there is one segment of labor trafficking that deserves mention as requiring special attention in OSCE participating States. There is much work that still needs to be done regarding child trafficking, both for labor and sex trafficking. Approximately half of all human beings exploited for labour purposes are children. The awful truth is that there is a high demand for exploitation of children both for sex, labour and illegal activities also in the OSCE region, primarily of course because children are cheap and obedient.
Reports tell about a substantial amount of missing children in our region. These children having many times arrived as unaccompanied asylum seekers, are often perceived as smuggled and therefore not provided adequate protection against what we believe are their traffickers. Research shows that these children are likely to be on the way to be exploited in destination countries in domestic servitude or in the sex-trade. Experience shows that unaccompanied children usually disappear within two days after having been brought into so called protection. Recent experiences in countries, where compulsory child protection measures have been taken in order to protect unaccompanied children, have shown positive results.
We need to take a look at how to invest in responses to child trafficking in more effective ways. Children need specialized care. Children are not properly co-mingled in shelters with adult victims of sex trafficking but there are often no assistance alternatives. The risk of re-trafficking remains a dire problem. There is a need to acquire data with greater detail and disaggregated that is child-specific (i.e. not just their age) so that there is the factual basis to better understand and respond to child trafficking.
In conclusion, current efforts against trafficking for labor exploitation still seem to be in their infancy. It is apparent that all of the challenges that exist in responding effectively to sex trafficking also exist with developing responses to labor trafficking. Prevention, training, awareness, assistance, and criminal justice responses tailored to the differing requirements of labor trafficking are all needed. Unfortunately, it can be anticipated that the challenges that have been faced in creating these responses for sex trafficking may be increased in the context of labor trafficking as it may not garner committed political will without more effort and may become embroiled in confusion with issues involving economic migration in the minds of public officials. For overcoming this, political leadership and political will, to find new solutions to address vulnerabilities and decrease demand is very much needed.
Concerning the important question about the adequacy of resources dedicated to identify victims of labor trafficking compared to those of sex trafficking, I want to stress, that even if it is clear that too few resources are allocated fighting trafficking for labour purposes, I cannot advocate to solve this by any shift of resources between different forms of trafficking in persons. Better identification of victims still is the main challenge. This is true for labor trafficking but also for sex trafficking and trafficking in children. Experience shows that the more resources there are to investigate, the more you find. The correlation tells about the possibilities to do so much more.
Finally, I would like to thank you for your attention and thank the Commission for holding this important hearing.
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Greg Behrendt
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Birth Place: U.S.
Genres: Self-improvement, Dating
Gregory Paul "Greg" Behrendt (born July 21, 1963) is an American stand-up comedian and author. His working as a script consultant to the HBO sitcom ''Sex and the City'', starring Sarah Jessica Parker, paved way for co-authoring of the New York Times bestseller ''He's Just Not That into You'' (2004), later adapted into a film by the same name. Apart from that he also hosted two short-lived talk shows, ''The Greg Behrendt Show'' (2006) and ''Greg Behrendt's Wake Up Call'' (2009).
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Tuesday, March 17, 2009
FAN POST: Terry Lee makes a mission to meet Marat + Rafa - did he succeed?
After shamelessly asking DtL reader Terry Lee, who visited Indian Wells, to p-p-p-please send over some insidery anecdotes and photos from his visit I was grinning this morning when I saw his email.
Apparently, he had two goals in mind. Well, one goal and two targets: to stalk and meet Rafael Nadal + Marat Safin (join the club.) I'll let him tell you the rest!
This was my first time at Indian Wells and I was very surprised at how open and accessible the practice courts are, you can literally sit on the court that the players are hitting on. The main mission was simple find Marat, find Rafa, everything else was secondary.
Immediately I see Richard Gasquet + Gilles Simon hitting, so I take a seat. I have always had a strange fascination for Gasquet, maybe it's because of the gay rumors, or maybe it's just because I think he is cute in a strange way, he has interesting ankles..and kind of a big butt right. Plus he was hitting with Simon, and after that pic of him in the weight room was posted, I am strangely fascinated by him too.
Richard walks by and I ask him if I could get a pic with him, even though I have terrible hat head from the visor I was wearing, I should have kept it on. He agreed to the pic (top photo) and I was just about to ask him to join us for dinner tonight when some stupid fan ruined my moment.
On the next court over was a large gathering and it was Novak Djokovic, who I had a crush on but lost it after last season. He looked good though and we got super close to him, his feet are larger than I expected them to be…I have a tendency to notice people's hands and feet.
We decided to skip all of the matches until we got to see Marat + Rafa, so back to the practice courts. We noticed that there was still a large crowd of people where Roger Federer was practicing, so we kept going, only I saw Roger walking across the lawn…so who was everyone watching? It was Marat! Immediately we make our way over to the court and as the people ran over to cut off Roger's path, I had direct access to watch Marat practice. I was standing 8 feet away from my hero and he was hitting with Oscar Hernandez. It was great - he was entertaining us with awesome shots and the power he uses is amazing. He would talk to himself in Russian and to Oscar in Spanish. I was totally star struck.
After the practice session was over he walked right by me and signed my program and I smacked him on the back, he was soaking wet from sweat, and told him he was best. It was all I could manage to say and hitting him was much like smacking a horse; the guy is huge, much larger than I expected and hard as concrete. Then out of nowhere these two guys run up and say they were his biggest fans and wanted to take a picture with him and he agreed. I was like, "Hold on…I am your biggest fan and if you are going to be giving out man on man pics, I am going to get on too." But I was still frozen and he left.
After an hour or so, I was standing at the fence next to the players lounge, hoping to see Marat again and staring off reliving my earlier encounter with him when I notice that Rafa was walking right towards me! He had a hat on so I didn't notice him at first; just as he approached a mob of fans pushed me directly into him. He was so nice, he smiled and made sure I didn't fall and started signing autographs. I finally thought to myself, "Self, take out the camera and get a pic stupid." Rafa was so nice, one kid took off his own shirt and asked Rafa to sign it and he did…what a nice guy.
We followed him down to the practice court and watched him hit for a while; he has such natural talent and the way he hits a tennis ball is like nothing I have ever seen before. After he finished up, he stopped to sign more autographs. It was then time for us to go because we didn't have tickets for the night session plus we accomplished both missions for day one.
The mission for day two: get a pic with Marat!
(images courtesy of Terry Lee)
Labels: fan post, Indian Wells, tennis
13 comments:
Hopefully my commentary will be seen as humorous and not making fun of anyone :)ReplyDelete
Terry Lee don't worry your commentary was quite funny and entertaining. I would kill to be you. In the first picture, you were standing next to my future husband #1, Richard Gasquet.ReplyDelete
I've met Marat, and he signed a t-shirt. I've not been so fortunate as to smile while standing beside him and a camera. :(ReplyDelete
I'm still jealous. lol
Mission Accomplished!ReplyDelete
Must have been a fun day. I would love to go to a tennis tourney one day. I live in London, have wanted to go to Wimby for ages however, I really hate the queues and the "lottery" system is frustrating.
Good luck with the Marat pic. :)
- coughingcatMarch 17, 2009 at 5:39 PM
over my dead, decomposed body, Sara.ReplyDelete
Don't worry coughingcat, you can have him once our marriage meets its tear-filled end.ReplyDelete
- Tennis ObserverMarch 18, 2009 at 12:17 AM
Unfortunately Marat lost to Mr. Boredom Isner, so he will leave IW soon.ReplyDelete
Great post Terry Lee! Thanks for sharing! :)ReplyDelete
I also wish you a lot of success for your next mission, hehe.
i've met marat at a few tournaments and he's pretty nice about taking pictures... always ecstatic to take pictures with girls (you should the grin on his face) and with guys he's good for a picture if you ask nicely. a guy tried to jump in for a picture after i took one with him at queen's club and let's just say marat didn't look too happy... good luck!!ReplyDelete
p.s. sounds like you're having an amazing time!!ReplyDelete
Thanks for the great comments; I am finally happy to be a part of the "I met Marat" club and I did have a great time, I would definitely recommend going to Indian Wells if you have the chance, they make the players so accessible. As for Gasquet...I had several other encounters with him and I am sure he was beginning to think I was stalking him, but he was always practicing when there was no one else I wanted to watch, so I would sit and watch him and would keep looking over as if to say..."you again" hehehehehReplyDelete
i went to 5 tournaments last summer, just when gasquet had begun being coached by guillaume peyre. i'm pretty sure not only richard, but guillaume were thinking "who is this girl?! she's EVERYWHERE in europe and north america". he's a cutie though, so shy!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 18, 2009 at 12:45 PM
Terry Lee - LOL! Were you able to go to sleep last night after your encounters? I'd so love to be in your shoes.ReplyDelete


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I'm running 8.0.3 NE. When I go to the Tool and Migration->Backups page, I get the following error:
and no backups are shown.Code:Server error encountered Message: unknown document: BackupQueryRequest Error code: service.UNKNOWN_DOCUMENT Method: [unknown] Details:soap:Sender
At the command prompt:
Yesterday's backup show okay.Code:zimbra@mail:~$ zmbackupquery Label: full-20130724.223002.883 Created: Wed, 2013/07/24 17:30:02.883 CDT Label: incr-20130720.223009.535 Created: Sat, 2013/07/20 17:30:09.535 CDT Label: incr-20130722.223007.463 Created: Mon, 2013/07/22 17:30:07.463 CDT Label: full-20130719.223008.375 Created: Fri, 2013/07/19 17:30:08.375 CDT Label: full-20130720.142144.356 Created: Sat, 2013/07/20 09:21:44.356 CDT Label: incr-20130721.223008.235 Created: Sun, 2013/07/21 17:30:08.235 CDT
I also stopped receiving the backup success/failure emails yesterday.
Now to tell you what I did...
I had a failing disk, so I moved the data to a new disk with the following command:
I then changed fstab to mount /opt1 as /opt and reboot. Zimbra came up and ran fine. Then I ran:Code:rsync -avHS --exclude backup /opt/ /opt1/
to get the backups overCode:rsync -avHS /opt1/zimbra/backup/ /opt/zimbra/backup/
Any idea as to what's going on here?


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Hello Ladies,
Just needed a little bit of support and encouragment I guess. I am currently 23 weeks pregnant with my 3rd child, however it's almost like my first all over again because this is my first time having a natural childbirth. My first son was induced and I had an epidural with my second son. On a side note I actually didn't know I was in labor with my second son. Since my first labor was induced I didn't know what it felt like to labor naturally. The night before he was born I started to have what I thought was an upset stomach, lol! I went to sleep that night, woke up the next morning with my "stomach ache" not knowing what was going on until I went to the bathroom and saw a toilet full of blood (sorry if that was too graphic). Anyway, I went to the hospital and by the time I got there I was 4 cm dilated and 90% effaced. At 7 cm I was given an epidural even though I told the nurses I was ok. I did NOT like the feeling of being medicated, not to mention the IV and process of getting the epidural. I knew there had to be a better way, so I began doing research. That's when I learned of the many benefits of natural childbirth. It never dawned on me before that I DO have options and I DO have a say in how my children are born.
But here is the problem, I would really love to have a midwife. That would be my dream! But unfortunately I live in a state where midwives cannot practice legally. I also wanted to get a doula but my husband was not on board for that. He feels like we can handle it on our own. We told our doctor on our last appointment that we intend to go natural. She took it pretty well. The only thing that bothered me is that she didn't want to look at our birth plan. Our hospital actually offers the option to have a water labor. They also provide birth balls and a squat bar for pushing, so that made me feel a little better. I guess I'm just a little apprehensive about having the support I need. I know my husband supports me, but he has yet to read any of the books I ordered. Oh, and I also wanted to take a Bradley class, but the closest one is 2 hours away in another city. Has anyone on here had a natural childbirth in a hospital, no midwife or doula? I know in my heart that I can do this. But sometimes those little what if's try to pop up into my mind. Any suggestions, support, and encouragement anyone has to offer is welcomed and much needed. Thanks!
UPDATE: I just want to say thanks to everyone for your responses. I almost got "suckered" into being induced on this Monday (which is my due date). I really didn't want to do it but then I started thinking that maybe it was for my baby's health. After a long talk with my husband he convinced me that it wasn't necessary and we should just stick to our plan and give our son more time. I'm happy to stick to my guns but I'm also a little disappointed about having to wait to hold my little one in my arms. As of my last dr's appointment yesterday I was only 2 cm. I"ll be 40 weeks Sunday and it just doesn't seem like I"m making any progress. I'm a bit discouraged and trying not to get depressed. I don't feel like I'm getting the proper encouragement from my husband either to keep going. Has anyone ever had to go past their due date to get the birth they wanted? Any words of advice or encouragement would be greatly appreciated right now. Thanks for giving me an outlet to vent my frustrations.
UPDATE#2: Thanks once again to everyone who responded and offered their support and encouragement. I am SO very proud to say that I had my very first natural childbirth experience and I would not have had it any other way!! My little one was born on June 14th, a day after his due date. I actually went into labor around 11:30 PM the night before. I had a feeling I was in labor but I wasn't sure, so I played some Mahjongg until I got tired and then I went to bed and attempted to get some sleep. Throughout the night I was a bit uncomfortable so I didn't really sleep much. The next morning I noticed that my contractions went from being about 10 to 15 mins apart the night before to about 5 to 7 mins. I called my doctor's office and was advised to come in to get checked. When I got there she told me that I was at 3.5 cm and 40% effaced. She said that I could either go walk for a while and come back or I could go straight to labor and delivery. I think I was so excited at the idea of being in labor that I opted to go to labor and delivery. That was around 10:30 the morning of the 14th and my son was born at 11:00 that night!
I think what surprised me the most was that the pain wasn't as bad as I thought it would be. Contractions with Pitocin hurt way worse! I had opted to have a water labor, so the nurses kept asking me "would you like to get in the tub now?", and each time I told them that I'd wait because I kept expecting the pain to get worse, but it never really did. What helped me the most was walking. I walked pretty much the whole time except for when I had to get on the EFM. Things didn't really get intense until about an hour and a half before I started pushing. The contractions REALLY started coming, but I wasn't checked the whole day so I didn't know how dilated I was. Right before I started pushing I went to the bathroom because I thought I had to do #2, and as it happened a nurse was passing by and heard me groaning in my room and came in to check on me as I was on the toilet. I told her that I felt like I needed to use it, and she told me to wait so she could check me. She had a feeling it was time to push, and sure enough when she checked me I was at 7 cm. It seemed that right after she checked me I got a really intense urge to push and she told me to go right ahead and she'd call the doctor in. From there everything is a blur, it happened so quickly. I got on the bed and pushed about 3 or 4 times and he was out! Another surprise was that the pushing wasn't painful. It just felt like I was constipated and taking a good dump :)
I also have to give the hospital staff kudos because they were very supportive of my natural birth. The nurses weren't pushy and I wasn't offered any drugs. They gave me my space to manage my pain the way I saw fit. It was truly a stress free experience, I loved it. And my husband did a WONDERFUL job. I couldn't have made it without him! So thanks again to everyone. I'm so glad I saw the Business of Being Born. It truly changed my outlook on what birth is all about.
Views: 451
My daughter had her third baby in the hospital (the second was a home birth). The practice that attended her second birth had stopped providing birth care. Both she and her husband prepared for the hospital setting. When she arrived in the hospital labor and delivery unit her husband asked for "a nurse that supports natural childbirth". He stated their preference clearly. I was there also. She had intermittent monitoring, no I.V., as was free to chose the positions she was most comfortable with. She was not given any medication and held her baby immediately after birth.
My daughter used the birth plan format that is online at www.mothersadvocate.org I believe that she gave a copy to her doctor and it was included in her records. When she went to the hospital she was well established in labor-- and had gone past her due date. Waiting for labor to begin on its own (after a couple episodes of false labor) was a bit trying but it was important for labor to start on its own.
Blessings, may you have a healthy natural birth!
I managed to have as natural of a birth in a hospital as I could with preeclampsia. I had to be induced with pitocin at 36 weeks due to the preeclampsia, but negotiated with my doctor to be off of the fetal monitor for 30 minutes of every hour in which I moved around, walked, used a birthing ball etc. When I started to go into transition, I went into the bathroom to vomit and asked if I could get into the shower and once the nurses said yes, I spent the rest of my labor to 10 centimeters in the shower (so no more monitoring for me). I would have pushed the baby out in the shower if the nurse hadn't literally dragged me back to the bed and made me wait for the doctor to push. I had no epidural, no pain med of any kind, and even though it wasn't my ideal "natural" birth, I was still really proud of myself for fighting to keep it as natural as possible in spite of my preeclampsia. I'm pregnant again and this time I am going to a midwife practice at a different hospital and I am really hoping to have the truly natural birth that I wanted last time. Anyway, I did it without a doula. I found reading Ina May Gaskin's Guide to Childbirth to be extremely helpful. Reading the labor stories in the first half of the book was very empowering, and the medical advice in the second half really built up my nerve to stand firm on what I wanted when I got to the hospital. It's an excellent read.
Thanks! Good luck to you and your family!
Get a Doula=)) they are Such a Help and in a hospital setting where you need more support they really come in handy=))
I have had two natural child births in hospital you can do it=)) My first labor was 38hours, my 2nd was an induction at 42 weeks and they used pit which caused hyper contraction (they said after the fact) my contraction where about or less then 30sec apart and more then 2min long it was a crazy birth. I had a 4th D cut but this was all caused by too much pit they made the baby heart rate go down and needed to get him out so they cut me. Try to go into labor on your own and stay at home as long as you can and get a doula is the best advice I think i could give=)
Best of Luck and Happy Birthing=))
Thanks so much for posting this discussion Dionne. I have found some of the info, such as suggested reading, very usefull and it has calmed my nerves big time.
Best of luck to you and be sure to let us all know how it goes.
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See the top 20 most helpful scuba gear reviews
Average Customer Review: based on 7 reviews.Rating: Great Balanced Octo - Cant beat the price
Does this ship with a miflex hose? If not, would it be possible to special order this with a yellow miflex hose instead of the standard hose?
Is this octo compatible with Alpha 8 Sport Scuba Regulator? If I order the Alpha 8 Sport Scuba Regulator with the recommended add on octo will it come assembled and installed?
RG320 - AirWave Octo
Adjustable To Prevent Freeflows
The AirWave is designed with the philosophy that the best way to assist an out-of-air diver is to give them your octopus. Therefore, the hose orientation is designed to be on the diver's right side so the AirWave can be given to an out-of-air diver without the need for 'S' turns. This unique mouthpiece orientation is the reverse of many octopuses but truly is the best design. The adjustment feature allows the diver to change the direction of the air flow to prevent any annoying free flow.
Pneumatically balanced for performance
Unique, free flow preventing adjustment
Reliable, safe design
Sleek and compact
Hi-Viz neon yellow cover
36' hose
It is important to provide the proper preventative maintenance in order to ensure the maximum performance and life of your regulator. The following procedures should be performed routinely after each use to ensure that the regulator is cleaned, inspected and prepared for the next use or for storage.
1. When the regulator is removed from the SCUBA cylinder valve, it is important that the dust cap or protector cap is installed over the first stage regulator inlet fitting or threaded DIN connector. This is critical to prevent the entrance of moisture into the first-stage. This cap or protector is normally attached to the first stage regulator and may therefore be wet. Wipe or blow the cap or protector completely dry before securing it over the inlet fitting or threaded DIN connector.
2. As soon as possible after diving, the regulator should be rinsed thoroughly with clean fresh water while attached to a cylinder and pressurized with air.
3. Rinsing alone will not sufficiently clean the regulator properly. To clean the regulator as thoroughly as possible, it should be soaked in warm (not over 120º F) tap water.
a. The preferred method is to attach the regulator to a charged SCUBA cylinder, open the cylinder valve to pressurize the regulator, and thoroughly soak both the first and second stages. Pressurizing the regulator will effectively prevent moisture or contamination from entering the regulator while it is soaking. While the regulator is soaking, depress the second stage purge button several times to agitate the water inside the second stage. This will help loosen any mineral deposits that may have adhered to internal components. You should also turn the adjustment knob (SeaAir only) several times to loosen any mineral deposits that may have settled around the shaft. Agitate the entire second stage regulator while submerged to allow the warm water to flow in and out of the housing, this will further loosen any mineral deposits and help flush them out. Also agitate the first stage regulator to ensure water has entered the ambientwater ports. If the regulator is equipped with an alternate air source, gauge console, and inflator hose, soak these and agitate as needed.
b. If soaking the regulator while pressurized is not feasible, it may be soaked unpressurized. Be sure the dust cap or DIN protector cap is secure over the first stage inlet or threaded connector. DO NOT depress the purge button or turn the adjustment knob or lever while regulator is submerged.
NOTE: When soaking or rinsing the SeaAir regulator unpressurized, check to ensure that the second-stage adjustment knob is turned completely 'in' (clockwise) to prevent moisture from entering the valve and LP hose.
CAUTION: DO NOT depress the purge button, loosen the first stage yoke screw, or turn the second stage adjustment knob all the way 'out' (SeaAir model) if the regulator is submerged unpressurized. Doing so will allow water to enter, and will require that the regulator be returned to an Authorized XS Scuba Dealer for service.
4. If regulator has been soaking in water, remove the regulator and cylinder from the water bath and wipe the regulator as dry as possible. Next, depressurize the regulator by turning the cylinder valve hand wheel off (clockwise). While looking at the submersible pressure gauge face, depress the purge button, continue to depress the purge button until the gauge reads zero and air flow can no longer be heard. Remove the regulator from the cylinder valve.
5. If the regulator is to be stored for a long period, it is good practice to wipe the hoses and rubber gauge boot with a light film of non-aerosol silicone grease, using a soft cloth.
6. The SeaAir regulator should be stored with the knob or lever turned all the way out. This will help extend the life of the low pressure seat.
7. When the regulator is completely dry, store it in a clean equipment box or sealed in a plastic bag. DO NOT store it where it may be exposed to excessive heat or near an electrical motor, which produces ozone. Prolonged exposure to extreme heat, ozone, chlorine, and ultraviolet rays can cause premature degradation of rubber parts and components.
8. Never store the regulator while it is still attached to a cylinder.
9. DO not use any type of solvent or petroleum based substances to clean or lubricate any part of the regulator. DO not expose any part of the regulator to aerosol sprays as some aerosol propellants attack or degrade rubber and plastic materials.
DO NOT attempt to perform any disassembly or service of your regulator. Doing so may cause the regulator to malfunction, and will render the XS Scuba warranty null and void. All service must be performed by an Authorized XS Scuba Dealer.
Safe Second Stages aren't new. The idea sprang up out of necessity decades ago, and even though it took a while for the "old guard" of divers to get behind using them, they are with us to stay. For many years, the Octo, as it's commonly known, was nothing more than an additional version of the same second stage that the diver was using as their primary regulator. It's biggest problem and the first complaint you'd hear was the fact that it was prone to annoying free flows on entry into the water. Nothing worse than your safety item wasting your air before you even get to begin your dive!
The solution to this was pretty easy. Simply have a technician de-tune the 2nd stage and back the orifice off just a bit so that the octo was slightly less sensitive to water pushing against the diaphragm and pushing on the lever. The downside to this were a few things. First the octo would breathe terrible when used. The premise of thought being the person who needed it would be grateful for ANY air in a situation where they were 100 feet underwater and suddenly found to be without it. The second being that we still had a large, clunky feeling 2nd stage bouncing around our right hip. Lastly one of the biggest issues with the octo was ease of use. The way they are designed makes it very unnatural to use in an emergency situation. Again, the user is far from unhappy with the comfort level of the air source they suddenly have but because the case is basically the same case used for the primary second stages as a cost cutting move by the manufacturers it puts the hose at an unnatural angle for the user.
The XS Scuba Airwave octo addresses all these concerns very well. It was designed from the ground up as a safe second. Although designed and engineered by people with a long history of building some of the most successful regulators in scuba, it is not a product that has evolved from any other item. The first thing you notice is how small and compact it is. Designed in a small, flat case the octo lays nicely against the diver. While still being on the right hip, where we all look for a traditional octo, it is not a large heavy object bouncing around under our arm. The faceplate is brightly colored yellow for very easy recognition when needed and best of all the problem of uncomfortable direction of the hose is solved by the octo being flat. There is no exhaust "T" to get in the way or knock the diver's mask out of place. The unit can easily be used upside down or right side up with no adverse effect on its performance.
Surprisingly it breathes very similar to a middle-performance sport diving primary second stage. I've used it a number of times, just out of curiosity, during my dive and have been more than impressed with the way it breathes. Very easy and effortless and not as "wet" as one would expect out of this type of a 2nd stage. It does not ever seem to be prone to free flows because of the way the cover and diaphragm are designed but to ensure this the designers took one extra step and added a venture adjustment switch to the unit! Turn it down and it's a de-tuned 2nd stage that will stand prepared to offer years of silent and invisible back up, switch it on and you have a great breathing piece of gear!
In the long run, I'd stop short of calling this the proverbial "better mousetrap" but XS Scuba has really shown what a little thought and some attention to detail can do to greatly improve on a diver's safety and convenience. The Airwave octo is easily one of the best choices in gear a diver can make.


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Worked With:
John Sayles
Birth Name: John Sayles
Born: 09/28/1950
Birth Place: Schenectady, New York, USA
Born: 09/28/1950
Birth Place: Schenectady, New York, USA
Born on Sept. 28, 1950 in the ethnic working-class town of Schenectady, NY, Sayles was raised by educators; his father, Donald, was a math and science teacher who eventually moved into school administration, and his mother, Mary, taught elementary school. Growing up, he moved around the Schenectady area with his family, which led to attending six or seven different schools as a youth. When he was in the ninth grade, Sayles entered an electrical engineering program that allowed him to enter Mount Pleasant High School a year early, where the athletic teen played baseball, track, basketball and football. Though not the best student - he actually disliked going to school - Sayles was an avid rea... Continue Bio >>
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Best Kids Parties: Milk & Cookies
My Party
Location: Atlanta, GA
The dessert table consisted of three flavored milks in carafes (plain, strawberry and chocolate), and different cookies (animal crackers, black & whites, chocolate chip, snickerdoodles and macarons). Once I decided on the pastel color palette, I used cupcake liners as decoration on the cupcake tier, and the Ikea kids little pastel glasses as table decoration. I made the mini flag bunting for the rainbow cake and inside - surprise- were the pastel colors! All the guests loved it! I used chalkboard labels for the kids' milk bottles - those were the party favors. The kids had aqua paper straws and the adults had pink paper straws. The guests got to take extra cookies home - and we had so many leftover!
Thanks Rachel!
(Images: Rachel)


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1947 Chevy Pickup Heater Installation - The Heat Is OnWritten by on May 1, 2010 Contributors: Joshua Shaw Warming Up Our Project Shop Truck
Behind every great hot rod is a great pickup truck.
Maybe it's a tow vehicle, or a shop truck, or just cool daily transportation. Maybe it's another build project, like the '47 Chevy pickup that STREET RODDER Editor Brian Brennan has been thinking about for years and talking about a little more lately.
Our plans for Project Shop Truck were laid out in the November issue, where in addition to telling you about the mechanical components we'll be using on the buildup, we also explained the unusual concept of the project. In case you missed it, the idea is to build a nostalgia-style '47 Chevy pickup that GM never touched, sticking to parts readily available from the aftermarket. The whole thing is already well underway at Hot Rods by Dean in Phoenix.
We're using a fully assembled steel Dynacorn Classic Bodies '47-53 Chevy five-window truck cab, which we got from Chevs of the 40's, riding on a Fatman Fabrications truck chassis. It's a great combination, and its turning into a pretty cool pickup. Cool, with heat.
Since the Chevy isn't going to be overladen with automotive bells and whistles, we decided to forego A/C, but a reliable heater/defroster is one of the creature comforts we definitely wanted to install. We're planning on driving this truck, and on cool mornings and evenings we'll be glad to have a heater feeding hot air into the cab and a defroster to eliminate condensation on the windshield.
Vintage Air's Compac GEN II heater/defroster seemed like just the product we needed. The box's integral floor outlet is actuated by an electronic servo, and opens to drop heat down toward our feet; from there, like all hot air, it will rise. A pair of flexible hoses feed the defrost ducts mounted at the stock dash openings.
Tearing open the box from Vintage Air, we were impressed by the size of the unit. It definitely is compact, but we wondered if it would move enough air to do its job in the '47. No problem. If it can warm up a street rod interior, we know it can heat the cab of Project Shop Truck without breaking a sweat.
On this application, the installation was a simple procedure. The biggest challenge was finding the optimal spot for mounting the heater box on the firewall. On the '47, the only obstacles we had to worry about were the cowl vent and the windshield wipers-and the only visible part of the system is the small three-knob control panel. Jonathan Williams at Hot Rods by Dean had the upgrade finished in no time. The average-skilled home builder should be able to finish the job between breakfast and lunch, using tools he probably has lying on his workbench right now. For builders with less-than-avarage skill, add 10 minutes.
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It didn't take long for Jonathan at Hot Rods by Dean to locate the optimal location for the heater, which measures approximately 10 inches wide, 10-1/4 inches tall, and 6 inches deep. He mounted it as close to the center as possible, so that hot air will be evenly delivered to the driver and passenger. He also needed to avoid interference with the cowl vent and windshield wipers.Once the ideal location-high up under the dash-was located, the heater attached to the firewall with four bolts.As you can see, the firewall has a lot of contours and no flat areas as large as the heater. Jonathan used a 3/16-inch and 1/2-inch spacers where necessary to fasten the heater.Vintage Air has universal defrost ducts for all standard openings as well as these ducts, designed for '47-53 Chevy pickups, and with the 2-inch-diameter flexible hose.The only modification made to the dash was to slightly enlarge the existing mounting holes on each side of the defroster openings.Jonathan opened up the existing holes in our new cab to fit the screws supplied by Vintage Air. The ducts lined right up and fit perfectly.The 2-inch diameter flexible hosing was installed and routed to the ducts. If this was being installed on a finished project truck, under-dash obstacles such as gauges, wiring, wipers, a sound system, and others would be obvious. In this case, those things had to be anticipated, so that there will be no interference with the heater hoses when they are added later.
Using a Vintage Air heater hose kit, including hoses, bulkhead fittings, and clamps, the hoses were routed from the heater core, through the firewall (using the original firewall holes in this case), to the engine, where the incoming pressure line (upper/right line on this installation) attaches to the intake manifold heater connection and the outgoing suction line (lower/left line) attaches at the water pump. Note the position of the heater control valve on the pressure line.The electronic servo heater control valve features an integrated ECU module and is installed in the pressure line on the inside of the firewall, as shown in the previous photo. This is a one directional valve, as indicated by the arrow on the unit that points toward the heater.This unit features a three-knob control panel, which is attached at the bottom of the dash in Project Shop Truck. The part comes with mounting holes pre-drilled on top of the case, and access holes in the bottom.After locating the proper mounting spot below the dash, Jonathan marked the mounting holes, using the upper holes in the control panel case as a template, then drilled them out. The rest was as simple as turning a screwdriver, using fasteners included in the kit.


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Just over a week ago we announced news of Killzone 3 PS3 Beta invites going out, and today some fresh video footage of Mech Gameplay and more has surfaced!
To quote from GamersMint.com (linked above):
"We have more than 11 minutes of Killzone 3 BETA gameplay and we are at a loss of words on how to describe it... simply put, it's AWESOME!
The footage shows you wrecking havoc upon your enemies and is a sheer delight to watch.
Killzone 3 releases in Febuary 2011, exclusive to the PS3."
GamingBolt.com did comment on some bugs in the KZ3 PS3 Beta though, to quote:
"Since it's a BETA, some bugs have made their presence felt as well. Drop in framerates being a major one, stuff like unable to walk up stairs (0.25), enemies running through you while you try and melee them (1.00) and delay in killing enemies (final few seconds)."
Those interested can check out the Killzone 3 PS3 Beta gameplay videos below!
More PlayStation 3 News...


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May 30, 2016
NEW YORK (AP) -- A large study offers reassuring news for pregnant women worried about getting a flu shot.
The research found no evidence that the vaccine increases the risk of losing a fetus, and may prevent some fetal deaths.
The flu vaccine has long been considered safe for pregnant women. U.S. health officials began recommending flu shots for them more than five decades ago.
Experts say the new study is perhaps largest look at the safety and value of flu shots during pregnancy.
The study was released by the New England Journal of Medicine on Wednesday as the United States and Europe suffer through an early and intense flu season.
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I had my hotmail account set up in Zimbra and everything was fine until I changed my hotmail password to a password generated by KeePass password safe. The next time I opened Zimbra it asked me for the new password, I pasted it into the box but it wouldn't save, the save box was greyed out. I tried editing the account settings but got an authentication failed error, once again it was the same problem, it didn't accept the new password.
When I went to hotmail directly the new password worked fine. So I would be interested to know why I can't change the password in Zimbra. Thanks in advance.
Tried again with a shorter, albeit not as secure password and it worked. I'm assuming there are rules for length and composition of passwords for Zimbra but I can't seem to find any specific info , perhaps someone could help me with that.


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Laura Petrecca and Melanie Eversley, USA TODAY
NEW YORK - A "person of interest" was taken into custody Tuesday in the case of a man who was pushed onto the subway tracks at a Times Square station and killed by a train.
Detective Martin Speechley said police "have a person of interest being questioned at the precinct," but that no arrest had been made.
The story has seen added interest because a New York photographer who saw the man pushed onto the tracks took pictures of the man as the train approached. R. Umar Abbasi, a freelance photographer for the New York Post, said he was trying to use the camera's flash would warn the driver to stop.
"I just started running, running, hoping that the driver could see my flash," Abbasi told the Post. Killed was Ki-Suck Han, 58.
The Post published a front-page photo of Han on the tracks, apparently trying to climb onto the platform, with the moving train just feet away. Abbasi said Han tried to scramble back to the platform as onlookers screamed for the train driver to stop. The train slowed, but Han could not escape.
Abbasi, who said he would have been unable to rescue the man, said the train "crushed him like a rag doll."
Physician Laura Kaplan was on the platform when the tragedy occurred and told the Post she rushed over to help the dying man. "People were shouting and yelling when it happened, but then people ran the other way," Kaplan, 27, told the Post. "I heard what I thought were heart sounds," she said, but Han never took a breath, and she was unable to get into position to administer CPR.
"The most painful part was I could see him getting closer to the edge," Abbasi told the Post. "He was getting so close. And people were running toward him and the train."
A day later, four friends exiting the same station where the tragedy occurred expressed dismay that the photographer didn't try to do more for Han. "I'd jump in there for my cellphone; I'd definitely jump in there for a man," said student Charlene Johashen, 26, of Brooklyn. "It bothers me because now I wonder about myself and whether anyone would help if I was pushed."
Twitter lit up with some attacks on the photographer for failing to do more. Among tweets:
-- Natasha Henry ?(@NatashaSHenry) "Disgusting! Whatever happened to integrity? Or just basic morals?"
-- Matt Jordan (@infamousmj) "The photog should be arrested. He should have helped him."
Some experts questioned whether the Post should have published the picture.
"I see nothing wrong with running the photo," says Nina Berman, an associate professor of photojournalism at Columbia University's Columbia Journalism School in New York City.
The photographer said he tried to alert the train driver by flashing a signal, she says, so he didn't just ignore the victim.
In such a situation, "it's convenient to blame the photographer" for not taking enough action to help. "But what about all the other people there who you don't see in the frame?" she says.
"I bet the photographer is traumatized," she says. "He's a witness to a death, and he is vilified. And probably everyone on that platform is traumatized."
She was taken aback by the Post's online video that gave details of the story. In particular, the ad that ran before the story came up bothered her.
That comes across as "let's milk this story and get some ad space on it," she says. "That's kind of disgusting."
Kelly McBride, senior faculty member for ethics at journalism's Poynter Institute, says the photographer should have tried to help the victim in a more direct manner.
"He had a moral obligation to try to get to the guy and pull him out of the subway well," she says. "Maybe it wasn't possible, maybe it wasn't doable. There are many things that aren't doable, but you have to try."
She says that, even taking into consideration "the best possible version of this story - that the photographer was trying to help and the pictures were a byproduct" - even then, "running the photos is horrible," she says.
The newspaper cover "was distasteful," says Gene Russianoff, staff attorney and spokesman for the Straphangers Campaign, a New York City transit riders' advocacy group, "but we live in a country with free speech."
"I gasped when I saw the cover," he says.


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Inslee: Wash. still poised to change the world
OLYMPIA, Wash. (AP) — Gov. Jay Inslee said Wednesday that Washington state is poised to develop the next wave of innovations that will change the world, imploring state leaders to act swiftly in order to remain competitive in the global economy.
Inslee cited the state's history of development in aerospace and software during his inaugural speech, and he declared that Washington isn't done with that work. He said the state can harness its unique blend of values and talents to help bring fresh job growth, but he cautioned that "the world will not wait."
"Leading this next wave of growth is our opportunity, not our entitlement," Inslee said during the speech before a joint session of the House and Senate after he was sworn in as the state's 23rd governor. "We must move, swiftly and boldly, to put this recession behind us, and bring forward a unique economic strategy that brings the best of Washington state to the world."
Inslee's first talk took an international focus, noting that the world economy is changing as it emerges from the recession. The Democrat has focused his policies on research and development, hoping to help spur growth in areas such as clean energy and life sciences.
At age 61, Inslee takes office in a state that has an unemployment rate of 7.6 percent, though that number has been falling from a high of about 10 percent in 2010. He wants to pursue a research and development tax credit to aid his jobs agenda, though his first major task in office will be balancing a state budget while also finding a large chunk of new money for education.
Inslee has said taxes are off the table and that he wants to focus on making government more efficient to get more results out of the state's current resources. Gov. Chris Gregoire gave her final State of the State address Tuesday, saying the state wouldn't be able to simply cut its way out of the budget challenges.
Inslee also said that he would work with the Legislature on a bipartisan transportation plan.
"We need ways to free capacity for freight and commerce, and rethink how we do the business of transportation in our state and how we use our transportation infrastructure," he said.
While Inslee focused his first talk heavily on jobs and the economy, the new governor also touched on the matter of gun violence during his address. Inslee said he doesn't have all the answers on how to prevent massacres like the recent one at an elementary school in Connecticut, but he said one common sense solution would be to focus on keeping guns out of the wrong hands.
"Any failure to address the issue of violence in our communities and our schools will be intolerable," Inslee said.
A specific piece of legislation Inslee called for in his speech was one that would require insurers who cover maternity care — which Washington insurers are mandated to provide — to also pay for abortions.
The measure passed out of the House during the last legislative session but failed in the Senate. Inslee said that he wanted to see the measure on his desk to sign this year.
Inslee also pressed the issue of climate change, saying it's clear that the state faces grave and immediate danger if we fail to act. He noted that the state has had flooding, drought and devastating wildfires and warned that changes in snowpack could threaten eastern Washington's agriculture.
"Our current lack of action on clean energy is an offense against our own children, as we put their health in danger and their prosperity at risk," Inslee said.
House Minority Leader Richard DeBolt, R-Chehalis, said after the speech that he worried that Inslee will seek to micromanage the energy sector with tax credits geared toward clean energy.
"We still aren't going to allow the market to work," he said. "We're going to say government decides if you get to be successful or not."
Senate Republican Leader Mark Schoesler of Ritzville said that his party would work to help Inslee make good on his campaign pledge to not raise taxes.
"His first order of business today was jobs," he said. "It's first in the Senate Republican agenda."
House Majority Leader Pat Sullivan, D-Covington, said that he didn't see how to solve the state's fiscal and education needs with an all-cuts budget but said he'll be interested to see the budget proposals put forth by both Inlsee and the Senate.
"We're going to work to get the job done," he said. "We have no choice."
Follow Rachel La Corte at http://www.twitter.com/RachelAPOly or http://www.facebook.com/news.rachel and Mike Baker at http://twitter.com/MikeBakerAP . AP writer Jonathan Kaminsky contributed.


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Tetra® Whisper Carbon Filters
Clean water leads to healthy, happy fish. Changing the carbon filter on a regular basis helps provide the environment they need to thrive. Part of maintaining the best aquarium water quality you can is replacing the filter cartridge as soon as it's needed. You've already made a strong choice in purchasing a Whisper EX filter and your fish appreciate it, so keep a stock of these carbon filters near by and use the indicators provided to ensure the healthiest, highest quality life you can for your fish.
These Tetra Whisper carbon filters made for the Whisper EX30, EX45, and the EX70 have three important parts of their protection package:
- Coarse layer - Removes larger particulates.
- Activated Carbon - Rapidly removes odor, discoloration, impurities and toxins leaving your water clean, healthy, and polished.
- Multi-density layer - Specially designed to capture a full range of particulates giving you unmatched water clarity.
Losing track of time is not an excuse anymore! These carbon filters come with Timestrip and take any guesswork out of carbon filter usage. Just place the Timestrip into your Whisper EX system, activate it by pressing the start button, and when it turns red replace both the filter and the Timestrip. Super easy.
Manufacturer recommends if your aquarium contains a large number of fish or live plants, then consider purchasing the next size up filter and cartridges.
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Added these to the kids treat bags at my daughters 8th birthday party. They were a big hit with everyone. Even the dog got in on the action, chasing bubbles the kids were blowing.


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Game On! - Teen Summer Reading Activity
Our next summer reading activity for teens is on Tuesday, July 29 at 2:00 pm. This time we are going to get together for a laid back afternoon of board games. We'll supply the games, you supply the fun. Feel free to bring your friends.
Remember, we have activities for teens every Tuesday in June and July.


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Well the long anticipated special quota elk draw turn out to be a dud for this guy...So this year I will be hunting with a general combo tag. So I'm out and about gathering info.
Thinking about heading over to the Gravelly/Snowcrest ranges toward the end of September bow hunting, in hopes of traffic dying down..
I know there is a large amount of area to roam and they have tightened up off road travel. I also know they have been in the news last year with bear problems. I don't know if this has cut down on the number of hunters?
Being from MN, I am not to concerned about wolves(have thousands of them here) and black bears. Did some bow hunting north f Yellowstone(back country backpack) last year. So, I am over my fear of grizzlies, but still very cautious.
Any elk updates on the area would be appreciated. Not looking for secret spots. Just if this area has good potential and what I am expected to run into. I believe this forum is open to members only...If not, feel free to PM..I have also done some hunting in eastern MT for muleys and little snowies for elk. So I would be willing to trade info.


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Photographer Wilson Au uses both glowing skyline imagery and delicate plant life close-ups to highlight the urban and natural beauty of Hong Kong in this free Windows theme.
A theme is a combination of desktop background pictures, window colors, and sounds. All of the images will be downloaded when you click Download theme.
This theme can only be used in Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows RT 8.1, Windows RT, and in Windows 7 Home Premium, Professional, Enterprise, or Ultimate editions.


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The bikes up to 150 miles (242 km) on the odometer. The miles are being added faster than I thought they would be.I find that after 9 years of not riding, the old training and lessons from all of those 45 years of riding was just sitting in the back of my mind....waiting for a chance to be used again.GREAT FUN!
This reminds me strongly of my first days on the G5. As for the break in ... Quite honestly, the handbook guidelines are nonsense.
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Other Names for this Disease
- Afibrinogenemia congenital
- Congenital afibrinogenemia
See Disclaimer regarding information on this site. Some links on this page may take you to organizations outside of the National Institutes of Health.
Afibrinogenemia, sometimes called congenital afibrinogenemia, is an inherited blood disorder in which the blood does not clot normally. It occurs when there is a lack (deficiency) of a protein called fibrinogen (or factor I), which is needed for the blood to clot.[1][2] Affected individuals may be susceptible to severe bleeding (hemorrhaging) episodes, particularly during infancy and childhood. Afibrinogenemia is thought to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.[2]
Last updated: 7/17/2009
- Dugdale DC, Chen YB. Congenital afibrinogenemia. MedlinePlus. 2009; http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001313.htm. Accessed 7/17/2009.
- Afibrinogenemia, Congenital. National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). 2007; http://www.rarediseases.org/search/rdbdetail_abstract.html?disname=Afibrinogenemia%2C%20Congenital. Accessed 7/17/2009.
GARD Video TutorialsLearn how to find information on treatment, research, specialists, and more.
Your Questions AnsweredView questions about this condition answered by GARD Information Specialists. You can also submit a new question.
On this page
Basic Information
- Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Afibrinogenemia. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
- MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.
- The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) is a federation of more than 130 nonprofit voluntary health organizations serving people with rare disorders. Click on the link to view information on this topic.
In Depth Information
- Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
- Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Afibrinogenemia. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
Other Names for this Disease
- Afibrinogenemia congenital
- Congenital afibrinogenemia
See Disclaimer regarding information on this site. Some links on this page may take you to organizations outside of the National Institutes of Health.