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CPP's Rear Springs & Disc Brake UpgradeWritten by on January 27, 2011 Corner And Stop With Confidence
If you're an avid reader of CLASSIC TRUCKS then you know that I installed CPP front disc brakes and a firewall-mounted brake booster on a '55-59 Chevy in our January issue. This month I changed it up a bit by installing CPP's 3- to 4-inch rear drop springs and disc brake kit.
The CPP brake booster was already installed, and I was worried that I would have to purchase an extra brake master cylinder and proportioning valve, because when I ordered the front disc brakes I was going to use the stock rear drums. After a quick call to Craig Chaffers, head honcho of R&D, explaining what I wanted to with the brakes and the rear suspension, Chaffers eased my worries. He explained that the master cylinder from my previous kit would work just fine and that the only modification I would have to make was with the proportion valve. The proportioning valves' check valve needed to be removed by simply unscrewing the front of the block and removing it. That turned it from a disc/drum valve to a disc/disc valve.
When I opened the CPP 3- to 4-inch rear suspension kit, flip kit, shackles, perches, and shocks I noticed the nice, laser-cut front and rear spring perches. The welds were very uniform and with solid penetration. CPP took pride in what they were doing and it showed in the product. Now the only hard part was to remove all the tired stock components, such as rear drums, springs, and riveted spring perches.
I knew I wanted to go low in the rear but still be able to carry a few pounds in the back or possibly tow a motorcycle trailer, so the multileaf drop springs were the way to go. Just how low you want is up to you by adding lowering blocks between the rearend and the new springs. I used CPP's 2-inch blocks and U-bolts to get my desired ride height. The install went really easy, except for a few pesky rivets. Hopefully, your install goes as smoothly as mine.
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First off you need to set the vehicle on jackstands and remove the wheels and tires. I started by supporting the differential with a floor jack and applied light pressure, so that when I removed the old housing and springs I wouldn't damage the shop floor or housing when it fell. The framerails at this point have jacks on either side.Start by removing the brake lines to rear drums. Next, disconnect the e-brake cables by unscrewing the two cables toward the center underside of the cab.Some spring hanger bolts will just unscrew and pop right out and some will need to be unscrewed. Make sure you check to see what you have before the big hammer comes out.Remove the shocks and, once you have all of the spring shackle bolts and nuts out, you can relieve pressure on the floor jack and slowly let down the housing with the springs. The housing with springs and brakes can be removed at this point. Remove the U-bolts and springs from the housing if your going to reuse the housing.Depending on if you are using your stock housing or getting an aftermarket axlehousing, like mine from Currie Enterprises, will determine how much cutting and grinding you will do. With a bare housing it was easy to set the spring pads in the exact spot I needed.Editor Riz has already shown us a thing or two about drilling out rivets, so I'll show you a slightly faster way by using a plasma cutter. Use the bigger plasma-cutting tip called a scarfing bit. This allows you to remove material off the rivet head without penetrating the frame.After removing the rivets you will need a large hammer and punch to finish removing the rivets. Some stubborn rivets may need an air hammer with a blunt end.I cleaned the surface rust on the frame, so the frame would not rust onto the new CPP spring perches. I also coated the bare metal with paint before sandwiching the two pieces.
After hanging the springs I noticed that the rear shackles were too far back and would have to move forward slightly to have proper spring travel and not bind. My truck was stripped of the gas tank, motor, trans, and bed. The rearend needs to have all the normal weight in it-motor, transmission, bed wood, and gas tank-because the rear shackles need to be set at the proper angle. Setting the rear shackles in the right location was not a big deal since it was still necessary to drill out some holes for mounting.The rear shackle bushings needed to be pressed in using light taps with a rubber mallet. Place the threaded shackle stud into the bushings and repeat on the other side.Here I simulated a normally loaded truck to set the spring shackles' angle by adding 200-plus pounds of weight on the bed, because my bed and gas tank were out. If the shackle is facing too forward then the spring can suffer from axlewrap. If the spring is too far back then the overall spring travel can suffer. Ideal placement is to have the shackle just past 90 degrees, or the bottom facing the rear. I also used four huge clamps to hold everything into place.To ensure the shackle did not move I tacked the ends with a Miller MIG welder from Jesse Barnes of Barnes Fabrications. We then drilled the rest of the boltholes and bolted the shackles into place. Remember to measure twice and drill once-both sides need to be of equal length.Loosen up the U-bolts holding the axlehousing or if you're using your old housing you will need to grind away the old spring perch so the U-bolts can slide around the housing.Center your axle by measuring from the spring pads to the edge of the housing and then repeat on the other side until equal on both sides. I wouldn't recommend measuring from the spring pads if you had old springs and bushings, but since we have all-new bushings and springs, the measurement is accurate.The pinion angle needs to be set to 3-5 degrees depending on your transmission's tailshaft angle. If you set up your pinion angle with an unloaded vehicle the pinion angle will fall toward zero and cause misalignment, so make sure you have your bed, engine, and transmission installed. Or you can do what I did: get some of your friends to stand on the bed of your truck.Tack the new CPP spring pads in four spots on the axlehousing. Now you can remove the U-bolts to finish-weld the spring pads.The process of welding the axlehousing should be taken in steps to reduce warping. Barnes laid down a weld like the one shown and waited 45 minutes before welding the opposite side. We repeated this process until the pads were completely welded. Currie Enterprises recommends that any time you weld on a Currie housing you send it back to them to get it straightened.
The housing can now be placed back into the truck, and the next step was to set up the shocks. Since I step notched the frame I needed a way to mount the upper part of the shock. Lucky for me, CPP has a replacement rear shock crossmember that worked perfect with a little modification. If you have a stock frame the crossmember is a nice way to get rid of the stock bulky shock mount.Currie Enterprises has a bunch of different options when it comes to shock mounts. Here I tacked the mount and used an angle finder to match the other side. I ended up with a 75-degree angle and made sure the shock cycled through the full range off suspension travel before finish welding.Now it's time for the rear CPP disc brake upgrade. Several shims in the kit will need to be placed in between the axlehousing end and the new caliper-mounting bracket.The caliper bracket holder is next and, when tightening the bolts, make sure that you do not crush the housing ends. Several spacers are in the kit and you may need to add or take away the spacers to fit your housing.Different spacers are also used to shim the caliper bracket to the caliper. Mock up the assembly at first because you will most likely remove the spacers to add or take them away.The bleeder valve under my thumb needs to face up. Also the set of CPP calipers I ordered came with an e-brake built into the caliper; these also need to be indexed from left to right locations.The rotor can be placed over the axle and a lug nut screwed on to hold it into place. Now place the caliper onto the rotor. Make sure the caliper slides on with minimal resistance; otherwise you will need to adjust the spacers. Lucky for me it fit the first time, and I made sure by spinning the rotor by hand.
The other end of the cable will route the same as the old and screw into the end of the stock e-brake contraption.The rear brake lines are one of the last things to assemble. CPP uses a strap to locate the metal hose to the rubber hose. If you're using the stock axlehousing you may not need to use the strap. Finally you will need to figure out if your master cylinder and proportioning valve will work with the disc setup. The stock single stage master cylinder will definitely not work, but CPP has many master cylinder choices. When all the brake lines are plumbed in you will need to bleed the brake system. I start from the right rear, left rear, right front, and then left front. You may end up bleeding the brakes several times until the air is all out of the system.


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Bike starts and runs batteryless, but lights flicker at low RPM and it likes to die at idle.
I would think that rather than frinkling around with trying to delete the battery it would be easier to just replace the big, old fashioned wet cell with one of the little sealed batteries.Some of them are very small and could be hidden under the seat, out of sight if that was the goal. A little 12v, 4AH battery might be the ticket.
It's a great backup to have, and has enabled me to get home one day when I blew a fuse, but I still run a smaller dry cell battery because there's no real drawback to doing so.
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You searched for: Languages English Remove constraint Languages: English Subjects Addresses Remove constraint Subjects: Addresses Start Over
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1. Lecture introductory to the course on obstetrics, and diseases of women and children: in the University of Pennsylvania, for the session of 1836-7
- Author(s):
- Hodge, Hugh L. (Hugh Lenox), 1796-1873
University of Pennsylvania.
- Publisher:
- Philadelphia : Printed by T.B. Town, 1836
- Subject(s):
- Obstetrics
Women's Health


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3rd Rock From The Sun
Home > Television > Other > 3rd Rock From The Sun
John Lithgow
Kristen Johnston
French Stewart
Jane Curtin
All Cast & Crew >>
Summary:A group of aliens is sent to Ohio to observe and research life on Earth. They take the form of a "typical" American family, and strive to assimilate into the culture around them. As high commander of the operation, Dick Solomon becomes the patriarch of their "human" family and teaches as a physics professor at the local university. There he becomes enamored of Dr. Mary Albright, with whom he shares an office and a secretary, Nina. Also posing as the Solomon family are Sally, a warrior alien in a sexy female body, Tommy, a wise elder alien in the form of a typical teenager and oddball Harry.


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Solve inequalities and represent the solution in equation notation, set notation, interval notation, or solution graph.
Learn to write and solve multi-step inequalities given problem situations.
This video demonstrates a sample use of using inequalities.
This video provides an explanation of the concept of using inequalities.
A list of student-submitted discussion questions for Applications with Inequalities.
Come up with questions about a topic and learn new vocabulary to determine answers using the table
Promote connections between specific points in the concept's reading and the reader's personal experiences. Connect text with personal experience in order to deepen understanding and engagement.
Learn how to use compound inequalities to describe the Earth's crust.


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Calendar of Events:
2015 Past Event: Percussion Ensemble
- Date & Time:
- Friday, April 17, 7:00 PM
- Location:
- Westerbeck Recital Hall, CA 140 (PCC Campus maps and directions)
- Open To:
- Public
- Description:
Come watch the PCC Percussion Ensemble pound, strike, and hit approximately thirty instruments while making music of contrasting styles, periods and origins. Directed by Tad Carpenter.
Performance tickets are sold at the Center for the Arts Box Office, beginning one hour prior to start time. At this time, ticket purchase is cash only.
Parking is available in any student lot for $2. Purchase permits in lot vending machines. Parking structure, Student Parking lot 5 off of Bonnie Ave., is the closest to the Box Office.
- Cost:
- $10 General; $5 Student, Staff, Seniors
- Contact:
Jill Keller, Administrative Assistant
Phone: 626-585-7002
- Download this event


text: I was wondering if Unit 704 is a general Elk tag, or is it a special draw tag? If it is a special draw tag, how many points does it typically take to draw? I am mainly wondering what to expect as far as hunting pressure, numbers of animals, quality of animals, and general knowledge about Custer National Park in unit 704. The reason that I inquire about this unit, is that I plan on huning the Big Horns in Wyoming over the next few years, and would like to find an area in Montana to hunt in the off years that I don't draw tags for Wyoming. I greatly appreciate any info.


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Info Table: Peace Corps at UM's Study Abroad Fair
University of Montana
10 a.m. to 2 p.m.
University Center - Atrium
University of Montana
Missoula, MT 59812
Serving in the Peace Corps is a great way to immerse yourself in a new culture, learn a new language, and have the experience of a lifetime. Stop by the Peace Corps table at the Study Abroad Fair at UM to to learn about Volunteer experiences, have your questions answered, and gain tips to guide you through the application process.
If you'd like to stay informed about Peace Corps news and events in your area, sign up to receive e-updates.
About the Peace Corps: Read more or watch a video about what it's like to be a Volunteer including what Volunteers do, where they go, and the many benefits of Peace Corps service. Or apply now to begin your life-defining experience.
Stay Connected: Sign Up for E-Updates || Facebook || Twitter || YouTube || Flickr || Tumblr || LinkedIn
Contact the Campus Representative: Amber Gladney | firstname.lastname@example.com | 406.243.2839 | Career Services Center - Lommasson Center, Room 186 | www.facebook.com/PeaceCorpsUM
For questions about this event contact Erin Erickson
If you require a reasonable accommodation when attending a Peace Corps event, please contact the recruiter identified in the "for questions about this event" section of the event listing. Please provide the details of the reasonable accommodation you are requesting.
Last updated Jul 14 2014
Reference #19199


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Adventure time is pretty good.
Printable View
Adventure time is pretty good.
I watch random episodes on youtube between classes if I'm bored. I still don't know why the rainicorns speak Korean.
I aslo can't tell if AT is a kids show or a parody of a kids show. It seems like both in a way.
It's the embodiment of Nostalgia. It's reminiscent of our kids shows from when we were little but it also deals with themes we deal with now. In the same way it also caters to todays children and will in turn be a nostalgic essence in their future. Saving princesses, going on adventures, fighting evil, having fun and just chilling out are the cornerstones of any child's imagination and play time and seeing a show that embodies all of that is something rare.
never really watched a lot of it but it does seem like one of the better tv shows for kids on now a days. But like MLP those stupid pictures he posts every gets very annoying
i just watched the youtube one where jake invited the... the... unicorn things over to meet him.
I am just a crazy fanatic, don't mind me.
Yeah but that's just Kirby being an autist again
actually King, if you want a better childhood nostalgia trip, I highly suggest you read ax cop if you haven't already
basically it is a comic written by a little boy, but draw by a professional artist, its hilarious
Speaking of nostalgia, apparently they are bringing back Beavis and Butthead.
from the 80's... to now. beavis and butthead are soo old... wow...
Maybe I read some old news.
That Axe Cop thing was cool haha
i still don't know... meh, i suppose. i think i'm not into cartoons that much... well, i really like animaniacs.
And the rainicorns speaking Korean is a little weird, but it kind of fits once you get used to it.


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Things have been just peachy for me....Tomorrow i start my senior year in highschool...Just alot of drama too :/
Im fun, random. And love to be myself.
I plan on being a custom airbrusher on cars ;D
Im about 20 single and loving my life as best as I can.
I've loved PRoach forever! Ive seen them Twice now and they rocked it out ;) Kick In The Teeth is fricken KICKASS :)
anyways Wana get to know me? just message or leave me a comment ;) I love meeting new people...
I haven't added this to my profile yet
I can't believe my life has been sooo busy but IM BACK!!! :D Im going to see P-Roach Sept. 6th for four day early bday present. Im so stoked and can't wait. I hope Jacoby recovers well from his surgery this month.


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China Taking Tough Stance on N. Korea
Tension May Strengthen Ties With U.S.
April 7, 2013
WASHINGTON (AP) — North Korea's latest outburst of nuclear and military threats has given the U.S....
Stop China currency manipulation. I have posted information on the new bill in US Congress at liberty and justice wv. China is a totalitarian nightmare state and we are being distracted by N Korea while China moves to ward aggression and seizure of territory. China wants our gas for this build up and we have allowed deceptive companies funded by China to invade our heartland.Those pies are all heading for the coast not local manufacturing. Corruption and greed are destroying us from the inside. Stop fraud, contamination and save what is left.
0 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
China's labor cost advantage has disappeared. Quite a bit of low end manufacturing is moving to Vietnam. Low end tech support/call centers are in India because Indians generally have a better understanding of English.
Wage rates in Mexico are now equal to those in China.
China does have more than 1.5 billion people. However, 300 million of these are completely unemployed and living in extreme poverty. Another 400 + million are underemployed. With a growing elderly population and their one-child policy, the Chinese have put themselves on the road to oblivion.
Before they get there, however, they will test US resolve in the western Pacific, specifically, in Taiwan. And they will win.
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Wvcoughy, they want to destroy us because:
1) We are the ONLY force standing in the way of their world domination.
2)That has been the PLAN since Mao overthrew the Chinese Government in 1946
3) America has about 313 Million people. China has about 1400 million, almost 5 times as much. Hence their DOMESTIC market for product potentially exceeds ours by almost 5 times.
Therefore, they really DO NOT NEED THE USA as a customer in a few years.
American companies are setting up headquarters in mainland China because their MARKETS are growing faster than our {bleeped} up Obama Recession ruined economy.
Get a clue.
1 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
We must be doomed and marked for destruction because it has been great Americans, the greatest Americans of the 20th and 21st centuries who have sold out our status as the provider to the world and forced us to be at the mercy of cheap Chinese goods. You can't blame the common American who needs to provide clothing and other necessities for his family and must rely on cheap Chinese stuff to make ends meet. But you can blame Democrats and Republicans for putting us in this situation. Boycott's are for fools. You boycott wal-mart and you will be putting your fellow Americans out of work, not the Chinese and you won't put WalMart out of business either.
2 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
What did I miss? American educated Chinese leaders want to destroy the golden goose? You believe they want to destroy because we are _______?
1 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
but our political leaders aren't very smart and the whole world knows it.
0 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Uncommon, you hit that one! When we buy Chinese junk, are we not supporting communism?
0 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
BullSpit! China will NEVER be our ally!
2 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
don't be blowing up any wal-marts!
0 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
NOBODY will EVER convince me that China is ANYTHING but evil and like Russia and North Korea simply waiting for the right time to wage war against the US!
American consumers have been WILLINGLY buying made in China goods for years which simply funds and expands the strength of COMMUNISIM around the world!!
It THIS country, for 1 billion dollars we can build ONE plane
In China, they can build an army!!
North Korea is simply a pawn on the great chess board of war and regardless of the propaganda from the Whitehouse and from China, these countries have been ARMING and TRAINING our enemies!!!
Untold thousands of AMERICAN troops have already been killed as a result and it's time to BOYCOTT China and EVERYTHING they make for the sake of our soldiers and for the sake of our economy!!
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Topic: Cross Domain Alias
Hello. I tried iRedOS and IRedMail (5.0 with the small update 5.01). LDAP installation.
I like to receive mail from two domains XXX.com and XXX.net into a single account.
How to ?
I tried groups, but don't work across domain.
Best regards
- Urgent issue? Pay iRedMail developer to solve it remotely at $39.


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10 Summer Craft Ideas and Garden Crafts for Summer
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Terry Towel Coverup and Matching Beach Pillow
By: Liz Johnson for Sew 4 Home
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Make this Terry Towel Cover Up and Matching Beach Pillow using your favorite beach towel and fun fabric! Just follow the tutorial and you'll see how easy this free sewing pattern really is. Not only will you create a coverup for the beach or pool, but the bag for this project can double as a beach pillow.
Estimated Cost: $11-$20
Time to complete: Weekend project
Primary Technique: Sewing
Difficulty Level: Easy
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"You never know how strong you are until being strong is your only choice. "
Around the World in 70 Days
In 1873, when Jules Verne wrote his famous novel about a race around the world, completing the journey in 80 days seemed impossible to many. Now, of course, you can make the trip a whole lot faster. Or, if you happen to be a pilot with your own airplane-or know someone who does and is willing-you can fly around the world at a leisurely pace, enjoy first-class accommodations and still get home 10 days quicker than Phileas Fogg. Florida-based Air Journey, in celebration of its 10th anniversary of organizing "fly-it-yourself" tours, plans to offer its first global excursion from May 18 to July 27, 2008.
Covering 24 countries, the journey will begin with a flight from the eastern U.S. to Europe by way of Greenland and Iceland. After stopping in Scotland, Paris and Gibraltar, the group will move on to Morocco, Malta, Libya, Egypt, Dubai and Turkey. It will then turn toward Asian destinations such as India, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. An extensive China stay will be followed by stops in Japan and Russia. Finally, the fliers will cross the Bering Strait; stop in Nome, Alaska; and visit Seattle and Jackson Hole, Wyo., before landing at Oshkosh, Wis., in time to attend AirVenture '08, a major annual event for recreational fliers.
Besides providing their own transportation, travelers will have to pay a $12,000 registration fee for each aircraft, plus $55,000 per passenger. Air Journey president Thierry Pouille-a third-generation pilot whose grandfather flew in France during World War I-said that covers luxury accommodations, fine dining and sightseeing excursions. With 12 aircraft, ranging from Socata TBM turboprops to Cessna Citation Mustang VLJs, already confirmed, Pouille said he's about to close the book on the 2008 World Tour, and begin accepting reservations for 2009. The organizers require participating aircraft to have a range of at least 1,000 nautical miles.
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Travel Notes: Sept. 30-Oct. 6
Beverly Lantern Tours BEVERLY, W.Va. -- Beverly Heritage Center introduces Lantern Tours Oct. 13 and 27 led by Beverly resident Karl Mulac and other docents in period costume. Lantern Tours will explore the darker side of Beverly's historic district. Tours will leave from the Beverly Heritage Center each evening at 7:30 p.m. and will last about an hour and a half. Tickets are $10 for adults, and $5 for Beverly Heritage Center members and children under 12. The Beverly Heritage Center is located in the center of Beverly, six miles south of Elkins. Off-season hours are Thursday through Monday 11 a.m. to 5 p.m., with other days and hours by appointment. For more information about the Beverly Heritage Center, call 304-637-7424 or visit www.beverlyheritagecenter.org. Candlelight Tour and Dinner PARKERSBURG, W.Va. -- Tickets are available for the annual candlelight tour of the reconstructed Blennerhassett Mansion on Blennerhassett Island on Oct. 12 and 13. Costumed re-enactors let visitors experience social life of 200 years ago when Harman and Margaret Blennerhassett built their mansion on the wilderness island in the Ohio River in 1800. Music, dance and card games of the era will be re-created. After debarking from the sternwheeler, hundreds of lanterns will light the gravel paths leading to the mansion. A harvest dinner will be served at the picnic pavilion and other food concessions will be offered, as will rides on horse-drawn wagons. Reservations are required for the boat trip and tour; $25 for adults, $17 for children. The harvest dinner is $15 for all ages, with reservations due by Oct. 4. Call 304-420-4800. The boat departs from the Blennerhassett Museum, Second and Juliana streets, on the half-hour from 6 to 8 p.m., and departs the island on the half-hour from 6:30 to 10:30 p.m. Seasonal change in photos THOMAS, W.Va. -- Joe Henry's photographic exhibit "Canaan Valley and Dolly Sods Fall Color: Seasonal and Weather Transitions" will be at Cottrill's Opera House in Thomas through Oct. 26. The photographs capture the rapidly moving weather fronts and weather changes that are so common to Dolly Sods and Canaan Valley. A collection of photos that depict the effect of season and weather transitions will be displayed at Cottrill's Opera House on Front Street in Thomas from Sept. 19 to Oct. 26. Much of the beauty observed at Dolly Sods and the Canaan Valley region occurs at boundaries between plant ecosystems, weather fronts and seasons. These photographs depict sequences that bring these changes to life and will emphasize fall colors. Joe Henry lives in Canaan Valley and has been photographing landscapes there for 30 years. Black Walnut Festival SPENCER, W.Va. -- The West Virginia Black Walnut Festival will run Oct. 11-14 in Spencer. Events include a parade, art and photo show, 4-H exhibits, high school band competition, quilt show, car show and a baking contest featuring black walnuts. Visit www.wvblackwalnutfestival.org. Reach Rosalie Earle at 304-348-5115 or email email@example.com with information to be included in Travel Notes.


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Detroit, MI (Sports Network) - This could be the last time Chicago and Detroit
meet in the playoffs for a while due to the new realignment plan. Thankfully,
they're making the most of it.
Behind to a three-goal third period, the Chicago Blackhawks posted a 4-3 win
over the Detroit Red Wings in Game 6 of this Western Conference semifinal.
Next season, these Original Six teams will be in separate conferences and this
series appeared to be in the bag for Detroit after a 2-0 win in Game 4 gave
the team a 3-1 lead in the series.
The Blackhawks, though, rebounded with a 4-1 win at home on Saturday and goals
from Michal Handzus, Bryan Bickell and Michael Frolik in the third period on
Monday forced a Game 7 that will take place in Chicago on Wednesday.
Marian Hossa also scored a goal for the Presidents' Trophy-winning Blackhawks,
who got 35 saves from Corey Crawford.
Damien Brunner, Patrick Eaves and Joakim Andersson each scored a goal for the
seventh-seeded Red Wings, who saw Jimmy Howard give up all four goals on 28
The Sports Network


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Digital Piano
Adjusting the key touch changes how key velocity triggers the piano's digital sounds. Key touch is an electronic setting; the physical weight of the keyboard itself doesn't change (i.e., the physical resistance your fingertip receives from the key). However, altering the key touch effectively changes the perceived playing "feel" of the keyboard.
Key touch settings:


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This is an absolutely exceptional T-Shirt from Punishment Athletics, very similar in style to the Affliction T-Shirts, but thankfully, nowhere near as expensive!
This awesome tee features a burgundy red mandarin print with silver foil detailing and Chinese dragon.
All this on a 4.5 ounce pre-shrunk slim fit T-Shirt that has been treated to an acid bath prior to printing, which has given it a super soft feel and has slightly bleached the seams of the garment.
- 100% Cotton T-Shirt
- 150gsm material weight
- Regular Fit
- Short Sleeve
- Crew Neck
- Acid Wash Distressing
- Water Based Screen Print
- Foil Highlights
- Made in the USA
We do our best to provide accurate sizing info for all items of MMA Clothing & Equipment that we sell at MMA Universe.
You can find our sizing information here
Should you be unable to find the information you need you can contact us at any time, we would be delighted to help you!
We do our best to ensure that our shipping prices are as fair and competitive as possible. We offer four tiers of delivery each with their own benefits and we offer free delivery options with orders of £50 or more.
If you place your order with us before 2pm GMT on Mon-Fri, we guarantee to ship your order the same day. Orders placed after this time may not be processed until the next available working day (but we'll do our best to get your order on it's way ASAP). Our typical delivery times are:
|United Kingdom:
|Within 48 Hours of shipping
|Within Europe:
|Within 5-7 Days of shipping
|Outside of Europe:
|Within 7-10 Days of shipping
MMA Universe have simple returns policy where if you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase, you can return it within 14 days of receiving it for any of the following:
- Exchange your purchase for another size or colour, or a new item entirely.
- Return your purchase for MMA Universe Store Credit.
- Return your purchase for a refund.
- Return your purchase for a replacement if it is damaged or faulty.
Items to be returned for exchange or refund must be unworn and in the original packaging, unless faulty, in which case please wash them first!You can find more information about our returns policy here


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For the third straight year, North Central College earns spot among The Princeton Review's top green colleges for its ongoing sustainability efforts.
For the third straight year, North Central College joins The Princeton Review's list of "greenest" colleges in North America for its ongoing commitment to sustainability.
The Princeton Review, in partnership with the U.S. Green Building Council, released its fourth annual "Guide to 322 Green Colleges: 2013 Edition." The book includes a list of standards for judging some 806 colleges, as well as descriptions of each college's environmentally conscious features.


text: I was just wondering if anyone ever worked out a trade for a person hunt on their land in one state for access to hunt on their land in another state? I was just wondering because I am heading to Region H in Wyoming in about a month and a half and was going to see if anyone would be interested in letting me hunt mule deer on their land and I would take them out pheasant hunting here in ND. I don't have any idea if this is even legal to do. Any thoughts??


text:
New minor league football team ready to hit Placer County
Good news, foothill football fans.
There's no reason to wait until the fall to catch some local pigskin action. A new team has formed in Placer County — and its season kicks off next week at Del Oro High School in Loomis.
The Delta Ducks, a newly formed minor league team in the Pacific Coast Football League, host the Central Coast Barnstormers Saturday, March 23 at Golden Eagle Stadium for a 5 p.m. showdown.
The team, which formed after the Placer County Bears and River City Gators merged, has dubbed its opener as Golden Eagle Appreciation Night. All Del Oro students, with a school ID, will get into the game for just $1.
Tickets for the contests cost $8 for those ages 13 and up and $6 for seniors and military members. Kids 12 and under get in free.
Defensive coordinator and co-owner Josh Bradley, who was the head coach when the Bears won a national title in 2010, said the Ducks are looking pretty good this season.
"They're definitely the most talented team I've ever been a part of," he said. "Our line is huge all the way across. Our defense looks solid and our QB is returning."
The team features a couple of Placer County high school products and Grant High's Syd'Quan Thompson, who played cornerback for the NFL's Denver Broncos in 2010.
"He's Shaq Thompson's brother," Bradley said, referring to another Grant star, who now plays football at the University of Washington. "(Syd) was drafted by the Denver Broncos, but had an Achilles injury. His agent told him to get some film. I'm sure he'll be going to a tryout this NFL season.
"He's most definitely one of our best players. His experience, the stuff he can do out there is amazing. He's one of the top players."
Locals on the team include free safety Chris Dupont (Granite Bay High), defensive lineman Brian Harrell (Roseville High) and linebacker Brandyn McCary (Nevada Union).
While none of the players get paid, they enjoy their time on the gridiron and it also gives them exposure.
Bradley said scouts for arena football, the Canadian Football League and college teams often visit practices looking for talent to bring to the next level.
"A lot of guys out there use this as a stepping stone," he said.
The Ducks, who just trimmed their roster from 96 players to 60, will be coached by Frankie Machado, a Lincoln High grad.
With the Bears and the Gators merging into one squad, Bradley believes the Ducks can compete against some of the better squads around.
"We definitely wanted to try and put together the most talented football team in the Sacramento area so we could compete at the national level even though Bears won a national title," he said.
After Saturday's home opener, the Ducks play two more consecutive 5 p.m. Saturday games before hitting the road. Technically, the Pacific Coast Football League's season starts on March 16, but the Ducks have a bye. The league schedule goes through June 1, with the Bears playing five road games and two more in Loomis on April 20 and May 4.
For more information on the Ducks, visit deltaducksfootball.com.
Reach Matthew Kimel at firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow him on Twitter@matthewkimel


text:
Failing Test on Willpower
May 1, 2013
A recent Rasmussen poll tells us that American voters have little confidence in our K-12 schools. A mere 18 percent believe that most high school graduates have the skills needed for college....
Budig a professional educator,a member of the current administrative view of education which he tells us is failing. I give him credit for acknowledging the influence. The Federal Gov pays only 8% of educating 55 million US students and yet bully the systems with PC issues constantly over textbooks, inclusion, what can be taught what cannot. What ravages American schools is the idea that it must function to the lowest level and not to the achievers. Schools are packed full of progressive social concepts, and students who don't want to be there and disrupt school or make it a fearful place must be catered too. Learning disabled must be "mainstreamed" to prevent labeling or stigma. So each day a teacher walks into a classroom with kids who want to learn and will not get that chance, while the teacher must teach down to those who don't want to learn and those who cannot learn in that system. It cannot work. Surprised?
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bad administration.take a look at your board offices.just worried about who gets the new car.
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text:
For our semi monthly Big Shop, today, we chose Fort Smith, Arkansas.
Fort Smith was where Mattie Ross met Rooster Cogburn in TRUE GRIT. . In the opinion of many, the book, by Charles Portis, is a modern American classic deserving of more 'literary' recognition than it's gotten.
The 1969-John Wayne movie version of True Grit was filmed in western Colorado … nothing really like our Ouachita mountains. The Coen brothers' version was filmed in south Texas … even worse. I have an opinion on which film was better … probably not the majority view.
At the Fort Smith National Historic Site, Judge Parker's (the 'Hanging Judge") courthouse is preserved as well as the gallows he used to bring order to the 'Territory' (Oklahoma).
The dreaded Californians continue to move into Fort Smith and its environs, escaping… Read more


text:
Hi Guys,
I'm new to Zimbra, and i would like to learn some skill from you all.
As tittle, I would like to export all user account and password under domainand import to my new server.Code:abc.com.my
Currently I had created the user account with default password by command:
Content inside CreateAccount.zmp is:Code:zmprov < CreateAccount.zmp
Can any of you explain me the step to export and import it? There was 100 user account andCode:createAccount email@example.com abc123 displayName abcadmin
password underand also 80 distribution list.Code:abc.com.my


text:
Cato's Timothy Lee's conflict of interest with regard to Aaron Swartz?
So, let's walk through this interesting defense-via-faint-damnation of Aaron Swartz by Timothy B Lee. Timothy B. Lee's article, summed up, is as follows: Aaron Swartz was right to hack into JSTOR and take all those articles without paying for them, but he went about being right very, very stupidly by physically breaking into things while stealing downloading other people's articles. [Somebody on Twitter made the | Read More »


text:
PVC storm cover for your smart stroller.
DefaultAUD29.00 In stock. Ships now
smart storm cover is HOT! because:
- venture out, whatever the weather!
- smart custom fit design for airflow & breathability
- waterproof - don't let the risk of rain stop you!
- dry & demist - fancy that!
- main seat coverage only
- compatible with your smart stroller only


text:
Hello Whathifi,
You make a distinction between wireless speakers and docks. I was wondering why you do this. I want to buy a wireless speaker and was looking at your best buy guide. Later on i noticed that the items under docks had the same kind of specs. So i believe you can combine then, not?
Another question, are there allso wireless speakers in sets (just like normal stereo speakers)? Why do they only sell the 'single' solution speakers?


text:
Night Out Against Crime highlights community policing efforts
ELKHART — "I thought about calling, but didn't ."
It's a line Elkhart city police hear too often from people when they are in the middle of investigating a crimes — be it a break-in, drug deal or even a case of suspected child abuse.
Officers hope to break down that invisible barrier nine days from today when they host the fourth annual Night out Against Crime at the downtown Civic Plaza Aug. 7.
The festival is multi-faceted, but the main hope is to encourage people to be more willing to contact and work with police.
Witnesses and bystanders who suspect something criminal is happening often mention their suspicions to police after the fact.
"We hear that a lot," said Sgt. Wayne Bias.
Police want to encourage people to contact authorities if they suspect something is wrong and should not feel as if they have to be certain about the circumstances to do so. Officers are willing to investigate even if the tips don't pan out, Bias said.
"We would be overjoyed with it," Bias said.
The festival begins at 4 p.m. and runs until 9 p.m., and is intended to benefit both adults and children.
The event will be spread across the Civic Plaza and Central Park.
More than 30 booths representing a wide variety of groups and agencies from across Elkhart County are already lined up to participate and organizers are still seeking more reservations.
For children, there will be games, food and drinks and they can get an up-close look at various types of emergency vehicles used by police.
Many of the booths will be geared toward updating adults on services that are available.
The National Night Out Against Crime began 29 years ago in an attempt to enhance community policing efforts and enlighten residents about the available services.
The evening is intended to be a fun and relaxing opportunity to meet with police and learn more about services, he said.
Bias said support from the business community has been strong, and as an example, pointed to donations from NIPSCO over the past two years to support the festival.
Representatives of the Elkhart County Sheriff's department as well as the county's emergency management office are expected to participate.
Personnel from the YWCA, Red Cross and numerous other agencies will attend, he said.
Groups or agencies interested in getting involved in the festival can call 295-7070, ext. 30 for more details.


text:
Sorry, We're Closed.
09 May 2009
My Trip to The Cove
Epsy (1811-1879) was the daughter of Williamson Mims, of Houston County, Georgia. [Grandpa, if you read this, Williamson was also the father of Ann. She was the wife of Littleton Peavy.] Moses Brown (1805-1870) was the son of John Brown and Jane Miller.
Moses and Epsy, along with four other Brown siblings and their families bought a lot of land in The Cove. Moses alone purchased over 500 acres. Moses's brother William owned at least that much, as well.
I didn't quite know what I would find (if anything) when I reached the area. My focal point was a marker the state of Georgia erected describing the area. I had an idea where it was located, and I was determined to find it.
I was so excited when we came across the marker. I pulled the car over and got out to take a picture. My guy (who was with me) was quick to ask, "Is this what we drove all this way for?" My response was a ramble about my ancestors and how it is a wonderful feeling to know you are possibly standing where they once stood over 150 years ago. The smell of honeysuckle was strong and the crape-myrtle were in full bloom. I was in Heaven!
This is what the marker said: "The Cove Gorges of the Flint - Pine Mountain to the south makes a complete loop forming a beautiful basin 4 miles in diameter known as "The Cove." It is joined on the south by Oak Mountain, another hard quartzite ridge. Flint River has avoided an easier course on either side and has chosen this spot where it had to cut through four ridges, instead of two, forming picturesque rocky gorges."
In short, once you're in the Cove, you are surrounded by mountains. It's quite beautiful. I offer the following few photos, though they do not do the scenery justice.
I found a couple of other descriptions of The Cove in the book Browne / Brown And It's Variant Spellings Family Genealogy and Ancestry: England to America, South Carolina to Georgia: Meriwether County -- Worth County -- Thomas County -- Georgia to Florida by Lanette Brown Hill Brightwell:
"THE COVE - Meriwether County, GA History:
There is only a couple of ways to get in or out by road. One is by Cove Road just south of Woodbury and the others are from Chalybeate Springs. The Cove was a valley that during prohibition was one of the largest producers of corn liquor. The biggest advantage was if anyone came into the Cove that no one knew, a shot would ring out by road watchers to warn all of the valley that a stranger had just entered the area."
"The Cove had bootlegged whiskey and fiddle playing, and had a great river valley. This is an impoverished land where people lived as sharecroppers on unmechanized farms, where planting, harvesting, and maintenance were done with the aid of mules and black field hands, who worked for a dollar and a half a day. The roads were unpaved, radio reception was poor and staticky, electricity was available on a very erratic basis, and most farms had no electrical appliances."
With these two descriptions in my head, I was expecting a much poorer area. That is not the case today. Much of the land we passed through was dominated by beef cattle farms. And most of the homeowners also appeared to be large landowners.
While explaining to my guy that I wanted to drive around and "see whatever there is to see," he responded with, "Well, there's a cemetery right there." Woo Hoo!
The Cove Baptist Church and cemetery was full of Brown descendants. While I did not find Epsy or Moses, I found many familiar family names. There were several Johns and Williams. Other surnames I know intertwine with the Browns included Bishop and Alford. I was quite confident when I exclaimed, "these people are kin!"
A short distance down the road was another family cemetery. More Browns and familiar names were found. I have a lot of research to do to find where they all fit.
As we continued our drive, we found several streets with familiar names: John Brown, Wesley Brown, and the like. On one road, where I was turning around, we passed an older gentlemen coming off the farmland in a pickup truck pulling a horse trailer. Only after did I see the street name was another 'Brown.' I wonder if he and I are related?
I didn't stumble upon a Brown Family Cemetery containing the graves of Moses and Epsy, and I don't think we ever reached the "picturesque" locations mentioned on the marker. But I know I drove and walked the same land walked upon by my ancestors, and that is a priceless memory. What a day. I won't soon forget it.
17 comments:
- Lanette Brightwell said...
Hello: Maybe we are related! This is Lanette [Brown] [Hill] Brightwell. The author of the Brown Family Data Book you mentioned. I loved your story above. I too, found so much beauty in The Cove. Please feel free to email me at: email@example.com I am still researching my David Brown from Meriweather Co. Ga. I initially thought I had found his father, but not positive now because some additional information made me re-think my data on David Brown. So, still researching the Brown family, just like you are. Lanette
- S. Lincecum said...
Hi, Lanette! Nice to meet you! :-) I have really only begun to research the Browns of the are of The Cove. I might just hit you up with some questions! Thanks so much for visiting my blog.
Hey ya'll, we may be related somehow or another. All of my family is from Meriweather Co. and we have done a fair amount of research on the Browns. John Glen Brown (burried in the Brown Cemetary, on John Brown Rd in the Cove) is my 3rd great-grandfather.
Moses Brown was John G. Brown's 3 great-grandfater, making him my 6th great-grandfather! That's as far back as I have found. The Brown's have many ties with the Alfords, Wrights and Owens family. There's a lot of history in the area!
If any of you find any information on Moses, please contact me at email@example.com
Take care, Zach Cole
you missed the Moses Brown Cemetery, I take it....if so, then you missed some more info. You have locals still living in the Cove that would have been great help
- S. Lincecum said...
Yes, I did miss the Moses Brown Cemetery. Hopefully, I'll be able to return one day and find it.
- Romy Tuggle said...
Oh my gosh--these are MY ancestors!!! Moses and Epsy are my gr-gr-gr-gr grandparents! Moses Brown to Monroe Williamson Brown to Epsy Ann Brown to Mary Elizabeth Waddell to Howard Showalter Bishop to Bernard Bishop to ME!
- S. Lincecum said...
Well, then we must be kin! Nice to meet you! :-)
We're all cousins. Those Meriwether Browns were prolific. Like a lot of Browns, I'm twice Brown. Moses & Epsy, and also Moses' brother James & Lucinda are my ggg grand parents. I also made the pilgrimage to the the cove in the 1970's, talked to some of the old people there, saw some of the family bibles, and found the graves of James and Lucinda, but not Moses. I have some family history here http://www.hatchetts.com/hatchett/GGtextPC.html but haven't had time to put all I have on the website. The cove is beautiful. I hope to visit again sometime, but it's an awful lot further for me.
Hi, my husband is a descendent of William Matthew Brown who was killed in the civil war. His son, William Jefferson Brown was born Nov. 21, 1861, came to Union Parish, La. in the late 1800's. He married Mary Rebecca Simmons in Union Parish on Jan. 20, 1892. He had a brother they called "Tobe". We don't know what happened to him. Help, please. Margie H. Brown
I have a inquiry for the webmaster/admin here at lincecumlineage.blogspot.com.
May I use some of the information from this post above if I give a backlink back to this site?
- S. Lincecum said...
What exactly are you wanting to use, John? And where exactly are you wanting to post it? My email address is in the footer of this page, if you would like to contact me directly.
So nice to see and read a little bit about the cove! My grandmother was born in the county and has been sharing stories with my about growing up here, along the flint river. Our family name is Waddell, her mother and father were in the area from the early 1890's through the 1940's. We are planning a trip this summer, can't wait to see the area first hand.
Hey - I am certainly happy to find this. great job!
- bam said...
I am also related to Moses M and Epsy Mims Brown. They are my 3rd great grandparents. Thanks for posting this info.
Bambi Brown
Houston Texas
I'm Judy Valentine my grandmother Sallie Brown Carroll was from Oakfield Ga.,born april 20 1894 died jan.1959 buried at Red Oak cematery,had 2 brothers David & Spencer. She married Cliff Carroll.If you are fimilar with her I would like to know. My e-mail address is email@example.com
I have just started to research. so any imfo. would be appreciated. Judy
Thank you for the excellent posts
- Janice Byers said...
Brown family research is ongoing. Recently traced some back to1656 england. Would love to share it. Janice Brown Byers,, warm springs ga


text:
Lake Tahoe, NV (Sports Network) - Defending champion Dan Quinn won his fifth
title at the American Century Championship at Edgewater Tahoe Golf Course last
year, but he shared the spotlight during the week with professional golfer and
friend Ernie Els, for whom he caddies part-time on the PGA Tour.
Els won the 2012 British Open several hours before Quinn, a former NHL star,
held off former quarterback Mark Rypien, 66-60, in a Stableford scoring system
that awards graduated points for pars or better.
"My game's a little bit better than last year," said Quinn, who arrived in
Tahoe early in the week in order to get adjusted to the time difference. "I
didn't play real well last year, but I just ended up winning because I putted
well on Sunday."
Another favorite in the field is actor/singer Jack Wagner, who won the 2011
Wagner is one of four golfers who have played in all previous 23 events. The
others are former NFL quarterbacks John Elway and Jim McMahon, and former
hockey player, Mike Eruzione.
There are 14 celebrity newcomers to the event, including 18-time Olympic gold
medal swimmer Michael Phelps. But, the all-time favorite celebrity playing on
the 6,875-yard layout is Charles Barkley, who has played all but one year
since 1993.
The Sports Network


text:
Mount for 100mm F/9 refractor
Posted 08 January 2013 - 10:55 AM
Lately though, the amount of vibration resulting from focusing or nudging the scope to track an object (especially at high power) is driving me crazy. Also, that is typically the scope I break out for non-astronomer guests. Then those issues are even more pronounced. I have to constantly kick people off the eyepiece in order to readjust. Guests also accidentally touch the OTA or whatever and cause many seconds of vibration, which ruins the experience a bit.
Would you all recommend one of the lighter EQ mounts? Perhaps some sort of fancier alt-az mount with gears? I need it to be light enough that lugging it out of the house for 30 minutes does not seem like a huge chore. However, I also need to minimize or eliminate vibration, either through an EQ system or with some sort of gears, etc.
So, thoughts? Thanks for the help.
Posted 08 January 2013 - 11:01 AM
Posted 08 January 2013 - 02:25 PM
Posted 08 January 2013 - 04:05 PM
Posted 08 January 2013 - 04:21 PM
Attached Files
Posted 08 January 2013 - 06:46 PM
Posted 08 January 2013 - 07:51 PM
Posted 09 January 2013 - 01:13 PM
Attached Files
Posted 09 January 2013 - 01:17 PM
CG5 works good...
I think the CG5 does not meet my portability criteria. I also like how the "poor" student recommended the most expensive mount of the bunch.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 03:52 PM
Don't laugh too hard at my home made tripod but I have an ED100 that came on a mostly unusable AZ3. I did away with the extruded aluminium legs and replaced with fixed wooden ones. Only a tiny bit heavier but it did turn a useless mount into an enjoyable one. The altitude worm gear still has some backlash but the mount does not jiggle when focussing or slewing.
To me that looks very nice. Maybe add some varnish that matches the tint of your window sills and it could just remain there when not in use and totally fit the decor.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 05:42 PM
Posted 09 January 2013 - 10:56 PM
People seem to charge a premium for Vixen Polaris because they are "out-of-print" these days. For the price of a VP I could get a Skyview Pro (on sale), which seems the better deal except that it is a bit less portable.


text: I got a chance to shoot one last night. It was very fast. I was very impressed by how smooth and easy the draw cycle was. Just one problem. The back wall was not very good. Personally I would not spend the $1,300 some dealers are going to ask. Anyone else shot one?


text:
Winston-Salem, NC -- Two unfinished projects in the Triad are still in limbo today.
McNair Elementary in Guilford County and Fire Station No. 19 are still on hold after Farley and Associates was removed from the projects.
Guilford County Schools says it has signed a takeover agreement and sent it back to the bonding company Hartford, but it has not signed it yet.
Once the agreement is signed, it will mean the bonding company is taking over the McNair Elementary project, and it will assign a contractor.
J.E. Dunn is likely the contractor. The company has been on site at McNair for two days.
Guilford County Schools says it will be two weeks before they hear the recommendations, assessments and new proposed timeline and schedule for project completion.
And in Winston-Salem, the City and Hartford are working to find a construction company to finish the fire station.
City leaders say they are working with Hartford today on an agreement to ge the project done. They say Hartford has a construction company in mind to finish building the fire station, but they haven't announced a decision yet.
WFMY News 2


text:
Stansport 2-Burner Propane Stove - 10,000 BTUs
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Very light and compact. Works great!! Im so impressed with this stove that I've bought 17 of them to give as gifts to all of my camping buddies!.
- What Is Your Gear Style:
- Comfort Driven


text:
Republic of Austria
Area: 83,857 sq. km. (32,377 sq. mi.); slightly smaller than Maine.
Cities: Capital--Vienna (2003 pop. 1.5 million). Other cities--Graz, Linz, Salzburg, Innsbruck, Klagenfurt.
Terrain: Alpine (64%), northern highlands that form part of the Bohemian Massif (10%), lowlands to the east (26%).
Climate: Continental temperate.
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Austrian(s).
Population (2003): 8,032,926.
Annual growth rate (2002): 0.22%.
Ethnic groups: Germans 98%, Croats, Slovenes; other recognized minorities include Hungarians, Czechs, Slovaks, and Roma.
Religions: Roman Catholic 73.6%, Lutheran 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%, other 5.5, no confession 12.0%.
Language: German 92%.
Education: Years compulsory--9. Attendance--99%. Literacy--98%.
Health (2003): Infant mortality rate--4.2 deaths/1,000. Life expectancy--men 75.9 years, women 81.7 years.
Work force (2002, 3.8 million): Services--67%; agriculture and forestry--4%, industry--29%.
Type: Parliamentary democracy.
Constitution: 1920; revised 1929 (reinstated May 1, 1945).
Branches: Executive--federal president (chief of state), chancellor (head of government), cabinet. Legislative--bicameral Federal Assembly (Parliament). Judicial--Constitutional Court, Administrative Court, Supreme Court.
Political parties: Social Democratic Party, People's Party, Freedom Party, Greens, Liberal Forum.
Suffrage: Universal over 18.
Administrative subdivisions: Nine Laender (federal states).
Defense (2002): 0.8% of GDP.
GDP (2003): $250 billion.
Real GDP growth rate (2003): 0.7%.
Per capita income (2002): $25,320.
Natural resources: Iron ore, crude oil, natural gas, timber, tungsten, magnesite, lignite, cement.
Agriculture (2% of 2002 GDP): Products--livestock, forest products, grains, sugarbeets, potatoes.
Industry (29% of 2002 GDP): Types--iron and steel, chemicals, capital equipment, consumer goods.
Services: 69% of 2002 GDP.
Trade (2002): Exports--$77 billion: iron and steel products, timber, paper, textiles, electrotechnical machinery, chemical products. Imports--$77 billion: machinery, vehicles, chemicals, iron and steel, metal goods, fuels, raw materials, foodstuffs. Principal trade partners--European Union, U.S., Switzerland, and Hungary.
Austrians are a homogeneous people; 92% are native German speakers. Only two numerically significant minority groups exist—15,000 Slovenes in Carinthia (south central Austria) and about 17,000 Croats in Burgenland (on the Hungarian border). The Slovenes form a closely-knit community. Their rights as well as those of the Croats are protected by law and generally respected in practice. The present boundaries of Austria, once the center of the Habsburg Empire that constituted the second-largest state in Europe, were established in accordance with the Treaty of St. Germain in 1919. Some Austrians, particularly near Vienna, still have relatives in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. About 74% of all Austrians are Roman Catholic. The church abstains from political activity. Small Lutheran minorities are located mainly in Vienna, Carinthia, and Burgenland.
The Austro-Hungarian Empire played a decisive role in central European history. It occupied strategic territory containing the southeastern routes to western Europe and the north-south routes between Germany and Italy. Present-day Austria retains this unique position.
Soon after the Republic of Austria was created at the end of World War I, it faced the strains of catastrophic inflation and of adapting a large government structure to the needs of a new, smaller republic. In the early 1930s, worldwide depression and unemployment added to these strains and shattered traditional Austrian society. In 1933, Engelbert Dollfuss formed a conservative autocracy. In February 1934, civil war broke out, and the Socialist Party was outlawed. In July, a coup d'etat by the National Socialists failed, but Nazis assassinated Dollfuss. In March 1938, Germany occupied Austria and incorporated it into the German Reich. This development is commonly known as the "Anschluss" (annexation).
At the Moscow conference in 1943, the Allies declared their intention to liberate and reconstitute Austria. In April 1945, both Eastern- and Western-front Allied forces liberated the country. Subsequently, the victorious allies divided Austria into zones of occupation similar to those in Germany with a four-power administration of Vienna. Under the 1945 Potsdam agreements, the Soviets took control of German assets in their zone of occupation. These included 7% of Austria's manufacturing plants, 95% of its oil resources, and about 80% of its refinery capacity. The properties returned to Austria under the Austrian State Treaty. This treaty, signed in Vienna on May 15, 1955, came into effect on July 27, and, under its provisions, all occupation forces departed by October 25, 1955. Austria became free and independent for the first time since 1938.
The Austrian president convenes and concludes parliamentary sessions and under certain conditions can dissolve Parliament. However, no Austrian president has dissolved Parliament in the Second Republic. The custom is for Parliament to call for new elections if needed. The president requests a party leader, usually the leader of the strongest party, to form a government. Upon the recommendation of the Federal Chancellor, the president also appoints cabinet ministers.
The Federal Assembly (Parliament) consists of two houses--the National Council (Nationalrat), or lower house, and the Federal Council (Bundesrat), or upper house. Legislative authority resides in the National Council upon elections. Its 183 members serve for a maximum 4-year term in a three-tiered system, based on proportional representation. The National Council may dissolve itself by a simple majority vote or the president may dissolve it on the recommendation of the Chancellor. The 62 members of the Federal Council are elected by the legislatures of the nine states for 5- to 6-year terms. The Federal Council only reviews legislation passed by the National Council and can delay but not veto its enactment.
The highest courts of Austria's independent judiciary are the Constitutional Court; the Administrative Court, which handles bureaucratic disputes; and the Supreme Court, for civil and criminal cases. While the Supreme Court is the court of highest instance for the judiciary, the Administrative Court acts as the supervisory body over government administrative acts of the executive branch, and the Constitutional Court presides over constitutional issues. Justices of the three courts are appointed by the president for specific terms.
The legislatures of Austria's nine Laender (states) elect the governors. Although most authority, including that of the police, rests with the federal government, the states have considerable responsibility for welfare matters and local administration. Strong state and local loyalties have roots in tradition and history.
Principal Government Officials
Federal President--Heinz Fischer
Federal Chancellor--Wolfgang Schuessel
Vice Chancelor--Hubert Gorbach
Foreign Minister--Ursula Plassnik
Ambassador to the United States--Eva Nowotny
Ambassador to the United Nations--Gerhard Pfanzelter
Austria maintains an embassy in the United States at 3524 International Court, NW, Washington, DC 20008 (tel. 202-895-6700). Consulates General are in New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles, and honorary consulates are in Anchorage, Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Charlotte, Columbus, Denver, Detroit, Honolulu, Houston, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Miami, Milwaukee, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, Richmond, St. Paul, St. Louis, St. Thomas, Salt Lake City, San Francisco, San Juan, and Seattle.
Since World War II, Austria has enjoyed political stability. A Socialist elder statesman, Dr. Karl Renner, organized an Austrian administration in the aftermath of the war, and the country held general elections in November 1945. All three major parties - the conservative People's Party (OVP), the Socialists (later Social Democratic party or SPO), and Communists - governed until 1947, when the Communists left the government. The OVP then led a governing coalition with the SPO that governed until 1966.
Between 1970 and 1999, the SPO governed the country either alone or with junior coalition partners. In 1999, the OVP formed a coalition with the right wing, populist Freedom Party (FPO). The SPO, which was the strongest party in the 1999 elections, and the Greens formed the opposition. The FPO had gained support because of populist tactics, and many feared it would represent right wing extremism. As a result, the European Union (EU) imposed a series of sanctions on Austria. The U.S. and Israel, as well as various other countries, also reduced contacts with the Austrian Government. After a period of close observation, the EU lifted sanctions, and the U.S. revised its contacts policy. Following 2002 elections, the OVP in February 2003 renewed its coalition with the FPO.
The Social Democratic Party traditionally draws its constituency from blue- and white-collar workers. Accordingly, much of its strength lies in urban and industrialized areas. In the 2002 national elections, it garnered 36.5% of the vote. The SPO in the past advocated heavy state involvement in Austria's key industries, the extension of social security benefits, and a full-employment policy. Beginning in the mid-1980s, it shifted its focus to free market-oriented economic policies, balancing the federal budget, and European Union membership.
The People's Party advocates conservative financial policies and privatization of much of Austria's nationalized industry. It finds support from farmers, large and small business owners, and some lay Catholic groups, mostly in the rural regions of Austria. In 2002, it received 42.3% of the vote. The rightist Freedom Party traditionally had a base in classic European liberalism. However, a mixture of populism and anti-establishment themes steadily gained support in recent years. It attracted about 27% of the vote in the 1999 elections, but only 10% of the vote in 2002. The Liberal Forum, founded on libertarian ideals, split from the Freedom Movement in February 1993. It received 3.7% of the vote in the 1999 election and thus failed to enter the national legislature. The Greens, a left-of-center party focusing on environmental issues, received 9.5% of the national vote in 2002.
Austria has a well-developed social market economy with a high standard of living in which the government has played an important role. The government nationalized many of the country's largest firms in the early post-war period to protect them from Soviet takeover as war reparations. For many years, the government and its state-owned industries conglomerate played a very important role in the Austrian economy. However, starting in the early 1990s, the group broke apart, state-owned firms started to operate largely as private businesses, and the government wholly or partially privatized many of these firms. Although the government's privatization work in past years has been very successful, it still operates some firms, state monopolies, utilities, and services. The new government has presented an ambitious privatization program, which, if implemented, will considerably reduce government participation in the economy. Austria enjoys well-developed industry, banking, transportation, services, and commercial facilities.
Some industries, such as several iron and steel works and chemical plants, are large industrial enterprises employing thousands of people. However, most industrial and commercial enterprises in Austria are relatively small on an international scale.
Austria has a strong labor movement. The Austrian Trade Union Federation (OGB) comprises constituent unions with a total membership of about 1.5 million--more than half the country's wage and salary earners. Since 1945, the OGB has pursued a moderate, consensus-oriented wage policy, cooperating with industry, agriculture, and the government on a broad range of social and economic issues in what is known as Austria's "social partnership." The OGB has announced opposition to the new government's program for budget consolidation, social reform, and improving the business climate, and indications are rising that Austria's peaceful social climate could become more confrontational.
Austrian farms, like those of other west European mountainous countries, are small and fragmented, and production is relatively expensive. Since Austria became a member of the EU in 1995, the Austrian agricultural sector has been undergoing substantial reform under the EU's common agricultural policy (CAP). Although Austrian farmers provide about 80% of domestic food requirements, the agricultural contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) has declined since 1950 to about 2%.
Austria has achieved sustained economic growth. During the 1950s, the average annual growth rate was more than 5% in real terms and averaged about 4.5% through most of the 1960s. In the second half of the 1970s, the annual average growth rate was 3% in real terms, though it averaged only about 1.5% through the first half of the 1980s before rebounding to an average of 3.2% in the second half of the 1980s. At 2%, growth was weaker again in the first half of the 1990s, but averaged 2.5% again in the period 1997 to 2001. After real GDP growth of 1.4% in 2002, predictions are for the economy to grow 0.7% in 2003 and 1.4-2.1% in 2004.
Austria became a member of the EU on January 1, 1995. Membership brought economic benefits and challenges and has drawn an influx of foreign investors. Austria also has made progress in generally increasing its international competitiveness. As a member of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), Austria has integrated its economy with those of other EU member countries, especially with Germany's. On January 1, 1999, Austria introduced the new Euro currency for accounting purposes.
In January 2002, Austria introduced Euro notes and coins in place of the Austrian schilling. Economists agree that the economic effects in Austria of using a common currency with the rest of the members of the Euro-zone have been positive.
Trade with other EU countries accounts for about 63% of Austrian imports and exports. Expanding trade and investment in the emerging markets of central and eastern Europe is a major element of Austrian economic activity. Trade with these countries accounts for almost 14% of Austrian imports and exports, and Austrian firms have sizable investments in and continue to move labor-intensive, low-tech production to these countries. Although the big investment boom has waned, Austria still has the potential to attract EU firms seeking convenient access to these developing markets.
Total trade with the United States in 2002 reached $7.2 billion. Imports from the United States amounted to $3.5 billion, constituting a U.S. market share in Austria of 4.8%. Austrian exports to the United States in 2002 were $3.8 billion, or 5.2% of total Austrian exports.
The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. In October 1955, the Federal Assembly passed a constitutional law in which "Austria declares of her own free will her perpetual neutrality." The second section of this law stated that "in all future times Austria will not join any military alliances and will not permit the establishment of any foreign military bases on her territory." The date on which this provision passed—October 26—became Austria's National Day. From then, Austria shaped its foreign policy on the basis of neutrality.
In recent years, however, Austria began to reassess its definition of neutrality, granting overflight rights for the UN-sanctioned action against Iraq in 1991, and, since 1995, contemplating participation in the EU's evolving security structure. Also in 1995, it joined the Partnership for Peace with NATO, and subsequently participated in peacekeeping missions in Bosnia.
Austrian leaders emphasize the unique role the country plays both as an East-West hub and as a moderator between industrialized and developing countries. Austria is active in the United Nations and experienced in UN peacekeeping efforts. It attaches great importance to participation in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and other international economic organizations, and it has played an active role in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).
Vienna hosts the Secretariat of the OSCE and the headquarters of the International Atomic Energy Agency, the UN Industrial Development Organization, and the UN Drug Control Program. Other international organizations in Vienna include the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization, and the Wassenaar Arrangement (a technology-transfer control agency).
Austria traditionally has been active in "bridge-building to the east," increasing contacts at all levels with eastern Europe and the states of the former Soviet Union. Austrians maintain a constant exchange of business representatives, political leaders, students, cultural groups, and tourists with the countries of central and eastern Europe. Austrian companies are active in investing and trading with those countries as well. In addition, the Austrian Government and various Austrian organizations provide assistance and training to support the changes underway in the region.
Austria's political leaders and people recognize and appreciate the essential role the U.S. played in the country's reconstruction and in the Austrian State Treaty. It is in the interest of the U.S. to maintain and strengthen these strong relations and to maintain Austria's political and economic stability.
Principal U.S. Officials
Ambassador--Lyons Brown, Jr.
Deputy Chief of Mission--Carol van Voorst
Counselor for Economic and Political Affairs--Gregory E. Phillips
Counselor for Public Affairs (USIS)--William H. Wanlund
Counselor for Commercial Affairs--Catherine Houghton
Counselor for Management Affairs--W. Douglas Frank
Counselor for Agricultural Affairs--Quintin Gray
Consul General--Charisse Phillips
Defense and Army Attache--Col. Scott Salyers
Consular Agent in Salzburg--Jeanie Mayer
The U.S. Embassy in Austria is located at Boltzmanngasse 16, Vienna 1091, tel. (43) (1) 313-39 (after office hours: (43) (1) 319-5523). The U.S. Consular Agency in Salzburg is located at Alte Markt 1, 5020 Salzburg, tel. (43) (662) 848-776.
For the most current version of this Note, see Background Notes A-Z.
Short URL: http://m.state.gov/md40521.htm


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Power Steering Kits for Vintage and Custom FordsWritten by on February 12, 2004 Contributors: Gary Robinson, Frank and Theresa Simon Better Steering for '50s and '60s Fords
Cars from the '50s and '60s are cool. Unfortunately, the same can't always be said about the components from which they're built. Granted, with independent front suspensions and overhead-valve V-8s, mid-century cruisers make their '30s and '40s brethren look positively primitive by comparison. There's still plenty of room for improvement, however.
Thankfully, innovative rodders and the street rod aftermarket have made it simple to upgrade a variety of '50s and '60s cars with parts like disc brakes, dropped spindles, and custom springs. Better steering, on the other hand, has remained an elusive goal for many of those outside the popular Chevy realm. That situation is slowly starting to change.
A perfect example is the power steering conversion kits available from Gearheads Cruiser Products for '49-64 fullsize Fords and Mercs and '55-64 T-birds. The Gearheads conversion utilizes the popular Saginaw 605 box, a fully integrated worm-and-sector-style power gearbox found in midsize GM vehicles from the '70s and '80s. The same box has been the basis for Tri-Five Chevy power steering conversions for decades.
All Gearheads boxes are completely rebuilt and modified for their intended application. This includes the addition of a flame-cut bracket that allows the box to bolt in the stock location on most applications ('49-51 Fords and Mercs need to have mounting holes drilled in the frame). The supplied Pitman arm lets you use your car's original manual-steering drag link assembly. In most instances you can even keep your stock column and shifter if you'd like.
Power steering isn't the only benefit, though. The conversion also provides a quicker turning ratio, cutting the lock-to-lock effort down from 5.5-turns to 3.5, without compromising the car's turning radius. The box also offers a little more exhaust manifold clearance, which can be a big plus for engine swaps, headers, and other considerations.
The Gearheads folks sent us a few photos that provide a rough idea of how everything works and fits. You'll also be happy to know that the company offers power steering pumps and brackets for most Ford engines. On top of that, Gearheads offers a variety of engine mounts, disc brake conversions, and other cool parts to make your fine '50s Ford a lot more fun to drive.
More Photos From This Article View Slideshow
One look at John Robinson's '57 wagon should serve as proof of how good '50s Fords can look with a little effort.Setting up such a cruiser with reliable power steering, however, has traditionally been more of a challenge. It's much easier now thanks to conversion kits available from Gearheads Cruiser Products.A side-by-side comparison of the original "armstrong" steering box (left) and the Gearheads 605 power box shows similar size and configuration. The Gearheads box is not just an off-the-shelf Saginaw 605, though. It's got a longer Pitman shaft, the lower portion of the housing (including the mounting bracket) is new, and the entire gearbox is completely rebuilt using better-than-original seals, bearings, and bushings.The messy part comes first--removing the crusty, greasy old stuff. You'll want to break the Pitman arm free from the drag link before removing the three bolts holding the steering box to the frame.The steering wheel will also need to be pulled. The steering shaft and box are one unit on '60-and-earlier cars, so they'll have to come out together. It's usually easiest to pull everything out through the access panels in the floor.Believe it or not, the easiest part of the install is bolting up the new steering box. It mounts in the stock location on most applications--on '49-51 models a template shows you where to drill new holes in the frame.The supplied Pitman arm is designed to attach to a stock manual steering drag link (again, '49-51 Fords are the exception, requiring a new drag link assembly from Gearheads).The fit of the new box is similar to the original. It's shown here with a big-block in a '59 Ford, and as you can see, there's ample clearance.If you're retaining the stock column, you'll need to cut the steering shaft free from the original box (the kit instructions indicate the proper length), or you can get a new shaft from Gearheads if you'd rather not hack your original. You'll also need to grind or machine the shaft to a Double-D shape to accept the rag joint coupler. Pre-'58 Fords have hollow shafts which should be replaced with new solid ones.
The column mast, or tube, also needs to be trimmed slightly, and four relief cuts need to be made so it will accept the new end bearing that comes with the kit. Aftermarket tilt columns from companies like ididit and Flaming River can also be used with the kit.The column and shaft are reassembled like so. The automatic shift lever at the bottom of the column will need to be stepped for proper clearance.Reinstalling the column is pretty self-explanatory. The rag joint coupler attaches to the steering box, and the column is bolted to the dash using original hardware.Chances are good that the original rubber seal underneath the access plates has deteriorated. It's pretty simple to make a replacement using sheet rubber or an old inner tube.This lower column bracket is also available from Gearheads, or they'll give you instructions on how to make your own. The access plate screws can be used to anchor it to the floor.


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Brushed with Light: American Landscape Watercolors from the Collection
Brushed with Light: American Landscape Watercolors from the Collection presents a selection of eighty American landscapes from the Museum's extensive and highly regarded collection of American watercolors. Three distinct but interconnected stories in the history of American art and culture can be traced in this exhibition: the rise of landscape painting and its link to a national identity; the flowering of watercolor; and the growth of the Brooklyn Museum's exceptional collection.
The arts of landscape and watercolor debuted and matured in tandem in the United States. As the idea of American landscape became more complex and varied from the late eighteenth to the mid-twentieth century, so too was American landscape imagery transformed—from the documentary to the evocative, and on to the abstract and newly realistic. Watercolor practice also evolved, as artists mastered and moved beyond painstakingly detailed execution toward the freedom of Impressionist-inspired styles and modernist innovation. The status of watercolor simultaneously shifted from being a medium associated with illustrators and amateurs to one fully embraced by leading artists.
The Brooklyn Museum acquired its first American watercolor in 1906 and went on to lead institutional collecting in the field for much of the twentieth century. Seminal purchases of caches by John Singer Sargent (European subjects that fall outside the parameters of this exhibition) and Winslow Homer were made in 1909 and 1912, respectively. The groundbreaking 1921 Exhibition of Water Color Paintings by American Artists launched a series of biennial exhibitions that ran until 1963, providing the opportunity for forty years of purchases (works that were purchased from biennials are noted here by the symbol on the object labels). Throughout recent decades, purchases and gifts have continued to enhance the collection.
Brushed with Light extends an invitation to experience the vibrant and luminous effects that have long drawn artists and viewers to watercolor. Rendered with a combination of expertise and intuition, the watercolors on display are rather intimate works that draw us close to consider the descriptive powers of their transparent washes, the vivid clarity of their colors, and the light that seems to emanate from within them.
Teresa A. Carbone, Andrew W. Mellon Curator of American Art
Karen Sherry, Assistant Curator of American Art
A Closer Look
Mid-Nineteenth-Century Nature Studies
Attitudes toward watercolor began to change dramatically in the United States in the late 1850s. A major catalyst was the 1857 Exhibition of English Art, which traveled to several American cities and included works by leading British watercolorists. This momentous exhibition heightened the visibility of watercolor as a fine art (rather than a reproductive or amateur one) and inspired American painters in oil to experiment with the medium. Newly formed professional organizations—most notably the American Watercolor Society (first established as the American Society of Painters in Water Colors in 1866)—provided members with exhibition opportunities and generated enthusiasm for their efforts among critics, patrons, and the public. By the late 1860s, the so-called American Watercolor Movement was under way.
One artists' group devoted to both watercolor and landscape subjects was the Association for the Advancement of Truth in Art (also known as the American Pre-Raphaelites), organized in 1863. Like the British Pre-Raphaelites, these artists embraced the theories of the critic and writer John Ruskin (1819–1900), whose espousal of absolute truth to nature as the underpinning of edifying art led his followers to depict the natural world with painstaking exactitude. The American Pre-Raphaelites in turn influenced less-doctrinaire colleagues to record landscapes in more precise detail.
Surveying the Scene
The Debut of American Landscape Watercolors
During the colonial period, watercolor performed an important role in familiarizing European settlers and visitors with the American landscape. Some of the earliest practitioners active in North America were trained draftsmen who used this easily portable medium to document the terrain for colonial governments.
About 1800 American landscape imagery gradually began to be reshaped, with a transition away from panoramic topographical views to scenes formulated according to British theories of the Picturesque. In this mode, artists sketched natural motifs in situ, and subsequently recombined individual elements into ideal "compositions," based on the lines and tonal patterns of seventeenth-century classical landscape paintings.
The leaders of the Picturesque landscape movement in antebellum America worked largely in watercolor, considered an artistic practice distinct from oil painting. Many of these artists collaborated with printmakers to reproduce their scenic views in books or portfolios. Such reproductions significantly advanced the broad popularity of landscape imagery—a phenomenon that coincided with the rise of the Hudson River School of landscape painting.
Capturing Light
Impressions in Watercolor
Led by innovators like Winslow Homer and the American Impressionists, American watercolorists broke new ground beginning in the 1880s as they began to explore and exploit the potential of this essentially liquid medium. Many of these artists were members of a younger generation that had been exposed to progressive realist styles during study in Europe. Accustomed to working outdoors (en plein air) and committed to an aesthetic of spontaneity, these painters employed a new freedom of approach in their watercolor practice, recording immediate visual impressions with lively strokes of pure, bright color.
As never before, the primary subject of their work became natural light—the way it flickers across landscape forms and changes with shifting weather conditions. The transparency of watercolor washes proved especially well suited to this new concern. Most painters diminished the degree of pencil work that had formerly preceded putting brush to paper, demonstrating a more exuberant directness and a determination to exceed the limits of traditional watercolor techniques.
Modernist Visions in Watercolor
In the early twentieth century, watercolor practice in the United States took divergent paths. While a significant number of painters continued to employ Impressionist techniques that suggested visual immediacy, modernists began to experiment with abstract modes that referred, analytically or intuitively, to the formal structures or essences of their landscape subjects. Watercolor provided an opportunity to create abstractions in which bare paper played as vital a role as the dynamic components of fragmented forms. Some leading American modernists, including John Marin and Charles Demuth, were known primarily for their watercolors, in which they employed transparent washes to enhance the spatial play and animation of partial forms. Transcendent modernist landscape watercolors led many critics to suggest that this first American artistic avant garde achieved its greatest originality in the watercolor medium.
New American Scenery
For the artists associated with the American Scene movement, which emerged in the 1920s, the art of watercolor, long regarded as a practice accessible to all, seemed a perfect complement to their new democracy of vision. Rejecting most nineteenth-century modes of landscape composition as well as modernist ideas and devices, they privileged unvarnished typical American subjects and recorded them with a new and deliberate informality and an exaggerated sense of plainness that could verge on caricature. Drawn to rural regions and the dated forms of small-town settings, artists known as Regionalists sought to embody an essential simplicity that was at times deceptive, given the skill required to describe it. Edward Hopper executed some of the most notable twentieth-century American watercolors, distinguished by a new directness and clarity of vision.


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Taking place once every four years, the IUCN Congress is the world's largest and most important conservation event. It brings together government leaders, NGOs and top professionals from all regions with a variety of on-the-ground expertise. The Congress is the birthplace of ground-breaking environmental conventions, scientific discoveries and global initiatives.
This year's Congress theme is Nature+, which captures the fundamental importance of nature and its inherent link to every aspect of our lives. Strengthening the robustness of nature will help ecosystems be more resilient, improving the health of people, communities and economies. Nature+ is all about sharing knowledge on how our natural environment should be managed for the continued wellbeing of humanity and all life on Earth.


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Patrolman Greg Baron said the scenario unfolded at about 4:51 p.m. Tuesday, Oct. 23, when Tessie Rugar noticed two boys breaking through a fence at the old Madderra-Flournoy Elementary School at the corner of Lott and Tyler streets.
"They had a hammer with them," Baron said of the two 10-year-olds. They had already broken through the fence and gotten into the school compound when Rugar picked up the phone and called the police department.
"She had training," Baron said, noting that all members of local neighborhood watch programs are taught how to report a suspicious incident.
Rugar did not just call in the report and hang up the phone. Baron said she stayed on the line and kept up the communication between herself and the police department dispatcher, just as she had been trained. The dispatcher then maintained contact with the patrolmen answering the call, informing them of the location and activities of the two juveniles.
The dispatcher also called Roy Galvan, who is in charge of maintenance for the Beeville Independent School District.
He showed up with a key to the gate and let officers inside.
"Once they were on the scene, she was able to physically direct the officers to where they were hiding," Baron said of Rugar.
Not knowing exactly what they had, the officers approached with caution and took the two would-be burglars into custody.
The two were taken to police headquarters where juvenile probation authorities were called in. They were charged with criminal mischief for damaging the fence.
Baron said the offense is a Class B misdemeanor because the cost of the damage ranged between $50 and $500.
Baron said the city has three active neighborhood watch groups and they provide security in their neighborhoods.
Baron and Police Chief Joe Treviño said that without the assistance that trained neighborhood watch volunteers provide, vandals and burglars could cost city residents a significant amount of money to recover damages.
Anyone interested in starting a neighborhood watch program should contact Baron at BPD headquarters at 358-8100.
Gary Kent is a reporter at the Bee-Picayune and can be reached at 358-2550, ext. 120, or at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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This is my first post, so be gentle!
This pertains to the Web Client. I'm using a hosted Zimbra account (say, firstname.lastname@example.com), plus one external Gmail IMAP account (say, firstname.lastname@example.com). In the left-hand navigation of my Email tab, I see my usual set of email folders for the Zimbra account, and then I see a separate section containing my Gmail IMAP folders.
When I am in one of the Gmail IMAP folders and hit "New Email", the default FROM address is "email@example.com". I was expecting the Web Client to recognize I'm looking at the external account's folders and automatically choose "email@example.com" for the FROM field.
When I am in one of the Gmail IMAP folders and hit "Reply" or "Forward" to a message where "firstname.lastname@example.com" is not in the recipient list (e.g. the email was sent to a distribution list), then the same thing happens - Zimbra chooses "email@example.com" by default. I would prefer it to recognize that I am in an external folder and probably want to use the external address "firstname.lastname@example.com". Note that I solved this one by creating a separate persona for "firstname.lastname@example.com" and setting it to be used whenever I replied to any message in the Gmail folders.
Am I missing something? I searched the forums and Bugzilla but couldn't find any mention of this problem. This is a big deal to me - I'm using Zimbra to manage both my personal and work email (my personal email is the primary account), and when firing off new work email messages it is likely I will forget to change the FROM field each time! Right now, I have attached a default signature to all my accounts & personas with a big banner reminding me to check the FROM field before sending the email.


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LILBURN, Ga. -- Authorities say a fire in the fireplace appears to be the cause of a Monday morning house fire in Lilburn.
Gwinnett County Fire Capt. Tommy Rutledge said the blaze, which spread to an exterior wall, caused moderate damage to the living room and sent smoke throughout the house on Forest Drive.
A man and a woman escaped unharmed. At one point, the woman reentered the house to rescue two cats; heavy smoke forced her back outside before she found the second cat, Rutledge said.
A Gwinnett firefighter was able to find the second animal, and both cats were reported doing fine.
Rutledge said the couple will be temporarily displaced due to the damage. They did not need assistance from the Red Cross.
11Alive News


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If you want to live by the water while keeping it urban, Sheepshead Bay is a great option.
Located in between Knapp Street, Ocean Parkway, Avenue U, and the eponymous Sheepshead Bay, the neighborhood is primarily comprised of houses, but apartment buildings condos, co-ops and semi-detached houses have and are being built. Just south is Coney Island, Brighton Beach, and Manhattan Beach.. learn more about this neighborhood
#84Neighborhood popularity:based on Naked Apartments searches
Building Mix
- 41% Elevator/Laundry Building
- 13% Pre War
- 11% Private House
- 10% Elevator Building
- 8% Walk-Up


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I go fishing with family every spring in Canada for a week. A couple of years ago my wife's grandfather brought a couple of his buddies. One of them was in his 80s and had been through some pretty rough times with his health, including cancer. He could no longer go to the restroom - emptied a bag that he wore 24/7. That old guy got in the boat every day for a week straight and had one heck of a time. And as a younger guy, I can tell you that those old dudes are a lot of fun to be around.
Well, 'ol Red is well into his 80s now, and I just heard over Christmas that he killed a 17 point whitetail this fall! That's 2 years in a row that he's filled his buck tags. He can't go far, but it sure was far enough this time - urine bag and all!!


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The diagnostic medical sonography (DMS) profession is comprised of DMS, diagnostic cardiac sonography, pediatric echocardiography, vascular technology, and other emerging fields. Sonographers practice medical imaging using complex high frequency sound waves and Doppler computerized equipment to visualize differences between healthy tissues and pathologic areas of the body, evaluate vascular flow information, and document pathologic and other conditions.
Students spend two years completing the general education and prerequisite courses. Students should apply by February 1 prior to the fall semester entry. Applications available at www.gvsu.edu/rad/. After admission to the secondary competitive program, students complete two years of full-time professional coursework in one of the following areas: general (abdominal and obstetrics/gynecology), adult and pediatric echocardiography, or adult echocardiography and vascular sonography.
Students study a variety of topics that include:
Sonographers are in demand and find employment in a variety of settings, including clinics and physician offices, traveling ultrasound services, research institutions, and hospitals.
Admissions Office
View all Academic Programs offered by Grand Valley State University