text:
1. Introduction
Add final level 3 content
2. Transforming Text
Add final level 3 content
3. White Space Processing
Add final level 3 tab-size and processing details
3.1. White Space Collapsing: the text-space-collapse property
This section is still under discussion and may change in future drafts.
|collapse | discard | preserve | preserve-auto | preserve-trim | preserve-breaks | preserve-spaces
|Applies to:
|all elements
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
Need a property name
This property declares whether and how white space inside the element is collapsed. Values have the following meanings, which must be interpreted according to the white space processing rules:
- collapse
- This value directs user agents to collapse sequences of white space into a single character (or in some cases, no character).
- preserve
- This value prevents user agents from collapsing sequences of white space. Segment breaks are preserved as forced line breaks.
- preserve-auto
- This value preserves white space and segment breaks as for preserve. However, in order to match platform conventions for editable text fields, the UA may visually collapse the advance widths of preserved white space that occurs at the end of a line, or treat them as collapsed for the purpose of wrapping text (such that the white space overflows the line instead of wrapping to the front of the next line).
- preserve-trim
This value preserves white space and segment breaks as for preserve.
However, the UA must visually collapse to 0
the advance widths of all preserved white space
that occur at the end of a line.
Note: the preserve-trim value is at risk.
The CSSWG would appreciate feedback on the use cases for this value, to evaluate whether this value is needed at all and if so, if trimming leading spaces could be needed as well.
- preserve-breaks
- This value collapses white space as for collapse, but preserves segment breaks as forced line breaks.
- preserve-spaces
- This value prevents user agents
from collapsing sequences of white space,
and converts tabs and segment breaks to spaces.
(This value is intended to match the behavior
xml:space="preserve"in SVG.)
- discard
This value directs user agents to "discard"
all white space in the element.
Does this preserve line break opportunities or no? Do we need a "hide" value?
The following style rules implement MathML's white space processing:
@namespace m "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"; m|* { text-space-collapse: discard; } m|mi, m|mn, m|mo, m|ms, m|mtext { text-space-collapse: trim-inner; }
This section is still under discussion and may change in future drafts.
3.2. White Space Trimming: the text-space-trim property
|none | trim-inner || discard-before || discard-after
|Applies to:
|all elements
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
This property allows authors to specify trimming behavior at the beginning and end of a box. Values have the following meanings, which must be interpreted according to the white space processing rules:
- trim-inner
- For block containers this value directs UAs to discard all whitespace at the beginning of the element up to and including the last segment break before the first non-white-space character in the element as well as to discard all white space at the end of the element starting with the first segment break after the last non-white-space character in the element. For other elements this value directs UAs to discard all whitespace at the beginning and end of the element.
- discard-before
- This value directs the UA to collapse all collapsible whitespace immediately before the start of the element.
- discard-after
- This value directs the UA to collapse all collapsible whitespace immediately after the end of the element.
The following style rules render DT elements as a comma-separated list:
dt { display: inline; } dt + dt:before { content: ", "; text-space-collapse: discard-before; }
4. Line Breaking and Word Boundaries
Add final level 3 content
5. Text Wrapping
Text wrapping is controlled by the text-wrap, wrap-before, wrap-after, wrap-inside, and overflow-wrap properties:
Add final level 3 overflow-wrap
5.1. Text Wrap Settings: the text-wrap property
|normal | nowrap | balance
|Applies to:
|all elements
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
This property specifies the mode for text wrapping. Possible values:
- normal
Lines may break at allowed break points,
as determined by the line-breaking rules in effect.
Line breaking behavior defined
for the WJ, ZW, and GL line-breaking classes
in [UAX14] must be honored.
Should this be called wrap for consistency with flex-wrap?
- nowrap
- Lines may not break; text that does not fit within the block container overflows it.
- balance
Same as normal for inline-level elements.
For block-level elements that
contain line boxes as direct children,
line breaks are chosen to balance
the remaining (empty) space in each line box,
if better balance than normal is possible.
This must not change the number of line boxes
the block would contain
if text-wrap were set to normal.
The remaining space to consider is that which remains after placing floats and inline content, but before any adjustments due to text justification. Line boxes are balanced when the standard deviation from the average inline-size of the remaining space in eacn line box is reduced over the block (including lines that end in a forced break).
The exact algorithm is UA-defined.
UAs may treat this value as normal if there are more than ten lines to balance.
Regardless of the text-wrap value, lines always break at forced breaks: for all values, line-breaking behavior defined for the BK, CR, LF, CM NL, and SG line breaking classes in [UAX14] must be honored.
UAs that allow breaks at punctuation other than spaces should prioritize breakpoints. For example, if breaks after slashes have a lower priority than spaces, the sequence "check /etc" will never break between the '/' and the 'e'. The UA may use the width of the containing block, the text's language, and other factors in assigning priorities. As long as care is taken to avoid such awkward breaks, allowing breaks at appropriate punctuation other than spaces is recommended, as it results in more even-looking margins, particularly in narrow measures.
5.2. Inline breaks between boxes: the wrap-before/wrap-after properties
|wrap-before, wrap-after
|auto | avoid | avoid-line | avoid-flex | line | flex
|Applies to:
|inline-level boxes and flex items
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
These properties specify modifications to break opportunities in line breaking (and flex line breaking [CSS3-FLEXBOX]). Possible values:
- auto
- Lines may break at allowed break points before and after the box, as determined by the line-breaking rules in effect.
- avoid
- Line breaking is suppressed immediately before/after the box: the UA may only break there if there are no other valid break points in the line. If the text breaks, line-breaking restrictions are honored as for auto.
- avoid-line
- Same as avoid, but only for line breaks.
- avoid-flex
- Same as avoid, but only for flex line breaks.
- line
- Force a line break immediately before/after the box if box is an inline-level box.
- flex
- Force a flex line break immediately before/after the box if the box is a flex item in a multi-line flex container.
Forced line breaks on inline-level boxes propagate upward through any parent inline boxes the same way forced breaks on block-level boxes propagate upward through any parent block boxes in the same fragmentation context. [CSS3-BREAK]
5.3. Line breaks within boxes: the wrap-inside property
|auto | avoid
|Applies to:
|inline boxes
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
- auto
- Lines may break at allowed break points within the box, as determined by the line-breaking rules in effect.
- avoid
Line breaking is suppressed within the box:
the UA may only break within the box
if there are no other valid break points in the line.
If the text breaks,
line-breaking restrictions are honored as for auto.
If boxes with avoid are nested and the UA must break within these boxes, a break in an outer box must be used before a break within an inner box may be used.
5.3.1. Example of using 'wrap-inside: avoid' in presenting a footer
The priority of breakpoints can be set to reflect the intended grouping of text.
Given the rules
footer { wrap-inside: avoid; } venue { wrap-inside: avoid; } date { wrap-inside: avoid; } place { wrap-inside: avoid; }
and the following markup:
<footer> <venue>27th Internationalization and Unicode Conference</venue> • <date>April 7, 2005</date> • <place>Berlin, Germany</place> </footer>
In a narrow window the footer could be broken as
27th Internationalization and Unicode Conference • April 7, 2005 • Berlin, Germany
or in a narrower window as
27th Internationalization and Unicode Conference • April 7, 2005 • Berlin, Germany
but not as
27th Internationalization and Unicode Conference • April 7, 2005 • Berlin, Germany
6. Last Line Minimum Length
- At least as long as the text-indent.
- At least X characters.
- Percentage-based.
Suggestion for value space is ''match-indent | <length> | <percentage>'' (with Xch given as an example to make that use case clear). Alternately <integer> could actually count the characters.
It's unclear how this would interact with text balancing (above); one earlier proposal had them be the same property (with 100% meaning full balancing).
People have requested word-based limits, but since this is really dependent on the length of the word, character-based is better.
7. Shorthand for White Space and Wrapping: the white-space property
|normal | pre | nowrap | pre-wrap | pre-wrap-auto | pre-line
|Applies to:
|all elements
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
This property is a shorthand for text-space-collapse, text-wrap, and text-space-trim.
Note: This shorthand combines both inheritable and non-inheritable properties. If this is a problem, please inform the CSSWG.
The following table gives the mapping of the values of the shorthand to its longhands.
Add details from level 3
8. Breaking Within Words
Add final level 3 content
8.1. Hyphens: the hyphenate-character property
|auto | <string>
|Applies to:
|all elements
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
This property specifies strings that are shown between parts of hyphenated words. The auto value means that the user agent should find an appropriate value, preferably from the same source as the hyphenation dictionary. If a string is specified, it appears at the end of the line before a hyphenation break.
article { hyphenate-character: "\2010" }
Both hyphens triggered by automatic hyphenation and hyphens triggered by soft hyphens are rendered according to hyphenate-character.
8.2. Hyphenation Size Limit: the hyphenate-limit-zone property
|<percentage> | <length>
|Applies to:
|block containers
|refers to width of the line box
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
Is hyphenate-limit-zone a good name? Comments/suggestions?
This property specifies the maximum amount of unfilled space (before justification) that may be left in the line box before hyphenation is triggered to pull part of a word from the next line back up into the current line.
8.3. Hyphenation Character Limits: the hyphenate-limit-chars property
|[ auto | <integer> ]{1,3}
|Applies to:
|all elements
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
This property specifies the minimum number of characters in a hyphenated word. If the word does not meet the required minimum number of characters in the word / before the hyphen / after the hyphen, then the word must not be hyphenated. Nonspacing combining marks (Unicode class) and intra-word punctuation (Unicode classes P*) do not count towards the minimum.
If three values are specified, the first value is the required minimum for the total characters in a word, the second value is the minimum for characters before the hyphenation point, and the third value is the minimum for characters after the hyphenation point. If the third value is missing, it is the same as the second. If the second value is missing, then it is auto. The auto value means that the UA chooses a value that adapts to the current layout.
Unless the UA is able to calculate a better value, it is suggested that auto means 2 for before and after, and 5 for the word total.
p { hyphenate-limit-chars: auto 3; }
8.4. Hyphenation Line Limits: the hyphenate-limit-lines and hyphenate-limit-last properties
|no-limit | <integer>
|Applies to:
|block containers
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
This property indicates the maximum number of successive hyphenated lines in an element. The no-limit value means that there is no limit.
In some cases, user agents may not be able to honor the specified value. (See overflow-wrap.) It is not defined whether hyphenation introduced by such emergency breaking influences nearby hyphenation points.
|none | always | column | page | spread
|Applies to:
|block containers
|Computed value:
|as specified
|Animation type:
This property indicates hyphenation behavior at the end of elements, column, pages and spreads. A spread is a set of two pages that are visible to the reader at the same time. Values are:
- none
- No restrictions imposed.
- always
- The last full line of the element, or the last line before any column, page, or spread break inside the element should not be hyphenated.
- column
- The last line before any column, page, or spread break inside the element should not be hyphenated.
- page
- The last line before page or spread break inside the element should not be hyphenated.
- spread
- The last line before any spread break inside the element should not be hyphenated.
A paragraph may be formatted like this when 'hyphenate-limit-last: none' is set:
This is just a simple example to show Antarc- tica.
With 'hyphenate-limit-last: always' one would get:
This is just a simple example to show Antarctica.
9. Alignment and Justification
Add final level 3 content
Add this value to text-align
- <string>
- The string must be a single character; otherwise the declaration must be ignored. When applied to a table cell, specifies the alignment character around which the cell's contents will align. See below for further details and how this value combines with keywords.
9.1. Character-based Alignment in a Table Column
When multiple cells in a column have an alignment character specified, the alignment character of each such cell in the column is centered along a single column-parallel axis and the rest of the text in the column shifted accordingly. (Note that the strings do not have to be the same for each cell, although they usually are.)
Is this intended to say that it's the centers of the alignment characters that should be aligned? It's not clear that's what it says, but that (or a different behavior) needs to be specified, to describe what happens when different occurrences of the alignment character are in different fonts. (Further, is that the intended behavior? Probably the most significant use case to consider is bold vs. non-bold text, which only varies slightly in width.) [feedback] [minutes face-to-face 2016-02-02 10:00 AM]
The following style sheet:
TD { text-align: "." center }
will cause the column of dollar figures in the following HTML table:
<TABLE> <COL width="40"> <TR> <TH>Long distance calls <TR> <TD> $1.30 <TR> <TD> $2.50 <TR> <TD> $10.80 <TR> <TD> $111.01 <TR> <TD> $85. <TR> <TD> N/A <TR> <TD> $.05 <TR> <TD> $.06 </TABLE>
to align along the decimal point. The table might be rendered as follows:
+---------------------+ | Long distance calls | +---------------------+ | $1.30 | | $2.50 | | $10.80 | | $111.01 | | $85. | | N/A | | $.05 | | $.06 | +---------------------+
A keyword value may be specified in conjunction with the <string> value; if it is not given, it defaults to right. This value is used:
- when character-based alignment is applied to boxes that are not table cells.
- when the text wraps to multiple lines (at unforced break points).
- when a character-aligned cell spans more than one column. In this case the keyword alignment value is used to determine which column's axis to align with: the leftmost column for left, the rightmost column for right and center, the startmost column for start, the endmost column for end.
- when the column is wide enough that the character alignment alone does not determine the positions of its character-aligned contents. In this case the keyword alignment of the first cell in the column with a specified alignment character is used to slide the position of the character-aligned contents to match the keyword alignment insofar as possible without changing the width of the column. For center, the UA may center the aligned contents using its extremes, center the alignment axis itself (insofar as possible), or optically center the aligned contents some other way (such as by taking a weighted average of the extent of the cells' contents to either side of the axis).
Right alignment is used by default for character-based alignment because numbering systems are almost all left-to-right even in right-to-left writing systems, and the primary use case of character-based alignment is for numerical alignment.
If the alignment character appears more than once in the text, the first instance is used for alignment. If the alignment character does not appear in a cell at all, the string is aligned as if the alignment character had been inserted at the end of its contents.
This needs to specify what text is searched for the alignment character. Is it only in-flow text whose containing block is the cell? Or is text within any in-flow descendants in the block formatting context established by the cell considered? If so, is it considered only as long as its text-align property is consistent with the cell's? (Consistent in the alignment character, or fully consistent?)
This behavior of aligning as though the alignment character had been inserted at the end of the contents of the cell, combined with center-of-character alignment, will produce gaps on the end-side of lines that are alone on a line with <string> text-alignment, when none of the lines of the column has the alignment character, or, more importantly, when some of the lines do have the alignment character, but the column is not laid out at its max-content width. This is probably undesirable.
When the alignment character is inserted at the end of the contents, which font is used? (In particular, if the alignment character might be within a descendant block, is it the font of the block or the font of the table cell? Or if the insertion is at a forced break within an inline, does it use the font of the inline or the font of the block or cell?)
Character-based alignment occurs before table cell width computation so that auto width computations can leave enough space for alignment. Whether column-spanning cells participate in the alignment prior to or after width computation is undefined. If width constraints on the cell contents prevent full alignment throughout the column, the resulting alignment is undefined.
This should have a formal definition of how character alignment affects the min-content and max-content intrinsic widths (of table columns and all content that can be inside table columns). Max-content intrinsic widths need to be split into three numbers (assuming that it's the centers of the alignment character that are aligned): one for widths without alignment characters, one for widths on the inline-start side of the center of the alignment character, one for widths on the inline-end side of the center of the alignment character. This operates based on all segments of text between forced breaks for max-content widths. For min-content widths, segments of text between forced breaks that contain optional breaks within them should clearly contribute only to the without-alignment-character width. However, it's less clear whether all min-content widths should work this way, or whether segments between forced breaks that do not have optional breaks (and perhaps only those that actually contain the alignment character) should contribute to start-side-of-alignment-character and end-side-of-alignment-character min-content widths instead; this choice is a tradeoff between the meaning of min-content sizing of a table meaning the narrowest reasonable size versus honoring alignment characters in more cases. Another option might be to use whether line-breaking of optional breaks is allowed as a control for which behavior to use.
Formally defining the intrinsic width contributions of column-spanning cells with <string> values of text-align is a complicated (although straightforward) extension of the decisions made for intrinsic width contributions of non-column-spanning cells; this should also be formally defined. Contributions end up being made to the split intrinsic widths of the startmost or endmost column (whichever is used for alignment), and to the without-alignment-character intrinsic widths of the other spanned columns.
10. Spacing
Add final level 3 word-spacing, letter-spacing
10.1. Character Class Spacing: the text-spacing property
|normal | none | [ trim-start | space-start ] || [ trim-end | space-end | allow-end ] || [ trim-adjacent | space-adjacent ] || no-compress || ideograph-alpha || ideograph-numeric || punctuation
|Applies to:
|block containers
|Computed value:
|specified value
This property controls spacing between adjacent characters on the same line within the same inline formatting context using a set of character-class-based rules. Such spacing can either be created between or trimmed from the affected glyphs. Values are defined as follows:
- normal
- Specifies the baseline behavior, equivalent to space-start allow-end trim-adjacent.
- none
- Turns off all text-spacing features. All fullwidth characters are set with full-width glyphs.
- ideograph-alpha
Creates 1/4em extra spacing between runs of ideographs and non-ideographic letters.
Note: A commonly used algorithm for determining this behavior is specified in [JLREQ].
- ideograph-numeric
Creates 1/4em extra spacing between runs of ideographs and non-ideographic numerals glyphs.
Note: A commonly used algorithm for determining this behavior is specified in [JLREQ].
- punctuation
Creates extra non-breaking spacing around punctuation as required by language-specific typographic conventions.
In this level, if the element's content language is French, narrow no-break space (U+202F) and no-break space (U+00A0) is inserted where required by French typographic guidelines. Otherwise this value has no effect. However future specifications may add automatic spacing behavior for other languages.
- space-start
- Set fullwidth opening punctuation with full-width glyphs (spaced) at the start of each line.
- trim-start
- Set fullwidth opening punctuation with half-width glyphs (flush) at the start of each line.
- allow-end
- Set fullwidth closing punctuation with half-width glyphs (flush) at the end of each line if it does not otherwise fit prior to justification; otherwise set the punctuation with full-width glyphs.
- space-end
- Set fullwidth opening punctuation with full-width glyphs (spaced) at the start of each line.
- trim-end
- Set fullwidth closing punctuation with half-width glyphs (flush) at the end of each line.
- space-adjacent
- Set fullwidth opening punctuation with full-width glyphs (spaced) when not at the start of the line. Set fullwidth closing punctuation with full-width glyphs (spaced) when not at the end of the line.
- trim-adjacent
- Collapse spacing between punctuation glyphs as described below.
- no-compress
Justification may not compress text-spacing.
(If this value is not specified, the justification process may reduce autospacing
except when the spacing is at the start or end of the line.)
Note: An example of compression rules is given for Japanese in 3.8 Line Adjustment in [JLREQ].
This property is additive with the word-spacing and letter-spacing properties. That is, the amount of spacing contributed by the letter-spacing setting (if any) is added to the spacing created by text-spacing. The same applies to word-spacing.
At element boundaries, the amount of extra spacing introduced between characters is determined by and rendered within the innermost element that contains the boundary. If the extra spacing is applied to a particular glyph, then the spacing is determined by the innermost element containing that glyph.
Note: Values other than normal, none, trim-start, trim-end, and space-end are at-risk and may be dropped from this level of CSS. They are defined here currently to help work out a complete design of this feature.
Support for this property is optional. It is strongly recommended for UAs that wish to support CJK typography.
It was requested to add a value for doubling the space after periods.
10.1.1. Fullwidth Punctuation Collapsing
Typically, fullwidth characters have glyphs with the same advance width as a standard Han character (e.g. 水 U+6C34). However, many fullwidth punctuation glyphs only take up part of the fullwidth design space. Thus such punctuation are not always set fullwidth. Several values of text-spacing allow the author to control when such characters are set half-width (typically half the width of an ideograph) and when they are set full-width.
In order to set the text as specified, the UA will need to either
- trim (kern) the blank half of the glyphs, if they are given full-width and must be set half-width, or
- add space to the glyphs, if they are given half-width must be set full-width.
Some fonts use proportional glyphs for fullwidth punctuation characters. For such proportional glyphs, the given advance width is considered simultaneously full-width and half-width: no space is added or removed.
The advance width of a standard Han character
can be determined either from font metrics
such as the OpenType
ideo and
idtp baselines for the opposite writing mode,
or by taking the advance width of a Han character such as 水 U+6C34.
(The opposite writing mode must be used because some fonts are compressed
so that the characters are not square.)
More information on OpenType metrics can be found in the OpenType spec.
Note that if 水 U+6C34, 卜 U+535C, and 一 U+4E00 do not all have the same advance width,
the font has proportional ideographs
and the fullwidth advance width cannot be reliably determined by measuring glyphs.
Unless text-spacing is set to space-adjacent or none (or the font has proportional fullwidth punctuation glyphs), the UA must collapse the space typically associated with such full width glyphs as follows:
- Set fullwidth opening punctuation half-width if the previous character is a fullwidth opening punctuation, fullwidth middle dot punctuation, or ideographic space (U+3000). Else set it full-width.
- Set fullwidth closing punctuation half-width if the next character is a fullwidth closing punctuation, fullwidth middle dot punctuation, or ideographic space (U+3000). Else set it full-width.
- Set fullwidth closing punctuation followed by fullwidth opening punctuation each at "3/4-width", i.e. halfway between full-width and half-width.
|Sample Pair
|Looks Like
|Middle Dot—Opening
|) (
|Ideographic Space—Opening
|Closing—Middle Dot
|Closing—Ideographic Space
10.1.2. Text Spacing Character Classes
In the context of this property the following definitions apply:
Classes and Unicode code points need to be reviewed.
- ideographs
Includes all typographic character units [CSS3TEXT] whose base character is listed below:
- All characters in the range of U+3041 to U+30FF, except those that belong to Unicode Punctuation [P*] category.
- CJK Strokes (U+31C0 to U+31EF).
- Katakana Phonetic Extensions (U+31F0 to U+31FF).
- All characters that belongs to Han Unicode Script Property [UAX24].
- non-ideographic letters
Includes all typographic character units that
belong to Unicode Letters [L*] and Mark [M*] category,
except when any of the following conditions are met:
- is defined as ideograph.
- is categorized as East Asian Fullwidth (F) by [UAX11].
- is upright in vertical text flow using the text-orientation property or the text-combine-upright property.
- non-ideographic numerals
Includes all typographic character units that
belong to the Unicode Decimal Digit Number [Nd] category,
except when any of the following conditions are met:
- is categorized as East Asian Fullwidth (F) by [UAX11].
- is upright in vertical text flow using the text-orientation property or the text-combine-upright property.
- fullwidth opening punctuation
- Includes any opening punctuation character (Unicode category
Ps) that belongs to the CJK Symbols and Punctuation block (U+3000–U+303F) or is categorized as East Asian Fullwidth (F) by [UAX11]. Also includes LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (U+2018) and LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK (U+201C). When trimmed, the left (for horizontal text) or top (for vertical text) half is kerned.
- fullwidth closing punctuation
- Includes any closing punctuation character (Unicode category
Pe) that belongs to the CJK Symbols and Punctuation block (U+3000–U+303F) or is categorized as East Asian Fullwidth (F) by [UAX11]. Also includes RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (U+2019) and RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK (U+201D). May also include fullwidth colon punctuation and/or fullwidth dot punctuation (see below). When trimmed, the right (for horizontal text) or bottom (for vertical text) half is kerned.
- fullwidth middle dot punctuation
- Includes MIDDLE DOT (U+00B7), HYPHENATION POINT (U+2027), and KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT (U+30FB). May also include fullwidth colon punctuation and/or fullwidth dot punctuation (see below).
- fullwidth colon punctuation
- Includes FULLWIDTH COLON (U+FF1A) and FULLWIDTH SEMICOLON (U+FF1B).
- fullwidth dot punctuation
- Includes IDEOGRAPHIC COMMA (U+3001), IDEOGRAPHIC FULL STOP (U+3002), FULLWIDTH COMMA (U+FF0C), FULLWIDTH FULL STOP (U+FF0E).
Whether fullwidth colon punctuation and fullwidth dot punctuation should be considered fullwidth closing punctuation or fullwidth middle dot punctuation depends on where in the glyph's box the punctuation is drawn. If the punctuation is centered, then it should be considered middle dot punctuation. If the punctuation is drawn to one side (left in horizontal text, top in vertical text) and the other half is therefore blank then the punctuation should be considered closing punctuation and trimmed accordingly.
The UA must classify fullwidth colon punctuation and fullwidth dot punctuation under either the fullwidth closing punctuation category or the fullwidth middle dot punctuation category as appropriate. The UA may rely on language conventions and the writing mode (horizontal vs. vertical), and/or font information to determine this categorization. The UA may also add additional characters to any category as appropriate.
|colon punctuation
|dot punctuation
|Simplified Chinese (horizontal)
|Simplified Chinese (vertical)
|Traditional Chinese
|middle dot
|middle dot
|middle dot
|middle dot
Note that for Chinese fonts at least, the author observes that the standard convention is often not followed.
10.1.3. Japanese Paragraph-start Conventions in CSS
Assuming a UA style sheet of
p { margin: 1em 0; },
CSS can achieve the Japanese typesetting styles with the following rules:
Brackets flush with indent, flush with other lines (first scheme):
p { /* Flush alignment */ margin: 0; text-indent: 1em; text-spacing: trim-start; }
Brackets preserve fullwidth spacing on all lines (second scheme):
p { /* Fullwidth alignment */ margin: 0; text-indent: 1em; text-spacing: normal; }
Brackets hang in indent, flush with other lines (third scheme):
p { /* Hanging alignment */ margin: 0; text-indent: 1em; text-spacing: trim-start; hanging-punctuation: first; }
11. Edge Effects
Add final level 3 content
Add final level 3 list, with Randy Edmunds and Florian Rivoal added


text:
The Punisher is at his lowest point. Homeless, penniless, gun-less. But none of this changes the fact that heâs got his sights aimed squarely on the most powerful man in the country: the Kingpin of Crime. Fearing for his life and paranoid, the Kingpin brings in a new bodyguard, the best money can buy: a hard-as-nails woman going by the name of Elektra.
EXCL. PREVIEW: Tony Stark is... Spider-Man(?!) in "Invincible Iron Man" #10
Comic Books

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Robert Nava in the House at Kinderhook Tap
Nava could help Kinderhook be more than a bar
Robert Nava, the former chef/owner at American Depot Diner, is now in the kitchen at Kinderhook Tap.
Anyone who visited American Depot Diner on da Island on Roosevelt Road just east of Austin Avenue knew it was a special place. On the menu were diner classics done right, pot roast, hand-shaped hamburgers, biscuits and gravy, red velvet cake and always a blue plate special served on a platter of the requisite hue.
I wrote an early appreciation of this retro resto in Chicago Reader, and in the years to come, it was reviewed favorably in the Chicago Tribune and later got a visit from Guy Fieri of the Food Network's Diners, Drive-ins-and Dives.
Walking by Kinderhook Tap a few nights ago, I stopped in and chatted with Nava.
"Depot Diner didn't make it," said Nava, "but it wasn't for lack of publicity. We were in a tough place," he said, referring to the neighborhood that many thought his Depot Diner would help resurrect into a viable commercial strip for retail establishments other than bars and repair shops.
But it wasn't to be.
Still, hearing that Nava is now in the kitchen was some of the best news I'd heard about Kinderhook Tap in a long time.
In 2010, I wrote that Kinderhook Tap was looking to be more than a bar. I think Nava is going to help them do that.
When I asked him how long he'd be cooking at Kinderhook Tap, Nava wasn't sure. He did say, though, that he has "some plans for the autumn and winter menus," which suggests he may be around for at least the next few seasons. That's encouraging.
I haven't been back to Kinderhook Tap in over a year, but I now have a reason to visit again. If you go, it'd be helpful if you posted about your experiences here.
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Relevant offers
Apple missed Wall Street's revenue forecast for the third straight quarter as iPhone sales came in below expectations, fuelling investors' worries that its dominance of the mobile industry was slipping.
Shares of the world's largest tech company fell 10 per cent to US$463 (4550) after hours, wiping out some US$50 billion of its market value from its US$514 close.
On Wednesday, Apple said it shipped a record 47.8 million iPhones in the December quarter, up 29 per cent from the year-ago period but below the 50 million shipments that analysts on average had expected.
"It's going to call into question Apple's dominance in the space. It's still one of the strong players, the others being Samsung and Google. It's still a two-horse race, but Android continues to grow rapidly," said Sterne Agee analyst Shaw Wu.
"If you step back a bit, it's clear they shipped a lot of phones. But the problem is the high expectations that investors have. Apple's conservative guidance highlights the concerns over production cuts coming out of Asia recently."
Apple projected revenue of US$41b to US$43b in the current, second fiscal quarter, lagging the average Wall Street forecast of more than US$45b.
Fiscal first quarter revenue rose 18 per cent to US$54.5b, below the average analyst estimate of US$54.73b, though earnings per share of US$13.81 beat the Street forecast of US$13.47, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.
Apple also undershot revenue targets in the previous two quarters. These results will prompt more questions on what Apple has in its product pipeline, and what it can do to attract new sales and maintain its growth trajectory, analysts said.
Net income of US$13.07b was virtually flat compared with US$13.06b a year earlier.
Investors' expectations heading into the results had already been subdued by news of possible production cutbacks by some component suppliers in Asia, triggering fears that demand for the iPhone, which accounts for half of Apple's revenue, and the iPad could be slowing.
Apple shares are down nearly 30 percent from a record high in September, in part on worries that its days of hyper growth are over and its mobile devices are no longer as popular.
Intense competition from Samsung's cheaper phones - powered by Google's Android software - and signs that the premium smartphone market may be close to saturation in developed markets have also caused a lot of investor anxiety.
Meanwhile, sales of the iPad came in at 22.9 million in the fiscal first quarter, roughly in line with forecasts.
On the brighter side, chief financial officer Peter Oppenheimer told Reuters that iPhone sales more than doubled in greater China - a region that Apple chief executive Tim Cook has vowed to focus on as its next big growth driver.
The company will begin detailing results from that country.
"These results were OK, but they definitely raised a few questions," said Shannon Cross, analyst with Cross Research. "Gross margin trajectory looks fine so that's a positive and cash continues to grow. But I think investors are going to want to know what Apple plans to do with growing cash balance.
"And other questions are going to be around innovation and where the next products are coming from and what does Tim Cook see in the next 12 to 18 months."
- Reuters
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What Miami Marlins outfielder Justin Ruggiano accomplished last season was a testament not only to perseverance and making good on opportunity, but also how interesting minor league numbers, even for older fellows not given the top prospect tag, can translate to the big leagues. After all, Ruggiano was a long-time fixture buried in the Tampa Bay Rays' organization who hit for modest power and stole enough bases to matter, albeit with a few too many strikeouts. When given the chance to show his skills regularly in 2012, that's precisely what he did -- decent homers and steals rates, with a lot of K's -- aiding many a fantasy owner in the process.
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Stevie Wonder says a concert devoted to peace is going from the stage to television.
Stevie Wonder says a concert devoted to peace is going from the stage to television.
"Stevie Wonder With Friends: Celebrating a Message of Peace" will premiere Saturday on Centric at 9 p.m. EST. The musical celebration took place at the General Assembly Hall at United Nations Headquarters in New York last October.
"It was a great night," said Wonder, who hosted the concert. "People not only sang about it but their spirits were committed to see peace. In this society we are living in, there's a need for peace for all nations throughout the world."
The 90-minute concert celebrated the 67th anniversary of the UN's peacekeeping and crisis management efforts around the globe.
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Performers included Wonder, Sting, Janelle Monae, Wyclef Jean and Elle Varner.
"Peace is something we can't just talk about, we got to be about it," the 62-year-old singer said. "The way people participated on that night showed their commitment. I was very, very happy."
Wonder hopes the televised event will encourage others to take part in the next concert.
"The call for peace is something we should take seriously," he said. "I think we need a peace day every day."
The concert will also air March 3 on BET at 11 a.m. EST.
Follow Jonathan Landrum Jr. on Twitter at http://twitter.com/MrLandrum31


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Tag Archives: latter day saints
The Book of Mormon Musical is Coming to Los Angeles: West Coast Premiere at the Pantages Theatre, September 5 – November 25, 2012
Here's a site to watch for tickets to go on sale. Should Mitt Romney appear headed for the presidency in the fall, the timing couldn't be better. Here's one of the songs. _____ And here's the 60 Minutes piece on the musical: … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged America, atheism, God, Jesus, latter day saints, Los Angeles, mitt romney, mormonism, south park, theatre Leave a comment
Missionaries knocked on my door, and I was not saved
Last night, two Mormon missionaries knocked on my door, and I talked to them for about half an hour. How depressing. Their take-home message: read their book. It's really good. And if you listen with an open heart, God will tell … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Tagged Christianity, gay marriage, God, Islam, Jesus, joseph smith, latter day saints, mitt romney, mormons, religion, the Bible, the book of mormon 35 Comments


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Ariz. cop resigns after alleged undercover affair with drug dealer
She put two other officers at risk when she blew their covers to a suspected drug dealer
By PoliceOne Staff
TEMPE, Ariz. — A Tempe police officer has resigned amid a criminal investigation that alleges she slept with a drug dealer she was investigating while undercover.
Jessica Dever-Jakusz bought ecstasy from a Tempe drug dealer and soon began dating the subject, according to ABC15, putting two other officers in danger.
Dever-Jakusz admitted to the drug dealer that she was an officer and blew the covers of the other officers involved in the months-long investigation.
Dever-Jakusz's husband, also an officer, is under investigation for using police equipment to look up the drug suspect after learning about the affair, according to the report.
The dealer in the affair has not yet been identified.
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FilippouVilla-Living in nature
From $224 / night
Description from the owner
Description from the owner
Bedrooms: 3/
Bathrooms: 2/
Sleeps: 7/
Type: House
A fully renovated old traditional house, surrounded by cypress and scents of thyme and herbs of the Cretan mountains, located in the traditional and isolated village Filippos near Vrysses, 30 km from Chania, 45 km from the airport and 3 km from the nearest beach in Georgioupolis.
It is consisted of three fully separated and renovated spaces which are described as follow:
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All rooms are air conditioned with fully equipped ...Read more


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Ark Naturals Breath-Less Brushless Toothpaste Small to Medium Dog Chews, 12-oz bag
By Ark Naturals
|List Price:
|$12.49 & FREE 1-2 Day Shipping at $49
|You Save:
|$5.50 (31%)
In Stock
Product Description
Until pets learn to date, oral hygiene will not be one of their top concerns. But face-licks are better when breath smells less like rotten fish and more like cinnamon and clove! Ark Naturals Breath-Less Brushless Toothpaste Dog Chews clean your pup's teeth as she chews, thanks to abrisive ridges on the outside and Ark Naturals' patented toothpaste center. Each tasty bite fights plaque, removes tartar, and freshens breath!
Key Benefits
- Perfect size for small to medium dogs
- Safe for dogs and cats over 12 weeks of age
- Cinnamon, vanilla, and clove freshen breath
- Contains no corn, soy, or wheat
|Item Number
|12 ounces
|Country of Origin
|Breed Size
|Supplement Form
|Food Form
Pet lovers who bought this item also bought...
"Dentally" Helpful Ingredients: L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate (Stay-C™) a source of vitamin C - a key nutrient in dental health Sodium pyrophosphate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate - helps abrasive action Chlorophyll, cinnamon, vanilla, clove – all freshen breath Inactive Ingredients: Rice flour Honey Water (for processing) Glycerin Canola oil Gelatin Cultured whey Citric acid (a preservative) Sodium bicarbonate Lecithin Salt Calcium carbonate Dicalcium phosphate Flax oil (preserved with mixed tocoperols) Natural flavor
Customer Reviews
Rated 4.6 out of 5 by 80 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5 by cynthia Dogs love these My dogs really love these and it is nice to know they also help keep their teeth clean. January 26, 2016
Rated 5 out of 5 by Duffysmom They work well My 10 y.o. dog really loves them and and they keep his breath smelling fresh. I can't really tell about reducing tartar, but I do know that they cut down on the bacteria in my dogs mouth by the absence of "dog breath". I recommend them highly. January 17, 2016
Rated 5 out of 5 by AnimalLover10 Great for cleaning! My greyhound's breath was terrible until I gave him one of these! He's rescue (so wouldn't let me brush his teeth) But this totally helps me out! January 20, 2016
Rated 4 out of 5 by basketbee Just started using this product!! Both of my Furr-Babies really like the taste of this product. This is my first time to use this product so it is too soon to rate!! January 13, 2016
Rated 5 out of 5 by Samdu Works great! My dog loves theses and it really makes a difference with her breath. January 17, 2016
Rated 5 out of 5 by miswarfel Levi loves it Our dog loves these. His teeth are cleaner, and breath is very minty. January 9, 2016
Rated 3 out of 5 by SophieJosMom1 These things seem to help and my dog likes them. As with everything, portion control, portion control. January 9, 2016
Rated 5 out of 5 by Maltipoo Much preferred over greenies, CET chews or any other dental chew I think owners have to be mindful of how much they are giving their pets this product when starting out. Like I have been giving this to dog since she was a puppy. She is a 10 lb-er and a whole one (which is huge) will give her digestive upset. However, 1/4 after each meal (so 1/2 a day) is just fine and her teeth and breath are much better for it. She really loves these and I think are her favorite non-animal based treat. She would ignore greenies (ended up throwing out that bag) and she chews the CET chews when she is bored in the evenings, but she is most enthusiastic for these chews. They smell like black licorice and leave her breath fresh and minty. I use to buy the small ones, but now just buy these medium size one and cut each one into 4 pieces and give her 1 piece (which is the equivalent of 1 of the small ones) which is much more cost efficient. These can also be frozen so they represent more of a "challenge" for the dogs and their teeth, but I don't really bother. We have been trying to avoid poultry so this is a great alternative dental chew for us. I think the CET chews work better as far as dental action and we use to use both, but now that we are avoiding poultry (and that one has poultry digest and is a raw hide) we are happy to have this alternative. September 5, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5 by Essie Good product Our dogs get this treat every evening after our walk to the mailbox. They love this product. I have also heard from others that this is one of the best products of its type. December 11, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5 by Dogchick Awesome My dogs love them and I cannot believe how much it has helped their breath. I am a fan! December 17, 2015
Rated 3 out of 5 by MrKam Good breath freshener We have had our bag of Ark Naturals for a couple of weeks. Given the size of our Bichon, we have cut each piece up to 8 smaller ones and give her 2-4 pieces after each meal. I can not comment regarding the plaque and tartar capabilities but the breath smell has improved and she really likes the taste. We will keep going until the bag is empty before deciding to get more or try something different. So far so good! November 11, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5 by Carol Dogs love these! My two dachshunds love these treats and they are easy to chew for my older dog. December 12, 2015
Rated 4 out of 5 by Greenie Good product ... voracious dog Our large Chihuahua (16 lbs), spoiled but lovable, is rather voracious. Thus, it appears that she finishes eating the tooth cleaners too fast, and perhaps does not gain full benefit from the product. There is nothing wrong with your product. The difficulty is that we have a direct descendant of the wolf in our house. Green Head. October 13, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5 by DreDre My dogs love these treats! These have become both of my dogs' favorite treats. --and my dogs are pretty picky. The treats freshen their stinky- dog breath, which is nice for the whole family. Honestly, I don't know yet if they help reduce tartar or plaque...I'll ask the vet at our next visit. I'm happy enough that the dogs enjoy the taste so much. October 20, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5 by wendylady Healthy & tasty dental treat My Sheltie, Baron, sampled one of these at the groomers. They sell a small package for $16, but after purchasing, I decided to look online for this product hoping to find a cheaper price. Chewy provides the same product but about $6 cheaper, so I went with Chewy and Baron is VERY happy now! October 10, 2015
Rated 3 out of 5 by jgleroux Smells great, dog loves the taste! Smells like cinnamon and clove. My dog really likes the taste, and he's a very picky eater. However, I gave this product an average rating for 3 reasons: (1) I'm not convinced it actually cleans my dog's teeth. I have a 75-80 lb Golden. He devours these in less than a minute and doesn't have to chew them very much. So, I'm not sure how much teeth cleaning benefits he's deriving from this product. (2) All the "Dentally Helpful Ingredients" highlighted are also the last ingredients on the list. (3) The bag recommends giving 1-2 chews per day for medium to larger dogs, which makes this product very expensive if used as directed. My dog really like these, so I'll probably continue to give these to him to supplement other dental treats / bully sticks. February 10, 2014
Rated 2 out of 5 by Jean53 Don't seem to make a difference. Description that includes cinnamon, vanilla, clove to freshen breath leads one to perhaps believe that's what they smell like. Not even close! No detection of any of these ingredients. They don't seem to work either. September 21, 2015
Rated 4 out of 5 by agee8 was very surprised when my maltese enjoy it as she VERY pickey didn't think my dog would enjoy and/or want this chew but she ate it, to my suprise. will order it again September 28, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5 by TzuMom My Shih Tzus love them My Shih Tzus love them and they are easy for them to chew, which can sometimes be a problem with this type of dog. I have their teeth cleaned every year, but I will have the vet look at their teeth next time they go in for a visit and see it this teeth cleaning treat is doing its job. In the mean time, as long as the dogs like it, it is a good healthy treat for them. August 7, 2015
Rated 2 out of 5 by GizmosMom Didn't do a thing Saw absolutely no difference in breath or teeth with this product. September 21, 2015
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Raw milk appetite grows
Region's farmers lead NZ's raw milk revolutionNAOMI ARNOLD
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It's not at all surprising that there are a few glass bottles of raw milk in the back of the smoko room fridge at Village Milk's dairy farm near the base of the Takaka Hill.
What is surprising is how long one of the bottles has been sitting there without going sour.
Forgotten, it stayed in the fridge for weeks when Village Milk owners Mark and Phillippa Houston went on holiday recently.
When they got back, they opened it and sniffed cautiously, expecting to reel back at the stench of rotting milk.
Instead they smelt nothing but a pleasant yoghurty whiff.
"We decided to leave it in the fridge as a bit of an experiment," Mr Houston says.
Two and a half months later, the yoghurt has turned into a solid cottage-cheese type substance, floating on top of watery whey.
When Mr Houston offers the bottle up for a sniff this week, it's still not sour.
The Houstons - Mark, Phillippa, and son Richard - attribute that to the cleanliness of their raw milk, meaning there's no need for pasteurisation to kill the bugs.
And they say it's that attention to cleanliness, including a rigorous testing regime, that is behind the success of their efforts at turning raw milk into real milk in the minds of the public.
They also believe it's what other raw-milk dairy farmers will have to do if they want to ensure the public can trust it.
The 1981 Food Act allows farmers to sell up to five litres of milk daily to buyers who use it themselves or for their families, and wholefood or cheesemaking enthusiasts have long organised guerilla raw-milk clubs on a roster of pick-up and delivery.
Cheesemakers can already buy Wangapeka Downs raw milk at the Grape Escape, for example. But the novelty and ease of refrigerated vending machines has recently made selling from the farm gate much more accessible.
Open 24/7, the Village Milk vending machine sells about 250 litres a day in its Clifton location.
With slick marketing and a devoted following, Village Milk has developed a network of six farm-gate franchisees around New Zealand in just over a year, in the milk-soaked lands of Golden Bay, Lower Moutere, Hamilton, and Greymouth, with Oxford and Timaru opening soon.
"Once you've had real milk," is the general consensus of its Facebook fans, "you'll never go back."
The cause is helped along by that fact that nutritionist Lee-Anne Wann, known for her role on TV show Downsize Me, has put the Warriors on raw milk to improve their health.
But it's Nelson and Tasman dairy farmers who are leading the way, with the region home to most of the automatic dispensers in the country. About half a dozen offer milk at between $2 and $2.50 a litre at their dairy farm gates.
At the Raine family farm's Oaklands Farm outlets in Stoke, their twin vending machines currently sell lightly pasteurised milk, with a raw option to be added later this year.
At Riverside Community in Lower Moutere, people have been drinking raw milk from their dairy herd of 160 friesian holstein cows for decades, and the community has sold raw milk informally for years.
This winter, farm manager Colin Coles split out a small herd of 15 cows to supply the raw milk operation, with plans to increase.
Now they have a roadside stall with a Swiss vending machine and milk available for $2 a litre. Eyeing its prime position on the new Nelson Tasman cycle trails network, the milk stand is part of attracting more people to Riverside, including its cafe, gallery, and workshop.
Manager Florian Pauls says there is a worldwide trend for raw milk and New Zealand is simply following the trend for conscious consumption, or knowing where your food comes from.
The latest dairy farmer involved is Warwick King on his farm at the Glen. He has been selling a small amount of milk, about 20 litres a week, to customers who want to make cheese. Noticing a good business opportunity, Mr King is in the process of installing a vending machine of his own in the next few months.
"Most people who get onto it seem to think it's wonderful," he says. "We can see the benefits from it, not just economically but from a health point of view too. I think we're in a niche market out here, the only dairy farm this side of Nelson."
They get all sorts of customers at Village Milk, Philippa Houston says: mums, young people in souped-up cars, elderly couples, single men. "It's not a niche or an alternative thing at all."
Mark Houston attributes its popularity to a consumer base that is becoming increasingly suspicious of processed food, and a growing coterie of locavores intent on knowing who produces it and how they're doing it. Having the cow-to-bottle local milk supply also cuts waste in plastic and food miles.
The rising appetite for raw milk comes as the Ministry for Primary Industries reviews regulations for its sale, including whether it might be made available off-farm. A ministry spokeswoman says the review is still being drafted and does not expect its release until next year.
Its 2011 consultation received 1700 submissions mostly in support of
increased daily limits and off-farm sales, and showed consumption was more extensive than it realised.
"This is a complicated process due to all the different scientific views and public demand," the spokeswoman says.
The newly formed Raw Milk Producers' Association plans to create a code of practice to assure consumers its product is safe, and set a standard to help protect New Zealand's dairy reputation.
President Ray Ridings agrees with the Houston's assertion that raw milk producers have to be extremely strict about monitoring cleanliness, keeping bacteria levels low, and testing regularly to protect the industry.
He says raw milk production at the moment is "very much ad-hoc", and it will soon be surveying its members to get a handle on the size of the market, of which it's currently estimated to make up about 3 per cent.
"It's much bigger than the Government realised before it embarked on its review," Mr Ridings says. "I put it down to a real move by people to get back to less processed food, and that's mirrored with farmers' markets and people growing their own gardens. They want to get their food as close to the source as possible."
He sees it as part of a wider social change. "It's throughout the world. The internet has made more information available about what people are eating and drinking, and those that want to educate themselves find the information relatively easily."
Raw milk is not a threat to the dairy industry of New Zealand, he says. The vast majority of our milk goes overseas, so the local New Zealand market is tiny for farm-gate producers. It's also a different product. "Some people can't drink processed milk at all because they have reactions to it."
However, it's also a product that must carry warning labels in much of the world, including in Canada and England, and raw milk products are illegal in Australia.
Raw milk is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria including listeria, e.coli, and salmonella, and can carry diseases including tuberculosis, though a TBfree spokesman says, on average, a cow with TB in its udder is found about once every three years in New Zealand and the risk is low.
In the past two years 55 New Zealanders have been admitted to hospital for food poisoning linked to raw milk products, according to the Ministry of Health, though a Nelson Marlborough District Health Board spokeswoman said Public Health was not aware of any notifiable diseases arising from the consumption of raw milk that have led to hospital admission.
The ministry recently warned that consumers might not be fully aware of the risks associated with it, as it hasn't been pasteurised to destroy harmful bacteria. It recommended young children, the frail elderly, pregnant women and anyone with a weakened immune system avoid drinking it because they were more vulnerable to getting sick, and their illnesses would likely be more severe.
Cawthron microbiologist Ron Fyfe says that, personally, he wouldn't drink it either. The institute does raw milk testing in the region, though Mr Fyfe cannot talk about Cawthron's clients.
"Most companies now have very good hygiene conditions, [and] it's fine as long as all their hygiene procedures are in place, but milk is a very rich substance when it comes to being a food for bacteria," he says. "There's a limited market for people who want to drink it. Most others including myself would prefer pasteurised because it reduces the risk of bacteria.
"In most of these instances small companies are dealing with a small number of beasts so they're pretty much on top of what's going on in their herd. There's no reason why they can't have very good hygiene conditions with all the technology available to them, but it's still a risk.
"You never know about next week's batch. There are so many variables in dealing with products like that."
However, raw milk fans are not worried about infection. They've checked out the farmers' testing regimes and bacteria counts, and say the milk tastes better, is more digestible, has more vitamins and good bacteria, and cures allergies, asthma, eczema, and lactose intolerance.
Tony Robson-Burrell, the head chef at the Moutere Inn, first tasted Village Milk in Takaka and they've been buying it from the Moutere vending machine for the past few months. The family drinks about eight litres a week.
"It's far superior to homogenised, pasteurised milk," Mr Robson-Burrell says. "It's just so creamy, so rich; the flavour is great. I think it just adds to our healthy lifestyle. I firmly believe that what we eat as a family means we're really healthy. We've got lots of get up and go."
He'd like to use it in his job, such as making his own ice-cream, if legislation allowed it.
"It's something we would be interested in using if we could."
Verena Maeder has been drinking Wangapeka's raw milk for more than a year. She has coeliac disease and says she is able to digest raw milk, where it was often a problem before. "It is one of the best choices we have ever made in regards to food," she says.
- Nelson
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iPod tops brand survey
Apple's iPod ranks as the top brand in the eyes of Americans, according to a national study conducted by Landor Associates, a leading branding and design consultancy, and research firm Penn, Schoen & Berland. The 2005 ImagePower Newsmaker Brands Survey examines Americans' attitude toward the top brands.
"Four Internet brands (Google, eBay, Amazon.com and Yahoo!) are among the top 10 winning brands in 2005, while the iPod brand earned the No. 1 overall spot. The release of the shuffle, nano and video iPods in 2005 combined with effective branding efforts helped iPod continue its domination of the MP3 market," the firms said. "Other technology brands in the top 20 include DVR, Xbox 360 and SIRIUS Satellite Radio."
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DVR is not a brand. Nor is iPod. They are products. This like when Bill Gates was named top CEO, even after he resigned. Stupid, Stupid, Stupid.
Posted by LC Angell on December 29, 2005 at 6:32 PM (CST)
Sorry, This is like…
Posted by LC Angell on December 29, 2005 at 6:36 PM (CST)
'iPod' is INDEED a brand; just look at how Apple uses the name:
iPod Shuffle,
iPod Mini,
iPod nano,
U2 iPod,
Video iPod,
and who knows what else will follow…
'iPod' and 'iMac' in their own context are no different than 'Chevrolet' or 'Cadillac' for GM.
Posted by LC Angell on December 30, 2005 at 3:45 PM (CST)
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Player dearth forces South Canterbury to pull out
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Lack of available players means South Canterbury cricket will not send a girls' team to the South Island secondary schools tournament.
Cricket South Canterbury acting chief executive Mark Medlicott said a squad of about 16 started training six weeks ago but several of the senior players pulled out.
"Courtney Buckman was also selected for the Canterbury Magicians side and wasn't available.
"Three of the better players pulled out over the next week and before long we were down to eight, then five."
Despite work by cricket development officer Shane Gilkinson with Canterbury Cricket to get a solution, it was not successful, Medlicott said.
Several of the girls' parents who were left decided it was not worth going with an under-strength team and especially as they had to foot a percentage of the cost.
"Also we needed to cancel accommodation, van hire, caterers and give the tournament organisers a chance to adapt their tournament."
Medlicott said the decision to pull out was disappointing but the fact that there were only two secondary school teams - Timaru Girls' High School and Craighead - had also had an impact.
Former chief executive Tony Lewis, during his brief stay, had said growing the girls' numbers was to be a focus.
Medlicott said despite re-arranged playing times and locations to suit the teams' requests, it had not led to an expansion of the competition at this stage.
"We have a strong year 7 to 8 group of girls training at present and these girls generally play in the mixed JAB teams.
"Also we are looking at new ideas for integrating secondary girls' cricket in with boys' cricket, perhaps in fourth grade as a way of strengthening both competitions in the new year or next season."
Medlicott said this could make it easier for the primary girls to continue on.
- The Timaru Herald
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Small historic towns
We offer you your welcome
You will still find here what many of us have already lost: more time for a chat, more sensitivity for the little things in life and more pleasure in enjoying some of the joys that life gives to us.
15 Small Historic Towns hidden all over Austria like special gems allow you to participate in history and ambiance, pleasures of the table and very special hospitality, far from all hectic rush and the noise of the city.
A truly fabulous experience
Dive into the varied history of the town and its inhabitants - being home to one of Europe's last well-preserved medieval bathhouses, one of the oldest original bell foundries, the former imperial stronghold of Ranshofen Castle and the "Heimathaus" museum of the Danube Swabians who settled in the town after 1945, Braunau offers a rich cultural spectrum spanning all epochs.
A Little Bit of Italy between Drau and Isel
A lively settlement since the Bronze Age in the valley floor between the Drau and Isel rivers. Excavations of the Roman town of Aguntum (A.D. 50–450).
The original settlement was expanded by the Counts of Gorizia in the 11th and 12th centuries who built, among others, Bruck Castle and the Carmelite monastery.
Baden bei Wien
Baden bei Wien
Town of Roses and Horticulture
A certain Gottlieb Biedermeier – in his capacity of invented literary figure – lent his name to an entire epoch and is considered the epitome of this era, its people and lifestyle.
Baden bei Wien is Biedermeier through and through and a nostalgic place. Zest for life, entertainment and fun are the dominating forces; the town hosts the biggest casino of central europe, a modern roman spa and an operetta theatre renowned far beyond Austria's borders.
Bad Ischl
Bad Ischl
The Emperor's Great Love
There are many places in Austria where you can still feel the imperial atmosphere. But nowhere else can this special time in Austrian history be better felt than here, in the middle of the salzkammergut region.
The hapsburg family selected Bad Ischl to spend their summers and to find peace and quiet away from their duties at court.