text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|11 oct. 1994
|Date de dépôt
|1 oct. 1992
|Date de priorité
|1 oct. 1992
|État de paiement des frais
|Numéro de publication
|Martin L. Furse
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Andronic Technologies, Inc.
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (54), Citations hors brevets (4), Référencé par (74), Classifications (13), Événements juridiques (7)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
The present invention refers to a method and apparatus for separating a pre-selected phase of a sample of liquid such as blood contained in a chamber, and pertains to means for ordering the phases of a sample of liquid contained in a chamber by rotating the chamber about its longitudinal axis. In particular, the invention pertains to apparatus for collecting a blood sample in a tubular chamber, separating the phases of the blood sample by rotating the tubular chamber about its longitudinal axis, and receiving from the chamber the separated phases in order of phase. Particularly, the invention pertains to a blood collection tube having ends separated by a separating element where a first end receives a sample of blood and a pre-selected phase of the blood may be received from the other end.
Blood to be analyzed for diagnostic and monitoring purposes is customarily collected by venipuncture through a special cannula or needle attached to a syringe or evacuated collection tube. Such collection techniques and devices must offer ease and flexibility of use because of the large number of blood specimens that are processed and because of requirements for additives, variable volumes and adaptation to individual medical conditions.
Separation of the constituent phases, serum or plasma from the cells, is often necessary for laboratory analysis and is usually carried out by centrifugation or, occasionally, by filtration. This separation may require fractionation of minor as well as major components. Once separated the phases are best kept in an inert container, physically and chemically isolated, to avoid disturbance of analyte concentrations. It may be necessary to store them under controlled environmental conditions of temperature, atmosphere or light.
Thus there is a need for a blood collection and separation device or system which combines the features of: ability to separate the blood phases under conditions which limit personnel exposure; maintenance of these phases separated and unchanged; monitoring of gross characteristics of the phases; ready adaptability to varying blood collection requirements; and flexibility for stand-alone use or integration into automated systems.
Serum and plasma are commonly used analytical samples. If serum is desired the specimen must be permitted to clot or coagulate before further separation is attempted. Activation of this clot formation may result as a consequence of contact with the glass collection tube in which the blood was collected and can be enhanced by the addition of various clot-activating materials as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,189,382 by Zine. If plasma is desired the specimen must have an anticoagulant mixed with it immediately after collection. For this purpose such anticoagulant materials are commonly placed in blood collection devices at the time of manufacture.
The most commonly used blood collection devices are evacuated tubes. They are characterized by advantages and disadvantages in certain situations. The pre-evacuated blood collection tube (such as described by Kleiner U.S. Pat. No. 2,460,641) has the following advantages: once sterilized, its interior remains sterile without additional packaging; simplicity of structure and use, in that its basic form consists of only a glass tube permanently closed at one end with a rubber stopper in the open end; and it is self-sealing when blood drawing is complete and the cannula which was used to puncture the rubber stopper has been removed.
The blood plasma or serum phase is readily separated from the blood cells or clot phase by centrifugation since the specific gravities of these two phases are different. The recommended and usual practice is to centrifuge the specimen at a relative centripetal acceleration of 1000 to 1200 gravities for about 10 minutes. Various materials and devices have been described to physically separate the serum or plasma from the cellular phase, which are either activated during centrifugation or applied after separation is complete. These include gel-like compositions with densities intermediate to the phases as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,350,593 by Kessler and U.S. Pat. No. 3,852,194 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,083,784 by Zine. Such substances, as commonly used, are sealed in the evacuated blood collection tube at the time of manufacture and will migrate to, and form a barrier at, the interface between the blood phases under the influence of the correct centrifugal force. A problem with such materials is that although they are made from substances with low chemical reactivity they nevertheless contain substances which will contaminate the serum or plasma (such as low levels of some metals used as catalysts for the formation of those compositions). Some substances which are determined by blood analysis (such as low concentrations of organic-soluble, hydrophobic drugs) can be significantly adsorbed or absorbed out of the sample by such gel-like materials, resulting in incorrect analyses. Other separators consisting of a variety of plug-like objects have been used as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,492,634 by Villa-Real, U.S. Pat. No. 3,508,653 by Coleman, U.S. Pat. No. 4,417,981 by Nugent, U.S. Pat. No. 4,425,235 by Cornell, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,369,117 by White. Unfortunately, these devices are more expensive to make and insert into the pre-evacuated collection tube and the barriers they provide are no more reliable or effective than the simpler, less expensive gel-like separation materials.
Irrespective of the relative expense of plug-like barrier devices, the main problem with such barriers of the prior art is that during blood collection it is impossible to keep blood from getting between the tube closure and the barrier device. Coleman, U.S. Pat. No. 3,508,653 describes a plug-like barrier which is removably attached to the stopper, but does not demonstrate how blood is prevented from being interposed between the stopper and plug-like barrier. In fact, he states that the plug need not be attached to the stopper, but only restrained from moving prior to centrifugation. Since Coleman's barrier must allow passage of fluid around it when pressure is applied, it follows that the space between the barrier and stopper, along with the rest of the tube, is evacuated prior to blood collection. If the space between the stopper and barrier is evacuated, then blood may forcibly fill the space between the two parts. This is entirely unacceptable because there is no certain way of isolating the cellular blood component of the blood located between the barrier and the stopper from the separated serum or plasma thus negating the effect of the barrier. Both Nugent U.S. Pat. No. 4,417,981 and Adler U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,646 try to address this problem by providing a path for the whole blood to move around and past the plug-like barrier during sample collection or centrifugation. However, in practice once blood interposed between the stopper and barrier has clotted, these passages are insufficient to ensure that the cellular component of the interposed blood will migrate to the other side of the barrier during centrifugation. Both Nugent and Cornell U.S. Pat. No. 4,425,235 try to address this problem by including a migrating gel in their plug-like barriers, but this negates the benefits of solid barriers over gel barriers. White, Pat. No. 4,369,117, avoids the problem by inserting his plug-like barrier into the collection tube after blood collection has occurred. This is not desirable because an additional, hazardous step is required in handling an open tube.
An additional problem with many barriers is incomplete isolation of the serum or plasma from the cellular phase. In the case of gel-like barriers, severe jarring as might occur if the sample is shipped or mailed to a testing laboratory, may disrupt the seal provided by the barrier. If the isolation provided by the barrier is incomplete or disrupted, interaction of the separated phases will cause inaccurate analytical results. Moreover, prolonged contact of the blood phases with a gel-like barrier separator will increase the degree of analytical error caused by interaction between the blood and the barrier. Therefore, with most such devices it is necessary to separate the phases soon after the blood is collected and then transfer the separated plasma or serum to another container for prolonged storage or transport. Problems which then arise are that the transferred sample can become incorrectly identified and that the process of transfer exposes the user to potentially hazardous or infectious blood.
A portion of the serum or plasma may be completely isolated after centrifugation by a device which is inserted into the open end of the collection tube and permits the one-way flow of serum from the collection tube into a separate sampling container through a filter which prevents any of the fibrin from passing into the serum or plasma sample. Fibrin in blood serum can cause blood analysis machines to clog; therefore, many clinical chemistry laboratories filter all serum as a precaution. Such filtering devices are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,464,254 by Dojki, U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,646 by Adler, U.S. Pat. No. 4,602,995 by Cassaday and are manufactured and distributed under the name of "serum/plasma filter" by W. Sarstedt, Inc. It is possible to isolate the phases of blood with such a device so as to prevent diffusion of ions or other interaction between the phases. However, their use requires additional manipulation of the collection tube, consequent exposure of the user to the blood specimen and risk of contamination of the sample. Related devices employ multiple flexible containers with provision for flow of blood fractions from the collecting blood bag into a separate reservoir (for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,447,220 by Eberle and U.S. Pat. No. 4,322,298 by Persidsky) but these are bulky complex systems only for the separation of anticoagulated blood and are not suitable for collection and preparation of samples for routine clinical analysis.
In some situations the use of conventional centrifuges to separate serum or plasma from the cellular component of blood specimens is undesirable because it requires a large and expensive centrifuge, best suited for separating batches of several specimens simultaneously. This operation is inefficient when the serial analyses of single samples is urgently required. Time must also be taken to properly balance the centrifuge rotor to prevent excessive vibration which may damage the machine and specimens. An apparatus such as the "StatSpin" axial centrifuge, developed and manufactured by Norfolk Scientific, Inc. (Norwood, Mass.), can effect this separation on a single specimen more quickly, however, the technique employed by this apparatus is limited to anticoagulated blood, collected separately in a conventional blood collection device and transferred to a specialized centrifuge chamber containing gel-like separation material. Moreover this transfer increases the hazard of contamination or loss of the sample, misidentification, and exposure of the operator to potentially infectious material in the blood. The use of an additional container increases the cost of analyzing a sample.
Similar objections and disadvantages apply to the "ACR-90" centrifuge chamber, rotor and "Airfuge" drive manufactured and sold by Spinco Division of Beckman Instruments, Inc. (Palo Alto, Calif.). This rotor is dual chambered and intended for isolation of the large lipid particles from lipemic sera. At high rotational speeds (typically greater than 90,000 rpm) the plastic chamber deforms, permitting the less dense lipid phase to migrate to a second chamber where it is trapped. Other axially spun centrifuge rotors, with a single volume often divided by vanes, are well known as "zonal rotors" and used for harvesting particles from a large volume (0.3-1.7 liters) of dilute solution such as preparations for vaccine by virologists and other such macromolecular isolates (Anderson, N. G.: Preparative zonal centrifugation. Methods of Biochemical Analysis 1967; 15: 271-310). Zonal rotors may be loaded and unloaded through a rotating seal while spinning (dynamically). A majority cannot be loaded or unloaded statically, while a few cannot be loaded or unloaded dynamically. In either case they are usually used for ultracentrifugation at rotational speeds of 20,000-60,000 rpm. Fluids are loaded by a pump and unloaded from them by displacement with air or a denser fluid pumped in during rotation. A single chamber, axially spun, centrifuge rotor with a variable volume which can be used for separation of plasma from blood was described by Brown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,530,691. This is intended for preparation of blood fractions for therapeutic use and relies upon the fractionation by centrifugation and isolation of those fractions by release of pressure exerted by a spring-loaded movable mandrel upon a flexible chamber. In this way the higher density cellular components can be taken off from the outer radius and the plasma through the center through fluid conduits while the rotor is in motion. Neither of these technologies (zonal ultracentrifugation nor centrifuge with a movable mandrel) is suitable for the fractionation of blood specimens as normally required for clinical analyses. The volumes are too large; they require the use of anticoagulants and cannot be used with clotted whole blood; and they are not readily adapted for automated procedures.
Procedures for blood separation and analysis expose laboratory personnel to infectious agents that may be passed through contact with blood; e.g. hepatitis or acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In addition, conventional batch processing of blood specimen separation is labor-intensive and has not generally been automated whereas other processes in clinical laboratories have. Automation of blood separation can effectively isolate laboratory personnel from the dangers of blood processing while theoretically increasing the speed of the overall analytical procedure.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,828,716, 5,019,243, and 5,030,341 by McEwen et al. describe a method of separating a sample of blood contained in a tubular chamber wherein the tubular chamber and its contents are rotated about the chamber's longitudinal axis and providing a means of processing a sample of blood having the features of: ability to separate the blood phases under conditions which limit personnel exposure; maintenance of these phases separated and unchanged; monitoring of gross characteristics of the phases; ready adaptability to varying blood collection requirements; and flexibility for stand-alone use or integration into automated systems. The present invention provides an improved blood collection and separation device according to the invention of McEwen et al as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,828,716, 5,019,243, and 5,030,341.
The present invention provides a method of partitioning a pre-selected phase of a sample of liquid having a plurality of phases of different densities, comprising the steps of:
(a) Introducing a sample of liquid through a first end of a tube and into a first chamber within the tube wherein the first chamber is separated from a second chamber at a second end of the tube by a separating element. The separating element slidably engages the interior surface of the tube wall in an essentially fluid-tight manner and has a flow-restriction orifice therein to permit fluid flow between the first and second chambers when influenced by a force.
(b) Ordering the phases of the liquid within the tube using axial centrifugation.
(c) While the phases are ordered, reducing the volume of the first chamber so as to cause one phase of the liquid to flow through the flow-restriction orifice. The phase that is then in the second chamber may be removed through the second end of the tube.
The flow-restriction orifice permits fluid flow while the volume of the first chamber is being reduced, but restricts flow at other times.
Initially the second chamber may be an incipient chamber that forms as the separating element is moved within the tube.
The method allows fluid to flow through a passage so that it can be monitored external to the tube.
The method also allows that the liquid that is being separated is serum or plasma.
The method also allows that the method employs centrifugal force to effect separation.
A tube for partitioning and separating a sample of liquid having a plurality of phases of different densities is also disclosed. The tube has a separating element located within the tube that separates the tube into two chambers. The separating element slidably engages the interior surface of the tube wall in an essentially fluid-tight manner and has a passage for fluid flow between the chambers. The passage is initially closed to prevent premature fluid flow. The tube has sealable openings at both ends.
The passage through the separating element has a flow-restriction orifice for restricting the flow of liquid. The flow restriction may also be a valve. The passage may also include a convoluted path.
The separating element may include a filter means for filtering liquid that passes through the passage.
The passage may comprise a space formed between the separating element and the interior wall of the tube.
The invention is described with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing a double-ended blood collection tube in which is located a separating element.
FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the separating element of the preferred embodiment.
FIG. 3 shows a cross-section of the separating element showing its configuration during use when separating a sample of liquid and shows, by arrows, the general direction of fluid flow.
FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of the preferred embodiment of the separating element and including a spring which causes a substantially impermeable post-separation fluid seal.
FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of the prefered embodiment of the separating element which includes a filter.
Referring to FIG. 1, blood tube 10 consists of cylindrical tube 12, first closure 14, second closure 16, and separating element 18. Cylindrical tube 12 is sealed at a first end by first closure 14 thereby creating a vessel capable of containing a liquid. A second and opposing end of cylindrical tube 12 is sealed by second closure 16. Positioned within the cylindrical tube 12 and between first closure 14 and second closure 16 is separating element 18. The location of separating element 18 between first closure 14 and second closure 16 divides the space within blood tube 10 into two chambers: first chamber 54 and second chamber 56. Second chamber 56 may be an incipient chamber which becomes second chamber 56 as separating element 18 is moved within cylindrical tube 12. Separating element 18 is slidably located within the tube and has first wiping seal 22 and second wiping seal 24 engaging the interior wall of cylindrical tube 12 in a substantially fluid-tight manner. Separating element 18 is generally shaped so as to create, together with the interior surface of cylindrical tube 12, annular passage 26.
Cylindrical tube 12 is substantially circular in cross-section and of substantially constant inside diameter along a major portion of its length. Cylindrical tube 12 is made of a substantially clear and rigid plastic such as Selar polyamide which is manufactured by E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company of Wilmington Delaware U.S.A.. Other transparent materials such as high-impact polystyrene, PET, polycarbonate, or glass may be used.
First closure 14 and second closure 16 are similar to stoppers of blood collection tubes known in the art. The portion of first closure 14 and second closure 16 which contacts the interior of cylindrical tube 12 so as to create an air-tight seal is generally made of an elastomeric material such as bromobutyl rubber that reseals after being punctured by a needle or a probe. In the preferred embodiment first closure 14 is constructed so as to be suitable for puncture by a blood drawing needle such as those known in the art. Second closure 16 is constructed to be suitable for puncture by a probe such as that described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,828,716 of McEwen et al.. Although first closure 14 and second closure 16 are shaped having flat ends, one or more of the closures may have a different shape.
Separating element 18 consists generally of fluid control element 20 and separator body 28. Separating element 18 divides the space within the cylindrical tube 12 into first chamber 54 and second chamber 56 wherein second chamber 56 may be initially an incipient chamber which becomes second chamber 56 when the separator is moved within cylindrical tube 12. Separator body 28 may be made of a rigid plastic such as polypropylene or polyethylene. Fluid control element 20 is constructed of a substantially rigid plastic such as nylon, HDPE, high-impact polystyrene or polycarbonate. The shape of the separator body 28 is such that annular passage 26 is formed between the interior surface of the cylindrical tube 12 and the separator body. As will be described later, fluid moving from first chamber 54 to second chamber 56 must pass through annular passage 26. Advantageously, when fluid is within annular passage 26 it may be optically monitored through the wall of cylindrical tube 12 from outside the tube.
The present invention may be used for blood collection and separation. The present invention is intended for use in axial centrifugation as described by McEwen et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,828,716 and may be used for conventional centrifugation as well. In practice, blood is collected into the present invention in a manner similar to that used for evacuated blood collection tubes known in the art where first closure 14 is analogous to the stopper of a conventional blood collection tube. After blood has been introduced into blood tube 10 the sample may be processed in an axial centrifuge such that a probe pierces second closure 16 and pushes separating element 18 along the tube to accomplish axial centrifugation according to the method of McEwen et al.
FIG. 2 shows separating element 18 in more detail as it appears prior to use. Separating element 18 generally consists of separator body 28 and fluid control element 20.
Separator body 28 consists of first flange 30, second flange 32, waist 34, floor 35, fluid entry channel 37, breakaway tip 36, first valve seat 38, second valve seat 40, first flow-restriction orifice 42, second flow-restriction orifice 44, first wiping seal 22 and second wiping seal 24. Waist 34 is generally shaped as a hollow cylinder and has an outside diameter somewhat smaller than the inside diameter of the cylindrical tube 12 of FIG. 1. First flange 32 is generally frustro-conical in shape with its narrow end joined with a first end of waist 34. Second flange 32 is likewise frustro-conical in shape and is joined at its narrow end to a second end of waist 34. Waist 34, together with first flange 30 and second flange 32 have a general shape corresponding to a hollow cylinder having a diminished diameter toward the middle of its length. Extending across the first end of waist 34 is floor 35 which together with fluid entry channel 37 and break-away tip 36 provide a barrier across the inside diameter of waist 34 that is initially impermeable to fluid. Fluid entry channel 37 is generally a hollow cylinder and is attached substantially in the center of floor 35 by a first end and extends in a direction towards first flange 30 and away from waist 34. Fluid entry channel 37 is terminated at a second end by break-away tip 36. First flange 30, floor 35, fluid entry channel 37 and break-away tip 36 are of one piece and form an initially impermeable fluid barrier when located within cylindrical tube 12 of FIG. 1. Also part of separator body 28 is first valve seat 38 which comprises a circular ring that is one piece with waist 34 and forms a step on the inside diameter of the waist 34 and is located at a first end of the waist 34 that is closest to the floor 35. As will be described, fluid control element 20 moves toward floor 35 to open a fluid passage through fluid entry channel 37. First valve seat 38 restrains fluid control element 20 from moving too far towards floor 35. Second valve seat 40 is similar in construction to first valve seat 38 but is located at a second end of waist 34 that is closest to second flange 32. Also incorporated into separator body 28 is first flow-restriction 42 comprising a small hole which penetrates waist 34 and first valve seat 38 between the exposed flat surface of first valve seat 38 and floor 35. Second flow-restriction orifice likewise comprises a small hole which penetrates the wall of waist 34 and is located diametrically opposite of first flow-restriction orifice 42, but near to second valve seat 40. Separator body 28 is preferably injection molded in one piece of plastic, but may be made of other materials or using other methods of manufacture.
In the preferred embodiment, the space between first flange 30 and second flange 32 is used for optically monitoring the separation process. Although optical monitoring is preferred other methods including visual or ultrasound may be used. When separating element 18 is located within cylindrical tube 12 (FIG. 1), first flange 30 and second flange 32 slidably engage the walls in a substantially fluid-tight manner.
Fluid control element 20 consists of valve 46 and rod 48. Valve 46 is generally disk shaped and is sized so as to slidably fit within waist 34 between first valve seat 38 and second valve seat 40. Valve 46 slidably engages the inside surface of waist 34 in a substantially fluid-tight manner. Rod 48 is substantially cylindrical in shape end extends from the center of valve 46 partway into fluid entry channel 37 toward break-away tip 36. Rod 48 has a diameter somewhat smaller that the interior diameter of fluid entry channel 37 so as to allow the passage of fluid between them.
In practice, separating element 18 is positioned within blood tube 10 (FIG. 1) so that the end of the element containing break-away tip 36 forms part of first chamber 54 into which blood is collected from a patient and forms an impermeable barrier initially preventing blood from flowing through or around the separating element 18.
FIG. 3a and 3b illustrate the separating element as it appears during use showing separating element 18 and probe 50 (arrows show the general direction of fluid flow). FIG. 3b is a view looking along the longitudinal axis of the tube to better describe the fluid flow through the separating element. Within an axial centrifuge similar to the design described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,828,716 and 5,030,341 of McEwen et al. a probe 50 is used to move separating element 18 within the blood tube 10 (FIG. 1) to effect separation of the fluid contained in the tube. When probe 50 begins to push on valve 46, separating element 18 resists movement due to a pressure build up in first chamber 54 caused by the lack of a fluid path around or through the separating element. When this pressure build up causes the force exerted through rod 48 on break-away tip 36 to exceed the strength of the joint between break-away tip 36 and fluid entry channel 37, breakaway tip 36 breaks away as shown, valve 46 moves to contact first valve seat 38, and rod 48 clears a path for fluid to flow through fluid entry channel 37. As the separating element 18 continues to move through the fluid, fluid control element 20 constrains the fluid to flow through first flow-restriction orifice 42 into annular passage 26, around waist 34, and through second flow-restriction orifice 44 into enlargening second cheer 56. Advantageously, the convoluted nature of the path through which the fluid must flow impedes fluid flow after the liquid has been separated according to the method of the invention.
In operation, a sample of liquid having phases of different densities such as blood in placed into the blood tube; the operation of the method of the invention will generally be described with reference to separation of blood into a cellular phase and a non-cellular phase. Still Referring to FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b, blood is introduced into first chamber 54. This can be done by removing first closure 14 (FIG. 1) and inserting the blood. However, the blood tube is normally evacuated and can be used to draw blood into first chamber 54 through a cannula pierced through first closure 14 (FIG. 1) as is common in the art.
The present invention is intended for use in an axial centrifuge similar to that described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,828,716 and 5,030,341 of McEwen et al. Within an axial centrifuge, the blood tube is rotated at high speed about its longitudinal axis to effect separation of the cellular phase from a lighter, non-cellular phase so that the heavier cellular phases is closest to tube wall 52. Once separation of the phases is substantially complete, probe 50 of the axial centrifuge penetrates second closure 16, engages fluid control element 20, and begins to exert force on the separating element through fluid control element 20. Eventually, the pressure in first chamber 54 increases to the point that break-away tip 36 gives way before rod 48 so that fluid entry channel 37 is opened and fluid begins to flow along the path described by the heavy arrows shown in FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b. Probe 50 continues to exert force on separator 18 moving it along the tube thereby decreasing the volume of first chamber 54. As the volume of first chamber 54 is decreased, the phase that is closest to the longitudinal axis of the blood tube is forced through fluid entry channel 37, through first flow-restriction port 42, though annular passage 26, through second flow-restriction port 44, and into second chamber 56. First, air and non-cellular phase enter annular passage 26 followed by the cellular phase. When cellular phase begins to enter annular passage 26 the cellular phase moves against tube wall 52 and accumulates there obscuring the optical path between tube wall 52 and separator 18 thereby signalling an optical monitoring means which in turn signals probe 50 to stop moving. While the tube is still rotating, the probe is withdrawn from the tube so that it does not come into direct contact with the noncellular phase that is now in second chamber 56. In this way, probe 50 remains uncontaminated so that it can be used on subsequent blood tubes without causing cross-contamination. The rotation of the tube is then stopped and the blood tube is removed from the axial centrifuge. The non-cellular phase may then be removed from second cheer 56 by removing second closure 16 (FIG. 1) and pipetting or pouring the contents. Due to the smallness of the quantity of cellular phase required to signal the optical monitoring means, the convoluted nature of the fluid path, and the small diameters of first flow-restriction orifice 42 and second flow-restriction orifice 44, the cellular phase remains substantially segregated from non-cellular phase (now in second chamber 56). Although adequate under normal circumstances, if the processed tube is handled carelessly or if shipped through the mail or other transport, second flow-restriction orifice 44 may not adequately keep the separated phases isolated. An additional element may be added to the preferred embodiment (FIG. 4) which maintains a more effective post-separation segregation of the phases.
FIG. 4 shows an implementation of the preferred embodiment that includes a spring 60 that returns valve 46 to a position resting against second valve seat 40 so that after a sample of fluid has been separated, the fluid path is closed thereby maintaining isolation of the separated phases of the liquid. When valve 46 is seated against second valve seat 40, second flow-restriction orifice 44 is sealed and the non-cellular phase contained in second chamber 56 (FIG. 3a) segregated from the cellular phases in annular passage 26 (FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b).
Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 5a and FIG. 5b. Filter 62 is formed on the exterior flat surface of valve 46 and includes top seal 64. Filter 62 is generally circular and disk shaped having a diameter somewhat less than the inside diameter of second valve seat 40. Valve 46 is formed on a first surface of filter 62 by the process of "insert molding" or some other manufacturing process. Top seal 64 is likewise formed on a second and opposing surface of filter 62 by insert molding or other process. Although shown in a simplified form, features may be formed in filter 62, top seal 64, and/or valve 46 so as to securely fasten them together. Filter 62 is made from a porous material such as Porex ™ manufactured by Porex Technologies of Fairburn, Ga., U.S.A.. In use, when separating element 18 is moved according to the method previously described, Filter 62, Valve 46, and top seal 64 are pushed and snapped past second valve seat 40. Top seal 64 seals against the body of separator 18 so as to constrain fluid flowing through second flow-restriction orifice 44 to flow through filter 62. In this way fibrin and other particulate may be filtered from the non-cellular phase. Advantageously, filter 62 further prevents cellular phase from remixing with non-cellular phase after separation has been completed.
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|Classification aux États-Unis
|210/789, 210/137, 210/516
|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|Classification européenne
|5 nov. 1992
Owner name: ANDRONIC TECHNOLOGIES INC., BRITISH COLUMBIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FURSE, MARTIN LEWIS;REEL/FRAME:006290/0552
Effective date: 19920929
|11 mai 1994
Owner name: ANDRONIC TECHNOLOGIES INC., BRITISH COLUMBIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FURSE, MARTIN LEWIS;REEL/FRAME:006990/0054
Effective date: 19920929
Owner name: ANDRONIC TECHNOLOGIES, INC., CANADA
Free format text: CHANGE OF ADDRESS OF ASSIGNEE;ASSIGNOR:FURSE, MARTIN LEWIS;REEL/FRAME:006990/0051
Effective date: 19940506
|22 juil. 1994
Owner name: DUPONT CANADA INC., CANADA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ANDRONIC TECHNOLOGIES INC.;REEL/FRAME:007070/0676
Effective date: 19940503
|12 mars 1998
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|30 avr. 2002
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|11 oct. 2002
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|10 déc. 2002
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20021011


text:
Marshall-Saline Development Corporation entered into a contract with Slater High School's graduating class of 1965 during MSDC's board meeting Tuesday, Dec. 8.
The agreement, entered into under Project Footprint, is similar to MSDC's agreement with Sweet Springs Alumni Association, and names MSDC as the body responsible for creating and maintaining an alumni database with contact information for alumni, in addition to other responsibilities.
Entrepreneurship Development Associate Josh King said he has also been in contact with Marshall High School officials regarding that school's alumni.
The board also discussed the $2,500 in funds provided by the Marshall Tourism Commission, which will go to support Project Footprint.
Executive Director Roy Hunter reported on progress made on the various projects in which MSDC is currently involved.
Project Green, also known as the Saline Green Project, is due to have its timeline set during a meeting of officials this week, during which they will discuss funding for the project.
"Failure to achieve a long-term funding agreement could jeopardize a 2010 project start," wrote Hunter.
There was no new information to report on the Monsanto expansion project or Project Atlas, said Hunter.
Much time has been spent on Project Scorpion over the previous 30 days, said Hunter, giving him some "very positive movement to report." Tests have been conducted in Saline County, and one project official has verbally noted his interest in this location.
Some progress has been made on the Marshall Junction project, and communication is continuing, said Hunter, adding that he hopes to see some activity on the cloverleaf highway exchanges in early January.
Hunter said that because he is having a "hard time getting committed numbers" from other parties, he will submit two budgets to the board, both of which will be "tough."
"Things can happen within the first 30 to 60 days that could change the budget completely," he said.
Some property listings on MSDC's Web site have been changed after communication began between MSDC and local realtors, said King. New properties are also now listed.
Larry Holland and Gene Fangmann were unanimously voted to serve as at-large members of the board.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Thanks for helping us sort this video!
Thanks for helping us associate the correct Pornstars to this video!
Help Us: Do these Pornstars appear in this video?
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All Comments (7)
esta potra esbuena
That's definitely Lannie Barbie!
please do it stupin up
It is lanny barbie
Looks like the legendary twat Bruno B... and is that Lannie Barbie?


text:
It's like the guy from X-men.
For all the Bronies of Moddb to unite as one, a place to share pictures and video's of all ponies alike and to talk about upcoming events and shows.
It's like the guy from X-men.
You mean Cyclops?
Equestria girls, biggest abomination of 2013. No amount of X-Men references will change that fact.
I disagree yet agree. I saw it and it was pretty good. Horrible concept to play off of, but it was done good.
Whatever floats your boat compadre.
I actually enjoyed it too. :)
Or then ppl are just over-reacting k
Would be fun to see this scene, unfortinutally it wasnt there as much as I could tell. Just watched it.
Cant say much on it, if people cant tell what **** looks like, let them think its gold.
Another unknown artist
this have to teach you how NOT to take other people glasses wen they wear it all the time.


text:
Every time I boot into OSX or Windows, Steam automatically starts.
Is there a way to stop Steam starting whenever I boot up my computer?
Every time I boot into OSX or Windows, Steam automatically starts.
Is there a way to stop Steam starting whenever I boot up my computer?
This can be done from within the Steam client
There is an option within Steam that toggles whether or not Steam starts with your computer. To change it, open up the main Steam window and select 'Settings' from the 'Steam' menu, followed by selecting the 'Interface' tab, which brings up the following screen;
Simply uncheck 'Run Steam when my computer starts' to prevent Steam from starting with your computer. (Obviously if you wanted to Steam to start with your PC, you'd check this box instead of unchecking it!)
OSX = open steam then next to apple icon in top left corner steam > preferences > interface then uncheck - 'run steam when my computer starts'
In Windows 7 click the Start menu and type
An alternative solution on Windows 8 is to open task manager and disable Steam Client Bootstrapper from the Start-up tab.
Note: This is an override switch to Steam's setting. You cannot re-enable it from Steam settings after disabling it here.
Thank you for your interest in this question.
Because it has attracted low-quality or spam answers that had to be removed, posting an answer now requires 10 reputation on this site.
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text:
Leopoldo M. Hernández was born in Havana in 1921 and grew up in Cuba's capital city. His elementary education at the Colegio Marista Champagnot was followed by that of the secondary Instituto de Segunda Enseñanza de la Vibora, a Havana neighborhood. He became a lawyer, obtaining his doctorate in jurisprudence from the Universidad de La Habana in 1945. To that point Hernández had dabbled in the short story, a traditional Cuban genre, but at age twenty-six he began writing drama and thereafter he never ceased writing. The short story genre has yielded fourteen stories in English, all unpublished, and some sixty-three stories in Spanish. Twenty-three of these won the CCC literary prize and were published in a book entitled Cuentos viejos, breves, minúsculos ( San Sebastián: CCC, 1977.) Others have appeared in Bohemia ( "El niño cueruso" in 1959, and "La carretilla," "La décima," and "La sonrisa" in 1960), in Los Angeles' Revista América ( "Danny" in 1971 and "La mica" in 1973) and in UCLA's Mester ( "La montaña" in 1969). Hernández also has three unpublished novels ( "Y salieron del humo," from 1975, Letras de Oro finalist in 1988; "Diario Cero" from 1974 and "Kiri" from 1974, this one a novella), and poetry together with other prose works. Of the later his most important is Eric: viñetas sobre un ladrón chiquito, Los Angeles, 1972. His one book, "Carta a mi madre muerta" y "Carta a mi madre viva": Dos poemas, appeared in Havana, 1960, in limited edition.
His production in Spanish and in English includes more than fifty plays (some forty-three conventional plays, nine monologues, and a fourteen scene tableau entitled Extraño mundo nuestro). His plays have been recognized with prizes and awards, staged and published. Those receiving awards in Cuba are "La pendiente," by Sala Arlequín in 1959, "El mudo," "Los huesos," and "El barquito de papel" (a children's play), all receiving government recognition in 1961, and "Martínez," which was recognized in 1980 and staged in Los Angeles a year later by the Bilingual Foundation of the Arts with Luis Ávalos playing the lead role. Published plays include a book written under the pseudonym of Karlo Thomas entitled Teatro de la Revolución (Mexico, 1957), which collects three plays ( "La espalda," "La consagración del miedo" and "Los hombres mueren solos"), "Sombras" which appeared in Diario Libre, October, 1959, "Mañana, el sol" in Mestre I, 1 ( 1981); "La Pendiente" appeared in 1959 and merited the praise of Frank Dauster in his Historia del teatro hispanoamericano; he credits him with


text:
The secret to Imeem's success, ostensibly, lies with its ability to
offer for free just about anything at a user's request due to the
company's big, costly agreements with both the major labels and scores
and scores of indies. Imeem also sports a widely-used embeddable player
popular with blogs because of its simplicity. It gives users the
ability to create and share playlists and pays more attention to the
social networking aspects of streaming music than some of its
counterparts. People flocked to it between March of 2007 and March of
2008. Since last year, Imeem jumped 58% in the number of unique
visitors, in contrast with the two nearest competitors, Yahoo and AOL Music, which experienced -14% and -30% change, respectively.
Other runners up include ProjectPlaylist.com, Music.MSN.com, iLike.com, Last.fm and Jango.com.
Thanks to The Daily Swarm for the tip! Related links:News: Legal P2P program Grooveshark debuts web media playerPaste StationImeem.comGot news tips for Paste? E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com.
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Oxford BioTherapeutics Appoints Bryan G. Morton As Chairman
OXFORD, England, June 26, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Oxford BioTherapeutics (OBT), a global biotechnology company developing first-in-class, antibody-based cancer medicines to fulfil unmet patient needs, today announces the appointment of Bryan G. Morton as the Company's new Non-executive Chairman.Bryan Morton has over 30 years experience as a successful entrepreneur and senior manager in the pharmaceutical industry. Morton was previously CEO of EUSA Pharma, a global speciality oncology company, which was acquired by Jazz Pharmaceuticals (Nasdaq: JAZZ) in 2012 for $700 million. After founding EUSA in 2005, Morton was able to fund the company's growth by raising $265 million from several prominent life science investors, including Goldman Sachs, Essex Woodland, 3i, Advent, SV Life Sciences, Neomed and Novaquest. In 2003, Morton founded and was appointed CEO of Zeneus Pharma Ltd (2003), a European speciality oncology and critical care company. He sold Zeneus to Cephalon (Nasdaq: CEPH) for $360 million, delivering generous returns to Apax Partners, an early investor. Prior to running Zeneus, Morton was president of Convatec, EMEA (Bristol Myers Squibb, NYSE: BMY) and spent over 20 years in positions of increasing responsibility at Merck & Co (NYSE: MRK). Christian Rohlff, CEO and Founder of OBT, commenting on today's announcement said: "I am delighted that Bryan has decided to accept the position of Chairman at OBT. His success in building valuable businesses and knowledge of the cancer space in particular will be important as we look to further develop our pipeline of antibody based cancer medicines to fulfil unmet patient needs. I would like to take this opportunity to thank Dr Michael Moore for his wise counsel and support over the last three and a half years. During this time we have built OBT into a leading global mAb developer and have signed important development alliances with Menarini and Sanofi." Bryan G. Morton, Chairman of OBT, said: "I am glad to have this opportunity to work with Christian and the team at OBT. I have been very impressed at how they have leveraged the unique OGAP database to generate their own exciting pipeline of antibody medicines and to sign collaborations with a broad range of companies focused on developing new treatments for cancer. I am looking forward to using my experience in building successful specialty pharma businesses to allow me to make an important contribution to OBT as it enters the next phase of its corporate development." About Oxford BioTherapeutics
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text:
Chip and scratches in and on front of converted marrine tank
4 Attachment(s)
Hi all, I really need some help as I am new to fish keeping, I always wanted to keep tropical fish (no experience at all) I bought a Aquael reefmax 60 (105 litre) tank secondhand for £3.00 from a boot sale that has been converted in to a normal tank, all the rear filter thing has been removed (glass compartments etc)
I jumped at it for £3.00, I filled it up and all looked fine till I took a closer look at the glass at the front (bowed) and noticed a very small tiny chip on the inside of the tank I can only feel it when I run my nail over it, kind of feels like a scratch like the ones on the front (see pics), it is so small, it is just on the surface of the glass (inside) also there are several scratches on the outside I can feel these with my nail too, question is, is it safe, will it pop ???
Your much need advice and experience needed, Many thanks in advance
Also the glass is 6mm thick ?????
I think as long as you keep an eye on the chips and they never develop micro fractures you should be fine, you might try to fill the tank up out side and let it sit for a couple days if you have any worries.
IMHO I'm thinking it's surface/cosmetic and will be fine unless you obsess over it.
Hi thanks, the tank has been sitting in my living room for the last few days, I was a bit worried while out all day today 105 litres over the floor and all.
Thanks, I have been obsessing about it a bit
If that scratch/chip pops the whole tank my tanks are in big trouble. I don't think it will be a problem at all.
i have to agree with lorax, although i dont suggest anyone following me, this tank have been running for years,
and if i cant see it i dont think about it
on a serious note that is 1/2'' glass and why im probally getting away with it being as bad as it is. im sure the tank will be replaced one day anyways.
as for your damage, it appears only cosmetic as abbeysdad mentioned. the good thing about glass is that its alittle harder to scratch, the bad thing is, once it happens, your stuck with it.
That's a great looking tank you have there, I would love to have a marine tank.
Put a piece of tap next to the scratch. Very carefully with a pen or pencil (whatever will write on the tape and not smudge) draw lines at the edges of the chip. You can fold back one end of the tap leaving you a tab to easily pull it off later.
Come back a couple days later and see if it has grown at all.
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text:
- HondurasRetailFunding via Prisma Honduras, S.A.
Leyda Jacke...HondurasRetailFunding via Prisma Honduras, S.A.
G.s. Nuevo ...HondurasFoodFunding via Prisma Honduras, S.A.
Gs Paraiso De Oriente Group
Doña Yadira is requesting a loan in order to buy beans, rice, sugar, lard, oil, condiments, American clothes, stationery, cosmetics, and perfumes so that she can satisfy the demands of her customers. With the support of this loan, she will be able to attract more customers since the upcoming season is when she experiences high sales. This will enable her to generate more income so that she can cover her family's expenses and her financial commitments. Among her dreams are to have a storefront for her business and to provide a better quality of life for her family.
The other members are as follows:
• Sra. Yorlina makes handicrafts, but she also provides secretarial and beauty services. She has four years of experience.
• Sra. Claudia is in the retail trade. She has a shop where she sells American clothing and has two years of experience.
Danli El Paraíso, Honduras – October 2012
Doña Yadira esta solicitando el préstamo para la compra de frijoles, arroz, azúcar, manteca, aceite, condimentos, ropa americana clasificada, papelería, productos de cosmetología y perfumería para satisfacer la demanda de sus clientes, con el apoyo solicitado del préstamo doña Yadira, le contribuirá a tener una mejor clientela ya que se aproxima la temporada alta en ventas lo que le permitirá obtener mejores ingresos para cubrir los gastos familiares y compromisos financieros.
Doña Yadira uno de sus sueños es contar con su propio local para su negocio y darles una mejor calidad de vida a su familia.
La Señora Yorlina se dedica a realizar manualidades y servicios secretariales y de belleza cuenta con 4 años de experiencia.
La Señora Claudia, se dedica al comercio cuenta con una venta de ropa americana desde hace 2 años de experiencia en el manejo del mismo.
Danli El Paraíso, Honduras - Octubre 2012
Additional Information
Prisma Honduras, S.A.This loan is administered by Prisma Honduras. Prisma is one of Kiva's first field partners in Central America and has funded over 2,500 entrepreneurs through Kiva since 2008. Prisma funds smaller than average loans for micro-entrepreneurs to help them grow businesses in urban and rural areas. To improve living conditions in Honduras, the organization strives to empower women who lack access to traditional financial services, and promotes solar panels to deliver clean, affordable electricity to rural areas. Through its four branches in southern and central Honduras, Prisma provides access to financial products to some of the poorest and most isolated communities in the country.
This is a Group Loan
In a group loan, each member of the group receives an individual loan but is part of a larger group of individuals. The group is there to provide support to the members and to provide a system of peer pressure, but groups may or may not be formally bound by a group guarantee. In cases where there is a group guarantee, members of the group are responsible for paying back the loans of their fellow group members in the case of delinquency or default.
Kiva's Field Partners typically feature one borrower from a group. The loan description, sector, and other attributes for a group loan profile are determined by the featured borrower's loan. The other members of the group are not required to use their loans for the same purpose.
About Honduras
53View loans »
Success!! The loan was 100% repaid
- Repayment Term
- 10 months (Additional Information)
- Repayment Schedule
- Monthly
- Pre-Disbursed:
- Oct 12, 2012
- Listed
- Nov 7, 2012
- Currency Exchange Loss:
- Possible
- Ended:
- Sep 17, 2013


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AMC Loews 34th Street 14
312 West 34th Street,
New York,
11 people favorited this theater
This 14-screen megaplex was constructed during the building, or overbuilding, of mega-plexes that took place in Manhattan in the late 1990s into 2000.
Located only eight blocks from the much higher profile 42nd Street Loews E-Walk, the 34th Street mega-plex is somewhat off-the-beaten track between Eighth and Ninth Avenues.
When both theaters were Loews houses, much, if not all, of the fare was day and date with the E-Walk.
Recent comments (view all 54 comments)
I worked at a group that showed Transformers 2 in the IMAX screen. It was said that T2 would have scenes filmed in IMAX to support IMAX screens. Well, the screen, surprisingly works with it. Scenes did turn from IMAX to 35mm. It's slightly bigger than 42nd's but so much smaller than 68ths.
This theater has caught on, because there always seems to be a nice crowd — not over-packed, but just enough to have a good movie-going experience. I especially like the bargain matinees, and its proximity to Penn Station.
This theater is not too far from MSG.
I was here for the second time last month, and all was fine . Yes, tickets are $14- but it's midtown Manhatten.
Is there a Loews company anymore? Or are they just using the name. Now that AMC has been sold, I wonder if the Loews name will be dropped altogether..
I beleive that Loews is a brand of AMC . In NYC the Loews name goes back for nearly a century. The newspaper listings usually says AMC Loews so and so cinema
WHAT LANGUAGE WAS THAT ?? How does Loew's Jersey keep the Loew's name(I am glad they do ). The Kings is a beautiful theater no doubt, but the Jersey is out of this world beautiful with a pipe organ that will thrill you over & over. Kings should re-think the offer to give the original massive theater organ back to the people that own the Kings…It really would be the icing on the cake!!
This theater's proximity to Macy's and the Garden make it a popular tourist attraction for New Yorkers.
Sometimes complaining to Corporate works, A few months ago some bean-counter Manager got the bright idea to remove the paper towels from the rest rooms. Now if the hand dryers that are in there currently are inadequate and do not do a very good job in dying your hands, you leave with them still wet, also they are located over the counter in between the sinks, not the most ideal place for a hand dryer to be. To dry our hand properly we would have to go to concession stand to grab napkins to use to dry our hands with. Well we kept complaining over to AMC Corporate and voila, the hand towels are back in the restroom.
I remembered coming here in last year I saw 5 movies in IMAX at this theater the imax screen look different from the Lincoln Square imax screen version, as I put on the 3D glasses I said dammmmmnnnnn They got a good imax projection system .for that I'm thinking about seeing the finest hour in IMAX at this theater tommorow
Just login to your account and subscribe to this theater


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The towering hedge that once kept the public away from Bill Gates' bachelor pad has disappeared, and so apparently has the two-decades-long war that had some Laurelhurst neighbors up in arms - or at least pruning shears.
The Hedge
At times, it broke out into unneighborly shouting matches and pruning-shear raids on the 10-foot Russian laurel hedge bordering a home once owned by America's richest man, today the property of his sister and her husband, Libby and Doug Armintrout.
But the hedge that took over more than 2,000 square feet of parkland and emotionally divided the wealthy enclave has now been cut down and uprooted.
Left behind is a swath of dirt soon to be landscaped as part of the rectangular public property, a mostly filled-in historic ferry landing called Waterway No. 1 next to Lake Washington.
"We were encroaching on that property, and the neighbors really wanted to have that land back, and now they do," a conciliatory Libby Armintrout told the Seattle Times. "The toxicity is gone. It didn't feel good to pull out of the driveway and know people were upset."
Kate Lloyd, one of Armintrout's most vocally critical neighbors, earlier told the Weekly, "We've had several shouting matches out there." She led the charge to reclaim the slice of public property taken over by the Armintrouts and Gates, who sold his sister the $3 million home in 1994.
A neighbor couple on the opposite side of the parkland, Linda Lewis and her husband, Dr. Robert Lewis, also had a hedge encroaching the park but said they obtained a permit for it. They did have an unpermitted dock however, that encroached into the state waterway.
Recalling how Starbucks chair Howard Schultz once paved a driveway through a city park, Lloyd said "It's sort of like we have an aristocracy in Seattle that thinks it can take over parks."
One of her co-conspirators in the Laurelhurst hedge battle was enraged enough to attack one of the hedges with pruning shears. She was just "a little granny," said Lloyd, but the homeowner came out "and took pictures of her!"
The state Department of Resources, which administers the property, has been working on a settlement with the neighbors for several years to permit the Lewis's reconfigured dock and remove the Armintrouts' hedge.
DNR Deputy Supervisor Bridget Moran told SW that "We try not to get involved in neighborhood disputes. The intent is to make sure the peoples' land is managed accordingly, and we think we've done that."


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Awesome mate!
Welcome to the "CryENGINE 3 Developers" group . The CryENGINE 3 Developers group is all about creating levels, mod, Total modifications, addon's, machinima videos, Indie games, using Sandbox3 for Crysis or using the free standalone CryENGINE 3 SDK tools.
Awesome mate!
Are these pics from projects on development or are they just maps created in CryENGINE3?
Just maps created with the Free SDK version of CryENGINE. You can read more about this project in the following link: Polycount.com
epic pic
Source: Polycount.com


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Summer made for Swann
Follow the Investec Test series on ecb.co.uk - click here for all the latest news, exclusive interviews, video highlights and match reports
Graeme Swann feels like "summer's finally arrived" with the npower Test series against India starting this week.
Swann and his England team-mates endured frequent rain interruptions during the Test and NatWest Series victories over Sri Lanka.
However, the off-spinner is relishing the arrival of India - the world's number-one ranked Test team - for four Tests, one Twenty20 and five one-day internationals.
Indeed, the Test series against India, starting at Lord's on Thursday, takes things up a notch, with the world number one status up for grabs - England must win by two Tests to take the mantle - as well as having the landmark 2,000th Test to celebrate.
"I'm looking forward to everything about it, it's a huge game - it feels like the summer's finally arrived," Swann said.
"We're playing against the number one team in the world and we're striving to be number one. It's the current number one against a team biting at their heels.
"But that has to take care of itself. We have to try to win each game as it comes and at the end of the series we'll see where we are, hopefully having won 2-0 or 3-1 to get to number one in the world."
Swann believes the tussle between England and India for the world number one spot is the next best thing to competing for the Ashes.
"The Australia series should be viewed as a separate entity and there is nothing for an Englishman or an Australian to rival the sheer size of that series. But this is as close as you're going to get at the moment," he said.
"Whether it will be tougher than Australia is hard to say; going to Australia and winning 3-1 there was probably the toughest series I've played in."
Swann is hoping England can delay another landmark which is on the horizon, with India great Sachin Tendulkar having made 99 international centuries.
"I saw him get a hundred on TV before Sky Sports even started, so he's phenomenal to still be going now and on the verge of his 100th hundred in international games," Swann added.
"But hopefully he'll have to wait six or seven months for that, because we don't want him to get one in England."
The arrival of India's new coach Duncan Fletcher is also an interesting issue for Swann.
It affords him the opportunity to showcase at first hand the skills that have made him the top spinner in world cricket to a man who left him in international exile for seven years after an unimpressive maiden tour in 2000.
Yet Swann says there is no issue between him and the former England coach.
"A lot of people perceive me and Duncan to have an ill-tempered relationship. We don't at all, we don't have any relationship," he said.
"When I was first picked I was nowhere near good enough and no matter who the coach was it wouldn't have made a difference. I certainly don't bear any grudges to Duncan whatsoever."
With the five-day format reaching its notable anniversary and a World Test Championship planned for a 2013 conclusion, Swann is optimistic about the future.
"Test cricket is the best form of the game, the pure form of the game," he said.
"Twenty20 has created a new audience; I'm not sure how long 50-over cricket is going to last but Test cricket will be around for another 100 years.
"England are in a privileged position, we have the best support in the world - certainly the best travelling support - so we don't play too many of those games with only 100 people in the crowd."
England are set to make a decision on the make-up of their XI on Thursday morning, with Tim Bresnan likely vying with Stuart Broad for a place in the side.
Bresnan, who excelled in the final two winter Ashes Tests before a torn calf kept him out of the Sri Lanka Tests, feels the competition for places - with Steven Finn not even in the 12-man squad - is a good sign for English cricket.
"It's a great position for England to be in, with two guys who can do the job - and it's not just two guys either, there is a very strong crop of seamers," Bresnan said. "If there are injuries, we have people who can come in and do a job."
On Broad's search for top form, Bresnan was supportive of his team-mate, who was dropped from the one-day side for the series decider against Sri Lanka.
"He has bowled well. He's bowled good spells and possibly not had the luck," he added.
"You do need a lot of luck as a seam bowler sometimes and Stuart is a fantastic bowler, a fantastic cricketer. His record shows that and he deserves to be there."


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Tuesday, December 14, 2010;
JAMES M. COLE appeared well on his way in July to filling the important No. 2 slot at the Justice Department after earning a favorable vote from the Senate Judiciary Committee.
But the full Senate has yet to vote on Mr. Cole's nomination to what is essentially the post of chief operating officer of the mammoth department. The five months between committee and floor vote appearto be longest delay endured by any deputy attorney general nominee.
The slow crawl comes courtesy of some Senate Republicans who question Mr. Cole's approach to terrorism cases and his role as an independent monitor for struggling financial giant American International Group (AIG). These concerns should not derail Mr. Cole's confirmation - and they certainly should not be used to block a vote.
Mr. Cole, who is in private practice and spent some 13 years in the Justice Department, criticized the Bush administration in a 2002 opinion piece in Legal Times for post-Sept. 11, 2001, tactics, including the use of "military tribunals to try noncitizens for terrorist crimes." Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-Ala.), ranking member on the Senate Judiciary Committee, condemned Mr. Cole for labeling the attack a crime rather than an act of war; he also questioned the wisdom of embracing "a law enforcement approach."
"You capture enemies. You arrest criminals," Mr. Sessions said during the confirmation hearings. Mr. Cole said he believes that recently reconstituted military commissions are a legitimate option, but he rightly refused to rule out federal court prosecutions for some suspects - an approach that mirrors that of the president and the attorney general.
Some Republicans also are troubled by Mr. Cole's work, starting in 2005, as a special monitor for AIG. Mr. Cole made several suggestions about needed improvements in AIG's accounting methods, but he appears not to have addressed the risky and unregulated credit default swaps that led to AIG's collapse and subsequent government bailout because they were not part of his portfolio.
The president deserves enormous deference in executive branch appointments. There is no suggestion that Mr. Cole suffers from the kind of ethical or legal problems that would disqualify a nominee. If Republicans nevertheless find Mr. Cole unacceptable, they should have the decency to hold a floor vote and give him a thumbs down.
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- Teacher Supplies Manufacturers Information- Gym mats exercise for gymnast- Gym mats for school- Football Equipment for training camp- Top Football Training Equipment- How can we offer such great gym mats discount ?- Basketball Dribbling Gloves and Dribbling Glasses- Football Blocking Dummy Tips- Gymnastics Beam Equipment- Sports Netting- Mini Trampoline Discount
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May 2, 2016
For one year, police officers in Valdosta have been utilizing an in-car computer mapping system. Officers say the technology has been a major help, even for those officers who've lived in the Azalea City all their life.
Eric Shelton, a first year police officer, says, "Being from Valdosta, I'm pretty familiar with the streets, but there's always that street stuck in the middle of nowhere that you don't know where it's at, so all you have to do is pull up the computer map and type in the address."
Within seconds an officer can get a detailed map showing them where the trouble is, and allowing them to respond quicker.
Department officials say the computer mapping system in each one of the cars has been such a success that they want to expand the program to where every patrol car can be tracked by a dispatcher. They say there are many helpful aspects to that kind of technology expansion.
CAPT Brian Childress says, "If you have an armed robbery or a burglary in progress, the dispatcher could look at their screen and see which officer is in the area, and common sense will tell you, let's send that officer. He could get there much quicker."
That's what the experts say is key, using the latest technology to improve officer response time and save lives.
Valdosta police say they are also looking to create a citywide wireless Internet system so the patrol cars can receive the latest info at any time.
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Rather than simply analyzing the current functioning of the WTO, its problems and challenges, this volume is also a call to action. It lays out proposals that are likely to become a blueprint for reform of the WTO as an institution. Its contents are abundantly worthy of reflection and subsequent action. I recommend it highly to anyone who is concerned about the future of the global economy. — Julio Lacarte Muró (First Chairman of the WTO Appellate Body and Chair of the Uruguay Round negotiations) Two high-level commissions — the Sutherland report in 2004 and the Warwick Commission report in 2007 — addressed the future of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and made proposals for incremental reform. This book goes further. It explains why institutional reform of the WTO is needed at this critical juncture in world history and provides innovative, practical proposals for modernizing the WTO to enable it to respond to the challenges of the 21st century. Contributors focus on five critical areas: transparency, decision- and rule-making procedures, internal management structures, participation by nongovernmental organizations and civil society, and relationships with regional trade agreements. THE EDITOR Debra P. Steger is a professor in the Faculty of Law at the University of Ottawa, where she teaches international trade, international dispute settlement, and international investment law. She is also the founder and director of the EDGE Network on the emerging, dynamic, global economies — a multidisciplinary research network focused on institutional reform of the World Trade Organization. She served recently as chair of a WTO panel and from 1995 to 2001, and was the first director of the Appellate Body Secretariat of the World Trade Organization in Geneva. Professor Steger is the author of Peace through Trade: Building the World Trade Organization (2004) and co-editor of Law in the Service of Human Dignity: Essays in Honour of Florentino Feliciano (2005).
EVALUATION IN THE EXTREMEResearch, Impact and Politics in Violently Divided Societies
LINKING UNIVERSITIES AND MARGINALISED COMMUNITIESSouth African Case Studies of Innovation Focused on Livelihoods in Informal Settings
PUBLIC ACCESS ICT ACROSS CULTURESDiversifying Participation in the Network Society
LA MICROFINANCE EN AFRIQUE CENTRALELe défi des exclus
DEVELOPING NATIONAL SYSTEMS OF INNOVATIONUniversity-Industry Interactions in the Global South
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Album: Good Things
Label: Stones Throw Records
Release date: September 28 (Today)
Rating (Skip, Stream, or Buy): Buy
Stream: "I Need A Dollar"
Some album covers are just atrocious, but every so often they tell the perfect story of the record's contents. And in his white-on-white suit and red bow tie, Aloe Blacc's sophomore solo effort looks the part of a soul vocalist straight out of the '60s or '70s--and sounds that way too, though not the least bit recycled. Also known as E. Nathaniel Dawkins, Blacc's musical debut came as the emcee half of indie hip-hop duo Emanon. Channeling the voices of Bill Withers and Al Green--comparisons not to be made lightly--the soul singer shapes gritty lyrics of lost love and everyday tribulations with honeyed vocals. On tracks like lead single "I Need A Dollar" (which debuted as the theme song to HBO series How To Make It In America) and "Politican," Blacc's charisma and introspective confidence are undeniable. Hell, you get bonus points in my mind for being able to turn a Velvet Underground song ("Femme Fatale") into one of the highlights of your album. By skewing to the timeless sound of soul without ignoring the modern implications of hip-hop, Aloe Blacc is responsible for an equally timeless record.


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banthafodder wrote:I think he meant the over all second entry of the contest not a personal second entry.
Actually, when he made his post, it looked like he was the second entry. The post that was the set entry was there, but it hadn't been approved by a MOD yet, so it wasn't visible.
What it should go to show you is that you should never call out numbers like that on the internet. Because the internet goes out of its way to make you wrong once you do.


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Seacoast Declares Quarterly Dividend On Preferred Stock
STUART, Fla., Jan. 16, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida ("Seacoast") (NASDAQ-NMS: SBCF), a bank holding company whose principal subsidiary is Seacoast National Bank, announced that the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of its Series A Preferred Stock of $312.50 per share. The dividend is payable on February 15, 2013 to shareholders of record at the close of business on January 31, 2013. (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20050916/SEACOASTLOGO )Seacoast, with over $2.1 billion in assets, is one of the largest independent commercial banking organizations in Florida. Seacoast has 35 offices in South and Central Florida and is headquartered on Florida's Treasure Coast, which is one of the wealthiest areas in the nation. SOURCE Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida
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Archived Story
CCHS ups win streak to fourPublished 10:32am Tuesday, January 15, 2013
By Ed Bailey
Central-Coosa has been nigh unstoppable since the return of Xavier Moon from injury. Childersburg found that out first hand after being defeated by the Cougars 57-54.
The win keeps Cental-Coosa in the driver's seat of area play, as they remain unblemished. Overall, it is the fourth straight win for the Cougars.
Moon was a juggernaut as per the norm on the offensive side of the ball, as he led all Central-Coosa players with 37 points.
Additionally, the senior guard was a nightmare for Childersburg players as a defender. Moon was able to record six swipes and nab five boards.
"Xavier had his usual game," Central-Coosa head boys basketball coach Joe Belyeu said. "I thought it was a team effort though. We played good defense all night. It was a close game throughout."
The Cougars were unable to pull away from a scrappy Tigers team, as the largest lead Central-Coosa could manage was five.
The deficit grew closer as the contest went on but the Cougars never relinquished the lead.
The Cougars went into intermission up 25-20 and headed into the final quarter up 37-34.
The victory over the Tigers was huge for his young team, Belyeu said.
"Childersburg was ranked going into the game," he said. "It was a great win for us."
Center David McKinney continued his strong play, as he scored 12 points and grabbed nine boards. TyJustin Gaddis was efficient, scoring eight points and adding four helpers in the game. Next for the Cougars as they try to stay hot will be Sylacauga on Tuesday and Dadeville on Friday.
"It doesn't get any easier, however we're hoping to handle the challenge," Belyeu said.


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Talladega doesn't dampen Chasers' spirits
Originally Published: October 5, 2005By Rupen Fofaria | Special to ESPN.com
This time, it wasn't reckless driving from somebody with nothing to lose. It was reckless driving from somebody with everything to lose -- the points lead, control of the Chase, and respect from fellow racers.
This week, the big shakeup in the standings came courtesy of Jimmie Johnson -- and yet, no big fuss was made from within the garage. Sure, Elliott Sadler -- a non-Chase contender -- sounded off. And, yes, Mark Martin was visibly upset afterward. But the anger and frustration subsided ...
Read full story
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The Disney Frozen Ice Skating Anna doll from Mattel brings to life the celebratory ice skating scene at the end of the film, Frozen. The 12-inch tall Anna doll features a skating outfit inspired by the film along with skates and moveable arms and legs. One leg is outstretched to balance on the other leg as Anna skates. The doll's balancing foot features a wheel on the skate, which can be locked into the included snow flake-shaped skating base to help her skate along, although it's not required. The doll features two skating moves: the forward lean and an upright skating position. The doll moves rapidly between the two moves as you push her forward and backward.
We were a bit disappointed with the actual movements of the doll. Because the doll moves between the two skating moves so rapidly, it looks more like Anna is constantly bracing to fall rather than skating. Had the doll held these positions longer we think would have given it a better look. But Frozen fans and collectors, in particular, will still likely use the doll for imaginative play and display.
The Disney Frozen Ice Skating Anna doll is for ages 4 and up.
If at any time the skate locks up and won't move forward, simply reset it by pulling her balancing leg back until you hear a click.
The doll does not stand on its own.
A Disney Frozen Ice Skating Elsa doll is sold separately.
Crayola Pixie Doodles B'Dazzled Bluebell
from Madame Alexander
Crayola Pixie Doodles Purple Pizzazz Fashion Pack
from Madame Alexander
Crayola Pixie Doodles Jazzberry Pink Fashion Pack
from Madame Alexander
Crayola Pixie Doodles Misty Green Fashion Pack
from Madame Alexander
Littlest Pet Shop Pet Party Spectacular
from Hasbro
Shopkins Season 5 Five-Pack
from Moose Toys
Shopkins Season 5 12-Pack
from Moose Toys
Little Live Pets Tweet Talking Duck and Baby
from Moose Toys
Barbie Sisters Bunk Beds and Stacie
from Mattel
My Little Pony Friendship Is Magic Pinkie Pie Twisty-Do
from Hasbro


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Eldred Robinson
Position: B
Height: 5-8 Weight: 155 lbs.
Born: November 2, 1896 in Indianapolis, IN
High School: Oak Park
College: none
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 0 (15060th overall since 1950)
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