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Mediation with a small "m" or Mediation with a capital "M," and what's the difference?
It's a matter of style and paradigm. Read More
It's a matter of style and paradigm. Read More
Mediated divorce is not the same thing as divorce mediation! This article explains why.
The term "mediated divorce" describes a process in which a skilled, neutral mediator helps the parties make all the decisions they need to make and reach agreement about the terms of their divorce BEFORE DIVORCE PAPERS ARE EVER FILED IN COURT. The term "divorce mediation," as used by attorneys and the general public, in contrast, generally refers to a settlement conference held as part of a lawsuit, AFTER DIVORCE PAPERS HAVE BEEN FILED IN COURT AND JUST BEFORE TRIAL. The differences in paradigm and process result in two creatures that are as different as a horse and a zebra.
Just as a zebra and a horse both have four legs and run, mediated divorce and divorce mediation both (a) involve use of a neutral mediator, and (b) can be used to arrive at settlement terms of your divorce agreement. There, the similarity ends.
To understand why the rest of the processes are so different, one must first understand the basic issues and process involved in divorce.
Divorce has many legal aspects, but there are also many aspects of divorce that are more practical than legal. Many aspects of divorce involve changes that occur gradually over time. Some of these aspects are legal, but most of them are not. Most of the process of divorce includes separating and detaching emotionally, financially, and establishing two separate, independent lives once again.
Thus, the process of divorce involves separating and re-establishing boundaries, reshuffling of parenting plans and schedules, rearrangements of finances, re-titling of property. If one were to draw a list of steps, it might include: Increase in emotional and physical separation or distance -> A decision to separate ->
Following through on this decision by:
(a) physically moving apart,
(b) separating emotionally,
(c) separating finances, figuring out how to support two separate households utilizing income that used to support just one,
(d) reaching a fair property settlement,
(e) reaching some sort of solution with regard to how to parent children -> and then …
(f) creating a new legal status that is "divorced" rather than "married."
As you can see, Items (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) listed here are not really "legal" issues per se. They are practical issues with regard to deciding "what will the new arrangements be?" The difference between "mediated divorce" and "divorce mediation" has to do with how these middle items are decided. Will you decide, or will lawyers direct a process that disempowers you and places the lawyers and judge in charge of those arrangements and decisions?
This is why it is so important for people to understand the difference in paradigm. In a true, mediated divorce, the Mediator will direct the process, but it is designed to keep the parties in control of their own decisions, applying their own values, to reach their settlement agreement. Once this agreement is reached, then the last step is the legal part, to ask a judge to review and approve the divorce settlement for fairness and to grant the divorce on the appropriate legal grounds. Now that the difference in paradigm has been exposed, what is the difference in process?
If a person goes to see an attorney and tells that attorney they want a divorce, the attorney likely will assume that the parties want a judge to decide most of these issues for them, particularly (c) through (e), and likely including the terms of (a). The attorney most likely will, as a first step, file legal papers asking the court to decide these issues. This legal paper, called a Complaint, creates a lawsuit which is set up as Party A versus Party B. This is what is called a "litigated divorce." When someone serves or says they have been served with papers for divorce, the "papers" they are referring to is the Complaint and its accompanying paperwork. This initial filing of a lawsuit sets the parties up as adversaries in a battle that is played out, ultimately, in a courtroom and which asks the judge to make the decision as to how all the issues will be decided.
A mediated divorce follows a different process entirely.
Mediated Divorce: In a mediated divorce, parties hire a neutral mediator who guides them through discussions and factual investigations designed to help them understand the issues, know their options, and reach agreement on every single one of these issues voluntarily. The mediator seeks to empower the parties to make their own, best decisions and reach authentic agreement, so that there is no need to ask a judge to decide their personal affairs for them. The emphasis is on joint problem solving and on finding solutions that both parties feel are fair and sustainable for both parties and for the children. After agreement is reached, a contract is drawn up which lays out the terms that have been agreed upon. Only after those terms are agreed upon do the parties file papers and go to court to ask the judge to review their agreement and finalize their divorce. The resulting court action is adversarial in name only. The court system requires one person to file papers and be the Plaintiff, but after the terms of a divorce have been fully mediated and both parties are in agreement as to the terms of their settlement, there is nothing (or very little) that remains in contention.
When the parties use a mediator to arrive at the terms of their separation, this is called a "mediated divorce" (in contrast to a litigated divorce). When the parties ask the judge to decide (using "litigation"), then it is called a "litigated divorce."
Some may ask, "Why is a mediator needed?" The answer is that a mediator is needed because most people don't understand all the issues that need to be decided. Additionally, most people need some help from a neutral person to act like a referee and help facilitate communication. (After all, if the parties got along perfectly they would probably not need the divorce.)
Litigated Divorce: As soon as legal papers have been filed, the parties have already been placed into the adversarial mode of "A versus B." In approximately 95% of litigated cases, the parties reach agreement prior to going to trial. Because the case is being prepared for trial, the lawyers (who are experts in the trial process) must manage the gathering and presentation of reliable, probative evidence to present to the judge. The lawyers must also anticipate what evidence should be excluded from the trial. After the lawyers prepare their case for trial, they use a creature called "divorce mediation" to negotiate a settlement. A more accurate description would be to call this a mediated settlement conference, which is the term most mediators use for it. A mediated settlement conference uses a neutral mediator to facilitate negotiations between the two sides of the lawsuit, both of whom are represented by attorneys in the negotiations. The emphasis is on "settlement of a lawsuit," rather than a process of exploration of options and working together to find a sustainable resolution. The lawyers manage the mediation, with the mediator going back and forth with settlement offers. Much depends upon the negotiation style of the attorneys, as well as the fact that with many more professionals in the room the cost per hour is much higher. Divorce mediations in the context of litigated divorce, therefore, tend to be high intensity, high stakes negotiation sessions rather than brainstorming and problem solving sessions. With their professional emphasis on preparation for trial and being focused on the impending hearing before a judge, attorneys naturally also place emphasis on "what would a judge do," rather than allowing their clients to engage in a co-operative quest for mutually satisfactory solutions. After all, the attorneys are focused on "winning," and they are eager not to let their client lose any potential trial advantage. Additionally, because judges only have a limited range of options available to them, the focus tends to be on those options rather than on the many other, creative types of arrangements parties might choose if they were to think "outside the box." For obvious reasons, the attorneys prefer to inject significant management into what their clients say and do in mediation, in an effort to avoid prejudice in the event of an additional trial. These differences in process and in focus change the entire flavor of the mediation, making it more like a zebra and less like a horse. You may be able to ride a zebra, but it is not the same as a horse.
There will be some who take issue with this characterization. Certainly, just as there are variations between types of horses and types of zebras, it is not completely fair to say that this brief description is true for every case. Yet, for the most part, in a truly "mediated divorce," the parties are not pitted "against" one another during their divorce negotiations. It is fair to say that in most cases that are already in court the parties clearly are already adversarial. The difference affects almost every aspect of the case.
In an earlier blog post, I described the mediator in a mediated divorce case as being like New York City taxi cab driver, helping to guide the parties through a confusing landscape to get them from point A (married) to point B (divorce) with as little collateral damage as possible. In a case guided by a mediator before the parties have filed divorce papers, the mediator will seek to empower the parties to cooperate, will encourage them to share information, and will help them act as a team to find solutions that feel fair and w hich will work for everyone in the family. Thus, even though the parties are divorcing, use of a mediator can act as a bridge to help the parties formulate the best possible solutions available for their family in the changed circumstances. This does not mean that the question "what would a court order" is irrelevant. What a court would order is a good measure of what is objectively "fair." However, there are other ways of measuring fairness, too. In many cases what a court would do is a very appropriate measure of fairness. However, sometimes the parties themselves also decide that there are reasons to justify doing things differently.
There also are cases where mediation is not appropriate. Mediation is not a way for one party to get their way at the expense of the other. Both parties must demonstrate a commitment to principles of fairness. If one party doesn't care about fairness, then the other party will need the protection of the Court to enforce those principles.
The different role of lawyers in mediated divorce also does not mean lawyers are not needed or are not involved. In a mediated divorce, parties are encouraged to consult with their attorney for advice and feedback. After all, lawyers are experts in what the law is, and what the law says is relevant. The difference is that, in a mediated divorce process, lawyers are consultants rather than stage managers or directors who manage and control a case. Additionally, after the parties have arrived at a settlement they both feel is fair, there will still be a need for that settlement to be reviewed for fairness and completeness by attorneys. The settlement will need to be drafted into the form of a written contract. And then, after this contract is executed, attorneys will be needed to manage the legal process that is necessary to get the settlement reviewed and approved by the court and to have the divorce finalized.
Some readers might ask, "why use a mediator when I'll need to use an attorney anyway?" The answer, hopefully, is apparent at this time. The role of the mediator is different from the role of attorney. The attorney focuses on the legal process. The mediator's role is not legal, but rather to help the parties to reach a full and fair agreement, hopefully prior to the start of the legal process. The cost-effective side of divorce mediation is that the mediator is focused on reducing conflict. The adversarial process, in contrast, sometimes can increase it.
If you're interested in scheduling an initial consultation to learn more, fill out the form below. The charge for an initial consultation is $200.
Parties in non-traditional, but committed, relationships have special needs with regard to legal planning and resolution of conflict when needed. Non-traditional families do not presently enjoy equal protection of the law in South Carolina with regard to marriage, divorce, adoption, intestacy, or guardianship, just to name a few areas where protection of committed relationships can be important. I cannot "fix" the law, but I am happy to help LGBT and transgender people plan preventively and implement measures designed to provide some protection for your loved ones. Advance planning is important for everyone, but it is especially critical for nontraditional families!
There are many areas where documents can be drafted which provide some of the legal protections which do not exist as a matter of statute. These include
Not only is there a lack of legal protection for your spouse with regard to financial and property matters, but also because sometimes outside or estranged family waits until your most vulnerable moments — a time of death or disability — to try and come in and upset the apple cart. There are nightmare stories of spouses being ejected from hospital bedsides on account of their not being "next of kin." A long term spouse ejected from a family home because the law of intestacy provided for the home to go to someone other than the spouse. Death and disability are traumatic enough to endure, without the added nightmare for your loved one of dealing with hostile or unjust legal battles.
In addition to planning that protects your spouse, gay and lesbian couples also at times deal with the same issues as other families. When gay and lesbian couples break up, they have no recourse to the courts for protection of property rights, child custody matters, or spousal support. This is when divorce and child custody mediation can be especially valuable, because it works no matter what your family composition. The transformative mediation approach I use in my practice is based on your commitment to principles of fairness rather than reliance on legalistic arguments about what the law requires. While the loss of a relationship is a painful life event, my goal is to make this difficult event less traumatic for everyone. I help you work together to meet several key goals:
I also offer legal services to facilitate the legal and paperwork aspects of gender transition.
For more information or to schedule an appointment, call 803-414-0185 or fill out the form below:
There are many reasons to mediate to resolve a family conflict or to attempt mediation prior to filing papers in a court action. First and foremost, mediation does not pit parties against one another as adversaries. Whether parties are seeking a divorce, a change in child custody, or a viable solution to meeting daily needs of an elderly family member, mediation offers an opportunity for the people affected to work as a team, on the same side of the negotiating table, to address the challenges their family will face as they transition to a new way of being or living.
When parties file papers in a lawsuit, they effectively are removing themselves from the position of authority and asking a judge to decide their case for them. Mediation, in contrast, keeps the parties in control. It empowers parties to clarify their own values and priorities, reach agreement about these values and priorities whenever possible, and implement solutions that are based on those values. A good mediator will also help the parties expose and face the monsters in the closet, in an effort to ensure that solutions agreed upon are workable and sustainable.
Mediation also opens the door for a world of creative possibilities in addition to the standard solutions that could be ordered by a court. When you hear of divorced parents who are able to seamlessly parent their children, or of a family that has all come together to manage care for an elderly family member, or a church that has done a great job balancing the competing needs and interest of various interest groups within the congregation, it is likely that the positive relationship has been made possible by good conflict resolution mechanisms (as opposed to not having a conflict mechanism and then fighting in some positional, adversarial mode of conflict such as court).
A good mediator is a skilled professional, using conflict resolution skills and coaching the parties as they meet, to help neutralize the negative and awkward aspects of communicating during conflict and to build upon and emphasize the positive. In a real sense, the mediator acts like a bridge, helping the parties get through the swamp of conflict to reach authentic, sustainable agreement that everyone can live with.
Almost every conflict professional, even seasoned trial lawyers, will admit that voluntary agreements are usually better overall for every one, provided that all parties to the mediation are committed to principles of fairness.
To make an appointment to discuss your individual needs and circumstances, please fill out the contact form, below, or call for an appointment 803-414-0185.
I. The Decision to Divorce
If you've definitely decided to get divorced, proceed to step 2 below. If you aren't sure, however, then you really should consider professional marriage counseling. Marriages can be returned to health, if both parties are willing to do the hard work to address root causes. As a professional who has been involved in divorce processes for many years, I have observed that credentials of a marriage counselor are very important, and also so is finding a counselor who feels "right" for both of you. Seek someone who is, at a minimum, professionally licensed as a marriage and family therapist (will have the letters LMFT after their name) or has a Ph.D. in counseling or psychology. This is a bare minimum. Unlicensed or unskilled counselors can do more harm than good. A good pastor is one who knows and adheres to their own professional limitations and boundaries.
Going to counseling is not a sign that either of you has an individual "problem." Nor is it a sign that either of you has "mental illness." Rather, licensed professional marriage and family therapists and psychologists have many skills and techniques that really can help. Additionally, even if counseling is not able to "save" your marriage, professional counseling can assist with both the decision to divorce and the adjustments that will occur as a result of this major life event. Most people find the assistance of a mental health professional extremely helpful during this painful episode in their lives.
If your spouse has asked you to attend counseling with them, do you love them enough or are you committed enough to make this effort to save your marriage? Maybe you don't see a problem, but that's not the point. Listen to your spouse's cry for help. They are extending an opportunity to you to try and fix things. Even if you don't feel so loving toward your spouse right now, there is a chance that working on your marriage might fix some issues. The feelings might return. Also, if you tried counseling and it didn't "work," consider that you might need to try a different counselor. Over the years, I've seen many cases where things didn't "click" with one counselor, but they did with another. There are many styles of counseling. Some schools of thought put more emphasis on "doing" while others put more emphasis on "gaining insight," and others are a blend. Some styles work better for one person while a different style works better for another. And in some cases, it's just a matter of personality. Isn't your family worth the effort, to make a really good try?
But, if you really have tried and the decision has been made, then …
2. The Emotional Process of Separating
Sadly, sometimes counseling cannot save a marriage, or relationships may be so toxic that it really is best if people decide to separate. Separation is not just a one time event. It is a process that involves separation of emotional, financial, physical and parenting lives. As a practical matter, separation happens by degrees and over a period of time. Often, the person who first physically leaves a marriage may not have been the first one to leave in an emotional sense. The process of separating will, eventually, require rearrangement and separation of not only emotional attachment, but also physical living space, finances and bank accounts, property, and parenting arrangements. Other issues couples will face during the process of separation are things like when and how to tell the children and other family members, and timing of the various business and property transitions.
The process of deciding to separate also includes making a decision about that will be used in obtaining a divorce and making this final separation into a legal event, with a complete and legally binding marital separation agreement. In my opinion, it is very important to separate the emotional aspects of divorce from the business and legal side. This is challenging to do, but it is important. Acting upon emotional needs or impulses in the legal process is both counterproductive and expensive. Most people find assistance of an individual counselor more helpful in dealing with divorce than the financially expensive and emotionally unsatisfying alternative of playing out these issues through the court system.
3. Deciding on a Process
The legal and business side of divorce is divided into two stages.
A. In the first stage, a couple negotiates how they will separate their joint lives to create two separate and independent lives. This involves emotional adjustment, physical changes in living arrangements, financial adjustments in the family budget, division of property, and renegotiation of parenting arrangements. After these issues are negotiated, most people formalize their agreement by entering into a Marital Separation Agreement (often called a MSA).
B. In the second stage, a court is asked to approve the arrangement. The court is only required to be involved in the decision process regarding the settlement agreement if the couple cannot agree on their own, or if one party is using an imbalance of power (physical, financial, emotional) to perpetrate an unfair situation. If a couple is committed to principles of fairness, on the other hand, it is generally far preferable for them to negotiate their own agreement. Once the agreement is reached, it can be presented to the court for approval. But how can settlement be reached? What should be in the settlement agreement?
4. Negotiating a Marital Separation Agreement
How can you be sure your agreement has covered the things it needs to cover and that it is fair? This concern for fairness is good justification for seeking help from a divorce professional.
A. Mediator A professional divorce mediator has training in the substantive issues of divorce and helps parties reach agreement about their divorce settlement. A divorce mediator may also suggest use of additional professionals who can assist in the process of deciding key issues and also keeping the best interest of the children at the forefront of consideration. After the mediator helps you reach a settlement, then you will still need to go to court to have your settlement approved by the court and made into a final divorce decree. However, use of a mediator to reach the settlement bypasses the sometimes ugly and expensive adversarial litigation process that is involved when you ask a judge to decide how your personal affairs should be divided up. Mediation is not for everyone. For mediation to work, both parties must be committed to principles of fairness and they must have ability to make their own, voluntary decisions for themselves. You are currently visiting the web site of a divorce mediator.
B. Collaborative Divorce Attorney In collaborative divorce, both parties have an attorney who negotiates for them and helps them decide what other professionals may be needed to assist in reaching a fair divorce settlement that also takes into consideration the best interest of the children. A collaborative divorce attorney should be certified by the International Association of Collaborative Professionals (IACP). In addition to being a divorce mediator, I am a collaborative divorce attorney certified by the IACP.
C. Litigation Attorney If one side is not committed to fairness, then the court system will be needed to enforce principles of fairness, using methods such as interrogatories, depositions, requests for production, motions, and hearings. Generally speaking, this is the method that most attorneys are trained in and will turn to by default. This tends to be the most adversarial and expensive method for reaching a divorce settlement. Because I focus my practice on non-adversarial cases, I do not generally accept litigated cases.
D. Do-It-Yourself Parties often decide on a settlement between themselves. If they agree on everything, their divorce is "uncontested" and the legal process to have the settlement approved is relatively simple. However, mistakes can be costly. What if a party does not realize, for example, the extent of marital property, or what if they fail to make provisions for proper distribution of the marital property? What if they do not even realize what the options are? Even when parties think they have reached a full and fair settlement, it is wise to get feedback from a professional, asking them candidly if the settlement has covered all the issues and appears to be even-handed. I am willing to review DIY agreements and papers on an hourly basis.
e. A divorce professional can assist couples in determining which process is most appropriate for their need. For a consultation or initial appointment for a mediated or collaborative divorce, call 803-414-0185.
5. Getting the Settlement Approved
Most cases, including cases that start out being litigated in the court system, reach settlement without necessity of a full-fledged trial. However, the divorce cannot be finalized until papers are filed in court and the settlement has been approved by the family court. So, regardless of which process is used to decide on a divorce settlement, eventually papers must be filed to ask the court to approve the divorce. The question is, when will papers be filed. In an ordinary, litigated divorce papers are filed at the very beginning, to get the process started and includes asking a judge to decide the issues in the case. In a mediated or collaborative divorce, in contrast, papers are not filed until after a settlement has been reached.
To make it clear, in a litigated divorce, "papers" are filed right away, thrusting the parties into an adversarial posture of A versus B. In a mediated or collaborative divorce, "papers" are not filed in court until after the parties have entered into their own, voluntary Marital Separation Agreement. I do not think that most parties, when they consult an attorney about divorce, realize that "filing papers" immediately is not necessarily the only option!* This may seem like a small matter, but it illustrates a very big difference between litigated and mediated divorce. Litigated divorce assumes the parties will not be able to reach their own agreement and starts out the process by asking a judge to decide. This results in a process that is driven by the need for "evidence" in a "court" and requires the expertise of an attorney familiar with judicial procedures, taking control away from the parties themselves. In mediation and collaborative divorce, although professionals are consulted and direct the process to a large extent, the parties remain in control and all decisions are voluntary. Thus, mediation and collaborative divorce keep private family decisions within control of the parties, while litigated divorce takes that control away and places it in the hands of a family court judge. In some cases that judge is needed. In many cases, the parties are better served by and end up happier with a process that keeps them in control.
6. Obtaining a Final Order of Divorce
When the court approves the settlement and the divorce, it will issue a Divorce Decree. Generally, an attorney drafts this for the judge's signature and also takes care of filing the needed official paperwork to make it final. When cases have been mediated by other mediators, or in cases where there truly is nothing left that is contested, I am happy to assist in legal representation to draft any separation documents that are needed, file legal papers to obtain the final decree, appear in court, and finalize the divorce decree.
After this, the couple may still have business affairs to finalize, and then the next stage of life begins, which is
7. Post Divorce Life
After the divorce, each of you will have separate physical, emotional, and financial lives. If you have children, however, you will still be tied together not just by your children, but also by grandchildren and a shared hope for all of the future generations of the family you share. The quality of your divorce process will be reflected not just in the sustainability and fairness of your financial divorce settlement, but also hopefully will contribute to the well being of future generations. My personal observation of the processes and of the long term effects of divorce on families is the reason that my practice is limited to the non-adversarial methods of reaching divorce agreement.
If you are interested in a divorce process that you maintain control over, in which you reach your own voluntary settlement, and which enables you to continue to co-parent with as little "collateral damage" to your family as possible, and if you feel both parties are committed to principles of fairness, please feel free to use the contact form on this site to request an appointment to discuss your options in person.
*Divorce law varies from state to state. Information on this web site should be taken with that in mind: it is information designed to be helpful, but it is not legal advice. Learn as much as you can about these topics by researching on the internet, but do not rely on information until you have consulted with a qualified professional who is licensed to practice in the jurisdiction where you reside. Information on this site is specific to the State of South Carolina, in the United States.
What, is mediation, and what makes it such a positive tool for conflict resolution within families? I hope to explain mediation and its benefits in this post. Mediation is often described as a "meeting" in which the parties meet with a neutral mediator who helps them reach agreement. Having a face to face meeting between two parties is common, but it is only one from among a wide range of options for mediation. Sometimes parties to a mediation do not meet together at all. Sometimes they meet numerous times. Some forms of mediation will involve an entire extended family or organization. Using modern technology, mediation can also take place internationally or over long distances. The key element of all these variations of mediation is that the parties utilize a neutral facilitator who guides a process designed to help them reach their own, voluntary and authentic agreement.
Mediation seeks to give parties tools they need to resolve their own dispute, using whatever information they believe is relevant, based on their own values and circumstances, and reaching an agreement that is truly their own and which they feel is fair and workable. Does it sound too good to be true? It's not. The beauty of mediation is that, if all parties are mutually committed to fairness, mediators have a large toolbox of conflict resolution skills and processes which can be utilized to help parties reach authentic, fair agreements that everyone can live with.
Sometimes individuals, families, or organizations wonder how they can possibly reach agreement, if they are stuck at an impasse already. The answer is that your impasse is not the end of the story. When you reach your own dead end and aren't sure where to turn next, that is your signal that it's time to call in a mediator, to see if they can help. The mediator is a professional who has many tools to help parties overcome barriers to agreement. Even if the strategies you have already employed have not resulted in a solution, there is a good chance that a mediator has more tools that can might help you.
The signature style of Just Mediation, LLC, is particularly suited to mediation of conflict in which relationships are key and where there are mutual, personal goals. Mediation within the court system is focused on cases already in litigation, involving only two parties, and focused exclusively on settlement of "this" case. While settlement through mediation in these cases is generally preferable (for many reasons) to resolution through courtroom battle, it does dis-service to mediation if it is seen merely as a tool for settlement of an adversarial, litigated case. Mediation offers so much more. Mediation need not be seen as a step along the way in the legal process. Rather, mediation offers a distinctive and different paradigm for addressing conflict, with many benefits. Here is a chart that highlights a few of the differences:
|Empowers parties to make their own agreement based on their own individual values, circumstances, and priorities
|Puts decision in hands of a stranger (a judge) who must impose ruling from outside in, and based on general legal principles
|Is not adversarial. Teamwork and collaboration is encouraged
|The parties are pitted against one another as adversaries
|Parties can decide upon and implement custom tailored, win-win solutions
|The judge making the decision in the case is limited to a set range of options
|Parties can communicate what is important and mutually hear what is important to the other side, without regard to whether evidence would technically be admissible in court
|Because the judge can only base a decision on reliable, probative evidence, much effort is made to keep the judge from hearing or seeing "unreliable" evidence
|Parties may decide mutually to engage neutral experts to assist in formulating solutions
|Each party hires an expert to "prove" their case is right and the other is wrong
The mediators for Just Mediation, LLC, are skilled in many types of mediation, including mediation for extended families and organizations. Our signature style of mediation is deeply committed to the idea of conflict transformation as an integral part of the experience of growing through the painful process of conflict resolution. While there are many aspects of transformative type mediation, a significant aspect is that it is focused not just on "settling" a case, but on helping you — the parties — find solutions that are authentic to your values and circumstances and also which will be workable and sustainable for you in the long haul. Using this approach, mediators for Just Mediation, LLC, help with many types of conflict, including not just divorce and parenting issues but also mediation and conflict coaching for extended families and for business and church organizations.
The principal of Just Mediation, LLC, Alexandria Skinner, trained in divorce mediation with Carl Schneider and Eileen Coen, a therapist-attorney team in Bethesda, Maryland. The training offered by this duo equips mediators to deal not only in legal aspects of divorce but also with the emotional and psychological aspects of the divorce and family transition. It also meets standards promulgated by the Association for Conflict Resolution as the starting point towards seeking certification as an Advanced Practitioner Family Mediator with that organization, a standard that is not met by any training offered in the State of South Carolina. Ms. Skinner also received additional and specific training in mediation of elder care disputes (Zena Zumeta and Susan Butterwick of Ann Arbor, Michigan), church conflict and disputes (Richard Blackburn of Lombard Mennonite Peace Center), special education issues (Cotton Harness through S.C. Department of Education), facilitative style mediation for certification as a S.C. Circuit Court mediator, and training as a community mediator (Beth Padgett through Community Mediation Center). Additionally, as an attorney, Skinner has worked on a wide variety of cases through her former work as an appellate court law clerk and staff attorney and as a lawyer for state government working on civil, criminal, and administrative cases and issues. She is also one of a handful of attorneys in South Carolina who is certified as an interdisciplinary collaborative professional by the IACP.
To request more information or a consultation, please fill out the contact form below.
The purpose of this post is to answer the question, "What is a mediator?" A mediator is a trusted, neutral person who facilitates a process designed to empower parties to recognize find their own, satisfactory solutions to intractable conflict. Each word in the sentence above has important meaning.
Imagine that the road to divorce is like getting from one side of New York City (married) to the other side of New York City (divorced). You're not sure how to get there, so you need some help from someone who does.
Most people just go hire an attorney who files papers in court and proceeds with litigation to decide every issue which must be resolved in order to "resolve" the financial and parenting issues of the parties. This is effective, but it might be a bit like hiring a Sherman Tank and a contingent of marines to guide your way.
The following standards of practice have been adopted by the Association for Conflict Resolution (ACR), by the American Bar Association (ABA), and by the Association of Family Courts and Community Professionals (AFCC). Adopted by these three organizations, they represent a broad consensus in the field. This family and divorce mediation practice adheres to these standards. Your mediator will be happy to discuss any of these standards with you:
You've tried everything to save your marriage. You don't hate your spouse, but you've both decided that divorce is better than the other alternatives. You want to be fair, but you're not quite sure what that means. One thing is for certain. You've heard how awful the divorce process can be, and you don't want to end up bankrupting yourself and ending up enemies.
Does this sound like you? If it does, then divorce mediation may be the answer for you.


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Need to hear the truthApril 05,2014
Need to hear the truth
New York wants to be heard. Well, maybe they should listen to some of the bunk weve been fed by Vermont Gas.
The Ticonderoga town supervisor should know that Vermont Gas said it isnt going any further than the mill.
Does Essex County and Ticonderoga know something we dont?
To reach the mill, the company will laterally drill under Lake Champlain. This type of drilling could have what they refer to as a blowout. A blowout would disturb the sludge bed (that IP created with its polluting practices). Not worth the risk to our major source of drinking water.
Grinnell noted over $1 million in wages and benefits paid to Vermonters working in the mill. According to the statistics 16 Vermonters work in the mill. That means on average the mill pays $62,500 to its employees. Really? Sign me up.
Donna Wadsworth, an IP executive, clearly stated the mill will no longer burn No. 6 fuel oil, no matter what happens with phase two. And she said this pipeline is not the only choice for the mill. The mill is financially solid and will seek gas elsewhere if not from this flawed project.
That is a direct contradiction to Mr. Grinnells statement that extending the pipeline from Vermont is the only way the IP mill could access natural gas.
He goes on to say there are two sides to every story and he has difficulty with the honesty and the forthrightness of this.
Well, welcome to our world, where we rarely hear the truth.
Mary Martin
CornwallMORE IN LettersAn open mind and job options; an interesting jobs program idea Art Edelstein came up with in his... Full Story
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White bump on babies finger??
DS has a tiny white bump that is located on his middle finger, and its not a pimple because it has been there for a few months, its kind of hard but its very small, just like a pimple..does anyone know what it could be? btw he is almost 6months, but has had it fora few monhts.
Posted: 08/23/2009 by einna151
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My baby has the same thing?? I tried to squeeze it and she pulls away.. I would imagine that would be uncomfortable for her, it doesn't seem to bother her and it isn't getting bigger... It's just there...posted 06/17/2015 by Hughesfirstbaby
My lo has the same thing!!!posted 08/03/2011 by ajames91209
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Story was one-sidedMarch 30,2013
Story was one-sided
I was dismayed by your recent article on the firing of a facilities employee at Goddard College. Though you rightly did not print the anonymous letter you received, you went on to paraphrase it so thoroughly you might as well have put the actual letter on the front page. Though I have no formal ties to the college or its staff and had no prior knowledge of the incident, I thought your treatment was unfair to the administration, especially President Vacarr. The college of course could not comment on the situation and therefore the article came across as completely one-sided. The article could easily have been written without mention of what was actually in the letter.
For goodness sake, if your policy is not to print anonymous letters, then dont print them.
Susan Z. Ritz
MontpelierMORE IN LettersAn open mind and job options; an interesting jobs program idea Art Edelstein came up with in his... Full Story
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text: News First LPO conference creates debate By The Lawyer 22 November 2009 00:00 17 December 2015 09:41 Sign in or register to continue reading. It's FREE Sign in Email Password Keep me logged in Forgot your password? Not registered? It's FREE! Register now Register with The Lawyer Login to comment


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Editor: We're writing this letter to inform you of the deplorable condition our beautiful St. Augustine Beach was left in following the July 4th private displays of fireworks.
We both walk the beach daily, and have never seen it in this condition.
Trash barrels were overflowing and remnants of fireworks littered the entire beach except for the few areas that are hard to access.
It seems that perhaps our rules should be enforced, now that St. Augustine has been "discovered."
Fireworks are illegal to use, but it's OK to purchase them. Does that make sense? A $50 fine apparently does not dissuade many from flagrantly breaking the law. Should the fine be doubled? Tripled? Perhaps our beach should be patrolled during these holiday evenings.
We want our tourists to enjoy our beach, not deface it.
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Prepackaged single grams from Crown Hill Collective (click photo to enlarge)
Medical-marijuana access point Crown Hill Collective had only been open a week when I visited on a recent Sunday, and it showed. While it isn't the only dispensary around where you're in the bud room when you walk through the front door (which apparently necessitates bulletproof glass between you and budtender), the process of selecting flowers seemed a tad impersonal. There was a definite sense of separation between you and the medicine you were expected to pick, through the glass, without smelling or holding it.
Prepackaged single grams from Crown Hill Collective (click photo to enlarge)
Adding to the impersonal vibe - no fault of reasonably affable budtender Jeff, who was eager to assist me - was the fact that management had made the questionable decision to pre-package all the flowers into one-gram zip-locks. One can make an aesthetic objection to such a practice, since it breaks down larger flowers into smaller pieces, but that's not the important thing. When you want to buy, say, an eighth-ounce, which is 3.5 grams, you have to decide whether you want three grams or four.
Jeff was nice enough not to object when, before I knew the one-gram packaging scheme was in place, I ordered eighths of three separate strains. He just got out four of the one-gram packages for each of them, and then cut me a deal, knocking around five bucks off each of them. Still, though, the amount of over-packaging involved with individual grams is borderline absurd.
The donation scheme at Crown Hill Collective starts at $8 a gram, with $10, $11, and $12 strains available. There weren't a lot of strains at any particular price point, since there were only about 10 total, but at least flowers were available at each level. I selected one $8 sativa-dominant strain, Jedi Death Star; a $10 indica-dominant, Purple Butter; and a top-shelf selection, the indica-dominant old school strain Big Bud.
Big Bud was thickly encrusted with sticky trichomes
Jedi Death Star has a slightly lemony, slightly pepper smell and taste and a typically energetic sativa high. It is definitely worth eight bucks a gram, though it fades a little on the finish. Jedi was noticeably yellower looking than the other two strains I bought at Crown Hill, perhaps due more to curing methods than to innate properties of the flowers themselves.
Purple Butter is something of a creeper strain; just as I was mentally composing ways to say it's not that good, bada bing, there are the effects I was waiting for. While this certainly isn't what I'd call a couchlock strain, Butter's indica dominance is never in doubt once the pain relief and anxiety alleviation kick in (a few tokes, mind you, after you thought they would).
And then there's the $12 Big Bud, its gorgeous namesake flowers thickly encrusted with sticky trichomes. Big Bud doesn't have an overwhelming scent, for a culturally interesting reason: The strain was developed before medical marijuana was legal anywhere, hence odor control was a much larger factor.
Budtender Jeff promised that "good ounce prices" were on the way at Crown Hill Collective; that, along with everything not being prepackaged into one-gram units, will make the co-op more convenient and patient-friendly.
Steve Elliott edits Toke Signals (tokesignals.com) an irreverent, independent blog of cannabis news, views, and information.


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B-vitamins are essential components of numerous key enzyme systems, without which the body cannot function. Each B-vitamin fills a different complementary need, which is why they should most often be taken together. B-vitamins act as coenzymes, helping enzymes to react chemically with other substances, and are involved in energy production.
Vitamin B-50 Complex
There are eight water soluble vitamins that make up a B complex formula. They are thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), cobalamin (B12), biotin, paba. Choline and inositol are considered silent B vitamins and are generally included in a B complex formulation. The body cannot store these water soluble nutrients; therefore, a regular intake may be required.
Each B complex vitamin is capable of performing its own individual function within the body, but when they work together as a complex of vitamins, they help provide essential maintenance necessary for the body to remain healthy. The B complex vitamins are extremely beneficial for a number of conditions and may be needed in additional quantities at certain times in a person's life. Many health care professionals are now discovering the benefits of taking a B complex vitamin to help overcome certain illnesses.
California's Proposition 65 Warning: May This item contains chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm. Reference by California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) at: www.oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/Newlist.html.
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sorbitol, stearic acid, colloidal silicon dioxide, modified cellulose gum, and magnesium stearate.
1 to 2 tablets daily.


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- Operating revenue of US$ 6.8 billion in 1Q10, 4.7% more than the US$ 6.5 billion attained in 4Q09.
- Operational income, as measured by adjusted EBIT(a) (earnings before interest and taxes), of US$ 2.1 billion in 1Q10, 86.9% above 4Q09.
- Operational margin, as measured by adjusted EBIT margin, recovered to 31.2%, from 17.4% in 4Q09.
- Cash generation, as measured by adjusted EBITDA(b) (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization), rose to US$ 2.9 billion in 1Q10 from US$ 2.1 billion in 4Q09.
- Net earnings of US$ 1.6 billion, equal to US$ 0.30 per share on a fully diluted basis, against US$ 1.5 billion in 4Q09.
Announcement Of Vale's Performance In 1Q10
RIO DE JANEIRO, May 6 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- We would like to share with you the highlights of Vale's Webcast about the company's performance for Q1 2010. Main highlights of Vale's Webcast: http://www.vale.com/vale_us/media/vale_usgaap_1t10i.pdfThe main highlights of Vale's performance in 1Q10 were:
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NY man released after DNA tests, due in Vt. courtMay 15,2013
The Associated Press
MONTPELIER — A suburban New York man released from a life-without-parole sentence after new DNA tests cast doubt on his conviction for killing his wife in a Vermont condominium almost two decades ago is due to be arraigned again in the killing.
John Grega is scheduled to appear in court Thursday in Brattleboro on a charge of aggravated murder for the August 1994 death of his wife Christine Grega, who was killed in a Dover condominium where the couple and their young son were vacationing.
She had been beaten, sexually assaulted and strangled.
John Grega's 1995 conviction was vacated last summer after new tests found DNA of an unknown male in samples taken after Christine Grega's death.
John Grega has been living at his parents' home in Lake Grove, Long Island.MORE IN This Just InROCKINGHAM Wildlife will be celebrated at the 17th annual Herricks Cove Wildlife Festival... Full StoryBURLINGTON Vermont police say a Burlington man is charged with a hate crime after they say he... Full StoryMONTPELIER A working group created to determine if Vermont should try to buy more than a dozen... Full Story
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Partner: Tarleton State University
Decade: 1980-1989
Year: 1988
The J-TAC (Stephenville, Tex.), Ed. 1 Thursday, December 1, 1988
Date: December 1, 1988
Creator: unknown
Description: Weekly student newspaper from Tarleton State University in Stephenville, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Contributing Partner: Tarleton State University
Cross Timbers Business Report, Volume 2, Number 2, Winter 1988
Date: Winter 1988
Creator: Tarleton State University. Department of Social Sciences.
Description: Quarterly report published by Tarleton State University discussing the economic conditions across the United States, the state of Texas, and Erath County, Texas. Data is compiled from statistics and information available from government agencies with summaries and some commentary.
Contributing Partner: Tarleton State University


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Vlog+ is the best app to view the funniest and most clever Vlogs. You can now view the best videos from several Facebook pages directly and easily...
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A wealth of weird, wonderful and wise stuff from the first Vloggercon, held in San Francisco.
As host of my own vlog, The Queue, I often wonder if fellow vloggers ever watch my show. I wonder if the The New York Times' David Pogue, on his way into work, takes out his iPhone and checks out The Queue, or Top 5.


text: Diabetes Managing Diabetes: 5 Ways to Stay Motivated 4 Best Supplements for Diabetes Choose This, Not That: 6 Winter Food Swaps Diabetes Menu Dos & Don'ts Diabetes Back & Joint Pain Top Foods for Joint Health 6 Ways Yogis Deal With Pain 3 Best Treatments for the Cranky, Stubborn Pain Patient Side Effects of Pain Meds—And How to Avoid Them Back & Joint Pain Sleep Problems 4 Surprising Relaxation Techniques to Do In Bed 5 Ways to Insomnia-Proof Your Bedroom Top Foods That Sabotage Sleep Beyond CPAP: Sleep Apnea Treatment Options Sleep Problems Women's Health Insider Tips for Shopping at the Farmer's Market 7 Heath Tests You're Not Getting—But Need 5 Habits that Mess with Your Hormones The Ultimate Beach Workout Women's Health Men's Health 3 Tips to Help Your Partner with ED 5 Best Ways Men Can Protect Their Hearts Top Warning Signs of Low Testosterone 5 Natural Ways to Overcome ED Men's Health 5 Health Choices to Start Your Post-Holiday Detox Enjoy the Holidays Without Milk 4 Surprising Relaxation Techniques to Do In Bed 13 Reasons to Eat Chocolate, Guilt-Free 6 Ways to Up Your Running Stamina 5 Ways to Insomnia-Proof Your Bedroom JOIN THE CONVERSATION See what the Health Advisor community is talking about and how people are helping people! arletta_spencer Posted 11 May, 2015 [Question] Do you know anything about Norma Anderson, M.D. Share Share x Comment Peter Masarjian Posted 25 Mar, 2015 [Question] Whats the best exercise to build my forearms? Share Share x Comment matiullah045 Posted 18 Mar, 2015 [Question] may weight is lower than normal Share Share x Comment View all Questions & Answers


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Oman and the South-eastern Shore of Arabia
Ithaca Press, 1997 - History - 313 pages
A study of the social conditions, regional relations, and territorial claims of the peoples of Oman and the south-eastern shore of Arabia through the first half of the 20th century. Information is drawn from archive documents from the Public Record Office.
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The ride was worth it
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Tuesday, October 08, 2013
I debated riding home last night because of the wind. Truth be told, I questioned my sanity for even thinking about riding home.
I had to appear in court yesterday. Crossing over the river, visibility was limited to a few miles because of blowing dust and sand. And hour later, most of the dust and sand had cleared.
As the end of the work day neared, I checked the weather at the nearest airport. 26 mph wind, 33 mph gusts. I decided to ride home on the sourth side of the river. It's longer (15 miles, as opposed to 10), but most of the way is relatively protected from the wind by trees. (The Pasco side of the river is mostly exposed. A few sections are on top of the levee alongside the river - completely exposed.)
As I was standing outside work, turning on my lights and various electronic gadgets, a gust of wind pushed me backwards. I shook my head - I'm going to ride in this? I must be nuts.
The ride over the Columbia River was the most exposed. I probably could have walked faster. Fortunately, the river is only a half-mile wide. This wasn't the worst wind I've ridden in - it did not blow me off the trail - but I was glad I rode on the south side of the river!
I didn't see many trail users. The trail on the south side of the river is all parkland, and there were only a handful of people in the park. (No one was using the disc golf course - that's a first!) I only saw two other riders. We shared the knowing nod of people who recognize that everyone else thinks we're insane; only we know the truth - we're the lucky ones!
The ride took about 80 minutes. I had the wind at my back at the very end of the ride, which made the last little elevation gain go by quickly. The sun was setting, and I was treated to a glorious display of pinks and purples and deep oranges. Lovely!
And this morning, I had that wind at my back. Wheee!
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Wow, as a fellow Northwesterner I know how the Columbia Gorge winds can be, driving I-84 out to The Dalles can be dicey. But what an awesome ride across the river! Have a great weekend.
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Seems like the wind was with you, rooting and cheering for you!
I like your sweet madness and I can picture you on your bike fighting the raging elements.
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It's a little hairy riding in that kind of wind for fear you'll be blown over in a bad spot, but it sure makes it worth it when you're rewarded with nature's beauty, doesn't it. Glad you made it safely and enjoyed a tailwind and a lovely sunset!
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Shimano bolt on rear derailer, marked RD-AL11 on the back of the paralellogram, looks to be decent alloy & steel construction. Any ideas what it is and where it sits in the food chain?
No idea. Search turned up not much as you probably already know.
But if I had to guess, it could be great news or bad .
One potentials leads is theRD-M511 Deore series.
Another lead is the Tourney. It's part number is RD-TY18. Maybe this one falls below that?
It would be great if it were an older high quality part.
Good luck finding what it is.
Pictures really help. Roger
"alloy and steel derailleurs (about 105 quality): long cage RD AL11 rear, triple cage front, circa 1980"
(from Google ) - http://search.bikelist.org/getmsg.as...10201.0605.eml
Otherwise I have no idea.


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iHerb Customer Reviews
Savings of: $0.17 (5% off)
베이킹부터 청소 피부미용까지
Posted by Reviewer1884995 on Jul 01, 2012
시중에서는 구할수 없는 알루미늄 프리 , 유대인 청결 인증마크 Kosher(코셔) 제품.베이킹부터 청소,피부미용까지 다양하게 활용하고 있어요 더 자세한 리뷰와 베이킹 활용법 http://sosojung20.blog.me/50142288521
Aluminum Free baby!
Posted by crissy on Jun 27, 2012
This is a great price when thrown in with your $25 order for free shipping. You definitely don't want to buy the stuff in the stores that has aluminum, and Bob's Red Mill is a great brand. This is probably twice as much as the round containers you typically buy at the stores.
BEST THING EVER! May be used as a deodorant substitute!
Posted by sweetheart on Jun 27, 2012
I use this soda not only for baking but for cleaning and personal hygiene as well. You can use this soda as a completely natural deodorant: just apply some soda to armpits with wet hands. If you want a scent in your "deodorant" put some soda in a small jar. Add your favourite essential oil. My favorite is one drop of tea tree oil combined with two drops of lemongrass oil. Very fresh and nice! This is the first fully natural "deodorant substitute" that has actually worked for me!
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4 people found the following review helpful
Love Bob's Red Mill!
Posted by earthwalker on Jun 27, 2012
Because of my food sensitivities, I didn't tolerate baking soda until I found Bob's Red Mill high quality aluminum-free, gluten-free baking soda. I went so many years without being able to use baking soda. Wish I had known about Bob's Red Mill years ago!! The best baking soda on the market, as far as I have found.
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5 people found the following review helpful
Posted by Reviewer2725515 on Jun 21, 2012
Excellent product and great price, use it for baking and drinking :)
good to have
Posted by Reviewer1733144 on Jun 18, 2012
great product. try with mollases for cancer.
I used this product for my home made deoderant,
Posted by darlingnovember on Jun 13, 2012
and I am very pleased with the result. I also use it to wash my hair, and although my hair feels oily in the shower when i use it, it is fresh and soft when it has dried.
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1 person found the following review helpful
Posted by HildeK on Apr 05, 2012
Cheaper then any baking soda I have seen in Norway (and yes, I have included shipping), and well worth it. I use it as a scrub, and to clean the shower. I also have a few opened bags in the basement to soak up smell and moisture there.
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2 people found the following review helpful
Aluminum free - perfect
Posted by Reviewer1464843 on Mar 13, 2012
Bob's Red Mill baking soda is perfect for baking,cleaning, and any other project that calls for baking soda. This baking soda is aluminum free, which is important to me and my family.
Really good
Posted by kkfjkldsjfldfj on Feb 29, 2012
Really good baking soda. Love that it contains no aluminum that can cause Alzheimer's .. !!! scary.


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Veterans of 47th Infantry return to Benning, dedicate regimental room
May 6, 2010
By Kristin Molinaro, The Bayonet
Story Highlights
- Veterans of the 47th Infantry Regiment gathered at Fort Benning Friday
- Veterans and current members of the regiment dedicated the regimental room to be built at Hanson Barracks
- The room will house memorabilia collected from WWI, WWII, Vietnam and current operations in Iraq and Afghanistan
- Among the reunionees were four WWII veterans
FORT BENNING, Ga. - More than 30 years after the Vietnam War, memorabilia from the 47th Infantry Regiment's service has found a home at Fort Benning.
Hundreds of Vietnam and World War II veterans of the regiment gathered on post Thursday and Friday for the annual reunion and to celebrate the dedication of the 47th Infantry Regimental Room.
This is the fifth reunion at Fort Benning, which is home to the second and third battalions of the regiment.
"I have tears in my eyes - that's how it feels," said Frank Begovich, commander of 2nd Battalion in Vietnam.
The attendees got their first look Friday at the regimental room, which is still under construction. The room, located in the commander's conference room at Hanson Barracks, has tables filled with donated memorabilia and mannequins wearing authentic World War II and Vietnam-era uniforms.
Along the walls, artistic renderings show how the room will look once it's complete this summer.
The room contains the regiment's history from World War I to current operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, said CPT Joseph Kosturko, operations officer for 2nd Bn., 47th Inf. Regt.
It is dedicated in honor of the late SGT George Lang, a member of the regiment's 4th Battalion who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in Vietnam.
Bob 'Doc' Pries, the regiment's unofficial historian, said he's received numerous items over the years from veterans and is glad there is a place for them.
"People send me things - pictures, newspaper clippings, this, that and the other thing - and each one of them is significant to some of my brothers," said Pries, who served two tours in Vietnam as a medic with 2nd Battalion. "We've always thought 'wouldn't it be cool to have some place to put this memorabilia where it will outlive us''"
Included in the items on display was an M3 trench knife donated by Pries, which he'd bought prior to Vietnam and carried in his aid bag "in case I ever needed it," he said.
Bob DeSandy, one of four World War II veterans at the reunion, said seeing the memorabilia - such as the swastika flag - stirred up memories of his time in combat.
DeSandy, a combat medic with 2nd Battalion in 1945, arrived in France shortly after the invasion of Normandy and served through the end of the war.
Though some of his memories of the war are painful, DeSandy said the regimental room is an important way to honor those who served and continue to serve today.
History of the 47th
The 47th Infantry Regiment was formed in September of 1917 and assigned to the 7th Brigade, 4th Infantry Division. The regiment served in four campaigns in Europe during World War I. Among its members, 40 received the Distinguished Service Cross.
In World War II, the regiment served in eight campaigns with the 9th Infantry Division and was one of the most decorated units in the Army. The regiment garnered two foreign citations and seven presidential unit citations. Among its members, one received the Medal of Honor and 43 received the Distinguished Service Cross. More than 1,200 were killed in action.
In Vietnam, the regiment again served in eight campaigns with the 9th Inf. Div. The unit was awarded six foreign citations, one presidential unit citation, three valorous unit awards and one meritorious unit award. Among its members, 17 received the Distinguished Service Cross and two received the Medal of Honor, including SGT George Lang.
Today, the 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the regiment are located on Sand Hill and are dedicated to developing new Soldiers for the Army.
Source: Bob 'Doc' Pries
About SGT George Lang
Lang, an Infantryman with A Company, 4th Battalion, 47th Infantry Regiment, was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions on Feb. 22, 1969 when his squad was ambushed during a reconnaissance mission in Kien Hoa province, southeast of Saigon.
His squad came under fire from an enemy bunker complex and Lang twice spotted the source and used grenades and rifle fire to destroy both emplacements. He then found an enemy ammunition cache and came under fire from a third enemy bunker. He destroyed the bunker with the last of his grenades. Returning to the arms cache, Lang and his squad came under rocket and automatic weapons fire from three sides. Lang suffered a severe spinal injury that left him a paraplegic. Although immobilized and in great pain, he continued to direct his men until his evacuation was ordered over his protests.
After a period of rehabilitation, Lang went on to do bookkeeping work and eventually compiled a two-volume history, "Medal of Honor Recipients, 1863-1994."
Lang died in 2005.
Source: Lang's Medal of Honor citation


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Maintaining Status During 17-Month STEM Extension
Limits on Unemployment
To maintain F-1 visa status, students on the 17-month extension must not exceed a total of 120 days of unemployment, counting from the beginning of the initial OPT period.
Reporting Requirements
Students on the 17-month extension have more reporting requirements than other OPT students.
- All changes in employment and all periods of unemployment
- Two additional reports
- Validation of employment at 6 months after the start of the extension
- Validation of employment at 12 months after the start of the extension
Homeland Security has indicated that OPT students who do not fulfill the validation report requirements may lose their F-1 status.
EXAMPLE: STEM Extension
5/1/2014 – 9/30/2015
Validation Due Dates
- 6 months after start date – 11/1/2014 – Within 10 days of 11/1/2014
- 12 months after start date – 5/1/2015 – Within 10 days of 5/1/2015
How to Report
- After any change of name, address, starting employment or ending employment, submit an OPT Reporting form to the ISSO.
- During the following reporting periods, submit a STEM-Report to the ISSO:
- Six months after the extension start date – You may submit the report up to 15 days before the 6-month date and as late as 31 days after the 6-month date.
- 12 months after the extension start date – You may submit the report up to 15 days before the 12-month date and as late as 31 days after the 12-month date.
- It is vital that you submit the correct forms at the correct times to meet the reporting requirements. Submit all reports to the ISSO via scan/email to email@example.com,fax,mail or in person.
NOTE: Changes of address reported on the OPT Reporting Form affect only the SEVIS immigration system. To update your address in the student information system (Orion) do so through Galaxy (current students) or the Registrar's Office(alumni).
For more information about the post-completion OPT extension, contact an international student advisor.


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Training with Anton KolhanovApply now for my simple and clear Forex Course. You'll learn trading signals to make 100-150 pips per week. One-to-one skype coaching to become profitable.
An uptrend will start as from current levels, which will be followed by moving up to resistance level 1.3080 and then 1.3230 and 1.3345.
An downtrend will start as soon as the pair drops below support level 1.2890, which will be followed by moving down to support level 1.2680.
Resistances: 1.3080, 1.3230, 1.3345
Supports: 1.2980, 1.2890, 1.2760, 1.2680


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Vermont officials surprised by NC shooting suspectThe Associated Press | February 20,2013MONTPELIER — Vermont corrections officials say they're surprised by the charges against a Randolph man who allegedly shot a North Carolina state trooper four times.
Twenty-three-old Mikel Edward Brady was arrested Tuesday in Durham on charges of assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill Trooper Michael Potts.
The 42-year-old trooper was shot four times Monday. He is recovering from his wounds.
Brady's criminal record dates to 2007 and includes multiple convictions for burglary and grand larceny.
Before Monday's alleged shooting, the most recent charge against Brady was poaching deer.
Vermont Corrections Commissioner Andy Pallito says there was nothing in Brady's past "that would lead you to believe he was going to be pulled over on the side of the road and randomly shoot a cop four times."MORE IN This Just InBARRE The Raiders built a 13-1 halftime lead before shifting into cruise control Thursday... Full StoryPOULTNEY Dylan Manning made the most of his last-minute addition to the Poultney lineup. Full StoryThe Plainfield Area Business Alliance will hold the first of a series of meetings for local... Full Story
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The LXMPRO Tour has released a recap of its last event in Austin as time whittles away until the next blowout in Philly in late August.
The Austin event in April included an LXM PRO showcase lacrosse game along with an MCLA college lacrosse game between rivals: Texas vs. Texas A&M, a pro clinic, and live concert performances by Carolina Liar, The It Boys, L.A.X, and The Bright Light Social Hour.
Posted in: Adrenaline


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Cal-a-Vie Health Spa
Spend a week at this French Provencal-inspired Southern California retreat, and you'll never want to leave. Nestled on 200 private acres near San Diego, Cal-a-Vie Health Spa is an exclusive oasis with only 32 guest villas. Its programs are designed to provide the perfect balance between fitness, health and the mind-body-spirit connection. Enjoy the balmy SoCal weather while hiking on the hillside trails. Focus on fitness with courses in core and aqua workouts, weight training, Pilates and Zumba Latin Dance, or quiet your mind with a meditation class in a 400-year-old chapel. A week at Cal-a-Vie would be incomplete without pampering yourself at the spa. Restore your body with a variety of therapies, including a hot stone foot treatment and oxygen facial. Once your week is over, you'll want to keep coming back for more.
Start your road to health at the Cal-a-Vie Health Spa official website
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~ Group
Agalloch is an American metal band formed in 1995 in Portland, Oregon, led by vocalist/guitarist/drummer John Haughm. To date they have released five full-length albums, four EPs, two singles, one split single, two demos, four compilation albums and one live video album.
Showing official release groups by this artist. Show all release groups instead, or show various artists release groups.


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Get the Skinny! This is just part of the article. Want the complete story, plus a host of other cutting-edge articles to make your job easier? Login or sign up!
Here are some questions about cellulite that need to be answered by more research. Each of these questions is a research project. To read more about the treatment of celluite, see Peter T. Pugliese, MD's, article in the August 2008 issue of Skin Inc. magazine: "A New Look at Cellulite, Part II."
- Why do some women not get cellulite?
- Why do only a small percentage of Asian women not get cellulite?
- What is the mechanism of MMPs attacking connective tissue in specific areas?
- How can we best prevent menstrual cycling from destroying nonuterine tissue?
- Why does estrogen appear to precipitate autoimmune reactions? How?
- How can we boost collagen production safely and for a lifetime?
- Are all fibroblast the same all over the body?
- Do specific populations of fibroblasts respond to specific hormones?
- Why is there no biological feedback mechanism to correct cellulite?
- Hormones are potent biological compounds with multiple effects—how much do we really know about them?
- We should look carefully at the relationship among estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, fat metabolism, neurological integrity and carbohydrate metabolism. Although a great deal is known, we have a long way to go.
- Finally, what are the biological variations relating to cellulite in the various ethnic groups, not just Asians. Cellulite is a disease that may represent a springboard to understanding many of the biological problems relating to both aging and cancer.
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Hi i have this error: "Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 134217728 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 6181851 bytes) in /home/mysite/public_html/wp-includes/wp-db.php on line 951
I asked to my hosting that told me i have 128mb, so what i have to do?
I have this error when i install wp better security. Any idea of what is the problem? I think 128mb should be enogh to install wordpress!!
Thanks to all


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Crash.Net NASCAR News
NWS: Gordon to the hauler - by choice
10 August 2009
Drivers typically dread being called to the NASCAR hauler, because the result is usually a lecture, a stern warning or possible punishment. Robby Gordon, however, voluntarily paid a visit on Sunday morning after repeated dust-ups with Joey Logano in Saturday's Nationwide Series race at Watkins Glen.
Logano, who climbed from his burning car after Gordon drove him into a tyre barrier late in the race, referred to the incident with venom.
"You can't fix stupid," he fumed, "It's forever."
Gordon, meanwhile, presented his side of the story in a statement released Sunday morning.
"During the final incident that ended Joey's day, we were racing for the lucky dog position," he said, "We both had good cars and were just trying to improve our finishing position for the day. After the bus stop chicane, Joey wrecked the #34 of Tony Raines, and this contact allowed me to get underneath him in turn nine.
"He saw that I was going to pass him for the lucky dog position, so he tried to block me. This manoeuvre resulted in his right rear tyre connecting with my left front. From there, I felt he would be okay because he was in the section where the outer loop was. Rather than going down the inner loop, however, he decided to cut across the grass, hitting the tyre barrier."
Gordon stopped by the NASCAR hauler to make sure there would be no repercussions for the incidents, and Sprint Cup Series director John Darby confirmed that was the case - with one stipulation.
"That depends on what happens [Sunday]," Darby said after the drivers' meeting, "Yesterday's over."
Sunday's race was postponed by rain, however, and was rescheduled for noon ET Monday.
Darby added that Gordon's voluntary trip to the hauler wasn't unique.
"Drivers are welcome to come up and talk to us whenever they choose," he confirmed, "That type of situation probably happens many, many more times than what anybody knows. If there's something that happens, if a driver's concerned with an issue, if a driver's having problems - whatever - we welcome them to come up to the trailer and discuss it. We'll try to help them work it out."
by Reid Spencer / Sporting News NASCAR Wire Service


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The Start Of Sandy
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Tag Archives: 2012 election
Dems ask for ethics probe of Christie
Governor Christie, who has unsuccessfully pushed for an income tax cut in New Jersey, said Tuesday that electing Ovide Lamontagne was the only way New Hampshire residents could be sure they wouldn't have an income tax imposed on them. Christie … Continue reading
Posted in Chris Christie, Fund-raising Tagged 2012 election, Chris Christie, New Hampshire, New Jersey Democrats, Norwood
Legislature to discuss raft of legislation today
Thirteen Senate and Assembly committees are meeting today to discuss a raft of legislation. Among the measures they'll be considering are bills that would regulate ammunition sales, forbid colleges from agreeing to market credit cards to students and requiring school … Continue reading
Posted in 2012 House Election, Chris Christie Tagged 2012 election, Chris Christie, Courts, legislature, Office of Legislative Services
Mitt Romney names Paul Ryan his No. 2
Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney tapped Rep. Paul Ryan of Wisconsin as his vice presidential running mate for the fall campaign on Saturday, turning to the architect of a conservative and intensely controversial long-term budget plan to remake Medicare and … Continue reading
Posted in 2012 Presidential Election Tagged 2012 election, Chris Christie, election, Mitt Romney, Paul Ryan, presidential election