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With Instructables you can share what you make with the world, and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
You can use a QR code to open a link using a smartphone. Why not direct people to a link with an embroidered QR code? You can wear ...
There are plenty of free QR code generators online. I used http://qrcode.kaywa.com/. Make your QR image really big- the bigger the file, the better the definition you will get. ...
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A government-backed panel says yes, recommending that those with any risk of cardiovascular disease use the cholesterol-lowering drugs.
How sugar and fat are linked to triglyceride spikes, and what can you do to make sure it doesn't affect your heart?
Here's how cutting meat from your diet can make a difference.
Gut flora can affect everything from metabolism to allergies, but what about cholesterol levels?

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text: Big Sean's 15 Best Rides Photos on Instagram By Tony Markovich Assistant Editor. Mizzou Journalism. Indiana. Hip-Hop. Ice cream. Cars. Bulls/Packers/Hawks/Cubs. Follow Tony on Twitter, Instagram, and Google+ Share Tweet 0 0 Bang Bang Caption: Bang Bang! Outside the stu in Germany... Player! Watch Now Tags: Lists, Big Sean, Rides Like Us on Facebook Follow Us on Twitter Show Comments


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 20, 1993
|Filing date
|Oct 31, 1990
|Priority date
|Dec 29, 1988
|Fee status
|Publication number
|John P. Banevicius, Alexandros Hasson, William E. Pecak
|Original Assignee
|General Electric Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Referenced by (43), Classifications (11), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a divisonal of application Ser. No. 291,534, filed Dec. 29, 1988 U.S. Pat. No. 4,992,222 issued Feb. 12, 1991.
This invention relates to the substantial removal of volatile substances from polyphenylene ether or polyphenylene ether/polystyrene compositions and, more particularly, to the reduction of volatile substances in an extruder comprising multiple stages of water injection followed by vacuum venting.
Polyphenylene ethers are a class of polymers which are widely used in industry, especially as engineering plastics in applications which require such properties as toughness and heat resistance. For many such applications polyphenylene ether resins are blended with various types of polystyrene resins to improve their processability. Recently it has become necessary to produce such compositions which are both substantially odorless and tasteless for food contact applications. It is therefore necessary that the polyphenylene ether or polyphenylene ether/polystyrene composition be substantially free from any volatile materials which have undesirable odors or would otherwise harm the food. Materials of this kind which are known to be present in polyphenylene ether or polyphenylene ether/polystyrene resins include toluene, dialkylamines such as di-n-butylamine, which are components of the catalyst used in preparing polyphenylene ether resins; styrene monomers, from degradation of any styrene resin and other by-products resulting from polyphenylene ether resin synthesis. In the case of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether); 2,4, 6-trimethylanisole, 7-methyldihydrobenzofuran, 2,3 -dihydrobenzofuran, 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanone and 2-ethylhex 2-enal are commonly present. Removal of sources of volatile odoriferous amines and oxygenated species is especially important because they are detectable in human organoleptic tests even in very low quantities.
Methods are known, to those skilled in the art, for removing volatile substances from polyphenylene ether or polyphenylene ether/polystyrene resins during vented extrusion, with or without the injection of water into the melt. For example, Kasahara et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,369,278 extrudes polyphenylene ether and rubber reinforced polystyrene in a single pass, single stage vacuum vented extruder with optional water injection; Newmark, U.S. Pat. No. 3,633,880, extrudes plastic materials, which could include polyphenylene ether, in a single pass through an extruder with multiple vents and employs a specially designed screw to compress and decompress the melt aiding devolatilization without employing water. U.S. Pat. No. 4,831,115 describes the extrusion of polyphenylene ether in a single pass single stage system using up to 15 percent water and vacuum venting. Although all three of the above-mentioned methods reduce the amount of volatile substances in the resin, none of them reduce the amount of volatile odoriferous species down to a level where such materials are hardly detectable by analytical methods thus providing that articles made from them are substantially odorless, especially in food packaging applications.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,906,700, issued to J. Banevicius, discloses a method for producing polyphenylene ether resin with a reduced content of phenolic by-products of the polymer synthesis, such as 2,4,6-trimethylanisole (2,4,6-TMA) and 7-methyldihydrobenzofuran (7-MDBF) in the initial production stage, but not the reduction of sources of residual amine components during post-production extrusion stages.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,217, issued to Banevicius et al, discloses method of producing low odor polyphenylene ether/polystyrene resins by solution blending and employing a sequence of devolatilizers to reduce the content odoriferous impurities present in the resin.
It has now been discovered that if the prior art processes are modified by using a single pass through an extruder and dividing the water injection/vacuum venting stage into at least two stages, each consisting of at least one water injection step and at least one vacuum venting step, remarkable and highly unexpected reductions in volatile content and in sources of odoriferous amine content are achieved. By way of illustration, in comparison with a single pass, single stage extrusion, a polyphenylene ether composition containing 8.5 ppm of 2,4,6-trimethylanisole (TMA) is reduced to 2.6 ppm, but in a single pass, two stages, the TMA content is reduced to levels barely detectable by gas chromatography (0.27 ppm). If a 50:50 blend of polyphenylene ether and polystyrene is sent through an extruder in a single pass, single stage with 3 percent water injection and vacuum venting, the styrene content is reduced to 1130 ppm and the toluene content is reduced to 271 parts per million; a back-to-back repitition using a single pass but two water injection/vacuum venting stages, using 1.5% by weight of water in each such stage, reduced the styrene content to 694 ppm and toluene content to 84 parts per million.
Furthermore, it has been surprisingly discovered that the use of a polyphenylene ether resin essentially free of phenolic by-products in the improved process of the present invention produces a resin with a very low content of any odoriferous components. This novel low odor resin can then be shaped into pellets for further processing or directly into solid sheets, molded or extruded articles, and foams which are highly desirable for use in food contact applications.
The drawing is illustrative of the apparatus which may be used to carry out the present invention. It illustrates a vertical cross section of a twin screw extruder having two stages of water injection each of which has its own vacuum venting stages.
According to the present invention there is provided an improved process for the reduction of volatile substances in a composition comprising
(a) a polyphenylene ether resin, alone, or in combination with
(b) a styrene resin, said composition comprising impurities selected from styrene monomer, toluene, sources of volatile odoriferous amines, volatile odoriferous oxygenated species, mixtures of any of them and the like, said process comprising extruding said composition at a temperature above its melting point in one pass in at least two stages, each said stage comprising water injection followed by vacuum venting, the total amount of water being divided between said stages and comprising up to about 15 percent by weight of said composition whereby the devolatilization efficiency of both toluene and trimethylanisole is greater than about 70 percent in comparison with the reduction obtained with the same composition in one pass in a single stage employing the same amount of water.
The water can, for example, comprise liquid water or steam. Carbon dioxide can also be used instead of water. Preferably the polyphenylene ether resin comprises poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly (2,6-dimethyl-co-2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) or a mixture thereof, but may also comprise a functionalized polyphenylene ether wherein the functionalizing agent comprises fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, citric acid, trimellitic anhydride acid chloride or a mixture of any of the foregoing. Preferably the styrene resin comprises a polystyrene homopolymer or a rubber modified polystyrene.
Nucleating agents selected from an organic or inorganic particulate material or a mixture thereof may be added in an effective amount, preferably talc up to about 2 percent by weight of the composition. This appears to favorably induce bubble formation and thereby increase surface area during devolatilization.
Preferably the total amount of water to be injected into the extrudate is from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight of said composition, divided equally or unequally between the stages, and the pressure of the vacuum vents is set such that vapor velocity through the vent is kept below about 5-6 meters sec-1.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention also provide a process wherein the polyphenylene ether resin comprises a low odor polyphenylene ether resin comprising a 2,4,6-trimethylanisole content of less than about 50 parts per million by weight based on said resin and a source of amine content of greater than about 10,000 parts per million based on said resin. Preferably the low odor polyphenylene ether resin is prepared by oxidatively coupling a phenol in the presence of a catalyst in a solvent comprising a normally liquid aromatic hydrocarbon in a polymerization zone until formation of said resin and by-products are substantially complete and recovering said resin by the addition of a C1 to C6 alcohol to the polymer solution and recovering said aromatic hydrocarbon containing said by-products and distilling to reduce the content of siad by-products and thereafter recycling said aromatic hydrocarbon essentially free of said by-products to the polymerization zone.
Among the preferred features of the present invention comprise processes for shaping the low odor composition into pellets, foamed boards or sheets, solid sheets, molded or extruded articles and the like.
The polyphenylene ethers (also known as polyphenylene oxides) used as component (a) in the present invention are a well known calss of polymers and are disclosed in Hay, U.S. Pat. No. 3,306,874 and 3,306,875.
The polyphenylene ethers favored for use in the practice of this invention generally contain structural units of the following formula ##STR1## in which, independently, each Q1 is hydrogen, halogen, primary or secondary lower alkyl contaiing up to 7 carbon atoms, phenyl, haloalkyl or amino alkyl wherein at least two carbon atoms separate the halogen or nitrogen atom from the benzene righ, hydrocarbonoxy, or halohydrocarbonoxy wherein at least two carbon atoms separate the halogen and oxygen atoms; and each Q2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, primary or secondary lower alkyl, phenyl, haloalkyl, hydrocarbonoxy or halohydrocarbonoxy as defined in Q1. Examples of suitable primary lower alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-amyl, isoamyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methylpentyl and the corresponding heptyl groups. Examples of secondary lower alkyl groups are isopropyl, sec-butyl and 3-pentyl. Preferably, any alkyl radicals are straight chain rather than branched. Most often each Q1 is alkyl or phenyl, especially C1-4 alkyl, and each Q2 is hydrogen.
Both homopolymers and copolymers are included in the foregoing description. Suitable homopolymers are those containing, for example, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether units. Suitable copolymers include random copolymers containing such units in combination with, for example, 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether units. Many suitable random copolymers, as well as homopolymers, are disclosed in the patent literature including the various Hay patents. Also contemplated are graft copolymers, including those prepared by grafting onto the polyphenylene ether chain such vinyl monomers as acrylonitrile and vinyl aromatic compounds (for example, styrene) and such polymers as polystyrenes and elastomers. Still other suitable polyphenylene ethers are the coupled polyphenylene ethers in which the coupling agent is reacted with the hydroxy groups of the two polyphenylene ether chains to increase the molecular weight of the polymer. Illustrative of the coupling agents are low molecular weight polycarbonates, quinones, heterocycles and formals.
The polyphenylene ether generally has a molecular weight (number average, as determined by gel permeation chromatography, whenever used herein) within the range of about 5,000 to 40,000. The intrinsic viscosity of the polymer is usually in the range of about 0.30 to 0.6 deciliters per gram (dl/g) as measured in solution in chloroform at 25� C.
The polyphenylene ethers are typically prepared by the oxidative coupling of at least one corresponding monohydroxyaromatic compound. Particularly useful compounds are 2,6-xylenol (wherein each Q1 is methyl and each Q2 is hydrogen), whereupon the polymer may be characterized as a poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), and 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (wherein each Q1 and one Q2 is methyl and the other Q2 is hydrogen).
A variety of catalyst systems are known for the preparation of polyphenylene ethers by oxidative coupling. There is no particular limitation as to catalyst choice and any of the known catalysts can be used. For the most part, they contain at least one heavy metal compound such as a copper, manganese or cobalt compound, usually in combination with various other materials.
A first class of preferred catalyst systems consists of those containing a copper compound. Such catalysts are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,306,874, 3,306,875, 3,914,266 and 4,028,341. They are usually combinations of cuprous or cupric ions, halide (i.e., chloride, bromide or iodide) ions and at least one amine.
Catalyst systems containing manganese compounds constitute a second preferred class. They are generally alkaline systems in which divalent manganese is combined with such anions as halide, alkoxide or phenoxide. Most often, the manganese is present as a complex with one or more complexing and/or chelating agents such as dialkylamines, alkanolamines, alkylenediamines, omega-hydroxyaromatic aldehydes, o-hydroxyazo compounds, beta-hydroxyoximes (monomeric and polymeric), o-hydroxyaryl oximes and beta-diketones. Also useful are known cobalt-containing catalyst systems. Suitable manganese and cobalt-containing catalyst systems for polyphenylene ether preparation are known in the art by reason of disclosure in numerous patents and publications.
The process of this invention may also be employed with functionalized polyphenylene ethers. These may be prepared by the reaction of at least one functionalizing agent with a polyphenylene ether. The functionality of the functionalized polyphenylene ether may be present on the end group; for example, as a result of a reaction with the phenolic terminal hydroxy group. Functionalization may also involve one of the aromatic groups in the aromatic rings in the polymer chain, or an alkyl group attached thereto.
One method of functionalizing the polyphenylene ether is by reaction with at least one compound containing (a) a carbon-carbon double or triple bond, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, arloxy group or acyl halide group, and also (b) a carboxylic acid, acid salt, acid anhydride, acid amide, acid ester or imido group. A wide variety of such compounds are suitable for use in the invention. Many illustrative compounds are listed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,315,086 and U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 885,497 filed Jul. 14, 1986 (now abandoned). They include maleic, fumaric, itaconic and citraconic acids and their derivatives, various unsaturated fatty oils and the acids derived therefrom, relatively low molecular weight olefinic acids such as acrylic acid and its homologs, and the like.
Other contemplated functionalizing agents are the aliphatic polycarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof disclosed in U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 736,489 filed May 20, 1985. Illustrative polycarboxylic acids of this type are citric acid, maleic acid and agaricic acid and their esters, amides and salts.
Still another class of contemplated functionalizing agents are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,600,741. Illustrative compounds within this class are carboxymethylsuccinic anhydride acid chloride and trimellitic anhydride acid chloride (TAAC).
The present invention also includes resin compositions comprising polystyrene resins in addition to the polyphenylene ether resin. Polystyrene resins are generally added to the polyphenylene ether resin in order to improve the processability of the resin.
The polystyrene resins are broadly defined herein and based at least in part from compounds of the formula ##STR2## wherein R1 and R2 are selected from the grpup consisting of lower alkyl or alkenyl groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and hydrogen; R3 and R4 are selected from a group consisting of chloro, bromo, hydrogen and lower alkyl groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R5 and R6 are selected from a group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and alkenyl groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or R5 and R6 may be concatenated together with hydrocarbonyl groups to form a naphthyl group.
Compounds within the above formula include styrene and its homologs and analogs. In addition to styrene, examples include alpha-methyl styrene, paramethyl styrene, 2,4-dimethyl styrene, chlorostyrene, dichlorostyrene, bromostyrene, dibromostyrene, p-tert-butyl styrene, p-ethylstyrene, vinylxylene, divinylbenzene and vinylnaphthalene. Styrene is especially preferred.
Also contemplated for use in the present invention are rubber modified polystyrenes, including high impact polystyrenes generally known as HIPS. In general, these modified polystyrene resins are made by adding rubber or rubber precursors, such as dienes, polydienes, olefin rubbers, acrylonitrile rubbers, acrylic rubbers and the like, during or after polymerization of the styrene, to yield an interpolymer of rubber and polystyrene, a physical admixture of rubber and polystyrene, or both, depending on the particular process employed.
Suitable rubber modifiers include polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polychloroprene, ethylene-propylene copolymers (EPR), ethylene-propylene-diene (EPD) rubbers styrene-butadiene copolymers (SBR), polyacrylates, polynitriles, mixtures thereof and the like. The amount of rubber employed will vary, depending on such factors as the process of manufacture and individual requirements.
Included within this family of materials for purposes of this invention are more recently developed forms in which such factors as the rubber particle size, the gel and cis contents of the rubber phase, and the rubber volume percent are regulated or controlled to achieve improvements in impact resistance and other properties. These kinds of rubber modified polystyrenes and HIPS are described in the patent literature, including Katchman and Lee, U.S. Pat. No. 4,128,602 and Cooper and Katchman, U.S. Pat. No. 4,528,327.
Also contemplated as suitable for use herein are rubber modified polystyrenes and HIPS having morphological forms which are sometimes referred to as core-shell, comprising particles of rubber encapsulated polystyrene dispersed in a matrix of polystyrene resin. Examples of this type are disclosed in Bennett and Lee, U.S. Pat. No. 4,513,120 as well as the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,528,327.
Polyphenylene ether (PPE) resins and polystyrene (PS) resins are combinable in all proportions, e.g., from about 1 to about 99 parts by weight polyphenylene phenylene ether and from about 99 to about 1 part by weight polystyrene. It is contemplated, however, that low density compositions of the present invention are comprised of at least 2 weight percent PPE, based upon the weight of PPE and PS taken together. Compositions containing less than 2 weight PPE are considered to be primarily polystyrene compositions and do not generally exhibit the preferred property improvements associated with PPE/PS blends. It is well known that the addition of PPE to polystyrene resins offers improvements in impact strength, flammability ratings, tensile strength and other mechanical properties. Conversely, polystyrene is typically blended with polyphenylene ether resins to offer better processability for many thermoplastic processes.
Typical PPE/PS blends useful in the practice of the present invention will be comprised of between 5 to 95 percent and preferably 20 to 80 percent by weight PPE and 95 to 5 percent and preferably 80 to 20 percent by weight PS based upon the weight of the two resins taken together.
It is also contemplated in the present invention to add an effective amount of an organic or inorganic particulate material as a nucleating agent to the resin composition to induce bubble formation and increase surface area during devolatilization. One can use ground glass, carbon black, talc, and the like. Preferably the nucleating agent comprises talc in an amount of up to about 2 percent by weight based on said resin composition.
An essential step in the method of this invention is extrusion of the polyphenylene ether composition with styrene resin. Extrusion may be conducted using any known equipment for this operation, including single-screw and twin-screw extruders. See, for example, Modern Plastics Encyclopedia/88, Oct. 1987, McGraw Hill, New York, p. 228-238. Especially suitable for amine removal is a co-rotating twin screw extruder.
Since multiple stages of water injection and vacuum venting are also essential features of this invention, the presence of suitable ports in the extruder for injection of a stripping agent and vents for vacuum venting are mandatory. The stripping agent may be introduced at any point upstream of the first vent or set of vents; however, it is highly preferred to introduce the stripping agent through a port located at a point in the extruder where the polymer composition has been converted into a fully developed polymer, since this facilitates intimate contact with the polymer.
Water or steam are the preferred stripping agents, and the proportion employed is up to about 15 percent by weight of the polymer composition, to be divided equally, or unequally, among the two or more injection ports located along the length of the extruder barrel. The preferred proportion is about 1-10 percent, since an amount within this range is generally optimally effective for removal of volatiles without burdening the vacuum system. For example, where two injection ports are present and about 5 percent total water by weight of polymer composition is to be used, each injection port would inject about 21/2 percent of the water into the extrudate.
The degree of vacuum will depend on several factors, including the proportion of volatile impurities in the polyphenylene ether or polyphenylene ether/polystyrene resin and the amount of water to be employed. In general, it is preferable to limit the vapor velocity across the vent interface to about 5-6 meters sec-1 and the pressure should be set accordingly.
In most instances, maximum or near maximum rate of rotation of the extruder screw or screws should be maintained for effective volatilization. The rotation rate will to some extent be dependent on the equipment used, but values in the range of about 300 to about 500 revolutions per minute are generally sufficient.
Referring to the drawing, extruder 1 comprises a heated barrel 2 and a multi-flight screw 4 adapted to co-rotate with a twin screw (not shown). Feed hopper 6 located at the upstream end is adapted to receive polyphenylene ether or polyphenylene ether and polystyrene and any conventional additives and, if desired, a nucleating agent, such as talc. As the resin moves downstream, it is heated and melted. The resin melt then encounters stage 20 comprising water injection port 8 and vacuum vents 10 and 12. The resin melt which exits stage 20 immediately encounters the second stage 22 comprising water injection port 14 and vacuum vents 16 and 18. Finally, the material exits the extruder at front barrel outlet 24. The exiting product can be extruded into shapes or cut into pellets for further processing in accordance with conventional techniques.
It is further contemplated to employ a polyphenylene ether resin essentially free from phenolic odoriferous by-products of polymer synthesis, such as 2,4,6-trimethylanisole and 7-methyldihydrobenzofuran, removed from the normally liquid aromatic hydrocarbon recycle stream by distillation. The distillation may be performed in any suitable distillation column. The recycle aromatic hydrocarbon stream is fed into a column shell comprising various plates or trays, which are used to bring the vapor and liquid phases of the feed material into intimate contact, stacked one above the other inside the enclosed column. Optionally, a packed column may be employed. The aromatic hydrocarbon solution is boiled and the purified aromatic hydrocarbon vapor is collected and condensed at the top of the column, while the impurities remain liquid and are collected at the bottom of the column. The number of trays necessary is dependent upon the degree of purity desired in the distillate and the type of tray used. Suitable for the practice of this invention are distillation columns employing sieve type trays ranging from about 40 to about 65 in number.
Distillation is carried out to render the recycle aromatic hydrocarbon essentially free of byproduct content. Essentially free is defined as the level of odoriferous impurities present in the recycle aromatic hydrocarbon such that recycling the aromatic hyrocarbon to the polymerization zone results in a very low odor product resin, not detectable by individuals with highly developed olfactory systems. Preferably, the 2,4,6-trimethylanisole content in the recycle aromatic hydrocarbon is reduced to less than about 5 parts per million and the 7-methyldihydrobenzofuran is reduced to less than about 50 parts per million.
Other embodiments of the process of the present invention, include shaping the low odor composition into pellets, solid sheets, foamed sheets or boards, molded or extruded articles and the like.
Any conventional hot or cold pelletizing or dicing systems may be used to form pellets. Cold cutting systems are generally dicing, strand pelletizing and strand (forced conveyance) pelletizing systems. Hot cutting systems generally comprise water ring pelletizers, hot face pelletizers, underwater pelletizers and centifuged pelletizers. See generally Modern Plastics Encyclopedia/88, McGraw-Hill, 1987, pp. 340-342. Solid sheets are generally formed by extending the molten composition through dies specially suited for forming solid sheets, such as flat sheet dies, although any die which will produce a solid sheet may be employed. See generally, Modern Plastics Encyclopedia/88, McGraw Hill, 1987, pp. 236-237. Extruded or molded articles may be produced in any conventional process and apparatus known to those skilled in the art.
Optionally, the low odor composition may be foam processed. Any suitable apparatus for extruding foamed sheets or boards may be employed in this shaping process. See for example, Modern Plastics Encyclopedia/88, McGraw Hill 1987, pp 238-246. Especially suitable for the practice of the present invention are tandem extruders. The resin composition is fed into a first mixing-melting single or twin screw type extruder and melted and mixed therein with a liquid blowing agent at sufficient temperature and shear to provide an intimate blend.
During the blending step it is also contemplated to introduce conventional additives into the polymer composition melt. These include nucleating agents, flame retardants, thermal and color stabilizers, antioxidants, processing aids, plasticizers, reinforcing and extending fillers, pigments, dyes and the like. Each of these may be utilized to a greater or lesser degree depending on the desired final properties of the foamed product. Conventional surfactants and nucleants may also be utilized, such as zinc or tin stearates, maleates and fumarates.
Suitable nucleating agents, which aid in controlling the foam cell size and number of foam cells, usually comprise a fine powder such as talc or a combination of citric acid and bicarbonate of soda.
Suitable blowing agents to be used in the melt produced in the extruder include conventional hydrocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, and hydrochlorofluorocarbons. Hydrocarbon blowing agents will include aliphatic hydrocrbons, especially those having 4 to 7 carbon atoms such as pentane, isopentane, pentene, hexane, heptane, butane and the like. Chlorofluorocarbon blowing agents include CCl3 F, CCl2 F2, C2 Cl3 F3, C2 ClF5, CHClF2 and CCl2 F2 -CClF2.These are comercially L available as Freon� 11, Freon�12, Freon�22, Freon�113, Freon�115 and Freon�114. Hydrochlorofluorocarbon blowing agents include compounds such as chlorodifluoromethane, dichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoroethane and the like.
Although the extrudate can be foamed through a die in the first extruder, preferably the extrudate is transferred through a pressurized closed conduit to a second single or twin screw extruder.
The conduit should be heated to maintain melt consistency. In the second extruder, the melt is cooled and exits as a foam at a die located at the downstream end of the extruder barrel.
As an alternative, the blowing agent can also be introduced into the devolatilizing extruder to obtain a melt which contains the liquid blowing agent under pressure. This material can be foamed directly out a die at the downstream end of the devolatilizing extruder or may be transferred to single or tandem foam extruders for foaming.
Also contemplated by the present invention is combining the low odor composition of the present invention with let-down resins, including polyphenylene ether resins, prior to further processing or shaping. Resins such as a polystyrene, a rubber modified polystyrene, copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile, a poly(butylene terephthalate), a poly(bisphenol-A carbonate), a poly(etherimide ester), a poly(ester carbonate), a polyamide resin, ABS resins, and the like, or a mixture of any of them can be used as let-down resins.
Furthermore, it should be clear from the preceding that the present invention also includes various low odor compositions based on polyphenylene ether. For example, this invention contemplates a pellet formed substantially of polyphenylene ether or blends of polyphenylene either and polystyrene, and containing less than about 5 parts per million of 2,4,6-trimethylanisole (TMA).
These pellets can be produced by a process which comprises extruding a composition which itself comprises a polyphenylene ether resin having sources of odoriferous amine content of greater than about 10,000 parts per million based on the resin; alone, or in combination with a styrene resin. The extrusion is carried out by the teachigns provided above, and in the examples which follow.
The following examples illustrate the present invention. They are not to be construed to limit the claims in any manner whatsoever.
A poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether)/polystyrene homopolymer blend comprising about 50 parts by weight of each resin component is fed into an extruder equipped with a two stage water injection/vacuum venting system at a rate of 318 kg/hr, a screw speed of 350 rpm, barrel temperature setpoints at 343� C., a melt temperature of 360� C. wherein water is injected at a rate of 1.5 weight percent of the feed at each injection port and the vacuum pressure set at about 130-150 mbar. The starting material contains 9 ppm of TMA, 0.5 percent of DBA and 1500 ppm of toluene. A control sample is fed into a single stage water injection vacuum venting system extruder at the same processing parameters except that water is injected at 3 weight percent of the feed rate through the single injection port. The results of volatile substance removal are set forth below in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________VOLATILES REDUCTION 50/50 PPE/PS EXTRUDATEExamples 1* 1______________________________________EXTRUDER PARAMETERSFeed Rate, kg/hr 318 318Screw Speed, rpm 350 350Barrel Temp., �C. 343 343Melt Temp., �C. 360 360Water Injection Rate, % 3 1.5Vacuum Pressure, mbar 130-150 130-150EXTRUDATE VOLATILESStyrene monomer, ppm 1130 694Toluene, ppm 271 84DBA, % 0.18 0.15TMA, ppm 2.6 0.277-MDBF 3.3 0.1______________________________________ *Control Sample DBA = dibutyl amine TMA = 2,4,6trimethylanisole 7MDBF = 7methyldihydrobenzofuran
The table clearly shows that using an equal amount of water in a two stage process results in a vastly greater reduction of volatile impurities from the extrudate than can be accomplished in a one stage process.
A resin composition comprising 70 parts by weight of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and 30 parts by weight of polystyrene homopolymer is fed into an extruder equipped with a single stage water injection vacuum venting system at a rate of 81.8 kg/hr, a screw speed of 350 RPM, barrel temperature setpoints at 315� C., wherein water is injected at a rate of 2.5% and 5% and the vacuum pressure is set at 35 mbar. The resin composition contains about 0.7% DBA by weight and also 175 ppm TMA by weight. A resin composition containing 20 ppm of TMA is extruded under the same conditions, except that water is injected at a rate of 2.5 weight % of the feed at each of two water injection ports. The results of volatile substance removal are set forth below in Table 2.
TABLE 2______________________________________ 2A* 2B* 2C* 2______________________________________EXTRUDERPARAMETERSFeed rate, kg/hr 82 82 82 82Screw speed, rpm 350 350 350 350Barrel Temp., �C. 315 315 315 315Water injection rate, % 2.5 5 0 5Number of injection stages 1 1 0 2Vacuum pressure, mbar 35 35 35 70FEEDSTOCK VOLATILESTMA, ppm 175 175 175 20DBA, wt. % 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7% TMA removed 85 86 80 97EXTRUDATE VOLATILESTMA, ppm 26 24 34 0.5DBA, wt. % 0.32 0.31 0.37 0.17% TMA removed 85 86 80 97______________________________________ * = Control Sample TMA = 2,4,6trimethylanisole DBA = dibutyl amine wppm = weight parts per million
The table clearly shows using an equal amount of water in a two stage process results in a vastly greater reduction of volatile impurities from the extrudate than can be accomplished in a one-stage process.
The procedure of Example 2 is repeated for a resin composition comprising 49 parts by weight of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), 49 parts by weight of polystyrene homopolymer and 2 parts by weight of talc. Many tiny bubbles are created in the vacuum vented section. The extrudate is comminuted into pellets and the pellets are odorless. Without talc, occasional individuals with highly developed olefactory systems sometimes state that the pellets are slightly odorous. When molded into soup containers, the products of this example pass the soup taste test, a very discriminating test for low odor in food packaging.
The above-mentioned patents, applications and publications as well as test methods are incorporated herein by reference.
Many variations of the present invention will suggest themselves to those skilled in this art in light of the above detailed description. For example, instead of polyphenylene ether in Example 1, a mixture of 100 parts of polyphenylene ether and 0.7 parts of fumaric acid can be fed into the extruder and a functionalized polyphenylene ether with a very low odoriferous amine content can be obtained. Instead of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), a poly(2,6-dimethyl-co-2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) can be used. Additionally, a low odor polyphenylene ether resin may be employed. A three stage extrusion can be used in which the first stage comprises carbon dioxide injection followed by vacuum venting, followed by two water injection vacuum venting stages. Steam can be used instead of water. All such obvious variations are within the full intended scope of the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 8, 1970
|Jan 11, 1972
|Gen Electric
|Extrusion device
|Sep 27, 1973
|Nov 4, 1975
|Welding Engineers
|Countercurrent combined liquid and vapor stripping in screw devolatilizer
|Apr 3, 1975
|Dec 27, 1977
|Basf Aktiengesellschaft
|Process for the admixture of additives into plastics with simultaneous removal of volatile constituents
|Sep 2, 1981
|Jan 18, 1983
|Asahi-Dow Limited
|Resin composition for injection molding and method for producing the same
|Aug 18, 1981
|Mar 12, 1985
|H. R. Smith (Technical Development) Limited
|Methods of producing composite foamed thermoplastic resin articles
|Dec 29, 1986
|May 24, 1988
|Huls Aktiengesellschaft
|Method for the manufacture of a thermoplastic molding material containing polyphenylene ether
|Jan 15, 1988
|Feb 21, 1989
|General Electric Company
|Solvent-resistant, compatible blends of polyphenylene ethers and linear polyesters
|Dec 27, 1988
|Feb 20, 1990
|Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh
|Method and extrusion apparatus for degassing thermoplastic plastics material melts
|Dec 27, 1989
|Apr 7, 1992
|General Electric Company
|Method for removing volatile substances from polyphenylene ether resin blends
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 19, 1995
|Aug 15, 1995
|Arco Chemical Technology, L.P.
|Removal of volatile substances from thermoplastic resins
|May 18, 1995
|Jun 17, 1997
|Nova Chemicals Inc.
|Processing of anhydride-containing thermoplastic resins
|Feb 2, 2000
|Feb 26, 2002
|General Electric Co.
|Thermoplastic blends with improved adhesion and thermal stability
|Apr 12, 2000
|Jun 10, 2003
|General Electric Company
|High flow polyphenylene ether formulations
|May 17, 2000
|Jan 6, 2004
|General Electric Company
|High performance thermoplastic compositions with improved melt flow properties
|Aug 26, 2003
|Aug 2, 2005
|General Electric Company
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Aug 26, 2003
|Sep 27, 2005
|General Electric Company
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|May 6, 2003
|Mar 28, 2006
|General Electric
|High performance thermoplastic compositions with improved melt flow properties
|Aug 26, 2003
|May 9, 2006
|General Electric
|Methods of preparing a polymeric material composite
|Apr 9, 2003
|Jun 6, 2006
|General Electric
|High flow polyphenylene ether formulations
|Jun 3, 2005
|Oct 17, 2006
|General Electric Company
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Feb 12, 2004
|Feb 27, 2007
|General Electric Company
|Poly(arylene ether) blends having low melt viscosity in the absence of plasticizer
|Jun 6, 2005
|Jun 5, 2007
|General Electric Company
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Aug 26, 2003
|Jul 17, 2007
|General Electric Company
|Methods of purifying polymeric material
|Aug 26, 2003
|Aug 14, 2007
|General Electric Company
|Methods of preparing a polymeric material
|Aug 19, 2004
|Jan 1, 2008
|General Electric Company
|Purified polymeric materials and methods of purifying polymeric materials
|Oct 12, 2005
|Jan 1, 2008
|General Electric Company
|Method of reducing the styrene content of a poly(arylene ether)/polystyrene blend, and articles comprising the resulting thermoplastic resin
|Jul 18, 2005
|Apr 8, 2008
|General Electric Company
|Purified polymeric materials and methods of purifying polymeric materials
|Mar 31, 2004
|Oct 21, 2008
|Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V.
|Method of making poly(arylene ether) compositions
|Apr 7, 2008
|Sep 8, 2009
|Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V.
|Purified polymeric materials and methods of purifying polymeric materials
|May 8, 2009
|May 21, 2013
|Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation
|Polyphenylene ether resin composition having narrow molecular weight distribution
|Aug 22, 2011
|Dec 9, 2014
|Sabic Global Technologies B.V.
|Method of making poly(arylene ether) compositions
|Apr 9, 2003
|Sep 18, 2003
|Nirajkumar Patel
|High flow polyphenylene ether formulations
|May 6, 2003
|Dec 4, 2003
|Beek Franciscus Johannes Maria Van
|High performance thermoplastic compositions with improved melt flow properties
|Feb 12, 2004
|Sep 2, 2004
|Kim Balfour
|Poly(arylene ether) compositions
|Aug 26, 2003
|Mar 3, 2005
|Jiawen Dong
|Methods of purifying polymeric material
|Aug 26, 2003
|Mar 3, 2005
|Irene Dris
|Substrate and storage media for data prepared therefrom
|Aug 26, 2003
|Mar 3, 2005
|Buckley Paul W.
|Methods of preparing a polymeric material
|Aug 26, 2003
|Mar 3, 2005
|Buckley Paul W.
|Methods of preparing a polymeric material composite
|Aug 26, 2003
|Mar 3, 2005
|Norberto Silvi
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Aug 26, 2003
|Mar 3, 2005
|Jiawen Dong
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Aug 25, 2003
|Mar 17, 2005
|Richards Peter W.
|Data proessing method and apparatus in digital display systems
|Aug 19, 2004
|Mar 24, 2005
|Jiawen Dong
|Purified polymeric materials and methods of purifying polymeric materials
|Jun 3, 2005
|Oct 20, 2005
|Norberto Silvi
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Jun 6, 2005
|Oct 20, 2005
|Norberto Silvi
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Jul 18, 2005
|Nov 10, 2005
|Hossan Robert J
|Purified polymeric materials and methods of purifying polymeric materials
|Dec 8, 2005
|Apr 27, 2006
|Norberto Silvi
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Oct 12, 2005
|Apr 12, 2007
|Riding Geoffrey H
|Method of reducing the styrene content of a poly(arylene ether)/polystyrene blend, and articles comprising the resulting thermoplastic resin
|Nov 18, 2005
|May 24, 2007
|Balfour Kim G
|Polymer blend method, composition, and article
|May 30, 2007
|Sep 27, 2007
|General Electric Company
|Method of separating a polymer from a solvent
|Oct 20, 2008
|Feb 12, 2009
|Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V.
|Method of making poly(arylene ether) compositions
|May 8, 2009
|Jul 7, 2011
|Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation
|Polyphenylene ether resin composition having narrow molecular weight distribution
|Aug 23, 2004
|May 31, 2006
|General Electric Company
|Purified polymeric materials and methods of purifying polymeric materials
|U.S. Classification
|525/132, 525/905, 264/101, 264/45.9
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 26, 1996
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 20, 1997
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jul 1, 1997
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19970423


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|Home > Rocio
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What does Rocio mean?
Rocio /ro-cio/ as a girls' name (also used as boys' name Rocio) is of Spanish origin, and the meaning of Rocio is "dew". From the name of the Virgin Mary María del Rocío meaning "Mary of the Dew".
VariationsKreatif forms:
(female) Racio, Rycio, ..
(male) Rokin, Roro, ..
How popular is Rocio?
Rocio is a very prominent first name for women (#1042 out of 4276, Top 24%) and also a very prominent surname for both adults and children (#60390 out of 150436, Top 40%). (2000 U.S. Census)
Shown below is the baby name statistics of Rocio for girls. Rocio entered the list in 1970-1979 and reached its highest position of #523 in the U.S. in 1991, but is not found in the list at the moment. (Top Baby Names, 2014)
Similar Names
Rocio▼ is pronounced similarly to Ricci. Other recommended names are Robi, Robin▼, Roch, Rodi, Rodie, Romi, Roni, Rosie▼, Rosio, Roxi and Roxie▼. These names tend to be less frequently used than Rocio.


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Premier Inn Manchester Airport (M56/J6) Runger Lane North has superb views of the runway from its top floors. This makes it easy for overnighting before or after a flight as well as enjoying a match a...More about Premier Inn Manchester Airport (M56 Jct 6)
From Premier Inn Manchester Airport (Heald Green) a world of entertainment is just a short train ride away in Manchester's city centre. If you're not jetting off from the airport then you could see a ...More about Premier Inn Manchester Airport Heald Green
From the Premier Inn Manchester Trafford Centre West it's a five-minute stroll to the shops and entertainment options at the Trafford Centre - one of Europe's largest indoor shopping outlets. This hot...More about Premier Inn Manchester Trafford Centre West
Modern, budget hotel offering comfortable accommodation in bright and practical bedrooms. Breakfast is self-service and dinner is available in the restaurant. ...More about Ibis Manchester Centre Princess Street
This inn is popular with locals, and ideally situated for Manchester, with excellent transport links to the ring road and the city. Hearty meals are served in the pub restaurant by friendly staff, oft...More about Broadoak
With its boutique shops, cafes and restaurants, Wilmslow is a very pleasant town to visit. Premier Inn Manchester (Wilmslow) is situated between the bustle of Manchester and the countryside of Cheshir...More about Premier Inn Manchester (Wilmslow)
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Premier Inn Manchester Central is in a prime position for all the city's highlights, and with meeting rooms for hire and discounted use of the on-site gym, you can squeeze even more out of your stay. ...More about Premier Inn Manchester Central
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Kelly and Brandi Sutherland of West Plains are the parents of a baby boy, John Scott.
He was born at 9:07 a.m. May 8, 2007, at Ozarks Medical Center in West Plains. He weighed 6 pounds, 4 1/2 ounces and was 18 1/2 inches long.
His siblings are Shelby, Paige, Dalton and Kassidy. Grandparents are Richard and Janice Richardson of Alton, John and Tommie Sutherland of Brandsville and the late Lucille Jones


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Four of the five meetings between the Texas Rangers and Tampa Bay Rays over the last week-plus have either been decided by one run or in extra innings.
There's little reason to expect any less than another exciting matchup when two teams hoping to make a run in October conclude their season series Sunday at Tropicana Field.
Texas took two of three against Tampa Bay from Aug. 27-29, winning the first two games by a single run before falling 8-4 in the finale. The teams have split a pair of extra-inning affairs to open this set, as the Rays won 3-1 in 11 on Friday before the Rangers answered with a 4-2, 10-inning victory Saturday.
Jurickson Profar, a 19-year-old rookie, hit a tie-breaking RBI double in the 10th on Saturday, adding another exciting moment in his brief career to go along with a homer in his first major league at-bat last Sunday against Cleveland.
"He's not afraid of the game," Texas manager Ron Washington said. "At 19 years old, that's special."
Josh Hamilton hit his 40th homer and had three RBIs for AL-best Texas (83-56), which has a comfortable lead in the West. The Rays (76-63) are two games behind East co-leaders Baltimore and New York.
"The razor-thin line between winning and losing was on display tonight," Rays manager Joe Maddon said.
Tampa Bay, which has won five of seven despite Saturday's loss, will look to bounce back with help from James Shields (13-8, 3.88 ERA), whose only blemish in his last seven starts was a tough-luck, 1-0 loss Aug. 28 at Texas.
The right-hander allowed Ian Kinsler's fourth-inning homer among three hits in seven innings of that contest. Shields had won his previous four regular-season starts against the two-time defending AL champs, who have knocked the Rays out of the playoffs in each of the last two seasons.
Shields improved to 5-1 with a 2.22 ERA over his last seven starts after allowing three runs in eight innings of a 4-3 win over the Yankees on Monday. He's 3-0 with a 2.40 ERA in four non-playoff home starts against the Rangers, who will counter with Roy Oswalt (4-2, 5.85) as he starts in place of Matt Harrison.
Washington has decided to push Harrison's start to Tuesday against the Indians in order to get him some extra rest for the stretch run.
"We're just trying to give (Harrison) an extra couple of days," Washington told the Rangers' official website. "He understands that last year we gave him a break and it helped him. He's the only one that's been on regular terms, so we're gonna do it right now and see where it takes us."
Oswalt allowed one run in 2 1-3 innings of relief in Tuesday's 6-3 loss to Kansas City. The right-hander's last start was Aug. 23, when he gave up four runs - three earned - in 5 1-3 innings of the Rangers' 10-6 win over Minnesota.
His only start versus the Rays was June 20, 2008, when he allowed two runs in 7 2-3 innings of a 4-3 win for Houston.
These teams have split eight meetings, meaning Sunday will decide the season series.


text:
Combo: Titanium Smart Fast 16-Bay Charger + 16 AA Tenergy 2600mAh NiMH Batteries
- Item #: COMBO-MD1600-16AA-TNRGY
- Brand: Titanium Innovations
Every Order Ships Directly From The United States
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Using rechargeable batteries can save the average household around $100 a year. And now with this special combo package you can save even more money when you buy batteries with your battery charger.
The Titanium MD-1600L is the ultimate battery charging station. Now you can charge sixteen Ni-MH AA or AAA batteries at the same time! This battery charger even has integrated USB ports so you can charge you portable MP3 players, phones, iPods and iPhones into the charger while you charge your batteries. It even allows you to charge on the go using the included 12V car plug adapter, a must for any car trips or motor camping!
The Titanium MD-1600L battery charger has a backlit LED indicators to indicate the charge level of battery. The MD-1600L has easy-to-read LCD screens with indigo backlights that show you a battery icon for each cell. Each channel is represented by its own battery icon made up 4 'bars' that indicate charge percentage (25/50/75/100%). The smart circuitry will detect when the battery is charged and automatically switches to a trickle charge. This intelligence keeps your batteries from getting overheated while charging, which maximizes the life of your cells. This also allows you to charge a mixture of batteries at the same time, from AA's to AAA"s, all of which can have a different charge state. It also has integrated Battery Conditioning; it discharge and charges your batteries at the press of a button restoring your batteries to their optimal condition and eliminating any memory effect.
This special combo package comes with the start-of-the-art 16 bay Titanium Innovations MD-1600L AA/AAA battery charger plus 16 Tenergy 2600mAh Ni-MH AA batteries. Tenergy provides the ultimate value in rechargeable batteries and provide outstanding performance. These AAA batteries are designed for enhanced performance in high drain devices such as digital cameras, CD players, portable audio devices, hand held games, 2-way radios, PDAs, and other portable high drain digital electronics.Charging Times:
|Type Ni-Mh
|1-16 Cells
|850 mAh
|Approximately 4.7 Hours
|1000 mAh
|Approximately 5.6 Hours
|2000 mAh
|Approximately 5 Hours
|2500 mAh
|Approximately 6.3 Hours
|2700 mAh
|Approximately 6.8 Hours
Discharging Times:
|Type Ni-Mh
|Current (mA)
|1-8 Cells
|850 mAh
|Approximately 4.25 Hours
|1000 mAh
|Approximately 5 Hours
|2000 mAh
|Approximately 10 Hours
|2500 mAh
|Approximately 12.5 Hours
|2700 mAh
|Approximately 13.5 Hours
Click here for manufacturer's data sheet for the MD1600 charger
Features and Specifications of Tenergy AA Batteries:
- 2600MaH AA battery made by Tenergy
- Specially designed to work well in all High Drain Applications.
- Excellent performance in Digital Cameras, CD Players, Remote Control Devices, Metal Detectors, Flashlights, PDAs, etc.
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- Last up to twice as long as ordinary rechargeable batteries.
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- Manufacturer's Part Number: 10308
- 1 x Titanium Innovations MD-1600L Smart Fast 16 Bay AA/AAA Battery Charger
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Combo: Titanium Smart Fast 16-Bay Charger + 16 AA Tenergy 2600mAh NiMH Batteries
New Mexico
4 Stars
I would recommend this item to a friend.
Ordered (2) of these, however, (1) had a bad charging bay
December 13, 2015
The charger is nice and will charge (16) batteries at a time in any combination of AA / AAA size. Seems to charge fairly fast and I really like the fact that every charging bay has it's own monitor. I ordered (2) of these chargers and the first one I received had (1) bad charging bay, otherwise, I would have given them (5) Stars on the overall rating.
Pros:Large capacity Individual battery monitoring USB ports Car power cord
Cons:Only charges NiMH batteries
5 Stars
I would recommend this item to a friend.
Excellent batteries
November 16, 2015
Excellent unit seems to work perfectly...fast charge
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text:
Youth group finds home in WindsorAugust 06,2013Youth group finds
home in Windsor
WINDSOR A Vermont youth organization created a decade ago finally has a permanent home.
The Youth Managed Cafe was started in 2003 in White River Junction by a school clinician and a clothing store owner. It started out by getting kids ages 12 to 21 to music shows and art workshops, and evolved to focus on giving young people a place to hang out, free of drugs and alcohol, and give back to their community.
But it never had a permanent location until now. The Valley News reported that the organizations 802 Lounge will open Friday in Windsor, in a building that has housed a grocery store, bank and beauty salon over the years.MORE IN This Just InWHITE RIVER JUNCTION A New Hampshire man is expected to spend nine months in jail in his home... Full StoryA Ludlow woman denied threatening another female driver with a handgun while driving on Route 7... Full StoryA Rutland landlord will pay a $1,000 fine for filing false lead compliance documents. Full Story
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- Most Emailed


text:
|By Liz McMillan
Article Rating:
|April 8, 2009 03:00 AM EDT
Kevin L Jackson launched the "Government Cloud Computing Journal" on Ulitzer. The online magazine offers stories and articles on the effective use of cloud computing technologies within the government domain.
Kevin L. Jackson is a senior information technologist specializing in information technology solutions that meet critical Federal government operational requirements. Currently, he serves as Director, Business Development for Dataline, Inc., and editor of Government Cloud Computing e-zine.
Kevin L. Jackson (right) with Cloud Computing Expo conference chair Jeremy Geelan before his presentation on Government Cloud Computing.
About Ulitzer.com
Initiating content coverage on any topic or launching a magazine at Ulitzer.com is designed to be as easy as boiling an egg and doesn't take much longer. To become a Ulitzer author, anyone can fill out a simple author profile and submit for editorial review and approval. Once you've been handed the keys, you will be able to associate your future Web presence to whichever topic or topics suit you best.
The full list of topics and magazines being brought on stream via Ulitzer, and a list of more than 6,000 Ulitzer published authors at beta launch can be viewed at www.ulitzer.com.
Within the next five years, TIME Magazine, Harvard Business Review, Scientific American, Condé Nast Traveler, and Wikipedia will be replaced by Ulitzer.
Ulitzer authors can add their Google AdSense account numbers to their profile pages to start earning 100% AdSense cash immediately. Topic editors should obtain a new AdSense account from Google to be used strictly on their Ulitzer story pages. Ulitzer will match their AdSense revenues 100% and payment will be made to their PayPal accounts.
What is Ulitzer?
Ulitzer is a brand new way of creating, delivering, and consuming content on the Web. Anyone can create topics, magazines, and subject-based portals on Ulitzer, pre-populate them with over one million articles available, and launch a new Ulitzer topic in minutes.
Can Anyone Apply To Become a Ulitzer Author?
Yes, it's for anyone who wants to have a personal presence on the Web, and who wishes to take advantage of Ulitzer's revolutionary content delivery functionality, coupled with unmatched syndication and exposure capabilities.
What Kind of Topics Can I Start?
You may start a new topic on any subject or write a story and post to any existing topic. Trademarked topic names can be launched by trademark owners or Ulitzer editors as sponsored sites only. If you would like to start a sponsored topic, the Ulitzer sales team will contact you with sponsorship opportunities.
Is It Free?
Yes. Bona fide individuals/professionals - subject to approval, confirmation of ID, etc. - pay nothing. Ulitzer also offers sponsored programs for corporate customers, through which they can create completely customizable company and product portals and enjoy the entire rich Ulitzer feature set at highly competitive rates.
Do I Get Paid As a Ulitzer Author, Topic Editor, and Founder?
Yes. You earn 100% of the Google AdSense revenue as a Ulitzer author and blogger on all Google ads placed on your article and blog pages and syndicated through Ulitzer.
Ulitzer authors can add their Google AdSense account numbers to their profile pages to start earning 100% AdSense cash immediately. Topic editors should obtain a new AdSense account from Google to be used strictly on their Ulitzer story pages. Ulitzer will match their AdSense revenues 100% and payment will be made to their PayPal accounts.
Can I Earn 100% Revenue with Ulitzer If I Blog Elsewhere?
Yes. If you maintain a blog elsewhere, you simply create your Ulitzer author profile page, link it to your existing blog with a simple RSS or Atom feed link and you are good to go. Ulitzer will act as your syndication and distribution agent and you will get paid 100% of the Google AdSense revenue on all your stories.
What Steps Do I Need to Take to Get Started?
1) Create your author profile page by filling out all fields and submit it for approval.
2) Once you receive your author approval notification, create a number of topics you are interested in writing on and submit them for approval.
3) Submit the stories to be published on each of your topics and other relevant Ulitzer topics.
The Key to Ulitzer: Your Author Site
The first step is to create your author site. Once you have an author site, you will be able to create and manage topic sites, write articles, and manage your author site. Your author site must have your name, professional bio, 100x100 headshot, and a slogan otherwise it will not be approved. Do not use your company as the name of the site or the domain name. You can insert your company name in the company field on your site as well as your company URL. Once you have created your author site and it has been approved, you can then create topic sites that pertain to your company.
I'm a PR Agent, How Shall I Use Ulitzer?
After the three steps above, select the "Author = News Desk" option; this will post your story at the relevant topic news desk without your byline.Who Are the Ulitzer Authors at Beta Launch?
At the time of this beta release, Ulitzer authors include recently approved authors (spread over to all 25 subject groups) as well as SYS-CON published authors (computers and software subject group).
I'm Listed As a Ulitzer Author and I Want to Update my Profile
If you are listed on the Ulitzer author pages as a SYS-CON published author, you can now update your bio, photo and other profile information yourself. You can also continue publishing new articles and blogs by posting them directly through your author page or by linking your external blog feed into your Ulitzer author profile. This feature allows you to keep your favorite blog engine and Ulitzer content syndication at the same time.
To update your existing SYS-CON author profile, simpy log in and request your temporary password to be emailed to you. If you have any difficulty in obtaining your temporary password, please contact editorial (at) sys-con.com for assistance.
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Simply email editorial (at) sys-con.com; your Ulitzer author page will be turned off within 48 hours.
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In his session at 18th Cloud Expo, Sagi Brody, Chief Technology Officer at Webair Internet Development Inc., will focus on real world deployments of DDoS mitigation strategies in every layer of the network. He will give an overview of methods to prevent these attacks and best practices on how to provide protection in complex cloud platforms. He will also outline what we have found in our experience managing and running thousands of Linux and Unix managed service platforms and what specifically c...
May. 5, 2016 03:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,343
Redis is not only the fastest database, but it has become the most popular among the new wave of applications running in containers. Redis speeds up just about every data interaction between your users or operational systems. In his session at 18th Cloud Expo, Dave Nielsen, Developer Relations at Redis Labs, will shares the functions and data structures used to solve everyday use cases that are driving Redis' popularity.
May. 5, 2016 01:45 AM EDT Reads: 1,248
Many private cloud projects were built to deliver self-service access to development and test resources. While those clouds delivered faster access to resources, they lacked visibility, control and security needed for production deployments. In their session at 18th Cloud Expo, Steve Anderson, Product Manager at BMC Software, and Rick Lefort, Principal Technical Marketing Consultant at BMC Software, will discuss how a cloud designed for production operations not only helps accelerate developer...
May. 5, 2016 01:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,329
The increasing popularity of the Internet of Things necessitates that our physical and cognitive relationship with wearable technology will change rapidly in the near future. This advent means logging has become a thing of the past. Before, it was on us to track our own data, but now that data is automatically available. What does this mean for mHealth and the "connected" body? In her session at @ThingsExpo, Lisa Calkins, CEO and co-founder of Amadeus Consulting, will discuss the impact of wea...
May. 5, 2016 12:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,215
Whether your IoT service is connecting cars, homes, appliances, wearable, cameras or other devices, one question hangs in the balance – how do you actually make money from this service? The ability to turn your IoT service into profit requires the ability to create a monetization strategy that is flexible, scalable and working for you in real-time. It must be a transparent, smoothly implemented strategy that all stakeholders – from customers to the board – will be able to understand and comprehe...
May. 4, 2016 11:45 PM EDT Reads: 1,277
Increasing IoT connectivity is forcing enterprises to find elegant solutions to organize and visualize all incoming data from these connected devices with re-configurable dashboard widgets to effectively allow rapid decision-making for everything from immediate actions in tactical situations to strategic analysis and reporting. In his session at 18th Cloud Expo, Shikhir Singh, Senior Developer Relations Manager at Sencha, will discuss how to create HTML5 dashboards that interact with IoT devic...
May. 4, 2016 09:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,437
Struggling to keep up with increasing application demand? Learn how Platform as a Service (PaaS) can streamline application development processes and make resource management easy.
May. 4, 2016 09:00 PM EDT Reads: 2,249
Up until last year, enterprises that were looking into cloud services usually undertook a long-term pilot with one of the large cloud providers, running test and dev workloads in the cloud. With cloud's transition to mainstream adoption in 2015, and with enterprises migrating more and more workloads into the cloud and in between public and private environments, the single-provider approach must be revisited. In his session at 18th Cloud Expo, Yoav Mor, multi-cloud solution evangelist at Cloudy...
May. 4, 2016 07:30 PM EDT Reads: 1,715
Artificial Intelligence has the potential to massively disrupt IoT. In his session at 18th Cloud Expo, AJ Abdallat, CEO of Beyond AI, will discuss what the five main drivers are in Artificial Intelligence that could shape the future of the Internet of Things. AJ Abdallat is CEO of Beyond AI. He has over 20 years of management experience in the fields of artificial intelligence, sensors, instruments, devices and software for telecommunications, life sciences, environmental monitoring, process...
May. 4, 2016 05:30 PM EDT Reads: 1,433
The demand for organizations to expand their infrastructure to multiple IT environments like the cloud, on-premise, mobile, bring your own device (BYOD) and the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to grow. As this hybrid infrastructure increases, the challenge to monitor the security of these systems increases in volume and complexity. In his session at 18th Cloud Expo, Stephen Coty, Chief Security Evangelist at Alert Logic, will show how properly configured and managed security architecture can...
May. 4, 2016 05:15 PM EDT Reads: 488
See storage differently! Storage performance problems have only gotten worse and harder to solve as applications have become largely virtualized and moved to a cloud-based infrastructure. Storage performance in a virtualized environment is not just about IOPS, it is about how well that potential performance is guaranteed to individual VMs for these apps as the number of VMs keep going up real time. In his session at 18th Cloud Expo, Dhiraj Sehgal, in product and marketing at Tintri, will discu...
May. 4, 2016 03:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,088
SYS-CON Events announced today that Enzu, a leading provider of cloud hosting solutions, will exhibit at SYS-CON's 18th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on June 7-9, 2016, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY. Enzu's mission is to be the leading provider of enterprise cloud solutions worldwide. Enzu enables online businesses to use its IT infrastructure to their competitive advantage. By offering a suite of proven hosting and management services, Enzu wants companies to foc...
May. 4, 2016 02:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,246
SYS-CON Events announced today that Ericsson has been named "Gold Sponsor" of SYS-CON's @ThingsExpo, which will take place on June 7-9, 2016, at the Javits Center in New York, New York. Ericsson is a world leader in the rapidly changing environment of communications technology – providing equipment, software and services to enable transformation through mobility. Some 40 percent of global mobile traffic runs through networks we have supplied. More than 1 billion subscribers around the world re...
May. 4, 2016 01:45 PM EDT Reads: 1,366
SYS-CON Events announced today that Peak 10, Inc., a national IT infrastructure and cloud services provider, will exhibit at SYS-CON's 18th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on June 7-9, 2016, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY. Peak 10 provides reliable, tailored data center and network services, cloud and managed services. Its solutions are designed to scale and adapt to customers' changing business needs, enabling them to lower costs, improve performance and focus inter...
May. 4, 2016 01:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,458
The IoTs will challenge the status quo of how IT and development organizations operate. Or will it? Certainly the fog layer of IoT requires special insights about data ontology, security and transactional integrity. But the developmental challenges are the same: People, Process and Platform. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Craig Sproule, CEO of Metavine, will demonstrate how to move beyond today's coding paradigm and share the must-have mindsets for removing complexity from the development proc...
May. 4, 2016 12:45 PM EDT Reads: 963
Much of the value of DevOps comes from a (renewed) focus on measurement, sharing, and continuous feedback loops. In increasingly complex DevOps workflows and environments, and especially in larger, regulated, or more crystallized organizations, these core concepts become even more critical. In his session at @DevOpsSummit at 18th Cloud Expo, Andi Mann, Chief Technology Advocate at Splunk, will show how, by focusing on 'metrics that matter,' you can provide objective, transparent, and meaningfu...
May. 4, 2016 12:30 PM EDT Reads: 1,136
trust and privacy in their ecosystem. Assurance and protection of device identity, secure data encryption and authentication are the key security challenges organizations are trying to address when integrating IoT devices. This holds true for IoT applications in a wide range of industries, for example, healthcare, consumer devices, and manufacturing. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Lancen LaChance, vice president of product management, IoT solutions at GlobalSign, will teach IoT developers how t...
May. 4, 2016 12:15 PM EDT Reads: 628
SYS-CON Events announced today that SoftLayer, an IBM Company, has been named "Gold Sponsor" of SYS-CON's 18th Cloud Expo, which will take place on June 7-9, 2016, at the Javits Center in New York, New York. SoftLayer, an IBM Company, provides cloud infrastructure as a service from a growing number of data centers and network points of presence around the world. SoftLayer's customers range from Web startups to global enterprises.
May. 4, 2016 12:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,234
In the world of DevOps there are 'known good practices' – aka 'patterns' – and 'known bad practices' – aka 'anti-patterns.' Many of these patterns and anti-patterns have been developed from real world experience, especially by the early adopters of DevOps theory; but many are more feasible in theory than in practice, especially for more recent entrants to the DevOps scene. In this power panel at @DevOpsSummit at 18th Cloud Expo, moderated by DevOps Conference Chair Andi Mann, panelists will dis...
May. 4, 2016 12:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,087
There is an ever-growing explosion of new devices that are connected to the Internet using "cloud" solutions. This rapid growth is creating a massive new demand for efficient access to data. And it's not just about connecting to that data anymore. This new demand is bringing new issues and challenges and it is important for companies to scale for the coming growth. And with that scaling comes the need for greater security, gathering and data analysis, storage, connectivity and, of course, the...
May. 4, 2016 11:15 AM EDT Reads: 1,284


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Phone: 208-885-6111
Toll-free: 88-88-UIDAHO
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As men age they often experience prostate problems, like getting up several times at night to go to the bathroom. Having to get up at night is a burden that can disturb a restful sleep, for both you and your partner. Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is the noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland and is an extremely common condition in older men, effecting almost 50% by age 60. The symptoms of BPH are frequent urination, dribbling, incomplete emptying of the bladder, and a weak stream of urine. The causes of BPH are not well understood, but aging and testosterone are believed to be the primary influences on its development. Animal studies suggest that as males age their hormonal balance between testosterone and estrogen (produced in small amounts) becomes altered due to the decline in production of testosterone. There are plenty of treatments - both medical and surgical - but it would be ideal if the condition could be prevented in the first place through diet.
Two of the largest research studies (over 4700 men) looking at the effects of diet on BPH were recently published in the Journal of Urology and in the American Journal of Epidemiology. To sum up, they found that taking dietary supplements (specifically antioxidants) has less impact on a man's risk of developing BPH than does his overall eating pattern. The risk of developing BPH was lower among men who followed diets high in protein and vegetables and low in fat and red meat and who regularly consumed alcohol in moderation. They recommend following these four tips to lower your risk for BPH:
Translated—A prostate-healthy way to eat lunch may be to choose salads without fatty mayonnaise-based dressings, fresh fruit and low-fat yogurt, or a wrap sandwich filled with hummus and vegetables. For dinner, opt for fish, chicken, soy or bean dishes, keeping the protein portion of the meal to no more than one-quarter of the plate, keeping starch to one- quarter and filling the rest with vegetables.


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Lost World Shirts > Buffalowens > Buffalowens Shirt (2 SIDED)
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Interesting portrait of Cuban rooftops.
This is the "Old Habana" (Habana Vieja) area.
In the distant horizon you can see few of the tallest buildings [FOCSA, Habana (Hilton) Libre] in the Vedado section.
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Please remember to follow the manual of style and code of conduct at all times.
Check BNN and Bulbanews for up-to-date Pokémon news and discuss it on the forums or in our IRC channel #bulbagarden on irc.systemnet.info.
Check BNN and Bulbanews for up-to-date Pokémon news and discuss it on the forums or in our IRC channel #bulbagarden on irc.systemnet.info.
Changes related to "Category:Ground-type Trainers"
From Bulbapedia, the community-driven Pokémon encyclopedia.
This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold.
5 May 2016
|Giovanni (Adventures) (2 changes | history) . . (-83) . . [Ataro; FinnishPokéFan92]
|22:03 (cur | prev) . . (-164) . . Ataro (Talk | contribs) (In retrospect, it's probably redundant to upload images if the character has no visible design changes. I guess ORAS could stay since he returned to his Gen III outfit.)
|10:35 (cur | prev) . . (+81) . . FinnishPokéFan92 (Talk | contribs) (→History: added an image)
4 May 2016
3 May 2016
|Hiker (Trainer class) (diff | hist) . . (+277) . . FinnishPokéFan92 (Talk | contribs) (→Trainer list: added Stadium list)
1 May 2016
|Giovanni (Adventures) (diff | hist) . . (-6) . . FinnishPokéFan92 (Talk | contribs)
Latest Pokemon News
- Details on PAL region Zygarde distribution revealed: Zygarde available until May 26
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Building a Cloud on FlexPod: Validated Management Solutions
Watch Videos to Learn More
Would you like to know more about the products highlighted in this article? Check out the following videos:
Jeff Guerrero
Sr. Solutions Product Manager
Anand Louis
Product Manager
Henry Vail
Sr. Reference Architect
Since its introduction in late 2010, the FlexPod® data center platform—a pretested and validated solution from NetApp and Cisco—has been tremendously successful. So far, FlexPod configurations have been installed at over 600 customer sites in 33 countries.
We attribute this success to the fact that FlexPod was designed to take the pain out of deploying a shared IT infrastructure and to make the transition to the cloud simpler. The FlexPod platform is built from best-in-class components and is pretested with leading hypervisors and operating systems, including those from VMware, Citrix, and Microsoft. FlexPod helps you provision new services or roll out new data center infrastructure quickly and easily.
For FlexPod management, we are working with partners to offer a range of management choices in which each product has been carefully validated; you are free to choose the products that best meet your needs. We think this approach gives companies making the transition to a cloud service model the best chance for success.
Choosing the Right Tools to Facilitate the Move to the Cloud
With operational expenses (opex) averaging around eight times capital expenses (capex), many IT organizations are looking to shared infrastructure and cloud services as a way to simplify operations and remove IT roadblocks that can slow business progress. Management solutions for FlexPod provide the essential tools to greatly simplify the transition to the cloud.
Based on our experience, we've identified four fundamental elements that organizations should include as they make the transition to shared IT infrastructure and the cloud. The management tools you choose should include most or all of these capabilities (Table 1).
Table 1) The four fundamental elements of a private cloud.
|Service catalog
|Define your services with well-defined policies that automatically map service levels to infrastructure attributes.
|Service analytics
|Optimize your services with centralized monitoring, metering, and chargeback to enhance visibility and both cost and SLA management.
|Rapidly deploy your services by integrating and automating provisioning, protection, and operational processes.
|Empower IT and your end users by enabling service requests to be fulfilled through a self-service portal.
Each of these elements was discussed in more detail in a recent Tech OnTap article. Keeping these four elements in mind during planning, rollout, and tool selection will help you succeed.
The FlexPod management solutions illustrate how management tools provide these capabilities. The following subsections provide a snapshot of some of the capabilities of currently available FlexPod management tools. (Check out the sidebar to view video demonstrations of FlexPod management tools.)
Service Catalog
A service catalog lets you define a menu of services for end users to choose from. Figure 1 illustrates the Cloupia Unified Infrastructure Controller (CUIC) service catalog.
Figure 1) Service catalog. The Cloupia Unified Infrastructure Controller allows you to create a service catalog with defined offerings such VMs, virtual desktops, and virtual applications. Optionally you can make this catalog available to end users through a self-service portal. (Figure courtesy of Cloupia.)
Service Analytics
For service analytics, you want to be able to model and analyze your entire infrastructure (servers, networks, storage, and virtual machines) to understand how application workloads, utilization levels, and resources interact. Tools that target each element of infrastructure individually may miss the big picture. For example, Figure 2 shows how NetApp® OnCommand™ Insight can be used to view all the infrastructure elements being used by a particular application. It also shows a chargeback report that encompasses both VM and storage use.
Figure 2) Service analytics. Among its many cross-domain capabilities, NetApp OnCommand Insight can quickly show you all infrastructure elements associated with a particular application or service and provide chargeback reports that include both VMs and storage.
Automation simplifies your life by allowing you to orchestrate workflows that can be used over and over to perform complex tasks—even those that involve multiple infrastructure elements—with just a few mouse clicks. For instance, provisioning a new virtual machine may require multiple steps on servers, storage, and networks to complete. As shown in Figure 3, a management tool such as GaleForce Control Center from Gale Technologies can help you automate this process, allowing you to accomplish dozens of background tasks with just a few clicks or allow end users to accomplish the task via a self-service portal.
Figure 3) Automation with GaleForce Control Center. The architects interface shown lets you automate provisioning tasks, orchestrate workflows, and publish infrastructure or service templates to a self-service portal. (Figure courtesy of Gale Technologies.)
The ultimate goal in a cloud is often to be able to present a self-service portal to end users to allow them to request and receive infrastructure, application, or other services without administrator intervention. Such a portal typically leverages the service catalog and automation capabilities described above.
A portal user simply selects the services he or she wants from the service catalog presented as a menu of choices. Appropriate resources are then allocated automatically and provisioned for use. Appropriate data protection and other service levels may be provided automatically based on the user's selections. Once provisioned, the portal may also provide the end user with monitoring and management capabilities (for the allocated resources only).
Figure 4) Self-service. A self-service portal integrates your predefined service catalog and advanced automation, allowing an end user to request and receive IT resources without intervention and then monitor, manage, and control those resources. (Figure courtesy of Cloupia.)
Validated Management Solutions for FlexPod
As we mentioned in the introduction, to facilitate FlexPod management and cloud orchestration we have taken a different approach than that of most infrastructure providers. Rather than locking you into a single toolset available only from us, Cisco and NetApp have developed open APIs for FlexPod components, with detailed guidelines for FlexPod management that independent software developers can use to tailor management toolsets for FlexPod.
You can speed the deployment of new services on FlexPod and reduce risk by choosing from the turnkey management solutions available from FlexPod partners. Validated management solutions give you off-the-shelf integration with Cisco® UCS™, Cisco Nexus®, and NetApp storage; adaptable and extensible workflows; and a unified management experience. These solutions have been tested in NetApp and Cisco labs to verify that they meet an extensive set of requirements in one or both of the following categories:
- Automation and Orchestration
- Monitoring and Analytics (coming soon)
As long as partners address the specific requirements we have set out, they are free to implement whatever additional functionality they choose, so innovation is in no way constrained.
For example, the automation and orchestration specification describes a set of core management functions on the storage, network, and physical server components of FlexPod, including such capabilities as cloning a LUN, adding and removing VLANs, and setting up server pools. Such core functions are clearly specified and validated so that management software takes full advantage of the underlying capabilities of the hardware components of FlexPod.
We've also described specific setup and management algorithms for the performance of operations that involve multiple components in the FlexPod stack. These algorithms use the core functions to accomplish tasks like provisioning NetApp FC storage to a specific service profile on UCS.
Finally, we define some specific design objectives that are required to deliver a cohesive user experience using the defined operations and algorithms. By prescribing these baseline capabilities in an objective way, we encourage software partners to innovate in their approach to provide an end-to-end setup, configuration, and operational management model for FlexPod. These guidelines provide a foundation for FlexPod management that a software developer can use to cover the baseline FlexPod management functions in a uniform way.
Partners with Validated Products
There are currently eight different management vendors developing solutions for FlexPod. Of these, three partners have passed solution validation testing for automation and orchestration.
|Cloupia Unified Infrastructure Controller
Validated for Automation and Orchestration
Cloupia's Unified Infrastructure Controller is a management and automation system capable of orchestrating and provisioning virtual and physical infrastructure services across the entire FlexPod configuration.
|Gale Technologies GaleForce Turnkey Cloud for FlexPod
Validated for Automation and Orchestration
The GaleForce Turnkey Cloud solution allows organizations to quickly create internal and hybrid clouds combining legacy and new infrastructure to gain improved agility, utilization, and simplicity.
|CA Automation Suite for Data Centers
Validated for Automation and Orchestration
The Automation Suite for Data Centers is designed to help you transform your IT infrastructure to dynamically deploy and elastically scale IT services.
You can view our FlexPod Management Web page for the most up-to-date information on FlexPod management solutions.
Jeff has been with NetApp since 2011, helping build the business surrounding FlexPod, especially management in the areas of automation and orchestration and monitoring and analytics. With over 19 years of industry experience, he has worked in such diverse areas as cloud solutions, enterprise computing, microprocessors, and, most recently, compact PCI (cPCI).
Anand joined NetApp 18 months ago to focus on cloud partner integration and storage automation. Most of his 18 years of industry experience have been dedicated to networking, including positions with such industry heavyweights as Cisco, Juniper, and Brocade.
Henry joined NetApp in 2008 to develop strategic solutions such as FlexPod and secure multi-tenancy that leverage NetApp technologies in cloud architecture. With over 20 years of diverse IT experience, he is focused on delivering cohesive, elegant, and effective shared infrastructure solutions by advancing cloud service delivery and manageability, stateless computing, workload deployment, and mobility.
do you have any user cases with information about scalability with your suggested automation tools and service analytics pieces?
Hi Magnuss,
Each of the management partners featured in this article offers a highly scalable solution. Please contact our partners directly to determine whether their solutions can meet your specific needs. You can do so by visiting a partner web page at the Solution Connection site – just click on the links in the article – and use the contact information provided there.
This NetApp Community is public and open website that is indexed by search engines such as Google. Participation in the NetApp Community is voluntary. All content posted on the NetApp Community is publicly viewable and available. This includes the rich text editor which is not encrypted for https.
In accordance to our Code of Conduct and Community Terms of Use DO NOT post or attach the following:
- Software files (compressed or uncompressed)
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Files and content that do not abide by the Community Terms of Use or Code of Conduct will be removed. Continued non-compliance may result in NetApp Community account restrictions or termination.


text:
Gino Cerullo Nov 13, 2011 12:47 PM
in response to quetell
Have you tried deleting the account on your Mac mini, both from Mail in System Preferences, and then re-creating it?
quetell Nov 13, 2011 2:37 PM
in response to Gino Cerullo
Yes, I did that twice and
I changed my password
Mark1154 Nov 13, 2011 5:59 PM
in response to quetell
This is getting ridiculous Apple, my iphone has asked me for my iCloud password 5x today! Whats going on? This is annoying. I've never changed my password, where is the disconnection?
Gino Cerullo Nov 13, 2011 6:06 PM
in response to Mark1154
Apple doesn't address support questions in these forums. If you want direct support from Apple try here.
Mark1154 Nov 13, 2011 7:24 PM
in response to Gino Cerullo
I was just being facetious addressing Apple. My point is that there is something
wrong with the ICloud mail server b/c it has asked me 6x today to verify the exact same password I've always used. WHY??
pvonk Nov 13, 2011 7:51 PM
in response to Mark1154
Hmm.... I've not on iCloud yet, but every now and then my college's email connection asks for my password over and over again. I eventually "quit". Later, for some reason, my mac suddenly begins getting emails again without a p/w prompt. It's a mystery. Maybe iCloud has the same problem - a server hiccop maybe?
lilyjrussell Apr 2, 2012 2:19 AM
in response to quetell
My mac still can't receive or send my emails despite trying everything.. I'm so cross as I'm going to move from iCloud but at a huge expense with stationary etc. I can't even access my mail via the web at the moment !!!! Only via my iPhone which is difficult for work. No help from Apple. Impossible through iCloud also. What are apple playing at??????


text:
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With 700 locations in United States, Extended Stay America is one of your best options when you need a place to stay, even if it's just for a weekend getaway. Our pet-friendly suites are perfect for corporate stays or family vacations and amenities like laundry and a free grab and go breakfast gives you the comforts of home. Don't let the name fool you, Extended Stay America has an affordable...
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