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Colorado Court of Appeals -- December 22, 2011
No. 10CA2303. People in the Interest of S.N-V., and Concerning B.A.N.
Court of Appeals No. 10CA2303
City and County of Denver Juvenile Court No. 08JV2703
Honorable Donna J. Schmalberger, Judge
The People of the State of Colorado,
In the Interest of S.N-V., a Child, and Concerning B.A.N.,
Division III
Opinion by JUDGE FURMAN
Roy and Lichtenstein, JJ., concur
Announced December 22, 2011
Douglas J. Friednash, City Attorney, Laura Grzetic Eibsen, Assistant City Attorney, Denver, Colorado, for Petitioner-Appellee
Terry Ross, Guardian Ad Litem
Susan P. Halloran, Littleton, Colorado, for Respondent-Appellant
B.A.N. (father) appeals the judgment terminating the parental relationship with his daughter, S.N-V. We affirm.
I. Introduction
Father raises two arguments in support of his appeal: the juvenile court erred in finding (1) that he was unfit because the Department did not make reasonable efforts to rehabilitate him (father wanted a neuropsychological evaluation) and (2) that no less drastic alternative to termination existed. The nature of father's appeal is a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence underlying the juvenile court's judgment terminating his parental rights.
Our review of sufficiency claims is based on the settled principle that, at a termination hearing, the credibility of the witnesses; the sufficiency, probative effect, and weight of the evidence; and the inferences and conclusions to be drawn from the evidence are within the discretion of the juvenile court, and we will not disturb these conclusions unless they are so clearly erroneous as to find no support in the record. People in Interest of A.J.L., 243 P.3d 244, 250 (Colo. 2010); People in Interest of C.A.K., 652 P.2d 603, 613 (Colo. 1982). We adhere to such a principle because the juvenile court uniquely has the opportunity "to judge the credibility of the witnesses." A.J.L., 243 P.3d at 249 (quoting C.R.C.P. 52).
The Denver Department of Human Services (Department) and S.N-V.'s guardian ad litem (GAL) (collectively, the Department) initially contend we should not engage in such a review of the evidence supporting the reasonable efforts finding because father never "filed any written motions complaining of the Department's reasonable efforts" and never "sought a court hearing to address the issue." The Department relies on opinions from other divisions of our court that barred a parent from challenging the sufficiency of the evidence supporting the juvenile court's finding that reasonable efforts were made to rehabilitate the parent. These opinions applied various estoppel doctrines because the parent acquiesced in, and subsequently failed to request modification of, his or her treatment plan prior to the termination hearing. See People in Interest of M.S., 129 P.3d 1086 (Colo. App. 2005)(applying estoppel doctrine of invited error); see also People in Interest of D.P., 160 P.3d 351 (Colo. App. 2007)(citing M.S. but applying estoppel doctrine of waiver).
Estoppel doctrines generally bar a party from asserting a claim or right that contradicts what that party has said or done before or what has been legally established as true. Brian A. Garner, Black's Law Dictionary624 (9th ed. 2009).
We hold that estoppel doctrines do not apply as a bar in this case. As we will discuss, father's acquiescence to his treatment plan at the dispositional hearing, and his subsequent failure to object to the services supporting the reasonable efforts to rehabilitate him, may not be used to bar our review of the evidence supporting the juvenile court's finding that the Department proved by clear and convincing evidence that reasonable efforts were unsuccessful in rehabilitating father. See § 19-3-604(2)(h), C.R.S. 2011; see also § 19-1-103(89), C.R.S. 2011 ("Services provided by a county or city and county in accordance with section 19-3-208 [C.R.S. 2011] are deemed to meet the reasonable efforts standard."). Before we address father's substantive challenges on appeal, therefore, we must consider why estoppel doctrines do not bar him from bringing those challenges.
II. Father's Challenges on Appeal
To put this case in context, we begin with a few observations about father's treatment needs. To help father obtain custody of S.N-V. as a fit parent, the juvenile court adopted an appropriate treatment plan involving S.N-V. and father, requiring, inter alia, that father improve his parenting skills, demonstrate the ability to use appropriate communication and anger management skills (because of prior incidents of domestic violence), and attend visits with S.N-V. As part of the treatment plan, the court determined father needed a domestic violence evaluation and ordered the Department to perform such an evaluation of him. At the time, father did not object to that plan.
Several months before the termination hearing, the juvenile court authorized a full neuropsychological evaluation of father.
Instead of the full neuropsychological evaluation, the Department paid for a psychological evaluation of father. That evaluation revealed that he had suffered a traumatic brain injury in childhood; that he had a full scale IQ of 79 — which put him in the borderline range of overall intellectual abilities; that he had a cognitive disorder; and that he had a generalized seizure disorder from his youth.
Father's challenge to the juvenile court's reasonable efforts finding is based on the Department's decision not to provide him with a full neuropsychological evaluation. He contends this evaluation was necessary to determine whether appropriate services were being rendered to him.
In its initial response to father's petition on appeal, the Department argued that father waived his right to challenge, on appeal, the juvenile court's reasonable efforts findings because he did not assert his request for a full neuropsychological evaluation before the termination hearing. To adequately address this response, we directed the parties to provide supplemental briefing. See C.A.R. 3.4(j)(2) ("After reviewing the petition on appeal, any response, and the record, the Court of Appeals may . . . set the case for supplemental briefing on issues raised by the parties . . . .").
A. Estoppel Doctrines
In its supplemental brief, the Department urges us to apply the estoppel doctrines of invited error or forfeiture. While this position is supported by the holding in M.S., we decline to follow it. See People v. Wolfe, 213 P.3d 1035, 1036 (Colo. App. 2009)(one division of court of appeals not bound by decision of another division).
The Department's position is based on two seemingly contradictory premises. On the one hand, the Department argues that a parent invites error by not "rais[ing] the appropriateness of his treatment plan at the time of its adoption [invoking the invited error doctrine] or at any point thereafter [invoking the forfeiture doctrine], prior to the termination hearing."
On the other hand, the Department argues that, regardless of what a parent does before the termination hearing, the juvenile court maintains the "solemn duty to find that each and every statutory criterion of termination has been proved by clear and convincing evidence," which includes a finding that "reasonable efforts have been made to rehabilitate the parent."
The Department provides a solution to this contradiction by asking us to apply "plain error" review to a juvenile court's findings following a termination hearing when a parent fails to challenge the appropriateness of his or her treatment plan before that hearing. We disagree with the Department's underlying premise — that a respondent parent's failure to so challenge constitutes error. The constitutional and statutory due process requirements for a termination hearing place no duty on a respondent parent. That is because the petitioner (here, the Department) has the duty of proving, by clear and convincing evidence, the treatment plan's appropriateness. Therefore, we decline to apply plain error review.
1. Constitutional and Statutory Due Process
When the State seeks to sever the parent-child legal relationship, it must employ "fundamentally fair procedures," Santosky v. Kramer, 455 U.S. 745, 753-54 (1982), because parents have a fundamental liberty interest in the "care, custody, and management of their child" that must be respected even if "they have not been model parents or have lost temporary custody of their child to the State." Id. at 753.
The procedures at the termination hearing, mandated by the Due Process Clause, "require[] that the state support the alleged grounds for termination by a standard of proof no less demanding than clear and convincing evidence." People in Interest of A.M.D., 648 P.2d 625, 631 (Colo. 1982). This elevated burden of proof in an adversarial hearing "adequately conveys to the factfinder the [necessary] level of subjective certainty about his factual conclusions," Santosky, 455 U.S. at 769, and helps alleviate "the possible risk that a factfinder might decide to [deprive] an individual [of his or her liberty interest] based solely on a few isolated instances of unusual conduct [or] . . . idiosyncratic behavior." Id. at 764 (quoting Addington v. Texas, 441 U.S. 418, 427 (1979)).
[o]nly when conditions have so deteriorated that . . . a parent is deemed unfit when tested by demanding standards is a parent-child relationship to be terminated. Termination is an unfortunate but necessary remedy when all reasonable means of establishing a satisfactory parent-child relationship have been tried and found wanting. It is not a desired outcome for which the [Department] should strive from the inception of a dependency or neglect proceeding.
A.M.D., 648 P.2d at 640 (citation omitted).
The statutory procedures for termination of parental rights in Colorado are governed by the Parent-Child Legal Relationship Termination Act of 1987 (the Act). Id. at 634. The Act provides that, following the filing of a written motion alleging the factual grounds for termination, a separate hearing must be held to consider termination. § 19-3-602, C.R.S. 2011; A.M.D., 648 P.2d at 634. The termination hearing must be held no sooner than thirty days after the motion is filed. § 19-3-602(1), C.R.S. 2011. Prior to the hearing, a parent must be advised of his or her right to be represented by counsel, § 19-3-602(2), C.R.S. 2011, and, for the first time in the dependency and neglect process, an indigent parent has the right to have the court appoint "one expert witness of his own choosing whose reasonable fees and expenses . . . shall be paid by the state of Colorado." § 19-3-607(1), C.R.S. 2011.
The statutory criteria for termination pursuant to section 19- 3-604(1)(c), C.R.S. 2011, require that, for the juvenile court to terminate parental rights, the petitioner must establish by clear and convincing evidence that an appropriate treatment plan approved by the court has not been successful in rehabilitating the parent, the parent is unfit, and the conduct or condition of the parent is unlikely to change within a reasonable time. See § 19-3-604(1)(c)(I)- (III), C.R.S. 2011; A.M.D., 648 P.2d at 634-35; People in Interest of S.M.A.M.A., 172 P.3d 958, 962 (Colo. App. 2007).
To determine whether a parent is unfit, the juvenile court must consider whether "[r]easonable efforts by child-caring agencies . . . have been unable to rehabilitate the parent or parents." § 19-3- 604(2)(h). "Reasonable efforts" means "the exercise of diligence and care" to reunify a parent with his or her children, and it includes "[s]ervices provided by a county or city and county in accordance with section 19-3-208." § 19-1-103(89).
These services include, as relevant here, "[v]isitation services for parents with children in out-of-home placement" and diagnostic and mental health services. § 19-3-208(2)(b)(IV), (d)(V), C.R.S. 2011; see Dep't of Human Servs. Reg. Nos. 7.303.1, 7.303.14, 7.310.1, 7.310.3, 12 Code Colo. Regs. 2509-4. In addition, these services "shall be available and provided, as determined necessary and appropriate by individual case plans." § 19-3-208(2)(b)(IV), (d)(V).
"[I]ndividual case plans," which must be "developed with the input or participation of the family," § 19-3-209, C.R.S. 2011, include services identified in a parent's treatment plan. See Dep't of Human Servs. Reg. Nos. 7.301.22, 7.301.24, 12 Code Colo. Regs. 2509-4.
For a parent's "treatment plan" to be "appropriate," it must be "approved by the court" and be "reasonably calculated to render the particular respondent fit to provide adequate parenting to the child within a reasonable time and . . . relate[] to the child's needs." § 19- 1-103(10), C.R.S. 2011. The children's health and safety are the paramount concerns of the services identified in the treatment plan.
§ 19-1-103(89); People in Interest of D.G., 140 P.3d 299, 302 (Colo. App. 2006).
Hence, in considering whether "[r]easonable efforts . . . have been unable to rehabilitate the parent or parents," the juvenile court must consider whether clear and convincing evidence supports the conclusion that a parent is unfit because (1) the services provided were appropriate to support the parent's treatment plan but (2) they were unsuccessful in accomplishing the treatment plan's purpose of rendering him or her a fit parent. In making such a finding, the juvenile court thereby satisfies the supreme court's due process requirement that "all reasonable means of establishing a satisfactory parent-child relationship have been tried and found wanting." A.M.D., 648 P.2d at 640.
Accordingly, the juvenile court in this case was obligated to evaluate father's key treatment issues (related to his cognitive disorders) and determine whether clear and convincing evidence supported the conclusion that he was unfit because (1) the visitation, diagnostic, and mental health services were appropriate but (2) they were unsuccessful in rendering him a fit parent.
2. The Invited Error Doctrine
Nevertheless, relying on M.S., the Department contends that a parent in father's position is barred from obtaining appellate review of the juvenile court's finding at the termination hearing that "reasonable efforts have been unable to rehabilitate the parent," when that parent either stipulates to or acquiesces in his or her treatment plan at the dispositional hearing. We disagree.
In M.S., the father appealed a trial court's judgment terminating his parental rights, arguing (as he had at the termination hearing) that his treatment plan was not appropriate because it did not include a mental health component that addressed his suicidal ideations, undiagnosed depression, and self-medication with illegal substances. M.S., 129 P.3d at 1086. Applying the invited error doctrine, the division held that the father was barred from raising the issue on appeal because he had stipulated, at the dispositional hearing, to the plan's appropriateness. Id. at 1087.
The invited error doctrine applies when a party invites or injects an error in the proceedings and later claims that the error should be a basis for reversal on appeal. See, e.g., People v. Wittrein, 221 P.3d 1076, 1082 (Colo. 2009)(defendant invited witness to give the testimony that he claimed on appeal was impermissible); People v. Zapata, 779 P.2d 1307, 1308-09 (Colo. 1989)(defendant drafted and tendered jury instruction that he claimed on appeal was legally insufficient); People v. Shackelford, 182 Colo. 48, 49, 511 P.2d 19, 20 (1973)(defendant elicited prejudicial evidence of separate crime from witness and then claimed on appeal that such evidence should not have been allowed).
Invited error also occurs when a party — because of tactics or trial strategy — affirmatively consents to or acquiesces in a ruling of the trial court and then claims on appeal that the trial court erred in making such a ruling. See, e.g., Horton v. Suthers, 43 P.3d 611, 618-19 (Colo. 2002)(defendant "expressly acquiesced" in court's hearing of habeas petition and then claimed on appeal that court erroneously decided merits); People v. Collins, 730 P.2d 293, 304-05 (Colo. 1986)(defendant took position as matter of trial strategy that no heat of passion defense applied and then claimed on appeal that trial court should have instructed jury on such defense).
We disagree with the M.S. division's application of the invited error doctrine, for several reasons. First, by stipulating to a treatment plan at a dispositional hearing, a parent does not inject error into the proceedings. Rather, because the parent and the Department share the mutual goal of preserving the family, see People in Interest of B.J.D., 626 P.2d 727, 730 (Colo. App. 1981), the parent has every incentive to agree to and cooperate with the proposed treatment plan designed, with his or her participation, to accomplish that purpose. See § 19-3-209; see also Dep't of Human Servs. Reg. No. 7.301.22, 12 Code Colo. Regs. 2509-4. By not cooperating, a parent risks the Department pursuing termination.
Moreover, it does not follow that a parent at a dispositional hearing would intentionally mislead the court — because of tactics or trial strategy — by stipulating to a plan the parent considers inappropriate in an effort to create an appellate issue in the event parental rights are later terminated. An appropriate treatment plan is intended and designed to accomplish the parent's goal of avoiding a termination proceeding in the first instance. Notably, there was no evidence that the father in M.S. intentionally misled the court about his condition in order to gain some sort of an advantage over the Department.
Second, invited error would not apply because the father in M.S. did not appeal the dispositional order, much less claim on appeal of the dispositional order that an inappropriate treatment plan should be a basis for reversal of that order. See § 19-1- 109(2)(c), C.R.S. 2011 ("An order decreeing a child to be neglected or dependent shall be a final and appealable order after the entry of the disposition pursuant to section 19-3-508."); see also Wittrein, 221 P.3d at 1082.7
Third, although the father in M.S. "stipulat[ed] to the appropriateness of the treatment plan at the time of its adoption by the court," 129 P.3d at 1087, he did not acquiesce in the appropriateness of the services ultimately provided. Rather, at the termination hearing he was merely arguing that additional mental health services would have rendered him a fit parent — a position that did not contradict his earlier position of preserving his family. Thus, his stipulation did not legally establish, as true, that "all reasonable means of establishing a satisfactory parent-child relationship have been tried and found wanting." A.M.D., 648 P.2d at 640.
Fourth, we also observe that, when the original disposition does not terminate parental rights, the dispositional hearing serves a different purpose and requires a lower evidentiary burden than does the termination hearing. Thus, a parent's position at the dispositional hearing is not equivalent to, and differs in kind from, that parent's position at the termination hearing. For example:
• The collaborative process involved in the development of a case plan, which is designed to encourage parental commitment to work on treatment goals and engage in the services provided by the Department, see Child Welfare Information Gateway, U.S. Dep't of Health & Human Servs., Admin. for Children & Families, "The Benefits of Family Engagement" (2010), available at http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/f_fam_engagement/f_fam_engagement.pdf, stands in stark contrast to the adversarial nature of a termination hearing, which seeks permanently to sever the parent-child legal relationship. See Santosky, 455 U.S. at 753-54.
• The Department's proposed treatment plan at a dispositional hearing is designed to achieve the mutual goal of parental reunification with the child. §§ 19-3-507(1)(b), 19-3-508(1)(e)(I), C.R.S. 2011.
• The authors of reports that must be considered by the juvenile court at a dispositional hearing need not appear at that hearing; thus, they need not be examined or cross-examined under oath unless "requested by the child, his parent or guardian, or other interested party" or by "the court . . . if it finds that the interest of the child so requires." § 19-1-107(2), C.R.S. 2011; see also § 19-3- 507(1)(a), C.R.S. 2011.
• The burden of proof at a dispositional hearing is merely a preponderance of the evidence. People in Interest of L.B., 254 P.3d 1203, 1208 (Colo. App. 2011); cf. A.M.D., 648 P.2d at 640 ("When a dependency or neglect proceeding is viewed in light of its primary purpose — as helpful and remedial in preserving and mending familial ties — the importance of permitting State intervention on a standard of proof lower than clear and convincing evidence becomes evident.").
3. Doctrine of Forfeiture
The Department also contends that a parent's subsequent failure to object to the treatment plan constitutes a forfeiture, rather than a waiver, of the parent's right to seek appellate review of the sufficiency of the evidence supporting the court's termination findings pursuant to section 19-3-604. We conclude it does not.
"One of the most familiar procedural rubrics in the administration of justice is the rule that the failure of a litigant to assert a right in the trial court likely will result in its forfeiture." People v. Pauley, 42 P.3d 57, 59 (Colo. App. 2001)(quoting United States v. Calverley, 37 F.3d 160, 162 (5th Cir. 1994)); see United States v. Olano, 507 U.S. 725, 731 (1993)("'No procedural principle is more familiar . . . than that a constitutional right,' or a right of any other sort, 'may be forfeited in criminal as well as civil cases by the failure to make timely assertion of the right before a tribunal having jurisdiction to determine it.'" (quoting Yakus v. United States, 321 U.S. 414, 444 (1944))).
The M.S. division implied that the father forfeited his right to challenge the treatment plan because, having stipulated to the plan, he did not later "bring any perceived deficiency in the plan to the trial court's attention prior to the termination hearing." M.S., 129 P.3d at 1088. The division applied the forfeiture doctrine because "[i]t is a parent's responsibility to secure compliance with and success of a treatment plan." Id.
While we agree that the parent has a responsibility to comply with the terms of the treatment plan to avoid termination of parental rights, a treatment plan cannot be successful unless both the parent complies with it and it is itself appropriate to "render the [parent] fit to provide adequate parenting to the child within a reasonable time and . . . relates to the child's needs." § 19-1- 103(10); see People in Interest of A.H., 736 P.2d 425, 428 (Colo. App. 1987).
In B.J.D., the division held that "[t]o justify the appropriateness of a treatment plan upon some theory of estoppel, or failure to object to its terms, makes no sense." 626 P.2d at 730. The division reasoned that a plan that is inappropriate "to eliminate those factors which necessitated society's intrusion into the family in the first instance" does not become appropriate "because the parent fails to object to it." Id. We agree with the division in B.J.D.
The division in M.S. distinguished B.J.D. by highlighting the fact that "[i]n B.J.D., there was no indication that the parent had stipulated to the appropriateness of the plan, and the trial court conceded that the plan had failed to address the facts existing at the time it was implemented." M.S., 129 P.3d at 1088. The Department contends that the M.S. division correctly placed such a burden on a respondent parent because that would allow the juvenile court to "rectify the purported error" and "it is the parent who is best able to voice concerns about the treatment plan's appropriateness."
The dispositional and review hearing statutes, however, place no such duty on a respondent parent. Moreover, as noted, the Act places on the petitioner the burden to prove, by clear and convincing evidence, that a parent is unfit because "[r]easonable efforts . . . have been unable to rehabilitate the parent." § 19-3- 604(2)(h).
Thus, we cannot fault a parent for failing to assert an error in the treatment plan, which he or she had no duty to assert, to avoid forfeiting the constitutional and statutory right to have the juvenile court consider whether the petitioner met its constitutional and statutory burden of proof. See Santosky, 455 U.S. at 765; see also § 19-3-604(2)(h).
Accordingly, we conclude that a respondent parent's position regarding his or her treatment plan at the time of its adoption, or at any point thereafter prior to the termination hearing, is not equivalent to, or a substitute for, a juvenile court's finding at the termination hearing by clear and convincing evidence that the services provided to the respondent parent were appropriate but unsuccessful in rendering him or her a fit parent. See In re S.P.W., 707 S.W.2d 814, 826 (Mo. Ct. App. 1986).
Likewise, it would be fundamentally unfair to bar a respondent parent from challenging the sufficiency of the evidence underlying the juvenile court's findings at the termination hearing, because the parent cooperated with the Department at a time when he or she was encouraged to do so, yet neglected to assert errors that, under constitutional and statutory standards of due process, he or she had no duty to assert. See § 19-3-604(1); Santosky, 455 U.S. at 753-54. To the extent D.P. relies on a statutory waiver analysis to bar a parent from challenging on appeal the sufficiency of the juvenile court's findings, we also decline to follow it. See Wolfe, 213 P.3d at 1036.
4. Application to this Case
We note that the Department was fully aware of the juvenile court's authorization of a full neuropsychological evaluation for father and that it knew the potential value of such an evaluation. Therefore, based on the preceding discussion, we conclude father's failure to persist in his request for a full neuropsychological evaluation prior to the termination hearing did not estop him from challenging on appeal the adequacy of the juvenile court's findings as to the reasonable efforts to rehabilitate him.
Now that we have concluded that estoppel doctrines do not bar father from bringing his substantive challenges on appeal, we turn to the merits of those challenges, beginning with the facts underlying father's positions in the earlier proceedings.
B. Proceedings Before the Termination Hearing
This family came to the attention of the Department due to concerns of neglect regarding father's three children. One of those children, six-year-old S.N-V., was attending school, but the school reported that she was dirty and had difficulty concentrating. There was also concern that one of S.N-V.'s siblings was taken to the hospital for an alleged seizure that may have been related to child abuse.
Although father did not live with S.N-V., the Department's petition in dependency and neglect reported he was "very involved" in her life and supervised her when S.N-V.'s mother was unavailable.
Father entered a "no-fault" admission to the Department's petition, admitting the allegation in the petition that S.N-V. was "homeless, without proper care, or not domiciled with a parent, guardian, or legal custodian through no fault of such child's parent, guardian, or legal custodian." See§ 19-3-102(1)(e), C.R.S. 2011.
At the dispositional hearing, the Department and S.N-V.'s GAL did not seek to terminate father's parental rights. Instead, in response to the Department's recommendation, the parties agreed that the Department would retain custody of S.N-V., but that father would both participate in periodic visitation and provide the Department with the contact information of his relatives so that the Department possibly could place the children with such relatives temporarily — all with the end goal of father obtaining custody of S.N-V. (The Department subsequently placed S.N-V. with a paternal aunt in Pueblo.) Also at the dispositional hearing, as noted, the juvenile court adopted an appropriate treatment plan involving S.N-V. and father.
Because father was not cooperating with the other parties, at a subsequent review hearing, the juvenile court ordered him to complete his domestic violence training, cease threatening and cursing at the caseworker, and comply with all treatment plan recommendations. The court otherwise left his treatment plan in effect. In the meantime, the Department afforded him therapy to improve his parenting and communication skills.
The Department, however, subsequently moved to terminate father's parental rights as to S.N-V., alleging (in part) that his treatment plan was not successful.
At a subsequent review hearing, because the Department was still pursuing a concurrent goal of reunification, see § 19-3-508(7), C.R.S. 2011 ("[e]fforts to place a child for adoption or with a legal guardian or custodian, including identifying appropriate in-state and out-of-state permanent placement options, may be made concurrently with reasonable efforts to preserve and reunify the family"), the juvenile court granted the Department's request for a three-month continuance to give father more time to complete his treatment plan.
Then, at the hearing set for the Department's termination motion, the court (for reasons not reflected in the record) ordered the Department to pay for a psychological evaluation of father. The court also authorized a full neuropsychological evaluation if necessary. As a result, the termination hearing was continued a second time.
The Department, however, declined to provide father the full neuropsychological evaluation because it could not afford to pay for it. Instead, it paid for the psychological evaluation discussed previously.
C. The Termination Hearing
The juvenile court ultimately held a two-day termination hearing. At that hearing, the psychologist who performed the psychological evaluation of father testified that, based on both father's cognitive disorder diagnosis and his seizure disorder that had been occurring since he was nine years old, his treatment plan providing visitations with S.N-V. and therapy to address parenting skills was appropriate.
After the hearing, the juvenile court terminated father's parental rights as to S.N-V. "by clear and convincing evidence standard of proof." The court found an appropriate treatment plan had been adopted for father and determined that, despite his recent efforts to comply with his treatment plan, father was unfit and unlikely to become fit within a reasonable period of time; that S.NV. had significant special needs and needed permanence; and that no less drastic alternative to termination existed. The court also concluded the adoption of S.N-V. by the paternal aunt who originally took S.N-V. into her home was a possibility, and it requested that the Department consider whether the aunt was a viable placement.
D. The Department's Reasonable Efforts to Rehabilitate
Father first contends the juvenile court erred in finding that he was unfit because the Department did not make reasonable efforts to rehabilitate him. He argues that the Department's "failure to perform a neuropsychological evaluation deprived [the Department] of information necessary to know whether [it] had implemented a reasonable treatment plan." He contends the juvenile court "ordered" a full neuropsychological evaluation for this very reason. We disagree.
We note that the record does not reflect the juvenile court ordereda full neuropsychological evaluation as part of the treatment plan. The court, as evidenced by its minute order, merely authorizedthe Department to perform such an evaluation. The Department, however, chose for budgetary reasons merely to perform the psychological evaluation, which took father's brain injury into account in determining his level of cognitive functioning.
A licensed professional counselor, who had a doctoral degree in psychology, testified that she had conducted the psychological evaluation of father to determine the extent, if any, that his cognitive difficulties would hinder his ability to parent.
Although father argues the full neuropsychological evaluation could have increased the likelihood of success of the treatment plan, the Department introduced into evidence the psychological evaluation that documented father's condition and history. The juvenile court's termination order reflects that the court considered this evaluation to be sufficient. We see no reason to disturb the court's finding. A.iL., 243 P.3d at 250.
We therefore conclude the juvenile court did not err in finding that clear and convincing evidence showed an appropriate treatment plan was unsuccessful in rendering father a fit parent.
E. No Less Drastic Alternative
Father also contends the juvenile court erred in finding that no less drastic alternative to termination existed. We disagree.
A juvenile court must consider and eliminate less drastic alternatives before entering an order terminating the parent-child legal relationship under section 19-3-604(1)(c). See People in Interest of D.B-i, 89 P.3d 530, 531 (Colo. App. 2004)(this requirement is implicit in the statutory scheme). In making this determination, the court must give primary consideration to the physical, mental, and emotional conditions and needs of the child. § 19-3-604(3), C.R.S. 2011.
Permanent placement is not a viable less drastic alternative if the child needs a stable, permanent home that can only be assured by adoption. People in Interest of Z.P., 167 P.3d 211, 214 (Colo. App. 2007).
Father's therapist and caseworker testified that termination of parental rights was appropriate, that no less drastic alternatives existed, and that adoption was in S.N-V.'s best interests.
The paternal aunt testified that S.N-V. lived with her and had developed a close relationship with her other children. She also testified that she wanted to adopt S.N-V. The juvenile court discussed with the paternal aunt placement through allocation of parental responsibilities or adoption, and she confirmed that she wanted to adopt S.N-V. See § 19-5-203(1)(a), C.R.S. 2011 ("A child may be available for adoption only upon . . . [an] [o]rder of the court terminating the parent-child legal relationship . . . .").
Because the record supports the juvenile court's findings, we conclude the court did not err in finding that clear and convincing evidence showed no less drastic alternative to termination existed. See A.J.L., 243 P.3d at 250.
The judgment is affirmed.
JUDGE ROY and JUDGE LICHTENSTEIN concur.
These opinions are not final. They may be modified, changed or withdrawn in accordance with Rules 40 and 49 of the Colorado Appellate Rules. Changes to or modifications of these opinions resulting from any action taken by the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court are not incorporated here.
Colorado Court of Appeals Opinions || December 22, 2011


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powerheads for a 30 gal sw
I've read most of the threads but everyone seems to have a bigger tank than me.
So I was wondering if a nano koralia and a mj 900 plus a skimmer (sea clone) and a AC 300 be enough current in my tank. I don't have my AC300 running all the time. I don't see any dead spots. But I do see a fine film on the top of the water in one corner by the nano koralia.:roll:
You should always have at bare minimum flow 10 times your tank size(in gallons) so you need at least 300gph, better would be 600gph. so if your #'s from the pumps you have add to in between these #'s it'll be fine, which it sounds like it is. i have a MJ600 MJ400 and Skimmer pushing my 25g and my corals are doing well as well as my fish.
I would suggest running your AC300 full time, even if you run it empty. The "top down" water current created by a hang on unit is beneficial and difficult to achieve with only power heads.
agreed and it adds to the randomness of the flow.
its a done deal. I will leave on my AC on all the time.
Thanks for the help.
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WASHINGTON (WUSA) - Washingtonians have to protect themselves from carjackers, but now also need to be wary of thieves' breaking-in to their cars and stealing car components, cash, clothes, and other items left inside the car and the trunk.
Local police and AAA Mid-Atlantic released a recent study that shows the amount of thefts inside a Washington area car has increased in recent years.
According to the study, thieves stole valuables out of more than seven thousand cars in 2011.
So far in 2012, thieves have stolen items from more than three thousand cars in Washington, D.C., according to the Metropolitan Police Department.
It is a crime of opportunity, which includes "the thefts of items left in cars, thefts of interior components such as radios or batteries, and thefts of external parts such as wheels," adds the Center for Problem-Oriented Policing.
Metros parking lots, and underground garages have been hot spots for thieves in the past months.
Officials urge car owners to make sure their doors are locked once they leave, and that valuables are taken out of plain sight.


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Antiques Considered - February 27, 2013
- Details
- Last Updated on Wednesday, 27 February 2013 10:26
- Published on Wednesday, 27 February 2013 10:26
- Hits: 1628
This chair was an estate sale purchase some years ago. It still has its original black lacquer finish, which, with its gold decoration, is worn in spots, and the rush seat is very old, if not original. The latter is real rush, rather than the twisted brown paper type that is more common today.
Reputedly, until the estate sale, the chair descended through the same family since it was new. The new owners recently had the chair strengthened, but in a way that is not apparent to others.
This chair dates from the first quarter of the nineteenth century, the high point of the Federal Period. From the painted and gilded finish, it could be of Baltimore origin. On the East Coast during the Federal Period Baltimore was the principal center of painted furniture, which remains highly in demand. I doubt that the rushing is original, as 200 years of sitting should have taken a significant toll.
As to the "strengthening", in many such cases structural action is literally necessary to keep the piece from coming apart at the seams. The design is quite good, showing a level of sophistication on the part of the maker, but it is also a delicate piece. From the photographs the strengthening is not visible, and did not affect the chair's value.
The chair is worth $250. If it could be documented as a Baltimore piece, the value would increase exponentially. Baltimore pieces command significant prices, and have come into their own market over the last 40 years. Mrs. Harry Hughes, the wife of the former Governor of Maryland, undertook to restore the Governor's Mansion during their tenure there. In the process she highlighted Maryland craftsmanship, which popularized the State's decorative history, thereby increasing the demand for good Maryland pieces.
Happy Antiquing!


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Catherine Ellen Hileman, 68, of Westport, passed away at 9:50 a.m. Saturday, November 9, 2013, at Morning Breeze Healthcare Center in Greensburg.
A Westport resident most of her life, she was born September 6, 1945, in Connersville, the daughter of Terrence and Margaret (Abel) Madigan. She graduated from Shelbyville High School in 1963, received her Bachelor of Science from Indiana State University in 1967 and her Master of Science in 1970 from Indiana State University
She taught first grade at Oak Hill School Corporation from 1967-1968, first grade at Clinton Prairie School Corporation from 1968-1969 and then retired from teaching first grade and kindergarten at Decatur County Community Schools where she taught from 1969 to 2002. She had also worked for Weight Watchers for several years.
She was a member of Westport United Methodist Church where she had taught Sunday School. She was also a member of Indiana Retired Teachers Association, Decatur County Retired Teachers, Women Educators of Decatur County and Indiana State Teachers Association. She enjoyed reading, sewing, knitting, needlepoint, taking books to the hospital for the Books for Babies program, and her membership with the Glory Girls.
She married David L. Hileman at First Methodist Church in Shelbyville on July 30, 1967, and he survives along with her daughter, Stephanie Ross of New Albany, and son, Terry (Autumn) Hileman of Columbus; and her grandchildren, Emilyn Grace Ross of New Albany and Ethan Finn Hileman of Columbus.
She was preceded in death by her parents and a brother, Timothy Madigan.
The funeral service will be conducted at 11:00 a.m. Thursday, November 14, 2013, at Bass & Gasper Funeral Home in Westport with Pastor Maureen Walby officiating. A time for visitation will be held on Wednesday, November 13, 2013, from 4:00 until 8:00 p.m. at the funeral home. Following cremation, burial will be held on Saturday, November 16, 2013, at 1:00 p.m. at Westport Cemetery.
In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made through the funeral home to the Alzheimer's Association, Our Hospice of South Central Indiana, the American Cancer Society or the donor's choice of charities.
Online condolences may be sent to the family at www.bassgasper.com.
All content copyright ©2016 The Republic, a publication of AIM Media Indiana unless otherwise noted.
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The Gamer Diet
Just like the right song can enhance your gaming experience, so too, can the right food. It's common knowledge that just the right kind of accessories can turn any casual gaming experience into a memorable one. For example, you are carefully making your way through the endless crowds of zombies in Dead Rising. You have the sound effects cranked all the way up, a bottle of water next to your chair, and a minimalist sandwich sitting on your coffee table. This scenario really immerses you in the game experience, where no other media is distracting you from the core game.
Alright, so let's change things up a bit. Grab a can of any particular energy drink, a family-size bag of potato chips, and "Bodies" by Drowning Pool on repeat. All of a sudden, your survival/horror experience has just turned into this crazed, ammo spewing, blood-drenched action sequence of which there is no discernible end.
So does what you eat while you are gaming determine the experience you have? I believe so. However, is the risk worth the reward? There are reasons why gamers are notoriously known as being pale, overweight, and acne-ridden.
Is the food we eat the cause for this stereotype? I looked into five items usually found in a gamer's diet to find out. I should take this opportunity to warn you, excessive consumption of the following items may induce serious side-effects. (Such as lack of girlfriends, sleep, muscle, and any traces of a normal social life)
The Energy Drink
Essential for: First Person Shooters, MMORPG marathons
Positive Gaming Effects: Enhanced reaction time, ability to endure long stretches of gaming with little or no rest.
Negative Health Effects: Adverse effects include dehydration, insomnia, headaches, nervousness, nosebleeds, and vomiting. Reports claim that energy drinks have caused even more severe reactions, such as seizure, heart arrhythmia, and death. But you totally owned that dude in Halo 2. So, it's totally worth it.
See the rest of the results after the jump.
Essential for: LAN parties
Positive Gaming Effects: You don't have to leave the house. You can now even order a pizza online, so you don't even have to get up to use the phone! Everyone wins!
Negative Health Effects: Pizza has notoriously high fat content, along with massive amounts of sodium percentages. It's the equivalent of injecting grease directly into your arteries, and then punching yourself in the heart repeatedly.
Potato Chips
Essential for: Anything involving a TV and a couch.
Positive Game Effects: The communal, portable nature of the bag ensures that every person on the couch can snack without obstructing the view of anyone else.
Negative Health Effects: The oils that many Potato Chips are cooked in have almost twice the fat content of Lard. Eating a bag full of Bugles is essentially the same as eating a jar full of mayonnaise. Next time, I'm just going to dip the Bugles IN the mayonnaise. Imagine the possibilities.
Soft Drinks
Essential for: Everything
Positive Game Effects: There are very few gaming scenarios that don't warrant a nice tall glass of Mountain Dew. Yellow 5 plus caffeine equals crazy delicious.
Negative Health Effects: Obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Type 2?! That's like you leveled up your diabetes! Ding!
Wendy's Frosty
Essential for: Life
Positive Gaming Effects: Makes whatever you were previously doing 1000 times more amazingly fantastic.
Negative Health Effects: Brain freeze.


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All public logs
From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
Combined display of all available logs of Uncyclopedia. You can narrow down the view by selecting a log type, the username (case-sensitive), or the affected page (also case-sensitive).
- 07:55, January 2, 2010 Un-MadMax (talk | contribs) restored page Template:Chuck Norris (6 revisions restored)
- 22:51, September 11, 2009 Roman Dog Bird (talk | contribs) deleted page Template:Chuck Norris (VFD)
- 21:24, June 8, 2007 Famine (talk | contribs) deleted page Template:Chuck Norris (content was: '{{Box|TheGod.jpg|150px|Chuck Norris does not simply approve this article, this article simply approves Chuck Norris|Chuck Norris took time from plea...')


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PUEBLO, Colo. (August 22, 2014) ~ The Colorado State University-Pueblo baseball program and head coach Stan Sanchez have released dates for their upcoming fall training sessions and prospect camp.
The fall training camps are designed to improve players of all ages and skill levels through hands on experience. Campers will enjoy learning from some of the best instructors that Southern Colorado has to offer. The fall sessions will be conducted on six different dates (Sept. 9, 11, 16, 18, 23 and 25) from 5:30-7:30 p.m. at Rawlings Field. Registration will open at 5:00 p.m. on Sept. 9, before the first clinic.
The prospect camp is designed in a pro showcase fashion for players to display their skills in front of the CSU-Pueblo coaching staff. This camp will be a great opportunity for high school players to get on the college baseball radar. The camp is open to high school players from freshmen through seniors and will take place at Rawlings field on Oct. 5 from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. The cost is $75 per player. Registration will take place from 9:00-10:00 a.m. at the field.
For more information on the clinic contact assistant coach Eddie Williams at (303) 884-5159 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com. More information can also be found by visiting the baseball camps page and accessing the links located at the bottom of the page.
KKTV firmly believes in freedom of speech for all and we are happy to provide this forum for the community to share opinions and facts. We ask that commenters keep it clean, keep it truthful, stay on topic and be responsible. Comments left here do not necessarily represent the viewpoint of KKTV 11 News.
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Printable View
I thought I had clicked on the Jackass thread, and was so confused for a second haha :innocent:
In Soviet Russia, bike rides you!
That last one could use foot retention and that gear ratio looks low to me, but it's still a sick bike and a cool wheelset!
both those bikes look painful, pretty, but painful.
that wheel
reminds me of a combination of a penny farthing and a Cinelli laser......
One of the first Kleins.
Attachment 233663
That's the Colnago Super, right? It looks great but I feel like Colnago just got a $500 bike and put their name on it.
I'll get in on this.
is that a real merckx? the decals seem kinda plain.
is that a real girl? looks kinda pimply.
That Merckx is pretty meh, and mixing those major taylors with a technomic is like risers on jaguars.
I love the simplicity of Sögreni bikes. Go Danes.
Am I the only one wondering why you two recognized a french women's shoe?
Because the shoes cost more than 2 Kilo TTs. And all the ladies dig expensive shoes - these being the Duke of Expensive when it comes to women's fashion.
Let's measure the expense of everything with Kilo tt's.


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You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"These invitations are of very nice quality, the design is very stunning. I like that the invitations are printed on good and firm material, not flimsy or thin in the least. Loved the coordinating print on the back of invitation.They were perfect! I was even more delighted that when they were received, I started getting texts and phone calls about how beautiful the invitations were, stating stunning, beautiful, sophisticated, and very classy!"
"This card was perfect for the birdal shower I was giving. The bride's wedding colors are navy blue and whiite, so these were just right for the occasion. I added the pearl shimmer and that added a nice touch to the card."
"Using this invite for a couple's shower , with one of the couple's engagement photos and some revision by the Wedding Paper Divas reviewer, ...she added the word "couple's" to the "Wedding Shower, and made a few additional tweaks as well,,,,perfect! I actually did two variations with different rsvp dates and info as it was going to two different groups Quick response and delivery, I have used WPD several times and have always been very pleased with product and service, highly recommend."
"I received my order about a week before I was supposed to which was very exciting! Once i opened the box the packaging is so adorable and I could tell even before looking at the invitations they would be perfect. The paper quality is amazing and the color is very pigmented! I was very pleased with what I ordered."
"I was very happy with my purchase of the Garden Gowned invitations for my daughter's Bridal Shower. Although they were smaller than I thought them to be (I didn't pay attention to the size measurements) I was very happy with how lovely they are. The design is beautiful on both the front and the back. Service and delivery were prompt and professional. I was sorry I did not order any of the matching extras, so I think I will go back and place another order, it's a lovely set!"


text:
May 5, 2016
A total solar eclipse August 1 will be seen only by a handful of observers lucky enough to be in the path, which starts in Canada and goes across the Arctic, through Russia and into China. The celestial alignment will create a partial eclipse that is visible across a broader area, including the far northeastern corner of North America and most of Europe and Asia. Solar eclipses occur when the moon moves in front of the sun. This can happen only at the time of a new moon, when the moon is between Earth and the sun, therefore making the sun no longer visible in our daytime sky.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or email@example.com.


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Tame your tummy and look svelte with the In Power Line Super Panties from Spanx. With a unique new design that gives your rear a lift, this mid-thigh shaper has a legband-free design for comfort to the thighs.
Product code: SPX-915
- Please note this item cannot be returned once opened
Need some help?
Call 1-866-751-2589 or chat to an advisor onlineCHAT NOW


text:
Just driving from Pasadena to Northridge and back this evening, we drove by 8 accidents and one stalled car, and almost became a statistic ourselves a couple of times.
Remember: Any change in speed or direction loses traction. Hitting your brakes AFTER you splash into a big puddle and start hydroplaning is TOO LATE! Just hold the wheel and stay off the pedals. Don't drive faster than you're capable of handling, and leave room to react to those who are driving too fast.
Be safe and I'll see you on future rides!


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This is a potential security issue, you are being redirected to http://nvd.nist.gov
Last updated: 4/28/2016 3:34:19 PM
CVE Publication rate: 19.27
NVD provides four mailing lists to the public. For information and subscription instructions please visit
NVD Mailing Lists
ctcphandler.cpp in Quassel before 0.6.3 and 0.7.x before 0.7.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (unresponsive IRC) via multiple Client-To-Client Protocol (CTCP) requests in a PRIVMSG message.
By selecting these links, you will be leaving NIST webspace. We have provided these links to other web sites because
they may have information that would be of interest to you. No inferences should be drawn on account of other sites
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NVD Services Version 3.5
Full vulnerability listing


text:
Schottler LTA
this wiki
| Schottler
Liberty City Subway station
|Station information
|3/8 Broker Line
|Next north
|Huntington Street: 3/8
|Next south
|Hove Beach: 3/8
Schottler is a subway stop on the Liberty City Subway system, located at the intersection of Sundance Street and Seneca Avenue in the South Slopes neighborhood of Broker (though it's named for the nearby neighborhood). The station is served by the 3/8 Broker Line.
Its concrete viaduct design is influenced by the Queens Boulevard stretch of New York City's IRT Flushing Line.
The station plays a role in the mission "The Puerto Rican Connection"; it is the destination of where the targets gets off the train and Niko kills him on the orders of Manny Escuela. When going into the station sometimes there will be a drunken person either male or female with a common pedestrian model laying on the floor.
Bug: The station platform uses a staircase where you can get up to the trains, but these stairs and their guardrails are placed right on the "yellow line" on the edge of the platform, thus blocking the way of entering/exiting pedestrians including the player, which will lead to the peds leaving the train on the other side of the carriage. They will start walking on the tracks aimlessly, prone to get hit by the subway trains.


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Company Profile
Efficient Frontier is the market and technology leader in providing SEM solutions for leading global advertisers and agencies. Founded in 2002, Efficient Frontier pioneered the application of modern portfolio theory to SEM and today combines its core algorithms and bidding technology with comprehensive strategic and tactical services to manage more than £85 million in European search spend. The largest and most sophisticated advertisers and agencies partner with Efficient Frontier to achieve and sustain optimal return on investment and ongoing campaign growth and efficiencies in highly competitive and volatile search marketplaces. Please visit www.efrontier.com/uk and http://blog.efrontier.com/.
See all sponsors & exhibitors.
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SES Accelerator, Feb 9
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Vice President (VP)
Executive Director, IT
Web Developer
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IT Project Manager


text:
HAPPENING, by
Jenny B. Jones, $12.99, Thomas Nelson; ages 9-12.
Bella Kirkwood lives in New York,
attends a private school, is on the A-list of popularity and shops
with her daddy's MasterCard. But her world crumbles when her dad
leaves for another woman and her mom falls for a man who lives in
Oklahoma with his two sons on a farm.
SINGS, by Bil Wright, Simon
Pulse, paperback, $5.99; ages 12-14.
Lahni Schuler's music teacher has
nominated her to sing in the school talent show. As a way to
prepare, Lahni decides to join the church choir. She is the only
African-American in an all-white world until choir. Not only has
choir prepared her for the talent show, it has become a place where
Lahni feels she belongs and can show her true self.
IMMORTALS), Book 1, by Tamora
Pierce, Simon Pulse, paperback $6.99; ages 11-13.
Daine, a 13-year-old orphan, is running
from her past, straight into the arms of the King's horse-mistress.
With a new job at the castle, Daine's ability to communicate with
animals can't be kept hidden. With lessons from the wizard, she
must learn to face her fears and embrace her talents. As the
kingdom is attacked, Daine is at the center of the war.
(SHERLOCK HOLMES AND THE BAKER STREET IRREGULARS), by
Tracy Mack and Michael Citrin, Orchard Books, paperback $6.99; ages
Tightrope walkers, The Amazing
Zalindas, fall to their deaths when the circus comes to town.
Sherlock Holmes is on the case. While Holmes and Watson investigate
at the palace, The Baker Street Irregulars spy on the circus. The
street boys, with the help of the fortune teller's daughter,
discover a connection between the deaths and a very valuable book
stolen from the king and queen.
by Anthony Horowitz, Scholastic Press,
$15.99; ages 9-12.
In this fourth novel in the Gatekeepers
series, Matt and the other three gatekeepers are in hiding. They
must find the fifth gatekeeper. The trail takes them to Hong Kong
where the fifth gatekeeper is being used as bait.
See more of Sandi's stories here.
What to do with your weekend, delivered every Thursday.
Great deals and chances to win prizes, delivered every Monday.
Exclusive offers from our partners,usually delivered twice a week.
Resources for parents of children with special needs,delivered the second Tuesday each month.


text:
BAILEY, Colo. (AP) - Jefferson County authorities say the body of a 21-year-old hiker has been found close to his home near Bailey.
The hiker, Nicholas Coats, went on a short hike at 4 p.m. on Wednesday and had not been seen since.
Coats did not leave a note as to when he would be returning. He also did not tell anyone his destination.
Authorities said Thursday the death is under investigation.
Copyright 2016 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
KKTV firmly believes in freedom of speech for all and we are happy to provide this forum for the community to share opinions and facts. We ask that commenters keep it clean, keep it truthful, stay on topic and be responsible. Comments left here do not necessarily represent the viewpoint of KKTV 11 News.
If you believe that any of the comments on our site are inappropriate or offensive, please tell us by clicking "Report Abuse" and answering the questions that follow. We will review any reported comments promptly.powered by Disqus
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text:
I had to do a D&E
I got pregnant and wasn't excited at all about it. It took me like 2 months to accept the idea. At 15 weeks I discovered I was pregnant with conjoined twins and they had no chance of surviving, 2 days later I went in for a D&E. I was strong throughout the whole super exhausting process but broke down HARD once I delivered. When I saw the tiny girls I felt like curling up and dying, it's been 4 days now and every day it gets harder. It's not like a miscarriage, because at the ultrasound right before the process I saw the beating hearts, I killed them, I feel like I should've waited till they died on their own but the doctor said I'd have to get a c section then of course. I feel HORRIBLE I can't even talk to my husband about this, I just can't get myself to say this out loud.
Posted: 05/17/2014 by Soolz
Mom Answers
Sort by: best answers | most recent answers
1 - 2 of 2 answers
Completely normal to feel horrible right now. Take some comfort in the fact that you did the only RIGHT thing for your daughters. It's hard right now but things will get easier as time goes on,I promise. Hugs to you. <3posted 05/17/2014 by a BabyCenter Member
Wow that is very tough. You finally made up your mind to keep them and then you find out you can't. As hard as it is to talk about it, it helps to get things off of your chest. Surround yourself with people who love you and care about you. Its really not your fault. I believe everything happens for a reason. Maybe this experience is meant to teach you something or idk. But you will be ok. Be strong and hang in there.posted 05/20/2014 by aorozco5
Answer this question


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• Inspection ROV surveys
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We are continually developing new and improved products as part of the on-going process of range development.
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text:
Furthering its commitment to provide a transparent dialog with library users and community stakeholders, the Library's Board of Trustees has identified seven community members to serve one-year appointments on board committees. Representing a cross-section of neighborhoods, these committee members will help the board better engage the community in the decision-making and work of the Library, provide an ongoing dialog with the community and increase diversity on the committees.
- Heather Benedict Terrell, Sewickley
Lawyer and Published Author
- Constance Horton, Penn Hills
Executive Director, Fund for Advancement of Minorities through Education (FAME)
- Andrew Lang, South Side
Architect, Development Manager at Oxford Development
- Diane Powell, Brookline
President, DBP Consulting Firm
- Sally Rifugiato, Squirrel Hill
Principal, Pittsburgh Beechwood School
- Janera Solomon, Highland Park
Executive Director, Kelly Strayhorn Theater
- Maureen Young, Oakland
Community Volunteer


text: LockItDown LockItDown app LockItDown 14 December 12 by Natalie Futter LockItDown Getting a big group of people together is never easy, and during the festive season it can be nigh-on impossible. LockItDown is a free app that makes organising easy -- whether it's an event with friends, family or colleagues, you can arrange everything from one central hub.By selecting multiple dates and venues, you can let your contacts decide when and where they want to meet. It uses your phone contacts so you need to ensure that anyone you want to see on the platform has your number and that you have theirs.LockItDown is compatible across iPhone and Android devices. To find out more visit www.facebook.com/lockitdownapp, or you can follow @lockitdownapp on Twitter. Edited by Ian Steadman Latest on wired.co.uk


text:
Caprese Panini
- Recipe serves: 1
- Prep Time 5 min
- Cook Time 4 min
- 2 thick slices fresh mozzarella cheese (about 2 oz.)
- 2 large fresh basil leaves
- 2 thick slices tomato
- 2 thick slices ciabatta bread or rustic Italian bread
- 1 Tbsp. I Can't Believe It's Not Butter!® All Purpose Sticks
- Layer cheese, basil and tomato on bread. Season, if desired, with salt and black pepper. Top with remaining bread. Spread outside of sandwich with I Can't Believe It's Not Butter!® All Purpose Sticks.
- Cook sandwich in large nonstick skillet over medium heat, turning once and pressing lightly, 4 minutes or until golden brown and cheese is melted.
TIP: Try cooking on the grill!


text:
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Lola A. Herndon, 93, of Hope passed away Thursday, April 4, 2013, at Miller's Merry Manor in Hope.
She was born in Hope July 1, 1919 to Chester B. and Edith Georgine Schaefer Reed. She was baptized on October 12, 1919, in the Moravian Church by Pastor W. H. Fluck and confirmed on Palm Sunday March 27, 1931, by Rev. F.G. Fulmer.
Lola played the violin in the Hope Moravian Church Orchestra and in the Hope School Orchestra. Lola was a member of the Hope Moravian Church where she was a Sunday school teacher and member of the Kola Class and church choir. She was active in the history of the Hope Moravian Cemetery and a member of the Eastern Star in Hope. She was a farmer and loved cooking and mowing grass on her farm east of Hope.
Lola married Harold F. Herndon on July 14, 1940, at the Lewis Creek Wesleyan Church where Harold's grandfather John Herndon had given the land for the church to be built. Harold died in March of 1978.
She was also preceded in death by her parents and two sisters, Ada Gene Reed, infant, and Reba Reed Titus Hitchock.
She is survived by children Charles Herndon (wife Deedie) of Frankfort, Rosemary Herndon Marquis (husband Noel) of Sedona, Arizona ,and Richard Herndon (wife Betsy) of Elwood; grandchildren, Jeff Herndon of Arizona, Tom Herndon of Noblesville, Ann Herndon Gosewehr of Frankfort, Lisa Herndon King of Lafayette, Michelle Scarpelli of Chicago, Nicole Barger of Franklin, and Carter Herndon of Elwood; and six great-grandchildren.
The funeral will be at Hope Moravian Church Sunday at 2:00 p.m. with Rev. Jeff Van Orden officiating. Viewing will be Saturday from 2 to 6 p.m. at Norman Funeral Home in Hope. Burial will be at Hope Moravian Cemetery.
Memorial contributions may be donated to Hope Moravian Cemetery Perpetual Care Fund. Online condolences may be sent to the Herndon family atwww.normanfuneralhome.
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*UPDATE* I became un-lazy tonight and changed out some of the snowflakes with longer lengths and extended the window bling to the other side of the window. Here's the final product, with more pictures in the sunshine coming tomorrow…since I have an aversion to leaving my house unless absolutely necessary when it's dark and freezing outside. Night ya'll!
Right this very second, I'm sitting in my room with the hubs and the kiddos (aka Baby Ricky and Lucy the wonder pup) eating saltines topped with cream cheese and homemade apple chutney. I started another DIY Christmas project tonight – a little sparkly snowflake number in the nursery window – and now I can't decide if I stick with my original plan to stay on just one side of the window or stop being a lazy butt, take the screen out of the second window and continue the sparkles over there.
Here's what it looks like from the inside
And here's what it looks like from the outside:
So while I ponder my options, let me show you exactly how easy it is to add a little bling to your windows…
You'll need some sparkly snowflakes. You could definitely make these at home – or you can do like I did and buy a pack of twenty for five bucks at Target. Cheap and easy: my kind of project!
You'll also need some pretty string – I found this gorgeous snowy-esque sparkly stuff from Tar-get Bou-tique for a whopping three bucks a roll.
Attach the base of the string to one of the snowflakes using a double knot. The string should still be attached to the spool, in case you were wondering!
Measure the string and snowflake on the window to decide how long you want your string to be. Cut and attach using a piece of tape. Seriously: that's it.
Rinse and repeat. Play with the lengths of string so that the snowflakes hang at different heights!
The more I'm looking at this, the more I think I'm going to need to take that screen out and continue my little project across to the other window – and maybe mix in some longer lengths of string. The look from the outside is totally different than it is inside. I'll post an update tomorrow!


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Photo courtesy of Sports Illustrated
CHAPEL HILL– The 3-3 Boston College Eagles present the next challenge for a Tar Heel team hungry to get back in the win column.
Coach Addazio says he thinks the bye week came at the right time for the Eagles.
***Listen to the interview***
"We had come off a tough road game and a physical stretch of playing some pretty good opponents. We felt like we needed a chance to gather ourselves a little bit," Coach Addazio says.
Boston College stayed competitive with both Florida State and Clemson earlier in the season; two of the top teams in the ACC. Coach Addazio says his team is learning how to play tough and physical through four quarters.
"We're learning how to be a physical, tough team that plays with a lot of energy and a lot of passion. And that's the footprint that we want here. I think that to this point we've been a scrappy hard-playing football team," Coach Addazio says.
And with the ACC's leading rusher, Andre Williams, in their backfield, the Eagles will be confident in their chances Saturday.
"He's got a good offensive line in front of him. He's a big, fast, physical guy. He's 230 pound guy who runs a 4.5. He's got speed and power, and he's got a good front in front of him. So those combinations usually work pretty well," Coach Addazio says.http://chapelboro.com/sports/acc/coach-addazio-bye-week-came-at-right-time-for-golden-eagles
CHAPEL HILL– We are now just two days away from game day in Chapel Hill. And the Tar Heels are continuing their preparations for Boston College on Saturday.
Hoping to build off the solid performance in the Miami game for over three quarters, Offensive coordinator Blake Anderson says one of the biggest areas of improvement must come in the red zone.
"We got to be able to run the ball in the end zone. If people play coverage, we got to be able to run the ball in the end zone. We didn't get that done. It's obviously an issue. As far as points, we've got points more down there than we did this time last year. But we're not scoring enough touchdowns," Coach Anderson says.
Coach Anderson says running back T.J. Logan has unbelievable talent and explosion. And for that, he says Logan remains atop the Tar Heel depth chart.
"He did a great job stepping up in protection. He made some guys miss along the way. He shows a little bit of a burst that we weren't having. […] At this point in time based off what we've seen at this point, he gives us the best chance to win," Coach Anderson says.
Running back by committee is not what Coach Anderson envisions for his offense, but for now, he says they will primarily utilize the dual-threat attack of A.J. Blue and the aforementioned Logan.
"We're trying to get the guy on the field that gives us the best chance to win. And right now, we feel like we kind of got a one-two punch with T.J. and Blue," Coach Anderson says.
Coach Anderson says he expects the physical Boston College team will roll into Chapel Hill on Saturday fully expecting to take down the 1-5 Tar Heels, so the team better be firing on all cylinders in Kenan Stadium.
"They've got size, and they got several guys that stand out in terms of their motor. They play extremely hard. I would think they come in here chomping at the bit, expecting with our record, hey, this is one that we can win," Coach Anderson says.
Starting tailback T.J. Logan says his immediate ascension to the starting role following his injury means a lot, because he knows the coaching staff has complete confidence in his abilities.
"It means that I feel like the coaching staff has confidence in me. I just can't take that for granted. I've got to go out every day and try to work and grind and just help our team win games," Logan says.


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Editor's Note: Where can a Keuka degree take you? This is the fifth in a series of snapshot profiles on members of Keuka's Class of 2013.
John Miller '12 of Canandaigua, graduated magna cum laude in December with a degree in organizational communication. He spent most of his final semester as a senior searching for jobs and came close in some interviews before receiving two job offers in January of 2013. He accepted a position as marketing coordinator for O'Connell Electric Company in Victor and has since been applying many of the lessons he learned in his organizational communication classes.
Miller said he was able to leverage the experience and successes gained with his Field Period internships to demonstrate how he would be a good fit for the company, adding that the rigor of Keuka's organizational communication program was good preparation. So were the numerous projects and group work he completed with fellow "Org Comm" classmates, he said.
Among several benefits Miller valued most at Keuka were the small class sizes, which enabled strong relationships, he said. In particular, Miller cited Dr. Anita Chirco, professor of communication, who "saw the potential in me from Day One and motivated me to apply myself."
"I have much more perspective now on everything related to how we communicate," Miller said.
To explore what might be in your future with a Keuka degree, request more information.
Like many artists, Kurt Bownell has to balance the commercial with the personal.
The Victor resident is a commercial photographer with a Rochester studio and a client list that includes such corporations as Wegmans, Constellation Brands, Democrat and Chronicle, Unity Health and several universities. The clients commission Brownell for everything from beauty shots of growers, produce and culinary arts to corporate executives in their workplace environments.
His day job keeps him so busy that his personal photographic love – outdoor landscapes – often happens on the fly, such as when he snapped shots of the rolling hills of Cohocton on a pit stop as his family returned from a vacation.
Perhaps that's why Brownell's new exhibit at Keuka College, "Up Close and Far Away-Landscapes," is such a treat for him. The exhibit runs through Jan. 4, with an artist reception Thursday, Nov. 29 from 4:30 – 6 p.m. at Lightner Gallery inside Lightner Library. The exhibit is open to the public; library hours vary and can be found online at: http://lightner.keuka.edu.
"This is what I like to do when I'm not being told what to photograph," he said. "This is what I gravitate toward naturally. I can go without any agenda and shoot what I feel, what I like, what I find."
Many of his images, which he refers to as "interpretive landscapes," are "stitched" composites of 10-20 different shots, melded together to create one final, full panorama for the viewer.
The faces and forms of the people in his paintings look as though the individuals brushed into living color could step right off the canvas and into conversation.
They look, in a word, real. And that's exactly how artist Lennie Muscarella of Victor wants it to be.
"If you were right next to it, it looks like a hodgepodge, but step back 10 feet and you've got a photograph," he said, explaining that a number of contemporary painters in the same Realist style he aspires to are currently striving to master that technique.
Muscarella had lots of time to become intimately acquainted with the human face and figure. After studying biology at St. Bonaventure University, and a brief stint in the U.S. Navy, he entered dental school at the State University of New York at Buffalo.
Though he had given up art school to pursue a "day job" that could support a family, Muscarella found himself rewarded, he said, because dental school turned out to be "a very sophisticated art school."
"They taught you how to paint porcelain and you have to know your colors inside out to match anteriors [teeth], and they hone your sculpting skills down to a tenth of a millimeter and bless them, they give you the privilege—not the right, but the privilege—to dissect the human body twice," he said. "As a figure painter, you can't get any better than that."
While he may be "Dr. Muscarella" by day, in his free time he is simply "lennie" the artist, and yes, he spells it lowercase, because painting such a long name with a brush involves more work. "It's much easier, if [I] use the one name," he said.
In Muscarella's mind, dental school was also a saving grace because had he instead entered art school in 1977, he would have confronted what he considers "a horrible year, the post-modern movement, [which] we've suffered from the last 40 years. They threw away all the technique and all the skill level is gone.
"I'm so sick and tired of people signing toasters or toilets and calling it art. It's the king and his clothes, and people have got to be told the king is naked," he said. "America's got a wonderful crop of world-class figure painters on the East Coast right now making a comeback—they've held the fort up quite well."
Muscarella will also show some of his drawings and sculptures at the Keuka exhibit, which continues through April 13. While he enjoys both sculpting and oil painting, casting sculptures is more expensive, so he tends to lean toward toward painting, he said.
"Painting is like playing the violin and sculpture is like playing the drums — it's more physical. There's a hammer involved, welders, tables with clamps on them. It's very satisfying in its own way. I like both. But [sculpture's] a lot messier."
Muscarella will meet the public Thursday, March 22 during an artist's reception, 4:15 – 6 p.m. in Keuka College's Lightner Gallery, where light refreshments will be served. Prior to the reception, Muscarella will give a demonstration of his oil painting technique, known as the old master's method, to Keuka drawing and painting students taught by Melissa Newcomb, assistant professor of art. And while it would be impossible to finish a work that typically takes 60 to 90 hours in an hour-and-a-half, Muscarella plans on giving them a significant taste in the science of it.
To that end, he will dissect one of his portraits in progress, creating a four-part cross-section on linen canvas where one quarter of the portrait is simply his drawing, and the next is coated with a sepia-tone wash of diluted oil paints. The final two quarters are in stages he calls "underpainting" and "almost done." During the demonstration, Muscarella will take each cross-section to the next stage of completion. The canvas-in-progress will be put on display during the reception.
"It's the process of making art, the doing that's important," Muscarella said. "Once one [work] is done, it's time to move on to the next, like a rainbow in the next field. You never quite get there, and you're always chasing it."


text: Shoko is an Asian model who enjoys working in the lingerie shop in the mall. They also have an adult toy store she works for and makes tapes for the web store they also run. She enjoys her job and the variety of things she gets to do. She is a highly paid model and enjoys the high life she gets with the job. Lots of dates, sex and hot guys all the time when she goes out on the town. She is already planning a retirement in 10 years so she can just travel and play around.


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"The movies that are being made feel different. There are a lot of really, really, really big movies about robots and things - and there's not a part for a 34-year-old woman in a robot movie. I've never done the superhero movie. That doesn't interest me too much."
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You will HAVE to replace in 2 years By FlyinBryan on 4/26/2016FlyinBryan would recommend this product to a friendMy recommend to buy is very tepid. You will only get about 2 years max out of one of these units. I really want to like it, but, the eye stops functioning after 2 years. All the cleaning of the eye will NOT make a difference. I have 1 hour to get to bed and get up in the morning for an early flight and I'm in travel he!! week, 6 flights. I can NO longer rely on this essential piece of equipment to maintain my tank. I will probably loose several SPS as a result of my jacked up tank all because this ATO failed --- AGAIN. This is the 3rd one I've bought that does this, it is NOT an isolated one off case at all. Poor quality in the long run. I will never buy again.
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Works but its very sensitive to the water level. By David on 3/3/2016David would recommend this product to a friendI watched the BRS youtube videos and listened to Ryan talk about how he prefers this ATO to the others on the market. I bought into the hype and bought it. I am running a neptue apex on my system and I realized after I bought this ATO, that with the Salinity probe I'm running i could have built a DIY version that would have done a better job of keeping the salinity at a set value. The osmolater is great for filling from the tank with Rodi water. But my Salinity shifts from a high 36 to a low 35 ppt rather frequently. Its best used on a system that isn't running a controler like an apex or reefkeeper. With a controler you can buld a much more consistent ATO from DIY parts.
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The Mercedes of ATOs By jsbull on 1/2/2016jsbull would recommend this product to a friendThis thing is awesome. Redundant shutoffs, quiet operation, peace of mind. I highly recommend it.


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|Back to Calendar April 25, 2014 @ 7:30 pm - 9:00 pm
|Daily for 2 occurrences
|WSCC Judge William H. Inman Humanities Complex
|✔ Add to Calendar Add to Google Calendar
|(423) 585-6922
|concert Sensations Walters State
The Walters State Sensations will perform their annual pops concert April 25-26 at 7:30 p.m. in the theatre of the Judge William H. Inman Humanities Complex on the Morristown campus. This year's show is "Teach the World to Sing." Tickets are $10 for adults and $5 for students. Make reservations by calling the Division of Humanities at (423) 585-6922 between 8 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday or e-mailing firstname.lastname@example.com. The box office opens an hour before showtime.


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CHAPTER PAGE I Metamorphosis of Insects
Anatomy of Insects
Classification of Insects
35 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
abdomen abdominal segment absent adults anal antennae aphids apical apterous aquatic Australia basal bees beetles body bristles brown bugs butterflies caterpillars cells cerci chitinized claws cocoons color compound eyes cosmopolitan coxae cross veins cylindrical developed dorsal eggs elongated elytra Europe feed females figs five-segmented flattened flies fore wings forms four-segmented genus glands Greek hairs hairy head hind wings Holarctic host important genera Insects of Western labial palpi labrum larvae Latr Latreille Leach legs Linn living males mandibles margin maxillary palpi medium-sized mesothorax metathorax moths mouth nests normally North America occur ocelli ovipositor parasitic pest plants posterior predacious present proboscis prolegs pronotum prothorax pupae Pupation rarely scales sclerites setae short slender smooth spines spiracles sternites Suborder Superfamily termites thorax three-segmented thrips tibiae Tillyard trees tropical two-segmented usually variable venation ventral vestigial wasps Western North America widely distributed wing expanse yellow