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As part of the preparations leading up to the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2), a Preparatory Technical Meeting is to be held at FAO Headquarters from 13 to 15 November 2013. More information is available at: www.fao.org/ICN2.
To feed into and inform this meeting, a series of online discussions are being held on selected thematic areas. This ICN2 online discussion "Nutrition-enhancing agriculture and food systems" builds on earlier FSN Forum debates "Linking Agriculture, Food Systems, and Nutrition: What's your perspective?" and "Making agriculture work for nutrition: Prioritizing country-level action, research and support". It invites you to share evidence and exchange views on how to improve policies, programmes and interventions for making agriculture and food systems more responsive to nutrition. Policy and programme options as well as institutional arrangements for improving diets and raising levels of nutrition, particularly of the poorest and most nutritionally vulnerable, as well as ways to improve monitoring and evaluation of their impact and cost-effectiveness will be sought.
Improving nutrition must begin with food and agriculture. This is because the poor and most nutritionally vulnerable depend in large part upon agriculture for their livelihoods. Notwithstanding the importance of the role of agriculture in producing food and generating income, employment and livelihoods, it is the food system as a whole i.e. the post-production sector beyond agriculture including processing, storage, trade, marketing and consumption that nowadays contributes significantly more to the eradication of malnutrition.
"Nutrition-enhancing" are approaches that address the underlying determinants or basic causes of malnutrition. Nutrition-enhancing agriculture and food systems are those that effectively and explicitly incorporate nutrition objectives, concerns and considerations, improve diets and raise levels of food and nutrition security. Actions may include making more nutritious food more accessible to everyone or to specific targeted groups, supporting smallholders and boosting women's incomes, ensuring clean water and sanitation, education and employment, health care, support for resilience and empowering women in a deliberate attempt to explicitly improve diets and raise levels of nutrition.
Food-based approaches recognize the central role of food, agriculture and diets in improving nutrition. Agriculture and food-based strategies focus on food as the primary tool for improving the quality of the diet and for addressing and preventing malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies. The approach stresses the multiple benefits derived from enjoying a variety of foods, recognising the nutritional value of food for good nutrition, and the importance and social significance of the agricultural and food sector for supporting rural livelihoods. The multiple social, economic and health benefits associated with successful food-based approaches that lead to year-round availability, access to and consumption of nutritionally adequate amounts and varieties of foods are clear. The nutritional well-being and health of individuals is promoted, incomes and livelihoods supported, and community and national wealth created and protected.
The causal pathway from the food system to nutritional outcomes may be direct - as influenced by the availability and accessibility of diverse, nutritious foods and thus the ability of consumers to choose healthy diets, as well as indirect – mediated through incomes, prices, knowledge and other factors. Interventions that consider and affect food systems as a whole can potentially achieve more widespread nutritional outcomes than single uncoordinated actions.
We invite you to comment on the background papers and materials for the ICN2 made available for this discussion. In addition your comments on the expert papers that have been prepared in response to FAO's Call for Experts that are available at this link as well as your responses to the following questions would be welcome:
While we encourage you to provide comments on any or all of the above at any stage of the discussion, we propose focus is given in the first week to discussing the first set of questions.
The outcome of this online discussion will be used to enrich the discussions at the preparatory technical meeting on 13-15 November 2013 and thereby feed into and inform the main high level ICN2 event in 2014.
We thank you in advance for your time and for sharing your knowledge and experiences with us.
We look forward to your contributions.
The facilitators:
Jody Harris, Senior Research Analyst, Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, IFPRI.
Leslie Amoroso, Programme Officer and member of the ICN2 Secretariat, FAO, Rome, Italy
find out more about the facilitators here
Dear Sir/Madam,
I have been associated with this forum since 2010. It is my first contribution to forum. I am a agri-development professional and two years back I completed my second master from ISS, the hague, the Netherlands. My contribution is based on my field experience in hot desert area, it is regarding enhancing nutrition for vulnerable community who live in harsh , horrible context in rural hot desert areas that lies in western Rajasthan of India. Lives and livelihood of these people are uncongenial since average rainfall of this region is approximately 150 MM while average rainfall of India is 1200 MM. The ground water is almost not suitable drinking for human being as well as livestock as the water is highly saline. Likewise, temperature is an extermly hot because there is no vegetation cover area in the rural and effect of climate changes.
The source of perusing livelihood for disadvantaged people is to grow millet and Moth (pulse crop) in rainy season and rearing livestock particularly Goat. In arid climatic zone where Goat and millet in crop has recommended by various research institution. Subsequently, most of women and children are anemic due to lack of availability of nutritious food to the community. To provide nutritious food to women, children as well as men , there is an urgent need to develop a robust policy at national level and local level. Through this mail, I would suggest key course of action to mitigate malnutrition status in hot desert are as below:
1. Millet is main agriculture crop for the area. hence, central government and local government must plan to do more research on developing desert resistant varieties. Secondly , the research institute should develop nutritive varieties for existing main crops so that available food diet would be nutritious.
2. National policy maker should keep in mind that there is to get drinking water is a great concern for the community. In order to get irrigation water, domestic use of water There is a key solution that is construction of Tanka which must have capacity of 60000 liter water. The water should only collected in natural rainy days at individual household level. Furthermore, BAIF ( is a national NGO) has attempted and tested the model. BAIF's model is the WADI model, is successful model in desert area. WADI model comprises water tank (60,000 liter capacity), 100 fruit plants at their own infertile or fertile land, improved goat breed and kitchen garden vegetable crops. This model demonstrated that WADI model owner enable to get Rs. 40,000 per annum after 2-3 years of establishment of WADI. Fresh fruit, vegetable and milk of goat availability leads to reduce malnutrition in hot desert rural region.
For more deatil of WADI model, you may click over - www.baif.org.
I am looking for your acceptance and comments.
best regards
Contribution by Ellen A. Muehlhoff and Ramani Wijesinha-Bettoni
Dear Moderators,
We would like to comment on the core paper "Challenges and issues in nutrition education" by Judiann McNulty (http://www.fao.org/docrep/017/i3234e/i3234e.pdf). These comments are also relevant to the question Partnerships: How can we work across sectors and build strong linkages between food and agriculture, social protection, employment, health, education and other key sectors?, and to the expert paper Case Study of Participatory Agriculture and Nutrition Program in Malawi by Rachel Bezner Kerr et al. (http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/agn/pdf/FAO-expert-meeting-submission-Bezner-Kerr-et-al-ver4-2_FAO_comments_doc.pdf). The latter demonstrates the essential contribution of nutrition education to an agriculture-nutrition project in Malawi, which has successfully improved under-five nutritional status growth and household food security through the use of farmer-led participatory research, a transformational education approach, agroecological interventions and attention to gender inequality and other social inequalities at the household and community level.
Comment 1: re. The need for nutrition education (Chapter 2 of McNulty paper)
The increasing recognition that nutrition education is essential for enhancing agriculture's impact on nutrition is highlighted in this chapter, which summarizes the conclusions of recent review studies that examine the effectiveness of nutrition-enhancing food and nutrition security actions. Many such reviews conclude that nutrition education is an essential component for success. Two of the reviews mentioned in this chapter are the Sixth Report on the World Nutrition Situation (UNSCN, 2010), which concluded that "for all populations, [nutrition] education and social marketing are crucial components of national, municipal and community efforts for sustained improvements in food and nutrition security. These activities are often essential to realizing the potential for nutrition improvement of many agricultural development projects and programmes. They are also important in countries where obesity and NCDs are increasing." The 2011 IFPRI-sponsored conference "Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition", Ecker et al. (2012) conclude that "addressing the causes of micronutrient malnutrition inevitably requires programs that support dietary diversification by providing education on nutritious, balanced diets. Without this understanding, the nutritional impact of programs that increase people's economic access to improved nutrition will be strictly limited."
A few other studies that are not explicitly mentioned in the Chapter (perhaps due to lack of space) and could have been worth citing are the following:
To the above, we would add that the need for nutrition education has also been strongly reinforced by the concept of the Right to Food. Parties to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights are under an obligation to provide information and education on good diet, food safety, food-borne diseases, food labelling and processing, production and preparation; while in the school curriculum integrating agriculture, food safety, environment, nutrition and health education builds citizens' capacity to achieve and maintain their own food security. Hence nutrition education is an essential vehicle for establishing food rights (Refs 5 and 6 below).
Comment 2: re. Professional capacity [in nutrition education] (Chapter 6 of McNulty paper)
The main issues facing capacity development in nutrition education are given are:
• Do governments have the interest, commitment and resources to support professional development in nutrition education?
• Will there be sufficient employment opportunities, particularly in the public sector, to attract people into a career as nutrition educators?
• Where will academic institutions and other programs find expertise in-country to teach nutrition education or develop training materials for in-service training?
Re. the 3rd issue, we would like to mention that the FAO ENACT project, funded by the German Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, (the ENACT project is referred to earlier in the chapter) will be helping to fill this gap, at least in six African countries for the time being. Tutors (who are nutrition lecturers/professors at university, a few of whom are already nutrition educators), will receive on-the-job training during the piloting. They have already received training on using the materials and methodology at a pre-piloting workshop held in Uganda in April this year, while piloting students who successfully complete the course will themselves be able to carry out nutrition education. A minimum of 60 students will be trained in the piloting phase alone. Training materials for in-service training is also included in the ENACT project, where a training-of-trainers course named the EAT course, which covers the processes of formative enquiry (E), Adaptation (A) and tutor training (T), is being developed. The challenge remains to find a suitable regional partner for hosting the EAT course, in order to ensure its sustainability.
Some news for the forum: Piloting of the ENACT module is nearing completion in Makerere University Uganda, the first of the partners to pilot the material. The feedback received from students thus far via the Facebook page they have set up has been very positive and enthusiastic.. For example, one of the students posted: "The ENACT units are very interesting, I have actually realized the need for intensive nutrition education, the cultural practices. Gender factors, ignorance…etc. are actually in existence, we've done the outside activities and this is REAL. Nutrition education is a very important strategy to address most of these issues." We would encourage all those interested in nutrition education to visit their Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/NutritionEducationStudentsAfricaNesa) and make a posting!
Best regards,
Ellen Muehlhoff (Senior Officer/Group Leader
Nutrition Education and Consumer Awareness Group
Nutrition Division, FAO
Ramani Wijesinha-Bettoni (Consultant, FAO), on behalf of the FAO ENACT Team
Dear all,
The moderators ask: What policies can make agriculture and food systems more nutrition-enhancing?
In response, I would like to pose another, more nuanced question: What incentives can be created for formulating such policies in the first place, not to mention then moving them forward from rhetoric to reality?
Despite the recent explosion in research and writing regarding nutrition sensitive agriculture, this issue remains largely undiscussed. Lawrence Haddad sums up the situation in a pithy blog post written late last year titled: What do we want? Nutrition sensitive agriculture! How do we incentivize it? No clue.
Haddad comments: "It is important to know what to tell policymakers when they ask "what can I do?" But I would argue it is more important to (1) know how to get more of them asking the question in the first place and then (2) understand the incentives and barriers to getting any subsequent policies implemented across sectors."
Recent work on enabling environments may help shed light on the 1st question (e.g. the 2013 Lancet Nutrition Series, articles 4). Moreover as global momentum for nutrition sensitive agriculture increases, opportunities for taking action at country level are growing. CAADP's Nutrition Capacity Development Initiative, facilitated by FAO and hosted by NEPAD and the AU Commission, provides a current example.
Question 2 may prove even tougher to answer than question 1. Unlike nutrition, the incentives that drive food and agriculture systems are primarily profit-oriented. As such, nutrition sensitive agriculture initiatives will succeed best when their outcomes are framed as compatible with market signals reflecting the behavior of producers, wholesalers and other members of the agricultural value chain. To do this, advocates for nutrition enhancing agriculture must work harder on preaching outside the choir regarding win-wins which provide economically compatible nutrition sensitive incentives to stakeholders in agriculture. By definition, these "win wins" are already considered important inputs for nutrition sensitive agriculture and hold value for the sector more generally. For example:
Each of these examples demonstrates how the addition of nutrition sensitivity as a policy goal need not reduce economic efficiency. However, it is also important for advocates to admit that in some cases win-wins are not possible. In these situations one approach is to argue that while trade-offs may come at the expense of lower economic growth, they are likely to be highly compatible with pro-poor development goals such as empowerment, gender equality and social welfare. These human development goals are now cited routinely in much of the discourse on economic growth as well as included in national development, agricultural, and rural development plans. As such, if advocates play their cards right, a political incentive can be created in situations where an economic one cannot.
This contribution draws on "Overview of Nutrition Sensitive Food Systems: Policy Options and Knowledge Gaps". The latter was prepared by the author of this post, based on material provided by Per Pinstrup-Andersen for this online forum and the ICN2 Technical Preparatory Meeting on nutrition enhancing agriculture to be held in November 2013.
Nutrition–enhancing agriculture and food systems
Contribution to FAO on-line discussion forum from
World Sugar Research Organisation
WSRO is a not-for-profit scientific research and information organization transparently funded by the sugar industry. WSRO is committed to upholding the fundamental principles of science and to relying solely on objective science in its programmes.
The nature of sound science is to promote or challenge hypotheses with evidence. An unsatisfactory hypothesis is one that does not reflect the evidence, and thus should be questioned, and ultimately discarded, as unhelpful and misleading. As a scientific organization, WSRO is rightly involved with the testing of hypotheses, whatever their origin.
For more information: www.wsro.org
The following comments are offered as a contribution to the discussions and do not necessarily represent the position of WSRO or its members.
The current discussion on the links between agriculture and nutrition has produced a number of different themes and emphases.
It is difficult to address undernutrition, malnutrition and overnutrition when they occur in isolation, let alone in combination. This is especially true, since the causes of obesity and malnutrition are widely acknowledged to be multifactorial in nature. A reduction in the intake of sugars and nutritively-sweetened beverages has been frequently referred to in attempts to address obesity (see a number of the background papers to this discussion). However, one of the expert papers in this discussion (Nicklas and O'Neil) seriously questions the evidence behind policies which specifically target one food, food group or nutrient. The FAO approach to nutrition sensitive development promotes 'interventions that promote dietary diversity', 'enjoying a variety of foods' and for 'people to consider their total diet' (see background paper by Thompson and Amoroso) - an approach which has been endorsed elsewhere (Nicklas and O'Neil, 2013; Freeland-Graves and Nitze, 2013). A moderate intake of sugar, within the context of a balanced and varied diet, with adequate physical activity, is in keeping with such an approach, encouraging consumption of certain foods (e.g. cereals, sharp tasting fruits etc.), improving diet diversity and helping to meet micronutrient requirements. Sugar also functions in providing texture, colour, flavour and acts as a natural preservative and substrate for fermentation.
In the light of this discussion, it is also worth mentioning the contributions that sugar can make to addressing food security and nutritional adequacy which are frequently overlooked. In this context, sugar production, and beet and cane cultivation, is vital to economic growth in many countries, contributing on a large scale to rural development, industrial and agricultural employment, and support of the rural population. Sugar may also play a role in attempting to ensure adequate energy and can act as a vehicle for micronutrients which may be subject to deficiency in developing countries.
1. The agriculture and often the whole economy of many developing countries may depend on one or a few commodities destined principally for export, including sugar. In 2011, raw sugar was produced in approximately 120 countries. Many of these countries are in the developing world, where sugar production remains a key contributor to growth of the rural economy.
Sources: http://www.fao.org/docrep/018/i3107e/i3107e03.pdf); ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/004/y3557e/y3557e.pdf
The case of India
· Around 5 million hectares of land are under sugarcane cultivation in India.
· Sugarcane is grown by 6 million cane farmers. These farmers, their familial dependents, and labourers (~half a million skilled and unskilled workers) are dependent directly and indirectly on this agricultural crop.
· Prevalence of underweight children in India is among the highest in the world, with dire consequences for mobility, mortality, productivity and economic growth. 25% of the world's undernourished population are located in India.
· Sugar is valued as an inexpensive source of energy and has been distributed to the low income families at a subsidized price through the public distribution system.
· Almost half of the sugar mills in India (~230) are cooperatives, many providing additional infrastructure to the industry such as education and healthcare.
2. Sugar can help to combat micronutrient deficiency and is an essential ingredient in oral rehydration solutions (ORS). Post-harvest fortification of foods has been successfully employed in addressing micronutrient deficiency, but requires a relatively developed food processing industry for successful implementation. Sugar has been successfully fortified with vitamin A and iron, and has been cited in FAO documents as an alternative vehicle for iodization. Currently, sugar plays a significant role in fortification in Central and Latin American countries as well as in Africa. In the developed world, many sugar-containing foods are important sources of micronutrients (e.g. fortified cereals and dairy products). In addition, the use of sugars and glucose together with salt, are used in oral rehydration solutions to prevent dehydration and in the treatment of acute diarrhoea.
Sources: http://www.fao.org/docrep/w2840e/w2840e03.htm; http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/fch_cah_06_1/en/
The case of Zambia
· Sugar for domestic consumption in Zambian has been mandatorily fortified with vitamin A since 1998. At least 50% of the Zambian population has regular access to fortified sugar (NFNC, 2007, 2008).
Source: http://www.nfnc.org.zm/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=110:sugar-fortification-&catid=57:micronutrient-control-programmes&Itemid=95
3. Sugarcane and sugarbeet crops are sustainable agricultural crops. There is general agreement that food production systems need to become more sustainable, in order to improve food security in the long term and alleviate pressures on production arising from population and income growth. However, there is little agreement on how this should be achieved (FAO Conference 2013; Tilman et al. 2002), in particular, how to incorporate nutritional objectives within a broader framework of sustainability and biodiversity (Lang 2010).
In this context, sugarcane has an extraordinary capacity for growth; its cultivation can be undertaken with the minimum consumption of chemical products and therefore be highly compatible with the environment and soil conservation. Sugar beet is an important break crop which increases biodiversity and provides direct benefits to agricultural land. Growing beet and adding co-products from beet processing lead to improved soil conservation, enhanced fertility and reduced soil compaction. Process energy optimisation and agricultural yield increases have provided additional benefits in reducing greenhouse emissions and increasing land efficiency.
While short term approaches are needed in order to reduce the number of people currently suffering dietary shortages of macronutrients or micronutrients, some long term sustainable solutions should also be initiated to meet the greater need for staple foods anticipated in the future. Causes of both under and over nutrition are multifactorial and may be best addressed with an understanding of the local issues. A 'one-size fits all' solution may help in addressing some issues, but not others
Additional references not supplied within the text
FAO (2013) The state of food and agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization Rome.
FAO Conference paper C 2013/2 Add.1 (2013). Food and Agriculture Organization Rome.
Freeland-Graves JH, Nitzke S (2012) Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: total diet approach to healthy eating. J Acad Nutr Diet 113:307-317
Lang T (2010) in "Sustainable diets and biodiversity: directions and solutions for policy, research and action". Proceedings of an international symposium "Biodiveristy and sustainable diets united against hunger" 3–5 November 2010
Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
Nicklas TA, O'Neil CE (2013) Prevalence of Obesity: A public health problem poorly understood. Expert paper produced for the ICN2. (http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/agn/pdf/PrevalenceofObesity_FIN...)
Tilman D, Kassman KG, Matson PA et al. (2002) Agriculture sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature 418:671-677.
Thompson B, Amoroso L (2011) FAO's Approach to Nutrition-Sensitive Agricultural Development. (http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/agn/pdf/FAO_Approach_to_Nutriti...)
Dear all,
I would like to contribute to this interesting discussion referring the article "Health for acre: meeting the nutrition challenge through organic farming" , written by Dr. Vaibhav Singh and published by the Bija magazine (pag. 6) http://www.navdanya.org/attachments/bija58_27-5-2011[1].pdf
The article states that since providing nutrition and nourishment are the main aims of agriculture, nutrition per acre is a more accurate measure of productivity than yield of a commodity in a monoculture.
Dr. Singh worked with the data of the 12 studies in India to assess the nutritive value per acre of farmland. These studies show that organic mixed cropping produces more nutrition per acre farmland than conventional monocropping, and that the overall profitability in mixed cropping is higher than in mono-cropping.
According with research organic mixed cropping, on an average, produce more proteins (providing all the essential amino acids) , as well as, vitamins, minerals and micronutrients than those produced by conventional mono cropping.
Cristina Grandi
IFOAM Food Security Campaigner
Feedback by Jody Harris and Leslie Amoroso, facilitators
Dear all,
Many thanks indeed for all of your contributions so far. In this post, we hope to summarize some common themes and key ideas that have emerged from the discussion up to now, and also to focus the dialogue around the core background and expert papers, which represent some of the most current thinking in our topic area. We would like to remind you that the outcome of this online discussion will be used to enrich the discussions at the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2) Preparatory Technical Meeting on 13-15 November 2013 and thereby feed into and inform the main high-level ICN2 event in 2014.
Emerging themes
Within our core interest areas of policies, programmes and partnerships, contributions have focused on solutions encompassing the behavioral (such as the role of marketing and demand creation); the technical (such as fertilizer or fortification initiatives, and food safety); and the institutional (such as centralized procurements, harmonization between ministries, or development of capacity). We have already commented on the diversity of views and perspectives from different fields, reflecting the variety of options for nutrition-enhancing agriculture and food systems. This diversity is both the opportunity and the challenge of the agriculture-food systems-nutrition field; there is so much that can be done, but so much that needs to be done!
Key ideas
There have been several recurring ideas running through the contributions so far. A key idea is certainly diversification- of the diet, of agricultural production, and within ecosystems supporting agriculture- and this is echoed in much of the background and expert literature for this online discussion. Sustainability, and the scale of agriculture, has been mentioned in various posts; some see smallholder agriculture as the only way to ensure food and nutrition security in an environment of volatile markets, while others commented on the role of market links in making programmes scalable and sustainable. A key idea that has come out of contributions so far is that of the continuum of nutrition from under- to over-nutrition, as well as micronutrient deficiencies, and the importance of considering the consequences at both ends of this continuum of the rapid changes happening in our food systems. Finally, the important question of whether the impact of nutrition-enhancing agriculture and food systems interventions should be measured using anthropometry indicators or other relevant intermediate outcomes along the impact pathway, such as diets, was raised.
Next steps
The themes and ideas above are important and are reflected in the background and expert literature for this online discussion; they remain some of the most important issues within the field of nutrition-enhancing agriculture and food systems, and we would welcome your views on the contributions. Again, we encourage you to read one or more of the core background and expert materials (those which reflect your own interests), and consider these when responding to the three sets of questions on policy, programmes and partnerships.
Many thanks indeed for sharing your thoughts and views,
Jody and Leslie
There has been a lot of discussion on-line and in workshops over the past few years about appropriate metrics for measuring the impact of nutrition-enhancing agriculture on nutrition. Two recent systematic reviews have concluded that the evidence is not yet available to say that agricultural interventions reduce child malnutrition, and that better methodology is needed, including the use of randomized controlled trials ( Ruel MT, Alderman H and the Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Group. Nutrition-sensitive interventions and programmes: how can they help to accelerate progress in improving maternal and child nutrition? Lancet 2013. published online June 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60843-0.)
In my opinion, if we continue to expect individual agricultural projects of often limited coverage and short life spans to evaluate their impact on reducing child malnutrition, we will never understand the true contribution of agriculture towards improving nutrition overall, and will still be searching for convincing evidence that these approaches are better than the "magic bullet" medical approaches to malnutrition.
I would like to suggest that we are looking at the wrong set of impact indicators. By focusing on reduction in child malnutrition through the use of anthropometric measurement, we are setting ourselves up for failure. As stated by Per Pinstrup-Anderson in his comment published in the recent Lancet Series, pathways through which food systems can affect nutrition are well known (Per Pinstrup-Anderson. Nutrition-sensitive food systems: from rhetoric to action. Lancet 2013. published online June 6. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61053-3). While these pathways, such as homestead production, livelihood enhancement, women's empowerment, improved market access of healthy foods, infrastructure, etc., can have a considerable impact on nutrition, it is not appropriate to hold agriculture-nutrition interventions accountable for reducing stunting or other multi-causal nutrition outcomes. A better way may be to measure the contribution that different interventions make at different points along the food system on improving diets and reducing nutritional problems. This is done through the selection of appropriate outcome indicators that are relevant to the projects being evaluated and then putting the evidence together in a way that focuses on the larger picture – improvement of nutrition of the population.
There is a vast literature on large scale effectiveness evaluations in the health field that could serve as a model for understanding how and how much nutrition-enhancing agriculture achieves towards improving nutrition. (Bryce J, Victora CG; Ten methodological lessons from the multi-country evaluation of integrated Management of Childhood Illness. Health Policy Plan. 2005 Dec;20 Suppl 1:i94-i105. Victora CG, Black RE, Boerma JT, Bryce J. Measuring impact in the Millennium Development Goal era and beyond: a new approach to large-scale effectiveness evaluations. Lancet 2011; 377: 85-95.)
Dear all,
thank you for your invitation to take part in the discussion. Please, have in mind that aquaculture is one of the most important food production systems in our times.
While the global demand of fish increases, the fish supply from fisheries stagnates. Since the 1970s global aquaculture production is growing and today it is a fundamental part of the supply of fish to the world´s population. However, an increase of the aquaculture production is often accompanied by environmental problems based on current production methods: sedimentation, change in bio-geochemistry, pathogen transmission, inter-breeding with wild organisms, introduction of alien species, and indirect ecosystem pressures such as high energy costs are critical points of current aquaculture production methods. The intensification of aquaculture in recent decades has led to increased interference in ecosystems and a greater need for resources such as energy and food. So today aquaculture faces great challenges to meet the global demand for aquatic products in the future while minimizing the environmental impact. One possibility to overcome these challenges can be seen in an ecological modernization of the aquaculture sector. In consequence, it's important to develop concepts for an environmentally, economically and social sustainable aquaculture development.
Kind regards
Gesine Behrens
Thünen-Institut für Seefischerei - AG Fischereiökonomie
Palmaille 9
22767 Hamburg (Germany)
The Centre for Development Innovation Wageningen UR is pleased to announce the organisation of the International Course on Agriculture Nutrition Linkages, to be held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 18 - 29 November 2013. This urgent topic should definitely be addressed to battle malnutrition. We hope you will share the announcement below with your members on your website. In case of any questions, do not hesitate to contact me.
Kind regards,
Fannie de Boer MPH; MHE
Sr. Nutritionist/Course Director Training programme Food and Nutrition Security
Centre for Development Innovation, Wageningen UR
New International Course on Agriculture Nutrition Linkages
The Centre for Development Innovation Wageningen UR is pleased to announce the organisation of the International Course on Agriculture Nutrition Linkages, to be held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 18 - 29 November 2013.
Malnutrition occurring early in life has life-long negative impacts on productivity and the income generating potential of the population. For longer times, malnutrition, although seen as a multi-sectorial issue, has been mainly addressed from the health sectors. Since recently, increased attention arises for 'nutrition-sensitive' approaches including nutrition sensitive agriculture. Linking the disciplinary fields of agriculture and nutrition is a promising new field for enhanced efforts to combatting malnutrition.
As a participant in this course you will gain increased insights into how the fields of agriculture, agricultural development, food production and food security can contribute to reduced malnutrition in population groups. The course will provide practical tools to increase the nutritional benefits of agricultural programmes and to reduce their potential negative impacts on nutrition. The course has a clear agricultural economic approach and addresses agricultural development along food value chains.
Do you feel you lack skills and knowledge on linking agriculture and nutrition? Consult the website<http://www.wageningenur.nl/en/show/CDIcourse_Agriculture_nutrition_linkages.htm> of the Centre for Development Innovation for more information about the application procedure and costs. Please forward this email to other parties who might be interested in the course.
Dear Colleagues,
Your discussion about "Nutrition-enhanced agriculture and food systems" is very lively and the moderators should be happy about such a resonance and interesting inputs. On the other side, it is nearly impossible to follow all discussion and to read all background papers for the online discussion. I agree that the problems of smallholders, the situation of women/children and to overcome hunger, malnutrition and deficiencies in amino acids, minerals and vitamins and consequently health and education have the highest priority presently.
But for my impression, some clear strategy for a long term and sustainable overcoming of the present situation is missing. For example, I miss some important subjects/topics (also political actions) with possible consequences for a sustainable nutrition in developing countries, such as:
In consequence, a strategy with short, middle and long term objectives for "Nutrition-enhanced agriculture and food systems" should be developed. I allow me to mention some objectives of such a programme:
Development of a sustainable agriculture (education, support of smallholders etc.)
Overcome of water and food energy/nutrient deficiencies in developing countries
Improvement of situation of smallholders and women/children in developing countries
Stop of land grabbing
Minimize of possible disadvantages of global trade and "Free Trade Regions" for development of agriculture in developing countries
Improvement of the balance between People-Planet and Profit
Further conversion of short term objectives
Improvement of sustainability and efficiency of food production
Conversion of concepts of plant breeding (plants with high and stable yields, resistant against biotic and abiotic stressors, low need for non renewable resources - water, arable land, fuel etc. -, better utilization of unlimited resources - such as sunlight/energy, N2; CO2, genetic pool etc.- )
Stabilisation of the short and middle term objectives
Best regards and much success in improving of nutrition
Gerhard Flachowsky
Prof. Dr. G. Flachowsky
Visiting Senior Scientist
Institute of Animal Nutrition
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI)
Federal Research Institute for Animal Health
Bundesallee 50
38116 Braunschweig


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Where Paradise Was
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Art and Music - Goya - Music of His Time
1 CD / Naxos (USA) / 2008-08-26Works: Jean-Philippe Rameau: Daphnis et Églé, pastorale héroïque; Domenico Scarlatti: Sonata for Harpsichord in F minor, K 467/L 476; François-Joseph Gossec: Grande Messe de...
Performers: Eder, Gyorgy; Kaler, Ilya [Violin]; Kraft, Norbert [Producer/Guitar]; Laurence Cummings [Conductor/Harpsichord]; Rowland, Gilbert; Tokos, Zoltán
Conductors: Terey-Smith, Mary; Fasolis, Diego; Hauschild, Wolf-Dieter; Wordsworth, Barry; Cassuto, Alvaro; Halász, Michael; Zedda, Alberto
The artistic genius of Goya (1746-1828) was multifaceted and complex. Chief painter at the Spanish court, a master of the official portrait, he also gave...continue...
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Gossec: Grand Messe des Morts, Symphonie /Fasolis, Hauschild
2 CD / Naxos (USA) / 2001-03-01Works: François-Joseph Gossec: Grande Messe des Morts, for soloists, chorus & orchestra; Symphony à 17 parties, in F major, Br. 91
Performers: Arruabarrena, Maite; Crook, Howard [Tenor Vocal]; Invernizzi, Roberta
Conductors: Fasolis, Diego; Hauschild, Wolf-Dieter
Ensemble: Cantemus; Swiss Italian Orchestra
"The forces assembled by Naxos for this recording are substantial and possess all of the musical credentials to breathe life into this extensive musical canvas....continue...
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Oven variation: Preheat oven to 425 degrees. Place green beans in a microwavable bowl with 1 tablespoon water. Cover and microwave on High until the beans are just beginning to cook, about 30 seconds. Drain and add to the other vegetables (step 2). Assemble packets (steps 3-4). Bake the packets directly on an oven rack until the fish is cooked through and the vegetables are just tender, about 20 minutes.
4 servings
Adapted from EatingWell: July/August 2007, EatingWell for a Healthy Heart Cookbook (2008)
A little known fact about capers is that they are a great source of natural antioxidants. Antioxidants help protect us from harmful free radicals – unstable oxygen molecules that harm healthy cells. They have a good amount of vitamin C, as well as both alpha and gamma tocopherol, which are also known as highly absorbed and common forms of vitamin E. Capers also contain the flavonoid polyphenol named quercetin that is in other fruits such as apples and cherries and has been shown to have anticancer properties.
Make sure you rinse your capers first to remove some of the salty solution that they are preserved in for a more heart-healthy addition to your meals.
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 | Call us toll-free:


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There are many wonderful restaurants in Winston-Salem, though not so many serve brunch! Here is a list of favorites, some of which offer Saturday and Sunday brunch, and some of which serve extras like Bloody Marys and mimosas!
1. Mary's Gourmet Diner
(a.k.a. Breakfast of Course, B.O.C, and Mary's of Course): Hours: 8AM-3PM. A favorite farm-to-table restaurant in the Arts District of Downtown Winston-Salem, this quirky, artsy diner has personality galore and a menu chock-full of local organic goodness. Breakfast items are served all day and eggs benedict are one of their specialties, as well as biscuits and vegetarian or pork sausage gravy, griddle cornmeal cakes, tofu or tempeh scramble and cinnamon swirl French toast. Mary's Gourmet Diner is vegetarian friendly and sometimes offers gluten-free bread as well. Great patio seating available. (no alcohol served). Many breakfast items are served all day, everyday. View their brunch menu.
Address: 723 Trade St., Winston-Salem, NC 27101 (336) 723-7239
2. Mozelle's Fresh Southern Bistro
Saturday and Sunday brunch 11AM-2PM This downtown eatery is a local favorite offering Mozelle's Benedict with candied bacon, collards and chorizo gravy on a brioche bun with cheese grits or a grilled pimento cheese and bacon sandwich on sourdough with a cup of tomato bisque. Lovely sidewalk dining. Mimosas served sometimes. Reservations encouraged. View their brunch menu.Address: 878 West Fourth St., Winston-Salem, NC 27101. (336) 703-5400
3. Finnigan's Wake Pub & Irish Kitchen
Saturday brunch 11AM; Sunday brunch 10AM-3PM. In the heart of the Arts District in Downtown Winston-Salem, Finnigan's offers Saturday and Sunday brunch (though their Saturday brunch menu is not as extensive as their Sunday brunch menu). They serve authentic traditional Irish favorites, including "boxty" (a thin potato pancake folded over your favorite sweet or savory ingredients), imported Irish bangers (sausage), Scotch eggs, Irish oatmeal, and the Full Monty omelet with bangers, rashers, corned beef and cheddar cheese served with hashed potatoes and a toastie. Serves Bloody Mary's and mimosas available from their full bar. Brunch menu.
Address: 620 N. Trade St., Winston-Salem, NC (336) 723-0322
4. Willow's Bistro: Sunday brunch
11AM-3PM. A farm-to-table restaurant near between downtown and Old Salem, Willow's Bistro offers traditional favorites and unique items, from fried chicken and waffles, steak benedict and Bananas Foster French toast to goat cheese grits and sesame soba noodles. $3 Bloody Marys & mimosas! Vegetarian friendly. View their brunch menu. Address 300 S. Liberty St., Winston-Salem, NC 27101 (336) 293-4601.
5. Old Fourth Street Filling Station
Sunday brunch: 10AM-3PM. Enjoy brunch by the fireplace or on their beautiful patio with a variety of choices from Southern favorites such as biscuits & gravy; Carolina crab cake sandwich; and shrimp & grits, to Lobster Rockefeller Benedict, and caramel apple French toast. View their brunch menu.Address: 871 W. Fourth St., Winston-Salem, NC 27101 (336) 724-7600
6. 6th & Vine
Sunday brunch 11AM-3PM. In the heart of the Arts District of Downtown Winston-Salem, this favorite night spot also offers Sunday brunch for the morning after, serving up the likes of shrimp & grits; crab cake benedict; portabello, prosciutto and goat cheese omelet. Limited outdoor seating. Vegetarian and gluten free friendly. View their brunch menu. Address: 209 W. 6th St., Winston-Salem, NC. (336) 725-5577
7. River Birch Lodge
Saturday brunch 11AM-3PM; Sunday brunch 9AM-3PM. A sister restaurant of Midtown Café and Dessertery, River Birch Lodge restaurant offers Saturday and Sunday brunch with an atmosphere of "mountain casual dining" and a lovely patio. Menu includes items such as Eggs Benedict, Belgian waffles and veggie frittata. Bloody Mary's and mimosas available through their full bar. Gluten free dishes and sliced bread (though no buns) available. Brunch menu. Address: 3324 Robinhood Rd, Winston-Salem, NC 27106 (336) 768-1111
8. New Town Bistro & Bar
Sunday brunch 11AM-2PM. Try the California crab omelet, sweet potato pancakes or the fresh-baked cinnamon roll with cream cheese icing and toasted pecans! Take advantage of their "famous" Bloody Mary "bar" and craft your own Bloody Mary creation, or enjoy mimosas. Gluten free menu available. View their brunch menu.
Address: 420 Jonestown Rd., New Town shopping Centre, Winston-Salem, NC. (336) 659-8062.
9. Midtown Café & Dessertery
Sunday-Thursday 7AM-8:30PM; Friday & Saturday 7AM-9:30PM. Another "breakfast all day" restaurant, this family-friendly brunch spot near Thruway Shopping Center often has a wait. Midtown Café serves up classics: banana crunch pancakes, sweet potato pancakes, Belgian waffles, crepes and French toast along with great sandwiches and soups. Vast outdoor seating available in warmer months. (Sorry, no Bloody Marys or mimosas.) View their menu Address: 151 S. Stratford Rd., Winston-Salem, NC 27104. (336) 724-9800
10. Five Points
Saturday and Sunday 10AM-2PM. This relatively new restaurant serves up brunch staples like waffles and French toast alongside not-so-common prime rib, crab cakes, cajun quiche and duck fat potatoes. Mimosas and Bloody Mary's. View the full menu. Read more about Five Points and their eco-friendliness here.
Address: 109 S. Stratford Rd., Winston-Salem, NC 27104. (336) 448-0970
Bakery Bonus: Camino Bakery
Though not a restaurant, this hot spot in the heart of Downtown offers a full coffee bar, fresh-baked morning glory muffins, almond brioche, cinnamon buns and quiche, as well as $5 mimosas on Sundays! Sidewalk seating available. View their menu. Address: 310 W. Fourth St., Winston-Salem, NC (336) 721-9990
Screaming Rooster -Now Closed
A Winston-Salem farm-to-table restaurant with a French-country setting, Screaming Rooster offers a changing menu based on seasonal local produce and meats, from Bananas Foster pancakes to waffle sandwiches and gourmet items such as Cranberry walnut French toast, Salem Town Eggs Benedict with two eggs sunny side up topped with smoked salmon, sautéed spinach and roasted tomatoes on sourdough toast. Serves mimosas by the glass or the pitcher and "Michealada" a zesty Bloody Mary! Vegetarian friendly. View their daily menu.
Address: 301 Brookstown Ave., Winston-Salem, NC (336) 722-9090
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Bingo Bash
by GSN.com
Developer Notes
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Consumers are 80% more likely to buy goods and services from a Chamber member. Your Membership means business. Join today.
Real estate in Victoria is a hot commodity and the market offers a variety of housing options to choose from. Our downtown core and communities surrounding the downtown have a growing number of condominium developments. Single family homes, many with secondary suites, are available throughout the established neighbourhoods, with new single family home developments springing up in the western communities of Langford, Colwood and Sooke as well as along the Saanich Peninsula.
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There's lots of information to gather when setting up business in Greater Victoria. Explore all you need to know with the Greater Victoria Development Agency.
Copyright © 2012 Greater Victoria Chamber of Commerce. All rights reserved. #100 – 852 Fort St., Victoria, BC V8W 1H8, Canada | Phone: (250) 383-7191 | Fax: (250) email@example.com
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Mastodon -- Richmond, VA -- April 18th, 2010
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Not a number, I'm a free man
Join Date: Oct 2008
Location: Virginia
Posts: 5,346
Mastodon -- Richmond, VA -- April 18th, 2010
Crionics already beat me to the punch but I figured I'd go ahead and post a short review anyway.
Brent walked right by us before the show and I saw Bill wandering around the city. Pretty cool, I met all the guys and got autographs last year so I didn't bother them this time around.
Valient Thorr was really cool. The music is nothing special but they were good ole fun rock n roll. They interacted with the crowd well and the frontman was really funny. Their beards were sweet. They played (incomplete, I only know title because the frontman announced them):
Tomorrow Police
Red Flag
Double Crossed
BTBAM came on next and I have never been more confused by a band. They obviously have talent and their acoustic, soft stuff was awesome but every time they had a good thing going they would drown it in core bullshit. The core seemed so forced too, I don't know why they don't just stick with the cool avant-garde soft sound they had going on for half the set. Overall, would not want to see them again. They had me genuinely interested a number of times but every time the keyboardist would take his mic out of the stand I knew it was time to put the earplugs back in and pretend the next few minutes didn't exist.
They played:
Desert of Song (I think that's the title)
Disease, Madness, Suffering (Same as above)
Plus 3 others, one of which was from Alaska.
Mastodon was awesome as expected. They came out and did the full CtS which was cool to see again. I really liked the images up on the video screen, I don't remember them being as good on the first leg of the CtS tour. After the first set they played a video of the different CtS artwork on the screen while the guys took a quick break. They came back out and launched into Crusher Destroyer which was really cool. The rest of the set was great, particularly everything from Blood Mountain. O'le Nessie was a huge surprise. I'm not a fan of Remission so after the song ended I had to ask my buddy what the hell it was.
It was a cool song though. The other surprise was Capallarian Crest as I don't think they played that one on the opening night of the tour. Blood and Thunder was monstrous and the perfect closer. Me and my friend each got setlists and he got a Brann drumstick.
Oh, and Brent's see-through guitar was the coolest thing ever.
4.The Czar
5.Ghost Of Karelia
6.Crack The Skye
7.The Last Baron
8.Crusher Destroyer
9. Crystal Skull
10. I Am Ahab
11. Capillarian Crest
12. Ole Nessie
13. Circle Of Cysquatch
14. Aqua Dementia
15. Iron Tusk
16. March of the Fire Ants
17. Blood and Thunder
They had a lot of great shirts but only one with dates. I got a green shirt with trippy purple writing that says Mastodon State Park Atlanta, Georgia and has a picture of a Mastodon. They also had posters with dates and some LP's.
Shirts $20
Tour shirt $25
Poster $15
CtS LP $20
Limited Remission and BM LP $50
Vinyl box set $300
Plus they had a flask, wallet, drink koozie, and other trinkets.
6/17 - Meshuggah
6/28 - Iron Maiden - Bergen, Norway
6/29 - Blaze Bayley - Bergen, Norway
7/1 - Iron Maiden - Luxembourg
10/31 - Fleetwood Mac
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Sunny, cool and windy weather forecast for Thanksgiving
Published: Wednesday, November 21, 2012 at 6:25 p.m.
Last Modified: Wednesday, November 21, 2012 at 6:25 p.m.
Families can expect a sunny, cool, breezy Thanksgiving.
The forecast for Volusia and Flagler counties calls for sunny skies, a high of about 70 degrees and north winds ranging from 10 to 20 mph, according to the National Weather Service. Both counties could see gusts as high as 30 mph.
Overnight Thursday, both counties could see a low of 47 degrees with winds about 5 to 10 mph, according to the Weather Service.
"It's a little bit on the chillier side, especially for anybody going out for those Black Friday deals," meteorologist Derrick Weitlich said.
Weitlich said boating conditions all along Florida's East Coast are hazardous, and the warning may need to be extended past Thursday night.
Check out our new weather page.
See current weather conditions and our BeachCam.
Check Volusia County traffic conditions.
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Dickey, Matt -- Technology/IT/Web Development, Network Specialist & Tech Support Fluharty, Kurt -- Technology/IT/Electronic Technician, Infra-structure & Tech Support Garner, Tom -- Technology/IT/Special Project Assistant & Tech Support McCarty, Ty -- Technology/IT/Webmaster, Student ID Cards & Tech Support Piercy, Justin -- Technology/IT/Tech Support Piercy, Mitch -- Director of Technology/IT
Your financial and material gifts can help train men and women for Christian service!
Get the latest Ozark news!
You can help Ozark Christian College reach the world for Christ, one leader at a time!
OCC is involved with several social networks. Connect with OCC and our network of alumni, friends, employees and students.
Changing the world.One leader at a time.


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Biography for
Tiger Rising
Random House, Inc.
Kate DiCamillo says of THE TIGER RISING, "Rob Horton first showed up in a short story I was writing. I finished the story, but apparently Rob wasn't finished with me. He hung around for weeks afterward, haunting the other stories I was working on. Finally, I said to him, 'What in the world do you want?' And he said, 'I know where there's a tiger.' Like Sistine, I said one word back to him, 'Where?' THE TIGER RISING is how Rob Horton answered me."


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Faith inspires woman to learn to read
Sunday, October 21, 2012
Words of Psalms 23 drifted through a living room on Knipp Drive. Ninety-three-year-old Luvenia Washington sat on a blue couch, a Bible open on her lap.
"The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want," Washington read aloud. When she finished, Marcia Ramatowski, sitting on a couch across the room, wiped tears from her eyes.
"Thank you for giving me back a little bit of my momma today," Ramatowski said to Washington.
Washington learned to read in her 80s for the sole purpose of reading The Bible. She was a student at the Adult Basic Literacy Education Learning Center, ABLE, which Ramatowski's mother, Amie Morrow, founded in 1985.
Morrow passed away in June 2010, but her legacy lives on through ABLE.
Use the comment form below to begin a discussion about this content.
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May 5, 2016
Results of a second autopsy say the 14-year-old died from suffocation. The family spoke at their lawyer's office in Tallahassee Friday evening about how relieved they are that the second autopsy confirmed their son's death was not due to a medical condition.
They are now waiting for criminal charges to be filed. The second autopsy of Martin Lee Anderson says he died due to the actions of boot camp guards, and that they covered his mouth with their hands, forcing him to breathe ammonia, suffocating him.
Benjamin Crump, the family attorney, said, "Thank God Dr. Adams confirmed what we all knew the truth that that first autopsy that said their child died of natural cause as a result of a sickle cell trait was not true."
Gina Jones, the victim's mother, said, "The truth is out. We all knew how Martin passed away, so I'm relieved and happy today."
Parents of Martin Lee Anderson say they received a phone call from Gov. Bush once the report was released.
Gina Jones said, "He apologized to me and told me how sorry he was for what happened to my baby."
Lawmakers are now calling for charges against the guards and the removal of Bay County medical examiner Dr. Charles Siebert, who performed the first autopsy and maintains Anderson died because sickle cell trait.
Robert Anderson said, "He can do what he wants to do. It don't surprise me no more what he's going to do next. The truth is out now my baby was murdered in the boot camp and he tried to cover it up."
Attorney Benjamin Crump says the new autopsy report has given the family new faith that the state will find justice for their son.
Benjamin Crump said, "For somebody to be held accountable for the death, it would have to be based on the official cause of death from the state."
A lawyer for one of the guards present when the teen was beaten says he knows what's coming next and predicts a witch hunt, as state prosecutors will now look into filing criminal charges.
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How To Donate Online
Thanks to the charitable organization "CanadaHelps" we are able to provide you with an easy way to express your financial support for the Cobourg Museum Foundation. Simply click on the "Donate Now" button and provide the information requested.
The process is simple and secure and CanadaHelps will issue an online receipt that you can print out from your computer.
There is also an opportunity for you to choose between your annual membership and a donation.
Memberships and general donations are used first of all to cover the low annual operating cost of the CMF and then towards the exhibits which are the heart and soul of the Sifton-Cook Heritage Centre. Without the support of our friends there would be nothing!
There are other ways to contribute too!
"GiftIt" is an exciting and easy-to-use online service that allows you to sell a good or service, with all or a portion of the proceeds going directly to a designated charity or non-profit organization. To learn more just click on the logo above.
You Gift it, They Buy it, Voila! Donation sent to Charity!
Thank you for your support!
The Cobourg Museum Foundation is a registered charitable organization
(# 879869121RR0001) and donations are tax deductible.


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These wireless telephone service providers entered an agreement with the states that requires them to provide coverage maps to consumers, give consumers at least two weeks to terminate service contracts without incurring termination penalties, and also change the way it advertises and sells its services and coverage. Other provisions of the agreement call for certain disclosures in the carriers' advertisements and through their retail, Internet, and telemarketing sales channels, which are designed to provide consumers with comprehensive information about the costs and limits of the companies' wireless service.
This list includes only significant filings and is not intended to be a complete record of the matter.


text:
We exist to create and grow high tech startups. We do this by hosting community events, leading technology education courses, and offering a shared workspace environment. View Our Culture Book
348 E. Main St.
Lexington, KY 40507
Where you can park:
Check out the Map of Parking near Awesome Inc.
Park Here:
Option 1: Behind building at the corner of Main and Midland/E. Vine (formerly People's Exchange Bank) Option 2: Lot to the left of Awesome Inc building Option 3: Metered spots behind the building (on Water St.) Option 4:Parking Garage - across the street, under "Main and Vine" apartment/condo complex.
Do Not Park:
Outside the retail plaza (in front of garage) Spaces marked for Wells Fargo, Commerce Lexington, Porter Paints or VisitLex
Get monthly updates from the Awesome Inc community.
Crafted by Melo & Kyle


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That's why, a few months ago, Dr. Jill Biden and I started Joining Forces, a nationwide campaign to recognize, honor, and serve our military families. Our troops give so much to this country and they ask us for just one thing in return: to take care of their families while they're gone. So we've put out a call to action. We're urging all Americans to ask themselves one question: What can I do to give back to these families that have given so much?
To answer that question you can go to JoiningForces.gov and learn more about how you can get involved. And you can get started right now through Operation Honor Card by pledging to spend a certain number of hours serving military families in your community.
Our motto for Joining Forces is very simple: Everyone can do something. We've met folks in every corner of the country who are stepping up and helping out in their own small ways in their neighborhoods and in their communities. They're popping over to rake the leaves, or bringing a family a home-cooked meal, or offering to babysit. And I know that if we each do whatever we can, if we all join forces, we can show military families across this country that we have them in our hearts, we have them in our prayers, and we always have their backs.
Happy Independence Day! GET INVOLVED


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Mark Lyttleton-Frances joins The BodyHoliday LeSPORT as General Manager after holding similar positions at many prestigious properties within the hospitality industry. In his native country, South Africa Mark was General Manager of Guvon Hotels & Spa. He then re-located to the United Kingdom where he was Resort Director for De Vere Belton Woods Hotel & Country Club from February 2007 to June 2009. More recently, he has served as Regional General Manager for development with MacDonald Hotels and Resorts.
Mark joins The BodyHoliday LeSPORT with a wealth of experience and is ready to project this SunSwept resort forward. He is intimately involved with plans as he prepares the ground work for The BodyHoliday's transition to 5-Star status toward the end of 2011. We wish Mark every success and look forward to welcoming him to the team.
The BodyHoliday has an exciting year ahead. Having won Favourite Overseas Spa Retreat WORLDWIDE in this year's Condé Nast Traveller Spa Awards, The BodyHoliday is recognised as THE leading health and wellbeing resort in the Caribbean and with the US$30million renovation on the horizon, looks forward to a bright future in the pursuit of excellence in the luxury arena of health and wellbeing worldwide.
The Board of Directors extend a sincere thank you to Nigel Theophilus for his unwavering contribution, loyalty and dedication over the years. In a career that spanned 18 years with Sunswept Resorts, Nigel Theophilus made a great contribution to development and growth of the resorts in terms of occupancy, guest satisfaction and overall employee development. Under Nigel's watch the resorts he managed realised high occupancy levels in what might sometimes be considered unfavourable market conditions. We wish Nigel every success for the future.


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About The Intuitive Consultancy
We are a boutique intuitive consulting group from both business and academic backgrounds. If you're looking for a stereotypical "Psychic", lurking behind a neon sign in a shady part of town, you'll need to look elsewhere.
We provide authentic intuitive direction for thinking professionals. And we set the bar high.
Discovering The Way Ahead
There are inevitable moments upon your journey when you find yourself standing at a fork in the road. Whichever path is taken, there can be no return. You hesitate. What's your next—and best—move?
That's when you reach out to us.
The Intuitive Consultancy has successfully provided intuitive direction to individuals and businesses in the USA, Canada and UK for over 15 years.
Individual and Private
We work closely with clients facing challenges and opportunities, and significant choices in their personal lives. Transitions in your relationships—including marriage, divorce, loss, new partners, as well as children and family—are addressed with genuine sensitivity and regard.
We also offer insights into private property purchases, investments, and career development.
Business and Professional
The consultancy focuses on helping clients with questions about their business environment. We're especially effective at determining the political and emotional milieu in given workplace situations, and can empower you to be more proactive in conflict or adverse work situations.
Change is always a factor in the marketplace and workplace. As intuitive advisors, we can help you to prepare for those transitions, so you can act to produce your best outcome.
Our ultimate goal is to guide you in "fine-tuning" your career path to reach optimal personal fulfillment, growth and success.
Trusted Intuitive Consultants
With our unique combination of practical coaching and seasoned insight, we are the authentic voice of intuitive consultancy.
Contact us for an introductory discussion, or to schedule a consultation. We'll provide you with a professional bio of your Personal Intuitive Consultant before you commit time or fees.


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Maggie Gyllenhaal has Emma dreamMaggie Gyllenhaal wants to be like Emma Thompson.
The 32-year-old actress - who recently starred alongside the British star in 'Nanny McPhee and the Big Bang' - wants to turn out just like Emma because the 50-year-old Oscar-winner gave her great advice on how to cope with being aworking mother.
Maggie - who has a three-year-old daughter Ramona with her husband Peter Sarsgaard - said: "I want to be her when I grow up. Emma was the one who said to me - when I was a newlywed, I had no nanny and I was working on this movie. She said, 'You have to let yourself drop the ball. Human beings do that. If you don't, some really important part of you won't survive.' She wrote it to me in a text. I think about it all the time."
The 'Dark Knight' actress - whose brother is actor Jake Gyllenhaal -feels like she has "sacrificed" a lot since she gave birth but admits she still makes mistakes as a parent.
She told the USA Today newspaper: "Being a mother forces me to be so responsible. I'm very protective, and I try to keep Ramona out of this Hollywood stuff. But I make mistakes. I have that tug of wanting things that feel good to me and trying to figure out what I have to sacrifice. I haven't been perfect at that."
Maggie also believes motherhood has softened her "fierce" personality.
She added: "When I was in my 20s, I thought the idea was to be as strong as you could in my work, in my life. To just be fierce and bold. I don't think that anymore. I've gotten softer. You have to be so brave to feel your feelings. You have to have a different kind of strength to reveal the ways in which you're weak and the things you're ashamed of."
Have an question? Get it answered by AskMen's guyQ.


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VANCOUVER, Wash. – Political polarization and the 2012 election prospects will hold the spotlight in the fall installment of Washington State University Vancouver's 2012/2013 Chancellor's Seminar Series. The lecture, "Election 2012: Key National and State Races," will take place at 11:45 a.m. Oct. 19 in the Firstenburg Student Commons.
Bringing in political perspectives from both the state and national levels, the fall installment of the 2012/2013 Chancellor's Seminar Series will feature David Ammons, communications director and senior policy advisor to Washington Secretary of State Sam Reed and the Office of the Secretary; and Carolyn Long, interim vice chancellor for academic affairs and a professor of political science.
The lecture will begin with Ammons who will predict which way the political winds will blow in Washington and around the country as ballots go in the mail. Joining Ammons in the discussion, Long will focus on the state of national political races and the increased polarization of political parties in the U.S.
Through the Office of Secretary, David Ammons has worked with the Elections Division, State Archives, State Library, Corporations Division and a number of programs funded by the Legislature. Ammons brings with him a 37-year background as a political and state government journalist for The Associated Press. He was president and dean of the Capitol Press Corps and also the longest serving Capitol reporter. As a journalist, he wrote a statewide weekly column and hosted "Inside Olympia," a public television show on TVW.
Carolyn Long has taught in the School of Politics, Philosophy and Public Affairs for more than 17 years and was instrumental in launching WSU Vancouver's Public Affairs Lecture Series. She has served as director of the program in public affairs and associate director of the College of Liberal Arts. She regularly serves as a news analyst for various television, radio and newspaper outlets.
Tickets for the Chancellor Seminar Series are $25 and include lunch, lecture and parking. Tickets can be purchased online by visiting www.vancouver.wsu.edu/css or by calling 360-546-9580.
Held twice a year, the Chancellor's Seminar Series thoughtfully examines timely topics and extends an opportunity to exchange ideas. The series gathers students, faculty, staff, business leaders, elected officials and community members on campus for an in-depth conversation about a topic of current interest or concern.
WSU Vancouver is located at 14204 N.E. Salmon Creek Ave., east of the 134th Street exit from either I-5 or I-205 and is accessible via C-Tran bus service.
# # #
Barb Holder, Office of the Chancellor, 360-546-9580, email@example.com
Brenda Alling, Office of Marketing and Communications, 360-546-9601, email@example.com


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I have written a number of blog posts about Barack Hussein Obama (30 mentions to be exact). Last May, I wrote a blog titled Why I Will Be Voting for Barack Obama, and I stand by all that I wrote in that blog as well. If you want to know why I am voting to support our President, please check out one of those two links above.
I am writing today to talk about the practice of voting itself.
Back in late April-ish, my Facebook wall was bombarded by several of my loved ones who posted a call for HIV-positive models to participate in a new project that Jack Mackenroth, the HIV positive gay man of Project Runway fame and with a boogina that makes me think of sin and putting on a bib. FIRE IN THE HOLE!
Oops sorry ... that was my outside voice.
While many in the LGBTQ community take paid sick days for granted, half of all workers in New York City -- and two-thirds of low-wage workers -- get no paid sick time. Many of these workers are LGBTQ. These workers don't have the luxury of putting their health first. When they get sick, instead of focusing on getting better, they are forced to choose between going to work sick to make rent at the end of the month or sacrificing their days' wages and/or getting fired. No one should be forced to make this choice.
Today is the day. I pick up my prescription for HIV meds. And tonight at dinner, I will take my first pill.
Let's start this way: I have an amazing job with amazing people, especially my co-director Amber Hollibaugh and my Shelter Program Director Jay Toole. I've known them both for years and years before working with them and I love them both dearly.
In 2006, I was at the Creating Change Conference, the nation's largest LGBTQ conference, in Oakland, CA. At the time, I had met and eventually dated Pedro Julio Serrano. At the time, he was working for Evan Wolfson at Freedom to Marry.
Freedom to Marry held a workshop on marriage, and at one point, they panel was taking questions and comments from the audience. I walked up to the microphone, and I told the panel exactly why I was not on and would never join the marriage "movement." Since 1996, quite literally tens of millions of dollars have been spent on the gay marriage battle front by the LGBTQ community. At the same time, we saw a drastic decline in giving to any and all other fronts of the LGBTQ agenda except Don't Ask Don't Tell repeal.
Let me begin by saying that being a bio boy that grew up with a penis and male privilege, that I have one and only comment to make about abortion: as a man, I fully respect the autonomy and sovereignty of women over their own bodies and my only legitimate opinion on abortion is that I am required, by the privilege of being male, to use that privilege to protect in anyway and every way possible the right of a woman to choose.
You know, I am just learning about the 99% Spring ... and I am having some mixed feelings. I know a number of the letter signers, and I trust them (for example, Sarita Gupta -- Jobs with Justice -- and I were student organizers involved with USSA together in the mid-90s, and Rashad Robinson and I go way back). I do, however, have some issues with how organized labor centric the push is considered how few folks are actually part of organized labor at this point. Now, I believe that organized labor should be a central component of any organizing related to economic justice, but immediately, on looking at the signers and the labor focus, my first instinct was to say ... this isn't about me ... which is deep on a number of levels, right ... both on the level of why don't I see myself as an inheritor of the right to organized labor but also it has clearly to do with the racism, homophobia, and lack of ability of organized labor to speak to me and my experience as a nonprofit worker. Aka ... those of us that have spent the bulk of our lives agitating for change have largely done so within the non-profit industrial complex, which organized labor has ignored or been unable to crack (I am being clear that there have been widely divergent reasons and what is true on the national stage regarding energy and willingness does not often match up with local labor organizing).
So, being gay famous and all, I have had the occasion upon occasion to meet folks that are actually famous. One of my best friends is Bebe Zahara Benet, I am acquainted with Cheyenne Jackson, though better with his partner (fellow Minnesotan) Monte -- you meet the craziest people at our dog park including Michael Urie, as well as Wilson Heredia (the other Angel from Rent), but there is one person I have come across who is legitimately famous and who is not only really real and sweet but lives his life, his politics, and gives to his community in a way that goes way beyond cutting a check or posing for a PETA ad.
Today I received word from Mr. James White that Great Expressions Dental has filed a defamation suit in federal court and a counterclaim saying that the EEOC finding of discrimination and violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 was erroneous in his employment discrimination case in Detroit where Great Expressions followed him around and sprayed down surfaces with Lysol after he disclosed his HIV status.


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Missions and Expansion
Written by: Beth Davies-Stofka
In 787, the Second Council of Nicaea agreed with the iconodules, decreeing that it is legitimate to paint icons, bring them into the churches, and venerate them. However, the controversy persisted until 843, when the iconodules prevailed once and for all through the intervention of the Byzantine Empress, Theodora. This is called the "Triumph of Orthodoxy," and is celebrated at a special service called "Orthodoxy Sunday," which falls on the first Sunday in Lent.
Orthodox mysticism also crystallized around a belief in the experience of the Divine Light, a concept that gained influence through the writing of St. Symeon the New Theologian (949-1022). In Eastern Orthodox tradition, following Symeon and others, the ultimate mystical experience is a vision of the "Divine and Uncreated Light." This is the same vision the Bible describes in the story of the Transfiguration, which appears in all three synoptic gospels. According to the story, while accompanied by Peter, James, and John, Jesus was transformed by a radiant light, spoke with Moses and Elijah, and was called "Son" by God. Legend holds that the Transfiguration occurred on Mt. Tabor, hence the Divine Light is also called the Light of Tabor. It is called "Uncreated Light" because it is a manifestation of God, who is uncreated.
A spiritual discipline called hesychasm formed around the pursuit of the vision of Divine Light. Hesychia means "inner stillness." The hope is that perfect stillness will open the Christian to the experience of Divine Light. The hesychasts devoted themselves to achieving a prayer of silence, meaning prayers without images, words, or thoughts. Hesychasts employed physical exercises such as sitting and breathing rhythmically in order to integrate prayer, such as the Jesus Prayer ("Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me, a sinner"), into their bodies and consciousness. The goal was to integrate the prayer into the very being of the Christian, so that it would pray itself when the heart of the hesychast beat, or the lungs drew breath. This would be the Christian's response to Paul's admonition to "pray continually" (1 Thess. 5:17). Hesychasm plays a significant role in modern Orthodox spirituality.
Study Questions:
1. Why was Eastern Orthodoxy able to spread northward in the 9th century? Who were the key converts within its missionizing?
2. How do iconoclasts differ from iconodules? Which did the Second Council of Nicea favor, and what was the end result?
3. Where does Eastern Orthodoxy's mysticism draw its inspiration? How is it still relevant today?


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And Attorney James E. Sulick did a good job of covering all the bases: His client, who at the time of the incident was the presiding judge in Hartford's community court, is embarrassed, he said. She's a person with "an impeccable record, dedicating her life to the community."
Look, while I gave the judge a poke (see POKE section on the left) after this news broke, I get that everyone makes mistakes. People I've spoken to since Cofield's BMW struck a state police cruiser parked at a construction zone on Route 2, speak highly of her, and her firm, but compassionate style.
And that's why it struck me as more than a little disingenuous for a judge who reportedly demanded accountability and expected folks to own their mistakes to suddenly go mum.
Would she let anyone in her court get away with that?
I'm thinking no.
BY CHRISTINE DEMPSEY | The Hartford Courant
11:47 AM EDT, October 27, 2008
MANCHESTER - A community court judge charged with driving while intoxicated Oct. 10 when her BMW struck a state police car in Glastonbury applied for an alcohol education program today in Superior Court.
Judge E. Curtissa R. Cofield, 59, of Heritage Drive in Glastonbury appeared before Judge William Bright. At her side was her attorney, James E. Sulick of South Windsor.
She is scheduled to return to court Nov. 24, when she will learn whether she is accepted into the program.
Cofield declined to comment after the brief hearing as she walked to a car outside the courthouse.
Sulick told reporters that she is a person with "an impeccable record, dedicating her life to the community."
"She feels bad about this and she going to be sure that she shows the right attitude," he said.
He said he can't comment on the facts of the case because, under state law, the record of her arrest is sealed as soon as the defendant applies for the alcohol education program. The program is only available to first-time offenders.
Cofield was charged with driving while under the influence and failure to drive in the proper lane after the accident, which happened on Route 2 east at about 10:50 p.m.
According to a brief accident summary from the Troop H barracks in Hartford, she "drove into the construction pattern and subsequently struck Vehicle #1 a 2005 Crown Victoria occupied by Trooper Michael Kowal. No one was injured.
Cofield, who at the time was the presiding judge in Hartford's community court, asked for a transfer to civil court after the accident, a court spokeswoman said earlier this month. As a community court judge, Cofield presided over cases such as driving under the influence and under-aged drinking.
She was appointed to the bench in 1991; her assignments included Superior Court in Manchester, where she appeared today. Her term expires in June of 2015.


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Profile: Lesly Taylor
Profile: Leslie Taylor
Profile: Leslie Taylor Tao
Profile: Lesli Taylor
Profile: Taylor St. Claire
Profile: Isis Taylor
Article: Adult Legend John Leslie Remembered
Published: December 06, 2010
John Leslie, the multi-award-winning actor and director, passed away on Sunday of an apparent heart attack at his home in Marin County. He was...
Article: 'Naughty Show' 10 Brings On Taylor Vixen Tonight
Published: March 25, 2010
Comic Sam Tripoli presents the 10th installment of his 2 1/2-year-old Naughty Show tonight at the Hollywood Improv, featuring Penthouse Pet of...
Profile: Leslie (III) (Hungarian)
Movies: Juggicide: An Overdose of Big Natural Tits
This double-DVD compilation features some of the hottest scenes from Christoph Clark's award-winning Big Natural Tits series, starring the biggest, firmest natural tits that Europe has ever seen. The first scene is starlet Jessica Moore from Big Natural Tits 15, whose pretty face and gorgeous rack makes for a killer combination. Greg Centauro and Jean-Yves Lecastel fuck her every which way – in her pussy, in her ass, and double penetration. Next, direct from Big Natural Tits 9, comes Wendy White, a buxom blonde who gets fucked right by Greg Centauro and Bruno Sx. Stella from Big Natural Tits 20 is next, with her beautiful face and outrageous natural boobs. Steve Holmes worships them perfectly, fucking them long and hard, before moving on to her pussy and then coming between her tits. Disc one finishes with curvy blonde Zdenka from Big Natural Tits 4, with a pair of big globes that won't disappoint. Leslie Taylor partakes in all her pleasures (and holes), and fucks her ass until he cums all over her beautiful juggs. And all that is only the first DVD! The second disc is packed with more of the same – including a scene from Big Natural Tits 21, that features a pair of some of the biggest natural boobs you've ever laid your eyes on. Terry's enormous, round melons are truly a sight to behold, and they look even better as Roly Reeves is fucking her mouth, her tits, her pussy, and her ass. All in all we're treated to ten tit-arific scenes… as the subtitle says, "an overdose" of enormous, natural European boobs, and stars like Rita Faltoyano, Sabrina Rose and Jasmine Black getting fucked silly by Europe's most hardcore studs.
[Double Disc]
Article: Director James Westby Spoofs the Porn World With The Auteur
Published: April 22, 2008
Mainstream director James Westby takes on X-rated cinema in The Auteur , headed this week to the Tribeca Film Festival.
Article: Vivid Ships Paul Thomas' Emperor
Published: August 30, 2006
Article: American vs. Euro Girls in Clark's 2-Disc Set
Published: June 22, 2005
Article: ADULTVIDEONEWS MAY 2005 - ON THE COVER - The Men Of Porn: It's a Woman's World, Men Just Fuck In It!
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Article: Kentucky's State Transit Porn Computers, Battling The Old To Get Broadband, and Other Bleeps, Blunders, and Bouquets from Cyberspace
Published: May 31, 2004
Article: Adamo's Dangerous Things Coming In July
Published: May 23, 2000
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Published: April 18, 2000
Article: Beware Of Julia
Published: March 27, 2000
Article: Interview with Sylvi Anderson
Published: March 27, 2000
Article: Julia
Published: March 27, 2000


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KJ's Hollywood Dirt for 12/10/2013
by KJ
posted Dec 10 2013 8:55AM
MTV's Artist of the Year Is . . . Miley Cyrus
MTV has announced that their Artist of the Year for 2013 is . . . MILEY CYRUS. (???)
They explained this INTERESTING selection by saying that Miley's duet with ROBIN THICKE at the "VMAs" was the most watched video on their websites . . . and that the MTV web page devoted to Miley had more hits than any other artist's.
You heard that right . . . MTV named Miley the "Artist" of the Year, partially BECAUSE of her completely artless performance at the "VMAs". Let's hope this was just an OBJECTIVE honor based on Internet traffic.
For what it's worth, MTV's Artist of the Year in 2012 was ONE DIRECTION, and KATY PERRY was their selection the year before that. So, you know, they aren't exactly looking for a modern day BOB DYLAN or anything.
Katy Perry Says She Had to Block Her Republican Parents from Coming to President Obama's Inauguration
KATY PERRY'S parents are evangelical preachers . . . so not surprisingly, they're pretty hardcore conservative Republicans.
But in the new issue of "Marie Claire", Katy says that when they heard she was singing at PRESIDENT OBAMA'S most recent inauguration back in January, they were ALL ABOUT IT.
She says, quote, "They didn't vote for Obama . . . [but] they were like, 'We can come!' And I was like, 'No, you can't.' They understood, but I was like, 'How dare you?' in a way."
Adam Sandler is the Most Overpaid Actor of the Year
has named ADAM SANDLER the Most Overpaid Actor of 2013. For every dollar Adam is paid, his movies gross just $3.40.
The data was compiled before the release of this summer's "Grown Ups 2", which was a big hit. And he flopped pretty hard with his previous two movies, "Jack & Jill" and "That's My Boy".
Sandler is followed by Katherine Heigl, Reese Witherspoon, Nicolas Cage and Kevin James.
Justin Bieber Says He's Just a "19-Year-Old Boy"
We talk a lot about JUSTIN BIEBER drinking, smoking pot, hitting clubs and partying with women of questionable virtue all over the world. But apparently, it's all because he's just a kid trying to FIND HIMSELF.
And by holding him accountable for all the stuff he does, we're HURTING HIS FEELINGS.
Justin was on RYAN SEACREST'S radio show hyping his new movie "Believe", and he explained how he's still JUST A BOY.
He said, quote, "People don't get to see me, and that I'm really a 19-year-old boy. I'm becoming a man but I'm still 19, I'm still finding myself and when I have the media attacking me every day, it's no less bullying than what happens in schools."
"I think this movie really shows who I am as a person . . . I make mistakes growing up. I'm not perfect; I'm not a robot. People forget I'm a human being [and] I have to make mistakes and grow stronger."
Danica Patrick Is Happy That Trace Adkins Is Her Cohost for
's ACAs
A lot of people were surprised when DANICA PATRICK was announced as TRACE ADKINS' cohost at the "American Country Awards". Even she was a little shocked when the producers offered her the job.
Even though she's been on TV a million times, this is uncharted territory for her. She says, quote, "I don't think hosting dinner at my house really counts."
What helped seal the deal is that she won't be flying solo. She says, quote, "With a guy like Trace who's done it for a few years and is such a cool, relaxed guy and so well-known and respected in the industry, and he has a great personality.
"We're going to have fun. I'm looking forward to it."
The ACAs will air
tonight at 8:00 P.M.
on Fox.
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Withdrawal from the University
Students not returning to Graceland for the next semester or term, including graduating students, are required to officially initiate the withdrawal process. Lamoni Campus students withdrawing or not returning to Graceland must formally notify Student Life of intent to withdraw and initiate the withdrawal process in the Student Life Office (MSC, room 17). Students from other programs withdrawing or not returning to Graceland must formally notify their program advisor or site coordinator of intent to withdraw and initiate the withdrawal process.
Refund of the institutional deposit balance, net of any outstanding charges and contingent upon successful initiation of the withdrawal process and completion of the checkout process, will be mailed to the student's home address as soon as processing can be completed at the end of the semester or term.
Individual policies for Course Withdrawal may vary by program. Withdrawal from courses after the last day to withdraw will follow the standard Refund Policy. Contact your Program Advisor, the Registrar's Office, or Student Financial Services with specific questions.