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|Back to Main Print This Page Email to a Friend
|Normal anatomy
There are two carotid arteries, one on each side of the neck. In turn, the left and right carotid arteries each branch into an internal and external division. The carotid arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the head and brain.
When the carotid arteries become blocked with cholesterol plaques (atherosclerotic plaques), blood flow to the brain is compromised. Also, small pieces of plaque can break off and block small arteries in the brain. This blockage of the blood vessels can cause transient-ischemic attacks and strokes.
While you are deep asleep (under anesthesia) and pain-free, an incision is made in the neck, over the blocked carotid artery. A tube is inserted above and below the blockage to temporarily re-direct the blood flow. Fat and cholesterol build-ups are removed from the carotid artery (endarterectomy). The artery is stitched (sutured) closed, the tube is removed, and the incision is closed.
A normal hospital stay is 1 - 3 days after surgery. Avoid bending the neck sharply in any direction.


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Did You Know?: The default Mac OS X (I'm on version 10.4.11) screensaver picture slideshow function can read an alpha channel in a .gif file. That is to say, as the slideshow plays your images, a .gif with an alpha channel will appear to be "on top" of the previous image, and as the slideshow goes on, the .gifs will continue to "layer" on until an image of a different format is displayed, which has a default white or black background.
So what?
Take advantage of the randomizing function to create some home-made screensaver machinima art!
The animation above is a sample implementation: The NEW Office Party Screensaver from FATLAB.
In the spirit of Men of the Internet, this screensaver is a series of carefully-sliced 800×600 .gifs, sourced from the faces of the hardest working local board members, regional vice presidents, administrative assistants, and other fruitful regular-dude-generating search terms on the internet. The .gifs layer over one another to hybridize these generic gentlemen into a randomly-generated ultimate budget-balancing force of suits. Its dudes! (<-- math joke)
Click here to download a small .zip file of the .gifs. Point your screensaver to it and set your preferences like this:
And you're all set! Never not working, brought to you by the FATLAB.
The expressions published in this site are all in the public domain. You may enjoy, use, modify, snipe about and republish all F.A.T. media and technologies as you see fit.

subset: commoncrawl


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A Regional Centre of Medical Education in East Africa
The "brain drain" of medical professionals from developing to developed countries hampers the delivery of quality health programmes in many developing countries, but its cause is not simply the attraction of better paying jobs abroad. The quality of the equipment and the facilities, the availability of advanced training, and opportunities for research and career advancement also play a role in retention. More


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Yah, that's right.
Yah, that's right.
Do you know what a hipster even is?
I am part of a degenerate elite
Dragging our society into the street
Last edited by Dulce; 09-29-2012 at 05:36 PM. Reason: Hilarious.
If you mean that he was cool before being cool was cool, then yes.
3. a person, especially during the 1950s, characterized by a particularly strong sense of alienation from most established social activities and relationships.
Yes. He is exactly that.
...and the cool thing is that almost nobody cares in this thread.
If I said he was a hippie would you guys slash me?
Weird times we are living in...
Do you know what a hippie is?
I am part of a degenerate elite
Dragging our society into the street
I'm not voting until I find out what a hipster is, but I think it's a bad thing. At least, from what I've heard.
*looks it up* (according to internet definitions, which I'm not sure I want to trust) Haha hah! Yeah, okay. Greg K...hispter. Still not sure what it means, but Greg K basically says F you to trends and wears and does whatever he wants.
Last edited by Melyssa Kennedy; 10-07-2012 at 01:00 AM.
Hahaha hah, I'm seriously laughing. Thanks for posting that photo; it's so ridiculous! XD
I said, "Hi, Greg. I'm the creepy girl." He chuckled, then wanted a handshake and I gave it. I wanted a hug and he gave it. One of his sons was there, too. Cute. Then Pete got him to autograph my sign for me because I was too polite to ask myself since he was on his way to eat. Pete also took this of photo of him holding it. - 8/2/2014.
Our official webpage: http://offspringunderground.com/


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May 6, 2016
The driver of an overturned pickup truck is facing drug charges after lawmen say they found controlled substances in and around his vehicle.
The accident happened last night around 7:20 p.m. on Highway 33 near Dixon Road, east of Chocowinity. Deputies say they found some four ounces of marijuana, nine Oxycodone pills and assorted drug paraphernalia around the crash site.
In addition to a DWI charge by state troopers, William Jefferson, Jr. has been charged by deputies with trafficking opium or heroin, possession with intent to sell and deliver marijuana, felony possession of marijuana, maintaining a vehicle for keeping and selling a controlled substance and possession of drug paraphernalia.
The 54-year-old Jefferson was jailed on a $29,000 secured bond.
Previous Story
Beaufort County emergency crews were on the scene of a single vehicle accident where a pickup truck ended up on its side in the woods.
The accident happened just after 7:00 p.m. on Highway 33 east in Beaufort County near the intersection with Boyd Drive and is causing traffic delays on that stretch of roadway.
The Beaufort County Sheriff's Office and Chocowinity Fire Department were on the scene directing traffic.
Highway Patrol is investigating the accident and says there were no injuries.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
For the first time ever, every county in Maine has free summer meal sites for kids. It's a feat that's taken decades to achieve, since the federal Summer Food Service Program began in the late 60s. But even in 2013, advocates say, lack of awareness is the biggest barrier between hungry kids and free summer meals. Patty Wight reports.
Sadiyo Jama brings her four children to this summer meal program at a Portland housing project.
There are lots of different ways to quantify hunger in Maine: We have the seventh highest rate of hunger in the nation. One in four Maine children are food insecure - which means they sometimes go without meals. And of the 83,000 children who qualify for free or reduced meals, just 16 percent use summer meal programs.
But despite these statistics, Joel Berg of the New York City Coalition Against Hunger says not everyone recognizes the extent of Maine's hunger problem.
"A lot of Mainers are in denial. They think, oh, we're unique. We're self reliant New Englanders. We don't have these problems," Berg says. "The truth is, all Americans, including tough New Englanders, need help sometimes, and we're all in this together. And you see that here in Maine - that there is a very serious problem. And it's not just one part of the state. It's every single county of the state."
Berg is based in New York City, but he works across the U.S. to fight hunger. Three years ago his organization helped launch an anti-hunger Americorps VISTA program to establish more summer meal sites across the country. Berg was in Cumberland County Monday to visit some of the new sites in Maine.
"Even though the federal government funds these meals, you need the infrastructure, you need the parks, you need the recreation programs, you need the help from school districts, which are understaffed over the summer," he says. "So the VISTAS are really the glue that's holding together all these parts to make sure kids are fed each day."
"What we've learned is that starting these summer meals just takes some good old-fashioned elbow grease," says Donna Yellen, the director of the Preble Street Maine Hunger Initiative. She says VISTA members fanned out into Maine communities to find sponsors, which are often school districts. That's the case in Portland, where Ron Adams is Food Service Director for the city's public schools.
"Creating the food, getting it to the site is the easy part," Adams says. "Actually getting kids out there so they're aware of it - that's the hard part of this mission."
The food part is easy, says Adams, because as long as the program is managed well, the federal reimbursement fully covers meal and administrative costs. Right now Maine receives just over $1million in reimbursement for the summer meals it provides. But if the state was reaching all the children in need, it would receive over $11 million.
The trick is providing meals in places where you're most likely to find kids in the summer - like parks, pools, or a local beach. This new site in Portland is in a housing complex. Sadiyo Jama started bringing her four children two weeks ago after hearing about the program. Today they're eating beef stew.
"Just, my kids like, they come, new friends meet, and they play, and they read books," she says. "So excited."
About 16 to 25 kids a day come to this site for meals, and organizers are starting to incorporate games like bingo and story time to encourage more.
But other sites in Maine don't need those incentives. Heather Zimmerman is an Americorps VISTA member who helped establish five new summer meal sites in the Oxford Hills area.
"In the first two weeks of the program, we served an average of 1,000 meals per week," Zimmerman says. "And a lot it still - it grows day-by-day at a lot of these sites."
Organizers say the traditional academic "summer slide" applies to nutrition as well. Getting more kids healthy meals in the summer, they say, will pay dividends in the school year.
Photo: Patty Wight


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Bauerfeind ManuTrain Wrist Support
|Eligible for Free 2-Day Shipping on Select Items! (see promotion details)
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|Members of The League get 5% back when you spend $100! (see promotion details)
Product Details
The Bauerfeind MANUTRAIN left wrist support is designed to help provide relief from the pain and instabilities of your wrist and can be used to help with carpal tunnel syndrome, pre and post-operative inflammatory conditions, Tenosynovitis, and wrist dislocation.
- Knitted joint support stabilizes the wrist through controlled compression
- Removable thermoplastic stay help provide therapeutic positioning when indicated and may also be contoured to the individual
- VELCRO® brand closure strap may be applied when additional support or stabilization is needed
- Silicone inserts leave radius and ulna pressure-free and provide intermittent compression to the soft tissue of the joint, leading to increased circulation, thus aiding in the resorption of swelling and edema
- Promotes proprioception, thus heightening sensory awareness in the wrist for increased joint stabilization
- Anatomical knit with graduated compression at the edges to prevent constriction of circulation
- Lightweight, breathable knit will not retain heat and is completely machine washable
Size: Circumference in Inches
1:5 1/2 - 6 in.
2:6 - 6 1/4 in.
3:6 1/4 - 6 3/4 in.
4:6 3/4 - 7 in.
5:7 - 7 1/2 in.
6:7 1/2 - 7 3/4 in.
- Size is determined by loosely measuring the circumference of the wrist across the bony prominences
Product Recommendations
Product Reviews
Reviewed by 2 customers
Sort by
Comments about Bauerfeind USA Bauerfeind ManuTrain Wrist Support:
I use one of these wrist supports on each wrist daily to help with swelling, pain and weakness in my wrists due to rheumatoid arthritis. They help support even without the Velcro. The best things about them is that they are easy to get on, fit under my sleeves, and don't need the Velcro which pulls my clothes. Unfortunately, they are a bit difficult to get off if your fingers are also impaired. I prefer the comfort of these to the many different styles of supports Ive found. Just wish they were a bit less expensive so I could have an extra pair for wash time!
- Comfortable
- Easy To Use
- Effective
- Stabilizes
- Would Order Again
Best Uses
- Daily Use
- Extra Support
Comments about Bauerfeind USA Bauerfeind ManuTrain Wrist Support:
Use ever day at work . Product is made beautiful and fit really good
- Was this a gift?:
- Yes


text:
- Oct 9:
- Moderator Jim Lehrer says he got the candidates talking in the debate
- Oct 5:
- Obama, Romney get last digs in before leaving Denver
- Debate showed contrasts but 'undecideds' are still the real prize
- Twitter commentary drives debate discussion, but will it last?
- Oct 4:
- No protesters arrested at DU presidential debate
- Taking stock of claims made during Obama-Romney debate in Denver
- Debate coaches weigh in on how Obama and Romney fared
- Romney had the best night of campaign, Obama "fell flat," experts say
- Coloradans have much to take away from the candidates
- Romney repeatedly batters Obama in presidential debate at DU
- Oct 3:
- Some questions still unanswered for Colorado's undecided voters following presidential debate
- Politics take back seat to music, fun at DU's DebateFest
- DebateFest 2012: Did the pre-debate party on the DU campus succeed?
Despite the lurching economic recovery, the Allstate-National Journal Heartland Monitor Poll — released Wednesday morning, hours ahead of the first presidential debate in Denver — suggests Americans feel a restrained optimism about the future.
The quarterly survey measures Americans' sentiments on economic and public policies. It was conducted by landline and cellphone Sept. 15-19 with a sample of 1,055 likely voters.
The survey provides compelling insight into American public opinion regarding the economy, upward mobility and the government's role as it relates to individual opportunity. While 76 percent report that they have been able to "get ahead" financially over the course of their lives, only 56 percent think that most Americans are able to get ahead.
DU Presidential Debate
- Complete DU Presidential debate coverage.
- View images from Wednesday's presidential debate between Mitt Romney and Barack Obama in Denver.
- View images from Wednesday ahead of the presidential debate.
- View images from Spin Alley.
- View an archive of election 2012 images.
- Watch: What is "Spin Alley".
- Watch video from the debate.
- Follow: Running transcript as Obama, Romney square off.
"There is a very strong belief in their autonomous self-industry," said Edward Reilly, a lead researcher on the poll and chief executive of FTI Consulting.
This restrained optimism is also accompanied by diminished expectations. The definition of what it means to "get ahead" also appears to be shifting. Fifty-one percent now define success as holding a job, paying bills, avoiding debt and saving a little for the future, versus defining it as steady income increases, buying a home or investing more year-over-year.
"It's a very logical and rational response to a long-term downturn," said Joan Walker, researcher and executive vice president of corporate relations for Allstate.
Asked whether the country is better off because President Barack Obama won in 2008, 47 percent said it is better with Obama, while 40 percent believe it would have been better if someone else had won. That is a significant increase over the 41-41 percent split in the December 2011 poll.
The survey's results show a significant difference between the sentiments of America's demographic groups.
African-Americans, Latinos and young adults age 18-29 are the most optimistic groups about the economy and personal finances, while whites and the elderly are the most pessimistic.
"The changing racial mix is really changing the bottom line of American public opinion," Reilly said.
The poll was released at a downtown Denver event attended by political analysts, Colorado Gov. John Hickenlooper and U.S. Rep. Diana DeGette, D-Colo., all of whom offered their insights. Ronald Brownstein of National Journal and Steve Clemons of The Atlantic moderated the political discussion.
Analysts agreed that the poll suggests a sobered American public that has an increasing optimism but that has become more pragmatic and is wanting sensible solutions from the candidates.
"You need to speak to the optimism that is at the core of the middle class," Reilly said. "When they hear the candidates talking about 'the middle class,' they hear them talking about other people, not them."
Kristen Leigh Painter: 303-954-1638, email@example.com or twitter.com/kristenpainter
A shifting definition of "getting ahead"
When Americans are asked what they associate with the idea of getting ahead, more are likely to relate the progress they've made within their own life rather than comparing their progress to their parents.
Getting Ahead Definitions:
57 percent - "doing better than you did in previous years"
24 percent - "doing better than their parents"
9 percent - "doing better than other Americans"
4 percent - "doing better than close associates like friends, neighbors, and co-workers"


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Presidential Range > Mount Madison > Climber's Log
Mount Madison Climber's Log
[ Sign the Climber's Log ]
|Long Slog
Date Climbed: Mar 9, 2010
|First time hiking with a heavy pack and snowshoes up the trail, challenging but fun!
|Posted Jun 6, 2012 12:07 am
|Long Slog
Date Climbed: Mar 9, 2010
|First time hiking with a heavy pack and snowshoes up the trail, challenging but fun!
|Posted Jun 6, 2012 12:07 am
Date Climbed: Jul 4, 2011
|Tried to catch the Gorham fireworks from the summit but was to late
|Posted Jul 22, 2011 12:08 am
Date Climbed: Jul 2, 2011
|via valley way
|Posted Jul 22, 2011 12:07 am
|Watson Path
Date Climbed: Jul 19, 2010
|One of my favorites.
|Posted May 17, 2011 10:39 am
|Madison, and more...
|Climbed it via different routes, in all different seasons (including, of course, as the first peak in a Southbound Presi Traverse), but I've never had a day when I've climbed only Madison.
|Posted Apr 5, 2011 12:40 am
|one of three routes
Date Climbed: May 27, 2010
|Madison is a classic, holds true to my heart.
|Posted Feb 10, 2011 4:24 am
|Second Time Successful
|Ascent via Madison Gulf trail; descent via Webster Scout trail. Aborted an earlier attempt in the late 1960's due to bad weather.
|Posted Jan 5, 2011 8:12 am
|nice views of the Carters
Date Climbed: Aug 17, 2010
|Hiked to the top with Darren and Zach from Madison Springs Hut. Quick and fun.
|Posted Oct 5, 2010 10:06 pm
|Madison Hut - Traverse
|Quick trip from the hut, whistling winds, back in time for late night chats with thru hikers.
|Posted Sep 7, 2010 10:13 pm
|Just below the clouds
Date Climbed: Jul 12, 2010
|Darkish clouds closing in, but great views
|Posted Jul 18, 2010 11:11 pm
|Back again a year later
Date Climbed: May 29, 2010
|This time, with no dog. I made it to the summit, down to the Madison hut, and then on to Mt Adams. I took the Parapet trail back after meeting a very pretty girl from New York at Star Lake who needed directions for the same trail I planned on using. Who was I to say no to having a pretty girl as a hiking buddy back down to the trailhead?
Great weather, no fog, hardly much wind, tons of little vampiric blood sucking black fruit flies, and a pretty girl for conversation down the mountain.
One great day!
|Posted May 31, 2010 4:28 am
|Presi Traverse
Date Climbed: Aug 19, 2009
|It's all down hill from here, I'm so not looking forward to that! A great trip.
|Posted Mar 13, 2010 4:09 am
|Great Day
Date Climbed: Jan 23, 2010
|Did as a part of the Presi Traverse.
|Posted Jan 25, 2010 4:01 pm
|Beautiful winter day
Date Climbed: Jan 23, 2010
|Climbed Madison via Valley Way from the Appalachia trailhead. Weather was a bit chilly but skies were crystal clear, not a cloud in sight!
|Posted Jan 24, 2010 4:37 pm
Date Climbed: Dec 5, 2009
|This was part of the Presidential traverse we did on that day.The climb up was very tough.We started at 3am and had to hike over much blowdown before reaching the treeline.This was amazing for me because this was my first trip to the Whites.The veiw from the summit was breathtaking.Imagine looking arcross the great gulf above all clouds over to the first veiw of the mighty Mt.Washington.It didn't take much for me to fall in love with these mountains.This is where it all began....Jim W
|Posted Dec 15, 2009 10:45 pm
|Start of Presidential Traverse
|Climbed as a 10 year old with my father from Pinkham Notch as the first part of a Presidential Traverse. Stayed in the Monroe hut. I remember some bouldery sections on the trail that were exciting for a 10 year old, probably less so today.
|Posted Sep 30, 2009 6:11 pm
|long ago
|Many years ago a buddy and I drove up. We took the daniel webster Trail/Great Gulf. Sorry I don't remember much about the trip except that we stayed at Dolly Copp and drank a lot of beer.
|Posted Sep 18, 2009 3:59 pm
|Posted Jul 30, 2009 1:11 am
|Summit bid called off by team member
Date Climbed: May 24, 2009
|I had just scrambled up the rock bed past the "Worst Weather in the United States" sign on the Daniel Webster trail when my team member decided to call off the bid for the summit. My team member? My small dog Shiro, an eskijack.
The day prior, he had scaled Imp Face with me and was doing very well up to the start of the alpine section towards Madison. About 50ft after the sign, he froze on a rock. I tried to coax him to come up, but nothing worked. I couldn't get him to come down either. He just froze, either with fear or fatigue.
Fearing for his safety over my ambitions, with him in one hand and the other carefully navigating my scramble down, I carried him down past the alpine to the trees below. It was probably good timing too, as a light rain started to fall on Madison, which could have made things slippery.
There will always be a next time.
|Posted May 26, 2009 3:07 am


text:
United Mexican States
Area: 1,972,500 sq. km. (761,600 sq. mi.); about three times the size of Texas.
Cities: Capital--Mexico City (13 million, 2000 census metro area). Other major cities--Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Ciudad Juarez, Tijuana, Acapulco, Merida, Leon, Veracruz.
Terrain: Coastal lowlands, central high plateaus, and mountains up to 5,400 m. (18,000 ft.).
Climate: Tropical to desert.
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Mexican(s).
Population (2000 census): 97.5 million.
Annual growth rate (net) 2000: 1.6%.
Ethnic groups: Indian-Spanish (mestizo) 60%, Indian 30%, Caucasian 9%, other 1%.
Religions: Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 6%, other 5%.
Language: Spanish.
Education: Years compulsory--12 (note: preschool education was made mandatory in Dec. 2001). Literacy--89.4%
Health (1996 est.): Infant mortality rate--31/1,000. Life expectancy--male 73 years; female 77 years.
Work force (1999, 41 million): Agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing--21.0%; services--32.2%; commerce--16.9%; manufacturing--18.7%; construction--5.6%; transportation and communication--4.5%; mining and quarrying--1.0%.
Type: Federal republic.
Independence: First proclaimed September 16, 1810; republic established 1824.
Constitution: February 5, 1917.
Branches: Executive--president (chief of state and head of government). Legislative--bicameral. Judicial--Supreme Court, local and federal systems.
Administrative subdivisions: 31 states and a federal district.
Political parties: Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), National Action Party (PAN), Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), Green Ecological Party (PVEM), Labor Party (PT), and several small parties. Suffrage: Universal at 18.
Nominal GDP (2001 est.): $557 billion.
Per Capita GDP (2001 est.): $5,300.
Annual real GDP growth 2001: (0%); 2000 (5.5%); 1999 (3.8%); 1998 (4.8%) Avg. real GDP growth (1998-2001): 3.5%.
Inflation rate (2001): (4.4%), 2000 (9.0%); 1999 (12.3%); 1998 (18.6%) 1997 (15.7%).
Natural resources: Petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber.
Agriculture (5% of GDP): Products--corn, beans, oilseeds, feed grains, fruit, cotton, coffee, sugarcane, winter vegetables. Industry (21% of GDP): Types--manufacturing, petroleum and mining.
Services (66.8% of GDP): Types--commerce and tourism (20.7%), transportation and communications (9.5%).
Trade (Jan.-Sept, 2001): Exports--$119 billion. Imports (Jan.-Sept, 2001)--$125 billion. Exports to U.S. (Jan.-Sept.2001)--$105 billion. Imports from U.S. (Jan.-Sept.2001)--$86 billion. Major markets (2001)--U.S. (in 2001 destination for 88% of Mexico's exports)U.S. (in 2001 source for 68% of Mexico's imports), EU, Japan, Canada, and China other significant trade partners. Export composition (est.)--manufactured products 90%, petroleum products 7%, agricultural products 3%. Import composition (est.)--intermediate goods 77%, capital goods 14%, and consumer goods 8%.
Mexico is the most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world and the second most-populous country in Latin America after Portuguese-speaking Brazil. About 70% of the people live in urban areas. Many Mexicans emigrate from rural areas that lack job opportunities--such as the underdeveloped southern states and the crowded central plateau--to the industrialized urban centers and the developing areas along the U.S.-Mexico border. According to some estimates, the population of the area around Mexico City is about 18 million, which would make it the largest concentration of population in the Western Hemisphere. Cities bordering on the United States--such as Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez--and cities in the interior--such as Guadalajara, Monterrey, and Puebla--have undergone sharp rises in population in recent years.
Although educational levels in Mexico have improved substantially in recent decades, the country still faces daunting problems. Education is one of the Government of Mexico's highest priorities. The education budget for 2000--$23 billion--represented a 6.8% increase over the previous year's figure and 23% more funding in real terms for education in 2000 than in 1994. Educational funding now represents 27% of the budget. Education in Mexico also is being decentralized from federal to state authority in order to improve accountability.
Education is mandatory from ages 6 through 18. In addition, the Mexican Congress voted in December of 2001 to make one year of preschool mandatory by 2004. The increase in school enrollments during the past two decades has been dramatic. By 1999, 94% of the population between the ages of 6 and 14 were enrolled in school. Primary, including preschool, enrollment totaled 17.2 million in 2000. Enrollment at the secondary public school level rose from 1.4 million in 1972 to 5.4 million in 2000. A rapid rise also occurred in higher education. Between 1959-2000 college enrollments rose from 62,000 to more than 2.0 million.
Highly developed cultures, including those of the Olmecs, Mayas, Toltecs, and Aztecs existed long before the Spanish conquest. Hernando Cortes conquered Mexico during the period 1519-21 and founded a Spanish colony that lasted nearly 300 years. Independence from Spain was proclaimed by Father Miguel Hidalgo on September 16, 1810; this launched a war for independence. An 1821 treaty recognized Mexican independence from Spain and called for a constitutional monarchy. The planned monarchy failed; a republic was proclaimed in December 1822 and established in 1824.
Prominent figures in Mexico's war for independence were Father Jose Maria Morelos; Gen. Augustin de Iturbide, who defeated the Spaniards and ruled as Mexican emperor from 1822-23; and Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana, who went on to control Mexican politics from 1833 to 1855. Santa Ana was Mexico's leader during the conflict with Texas, which declared itself independent from Mexico in 1836, and during Mexico's war with the United States (1846-48). The presidential terms of Benito Juarez (1858-71) were interrupted by the Hapsburg monarchy's rule of Mexico (1864-67). Archduke Maximilian of Austria, whom Napoleon III of France established as Emperor of Mexico, was deposed by Juarez and executed in 1867. Gen. Porfirio Diaz was president during most of the period between 1877 and 1911.
Mexico's severe social and economic problems erupted in a revolution that lasted from 1910-20 and gave rise to the 1917 constitution. Prominent leaders in this period--some of whom were rivals for power--were Francisco I. Madero, Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa, Alvaro Obregon, Victoriano Huerta, and Emiliano Zapata. The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), formed in 1929 under a different name, emerged as a coalition of interests after the chaos of the revolution as a vehicle for keeping political competition in peaceful channels. For 71 years, Mexico's national government had been controlled by the PRI, which had won every presidential race and most gubernatorial races until the July 2000 presidential election of Vicente Fox Quesada of the National Action Party (PAN).
The 1917 constitution provides for a federal republic with powers separated into independent executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Historically, the executive is the dominant branch, with power vested in the president, who promulgates and executes the laws of the Congress. The Congress has played an increasingly important role since 1997 when opposition parties first made major gains. The president also legislates by executive decree in certain economic and financial fields, using powers delegated from the Congress. The president is elected by universal adult suffrage for a 6-year term and may not hold office a second time. There is no vice president; in the event of the removal or death of the president, a provisional president is elected by the Congress.
The Congress is composed of a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies. Consecutive re-election is prohibited. Senators are elected to 6-year terms, and deputies serve 3-year terms. The Senate's 128 seats are filled by a mixture of direct-election and proportional representation. In the lower chamber, 300 deputies are directly elected to represent single-member districts, and 200 are selected by a modified form of proportional representation from five electoral regions. The 200 proportional representation seats were created to help smaller parties gain access to the Chamber.
The judiciary is divided into federal and state court systems, with federal courts having jurisdiction over most civil cases and those involving major felonies. Under the constitution, trial and sentencing must be completed within 12 months of arrest for crimes that would carry at least a 2-year sentence. In practice, the judicial system often does not meet this requirement. Trial is by judge, not jury, in most criminal cases. Defendants have a right to counsel, and public defenders are available. Other rights include defense against self-incrimination, the right to confront one's accusers, and the right to a public trial. Supreme Court justices are appointed by the president and approved by the Senate.
Principal Government Officials
President--Vicente FOX Quesada
Foreign Secretary--Jorge CASTA�EDA Gutman
Ambassador to the U.S.--Juan Jose BREMER Martino
Ambassador to the United Nations--Adolfo AGUILAR Zinser
Ambassador to the OAS--Miguel RUIZ Caba�as
Mexico maintains an embassy in the United States at 1911 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20006 (tel. 202-728-1600). Consular offices are located at 2827 - 16th St. NW, 20009 (tel. 202-736-1012), and the trade office is co-located at the embassy (tel. 202-728-1686).
Besides its embassy, Mexico maintains 48 diplomatic offices in the U.S. Consulates general are located in Chicago, Dallas, Denver, El Paso, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Antonio, San Diego, and San Francisco; consulates are (partial listing) in Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, Philadelphia, Seattle, St. Louis, and Tucson.
On July 2, 2000, Vicente Fox Quesada of the opposition "Alliance for Change" coalition, headed by the National Action Party (PAN), was elected president, in what are considered to have been the freest and fairest elections in Mexico's history. Fox began his 6-year term on December 1, 2000. His victory ended the Institutional Revolutionary Party's (PRI) 71-year hold on the presidency.
The Mexican Congress is a plural institution that is playing an increasingly important role in Mexico's democratic transition. No single party holds an absolute majority in either house of Congress.
Recent Elections
The July 2, 2000, elections marked the first time since the 1910-17 Mexican Revolution that the opposition defeated the party in government. Vicente Fox won the election with 43% of the vote, followed by PRI candidate Francisco Labastida with 36%, and Cuauhtemoc Cardenas of the Democratic Revolution Party (PRD) with 17%. Despite some isolated incidents of irregularities and problems, there was no evidence of systematic attempts to manipulate the elections or their results, and critics concluded that the irregularities that occurred did not alter the outcome of the presidential vote. Civic organizations fielded more than 80,000 trained electoral observers; foreigners--many from the United States--were invited to witness the process, and numerous independent "quick count" operations and exit polls validated the official vote tabulation.
Numerous electoral reforms implemented since 1989 aided in the opening of the Mexican political system, and opposition parties have made historic gains in elections at all levels. Many of the current electoral concerns have shifted from outright fraud to campaign fairness issues. During 1995-96 the political parties negotiated constitutional amendments to address these issues. Implementing legislation included major points of consensus that had been worked out with the opposition parties. The thrust of the new laws has public financing predominate over private contributions to political parties, tightens procedures for auditing the political parties, and strengthens the authority and independence of electoral institutions. The court system also was given greatly expanded authority to hear civil rights cases on electoral matters brought by individuals or groups. In short, the extensive reform efforts have "leveled the playing field" for the parties.
Even before the new electoral law was passed, opposition parties had obtained an increasing voice in Mexico's political system. A substantial number of candidates from opposition parties had won election to the Chamber of Deputies and Senate. As a result of the 2000 elections, the Congress is more diverse than ever. In the Chamber, 209 seats belong to the PRI, 207 to the PAN, 52 to the PRD, 16 for the Green Party, and the remaining 16 are split among four smaller parties and two independents. In the 128-seat Senate, the upper house of Congress, the PRI still holds the most seats at 60, but the PAN holds 46, the PRD 15, the Greens 5, and two smaller parties each have one seat. Senators serve 6 years in office and Deputies 3 years; neither can be elected to consecutive terms.
Although the PRI no longer controls the Presidency, it remains a significant force in Mexican politics. In gubernatorial contests since the 2000 presidential election, the PRI retained only one state house of five it had held previously. However, in state congressional and mayoral contests since July 2000, the PRI has fared better than the PAN.
Other Reforms
Constitutional and legal changes have been adopted in recent years to improve the performance and accountability of the Supreme Court and the Office of the Attorney General and the administration of federal courts. The Supreme Court, relieved of administrative duties for lower courts, was given responsibilities for judicial review of certain categories of law and legislation. A variety of laws also was passed in 1995-96 to help control organized crime.
An unresolved sociopolitical conflict exists in the southernmost state of Chiapas. In January 1994, insurgents in the state of Chiapas briefly took arms against the government, protesting alleged oppression and governmental indifference to poverty. After 12 days of fighting, a cease-fire was negotiated that remains in effect. Since 1994 sporadic clashes have continued to occur between armed civilian groups, usually over disputed land claims.
As a presidential candidate, Fox promised to renew dialogue with the EZLN and address unresolved problems in the state. Following his inauguration, he ordered many troops out of Chiapas, dismantled roadblocks, closed military bases, and submitted revised peace accords to Congress. In August 2001, the peace accords became law, after having been passed by Congress and ratified by more than half of the state legislatures.
Since August, numerous legal challenges to the accords have been filed, and the Fox Administration has on more than one occasion suggested that modifications may be necessary.
Mexico's armed forces number about 225,000. The army makes up about three-fourths of that total. The navy is a completely autonomous cabinet agency and as such there is no joint chief of staff position. Principal military roles include national defense, narcotics control, and civic action assignments such as roadbuilding, search and rescue, and disaster relief.
Mexico is highly dependent on exports to the U.S., which account for almost a quarter of the country's GDP. The result is that the Mexican economy is strongly linked to the U.S. business cycle. With the downturn in the U.S. economy in 2001, there was little or no growth in Mexico in 2001. Depending on the strength of the recovery in the U.S. in 2002, growth in Mexico in 2002 will probably be between 1%-1.5%.
Mexican trade policy is among the most open in the world, with Free Trade Agreements with the U.S., Canada, the EU, and many other countries. Since the 1994 devaluation Mexican governments have improved the country's macroeconomic fundamentals. Moody's (in March 2000) and Fitch IBCA (in January 2002) have issued investment-grade ratings for Mexico's sovereign debt. The upgrade from Fitch IBCA was based in part on the determination that Mexico has not been significantly affected by "contagion" from Argentina's debt crisis.
Mexico is one of the world's most trade dependent countries, and it is particularly dependent on trade with the U.S, which buys approximately 85% of its exports. Top U.S. exports to Mexico include motor vehicle parts, electronic equipment, and agricultural products. Top Mexican exports to the U.S. include petroleum, cars, and electronic equipment. There is considerable intra-company trade.
Mexico is an active and constructive participant in World Trade Organization (WTO) matters, including in the launching of the Doha trade round. The Mexican Government and many businesses support a Free Trade Area of the Americas.
Given the overall size of trade between Mexico and the United States, there are remarkably few trade disputes, involving relatively small dollar amounts. These disputes are generally settled in WTO or NAFTA panels or through negotiations between the two countries. The most significant areas of friction involve trucking, sugar, high fructose corn syrup, and a number of other agricultural products.
Mexico's agrarian reform program began in 1917, when the government began distribution of land to farmers. Extended further in the 1930s, delivery of land to peasants continued into the 1960s and 1970s at varying rates. This cooperative agrarian reform, which guaranteed small farmers a means of subsistence livelihood, also caused land fragmentation and lack of capital investment, since commonly held land could not be used as collateral. Regionally poor soils, several recent years of low rainfall, and rural population growth have made it difficult to raise the productivity and living standards of Mexico's subsistence farmers.
There have been programs that provide money to pay off loans and help banks with their debt burdens. While high credit costs are still a major problem impeding agricultural development, the burden of debt has been reduced. High interest rates for loans have compounded the difficulty for producers, and the 1994 peso crisis exacerbated the decline in productivity. Agriculture accounted for 5.8% of GDP in 1999.
In an effort to raise rural productivity and living standards, Article 27 of the Mexican Constitution was amended in 1992 to allow for the transfer of communal land to the farmers cultivating it. They then could rent or sell it, opening the way for larger farms and economies of scale. By early 1996, however, only six farmers' cooperatives had voted to dissolve themselves, perhaps because the government provides subsidies for communal land seeded by farmers. (The subsidy was 708 pesos per hectare in 1999-2000 and 829 pesos per hectare in 2000-01.) Since communal land use is formally reviewed only every 2 years, privatization of these communal lands may continue to be very slow.
In the past, the government encouraged production of basic crops such as corn and beans by maintaining support prices. In order to stimulate its agricultural sector, Mexico is restructuring its support price scheme. The government in 1996 crafted federal-to-state agreements targeted at each states' most urgent needs, with the goal of increasing the use of modern equipment and technology in order to increase per-acre productivity. In addition to this new initiative, the government is continuing PROCAMPO, the rural support program which provides the approximately 3.5 million farmers who produce basic commodities--about 64% of all farmers--with a fixed payment per hectare of cropland.
Manufacturing and Foreign Investment
Manufacturing accounts for about 22% of GDP and grew by 9.4% in 2000. Manufacturing probably fell or was stagnant in 2001 because exports to the U.S. probably fell. Construction grew by almost 7% in 2000 but was probably stagnant in 2001.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) presents a bright picture in the Mexican economy. In 2000, Mexico was the largest recipient of FDI ($22.5 billion) in Latin America. Net U.S. FDI in Mexico in 2000 was $3.2 billion, and the 2000 U.S. stock of FDI in Mexico was $34.5 billion (U.S. BEA numbers). U.S. FDI is concentrated in the manufacturing (mostly maquiladora or in-bond plants) and financial sectors. Final numbers for 2001 have not been published; the largest U.S. investment in 2001 was Citigroup's $12.2 billion acquisition of Banamex. This investment was the main reason Mexico received more FDI than Brazil in 2001.
Oil and Gas
In 2000 Mexico was the world's fifth-largest oil producer, its 10th- largest oil exporter, and the fourth-largest supplier of oil to the United States. Oil and gas revenues are expected to provide about one-third of all Mexican Government revenues in 2002.
Mexico's state-owned oil company, Pemex, holds a constitutionally established monopoly for the exploration, production, transportation, and marketing of the nation's oil. Since 1995, private investment in natural gas transportation, distribution, and storage has been permitted, but Pemex remains in sole control of natural gas exploration and production.
Transportation and Communications
Mexico's land transportation network is one of the most extensive in Latin America. More than 4,000 kilometers (2,400 mi.) of four-lane highway have been built through government concessions to private sector contractors since 1989, of which 3,500 kilometers (2,100 mi.) have been constructed since 1994. The 26,622 kilometers (16,268 mi.) of government-owned railroads in Mexico have been privatized through the sale of 50-year operating concessions.
Tampico and Veracruz, on the Gulf of Mexico, are Mexico's two primary seaports. Recognizing that the low productivity of Mexico's 108 ports poses a threat to trade development, the government has steadily been privatizing port operations to improve their efficiency. A number of international airlines serve Mexico, with direct or connecting flights from most major cities in the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, and Latin America. Most Mexican regional capitals and resorts have direct air services to Mexico City or the United States. Airport privatization, based on Mexico's successful experience with seaports, is nearly complete.
Several large U.S. telecommunications firms are active in Mexico. AT&T is partnered with Alestra while Worldcom maintains a minority share of Avantel. SBC works closely in Mexico with its partner, Telmex. Shares of Telmex, Mexico's incumbent dominant carrier, also are traded on the New York Stock Exchange. Competition in the sector has been hampered by the inability of Mexico's telecommunications regulator to enforce dominant carrier regulations, with regulation largely provided through a series of private agreements among the three largest carriers. This has negative implications for U.S. investors in the sector, although there are no reported barriers to exports of U.S. telecommunications goods and services. The teledensity rate in Mexico (around 13%) is among the lowest in Latin America. Mexico's satellite service sector was opened to competition, including limited foreign direct investment, in 2001.
Traditionally, the Government of Mexico has sought to maintain its interests abroad and project its influence largely through moral persuasion. In particular, Mexico champions the principles of nonintervention and self-determination. In its efforts to revitalize its economy and open up to international competition, Mexico has sought closer relations with the U.S., western Europe, and the Pacific Basin. While the United States and Mexico are often in agreement on foreign policy issues, some differences remain--in particular, relations with Cuba. The U.S. and Mexico agree on the ultimate goal of establishing a democratic, free-market regime in Cuba but disagree on tactics to reach that goal. Fox has promised to more actively promote international human rights and democracy and increase Mexico's participation in international affairs.
Mexico actively participates in several international organizations. It currently holds a seat on the UN Security Council (2002-03). It is a supporter of the United Nations and Organization of American States systems and also pursues its interests through a number of ad hoc international bodies. Mexico has been selective in its membership in other international organizations. It declined, for example, to become a member of Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Nevertheless, Mexico does seek to diversify its diplomatic and economic relations, as demonstrated by its accession to GATT in 1986; its joining APEC in 1993; becoming, in April 1994, the first Latin American member of the OECD; and a founding member of the World Trade Organization in 1996. Mexico attended the 1994 Summit of the Americas, held in Miami, and managed coordination of the agenda item on education for the 1998 Summit of the Americas in Santiago, Chile.
U.S. relations with Mexico are as important and complex as with any country in the world. A stable, democratic, and economically prosperous Mexico is fundamental to U.S. interests. U.S. relations with Mexico have a direct impact on the lives and livelihoods of millions of Americans--whether the issue is trade and economic reform, drug control, migration, or the promotion of democracy. The U.S. and Mexico are partners in NAFTA, and enjoy a rapidly developing trade relationship.
The scope of U.S.-Mexican relations goes far beyond diplomatic and official contacts; it entails extensive commercial, cultural, and educational ties, as demonstrated by the annual figure of nearly 340 million legal crossings from Mexico to the United States in the fiscal year 1999. In addition, more than a half-million American citizens live in Mexico. More than 2,600 U.S. companies have operations there, and the U.S. accounts for 60% of all foreign direct investment in Mexico. Along the 2,000-mile shared border, state and local governments interact closely.
There is frequent contact at the highest levels, including telephone calls. President Bush's announced visit in March 2002 to Monterrey is the latest in a series of personal meetings that includes President Bush's April 2001 visit to Guanajuato and President Fox's state visit to the U.S. in September 2001.
Since 1981, the management of the broad array of U.S.-Mexico issues has been formalized in the U.S.-Mexico Binational Commission, composed of numerous U.S. cabinet members and their Mexican counterparts. The commission holds annual plenary meetings, and many subgroups meet during the course of the year to discuss trade and investment opportunities, financial cooperation, consular issues and migration, legal affairs and anti-narcotics cooperation, cultural relations, education, energy, border affairs, environment and natural resources, labor, agriculture, health, housing and urban development, transportation, fisheries, tourism, and science and technology. The commission met most recently in June 2001 in Washington.
A strong partnership with Mexico is critical to controlling the flow of illicit drugs into the United States. The U.S. has certified Mexico as fully cooperating in this effort based on the level of cooperation on counternarcotics and Mexico's own initiatives in fighting drug trafficking. The U.S. will continue working with Mexico to help ensure that Mexico's cooperation and anti-drug efforts grow even stronger. The U.S. and Mexico continue to cooperate on narcotics interdiction, demand reduction, and eradication.
Border and Environmental Affairs
Cooperation between the United States and Mexico along the 2,000-mile common border includes state and local problem-solving mechanisms; transportation planning; and institutions to address resource, environment, and health issues. In 1993, the Border Liaison Mechanism (BLM) was established; now 10 BLMs chaired by U.S. and Mexican consuls operate in "sister city" pairs. BLMs have proven to be effective means of dealing with a variety of local issues ranging from accidental violation of sovereignty by law enforcement officials and charges of mistreatment of foreign nationals to coordination of port security and cooperation in public health matters such as tuberculosis. The BLMs form an integral part of the "New Border Vision."
As the number of people and the volume of cargo crossing the U.S.-Mexico border grow, so, too, does the need for coordinated infrastructure development. The multi-agency U.S.-Mexico Binational Group on Bridges and Border Crossings meets twice yearly to improve the efficiency of existing crossings and coordinate planning for new ones. The 10 U.S. and Mexican Border States have become active participants in these meetings.
The United States and Mexico have a history of cooperation on environmental and natural resource issues, particularly in the border area, where there are serious environmental problems caused by rapid population growth, urbanization, and industrialization. Cooperative activities between the U.S. and Mexico take place under a number of agreements such as:
- An 1889 convention establishing the International Boundary Commission, reconstituted by the Water Treaty of 1944 as the International Boundary and Water Commission, United States and Mexico (IBWC). The IBWC has settled many difficult U.S.-Mexico boundary and water problems, including the regularization of the Rio Grande near El Paso through the 1967 Chamizal settlement. The IBWC divides the use of international waters, builds and operates water conservation and flood control projects, and constructs and maintains boundary markers on the land boundary and on international bridges. In recent years, the IBWC has worked to resolve longstanding border sanitation problems, to monitor the quantity and quality of border waters, and to address water delivery and sedimentation problems of the Colorado River. Current issues include Mexico's water debt to the U.S. on the Rio Grande, ecology of the Colorado River Delta, shared wastewater treatment facilities in San Diego/Tijuana, and the impact on Mexican groundwater sources which may be caused by the lining of the All-American Canal.
- A series of agreements on border health (since 1942), wildlife and migratory birds (since 1936), national parks, forests, marine and atmospheric resources. In July of 2000, the U.S. and Mexico signed an agreement to establish a binational Border Health Commission. The Border Health Commission held its inaugural meeting in November 2000.
- The 1983 La Paz Agreement to protect and improve the border environment and Border XXI, a binational, interagency planning program, begun in 1996, to address environmental, natural resource, and environmental health concerns in the border area. The U.S. and Mexico have initiated discussion to develop a new border environmental program that will build on the progress of Border XXI while enhancing decentralization and stakeholders' involvement.
- The 1993 North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), creating the North American Commission on Environmental Cooperation under NAFTA by the U.S., Mexico, and Canada, to improve enforcement of environmental laws and to address common environmental concerns.
- A November 1993 agreement between the U.S. and Mexico, also related to NAFTA, establishing the Border Environment Cooperation Commission (BECC) which works with local communities to develop and certify environmental infrastructure projects such as wastewater treatment plants, drinking water systems, and solid waste disposal facilities. The sister organization, the North American Development Bank (NADBank), uses capital and grant funds contributed by partner governments to help finance border environmental infrastructure projects certified by the BECC. BECC has certified more than 40 environment infrastructure projects, 35 of which are now built or are under construction. In November 2000, the BECC's role was expanded to include hazardous waste and water conservation projects.
Charge/Deputy Chief of Mission--John Dickson
Minister Counselor for Political Affairs--J. Christian Kennedy
Minister Counselor for Economic Affairs--Deborah Schwartz
Minister Counselor for Public Diplomacy--Jefferson Brown
Minister Counselor for Consular Affairs--Robyn M. Bishop
Minister Counselor for Commercial Affairs--Jerry Mitchell
Minister Counsel for Administrative Affairs--Frederick R. Cook
Consul General--Laura Clerici
Counselor for Labor Affairs--Earl Irving
Counselor for Scientific and Technological Affairs--Dana M. Weant
The U.S. Embassy in Mexico is located at Paseo de la Reforma 305, 06500 Mexico, DF. U.S. Mailing Address: Box 3087, Laredo, Texas 78044-3087, Tel. (from the U.S.): (011) (52) 555-080-2000. Internet: http://www.usembassy-mexico.gov
The embassy and the 19 other U.S. Consulates General, Consulates, and consular agents provide a range of services to American students, tourists, business people, and residents throughout Mexico.
U.S. Consulates General, Consulates, and Officials
Consulate General, Ciudad Juarez--Edward Vazquez
Address: Avenida Lopez Mateos 924-N, 32000 Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua
U.S. Postal Address: Box 10545, El Paso, Texas 79995-0545
Tel. (from the U.S.): (011)(52) 656-611-3000
Consulate General, Guadalajara--Elizabeth Swope
Address: Progreso 175, 44100, Guadalajara, Jalisco
U.S. Postal Address: Box 3088, Laredo, Texas 78044-3088
Tel.: (011)(52) 333-825-2998
Consulate General, Monterrey--John Ritchie
Address: Avenida Constitution 411 Poniente, 64000 Monterrey, Nuevo Leon
U.S. Postal Address: Box 3098, Laredo, Texas 78044-3098
Tel.: (011)(52) 818-345-2120
Consulate General, Tijuana--Richard Gonzalez
Address: Tapachula 96, 22420 Tijuana, Baja California Norte
U.S. Postal Address: P.O. Box 439039, San Diego, California 92143-9039
Tel.: (011)(52) 664-681-7400
Consulate, Hermosillo--Marvin Brown
Address: Calle Monterrey 141 Pte., 83260, Hermosillo, Sonora
U.S. Postal Address: Box 3598, Laredo, Texas 78044-3598
Tel.: (011)(52) 662-217-2375
Consulate, Matamoros--David Stone
Address: Ave. Primera 2002, 87330, Matamoros, Tamaulipas
U.S. Postal Address: Box 633, Brownsville, Texas 78522-0633
Tel.: (011)(52) 868-812-4402
Consulate, Merida--Glen Keiser
Address: Paseo Montejo 453, 97000, Merida, Yucatan
U.S. Postal Address: Box 3087, Laredo, Texas 78044-3087
Tel.: (011)(52) 999-925-5011
Consulate, Nogales--Kristin Hagerstrom
Address: Calle San Jose s/n, 84065, Nogales, Sonora
U.S. Postal Address: P.O. Box 1729, Nogales, AZ 85628-1729
Tel.: (011)(52) 631-313-4652
Consulate, Nuevo Laredo--Thomas Armbruster
Address: Calle Allende 3330, Col. Jardin, 88260 Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas
U.S. Postal Address: Box 3089, Laredo, Texas 78044-3089
Tel.: (011)(52) 867-714-0512
Consular Agents
Acapulco--Alexander Richards
Address: Hotel Acapulco Continental, Costera M. Aleman 121-Local 14, 39670 Acapulco, Guerrero
Tel. (from the U.S.): (011)(52) 744-469-0556
Cabo San Lucas--Michael John Houston
Address: Blvd. Marina, Local C-4, Plaza Nautica, Zona Centro, 23410 Cabo
San Lucas, Baja California Sur
Tel.: (011)(52) 624-143-3566
Cancun--Lynette Belt
Address: Plaza Caracol 2, #320-323, Blvd. Kukulkan, Km. 8.5 Zona
Hotelera, 77500 Cancun, Quintana Roo
Tel.: (011)(52) 998-883-0272
Cozumel--Anne Harris
Address: Plaza Villa Mar en El Centro, Plaza Principal, Parque Juarez
(entre Melgar y 5a Av.), Piso 2, 77622 Cozumel, Quintana Roo
Tel.: (011)(52) 987-872-4574
Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo--Elizabeth Williams
Address: Local 9, Plaza Ambiente, Ixtapa, Guerrero
Courier Address: Paseo de los Hujes 236, Col. El Hujal, 40880
Zihuatanejo, Guerrero
Tel.: (011)(52) 755-553-1108
Mazatlan--Patti Fletcher
Address: Hotel Playa Mazatlan, Rodolfo T. Loaiza 202, Zona Dorada, 82110
Mazatlan, Sinaloa
Tel.: (011)(52) 669-916-5889
Oaxaca--Mark A. Leyes
Address: Macedonia Alcala 407, Int. 20, 68000 Oaxaca, Oaxaca
Tel.: (011)(52) 951-514-3054
Puerto Vallarta--Kelly Trainor
Address: Zaragoza 160, Edificio Vallarta Plaza, Piso 2, Int. 18, 48300
Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco
Tel.: (011)(52) 322-222-0069
San Luis Potosi--Carolyn Lazaro
Address: Edificio "Las Terrazas," Av. Venustiano Carranza 2076-41, Col. Polanco, 78220 San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi
Tel.: (011)(52) 444-811-7802
San Miguel de Allende--Philip Maher
Address: Dr. Hernandez Macias 72
37700 San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato
Tel.: (011)(52) 415-152-2357
Other Contact Information
American Chamber of Commerce of Mexico
A.C. Lucerna 78-4 06600 Mexico
D.F. Mexico
Tel: (011)(52) 555-724-3800
Fax: 555-703-3908
E-Mail: email@example.com
(Branch offices also in Guadalajara and Monterrey)
U.S. Department of Commerce
International Trade Administration
Office of Latin America and the Caribbean
14th and Constitution, NW
Washington, DC 20230
Tel: 202-482-0305; 202-USA-TRADE
Fax: 202-482-0464
Internet: http://www.ita.doc.gov
Short URL: http://m.state.gov/md26486.htm


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May 6, 2016
A Pennsylvania beauty queen who resigned after alleging that the Miss USA pageant had been fixed says she is stunned by an arbitrator's ruling that she must pay the pageant organization $5 million for defamation.
Former Miss Pennsylvania USA Sheena Monnin tells the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review (http://bit.ly/UfGJ8P ) that the "most logical course" would be to contest the ruling, but she's considering her options.
Arbitrator Theodore Katz says Monnin's allegations that finalists had been selected in advance were false, harmful and malicious and cost the pageant a $5 million fee from a potential 2013 sponsor.
Monnin points to a Miss USA contract clause giving top pageant officials the power to pick the top five finalists and the winner, but a company official calls that a catch-all that's never been used.
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He may be the most terrifying villain in comic book movie history, and this Halloween you can become him. With the Plus Size Adult Deluxe Joker Costume, you'll have your friends laughing to death. This costume features a long purple jacket with a green vest, light blue shirt, and brown tie attached, purple pants that match the jacket, and a mask with the Joker's iconic makeup and green hair. The Joker uses his brilliant wit to fight against Batman and instill terror in Gotham city. His ruthlessness is only outweighed by his calculated insanity, making him the most dangerous villain ever. If you're skilled with makeup, you can do your own face up like the Joker's scarred white face. Get a friend to dress as the Batman, and you'll have a great comic book costume duo.
Our Price: $8.97
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Dress up as a character from your favorite video game with our Boy Black Angry Birds Costume. This Angry Birds outfit includes a foam bodysuit with a character face on the front. The black Angry Bird has thick brown eyebrows, a frowning beak and a wick-like hair on top of his head. In the games, the black bird blows up tough obstacles. You can launch your child out for a fun night of trick-or-treating with this gaming tunic design. Complete your bird ensemble with accessories like black gloves, pants, and shoes. For safety purposes, you may want to add a glow stick or reflectors to your child's Angry Birds style if he plans on attending nighttime events. Take on the evil pigs with our fun Angry Birds costume for boys.
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May 5, 2016
The NCAA has slammed Penn State with an unprecedented series of penalties, including a $60 million fine and the loss of all coach Joe Paterno's victories from 1998-2011, in the wake of the Jerry Sandusky child sex abuse scandal.
Other sanctions include a four-year ban on bowl games, and the loss of 20 scholarships per year over four years.
NCAA President Mark Emmert announced the staggering sanctions Monday at a news conference in Indianapolis. Though the NCAA stopped short of imposing the "death penalty" -- shutting down the Nittany Lions' program completely -- the punishment is still crippling for a team that is trying to start over with a new coach and a new outlook.
Sandusky, a former Penn State defensive coordinator, was found guilty in June of sexually abusing young boys, sometimes on campus.
Copyright 2016 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.
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text:
How far is it from gonzales tx to san antonio tx
kgb answers » Local & Lookup » Travel Info » How far is...(distances) » How far is it from gonzales tx to san antonio tx
Tags: gonzales, san antonio
Thursday, February 02 2012
Source: http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&tab=wl
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The Deadly Kissing Bug has turned up in Elgin/Bastrop. They bite you on your lip or eye and can carry Chagas disease, which can affect your heart and digestive tract and even lead to death.
There's no vaccine or cure -- so if you see one -make sure not to touch it with your bare hands and clean all surfaces the bug has walked on. Click here for more!
This freaks me out a bit! What about you?


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The Power of Independent Thinking
William J. Watkins, Jr. on Patent Trolls
Recorded: Wednesday, June 18, 2014
Research Fellow William J. Watkins, Jr. appeared on XMSatellite radios Innovation Navigation show to talk about his new book Patent Trolls: Predatory Litigation and the Smothering of Innovation. The cost of patent trolls is staggering, both in terms of lost work and in court costs and attorney fees. The outmoded patent system in the US is discussed, including proposals for reforming the patent system.
Experts: William J. Watkins Jr.Type: RadioIssues: Antitrust, Competition, and Monopoly, Business, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Litigation, Regulation and Deregulation, Science, Technology
William Watkins on NPRs Talk of the Nation Discussing Supreme Court Nominations
Recorded: Tuesday, June 29, 2010
With the hearings on the nomination of Elena Kagan to the U.S. Supreme Court, Research Fellow William J. Watkins, Jr., was interviewed on NPRs Talk of the Nation to discuss how to revise the nomination and selection process of Supreme Court Justices, based on his recent article in the Washington Examiner, A role for the people in judicial selection.
Experts: William J. Watkins Jr.Type: RadioIssues: Criminal Justice/ Prisons, Litigation, Politics


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CRN Storage News
Intel is sharpening its focus on the channel with new partner programs as it prepares to release the next version of its Viiv multimedia PC platform.
Avnet's Cuen: We Want More Sun, More Vertical SolutionsAvnet's Fred Cuen speaks about several trends in the channel and what more to expect from the Tempe, Ariz.-based distributor.
EMC Expands SMB Array, HDS Expands MidrangeSeveral of the industry's top storage vendors introduced their new big guns to the industry in San Diego at this week's Storage Networking World conference, including EMC, HDS and Microsoft.
Vendor leverages technology from acquistions for single repository
EMC To VARs: Get UnifiedEMC this week is bringing several different data archiving technologies together with a single repository, one it hopes will spur VARs to partner with it on the software side.
Freeware + free VoIP services = one bargain setup
Web-Based Videoconferencing on the CheapFreeware plus free VoIP services equals one bargain setup. Here's how to build it.
Symantec Delivering Remote Office Backup SoftwareSymantec next week is unveiling software to manage remote office data backup and recovery which includes encryption of the data as it is replicated locally or to a central data center or off-site disaster recovery center.
Storage Products On Parade In San DiegoNext week's Storage Networking World conference in San Diego will see a host of storage vendors introducing products that span the gammet of industry buzz words from CDP to ILM to data security.
Distributor talks about Sun authorization
Avnet Waiting For StorageTek PlanAvnet Partner Solutions is trying to find a way to keep all its StorageTek customers.
Perpendicular Equals Greater StorageFortunately for mobile users, Seagate Technology has incorporated perpendicular recording technology into its new line of 2.5-inch Momentus hard drives.
EMC is among big storage vendors embracing nonenterprises
Small WondersA growing number of disk-based tools are addressing even the smallest of businesses, making backup an easy sell to even the most uninitiated of customers. Perhaps further validating this is that one of the largest storage vendors--EMC--has embraced the small-business market in a big way.
Here's how to turn a recycled PC into a file server
Building a NAS For LessAre you looking to build an ultrareliable, environmentally sound network-attached-storage (NAS) device on the cheap? Read on and you'll learn how to build one from parts you might otherwise discard.
Sneak Peek: Intel's Storage Road Map Through Early 2007Intel will be making a big push into storage over the next year with a range of NAS, SAN, and JBOD storage appliances for the system builder community, CRN has learned.
Partners say they will dramatically boost their profitability under HP's new rebate program
HP's Attach Rate RevelryHewlett-Packard this week will unveil a sweeping rebate formula that will pay channel partners substantially more money for attaching more HP products and services to the solutions they deliver.
Here's the pitch: a game-changer
HP Steps Up To The Plate With Innovative New Channel ProgramA major change is like the start of baseball season: filled with optimism and hope that your team has the goods to go all the way. But invariably, it's the ability to deal with the unexpected that determines success of a given team. So, too, will it be with Hewlett-Packard's enhancements to its PartnerOne program, which center around paying larger rebates to VARs that attach more HP products to their solutions.
The 'HP-Only' Way?HP's Attach Plus rebate program may well equate to the "HP-only" way for a significant number of solution providers, especially smaller VARs serving the SMB space.
Bell Micro Division Targets Channel With Small-Biz Storage OfferingHammer Storage, the branded storage distribution division of Bell Microproducts, is going after the small-business market with its first channel product.
VAR Recruits Peers For On-line Backup ServiceA growing customer base for on-line data backup is pushing one solution provider to seek help from his peers.
Nimbus Storage Appliances Unify SAN/NAS, SAS/SATANimbus Data Systems aims to unify SAN and NAS architectures in a new series of unified IP storage appliances, and the company is depending on channel partners to bring the products to market.
IBM Beefs Up Compliance ArraysIBM is enhancing its DR550 family of storage arrays for storing and securing regulated and non-regulated data, in a move to make them more competitive with EMC's Centera compliance appliance.
NetApp Rolls Out Channel-Only iSCSI SAN BundlesNetwork Appliance is expanding on last month's introduction of virtual tape library and data security bundles with a new series of channel-only packaged iSCSI SAN solutions.


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The Manitou Springs Mountain Music Festival begins Friday, August 24 and runs through Sunday, August 26. This is the 30th anniversary of this free festival. Enjoy 21 hours of music from 12 bands, food vendors, art and crafts, and activities for children.
Burger King is helping us cool down from the summer heat with a 50-cent vanilla soft serve cone. That's half the normal price. The deal is good through the end of August, but make sure your local restaurant is participating.
Military families can enjoy the "boys of summer" for free. The Sky Sox is holding a "Military Appreciation Night" on Wednesday, August 29. The game starts at 6:05 p.m. Contact your installation for ticket information.
Get a free download of the book "The Adventures of Tempest and Serena." It's about two sisters with very different views on returning back to school from summer break. You can only download it for free on Friday, August 24 and Sunday, August 26.
Please remember, all offers are subject to availability and product providers may end these offers at any time.
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Math Department
Transfer Planning Guides | Faculty and Staff | Courses | Resources | Placement | Sample Tests
Mathematics is the body of knowledge centered on concepts such as quantity, structure, space, and change, and also the academic discipline that studies them. Benjamin Peirce called it "the science that draws necessary conclusions". Mathematics is the science of pattern, that mathematicians seek out patterns whether found in numbers, space, science, computers, imaginary abstractions, or elsewhere.
Questions: firstname.lastname@example.com
Transfer Degree: Associate of Arts Degree
Course Descriptions | Classes offered this quarter
Designed to provide students with a broad liberal arts background of study during their first and second years of college with an emphasis on math. The state's two-year and four-year schools developed transfer agreements that allow students from a community college to transfer at least 90 credits (60 semester credits) to a four-year college or university. The degrees satisfy some - or all - general requirements for a bachelor's degree.
Calculator Rental Program: If you require a graphing calculator for a math course and do not wish to purchase one, you may rent a calculator from the SCC Bookstore. The rental fee is $20 per quarter, plus tax. Students may rent for the entire quarter with proof of paid registration.
If you need help determining which mathematics course is right for you.


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Dance the night away with your partner in crime in our Couples Women's Jazzy Pink Flapper Costume. This 20s outfit includes a black sequin headband and pink dress with black fringe overlay that shakes when you shimmy! This look only includes the women's dress, but you can buy the matching men's look separately for a fun couples ensemble. Flappers were all about letting their hair down and ignoring society's rules for behavior. They often get paired with mobsters and gangsters in our nostalgic collective memory. You can jazz up your dressy look with decade accessories like a cigarette holder, beaded necklaces, high heel pumps, feather boas, and colorful bob wigs. Charleston your way to a great look that will match your partner with our women's half of this flapper costume.
Our Price: $3.99
Our Price: $7.99


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Product 130/255
Here's a great 4-pack of templates to help get you started creating those fabulous memory pages you've been meaning to scrap. This set contains 4 templates, in PSD, TIFF and PNG formats to cover a lot of program software formats. PU/S4O/S4H.
Designer: Studio4 Designworks
Product model: S4-ManMem-Temp
File Size: 97 Megs
License: S4H/S4O and Personal use allowed
This product was added to our catalog on Thursday 01 August, 2013.


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Campus Evacuation Map—Dayton Campus Zone 1
Zone 1 includes Lots 1 through 7. People parked in Zone 1 should immediately leave campus when a Zoned Evacuation is announced. Travel south on University Blvd. and exit campus onto Colonel Glenn Hwy. Two-way traffic will be maintained to accommodate emergency response and mass transportation vehicles.
Adhere to the traffic control patterns. Obey traffic controllers. DO NOT drive around barricades or on sidewalks. Download Zone 1 Evacuation Map →
|Review the Instructions for a Zoned Evacuation of the Dayton campus:
Zone 1 (West Campus) || Zone 2 (North Campus) || Zone 3 (South Campus) || Zone 4 (East Campus) || Main Map
Zone 1 (West Campus): Hamilton Hall, Medical Sciences, Russ Engineering Center, Student Union, University Hall, and Lots 1, 4, 6, and 7.
Zone 2 (North Campus): Allyn Hall, Brehm Laboratory, Campus Ministry Center, Fawcett Hall, Mathematical and Microbiological Sciences, Oelman Hall, Rike Hall, The Woods, and Lots 8, 10, and 11.
Zone 3 (South Campus): Biological Sciences 1 & 2, Creative Arts Center, Diggs Laboratory, Dunbar Library, Health Sciences, Library Annex, White Hall, and Lots 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16.
Zone 4 (East Campus): Nutter Center and Lots 18, 19, and 20.
Emergency Management
- Emergency Management
- Raider Guardian
- Wright State Alert!
- Dayton Campus Emergency Action Plan
- Lake Campus Emergency Action Plan
- Emergency Supply Kit
- Tornado Safety
- Winter Weather Emergencies
- StormReady
- Resources
- Emergency Supply Kits


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As Gucci Continues to Go After Guess for Trademark Infringement, What Does It All Mean for Louboutin vs. YSL?
The 3-year-long Gucci v. Guess trademark infringement debacle lastly came to an end this week in the US, with Gucci awarded the comparatively low settlement of $ 4.7 million in damages (compared to the requested $ 221 million). But it is not more than but: WWD is reporting that Gucci is apparently organizing to file new brand protection instances in Italy, China, and France. So this is going to drag out for a long time.
But the case has been raising a lot of queries. Aside from the monetary win, a single of the outcomes of the case was that Guess is permanently banned from making use of its Gucci-esque Quattro G pattern, as properly as the green-red-green stripe pattern that has agruably become Gucci's most recognizable trademark.
Of program, the notion of frequently utilized colors representing a brand brings to thoughts that other legal battle that's been poisoning the waters of the friendly style planet: Christian Louboutin v. Yves Saint Laurent, which, a lot more than a year later, is nevertheless raging on in the Court of Appeals. Last April, Louboutin filed a suit against YSL for selling red-soled shoes– a longtime element of the brand's identity and a legal trademark belonging to Louboutin considering that 2008. The court initially sided with YSL stating that no 1 ought to have a "monopoly" over the color red– which, in February, led Louboutin to speak out against YSL and its parent business PPR. Through Vogue UK:
I discover it most extraordinary that a group like PPR would take the danger of defending itself as a plagiarist. They claim to fight against counterfeiting and plagiarism of which they are victims and but behave like this.
Interestingly enough, the trademark-conscious Gucci is also owned by PPR. So will the choice on YSL's sister brand's color protection impact the outcome of Louboutin v. YSL? The answer is still unclear, but it's not looking wonderful for Louboutin, whose trademark validity is nevertheless in question. Whilst Fordham University's Fashion Law Institute director Susan Scafidi echoed to WWD the judge's sentiment that "color marks are protectable," Gibney Anthony & Flaherty LLP companion Brian Brakote said that he "[didn't] see this situation having a considerable effect on that [Louboutin v. YSL]."
It is a lot of ugliness in the name of beauty, that's for certain.


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The Final Rounds: Rush to the Battle Arena!
this wiki
|"The Final Rounds: Rush to the Battle Arena!"
|(モー烈 モー追 モーダッシュ 本選開始だってばよ, Mō Retsu Mō Tsui Mō Dasshu Hansen Kaishi Dattebayo)
|Episode data
|"Hospital Besieged: The Evil Hand Revealed!"
|Naruto #59
|"Byakugan vs. Shadow Clone Technique!"
|Chūnin Exam Arc
|Naruto Chapter #98
|November 19, 2003
|November 18, 2006
The Final Rounds: Rush to the Battle Arena! (モー烈 モー追 モーダッシュ 本選開始だってばよ, Mō Retsu Mō Tsui Mō Dasshu Hansen Kaishi Dattebayo) is episode 59 of the original Naruto anime.
Naruto went to the entrance of the stadium. In the entrance, was a banner which says that the Chūnin Exams will be tomorrow. Then he eats at the Ramen Ichiraku, Teuchi and Ayame gave him a big bowl of ramen, saying that his match will be tomorrow. The Ino–Shika–Chō eats at a restaurant, with Inoichi teasing that he had a daughter. Chōza had an additional order, then Shikamaru appeared, telling his father they will go home. Temari and Kankurō were preparing their weapons, and Gaara was sitting on the rooftop. Neji and Tenten were shown to be practising, and Shino as well. Naruto seemed as though he didn't want to sleep the whole night. Naruto meets Hinata where Team 7 had their bell test. She concluded that he may defeat Neji. He also said that he liked people like Hinata and also invited her to watch his fight against Neji. He heard some fireworks so he ran away because he would be late to the matches so he hurriedly ran so he could make it in time. On his way, he saw Konohamaru who told Naruto that he knows the shortcut to the stadium. But Konohamaru just brought him into trouble.
- Most of the events from this episode do not occur in the manga.
- The entrance that Naruto made was ironically related to the time in Pamplona, Spain. This is when people race in to the bullfight on narrow streets and try their best to get into the stadium.


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Spoke Dining Chair - White
No longer available
A creative spin on a classic. An inventive update of the traditional spindled Windsor chair, our Spoke Chair has a tall, exaggerated back that makes a dramatic statement. A handsome White finish showcases the rich wood grain.
Solid wood in White.
Natural variations in the wood are expected.
Assembly required.
21.4"w x 24.5"d x 45"h.
Wipe clean.
Make sure it fits! See our guide on
measuring for delivery


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Ambermist is a moonkin/resto druid & part-time elemental shaman on Durotan-US currently guilded with Check Please, a Mythic, realm-first raiding guild.
Me, I'm a 30-year-old mother of two awesome kids, a 9-year-old video-gaming math whiz daughter (affectionately known on the internet as the Little Raid Leader or LRL for short) and a 6-year-old music-loving, cuddlebug son (Lil Bubba or Bubs).
Ambermist has been my main since the day I logged into the game for the first time. I started as a resto druid in BC, became a complete failkin in Wrath, and have been trying to make up for it ever since!
Talk to Me!
Email: druidambermist (at) gmail (dot) com
Twitter: @battlechicken
BattleTag: Ambermist#1266


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These tiles are cut from colored stained glass, their rich colors never fading. Mosaic Glass Chip Set sold in 4 lb packages, containing 600 assorted opaque glass chips. Tiles measure 3/4" square by 1/8" thick.
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