text:
July 22, 2011
Leaf Prints
The only problem....We got home after bedtime and I knew if I left the leaves out over night they would smooth out some and not give me the quality of print I wanted. This is the point that I realized I am totally obsessed with children's crafts (lol!) as I insisted that it was totally ok for my children to stay up late for the sake of ART. (I know I have a problem, and yes I might even need a bit of counseling in this regard. hahaha)
Our leaf prints did not turn out nearly as beautiful as the ones I saw at Kleas, but I am still pleased with them. Now that I've done the project I have all sorts of ideas flowing through my brain of how I'm going to use this technique again in the future.
To make the leaf prints we simply added some paint to an old baking sheet, spread it around a bit, and then pressed the large leaf on top of the paint and onto our paper.
Happy Crafting!!
19 comments:
- Delaney said...
These are cute!
- July 22, 2011 at 8:30 PM
- Alison said...
I remember doing this at school! I must do it with my 2, it is such a cool idea!
- July 23, 2011 at 3:28 AM
- Dixie Delights said...
I love all of your ideas and am SO happy that you found me so that I could find you :-)
- July 23, 2011 at 5:00 AM
- Aimee from Classified: Mom said...
It was so worth staying up late for! I love the open-endness of printmaking! Thanks for visiting my blog- you are too sweet ;-) I am def. following ya back and looking forward to all of your ideas!
- July 23, 2011 at 6:36 AM
- Smallgood said...
They are beautiful. I like doing leaf prints and leaf art in the fall.
- July 23, 2011 at 6:37 AM
- Deceptively Educational said...
I don't know what the Kleas' leaf prints look like but yours are AMAZING. I'd be framing those beauties! Thanks for sharing! I want to try this with my oldest son.
- July 23, 2011 at 7:07 AM
- kristin said...
Hi Rachel! Thanks for letting me know you did this project and that you posted it. Also thanks for linking to me!
Yours turned out beautifully...I'm glad you were able to find the huge leaves as it really does make such an impact when they are big.
You have a wonderful blog and I've enjoyed looking at your projects for kids. xx
- July 23, 2011 at 7:59 AM
- Lisa @ Two Bears Farm said...
They turned out so pretty! I just love the way the colors mixed.
And what a fun mom you are. I'm like a drill instructor over bedtime, lol!
- July 23, 2011 at 8:41 AM
- Amy said...
This is really cool! :)
- July 23, 2011 at 5:15 PM
- Andie said...
I have to say THANK YOU!!! for all of your awesome ideas! I just found your blog, I can't even remember how...but I have bookmarked a bunch of your ideas for use in my upcoming preschool year! I am planning on doing an art that goes with each letter of the alphabet, and have gotten so many wonderful ideas from just a few minutes on your blog. THANK YOU!! You can bet I'll be back!
Blessings to you-Andie
- July 23, 2011 at 6:34 PM
- Erin @ Two More Seconds said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- July 23, 2011 at 8:21 PM
- Erin @ Two More Seconds said...
Hey Rachel!! Thanks so much for your comment and letting me know you found me in that West Jordan Journal - I need to get a copy because I don't get it! LOVE your blog - adding it to my reader for sure. These leaf prints are beautiful!
- July 23, 2011 at 8:22 PM
- LeighAnn said...
This is really pretty!
- July 24, 2011 at 9:31 PM
- Kristi McInerney said...
Anything for the sake of ART!!!!!! Love that! You had to have watched Mona Lisa Smile with Julia Roberts! Great movie! And I can't wait to try this leaf press with my kids, do you think 2, and 3 is too young?
- July 25, 2011 at 3:05 PM
- K. the Littlest Crafter said...
Love this! So beautiful
- July 25, 2011 at 6:30 PM
- Rachel@I Heart Crafty Things said...
@Krisiti-You might have to help place the leaf in the appropriate place on the paper, but your 2 & 3 yr old will love getting to press down all over the leaf to make the imprint all by themself, and they can pick all the pretty colors they want to use.
- July 25, 2011 at 9:13 PM
- Aimee from Classified: Mom said...
Yay- you linked up again! As I said before- I LOVE IT and get it framed mama- Thank you for linking up with us on The Sunday Showcase
- July 27, 2011 at 8:47 PM
- Lori @ Beneath the Rowan Tree said...
Love this! Thank your for sharing it!
I am sharing it as a featured project on our next Playdate at Beneath the Rowan Tree (goes live Sunday evening, July 31).
Please feel free to snag a 'Featured' button and share the love!
- July 30, 2011 at 6:10 PM
- jerry brown said...
Thank you very much! That is really sweet of you to share my projects I really appreciate it :)
Gift Card
- February 3, 2014 at 2:02 AM


text:
The Export Processing Authority (EPZA) has partnered with the Tanzania Ports Authority (TPA) and Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation (TPDC) to establish the Mtwara Freeport Zone by December, this year, to facilitate full exploitation of natural resources in the southern region.
"We are in final stages of having the Mtwara Freeport Zone operational," EPZA Development Director Zawadia Nanyaro said in Dar es Salaam at the weekend. He noted that the site for the Freeport Zone had already been earmarked.
The envisaged zone is expected to serve oil exploration and gas extraction activities in the region.
Mtwara Region is endowed with a huge amount of gas and oil.
The presence of oil and gas companies creates opportunities for investors to set up petrochemical processing and allied industries in the region. Investors are already flocking to the southern region to invest in manufacturing plants—cement and fertilisers in particular.
Deep sea exploration is in progress by multinational companies—Petrobras, British Gas and Orphir.
"Having a special centre to supply materials and services is inevitable if these (exploration) companies have to operate efficiently," Nanyaro said.
She said the envisaged Freeport Zone was specific for foreign companies that supplied materials and provided services to exploration firms that had to invest over US$1 billion (about 1.6tn/-) with over 5,000 direct employment opportunities for Tanzanians.
EPZA has since its inception about six years ago been striving to invite investors in its designated areas for investment under special economic zones and export processing zones.
Statistics show that the authority has attracted US$700 million (over 1tn/-) worth of investments that have created over 14,000 direct jobs with US$450 million (over 700bn/-) exports.
The EPZ was established by the Export Processing Zones Act, 2002, which provides for establishment of export investments in the designated zones.
Its objectives are to attract and encourage transfer of new technology, attract and promote investment for export led industrialisation, create and expand foreign exchange earnings and increase employment opportunities and development of skilled labour.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Kaufman Cabs
Revision as of 19:10, October 19, 2013 by Cloudkit01 (Talk | contribs)
11,126pages on
this wiki
this wiki
Kaufman Cabs
|Grand Theft Auto: Vice City
|Kaufman Cabs
|Tommy Vercetti
|Type of Business:
|Taxi Firm
|Little Haiti, Vice City
Kaufman Cabs is a taxi firm based in Little Haiti, Grand Theft Auto: Vice City and Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories, which is bought by Tommy Vercetti in 1986 for $40,000.
The business operates a fleet of Kaufman Cab taxis, and employs long-serving employee Delores as a dispatcher and Ted as a taxi driver. Kaufman Cabs' main rivals are Vice City Cabs, who are a bigger firm with more taxis. After completing the three missions for Kaufman Cabs, the asset will earn a maximum $5,000 between pick-ups. However in Vice City Stories Kaufman Cabs is closed and doesn't have a sign just like other assets in Vice City game.
The firm takes its name from actor Andy Kaufman, who played a taxi mechanic in the Taxi TV series.
Known Employees
- Tommy Vercetti - current owner
- Delores - former owner, dispatcher
- Ted - cab driver
Asset missions
- The song that can be heard playing in the background during the Kaufman Cabs purchase cutscene is "Working for the Weekend" by Loverboy. The song is also featured on the in-game radio station V-Rock.
- There are arcade machines inside the firm like the Pogo the Monkey game however, they are not playable.
- There is a calendar inside the firm but the picture is a rival cab - the VC Cabs, which is unusual as the Kaufman Cabs taxis are Cabbies. The same calendar is on the refrigerator at Phil's mobile home.
- Kaufman shares it's name with a character in Max Payne 2: The Fall of Max Payne, which is another Rockstar Games title.
- The depot of Kaufman Cabs has the basic layout of the Sunshine Cab Company from the 1978 TV Series Taxi and one of the actors who appeared in the series was called Andy Kaufman hench the name Kaufman Cabs.
- The interior is used on the starting screen of Vice City Multiplayer
- There is a texture which is misplaced on one of the lamps, instead the chains on it says DMAir Rockstar.


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Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry is a subdiscipline of chemistry involving the scientific study of the properties and chemical reactions of all chemical elements and chemical compounds other than the vast number of organic compounds (compounds containing at least one carbon-hydrogen covalent bond).[1][2]
There are a number of subdivisions of inorganic chemistry such as the five subdivisions of the American Chemical Society's Division of Inorganic Chemistry (ASC DIC), namely organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, solid-state and materials chemistry, coordination chemistry and nanoscience.[3]
Inorganic chemistry is closely related to other disciplines such as materials science, earth science, mineralogy, geology and crystallography.
Distinctions between inorganic and organic chemistry
The distinction or boundary between inorganic chemistry and organic chemistry is not very well defined. In general, the above definition of inorganic chemistry seemingly excludes carbon compounds but it does not exclude elemental carbon itself. Hence, carbon oxides, carbon sulfides, cyanides and cyanates, metallic carbides and carbonates are included as inorganic compounds.[4]
As another example of the ill-defined distinction between inorganic and organic chemistry, oxalic acid (H2C204) is commonly considered to be an organic compound even though it does not contain a carbon-hydrogen bond.
Classification of inorganic compounds
Inorganic chemistry encompasses a very complicated variety of substances which the distinguished American chemist, F. Albert Cotton (1930 − 2007), grouped into these four classes:[5]
The chemical elements: These have a variety of structure and properties and include:
- Atomic gases such as argon (Ar) and krypton (Kr), as well as molecular gases such as hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2).
- Molecular solids such as the phosphorus allotrope (P4), the sulfur allotrope (S8), and the carbon allotrope (C60).[6]
- Network solids such as diamonds and graphite.[7]
- Metals, either solid such as copper (Cu) and tungsten (W) or liquid such as mercury (Hg) and gallium (Ga).
Ionic compounds: These are always solids at 0 °C temperature and 101.325 kPa absolute pressure and include:
- Simple ionic compounds such as sodium chloride (NaCl), which are soluble in water or other polar solvents.
- Ionic oxides that are insoluble in water, such as zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and mixed oxides such as the mineral "spinel" (MgAl2O4), the mineral "diopside" (CaMg(SiO3)2) and various silicates.
- Other binary halides, carbides, arsenides, nitrides and similar materials. A few examples are silver chloride (AgCl), silicon carbide (SiC), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and boron nitride (BN), some of which could also be considered to be network solids.
- Compounds containing polyatomic ions (also called "complex ions") such as the silicon hexafluoride anion [SiF6]2–, the cobalt hexammine cation [Co(NH3)6]3+ and the ferricyanide anion [Fe(CN)6]3–.
Molecular compounds: These may be solids, liquids or gases and include:
- Simple binary compounds such as phosphorus trifluoride (PF3), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and osmium tetroxide (OsO4).
- Organometallic compounds that characteristically have metal−to−carbon bonds such as nickel carbonyl (Ni(CO)4) and tetra-benzyl-zirconium (Zr(CH2C6H5)4).
- Complex metal-containing compounds.
Inorganic polymers and superconductors: These include various inorganic polymers and superconductors. One example is the polymer named yttrium barium copper oxide (YBa2Cu3O7) which is commonly abbreviated as YBCO. It is a crystalline chemical compound and was the first material to achieve superconductivity above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77 K).[8]
Typical inorganic chemical reactions
There is no universally accepted list of the typical, important inorganic reactions. Although there are numerous available sources (books, journal and Internet websites) that include such lists, they all differ to some extent from each other. The inorganic reaction types listed and explained below were drawn from many of the available sources:[5][9][10][11][12]
Synthesis reaction: (also referred to as combination or composition reaction)
This is a reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single product, where each reactant is a chemical element or compound and the reaction product consist of the two reactants. Examples include:
• sodium + chlorine ⇒ sodium chloride
2Na + Cl2 ⇒ 2NaCl
• carbon dioxide + water ⇒ carbonic acid
• hydrogen + sulfur ⇒ hydrogen sulfide
Decomposition reaction: (may be thermal, electrolytic or catalytic decomposition reaction)
This is a reaction in which a chemical compound is separated into elements or simpler compounds. It is often defined as being the opposite of a synthesis reaction. Examples include:
• hydrogen peroxide ⇒ water + oxygen (Hydrogen peroxide spontaneously decomposes into water and oxygen)
• calcium carbonate + heat ⇒ calcium oxide + carbon dioxide (Heated calcium carbonate decomposes into calcium oxide
and gaseous carbon dioxide)
CaCO3 + heat ⇒ CaO + CO2
Single displacement reaction: (also referred to as substitution or single replacement reaction)
This is a reaction characterized by one element being displaced from a compound by another element. Examples include:
• copper + hydrochloric acid ⇒ cupric chloride + hydrogen
Cu + 2HCl ⇒ CuCl2 + H2
• zinc + cupric sulfate ⇒ copper + zinc sulfate
Zn + CuSO4 ⇒ Cu + ZnSO4
Metathesis reaction: (also referred to as exchange or double displacement or double replacement reaction)
This is a reaction in which two compounds exchange bonds or ions to form new, different compounds. Examples include:
• sodium sulfate + barium chloride ⇒ barium sulfate + sodium chloride
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 ⇒ BaSO4 + 2NaCl
• silver nitrate + hydrochloric acid ⇒ nitric acid + silver chloride
AgNO3 + HCl ⇒ HNO3 + AgCl
Precipitation reaction: (a specific type of metathesis referred to as aqueous metathesis)
This is a reaction that occurs when two inorganic salt solutions, as in the example below, react to form a solution containing a soluble product and another product that is insoluble and precipitates out of the solution:
• calcium chloride + silver nitrate ⇒ calcium nitrate + silver chloride (Insoluble silver chloride precipitates out of the aqueous
CaCl2 (aq) + 2AgNO3 (aq) ⇒ Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + 2AgCl (s)
Neutralization reaction: (another specific type of metathesis that is sometimes referred to as an acid-base reaction)
This is a reaction in which an acid and a base react to form a salt. Water is also produced in neutralizations with Arrhenius acids,[13] that dissociate in aqueous solution to form hydrogen ions (H+ ), and Arrhenius bases, that form hydroxide ions (OH– ). However, water is not produced in all neutralizations as can be seen below in the neutralization of ammonia. Examples include:
• nitric acid + sodium hydroxide ⇒ sodium nitrate + water
HNO3 + NaOH ⇒ NaNO3 + H2O
• hydrochloric acid + ammonia ⇒ ammonium chloride
HCl + NH3 ⇒ NH4Cl
Redox reaction: (also referred to as oxidation-reduction reaction)
This is a reaction in which the oxidation numbers of atoms are changed. Examples include:
• hydrogen + fluorine ⇒ hydrogen fluoride
Hydrogen is oxidized by its oxidation number increasing from zero to +1. Fluorine is reduced by its oxidation number
decreasing from zero to -1.
• iron + cupric sulfate ⇒ ferrous sulfate + copper
Fe + CuSO4 ⇒ FeSO4 + Cu
Iron is oxidized by its oxidation number increasing from zero to +2. Copper is reduced by its oxidation number
decreasing from +2 to zero.
Analysis and characterization of inorganic compounds
The number of known chemical elements that occur naturally on Earth is 94 and the number of diverse inorganic chemical compounds derived by combinations of those elements is virtually innumerable. The characterization of those compounds includes the measurement of chemical and physical properties such as boiling points, melting points, density, solubility, refractive index and the electrical conductivity of solutions.
The techniques of qualitative and quantitative analytical chemistry can provide the composition of a chemical compound in terms of its constituent chemical elements and can thus determine the chemical formula of a compound.
Modern laboratory equipment and techniques can provide many more details for characterizing chemical compounds. Some of the more commonly used modern techniques are:
- Chromatography: A process for separating mixtures of chemicals into their component constituents.
- X-ray diffraction or X-ray crystallography: A technique that determines the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule.
- Spectrometry or qualitative Spectroscopy: A technique for the identification of substances through the electromagnetic spectrum emitted from or absorbed by them.
- Voltammetry: An electrochemical method for studying a chemical substance by measuring the electrical potential and/or electric current in an electrochemical cell containing the substance.
- Inorganic Chemistry: A Study Guide, From the website of the University of Waterloo, Canada
- Christopher G. Morris (Editor) (1992), Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology, 1st Edition, Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-200400-0.
- Welcome to the ACS DIC Webpage!, From the website of the American Chemical Society Division of Inorganic Chemistry.
- Note: For example, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon disulfide (CS2), sodium cyanide (NaCN), potassium cyanate (KOCN), silicon carbide (SiC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
- F. Albert Cotton, Geoffrey Wilkinson and Paul L. Gaus (1995), Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition, John Wiley, ISBN 0-471-50532-3.First published in 1976 with Professor F. Albert Cotton of Texas A&M University as the main author.
- Note: Allotropes are molecules having different molecular structures. This differs from isotopes which are elements having different atomic structures (i.e., the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in the atomic nucleus). The carbon allotrope (C60) is also known as Buckminsterfullerine.
- Note: Network solids are chemical compounds with the atoms being bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network. Thus, there are no individual molecules in a network solid and the entire solid may be considered to be a macromolecule. Diamond is an example of a network solid with a continuous network of carbon atoms. Another example is graphite, which consists of continuous two dimensional layers of carbon atoms covalently bonded within each layer and with other bond types holding the layers together.
- Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide – YBCO, From the wiki of the Chemistry Department at Imperial College, London, England.
- P.A. Cox (2004), Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 1-85996-289-0.
- Types of Equations, From the website of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
- Types of Inorganic Chemical Reactions: Four General Categories, Dr. Anne Marie Helmenstine on the website of About.com: Chemistry.
- Types of Chemical Reactions: List of Common Reactions and Examples, Dr. Anne Marie Helmenstine on the website of About.com: Chemistry.
- Note: An Arrhenius acid is defined as dissociating in aqueous solution to form hydrogen ions and Arrhenius bases, which form hydroxide ions. There are a number of other theories and definitions of acids, namely Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, Lewis acids and bases,Usanovitch definition, and various others.


text:
Video: DC Public School Closings Debate
Video: Group Says In Lawsuit That DC School Closings Unfair
WASHINGTON (WUSA9) -- A federal discrimination lawsuit was filed challenging the decision to close 15 DC public schools. Shannon Smith spearheaded the suit that not only affects her two children but 2,700 kids throughout the system.
The suit argues the closures will disproportionately impact low income and minority students. Some numbers that seem to support the plaintiff's claims: 96.6 percent of students affected by the plan are from low-income families, compared with the 75.4 percent of students systemwide. Almost 28 percent receive special education services, compared with 14.2 percent across DCPS.
Empower DC says the planned closures violate the U.S. Constitution as well as city and federal laws.
Eight-year-old Breyah was clearly in distress outside the federal courthouse on Friday. Her mother tells us she doesn't cope well with strangers and that's exactly why they were at the rally to stop 15 school closures. Breyah has a disability and would be forced to go to a new school, says her mother. Her mother told us the changed would be frightening for Breyah.
Lawyers for the city say closing the schools will improve education for all students. DCPS says the schools on the chopping block have low student enrollment and closing them will save millions in building maintenance.


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Search Swinburne Research Bank
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/24054
- Title
- Bairdboard bombardment
- Author(s)
- Tofts, Darren
- Abstract
- When Dante entered Hell, it was Virgil who accompanied him and explained its mysteries. In a similar gesture, it is James Joyce, as opposed to say William Gibson or R. U. Sirius, who could assume the role of guide to cyberspace.
- Publication type
- Book chapter
- Research centre
- Swinburne University of Technology. School of Social and Behavioural Sciences
- Source
- Transit lounge : wake-up calls and travellers' tales from the future : today's best writers explore tomorrow's world / Ashley Crawford and Ray Edgar (Ed.), p. 25-26
- Publication year
- 1997
- Keyword(s)
- 20th century literature; Communications; Hypertext; Information technology; Irish literature; Joyce, James, 1882-1941; Media
- Publisher
- Craftsman House
- 9057041111
- Publisher URL


text:
Tyrone Spong (0-0) is going into MMA with his eyes wide open.
"This is not kickboxing," the former K-1 fighter told MMAjunkie.com Radio (www.mmajunkie.com/radio) in advance of his MMA debut against Travis Bartlett (7-2) at World Series of Fighting 1. "I know what I'm getting myself into."
Although Bartlett has declared he'll strike with Spong as long as his legs aren't getting chopped to bits, Spong said he's not afraid of going to the mat.
Which, in all likelihood, is where he'll go once a few of his leg kicks land.
"I'll do what I've been taught in my camp," Spong said. "I prefer to stand, but if he can take me to the ground, let's do it."
World Series of Fighting 1 takes place Saturday at Planet Hollywood Resort & Casino in Las Vegas. A five-fight main card, which leads off with Spong vs. Bartlett, airs live on NBC Sports Network (formerly Versus).
Along with Dutch UFC heavyweight Alistair Overeem, who was a stablemate of Spong's in the Holland-based fight team Golden Glory and defeated him in the 2010 K-1 Grand Prix, the 27-year-old Suriname native is the one of the highest-profile K-1 fighters to try his hand at MMA.
Spong also served as a sparring partner to former Strikeforce champ Muhammed "King Mo" Lawal, who raved about the kickboxer's technique in several subsequent interviews.
Until the arrival of Overeem this year, Spong served as the resident kickboxing star with the Blackzilians, who train out of the JACO Hybrid Training Center in Boca Raton, Fla. Spong remains a reason teammates leave practice with sore legs, but he's also a project for the mixed martial artists helping him to transition into a new sport.
Among them, ex-UFC champ Rashad Evans has been a key figure in helping him to round out his skills on the ground.
"At first, when you see MMA, you see two guys on the ground," Spong said. "But once you practice it, you see it's something else. It's very technical."
Spong said he feels "healthy nerves" going into the fight, but he isn't any more stressed about competing inside the WSOF's new decagon, or 10-sided cage, than a kickboxing ring.
"The most important thing is that I'm not overlooking him," he said of Bartlett. "I'm focusing on the fight; I'm not listening to what other people say. I'm an experienced fighter, so I know what's important."
And that's what actually happens in the heat of competition. Talk is cheap for the veteran, who plans a return to the kickboxing ring in December or January as part of a four-fight deal signed with the Golden Glory-owned kickboxing event, GLORY.
"If [Bartlett] wants to stand and bang with me, that's good," Spong said. "Let's give the fans a show."
For more on World Series of Fighting 1, stay tuned to the MMA Rumors section of MMAjunkie.com.
MMAjunkie.com Radio broadcasts Monday-Friday at noon ET (9 a.m. PT) live from Mandalay Bay Resort & Casino's Race & Sports Book. The show is hosted by "Gorgeous" George Garcia, MMAjunkie.com lead staff reporter John Morgan and producer Brian "Goze" Garcia. For more information or to download past episodes, go to www.mmajunkie.com/radio.


text:
Firefighters responded Thursday morning to a fire in Centennial at a building in the Southglenn mall.
The fire broke out sometime before noon, and appeared to cause major damage.
According to our sister station KCNC in Denver it appears that the fire started in a building that is right next to a Whole Foods grocery store.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Narrow your search
Adobe devs must be working overtime to fix the latest vulnerabilities revealed through the Hacking Team cyberattack.
The security flaw affects every version of Flash Player and remained undetected until the catastrophic Hacking Team data breach.
Monthly security update addresses two dozen vulnerabilities, including one being exploited as part of the "Sandworm" cyberattack.
A security initiative from Google hopes to identify and put a stop to previously unknown, unpatched bugs that threaten the Web at large.
An Internet Explorer 8 vulnerability goes unfixed by Microsoft for more than half a year, reports the Zero Day Initiative.
In lieu of a fix, Microsoft offers workarounds to combat the bug that has left browser users open to attacks.
Adobe and Microsoft patch a critical zero-day security flaw in Adobe's Flash Player that is actively being used to target Windows users, but the bug is different from an unpatched hole in Internet Explorer.
The flaw, which is being leveraged in "limited, targeted attacks," allows remote code execution, Microsoft warns.
Vulnerability allowed a "drive-by attack" of malware installation when computers visited a malicious Web site.
Computers infected with malware after visiting a "strategically important Web site," security firm FireEye warns.


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Situated within easy reach of Henley, Marlow, Maidenhead and Windsor, this attractive country house bed and breakfast offers convenient but quiet and tranquil surroundings. Attractively furnished bedr...More about Pinkneys Court Mews
Set in attractive grounds on the fringes of Maidenhead, this stylish hotel has comfortable and well-equipped bedrooms. Public rooms include the Wintergarden restaurant, which serves afternoon tea as w...More about Fredrick's Hotel and Spa
Situated in a peaceful location between Maidenhead, Bracknell and Windsor, this hotel has high standards of comfort particularly in the bedrooms; some rooms have a small sitting room area. There is a ...More about Stirrups Country House Hotel
Just 10 minutes from the M4 or M3 and a quick stroll from the mainline railway station, Premier Inn Bracknell makes a good choice whether for business meetings or a family break. Within easy walking d...More about Premier Inn Bracknell Central
This Premier Inn offers free parking, an on-site Beefeater restaurant, spacious rooms and extra-comfy beds. It is located just outside of Bracknell town centre which is within easy reach of Legoland W...More about Premier Inn Bracknell (Twin Bridges)
This hotel is in the Thames Valley not far from Windsor, Henley-on-Thames and the motorway. The public areas are air conditioned and include the Agua Caf� and Bar and Glaze Restaurant. Leisure facilit...More about Crowne Plaza Marlow
Cantley House hotel is located within acres of Berkshire parkland. This Victorian mansion features a number of conference and meeting rooms, benefiting from traditional features. Bedrooms vary from th...More about Cantley House Hotel
The seven en suite bedrooms are located in a listed building above the Loch Fyne Restaurant in Henley's Market Place. Each bedroom is individually appointed and equipped to meet the needs of the moder...More about Milsoms Henley-on-Thames
This 17th-century inn enjoys a peaceful, rural location beside the common. Bedrooms feature stripped-pine furniture, co-ordinated fabrics and an excellent range of extra facilities. The bar has a mass...More about Chequers Inn
This historic hotel has been transformed into the funky Malmaison style which reflects its proximity and long-standing relationship with the railway. Public areas feature rail memorabilia and excellen...More about Malmaison Reading


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MILTON KEYENES, ENGLAND - FEBRUARY 03: (L-R) Simon Sproule, Infiniti Corporate Vice-President Global Marketing, Adrian Newey, Chief Technical Officer, Christian Horner, Team Principle, Mark Webber of Australia, and Sebastian Vettel of Germany talk to the guests during the Infiniti Red Bull Racing RB9 launch on February 3, 2013 in Milton Keynes, England. (Photo by Mark Thompson/Getty Images)
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A flaxseed plant that was destroyed by fire in Angusville last March will not be rebuilt in Manitoba.
Glanbia Nutritionals Ingredient Technologies announced Tuesday that it will instead build a new 40,000 square-foot facility in Sioux Falls, S.D.
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Fall is almost here, and summer will soon be a memory. Here's a way to keep those memories alive for free. Mypublisher.com is offering a free, 20-page photobook that you can create online. Just log on and enter an email address in its gift card giveaway promotion.
You'll receive your free code and free software to start creating. It's a great way to share summer memories or pictures of your children for a great holiday present. This deal is for new customers only and you pay shipping.
How about a nice romantic fall getaway? How about 40 percent off? That's the deal when you pre-pay for a room at the Cliff House in Manitou Springs. It's for select dates only, so make your reservation soon.
Stay healthy and save money right now with a deal from GNC. Its website is offering a buy one, get one free deal on hundreds of vitamins and supplements. It might be a great way to boost your system before the cold weather and holiday travel season.
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text: This week's show will feature trumpeter Donald Byrd, who passed away at the age of 80 on February 4th. Byrd, one of a crop of solid players to come out of Detroit in the 1950s, had a long, multifaceted career and was heard on many a classic and not-so-classic session as a leader and sideman. He was also an educator, having taught at Howard University, Rutgers, Cornell and elsewhere.


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Log in
When talking about directors who consistently make provocative, intellectually-inspired films that are commercially successful while not slighting of the audience's acumen, the conversation must include the films of the Coen brothers (Joel and Ethan). Known for their genre bending, dark comedies, the Coen's have made some of the most memorable films of the past two decades, including the adapted No Country for Old Men, which won Best Picture in 2007, Fargo (1996), Raising Arizona (1987), Miller's Crossing (1990), and the cult masterpiece, The Big Lebowski (1998). There have been a couple of missteps along the way (Intolerable Cruelty and The Lady Killers) but for the most part, their unique vision of human destiny embodies a distinctive mixture of gallows humor, richly drawn characters, and absurd circumstances that often pit their protagonist against both the quirks of chance and the poorly conceived decisions of individuals. While I wouldn't characterize their newest film A Serious Man as one of their best movies, it remains as one of last year's better films that will likely satisfy the devotee. What do you get when you engage a Coen Brothers film? A little bit of crime fiction, a dash of film noir, a teaspoon of odd ball comedy, a bag of literary and film allusions, topped off with a pinch of both real and implied violence thrown in. Of their 14 full length films, the following selection is arguably their most important.
No Country for Old Men (adapted from a Cormac McCarthy novel)
Miller's Crossing
Barton Fink
The Big Lebowski
Raising Arizona
Posted by Ryan Gage at 04/22/2010 10:43:11 AM


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MALEFICENT (MAY 30) Angelina Jolie hasn't been seen on-screen in four years, but what better comeback vehicle than this original story about Disney's most fearsome villainess? Come for the CG spectacle, stay for Angie's daunting cheekbones.
THE FAULT IN OUR STARS (JUNE 6) Come get your cry on with this romantic weepie based on the acclaimed John Green book, in which Shailene Woodley finds her cancer diagnosis leavened by the presence of hunky, sensitive Ansel Elgort.
OBVIOUS CHILD (JUNE 6) An abortion-themed romantic comedy may sound like a hard sell, but star Jenny Slate will make you a believer in this hilarious Sundance hit, in which she tries to keep her pending abortion under wraps while dating a great new guy.
22 JUMP STREET (JUNE 13) All those megabudget blockbusters are swell, but the summer movie we know we'll enjoy most is the sequel to 2012's surprisingly hilarious Jonah Hill–Channing Tatum team-up.
THE ROVER (JUNE 13) Take Animal Kingdom director David Michod, add stars Guy Pearce and Robert Pattinson, toss in a healthy helping of guns, grime, and crime, and you'll get this promising Aussie thriller.
SNOWPIERCER (JUNE 27) A menacing Tilda Swinton (in oddly chic old-age drag) facing off against Chris Evans on board a futuristic train split among the haves and have-nots? And it's directed by Korean visionary Bong Joon-ho? We're in.
TAMMY (JULY 2) Melissa McCarthy cowrote this comedy (with husband, Ben Falcone, who directs) in which she goes road-tripping with her boozy grandmother, played by Susan Sarandon. After the femme-fronted Bridesmaids and The Heat, just consider this McCarthy's answer to the Bechdel Test.
BEGIN AGAIN (JULY 4) Keira Knightley is winning as a fledgling singer-songwriter who finds creative catharsis after she's dumped by her cad boyfriend (played by a surprisingly natural Adam Levine), and then gets inspired by a forlorn music exec (Mark Ruffalo).
DAWN OF THE PLANET OF THE APES (JULY 11) The 2011 Apes reboot was better than anyone expected, so let's hope the streak continues with its postapocalyptic sequel, which adds Keri Russell and Zero Dark Thirty standout Jason Clarke.
JUPITER ASCENDING (JULY 18) Mila Kunis goes from down-on-her-luck janitor to galactic queen in this sci-fi story from the Wachowskis, which intriguingly casts Channing Tatum as a wolf-human hybrid with an unusual albino do. Sure, why not?
GUARDIANS OF THE GALAXY (AUGUST 1) Marvel goes cosmic in this offbeat outer-space adventure, but we're most excited about its potential to turn Parks and Recreation scene-stealer Chris Pratt into a big-screen leading man.


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What is RM Cash
"Customer service is priority #1 at Rocky Mountain ATV/MC. We value our customers and strive to be the best shopping experience- when you buy from us, you are buying lifetime service."
-Dan Thomas, CEO and Founder
We take pride in offering no hassle returns. In the event of a return, please call, email or chat with us to receive a solution to the problem. For apparel that doesn't fit quite right, Click here to see our Fit Guaranteed Program.
We will stand behind all products we sell with regards to manufacturing defects in workmanship and material. Most products are limited to the manufacturer's warranty. However, we will do everything in our power to take care of the problem.
Each review submitted enters you into a $100 gift card monthly drawing, and a $500 gift card quarterly drawing!
Comments On Nov 23, 2012:IF YOU LIKE TO DO STOPIES OR "ENDOS" GET THIS TIRE!!!! its awsome. oem honda tires dont let you do stopies but this one lets you do them flawlesslly!!!
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Comments On Jul 07, 2011:I found this tire scary. I like the 90/100-21 tires, the B-stone 203 mostly. I gave this tire 2 rides and at the end of the second I got a flat. Decided not to fix it & switched tires. I love the IRC M5B and there trials tire is great. This tire not so much.
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Comments On May 20, 2011:i ride a ktm300exc and this tire works great in all terrain, it has a bulkiness to it and i like it as much as the old michelin that was on the bike which was tall and thin which was more suited to sand unlike this one which seems to have the best of both worlds.
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Comments On Nov 27, 2010:Very good desert intermediate terrain tire. It wears well and performs well in open desert terrain. The 90/100-21 size is a bit narrower compared to a 90/100-21 Dunlop or Bridgestone tire.
Additional Comments On Nov 27, 2010:Nomenclature correction
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That's right, if you have a tattoo that you don't want any more.. NO WORRIES about being stuck w/ that ink! Give Devenir Aesthetics a call 512-477-3778! Devenir is the ONLY facility in Central Texas w/ the very lastest in advanced laser tattoo removal technology w/ Fotona by Lumenis. It really does work! My friend Rose Mary is proof! She's getting rid of a tattoo of a rose that is on top of her foot! I was able to sit in on her second treatment that only took 10-15 minutes tops. She said it didn't hurt and the results are amazing! She does a treatment once a month. An average tattoo takes about 10-12 treatments depending on the colors and size.
Coming soon how Rose Mary's 3rd treatment went! From what I heard, we will be amazed. Rose Mary is very happy!
Here's the video of her second treatment to give you an idea of the treatment in action.
It's done by either Alissa or Carol, Devenir's certified and highly qualified last technicians. They have over 20 years experience together at Devenire alone. Right now you can call to get a 'FREE CONSULTATION' with one of these lovely ladies to see what can be done w/ the 'INK' you don't want!
This is not hating on tattoos, because I love them! I think they are a fabulous way to express yourself. My only problem is I can't make up my mind what to get. So I admire others ink for now. But I feel bad when I hear someone say they hate what is on their body. I see them covering the ink up. That doesn't have to be the option... no hating on the in... remove it.. NO WORRIES w/ Devenir Aesthetics. In fact, removing some of the ink can be good for the area on your body if you are thinking about getting a cover up. It's a lot easier for the artist too!
These are things to think about. But you have nothing to lose by calling Devenir to set up a free consultation. Knowledge is power. GO FOR IT! NO TATTOO REGRETS! NO WORRIES!
BIG BONUS FROM DEVENIR AESTHETHICS! This Thursday (4/25), Devenir is having an Open House from 5:30-8pm where you can meet some of Austin's BEST physicians- Dr. Schaefer, Dr. Morales & Dr. Patel. They will discuss cosmetic dermatology, facial plastic surgery, leg vein treatments and more. There will be hors d'oeuvres and raffle items. Grab some friends and make plans to enjoy an evening w/ the Doctors @ Devenir Aesthetics! Call 477-3778 for more information.


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Attendees with a valid U.S. passport can enter the Republic of Korea without a visa for a stay of up to 90 days for purposes in the Republic of Korea of business or as a tourist.
For Visas
Attendees should contact the Embassy/Consulate in their area for country-specific regulations on travel to South Korea.
Attendees may be asked to provide some or all of the following:
- Original passport (with at least 6 months until the expiration date and one unused visa page).
- One original passport photo that was taken within the last 6 months. Passport photos must have a light colored background, be 2" by 2" in size and must be on photo paper.
- One completed and signed visa application form


text: Little ones can sail off to dreamland cuddled in our new nursery collection, inspired by authentic ship flag designs. Bright and colorful, the patchwork quilt is surrounded by a border of ocean blue with waves of texture created by stitched detailing. A little racing boat zips across a bed of thick stripes on the coordinating sham.


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Slow Cooked Beef and Vegetables Recipe Canned Dog Food
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Hill's® Ideal Balance™ Adult Slow-Cooked Beef and Vegetables canned dog food is made with real beef and tasty vegetables, in a mouthwatering gravy. Natural ingredients in perfect balance.
Product Features:
* Real meat #1
* Vegetables, vitamins & minerals to keep playing longer
* Supports healthy digestion for happy tummies
* No corn, wheat or soy & no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives
Beef, Beef Broth, Chicken Broth, Water, Pork Liver, Brown Rice, Carrots, Rice Starch-Modified, Potato Starch, Pork Plasma, Chicken, Potatoes, Dextrose, Pea Protein, Pea Fiber, Chicken Fat, Peas, Flaxseed, Chicken Liver Flavor, Spinach, Calcium Carbonate, Sodium Phosphate, Potassium Chloride, Caramel (color), Guar Gum, vitamins (Vitamin E Supplement, L-Ascorbyl-2-Polyhosphate (source of vitamin C), Thiamine Mononitrate, Biotin, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Niacin, Riboflavin Supplement, D-Calcium Pantothenate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Folic Acid), minerals (Ferrous Sulfate, Zinc Oxide, Copper Proteinate, Manganous Sulfate, Potassium Iodide), Choline Chloride, Beta Carotene.
Pet lovers who bought this also bought...


text:
Sierra de Bahoruco, an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area in the Dominican Republic has been recently identified as an IBA in Danger and is under immediate threat from development,
Dominican Republic
Forests of Hope
Dog Island is an uninhabited offshore islet lying northwest of the Caribbean UK Overseas Territory (UKOT) of Anguilla, and is considered to be the second most important individual island for seabirds in the eastern Caribbean, despite being only about 200 ha in size.
During May 2012, Sociedad Ornitológica Puertorriqueña, Inc. (SOPI, BirdLife in Puerto Rico) installed 25 signs in the Cabo Rojo Salt Flats National Wildlife Refuge to mark important nesting sites for resident shorebirds that were being disturbed by visitors.
The Mountain Chicken Project, funded by the UK government's Darwin Initiative and executed by the Department of Environment of Montserrat and Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, is pleased to announce the publication of a poster and a brochure aimed at raising awareness of the Critically Endangered Mountain Chicken Leptodactylus fallax on Montserrat.
Grupo Jaragua (BirdLife in the Dominican Republic) has successfully purchased a 100 ha corridor of transitional, previously unprotected and highly threatened forest within the Jaragua-Bahoruco-Enriquillo Biosphere Reserve.
Dominican Republic
Forests of Hope
A nocturnal seabird, the black-capped petrel, may warrant federal protection as a threatened or endangered species.
Forestry staff from Montserrat's Department of Environment are currently in the field conducting the annual bird monitoring exercise to determine the bird populations in the island's Centre Hills Important Bird Area.
In August 2011, the Government of Grenada's Cabinet approved the protection of the last piece of government-owned Grenada Dove habitat through the addition of approximately 100 acres (c.40 ha) of the Beausejour Estate to the adjacent Perseverance Protected Area and Dove Sanctuary.
The nocturnal calls of Black-capped Petrels Pterodroma hasitata have guided Haitian researchers to discover more nesting locations for this Endangered seabird.
Una nueva localidad de anidación para el diablotín Pterodroma hasitata ha sido descubierta en Haití a través de los esfuerzos en el campo de un grupo de colaboradores dominicanos y haitianos.
A new nesting location for Black-capped Petrel has been discovered in Haiti by the efforts of a joint Dominican – Haitian field team.
Documenting new seabird-colony Important Bird Areas, finding previously undocumented colonies and colonies thought to be extirpated: these are just some of the exciting discoveries reported within Environmental Protection in the Caribbean's (EPIC's) ground-breaking Seabird Breeding Atlas of the Lesser Antilles.
The Neotropical Mangrove Conservation Alliance has awarded its first small grant to Grupo Jaragua (BirdLife in the Dominican Republic) as part of an initiative to catalyze community-based mangrove conservation in the Insular Caribbean.
Last October, the local community of El Cajuil-located in the south-west of Dominican Republic-participated in World Bird Festival (WBF) activities.
To mark its 20th Anniversary, the GEF has announced and profiled its 20 best projects funded through UNEP. This '20-best' list features two projects in which BirdLife International was a key player.
Middle East
Flooding at BirdLife's Woodbourne Shorebird Refuge in Barbados reduced the amount of suitable stop-over habitat for shorebirds this autumn, but this proved good for ducks and in September, two globally threatened West Indian Whistling-ducks turned up - the first time the species has been on the island for 50 years.
The Department of Environment Montserrat has announced a logo competition with a prize of $500 USD on offer.
The Bahoruco Summer Camp run by Grupo Jaragua (BirdLife in the Dominican Republic), the local grassroots organization Voluntarios Comunitarios de Jaragua and the Puerto Escondido Birding Club.


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Getting a stack trace of a running PostgreSQL backend on Windows
From PostgreSQL wiki
(→Setting up Process Explorer)
(→Getting a stack trace using WinDBG)
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=== Getting a stack trace using WinDBG ===
=== Getting a stack trace using WinDBG ===
The Debugging Tools for Windows include a program called windbg.exe, the Windows Debugger. It's a very powerful and useful tool, but it's not user friendly
The Debugging Tools for Windows include a program called windbg.exe, the Windows Debugger. It's a very powerful and useful tool, but it's not user friendly. Windbg.exe may also be used to [[Getting_a_stack_trace_of_a_running_PostgreSQL_backend_on_Windows#Remote debugging with windbg.exe|remotely debug a system]] even if you don't have full GUI access. windbg may interrupt the execution of the backend or possibly (though ) even hold up the entire database system .
You will need to know the process ID of the backend you want to connect to. See "Getting the process ID of the PostgreSQL backend" above for how to find that out.
You will need to know the process ID of the backend you want to connect to. See "Getting the process ID of the PostgreSQL backend" above for how to find that out.
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Once you know the process ID, you need to start WinDBG. It'll be in the Start menu under Debugging Tools for Windows. To connect to the PostgreSQL backend of interest, use the File -> Attach to Process menu item (shortcut: F6). Enter the pid you found earlier into the "process id" field and press enter.
Once you know the process ID, you need to start WinDBG. It'll be in the Start menu under Debugging Tools for Windows. To connect to the PostgreSQL backend of interest, use the File -> Attach to Process menu item (shortcut: F6). Enter the pid you found earlier into the "process id" field and press enter.
windbg has now attached to that postgres backend. Its execution has paused, and it will appear to have hung. This is normal. You're in a command-line interface, but you
windbg has now attached to that postgres backend. Its execution has paused, and it will appear to have hung. This is normal. You're in a command-line interface
, but
you 't about .
you to
type the command:
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If you've collected everything you needed to you can detach from the PostgreSQL proces (debug menu -> Detach debugee) and close WinDBG. Alternately, if you want to collect a few more stack traces at different points in execution, use the "G" command to tell PostgreSQL to resume running. When you want to interrupt it again, use "Break" from the Debug menu and enter ~*k to get another set of stack traces.
If you've collected everything you needed to you can detach from the PostgreSQL proces (debug menu -> Detach debugee) and close WinDBG. Alternately, if you want to collect a few more stack traces at different points in execution, use the "G" command to tell PostgreSQL to resume running. When you want to interrupt it again, use "Break" from the Debug menu and enter ~*k to get another set of stack traces.
==== Getting a stack trace of a repeatable backend crash ====
==== Getting a stack trace of a repeatable backend crash ====
Revision as of 08:02, 30 August 2012
Before you start
There are a few things you need to be aware of to get a useful stack trace:
- To get a useful stack trace, your symbol path must be configured to include the debugging symbol (.pdb) files of the programs you want to debug. See the section on the symbol path below.
- It appears that debugging a 32-bit PostgreSQL on 64-bit windows produces useless results, at least when the 64-bit debugging tools are used.
- If you plan to use Visual Studio, you'll need a paid version, or Express 2008. Express 2010 will not work because critical features were removed.
For more information, see the section on how to verify that you have a useful stack trace, below.
Methods for getting a stack trace
On Windows there are a few different methods for getting a stack trace, and a few different tools to to it with.
- Get the process ID of a running backend, attach a debugger to it, and trigger a crash; or
- Enable crash dumps, trigger a crash, and debug the resulting crash dump.
Direct attach is probably easier, but could potentially interfere with production operations. It's also not always possible, particularly when the crashes are random and hard to reproduce.
Crash dumps (minidumps) work well for intermittent, hard to reproduce crashes. You can also use crash dumps if you need to send the debuggable crash dump to somebody else for examination. Do not just send a crash dump to someone and assume they can do something with it; you should normally extract and send a stack trace. Only send a crash dump if asked.
- Microsoft Visual Studio Professional - supports both crash dumps and direct attach, very easy, but costs $
- Microsoft Visual Studio Express - new versions only support direct attach, very easy
windbgfrom Debugging Tools for Windows - supports both crash dumps and direct attach, somewhat less than user friendly
Process Explorer- only useful for getting the status of a backend without interrupting it, for tracking down apparent infinite loops etc.
If you have Microsoft Visual Studio, use that. It's the easiest and best option. The express edition only works for direct attach, you can't debug crash dumps with it, so you'll have to use windbg. For other tasks, use windbg.
Installing Debugging Tools for Windows and Process Explorer
Microsoft Windows does not come with built-in debugging tools. You will need to install the Debugging Tools for Windows, which you can download for:
I strongly suggest that you install these tools to the standard locations.
You will probably also want Process Explorer from the Sysinternal suite.
Once you have installed Process Explorer and the Debugging Tools for Windows, you'll need to do a little bit of setup so you can get useful stack traces.
Note: The instructions below assume your copy of Windows is installed on
c: so you may have to adjust them if this is not the case.
Configuring the symbol path
First, you need to set the symbol path. First you have to figure out what it is, since it depends on the version of PostgreSQL you've installed, the language of your version of Windows, and where PostgreSQL was installed to. What you need to find is the location of the
symbols folder inside the PostgreSQL install directory. If you've used the EnterpriseDB 1-click installer for PostgreSQL 8.4 and you're using an English version of Windows, it'll be:
C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.4\symbols
I'll assume that's the case in the following instructions, so adjust the path shown to match your system if required.
To set the symbol path, you'll need to use the System control panel. You can get to this quickly and conveniently with all versions of Windows by holding down the Windows key and pressing the BREAK key (it's often under the Pause key). You can also find it in the Control Panel; you may need to search for "system". If you can't find it, open the Start menu and click "Run" then enter "sysdm.cpl" and press enter.
In the System control panel, click on the Advanced tab and then click "Environment Variables". An "Environment Variables" dialog will appear. In that dialog, under the label "User Variables for <username>" you'll see a list. What you need to do is click the "New" button under that list.
In the dialog that appears, enter the variable name exactly as:
Note the leading underscore ("_") and the fact that the variable name is ALL UPPER CASE with UNDERSCORES_BETWEEN_WORDS.
The value is in two parts. The first part depends on where PostgreSQL is installed, as described above. The second part tells debugging tools to use a Microsoft server (the Symbol Server) to find out about parts of Windows its self.
C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.4\symbols;SRV*c:\localsymbols*http://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;
If you don't have an active Internet connection you can download the Windows symbol package for your version of Windows and install it, but be aware that this will be a BIG download. You'll then need to adjust the symbol path shown above to point to it.
Getting the stack trace
Phew. You now have things configured and can actually start collecting information.
Important: Don't waste your time generating stack traces that're useless. Please read #How to make sure a stack trace is useful before spending lots of time collecting information or posting to the mailing list. Your stack trace needs to contain "!SymbolicNames" as well as "+offsets" to be much use.
If you are collecting information about a postgresql backend that appears to be in an infinite loop or using too much CPU, you will need to take more than one stack trace. You should try to get quite a few over a short period of time so that developers can tell where it's spending its time. One stack trace alone doesn't really tell you a lot about what it's doing overall.
Getting the process ID of the PostgreSQL backend
Identifying the process ID of the PostgreSQL process you're interested in isn't always easy. If you have an active connection to the backend you want to look at, you can run
select pg_backend_pid(); to get it's process ID. Sometimes it's obvious - it's the one using constantly high amounts of CPU as shown in Process Explorer, for example. At other times, though, you'll need to use psql or PgAdmin III to look in the
pg_catalog.pg_stat_activity or
pg_catalog.pg_locks tables/views to find out the process id ("pid" or "procpid") of the process you're interested in.
Getting a stack trace using WinDBG
The Debugging Tools for Windows include a program called
windbg.exe, the Windows Debugger. It's a very powerful and useful tool, but it's not user friendly. Windbg.exe may also be used to remotely debug a system even if you don't have full GUI access. Using windbg may interrupt the execution of the backend or possibly (though it's rather unlikely) even hold up the entire database system while the target backend is paused.
You will need to know the process ID of the backend you want to connect to. See "Getting the process ID of the PostgreSQL backend" above for how to find that out.
Once you know the process ID, you need to start WinDBG. It'll be in the Start menu under Debugging Tools for Windows. To connect to the PostgreSQL backend of interest, use the File -> Attach to Process menu item (shortcut: F6). Enter the pid you found earlier into the "process id" field and press enter.
windbg has now attached to that postgres backend. Its execution has paused, and it will appear to have hung. This is normal. You're in a command-line interface. These instructions will provide the basic steps you need.
First, type "G" (without the quotes) and hit enter. That'll cause the backend you attached to to unpause and resume normal execution. The debugger remains attached and will trap crashes or other unusual events, and you can pause it manually yourself. While attached but not paused the debugger will have no effect on the normal operation of that PostgreSQL backend.
Getting a stack trace of a healthy running backend
For testing, or because you want to see what a backend is busy doing, you might want to get a stack trace of a backend that's running normally. This won't give you information about a crash; see later sections for that.
First, interrupt execution using the Break command from the Debug menu. This will return you to a command line.
Now type the command:
in and press enter, then select all the output (CTRL-A) and copy it (CTRL-C) to the clipboard. You can now paste this information into a text file, email, etc. It'll look something like this:
0 Id: b0c.b1c Suspend: 1 Teb: 7ffdf000 Unfrozen ChildEBP RetAddr 00cafc2c 7c90df5a ntdll!KiFastSystemCallRet 00cafc30 7c8025db ntdll!ZwWaitForSingleObject+0xc 00cafc94 7c802542 kernel32!WaitForSingleObjectEx+0xa8 00cafca8 00587866 kernel32!WaitForSingleObject+0x12 00cafcb4 0058ba4c postgres!pg_usleep+0x36 [c:\pginstaller-repo\postgres.windows\src\backend\port\win32\signal.c @ 56] 00cafd18 00596075 postgres!AutoVacLauncherMain+0x24c [c:\pginstaller-repo\postgres.windows\src\backend\postmaster\autovacuum.c @ 597] 00caff60 00502da7 postgres!SubPostmasterMain+0x2b5 [c:\pginstaller-repo\postgres.windows\src\backend\postmaster\postmaster.c @ 3900] 00caff7c 006b7aad postgres!main+0x177 [c:\pginstaller-repo\postgres.windows\src\backend\main\main.c @ 165] 00caffc0 7c817027 postgres!__tmainCRTStartup+0x10f [f:\sp\vctools\crt_bld\self_x86\crt\src\crtexe.c @ 597] 00cafff0 00000000 kernel32!BaseProcessStart+0x23 1 Id: b0c.95c Suspend: 1 Teb: 7ffde000 Unfrozen ChildEBP RetAddr 0162fecc 7c90d3aa ntdll!KiFastSystemCallRet 0162fed0 7c83145e ntdll!ZwFsControlFile+0xc 0162ff14 0058777f kernel32!ConnectNamedPipe+0x52 0162ffb4 7c80b6d9 postgres!pg_signal_thread+0x9f [c:\pginstaller-repo\postgres.windows\src\backend\port\win32\signal.c @ 275] 0162ffec 00000000 kernel32!BaseThreadStart+0x37 # 2 Id: b0c.208 Suspend: 1 Teb: 7ffdc000 Unfrozen ChildEBP RetAddr 0163ffc8 7c951e68 ntdll!DbgBreakPoint 0163fff4 00000000 ntdll!DbgUiRemoteBreakin+0x2d
If you've collected everything you needed to you can detach from the PostgreSQL proces (debug menu -> Detach debugee) and close WinDBG. Alternately, if you want to collect a few more stack traces at different points in execution, use the "G" command to tell PostgreSQL to resume running. When you want to interrupt it again, use "Break" from the Debug menu and enter
~*k to get another set of stack traces.
Getting a stack trace of a repeatable backend crash
If you're trying to track down a backend crash and you can reasonably predictably trigger the crash in a connection of your choice, you'll probably want to use windbg. You will need to attach windbg to the backend while it's still running (see above) and issue the "G" command in windbg to get the backend to continue running. Now you need to do whatever is required to trigger the crash in the backend using your connection to it.
When the backend crashes, windbg should interrupt the crash. At this point, you can run the following command in windbg to get some stack trace information about the crash:
Crashes during postmaster startup
This useful article on debugging Windows services will help you deal with issues where the postmaster is crashing during startup of the Windows service for PostgreSQL.
Remote debugging with windbg.exe
You might not want to, or be able to, sit at the database server console for debugging. That won't stop you using windbg on PostgreSQL, though - you can launch a remote debugging server on the Pg machine and remote debug the machine.
- On the Pg server:
- Copy
dbgsrv.exefrom the debugging tools for windows folder to the remote server running Pg (or install the debugging tools there).
- Add an exception for dbgsrv.exe in the firewall of the remote machine
- Launch dbgsrv.exe on the remote machine as an Administrator. Use the command:
dbgsrv.exe -t tcp:port=12345,password=fred. (If you need to, use
runas.exeto get admin rights).
- Copy
- On the workstation you're debugging from:
- Launch windbg
- In the file menu, choose "Connect to remote stub..."
- As the connection string enter "tcp:server=YOUR_PG_SERVER_NAME_OR_IP,port=12345,password=fred"
- Click "OK"
- Windbg will now try to do all work via the remote debug stub, as if you were running windbg on that machine, so you can follow the instructions as given above.
Debugging using Microsoft Visual Studio or VS Express 2008
Windbg is free, quick and easy to install, supports remote debugging, and a real pain to use. You'll want something much nicer to use if you're trying to do more than just get a stack trace - and for some problems, you will indeed need more than a stack trace to know what's going wrong. If you intend to step through the execution of PostgreSQL's code and examine the value of variables, using Microsoft Visual C++ will make it a lot easier.
Microsoft Visual C++ has a much nicer debugger that I highly recommend using in favour of windbg.exe - if you have the option. The free 2008 express edition can be used for many debugging tasks; it lacks remote debugging support and just-in-time postmortem debugging (which the full, paid edition has) but otherwise does a very good job as a user-friendly debugger. Unfortunately VS 2010 removes the ability to attach to already-running processes, so unlike 2008 it's basically useless for debugging PostgreSQL. This means you can't use 2010 express edition at all, and you can't use 2008 express edition for debugging random crashes, but 2008 is still great for tracking down predictable crashes and runaway backends - anything where you can connect to the backend by process ID.
Once you've installed VC++ 2008 Express, launch it and use "Attach to Process" in the Tools menu to connect to the PostgreSQL backend you want. Make sure "show processes from all users" is checked, select the
postgres.exe process you want to debug, and click "Attach". You'll get a security warning, which you should read and understand before accepting.
VC++ will load symbols for PostgreSQL, which may take a few minutes if you haven't used VC++ to debug PostgreSQL before (it'll have to fetch them from the symbol server). Once VC++ finishes loading symbols, execution of the Pg backend will resume and your database system will be working normally.
Breaking into execution
You can now break into the execution of the postgres.exe backend with the break button on the toolbar. It looks like a pause button. If you're debugging a runaway backend, you'll want to break into its execution now. Alternately, if you're debugging a crash, you should trigger the crash now.
If VC++ detects a crash it'll display a dialog like this to give you the chance to break into the process's execution:
If you break into a process's execution while it's running in the kernel you'll see a dialog like this:
... which is common for PostgreSQL since it'll often be waiting for network or disk activity. You can generally ignore it.
Starting debugging
You'll get a dialog telling you that "there is no source code available for your current location". Click OK. Now, on the bottom right (by default) you'll see a set of tabs named "call stack", "breakpoints", and "output". Click on "call stack".
You can see the stack of function calls that were in progress in Pg's main thread at the time you interrupted postgresql. (If you want or need to change threads, use the "threads" tab on the bottom left - double click on the thread of interest to debug it - though you usually want the main thread which is active by default).
In the call stack you can double-click on an entry to see where in the executable the function call arose. If you don't have source code, it'll offer to show you a disassembly, but you have source code for PostgreSQL so you can do better than that. (If you don't have source code for Pg, download and extract the sources for your version now. If you can't open the .tar.gz file, install [www.7-zip.org/|7-zip]). Double-click on the topmost line in the stack trace that starts with "postgres.exe" and a dialog will appear asking for a .c file:
It'll note the original location of the file at the top of the dialog. In my case, it wants
socket.c from
src\backend\port\win32\socket.c, so I find the postgresql sources (on my machine:
c:\developer\postgresql-8.4.0) and from there open
src, then
backend, then
port then
win32. Visual studio notices "win32.c" within the directory and opens it automatically. From now on, during this debugging session VS should find all other postgresql source files too.
Debugging tips
The Visual Studio debugger is far too capable to fully describe here. I'll just give a few hints - and suggest that you use the documentation.
Now that you have sources displayed, you can step through the code line-by-line, run until the end of functions, step into functions, and otherwise control the execution of the PostgreSQL process in detail using the buttons on the toolbar. You can also examine local variables at the stack frame you're on using the "locals" tab on the left, set breakpoints in functions using the "breakpoints" tab on the right, etc.
For example, if I wanted to pause execution the next time PostgreSQL tried to receive data from the network I might set a breakpoint on the
pgwin32_recv function and resume execution:
If I then issue a query on the backend I'm debugging, Visual Studio will shortly break back into the debugger at the start of the
pgwin32_recv function. I can now step through the function's execution to see what functions are called, what values variables take, etc. I can add and remove breakpoints by clicking in the margin on the left of the source file display.
Note that you must be careful not to change the values of any variables or cause execution to skip lines using the "set next statement" option. If you're not careful you could crash the server or possibly severely corrupt your database.
Using crash dumps with VS or windbg to debug random and unpredictable backend crashes
If the crashes appear to be random and you don't know how to trigger them, it's hard to connect windbg or Visual Studio to the problem
postgres.exe before it crashes.
windbg as the JIT (just-in-time) or post-mortem debugger won't help you, because PostgreSQL generally runs as a service under a different user account that cannot interact with the desktop. You could always
initdb a new cluster under your normal user account and use
pg_ctl to start the postmaster with that cluster manually, so you can JIT debug under your own user account where Pg can interact with the desktop. This isn't suitable for production use, though, and you might not be able to reproduce the problem that way.
In PostgreSQL 9.0 and above there is a crash dump hander included in PostgreSQL. To use it:
- Create a directory named
crashdumps(all lower case) in the PostgreSQL data directory (as shown by
SHOW data_directory;in
- Give the PostgreSQL user (
postgresby default) "full control" of it in the security tab of the folder properties
- Run the problem code. You don't need to restart Pg or change any settings.
- When a backend crashes, a Windows minidump should be created in the
You can debug this file with Microsoft Visual Studio or with windbg, using much the same procedures you use when attaching to a process ID as explained above. Unfortunately the more recent Express editions of Visual Studio do not have the ability to debug minidumps.
Minidumps can also be sent to somebody else to debug. For this to work you must tell the other person the *exact* PostgreSQL version you are using, because the debug symbols vary from minor release to minor release. You can't debug a 9.1.0 minidump with debug symbols taken from a 9.1.1 install. It's often easiest to just send them the
.pdb files from your install alongside the minidump.
Using Process Explorer to see what running backends are doing
Process Explorer is only useful for getting stack traces from running backends. It is not useful for debugging crashes.
If you intend to use Process Explorer to get a basic stack trace of a running (non-crashed) backend, you need to apply some settings first. You can skip this section if you're going to use Visual Studio (recommended if you have it) or
windbg from Debugging Tools for Windows.
Initial Process Explorer configuration
Open Process Exploer from the start menu, use "procexp.exe" in the Start->Run dialog. Read and accept the license agreement if prompted.
Now, in the "options" menu choose "configure symbols". First, note the "symbols path" entry, which should be the same as the value you entered for _NT_SYMBOL_PATH in the System control panel. If it isn't, you've made a mistake setting up the environment variable for the symbol path in the System control panel.
There is another entry in the "configure symbols" dialog labelled "dbghelp.dll path". If this begins with "c:\windows" you'll need to change it to the alternative provided by the Debugging Tools for Windows. The exact location varies depending on your debugging tools version. Use the "..." button, type
%ProgramFiles% into the "file name" field and press enter. Now find the debugging tools for windows folder, open it, and find dbghelp.dll. Double click on it. The dbghelp.dll path should've changed to something like:
C:\Program Files\Debugging Tools for Windows (x86)\dbghelp.dll
You can now click "OK".
Checking your Process Explorer setup
You should now be able to look at the stack trace of a commonplace process that's pre-installed on Windows systems. I suggest starting Notepad (start->run->notepad.exe), then launching Process Explorer, double-clicking on "notepad.exe" in the process list, switching to the "threads" tab, and double-clicking on the only entry in the list shown there. The displayed stack trace should look like this (on Windows XP SP3 at least):
ntkrnlpa.exe!KiSwapThread+0x46 ntkrnlpa.exe!KeWaitForSingleObject+0x1c2 win32k.sys!xxxSleepThread+0x192 win32k.sys!xxxRealInternalGetMessage+0x418 win32k.sys!NtUserGetMessage+0x27 ntkrnlpa.exe!KiFastCallEntry+0xf8 ntdll.dll!KiFastSystemCallRet USER32.dll!NtUserGetMessage+0xc notepad.exe!WinMain+0xe5 notepad.exe!WinMainCRTStartup+0x174 kernel32.dll!BaseProcessStart+0x23
If it looks like this instead (lots of lines with just "modulename+offset" not "modulename!symbolname+offset"):
ntkrnlpa.exe+0x6a822 ntkrnlpa.exe!ZwYieldExecution+0x1938 ntkrnlpa.exe!ZwYieldExecution+0x19a4 win32k.sys+0x2f35 win32k.sys+0x1b0d win32k.sys!EngQueryPerformanceCounter+0x5af ntkrnlpa.exe!KeReleaseInStackQueuedSpinLockFromDpcLevel+0xb14 ntdll.dll!KiFastSystemCallRet notepad.exe+0x2a1b notepad.exe+0x7511 kernel32.dll!RegisterWaitForInputIdle+0x49
... then your symbol path is set up wrong or there's something interfering with access to the symbol server. See #No symbolic names? Why?.
You might also see a backtrace like this:
00000000`0013e6b8 00000000`73d5282c wow64cpu!CpupSyscallStub+0x9 00000000`0013e6c0 00000000`73dcd07e wow64cpu!WaitForMultipleObjects32+0x32 00000000`0013e780 00000000`73dcc549 wow64!RunCpuSimulation+0xa 00000000`0013e7d0 00000000`779884c8 wow64!Wow64LdrpInitialize+0x429 00000000`0013ed20 00000000`77987623 ntdll!LdrpInitializeProcess+0x17e2 00000000`0013f220 00000000`7797308e ntdll! ?? ::FNODOBFM::`string'+0x2bea0 00000000`0013f290 00000000`00000000 ntdll!LdrInitializeThunk+0xe
with lines about wow64. This backtrace is useless for debugging. You're debugging a 32-bit binary on 64-bit windows with 64-bit debugging tools. You might be able to get a useful trace by installing and using the 32-bit debugging tools, but I haven't verified that.
Getting a stack trace using Process Explorer
Launch Process Explorer from the Start menu, or by running "procexp.exe".
You'll need to find the
postgres.exe instance you're interested in. It might be one showing consistently high CPU usage, but if not, see the instructions above for finding it by process ID.
Once you know which
postgres.exe backend you want to examine, double-click on it in the list in Process Explorer. In the dialog that appears open the "Thread" tab. You'll now see a list of threads. In most cases you're interested in the first thread in the list. Select it by clicking on it and click the "stack" button. After a short delay a list will appear in a new dialog, looking something like this:
ntkrnlpa.exe!KiSwapContext+0x2f ntkrnlpa.exe!KiSwapThread+0x8a ntkrnlpa.exe!KeWaitForSingleObject+0x1c2 ntkrnlpa.exe!KiSuspendThread+0x18 ntkrnlpa.exe!KiDeliverApc+0x124 ntkrnlpa.exe!KiSwapThread+0xa8 ntkrnlpa.exe!KeWaitForMultipleObjects+0x284 ntkrnlpa.exe!NtWaitForMultipleObjects+0x297 ntkrnlpa.exe!KiFastCallEntry+0xfc ntdll.dll!KiFastSystemCallRet ntdll.dll!ZwWaitForMultipleObjects+0xc kernel32.dll!WaitForMultipleObjectsEx+0x12c postgres.exe!pgwin32_waitforsinglesocket+0x1f0 postgres.exe!pgwin32_recv+0x90 postgres.exe!secure_read+0x17d postgres.exe!pq_recvbuf+0x71 postgres.exe!pq_getbyte+0x15 postgres.exe!SocketBackend+0x6 postgres.exe!PostgresMain+0xbe8 postgres.exe!BackendRun+0x204 postgres.exe!SubPostmasterMain+0x224 postgres.exe!main+0x177 postgres.exe!__tmainCRTStartup+0x10f kernel32.dll!BaseProcessStart+0x23
See how there's different text after the exclamation mark on each line? If that's not the case, your symbol path is probably set up wrong, and Process Explorer can't figure out what the program is doing. Without the text after the exclamation marks the stack trace is mostly useless, so you'll need to collect that information.
You need to copy the whole list. Click on the first entry, hold down the shift key, and press the "end" key (or scroll to the bottom and click the bottom entry), then click the "copy" button.
You can now paste the stack trace into your email program to send it to the PostgreSQL mailing list. By its self it is not useful, so you MUST provide the usual debugging information too - your OS version, PostgreSQL version, what's going wrong, what you're doing when it goes wrong, etc etc. See Guide to reporting problems.
How to make sure a stack trace is useful
A stack trace isn't always trustworthy or useful. This is particularly the case on Windows, where programs generally contain no debugging information and proper stack traces can't reliably be created without it.
If you're going to post a stack trace as part of a bug report or request for help, it's really important that it contains symbolic information about the call path, like the example posted above. If, instead, it contains just module names and numeric offsets within the modules, it doesn't tell the reader anything useful unless they know exactly what versions of the modules you have. Even then, it's difficult and cumbersome to read. So, make sure your stack trace contains lines showing
modulename!SymbolicName+offset, like this:
not just
modulename+offset this:
Take this trace, for example.
ntkrnlpa.exe+0x8dafe ntkrnlpa.exe+0x29a82 ntkrnlpa.exe+0x33198 hal.dll+0x6199 hal.dll+0x63d9 hal.dll+0x6577 hal.dll+0x3902 postgres.exe!process_implied_equality+0x18d50e
The C function process_implied_equality(...) from
backend/optimizer/plan/initsplan.c is deep in the query planner, and is (according to the comments) "currently used only when an EquivalenceClass is found to contain pseudoconstants". It's not going to be calling into
hal.dll - not, at least, without a fairly long call chain between it and
hal.dll. So we can't trust that
postgres.exe was even in the
process_implied_equality function when it called into hal.dll and if it was we don't have any idea how it got there. The call trace is basically useless.
Compare it to the example stack trace shown earlier in the article, where we can clearly see that PostgreSQL has called
WaitForMultipleObjectsEx (to wait until data is delivered to a socket) via its win32 wrapper layer from the pg_getbyte function ... and so on.
... kernel32.dll!WaitForMultipleObjectsEx+0x12c postgres.exe!pgwin32_waitforsinglesocket+0x1f0 postgres.exe!pgwin32_recv+0x90 postgres.exe!secure_read+0x17d postgres.exe!pq_recvbuf+0x71 postgres.exe!pq_getbyte+0x15 postgres.exe!SocketBackend+0x6 postgres.exe!PostgresMain+0xbe8 ...
No symbolic names? Why?
Your stack traces aren't showing !SymbolicNames, and you don't know why. Here are a few possibilities.
No symbols for the module
You might simply not have any way to get symbols for the module you're debugging. If you're finding that most of the stack trace (at least the parts in the system DLLs and NT kernel) have symbolic names shown, but other parts don't, it's quite likely you just have no debugging information (pdb files) for those parts.
This shouldn't be the case for PostgreSQL if you've set up the symbol path to point to the symbols for your version of PostgreSQL as well as the Microsoft Symbol Server, though.
_NT_SYMBOL_PATH not set
Are you sure you set the _NT_SYMBOL_PATH environment variable?
In the Start menu choose Run, then enter "cmd" and press enter.
In the resulting window, type in exactly:
set | findstr symbol
You should get the following result, allowing for differences in PostgreSQL versions, drive letters, etc:
_NT_SYMBOL_PATH=c:\program files\postgresql\8.4\symbols;SRV*c:\localsymbols*http://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;
Note that
_NT_SYMBOL_PATH is in capitals, with underscores between words and a leading underscore.
The same string should show up in Process Explorer, in Configure Symbols under the Options menu.
Add-in software firewall
Do you have an add-in software firewall installed? The firewall built in to Windows will not cause problems as it only affects listening sockets and incoming connections, but 3rd party firewalls often block outbound connections too. This may prevent access to the symbol server from working.
Make sure your software firewall allows access to
msdl.microsoft.com on port 80 (http), and/or add exemptions for
procexp.exe and
Initially written by Craig Ringer --Ringerc 10:06, 29 July 2009 (UTC)
Sections on remote debugging, software firewall, troubleshooting bad stack traces, identifying a useful stack trace, and debugging with Visual Studio added --Ringerc 06:25, 22 August 2009 (UTC)


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Submitted on January 24, 2011 at 9:53 AM
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Sweet Corn Pheromone Trap Network for Western New York,
This is a seasonal scouting report giving growers in the Western New York area information on the presence of sweet corn pests and recommendations on scouting and thresholds. The report is written by Abby Seaman, NYS IPM's Area Extension Educator for Vegetables.
For 7/20/04
ECB-E and Z race catches remain low in the western part of the trap network area but the Z race is still flying in the areas that have the univoltine (one generation) ECB-Z population. Fields with high ECB populations at tassel emergence are looking better now after well-timed tassel emergence applications. Silk stage fields should be scouted for egg masses and newly hatched larvae, especially in the areas with the one generation Z flight. A crop consultant reports emerging tassels with heavy aphid populations, and western corn rootworm chewing on silks in the western part of the trap network area. A few corn earworm and fall armyworm are being caught in a few trapping locations.
Split field demonstrations have shown that applying insecticides to corn for worm control before tassel emergence does not produce better results than waiting until the usual tassel-emergence timing. Corn started under plastic or row cover is an exception to this rule.
Fields should be first scouted for ECB and FAW larvae at early tassel emergence. Even at a location with high ECB populations, insecticide applications in bare ground fields to whorl stage corn did not result in improved control when compared with one or two well-timed applications at tassel emergence. Larvae feeding in the whorl are protected from insecticide applications and mortality will not be as high as at tassel emergence, when larvae feeding in the emerging tassel are exposed to the spray. Larvae will leave the tassel as it opens up and no longer provides a moist, protected feeding environment, and move down the plant looking for protected places to feed. Insecticide applications need to be timed to kill larvae before they bore into a new feeding location where they will be again protected from sprays. In fields with very uneven development, two applications may be necessary, one when approximately 25-50% if the tassels have emerged, and again after 75-100% of the tassels have emerged, if the field is still over threshold.
The threshold for ECB and armyworms at tassel emergence is 15% infested plants. For corn borers, look down into emerging tassels for tiny larvae or frass (white to brown material about the size of fine sand). For armyworms look for ragged feeding holes and frass pellets the texture of coarse sawdust.
Before any insecticides have been applied, scouting is fast and easy because any sign of feeding is an almost sure sign of live larvae, so it's not necessary to spend time finding the larvae. After the initial insecticide application, feeding damage may be from a larva that has already been killed, so finding the critter is more important for an accurate estimate of the number of infested plants.
Once a field is silking, the threshold drops to 5% infested plants. Scout the ear zone (roughly from two leaves above and one leaf below the ears) for ECB egg masses and ECB or FAW larvae. Egg masses are found most frequently on the underside of leaves near the midrib, and consist of approximately 10-20 flattened eggs overlapping like fish scales. Eggs are white when first laid, turning cream colored after a couple of days, and show the black head capsules of the tiny larvae through the surface of the eggs when within 1 day of hatching (the "black head" stage). Egg masses can also sometimes be found on the flag leaves of the ears or on the husk itself. Eggs take approximately 100 base 50 degree days to hatch. When temperatures are in the 70's during the day and the 50's at night egg masses will take about a week to hatch. When temperatures are in the 80's during the day and the 60's at night, they could hatch in only 4 days.
Look down into the tops of the silks for newly hatched larvae, and pull the ear away from the stalk slightly to look for larvae feeding between the stalk and the ear.


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|PostgreSQL 9.5.2 Documentation
|Appendix E. Release Notes
Release Date: 2005-01-31
This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.2.6, including several security-related issues.
A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.2.X.
Disallow LOAD to non-superusers
On platforms that will automatically execute initialization functions of a shared library (this includes at least Windows and ELF-based Unixen), LOAD can be used to make the server execute arbitrary code. Thanks to NGS Software for reporting this.
Add needed STRICT marking to some contrib functions (Kris Jurka)
Avoid buffer overrun when plpgsql cursor declaration has too many parameters (Neil)
Fix planning error for FULL and RIGHT outer joins
The result of the join was mistakenly supposed to be sorted the same as the left input. This could not only deliver mis-sorted output to the user, but in case of nested merge joins could give outright wrong answers.
Fix display of negative intervals in SQL and GERMAN datestyles
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text: Old fashioned mobsters and gangsters were always well-dressed in their suits, but they definitely had fancy footwear to match their attire. You can too for your gangster costume with a pair of our Adult Black and White Oxfords. These faux-leather and faux patent leather dress shoes have a square toe and lace up. Your costume will definitely pop with help from these dressy shoes.


text: Entertain the kids or be part of a Thanksgiving play with the Adult Pilgrim Man Costume. This outfit includes a hat, shirt, pants, and belt. The shirt is a black pull over with a wide white collar and matching white cuffs on the sleeves. The black leather-like belt fits over the waist and has a large brass buckle. The pants are black and match the shirt. They are knickers which go to just below the knees and have elastic in the cuffs. The tall black Pilgrim's hat is conical with a wide brim and a white hatband with a gold colored fabric buckle. Shoes and stockings are not included. You can get white stockings and buckle attachments for shoes separately on the site. The pumpkin and rifle are not included. We also sell Native American and women's Pilgrim outfits so that you can recreate the first Thanksgiving.