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LpR 54 | Mar/Apr 2016
> Research: Thin-Film Optics
> Connected Lighting: PoE & BLE with iBeacons
> Technology: RGBW Dimming
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Karl Jónsson
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ZHAGA Meets Smart Lighting
by Dee Denteneer, Secretary General of the Zhaga Consortium (p 08)
Tech-Talks Bregenz
Karl Jónsson, IoT Architect, Tridonic
compiled by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 38)
Thin-Film Light Management System for Intelligent Large-Area LED Luminaires
by Oscar Fernandez, Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA (p 46)
Advanced Bluetooth 4.0+ -Based Smart Lighting Technology
by Saara Guastella, Casambi (p 52)
Power over Ethernet Lighting for Commercial Buildings
by Giovanni Frezza, Molex (p 56)
Create Colorful and Bright LED Light with an LED Matrix Dimmer
by Keith Szolusha, Linear Technology (p 62)
Safety Concept for LED Street Lighting
by Andreas Schamber, Phoenix Contact (p 68)
Illuminating Education - Providing a Brighter Future for Students
by Jay Black, Revolution Lighting Technologies (p 72)
The Value of Dark Skies - About Environmentally Friendly Lighting
by J. Scott Feierabend, International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) (p 80)
ARCHIVE (for full digital subscribers only)
LpR 53 | Jan/Feb 2016
> Research: Hybrid LEDs
> Trends: Embedded Lighting
> Technology: Light Flicker
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Wolfgang Nemitz
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Design Beyond FFF
by Ed van den Kieboom, InnovationFab Events (p 08)
Tech-Talks Bregenz
Wolfgang Nemitz, Scientist, Joanneum Research
compiled by S. Luger, LED professional (p 24)
Human-Focused Outdoor Illumination: Trade-Off Between Pleasing Color and Circadian Action
by Dr. Pranciškus Vitta, Vilnius University (p 30)
White Hybrid Light-Emitting Diodes: A Plausible Solution for Commercialization and Health Issues
by Rubén D. Costa et al., University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) (p 36)
Embedded Lighting - Developing New Lighting Applications for Modern Architectural Projects
by Brad Koerner, Philips Lighting (p 44)
Light Flicker from LED Lighting Systems - An Urgent Problem to Solve
byProf. Georges Zissis, LAPLACE Université de Toulouse (p 50)
The Role of Special Optics in Human Centric Lighting and Architecture
by Anthony Ang, Suleyman Turgut & Mary Ann Giorgio, Luminit LLC (p 60)
LpR 52 | Nov/Dec 2015
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Jy Bhardwaj
> Research: Simulation of PC LEDs
> Innovations: Modules, Electronics & Plastics
> Events: LpS Review & Product Trends
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Lighting Beyond Illumination
by Heinz Seyringer, Zumtobel Group (p 08)
Tech-Talks Bregenz
Dr. Jy Bhardwaj, Lumileds, CTO
compiled by S. Luger, LED professional (p 28)
LpS 2015 – Focus on Design and Applications for Sustainable Solutions
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 32)
LpS 2015 Product Showcase – Dominated by Product Launches
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 42)
Iterative Optical and Thermal Simulation Method for Proper Simulation of PC LEDs
by Wolfgang Nemitz et al., Joanneum Research (p 48)
230 VAC Driven LED Modules with Strongly Reduced Flicker
by Wolfgang Endrich, euroLighting (p 54)
Software Design in LED Lighting Applications
by Attila Tomasovics, Infineon Technologies (p 60)
Predictive Simulation to Virtually Test Product Design and Reduce Time to Market
by Kersten Terry & Berend Hoek, Trinseo (p 66)
Mastering Thermal Issues in LED PCB Design & Laminate Selection
by Martin Cotton, Ventec Europe (p 84)
Special: Automotive
Boost-Buck LED Driver Topology for Low Input and Output Ripple for Low EMI
by Keith Szolusha, Linear Technology (p 74)
LpR 51 | Sept/Oct 2015
> Special: Zhaga's Latest Books
> Tech-Talks Bregenz: Andreas Weisl
> Graphene-Based, Spectrally Tunable, Flexible LEDs
> Measurement Uncertainty and Conformity
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Can We Have that, Please? - What We as a Manufacturer of Lamps are Looking For
by Axel Schmid, Ingo Maurer (p 08)
Tech-Talks Bregenz
Andreas Weisl, SSC Europe, Vice-President
compiled by S. Luger, LED professional (p 42)
Al2O3 Coated Europium-Activated Aluminum Silicon Nitride for COB LED Technology
by Nika Mahne et al., Graz University of Technology (p 48)
A Graphene-Based, Spectrally Tunable, Flexible Field-Effect Light-Emitting Device
by Xiaomu Wang & He Tiany et al., Tsinghua University (p 58)
Measurement Uncertainty and Conformity Assessment in Photometry
by Peter Blattner, METAS & European Association of Metrology Institutes (p 70)
Chip Arrays in SMD Packages - A New Class of LEDs
by Ralph Bertram, Osram Opto Semiconductors (p 78)
Mastering Thermal Issues in LED PCB Design & Laminate Selection
by Martin Cotton, Ventec Europe (p 84)
SpecialL: Zhaga's Latest Books
Zhaga Evolves: Focus on Component Standardization Drives New Book Development
by Musa Unmehopa & Tim Whitaker, Zhaga Consortium (p 91)
Chip-on-Board LED Modules Standardized in Zhaga Book 12
by Martin Creusen & Charles Knibbeler, Philips Lighting; Manfred Scheubeck,
Osram Opto Semiconductors; Ingo Arnrich, BJB; Nico van Stiphout, Molex (p 96)
Light-Emitting Surface (LES) Concept Enables Comparison of Photometric Properties
by Stefan Lorenz, Osram GmbH (p 100)
Zhaga Determines Thermal Fit of LED Light Engines and Luminaires
by Uli Mathis, Tridonic; Toine Staring, Philips Lighting (p 104)
DMI Specification Defines Electrical Interface between LED Drivers and Modules
by Arnulf Rupp, Osram (p 106)
LpR 50 | July/Aug 2015
> Exclusive Interview: Shuji Nakamura
> Event Reviews - Focus on Asia and USA
> Color-Tunable, InGaN Nanowire LED Arrays
> Lighting with LEDs – More than just Illuminating Objects
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Creating Growth for the Lighting Industry in Europe with New Opportunities
by Diederik de Stoppelaar, LightingEurope (p 06)
Exclusive Interview
Nobel Prize and Global Energy Prize Winner Prof. Shuji Nakamura
compiled by S. Luger, LED professional (p 30)
Flexible OLEDs for Lighting Applications
by Tanzim Baig, Holst Center (p 40)
InGaN Nanowire LEDs to Make Light Mixing Efficient and Smart
by Prof. Zetian Mi et al., McGill University (p 44)
New Class of Siloxane Polymers for Advanced LED Packaging
by Dr. Juha Rantala et al., Inkron (p 48)
Lightfair 2015 – A Grand Show with Work Still Remaining
by Dr. M. Nisa Khan, LED professional (p 54)
GILE 2015 Trends – LED Chips, LED Packages, Drivers & Controls
by A. Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 64)
LED Lighting Taiwan 2015 – Strong Focus on UV and IR
by A. Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 72)
Lighting with LEDs – More than just Illuminating Objects
by M. Canazai & W. Pohl et al., Bartenbach (p 78)
LpR 49 | May/June 2015
> International Year of Light 2015
> Wafer Level Packaging
> Thermal Management of LEDs
> Tech-Talks Bregenz: Daniel Doxsee
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A Confusing Situation that Demands Solutions: Performance Specification
by Jacob Nuesink, DEKRA Certification (p 06)
First EBV Lighting Academy Summary Report
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 40)
Tech-Talks Bregenz
Daniel Doxsee, Deputy Managing Director – Nichia Chemical Europe
compiled by Dr. A. Prasad, LED professional (p 48)
A Self-Compensation Approach for Maintaining the Chromaticity Coordinates of Phosphor Converted LEDs Upon Temperature Variations
by Wolfgang Nemitz et al., Joanneum Research (p 54)
3-Pad LED Flip Chip COB
by Pao Chen, Flip Chip Opto (p 62)
Practical Estimation of Materials and Measures for Thermal Management of LEDs
by Giles Humpston, Cambridge Nanotherm (p 66)
Analytical and Numerical Studies on the Influence of the Thermal Conductivity of TIMs on the Case Temperature of LED Systems
by Vinay Pal, Nikhil Aggarwal & Rajeev Jindal, Moserbear (p 70)
LpR 48 | Mar/Apr 2015
> International Year of Light 2015 - Opening
> DC Supply Grids for LED Lighting
> Phase Cut Dimming
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Ewing Liu
> Special: EnLight Project Outcomes
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LED Innovation Will Offer a Human-Centric Smart Lighting Platform Enabling Enterprise IoT
by Frank Harder, Samsung (p 06)
Let there be Light - A Brief Overview of the Meaning of Light
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 32)
Tech-Talks Bregenz
Ewing Liu, Technical Marketing Manager at Everlight
compiled by Dr. A. Prasad, LED professional (p 42)
Direct Current (DC) Supply Grids for LED Lighting
by Prof. Eberhard Waffenschmidt, Cologne University of Applied Science (p 48)
Solving the Phase-Cut Dimming Challenge
by Craig Sharp & Bill Trzyna, CCI Power Supplies LLC (p 54)
LED Lighting for Horticulture
by Ian Ashdown, Lighting Analysts (p 60)
Special: EnLight Project Outcomes
EnLight - Next Generation Intelligent and Energy Efficient Lighting Systems
by Frank van Tuijl (p 68)
System Architecture for Distributed Intelligence
by Lex James et al. (p 72)
New Form Factor Luminaires and New Light Effects
by Herbert Weiß et al. (p 80)
The Building Blocks for Intelligent Future Luminaires
by Tim Böttcher et al. (p 86)
Peripheral Devices for the Right Light
by Werner Weber et al. (p 92)
Granular Lighting Control Enables Significant Energy Savings with Optimized User Comfort
by Eveliina Juntunen et al. (p 98)
LpR 47 | Jan/Feb 2015
> International Year of Light 2015
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik
> Well-Being in Office Applications
> Light Measurement & Quality Parameters
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Leading Article
2015 Year of (LED) Light
by Dr. Amrita Prasad, LED professional (p 32)
Tech-Talks Bregenz
Dr. Mehmet Arik, Associate Professor at Ozyegin University
compiled by Dr. A. Prasad, LED professional (p 38)
LED Office Lighting for Improved Well-Being and Performance
by Katrin Möller et al., Competence Center Light (p 42)
A New Approach to the Design of Driverless AC LED Light Engines
by Peter W. Shackle, Photalume (p 48)
Practical Estimation of Measurement Times in Goniospectroradiometry and Goniophotometry
by Dr. Günther Leschhorn, Instrument Systems (p 54)
Smart Controls
Street Lighting Evolution through LED Technology
by Sandra Solán, ELT Electronic Division (p 62)
Guidance on Specifying Solid State Lighting Luminaires
by Jaap Nuesink & Michael Schoof, DEKRA Certification (p 66)
Making Light Work – Light Sources for Modern Lighting Requirements
by Dr. James Gourlay, Design LED Products (p 72)
LEDs are Revolutionizing Light – The Past and Future of Lighting
by Stephan Wegstein, VESTEL (p 76)
LpR 46 | Nov/Dec 2014
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Prof. Jiangen Pan
> LpS 2014 Review
> Color Quality and New Binning Strategies
> SSL Cost Issues and Potentials
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Tech-Talks BREGENZ
Prof. Jiangen Pan , Founder & CTO / Everfine
by Dr. Amrita Prasad, LED professional (p 28)
LpS 2014 – Fostering the Spirit of Innovation and Engineering Arts
by Dr. A. Prasad, K. Fink & A. Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 34)
New Binning Strategy for White LEDs to Improve the Color Quality of Interior Lighting
by Dr. P. Bodrogi & Prof. T. Q. Khanh, Technical Univ. Darmstadt (p 48)
Special Topic
Cost Issues in the SSL Production Chain - From Substrate to the Luminaire
by J Norman Bardsley, Bardsley Consulting (p 52)
Cost Saving Potential with Automation and Well Designed Processes
by Olaf Baumeister, BJB (p 56)
Managing Manufacturing and Supply Chain Challenges in LED Luminaire Design
by Gelston Howell, Sanmina (p 62)
Advanced Optical Plastics Materials for LED Lighting Applications
by C. Van Nuffel, E. Wu, P. Jackson & M. Sans Peña, Styron (p 66)
Development of a Workflow for Colored Ray Data
by Nicole Stubenrauch, TechnoTeam Bildverarbeitung (p74)
Thermal Transient Testing of LEDs for More Reliable SSL Products
by Dr. Andras Poppe, Mentor Graphics (p 78)
LpR 45 | Sept/Oct 2014
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Dietmar Zembrot
> Technologies for High Quality LED Lighting
> Smart Lighting & Human Centric Lighting
> Advanced Thermal Management Technologies
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Tech-Talks BREGENZ
Dietmar Zembrot, LightingEurope, President / TRILUX, CTO
by Dr. Amrita Prasad, LED professional (p 30)
High Color-Rendering, Full-Visible-Spectrum LEDs
by David Aurelien & Mike Krames, Soraa (p 38)
Light Guide Technology for Obtaining a Different Bi-Directional Direct / Indirect Light Emission Pattern
by Brett Shriver, Global Lighting Technologies (p 46)
Thermal Management
Improving the Lifetime of Components Using Heat Conducting Plastics
by Thies Wrobel & Klaus Gebhardt, Albis Plastics (p 52)
Advanced Passive Thermal Management Solutions for High Power LEDs
by Dr. R. Bonner & P. Ritt, Advanced Cooling Technologies (ACT) (p 58)
Aspects of Intelligent Lighting
by Thomas Hauer, RECOM Engineering GmbH & Co KG (p 62)
Lighting & Building Automation Technologies
by Greg Galluccio, Leviton Manufacturing (70)
by Dr. Stefan Tasch, Lumitech & Guido Nattkemper, BAG electronics (p76)
Tuneable Solid-State Lighting to Improve Light Quality
by Uwe Thomas, LED Engin (p 82)
LpR 44 | July/Aug 2014
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Walter Werner
> Advanced Primary Optics
> LED Light Spectrum Enhancement
> Discomfort Glare Perception
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Tech-Talks BREGENZ
Walter Werner, Werner Mgmt. Services, CEO
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 28)
Advanced Primary Optics for Improved Light Efficiency and Low Cost
by Kim Sung-Phil, LG Innotek (p 34)
LED Light Spectrum Enhancement with Transparent Pigmented Glazes
by Jan-Marie A Spanard, Light Spectrum Glazes (p 40)
How To Power and Protect LEDs Properly
by Tony Armstrong, Linear Technology (p 50)
Reducing Time to Market for Cost-Effective AC LED Driver ICs
by Volker Herbig & Tilman Metzger, X-FAB Silicon Foundries (p 54)
Discomfort Glare Perception of Non-Uniform Light Sources in an Office Setting
by L. M. Geerdinck et al., Philips Research (p 58)
Concept of a Time-Proven LED Luminaire Design and Manufacturing Process
by Angela Betancourt, for Lumitec Lighting (p 64)
LpR 43 | May/June 2014
> Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Martina Paul
> Light + Building 2014: Post-Show Report
> White LED Color Design
> Smart Lighting Report
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Tech-Talks BREGENZ
Martina Paul, General Secretary, CIE
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p 34)
Light + Building Review - Trends, Innovations and Technological Tidbits
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 40)
Implementing an Automated High-Tech LED Luminaires Production Line
by Darko Crha, Data Link (p 52)
Producing Cost-Effective LED Lamps and Modules Using 3D Technology
by Barbara Stumpp & Stephan Krause, LPKF Laser & Electronics (p 58)
White LED Color Design and Variation Reduction
by Ichikawa Akira, Asahi Rubber (p 62)
Special Topic
Technology Aspects for the Smart Buildings Lighting Controls Business
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 68)
LpR 42 | Mar/Apr 2014 --- Light+Building, Lightfair International Issue
> OLED Technology Trends
> LED Technologies for Streetlighting
> Smart Lighting - Sensor & Wireless Control
> LED Reliability - Overstress & Solder Joints
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Lighting Japan – Strong Focus on OLEDs
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 30)
Interview - Prof. Fischer-Hirchert
Using LED Technology in Street Lighting
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p 42)
Solder Joint Reliability of LED Packages
by Saritha Rajamma, Cree Corp. (p 46)
Electrical Overstress Protection of LEDs with Proper Circuit Design and Layout Practices
by Ron Bonné, Takaaki Yagi & Masaki Nishizawa, Philips Lumileds (p 52)
Driving Large Scale LED Panels Efficiently
K.H. Loo, Y.M. Lai & C.K. Tse, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (p 60)
Sensor-Driven Designs to Allow More LED Bins and Lower Costs
by Sajol Ghoshal, ams (p 64)
LED Light Tile Technology for Lighting and Backlighting
by Dr. James Gourlay, Design LED Products (p 70)
ZigBee Light Link – The Technology for Residential Wireless Lighting Control
Simon den Uijl et al., The Connected Lighting Alliance (p 74)
Using Interactive Optimization Utilities to Improve LED Lightpipe Designs
Dr. Edward Freniere & Michael Gauvin, Lambda Research Corp. (p 78)
LpR 41 | Jan/Feb 2014
> Photometry Standardization
> Measurement with Integrating Spheres
> Standards for Smart Lighting
> Voltage Limits for PWM Operated LED Drivers
> Article Index 2013
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Photometry Standardization Developments for OLEDs and LEDs
by Tony Bergen & Peter Blattner, CIE Division 2 (p 24)
New EC Regulation – How to Measure Directional Light Sources
by Christian Krause, Viso Systems Aps (p 30)
Interview - Simon den Uijl
About Wireless Standards for Smart Lighting
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 34)
Optimization of SSL LED Devices
by Ralph Bertram & Alexander Wilm, Osram Opto Semiconductors (p 38)
Safety Issues for LED Drivers with PWM Operation Modes
by Siegfried Luger, Luger Research & John Showell, Product Approvals (p 44)
Using Integrating Spheres Correctly to Measure LEDs
by Mikolaj Przybyla, GL OPTIC / Just Normlicht GmbH (p 48)
by Marc Fontoynont et al., Interdisciplinary Development Team (p 52)
LpR 40 | Nov/Dec 2013
> LpS 2013 Review
> Standards & LED Measurement
> LED Drivers with Special Features
> LED Light Quality
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LpS 2013 - A Comprehensive Program, Trends, Innovations and New Product Launches
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 22)
Interview - Michael Gall & Micolaj Przybyla
Light Quality and Standardized Measurement
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 32)
LED Converter With High Dimming Performance
by Giulio Borsoi, Mathias Burger & Christian Nesensohn, Tridonic (p 38)
Intelligent Over Temperature Protection for LED Lighting Applications
by Bernd Pflaum & Hakan Yilmazer, Infineon Technologies (p 46)
HD-Retina LED Technology - Light Quality Beyond CRI
by Giulio Vezzani, Martini Light (p 52)
Light Quality and Appropriate Light Measuring Methods in Demanding Applications
by Rich Rosen, Litepanels (p 56)
Manufacturing Silicone Lenses and LED Packaging
by Tarik Karsandik, Tengifts Technology (p 60)
Special Topics
Key Technologies – Drivers of the (LED) Lighting
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 64)
LpR 39 | Sept/Oct 2013
> Reliability-Oriented Design
> Natural Design for Heat Sinks
> Micro- and Nanostructured 3D LED Technologies
> Safety Regulations & Production Testing
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Special Topics
Solid-State Lighting Considerations
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p 30)
Interview - Giorgio Anania
Status of Micro- and Nanostructured 3D LED Technologies
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 34)
Contactless LED Technology
by Alain Guimont, HEICO lighting (p 40)
The Challenge of Designing Safer LED Lighting Products
by John Showell, Product Approvals Ltd. (p 46)
Reliability Oriented Design of LED-Based Light Sources
by Matteo Meneghini et al., University of Padova, LightCube SRL (p 52)
LED and Lens Degradation Through Volatile Organic Compounds
by Edward Steinke, Cree Corp. (p 58)
Natural Design for Heat Sinks
by Ch. Herbold & C. Neumann, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (p 64)
The Necessity and Feasibility of Production Testing for LED Lighting Products
by Bernie Chang, Chroma ATE (p 70)
LpR 38 | July/Aug 2013
> In-Line Process Control
> LED Lighting Taiwan
> OLED Technology Status & Outlook
> MOCVD Platforms
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LED Lighting Taiwan Review -
Focus on Taiwan's Key Players in the SSL Market
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 30)
In-Line Process Control and Yield Management in LED Manufacturing
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 38)
OLED Technology in Lighting Applications - Current Status and Outlook
by Franco Musiari, ASSODEL (p 42)
New MOCVD Platform for Cost-Effective Production of GaN-based HB LEDs
by Shiping Guo, Advanced Micro-Fabrication Equipment Inc. (p 48)
High-Index Nanocrystals
Key to Next Generation Advancements in Lighting
by Gregory Cooper, Pixelligent Technologies LLC (p 52)
Handheld Photometry Supports LED Lighting Design
by Norbert Harkam, SalesLink GmbH / UPRtek (p 56)
Special Topic
Trends in LED Lighting Design and Function
by Mick Wilcox & Aaron Merrill, Bridgelux (p 60)
LpR 37 | May/June 2013
> Heatsinks & Silicones
> Electrical Protection of LEDs
> Fluorescent Tube Replacement
> Optical Lithography
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FL Replacement LED Tubes - Challenges and Technologies
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p32)
Digital Driver IC Chip Designs for Retrofit Bulbs
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p38)
New Optical Lithography Method for Advanced Light Extraction in LEDs
by T. Uhrmann & H. Solak, et.al, EV Group & Eulitha AG (p 42)
Thermal Management
Thermal Management for LEDs Beyond Thermal Conductivity Values
by Jade Bridges, Electrolube (p 48)
Choosing the Appropriate Heatsink for an Application
by Jürgen Harpain, Manager of Development at Fischer Elektronik (p 52)
Protecting LEDs from Electrical Overstress Faults
by Joe Dinkel & Spencer Guo, TE Circuit Protection (p 58)
LpR 36 | Mar/Apr 2013
> Printed Optics
> LED Light Bulb Technology
> Material Parameters of Optical Encapsulates
> Emission Characteristic & Efficiency
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Labeling and Certification Testing Issues
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p30)
Optics Production Technology for Customizing LED Luminaires
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p34)
How Silicones are Evolving to Meet the Growing Needs of the LED Lighting Industry
by F. de Buyl, M. Beukema and K. van Tiggelen, Dow Corning (p40)
The Influence of LED Emission Characteristics on the Efficiency of Lighting Systems
by Roland Schulz, Osram Opto Semiconductor (p46)
An Economical Omnidirectional A19 LED Light Bulb
by Chen-Peng Hsu, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) (p52)
LpR 35 | Jan/Feb 2013
> Zhaga - A Successful Strategy
> Copper Bonding Wires
> TRIAC Dimming - EMI
> Lacquer Systems for PCBs
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The Mandatory Basis for Professional LED Lighting
by Guido Nattkemper, BAG electronics Group (p 4)
LED Acceptance in the Global Lighting Market Continues to Grow
by Alan Mills, LED professional (p26)
Zhaga – A Successful Strategy for Luminary Manufacturers
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p 30)
LED & OLED Technology
Copper Bonding Wires - A Feasible Solution for LED Packaging
by Dominik Stephan & Alon Menache, RED Micro Wire (p34)
EMI Problems in TRIAC Dimmable LED Drivers
by Bianca Aichinger, RECOM Lighting (p38)
Thermal Management
Reliable Thermal Management of High-Power LEDs
by Stefan Hörth, Haeusermann (p42)
Lacquer Systems for PCBs –
Optical Requirements and Performance in Applications
by Dr. Manfred Suppa & Johannes Tekath, Lackwerke Peters (p46)
Special Topic
DC-Grids - Challenges and Chances for LED Lighting
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p52)
Article Index 2012
LpR 34 | Nov/Dec 2012
> LpS 2012 Review
> OLED Tech-Panel Discussion
> Sensors and Feedback Control
> Tunable Lens Technology
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It's the Overall Solution that Counts, Not the Single Component
by Stephan Wegstein, RECOM Lighting (p 4)
LpS 2012 Awed Lighting Experts with Its Top Class Exhibition and a New Interactive Lecture Concept
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 24)
LpS 2012 - OLED Technologies Tech-Panel Discussion
Summary of an Expert Discussion by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p 38)
Human-Centric Lighting: Sensor Technology for Full-Spectrum Lighting Solutions
by Sajol Goshal, ams (p 42)
Sensors and Feedback Control of Multi-Color LED Systems
by Thomas Nimz, Fredrik Hailer & Kevin Jensen, MAZeT GmbH (p 46)
Focus Tunable Lenses for LED Lighting
by Joerg Wertli, Optotune AG (p 50)
Thermal Management
Designing Integrated High-Power LED Systems
by A. Lohrer, Endrich Bauelemente & J. Schäfer, TURCK duotec (p 54)
LpR 33 | Sept/Oct 2012
> Special Topic: Zhaga
> Aspects of Light Quality
> Photometry for Street Lighting
> Thermal Simulations of Retrofit LED Bulbs
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Is the LED Fit for Lighting Solutions
by Peter Dehoff, Zumtobel Austria (p 4)
An LED Solution for Historic Monumental Electric Chandeliers
by Ron Ramselaar, Ramselaar Lighting Solutions & M. Brouwers, Government Buildings Agency (p 30)
Practical Results of a Gas Station Refurbishment with LED Luminaires
by Stelian Matei, Electromagnetica SA (p 34)
Development Process for a Metal-Halide Replacement LED Module
by Fred Bass, Neonlite International Ltd. & MEGAMAN (p 38)
LED Market and Development Trends from the Point of View of a Full-Range Trader in Lighting
Interview with Beate Jungwirth & Dr. Christopher Keusch from Everlight
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 42)
Thermal Management
Methods of Determining LED Operating Junction Temperature
by Mika Maaspuro & Aulis Tuominen, University of Turku (p 46)
Mesopic Photometry - An Accurate System of Road Lighting Evaluation
by Prija Jain, Surya Roshni Ltd. (p 54)
Aspects of Light Quality in Solid State Lighting
by Alexander Wilm, OSRAM Opto Semiconductors (p 60)
Additive Manufacture of Optics Goes Digital
by Marco de Visser, LUXeXceL B.V. (p 68)
Special Topics: Zhaga
Introduction to Zhaga and Zhaga's Spotlight Specification
by Menno Treffers, Philips Lighting, Zhaga's Secretary General (p 77)
Key Facts on the Mechanical Properties of Book 3 Modules
by Ralph Bertram, Osram and Martin Creusen, Philips Lighting (p 80)
Zhaga's Light Emitting Surface (LES) Concept and its Impact on the Light Distribution
by Stefan Lorenz, Osram (p 82)
Criteria of the Photometric Interface of a Zhaga Compatible LED Light Engine
by Horst Rudolph, Trilux (p 84)
The Optional Locking Ring – A Quick Connection for Zhaga's Book 3 Modules
by Matteo Raimond, A.A.G. Stucchi (p 86)
Proper Thermal Interface Calculation for an Optimized Heatsink Design
by Jan de Graaf, Philips Lighting; Uli Mathis, Tridonic and Evans Thompson, Cooper Lighting (p 90)
Testing the Thermal Interface Power of Zhaga Book 3 Modules Correctly
by Jan de Graaf, Philips Lighting; Uli Mathis, Tridonic and Evans Thompson, Cooper Lighting (p 92)
Zhaga's New Housing Strategy Simplifies Interchangeability of Electronic Control Gear
by Norbert Wittig, Panasonic Lighting Europe (p 94)
LpR 32 | July/Aug 2012
> LpS 2012 - Preview
> LED Substrate Technology
> LED Operating Junction Temperature
> Remote Phosphor Optimization
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Class Instead of Mass - Quality Makes the Difference with LEDs, too
by Sigrun Heiden, editor for the technical journal LICHT(p4)
LFI 2012, LED-Lighting and Architecture Progress
by Alan Mills, LED professional (p24)
LpS 2012 Preview - Latest Technologies, Presentations, Discussions and Networking
by Gerlinde Graf, LED professional (p28)
Metal Alloy Substrate Technology - An Alternative to Sapphire
Interview with Dr. Chuong Anh Tran, President at SemiLEDs Corp.
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p34)
Glass Optics for LED Applications
by Thomas Hessling, Auer Lighting (p38)
Thermal Management
Energy Efficiency and Thermal Simulations of a Retrofit LED Light Bulb
Experimental and Theoretical by James R. Pryde, Integrated System Technologies (p42)
Novel Approaches to Thermal Management for Power LED Packaging
by Nan Jiang, James P. Novak & Zvi Yaniv, Applied Nanotech Inc. (p50)
Special Topics
Optimizing Remote Phosphor for LED Lamp Applications
by Guenther Hasna, Optis GmbH (p56)
LpR 31 | May/June 2012
> Light+Building Review
> Zhaga Standardization
> LED Module Selection Considerations
> Driverless LED Light Engines
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The Future Lies in LED Lighting - Trade Fair Impressions of an Exhimiting Network
by Sebastian Lyschick, Osram Opto Semiconductors (p4)
Light+Building Review – Zhaga Standard, High Quality Lighting & OLEDs
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p26)
Zhaga - Insights into the New LED Lighting "Standard" for Light Engines
Interview with Zhaga spokesperson Greg Galluccio, Leviton
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p38)
LED Module Selection Considerations – The Datasheet and Beyond
by John Yriberri, Director of Global Application Engineering, Xicato (p42)
Driverless LED Light Engines
by Bob Kottritsch, Vice President, & Mike Miskin, CEO, Lynk Labs (p50)
Thermal Considerations for Driving LED Strings with CCRs
by Steve Sheard, Strategic Programs Manager, ON Semiconductor (p56)
LpR 30 | Mar/Apr 2012
> Light+Building Preview
> LED Modules & PCBs
> Phosphor Green LEDs
> Buck-Based Offline Drivers
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Solid State Luminaires Pave the Way for an Industry: From Metal Sheet Forming to Optoelectronic Systems
by Christian Hochfilzer, Regent Lighting (p4)
Light+Building Highlights – Exhibits Focus on Energy Efficiency and Versatility
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p26)
LED Technology – Changing the Component Business in the Area of Lighting
Interview with Volker Neu, Vossloh-Schwabe Optoelectronic
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p34)
New Approach for a Modular LED COB System up to 500 W
by Magnus Ahlstedt & Johann Ramchen, Optogan (p38)
PCB Design for a High End Stage Light
Stefan Hoerth, Haeusermann (p42)
Closing the Green Gap: A Long-Pass Dichroic Filter-Capped PC-LED
by Young Rag Do, Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University (p46)
Energy Efficiency of Buck-Based Offline LED Drivers
by Mikka Maaspuro, Pauli Auramaa & Aulis Tuominen, Univ. of Turku (p52)
LpR 29 | Jan/Feb 2012
> LED Driver Technologies
> Planar Remote Phosphor Technology
> Silicon Integrated Passive Device Technology
> OLED Report
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LED Lighting Trends in 2012: The Rise of Lighting Solutions?
by Pars Mukish, Yole Développement (p4)
Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) Continue to Advance
by Alan R. Mills, LED professional (p26)
Microcontroller Based LED Drivers Initiate New Potentials
Interview with Alex Zaretsky, Lighting Segment Marketing Manager, Renesas Electronics Europe GmbH
by Siegfried Luger & Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p30)
Fundamentals of Planar Remote Phosphor LEDs
by Dr. Yosi Shani, CTO, Oree (p34)
Silicon Integrated Passive Device Technology for LED Applications
by Laurent Dubos, Market Segment Director for Lighting, IPDiA (p38)
Polycarbonate Leads in LED Applications
by Bala Ambravan, Global Product Marketing Director, SABIC (p44)
Resonant Converter Based LED Drivers
by Peter B. Green, LED Group Manager, International Rectifier (p48)
DC/DC Converters Offer Flexibility when Designing LED Drivers
by Steve Roberts, Technical Director of the RECOM (p54)
Article Index 2011
LpR 28 | Nov/Dec 2011
> LpS 2011 - Review
> AC LED Technology
> Print-Optical Technology
> Fluid Cooling
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LED professional Symposium +Expo 2011
Fascinated LED Lighting Specialists from All Over the World
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p26)
New Aspects of AC LED Technologies
Interview with Manuel Zarauza,Managing Dir., Seoul Semiconductor
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p40)
LED Secondary Optics Technology
by Molly Lin, Marketing Section Manager, Ledlink (p44)
Print-Optical Technology – Manufacture LED Lenses by Stacking Droplets-On-Demand
by Richard de Vrie, CEO, Kurt Blessing, CTO, LUXeXceL Group B.V. (p48)
Effective LED Replacement Bulb Cooling by Passive Convection
by David Horn, CTO, Ronan Le Toquin, Tech. Director, Switch Lighting (p54)
LpR 27 | Sept/Oct 2011
> Enhanced LED Driving Concepts
> Patterned Sapphire Substrates
> HB-LEDs on FR4 PCBs
> Lighting Event Report
> PREVIEW - LpS 2011
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LpS 2011 Advisory Board Q & A
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p26)
LED Lighting Taiwan 2011 - Photonics is LEDs
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p28)
New Technology Concepts in the LED Lighting Industry Thomas Zabel, e:lumix
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p38)
Sapphire Wafer Wet Etching versus Dry Etching
by Carolyn Gruske & Derek Mendes, Imtec Acculine Inc. (p42)
An Advanced and Complete LED Driving Solution
by Luigi Pistoni & Massimiliano Merisio, STMicroelectronics (p48)
High-Efficient, High-Power Multi-Channel LED Driver
by Winfried Beyer & Stephan Gruber, exscitron GmbH (p54)
Special Topics
High Brightness LEDs on FR4 Laminates
by Gerhard Neumann, melecs GmbH & Co KG (p62)
LpR 26 | July/Aug 2011
> Color Conversion Technologies
> Driver Reliability
> Driver Technology for Optimized Efficiency
> Interview: Insights Into Recent LED Developments
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"Insights Into Recent LED Developments" Interview with Eric Virey, Yole Développement
by Siegfried Luger and Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 24)
"Growing GaN Epi Layers on 200 mm Silicon Substrates for LED Applications"
by Kai Cheng, Johan Dekoster, imec, and Sung Won Jun, Jose-Ignacio Del-Agua-Borniquel, Applied Materials (p 28)
"Influence of the Phosphor Selection on Lighting Quality"
by Dan O'Hare and Jonathan H. Melman, Intematix (p 34)
"Highly Efficient and Reliable Power Supply for LED Street Lighting"
by Wonseok Kang and Sungmo Young, Fairchild Semiconductor (p 40)
"LED Drivers Help to Make LED Lighting Costs Competitive without Compromising Quality"
by Steve Roberts, Recom (p 44)
"LED Driving Techniques to Hit Power Efficiency Targets of TV Backlight Systems"
by Werner Schögler, Markus Luidolt, Manfred Pauritsch and Peter Rust, austriamicrosystems AG (p 48)
LpR 25 | May/June 2011
> LED Street Lighting
> DC-Microgrids
> LED Signage Driver
> Thermal Management
> LED Investor Forum
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"LED Investor Forum 2011 - Santa Clara" by Alan R. Miles, LED professional (p26)
"LED Street Lighting - About Standards, Challenges and Misconceptions"
Interview with Prof. Tran Quoc Khanh, TU Darmstadt
by Siegfried Luger and Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p30)
"DC Microgrids and SSL - Key Components for Zero Net Energy Buildings"
by Brian T. Patterson, EMerge Alliance and Karen Lee, Osram Sylvania (p34)
"LED Driver Innovations for High-Performance Signage"
by Roland Gehrmann, Toshiba Consumer & Industrial ICs (p40)
"LED Cooling in Harsh Environments with Synthetic Jet Technology"
by Markus Schwickert and Brandon Noska, Nuventix (p44)
"Thermal Management of LED Lamps"
by A.Motoya, M. Kai, Y. Manabe and S.Shida, Panasonic Corp. (p48)
Special Topics
"HB-LED Alert Device with Intense Light Output"
by Jerry Vereen, Egret Technologies
LpR 24 | Mar./Apr. 2011
> Color Rendition Metric for LEDs
> DC-Grid & Communication
> LED Replacement Bulbs
> LED Cooling
> Optical Plastics
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"The Optical Plastics Make a Difference to a Lens"
Interview with Peter Jackson and Tsuyoshi Okii from Styron LLC
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p 28)
Active Cooled 75 to 100 W Equivalent LED Retrofit Bulbs
by Istvan Bakk, Tridonic, and Brandon Noska, Nuventix (p 32)
Re-Thinking a New Power and Control System for LED Lighting
by Mark Covaro, Redwood Systems (p 38)
Advanced Lighting Technology Needs an Advanced Color Rendition Metric
by Artūras Žukauskas, Rimantas Vaicekauskas, Vilnius University, Michael Shur, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute(p 44)
Sophisticated LED Driver Enhances Quality in Full Color Video Displays
by L. Pistoni, M. Merisiso, F. Lissoni, and W. Trovo, ST Microelectronics (p 50)
Cooling High Power LEDs
by Norbert Engelberts, Advanced Thermal Solutions (p 54)
LED professional appologizes for erroneously having published a wrong author reference for the article "Advanced Lighting Technology Needs an Advanced Color Rendition Metric" in the index of this LpR issue. The correct title and acknowledgement should be: Advanced Lighting Technology Needs an Advanced Color Rendition Metric by Artūras Žukauskas, Rimantas Vaicekauskas, Vilnius University, Michael Shur, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (p 44)
If you have downloaded your copy before April 5th, 2011, please download the newly uploaded version again!
LpR 23 | Jan./Feb. 2011
> OLED Technology & Market Trends
> Digital LED Systems - Interview
> Tunable White Light
> TRIAC Dimming
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The Display Industry Drives OLED Technology
by Alan R. Mills, LED professional (p 24)
"The Future of LED Systems is Digital"
Interview with Peter Deixler, Philips Eindhoven
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p28)
Intelligent Lighting (Part II): From Definition to Implementation
by Osama Mannan, Future Lighting Solutions (p 32)
Understanding the Pitfalls of Tunable White Light LED Systems
by Madhan Kumar, Sachin Gupta, Cypress Semiconductors (p 38)
Triac Dimmable Primary Side Regulated Flyback
by Michael Weirich,Fairchild Global Power ResourceSM Center EP (p 42)
Facts about Dimming
by Gregg Sheehan, Light-Based Technologies (p 48)
Charge Controled LED Drivers
by Jens Göhring, dilitronics (p 56)
Needed Accuracy of an LED Power Supply
by Christopher Richardson, National Semiconductors (p 60)
LpR 22 | Nov. / Dec. 2010
> Impressions from electronica
> Digital Controlled Street-Lighting
> TRIAC Dimming without Flickering
> Thermal Foldback Design
> Interview with ON Semiconductor
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Intelligent Lighting (Part1): From Definition to Implementation
by Osama Mannan, Future Lighting Solutions p26
"Status Quo and Perspectives of LED Driver ICs - Market and Technology"
Interview with Laurent Jenck and Marc Barboni from On Semiconductor
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional p32
Thermal Management
Thermal Foldback LED Design
by James Patterson, National Semiconductor Corporation p34
Dimming without Flicker for LED Lighting Applications
by Bill Weiss, Power Integrations, Inc. p38
Optimization of LED Control Powered from Line Voltage
by Erhard Muesch , ZMDI p46
Street-Lighting Solution Based on a Digital Current Control
by N. Aiello, G. Macina, ST Microelectronics - IMS Systems Lab p50
The Multi-Stage Off Line LED Driver
by Peter B. Green, International Rectifier p52
LpR 21 | Sept. / Oct. 2010
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SSL Adoption - Opportunities and Obstacles
by David Hammel, Aphos Lighting LLC (p30)
How Much Store Should the Lighting Industry Set by the ANSI Standard for LED Chromaticity
by Thierry Suzanne, Future Lighting Solutions (p34)
Factors That Drive LED Reliability
by Dr. Randy Kong, DfR Solutions (p38)
Thermal Management
Junction Temperature in Package Design – The Key To Optimal Heat Dissipation
by Kay Fernandez, Lumex (p42)
Ballasts and Drivers for Conventional and Solid State Light Sources
Authors references shown on the article page (p48)
Special Topics
CO2 Balance Sheet: Aluminum Versus Alumina Ceramics
by Dr. Meinhard Kuntz, CeramTec AG (p58)
Distribution Today – All from One Source
by Rudy Van Parijs, EBV Technical Development (p60)
LED Testing, Simulation & Manufacturing
LpR 20 | July / Aug 2010
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LED Luminaire Lifetime: Recommendations for Testing and Reporting
by DOE Lifetime and Reliability Working Group (p22)
Comparison of Test Results from Different Korean Testing Laboratories
by Dong-Hoon Lee et al., Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (p24)
LED Failure Modes and Methods for Analysis
by Holger Pross, RoodMicrotec GmbH (p28)
Considerations for Choosing a Miniature Spectrometer for LED Measurements
by Ryan M. Flaherty, Jason D. Pierce, Michelle Dean Ritchie, StellarNet, Inc. (p32)
Traffic Lights and Signage Need Intelligence
by Alex Zaretsky, Renesas Electronics Europe (p38)
Special Topics
Distributor - Arrow: From Drivers to Diodes - All from One Single Source
by Stephan Wegstein, Arrow Central Europe GmbH (p42)
LED Light Generation
LpR 19 | May / June 2010
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Event Reports
Light+Building Review
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p20)
New Era for LEDs in Lighting
by Alan R. Mills PhD., LED professional (p28)
Incandescent Replacement Lamps and Health
by Wout van Bommel, Van Bommel Lighting Consultant (p30)
The Future of OLED Lighting
by Ian Ashdown, byHeart Consultants Ltd; Brent York, Tangenesys Consulting Ltd. (p34)
LED High Bay Lighting
by Michael Schratz, Dialight Corp. (p38)
Design and Manufacture of Achromatic Lenses
by Christoph Gerhard, Dr. Geoff Adams and Stephanie Wienecke (p40)
About PLC Reliability
by Ashish Garg & Angad Singh Gill, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. (p44)
Exploration on Transmission Technology of RGB LED in Architectural Lighting
by Tiger Yen and Jerome Lee, Macroblock, Inc. (p48)
Optimizing LED Drivers for Power, Display Life and the Visual Experience
by Irene Signorino, Arkadiy Peker, Kevin Choi, Microsemi Corp. (p53)
Special Topics
Component Distributors – Partners for the LED Industry
by Ingo Guertler, Europartners Consultants; Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p58)
LED professional – Patent Report (p60)
LED Application & Lighting Systems
Issue 18 | Mar / Apr 2010
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LED in General Lighting Applications
by Günther Sejkora, items – Innovation and Technology Management (p24)
LEDs For Shop Lighting: Interview with lighting designer Simone Mariotto
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p28)
Addressing the Rising Requirements for Solid State Lighting Products
by Mitch Sayers, Cree Europe GmbH (p32)
OLED Technology – Status of a Promising Lighting Solution
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p36)
LED Retrofits for Antique Style Roadway and Walkway Lights
by Heather Goldsmith, Future Lighting Solutions (p40)
High Quality GaN Substrates for Modern LED Technology
by A.E. Romanov, et al., CJSC "Optogan" / Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS (p42)
Thermal Management
LED – Cooling and Thermal Management
by Lothar Noelle, Fischer Elektronik (p50)
Intelligent LED Driver/Controllers Becoming Standard Modules
by Albert Berghuis, eldoLED (p56)
LED professional – Patent Report (p60)
LED Thermal Management
Issue 17 | Jan / Feb 2010
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Event Reports
LED Forum Moscow 2009 & Interlight Moscow
by A. Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p18)
Thermal Management
Thermally Activated Degradation of Phosphor-Converted White LEDs
by L. Trevisanello, M. Meneghini, Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Padova (p22)
LEDs and Heat: Managed or Micromanaged
by Dan Jacobs, OPTEK Technology (p30)
Advanced Thermal Management Materials for LED Packaging
by Carl Zweben, Ph. D., Advanced Thermal Materials Consultant (p34)
Thermally Conductive Plastics: Balancing Material Properties with Application Needs
by Dr. Ir. R.H.C. Janssen, Dr. Ir. L. Douven, Dr. H. K. van Dijk, DSM Research (p38)
Driver Design Based on System Blocks
by Jon D. Pearson, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. (p42)
Annual LED professional Review (LpR) Article Index 2009 (p46)
LED professional – Patent Report (p48)
LED Testing, Simulation & Manufacturing
Issue 16 | Nov / Dec 2009
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Event Reports
OLEDs 2009
by Alan R. Mills, LED professional (p14)
A Comparison of High Level European and U.S. Product Safety Requirements
by John Showell, Product Approvals Ltd. (p16)
Low Cost of Ownership Lithography for High Brightness LED Manufacturing
by D. E. Anberg, Advanced Stepper Technology, A. M. Hawryluk, Ultratech Inc. (p22)
Practical LED Light Measurement
by Wolfgang Dähn, Bob Angelo, Gigahertz-Optik (p28)
Photometric Measurements in Modern LED Based Optical and Illumination Systems
by Juergen P. Weisshaar, Uta Vocke, opsira GmbH (p32)
Imaging Colorimetry: LED Device, Luminaire and Display
by Hubert Kostal, Radiant Imaging, Inc., Christina Boehme, SphereOptics GmbH (p36)
Thermal Management
When Designing with Power LEDs, Consider Their Real Thermal Resistance
by Dr. András Poppe, MicReD Division, Mentor Graphics Corp. (p42)
Silicones in LED's for Heat Dissipation and Improved Light Output
by Chris Dawson, ACC Silicones (p46)
Short Explanation of Critical Elements of a HB-LED Driver
by Rakesh Reddy, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. (p50)
LED professional – Patent Report (p52)
LED Primary & Secondary Optics
Issue 15 | Sept / Oct 2009
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Electrical Considerations of LED Bulbs
by Siegfried Luger, Arno Grabher-Meyer and Lukas Gorbach, LED professional (p14)
Optocouplers – A Critical Design Element in LED Bulbs
by Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p17)
Case Study – LED Solution Offers Advantages for Henkel Waste Water Plant
by Gordon Routledge, Dialight, Boris Viner, Consultant to Dialight (p20)
High Efficiency Reflective Mirror Type LED
by Shigeru Yamazaki, Alpha-One Electronics Ltd. (p24)
All Facts for Choosing LED Optics Correctly
by Tomi Kuntze, LEDIL Oy (p28)
Primary and Secondary Optic Materials - LED Luminaire Performance and Lifetime
by Thomas Brukilacchio, Ph.D., Innovations in Optics Inc (p32)
Shaping the Beam – the Role of Primary and Secondary Optics
by Rudi Hechfellner, Philips Lumileds; Dave Cohen, Fraen Optical Manufacturing Group (p40)
Save Space with Focus Tunable Lenses
by Mark Blum, MSc EE , Manuel Aschwanden, PhD , David Niederer, MSc ME, Optotune (p43)
Parameters to Consider for LED Optics Design
by Guido Campadelli, Fraen Corporation (p46)
LED professional – Patent Report (p48)
Light Generation
Issue 14 | July / Aug 2009
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Using RGB LEDs for Multi-Color Sign Applications
by Andreas Pohl, Avago Technologies (p12)
Effective Illumination for Internally-lit LED Signs
by M. Nisa Khan, Ph.D., LED Lighting Technologies (p16)
Interview with Navid Delassaee - Citizen Electronics
by Siegfried Luger, LED professional (p20)
Quantum Dots in LED Lighting: Improving Color Quality Without Sacrificing Efficiency
by Dr. Sridhar Sadasivan, Dr. Seth Coe-Sullivan, QD Vision, Inc. (p22)
Chip-Array-on-Ceramic LED: A Versatile Solution to High Performance LED Luminaires
by Dr. Gang Wang, Dr. Ian Collier, Dr. Ilkan Cokgor, Harik Su and Dr. Yi-qun Li, Intematix (p26)
Primary Side Regulation: Low Cost and High Efficiency Offline LED Driver
by Hangseok Choi, Fairchild Semiconductor (p30)
Thermal Derating of LEDs
by Steve Roberts, Recom (p32)
Thermal Management
Thermal Management of High Power LEDs
by Norbert P. Engelberts, Advanced Thermal Solutions (p36)
LED professional – Patent Report (p40)
Thermal Management
Issue 13 | May / June 2009
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Methodology for Thermal and Electrical Characterization of Large Area OLEDs
by A. Poppe et al, Budapest Univ. of Tech., Mentor Graphics, Philips Research Lab. (p15)
On the Standardization of Thermal Characterization of LEDs
by A. Poppe et al, Budapest Univ. of Tech., Mentor Graphics, Philips Research Lab. (p22)
Effect of Thermal Environment on LED Light Emission and Lifetime
by Cathy Biber, Ph.D., Biber Thermal Design, Ltd (p30)
Advantages of Integrating Power and Control for LED Lighting Applications
by Gavin Hesse and Rakesh Reddy, Cypress Semiconductor (p36)
Constant Current Regulators Support LED Lighting Solutions
by Tim Kaske, Paul Decloedt, ON Semiconductor (p40)
Thermal Management
Comparison of Passive and Active Cooling Effectiveness
by Che Cheung, Brandon Noska and Kim van der Heide, Nuventix (p42)
Thermal Management of High-Power LED Systems
by Maurice J. Marongiu, PhD, MJM Engineering Co. (p47)
Selecting the Right Thermal Interface Material for LED Applications
by Robert Kranz, Dr. Richard Hill, Laird Technologies, Inc (p50)
Thermal Management of Sophisticated LED Solutions
by Dr. Michel Kazempoor, PerkinElmer (p53)
Design Process for a Customer-Specific Ceramic Heat Sink
by Rüdiger Herrmann, CeramTec AG (p56)
LED professional – Patent Report (p60)
LED Applications & Lighting Systems
Issue 12 | March / April 2009
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LED Makeover, Yielding 90% Energy Saving
by Alexander Mueller, Future Lighting Solutions (p16)
ALADIN – An Advanced Lighting System for Improved Health and Wellbeing
by Edith Maier, Walter Ritter, Univ. of Appl. Sciences Vorarlberg, and St. Gallen (p20)
A New White Light Solution Using an End-User Design Approach
by Gary Trott, Cree LED Lighting (p28)
Merging Technology and Biomorphic Design
by Christie Liu, BComm Marketing & Lumolar (p32)
Light 2.0: LEDs Create an Entirely New Generation of Lamps
by Andreas Biß, Sharp Microelectronics Europe (p34)
The Future of LED Illuminators
by John Popovich, Column8 (p38)
Thermal Management
Ceramic Simplifies Heat Dissipation
by Dr. Armin Veitl, Altair Engineering GmbH (p45)
LED Electronics
Issue 11 | Jan/ Feb 2009
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Defining Lighting Class LEDs
by Ralph Buehler, Cree Inc. (p14)
Jet Dispensing Technology for Capillary Underfiller
by Anton Knupfer, Essemtec AG (p18)
Off-Line LED Control Circuit
by Tom Ribarich, International Rectifier (p21)
Current Uniformity for LED Display Drivers
by Frank Shih, Macroblock (p25)
Driving Compact Lamps Having High-Brightness LEDs
by Rafael A. Pinto et al., Federal University of Santa Marial (p29)
Basic Topologies for Driving LEDs
by Steve Winder, Supertex Inc. (p33)
LED System Simulation and Testing
Issue 10 | Nov/Dec 2008
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LED Lighting Technology Fundamentals and Measurement Guidelines
by M. Nisa Khan, Ph.D., LED Lighting Technologies (p14)
CIE 1964 Colorimetric Observer Chart Improves White Light Quality
by Peter Pachlar, Tridonic Atco Optoelectronics (p16)
White Light LEDs – Importance of Accepted Measurement Standards
by Dr. Thomas Nägele; Instrument Systems GmbH (p22)
The Role of Miniature Spectrometers for LED Measurements
by Jorge Macho, Ocean Optics (p26)
LED Encapsulant Epoxy Curing Optimization
by Bit Tie Chan, Avago Technologies (p30)
LED Source Modeling Method Evaluations
by Mark Jongewaard, LTI Optics and Kurt Wilcox, Ruud Lighting (p34)
Simulation and Optimization of Optical Systems
by Dr. Norbert Harendt, IB/E OPTICS and Christoph Gerhard, LINOS Photonics (p40)
Thermal Management
Simulating Device Thermal Performance Using PLECS
by Dr. John Schönberger, Plexim GmbH (p44)
Annual LED professional Review (LpR) Article Index 2008 (p46)
LED Optics
Issue 09 | Sept/Oct 2008
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Progress in LED and OLED Display Technologies
by M. Nisa Khan, Ph.D., LED Lighting Technologies (p14)
Microstructured Optics for LED Applications
by Arthur Davis, Reflexite Optical Solutions Business (p18)
Review of SMS Design Methods and Real World Applications
by Oliver Dross et al., Light Prescriptions Innovators LLC (p33)
Plastic Optics Enable LED Lighting Revolution
by Tomi Kuntze, LEDIL Oy (p41)
New Drive Circuit Supports Wide DC Input and Output Range
by Bernie Weir, ON Semiconductor (p44)
Simple and Accurate Constant Current Sensing for Non-Isolated LED Drivers
by John S. Lo Giudice, STMicroelectronics (p47)
Reliability Test of LED Driven by PWM Technique
by B. J. Huang et al., National Taiwan University (p49)
LED Solar Street Lighting
Issue 08 | July/Aug 2008
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City of Kelowna Goes Green with Solar-Powered Area Lighting
by Anthony Tisot, Carmanah Technologies Corporation (p16)
Solar LED Street Lighting
by Steffen Block, OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH, Gerhard Walch, Franz
Jungwirth, EPS soltec, and Arno Grabher-Meyer, LED professional (p18)
Integrating Sphere Applications for LED and Solar Cell Measurements
by Sid Rane, SphereOptics (p24)
NIST/DoE: Standards Set for Energy-Conserving LED Lighting (p27)
Nano-Patterned Sapphire Substrates Improve Performance of GaN-LEDs
by Haiyong Gao, et al, Semiconductor Lighting Technology Res. and Dev. Center (p28)
LED Efficacy: A Matter of Die Structures
by Arno Grabher-Meyer , LED professional (p29)
Increasing Light Extraction Efficiency of GaN LED Chips
by Song, Mi Jeong, Ph.D.; Leniachine, V; Jeong Wook, Lee, Ph.D.; Samsung Research (p34)
A Status on Solar Cell Technology
by Anil Sethi, Flisom AG (p41)
Solar Driven LED Systems
by Peter B. Green, International Rectifier (p44)
High Efficiency Power Supply for LED Street Lighting Illumination
by Luca Salati, STMicroelectronics (p48)
International Fairs, Synthetic Jet Technology,
Photonic-Lattice Technology
Issue 07 | May/June 2008
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Forethoughts on LED Breakouts in Signage
by M. Nisa Khan, Ph.D., LED Lighting Technologies (p16)
Integrated, Exergy-Efficient Office Solution Requires LED General Lighting
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LED-Systems in Shoplighting by Andreas Siegmund, OSRAM GmbH
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High Tech for Time Square's New Years Eve Ball by Jason Harris Koonce, e:cue Lighting Control
Visual Perception Issues of LED Applications by Ingrid M.L. Vogels, Pieter J.H. Seuntiens and Dragan Sekulovski, Philips Research Europe
Measurement of LEDs by Yoshi Ohno, Cameron Miller, and Yuqin Zong, National Institute of Standards and Technology
High Performance Multi-Color LEDs in Chip-On-Board Technology by Oliver Kückmann and Jörg Hannig, PerkinElmer Elcos GmbH
White Light LED Technology with Increased Efficiency and Variable CCT by Erwin Baumgartner, Lumitech GmbH
LED Binning: A Process to Watch by Joe Mazzochette, Lamina
TRIZ Introduction by Siegfried Luger, LED professional
LED Thermal Management
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text:
New BAYSIDE song on VictorMe and iTunes
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Watch The Video Premiere Of "Good Terms" at Alternative Press.
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Watch "Back Breaker" at New Noise.
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Jungle Rot Dispatch 'Doomsday' Video
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Watch "Doomsday" at Noisey/Vice.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
The release date for the game is finally here and I'm sure everyone will be dieing to voice their opinions on the game as well as post reviews from other websites. Instead of having thousands of post with different reviews, I figured it would be easier to have one thread dedicated to Jurassic Park reviews.
I haven't been able to play it yet but I will be posting seperate reviews for each episode here as I finish them.
So if anyone wants to share their opinon after finally getting to play the game, or want to share links to reviews of the game from other website here's a great thread to do it.
And, of course, try to use those Spoiler tabs when needed!!!


text:
Fight to the finish in Abu Dhabi to win the GCT crown
The stage is set for a fight to the finish in Abu Dhabi with three riders in contention for the 2012 championship after a dramatic night of show jumping at GCT's debut in Vienna.
The 11th leg of the Global Champions Tour delivered a Grand Prix packed with surprises and left Edwina Tops-Alexander and Rolf-Göran Bengtsson on equal points in the GCT ranking - but with Edwina still leading due to her win in Doha at the start of the season. After the Grand Prix Edwina said: "We are both going to give it our best shot." It means the final event of the 2012 season in Abu Dhabi in November will be the most dramatic climax to a GCT year.
The magnificent floodlit Rathaus City Hall towered over the action-packed showground where public grandstands and VIP tribunes were at bursting point for the Grand Prix, which was won in style by Pénélope Leprévost of France on Mylord Carthago. The historic and cultural Austrian capital has never seen an equestrian event like it. All the rides praised the venue as "amazing" and "beautiful". .
GCT Abu Dhabi will be the focus of the show jumping world as the top riders head to the Middle East with the closest ranking battle in the history of the series. Edwina Tops-Alexander and Rolf-Goran Bengtsson are neck and neck on points - but Edwina currently has the edge with her 40-point highest score win from Doha at the start of the year. It will be an epic duel between the two champion riders at the Al Forsan International Sports Resort.
Global Champions Tour Vienna
Fight to the finish in Abu Dhabi to win the GCT crown


text:
War and Peace is one of the greatest monuments in world literature. Set against the dramatic backdrop of the Napoleonic Wars, it examines the relationship between the individual and the relentless march of history. Here are the universal themes of love and hate, ambition and despair, youth and age, expressed with a swirling vitality which makes the book as accessible today as it was when it was first published in 1869.
In addition it is, famously, one of the longest books in Western literature and therefore a remarkable challenge for any reader. Neville Jason read the abridged version of War and Peace and proved his marathon powers with his outstanding performance of Proust's Remembrance of Things Past. These make him the ideal narrator to essay Tolstoy's epic.
War and Peace was translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude.
© and (P) Naxos Rights International
"War and Peace presents us with a complete picture of human life; a complete picture of the Russia of those days; a complete historic picture of the struggle of nations; and a complete picture of the things in which men set their happiness and greatness, their sorrow and their shame." (A.V. Knowles, Tolstoy: The Critical Heritage)
"There remains the greatest of all novelists - for what else can we call the author of War and Peace?" (Virginia Woolf)
"A long book, but at least the chapters are short"
Neville Jason does a good (but not great) job reading this longest of long books. The dialogue, as read, is more dynamic than the narration; and the men are voiced more effectively than the women. (Unfortunately, given the amount of time she spends "onscreen," I found Jason's reading of Natasha to be somewhat shrill.) The Frederick Davidson recording is more dynamic, but Davidson's voice seems to rub a lot of people the wrong way. Jason at least has a smooth and mellow voice, and his reading is clear and unhurried.
This is the Maude translation, and Naxos (and Audible) get five stars for making it available in an attractive and accessible format. There are fourteen books in "War and Peace," plus an epilogue, and the recording is divided by book, with a chapter mark for each chapter: so it's very easy to find your way around and know exactly where you are in the story. The idea that you can get the whole thing for only two credits is amazing.
The book is long, some 70 hours or more, but most of the chapters are short and full of absorbing detail. The chapters that aren't -- where Tolstoy lays out his philosophy of history, or summarizes some of the larger historical context from 50,000 feet -- can probably be skipped without great loss. (To oversimplify, Tolstoy basically seems to be saying that while individuals think they have free will in an individual sense, when you step back and look at events from a larger perspective you see that reality is overdetermined and that what happened was inevitable. He also suggests that the "great man" theory of history is seriously flawed, because all the kings of the earth can't do squat without the individual acts of every single pawn.)
I realize that's heresy, but it would be better to get the story and skip the philosophy than to skip the book altogether. The story itself is incredible.
Love having someone read me a story. Fires in the hearth, rain on the roof, sunny days and surf. Good friends, good food and J S Bach.
"Way to Go. This Way."
If you are like me and have tried to read this book and given up , then this is the way to go. Neville Jason does read well.
The names both familiar and formal are accepted by the English speakers' ear and are recognized......Phew....... And it is possible to relax and enjoy this great book. History unfolds as the narrative progresses. Some books lead me to research more than the story tells.....and....................
Apart from learning more about Napoleon, I became very curious about when and how slavery come to Russia.
A great book and a journey into the past too.
"Definitely worth a listen..."
I love listening to audiobooks as I make my commute through LA traffic. It makes the time pass and eases the anxiety of people who shouldn't have a license.
Tolstoy's War & Peace gives a fairly accurate portrayal of life among the upper class Russian society during the Napoleonic Wars. It gives a historical account of the war between Napolean and Alexander, all the while set behind the facade of several interwoven upper class Russian families. It's a very entertaining, and classic work, from one of Russia's greatest novelists. It doesn't however touch upon the poverty stricken serfs who made up the majority of the population of Russia at the time. In this case, I've always felt Dostoyevsky does a much better job in capturing a more realistic portrayal of Russian society. Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamozov both give you a better look at the social climate of the period, if that's what you're looking for.
In other words. It's kind of a cool story about rich people during a war. It can be a little boring in places, but if you like history, you'll probably like the book. And it takes a good chunk of time out of a commute of a long car trip!!! LOL
T Rex
"Beyond Magnificence"
From Mr. Jason's first utterance until 60 hours later his last syllable of Leo Tolstoy's magnum opus "War and Peace" I was living in Russia. Living with the aristocracy, peasants; cavalry and Cossacks. Soldiers and surfs. In castles, dungeons, town houses, huts and tents, ballrooms and battlefields.
Not for one moment was I distracted or aware of time's passage.
I listened to W & P right after "Anna Karinina". There is not enough Tolstoy. How can one comprehend this man's mind? You can not.
On to Dostoyevsky. Russian literature, what transcendent joy.
"Epic historical novel PLUS....."
Impossible to categorize this huge work. A beautifully written historical novel of the Russian aristocracy, woven together with a carefully detailed examination of Napoleon's invasion of Russia, battle by battle, and lastly Tolstoy's theories on how and why these events occurred.
The scope of this book is stunning, the characters unforgettable. Although more approachable than I anticipated, the exhaustive historical detail and Tolstoy's emphatic philosophical discourses make this more than a little challenging.
That being said, I thoroughly enjoyed this book, absolutely recommend it, and will probably revisit it sometime in the future. Right now, however, I'm ready for some mindless escapism!!
"Great Book and a Great Narrator"
I really enjoyed the first volume of this book. Neville Jason is a tallented narrator and makes the story easy to follow with identifiable and unannoying voices. I highly recommend this audiobook.
"Like nothing ever written"
I do have some quibbles, however, and that's with the epilogue, especially the second epilogue.
Tolstoy makes some interesting points in the otherwise dull and lifeless epilogue - the concept of an objective observer predates Einstein in many ways - but he really, really did not need to go one and on about a point he already made through the course of the novel proper. Of course much time (and tastes) have changed sine he wrote this and a modern author wouldn't dare tell the reader what to think and what lesson to take away from a book (show, don't tell), but even forgiving the style, Tolstoy tries too hard to hammer home a point he can't put into words very well.
Sure, he wants to say that above all, beyond power and influence and even time and space, only one thing can be the cause AND effect of all earthly concerns, but his own logic betrays his hypothesis. He never once applies the same rules of his line of reasoning to his supernatural explanations for the human condition. Yes, man has no true and complete 'free will' nor does he owe every decision of his life to that of a controlling master, yet to say that only something that exists completely out of time and space (and therefore not subject to the rules he lays out in his logic) is a cop-out. He just wants to prove there is a god and he fails because like the historians he condemns for the shortsightedness, the more power one has the less influence they wield at the lowest level.
I actually felt bad for Tolstoy reading that second epilogue because he otherwise made his point quite clear before then too. I mean, the whole reason why War and Peace is so long is to convey that great sense of time needed to see things in a greater context and too explain how complicated and messy life really is. He couldn't do that in a smaller book and certainly not in an epilogue.
Yet the novel is a complete masterpiece, even with this one flaw because it's so grand, so complete, so observant and so mesmerizing that at times we feel like a god looking down on his creation and being able to see and hear and know the deepest thoughts and fears and foibles of everyone alive at any given moment. Tolstoy basically allows us to play the great deity he tries so hard to prove exists externally of the universe; god is not 'out there', he's us. He's each of us. He's the confused mess of stumbling humanity haplessly slouching towards some unknown and unforeseen future that never could have been predicted to begin with. The ebb and flow of history is made up of a billion billion vibrating lives each pressing against each other in a dance like that at a great Russian soiree and every so often a beautiful songbird flutters into the room, delights everyone for an instant and inspires us to love.
I don't know who I am.
"Concerning the translation"
This is the Leo Wiener translation from 1904 if anyone is interested. There are nine other english editions. I have not read the other editions, but this one was an incredible read/listen, and I highly recommend it :)
This is a world classic.Although it might seem long and tedious,this should not frighten you.
Every sentence is narrated beautifully by Neville Jason who did an incredible job.
He narrates with great sensitivity and gives each character his/her unique ,discernable voice.
He seems to have a deep understanding of the text as well as of the characters ,adding a dimension of empathy to their stories.
I enjoyed every minute of listening,looking forward to the next sentence.
War and Peace is jusifiably a top world classic of all times................Enjoy!
"Great book, superior performance"
This applied to both volumes. The book is famously long, so I might want to listen again, but a few years down the road. The vast panorama of Napoleon's 1812 invasion of Russia is covered in all phases with historical accuracy and a large cast of diverse characters. Tolstoy's psychological insights are right-on and applicable today. His descriptions of the battles are mesmerizing - you can almost smell the gunpowder. Truly a literary masterpiece, but requiring a bit more work on the part of the listener/reader than Anna K.
The retreat of Napoleon from Moscow (to be duplicated by Hitler over a century later - didn't he read War and Peace?) induced by the spirit and tactics of the out-manned Russian military (with an assist from the Russian winter).
This is a close call between several, but I have to go with Prince Andre.
No, for an obvious reason.
The performance by N. Jason was brilliant. I wish I could give him more than 5 stars. Simply the best performance in any audio book I have listened to. Makes you feel that you are sitting in a movie theater.
Two suggestions: obtain before reading:
1. A list of characters and their relationships.
2. Maps of the Napoleonic invasion, esp. the battle of Borodino.
I found both on the Internet.
I need to refute the previous review. The range of Jason's voice and interpretation is astounding. As for the story and how it is written, never fear. This is a long and engrossing historical novel with plenty of wide panaoramic views and attention to romantic and period detail. Situations are described in their essence and the flavour of the time thoroughly captured. The spiritual aspect of Tolstoy's tale is as gripping as the unfolding of the events.It is fabulous!
"Better than I remembered"
I read War and Peace about thirty years ago. Having now completed listening to both volumes all I can say is it is better than I remembered. As a twenty year old I was obsessed with the lives of the protagonists. Now I'm in my fifties I was much more interested in Tolstoy's discussion of the how the war happened almost independently of the activities of Emperors and Generals. The final epilogue to volume 2 is a fascinating discussion of free will.
The narration was excellent throughout. I will definitely be listening to some more "classics".
"Beautifully narrated classic"
I cannot fault this recording. This lengthy and increasingly discursive novel is not for everyone but is much more accessible via the spoken word. If you have always felt that you should have read it but could not face the sheer length, give Volumes 1 & 2 from Audible with its excellent narration a try.
Having read this book more than once before listening I believe I have gained even more from this audio version.
"Truly Epic"
I'm sure that there are very many better and more detailed reviews of War and Peace, but for me this has been very much worth the time. The reading is simply superb and quite frankly leads you through it skilfully and carefully. The characters soon become well known and though the style is long ( hurry up and die will you) the story is highly entertaining and a deep insight into the time and culture. Go for it!
"Great reading of a classic!"
If it were up to the reading alone, I would give this audiobook at least a four-star. Neville Jason read it well and made it enjoyable to listen to. Unfortunately, as highly praised as the book is, I did not enjoy it as much. It's long, and at times winded. I am not one to be daunted by big books, and without a doubt Tolstoy's writing is lasting, but the vastness of the tale just did not manage to capture me. At times the story managed to transported me to 19th century Russia, but other times it talked about such miniscule things and so many people that I just couldn't keep my interest at bay. I enjoyed the Peace part, not so much the War part or the essaying like in the Second Epilogue.
"Classic despite the unexpected philosophising"
Loved this book. Totally engaging from start to finish expertly characterised by Neville Jason. Tick on this years audio bucket list. 70 odd hours of listening pleasure.
"A beautiful and very moving story"
Right next to War and Peace, Volume 1, to be honest - in a class of their own.
Surprisingly, the length of it. You start to feel as if you know the characters as well as the people in your own life, as if you're there with them at the opera and on the battlefield.
My mother's favourite character is always Andrei, which I respect but don't understand. I felt a great affection towards Nikolai, but also Sonia, who asks for nothing and gets very little. Natasha is entertaining, but terrifyingly unpredictable and apparently set on self-destruction, and as for Pierre, he seemed to go off the rails after his marriage to Helene.
Both, in different places. The strongest emotional reaction I had to it was during the chapters on the Battle of Borodino. I came out of those chapters as if shell-shocked, utterly sickened by the carnage and destruction. I actually felt sorry for Anatole Kuragin, when only a few chapters before, he seemed the most unspeakably terrible character.
As usual - shame about the epilogue. Tolstoy wasn't thinking straight when he wrote that!
"A masterpiece read magnificently"
I highly recommend this recording. Neville Jason is no only a great actor, he clearly has read ahead and comprehended every word. He gets the tone just right, from the characterisation to the energy and vehemence in Tolstoy's voice as he rants about the state of history. An epic piece in which both the philosophical ideas and central story are made compelling by a great reader.
"Had to be done"
Everyone should read War & Peace, it's said. Well, it was worth the listen, but probably only just. This tour de force is enormously long and could have been improved by a judicious editor. The biggest surprise was how little I liked the main characters. It did make it a little hard to care as their stories developed. And the least worst of them was the only one to die an untimely death. It was interesting to hear (and compare) a Russian, and now itself historic, perspective on the Napoleonic Wars, but no-one would accuse Tolstoy of subtlety, and ultimately the didacticism became an irritant. Had to be done, but I won't be doing it again.
"Thank god you can alter the narration speed!"
They're both good to use, I went between both.
The author occasionally stopped to analyse what was going on and talk about its place in history.
The narrator reads very very slowly so i had to alter the speed, 1.5x made it normal reading speed but i put it to 2x sometimes too as it was still understandable but a little quicker.
There were some moments that really made me think, about people, war and history.
Just to say again that you might need to speed the book up when you listen to it because the narration is very slow.
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text: The intellectual venturer Intellectual Ventures 06 January 11 by Michael Watts This article was taken from the February 2011 issue of Wired magazine. Be the first to read Wired's articles in print before they're posted online, and get your hands on loads of additional content by subscribing online.There has never been a company quite like Intellectual Ventures: It's a hybrid of think tank, private-equity firm, venture-capital investor, research and development lab and law firm.In a little over a decade since it was founded by two former Microsoft executives -- Nathan Myhrvold and Edward Jung (later joined by Peter Detkin, a former Intel intellectual-property lawyer) -- it has never brought a single product to market under its own name. As Jung likes to say, "Our best years are still ahead of us."The partners may have learned from Bill Gates that it's not enough to be technologically brilliant or ruthless in business -- you must also set out to change humanity. Thousands of inventions have poured out of IV, spanning computer software and hardware, user-interface design, semiconductors, biomedical devices, advanced medical procedures, digital imaging, nanotechnology, nuclear energy and advanced particle physics. They range in importance from modified red-blood cells that deliver cancer treatment, to temperature-controlled kegs for beer and wine. That one has Gates's name on the patent application.Among the headliners is the Salter Sink, a wave-powered pump that diffuses the energy of hurricanes by funnelling to colder depths the warm ocean-surface water that they feed on; it was developed with Stephen Salter, an engineering professor at Edinburgh University. A second invention, the Stratoshield, mimics the temperature-cooling effect of some volcanic eruptions by hosing sulphur-dioxide particles high into the stratosphere. Lowell Wood, an IV associate and retired nuclear weapons expert, calls it "doping the stratosphere".Another high-profile development is TerraPower, IV's practical design for a new kind of "travelling wave" nuclear reactor that can run largely on depleted uranium, the waste by-product of uranium enrichment, of which there are untold tonnes in the world. According to IV, existing stockpiles in the US represent an energy resource equivalent to electricity worth roughly £600 billion.IV's ideas are tested, where possible, in a plain, hangar-like space in Bellevue, Washington State, near Seattle. It has a blue-and beige linoleum floor that's partitioned into rooms of varying sizes. The space is personalised by quirky paraphernalia: a big model biplane hangs from the ceiling; a photo sequence of a corn kernel popping hangs on one wall; a mounted, Star Wars-type blunderbuss fashioned from a hand drill is proudly displayed on a shelf. There are whiteboards teeming with equations and, plastered everywhere, favourite quotes from scientists and inventors, especially Thomas Edison. The company's intellectual engine-room is a plain conference suite in the laboratory. This is where IV's famous "invention sessions" are held. What was once a series of feverish ruminations between Myhrvold and Jung (with a patent attorney to record ideas) is now a regular gathering of physicists, bioengineers, doctors, programmers, scientists, chemists and others, from prestigious institutions such as the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California."We wanted to solve the big problems that Microsoft alone could not solve," says Jung, explaining why, on July 1, 1999, he and Myhrvold left their lucrative jobs with Microsoft. A Korean-American, born and raised in upstate New York, Jung speaks softly in calm, measured paragraphs. "For example, I was interested in the problems of developed-world healthcare and how we're going to avoid healthcare systems becoming bankrupt. So, to get funding, Nathan and I began selling our brains."Jung, 47, now IV's chief technology officer, had a wide-ranging brief while at Microsoft -- he managed projects relating to web platforms, intelligent operating systems and artificial intelligence -- and has a strong background in biomedicine, notably protein-structure research. He's currently a strategic adviser to Harvard Medical School, the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the Institute for Systems Biology. Myhrvold, 51, IV's most public face, is a graduate of Princeton who studied quantum theories with Stephen Hawking at Caius College, Cambridge, and then took a leave of absence to launch his own startup, Dynamical Systems Research. He never returned to Cambridge, instead selling Dynamical Systems to Microsoft in 1986 and becoming its chief technology officer.The day after announcing he was leaving Microsoft, Myhrvold recalls getting an email from Hawking, saying, "Shall I clean the office out for you?" Myhrvold laughs: "I did think about going back [to Cambridge]. It was a wonderful time, working for him. It's impossible to feel sorry for yourself if you work for Stephen Hawking." Myhrvold has expressed his gratitude by helping to persuade Gates to fund Microsoft Research Cambridge. "I figured that that was a good thing to do."Myhrvold has two master's degrees from UCLA: one in mathematics, geophysics and space physics, plus another in mathematical economics at an advanced level, as well as a PhD in theoretical and mathematical physics from Princeton. His hobbies include collecting dinosaur fossils and studying volcanoes, and his extraordinary modernist house on Lake Washington is now a destination on Seattle celebrity tours. Myhrvold is someone you would invite to a dinner party and beg to hog the conversation, with the corollary that, as a trained French chef and winner of a world barbecue championship, he could also cook the meal, photograph the food (he's a prize-winning photographer) and critique it (his sous vide techniques have been featured in the New York Times, and he was once chief gastronomic officer for the Zagat restaurant guides).In March, in the US, he will publish a six-volume, 2,400-page series entitled Modernist Cuisine: The Art and Science of Cooking, written with Chris Young and Maxime Bilet, two former chefs from Heston Blumenthal's restaurant The Fat Duck. For several years, the authors have been working on food experiments and recipes with a 20-strong team at a kitchen within the lab. The Modernist Cuisine series will cost $625 (£400). IV calls it a revolution in molecular gastronomy whose impact on what we eat will be akin to the convulsive effect of Impressionism on French art. The volumes describe a culinary world of water baths, homogenisers, hydrocolloids and emulsifiers, and are "destined", according to IV literature, "to reinvent cooking"."Here's a terrible story," says Myhrvold, sitting in the invention room. "We had a bunch of energy sessions a couple of years ago and one of the problems was blow-out containment of undersea wells. I kid you not." Myhrvold has a high, almost strangled voice when he gets excited, and a vivid, theatrical manner. "And we decided not to do it because we were advised by industry consultants that it was a solved problem. I'm ashamed to admit it, but we said, 'OK, if it's solved and no one gives a shit, we'll go on to something else.'" His fair, cherubic curls are greying, but he remains irrepressibly boyish and infectious in his enthusiasm for solving problems."I'm not suggesting that we could have fixed the whole BP thing, but I looked up the details of the BP spill and the blow-out preventer they used was patented in 1922, by [James Abercrombie and] Harry Cameron, who started a company called Cameron Ironworks to make these things. The design has changed hardly at all since 1922! And we're now drilling in 5km of water, which we certainly weren't back in 1922. Clearly, more innovations want to be applied." He shrugs. "They probably will now."Myhrvold has an instinct for controversy. In particular, IV's silver-bullet technologies for geoengineering the Earth have been disparaged by climate experts and environmentalists. Myhrvold has been criticised for his views on climate change quoted in Super Freakonomics, the 2009 bestseller, which have been damned as oversimplifying Earth-system science by saying that it will be possible to regulate the global climate by "artificially recreating the conditions from the aftermath of a volcanic eruption", and that one sulphur-aerosol project using stockpiled sulphur in Canada could "solve the whole global warming problem for the northern hemisphere".Undaunted, IV is pressing ahead with plans to rethink energy generation.TerraPower LLC, Myhrvold's nuclear power-research company, was launched in 2007, but scientists have been talking about travelling-wave reactors since the 50s. Its TWR technology uses depleted uranium, fuelled with about ten per cent of enriched U-235 material, to cause fission. The resultant travelling wave then burns through the depleted uranium fuel (U-238) and converts this into plutonium-239.The thermal energy generated from this reaction is then absorbed and carried away to be converted to electricity via steam turbines. IV's computer simulations and engineering studies maintain that TWR reactors could generate a billion watts of electricity continuously for up to 100 years -- without the need for refuelling.The problem lies in building a fully functional prototype reactor, he says, which is not only incredibly expensive but also politically sensitive. Right now, IV is talking to representatives from various nations, including Russia, Japan and France, about building a plant by 2020. "It's very hard to imagine it being built in America," Myhrvold says. He describes the US as having grown "scared" of nuclear power. "We would argue that our scheme is the first credible one that could solve this key problem of the 21st century: how do we generate energy for a newly rich world -- and do so in a carbon-neutral way?"" Coal and natural gas don't work because of the carbon thing. Conventional nuclear doesn't because there isn't enough fuel and that's because uranium came with a use-by date and it goes bad; it undergoes radioactive decay. Today, we use seven tenths of one per cent of uranium and even that isn't fully burned up, so the rest is all waste."Those who talk about sustainable energy think of it as freezing the total amount of generation capacity at today's level, and then gradually chewing into it with renewables. I don't think that's realistic. With all this demand from China, India and elsewhere, we'll see energy usage go up by a factor of ten to 20 this century. So, if you don't have a plan for that, you don't have a plan!"A lot of people in climate advocacy don't want there to be a solution to climate change, he adds, "because they believe that if the world has an easy way out, then the world will never change to carbon neutral. I'm sympathetic to that point of view, but it's a little like saying that the reason people are eating doughnuts is because they're counting on bypass surgery. It's like, maybe people would drive a little slower if you take the airbags out of cars and put a dagger pointed at your chest in the middle of the steering wheel, so at the slightest bump..." -- he smacks his chest -- "but I'm not gonna recommend it! I think it would be poor public policy." Other IV work comes under its Global Good Division, a parcel of projects funded largely by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Gates has enlisted IV in his crusade against malaria and other major diseases of the developing world. Projects include the "Photonic Fence", a laser that zaps malarial mosquitoes by identifying their wing-beat frequency. Its working prototype sits in a corner of the IV lab, occasionally training its green light on a mesh box of mosquitoes at the far corner of the room, which are house-reared by a woman known in the office as the "mosquito whisperer". Read page 2 1234 Read on one page Latest on wired.co.uk


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Things to see and do - Copenhagen
Leaving for Scandinavia
Copenhagen :
Unmissable tourist sites
Where to sleep?
Copenhagen Hotel tips
Ascot Hotel from895 DKKBook
Scandic Palace Hotel from1111 DKKBook
First Hotel Kong Frederik from976 DKKBook
Copenhagen Leisure tips
- 60.0 €
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Copenhagen City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
- 33.0 €
- Book
Copenhagen Shore Excursion: Copenhagen City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
- 28.0 €
- Book
Copenhagen Travel guide
Copenhagen : Michelin's recommendations
This attractive metropolis of 3 million inhabitants is situated on the northeastern coast of Sjælland island. Popular with visitors for its contrasting architectural styles and its unique, lively yet relaxing atmosphere, Copenhagen is a dynamic city which is renowned for its wide variety of attractions. Criss-crossed by cyclists, the home of the Little Mermaid is a capital city which manages to retain the feel of a charming provincial town.
Tourist attractions Copenhagen : Things to see and do
Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek
Dantes Plads 7 DK - 1556 København
The large art collection, established by the brewer Carl Jacobsen in 1882, is at the origin of this museum. It boasts the biggest collection of antiquities in Northern Europe (the Etruscan section is particularly impressive), and a collection of Fren..
Copenhagen National Museum
Ny Vestergade 10 DK - 1471 København
Housed in the Prince's Palace (1774), across the Marble Bridge from Christiansborg, the Copenhagen National Museum has been extended several times and a modern, spacious building with a grandiose foyer has been added. The departments are spread over ..
Rosenborg Catle
Øster Voldgade 4A DK - 1350 København
In 1606, Christian IV bought a vast expanse of land outside the city walls that he turned into a garden, nowadays the Royal Garden, in which he built a "folly" that over the years was transformed into a castle. The most advanced techniques ..
Hotels Copenhagen
Ascot Hotel
Studiestræde 61 DK - 1554 Copenhagen
Set in a charming 19th-century building, this hotel is 3 minutes' walk from City Hall Square and Tivoli Gardens. It offers free WiFi, free gym access and a popular breakfast buffet. Copenhagen Central Station is 500 metres away. All rooms at Ascot H..
Hotel SP34
Sankt Peders Stræde 34 DK - 1453 Copenhagen
Prix Prices from : 995 DKK
Featuring a breakfast buffet of organic food and ingredients, this modern boutique hotel is 300 metres from City Hall Square and Copenhagen's pedestrian street, Strøget. It features free WiFi, a rooftop terrace and 2 restaurants. All rooms at Hotel ..
Hotel Alexandra
H.C. Andersens Boulevard 8 DK - 1553 Copenhagen
Prix Prices from : 999 DKK
The stylish Hotel Alexandra is 200 metres from Copenhagen's Town Hall Square and Tivoli Gardens. Its soundproofed rooms have a flat-screen TV, a tea/coffee maker and classic Danish designer furniture. Free Wi-Fi is available in all of Alexandra's ro..
Leisure activities Copenhagen
Find out why they call it 'wonderful Copenhagen' on a Hop-on Hop-off tour of Denmark's vibrant and graceful Capital. You'll get a bird's eye view of Copenhagen's swirling towers and turrets, not forgetting the Little Mermaid to whom sailors appealed ..
Join the Grand Tour of Copenhagen and view all the major sights of the Danish Capital by motor coach. You will pass by the Tivoli Gardens and the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Drive through the colorful canal district where your local guide will point out ..
No matter what cruise ship you arrive on, this is the perfect do-it-yourself shore excursion in Copenhagen. Find out why they call it 'wonderful Copenhagen' on a hop-on hop-off tour of Denmark's vibrant and graceful capital. You'll get a bird's eye v..
Restaurants Copenhagen
Store Kongensgade 52 DK - 1264 K Copenhagen
Located in a busy part of the city; a simply decorated, split-level restaurant with closely set tables and a buzzy vibe - sit on the more atmospheric ground floor, which looks into the kitchen. Choose 3 or 4 dishes from the list of 11; cooking is mod..
Frederiks Have
Smallegade 41 DK - 2000 F København
Sweet neighbourhood restaurant hidden just off the main street in a residential area. Sit inside - surrounded by flowers and vivid local art - or outside, on the terrace. Well-presented, modern Danish dishes have a classical base; tasty sweet and sou..
Kødbyens Fiskebar
Den Hvide Kødby, Flaesketorvet 100 DK - 1711 V København
This buzzy, industrial-style restaurant is set, somewhat incongruously, in a former butcher's shop in a commercial meat market. Concise menus feature fresh, simply prepared seafood dishes which are based around the latest catch; oysters are a special..
Skt Peders Strade 24A DK - 1453 K Copenhagen
Set on a narrow street in an older part of the city, this simple split-level bistro is run by two keen young chefs and a friendly team. Set 4 course menu of rustic bistro dishes; extra courses can be added as desired. Alternatively plump for the no-c..
Borgergade 16 DK - 1300 K Copenhagen
An appealing restaurant in a residential area, with concrete pillars and an intentionally 'unfinished' feel - sit at wooden tables, at the long metal bar or at communal marble-topped tables. An enticing menu of small plates includes 'cheese' and 'swe..
Marv & Ben
Snaregade 4 DK - 1205 K København
A simple, two-floored restaurant set down a cobbled street off the main tourist track. Styling is stark and modern, with the kitchen on display behind a glass wall. Gutsy, flavourful, well-crafted dishes focus on produce from the chefs' own fields. S..