text:
Standup comedian Mike Birbiglia who also produces shirts inspired from his standup routines has just come out with a new one, My Baldological Clock Is Ticking, guys. I'm sure all the guys in the audience know what i'm talking about, right?
I know, don't give up my day job right, anyway, it's on American Apparel (is that a good thing or a bad thing now?), and is $17.99 so check it out.


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|This is the article on the story arc. If you are looking for the article on the actual invasion, head to Invasion of Pain.
The Invasion of Pain Arc is from Part II, and spans from chapters 403 to 449 of the manga. In the Naruto: Shippūden anime, it spanned from episode 152 to episode 175. The anime DVDs for this arc call it "Two Saviours". The arc detailed Akatsuki's attempts to capture the Eight-Tails and the Nine-Tailed Demon Fox. This arc is preceded by the Itachi Pursuit Arc in the manga and the Tsuchigumo Kinjutsu Arc in the anime and is followed by the Five Kage Summit Arc in the manga and the Konoha History Arc in the anime.
Decoding the Message
After the failed mission to find Sasuke or Itachi, Naruto remembered his encounter with Itachi. Itachi asked Naruto why he insisted on trying to save Sasuke who doesn't want to be saved, and Naruto replied he was more a brother to him than he ever was. Satisfied with his answer, Itachi departs, but not before performing a technique on Naruto, to prepare him for the chance that Sasuke attacks Konoha. Soon after, Naruto is called to the Hokage office where he is told by Fukasaku, that Jiraiya was killed in Amegakure by Pain. Naruto, devastated, left to mourn while Tsunade, who was equally hurt, has the decoders decode Jiraiya's dying message on Fukasaku's back.
Devastated and unable to focus even after encouraging words from Iruka Umino, Naruto was taken by Shikamaru Nara to the hospital to see a pregnant Kurenai Yūhi, whose child Shikamaru will instruct. Shikamaru reminded Naruto that there will come a time where all their masters will be gone and they will be the new masters of new students. With this in mind, Naruto opts to help the decoders decode the message, and saw that the message was written in Jiraiya's unique, if somewhat sloppy katakana script. With this knowledge, they discover Pain's secret that "The real one isn't there". After deciphering the code, Fukasaku asks that Naruto come with him to learn senjutsu like Jiraiya.
After a Reverse Summon sent Naruto and Fukasaku to Mount Myōboku, the two began the difficult senjutsu training. The training required Naruto to first be completely still so to allow himself to mould the natural chakra surrounding him. To speed up the process, special frog oil was smeared on Naruto that would allow him to use natural chakra, but at a higher risk of turning into a toad statue. After several days to weeks, Naruto successfully learned how to remain perfectly still in order to mould enough natural chakra to enter Sage Mode, and even trained himself in secret to master his Wind Release: Rasenshuriken. However, when time came to learn Sage Art: Amphibian Technique to allow Shima and Fukasaku to gather the natural chakra while in combat, the Nine-Tailed Demon Fox prevented the fusion requiring Naruto to come up with an alternative method of entering Sage Mode in battle.
Sasuke vs. the Eight-Tails
Meanwhile, Sasuke decided to not take Itachi's eyes to awaken his Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan, opting to restore their clan his own way. Tobi ordered Taka to find the jinchūriki of the Eight-Tails, Killer B of Kumogakure. They find him at the Valley of Clouds and Lightning and begin to battle. Killer B easily disarms Suigetsu Hōzuki, and defeats Jūgo with Suigetsu's own sword. Sasuke challenges him alone, and despite using his Mangekyō Sharingan, Killer B is able fatally injure Sasuke twice: first when he was stabbed multiple times by Killer B's swords, from which he was saved by sucking Karin's chakra, and later by a hit from a three-tailed Killer B's Lariat, blowing open his chest, which Jūgo restored, infusing his own flesh in Sasuke's body.
Annoyed, Killer B fully transformed into the Eight-Tails. Suigetsu tried to blow Killer B away with a giant wave, but was easily repelled by a Tailed Beast Ball. Out of desperation, and seeing Taka resemble his former team, Sasuke used Amaterasu to stop the giant ox. Sasuke cut off one of the beasts tentacles when it almost crushed Karin, but she was hit by another one, igniting her with Amaterasu. Sasuke managed to put the flames out on her and on Killer B. After collecting the injured and their captive, Sasuke and Jūgo head back to Akatsuki's base.
When Sasuke delivered Killer B to Tobi, he informed him that his true intentions was to not destroy Konoha's elders, but the entire village for making the Uchiha destroy themselves, vowing to destroy anyone who gets in his way. His task completed, Sasuke departs to a hideout, not knowing that they were being followed by Kumo-nin J. When he was discovered, he was attacked by Taka before he could retreat.
During the sealing of the Eight-Tails, which was taking longer due to losing most Akatsuki members, Killer B's body turns back into a tentacle. Killer B, still at the battlefield, climbs out of a tentacle at the bottom of the lake, relieved that Akatsuki "kidnapped" him and allowed him a chance to leave the village. The Eight-Tails cautions that Akatsuki will still be pursuing him and asks why B used up nearly all his energy going all out, to which B responds he got carried away because Sasuke was one of the strongest opponents he'd ever faced.
Pain's Invasion
Upon reaching Konoha, Pain discussed the battle plans for the invasion. The Animal Path, Asura Path, and Preta Path will act as diversions while the Deva Path, Naraka Path, Human Path, and Konan interrogated villagers on the whereabouts of Naruto Uzumaki, the jinchūriki of the Nine-Tailed Demon Fox either through mind reading or threat of death. Once preparations were complete, the Asura Path threw the Animal Path into the village where it summoned the other Six Paths of Pain and the invasion began.
Because Konoha only expected one invader, the multiple points of attack made it difficult for Konoha react. The Fifth Hokage called for Naruto to return to the village to aid in its defence, but the messenger toad Kōsuke was killed by Danzō before he could leave, to prevent Akatsuki a chance at capturing the Nine-Tails. Meanwhile Tsunade remained at the Ninja Academy to summon and use Katsuyu to heal any villager who was injured during the attack.
Kakashi Hatake engaged the Deva Path, who was quickly backed up by the Asura Path. Chōza and his team of shinobi along with his son, Chōji Akimichi came to Kakashi's aid and discovered the Deva Path's unique gravity manipulation has a five second window. Despite discovering this secret and the Asura Path defeated, Chōza along with his team were critically wounded and Kakashi incapacitated, leaving only Chōji to deliver the information to Tsunade. Konohamaru Sarutobi engaged and defeated the Naraka Path, while Tsume and Kiba Inuzuka engaged the Preta Path.
As the invasion continued, Konan interrogated several Konoha Shinobi on Naruto's whereabouts. However, by this time Naruto had earned the respect of every single Konoha Shinobi to the point that not one shinobi was willing to give away Naruto's location and would rather be killed. As the Deva Path confronted Tsunade to question her about Naruto, Shizune, Inoichi and Ino Yamanaka discovered the secret of Pain's Six Paths. The chakra receivers planted in the body of the body Jiraiya sent back revealed that each body was merely a animated corpse powered by chakra, and that Pain's real body was elsewhere. As Shizune summarised their analysis, the Human Path found and read her mind discovering Naruto was at Mount Myōboku. Upon finding out and angered by Tsunade's perceived lack of pain, the Deva Path recalled Konan and the other five Paths out of the village where he detonated a powerful Shinra Tensei, destroying most of the village.
Naruto vs. Pain
Having caught word of Pain's attack, the toads at Mount Myōboku prepared for the counter-attack. Shima, who was at Konoha at the time, was told to prepare a reverse summoning to bring Naruto, Fukasaku, Gamabunta, Gamaken, Gamahiro, and Gamakichi to Konoha, moments after the Shinra Tensei levelled the village. After using the Naraka Path to repair the destroyed Asura Path, the Animal was launched back into the village and re-summoned the rest of the paths back into the village to fight the jinchūriki.
Using his newly learned senjutsu techniques and a perfected Wind Release: Rasenshuriken, Naruto defeated the Asura, Human, Animal, and Naraka Paths, before the Deva Path regained enough strength to fight on its own again. When he was finally caught and held by the energy-absorbing Preta Path, Naruto used the senjutsu chakra to disrupt the Preta Path's chakra flow, turning it into a frog statue, before finally facing the Deva Path, Pain's last and most often used body. Pain quickly dispatched the giant toads and gained the upper hand, killing Fukasaku in the process. Using another gravity manipulation technique to grab and immobilise Naruto, Pain then pinned him to the ground with his Chakra Disruption Blades in order to take him away. Before departing, Naruto asked Pain why he had done everything, to which Pain replied that the world could never have the peace Jiraiya fought for because the world was too full of hatred, and, therefore, the only way to create world peace was through force. By using the tailed beasts, Pain planned on making a weapon strong enough to destroy a country, and the fear of that weapon would prevent more fighting.
Shikamaru Nara, having survived the destruction of Konoha, met with the Yamanaka group carrying Shizune's body. When they were told what information she knew, Shikamaru concluded that Pain's real body was somewhere close to the village, at a high enough place that he could send his chakra across a large enough distance to control the Six Paths with no difficulty. As Pain was describing his quest for world peace, his true body, Nagato, emaciated and with several chakra blades sticking out of his back, was shown in his and Konan's hiding place, a makeshift tree on a high mountain close to the village.
Hinata Hyūga came to his rescue after confessing her love for Naruto, but was quickly struck down and critically wounded. Believing that Pain had killed her, Naruto lost control of his anger and slipped into his six-tailed transformation. The First Hokage's necklace reacted to this and tried to suppress the Nine-Tails' chakra, but was removed and destroyed. With the Nine-Tails in control of Naruto's body, it fought and overwhelmed Pain, causing him to retreat from the village in order to get close enough to Nagato to use Chibaku Tensei. With the Nine-Tails controlling Naruto, and Pain out of the village, Sakura Haruno ordered all who could help to tend to the wounded and for a team, including herself, to help the critically wounded Hinata. Team Guy, who was returning from a mission, passed the injured Gamabunta, who informed them that Konoha was in danger. Elsewhere, Yamato, who was with Sai and Anko Mitarashi on a mission hunting Kabuto Yakushi, sensed that Naruto had released six tails of the Nine-Tails, and headed back to find and stop Naruto.
While still being pursued by the Nine-Tails, Pain, through the great strain of Nagato, used the Chibaku Tensei to create a giant miniature moon in an attempt to capture the Nine-Tails. During this time, Naruto, locked in his own subconscious and lost in despair, called out for help to a response of Pain's visions of peace. In the end, while the apparently evil Pain had a plan to deal with the hatred in the world, Naruto did not. Taking advantage of his pain, the Nine-Tails convinced Naruto to destroy everything in the world by releasing the seal. This caused the seal to distort. Despite the strength of the miniature moon, the distorted seal allowed the eighth-tail to grow, partially breaking free of the sphere.
In his mind, just as he was about to remove the seal to release the ninth tail, Minato Namikaze, the Fourth Hokage, appeared, and spoke with Naruto. Minato revealed to Naruto that he was his father, and he sealed the Nine-Tails into him because he too felt that the Nine-Tails was forced to come to Konoha, and believed a masked being within Akatsuki was behind the attack. After easing Naruto's fears that he couldn't change the world, Minato repaired the seal and sent Naruto back to finish his battle with Pain.
With the Nine-Tails' chakra suppressed, Naruto and Pain resumed their battle, with Naruto tricking Pain into using a Shinra Tensei on dozens of shadow clones, giving Naruto enough time to strike him with a Rasengan during the five second window. The last body of Pain was defeated, and Naruto used its chakra receivers to track down and confront Nagato himself.
The Talk with Nagato
Having reached the makeshift tree, Naruto asked Nagato why he hated Konoha, and what had made him the way he was. Nagato, still wanting to know Naruto's reply to his question, answered with two stories. The first was how his parents were killed during the Second Shinobi World War, which led to the activation of his Rinnegan. The second he began with how he met his friends Konan and Yahiko, the boy whose body would later become the Deva Path. Yahiko had revealed to the small makeshift family that he wanted to rule the world, to stop the world's wars. After their dog, Chibi, was killed by an explosive tag as collateral damage from the Sannin's battle with Salamander Hanzō, Yahiko declared he wouldn't just rule the world, but would become a god, a dream that sparked the same desire in Nagato.
Nagato then revealed how Yahiko approached Jiraiya to ask him to train himself, Nagato and Konan to be ninja. During the training, Nagato had used the Rinnegan to save Yahiko. Seeing this, Jiraiya told Nagato about the time of never-ending wars, when a "messiah", the Sage of the Six Paths, appeared, and spread his religion across the world, which came to be the ninja techniques that the shinobi used today. Jiraiya thought the Sage had been "reborn" as Nagato, and entrusted him to find the "answer" and spread peace in the world, before leaving the three orphans. Years later, the three formed a gang in Amegakure, led by Yahiko, to abolish wars and bring peace to the world. Their fame captured the attention of Hanzō, who approached Yahiko to join hands and work together to bring peace among the war-torn countries of Earth, Fire and Wind. But this association turned out to be a trap laid by Hanzō, as he feared that Yahiko's group would take over the leadership of Amegakure. He lured Yahiko and Nagato to an area which was surrounded by many Konoha ANBU Root shinobi, with Danzō leading them. Hanzō had kidnapped Konan, and then proposed for Yahiko to die to save Konan's life. He threw a kunai in Nagato's direction, and ordered him to kill Yahiko. Yahiko agreed to die, but Nagato refused to kill him. Seeing this, Yahiko forcibly held Nagato's hand with the kunai and slit his own throat with it. A dying Yahiko told Nagato that he had to live, as he was the "messiah". Nagato told Naruto that Yahiko's death was the second great source of pain for him. This incident led Nagato to go berserk, as he used his Rinnegan's abilities to subdue and backfire all attacks on him by Hanzō's men. But in the midst of all this, Nagato's legs were horribly burnt by Hanzō's Fire Release technique while he was saving Konan. He ultimately summoned a large, animated statue for battle, which imbued several chakra rods from its body into Nagato's back in order to use the latter's chakra. The statue then released a soul removing dragon which killed many of Hanzō's men, but as Nagato was about to target Hanzō himself, he fled the scene with the Body Flicker Technique. Nagato told Naruto that he had become the leader of their gang, and had carried on Yahiko's agenda to bring peace to the world.
After hearing Nagato's story, Naruto reflected on everything he had heard. Naruto agreed that some of the things Nagato mentioned were true, but he also said that Jiraiya had believed in him, and that he would believe in what Jiraiya had believed in, and that was why he would not kill Nagato. Nagato questioned this, and Naruto pulled out the book that Jiraiya had written. He began reading from it, and told Nagato the main character's name was Naruto. Naruto then said that he would become Hokage, and he promised peace for Amegakure as well. Nagato then stated that Naruto was like him when he was younger. He said that he would believe in Naruto, and prepared to use a technique.
Upon using the technique, Nagato used his Outer Path to release all the souls that had been captured, and used it to also revive those who had died, including Kakashi, Fukasaku and Shizune. At Mount Myōboku, the Great Toad Sage was shown telling Gamabunta that everyone had been revived, and that he found it surprising that it was two of Jiraiya's pupils that would bring about the revolution to the Ninja World. Nagato then entrusted his will to Naruto, and passed away. Konan decided to leave the Akatsuki, and took both Nagato and Yahiko's bodies, telling Naruto that she would believe in him. She then used her paper to create a bouquet of flowers as a sign of peace, and gave them to Naruto.
Hero of Konoha
Naruto erected a shrine in the forest in honour of his sensei and started to make his way back to the ruins of Konoha. He almost succumbed to exhaustion, but was caught by a newly revived Kakashi, who carried Naruto on his back to the border of the village. Awaiting them were his friends and companions. As the villagers congratulated Naruto, Ebisu and Iruka thought about how their opinion of Naruto had undergone an immense change over the years; he was once considered a nuisance and a demon, but as his deeds were recognised he became a true hero through the eyes of many. Naruto's ultimate dream of acknowledgement seemed to have come true at last.
|English title
|Kanji title
|Romaji title
|"Raging Ox"
|Abare Ushi
|"New Powers!!"
|Atarashiki Chikara!!
|"The Tale of the Utterly Gutsy Shinobi "
|Dokonjō Ninden
|"The Raikage, Moving!!"
|Raikage, Ugoku!!
|"Sage Naruto!!"
|Sennin Naruto!!
|"The Battlefield, Konoha!!"
|Senjō, Konoha!!
|"Call Naruto Home!!"
|Naruto o Yobimodose!!
|"Kakashi vs. Pain!!"
|Kakashi Bāsasu Pein!!
|"Deva Path's Abilities!!"
|Tendō no Nōryoku!!
|"Kakashi Hatake "
|Hatake Kakashi
|"Naruto and Konoha!!"
|Naruto to Konoha!!
|""Know Pain""
|"Itami o"
|"Naruto Returns!!"
|Naruto Kikan!!
|"Naruto's Great Eruption!!"
|Naruto Daifunka!!
|"The Rasenshuriken Once Again!!"
|Rasenshuriken Futatabi!!
|"Senjutsu Failed…!?"
|Senjutsu Shippai…!?
|"Naruto vs. Deva Path!!"
|Naruto Bāsasu Tendō!!
|"Banshō Ten'in "
|Banshō Ten'in
|"The Seal Destroyed!!"
|Fūin Hakai!!
|"Chibaku Tensei "
|Chibaku Tensei
|"A Conversation with the Fourth!!"
|Yondaime to no Kaiwa!!
|"Rasenshuriken vs. Shinra Tensei!!"
|Rasenshuriken Bāsasu Shinra Tensei!!
|"The Final Gamble!!"
|Saigo no Kake!!
|"The Answer"
|"Top of the World"
|Sekai no Teppen
|"I Just Want to Protect Those Two"
|Tada Futari o Mamoritai
|"Flowers of Hope"
|Kibō no Hana
|"The Joyous Village!!"
|Kanko no Sato!!
|"Dealing with Sasuke!!"
|Sasuke no Shobun!!
|"Under Pressure from Danzō!!"
|Danzō ni Semaru!!
|"The Eve of the Five Kage Summit…!!"
|Gokage Kaidan Zenya…!!
|Episode Title
|Japanese Airdate
|English Airdate
|"Somber News"
|25 March 2010
|9 July 2012
|"Following the Master's Shadow"
|25 March 2010
|9 July 2012
|8 April 2010
|7 January 2013
|"The First Challenge"
|8 April 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Surpassing the Master"
|15 April 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Assault on the Leaf Village!"
|22 April 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Power to Believe"
|29 April 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Pain vs. Kakashi"
|6 May 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Mystery of Pain"
|13 May 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Surname is Sarutobi, Given Name, Konohamaru"
|20 May 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Pain to the World"
|27 May 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Explode! Sage Mode"
|3 June 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Danger! Sage Mode Limit Reached"
|10 June 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Nine-Tails, Captured!"
|17 June 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Confession "
|24 June 2010
|7 January 2013
|"Chibaku Tensei "
|1 July 2010
|16 March 2013
|"The Fourth Hokage "
|15 July 2010
|16 March 2013
|"The Two Students"
|22 July 2010
|23 March 2013
|"Meeting "
|5 August 2010
|23 March 2013
|"Origin of Pain"
|12 August 2010
|30 March 2013
|"Tale of Naruto Uzumaki"
|19 August 2010
|30 March 2013
|"Hero of the Hidden Leaf"
|26 August 2010
|30 March 2013

subset: commoncrawl


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Mariaozawa Temptation
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The Power of Independent Thinking
Alvaro Vargas Llosa: Axis ShruggedVenezuela, Syria & Iran's Trifecta of Terror
Recorded: Sunday, July 18, 2010
Alvaro Vargas Llosa discusses Venezuelas terrorist connections with Syria and Iran with on Fox News Sean Hannity.
Experts: Alvaro Vargas LlosaType: TelevisionIssues: Defense and Foreign Policy, Diplomacy and Foreign Aid, Terrorism and National Crises
The New International Arms Race in SpaceAnd How to Avoid It
Recorded: Friday, March 7, 2008
Part 1 |
Part 2
Part 3
An Independent Policy Forum held on 3/7/08. Peter L. Hays, Associate Director of the Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies, and Theresa Hitchens, Director of the Center for Defense Information, discuss the implications that the U.S. takedown of a malfunctioning satellite have for a potential arms race in space.
Experts: Ivan Eland, Peter L. Hays, Theresa HitchensType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Defense and Foreign Policy, Diplomacy and Foreign Aid, Science, Technology


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Filed under: Dietary supplements
Dietary supplements containing ephedra are illegal. What is ephedra and why is it illegal in the United States? Read HPRC's new Operation Supplement Safety (OPSS) FAQ about ephedra to find out.
Also, be sure to check out our other OPSS FAQs, and if you still can't find what you are looking for, use our "As the Expert" button located on the OPSS home page.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning consumers about powdered pure caffeine, particularly as sold in bulk on the Internet. At least one death has been associated with the use of such products, and FDA advises consumers about the potency of powdered pure caffeine. See FDA's Consumer Advice, which includes information about how to report an adverse event.
According to this consumer resource from FDA, you should limit your caffeine intake to just 100–200 mg per day (about 5–10 ounces of coffee). Taking large doses of caffeine—roughly 400–500 mg—at one time can result in a serious condition known as "caffeine intoxication." Some symptoms of caffeine intoxication are minor and include nausea, vomiting, agitation, nervousness, or headache. Other symptoms can be more life-threatening, such as rapid heartbeat, electrolyte imbalance, very high blood sugar, or high levels of acid in the blood, which can cause seizures. See the OPSS FAQ to help you avoid hidden sources of caffeine.
Dietary supplements with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are being marketed to help with weight loss. What is CLA and can it really help you lose weight? Read HPRC's new Operation Supplement Safety (OPSS) FAQ about CLA to find out.
While you're there, check out our other OPSS FAQs. Still can't find the answer you're looking for? You can visit the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database or use our "Ask the Expert" button located on the OPSS home page.
HPRC has written several articles about energy drinks, their ingredients, and their potential harmful effects, especially for adolescents. They continue to be the topic of news articles, with another recent death of a teen who apparently consumed several energy drinks while on vacation and then died from cardiac arrest. The American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) urges the public to use caution when consuming energy drinks and lists many potential harmful reactions. Read more on this AAPCC web page, including statistics on reports of "exposures" to energy drinks.
HPRC has an Infosheet on energy drinks, highlighting the ingredients you may find on labels,and their potential stimulant effects. Be aware of the potential dangers, especially for children and teens, as outlined by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Garcinia cambogia is being used as a dietary supplement ingredient in some products marketed for weight loss. What is it? And is it effective? Read this Operation Supplement Safety (OPSS) FAQ about Garcinia cambogia to find out. Be sure to check back often, as we add answers to other questions about ingredients in performance and weight-loss supplements and how to choose supplements safely.
If you have more questions about a particular dietary supplement ingredient or product, you can visit the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database or use our "Ask the Expert" button located on the OPSS home page.
Even ten years ago, one survey found that nearly 70% of patients admitted to emergency and intensive care medical facilities did not inform the medical personnel of their dietary supplement use. However, some dietary supplement ingredients can retard the effects of prescription medications, others can intensify their effects, and yet others can be the reason a patient arrived at the emergency or intensive care facility in the first place. For example, more than 90 dietary supplement ingredients are known to affect blood clotting, which could mean that a wounded Warfighter could bleed more heavily than an emergency medic might otherwise expect.
According to an April 2014 article in Critical Care Medicine, recent adverse events associated with dietary supplements highlight the importance of letting medical personnel know if you are taking any supplements. As we pointed out in a recent article, you become the essential participant in making sure that your use of dietary supplements does not lead to serious consequences. Be sure you tell medical personnel about your dietary supplement use before you receive treatment. It could save your life!
Last summer the Netherlands removed the weight-loss dietary supplement product Dexaprine from the market due to reports of serious adverse events, but the results of research into the cause has just been released. A recent article in Drug Testing and Analysis described at least 26 cases of Dexaprine toxicity reported to the Dutch Poisons Information Center. Testing revealed the existence of "a cocktail of synthetic stimulants" including synephrine, oxilofrine, deternol, yohimbine, caffeine, and theophylline, and possibly ß-methyl-ß-phenylethylamines. (Problematic forms of phenylethylamines, including ß-methylphenylethylamine. were discussed in an April 2014 article in the New England Journal of Medicine.) For more information about tainted weight-loss dietary supplements, see the Food and Drug Administration's information. Note that this product is still available in the U.S. and online.
When something sounds too good to be true, it probably is. Dietary supplements are popular among military personnel, and it's important to be able to spot the red flags—warning signs of potential problems—when considering a product. Read the OPSS FAQ on how to spot these red flags to help make an informed decision. And be sure to check back often for new FAQs.
An important part of HPRC's mission of fostering Warfighter resilience and optimizing Warfighter performance is informing you about the potential hazards associated with dietary supplements. But that's a two-way street—we need your help too. An April 2014 article in The New England Journal of Medicine points out a major problem: Government agencies don't get information about adverse effects of dietary supplements quickly enough from the public and healthcare professionals.
HPRC offers an easy way for you to directly report side effects you believe are associated with dietary supplements through the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (NMCD). Just go to our NMCD page and click on the icon for Natural Medicines Watch. You don't even need an NMCD account; it's free for everyone and easy to use. NMCD will make sure the information reaches FDA's MedWatch.
Don't hesitate to report something—you'll be helping others avoid potentially serious health problems. Not sure about your symptoms? Read HPRC's article about how to know if you've had an adverse event.
There's hemp turning up in yogurt, cereal, milk, and other food products these days. What is hemp, and what are the service policies on the use of these food products? Read the Operation Supplement Safety (OPSS) FAQ to find out. Be sure to check back often as we add answers to other questions and topics in the OPSS section of HPRC's website.
If you have a question about a particular dietary supplement ingredient or product, and you can't find the answer on our website, please use our "Ask the Expert" button located on the OPSS home page.


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Business News
fashion show of last Bread & Butter edition
14 Jan. 2013
Refresh for the Bread & Butter!
"Big Time – for the bold and brave Brands!" The 13th Bread & Butter is launching the winter season with this motto. The strife was considerable after Karl-Heinz Müller's announcement that the fair's image needed to be fine-tuned, and that as a result he was going to sever relations with many of his earlier exhibitors such as Wrangler, Tom Tailor, Guess or Vans. However, the excitement has died down and the next event, which will take place in the former airport Berlin-Tempelhof from January 15-17, will show how the new concept has been accepted. "It wasn't a snap decision… I knew that something had to change within the trade fair portfolio, and had to think about the direction in which the fair was to go in the future. Bread & Butter has a clear core statement that must be preserved. Not only trade fairs but also brands ought to make new decisions regularly" says Müller.
Last year the fair director rejected about 120 labels with the strategy of making the brand environment more selective and repositioning the fair. New exhibitors at the fair include Lindbergh, Roeckl or Woolrich Woolen Mills, and brands such as FTC Cashmere, Emu, Gestuz, Oilily, Evisu, Crocs, Napapijri, Levi's Vintage Clothing, Kuyichi, Dickies, and Royal Republiq. "We have said goodbye to many brands which occupied large areas, and there are not many in the brand landscape which can fill these gaps. Nevertheless, we will not necessarily become smaller. As a result the tightened concept has been accepted well. We have over a hundred new exhibitors – more brands than have departed – including small Japanese brands which are exhibiting at a trade fair for the first time. Such small, high quality brands are particularly important for independent retailers which have to establish their own profile!"
Over 500 designers and labels from the street and urban wear segment are expected for January. As part of its repositioning, the entire layout for the coming season was also revamped, and the exhibition halls reorganized and in some cases renamed. In addition to the segments D.O.C.K. and Upper Street, Treasury, L.O.C.K. and the Fire Department at L.O.C.K., in the Urban Superior Hall, differently from previously, men's and women's collections are being mixed for the first time, the previous Fashion Now and Style Society areas will comprise the Urban Fashion Area, and the earlier Denim Base, the centerpiece of the fair, will become Urban Base. Instead of large structures and closed booths, a more open atmosphere and a welcoming feel will be conveyed. Inspired by the New York Meatpacking District with varying building heights, Urban Base is set up in a more accessible way – with large booths at the edge and smaller spaces in the middle. In addition to the opening party on the evening before the fair, among others the newly opened 14 oz. in Haus Cumberland will be celebrating the re-launch of the C.P. Company with designers Alessandro Pungetti and Paul Harvey.
The summer B&B takes place July 2-4, 2013.
|Back to home
Upcoming Tradeshows


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Wonderful... is it possible to see it in a larger resolution?
Hi, another finished piece I can show. I did some citymaps for a D6 RPG called Azamar for Wicked North Games (RE did the worldmap for this). You can check out their website here.
"Azamar city is the largest city on the surface, and the most populated. It boasts a population of near 1,200,000 people, surrounded by many farms and several out walls that afford those farmers a bit more protection. It is a southern port city, so the south side of the city is lined with piers and harbors, where it crests with a large towered palace atop a hill overlooking the ocean (this is where the King of Azamar resides). Azamar also has the Academy of Science and Sorcery (a large school devoted to wizardry and research of it). The Treuoall (our elves) live in a quarantine zone from the rest of the people in the cities, especially in Azamar City, as they are hated and blamed for a near-world ending event long ago."
cheers, DJ
My portfolio site (fantasy-maps.com) | My work on deviantART | Fantasy maps on Google+
Work posted by me can be used under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 licence, unless stated otherwise.
Wonderful... is it possible to see it in a larger resolution?
Wow again. Amazing job!
wheres all the wonderful color!
looks awesome DJ - the details must have taken forever.
Great Scott, this is beautiful! Well done!
DJ, that is absolutely stunning!!!! Amazing detail, I could get lost in there!!
But shouldn't it be 'Capital' rather than 'Capitol'?
wonderful map - to bad you can't post it at high res, I'd love to "dive in"
regs tilt
:: My art on Deviant Art :: My work Catapult ::
:: Finished Maps :: WIP Breakwater - Gungnerhafn -Battle City :: Competion maps - A Ghastly Rest ::
:: FREE Tiles - Compasses :: Other Taking a commision - Copyright & Creative Commons ::
Works under CC licence unless mentioned otherwise
Nicely done..would love to see a high-rez, full color version.
My Finished Maps | My Challenge Maps | Ghoraja Juun, my largely stagnated campaign setting.
Unless otherwise stated by me in the post, all work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License.
How large is the original map?
Very nice. Reminds me of Carthusal (and that's a good thing, not implying it's derivative). Have some rep!


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April 10th marks the 50th anniversary of the worst single loss in the history of the U.S. Navy. The nuclear fast-attack submarine USS Thresher, built at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, was lost during a dive test off the coast of Cape Cod in 1963, killing all 129 people on board. Events to mark the disaster, and remember the crew and their survivors, are scheduled for this weekend. Keith Shortall spoke with the daughter of one of the lost crewmen about how the disaster affected her life and her family.
Marcye Philbrook was just two and half years old when her father, First Quartermaster Julius Francis Marullo Jr., died aboard the Thresher (the sub, right, on launch day). She says she remembers the sadness within the family, but was too young to remember much about him.
"He was just this person I heard stories about. And as a kid you just think it's just a big mistake," she says. "And you fantasize as you grow up that, 'Oh, he's going to show up at our doorstep.' "He's been a P.O.W. all this time.' You know? 'He's been someplace in the world where hasn't been able to contact us, and he'll show up some day.' Obviously that just never happened. You just grow up without a father, basically."
And but for a stroke of fate, Philbrook might have also lost her grandfather that day. He was a naval architect at the Portsmouth Shipyard, and had been scheduled to go out on the Thresher sea trials as well.
"And he got a call that morning: He was bumped by a dignitary who wanted to go, and so he lost his place," Philbrook says. "So my mother would have lost her husband and a father had that happened."
The Thresher was the pride of the Navy when it was commissioned in 1961. It could dive deeper and run quieter than any other sub in the fleet. Thresher had already been through initial trials by 1963, but Philbrook says she's learned that the crew had serious reservations about the deep dive tests - right up to the time they boarded.
"My mom tells me about my father and some of the other men from the submarine sitting around the breakfast table that morning, and they kept saying that the ship wasn't ready to go out, it wasn't ready," she recalls. "And I know that they were afraid. Some people, they made sure their wills were done, they took care of some final arrangements before they went, because they had a really bad feeling about it. But they went anyway."
About 220 miles off Cape Cod, it's believed that an interior pipe burst, and seawater was sprayed onto an electrical panel, shorting it out and causing an emergency shutdown of the nuclear reactor. Without power, Thresher sank, and was crushed under the extreme weight of seawater.
"And it must have been horrible," Philbrook says. "But they did their duty, and you know, they're patriots and they were just good men who were doing what they're supposed to do."
Philbrook says her mother moved on - remarried and had more children. But both mother and daughter plan to attend this weekend's 50th anniverary memorial events for the USS Thresher in Porstmouth and Kittery.
Click here for information about this weekend's Thresher memorial events.
Photo courtesy of the United States Submarine Veterans Incorporated.


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This lesson shows you have to determine if a set of data varies directly.
A list of student-submitted discussion questions for Direct Variation.
To stimulate the critical thinking skills required to assess the validity of statements about the key concept using an Agree/Disagree Table.
Set purpose for reading mathematical problems while providing a structure to organize notes, processes, and supporting vocabulary for each concept subsection.
All students will be able to figure out how much it costs to attend a four-year university and represent this relationship as a proportional linear equation.
This study guide looks at variations (direct, inverse, joint), graphing rational functions and how to find asymptotes.


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Whistle is a four-year-old spayed female Lab mix. She loves all people and gets along well with other dogs. She is a curious girl and wants to explore everything! She enjoys going for walks, playing with tennis balls, and chewing on bones. She is a sweet girl, ready for a loving home that will continue her housebreaking and additional training.
Meet Whistle at the Humane Society of Missouri's Westport Area Center in Maryland Heights. Hours and directions at www.hsmo.org
November is Black Dog Month at the Humane Society of Missouri! Adopt featured adult black dogs for just $50 during the entire month of November!


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May 6, 2016
Saturday, Oct. 13, 2012
FORT BENNING, Ga. (AP) -- An Army brigade has returned to Georgia after a nine-month deployment to Afghanistan.
Family and friends gathered Saturday at Lawson Army Airfield to welcome home the 648th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade to Fort Benning.
The 125 soldiers in the Columbus-based National Guard unit provided security and support at Camp Phoenix in Kabul during their tour overseas.
Sgt. Marcel Nalls told the Columbus Ledger-Enquirer he was "elated, beyond excited" to be home.
(Copyright 2012, The Associated Press)
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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HOME NHL Washington Capitals Gear Washington Capitals Mens Washington Capitals Mens Jackets over $60 (6 items) Product ID: 1323098
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Beat the cold this winter with an assist from a G-III® 3-in-1 Systems jacket. It features an outer shell with a detachable hood, side-seam pockets and reflective piping; a removable fleece vest is layered underneath for extra warmth and can be worn on its own. Both pieces are decorated with your NHL® squad's logo so your hockey loyalty is always on display.
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Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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St. John's1°C Complete weather forecast
well where i come from if you didn't resign it means you were fired. No matter what the reason was, if you had a job one day and the next day you didn't you were fired.
From your blog can I correctly assume these people were part of a local Rogers Cable only access broadcast? Some of us are customers of alternate television service providers.
After this piece was posted, I was contacted by Paddy Daly, who pointed out an error. Daly was not "fired" from Out of the Fog. He was told, at the time, that he was let go for budgetary reasons. (I would amend the text, but the new web site architecture doesn't permit it - as far as I can tell.) Also, the excellent photo that appears here was taken by Karl Wells.
Cool, bet she will be missed by the folks at Rogers. Good luck to her and Paddy on whatever they are putting together.


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December 14, 2011
Tim Sullivan
Michigan became the first Division-1 program to offer Warren (Ohio) Howland junior running back Deveon Smith last week, but they likely won't be the last. According to Tigers coach Dick Angle, Smith is one of the best running backs around.If you think that sounds like a checklist of traits that Michigan's coaching staff is looking for in a running back, you're probably right. With Michigan's shift back to a pro-style offense, a ballcarrier who can rack up big yardage with the ball in his hands is important. The ability to protect the quarterback key as well, and the 5-11, 200-pound back is a willing blocker.Smith's skills on the field earned him Division 2 All-Ohio second-team honors as a junior. He racked up nearly 2,200 rushing yards, and 27 touchdowns on the ground. It's only natural that such a talented athlete gets attention. Smith, however, takes it all in stride.When it comes time to think about a college decision, Michigan should be firmly in the mix. The Wolverines were the first to offer, and he grew up a fan of "that school up north." Smith visited Ann Arbor already this year to get further acquainted with the program.If Mattison has his way, Smith will be heading up to Ann Arbor again - to join the Michigan program. ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now!
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The browser you are using is out of date and is no longer supported. To view and use this site correctly, please update your browser to the latest version.
We have created a new public body, Historic Environment Scotland. While we work on shaping our future we can reassure you that all services and products will continue as normal. Please follow our progress and find out more about our new organisation.
Inscription and Significance
LocationThe Antonine Wall runs across central Scotland, from Old Kilpatrick in the West to Bo'Ness in the East.
Managing the SiteThe Site is managed and cared for by East Dunbartonshire Council, Falkirk Council, Glasgow City Council, Historic Scotland, North Lanarkshire Council and West Dunbartonshire Council. The Site Management Plan 2014-19 guides sustainable management to maintain the Outstanding Universal Value. It was produced following a series of public workshops, the preparation of an Environmental Report, and a formal consultation period, the report on which is available here.
Visiting the Site
World Heritage Site Coordination Team
Historic Scotland
Longmore House
Salisbury Place
Tel: +44 (0) 131 668 8763
Free downloadable leaflets about The Antonine Wall can be found on our Information and resources page


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Be prepared to break out your best dance moves and get your lingo ready. You'll take a trip to the roaring twenties when you slip into this Sexy Black Flapper Dress Women's Costume. Our exotic attire comes with everything that you'll need to bring out the prominent party animal in you! A stunning black frill dress that has beautiful dotted beads all throughout. Hangs just below the hips but has a beautiful frill bottom that gives you a fun airy look that will shake with you as dance the night away. Outfit comes with a sparkling black choker, and matching bracelet that are sure to accessorize your style. Make that flapper girl aura come to life by adding a pair of beautiful sparkling silver heels to contrast the dark style of the dress. Be prepared for a roaring good time when you don this Sexy Black Flapper Dress Women's Costume.
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Latin America Subject Guide
Use this guide to quickly find reputable sources and save time on your research! Contact your subject librarian or the reference librarians if you need more help. For an overview of how to research efficiently, see Steps of the Research Process.
Searching the Library Catalog for Books & Other Materials
To locate books and other materials in CCSF Libraries, select the "More Search Options" from CityCat available from the Library's Homepage. You will notice many ways to search, such as Title, Author, Subject, Subject Keyword, etc. Books in the library are organized by call number according to the Library of Congress classification system which groups items by subject. Examples of Library of Congress call numbers are appended to the reference books in the Using Reference Sources section below.
To begin research in this area, do a subject search on "Latin America" and browse through its various subdivisions such as:
Latin America
Latin America -- Civilization
Latin America -- Economic conditions
Latin America -- Politics and government
Latin America -- Relations -- United States
You may also use related subject heading such as:
Latin American fiction
Latin American studies
If you have a particular country within Latin America that you are trying to research, you may start by doing a subject search on that country. Examples are:
Cuba -- History
Peru -- Social conditions
Many subject headings pertaining to Latin America have a subject followed by the adjective assigned to the country. Examples are:
Art, Mexican
Popular music - Domincan Republic
Cooking -- Brazilian
For subjects pertaining to literature, headings are arranged by the adjective assigned to the country. Examples are:
Mexican literature
Chilean poetry
Salvadoran fiction
Argentine drama
In addition to traditional print books, CityCat, the Library's Online Public Access Catalog, also provides access to electronic books (eBooks). To access an eBook while on campus, click on the brief bibliographic record to access the full bibliographic record. From here, click on the hyperlink below "Link to an Electronic Resource". You will be redirected to another page where you may read the eBook by clicking on "View this eBook". To access this resource from off-campus, you will need the 14-digit barcode found on your CCSF photo ID.
Using Reference Sources
Reference books provide background information and overviews on a given topic. Some reference books pertaining to Latin America, arranged by the Library of Congress call number, include:
Enciclopedia Hispánica.
Barcelona : Encyclopaedia Britannica Publishers, 1991-1992.
AE61 .E52 1992 Rosenberg Reference
Gran Larousse Universal. Diccionario de la Lengua Española.
Barcelona : Plaza & Janes, 1995-1996.
AE61 .G73 1995 Rosenberg Reference
Candelaria, Cordelia Chávez, editor. Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture.
Westport, CT : Greenwood Press, 2004.
E184.S75 E59 2004. Rosenberg Reference
Benson, Sonia G., editor. Reference Library of Hispanic America.
Farmington Hills, MI : Gale, 2003.
E184.S75 R44 2003. Rosenberg Reference
Diccionario Porrua de Historia, Biografía y Geografía de México.
6. ed. corr. y aum. México, D.F. : Editorial Porrua, 1995.
F1204 .D56 1995 Rosenberg Reference
Musacchio, Humberto. Milenios de México.
México, D.F. : Hoja Casa Editorial, 1999.
F1204 .M955 1999 Rosenberg Reference
Werner, Michael S. Encyclopedia of Mexico : History, Society and Culture.
Chicago, IL : Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1997.
F1210 .E63 1997 Rosenberg Reference
Camp, Roderic Ai. Mexican Political Biographies, 1884-1935.
Austin, TX : University of Texas Press, 1991.
F1233.5 .C28 1991 Rosenberg Reference
Standish, Peter, editior. Hispanic Culture of Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
Detroit, MI : Gale Research, 1996.
F1234 .H794 1996 Rosenberg Reference
Camp, Roderic Ai. Mexican Political Biographies, 1935-1993.
Austin, TX : University of Texas Press, 1995.
F1235.5.A2 C35 1995 Rosenberg Reference
Latin America and Caribbean Contemporary Record.
New York, NY : Holmes & Meier, (1981-1982)- .
F1401 .L24 Rosenberg Reference
Tenenbaum, Barbara A. and Georgette Magassy Dorn., editors. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture.
New York, NY : C. Scribner's Sons, 1996.
F1406 .E53 1996 Rosenberg Reference
Box, Ben, editor. South American Handbook.
[London] Trade and Travel Publications, ltd.; Distributed in the U. S. by Rand McNally, 2004.
F2211 .S6 2003 Rosenberg Reference
Standish, Peter, editor. Hispanic Culture of South America.
Detroit, MI : Gale Research, 1995.
F2237 .H57 1995 Rosenberg Reference
Rosenberg, Jerry Martin. Encyclopedia of the North American Free Trade Agreement, the New American Community, and Latin-American Trade.
Westport, CT : Greenwood Press, 1995.
HC94 .R668 1995 Rosenberg Reference
Smith, Verity, editor. Encyclopedia of Latin American Literature.
London ; Chicago : Fitzroy Dearborn, 1997.
PQ7081.A1 E56 1997 Rosenberg Reference
Krstovic, Jelena O., editor. Hispanic Literature Criticism.
Detroit, MI : Gale Research, 1994.
PQ7081.A1 H573 1994 Rosenberg Reference
Sole, Carlos A. and Maria Isabel Abreu, editors. Latin American Writers.
New York, NY : Scribner, 1989.
PQ7081.A1 L37 1989 Rosenberg Reference
Magill, Frank Northen, editor. Masterpieces of Latino Literature.
New York, NY : HarperCollins, 1994.
PQ7081.A1 M29 1994 Rosenberg Reference
Ryan, Bryan, editor. Hispanic Writers : a Selection of Sketches from Contemporary Authors.
Detroit, MI : Gale Research, 1991
PQ7081.3 .H58 1991 Rosenberg Reference
Brower, Keith H. Contemporary Latin American Fiction : an Annotated Bibliography.
Pasadena, CA : Salem Press, 1989.
PQ7082.N7 B76 1989 Rosenberg Reference
Barretto, João C. Latin American Fiction in Translation : a Bibliography.
San Francisco, CA : City College of San Francisco, Rosenberg Library, 2004.
(also available on the web at: http://www.ccsf.edu/Library/latambib.htm)
PQ7087.E5 B377 2004 Rosenberg Reference.
Stavans, Ilan and Harold Augenbraum, editors. Encyclopedia Latina : History, Culture, and Society in the United States.
PQ7087.E5 B377 2004 Rosenberg Reference
Luis, William, editor. Modern Latin-American Fiction Writers : First Series.
Detroit, MI : Gale Research, 1992.
PS21 .D5 v.113 Rosenberg Reference
Luis, William and Ann González, editors. Modern Latin-American Fiction Writers : Second Series.
Detroit, MI : Gale Research, 1994
PS21 .D5 v.145 Rosenberg Reference
Cobos, Ana María and Ana Lya Sater. Latin American Studies : an Annotated Bibliography of Core Works.
Jefferson, NC : McFarland, 2002.
Z1601 .C536 2002 Rosenberg Reference
Use databases for specialized and the most up-to-date information, especially academic (scholarly) sources that are not available for free on the Web. See the Articles & Databases page for a full list of databases available.
Note: Most periodical databases are part of the private, passworded Web, so you will need to have a current CCSF Photo ID card with a barcode to access those to which CCSF subscribes.
Gale Powersearch
There are currently 14 databases within Powersearch available to the CCSF community. A listing of the databases may be accessed here.
For this group of databases, you will find articles with
a) a citation only
b) a citation with an abstract of the article
c) a citation with the full text of the article.
By default, the limit to full-text articles is selected. If you wish to maximize your search results to include articles for which there is only a citation or a citation with an accompanying abstract, you may uncheck this limit.
Advanced search mode. This keyword search option allows you to specify words or terms in your search.
Zapatistas AND human rights
NAFTA AND economic reform
Chile AND civil rights
Venezuela AND oil production
Browse subjects mode
You may browse a major subject such as Mexico by typing "Mexico" in the Find Subject box provided and then either clicking on the "Search" button or hitting the "Enter" key on the keyboard. At the next screen, select the "+" sign next to View subdivisions. At the next screen, you may select the appropriate subdivision containing the cluster of citations you would like to look at.
Examples of other subject headings include:
Mexico - Revolution, 1910-1920
Diaz, Porfirio
Latin America -- Relations -- United States
International trade - Latin America
Cuba -- Revolution, 1959
EBSCOhost is an online reference system consisting of 22 databases which offer a variety of proprietary full-text periodical articles from leading publishers and information providers. A listing of the databases may be accessed by selecting "Choose databases" near the top of the screen.
By default, the limit to full-text articles is selected. If you wish to maximize your search results to include articles for which there is only a citation or a citation with an accompanying abstract, you may uncheck this limit.
Advanced search mode. This keyword search option allows you to specify words or terms in your search. Enter the words or phrases in the boxes provided.
History AND church AND Mexico
Latin America AND neoliberalism
CQ Researcher
Provides full-text articles on topics ranging from social and teen issues to environment, health, education and science and technology.
Browse by topic:
Example: Mexico
Quick search:
Example: economic development and Mexico
Providesl information on 192 countries of the world. Reports include historical, political, economic, business, environmental, geographic, and demographic information.
Under "Quick Links", select your country of choice.
In addition to databases supplied by the CCSF Library, you may access a rich variety of databases through the San Francisco Public Library (SFPL). You will need an SFPL card with a valid barcode number for access. To obtain a free SFPL card, visit any branch of the SFPL, present a valid California ID and fill out an application. A library card will be issued on the spot.
Below are some examples of academic/scholarly websites pertaining to Latin America. If you use a search engine, such as Google, remember to evaluate the quality of the results.
Latin American Network Information Center
(LANIC) facilitates access to Internet-based information to, from, or about Latin America.
Academic Journals from Latin America
Newspapers from Latin America
Internet Resources for Latin America
provides access to many information resources for Latin American studies.
Handbook of Latin American Studies
Handbook of Latin American Studies is a bibliography on Latin America consisting of works selected and annotated by scholars.
Library of Congress Country Studies / Area Handbook
Library of Congress Country Studies / Area Handbook are electronic versions of books published about many countries.
In order to create your "Works Cited" list or Bibliography, you may access guides for the MLA (Modern Language Association) and the APA (American Psychological Association) formats here.


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Destination guide: Sydney, Australia
Located in New South Wales, Sydney (Oceania) is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world and has one of the best standards of living.
Some of its most recognizable landmarks are the Opera House (declared a World Heritage Site), the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the AMP Tower, which has incredible panoramic views of the city.
Fly to Sydney with LAN and discover the Museum of Australia, the Panasonic Imax Theatre with its giant screen, the Chinese Garden, beautiful Australian beaches and the neighborhood of The Rocks, where you'll find the best in entertainment in Sydney.
Book a window seat for your flight to Sydney: day or night, this town sure is good-lookin'. Skin-deep? Sure, but Sydney is also arty, sporty, boozy, funny, fashionable…the perfect paramour!
It's little wonder that Sydney causes a brain drain on the rest of Australia. Like New York, London and Berlin, this is a place that draws in anyone who's got something interesting to say. Australia's best musos, foodies, actors, stockbrokers, models, writers and architects flock to the Harbour City to make their mark, and the effect is dazzling: a hyperenergetic, ambitious marketplace of the soul, where anything goes and everything usually does.
Of course, the stage for all this activity is just as important as the performance itself. Shimmering Sydney Harbour is the city's greatest asset, while Sydney's ocean beaches and lush parks sustain as much life as the city streets. Add hip bars, grungy pubs, breezy cafes and glass-walled restaurants to the equation, and you've got a town with the perfect balance of outdoor and indoor, natural and contrived.
Paddle out into it and see what kind of trouble you can get into: get dumped by breakers at Bondi, chew chicken's feet in Chinatown, max out your credit card in Paddington, drink beers in Balmain, queue-jump for Opera House tickets and ignore dawn's break at a Kings Cross club. Sexy, spirited and unfailingly self-confident, Sydney is a bonfire of the vanities just waiting for you to light the match.
Purchase your ticket at LAN.com and discover all of the charm that Sydney has to offer. Buy now


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Kevin Clark, guitar
Mike Pope, bass
Lee Pearson, drums
Micah Smith, vocals
Russell Kirk, saxophone/compositions
Tickets: $15/$10 students
Saxophonist/Composer Russell Kirk is a distinguished soloist, a rising force of innovative and evocative expression, and a fresh compositional personality, balancing assertive authority with graceful whims. While his compositions stand out as distinctly modern in color and style, they retain the endearing, romantic sentiments of the American songbook. In his playing, as in his composition, he is sincere and provocative, the modern confluence of a world of musical and personal influences.
Following his undergraduate studies at The Peabody Institute of The Johns Hopkins University, Russell performed on USO tours of various countries in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East, performing for troops with singer/songwriter Jenny Boyle. He was then awarded a scholarship from The Eubie Blake Foundation, allowing him to pursue graduate studies at New York University. While earning his master's degree Russell was an adjunct faculty member in the Steinhardt School at NYU, headed a music outreach program for inner city youths in Harlem and the East Village, interned at Saturday Night Live, and played in various ensembles with artists such as John Scofield, Chris Potter, and Lenny Pickett.
Shortly after Kirk graduated from NYU he toured Japan with his long-time mentor Gary Thomas. Russell has performed and recorded with a diverse array of celebrated groups, ranging from The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra to George Clintons Parliament Funkadelic. Other notable ensembles he has performed with include: The Soulful Symphony, The Cab Calloway Orchestra, The Eubie Blake Legacy Band, The Temptations, The Four Tops, The Tommy Dorsey Orchestra, Winslow Dynasty, and Rumba Club. Among the distinguished artists with whom he has worked are: Sam Rivers, Terri Lyne Carrington, Dennis Chambers, Michael Formanek, Mike Clark, Wayne Krantz, Kenny Werner, Gary Thomas, Kevin Mahogany, Cuba Gooding Sr., Jill Scott, and Vusi Mahlasela.
He is a Buffet Crampon USA Performing Artist and gives for them annual master classes throughout the United States. He is a 4-time recipient of the Maryland State Arts Council's Individual Artist Award. He has been featured in numerous published articles including an extensive artist profile in The Saxophone Journal Magazine. Kirks compositions have awarded him a residency at the John F. Kennedy Center, a position at the Carnegie Hall Creative Composition Workshop, and Baltimore Magazine selected him in 2012 as Best Arranger in their annual Best of Baltimore issue for his arrangement of Gary Thomas' Who's In Control?, performed by The Peabody Jazz Orchestra.
Kirk is currently a recording artist on Greg Osbys Inner Circle Music, and in 2012 released his second album as a leader. As a leader, Russell Kirk and his band have opened for Herbie Hancock at The Clifford Brown Jazz Festival. Other festival performances have included the International Association of Jazz Educators Conference, The Jazz Educators Network Conference, Milford Jazz Festival, The Federal Hill Jazz & Blues Festival, and many others.
Russell performs in various ensembles while holding numerous teaching positions and continues to compose new works including large ensemble pieces and film scores. He lives in Baltimore, Maryland. Russell is an undeserving husband to his loving and beautiful wife Rachel, with whom he has two sons.
Mike Pope Bass
Over the years, the New York City music scene has become a benchmark for brilliant bass playing. It's where Mingus went from underdog to top dog; where Jaco jammed up and down 7th Avenue South; and where John Patitucci set the standard for doubling. Following in that rich tradition is Mike Pope, who has earned a reputation as Gotham's latest envelope-pushing plucker. Pope's extensive skills are best summed up by Patitucci, himself: "Mike Pope is a real renaissance man. He is a musician of broad scope and tremendous talent. His virtuosity on electric and acoustic bass is rare even by today's standards. His harmonic sophistication is matched only by his ability to improvise on a very high level with great consistency."
Indeed, Mike's mastery of the 5- and 6-string electric bass has led to live and/or recording stints with a wide array of artists, including Mike Stern, Chuck Loeb, Anton Fig, Jason Miles and Blood Sweat & Tears. His precision and poise on the upright has brought calls from Joe Locke, Jeff "Tain" Watts, Bruce Barth and David Berkman. And his stylistic and technical command of both instruments has led to "doubling" gigs and cross-idiom hits with the likes of Randy Brecker, the Gil Evans Orchestra and Steve Smith. As a recording artist, Pope's playing and composing is showcased on his two fine solo albums. Walk Your Dogma, and Lay of the Land boasting guests such as Michael and Randy Brecker, Mike Stern, John Patitucci, Seamus Blake, Joe Locke and Henry Hey. Fast becoming an in-demand educator, Pope also participates in clinics worldwide and is on the faculty of the Bass Collective in New York City.
Some of Mike's recent credits include an international tour with the Chick Corea Elektric Band, two stints with drummer Bill Bruford, including a live record. Other recent gigs include Chris Botti, John Tropea, drummer Gene Jackson of Herbie Hancock fame, and appearances at Euro Bass day in Verona, Italy with Matthew Garrison and Dominique DiPiazza.
Kevin B. Clark
Kevin B. Clark is a jazz guitarist from Long Island, New York, currently residing in Baltimore, Maryland. He began his musical studies on guitar at age 13. By the time Mr. Clark was 16, he concentrated primarily on Jazz. He performs regularly in the Baltimore/Washington D.C. area as both a featured soloist and accompanist, and has performed with numerous premier jazz artists, including John Abercrombie, Gary Thomas, David Binney, Peter Erskine, Jack Wilkins, Dave Pietro, and Warren Wolf. He has performed across the United States, as well as internationally in Japan and Singapore.
In 2008, Mr. Clark performed at the North Texas State Jazz Festival, earning an Outstanding Soloist award. He was also designated a finalist for the 2008 Gibson/Baldwin Grammy Jazz Ensemble, which accepted applicants from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Other awards Mr. Clark has earned include the 2008 Louis Armstrong Jazz award from Garden City High School, the 2008 Barry Manilow Music Scholarship from Garden City High School, the 2008 Max Corzilius Jazz Scholarship from the Peabody Conservatory, the 2011 Charlie Byrd Endowed Memorial Scholarship in guitar, and the James Winship Lewis Memorial Prize in performance.
Mr. Clarks primary teachers have included Gary Thomas, Paul Bollenback, Stephen Salerno, and Jimi Durso. In 2012, Mr. Clark received a Bachelor of Music degree at the famed Peabody Conservatory in Baltimore. He is currently enrolled in the GPD program at Peabody under a full tuition scholarship.
Lee Pearson
Known as one of the most vibrant and electrifying drummers of our time, Lee Pearson continues to captivate the audience with his brilliant musical charm. Always acknowledging God for his musical talent, he is known for saying To God be the Glory. The Baltimore native began developing his gift for the drums at the age of two. Lees parents, Lee Sr. and Judith Pearson, bought his first drum set at the age of three and the rest was history. From Broadway, to Jazz, to R&B, to Hip Hop, to Gospel, Lee Pearsons work is consistently excellent.
Lee grooves and moves with some of the finest jazz artists in the world. He has recorded on notable Jazz and Funk recording projects with great musicians such as Hank Jones, Ron Carter, John Hicks, Kenny Barron, Christian McBride, Mike Stern, David Murray with the World Saxophone Quartet, Roy Ayers, Ronnie Laws, Lonnie Liston Smith, Wayne Henderson (from the Jazz Crusaders), Tom Brown and Hamiet Bluiett.
In addition to recordings, Lee Pearson has toured with some of the worlds great pacesetters in Hip Hop and Jazz including Spyro Gyra, Cassandra Wilson, Mike Stern, Lauryn Hill, Erykah Badu, Roy Ayers, Chaka Khan, Bilah, Lonnie Listen Smith, Gene Con, Bobbi Humphreys, Ronnie Laws, Jon Lucien, Hank Jones, John Hicks, James Carter, Adam Rodger, John Medeski, Bobby Watsons, Kenny Garrett, Little Jimmy Scott, Tim Warfield, Javon Jackson, Roy Hargrove, Casey Benjamin, Antonio Hart, The Duke Ellington Orchestra, The Cab Calloway Orchestra, Donald Harrison, Curtis Lundy, Wayne Henderson, David Murray, and The Tonight Show with Jay Leno band. He also participated in a world tour with Savion Glovers four time Tony Award-winning Broadway show, Bring in Da Noise, Bring in Da Funk.
Micah Smith
Micah Smith of Baltimore, Maryland is an astonishing singer, songwriter, composer and musician of contemporary Gospel and Christian music. Uniquely distinct, his warm and welcoming voice continues to be a vessel that ushers in the presence of God while inspiring the lives of many.
Micahs decision to become a solo artist formed after seeing the desperate need for change in the music industry, but more importantly the world itself. Since childhood, this burgeoning musician has wrapped himself in the skillful melodies of artists from many different genres. Inspired by modern Gospel artists such as Men of Standard, Mary Mary, and Tye Tribbett; Micah has referenced their abilities to connect and minister to young people. The musical arrangements of Quincy Jones, Darin Atwater and Donny Hathaway have also influenced the creation of Micahs original compositions throughout his highly anticipated debut project entitled All of My Heart. While The Singers Unlimited, Take 6, and Ella Fitzgerald have influenced Micah with their brilliant vocal arrangements, the lyrical content of artists such as Stevie Wonder, Frank McComb, and many more have helped to conceive the singer, songwriter, and producer he is today.
Micah Smith has shared the stage with many of the top world-renowned artists in Gospel, Jazz and Soul music, ranging from Donnie McClurkin, Kim Burrell, Karen Clark Sheard, Roberta Flack, Kenny Lattimore, Eric Roberson, Lonnie Liston Smith, Roy Ayers, and Wynton Marsalis. Micah is a member of the illustrious Soulful Symphony; a background singer for recording artist Jason Nelson; and a member of an innovative group of singers and musicians called True Destiny. His commitment to music continues furthermore as he dedicates numerous hours to vocal production, coaching, song writing and recording for an extensive list of artists.
As a musician, his mission is to reach the heart of man through the conviction of song, while simultaneously guiding them in the direction of the Father. Micah sincerely and prayerfully welcomes you into the heart of worship that will induce a positive transformation.


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37 U.S. Code § 315 - Special pay: engineering and scientific career continuation pay
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(a) In this section, the term "engineering or scientific duty" means service performed by an officer—
(2) that requires a skill designated (under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense for the armed forces, by the Secretary of Commerce for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or by the Secretary of Health and Human Services for the Public Health Service) as critical and as a skill in which there is a critical shortage of officers in the uniformed service concerned.
(b) Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary concerned, an officer of a [1] uniformed service who—
(4) has been certified by the Secretary concerned as having the technical qualifications for detail to engineering or scientific duty;
(5) has completed at least three but less than nineteen years of engineering or scientific duty as an officer; and
(6) executes a written agreement to remain on active duty for detail to engineering or scientific duty for at least one year, but not more than four years;
may, upon acceptance of the written agreement by the Secretary concerned, be paid, in addition to all other compensation to which the officer is entitled, an amount not to exceed $3,000 multiplied by the number of years, or monthly fraction thereof, of obligated service to which the officer agrees under the agreement. The total amount payable may be paid in a lump sum or in equal periodic installments, as determined by the Secretary concerned.
(c) An officer who, having entered into a written agreement under subsection (b) and having received all or part of a bonus under this section, does not complete the period of active duty as specified in the agreement shall be subject to the repayment provisions of section 303a (e) of this title.
[1] So in original. Probably should be "an".
Source(Added Pub. L. 97–60, title I, § 120(a),Oct. 14, 1981, 95 Stat. 998; amended Pub. L. 99–145, title VI, § 637(a),Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 648; Pub. L. 100–26, § 8(e)(6),Apr. 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 286; Pub. L. 102–25, title VII, § 702(b)(1), (2), (c),Apr. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 117; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title VI, § 687(b)(24),Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3331.)
2006—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–163amended subsec. (c) generally, substituting provisions referring to repayment provisions of section 303a (e) for specific provisions relating to refunds required when officer receives bonus but fails to complete agreed upon period of active duty.
1991—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–25struck out "of this section" after "subsection (b)" in two places in par. (1) and struck out "of this subsection" after "paragraph (1)" in pars. (2) to (4) and after "paragraph (3)" in par. (2).
1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–26inserted "the term" after "In this section,".
1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–145, § 637(a)(1), amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: "In this section, the term 'engineering or scientific duty' means service performed by an officer that requires an engineering or science degree and that requires a skill designated under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense as critical and as a skill in which there is a critical shortage of officers in the armed force concerned."
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–145, § 637(a)(2), in provision preceding par. (1), substituted "prescribed by the Secretary concerned" for "prescribed by the Secretary of Defense" and "officer of a uniformed service" for "officer of an armed force".
Effective Date of 1985 Amendment
Pub. L. 99–145, title VI, § 637(b),Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 649, provided that: "The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1985."
Savings Provision
For savings provision relating to payment or repayment of any bonus, incentive pay, special pay, or similar pay obligated to be paid before Apr. 1, 2006, under a provision of this section amended by section 687(b) ofPub. L. 109–163, see section 687(f) ofPub. L. 109–163, set out as a note under section 510 of Title 10, Armed Forces.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Filling out your DD 1351-2 travel voucher?
We are here to help. Visit your Defense Military Pay Office for assistance. You may see ads for help in completing your voucher but why spend money when your DMPO or DFAS Care Centers can do the same for free? Also, use this checklist to make sure you've included the required information on your 1351-2. Be cautious when using a service not affiliated with DFAS.
Read more about the new Chip/PIN travel cards!
Use the May 2011 version of the travel voucher, DD1351-2 form!
After April 30, we will only accept the current version of the travel voucher. Earlier versions signed and dated May 1 or later will be returned for action. We don't want you to have to redo your claim on the current version of the form dated May 2011.
Status of Relocation Income Tax Allowance (RITA) and Income Tax Reimbursement Allowance (ITRA)
Upon receipt of the annually updated tax tables issued by General Services Administration, we will process RITA claims for travelers with report dates prior to 1 January 2015 on a first in, first out basis.
We are updating the system before starting the ITRA claims. We will begin processing ITRA claims as soon as possible.
Understand the tax allowances you may be eligible for regarding travel entitlements. Read the recently updated information on Relocation Income Tax Allowance and Income Tax Reimbursement Allowance regulations. Be sure to get the latest Status Certification Forms for each.
Travel Regs Merge
October 1, 2014 the Joint Travel Regulations (JTFR) and the JointTravel Regulations (JTR) officially merged into a single set of regulations called the "Joint Travel Regulations."
The merger of the regulations into one volume makes them more easily accessible and understandable to travelers and provides aligned language that highlights where allowances are different for uniformed members and civilians.
Joint Travel Regulations: https://www.defensetravel.dod.mil/Docs/perdiem/JTR(Ch1-10).pdf
Are you sending in your TDY travel claim?
Make sure you print the separator sheet and place between each claim if you have more than one. Separate your DD1351-2 and supporting documents for the 1st claim - insert separator sheet - add DD1351-2 and supporting documents for 2nd claim - insert separator sheet - add 3rd claim (repeat as needed)... scan, then submit online with Travel Voucher Direct.
Travel Pay Resources
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Frequently Asked PCS Questions at DTMO
Who We Serve
We process PCS travel vouchers for civilian employees of the following agencies:
- Defense Department Agencies
- Navy Working Capital Fund/Revolving Fund
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Air Force and Marine Corps employees, we cannot assist you with your claim. Contact your finance office for travel pay assistance.
We process TDY vouchers for the following Navy Working Capital Fund and Revolving Funds:
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We process TDY travel vouchers for the following defense agencies:
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Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
Page updated May 26, 2015


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41 U.S. Code § 7103 - Decision by contracting officer
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(a) Claims Generally.—
(1) Submission of contractor's claims to contracting officer.— Each claim by a contractor against the Federal Government relating to a contract shall be submitted to the contracting officer for a decision.
(2) Contractor's claims in writing.— Each claim by a contractor against the Federal Government relating to a contract shall be in writing.
(3) Contracting officer to decide federal government's claims.— Each claim by the Federal Government against a contractor relating to a contract shall be the subject of a written decision by the contracting officer.
(4) Time for submitting claims.—
(A) In general.— Each claim by a contractor against the Federal Government relating to a contract and each claim by the Federal Government against a contractor relating to a contract shall be submitted within 6 years after the accrual of the claim.
(b) Certification of Claims.—
(1) Requirement generally.— For claims of more than $100,000 made by a contractor, the contractor shall certify that—
(B) the supporting data are accurate and complete to the best of the contractor's knowledge and belief;
(C) the amount requested accurately reflects the contract adjustment for which the contractor believes the Federal Government is liable; and
(2) Who may execute certification.— The certification required by paragraph (1) may be executed by an individual authorized to bind the contractor with respect to the claim.
(3) Failure to certify or defective certification.— A contracting officer is not obligated to render a final decision on a claim of more than $100,000 that is not certified in accordance with paragraph (1) if, within 60 days after receipt of the claim, the contracting officer notifies the contractor in writing of the reasons why any attempted certification was found to be defective. A defect in the certification of a claim does not deprive a court or an agency board of jurisdiction over the claim. Prior to the entry of a final judgment by a court or a decision by an agency board, the court or agency board shall require a defective certification to be corrected.
(c) Fraudulent Claims.—
(1) No authority to settle.— This section does not authorize an agency head to settle, compromise, pay, or otherwise adjust any claim involving fraud.
(2) Liability of contractor.— If a contractor is unable to support any part of the contractor's claim and it is determined that the inability is attributable to a misrepresentation of fact or fraud by the contractor, then the contractor is liable to the Federal Government for an amount equal to the unsupported part of the claim plus all of the Federal Government's costs attributable to reviewing the unsupported part of the claim. Liability under this paragraph shall be determined within 6 years of the commission of the misrepresentation of fact or fraud.
(d) Issuance of Decision.— The contracting officer shall issue a decision in writing and shall mail or otherwise furnish a copy of the decision to the contractor.
(e) Contents of Decision.— The contracting officer's decision shall state the reasons for the decision reached and shall inform the contractor of the contractor's rights as provided in this chapter. Specific findings of fact are not required. If made, specific findings of fact are not binding in any subsequent proceeding.
(f) Time for Issuance of Decision.—
(1) Claim of $100,000 or less.—A contracting officer shall issue a decision on any submitted claim of $100,000 or less within 60 days from the contracting officer's receipt of a written request from the contractor that a decision be rendered within that period.
(2) Claim of more than $100,000.—A contracting officer shall, within 60 days of receipt of a submitted certified claim over $100,000—
(3) General requirement of reasonableness.— The decision of a contracting officer on submitted claims shall be issued within a reasonable time, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the agency, taking into account such factors as the size and complexity of the claim and the adequacy of information in support of the claim provided by the contractor.
(4) Requesting tribunal to direct issuance within specified time period.— A contractor may request the tribunal concerned to direct a contracting officer to issue a decision in a specified period of time, as determined by the tribunal concerned, in the event of undue delay on the part of the contracting officer.
(5) Failure to issue decision within required time period.— Failure by a contracting officer to issue a decision on a claim within the required time period is deemed to be a decision by the contracting officer denying the claim and authorizes an appeal or action on the claim as otherwise provided in this chapter. However, the tribunal concerned may, at its option, stay the proceedings of the appeal or action to obtain a decision by the contracting officer.
(g) Finality of Decision Unless Appealed.— The contracting officer's decision on a claim is final and conclusive and is not subject to review by any forum, tribunal, or Federal Government agency, unless an appeal or action is timely commenced as authorized by this chapter. This chapter does not prohibit an executive agency from including a clause in a Federal Government contract requiring that, pending final decision of an appeal, action, or final settlement, a contractor shall proceed diligently with performance of the contract in accordance with the contracting officer's decision.
(h) Alternative Means of Dispute Resolution.—
(1) In general.— Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, a contractor and a contracting officer may use any alternative means of dispute resolution under subchapter IV of chapter 5 of title 5, or other mutually agreeable procedures, for resolving claims. All provisions of subchapter IV of chapter 5 of title 5 apply to alternative means of dispute resolution under this subsection.
(2) Certification of claim.— The contractor shall certify the claim when required to do so under subsection (b)(1) or other law.
(3) Rejecting request for alternative dispute resolution.—
(A) Contracting officer.— A contracting officer who rejects a contractor's request for alternative dispute resolution proceedings shall provide the contractor with a written explanation, citing one or more of the conditions in section 572 (b) of title 5 or other specific reasons that alternative dispute resolution procedures are inappropriate.
Source(Pub. L. 111–350, § 3,Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3817.)
|Revised Section
|Source (U.S. Code)
|Source (Statutes at Large)
|41:605(a) (1st sentence related to submission).
|Pub. L. 95–563, §§ 5, 6(a) (1st, 2d, 5th–last sentences), (b), (c)(3), (5), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2384, 2385.
|41:605(a) (1st sentence related to writing requirement).
|41:605(a) (2d sentence).
|41:605(a) (3d sentence).
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(a) (3d, 4th sentences), Nov. 1, 1978, as added Pub. L. 103–355, title II, § 2351(a)(1), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3322, amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. D, title XLIII, § 4321(a)(6), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 671.
|41:605(a) (4th sentence).
|41:605(a) (8th sentence).
|41:605(c)(1) (last sentence).
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(c)(1) (last sentence), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2385; Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, § 907(a)(1)(A), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4518; Pub. L. 103–355, title II, § 2351(b), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3322.
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(c)(6), (7), as added Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, § 907(a)(1)(B), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4518.
|41:605(a) (last sentence).
|41:605(a) (5th sentence).
|41:605(a) (6th, 7th sentences).
|41:605(c)(1) (1st sentence).
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(c)(1) (1st sentence), (2), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2385; Pub. L. 103–355, title II, § 2351(b), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3322.
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(c)(4), Nov. 1, 1978, 92 Stat. 2385; Pub. L. 103–355, title II, § 2351(e), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3322.
|41:605(d) (1st, last sentences).
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(d) (1st, last sentences), as added Pub. L. 101–552, § 6(a), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2745, 2746; Pub. L. 104–106, div. D, title XLIII, § 4322(b)(6), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 677; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title X, § 1073(g)(3), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1906.
|41:605(d) (2d sentence).
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(d) (2d sentence), as added Pub. L. 101–552, § 6(a), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2745; Pub. L. 104–320, § 6(1), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3871.
|41:605(e) (1st sentence).
|Pub. L. 95–563, § 6(e), as added Pub. L. 101–552, § 6(a), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2746; Pub. L. 103–355, title II, § 2352, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3322; Pub. L. 104–106, div. D, title XLIII, §§ 4321(a)(7), 4322(b)(6), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 671, 677; Pub. L. 104–320, § 6(2), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3871; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title X, § 1073(g)(3), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1906.
|41:605(e) (last sentence).
In subsection (b)(1)(D) and (2), the word "duly" is omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(3), the words "of contract appeals" are omitted as unnecessary because of the definition of "agency board" in section 7101 of the revised title.
In subsection (c)(2), the words "this subsection", which appear in section 5 of the Contract Disputes Act of 1978 (Pub. L. 95–563, 92 Stat. 2384), and which were probably intended to mean "this section", are translated as "this paragraph" in accordance with the probable intent of Congress.
In subsection (f)(5), the words "the commencement of" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "of the appeal or action" are substituted for "in the event an appeal or suit is so commenced in the absence of a prior decision by the contracting officer" to eliminate unnecessary words.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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The Power of Independent Thinking
Robert Higgs on FDA and Consumer Welfare
Recorded: Wednesday, July 23, 2014
This presentation by Independent Institute Senior Fellow Robert Higgs was presented on July 24, 2014, at Mises University, sponsored by the Ludwig von Mises Institute, in Auburn, Alabama.
Experts: Robert HiggsType: Other EventIssues: Economists, Free Market Economics, Government Power, Regulation and Deregulation
Robert Higgs on Economic Intervention
Recorded: Thursday, June 21, 2012
Senior Fellow Robert Higgs, author of Delusions of Power, talks about the history of government intervention in the economy on the Peter Schiff Radio Show via Disposable Wisdom.
Experts: Robert HiggsType: RadioIssues: Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Economists
Clifford Thies on the American Economic Association and Richard T. Ely
Recorded: Monday, November 28, 2011
The American Economic Association (AEA) takes pride in celebrating its founder Richard T. Ely. This pride is strange, given the character of Elys thought, which is revealed in The Independent Review article The Shaping of a Future Presidents Economic Thought: Richard T. Ely and Woodrow Wilson at The Hopkins by Gary M. Pecquet and Clifford F. Thies, as well as the Econ Journal Watch article Richard T. Ely: The Confederate Flag of the AEA? by Clifford F. Thies and Ryan Daza. In this podcast, Thies is interviewed by the economist Lawrence H. White and explores Elys ideas, values, and impact. Thies is the Eldon R. Lindsay Chair of Free Enterprise and Professor of Economics and Finance at Shenandoah University.
Experts: Clifford F. Thies, Lawrence H. WhiteType: RadioIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Collectivism, Culture/ Society, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Economists, Government Power, Immigration, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Public Health/ Consumer Protection, Race Issues, Regulation and Deregulation, Religion, Science, Welfare
Robert Higgs on the Market for Quality Assurance
Recorded: Wednesday, November 2, 2011
This presentation by Independent Institute Senior Fellow Robert Higgs was presented on July 29, 2011, at Mises University, sponsored by the Ludwig von Mises Institute, in Auburn, Alabama.
Experts: Robert HiggsType: Other EventIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Corporate Welfare, Economists, Free Market Economics, Freedom, Politics, Public Health/ Consumer Protection
Robert Higgs on the U.S. Governments Ethanol Scam
Recorded: Saturday, May 14, 2011
Here is Independent Institute Senior Fellow Robert Higgs speaking on Ethanol Subsidies Have Many Bad Consequences, from the Mises Circle seminar, Agricultural Subsidies: Down on the D.C. Farm, held May 14th in Indianapolis.
Experts: Robert HiggsType: Other EventIssues: Agriculture, Energy, Environment, Government Waste/Pork
Robert Higgs on The Decline of American Liberalism with ReasonTV
Recorded: Friday, April 17, 2009
Robert Higgs, author and Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute, discusses historian Arthur A. Ekirch, Jr.'s book, The Decline of American Liberalism, in an interview with Reason TV.
Experts: Robert HiggsType: TelevisionIssues: Economists, Political Ideology and Philosophy


text:
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Havdalah Set, Seven species, hand painted wood
4 piece Havdallah set
Each wooden article is hand – painted with a brush using acrylic colors and then lacquered. The cup can be used for drinking and also be washed by hand in water since it is coated with several layers of lacquer.
Made in Israel


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40 U.S. Code § 574 - Other rules regarding proceeds
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(a) Credit to Reimbursable Fund or Appropriation.—
(1) Application.— This subsection applies to property acquired with amounts—
(2) In general.— The net proceeds of a disposition or transfer of property described in paragraph (1) shall be—
(3) Calculation of net proceeds.— For purposes of this subsection, the net proceeds of a disposition or transfer of property are the proceeds less all expenses incurred for the disposition or transfer, including care and handling.
(b) Special Account for Refunds or Payments for Breach.—
(1) Deposits.— A federal agency that disposes of surplus property under this chapter may deposit, in a special account in the Treasury, amounts of the proceeds of the dispositions that the agency decides are necessary to permit—
(A) appropriate refunds to purchasers for dispositions that are rescinded or that do not become final; and
(c) Credit to Cost of Contractor's Work.— If a contract made by an executive agency, or a subcontract under that contract, authorizes the proceeds of a sale of property in the custody of a contractor or subcontractor to be credited to the price or cost of work covered by the contract or subcontract, then the proceeds of the sale shall be credited in accordance with the contract or subcontract.
(d) Acceptance of Property Instead of Cash.— An executive agency entitled to receive cash under a contract for the lease, sale, or other disposition of surplus property may accept property instead of cash if the President determines that the property is strategic or critical material. The property is valued at the prevailing market price when the cash payment becomes due.
(e) Management of Credit, Leases, and Permits.— For a disposition of surplus property under this chapter, if credit has been extended, or if the disposition has been by lease or permit, the Administrator of General Services, in a manner and on terms the Administrator determines are in the best interest of the Federal Government—
(1) shall administer and manage the credit, lease, or permit, and any security for the credit, lease, or permit; and
Source(Pub. L. 107–217, Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1107.)
|Revised Section
|Source (U.S. Code)
|Source (Statutes at Large)
|June 30, 1949, ch. 288, title II, § 204(c)–(g), formerly § 204(b)–(f), 63 Stat. 389; redesignated § 204(c)–(g), Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1178, § 1(a), 68 Stat. 1051; Pub. L. 96–41, § 3(d), July 30, 1979, 93 Stat. 325.
In subsection (b)(1), the words "in the Treasury" are substituted for "with the Treasurer of the United States" because of section 1 of Reorganization Plan No. 26 of 1950 (eff. July 31, 1950, 64 Stat. 1280), restated as 31:321.
In subsection (e), the words "or by War Assets Administration (or its predecessor agencies) under the Surplus Property Act of 1944" are omitted because the War Assets Administration was abolished and its functions were transferred to the General Services Administration by section 105 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (ch. 288, 63 Stat. 381).
Delegation of Functions
Functions of President under subsec. (f) ofsection 485 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works (which was repealed and reenacted as subsec. (d) of this section by Pub. L. 107–217, §§ 1, 6(b),Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1062, 1304), delegated to Secretary of Defense, see section 3 of Ex. Ord. No. 12626, Feb. 25, 1988, 53 F.R. 6114, set out as a note under section 98 of Title 50, War and National Defense.
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Well - After debating between the D40x and a D80, I decided on the D80 because of the extra features including AF and internal wireless flash commander. I was recommended to Adorama by a DWF member where I purchased a refurbished D80 for $699 and it arrived today. The camera arrived in a different box than the ew models, but was spotless and minty fresh. According to Opanda it only had 369 releases on the shutter when it arrived so it's practically brand new! Everything seems to operate beautifully, focus is on and everything works as advertised.
If anyone of our Nikonians is in the market for a D80, deffinitely check out Adorama's refurbished ones. They come with a 90 day warranty from Nikon and you can buy the Mack warranty for up to 5 years I believe. Grab one HERE
Both my assistant and father own a D80 so I'm already very familiar with it. But it really is such a well designed little camera. *MUCH* better than the XTi I had previously. I'll likely add the grip sometime after the IR conversion.
Tomorrow it gets boxed back up and sent off to Lifepixel for IR conversion. Stay tuned!
PS - yes this means the D100IR will be on the sale block. I have someone interested locally, but if it falls through I'll let everyone know here.