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Musically it's a short journey from blues to gospel, or as some might say from Saturday night to Sunday morning. They're both, when good, music you feel deep in your soul, which gives voice to the emotions you sometimes can't find your own words to express. This connection between the musical genres is fully evident when some of my musician friends in LA recorded a version of Bob Dylan's, "Serve Somebody," for me last year.
They had shown up as a favor to me, to lay down some blues songs I could record on video. I've called it Boyd's Blue Adventure session, but it was really up to the guys to play whatever they wanted. One tune, which I posted previously, called, "Case of the Blues" was made up on the spot, but all were done without any written score to keep them on the same page. Instead they were on the same wave-length musically, and that connection is what made all the songs that day work so well.
Phil Driscoll couldn't resist the opportunity of having these great musicians in his studio to take the blues over to the Gospel side with, "Serve Somebody." Phil is on keyboards, trumpet and vocals: with Hadley Hockensmith guitar; Bill Maxwell drums, Greg Mathieson organ; Michiko Hill piano; and Pee Wee Hill bass.


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FORT WAYNE, Ind. (NBC33) - If you have been celebrating the Saint Patrick's Day holiday weekend in downtown, you may have noticed Fort Wayne's latest attraction.
The holiday weekend marked the first official weekend of Pedal City, the 15 passenger beer bicycle that makes its way through the streets of downtown.
To hear from owner Adam Murphy, click the video link
What are your thoughts CLICK HERE to leave us a "QUESTION OF THE DAY" comment.
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The Power of Independent Thinking
The Supreme Court and the Battle for Second Amendment Rights
Recorded: Thursday, July 22, 2010
In June 2008 the U.S. Supreme Court handed down a landmark ruling on the Second Amendment individual right to keep and bear arms with its Heller v. District of Columbia decision. Two years later, in June 2010, a second historic decision squeezed through the highest court in the land.
Experts: Stephen P. Halbrook, Donald E. J. Kilmer Jr.Type: Independent Institute EventIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Criminal Justice/ Prisons, Culture/ Society, Gun Control, History (U.S), Law Enforcement, Litigation, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Race Issues
The Supreme Court and the Battle for Second Amendment Rights
Recorded: Tuesday, June 8, 2010
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Part 2
In 2008 the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its landmark ruling on the Second Amendments individual right to keep and bear arms in Heller v. District of Columbia. Now the question remains whether this right must be recognized by the States and their political subdivisions.
Experts: Stephen P. Halbrook, Nelson LundType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Culture/ Society, Gun Control, History (U.S)
A Gala for Liberty: The Independent Institutes Gala Reception and Dinner
Recorded: Tuesday, September 16, 2008
On September 16, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, actor and director Andy Garcia, and entrepreneur William K. Bowes, Jr. were honored at the Independent Institutes A Gala for Liberty. Each honoree received the Alexis de Tocqueville Award in recognition of their contributions to advancing the ideas and ideals of liberty, entrepreneurship, innovation, and peace.
Experts: George B. N. Ayittey, Michael J. Boskin, William K. Bowes, Jr., Andy Garcia, Archbishop Desmond M. Tutu, Alvaro Vargas LlosaType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Business, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Collectivism, Culture/ Society, Democracy, Diplomacy and Foreign Aid, Economic History and Development (International), Free Market Economics, Free Speech, Freedom, Government Power, History (International), Latin America, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Race Issues, Religion, Taxes, Terrorism and National Crises, Trade
What the Second Amendment Means Today
Recorded: Wednesday, July 2, 2008
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Part 2
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The Second Amendments right to keep and bear arms has been among the most controversialand least understoodrights guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. Did the Founders intend to safeguard an individual right or a collective right?
Experts: Stephen P. Halbrook, Don B. Kates Jr.Type: Independent Institute EventIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Crime, Culture/ Society, Defense and Foreign Policy, Gun Control, Law Enforcement
Is the Second Amendment an Individual Right?
Recorded: Monday, June 9, 2008
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Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Last year, a federal appeals court overturned the District of Columbias ban on handguns. Now the U.S. Supreme Court will decide the case after nearly seventy years of silence on the Second Amendment.
Experts: Stephen P. Halbrook, Joyce Lee MalcolmType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Constitutional Law, Gun Control


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Handling sticky situations is your forte. Some poorly dressed dude at the bar may think that you're an uptown girl looking for a downtown guy when he sees you in all swanky attire, but you're always kind enough to let him down without making him feel like a complete buffoon. You understand that guys want to date you — and they need to understand you have standards. It's as simple as that. The Uptown sandals from Reef only add to your confident glow. With their thin, shiny straps and comfy footbeds, these sandals will make you feel like a greek goddess among throngs of admirers. Take your pick.
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SOUTH KINGSTOWN, R.I. (AP) - The University of Rhode Island is ending a lockdown and says an investigation has revealed there was no gun or active shooter at any time on its South Kingstown campus.
The school ordered students and staff to stay indoors Thursday after reports of a gunman on campus.
A student in an 11 a.m. physiology class told The Associated Press that she was sitting in the back of a large lecture hall when someone sounding scared yelled "You're a nice guy! You're a nice guy!"
The student says people then started to run and scream, and the professor told all the students to run.
The school has canceled classes for the day, and said they would resume Friday.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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OMG! I love the 'blur sketchy colours' step ! What a great way of getting gradients without having to use them and getting a lot more control besides! That tip by itself is pure golddust not to mention the rest of the tutorials which are fantastic.
Have 5 stars! I wish I could give you more!


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The United State Gran Prix — Bringing F1 to Texas
Motor racing in the United States is dominated by NASCAR, but Formula 1 is reestablishing a toehold in the country by reviving the United States Grand Prix. The race was originally called the American Grand Prize and dates back to 1908. Since then it has been run 42 times, and its home since 2012 is the Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas.
For eight years the race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, but the high cost of staging the race led to the United States dropping off the Formula 1 calendar in 2007. Bernie Ecclestone, the President of Formula 1, said that he would
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The Nuggets (10-10) have won 13 of the last 16 in this series, including seven of the last nine in Indianapolis. The 36-year-old Miller was the big reason this time.
Denver led most of the second half but found itself in an 85-82 deficit with 3:32 left.
That's when Miller took over. He made two free throws, a layup , a 15-foot jumper and assisted on JaVale McGee's breakaway dunk to make it 90-85 with 1:38 left, then closed the run with a 14-foot pull-up jumper.
Indiana (10-10) had a chance to force overtime, but George Hill's 3 bounced off the rim. Paul George led the Pacers with 22 points.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.)


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What is RM Cash
"Customer service is priority #1 at Rocky Mountain ATV/MC. We value our customers and strive to be the best shopping experience- when you buy from us, you are buying lifetime service."
-Dan Thomas, CEO and Founder
We take pride in offering no hassle returns. In the event of a return, please call, email or chat with us to receive a solution to the problem. For apparel that doesn't fit quite right, Click here to see our Fit Guaranteed Program.
We will stand behind all products we sell with regards to manufacturing defects in workmanship and material. Most products are limited to the manufacturer's warranty. However, we will do everything in our power to take care of the problem.
Each review submitted enters you into a $100 gift card monthly drawing, and a $500 gift card quarterly drawing!
Comments On Jul 21, 2013:The lens is somewhat tinted although not as much as I thought it would be or should be, it also does not have any tear off posts which I find odd. The lens doesn't seem as durable as some others on the market because after a few crashes it has already cracked in several places. Don't let this review scare you as the lens is cheap enough you could order more and its by no way Rock Mountains fault it cracked must of been a manufacture default.
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Comments On Aug 28, 2012:Got the goggles? Get the lenses
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MIAMI (AP) - Crews used to dealing with hurricanes in Florida have been dispatched to the Northeast to help with the effects of Hurricane Sandy.
Three specialists from Miami-Dade Fire Rescue have joined the FEMA search and rescue managers in Washington.
Florida Power & Light Co. is sending more than 560 employees and nearly 350 trucks to Maryland, Virginia and Washington to help restore power after Sandy passes through the Mid-Atlantic.
Additional FPL crews may also be dispatched to assist utilities in those areas.


text: Maybe it was my recent visit to the famous NYC vegetarian restaurant, Dirt Candy, that influenced my decision to NOT doll these baby carrots up too much. They had been pulled from the winter ground the day before by organic farmer, Patti Popp, Sport Hill Farm, CT, and I like showing their roots and straggly tails. Continue reading


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31 U.S. Code § 1517 - Prohibited obligations and expenditures
prev | next
(a) An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government may not make or authorize an expenditure or obligation exceeding—
(b) If an officer or employee of an executive agency or of the District of Columbia government violates subsection (a) of this section, the head of the executive agency or the Mayor of the District of Columbia, as the case may be, shall report immediately to the President and Congress all relevant facts and a statement of actions taken. A copy of each report shall also be transmitted to the Comptroller General on the same date the report is transmitted to the President and Congress.
Source(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 932; Pub. L. 108–447, div. G, title I, § 1401(b),Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3192.)
|Revised Section
|Source (U.S. Code)
|Source (Statutes at Large)
|R.S. § 3679(h), (i)(2)(related to (h)); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, § 4(1st par.), 33 Stat. 1257; Feb. 27, 1906, ch. 510, § 3, 34 Stat. 48; restated Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, § 1211, 64 Stat. 768.
|31:665(i)(2)(related to (h)).
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "District of Columbia government" are added because of section 9 of the Act of June 26, 1912 (ch. 182, 37 Stat. 184). In clause (1), the word "apportionment" is substituted for "apportionment or reapportionment" because of section 1512 (a)(last sentence) of the revised title.
In subsection (b), the word "Mayor" is used because of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1967 (eff. Aug. 11, 1967, 81 Stat. 948) and sections 421, 422, and 771 of the District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act (Pub. L. 93–198, 87 Stat. 789, 818). The word "President" is substituted for "President, through the Director of the Office of Management and Budget" because sections 101 and 102(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 (eff. July 1, 1970, 84 Stat. 2085) designated the Bureau of the Budget as the Office of Management and Budget and transferred all functions of the Bureau to the President.
2004—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–447inserted at end "A copy of each report shall also be transmitted to the Comptroller General on the same date the report is transmitted to the President and Congress."
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Association Tchadienne pour le Développement
NGO Directory, 27 October 2011
Tel: +235 51 1506 or 24 31 91
Email: email@example.com
NGO Directory, 27 October 2011
Tel: +235 51 1506 or 24 31 91
Email: email@example.com
Since January 2014, a funding shortfall has forced the World Food Programme (WFP) to cut food rations by 60 per cent in refugee camps in southern Chad. The reduction comes as thousands of refugees from Central African Republic (CAR) continue to arrive in the south - more than 14,000 of them since the beginning of 2014. Many arrive sick, malnourished and exhausted after walking for months in the bush with little food or water. They join some 90,000 other CAR refugees already in the south - some of them for years.
The earlier refugees have been able to gain some degree of self-reliance through agriculture or employment, thus making up for some of the food cuts. But the new arrivals, fleeing the latest round of violence in their homeland, are facing a much harsher reality. And many of them - particularly children - will struggle to survive because WFP has also been forced cut the supplemental feeding programmes used to treat people trying to recover from malnutrition.
WFP needs to raise US$ 186 million to maintain feeding programmes for refugees in Africa through the end of the year. Additionally, UNHCR is urgently seeking contributions towards the US$ 78 million it has budgeted this year for food security and nutrition programmes serving refugees in Africa.
Photojournalist Corentin Fohlen and UNHCR Public Information Officer Céline Schmitt visited CAR refugees in southern Chad to document their plight and how they're trying to cope.
A funding shortfall has forced the World Food Programme (WFP) to cut food rations in refugee camps in eastern Chad by up to 60 per cent. As a result, Sudanese refugees in 13 camps in the east now receive about 850 calories per day, down from the minimum ration of 2,100 calories daily they used to get. The refugees are finding it difficult to cope. Clinics in the area report a significant spike in malnutrition cases, with rates as high as 19.5 per cent in Am Nabak camp.
WFP needs to raise US$ 186 million to maintain feeding programmes for refugees in Africa through the end of the year. Additionally, UNHCR is urgently seeking contributions towards the US$ 78 million it has budgeted this year for food security and nutrition programmes serving refugees in Africa.
In the meantime, the refugees experiencing ration cuts have few options. Poor soil quality, dry conditions and little access to water mean they can't plant supplemental crops as refugees in the less arid south of Chad are able to do. To try to cope, many refugee women in eastern Chad are leaving the camps in search of work in surrounding towns. They clean houses, do laundry, fetch water and firewood and work as construction labourers. Even so, they earn very little and often depend on each other for support. In the town of Iriba, for example, some 50 refugee women sleep rough each night under a tree and share their some of their meagre earnings to pay for a daily, communal meal.
They are also subject to exploitation. Sometimes, their temporary employers refuse to pay them at the end of the day. And some women and girls have resorted to prostitution to earn money to feed their families.
Ration cuts can have an impact far beyond health, reverberating through the entire community. It is not uncommon for children to be pulled out of school on market days in order to work. Many refugees use a portion of their food rations to barter for other essentials, or to get cash to pay school fees or buy supplies for their children. Small business owners like butchers, hairdressers and tailors - some of them refugees - also feel the pinch.
WFP supplies food to some 240,500 Sudanese refugees in the camps of eastern Chad. Many have been in exile for years and, because of their limited opportunities for self-sufficiency, remain almost totally dependent on outside help. The ration cuts have made an already difficult situation much worse for refugees who were already struggling.
More than six years after the beginning of the conflict in Sudan's Darfur region, more than a quarter-of-a-million refugees remain displaced in neighbouring Chad. Most of the refugees are women and children and many are still traumatized after fleeing across the border after losing almost everything in land and air raids on their villages.
Families saw their villages being burned, their relatives being killed and their livestock being stolen. Women and girls have been victims of rape, abuse and humiliation, and many have been ostracized by their own communities as a result.
The bulk of the refugees live in 12 camps run by UNHCR in the arid reaches of eastern Chad, where natural resources such as water and firewood are scarce. They have been able to resume their lives in relative peace, but all hope one day to return to Darfur, where hundreds of thousands of their compatriots are internally displaced.
In eastern Chad, UNHCR and other agencies are helping to take care of 180,000 internally displaced Chadians, who fled inter-ethnic clashes in 2006-2007. Some families are starting to return to their villages of origin only now.


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The Power of Independent Thinking
David Beito on the 1930s Tax Revolt
Recorded: Monday, April 18, 2011
David Beito, Research Fellow at the Independent Institute, discusses an episode in the 1930s in which many Americans initiated a series of strikes and revolts against rising property taxes.
Experts: David T. BeitoType: TelevisionIssues: Economic History and Development (U.S.), History (U.S), Taxes
Bush, Obama, and Presidential Power
Recorded: Wednesday, January 7, 2009
Ron Paul, Richard Shenkman, and Ivan Eland, author of Recarving Rushmore, discuss which presidents were the best and worst at promoting peace, prosperity, and liberty.
Experts: Ivan Eland, Ron Paul, Richard Shenkman, David J. TherouxType: TelevisionIssues: Defense and Foreign Policy, Government Power, History (U.S), Politics
Bush, Obama, and Presidential Power
Recorded: Wednesday, January 7, 2009
Part 1 |
Part 2
Part 3
Was George W. Bush the worst president ever? Ivan Eland examines Bushs presidency and those of his predecessors to determine if their policies promoted peace, prosperity, and liberty while upholding the Constitution they swore to protect.
Experts: Ivan Eland, Ron Paul, Richard ShenkmanType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Banking and Finance, Bureaucracy and Government, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Culture/ Society, Defense and Foreign Policy, Democracy, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Freedom, Government Power, History (U.S), Nationalism, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Politics, Privacy, Terrorism and National Crises


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Debate over the 'holy grail'
Readers: energy storage in California raises issues
As we noted this past week, finding the "holy grail" is just the first step. Learning how to use it, value it and de-mystify it is another step. A big one. Especially when the so-called "holy grail" is energy storage, which has a variety of applications, each valued differently, with impacts on electricity markets and with alternative technologies serving similar roles. And no well-defined place in the regulatory structure.
We offered two columns this week on a staff proposal at the California Public Utilities Commission on how to approach this thorny subject and we received some feedback, most of it thoughtful. We'll bring those comments to the fore today. Synopses are unwieldy things, so I'd refer you to the original articles, "California's Energy Storage Policies" and "Energy Storage and the Barriers to Adoption."
First, one reader returned to the fundamental premise of fossil fuels vs. renewable resources, declaring that endless quantities of "inexpensive" fossil fuels precludes the need for renewables. This view, of course, simply shrinks in the face of a challenge. It does not include consideration of the subsidies currently dedicated to fossil fuels, nor their massive environmental costs, which if included in the cost of "cheap" coal and natural gas, would fundamentally change their economics. Nor, of course, does this argument address the finite nature of fossil fuels or the increased costs as recovery becomes ever-more difficult. Further, this view doesn't make any allowance for U.S. competitiveness in the global race for clean energy, which clearly will dominate 21st century global competition. Sustainability doesn't appear anywhere in this world view. But this view has a large constituency that depends on ignoring these factors. And the simplicity of an argument made without taking any of these factors into account is very appealing. To wit:
"The technology for storage on a cheap, large-scale basis simply isn't there," our anonymous correspondent wrote. "If it was, utilities would implement it. There would be no need for a government mandate. The same can be said for using renewables. In most cases they aren't the cheapest or the most reliable solution, and bring their own problems.
"The hard truth staring everybody in the face is that today the cheapest and most efficient form of energy storage is fossil fuel," our correspondent continued. "Given that we keep finding more and more of them, especially in forms that are excellent for power generation, it's silly to force expensive alternatives on society. One day we are going to stress energy production to the point that we will find ourselves with a third-world power generation system, unable to provide power with the 99.99 percent reliability that a first-world economy needs."
Just mine, transport and burn more coal and pay no attention to the resulting devastation of communities, the emissions that kill thousands each year or the millions of gallons of untreated toxic waste from hydro fracking that wind up in our water sources, perhaps? And be sure to place responsibility for promoting sustainable, renewable energy—fighting, naturally, either for a level playing field where no one gets subsidies or for its share in a world riddled with subsidies—in the hands of "the government"—the universal bogie man—rather than in the hands of the people who use the government to reflect their values. But I have to applaud the rhetorical use of the phrase "the hard truth" to bolster one's argument, as if adding that phrase somehow precludes any other point of view. I believe I'll tuck that one into my own rhetorical toolbox. On a factual basis, would anyone complaining about federal subsidies for renewable energy care to review the history of, say, the fossil fuel industry? I'd suggest that would yield its own trove of truths that would undercut those with short memories.
Well, I certainly don't have any opinions on the matter .
Then we had comments from the thermal energy storage sector, which certainly deserves a fresh look as we've focused on batteries of late.
"While all parties involved are posturing for position in California and storage happens at a snail's pace, proven technologies and regional independent system operators like PJM and ERCOT are moving forward with programs that reward storage customers for participation," wrote P. Valenta. "Many of those storage customers use proven affordable thermal energy storage (TES).
"According to a March 2012 KEMA energy storage study for the copper industry, thermal energy storage has over 1GW of installed capacity in the U.S. That is twice as much as pumped hydro and more than all other energy storage technologies combined. The prediction is that that pattern of growth will continue because of the new control technologies available to TES operators. TES is affordable today.
"While TES is a seasonal storage solution in most areas of the country and it may not be the total solution that California is looking for, TES provides the biggest benefit when the California grid has the most difficulty—summertime. A total solution will require all forms of storage to provide the grid reliability needed when moving away from dispatchable fossil fuels to intermittent renewable energy. While I understand the slow pace for a total solution, a separate program for distributed thermal energy storage could get the storage movement started with minimal investment."
Of course, the discussion suffers from disagreements over the facts in the case, as evidenced by another forum posting.
"Pumped storage in California alone amounts to more than 3 GW," wrote contributor Jack Ellis. "Nationwide I think the amount is well into the double digits of GW.
"I'd love to see more thermal storage, but unless it's cost-competitive with peaking plants, it's just too expensive. Even if its capital costs are comparable to a peaking plant, only the most efficient technologies are competitive on an operating cost basis. The bottom line, though, is that thermal storage would be readily adopted if it made economic sense. Since it doesn't make economic sense without sizable out-of-market payments, either it's still too expensive or market conditions don't make sense. As a long-time observer of the electricity industry in California, I suspect both cost and poor market conditions are responsible for the slow uptake of thermal storage."
My "takeaway"? The work begins with that elusive "single version of the truth" where facts are agreed upon. Of course, that's easier when it comes to, say, gravity, versus, say, global warming. The more complex and intangible the facts, the greater the debate.
But the more interesting discussion is around the viability of arguments that focus solely on snapshots of current practices and prices in contrast to the direction that a given service territory or our nation as a whole ought to move in. Add to that contrast the self-preservation of entrenched interests and the notion that we can simply remain static and endlessly repeat what we did today into the future and you have a real debate.
No doubt, preparing for the future costs money. Typically, all new technologies are more expensive at the outset and you don't achieve savings without scale. And because "the government" doesn't always execute well on the will of the people (distorted, as it is, by vast sums of money that fuel influence peddling), we have a real wrestling match on our hands.
In my view, you can look backwards and say things are good enough or you can look forward and say things could be better. I believe readers know which side I'm on.
Not that that resolves any issues around energy storage in California.
Phil Carson
Intelligent Utility Daily
Please list the "subsidies" for O&G
The administration is fond of talking about the "subsidies" the O&G industry enjoys so much without ever mentioning they are tax deductions for the expenses of searching for or producing and processing oil and gas--ignoring the ethanol from crops industry as that is considered a green energy. I have looked for these doing Internet searches and have yet to find a subisidy they enjoy that is equivalent to production tax credits or cash in lieu grants--which a number of them do enjoy since they are not so stupid as to ignore the fact they can benefit from getting tax credits as well as anyone else. One must realize that a dollar in tax credit is worth $2.87 (at 35% tax rate) of before tax earnings which means there would be something like probably $15 or $20 in economic activity--purchases of services, equipment, and material from other businesses. It could reasonably be argued that PTCs are discouraging the O&G businesses from additional business activities since they do not have to put money at risk performing those business activities to achieve extra earnings.
The other thing which I think does not get considered in the attacks on O&G is that while their profits are record level, they operate with a smaller profit margin than many other industries. The information technology industries have profit margins more like 25% compared to O&G's typical 8 to 9%. Ever think Google was investing in green energy for strictly altruistic reasons--they want the tax credits and/or grant money. Guess where the "federal funds" come from--other taxpayers (individual and business) who are not involved in green energy.
Lastly, the attacks on fossil power industries fails to consider how many deaths would there be from asthma and other diseases without dependable electrical power?
I said lastly, but have one other item to mention. Do the folks harping about China's lead in green technology ever stop to compare how much China invests in green technologies versus how much they invest in coal-fired power plants when they are starting up one a week or how much they are investing in hydro power? If one thinks hydropower is green, go ask the animals and plants and the people who inhabit the areas to be inundated by a reservoir. One really has to consider that China may well be pulling one's chain to get others to bankrupt themselves pursuing green at costs that cannot be sustained.
Mark Wooldridge
No, I do not work for SeaDrill
I work for a power generation company but do not make my statements in relation to my employer nor do I represent that my opinion is that of my employer since they own both conventional and alternative energy sources. My "hostility" to energy alternatives stems from them being uneconomical and from the fact that their lack of dispatchability and their high variability ends up causing fossil power to be run as backup at low loads resulting in loss of efficiency that ends up resulting in no decrease in CO2 emissions. My "hostility" results from the American public being fleeced so that the GE's of the world end up paying no taxes while the non-renewable energy businesses and the individual taxpayers of the nation pay for providing them tax credits or paying for their expensive alternative energy systems in a program that ends up discouraging investment in higher efficiency, lower pollution fossil power plants that would actually decrease significantly the amount of CO2 emitted per MWh while still providing affordable power. My "hostility" results from the pursuit of so-called green energy that destroys vast acreages of wilderness areas while simultaneously adding to the national debt that will sink this country as an economic and military power and will put the world at the mercy of the Communist Chinese politburo because they are planning to dominate the world in my humble opinion--they must subjugate the world in order to keep their people subjugated. My "hostility" stems from giving BP production tax credits for their green energy businesses while they simultaneously were spilling millions of gallons of crude in the Gulf and have had multiple safety incidents in their Texas City refinery, some of which have resulted in deaths. My "hostility" comes from renewable energy advocates insisting their technologies have reached grid parity while simultaneously whining because the demise of production tax credits and cash grants (of taxpayer dollars) will halt deployment--if they need these programs to be competitive, then they have not reached grid parity.
In short, my "hostility" stems from the term "affordable green energy" being a lie foisted on the American people while GE, BP, Siemens and a multitude of so-called green energy firms are lining their pockets with the money taken from American taxpayers without really decreasing CO2 emissions. Read the freaking reports coming out of Europe about the costs, lack of CO2 reduction, and impact on the economies. We need to spend the money replacing the existing fossil plants with more efficient ones that can generate more power with lower CO2 emissions per MWh while continuing the R&D needed to make wind and solar cost effective because they darn sure are not emissions effective. I was an early proponent of green energy until I found out the truth--the only green in it presently is the taxpayer/ratepayer money being channeled into the green energy firms and their parent companies.


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May 6, 2016
TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) -- Florida A&M University is still trying to resolve a lawsuit filed by the family of a drum major who died following a hazing ritual.
The university board held an emergency meeting on Thursday night to discuss the lawsuit filed by the family of Robert Champion. Champion died in November 2011.
The meeting held by telephone was closed to the press and public because it involves an ongoing lawsuit.
The Champions, who live in the Atlanta suburb of Decatur, Ga., claim university officials did not take enough action to stop hazing in the famed Marching 100 band before the death of their son. They rejected a previous offer to settle the case for $300,000.
Since Champion's death FAMU has made sweeping changes to try to combat hazing.
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DETROIT – Four overtime games in one thrilling pendulum of a series. All that is needed in another Ducks-Red Wings playoff classic is a Game 7 to provide the final act.
The Ducks will go the distance with Detroit in their final Western Conference postseason tussle after Red Wings captain Henrik Zetterberg scored twice Friday night, the winner coming 64 seconds into another extra period for a stunning 4-3 Game 6 win.
All three of Detroit's wins have come in overtime as they forced a deciding Game 7 on Sunday night at Honda Center. It will be the first Game 7 for the Ducks since losing to Detroit in the 2009 West semifinals.
"I guess it could go either way," Ducks center Saku Koivu said. "A loss is a loss. Whatever's happened, happened and we just got to get the focus back on Game 7."
After getting a pass from Niklas Kronwall, Zetterberg took a shot from distance that appeared to deflect off Koivu's stick and get through a screened Ducks goalie Jonas Hiller. At that moment, the sellout crowd of 20,066 inside Joe Louis Arena roared.
Zetterberg had not scored in the first five games before he snapped a 1-1 tie on the power play to set off a wild third period.
"He's our leader," Red Wings goalie Jimmy Howard said. "Just an amazing guy, an amazing captain. When the chips are down, he comes to play and it's fun to watch."
The two teams had never played four overtime games in series but that changed when the Ducks forced another extra session with a stunning third-period rally after a Dan Cleary-credited dirty goal made it 3-1.
Emerson Etem and Bobby Ryan scored 51 seconds apart in the final 3:28 of regulation. Etem beat a surprised Howard off a turnover by Detroit's Valtteri Filppula and then Corey Perry fed Ryan for a tap-in goal with 2:37 left.
"You always have that feeling where you have the team that can come back," said Etem, adding the team remained positive after the two-goal deficit.
Pavel Datsyuk opened the scoring in the first while Kyle Palmieri got the Ducks even with a second-period tally. Etem is already preparing for more theatrics.
"Every OT that we've played in, the goals have been really quick," Etem said. "Say if it does go to OT in Game 7, we're going to have to realize that. We're going to expect it to be a close Game 7. We're going to battle and expect to win it."
Contact the writer: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
|Episode Information
|Season №:
|Episode №:
|July 5, 2010
|John O'Hurley as King Neptune
Victoria Beckham as Queen Amphitrite
Sebastian Bach as Triton
|Casey Alexander
Zeus Cervas
Aaron Springer
Steven Banks
Paul Tibbitt
|Supervising Producer:
|Paul Tibbitt
|Casey Alexander
Zeus Cervas
Aaron Springer
|Andrew Overtoom
Alan Smart
|Vincent Waller
|See all credits for this episode.
|"Chum Caverns"
|List of episodes
Simplified list of episodes
"The Clash of Triton" is a SpongeBob SquarePants episode from season six. In this episode, King Neptune will not celebrate his birthday until SpongeBob and Patrick find his son, Triton.
- SpongeBob SquarePants
- Patrick Star
- Eugene H. Krabs
- Squidward Tentacles
- King Neptune
- Queen Amphitrite (debut)
- Triton (debut)
- Timmy
- Nat
- Dennis
- Fred
- Shubie
- Charlie
- Harold
- Tom
- Royal Seahorses
- Bikini Bottomites
- Billy
- Monsters from the Party (debut)
- Sadie
On King Neptune's 5,000th birthday, Queen Amphitrite, King Neptune's wife, calls the Krusty Krab and sets reservations to celebrate King Neptune's birthday. Mr. Krabs sets up a crowd of watchers for some extra money after Shubie wanted to watch the royal family eat through the window, and SpongeBob cooks 5,000 Krabby Patties for King Neptune just as he arrives. However, King Neptune is overly depressed about his son, Triton, when SpongeBob mentions him. Neptune shows everyone a movie that he made about his sad separation with Triton, locking him in a cage in the Island in the Sky until he learns to become a proper god like his father. To ease King Neptune's pain, SpongeBob plans to go to the Island in the Sky and release Triton from his shrunken cage (according to Neptune, the cage only shrinks 7%). Unfortunately, the lock on the cage was impossible for SpongeBob to undo. So, he then asks Patrick, his best friend, to unlock it. Luckily, Patrick was able to unlock the cage. Triton comes out and offers the two a "ride" after turning the cage into a car, which SpongeBob and Patrick accept. But Triton pulls over when they were halfway there and tells SpongeBob and Patrick he doesn't need them anymore, knocking them out of the car with one whip of his tail. He immediately goes to Bikini Bottom and destroys it to have revenge on his father for locking him up. Then SpongeBob and Patrick return to Bikini Bottom and see the destruction. They both realize that Triton was locked up for a reason. They sneak into the Krusty Krab using the secret entrance, which led to inside the grill. SpongeBob tells Patrick to be very quiet. Patrick agrees, but misfortunely throws the top of the grill backwards making a loud clashing noise. The two peek from behind the cashier window and see that Triton has locked up Neptune and all the party goers in a cage. Neptune apologizes to Triton and begs him to release everybody else and take him instead, but he ignores him. Then SpongeBob and Patrick unlock the cage staying hidden in the grill. Triton, in great dismay, says to his father that he was only kidding and tries to run... er... swim away. But an angry Neptune catches him by appearing in front of him. Triton tries to tell him that he didn't mean to lock him in a cage, but his father thought he has gone too far. Neptune then saw what Triton did to Bikini Bottom and angrily asks him if he was responsible for it. Triton begs Neptune not to send him back to the cage. But Neptune, instead of punishing him, says that he just gave him the best 5,000th birthday present he has ever received. Triton learned to use his powers at long last, and that was what Neptune wanted all along. Both father and son hugged with everyone cheering for them. Then, with Amphitrite, they return home. As they leave, Neptune says this was all because of SpongeBob. But everybody hears what he said and begins to hate SpongeBob. The episode ends with SpongeBob and Patrick running for their lives as the citizens of Bikini Bottom form a mob and chase them.
|( ‣ ) Associated production music
|( • ) Original music
|( ◦ ) SpongeBob music
‣ Tagliatelle - Francois Proust [title card]
• Hawaiian Sting - Nicolas Carr [Hawaiian sting]
‣ Vault of Secrets - Jane Antonia Cornish [opening]
‣ Classic Soap 14 - Dieter Reith [Neptune watching TV]
‣ Santa Lucia (a) - Janos Lehar ["Oh, my darling Amphitrite, it is not my age that troubles me so."]
• ? - Michael Bolger, Nicolas Carr [at the Krusty Krab]
‣ ? [Krabs zapped]
‣ The Adventurers - Paddy Kingsland ["Oil up your spatula, boy!"]
• ? - Nicolas Carr [Patrick turns off flashlight]
• ? - Michael Bolger, Nicolas Carr [Krusty Krab decorated for Neptune's 5000th birthday]
• ? - Jeremy Wakefield [Krabs babbling]
‣ Big Show Theme - Robert Sharples [Krabs rolls out the red carpet]
‣ It's Showtime - Harry Bluestone, Emil Cadkin ["Wait a minute, King Neptune is coming here?"]
• ? - Nicolas Carr ["Why in Neptune's name would I let you..."]
• ? - Michael Bolger, Nicolas Carr [Krabs charging money to see Neptune eat]
‣ Gates of Troy - David Farnon [Neptune arrives]
• ? - Michael Bolger, Nicolas Carr [birthday party]
‣ ? ["Is there a Triton here?"]
‣ Santa Lucia (a) - Janos Lehar [Neptune cries]
‣ Circus Maximus - Jean-Pierre Fouquey [film starts]
• Plankton's Ballpark Organ - Nicolas Carr [Triton watching a baseball game]
‣ Circus Maximus - Jean-Pierre Fouquey ["Take hold of your trident and practice your smiting."]
‣ Charge - ? [Neptune zaps a field light]
‣ Mount Olympus - Paddy Kingsland ["What was happening to my own flesh and blood?"]
‣ Vault of Secrets - Jane Antonia Cornish ["How many times do I have to tell you? We are gods!"]
‣ ? [dance music]
‣ Vault of Secrets - Jane Antonia Cornish ["The island in the sky."]
‣ Cinnecitta Nostalgia - Marc Durst ["No! The one on the other side of the river."]
‣ Vault of Secrets - Jane Antonia Cornish [Neptune locks Triton in a cage]
‣ Mount Olympus - Paddy Kingsland [film ends]
‣ ? [everyone asleep]
• Vibe Sting - Nicolas Carr [Krabs wakes up]
• ? - Michael Bolger, Nicolas Carr ["Who's ready for a piping hot Krabby Patty?"]
‣ Pua Paoakalani B - Kapono Beamer, Queen Lili'uokalani [Neptune lost his appetite]
• ? - Jeremy Wakefield ["This is a ripoff!"]
‣ King of the Giants C - John Fox, Otto Sieben ["Why have you not obeyed me, mortal?"]
• ? - Jeremy Wakefield [Krabs zapped again]
‣ Melodrama - Harry Bluestone, Emil Cadkin ["Oh, no! This is all my fault!"]
‣ ? [SpongeBob gets an idea]
• ? - Sage Guyton, Jeremy Wakefield ["I'll fix all this by reuniting Neptune with his son!"]
‣ Floating in the Ether - Paul Arnold, Andrew James Barnabas [SpongeBob dropped off at the island]
‣ The Drunken Sailor - ? [Neptune still crying]
• ? - Michael Bolger, Nicolas Carr ["Squidward, you're a man of culture."]
‣ It's Showtime - Harry Bluestone, Emil Cadkin ["Hold on to your hats and glasses, people!"]
• ? - Nicolas Carr, Barry Anthony [Squidward playing clarinet]
‣ Hawaiian Sting 9 - Hans Haider [SpongeBob sleeping]
• ? - Nicolas Carr [SpongeBob looks up]
‣ Hiding Place - Marc Andre Dall'Anese [SpongeBob finds Triton]
‣ No Questions Asked B - Gregor F. Narholz ["It just doesn't make any sense."]
• ? - Jeremy Wakefield [SpongeBob trying to undo the lock]
‣ Heavy Fight - Gerhard Trede [SpongeBob trying to undo the lock]
‣ Drama Link (d) - Hubert Clifford [SpongeBob screams]
‣ No Questions Asked - Gregor F. Narholz ["That lock was forged by the gods!"]
‣ Tympup A - Sammy Burdson, John Charles Fiddy ["Wait a minute!"]
• Hawaiian Sting - Nicolas Carr ["Wait a minute!"]
• Gator - Steve Belfer [SpongeBob calls Patrick]
‣ Floating in the Ether - Paul Arnold, Andrew James Barnabas [Patrick dropped off at the island]
• Seaweed - Steve Belfer [Patrick unlocks the cage]
• ? - Jeremy Wakefield ["I just peel the stickers off the squares, put them where they're supposed to go."]
‣ Tower of Evil - Jane Antonia Cornish [Triton escapes]
‣ World of Fantasy - Gregor F. Narholz [Triton turns the cage into a car]
• Monster Wave - Nicolas Carr, Fabian Fernandez, James King [Triton driving]
‣ ? [back at the Krusty Krab]
• Monster Wave - Nicolas Carr, Fabian Fernandez, James King [Triton crashes through the wall]
‣ Tower of Evil - Jane Antonia Cornish [Triton locks everyone in a cage]
‣ The Great White - Gregor F. Narholz [town destroyed]
‣ Command Post 2 - Harry Bluestone, Emil Cadkin ["The Krusty Krab!"]
‣ ? [secret entrance]
‣ Fates - Gregor F. Narholz ["Please! I'll be ruined!"]
‣ The Oracle - David Farnon ["Son, hear my words."]
‣ Drama Link (f) - Hubert Clifford ["He's unstoppable."]
‣ Secret Service - Syd Dale ["Make ready the disguise!"]
‣ ? [SpongeBob and Patrick inside the grill]
‣ ? [Patrick unlocks the cage]
‣ Vault of Secrets - Jane Antonia Cornish ["No, please, I never meant to!"]
‣ No Questions Asked (Web/HD Only) - Gregor F. Narholz ["Son, I have tried all my life to be gentle, but this time you have..."]
• Vibe Sting - Nicolas Carr [Neptune stops]
‣ Dramatic Impact 6 - Ivor Slaney [Neptune sees the destroyed town]
‣ Fancytale - Gregor F. Narholz [Neptune's proud of Triton]
• ? - Sage Guyton, Jeremy Wakefield [citizens angry at SpongeBob]
• SpongeBob Theme - Sage Guyton, Jeremy Wakefield [ending]
Many fans complained about this episode because Victoria Beckham only had a few lines, SpongeBob didn't do anything heroic except free Neptune, Mindy wasn't in this episode or referred to, and that Triton wasn't locked up for doing bad things.
- In the Serbian Dub Mermaid Man's name is Triton, so this episode sparked some confusion.
- In this episode, the merfolk have 4 fingers on each hand but in the other episodes and in the movie, they are drawn with 5 fingers on each hand like all of the other humans on the show.
- It is unknown why Neptune put Triton on the list if he didn't want Triton to be mentioned.
- In the movie, Mindy is King Neptune's daughter but she is not seen or referred to in this episode. Triton is stated to be Neptune's only child in this episode. This could possibly be explained by Squidward's quote in Krusty Towers "King Neptune XIV would be nice," as they may be different heirs of King Neptune. Amphitrite also doesnt appear in the movie nor was she referred to in any way. There is also the fact that Neptune looked completely different in The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie. However, since the movie takes place after the entire series, Mindy could've been born sometime after this episode and Amphitrite might have died between the events of the show and movie. This might be explained in the upcoming 2015 sequel or at some future point in the series.
- One of the advisers from the party becomes a ghost in Séance Shméance.
- This episode was on Comcast's on demand service before it even aired on TV.
- Since this aired on July 5, 2010, July 5 is probably his birthday, unless this took place on another time. King Neptune now is 5,003.
- This is the third time a secret entrance was seen. The first two were Wormy and Born to Be Wild.
- This episode was originally put to be called "Neptune's Party," and a title card for "Neptune's Party" was even made before they decided to change it to "The Clash of Triton." The title card can still be seen on the German title card, but the German title is not made of frosting.
- Frankie can be seen in a business suit, similar to that in Sand Castles in the Sand. He seemed to have a girl voice in this episode when he was cheering for Neptune and Triton.
- This is the second episode who's title was later renamed but the title card still labels it's former title. The first instance was in Shanghaied.
- In SpongeHenge, Shubie doesn't believe in King Neptune, but in this episode she does and is quite fascinated.
- Running Gag: Whenever Mr. Krabs disappoints Queen Amphitrite, she zaps Mr. Krabs.
- When Shubie wants to see King Neptune eat, and Mr. Krabs refuses to let her, but then he gets the idea of charging people to watch King Neptune eat, Shubie isn't there to see him eat, in the line nor the seats.
- When Triton locks up King Neptune, he is taller than him.
- Squidward has always been obsessed and fascinated by King Neptune, but in this episode he's not.
- Atlantis from Neptune's Spatula is once again seen.
- The flashback shown by King Neptune is likely to nearly take place before the series. Although a baseball game can be seen during the flashback, so this is possibly not a true fact.
- Queen Amphitrite was originally mistaken to be a computer-wife just like Karen.
- Queen Amphitrite seems to show a dislike to Mr. Krabs, because Krabs insults her.
- The Island in the Sky might be a reference to the Island of Skye in Scotland.
- When Patrick receives the phone call from SpongeBob, he was holding a potato chip, but when he used his finger to turn off the phone, he is no longer holding it.
- The title might be a reference to a 1981 film "Clash of the Titans", but more likely the 2010 remake film.
- On the commercial it was called "SpongeBob and The Clash of Triton" but "The Clash of Triton" when it aired.
- This episode has four alternate titles. Neptune's Party, Triton's Revenge, Clash of Triton, and SpongeBob and The Clash of Triton.
- There is a marathon for this episode called "Clash of The Triton". The episodes airing were: Neptune's Party, Gramma's Secret Recipe, The Cent of Money (Originally named The Smell of Money and to be in Season 8), That Sinking Feeling, & Karate Star.
- The Clash of Triton was going to be a TV movie just like Atlantis SquarePantis, Truth or Square and possibly The Great Patty Caper (also known as Krabby Patty No More).
- There is no empty seat (reserved for Triton) before and after SpongeBob spots it.
- The Clash of Triton is the first special that King Neptune was in, apart from The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie.
- There are two shorts for this episode; SpongeGod and The Story of King Neptune.
- When Triton is in the cage he is much smaller than SpongeBob but when he gets out he is much bigger.
- When Nat Peterson was in the crowd watching King Neptune eat, he was the biggest, but in Krabby Land and The Play's the Thing he is very short.
- Tina was seen being hit by a tire even though Triton's car tires are all intact after he crashes into the Krusty Krab.
- This is King Neptune's 3rd appearance in the series, not counting The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie.
- This is one of the episodes that aired far away from a season that in the same season to be counted in that season but in a different year, such as "Gary Takes a Bath" and "Goo Goo Gas".
- This is the only Season 6 episode to be aired in 2010, however it aired far away from that season, because it aired in the middle of Season 7 but still counts as a Season 6 episode, because Season 7 starts in 2009 through 2011; In the middle, Season 7 has 2010 episodes; The DVD for this episode contains Season 6 episodes; so it lets to finish Season 7.
- Fred was the baseball coach when Triton was watching.
- SpongeBob suggests to go out for "Triple Gooberry Sundaes", though in The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie the are called "Triple Gooberberry Sunrises."
- The Clash of Triton DVD is titled "Triton's Revenge" instead of its actual title.
- The "grandma" from Blackened Sponge appears again in the audience.
- Neptune could have been amazed by Triton using his powers to lock Neptune.
- This is the third time an indication to an odor to SpongeBob's feet. When he use using his bare foot to pick the phone up, before Mr. Krabs took the phone, he appeared to have been smelling SpongeBob's foot.
- In Clash of Triton Online Game, Triton turned Sandy, Squidward, Patrick, and Mr. Krabs into mythological creatures (he probably knew about mythological creatures because his father taught him about them, and even when he was rebellious, he memorized them because his father made him).
- This episode first aired in Serbia before USA and it was called "Нептунов Рођендан" (Neptune's Birthday) and had the title card of Neptune's Party but when it aired in the USA the title card was changed to The Clash of Triton title card and it was named "Сукоб око Тритона" (The Fight Over Triton).
- In Greek mythology, Neptune's counterpart was Poseidon and Amphitrite is his consort. Triton was his son.
- In Southeast Asia, this episode was premiered on December 25, 2010.
- Triton probably didn't release his mother and the others and take Neptune instead because:
- He knew they would try to defeat him (mostly his mother).
- His mother or the monsters could've stopped Neptune from locking him in a cage or at least set him free, but they only agreed with Neptune, and Triton might've wanted revenge on them as well.
- He just didn't seem to care about his family or anyone else.
- This is the first and last episode where the directing team of Casey Alexander and Zeus Cervas were paired with solo-director Aaron Springer.
Cultural References
- This episode was a parody of Clash of Titans.
- There were two scenes where the outline of Triton's eyebrows flickered bright orange for nearly a second. The first time was when he said, "Gosh!" The second time was when he said, "...but up in here..."
- On this episode, Neptune acts as if he doesn't know SpongeBob, Mr. Krabs, and Patrick. Even though he met them in a previous episode.
- Neptune said that it has been thousands of years passed since Triton asked how to play baseball (or in his case, the ball and stick game). However, baseball didn't exist that long ago, and the players were wearing modern day clothes rather than old fashioned ones. Apparently, Atlantis is a rapidly growing modernized society.
- When Amphitrite was about to close the door of the carriage after Neptune and Triton reunited, the sea horse on her belt vanished.
- As Triton opens the cage door, two pearls on his bracelet were the same color of his skin.
- When SpongeBob and Patrick approached the Krusty Krab and SpongeBob pointed at the mail, neither Triton or anyone else was seen inside.
- When Triton was waving his hand to wave away SpongeBob's breath, it was a darker green than his skin for about a second.
- In the third commercial of this episode, after SpongeBob says "Okay, Patrick, that's enough, thank you", the lights are turned off and Patrick says "What?". In the episode, he doesn't do this.
- The audience wasn't in front of the Krusty Krab when Triton drives in.
- Sadie had a higher voice that sounds similar to SpongeBob and the cop had a Harold voice.
- SpongeBob was seen in a tuxedo halfway across the episode, but there were four scenes where the white sleeve of his regular clothes was seen.
- When Neptune knocked the beaker out of Triton's hands, part of the outline of Triton's headband is the same color of the outline of his hair.
- When Neptune opened the door to Triton's room, Triton's skin (between his vest and belt) turned red.


text:
Detroit, Michigan Employment Discrimination Lawyer Robert Palmer answers:
What do I have to show to prove a prima facie case of employment discrimination?
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Law Firm Infoif ($row['redirect'] == 'Y') {include('includes/elements/redirect_info_Y.php');} elseif ($row['redirect'] == 'N' AND ($page == "topic" OR $page == "video")) {include('includes/elements/redirect_info_N.php');} elseif ($row['redirect'] == 'N') {include('includes/elements/redirect_info_N.php');} ?>
117 West Fourth Street Suite 200
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About Our Firm
The Michigan law firm of Pitt, McGehee, Palmer, Rivers & Golden has been assisting clients throughout the Detroit, Michigan, area since 1992. Founded with the goal of providing aggressive and principled representation in employment matters, our firm also offers personal injury and criminal defense services. We are also passionate advocates for people suffering from the effects of employment discrimination, injury, or criminal charges.
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Robert Palmer graduated from Wayne State University Law School in 1980, magna cum laude. He joined Pitt, McGehee, Palmer, Rivers and Golden, P.C. in September 2002. In this move, Robert aligned himself with skilled practitioners in the area of employment rights, an area which has been a substantial focus of his practice. Robert has been appointed as a Special Attorney General, and in that capacity, defended the Wayne County Friend of the Court's office in a complex employment matter. Additional…
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text:
46 U.S. Code § 55107 - Empty cargo containers and barges
prev | next
(a) In General.— Subject to subsections (b) and (c), and on terms and conditions the Secretary of Homeland Security may prescribe by regulation, section 55102 of this title does not apply to the transportation of—
(3) empty barges specifically designed for carriage aboard a vessel and equipment (except propulsion equipment) for use with those barges;
(4) empty instruments for international traffic exempted from the customs laws under section 322(a) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1322 (a)); or
(b) Conditions.—
(1) Paragraphs (1)–(4).—Paragraphs (1)–(4) of subsection (a) apply only if the items named are owned or leased by the owner or operator of the vessel and transported for its use in handling its cargo in foreign trade.
(2) Paragraph (5).—Paragraph (5) of subsection (a) applies only if the items named are—
(A) owned or leased by the owner or operator of the vessel or by the stevedoring company having the contract for the loading or unloading of the vessel; and
(c) Reciprocity Requirement for Foreign Vessels.— This section applies to a vessel of foreign registry only if the Secretary of Homeland Security finds, based on information from the Secretary of State, that the government of the nation of registry extends reciprocal privileges to vessels of the United States.
Source(Pub. L. 109–304, § 8(c),Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1635.)
|Revised Section
|Source (U.S. Code)
|Source (Statutes at Large)
|46 App.:883 (6th proviso).
|June 5, 1920, ch. 250, § 27 (6th proviso), 41 Stat. 999; July 2, 1935, ch. 355, 49 Stat. 442; Pub. L. 89–194, Sept. 21, 1965, 79 Stat. 823; Pub. L. 90–474, Aug. 11, 1968, 80 Stat. 700; Pub. L. 92–163, § 1, Nov. 23, 1971, 85 Stat. 486.
In subsection (a), before paragraph (1), the words "by vessels of the United States not qualified to engage in the coastwise trade, or by vessels of foreign registry" are omitted as unnecessary. In paragraph (4), the words "by the Secretary of the Treasury" are omitted as unnecessary because the section referred to provides who administers it.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


text:
Chill out. Keep bottles of bubbly perfectly chilled on tables, counters or buffets with this shiny silver Champagne Bucket. Handles make it easy to move the celebration from room to room.
• Stainless steel.
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• Hand wash.
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text: You will be howling this Halloween in our Werewolf Costume for Men. It comes with a shirt, claw gloves, and a mask. Tattered plaid shirt makes it look as though a poor unsuspecting lumberjack was bitten by a werewolf in the woods and made the transformation into this hairy beast himself. Pull on the furry gray mask with pointy ears and ugly snout and the furry gray gloves with clawed hands. Cut up the hemline on an old pair of pants to make them look as though they were ripped during your violent full moon transformation.


text:
The political battle over school funding continues in Augusta Monday with a public hearing before the Legislature's Education and Cultural Affairs Committee. On the agenda: a bill that would force the state to use revenues from the Oxford Casino to fund 55 percent of the total cost of K-12 education - something voters approved several years ago that still hasn't happened. Jay Field has more.
Maine's casino law requires that a portion of the profits from gaming go to general purpose aid for public education, or GPA. Next fiscal year, the state is projecting it will receive roughly $13 million from the Oxford Casino. David-Connerty Marin is spokesperson for the Maine Department of Education.
"Almost all of those funds are going to go out to schools," he says. "Now, unlike some of GPA, much of GPA, where the districts can spend it however they'd like, these would be targeted funds."
The LePage administration wants to spend that money on key education reform priorities, like a new teacher and principal evaluation system, moving districts to a proficiency-based high school diploma, increasing support for severely underperforming schools and expanding school choice options.
"These are projects that are required in law, some of them," Connerty-Marin says. "The teacher evaluation and the proficiency-based diploma are both required by law. Districts have to do that. And I imagine that districts would be very pleased to know that there are actually funds in the budget to allow them to implement the law they've been required to implement."
Pleased is not the reaction coming from the president of the Maine Education Association. "Proficiency-based diploma, the teacher evaluation or educator effectiveness - whichever name you want to give to it - those are pet projects," says Lois Kilbey Chesley.
Kilbey Chesley says it's not appropriate to use casino money for these targeted education initiatives, at a time of severe financial distress for public schools. Her organization represents the state's roughly 25,000 public school teachers. She says the gambling profits should be distributed to districts to use as they see fit, as Maine's casino law intended.
"That's what Mainers voted for, and so we believe it should go directly to education and not for other purposes," Kilbey Chesley says.
Back in December, school districts across the state were hit with a more than $12 million curtailment. And education funding in Gov. Paul LePage's next two-year budget is projected to be flat.
"He's violating the law: The law states that we fund these at 55 percent. I voted for it and it passed," says Rep. Jim Campbell. Campbell is referring to the 2004 initiative passed by Maine voters requiring the state to cover 55 percent of the funding needed to pay for K-12 education.
Campbell, a Newfield independent, is sponsoring a bill that would force the administration to use the Oxford Casino profits to ensure that Maine reaches this threshold. "First things first," he says. "Fund our schools and have some respect for our teachers. And fund them at 55 percent and then go from there. That's my answer."
The Legislature's Education and Cultural Affairs Committee will hold a public hearing on Campbell's bill on Monday.
Editor's Note: In the interest of full disclosure, the Maine Education Association represents some staff, including reporters, at the Maine Public Broadcasting Network.


text:
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see also ...
® Blick and Blick Studio are registered trademarks. ™ Blickrylic is a trademark.


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Library Advisory Boards are established by individual cities that have annexed to the King County Library System (KCLS). Members of these community boards are appointed by and serve in an advisory capacity to City officials on matters regarding the KCLS community library they represent.
- Rebecca Birch (Term expires: 2018)
- Sarah Marie Boerner (Term expires: 2018)
- Laura Escude (Term Expires: 2016)
- Sara Glerum, (Term Expires: 2019)
- Roberta J. Graham (Term Expires: 2015)
- Lucy Macneil (Term expires: 2017)
- Nadia Mustafa (Term Expires: 2019)
Questions? Karen Hardiman at 425-486-7811 or firstname.lastname@example.com


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text:
Risk Management Framework (RMF) Services
The Administration requires federal agencies to dynamically manage their cybersecurity at an enterprise level. To support this effort, GSA offers Risk Management Framework (RMF) services Blanket Purchase Agreements (BPAs) through seven (7) industry partners with pre-competed pricing.
The framework considers effectiveness, efficiency, and constraints required by applicable laws, directives, Executive Orders, policies, standards, or regulations. RMF is a mandated element of FISMA compliance (see the reference section below).
How to order
1. Determine that your work is in scope
Review the BPA modification in the Risk Management Framework Ordering Guide [PDF - 300KB] for the BPA's full scope. During this phase, you must also determine your current systems' complexity.
Use the RMF Service request package [XLSX - 39KB]. This Excel workbook takes you tab-by-tab to a better understanding of how to use the RMF BPA, and ensures that you don't miss any critical steps.
Table of Security Deliverables and References helps ordering activities understand and identify which CLIN(s) to include on their solicitation [DOCX - 780KB].
2. Prepare the statement of work (SOW)
Draft your requirements in accordance with your system assessment. Use the ordering procedures in FAR 8.405-2 for a list of what you must include.
3. Prepare the request for quotations (RFQ)
Follow your agency's procedures for preparing an RFQ and follow any internal policies for acquiring IT services. Develop and state your evaluation criteria.
All orders must be fixed-price.
4. Issue the request for quotations (RFQ)
Below $3,000. If your order is below the micro-purchase threshold, you can place orders with any BPA holder that can meet your needs. Try to distribute orders among the BPA holders.
Between $3,000 and $150,000. If your order is between the micro-purchase threshold and the simplified acquisition threshold, provide the RFQ to at least three BPA holders according to FAR 405-2. (If you don't, you must document exceptions according to FAR 8.405-6.)
Above $150,000. If your order is more than the simplified acquisition threshold, provide the RFQ to all BPA holders that meet your requirements. You must also seek a price reduction.
5. Evaluate responses
Evaluate all responses received using the evaluation criteria you specified in the RFQ. See FAR 8.405-2(d) for more guidance. Select the BPA holder that represents the best value.
6. Award the task order
Award the task order and document who you awarded it to, what was purchased, and the pricing. Include the BPA number, BPA holder's name, and Schedule contract number on all orders.
Industry partners
More information about each awardee, including points of contact, is available in the Risk Management Framework Ordering Guide Rev. 6/2015 [PDF - 913KB].
Here are the seven (7) RMF BPA awardees, linked to their nongovernment websites.
- Deloitte Consulting, LLP - GS00Q11AEA0018, 06/09/2016;
- DSD Laboratories, Inc. - GS00Q11AEA0019, 06/09/2016;
- G&B Solutions, Inc. - GS00Q11AEA0020, 06/09/2016;
- Knowledge Consulting Group, Inc. - GS00Q11AEA0028, 06/09/2016;
- Telos Corporation - GS00Q11AEA0025, 03/31/2016;
- Tetrad Digital Integrity - GS00Q11AEA0034, 06/09/2016; and
- Veris Group, LLC - GS00Q11AEA0035, 06/09/2016.
Ceiling: $58 Million
Period of performance: June 10, 2011, to June 9, 2016
Solicitation number: eBuy RFQ #465145 (QTA-0-10-FK-B-0001)
Aligned with federal cybersecurity guidance and commercial best practices
The RMF BPA aligns with the Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) requirements, Office of Management and Budget (OMB) guidance, and the DHS National Infrastructure Protection Plan. Read more about the FISMA requirements.
Available to all government customers
Federal, state, local, and tribal government organizations can use the RMF BPA.
Lower prices
The RMF BPA features lower prices than you can find on IT Schedule 70.
Guidance, policy and references
- DHS Risk Management Framework (RMF) Certification and Accreditation Service Offerings;
- NIST Special Publication 800-37 - Guide for Applying the Risk Management Framework (RMF) to Federal Information Systems Revision 1 [PDF - 250KB];
- NIST offers online RMF Training; and
- NIST's Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations (NIST 800-53) [PDF - 4.20MB].


text:
Liberia Peacebuilding Office / United Nations Peacebuilding Fund Secretariat
NGO Directory, 27 October 2011
Capitol Hill
Tel: +231 664 7010
Email: email@example.com
Web: www.liberiapeacebuildingoffice.org
NGO Directory, 27 October 2011
Capitol Hill
Tel: +231 664 7010
Email: email@example.com
Web: www.liberiapeacebuildingoffice.org
As of late March, more than 100,000 Ivorian refugees had crossed into eastern Liberia since lingering political tension from a disputed presidential election in neighbouring Côte d' Ivoire erupted into violence in February. Most have gone to Liberia's Nimba County, but in a sign that the fighting has shifted, some 6,000 Ivorians recently fled across the border into Liberia's Grand Gedeh County. Most of the new arrivals have settled in remote villages - some inaccessible by car. The UN refugee agency sent a mission to assess the needs of the refugees in the region.
Photographer Glenna Gordon photographed new arrivals near Zwedru in south-eastern Liberia.
UNHCR has begun transferring refugees from Côte d'Ivoire to a new refugee camp in the north-eastern Liberian town of Bahn. Over the coming weeks UNHCR hopes to move up to 15,000 refugees into the facility, which has been carved out of the jungle. They are among almost 40,000 civilians from Côte d'Ivoire who have fled to escape mounting political tension in their country since the presidential election in late November.
The final number of people to move to Bahn will depend on how many wish to be relocated.from villages near the Liberia-Côte d'Ivoire border. Initially most of the refugees were taken in by host communities, living side-by-side with locals. Poor road conditions made it difficult for humanitarian agencies to deliver assistance. Supplies of food, medicine and water have been running low, making conditions difficult for both locals and refugees.
At the camp in Bahn, refugees will have easy access to basic services such as health care, clean water and primary school education.
Africa is the continent most affected by the tragedy of forced displacement. While millions of refugees were able to return to Angola, Burundi, Liberia, Rwanda and South Sudan over the last 15 years, the numbers of internally displaced people continued to grow. At the beginning of 2009, in addition to some 2.3 million refugees, an estimated 11.6 million people were internally displaced by conflict in Africa.
To address forced displacement on the continent, the African Union is organizing a special summit on refugees, returnees and internally displaced people from October 19-23 in the Ugandan capital, Kampala. Heads of state and government will look at the challenges and at ways to find solutions to forced displacement. They are also expected to adopt a Convention for the protection and assistance of internally displaced people (IDP) in Africa, which would be the first legally binding instrument on internal displacement with a continental scope. This photo gallery looks at some of the forcibly displaced around Africa, many of whom are helped by UNHCR.


text:
gadu wrote:Logress, can you change the Starter Switcher effect to "buy one starter". Starter Switcher is priced at 500 G in the shop and that seems like a reasonable price to buy a starter, not exchange all your cards for other cards.
JP starters is at 50 gran price.
Why use starter switcher when one could play in folrart arena for a week or two and get 2nd starter file right away.
Starter swticher was made because usa starters is too expensive for they gives.


text:
Running Automated Tests for the Joomla CMS
From Joomla! Documentation
Revision as of 10:36, 2 November 2012 by Dextercowley (Talk | contribs)
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Install PHPUnit
- 3 Running Unit Tests
- 4 Selenium RC System Tests
- 5 Tips
- 6 Eclipse Users
- 6.1 Run a Unit Test
- 6.2 Setting Up For Debugging
- 6.3 Debug a Single Unit Test
- 6.4 Run a Single System Test
- 6.5 Debug a Single System Test
- 6.6 Run the System Test Suite
This article is actively undergoing a major edit for a short while.
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This article has been updated as of November 2012 to reflect the latest information for running unit and system tests for Joomla version 3.0.
When you checkout the master branch of Joomla from Github.com (https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms) you will see a folder called "tests". This folder contains unit and system tests for the CMS. The unit tests use PHPUnit and the system tests use PHPUnit and Selenium. The unit tests perform tests on the Joomla library files (libraries/cms). The Selenium system tests run Joomla! from a browser and test it as a user would.
Before you can run the tests, you need to install some programs on your local workstation, as documented below. This document explains how to run the these tests from your local workstation.
Install PHPUnit
Both the unit and system tests rely on PHPUnit. PHPUnit is a testing framework that requires PHP to be installed on the local workstation. On most PHP installations, PNPUnit can be installed using the PEAR installation process, so that is what we document here. As of November 2012, PHPUnit 3.6 is recommended. PHP version 5.3.8 or later is required to run the Joomla system tests. You can run the unit tests with PHP 5.3.3 or later.
The latest installation instructions for PHPUnit are here: http://www.phpunit.de/manual/3.6/en/installation.html.
The PEAR commands are as follows:
pear config-set auto_discover 1
pear install pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit
pear install pear.phpunit/DbUnit
pear install phpunit/PHPUnit_Selenium
For example, on XAMPP version 1.8.1 on Windows, you would do the following commands and install PHPUnit version 3.7.8. First you set pear for auto discover, as follows:
C:\xampp\php>pear config-set auto_discover 1 config-set succeeded
Next you install PHPUnit. This will work for a few minutes and should show something similar to the following:
C:\xampp\php>pear install pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit Attempting to discover channel "pear.phpunit.de"... downloading channel.xml ... Starting to download channel.xml (804 bytes) ....done: 804 bytes Auto-discovered channel "pear.phpunit.de", alias "phpunit", adding to registry Attempting to discover channel "pear.symfony.com"... downloading channel.xml ... ... ... (some lines omitted to save space) ... install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/File_Iterator-1.3.3 install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/Text_Template-1.1.4 install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHP_Timer-1.0.4 install ok: channel://pear.symfony.com/Yaml-2.1.3 install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHP_TokenStream-1.1.5 install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHP_CodeCoverage-1.2.6 install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit_MockObject-1.2.1 install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit-3.7.8
Next, install DbUnit as follows:
C:\xampp\php>pear install phpunit/DbUnit downloading DbUnit-1.2.1.tgz ... Starting to download DbUnit-1.2.1.tgz (41,892 bytes) ............done: 41,892 bytes install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/DbUnit-1.2.1
Finally, to run the system tests you need to install the Selenium extension for PHPUnit, as follows:
C:\xampp\php>pear install phpunit/PHPunit_Selenium downloading PHPUnit_Selenium-1.2.10.tgz ... Starting to download PHPUnit_Selenium-1.2.10.tgz (37,389 bytes) ..........done: 37,389 bytes install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit_Selenium-1.2.10
At this point, PHPUnit should be set up and you can proceed to the next section.
Troubleshooting PHPUnit Installation
If you get an error that your PEAR version is too low, run:
pear upgrade pear
and repeat
pear install phpunit/PHPUnit . Windows users not using WAMP or XAMPP can use the same procedure, with substituting the location of your PHP installation for
cd c:\xampp\php.
In Ubuntu Linux, use the following commands to install PHPUnit:
sudo apt-get install php-pear
sudo pear channel-update pear.php.net
sudo pear upgrade-all
sudo pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de
sudo pear channel-discover components.ez.no
sudo pear channel-discover pear.symfony-project.com
sudo pear install -a phpunit/PHPUnit
In Mac OSX with XAMPP, use the following commands to install PHPUnit:
$sudo /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin/pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de
$sudo /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin/pear channel-discover pear.symfony-project.com
$sudo /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin/pear channel-discover components.ez.no
$sudo /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin/pear install -a phpunit/PHPUnit
If you are using MAMP, substitute the path to your PHP pear folder for
More detailed instructions can be found here: http://www.phpunit.de/manual/3.0/en/installation.html.
Running Unit Tests
Run Suite from XML File
Once PHPUnit is installed, it's easy to run the unit tests. The command that runs the tests is called
phpunit. This file is found in your PHP folder. For example, in Windows with Xampp, it would be
c:/xampp/php/phpunit. In Linux, with Xampp, it might be
/opt/lampp/bin/phpunit. If you add this to your operating system path, you can execute it from any folder without using the full path name.
When you run
phpunit it looks for a PHPUnit configuration XML file (either
phpunit.xml or
phpunit.xml.dist). The CMS unit tests are run from the Joomla root folder, where you will find the
phpunit.xml.dist file. This file is included in the Git repository and can be used as is or customized (by making a copy called
To run all of the unit tests from the command line:
- Change Joomla root folder
- Execute the command
The following example runs the entire unit test suite using the
phpunit.xml.dist file in Windows.
C:\xampp\htdocs\joomla_development\cms-trunk>phpunit PHPUnit 3.6.11 by Sebastian Bergmann. Configuration read from C:\xampp\htdocs\joomla_development\cms-trunk\phpunit.xml.dist IIIIIIII....................SS.......S......................... 63 / 234 ( 26%) ............................................ISSISSSSSSSSSSI.... 126 / 234 ( 53%) ...IIIIIIIIII.I.I.I.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII..IIIIIIIIS.IIIIII..II..SS 189 / 234 ( 80%) SI..I........I...I...I...I.III.I............. Time: 13 seconds, Memory: 21.25Mb OK, but incomplete or skipped tests! Tests: 234, Assertions: 281, Incomplete: 67, Skipped: 19. Generating code coverage report in Clover XML format ... done Generating code coverage report in HTML format ... done
The dots indicate a successful test. If you have errors or failures, they will show as "E" or "F" letters and a detailed message for each will show. If you are generating code coverage or other logs, you can see the folders where these are generated in the XML file. In the default file, all of the logs are generated in
build/logs, with coverage information in a folder called
You can create your own phpunit.xml file by copying the phpunit.xml.dist file and making the desired changes. For example, if you don't want to create the coverage information, remove the
log type="coverage-html" element.
Run Selected Unit Tests
You can run unit tests one at a time or by folder. The following example runs all of the tests in the
libraries/feed folder:
C:\xampp\htdocs\joomla_development\cms-trunk>phpunit tests/unit/suites/libraries /feed PHPUnit 3.6.11 by Sebastian Bergmann. Configuration read from C:\xampp\htdocs\joomla_development\cms-trunk\phpunit.xml
Time: 1 second, Memory: 8.25Mb
OK, but incomplete or skipped tests!
You can also specify a single test simply by specifying it's full path name in the command.
Selenium RC System Tests
The older Selenium RC system tests are in the folder tests/system/suite. Before you can run the system tests, you need to install and download the Selenium Server program and configure your test environment, as shown below.
Download Selenium Server
Selenium Server (formerly Selenium RC) is the package that allows us to run Selenium tests from PHP (instead of Java). To download it, just go to the Selenium site http://seleniumhq.org/download/ and download the Selenium Server file (for example, selenium-server-standalone-2.25.0.jar) to a folder.
For example, in Windows if you create a folder called
C:\selenium and copy this file there. In that folder, create a Windows bat file (such as selenium.bat though the name does not matter) or Linux shell script that runs the following command:
java -jar selenium-server-2.25.0.jar (Obviously you will need to use the exact name for the version you downloaded.)
If the Java executable is not on your path, then you will need to indicate the full path to it, like the following:
"c:\program files (x86)\Java\jre6\bin\java.exe" -jar selenium-server-2.25.0.jar
This program needs to be running in the background before you can run any Selenium functional tests. So just run this program from a Bat file and it will continue to run in the background in a console window until you close it (for example, with Ctrl+C).
Create a Selenium Configuration File
To run the Selenium tests, we have to tell Selenium how to navigate and login to our local Joomla! installation. This is done by creating a PHP file called
tests/system/servers/configdef.php. The Joomla! download includes a file called
tests/system/servers/config-def.php-dist. This is a sample file that you can use to create the real file. Copy this file to a file called
tests/system/servers/configdef.php and edit it to reflect your test systems configuration. There are comments in the file that tell you how to do this.
Run the System Test Suite
At this point, we are ready to actually run the tests. There are two steps to running a test. First, you need to make sure the Selenium Server process is running in the background. To do this, just execute the command (bat file or shell script) you created when you installed Selenium. This will continue to run (in a console window) until you cancel it. You do not need to stop and start this for each test. Just run it once and let it run in the background.
Once Selenium is running, you need to execute the system tests. These are executed the same way we did the unit tests, except for our starting directory.
To run all tests from the command line in Windows, change to the
tests/system folder and run the following command
By default, this will use the
tests/system/phpunit.xml.dist file that is included with the Joomla checkout. This will run all of the tests listed in the phpunit.xml.dist file. You should see two browser windows open. One will display Selenium commands that are being executed. The other will show the Joomla! website and the various screens that are being opened and closed as the tests are run. As each test is completed, you will see comments in the console window describing each step in the test.
Note that the entire suite of tests takes about one hour to run. When they are done, you will get a summary display showing how many tests were run and whether there were errors or failures. If there are errors or failures, the line of code from the test program that generated the error or failure will also show. An error occurs when the test encounters an actual PHP error. A failure occurs when the test gets a result that is different than expected (when one of the assert statements in the test is not as expected).
If you use the default phpunit.xml.dist file, a file
tests/system/suite/logs/junit.xml will be created at the conclusion of the test. This file can be interpreted by Eclipse and any other program that works with JUnit unit tests. It provides a graphical way to see the test results.
Run Selected Tests
As with the unit tests, you can run selected system tests by folder or file. For example, the following command will run all of the tests in the acl folder:
phpunit suite/acl
To run a the article0001Test.php tests:
phpunit suite/articles/article0001Test.php
- Make sure you run the tests on a clean database that has been installed with sample data. If you have made database changes, you should re-install Joomla! or otherwise put the database back to it's original post-installed state.
- If you find errors or failures when you run the tests, you can run the tests against the Joomla! trunk to see if the problems are in trunk or just in your branch.
- If you maintain more than one local Joomla! project (for example, one for trunk, another for a branch), you will need to make sure to have a configdef.php file for each that has the right path and login information. You can watch the browser window while the tests are running to make sure you are testing the URL that you expect.
- If TestSuite fails with a red Error message when importing sample data (a Joomla install is the first step in TestSuite), you may need to increase the time allowed for the sample data import in the following line 57 of tests/system/suite/doInstall.php.
if ($second >= 15) $this->fail("timeout");
Eclipse Users
In Eclipse, you can set up Debug and External Tools launch configurations that make it easy to debug or run unit and system tests.
Run a Unit Test
You can create an External Tools launch configuration that lets you run any unit test simply by pointing to the test file and pressing the Run button. Here are the steps for Windows:
- Open the Run→External Tools→External Tools Configuration menu and press the button labeled "New Launch Configuration".
- Enter a descriptive name, such as "Run Selected Unit Test".
- Enter the location that points to your phpunit.bat file (for example,
- Set the Working Directory to
- Set the arguments to
c:\xampp\php\phpunit --verbose ${resource_loc}. You can leave out the "--verbose" if you prefer the more compact display.
This is shown in the screenshot below.
Here are the steps for Mac OSX using XAMPP:
- Enter a descriptive name, such as "Run Selected Unit Test".
- Enter the location that points to your phpunit executable file. For XAMPP, this will be
- Set the Working Directory to
- Set the arguments to
--verbose "${resource_loc}". You can leave out the "--verbose" if you prefer the more compact display.
This is shown in the screenshot below.
To run a unit test:
- Select a unit test, either by selecting it in the PHP Explorer view or in the edit area of Eclipse.
- Run the External Launch configuration by selecting it from the drop-down list next to the External Launch Configuration button in the toolbar (shown below).
Note that a test might normally take a 30-60 seconds to run. The output of the test will show in the Eclipse console.
Run All Tests in a Folder
You can run all of the unit tests in a folder using this same launch configuration. Just select a folder instead of a test file and all of the unit tests in that folder will run.
Setting Up For Debugging
Make Sure XDebug is Installed
As you would expect, XDebug must be installed and configured for use with Eclipse. See Setting_up_your_workstation_for_Joomla!_development#Edit_PHP.INI_File for detailed instructions.
Add PEAR Library to Workspace
Before you can debug a unit or system test, you have to add the PEAR library to your project or workspace. In this example, we will add PEAR to our workspace. That way, all projects will automatically have access to PHPUnit.
Here are the steps:
- Select Window→Preferences→PHP→PHP Libraries.
- Press the New button and add PEAR as shown below. Be sure to press the checkbox labeled "Add to environment".
- Press OK, then press the Add External folder button and browse to your PEAR folder, as shown below. In this example, the folder is in
- Press OK and the screen should show the external folder, as shown below, with the correct file path for your workstation.
After this is completed go to project preferences - > Properties -> PHP Include path -> Libraries tab -> Add library. Select User library in popup, click Next and mark Pear[enviroment] as checked.
Also make sure your project folder is added in Source tab of your project's PHP Include path.
Configure the PHP Executable
Normally, you will want to debug unit and system tests as PHP scripts (as opposed to web pages). Before you can do this, you need to configure a PHP Executable in Eclipse. This is done as follows:
- Select Window→Preferences→PHP→PHP Executables. The screen below will show.
- Press Add and complete the screen as shown below, substituting the correct file paths for your workstation.
At this point, your workstation is set up for PHPUnit debugging. Now you just have to create the debug configurations as shown in the next section.
Debug a Single Unit Test
Once you have PEAR added to your libraries, it is easy to set up a debug configuration that allows you to debug any unit test. Here are the steps:
- Press the drop-down arrow next to the Debug button and select Debug Configurations from the menu, as shown below.
- In the Debug Configurations window, make sure that PHP Script is selected and press the New Launch configuration button as shown below.
- Fill out the PHP Script tab of the Debug Configurations as shown below.
- Name: a descriptive name like "Debug Selected Unit Test"
- PHP Debugger: XDebug
- PHP Executable: The one you set up earlier (there will only be one)
- PHP File: Use the Browse button to browse to the phpunit.php file in your
- Select the PHP Script Arguments tab and enter --verbose ${selected_resource_loc} as shown below.
- The "--verbose" option allows you to see more details when the tests are run.
- The "${selected_resource_loc}" passes the currently selected file at runtime, so you can use this configuration just by selecting the desired file and then running it.
- Finally, select the Common tab and check the Debug checkbox under "Display in favorites menu", as shown below.
At this point, you are ready to debug any unit test. All you need to do is:
- Select the desired test file either in the PHP Explorer view or in the editor.
- Select Debug Configurations from the Debug drop-down button and select the "Debug Selected Unit Test" option. Once you have run this once, it will show on your Debug favorites menu.
Run a Single System Test
You can create a configuration to make it easy to run any single test in your project. To do this:
- Open the Run→External Tools→External Tools Configuration menu and press the button labeled "New Launch Configuration"
- Enter the location that points to your phpunit.bat file (for example,
c:\xampp\php\phpunit.bat). On Linux systems, this might be called "phpunit".
- Set the Working Directory to
- Set the arguments to
--bootstrap servers/configdef.php ${selected_resource_loc}.
This is shown in the screenshot below.
To use this configuration,
- Make sure the Selenium RC process is running (for example, by running the "selenium.bat" file you created when you installed Selenium RC earlier)
- Select the desired test file by clicking on it in the PHP Explorer view or in the edit area
- Start this launch configuration
The selected test file will be run and you will see the browser session open and run the test script. The test results will be reported in the Eclipse console.
Debug a Single System Test
The steps for creating a Debug Configuration for a Selenium system test are similar to those for the unit test.
- Open Debug Configurations from the drop-down menu next to the Debug Button on the toolbar, as shown below.
- In the Debug Configurations window, make sure that PHP Script is selected and press the New Launch configuration button as shown below.
- Fill out the Debug Configurations dialog box as shown below:
- Name: A descriptive name for the configuration, like "Debug Selected System Test".
- PHP Debugger: XDebug
- PHP Executable: The one you defined earlier (there probably is only one).
- PHP File: Browse to the phpunit.php file in your
- Select the PHP Script arguments and fill this out as shown below.
- --bootstrap servers/configdef.php points to the configuration file that passes the login information to Selenium.
- "${selected_resource_loc}" passes the location of the currently selected file in Eclipse to the command line.
- Finally, select the Common tab and check the Debug option in the Display in favorites menu. This will add this configuration to your favorites.
At this point, you can debug any system test. To do so:
- Make sure the Selenium RC program is running in the background.
- Select the desired test by selecting it in the PHP Explorer or in the editor.
- Run this Debug Configuration by selecting the drop-down arrow next to the Debug button, then Debug Configurations, then the "Debug Selected System Test" configuration created above.
Run the System Test Suite
To create a launch configuration to run the Test Suite of the currently-selected Eclipse project:
- Enter the location that points to your phpunit.bat file. If you are running Linux, this file might be called phpunit.
- Set the Working Directory to
- Set the arguments to
--bootstrap servers/configdef.php suite/TestSuite.php.
This is shown in the screenshot below.
The console output will show in the Eclipse console. Note that you still need to have the Selenium RC program running in the background first, before running the suite. Note that you need to select a file in the current project before running this command so the
{project_loc} variable is set correctly.