text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 13, 1984
|Filing date
|Sep 24, 1982
|Priority date
|Sep 24, 1982
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Gautam R. Ranade
|Original Assignee
|Occidental Chemical Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (5), Classifications (34), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
______________________________________% Completion of Reaction Reflux Ratio______________________________________ 0-25 2-526-50 5-751-80 7-10 81-100 10-15______________________________________
______________________________________% Completion of Reaction Temperature �C.______________________________________ 0-20 220-24021-40 225-24541-60 230-25561-80 240-260 81-100 250-300______________________________________
______________________________________% Completion of Reaction Temperature �C.______________________________________ 0-20 220-24021-40 225-24541-60 230-25561-80 240-260 81-100 250-300______________________________________
______________________________________% Completion of Reaction Temperature �C.______________________________________ 0-20 220-24021-40 225-24541-60 230-25561-80 240-260 81-100 250-300______________________________________
This invention relates to an improved process for making esters. More particularly, the invention relates to an economical and efficient process for accelerating the rate of esterification in which dicarboxylic acids or their esters and monohydroxy aromatic compounds are reacted to form esters.
Linear polyesters which are essentially the product of reaction of a bisphenol and dicarboxylic acids are important thermoplastic materials due to their excellent performance at high temperatures. It is known to produce such linear polyesters by first reacting at least one dicarboxylic acid with a monohydroxy aromatic compound to form a diaryl ester of the dicarboxylic acid, and then carry out a transesterification polymerization between the diaryl ester and a bisphenol. See, e.g., British Pat. No. 924,607 and U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,255,555 and 4,319,017. However, those references are primarily concerned with transesterification reaction for preparing the linear polyesters.
Significant commercial interest in recent years has developed in the field of phenolic esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as diphenyl isophthalate and diphenyl terephthalate, due to their use in many processes. For example, the mixtures of diphenyl isophthalate and diphenyl terephthalate can be reacted by melt polycondensation with 4,4'(1-methyl-ethylidene) bis(phenol) to produce aromatic polyesters or polyarylates. Diphenyl phthalates can also be reacted with primary amines in a solvent to make polyamides. Likewise, 3,3' diaminobenzidene may be condensed with various diphenyl esters to form polybenzimidazoles.
The prior art processes for preparing the diaryl esters suffer from a number of disadvantages. To obtain a degree of esterification in excess of 90%, which is demanded by the economics of the processes, the prior art processes require lengthy reaction times. Diaryl esters substantially free of dicarboxylic acids may also be required for the production of high quality linear polyesters. Other disadvantages include a requirement for high reaction temperatures, i.e. in the range of 280�-300� C., for prolonged periods. Such relatively high temperatures not only consume more energy than reactions conducted at lower temperatures, but they also result in a darker colored product which may be contaminated with by-products from side reactions. Other prior art processes also utilize pressures in excess of 100 psig and approaching 200 psig, which is again more costly and increases safety hazards.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,124,566 discloses a process for preparing polyesters in which the first step is the esterification of a difunctional carboxylic acid with an aromatic monohydroxy compound and an aliphatic diol and/or a dihydroxybenzene. The esterification reaction is to be performed in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon medium. This disclosure of the use of a small portion of aromatic esters as solvent for the reaction as well as the use of an azeotrope, including aromatic hydrocarbons such as ethyl benzene, affords some relief from lengthy reaction cycles and low conversion rates. However, the addition of the aromatic esters in the esterification reaction mixture reduces the volume available for the reaction and, consequently, reduces yield per batch. The addition of an azeotropic agent also dilutes the reaction mixture, and it may adversely affect the solubility of the dicarboxylic acid in the mixture. The use of an azeotropic agent such as ethyl benzene or xylene also increases the potential for fire and explosion, and the added danger of environmental health hazards to workers exposed to the atmosphere. Thus, the use of such aromatic hydrocarbons requires careful monitoring and treatment to prevent contamination of the environment. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved process for making diaryl esters of dicarboxylic acids.
Other prior art found in a search includes U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,356,712; 3,389,164; 3,413,336; 3,442,868; 3,471,549; 3,694,490; 3,833,643; and 4,271,311. None of these patents are believed to be relevant to the present invention.
It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide improved process for making diaryl esters of dicarboxylic acids.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an economical and environmentally safe process for making diaryl esters which permits relatively short reaction times and high conversion rates while operating at relatively low reaction temperatures and pressures.
These and other objects of the invention can be gathered from the following disclosure.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for the esterification of at least one dicarboxylic acid with a monohydroxy aromatic compound, in which the dicarboxylic acid is represented by the formula: ##STR1## in which X is oxygen or sulfur, Z is alkylene, --Ar-- or --Ar--Y--Ar-- where Ar is aromatic, Y is alkylene of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, haloalkylene, ##STR2## and G is alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, haloaryl, alkylaryl, haloalkylaryl, arylalkyl, haloarylalkyl, cycloalkyl and halocycloalkyl, n is 0 or 1, and R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl. The esterification reaction is carried out at a temperature between about 220� C. and about 300� C., preferably in the presence of a catalyst, while continuously removing a by-product of the esterification reaction comprising water and/or lower alkyl alcohol(s). Surprisingly, the applicant has found that the esterification reaction can be conducted at a relatively lower temperatures and yet achieve high conversion rates over short reaction times by the use of reaction temperature which is increased during the course of the esterification reaction according to a predetermined pattern. Generally, the reaction temperature should be increased as a function of the degree of esterification. The preferred functional relationship between reaction temperature and the degree of esterification or percent completion of esterification is given in a table below. In this way, the degree of esterification or completion of reaction is maximized, the reaction pressure reduced, and the resultant ester product's exposure to high temperature also reduced.
In the drawing, a simple reactor system for carrying out the esterification reaction in accordance with the present invention is shown. A stirred reactor vessel 1 equipped with a distillation means 3 and condenser means 5 is operated with a reflux splitter 7, which is controlled by a reflux ratio controller 9. In operation, a charge of the reactants made of a mixture of the dicarboxylic acid(s) and the monohydroxy aromatic compound is charged into the reaction vessel 1 through inlet means (not shown). Advantageously, a catalyst is also charged into the reaction vessel 1 to assist the esterification reaction. The reaction vessel 1 is equipped with a heating means and a temperature sensing means (both not shown). The heating means may be controlled in conjunction with the temperature sensing means to maintain the mixture within reaction vessel 1 at the predetermined temperature. As the esterification reaction proceeds, water and/or alcoholic by-products are produced in reaction vessel 1 and are vaporized at the reaction temperature and passed to the distillation means 9 through connecting means schematically represented by line 11. The return from distillation means to reaction vessel 1 is schematically represented by line 13. Distillation means 3 may be any of the known distillation devices, for example, bubble cap tray columns or packed towers. The overhead 15 from distillation means 9 is conducted to condenser means 5 and cooled there by a cooling medium such as water into a liquid condensate stream 17. Condensate 17 is split into two streams by a reflux splitter 7, which is controlled by the reflux ratio controller 9. The condensate stream 17 is split into a liquid return stream 19 and a distillate stream 21. The distillate stream 21 is passed to a distillate tank 23 for storage. The liquid return stream 19 is passed back to the top of the distillation means 9. Using the letter L to denote the moles of liquid return stream 19 and D to represent the moles of distillate stream 21, the Reflux Ratio is defined as the fraction L/D. The diaryl esters produced, together with unreacted reactants, are withdrawn from the reaction vessel 1 through line 25.
As indicated above, the present invention provides an improved process for preparing diaryl esters, which are useful in the preparation of linear polyesters, by the reaction of at least one dicarboxylic acid or its ester with a monohydroxy aromatic compound. The dicarboxylic acids which are useful in the process of the invention are known and they can be represented by the formula: ##STR3## in which X is oxygen or sulfur, Z is alkylene, --Ar-- or --Ar--Y--Ar-- where Ar is aromatic, Y is alkylene of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, haloalkylene, ##STR4## and G is alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, haloaryl, alkylaryl, haloalkylaryl, arylalkyl, haloarylalkyl, cycloalkyl and halocycloalkyl, n is 0 or 1, and R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl. Examples of aromatic and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,602, and include: aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, bis(4-carboxyl)-diphenyl, bis(4-carboxyphenyl)ether, bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-sulfone, bis(4-carboxyphenyl-carbonyl, bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-methane, bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-dichloromethane, 1,2- and 1,1-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-ethane, 1,2- and 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-propane, 1,2- and 2,2-bis(3-carboxyphenyl)-propane, 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,1-dimethyl propane, 1,1- and 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-butane, 1,1- and 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl-pentane, 3,3-bis-(4-carboxyphenyl)-heptane, 3,3-bis(3-carboxyphenyl)-heptane; and aliphatic acids such as oxalic acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, azelaic, suberic acid and the like. Isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid are the preferred dicarboxylic acids for use in the process of the present invention, due to their easy availability and low cost. More preferably, the dicarboxylic acid employed in the esterification reaction comprises a mixture of about 60 to about 100 mole percent isophthalic acid and about 40 to about 0 mole percent terephthalic acid. Most preferably, the dicarboxylic acid component is made of a mixture of about 75 to about 85 mole percent isophthalic acid and about 25 to about 15 mole percent terephthalic acid.
The monohydroxy aromatic compounds for use in the process in the present invention is also known. Generally, they may be of the benzene or naphthalene series containing 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of such monohydroxy aromatic compounds include phenol, o-, m-, or p-cresol, xylenol, a halophenol such as p-chlorophenol, 3,5-dibromophenol, a nitrophenol such as o-, m- or p-nitrophenol, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 1-hydroxy-4-methyl naphthlene, and the like.
The dicarboxylic acid useful in the reaction of the present process include both aliphatic and aromatic acids as well as their respective esters. The rate of conversion may be enhanced when using mixtures of the acids or esters by increasing the proportions of the more soluble acid or ester in monohydroxy aromatic compounds over the less soluble acid or ester. In determining the exact proportion of acids to be used, consideration should be given to the properties of the esters produced and the effect they may have on the linear polyesters produced therefrom. When using mixtures of isophthalic and terephthalic acids, normally the isophthalic acid content will be increased up to the point where no significant change in polymer properties or processing characteristics are observed.
A molar excess of monohydroxy aromatic compound is preferably used in the reaction with the dicarboxylic acid to facilitate the completion of the esterification reaction. Although a molar ratio of the monohydroxy aromatic compound to the dicarboxylic acid of about 2:1 may be used, it is preferred that such molar ratio be from about 3:1 to about 10:1. More preferably, such molar ratio employed should be from about 4:1 to about 8:1.
The temperature to be employed in esterification process of the invention may be varied, and it depends on the reactants employed. Generally, temperatures should be between about 220� to 300� C. As indicated above, the present invention provides that the reaction temperature should be gradually increased during the course of the esterification reaction. This will be more fully described below. The pressure employed in the present process is determined by the temperature, the particular reactants employed, and other operating conditions. Generally, the pressure in the reaction vessel is substantially below 100 psig. Due to the relative molecular weights of water and the monohydroxy aromatic compound and their vapor pressures, a small amount of water in the reactants may cause the initial pressure in the reactor to be somewhat higher than indicated herein.
As indicated above, a catalyst is preferably used in the esterification reaction. These catalysts are known in the art. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,124,566. Examples of the catalysts are elemental metals such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, barium, tin, strontium, zinc, iron, aluminum, cobalt, lead, nickel, titanium, magnesium, antimony or arsenic, and compounds of these metals such as their oxides, hydrides, hydroxides, halides, inorganic acid salts, organic acid salts, complex salts, double salts, alcoholates, or phenolates. Of these, titanium compounds such as titanium tetrabutoxide, titanium oxalate or titanium oxide, tin compounds such as dibutyltin oxide, antimony compounds such as antimony trioxide, and lead compounds such as lead oxide are preferred. I have found that organic titanium compounds, such as certain aliphatic esters of ortho titanic acid, are especially effective catalysts. Examples of aliphatic esters of ortho titanic acids include tetrabutyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate or tetraoctylene glycol titanate. Some of these organic titanium catalysts are available from the duPont Company under its trademark Tyzor. The amount of the catalyst to be used is also known in the art, and it is usually between about 0.001 to about 5 mole percent based on the amount of the dicarboxylic acid employed.
In the process of the present invention, the temperature of the reaction mixture is initially brought up to the reaction level, generally about 220�-230� C. Thereafter, the reaction temperature is gradually increased until the esterification reaction is substantially complete, when the temperature will be about 290� C. or slightly below. The degree of esterification or the completeness of the reaction will generally be substantially above 90%. In most instances, the percent completion of reaction will be 95% or above.
As indicated above, the temperature of the reaction mixture should be quickly brought up to the reaction level, i.e. about 220�-230� C., and then gradually increased as the reaction proceeds towards completion. I have found that the following temperature profile to be optimum in the practice of the process according to the invention:
______________________________________% Completion of Reaction Temperature �C.______________________________________ 0-20 220-24021-40 225-24541-60 230-25561-80 240-260 81-100 250-300______________________________________
As will be seen from the examples given below, the controlled increase of the reaction temperature in accordance with the present invention results in high conversion rates, low reaction pressures, and reduced exposure of the ester product to the relatively higher temperatures necessary when the reaction approaches completion. The advantages of conducting the reaction at relatively lower pressures are known to those skilled in the art. The lower pressures permit the use of less expensive reaction devices, make the separation of by-products easier, and poses less danger to operating personnel. The reduced exposure of the ester product to the relatively high temperatures necessary towards the end of the reaction protects the ester product from degradation and dark coloring. The reduced exposure to high temperatures also minimizes undesirable side reactions and by-products. The reduced reaction temperature necessary during much of the reaction time is also energy efficient.
The process of the present invention may be practiced in conjunction with the process of making diaryl esters of dicarboxylic acids, disclosed in my co-pending application, concurrently filed herewith. In said co-pending application, it is disclosed that the esterification reaction may be optimized by removing water and other by-products of the reaction according to a predetermined pattern. This is done, according to the disclosure of said co-pending application, by varying the reflux ratio in the distillation means according to the following profile:
______________________________________% Completion of Reaction Reflux Ratio______________________________________ 0-25 1-526-50 3-1051-80 5-15 81-100 7-20______________________________________
Most preferably, the reflux ratio is varied according to the following profile:
______________________________________% Completion of Reaction Reflux Ratio______________________________________ 0-25 2-526-50 5-751-80 7-10 81-100 10-15______________________________________
The process according to the invention may be carried out, in its simplest form, in a batch-wise manner as illustrated in the drawing, or it may be carried out in a more or less continuous manner, by having a plurality of reactors operating in stages. The reaction also may be carried out in a modified batch manner, such as by intermittantly adding the monohydroxy aromatic compound to the reactor in the earlier part of the reaction period.
The invention will now be further illustrated by the following Examples.
The reaction apparatus consisted of a 50 gallon jacketed pressure reactor having an agitator-baffle assembly. The reactor was electrically heated, and it had a temperature control device. The reactor was equipped with a packed distillation column, a shell and tube condenser, a reflux splitter and a reflux ratio controller combination.
The reactor was charged with 54.6 parts by weight of isophthalic acid, 18.2 parts by weight of terephthalic acid, and 210 parts by weight of phenol. Two mole percent (based on total acid charge) of antimony oxide catalyst was also charged to the reactor. The reaction system was closed and heated to a temperature of about 230� C., from which point the reaction time was counted. The temperature in the reactor system was gradually increased to 288� C. according to the profile shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1______________________________________ Degree ofTime (hrs.) Temperature �C. Pressure, psig Esterification, %______________________________________0 230 46 --2 250 46 70.74 252 43 80.96 265 43 94.48 288 45 96.4______________________________________
A reflux ratio of 20:1 was used throughout the entire reaction period. The average rate of distillate collection was about 12 parts by weight per hour. The pressure in the reactor system reached a maximum of about 54 psig after approximately 1.5 hours of reaction. Samples were obtained from the reactor at regular intervals and were analyzed for acid number (AN) and phenol content. The acid number (AN) is defined as the amount in milligrams of potassium hydroxide needed to completely neutralize one gram of the sample by titration method. The corrected acid number (ANc) was calculated by using the following equation: ##EQU1## in which Wp represents the weight fraction of phenol in the sample. The degree of esterification (DE) was calculated by using: ##EQU2## in which ##EQU3## and Ma and Me represent the molecular weights of the acid and of the ester, respectively.
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the time-temperature profile was changed to that shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2______________________________________ Degree ofTime (hrs.) Temperature �C. Pressure, psig Esterification, %______________________________________0 230 41 --2 283 112 73.64 287 74 80.36 288 56 938 288 21 96.5______________________________________
The pressure in the reactor reached a maximum of 120 psig after approximately 45 minutes of reaction. Although approximately the same degree of esterification was achieved using this temperature profile, as compared to that of Example 1, the maximum pressure in the reactor system was much higher in this example--almost twice the pressure of Example 1. Aside from the fact that the higher pressure required the use of apparatus that will be able to withstand the pressure, it is well known that separation processes such as distillation are more difficult to accomplish at higher pressures rather than lower pressures. In addition, it can be seen that the ester product was exposed to the relatively higher temperatures of more than 280� C. for a much longer period of time under the present example as compared to the conditions in Example 1. The higher temperatures tend to cause the ester products to turn to darker color, which is undesirable. Also undesirable by-products tend to be formed thereby.
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, and the reactor was charged with 37.5 parts by weight of isophthalic acid, 12.5 parts by weight of terephthalic acid, and 170 parts by weight of phenol. Two mole percent of antimony oxide catalyst, based on the total acid charge, was added to the reactor. The reactor system was then closed and heated until 230� C. was reached. The temperature in the reactor was then increased according to the following profile:
TABLE 3______________________________________ Degree ofTime (hrs.) Temperature �C. Pressure, psig. Esterification, %______________________________________0 230 32 --1 241 47 --2 246 46 753 260 55 874 270 58 935 278 49 966 287 48 98______________________________________
The maximum pressure in the reactor was 58 psig, reached after four hours of reaction. It may be noted that the final degree of esterification, or the completeness of the reaction, was somewhat better than those obtained in Examples 1 and 2 even though the reaction time was only six hours as compared to the eight hours for the other two examples.
The present application is being concurrently filed with applicant's co-pending application Ser. No. 422,792 and Ser. No. 422,793, both for Process of Manufacturing Diaryl Esters of Dicarboxylic Acids, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The invention has been described with reference to particular and preferred embodiments thereof. It is to be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 12, 1963
|Dec 5, 1967
|Chemische Werke Witten Gmbh
|Process for the preparation of aryl esters of carbocyclic aromatic carboxylic acids
|Jul 31, 1964
|Jun 18, 1968
|Chemische Werke Witten Gmbh
|Process for the preparation of aryl esters of carbocyclic carboxylic acids
|Jul 31, 1964
|Nov 26, 1968
|Chemische Werke Witten Gmbh
|Process for the preparation of aryl esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids
|Aug 5, 1964
|Oct 7, 1969
|Chemische Werke Witten Gmbh
|Process for the preparation of pure aryl esters of di- and polycarboxylic acids
|Jun 24, 1971
|Nov 13, 1973
|Eastman Kodak Co
|Process for the synthesis of phenyl esters
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 10, 1984
|Oct 28, 1986
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Monomeric plasticizers for halogen-containing resins
|Dec 30, 1986
|Apr 12, 1988
|General Electric Company
|Process for the production of substantially monoester-free diaryl esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids
|Dec 11, 1997
|Sep 22, 1998
|Ube Industries, Ltd.
|Process for producing a diaryl carnonate
|Dec 12, 1996
|Jan 25, 2000
|Ube Industries, Ltd.
|Process for producing a diaryl oxalate
|Sep 27, 2013
|Jan 30, 2014
|James T. Tanner
|Novel bis(aryloxyalkyl) esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids and method of preparation
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 24, 1982
Owner name: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATIO, NIAGARA FALLS, N.Y
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:RANADE, GAUTAM R.;REEL/FRAME:004051/0181
Effective date: 19820923
|Oct 10, 1986
Owner name: CELANESE CORPORATION, 1211 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS,
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004625/0378
Effective date: 19851121
|Jan 4, 1987
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jan 6, 1991
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Jun 18, 1996
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Nov 10, 1996
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jan 21, 1997
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19961113


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Oil, Gas & Mining
Syria's production of oil and gas continued its decline in the first quarter of this year, according to the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources.
Fighter jets from the U.S.-led coalition have targeted again the DEZGAS plant near Deir-ez-Zor, a local media has reported.
Afek Oil, an Israel oil company exploring for oil in the occupied Golan Heights said that it had received a one-year extension to its exploration permit.
ISIS revenues are on the decline, according to several international experts.
A bribery scandal involving a global oil company has revealed ties to Syrian businesses and executives.
The takeover of Palmyra by Syrian Government forces is likely to improve the latter's access to gas and phosphate resources.
Ayman Asfari, one of Syria's wealthiest individuals, has reportedly bought a significant stake in a company with significant oil assets in Syria and which includes among its other shareholders one of the regime's most powerful business tycoons.
The Minister of Petroleum inaugurated last week the beginning of production at a new gas well near the town of Sadad, south of Homs.
Syria has reportedly signed a preliminary agreement with Russian and Lebanese traders to use the spare capacity at its two crude oil refineries in Homs and Banias.
Iran's delivery of crude oil to Syria has helped stabilise the supply of oil products to the market, whiles strikes by the U.S.-led coalition have increased the losses of the country's oil industry, the Minister of Petroleum has said.
For the second time in the space of a month, the Syrian Government has reduced the price of fuel oil.
Syria's Minister of Oil has denied that the oil pipeline linking the Hassakeh oil fields to the Homs refinery was in use.
The Syrian Government has reduced the price of fuel oil sold to manufacturers as global oil prices decline.
The Syrian Government has updated its estimate for the losses of the Syrian oil sector which seems to factor in the damage from the latest attacks by the international coalition.
Airstrikes on oil and gas fields in eastern Syria by the U.S.-led coalition appear to have already led to a rise in power cuts in Damascus and other Syrian cities.
MEDHealth 2015
Dama Rose Hotel
The Green Economy
Damascus Chamber of Commerce

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Coke To Add 120 Hybrid-Electric Trucks In 2008
Coca-Cola Enterprises has added five hybrid-electric trucks to their distribution center in the Bronx. The Bronx sales center has 90 trucks servicing customers in Manhattan and the Bronx.
Over the next year, an additional 120 side load hybrid-electric trucks will join the CCE fleet across the country, according to CCE. According to its latest corporate responsibility report, the company's total delivery fleet consists of 21,000 vehicles.
The International 4300 truck, with Eaton Hybrid Technology, meets New York City weight restrictions for use in town and on bridges. A motor/generator, working with the transmission and a 340-volt battery, allows the truck to source electrical power instead of gas when traveling at speeds below 30 MPH, eliminating emissions in slow traffic.
The move fits a larger trend of delivery companies beginning to switch to hybrids, The Christian Science Monitor reports.
UPS recently expanded its fleet of alternative-fuel vehicles with the deployment of 50 hybrid-electric delivery trucks. It has also placed an order for 167 Compressed Natural Gas delivery trucks and taken delivery of 139 new propane delivery trucks in North America.
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text:
Junior Josh Vander Plaats turned in a career performance and Blackhawks thrashed the Jays 76-40 in War Eagle Conference play at Hinton.
"Going against a quality team - and we definitely consider Gehlen a quality team - this was probably one of our better performances," Skamser said. "We've put up some numbers before, but getting in on the defensive and offensive end made it one of our best games since I've been here."
"I think Josh recognized early that height-wise he had a mismatch. He took advantage of that," Skamser said. "But more than anything, he just played inspired. He's shown flashes of playing well throughout his sophomore season and this year as well, but this is probably his bust-out performance."
Vander Plaats' outburst led to a 24-14 lead for Hinton after the first quarter.
"I went and watched Hinton play R-U and Vander Plaats didn't do anything," Gehlen coach Mike Langel said. "He lit it up against us though."
Gehlen didn't lose ground in the second - entering halftime down 35-24 - but couldn't gain any either, struggling from the field all night long.
The Jays shot 16-for-59 from the field and things snowballed from there, Langel said.
"Everything kid of goes with that. When you aren't making your shots, the defense goes south a little bit," Langel said. "The kids get discouraged and everything else suffers. That led to what it led to."
What it led to was Gehlen's worst loss of the season as Hinton pulled away in the third quarter to take a 54-30 lead into the final frame.
Outside of Vander Plaats, Hinton got 11 points apiece from Cory Westphal and Nate Freed. Freed also had 10 assists, while Dylan Ohl and Austin Arndt pulled down 7 rebounds each to help Hinton to a 42-30 advantage on the glass.
"Some nights we really show up and do that and some nights we've shown we can get outrebounded," Skamser said of the effort on the glass. "Going into Remsen-Union, we talked about it and we had pretty good numbers there. It just sort of carried over."
Hinton heads into the winter break at 7-1 overall and 4-0 in the WEC with the win. But the Blackhawks have had similar records in previous years. Skamser said the goal is to keep moving forward, rather than stalling out as in seasons past.
"We've sort of been here before," Skamser said. "We typically play good before Christmas, but we have a tough part of our schedule coming up here in January. We're hoping we can maybe take it a little bit further than we have in the past. This game (with Gehlen) showed us what type of team we can be."
Eric Rohe led Gehlen in the loss with 13 points and 8 rebounds, while Chris Gabriel added 10 points and 6 boards. The Jays (4-4, 1-2) also have a tough schedule ahead, returning to play Friday, Jan. 4 at Remsen St. Mary's before facing Spalding Catholic in the opening round of the CYO Saturday at St. Mary's.
For a successful run out of the break, the Jays must improve their shooting, Langel said.
"All I told the kids was, 'It's just one of those games. We have to get better at shooting the ball,'" Langel said. "We didn't shoot the ball with confidence at all. We were scared to miss. We can't play like that."


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Safeway Misses Analyst Estimate As Earnings Tumble
Thursday April 24th, 2014 - 12:21PM
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For the first quarter, Safeway, Inc. posted a net loss from continuing operations of $83.1 million, or 36 cents per diluted share, versus net income from continuing operations of $59.7 million, or 25 cents per diluted share, for the first quarter of 2014. Excluding unusual items in the 2014 and 2013 first quarters, income from continuing operations, net of tax, was $12.8 million, or six cents per diluted share, versus to $37.5 million, or 16 cents per diluted share, in last year's first quarter.
Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters expected, on average, for Safeway to post 18 cents per diluted share in adjusted income from continuing operations for the quarter.
Safeway identical-store sales, excluding fuel, increase by 1.8% with a 1% increase in price per item and a 0.8% increase in volume. Sales and other revenue gained 1% to $8.3 billion versus the first quarter of 2013
The unadjusted negative bottom-line result in the first quarter included a loss on foreign currency translation of $93.4 million after tax benefits and merger-related expenses of $2.5 million after tax benefits. Before adjustment, the first quarter of 2013 benefited from a $17.2 million reduction on corporate-owned life insurance income tax expense and a $5 million reduction of tax expense due to the resolution of federal income tax matters.
On March 6, 2014, Safeway and Albertsons LLC announced a definitive merger agreement that set out terms for AB Acquisition LLC to acquire all outstanding shares of Safeway.
"We are working diligently to close the merger with Albertsons by the fourth quarter," said Robert Edwards, Safeway president and CEO. "While sales met plan in the first quarter, income was slightly below plan, in part as a result of inflation in produce, meat and pharmacy that was not fully passed along for competitive reasons. In the second quarter of 2014, identical-stores sales are currently running well above 2%, and we expect to pass along most of the inflation we are experiencing. In addition, the direct and indirect cost initiatives we are implementing are expected to improve profitability in the second half of 2014. We continue to drive sales momentum through our center of store remodels, as well as merchandising premium, Hispanic and Asian products to meet local demographic needs. In addition, our sales of organic and natural products continue to grow at a rapid pace, with our private label brands O Organics and Open Nature growing approximately two times faster than the rest of the market."
Tags: safeway • albertsons • edwards • sales • loss • earnings • income • merger • acquisition • supermarket • thomson reuters • Housewares • Retail • Financials •
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The housewares business thrives as a business that creates simple solutions to everyday problems. And the business is reminded from time to time it is well-positioned to provide the ointment for problems that reach uncomfortable levels beyond your ordinary dirty floors, wrinkled clothes, cluttered closets or stuck-on eggs. Someone's bad fortune can be good for business.


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Another Guacamole Recipe for Cinco de Mayo
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- Cape student sues, accuses school officials of slamming her to ground multiple times (04/28/16)47
- Neelys Landing man shot, killed by highway patrol trooper after traffic stop (05/01/16)43
- Bob Evans restaurant in Cape Girardeau among chain's 21 closings (04/26/16)9
- Missouri House votes to allow concealed weapons without permits (04/28/16)8
- Police report filed, but no charges in incident at Cape Central (04/29/16)40
- 2016 All-Missourian Boys Basketball (04/29/16)
- Statement: Man says cops� good work drove him to grow his own marijuana (05/01/16)1
- Two hurt in motorcycle wreck on Interstate 55 (04/25/16)1
- Senator introduces bill for I-57 that would connect Sikeston with Little Rock (04/28/16)4
- River Ridge Winery changes hands (05/02/16)
James McDonald
James E. McDonald, 76, of Cape Girardeau died Thursday, July 8, 2004, at Southeast Missouri Hospital.
He was born April 16, 1928, at Steele, Mo., son of James E. and Virgie Mansfield McDonald. He and Betty Jo Greene were married June 1, 1980, in Cape Girardeau.
McDonald was a 1951 graduate of Southeast Missouri State University. He moved to St. Louis in 1956 and back to Cape Girardeau in 1968.
He was the first Department of Labor representative for Congressional District 10 for 25 years. He held various business interests, including owner/operator of Maco Motors Inc. He was a member of Church of Christ in Cape Girardeau. He had been a member of the Rotary Club and American Legion.
McDonald served in the U.S. Navy.
Survivors include his wife; a son, James McDonald IV of Cape Girardeau; two daughters, Kathy Heise of Jackson, Brenda Schloss of Cape Girardeau; a stepdaughter, Wendy Cates of Makanda, Ill.; two sisters, Opal Bailey of Steele, Marie Reed of Norfolk, Va.; nine grandchildren; and a great-grandchild.
He was preceded in death by his parents, three brothers and seven sisters.
Friends may call at Ford and Sons Mount Auburn Funeral Home from 4 to 8 p.m. Sunday.
The funeral will be at 10 a.m. Monday at the funeral home, with the Rev. Steve Palmer officiating. Burial will be in Lorimier Cemetery.


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Homeless people wanting to access restrooms inside the Manteca Library when the outside lobby doors are locked are forcing the city to upgrade the double glass lobby doors.
Manteca Garden Club members go into hibernation in the summertime.
Bad debt write-offs for non-payment of municipal utilities have dropped for the first time after growing for four years.
Memories of yesterdays at the Manteca softball park with its action-packed games three nights a week are being sought by muralist David Gordon.
If your dog is licensed and you have it on a leash walking around town but without the city issued identification tag Manteca's animal services officers can impound it.
Being a judge at county and state fairs' flower and plant shows did not come on a silver platter for Judy Picinini of Ripon.
100 years ago
Sixty years ago, on June 16, 1951, the inaugural games of the 1951 City Softball League season got under way here with both the YMI and the City Cash Market teams winning their games by identical scores. The YMI blasted the American Legion 15-1 and the City Cash Market measured the Lathrop team by the same score. In the first game, Pete Huarte handcuffed the Legion, allowing only three safeties, while this teammates, led by Jess Payan, blasted the Legion pitcher, Roy Platt, from the box in the fifth inning. Payan garnered three singles in four trips to the plate ...
Manteca is spending $3.4 million to buy 417 acres deep in the rural farm country to the south of the city.
Judy Picinini peered closely at the delicate cosmos flower in a small glass vase.
Manteca enjoyed a second straight month of a full percentage point drop in unemployment in May as the jobless rate has now fallen from 16.1 percent in March to 14.1 percent in April.
LATHROP – It doesn't take Frankie Cebreros more than a second to tell you what he wants to do with his life.
LATHROP Lathrop High School junior Toree Iniguez brought her passion for law enforcement back to the Junior Police Academy for the second year as a volunteer to help teach the two-week-long series of classes to 21 students in the sixth through the eighth grade.
The MRPS Hall is conducting a drive thru tri-tip dinner on Thursday, July 7, at Fagundes Meats & Catering at 142 Jason Street from 5 to 7 p.m.
At a median gross rent of $988 a month San Joaquin is the most expensive county to rent housing in the entire Central Valley.
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Three major community egg hunts and festivities are planned for Saturday.
Lou Gehrig Disease (ALS) is the focus of a fundraising drive thru dinner set for May 18 at Las Casuelas Mexican Restaurant in Manteca.
School boards should not be composed of Santa Claus wannabees.
Homes built starting next year in River Islands at Lathrop could slash their city water use 40 percent and maintain lush grass and landscaping even ...
California's ongoing drought is affecting a lot more than just food prices.
When stories and scriptures from the Bible are vividly acted out through illustrated sermons, it's as if a spotlight is thrown onto the flawless ...
A 36-year-old Manteca man ended up jailed on assault with a deadly weapon charge after he allegedly used his car to attack two individuals trying ...
Residents of Lathrop used slightly more water in February than they did in January.
The first new crossing of the San Joaquin River in the Northern San Joaquin Valley since Interstate 5 was built in the 1960s could be ...
George Terry was wearing his Vietnam veterans' baseball cap while delivering meals for Manteca Unified Nutritional Services at Nile Garden School when a staff member ...
Oakdale Police officer Sammy Gallego has been recognized by that city's elected leaders for helping save the life of a 10-year-old boy.
Mo'ne Davis - the first girl pitcher ever to win a game and throw a no hitter in the Little League World Series - will visit ...
The North Pointe Specific Plan was adopted by the Ripon City Council last summer.
The hottest tickets in Manteca for April - a seat at the Not Forgotten Evening of Honor dinner with guest speaker Mark "Oz" Geist who was ...
The Manteca Mural Society is inviting all veterans to gather Thursday, March 24, from 10 a.m. until noon at the American Legion Hall, 220 ...
Page 12 of 17
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New on the Market – St. John Real Estate
The following properties have been on the market for 7 days or less.
3 matches found
Property Type: Residential
# of Bedrooms: 7
# of Bathrooms: 7
Square Footage: 7500
Year Built: 1995
Area: Cruz Bay
Subdivision: Chocolate Hole
Description: Tennis Villa & Tennis Cottage-7 bdrms/7 baths in 2 homes set on a spectacul...
Property Type: Residential
# of Bedrooms: 3
# of Bathrooms: 3.5
Square Footage: 6639
Year Built: 1992
Area: Coral Bay
Subdivision: Upper Carolina
Description: Villa Luminaria boasts one of the best locations on St.John with spectacula...
Property Type: Commercial
Square Footage: 150
Year Built: 1990
Area: Coral Bay
Subdivision: None
Description: Well established Boutique with eclectic selection of art, jewelry, clothing...
Information displayed on this website for listings other than those of the website owner is displayed with permission of the ST. JOHN BOARD OF REALTORS Multiple Listing Service (MLS). Real estate Listings held by brokerage firms other than the owner of this site are marked with the Broker Reciprocity logo. This website may not display the entire ST. JOHN BOARD OF REALTORS MLS active database, as some MLS participants may not have given permission for their listings to be displayed. Information is from sources deemed reliable but is not guaranteed. Prospective buyers should verify information independently. The materials contained within this page may not be reproduced without the express consent of the owner of this site.


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'Tis the season to take a good long look in the mirror (just not first thing in the morning on Jan. 1), to see if there is any room for improvement.
If the mirror doesn't reveal any needs, just ask friends and family, they're sure to have more than one suggestion.
A recent office poll reveals that one staff member has resolved to be "nicer," another has promised to do one nice thing just for herself, and several are engaging in weight reduction programs.
And, if her New Year's resolution is successful, my niece in Iowa will give up smoking.
Not everyone's New Year's resolution is health related, at least not related to good health. For those for whom life is taking a bit too long, perhaps they have resolved to increase their intake of calories from fat.
The tradition of making a New Year's Resolution may go back as far as the Babylonians, but their new year probably began in the springtime. Jan. 1 marked the beginning of the New Year in accordance with the Julian calendar, established by Julius Caesar in 46 BC. According to some historians, the year prior was purposely elongated to 445 days in order to synchronize the calendar with the sun. (The Gregorian calendar, introduced in 1582, and still in use today, kept Jan. 1, as the first day of the new year.)
According to an article on Wikipedia, recent research shows that while 52 percent of participants in a resolution study were confident of success with their goals, only 12 percent actually achieved them.
I've never been one to set a New Year's resolution and I resolve not to start this year. Oh, it's not that I've got all of my ducks in a row and trained to stay there or that I don't have a bad habit (or 12) to overcome, I'm just not wired for resolutions. Whether on Jan. 1 or June 30, if I resolve to change something within myself, I immediately begin to obsess about whatever needs changing and my mental gymnast warms up. She is very talented, much more talented than her physical counterpart, and soon I am completely exhausted (curiously, both physically and mentally) and I give up giving up my bad habit.
That being said, I have set some goals. It has long been on my heart to dive into the Sermon on the Mount with the aim to make my heart a parchment where my Lord can inscribe his Word. That desire was underscored by the recent reading of Ronnie McBrayer's latest book, "The Jesus Tribe."
As the political season continues to heat up; as the world powers continue to broker, bluster and rattle their sabers; as inflation rises and the dollar loses more buying power; as the struggle to keep body and soul together continues to increase, it is of paramount importance to remember and practice Jesus' teachings.
Jesus had little to say about the Roman Empire and would likely have as little to say about the United States today or any other empire throughout history. He proclaimed a present and coming kingdom where those who would follow him would find a place.
And as McBrayer so eloquently put it, "...we must do business with this man Jesus and realize that either (1) Jesus did not mean what he said, (2) he did not say what he meant, or (3) he actually said what he meant and meant what he said."
Jesus promises that the merciful will receive mercy. I must, therefore, be merciful at all times, for I am in need of his generous mercies. (Matthew 5:7)
Jesus warns that our forgiveness is contingent upon our willingness to forgive others. I must, therefore, cultivate a forgiving heart, lest my many sins follow me through death's door and on to judgment. (Matthew 6:14, 15)
Jesus counsels us not to judge or we too will be judged, in the same way we have judged others in Matthew 7:1 and 2. Having been on the receiving end of unjust judgment and having held the rod of judgment myself against others, I dare not subject myself to the same measure I once used. As David said to Gad in 2 Samuel 24:14 "Let us fall into the hands of the LORD, for his mercy is great; but do not let me fall into the hands of men."
Over the next several weeks, it is my intent to write out the Sermon on the Mount, a piece at a time, letting the words flow from my eyes to my mind, through my heart and then out onto the page before me. Will it change that heart? Will it transform my character, making me more like the One I follow? Only time will tell.
It is admittedly, an unusual pursuit. According to David Kinnaman, president of the Barna Group, speaking about a survey conducted by that group, "Only 9 out of 1,000 survey respondents -- that's not quite one percent -- mentioned that one of their objectives for the next year was getting closer to God in some way. Even in the rare instance when people mention spiritual goals, it is often about activity undertaken for God, rather than a personal pursuit of God or an experience with God."
The most beautiful promise of the beatitudes "Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see God," (Matthew 5:8) is indeed an impossible dream, unless I allow the Lord to purify this heart of mine and write his words on it. (Jeremiah 31:33)
"Therefore everyone who hears these words of mine and puts them into practice is like a wise man who built his house on the rock. The rain came down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against that house; yet it did not fall, because it had its foundation on the rock." Matthew 7:24, 25
I don't have all the answers, but I know the One who does. Let's walk together for awhile and discover Him; together.


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Scunthorpe remain on the brink of League Two promotion after beating Oxford United 1-0, while York City are closing in on a play-off place.
Leaders Scunthorpe went into Monday's fixture needing to win and both Fleetwood Town and Burton Albion to drop points in their respective matches to secure automatic promotion, but although Burton drew at Newport County, Fleetwood beat Wycombe Wanderers.
Scunthorpe did take another giant stride towards a return to League One though, as Matthew Sparrow scored the only goal 15 minutes in to secure all three points as the home side extended their stunning unbeaten run to 28 league matches.
That victory simultaneously did York a huge favour as they battle with Oxford for a play-off place.
Nigel Worthington's side scraped a narrow 1-0 home victory against Bury, with the all-important goal coming after just five minutes from Keith Lowe.
Daniel Nardiello made Bury's task even tougher with nine minutes to go as he was shown a second yellow card and York – who are now unbeaten in 15 games – held on to go five points clear of Oxford with just two games remaining.
Fifth-placed Southend United have all-but clinched a play-off spot after they edged out Accrington Stanley 1-0 courtesy of Barry Corr's strike, with Phil Brown's men now having a six-point lead over Oxford and a better goal difference.
Fleetwood kept their automatic promotion hopes alive with a narrow 1-0 win over relegation-threatened Wycombe Wanderers, but they did so against the odds following Alan Goodall's 13th-minute red card.
Burton's chances of going up without featuring in the play-offs are almost certainly over following their 1-1 draw at Newport County and they now sit six points behind third-placed Rochdale and Chesterfield in second - with both of those sides having a higher goal difference.
Chesterfield kept the pressure on Scunthorpe in the title race as they defeated hosts Dagenham and Redbridge 1-0, while Rochdale ended a four-game winless run to stay level with the Derbyshire side on 78 points by beating Bristol Rovers 2-1 on the road,
Rovers are perilously close to the drop zone going into the final two games of the season, as they only remain above second-bottom Northampton Town on goal difference after Chris Wilder's side lost 1-0 at home to Portsmouth.
Torquay United live to fight another day after securing a precious 2-1 derby win at Exeter City, but they still look destined to drop out of the Football League as they are five points adrift of Northampton, Rovers and Wycombe.
Exeter are also in danger of going down, as are Morecambe after losing 2-1 at Hartlepool United, who are now five points clear of the drop zone and look set to stay up.
Plymouth Argyle lost 2-1 at home to AFC Wimbledon in a mid-table clash, while Cheltenham Town beat Mansfield Town 2-0 in another meeting between two sides who have only pride to play for.
|S. Slocombe
|M. Williams
|E. Nolan
|D. Mirfin
|N. Canavan
|M. Sparrow
|M. Collins
|D. Syers
|T. Hawkridge
|P. Madden
|S. Winnall
|Coach: R. Wilcox
|R. Clarke
|T. Newey
|M. Raynes
|J. Wright
|N. Wroe
|D. Hunt
|J. Ruffles
|C. O'Dowda
|D. Kitson
|D. Connolly
|A. Potter
|Coach: G. Waddock
for D. Connolly 46'
for C. O'Dowda 60'
for J. Ruffles 70'
|We will leave our soul in the final - Ramos
|Hart left broken by ´very lucky´ Madrid goal
|Zidane hails victorious Madrid
|Pellegrini disappointed to miss out in tie of few chances
|Real Madrid 1 Manchester City 0 (1-0 agg): Zidane´s men set up 2014 final repeat
|Lucescu: Shakhtar ready for hardest fight
|´Benteke cost almost Villarreal´s budget!´ - Marcelino expects major Liverpool test
|AFC Champions League Review: Big-spending Jiangsu Suning dumped out
|Kompany off injured in Champions League semi
|Ter Stegen: I want to stay at Barcelona
|Vardy will thrive for England at Euro 2016, says Smith
|Lemina eyes key role at Juventus
|Cerezo hits back at Vidal´s ´ugly´ swipe
|Bacca happy at Milan without European football, says agent
|Long backs Saints to end Spurs hoodoo
|West Ham´s Sullivan labels Leicester lucky
|Alba admires Atletico team work
|Ranieri deserves an honour - Italian prime minister
|Klopp bullish ahead of semi-final showdown
|Ranieri´s 96-year-old mother: Now my son is King of England
|Lovren: Europa League final would save Liverpool´s season
|BREAKING NEWS: Dembele set for long FA ban over Costa altercation
|AC Milan ultras call for Galliani´s head over ´blatant mockery´ of fans
|Emery wants ´inspired´ Konoplyanka in Europa League semi-final
|Wendell Lira blames Puskas Award trip for club woes
|Joe Cole in line for Tampa Bay Rowdies move
|Fuchs: I could kiss Hazard after title-clinching goal
|Hiddink turned down Leicester before Ranieri appointment
|Arsenal did not hold their nerve in title race - Smith
|Cazorla targets City comeback for Arsenal
|Webb could face lifelong ban as FIFA opens proceedings
|Smith backs Leicester to become Premier League ´force´
|Toni to retire after Juventus clash
|Iwobi reveals key to dream Arsenal rise
|Allen expects to reach Europa League final
|McLeish leaves Zamalek after 65 days
|Football fans pile bets on Burnley to win Premier League after Leicester´s shock success
|Ranieri: Rich teams will win for next 10 to 20 years
|Pity we could not reward Guardiola for his three years, says Bayern captain Lahm
|Madrid revenge no factor for Simeone
|Copa Libertadores Review: Pumas UNAM, Atletico Nacional advance to quarter-finals
|Adelaide want Leicester City friendly
|Tottenham have proven critics wrong - Eriksen
|Ferdinand ´turned on´ by Simeone´s Atletico
|Wilson hoping Brighton experience enough for United
|Griezmann urges team-mates to keep feet on the ground
|We´ve learned from past errors - Fernandinho
|Payet cleans up West Ham awards
|´We don´t need superstars´ - Ranieri
|Vidal: Bayern are still the best in the world
|Guardiola: I have given my life to Bayern
|Simeone: Atletico have eliminated two of the world´s three best teams
|Leicester owner reveals Vardy signing doubts
|Bayern feel cheated, says Rummenigge
|Boateng: Bayern solely to blame for Champions League exit
|Zabaleta confirms calf injury
|´It was a siege´ - Torres proud of Atletico after holding off Bayern
|Liverpool v Villarreal: Klopp demands improvement in Anfield return
|Bayern Munich 2 Atletico Madrid 1 (2-2 agg): Griezmann clinches final berth with away goal
|AFC Champions League Review: Victory, Al Hilal and Al Ain qualify with wins
|Courtois ´100 per cent´ committed to Chelsea, denies PSG contact
|Pellegrini: Madrid are more than Ronaldo
|Trabzonspor handed four-game stadium ban
|Morata muscle tear ruled out
|Sevilla v Shakhtar Donetsk: Vitolo fired up to seal historic Europa League final spot
|UEFA has opened Pandora´s box with Kosovo decision - Serbian FA president
|Infantino claims positive response to FIFA funds plan
|Aubameyang reiterates Real Madrid desire
|Huth and Fellaini charged by FA
|Cahill hopes for FA understanding after fiery Tottenham clash
|Kehl slams Dortmund fans over Hummels boos
|Mourinho congratulates Ranieri for winning ´my title´ with Leicester
|Confusion reigns as City confirm Toure travels to Madrid
|Mata: United can finish fourth and win FA Cup
|Missing Champions League final would be a failure - Zidane
|City without Toure for Real Madrid semi-final
|Infantino hails Leicester title as ´the magic of football´
|Redknapp talks up ´South Coast Mariners´ role
|Real Madrid can cope without Benzema - Navas
|Ronaldo returns for Madrid, but Benzema will miss Bernabeu clash
|Ranieri wants happy players for title defence
|Kosovo win vote to become UEFA member nation
|Drinkwater: Leicester title is mad, bonkers
|Morgan predicts tear-stained Premier League trophy
|Transfer market travails and the empire striking back: What next for Leicester City?
|Toure trains ahead of Real Madrid clash
|Guardiola´s rotation policy a potential own goal - Magath
|Ballack backs Atletico to prove too strong for Bayern
|Messi agreed with Olympics snub - Martino
|Benzema misses Real Madrid open training
|Ranieri: We want to improve
|Ronaldo: Like it or not, I´ll go down in history
|Strootman delighted with return to Roma starting XI
|Laporte dismisses Manchester City rumours
|Ranieri has silenced critics, says Kisnorbo
|Van Gaal: I am one of the best managers in the world
|Santa Cruz: Guardiola will bring better football to City
|Guardiola always a bit anxious - Kahn
|Kisnorbo: No one will forget Leicester´s fairytale run to Premier League glory
|Rodgers backs Klopp´s handling of Sturridge
|Wright: No one would have touched Kante and Co.
|Smalling: Captaining United an honour
|No surprises in Mexico´s 40-man Copa squad
|Juanfran: We are a team of details
|Stepanenko: My friendship with Yarmolenko is over
|Leicester fan Martinez: I am glad it did not happen in Germany
|Schwarzer has shown age is just a number - Kisnorbo
|Mangala: City want to make history in Champions League
|Lineker struggling to believe Leicester success
|Carrick: Top four not gone yet
|De Gea named United´s player of the year
|Dundee 2 Dundee United 1: Visitors relegated
|King delighted to crown Leicester rise with title
|Ranieri: I knew I would win a title eventually!
|Soccer world reacts to Leicester´s remarkable Premier League title
|Serie A Review: Strootman starts as Roma fight back again
|Leicester success a ´good omen´ for Selby
|Kane: Chelsea celebrated like they won title
|Thumping Man City, edging Tottenham and five matches that won Leicester the Premier League
|Vardy marvels at Leicester´s finest hour
|Ranieri called me to say thanks, reveals Hiddink
|Leicester did the impossible - Morgan
|Terry: Leicester title triumph gives hope to smaller sides
|Pochettino proud as Spurs fall short
|Savage: Leicester title a key moment in Premier League history


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DEFINITION of 'Hidden Load'
An undisclosed fee or sales charge, which is often hidden in the fine print of a fund's prospectus or in an insurance contract. In some cases, investors and clients do not realize they are paying the hidden load, as explicit attention is never drawn to the issue.
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BREAKING DOWN 'Hidden Load'
A hidden load is a cost that a customer is typically never told about. For example, most investors are unaware of the 12b-1 fee that mutual funds often charge. With this hidden load, the investor will pay an small, annual charge to cover the fund's promotional and advertising expenses.
Hidden ValuesAssets that may be undervalued on a company's balance sheet and ...
LoadA sales charge or commission charged to an investor when buying ...
Load FundA mutual fund that comes with a sales charge or commission. The ...
Back-End LoadA fee (sales charge or load) that investors pay when selling ...
Level LoadAn annual charge deducted from an investor's mutual fund assets ...
12B-1 PlanA no-load mutual fund that is allowed to use fund assets to pay ...
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When are mutual funds considered a bad investment?Learn when mutual funds are considered a bad investment for investors who worry about high expenses, lack of control over ... Read Answer >>
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Relationship Manager I (RM I) - Business Banking - Manhattan West
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Warm Nicoise salad. Caroline Velik WARM SALADS recipes for Epicure and Good Living. Photographed by Marina Oliphant. Food preparation and styling by Caroline Velik. All props stylist's own. 090908. Photo: Marina Oliphant
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UFC recently announced that Jackson will take on former
Pride Fighting Championships rival Mauricio Rua
at a to-be-announced event in 2012. While no official word has been
given on a fight date, Jackson stated that his knees must take
priority before the fight can occur.
"To keep it real, the 'Shogun' fight will have to wait," wrote
Jackson on his official Twitter account. "I just found out that I
have to get surgery on both knees, but I heal fast. Don't
"Rampage" went on to reveal how he hurt each of his knees,
asserting that his left knee was injured during his September clash
with reigning UFC light heavyweight champion Jon Jones.
Meanwhile, Jackson stated that his right knee was accidentally
injured by sparring partner Tyson
Jeffries prior to Jackson's February meeting with Ryan Bader at
A former UFC light heavyweight champion, Jackson joined the
promotion in 2007 and captured the title from Chuck
Liddell in just his second Octagon appearance. After
relinquishing his belt to Forrest
Griffin the following year, Jackson won four of five fights
before stumbling in his last two outings against Jones and Bader.
RIZIN FF announced today that MMA pioneer and former professional wrestling standout Kiyoshi Tamura will join forces with Wanderlei Silva in the special grappling tag team matchup. read news >>
The UFC today announced it has completed an investigation into allegations of assault by women's bantamweight Julianna Pena and reinstated "The Ultimate Fighter 18" winner, freeing her to resume her read news >>
USADA announced on Monday that Yoel Romero has accepted a 6-month sanction for an anti-doping policy violation stemming from a contaminated supplement. read news >>
Miesha Tate's first title defense won't come against Holly Holm. It won't come against Ronda Rousey. Instead, the UFC women's bantamweight champion will take on fourth-ranked competitor Amanda Nunes read news >>
Ronda Rousey is planning a return to the UFC and is aiming to reassert the dominance she enjoyed before her November defeat to Holly Holm, according to her nutrition coach, Mike Dolce. Before the bru read news >>
ZAGREB, Croatia – Heavyweight Derrick Lewis has a simple plan for his UFC Fight Night 86 appearance: knock Gabriel Gonzaga out in the first round and book a fight with Roy Nelson.Filed under: Feature read news >>
It was announced Tuesday that the UFC on FOX main event between Tony Ferguson and Khabib Nurmagomedov was off due to a Ferguson injury, and two days later, "The Eagle" has a new dance read news >>
ZAGREB, Croatia – As the UFC conducts the second of three European fight cards over a 10-week span, the promotion is already making plans for a few more events in the region, as well. James Elliott, read news >>
ZAGREB, Croatia – Prior to today's UFC Fight Night 86 fighter weigh-ins, you can watch a live fan Q&A with Josh Barnett, Dan Hardy and Misha Cirkunov here on MMAjunkie at 10:30 a.m. ET (7:30 a.m. PT) read news >>


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3 of 6 people found the following review helpful
Back To The Best,
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Verified Purchase(What is this?)
This review is from: Silent Hill HD - Collection (Xbox 360) (Video Game)
Silent Hill HD Collection brings back 2 of the most popular titles in the silent hill series (Silent Hill 2 & 3), which is meant to be in HD (though i cannot say they look all that different to the PS2 / PC releases years ago).
Silent Hill 2 - through SH2 you play as James Sunderland, a guy who lost his wife 3 years ago, but received a letter stating she will be waiting at their "special place"... which turns out to be in silent hill.
Playing through it, there are points which seem sluggish or slow to load in comparison to the PS2/PC versions but generally it is the exact same, i dont see the difference in graphics, which i must say i am pleased with, as the "poor" graphics of PS2 era in games works especially nice with Silent Hill games, as the game must build up graphics ahead of the player as they wonder around, which the heavy fog with this builds up a more eerie atmosphere. The horror aspects and the twisted creatures are just as they was and can create moments of "weak nerves" on the player, instead of the basic uncreative "monsters" presented in the newest SH title "downpour".
Overall SH2 works pretty much as it did on my PS2 before it stopped working. The game does allow the player to choose between the old voice cast from the PS2/PC versions, or a new one... i cannot say i have tried the new voice cast, looking at SH3 new voice cast i cannot say i want to either.
Silent Hill 3 - in SH3 you play as Heather Mason, the adopted daughter of SH1 character Harry Mason. She must go through the trials of the twisted world Silent Hill provides to uncover her past and take revenge on the people who have wronged her and her father.
The game itself has always been my favored of the SH series, but i must say i am VERY disapointed in the lack of effort gone into the editing of SH3. Anybody who played the PS2/PC versions of SH3 will undoubtedly notice the new voice cast which is FORCED on the player, unlike SH2 which is an option, the voices of Heather, Claudia, and Vincent do not suit the characters and feel as if there is little effort in the voice acting, and Douglas' voice, although it does kind of suit his character... it is not of the correct age, douglas is meant to be a "Fifty something" year old but sounds as if he is in his early 30s. The audio when battling against the first 3 bosses on the game also cuts out after 1 play instead of looping which makes the battles somewhat dull, in about 80%-90% of the cutscenes, any player will notice that the audio becomes very out of sync with the video, a simple problem which i could make a better attempt dispite having minimal knowledge of video and audio creating / editing. Even minor characters and voices such as leonards or the "Borely Haunted Mansion announcer" seem to be unsuited, Leonard sounds rather like the steriotypical British voice when the game is based in an American Town...
Also with certain weapons like the sub machine gun the audio doesnt work propperly and cuts out.
The graphics also are poor performance as in certain areas, graphics either dont build up at all, or takes a long time.
Nevertheless despite SH3s Major downfall in audio, the game itself is still very enjoyable with all added features (like the douglas in boxers cheat) still working perfectly fine and is still without a doubt my favorite SH game.
Overall i still say this collection is worth purchasing if you do not own the 2 games already, but to be honest if you have a fully functional PS2 with Dual Shock 2 Controller (***needed for SH2 play***) i would purchase these 2 great titles for that. Anybody who doesnt have a PS2 / Dual shock 2 controller or anybody who doesnt want to play these games on a PC, then this collection is a brilliant purchase which can still make me jump on certain parts which is around 9 or 10 years on from when i 1st played these great titles.
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Grease - Good girl Sandy and greaser Danny fell in love over the summer. But when they unexpectedly discover they're now in the same high school, will they be able to rekindle their romance?
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MRS DOUBTFIRE (1993) with Robin Williams and Sally Fields Very funny movie. A happy but not typical "rom-com" ending. Some parts/conversations I wish they'd have left out but overall good.
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App of the day: Ridiculous Fishing - A Tale of Redemption review (iPhone)
We know what you're thinking: Fishing as a computer game - how can that be good? Ridiculous Fishing really proves its name's point: it has guns, guts and, er, hairdryers. But it'll hook you in in no time - this is as classic a game app as they come.
Ridiculous Fishing
- Format
- iPhone, iPad
- Price
- £1.99
- Where
- iTunes
Ridiculous Fishing has wonderful two-dimensional graphics reminiscent of a classic Nintendo title, is easy to play and - apart from its £1.99 purchase price - doesn't rest on the evils of in-app purchases either. You play, you earn your keep by delving deeper into the watery depths and along the way get the satisfaction of mowing down jellyfish with chainsaws. Ridiculous? Yes. Brilliant? Certainly.
You play Billy, a fisherman who has some radical methods. But you'd already figured that out with the mention of chainsaws and guns.
A tap of the Apple device's screen releases Billy's deep-diving fishing line, while left and right tilt will reposition it - integral to play mechanics as you'll want to avoid those underwater nasties, such as jellyfish. The rarer fish live deeper below the water line and once a fish meets hook Billy begins to pull it back up.
On this return journey you can hook on to extra fish, to collect a full bounty that could potentially consist of several dozen sharks and the like - obviously ridiculous on a single line, but made us smile - and, as they surface, you then have to "blow their gills off" with finger-tapping firepower. You start with a pistol, but more fish caught means you'll turn them into money in the bank and in no time you'll be upgrading from shotgun to Uzi to minigun. Y'know, those typical fishing implements.
There are stacks of items to buy in the store - from incremental line lengths to toasters that electrocute the first fish struck, right through to fuel tanks to power propelled lines deeper into the depths. Only those hard-earned in-game dollars can be spent, as there's no real world money changing hands here - and we applaud the developers for that decision. It's £1.99 all in.
You'll need to be shrewd with your cash and fish a-plenty to gather up the right tools. Each area on the map has a set number of species and it's your goal to catch them all to reveal new maps with additional species.
Buy the Fish-O-Pedia from the shop and there's a whole catalogue of fish that you've caught along with those you haven't. It feels like a great success when you nab that last fish and can move from the shallow home waters to deeper, icier depths. It gets trickier to navigate the depths with success, while the deepest waters will require lamps and fuel to find the rarest of species.
All this can quickly get repetitive, but then there's no need to play the game on and on - although it is the app equivalent of juicy bait and we found ourselves repeatedly lured in.
Great fun, and thoroughly recommended next time you're fishing around for a new time-killing app.
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