text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 10, 1985
|Filing date
|Jan 7, 1983
|Priority date
|Jan 7, 1983
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Robert H. Welker
|Original Assignee
|Welker Engineering Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (34), Classifications (5), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
U.S. Pat. No. 3,945,770, of this inventor, discloses a high pressure pump. That pump describes a solid, nonyielding reciprocating member. It reciprocates towards an opposing resilient plug. The plug is supported by a nonyielding member also. The resilient plug incorporates a dished area which collapses on pressing the components together and the squeeze created by this collapse forces gas or liquid, captured in the dished area, through a passage. This disclosure sets forth an improved passage construction. The reciprocating member must terminate in a solid face, and the solid face is ordinarily constructed by fabricating a threaded cap. The threaded cap has a specific wall thickness, and a thin passage is drilled through this wall to center at the dished area. This is the outlet path. This passage has a finite volume which is a dead volume. That is, the dished area can be collapsed on application of pressure until there is no remaining volume in the dished area. The sample which is forced from the dished area must be forced through the narrow passage. This is a dead volume, namely the volume of the passage. The passage ordinarily terminates at a check valve to prevent back flow. The check valve is ordinarily arranged at the end of the passage, but it nevertheless cannot prevent the passage from collecting a dead volume which is not evacuated on each stroke of the sample collection apparatus.
An alternate form of sample collection apparatus uses a movable piston which reciprocates in a cylinder to admit the sample; the piston is forced along the cylinder to pressurize the sample to flow into a passage and through a check valve.
By contrast, this apparatus sets forth an improved passage construction. It is particularly improved in that the volume of the passage is substantially reduced. This construction substantially eliminates the dead volume in the passage. It is accomplished by positioning a check valve element in the altered passage which extends to the face of the anvil. That is to say, there is no passage volume left when the check valve is in position. The check valve can be forced open so that the passage permits flow in the intended manner; when it is closed, it closes fully and substantially fills the passage so that the check valve element is flush with the face of the anvil for all practical purposes.
The reduction of the fluid passage dead volume to a zero value enables collection of all of the sample which is captured by the device. It, thereby, enables the device to collect the sample volume more accurately. As the sample is collected, it must be forced pass a check valve. Some type of check valve arrangement is required to prevent the sample from trickling back out of the sample collection apparatus. One kind of check valve is a spring forcing a ball valve element against a seat, and this has worked quite well. An alternate form of check valve element utilizes an elongate pin with large shoulder to seat against the back face of the anvil wherein the pin protrudes into the passage to guide and align the check valve element. This again uses a return spring.
The return spring is a relatively small spring located in a relatively small chamber. Such a small spring can only, of necessity, provide a relatively small thrust. The force applied by the spring against the valve element, when considered in the abstract, should be sufficient to simply hold the valve closed. However, pressure variations in the sample collection system and the pipeline pose problems for the spring. Assume that the spring asserts a force sufficient to hold the check valve closed against the normal operating pressure in the pipeline and assume that is a value of 500 psi. Assume that the pipeline is designed for a maximum pressure of 800 psi. While the pressure will normally be maintained around 500 psi by the ordinary operation of the pipeline, inevitably, pressure surges will occur in the pipeline. Assume that a pressure surge transit occurs which increases the pressure to 750 psi for five seconds. In that event, the check valve spring will be overcome and sample will be forced continuously pass the check valve into the sample collection apparatus. This can be overcome by utilizing a spring of sufficient strength to overcome 800 psi, the rating of the pipeline. However, such springs must inevitably be larger to provide the increased spring force. There is a constraint on space, and it is not easy to provide such a strong spring for incorporation in such a small space.
The spring force necessary to overcome such high pressures in the pipeline is further aggravated by the back pressure in the sample collection system. The sample collection system has a back pressure normally associated with the sample collection system. The sample collected by the sample collection apparatus must ordinarily be removed from the sample collection device through a tubing into a sample collection bottle. The difference in sample collection bottles pose a problem for the sample collection apparatus. Consider the following three exemplarly sample collection bottles. Assume simply that the sample collection line is placed in a bucket to collect a sample, in which event, the back pressure is atmospheric pressure. That, at least, provides a relatively constant and low back pressure in the sample collection system. There are other sample collection bottles which are closed chambers. The first portion of collected sample is collected at atmospheric back pressure. However, the sample collection bottle does not have a vent, and the pressure within the bottle increases. The pressure may well increase to an extremely high pressure, and this high back pressure is a force added to the spring acting on the check valve. This inevitably creates a different set or trip point at which the check valve opens. A third type of sample collection bottle is one which provides a relatively constant back pressure. This can be treated as the atmospheric back pressure sample collection bottle described above. While it may be not be atmospheric, the pressure is at least fixed or relatively constant.
A relatively constant back pressure thus equates to an additional constant force acting on the check valve.
Pipeline pressure is not perfectly regulated. As pipeline pressure increases, it may reach the point at which the diaphragm motor of the apparatus cannot overcome pipeline pressure. Consider the situation wherein the movable portion of the probe in the sample collection apparatus has a circular area of one square inch and works into a pipeline having a nominal pressure of 500 psi. In this example, 500 pounds of force are required to overcome pipeline pressure. This ignores the force which is required to operate the sample collection probe. Consider the situation in which the pipeline pressure increases to 1,000 psi whereupon 1,000 pounds of force are required to overcome the resistive pressure to operate of the probe. Ordinarily, the device is powered by a diaphragm motor. This device is normally operated at relatively low pressures. If the surface area is twenty-five square inches, only about twenty psi is required at the diaphragm motor to overcome the resistive force preventing insertion of the probe into the pipeline. This leaves substantial force available to compress the resilient plug and operate the sample collection apparatus. However, assume that pipeline pressure is 1,000 psi in which event 1,000 pounds of force, or a pressure of 40 psi in the diaphragm motor is required to simply overcome pipeline pressure. This leaves very little force available to compress the resilient plug to operate the sample collection apparatus.
The present apparatus overcomes this difficulty. In fact, many advantages flow from the incorporation of a pressure balanced check valve. The check valve element is a fairly large telescoping member on the interior of the probe. The lower end is exposed to pipeline pressure. Pipeline pressure is routed through a conduit to the top end of the check valve element and applied there also. The relative cross-sectional area of the two surfaces exposed to the pipeline pressure are made approximately equal so that the check valve element is pressure balanced. Thus, increases or decreases in pipeline pressure simply null by forming relatively equal and opposite forces acting on the check valve element. Then, a small spring can be used to force the check valve element to the closed position, and this spring need never be changed or recalibrated to compensate for operating pressures on the sample collection apparatus. In fact, if the device is installed in the vertical position and sufficient weight is placed on the check valve element, the weight will serve as a return force. By contrast, the device can be operated horizontally or even in an inverted position by simply installing a spring calibrated to overcome the weight of the equipment to force it to the closed condition. The spring, which is thus described, need not overcome pressure differential created forces acting on the check valve element. This has the advantage of operating even with great fluctuations in pipeline pressure. It also is immune to variations in back pressure. Back pressure increases in the probe do not act on the cross-sectional areas of the probe and, therefore, do not upset this relative balance on the check valve element.
These features and others set forth hereinbelow therefore provide a device capable of operation in a wide variety of operating conditions.
Briefly, this apparatus discloses a sample collection apparatus featuring a reciprocating probe section having a bottom anvil directed against a resilient plug. A very small passage through the anvil is provided, and it is plugged by the check valve element. The check valve element extends to an area where it is flush with the face of the anvil. The check valve element is an elongate member, exposed to pipeline pressure at both ends and is therefore substantially free and independent of pipeline pressure variations.
So that the manner in which the above recited features, advantages and objects of the invention, as well as others, which will become apparent, are attained and can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof illustrated in the appended drawings, which drawings form a part of this specification. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of the invention and are not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view through an improved sample collection apparatus in accordance with the disclosures herein including a pressure balanced check valve element within the probe;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the lower tip of the check valve element and cooperative opening showing a reduced dead volume passage; and
FIG. 3 is an alternate construction of the lower tip of the check valve element.
Attention is directed to the sample collection apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1. This shows, in sectional view, the entire structure of the fluid sample pump system. As the description proceeds, it will develop the basic operating mode of the equipment shown thereat which follows the disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 3,945,770 except that it includes the improvements which are described below. Those improvements are directed to an improved check valve and check valve element system including a pressure balance arrangement.
The pump system 10 incorporates an elongate wand or probe at the lower portions which is adapted to be positioned within a tank or inserted through the wall of a pipeline. To this end, a set of threads 11 is included on a lower surrounding peripheral housing 12. The pump system has a variety of mountings including threaded connection of the form shown at FIG. 1 and nonthreaded cylindrical constructions. An elongate wand of cylindrical construction is fixed to the cylindrical body 12 which supports an elongate tubular sleeve 13. The sleeve 13 is provided with a set of ports 14 to admit fluid from the pipeline. That is, fluid flows into the sample collection apparatus to be gathered. The elongate sleeve 13 is joined at the upper end to the cylindrical body 12 by integral construction or threaded connection. The sleeve 13 is a fixed part of the equipment. It supports a large threaded bottom plug 15 which caps the bottom end and covers the bottom, and also supports an upstanding sleeve 16. The sleeve 16 telescopes over a cylindrical internal protruding post. That is concentric with and on the interior of the sleeve 13.
A fastening pin 17 passing through a hole diametrically drilled through the bottom plug 15 fastens the sleeve 16 in place to support a resilient plug 18. The plug 18 is concentric with the plug 15 and located on the interior of the sleeve. The sleeve has an overhanging lip at the top end to capture the resilient plug. The sleeve supports the plug and limits lateral expansion. The sleeve terminates at an encircling top lip defining a circular contact area 19 surrounding a dished cavity area 20.
The resilient plug cooperates with an anvil formed of a metal cap which reciprocates towards the resilient plug. The plug faces the metal cap, and the metal cap has a circular face 21 which contacts against it. This seals against the lip 19 surrounding the dished area. When the two parts are brought together, a seal is perfected and fluid within the dished chamber is captured. The face 21 is mounted to reciprocate by the operative components of this equipment into contact whereby the chamber 20 is closed and sealed. This collects fluid within the chamber for evacuation through the equipment and collection subsequently.
The numeral 24 identifies an elongate reciprocating push rod which is hollow along its length. It passes through areas of different pressures, and a seal 25 is positioned around it in the body 12 to prevent leakage along the push rod 24. The push rod terminates at an enlarged threaded spool 26, the spool being joined to the lower end of the push rod and supporting the transverse face 21.
The face 21 is part of the spool 26 which is made of metal and which is, therefore, an unyielding material. The resilient plug 18 is supported on the nonyielding plug 15 therebelow. When the two members are brought together, the resilient plug collapses. Dependent on axial loading, pumping action is initiated by collapse of the resilient plug 18 when the push rod 24 forces the face 21 against the resilient plug. Fluid in the chamber or cavity 20 is evacuated through the improved passage to be described.
This passage is best illustrated by referring to FIG. 2. There, the face 21 is illustrated as having a small opening at 27. This opening is not a conventional drilled hole. Rather, it tapers at 28 on the opposite face and thereby describes a tapered passage. The drilled area at 28 inscribes a certain angle, and a check valve element 30 having a matching angle seats agaist the angled conic hole. The check valve element incorporates a groove 31, and a seal ring 32 is positioned in the groove.
Returning now to FIG. 1, it will be observed that an annular space 33 extends along the length of the push rod 24. The check valve element 30 is shown in FIG. 1 to be an elongate rod of significant length, terminating at the pointed lower end conforming with the drilled hole at 28. This conformance enables the very tip of the push rod 30 to extend to a point where it is flush with the face 21. The path for fluid pumped from the cavity 20 is through the opening 27 and pass the check valve element 30. This is accomplished when the check valve element is forced upwardly, clearing the seal 32 and permitting fluid flow through an annular space 33.
The check valve element 30 is an elongate rod. It is located on the interior of the push rod 24. A description of the upper portions of these components will be set forth hereinafter. For the moment, it should be noted that the push rod 24 threads to the spool 26, and a seal 34 is secured between the spool 26 and exterior of the push rod. The seal 34 includes a snap ring and seal in the groove surrounding the push rod. This prevents leakage on the exterior. The seal 34 cooperates with the seal 25 thereabove.
In the up position, there is substantial clearance between the face 21 and the resilient plug 18. Access to this area is obtained through the lateral ports 14. These ports enable fluid flow through the equipment. These ports deliver the fluid of interest to the immediate area to be captured in the cavity 20.
The push rod 24 extends through a diaphragm motor. This apparatus is formed by constructing a dish shaped lower housing 35 above the body 12, and positioning a similarly constructed upper housing 36 thereabove. The two housings join at a peripheral lip of flange 37, and suitable nuts and bolts are fastened through the flange to join the housing parts 35 and 36 together. They capture a diaphragm 38 at the flange junction of the two components, and the diaphragm isolates the interior of the housing into upper and lower chambers. The diaphragm 36 is a flexible member formed of resilient material, or alternatively, a relatively thin flexible metal typically folded with circular accordion pleats to permit flexure. The lower side of the diaphragm 38 is supported by a disk 39 which is fastened by means of threads 40 to the push rod 24. A lock ring 41 is on the top side of the diaphragm 38.
The top diaphragm housing has a tapered port 42 to permit the introduction of fluid under pressure to force the diaphragm downwardly. Downward motion compresses a coil spring 43 in the lower housing which returns the diaphragm to the up position, thereby retracting the push rod 24. The push rod 24 passes through the top housing 36 at a collar 45, the collar being provided with seals 46 to prevent leakage along the push rod.
In ordinary operation, fluid under pressure is introduced above the diaphragm and forces it downwardly. The diaphragm moves the fitting 40 and thereby reciprocates the push rod. The upper chamber is, therefore pneumatically or hydraulically filled and the lower chamber is evacuated through a suitable port or hole. The return spring 43 returns the apparatus to the raised position.
Travel of the push rod downwardly can be limited by placing a removable clamping collar around the push rod 24 at a specified elevation to travel against the upstanding collar 45, blocking further reciprocation.
A manifold block 48 is located at the top end of the push rod and is threaded to it in a leakproof connection. The manifold block is drilled with a port 49, and a fitting 50 is placed in the port. The fitting 50 connects with a flexible tubing 51 which, in turn, extends to an elbow 52 for connection with an output line. The delivered sample is provided through this line. The fitting 50 is communicated with the annular passage 33. This passage 33 is continued into the manifold block 48. The passage 33 is the sample flow path, the sample thereby flowing in this annular space and through the tubing 51.
The manifold block is drilled and countersunk to various diameters. A seal ring 53 surrounds a narrow neck 54 on the check valve element 33. The check valve element more aptly has the appearance of a long straight rod having a tapered point at one end, and supporting the narrow neck 54 at the top end. The neck 54 has a specified cross-sectional diameter. This diameter is exposed to pipeline pressure above the seal 53. It reciprocates toward a plug 56, the plug 56 threading to the manifold body 48. The plug 56 is axially drilled to define an internal chamber 57, and a small spring 58 is placed in that chamber and bears against the neck 54. It forces the check valve element toward the closed position.
A fitting 59 connects to a flexible tubing 60 which connects with an elbow 61, conveniently supported on the flange of the diaphragm housing. This enables connection to the pipeline (not shown) so that pipeline pressure can be applied to the upper end of the check valve element 30. Pipeline fluid pressure is communicated through the fitting 61, the flexible tubing 60, the fitting 59, and is introduced through a passage 63. The passage 63 opens into an annular space above the seal ring 53. The plug 56 is drilled; it has a downwardly dependent skirt 64. The skirt 64 is drilled with a small passage 65 so that fluid from the pipeline is introduced to the top end of the check valve element 30.
The pressure balance across the check valve element should be noted. In the closed condition, the force acting upwardly on the check valve element is determined by the cross-sectional area of the seal ring 32. Pipeline pressure is communicated to this area. That defines a specific area. By contrast, pipeline pressure is also applied to the upper end of the check valve element 30 to force it in the opposite direction. The area is defined by the seal ring 53. It will be observed that the two opposite ends of the check valve element are exposed to an equal pressure, and the force differential from the application of pressure at both places is determined by the differential in area. If the two areas are equal, they do not create a force differential across the check valve element.
This balanced force is very convenient. No matter what the pipeline pressure, the check valve element is maintained in a closed condition until a pumping stroke. The closed condition is sustained by gravity pulling the check valve element 30 downwardly. This pull normally occurs when it is in an upright condition. Sufficient weight tends to close the valve. This weight can be enhanced by the incorporation of the small spring 58. This spring does not work against any variable force. In other words, it does not have to be changed for a change in pipeline pressure. The spring 58 is merely a return spring which, in conjunction with the weight, acts to close the device.
The spring 58 should be increased in strength if the apparatus is inverted.
FIG. 3 discloses an alternate form of seal construction. The spool has a transverse wall 80 of suitable strength and thickness. The check valve element 81 is again an elongate rod having an end located axially drilled receptacle for receiving a solid resilient plug 82. The plug is larger than the receptacle which captures the plug and a portion projects beyond the rod 80 to seat and seal in the drilled hole 83. Sealing is accomplished on closure into the hole 83.
The advantages and features of the disclosed apparatus were identified heretofore. Now that the structure has been described, its mode of operation to accomplish these advantages should be considered. Briefly, the normal position for the check valve element 30 is the closed position detailed in FIG. 2. The passage from the cavity 20 is filled, and the dead volume in this area is substantially nil, and there is no loss of volume on taking a sample. This results from the filling of the passage beginning at 27 and extending to the seal ring 32 by the conforming tip of the valve 30.
Assume that pipeline pressure fluctuates over wide limits. Even so, the fluctuations do not create a problem. Pipeline pressure is exposed to both ends of the valve 30 so that it is in a neutral state. It is not moved by pipeline pressure. It is not biased one direction or the other by pipeline pressure. As installed, it stays closed by the weight of gravity acting on the valve element and the small spring 58. Pressure balancing of the valve 30 by applying pressure to both ends eliminates pressure dependent fluctuations.
Several benefits flow from this. It is not necessary to install a different spring for each pipeline pressure. It is not necessary to incorporate an extremely large diaphragm to be able to overcome forces resulting from pipeline pressure increases. In fact, the pressure balance across the valve 30 enables the device to operate over a wide range of pressures, whether static or dynamic.
Back pressure variations do not impact operation of the valve 30. Assume that the back pressure (at the sample storage bottle) is either fixed or increases as sample accumulation occurs. In either case, back pressure, in the annulus 33, does not alter the operation of the valve 30. When closed, it is exposed to the back pressure absent facing shoulders and, therefore, no imbalancing forces are created. When the valve 30 is open, any back pressure which acts in the annular space 33 is overcome by the pressure of the fluid being pumped from the chamber 20. A number of scale factors have been noted in this disclosure, but they are related primarily to relative scale factors such as the relative cross-sectional area within the seal 32 contrasted with the seal 53. The device can be sized to relatively large sizes dependent on the pumping requirements. If desired, the sampling rate can be altered by modification of the number of strokes in a given interval to increase the sample removed.
The sample collection means (the resilient plug 18) can be a solid metal piston in a cylinder to pressurize the sample. In this event, the fluid sample is again forced into the check valve in the same fashion as described above.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment, the scope is determined by the claims which follow.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 20, 1959
|Jan 22, 1963
|Kikendall Ralph E
|Snap acting safety valve
|Aug 11, 1966
|Nov 26, 1968
|Interior Usa
|Device for taking fluid samples from closed systems
|Jun 21, 1972
|May 28, 1974
|Houma Valve Service Inc
|Fluid sampling device
|Jul 7, 1981
|Sep 21, 1982
|Thompson C Keith
|Interstitial gas probe
|Dec 15, 1980
|Feb 8, 1983
|Texaco Inc.
|Method and sampler for collecting a non-pressurized well fluid sample
|Apr 6, 1981
|Sep 13, 1983
|Welker Engineering Company
|Sampler apparatus
|Title not available
|Series 200 Grab Sampler (a sales brochure), Jiskoot Auto Control L.T.D., Tunbridge Wells.Kent.TN2DJ, England.
|Series 200 Grab Sampler (a sales brochure), Jiskoot Auto-Control L.T.D., Tunbridge Wells.Kent.TN2DJ, England.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 26, 1987
|Apr 4, 1989
|Edmund Buhler GmbH & Co.
|Device for the removal of liquid samples
|Oct 10, 1989
|May 29, 1990
|Welker Engineering Company
|Fluid sample apparatus featuring integral construction with a motor driven sampling system
|Mar 20, 1990
|Dec 24, 1991
|Precision General Inc.
|Fluid sampling pump
|Feb 27, 1991
|Mar 3, 1992
|Allen Paul V
|Fluid sampling pump
|Dec 12, 1991
|Mar 9, 1993
|Precision General, Inc.
|Fluid sampling pump
|Jul 10, 1992
|Jul 5, 1994
|Precision General, Inc.
|Fluid flow and mounting system for a sampling pump
|May 20, 1994
|Nov 7, 1995
|Rosolia; Antonio
|Apparatus for sampling and registering fluids in pipelines
|Mar 11, 2010
|Nov 8, 2011
|Ricoh Company, Ltd.
|Liquid container and image forming apparatus employing the liquid container
|Jan 15, 2010
|Aug 13, 2013
|Allpure Technologies, Inc.
|Fluid transfer device
|Apr 22, 2011
|Aug 27, 2013
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, sterile fluid transfer device
|Dec 15, 2009
|Sep 24, 2013
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for the transfer of a medium
|Jan 15, 2010
|Oct 1, 2013
|Allpure Technologies, Inc.
|Fluid transfer device
|Oct 12, 2010
|Oct 1, 2013
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Fluid transfer device and system
|Sep 24, 2008
|Oct 8, 2013
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, pre-sterilized fluid receptacle sampling device
|Feb 8, 2006
|Oct 22, 2013
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, sterile fluid transfer device
|Oct 20, 2006
|Nov 12, 2013
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, sterile fluid transfer device
|Jul 18, 2008
|Dec 24, 2013
|Allpure Technologies, Inc.
|Fluid transfer device
|Aug 31, 2010
|Feb 11, 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, pre-sterilized fluid receptacle sampling device
|Nov 13, 2008
|Apr 8, 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Fluid transfer device
|Jul 31, 2013
|Dec 23, 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Fluid transfer device and system
|Aug 1, 2013
|Dec 30, 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Fluid transfer device and system
|Dec 15, 2009
|May 12, 2015
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for the transfer of a medium
|Apr 13, 2015
|Sep 1, 2015
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for the transfer of a medium
|Sep 20, 2013
|Oct 6, 2015
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for the transfer of a medium
|Aug 28, 2013
|Mar 8, 2016
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for the transfer of a medium
|Sep 20, 2013
|Mar 29, 2016
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for the transfer of a medium
|Feb 8, 2006
|Jun 29, 2006
|Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, sterile fluid transfer device
|Nov 13, 2008
|Sep 17, 2009
|Millipore Corporation
|Fluid transfer device
|Dec 15, 2009
|Jun 24, 2010
|Millipore Corporation
|Device For The Transfer Of A Medium
|Dec 15, 2009
|Jun 24, 2010
|Millipore Corporation
|Device For The Transfer Of A Medium
|Sep 16, 2010
|Ricoh Company, Ltd.,
|Liquid Container And Image Forming Apparatus Employing The Liquid Container
|Aug 31, 2010
|Dec 30, 2010
|Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, pre-sterilized fluid receptacle sampling device
|Aug 18, 2011
|Millipore Corporation
|Disposable, sterile fluid transfer device
|Oct 2, 1995
|Jun 16, 1998
|Welker Engineering Company
|Fluid sample apparatus featuring integral construction with a motor driven sampling system
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 9, 1983
Owner name: WELKER ENGINEERING COMPANY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:WELKER, ROBERT H.;REEL/FRAME:004109/0594
Effective date: 19830302
|Apr 10, 1989
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jun 10, 1993
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Jun 11, 1993
Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF MISSOURI CITY
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WELKER ENGINEERING COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:006633/0576
Effective date: 19930603
|May 29, 1997
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12
|Jun 16, 1997
Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF MISSOURI CITY, TEXAS
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WELKER ENGINEERING COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:008559/0808
Effective date: 19970609


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Transformation: Wait is over for opening of restaurant & pub in circa 1836 Laconia church
LACONIA — The Holy Grail of the Lakes restaurant and pub has opened in the former Evangelical Baptist Church on Veterans Square after a renovation project which took over a year.
''It was a big project. We gutted everything and had to put in new plumbing and electricity and had to upgrade the gas line. We recycled the pews and used some of them for the bar top. We built a choir loft which seats 70 and put in stairs to the third floor,'' says Khalid Farid, co-owner with David Kennedy of the Holy Grail.
''David and I were here just about every day working on the project,'' says Farid, noting that it was a long drive up from Hampton for both of them.
Kennedy says that their goal was to preserve the character of the historic two and a half story wood frame church building, which was built as a Congregational church in 1836 and moved from its Church Street location — to its current space in Veterans Square after it had been purchased by the Baptists in 1903.
The building has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1985 and Kennedy and Farid said that they preserved as many of the features of the church as possible.
The second story dining room features the stained glass windows from the church and seats 180 diners, some in booths fashioned from the pews from the church, beneath the original tin ceiling, painted to mock copper. The bar, serving 34 draft beers and seating more than two dozen, is situated where the church sanctuary was. The menu features traditional Irish food.
''We wanted it to be as comfortable and relaxing as possible. The natural light from the windows helps achieve that. We want or customers to feel at home here,'' says Kennedy.
He says as part of the project an addition was built at the rear of the church on the second floor to provide space for a modern 700-square-foot kitchen.
It is the second restaurant Kennedy has built in a former church. In 2008 he built the Holy Grail Restaurant and Pub in the former St. Joseph's Church on Main Street in Epping, which has twice been chosen as the state's finest Irish pub by New Hampshire Magazine.
Kennedy says the lower level will house a cafe, bar and prep kitchen with seating for patrons having drinks and snacks and picking up take-out orders.
CAPTION: pix slugged holy grail
David Kennedy stands in the choir loft at the Holy Grail of the Lakes Region, a historic church which he and his partner Khalid Farid have converted into a restaurant and pub. (Roger Amsden/for The Laconia Daily Sun)
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Crusaders' Richie McCaw is still 'touch and go'
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Todd Blackadder does not want to compromise Richie McCaw's fractured rib.
Saturday night's 21-13 win over the Blues guarantees the Crusaders their 13th consecutive Super Rugby finals appearance, yet coach Blackadder's refusal to be satisfied with just making the top-six requires rational decisions at the selection table.
Finishing second overall would earn the Crusaders a home semifinal.
To make that happen they must beat the Highlanders at AMI Stadium next weekend. That could be critical if they are to keep the Sharks, who play the Stormers in Cape Town, at bay.
Last night, the Waratahs secured the minor premiership, beating the Highlanders 44-16 in Sydney.
Although Blackadder is hopeful lock Sam Whitelock, who withdrew from the Blues match at late notice because of a sore calf, will be available, he appears less optimistic about McCaw.
The All Blacks captain has not played since he carried his fractured rib into the third test against England on June 21. While McCaw has indicated to coaching staff he may be fit, Blackadder was cautious about taking a risk.
"He would be pretty touch and go.
"He has said he is feeling a hell of a lot better but we will get a better idea later in the week to see where that's at," Blackadder said.
McCaw's chances of meeting the Highlanders depends on whether he can complete contact trainings.
Blackadder's decision on whether to play McCaw requires him to look at the bigger picture: replacement No 7 Matt Todd has been one of his most loyal servants and the short-term gain of having McCaw on the park could result in him missing the playoffs.
"He's having a great season so far and I would be very reluctant to stick Matt [Todd] on the sideline, believe me," Blackadder said.
Concerns about first five-eighth Colin Slade's health after a tackle on Ma'a Nonu resulted in him being catapulted to the turf, appeared to be unfounded.
Despite Slade leaving the field soon after the incident, which allowed Dan Carter to move from second-five to pivot, Blackadder said the feedback from medical staff yesterday was positive.
This was despite Slade failing a concussion test in the previous game, against the Hurricanes.
"It's not concussion at all. He had a meeting with [team doctor] Deb Robinson and he's absolutely fine."
If Slade is passed fit to face the Highlanders, Blackadder may prefer to keep Carter at No 12 because the backline, boosted by power-packed wing Nemani Nadolo and reinvigorated fullback Israel Dagg, operated much more cohesively against the Blues.
All Black Dagg, who had not played since the first test against England on June 7, was not hampered by his patella tendon problem and subsequently the attack profited from his dangerous runs and booming punts.
Shifting Kieron Fonotia to the right wing also added some much-needed defensive resolve on his flank.
Fears the withdrawal of Whitelock would reduce their lineout percentages were allayed by Jimmy Tupou who made a significant contribution with his ball carrying and eagerness to shift torsos in the rucks.
Whitelock's tight calf was not risked because Blackadder feared he would tear the muscle.
Despite fine work by Dominic Bird and Jordan Taufua, Blackadder said there would be little sense in not starting Whitelock if he was fit.
"These games are must-wins and I would like everyone to be available so we can select our very best team."
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About the author
Diana Hamilton was born in a town. Wanting to be a country child, her imagination came into play at an early age, transforming a neighbor's tree into a forest, a hole in a stone wall into a gingerbread house, a gas puddle into a fairyland, complete with mountains, lakes, and flower meadows.
She loathed housework but made to do her share, to lessen the boredom, she told herself stories, in a very loud voice, featuring princesses and flower gardens, discovering that telling herself stories was almost as good as reading them in a book.
She loathed school with an equal passion and got through it by pretending to be somewhere else. Even so she left grammar school with respectable grades.…
And was sent to art college when she wanted to study to be a vet. This was nowhere as bad as it had seemed because it was there, at age 18, she first saw Peter. He had returned from two years' active service in Korea to resume his studies, and Diana immediately fell in love with him.
Gaining a degree in Advertising Copywriting, Diana worked as a copywriter and married Peter. They moved to a remote part of Wales after the birth of their second child, Paul, when their daughter, Rebecca, was three years old. There, Diana enjoyed pony trekking and walking in the mountains; and her third child, Andrew, was born.
Itchy feet brought them back to England to the beautiful county of Shropshire four years later and they have been there ever since, gradually restoring the rambling Elizabethan manor that Diana gave her heart to on sight, creating a garden out of a wilderness of nettles, brambles, and old bedsteads.
In the mid-70s Diana took up her pen again to write stories to read to her three children at bedtime. These were never offered for publication but the bug had bitten. Over the next 10 years she combined writing over 30 novels, published by Robert Hale of London, with bringing up her children, gardening, and cooking for the restaurant of a local inn — a wonderful excuse to avoid the dreaded housework!
In 1987 Diana realized her dearest ambition — the publication of her first Mills & Boon romance, Song in a Strange Land. She had come home. And that feeling persists to this day as, around 30 Harlequin/Mills & Boon romantic novels late, she is still in love with the genre.
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Organic buildings that pulse, breathe and react are becoming a viable reality as engineers, scientists and architects look to the Holy Grail of eco-friendly design.
It's called "triple net zero", which means buildings and homes are self-contained, producing almost zero energy, zero emissions and zero waste.
They feature cladding called eSkin - modelled on human muscle cells that optimise heat and light - and living walls that automatically adjust temperature.
These sustainable self-contained buildings have cheaper upkeep and power costs, while acting as a shield from power outages and other side-effects of infrastructure and energy grid failure.
The green-building movement, known technically as the integrated whole building design process (IWBDP), aims to link waste treatment with water supply and energy generation in a closed circuit using a mixture of ancient engineering nous and fast-emerging nano- and micro-engineering advances.
Self-sustaining buildings make sense - New Zealand buildings are responsible for almost a quarter of energy use, and more than half the electricity used here is in some way sucked up by office blocks, homes and shopping malls.
Designers have started to harness the synergy of water, energy and waste in skyscrapers such as the 71-storey, clean-tech Pearl River Tower in Guangzhou, China - hailed as one of the most environmentally friendly big structures on the planet.
The 309-metre skyscraper is about the same height as the Sydney Tower and has features such as harvesting water from chilled surfaces to control indoor humidity that, once filtered, is reused for pot-plant irrigation and toilet flushing. It's an example of a single piece of looped kit serving the dual functions of energy reduction and water recovery.
Wellington designer Marc Woodbury was the lead architect on the country's first Green Star-rated building, the Meridian building on Wellington's waterfront.
Mr Woodbury says everyone - from engineers to clients and contractors - has "got to be on the same wavelength" when working on green buildings.
As one of the country's first truly sustainable buildings, its construction was a shared vision but also a "teething process", he says.
"We were all sitting around the table with a clear set of objectives and targets and looking at how the architecture would work with the structure and how that would work with the building services."
Unlike conventional building, which is linear and segregated, in green construction it is "very hard to break apart and work in little silos".
Once hailed as New Zealand's flagship environmentally proactive building, the Department of Conservation's super-green, ultra-integrated headquarters in Manners St in Wellington is cited by Mr Woodbury as another example of Kiwi eco-flair.
Though great leaps are still being made with technology, engineering and science, new construction of sustainable eco-buildings has slowed since the global financial crisis.
"It's been a very tough economic climate."
But Mr Woodbury is still excited about the future.
"The adoption of some of these processes has become standard. People are now more conscious of the materials they specify and what their sustainable characteristics are."
Micro and nano-technologies are also set to revolutionise the way we live and work.
Sun-soaking roofing membranes that generate electricity and a raft of other technology embedded in building materials are all in the pipeline. These new products - such as paints, claddings and glass - will be able to self-generate, regenerate or grow in tandem with construction from a microscopic level to the finished piece of architecture.
Mr Woodbury is also excited about a return to the low-tech basics and the ancient fundamentals of architecture and engineering - techniques as simple as structures facing the sun.
New Zealand Green Building Council chief executive Alex Cutler agrees that the eco-building movement, because of the trying political and global financial climate, "has been flying under the radar for a couple of years, but is back with a full force".
But with the launch of a government-backed energy performance rating system for office buildings this year, the focus on Christchurch's sustainable rebuild and the growing credibility of the Green Building Council's Green Star rating in new building design, "awareness of green building continues to track upwards".
Certified sustainable buildings are easier to rent, have higher asset values, encourage greater productivity and cost less to run, Mr Cutler says.
"Global evidence exists, and we're continuing to build on that body of data here in New Zealand."
- The Dominion Post
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Guest Post: The Coming Collapse Of The Petrodollar System
Authored by Andrew McKillop,
The theory of Petrodollar Warfare can be attributed to US analyst and author William R Clarke, and his 2005 book of that title which interpreted the US-UK decision to invade Iraq in 2003. He called this an "oil currency war", but the concept of the petrodollar system and petrodollar recyling dates back to the eve of the first Oil Shock in 1973-1974. The role of the petrodollar system as a driving force of US foreign policy is explained by analysts and historians as basic to maintaining the dollar's status as the world's dominant reserve currency - and the currency in which oil is priced.
The term "petrodollar warfare" as used by William R. Clark says that major international war, legal or not, was seen as justified to protect the petrodollar system. Over and above the loss of human life, the combined costs of the Afghan and Iraq wars for the US are controversial like the interpretation of these wars as "oil wars", but analysts like Joseph Stiglitz and Linda Bilmes put the total combined war cost at above $4 trillion. This can be compared with - and totally dwarfs - the annual cost of US oil imports, which are now sharply declining on a year-in year-out basis as domestic shale oil output ramps up, and US oil demand stagnates.
Clarke's theory, like the explanation of the role and power of the "petrodollar system" depends on two basic drivers. Most major developed countries rely on oil imports, which are purchased using dollars, so they are forced to hold large stockpiles of dollars in order to continue importing oil. In turn this also creates consistent demand for dollars, and prevents the dollar from losing its relative international monetary value, regardless of what happens to the US economy.
Variants of the Petrodollar War concept include the role of oil currency conflicts and rivalry, notably concerning US relations with Iran, Venezuela and Russia, and possibly with Europe concerning the gradual replacement of US dollars with the euro, for oil transactions. More important, the entire petromoney system and the potential for Petrodollar War hinges on global oil import demand and the oil price. Both of these have to hold up. When or if they do not, foreign oil importer nations who formerly found it beneficial to hold dollars to pay for oil, would have to find some other (unexplained) reason for huge holdings of dollars, when their oil imports decline and-or oil prices also decline.
The "currency war" variant of the petrodollar system theory, holding that a shift to notably euros or gold for oil payments would undermine the system, is unrealistic when given any serious analysis, because all world moneys are interchangeable or convertible, and gold is priced in US dollars.
These are easy to define.
1974-1986 The first phase. The 1972 start of "petrodollar recycling" initiated by Nixon and Kissinger just before the fivefold rise in oil prices of 1973-74, set the process of US-Saudi Arabian cooperation for the near-exclusive benefit of these two players. The US dollar was "backstopped" by the transfer of Saudi liquidities to the US Federal Reserve system banks, especially the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. A small number of other chosen central banks, especially the Bank of England, and the central banks of Germany, France, Italy and Japan also benefitted.
1986-1999 The second phase. This also featured US and Saudi control, but under Clinton's two mandates the focus radically changed to the controlled deflation or reduction of both oil prices and the world value of the US dollar. While the US continued to benefit from "petrodollar recycling", Saudi Arabia was the major loser, undoubtedly changing its perceptions of the system's utility to KSA.
2000-2013 The third and last phase. This period featured a major longterm rise in oil prices and the entry not in force, but progressively of the euro currency into the now enlarged "petromoney recycling" process. Euros now cover about 25% of global oil transactions, for an annual value of around €700 billion, with about the same amount of back-to-back additional lquidities. The massive growth of QE and central bank "easing", from 2008, has heavily reduced the role of "petromoney recycling".
Among the major changes of the petromoney system during these 3 phases, the first phase set the basic political concept among US deciders that "petrodollar recycling" could at one and the same time enable the US to run huge trade and budget deficits, low or very low interest rates, and prevent the collapse of the dollar's value due to the forced need of all world buyers of oil to hold US dollars to make purchases of oil. By the second phase, this underlying concept shaded to including non-oil assets as the focus of value manipulation, controlled inflation and controlled deflation of value. In the third phase, massive increases of the oil price to 2008 played a major role in enabling the continued depreciation of the dollar's world value as US sovereign debt also massively increased, but since 2008 and the start of central bank QE the need for, and role of the petrodollar system have heavily contracted.
Estimates of the exact size and role of petrodollars and petroeuros in the international money system, finance system, and economic system are varied. Many analysts however say the minimum role of the petrodollar system is to create, back-to-back, liquidities at least equivalent to the transaction value of the world oil trade, which for crude and products is about $3.4 trillion-a-year. Combined, the approximate minimum total $6.8 trillion annual value of oil trade plus the petromoney system is about 10% of world annual GNP, equivalent to about 45% of US annual GDP. This may appear as still large and important but has to be compared with, for example, the exposure of national private banks only in Europe in relation to national GDPs, which is often 300% - 400%.
Only QE can "plaster over" these liabilities.
Petromoney recycling is still treated by "the elites" as a critical prop to monetary system integrity, and explains why the USA is far from the only country depending on the system holding up. All oil producers, even smaller-sized, are beneficiaries the same way as all major developed nations' central banks, but the US is still the prime beneficiary. However, the basic supports for the system's operation - continuing high oil demand, high oil prices, and oil priced in dollars - have all weakened or are threatened, today. In particular when global oil demand declines or stagnates, and when oil prices decline, the dollars that will no longer be needed for global purchases of oil will return in massive amounts back to their country of origin, the USA. The consequences can only be dramatic, and threaten the start of a process completely unlike the Clinton-era controlled devaluation of the dollar's value along with the decline of oil prices consented by Saudi Arabia.
The now-menaced "petrodollar system" is also weakened because of worldwide change in the perception of oil and oil energy. From the dawn of the petroleum age to its accelerating twilight, today, geopolitical strategies concocted by developed nations featured the maintenance of secured access to world oil supplies. This was believed to be a win-win strategy for developed nation policy makers, and especially for US policy makers. From the 1970s and the first Oil Shock of 1973-1974, the only "morph' in this policy and strategy was to substitute expensive oil, for cheap oil.
For the USA's ability to run deficits and the petrodollar system, much higher oil prices were a major gain, not a loss, and this is almost surely still the perception of the Obama administration today.
In its first phase and last phase, the economic and political incentives for ensuring national access to oil supplies, and the existence of the petrodollar system as a monetary and finance tool - unrelated to the economy - worked better with higher oil prices. Today however, with the major and massive changes of oil resource availability revealed by the shale energy revolution, rising global oil production capabilities, stagnating oil demand, and rising renewable energy supplies in all major developed countries, and the constantly declining role of oil in the economy, the Petrodollar System's days are surely numbered, like the notion that $100-oil prices are "normal".
The impact of this will be massive.
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The war machine will bleed the $ machine to death.
I have to give this article by Andrew McKillop a 1 out of 5 because so many details are left out and overlooked nor does it make the apprpriate connections concerning the petrodollar, Sauda Arabias/USTs as well it does not cover the SWIFT payment system, Libya's gold Dinar and the banking cartel which perpetuates this scam. If you want the best analysis on the petrodollar without BS and propaganda I would recommend these 3 articles by Jim Willie.
The Coming Isolation of USDollar
USDollar: Ring-Fenced & Checkmate
Financial Treachery & Harsh Consequences
These were not wars. Just enhanced interrogation techniques.
BRICS Currency: Gold and Debt Based Money
The executive Life Boats are now loaded with Gold, and will depart for China/Asia as soon as the going gets tough...so long Muppets, and thanks for all the Fish!
It's too long to write in here!
actually no it's not too long to write here. the Spanish imperial system was always superior to the English one...so how did the English one "win out" so to speak in the end? "Blood, sweat and tears" in my opinion...and so it is with this "American (French?) thingy" currently going on in the Eastern Med and Mali. it has to be financed of course so the "easiest" way is to limit the scope and scale of the war effort itself. good luck with that. wars are inherently expansionary in a fiat world...there's always a bid in the market by their very definition thus vast speculations (most not successful i might add...although this one sure is beyond belief doing well) arise. they are not based on anything really...just the supposition that "by definition no one can turn a war machine off" and "no one will either." the economists "job" as it were then is merely to "trim the cream off the excess" (for himself of course) and that "cream" is oil, natural gas, distillates, etc that appear for all intents and purposes to have "immutable" pricing power. of course this is a highly diversified economy here in the USA..."not our first rodeo" when it comes to the World War thingy...so there is a lot of accounting involved in paying for these things...something Wall Street is VERY good at. so sure...oil companies have done a great job...amazing job actually...of creating product...but it will never show up in the stock price the way it does in a railroad stock because railroads are in fact "the war effort." God forbid if they become the means to pay for said activity. you know as in "they'll buy your gold mine, they'll buy your oil wells, they'll buy your utility" etc. all with zero debt of course. did i mention Government subsidies?
The "currency war" variant of the petrodollar system theory, holding that a shift to notably euros or gold for oil payments would undermine the system, is unrealistic when given any serious analysis, because all world moneys are interchangeable or convertible, and gold is priced in US dollars.
er... what? How can the author write an entire article confirming the petrodollar thesis and then write that?
Of course 'world moneys are interchangeable'... that's beside the point. They're interchangeable for dollars, which are required to buy oil (at least 75% of it, according to this article) thus propping up the value of the USD and supporting the whole petrodollar system/world 'reserve' (LOL) currency thingy.
this is my whole purpose for "smack talking" by the way. "to generate interest within an otherwise pretty boring...but smart...article." this is how we humans actually communicate. we need to be smart...but in the end it's all about chasing tail.
local currencies, local production, local control. all else is slavery
The question is who's tail are you chasing and have you considered the possibility it might be your own?
"Circular logic aka mental masturbation......" lol
I don't think the author is just talking smack to generate interest. His assertion is that the lessening supply is forcing dollars home, and that a switch to gold wouldn't matter because you would still have to purchase gold with dollars in order to purchase the oil. The Euro is being largely propped up by Dollar swaps and other such schemes so much the same argument could be made for that as well. The Collusion of central banks in the "race to the bottom" is effectively making all fiat currencies "interchangeable" But, I think he, like a lot of others, just refuses to understand "money" -- In any free exchange, the commodity or service is priced in terms of what the exchange medium represents - commodities or services provided in the past. Gold for Oil and Oil for Gold is a Barter transaction when the gold or the Oil cannot be directly traded for other goods. The second you CAN use gold or Oil for a future exchange of other goods without exchanging it for some "money" then the commodity becomes "money" - and that changes the entire nature of the transaction. The directly exchangeable commodity is no longer priced in terms of dollars, but will float against other currencies just as the dollar floats now. The concept of the Petrodollar is based on the fact that OIL is a required commodity, and Like Salt in the ancient world, Oil would be money - and directly traded between countries - if it were more directly portable and consumable. The Powers that Be have placed an articfical restriction that prevents oil from being used directly, and mandates the dollar be used as a proxy in those transactions. The Euro ( mantinained in collusion with the Dollar) probably isn't a threat to the system if it is used as the proxy instead - since the Euro is effectively now a proxy for the dollar. If Gold becomes money again, and is increasingly used as "money" in international trade, it will become impossible to mandate any fiat currency (Euro, Dollar, Yuan, etc) be used as a proxy for the oil. Gold, unlike the oil, is portable (though not really consumable) and therefore could be used just as easily as any Fiat coinage. Gold also isn't "contolled" in the way a Fiat is.. There is only one source od dollars in the world. There are multiple sources of gold. . China is pulling ( and keeping) piles of it that they pulled from the ground. They certainly didn't pay "dollars" to get it. For this reason Gold is always the currency of last resort- when no one's Fiat can be trusted.
The Author is right - as long as Gold is a commoidity priced in dollars, a switch to gold will be meaningless. However the second that gold becomes money, freely exchangeable for other things as a currency, not as a barterable commodity, the Dollar ( and other fiats ) are done. However, gold arising as currency probably requires that the dollar decend - and the process could happen quickly or slowly - but happen it will because the US Government has ensured it via QE. The Dollar was originally backed with Gold, and the world used it and trusted it because it was freely exchangeable for the currency of last resort. Then once the world was hooked, FDR pulled the rug out and Nixon finished the job after another generation. If and when Gold gains traction as a currency, I fully expect China to "back" their currency with some amount of gold - effectively making thier fiat the new "proxy" for gold, and attempt to use that same trick, in a bid for the worlds new reserve currency. None of that will matter much to those in the United States of course, as the Dollar collapse will bring massive poverty, social turmoil and probably a civil war.
Great post, but the US is not going to sit back and allow this to happen. They will use the military force to maintain the dollars reserve currency status. My gut tells me that before the dollar collapse occurs all hell will break lose in a major world war. The outcome of this future conflict will determine the fate of the dollar.
While it's true that noooobody does it like Jimbo....
Andrew McK is a whole big cut above ....Oil Dr[umb]... Strat[poor] and the usual implants from the MSM inserted here...
I say .... welcome aboard Andy!*
*besides, he's Flakey's worst warmist nightmare!
"A bank run in gold bullion banks. It's a vault run.
Wealthy investors are asking for their gold, and some are finding out it's not there.
Back in 2011 and 2012, you had an important event every three of four months. Now, it's every two or three weeks. So, the mean time between failures is rapidly declining.
Before, they were talking about stress tests. Now, they realize that all of them in the past were a fraud. So, they are talking about 'bail-ins' because they are expecting failures
It's all coming to a climax where gold is going to be central with a gold-trade central bank and gold priced at $7,000 per ounce."
Same article as mine above. LOL
if i put my gold on a railroad car (a very secure rail car i would hope) is that gold accounted for? (i would imagine i would a: have to own the gold and b: have to pay the railroad a large sum of money to keep it "off the books" as it were.) i imagine banks can do the same thing of course. or can they? you all are the experts on this stuff...you tell me?
This article is a terse yet concise summation of many years of the NWO chess game for world domination to anyone that has been keeping track of history, details are for noobs.
The details determine the timeline of life-expectancy. It's not just the petrodollar and (physical oil vs. paper oil volumes) inflating demand for USD, all commodities traded in dollars do this (which are dwarfed by paper counter parts), and the banksters then inflated this demand with the explosion of currency and interest rate derivatives.
on a roll...keep it coming. totally spot on.
I remember when I used to think $60.000.00 annual was a benchmark. If you are making 60K, you aren't THE MAN, but you are getting by just fine. Now, if you are making 60K and the only one pulling in a check in your house, you are screwed. How did that happen. Then, it gets better. All the jobs that the job creators create--- THEY AIN'T PAYIN' NO 60K. No Sir. So let's break this down. 60K = 5K a month. Then 20% of that is for FICA, WICA, STATE, FED, BLAH BLAH BLAH. OK, now out of that whoping 4K, you have to pay rent, groceries, car payment, utilities, gas, etc, etc. OK, now how much do you have left? HMMMMMMM? and now you are telling me that the dollar is about to be devalued? If we lose our place as world reserve currency, then how much does "average joe" really make and take home? yeah, this ain't going to end well when... this guy, average joe, is not even the worst case scenario. What is going to happen? You are going to have a nation of average joe's losing their marbles and flipping out coz they can't keep their worlds glued together...
Not to worry. The dollar will soon be backed by agriculture. You can't eat gold. China is accumulating gold but needs food. America will get their gold by selling them food. Americans can all get jobs as peasants tilling the land of the Rockefellers et al. See, it's all working out.
Well, this is my plan anyway, now about that fresh water, honeybees and other essential nutrients...
Re: "The impact of this will be massive."
Talk about a cliffhanger! The article seems like a preamble, stopping abruptly just as you're thinking "Yeah, we get that; NOW what?!"
He needs to take it to the next stage by outlining the decisions that need to be made quickly by major participants.
You can fire all the cannons and missiles you like, but at some point, YOU HAVE PRODUCE SOMETHING THAT OTHER PEOPLE WANT. Banksters seem hellbent to prove otherwise, but the fact remains that DEBT IS NOT WEALTH. YOU CAN PRINT UNTIL YOU'RE BLUE IN THE FACE, BUT IT WILL NEVER REPLACE A REAL ECONOMY. LET MARKETS WORK. STOP TRYING TO PLAY GOD.
The crazy thing about manufacturing... All America still manufactures is high tech weapon systems. And by definition, you can't really be exporting that.
non working link... try this:
@ Lore
very interesting video, thanks
While I agree with your sentiment, to understand Empire, ask the question:
Producing what, that who wants?
The USA produces a wide and complex array of products for a sector of the global economy which we might call, "the market for Global Enforcement Services."
The USA is the world's foremost provider of Global Enforcement Services. Not only do they produce the most, they also are regarded as a reliable and credible producer of armed force for export, world-wide.
No other Enforcement Services provider can offer the quantity, quality, and variety of Enforcement Services offered by the USA. The USA has a superb track record of being able to promptly and dependably blow people up, or lay waste to towns, or blockade harbours, or kidnap and torture people, anywhere on the planet, at any time. Given just a few weeks' notice, the USA can invade and occupy any non-nuclear country.
Who else in the world can offer Enforcement Services with comparable speed and reach? Not Russia. Nor China. Nor the lesser NATO allies. The USA has no peer competitor in the Global Enforcement Services market.
So when global capitalists, from time to time, require Enforcement Services to keep their planetary wealth redistribution model running smoothly, they look to the world's foremost provider of such services: the USA.
Third World country defaulting on debt? Hire the USA to blow them up.
Minor powers trying to preserve sovereignty in the face of the globalization juggernaut? Hire the USA to sanction them, and perhaps blow them up later, if they don't have some sort of arranged "colour revolution" first.
Now non-USA elites do have some mixed feelings about these transactions. They understand that USA elites are taking advantage of the USA's near-monopoly position in Global Enforcement Services. probably think the prices are too high, and that the provider is not sufficiently sensitive to their needs. Some non-USA elites would prefer to be able shop around a bit.
But it's hard to become a Global Enforcement Services provider. The initial capital investment required is enormous. The lead time is very long. Even if the investments are made, consumers might be reluctant to take a risk on purchasing services from an unproven provider.
e.g. would European bankers want to risk hiring China to sanction, blockade, invade, occupy and torture a Middle Eastern country? First of all China would have to build a blue water navy and a proper orbital surveillance platform. Then China would have to demonstrate to the customers' satisfaction its ability and will to spend years in demolishing other countries, and to abduct and torture people around the world in support of a geopolitical goal. Aside from Tibet, China lacks that sort of credibility. Indeed, the USA itself had to spend several decades establishing its brand identity in the Global Enforcement Services marketplace.
So when you ask the question: what does the USA produce, and for whom, the answer is that the USA produces Global Enforcement Services, and the consumers are not only the imperial US elite, but imperialists around the world also purchase the USA's enforcment services. Payment is rendered in the form of the USA's "exorbitant privilege."
Things only get really interesting if there is a groundswell of interest in alternative providers, or if there is widespread nuclear proliferation which would obsolete many parts of the enforcement services package.
Shale oil? Yeah, right...
Mr Willie has equal amounts of "BS and propoganda" in his perspective peppered with comments "The United States and its fascist allies" or "the events of September 2001 were the syndicate coming out party and the Patriot Act their Nazi Manifesto"
Whoa.... dude, BS & propoganda??? Jim's indeed a peppery\spicy taco.... but what BS could you be referring to?
oh.... I gets it now... propoganda... apropos of Pogo... you be prop-0-sin that Jimbo be closin in ...
on the enemy within! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I06T6M6R0Cc ....we have met the enemy... and he is....????
"BIG" Jim Willie.... talking with Greg Hunter... on a thread of Andy McKillop - "NAZI BANKERS" says JIM>
with soundtrack by RUSH!.....Phukkin A dude! ....it doesn't get any better than this!
you some kinda retard dude?
A subscription to JWs newsletter for 6 months costs 110 USD and I have just renewed. It is better then any other of the "big picture" newsletters because it pulls no punches and is well argued. None of what he writes is in any way implausible. Other newsletter writers don't want to scare their subscribers off, or they fear "reprisals". His big edge are the "sources" - I have so far seen no evidence that they are implausible, either.
Jim Willie's Golden Jackass website appears to be down since yesterday. Hacked?
ZH is the only one to comment on the petrodollar system. If not for ZH i would not even know it existed. Still, for the lack of info and what was not said i give this article a 3. Tyler is getti ng soft now that ZH is so big. At least specify the usa invaded Iraq bc he refused to sell oil in us dollars. Tell the wholr story tyler dont wimp out on us.
This is not Tyler's story... it's Andrew McKillops'. And people need to do a little diligence on who dude is. I've enjoyed his pieces on Market Oracle for the last year or so, because he brings a fresh perspective into the energy side of things that is not available from anywhere else. Anywhere. Get it? We actually do have a good mix of people bringing the perspective which you(and others here) claim to be fatallly absent from this piece. Too much shallow static in the background here ...
The inclusion of this author in the mix here would be a major win for everybody... except 'the usual suspects'... whose modus operandi is to stifle that which threatens their primacy.
I smell a rat.. and I'm calling it out. This guy is best in category. Somebody(or other) doesn't wish to see him here. You know where I stand on the whole middle eastern issue. Now stand and deliver naysayers.
"ZH is the only one to comment on the petrodollar system".... you need to get out more.
Welcome aboard, Andrew McKillop.
The coming introduction of LENR technology in the form of Rossi's Hot-Cat is likely to make the US dollar lose a lot of its value in the global markets as it devalues petroleum itself.
Read and understand the fine print.... at worst it is a scam, at best it is merely a fuel cell... The longer things go on, the more likely it is the former even it does prove to be a fuel cell...
Dude, I have read it. and some other engineers I know have read it, and a few that are scientists.
The seven scientists who were involved in the test have professional careers at stake and they wont destroy those careers for Rossi.
The tests are legit as a scientist can do them or they wouldnt have released this report.
And the report uses low-ball estimates throughout, getting a COP of 6 then running the machine under slower conditions got a COP of 3. And they ran it for four days then five, which is way too long for a fuel cell to run and be hidden inside that tube.
This thing does much better than a COP of 6, and a COP of 3 is truly revolutionary.
It ain;t what it is advertised to be.... The fact that a former con artists is involved should be a tell.., That is all...
Rossi is not a con artist, and has no criminal record. The charges against him were concocted by corrupt officials who were trying to shake Rossi down.
He was sent to prison but later acquitted of ALL charges.
Dont buy the bullshit that TPTB are selling. They want to monopolize this before the public is even aware of it.
The End of Dollar Hegemony by Ron Paul (2006): http://www.lewrockwell.com/paul/paul303.html
we got QE and a War Machine now. Move along...
Both are way overrated.
No dice.
"they are not a benefit" i agree. in fact i would argue they are a detriment...but in order to do this we must define a benefit first. for example "palliative care." by definition this is a LEGAL and Governmental enterprise then yes? "shall we talk entitlements as well"? these simple words can have POWERFUL meanings.
Saddam Hussien and Kadaffi both wanted to go to the gold only standard for oil, look what they got.
It's only a matter of time with the idiot Obama running this country.
Obama is just a cog in the machine.
Obama running the country?
CEO running the company?
Kings running the kingdom?
The advisers do. Top guys are figure heads to calm the masses.
Will the Petrodollar system simply die if the rest of the world simply priced oil in terms of gold?
I think so.


text:
Eyes and Beholders: WoW Battle Pets
Pets by Family Magic Eyes and Beholders
Select a pet:
Arcane Eye
Pet Battle: [17-18] Deadwind Pass
Darkmoon Eye — [Darkmoon Eye]
Quest: Darkmoon Pet Battle! [1]
Zone: Darkmoon Island
Drop: Darkmoon Pet Supplies
Approximate Drop Rate: 1 in 56
Eye of Observation — [Eye of Observation]
Drop: Orumo the Observer [??]
Zone: Talador
Approximate Drop Rate: 1 in 7
Willy — [Sleepy Willy]
World Event: Children's Week
Quest: Back to the Orphanage [60]
TIP: You can customize and track your pet collection right here at WarcraftPets to share it with other avid pet collectors, like you!


text:
Your name
Your email
Recipient's Name
Recipient's Email
Here's a fun quilt pattern I designed at eQuilter.
They have the best fabrics and patterns.
If you Log in to your wish list, your items will also appear in the fabric selector.
Click on Add to Cart when your pattern is ready.
Customize your pattern by dragging thumbnail images to the pattern.
Pattern designed by Larene Smith of The Quilted Button and eQuilter.
Jo Doherty, Louisiana
August 1, 2012
Sandra Elliott, Victoria Australia
December 27, 2015
Penny Holliday, Chino Hills, CA
June 11, 2012
Sandra Eich-Koester, USA
December 14, 2011


text:
Just how much does it cost to watch the Lathrop City Council on your local public access television?
When a city revises its "sphere of influence" map to designate areas in which it plans on expanding into, more often than not it grows.
Everybody knows that riding a bike and eating healthy are good for you.
Water and sewer rates in Lathrop are officially going up.
Well I hit my first real hurdle in the month-long process of trying to get myself healthy and back into shape.
Sometimes you just want ice cream.
Mark Elliott has to hit the ground running.
MODESTO – So you have some friends in town and you want to show them some of the best public art that the San Joaquin Valley has to offer.
Robert Duchaine will be coming to the MRPS Hall on Saturday night to bring his own distinct brand of comedy to the community.
Two years ago Lathrop used 76.75 million gallons of water for the month of December.
Ashley Drain no longer has the threat of a $25,000 failure to appear bench warrant hanging over her head.
Progress is a beautiful thing.
A Manteca man disappeared on Saturday when he reportedly jumped from a fishing boat near Skinner Island in Solano County.
The message from the San Joaquin County Superior Court to Ashley Drain was quite simple.
MODESTO – They say that breakfast is the most important meal of the day.
Page 3 of 197
It's already one of the most advanced and popular skate parks in San Joaquin County.
In Northern India it's a festival to celebrate nature's bountiful harvest.
To say that Park Street in Lathrop is blighted would be an understatement.
At first I didn't believe the numbers.
Manteca Unified trustee Sam Fant claims that selective political prosecution is to blame for the decision by the San Joaquin County District Attorney's office ...
The wet winter season might have cut down on Lathrop's ability to maintain its ability to exceed the 25 percent water use reduction it ...
The growth might not be there yet, but Lathrop will be prepared when companies come calling.
If the Manteca Unified School District doesn't make structural changes to their budget, it's possible that by next year it won't be ...
Brenda Padilla scanned the walls inside of the Manteca Unified boardroom and marveled at the work of her fellow students.
The report filed by a Lathrop Manteca Fire Department Battalion Chief tells a completely different story than the one that NextGeneration STEAM Academy Principal Leslie ...
College prep is a big component of secondary education.
The third Manteca Unified school board trustee to be charged with election fraud in the last 12 months is claiming that it's an attempt ...
A principal from a Lathrop charter school is alleging that an administrator from the Lathrop Manteca Fire District has been intimidating both her and her ...
It was gone.
Editor's note: Bulletin reporter Jason Campbell and Bulletin photographer Hime Romero spent an afternoon getting a snapshot of downtown Manteca. They examined the good ...
Page 1 of 5
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The First Lady will make her third appearance on Letterman's show next Wednesday, August 29, as part of her back-to-school media tour. She's expected to discuss how to help parents get their kids ready to return to the classroom and healthy changes to school lunch programs nationwide. Michelle Obama first appeared on Letterman's show on March 19 and most recently in June when she was promoting her gardening book, American Grown: The Story Of The White House Kitchen Garden And Gardens Across America. Just last week she appeared on The Tonight Show With Jay Leno alongside Olympic gold medalist Gabby Douglas.
Michelle Obama Returning To 'Late Show With David Letterman'
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1 Comment
i santos • on Aug 31, 2012 1:04 pm
I met Mrs.Obama during the last election.I was immediately taken in by her warmth,grace and intelligence.Her love for her family was obvious and very appealng.I try not to miss any show she is appearing on.
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- Funeral home donates services for beaten 5-year-old in Ohio Updated: May-04-16 8:22 am
MIDDLETOWN, Ohio - A funeral home is donating its services for the funeral and visitation for a 5-year-old boy whose mother has been charged with murder in his beating death.
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- Teen pleads guilty to attempted murder in cafeteria shooting Updated: Apr-28-16 5:49 pm
HAMILTON, Ohio - A 15-year-old boy pleaded guilty Thursday to charges expected to keep him locked up at least until he's 21 for opening fire on fellow students in a school cafeteria for reasons that remain unclear.
- The Latest: Ohio teen pleads guilty in cafeteria shooting Updated: Apr-28-16 3:50 pm
HAMILTON, Ohio - The Latest on the 15-year-old student charged in Ohio school cafeteria shootings. (all times local):