text:
This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue?
A Framework for Enterprise Java
Version: 2.0.0.CR2
Table of Contents
Introduction to JBoss Seam .............................................................................................................. xi 1. Seam Tutorial ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Try the examples ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1. Running the examples on JBoss AS .......................................................................... 1 1.1.2. Running the examples on Tomcat ............................................................................. 1 1.1.3. Running the example tests ........................................................................................ 1 1.2. Your first Seam application: the registration example ........................................................... 2 1.2.1. Understanding the code ............................................................................................ 2 18.104.22.168. The entity bean: User.java ............................................................................. 3 22.214.171.124. The stateless session bean class: RegisterAction.java ...................................... 5 18.104.22.168. The session bean local interface: Register.java ................................................ 6 184.108.40.206. The Seam component deployment descriptor: components.xml ........................ 6 18.104.22.168. The web deployment description: web.xml ..................................................... 7 184.108.40.206. The JSF configration: faces-config.xml .......................................................... 8 18.104.22.168. The EJB deployment descriptor: ejb-jar.xml ................................................... 8 188.8.131.52. The EJB persistence deployment descriptor: persistence.xml ........................... 9 220.127.116.11. The view: register.xhtml and registered.xhtml ................................................ 9 22.214.171.124. The EAR deployment descriptor: application.xml ....................................... 10 1.2.2. How it works ........................................................................................................ 11 1.3. Clickable lists in Seam: the messages example ................................................................... 11 1.3.1. Understanding the code .......................................................................................... 12 188.8.131.52. The entity bean: Message.java ..................................................................... 12 22.214.171.124. The stateful session bean: MessageManagerBean.java ................................... 13 188.8.131.52. The session bean local interface: MessageManager.java ................................ 14 188.8.131.52. The view: messages.jsp ............................................................................... 15 1.3.2. How it works ........................................................................................................ 16 1.4. Seam and jBPM: the todo list example ............................................................................... 16 1.4.1. Understanding the code .......................................................................................... 17 1.4.2. How it works ........................................................................................................ 22 1.5. Seam pageflow: the numberguess example ........................................................................ 22 1.5.1. Understanding the code .......................................................................................... 23 1.5.2. How it works ........................................................................................................ 28 1.6. A complete Seam application: the Hotel Booking example .................................................. 28 1.6.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 28 1.6.2. Overview of the booking example .......................................................................... 30 1.6.3. Understanding Seam conversations ......................................................................... 30 1.6.4. The Seam UI control library ................................................................................... 36 1.6.5. The Seam Debug Page ........................................................................................... 36 1.7. A complete application featuring Seam and jBPM: the DVD Store example ......................... 37 1.8. An example of Seam with Hibernate: the Hibernate Booking example ................................. 39 1.9. A RESTful Seam application: the Blog example ................................................................ 39 1.9.1. Using "pull"-style MVC ......................................................................................... 40 1.9.2. Bookmarkable search results page .......................................................................... 41 1.9.3. Using "push"-style MVC in a RESTful application .................................................. 44 2. Getting started with Seam, using seam-gen ............................................................................... 47 2.1. Before you start ................................................................................................................ 47 2.2. Setting up a new Eclipse project ........................................................................................ 47 2.3. Creating a new action ....................................................................................................... 49 JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2 ii
Seam - Contextual Components 2.4. Creating a form with an action .......................................................................................... 50 2.5. Generating an application from an existing database ........................................................... 51 2.6. Deploying the application as an EAR ................................................................................ 51 2.7. Seam and incremental hot deployment ............................................................................... 52 2.8. Using Seam with JBoss 4.0 ............................................................................................... 52 2.8.1. Install JBoss 4.0 .................................................................................................... 53 2.8.2. Install the JSF 1.2 RI ............................................................................................. 53 3. The contextual component model .............................................................................................. 54 3.1. Seam contexts .................................................................................................................. 54 3.1.1. Stateless context .................................................................................................... 54 3.1.2. Event context ........................................................................................................ 54 3.1.3. Page context .......................................................................................................... 55 3.1.4. Conversation context ............................................................................................. 55 3.1.5. Session context ...................................................................................................... 55 3.1.6. Business process context ........................................................................................ 56 3.1.7. Application context ............................................................................................... 56 3.1.8. Context variables ................................................................................................... 56 3.1.9. Context search priority ........................................................................................... 56 3.1.10. Concurrency model .............................................................................................. 57 3.2. Seam components ............................................................................................................ 57 3.2.1. Stateless session beans ........................................................................................... 58 3.2.2. Stateful session beans ............................................................................................ 58 3.2.3. Entity beans .......................................................................................................... 58 3.2.4. JavaBeans ............................................................................................................. 59 3.2.5. Message-driven beans ............................................................................................ 59 3.2.6. Interception ........................................................................................................... 59 3.2.7. Component names ................................................................................................. 60 3.2.8. Defining the component scope ................................................................................ 61 3.2.9. Components with multiple roles ............................................................................. 61 3.2.10. Built-in components ............................................................................................. 61 3.3. Bijection .......................................................................................................................... 62 3.4. Lifecycle methods ............................................................................................................ 64 3.5. Conditional installation ..................................................................................................... 64 3.6. Logging ........................................................................................................................... 65 3.7. The Mutable interface and @ReadOnly ............................................................................. 66 3.8. Factory and manager components ...................................................................................... 67 4. Configuring Seam components .................................................................................................. 70 4.1. Configuring components via property settings .................................................................... 70 4.2. Configuring components via components.xml .................................................................... 70 4.3. Fine-grained configuration files ......................................................................................... 73 4.4. Configurable property types .............................................................................................. 73 4.5. Using XML Namespaces .................................................................................................. 74 5. Events, interceptors and exception handling ............................................................................. 77 5.1. Seam events ..................................................................................................................... 77 5.1.1. Page actions .......................................................................................................... 77 220.127.116.11. Page parameters .......................................................................................... 78 220.127.116.11. Navigation ................................................................................................. 80 184.108.40.206. Fine-grained files for definition of navigation, page actions and parameters .... 82 5.1.2. Component-driven events ...................................................................................... 83 5.1.3. Contextual events .................................................................................................. 84 5.2. Seam interceptors ............................................................................................................. 85 5.3. Managing exceptions ........................................................................................................ 87
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Seam - Contextual Components 5.3.1. Exceptions and transactions ................................................................................... 87 5.3.2. Enabling Seam exception handling ......................................................................... 87 5.3.3. Using annotations for exception handling ................................................................ 88 5.3.4. Using XML for exception handling ........................................................................ 88 5.3.5. Some common exceptions ...................................................................................... 89 6. Conversations and workspace management .............................................................................. 91 6.1. Seam's conversation model ............................................................................................... 91 6.2. Nested conversations ........................................................................................................ 93 6.3. Starting conversations with GET requests .......................................................................... 93 6.4. Using <s:link> and <s:button> .......................................................................................... 94 6.5. Success messages ............................................................................................................. 95 6.6. Using an "explicit" conversation id .................................................................................... 96 6.7. Workspace management ................................................................................................... 97 6.7.1. Workspace management and JSF navigation ........................................................... 97 6.7.2. Workspace management and jPDL pageflow ........................................................... 97 6.7.3. The conversation switcher ...................................................................................... 98 6.7.4. The conversation list .............................................................................................. 98 6.7.5. Breadcrumbs ......................................................................................................... 99 6.8. Conversational components and JSF component bindings ................................................... 99 6.9. Concurrent calls to conversational components ................................................................ 100 6.9.1. RichFaces Ajax ................................................................................................... 101 7. Pageflows and business processes ............................................................................................ 103 7.1. Pageflow in Seam .......................................................................................................... 103 7.1.1. The two navigation models .................................................................................. 103 7.1.2. Seam and the back button ..................................................................................... 106 7.2. Using jPDL pageflows .................................................................................................... 107 7.2.1. Installing pageflows ............................................................................................. 107 7.2.2. Starting pageflows ............................................................................................... 107 7.2.3. Page nodes and transitions ................................................................................... 108 7.2.4. Controlling the flow ............................................................................................ 109 7.2.5. Ending the flow ................................................................................................... 109 7.2.6. Pageflow composition .......................................................................................... 109 7.3. Business process management in Seam ............................................................................ 110 7.4. Using jPDL business process definitions .......................................................................... 110 7.4.1. Installing process definitions ................................................................................ 111 7.4.2. Initializing actor ids ............................................................................................. 111 7.4.3. Initiating a business process ................................................................................. 111 7.4.4. Task assignment .................................................................................................. 111 7.4.5. Task lists ............................................................................................................ 111 7.4.6. Performing a task ................................................................................................ 112 8. Seam and Object/Relational Mapping ..................................................................................... 114 8.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 114 8.2. Seam managed transactions ............................................................................................ 114 8.2.1. Disabling Seam-managed transactions .................................................................. 115 8.2.2. Configuring a Seam transaction manager .............................................................. 115 8.2.3. Transaction synchronization ................................................................................. 116 8.3. Seam-managed persistence contexts ................................................................................ 116 8.3.1. Using a Seam-managed persistence context with JPA ............................................ 117 8.3.2. Using a Seam-managed Hibernate session ............................................................. 117 8.3.3. Seam-managed persistence contexts and atomic conversations ............................... 118 8.4. Using the JPA "delegate" ................................................................................................ 118 8.5. Using EL in EJB-QL/HQL .............................................................................................. 119
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Seam - Contextual Components 8.6. Using Hibernate filters .................................................................................................... 119 9. JSF form validation in Seam ................................................................................................... 121 10. Groovy integration ................................................................................................................ 125 10.1. Groovy introduction ..................................................................................................... 125 10.2. Writing Seam applications in Groovy ............................................................................ 125 10.2.1. Writing Groovy components .............................................................................. 125 10.2.1.1. Entity ..................................................................................................... 125 10.2.1.2. Seam component .................................................................................... 126 10.2.2. seam-gen ........................................................................................................... 127 10.3. Deployment ................................................................................................................. 127 10.3.1. Deploying Groovy code ..................................................................................... 127 10.3.2. Native .groovy file deployment at development time ............................................ 127 10.3.3. seam-gen ........................................................................................................... 127 11. The Seam Application Framework ........................................................................................ 129 11.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 129 11.2. Home objects ............................................................................................................... 130 11.3. Query objects ............................................................................................................... 133 11.4. Controller objects ......................................................................................................... 135 12. Seam and JBoss Rules ........................................................................................................... 136 12.1. Installing rules ............................................................................................................. 136 12.2. Using rules from a Seam component .............................................................................. 137 12.3. Using rules from a jBPM process definition ................................................................... 137 13. Security ................................................................................................................................. 139 13.1. Overview ..................................................................................................................... 139 13.1.1. Which mode is right for my application? ............................................................. 139 13.2. Requirements ............................................................................................................... 139 13.3. Disabling Security ........................................................................................................ 139 13.4. Authentication .............................................................................................................. 140 13.4.1. Configuration .................................................................................................... 140 13.4.2. Writing an authentication method ....................................................................... 140 184.108.40.206. Identity.addRole() ................................................................................... 141 13.4.3. Writing a login form .......................................................................................... 142 13.4.4. Simplified Configuration - Summary .................................................................. 142 13.4.5. Handling Security Exceptions ............................................................................. 143 13.4.6. Login Redirection .............................................................................................. 143 13.4.7. HTTP Authentication ......................................................................................... 144 18.104.22.168. Writing a Digest Authenticator ................................................................ 144 13.4.8. Advanced Authentication Features ...................................................................... 145 188.8.131.52. Using your container's JAAS configuration .............................................. 145 13.5. Error Messages ............................................................................................................ 145 13.6. Authorization ............................................................................................................... 145 13.6.1. Core concepts .................................................................................................... 145 13.6.2. Securing components ......................................................................................... 146 184.108.40.206. The @Restrict annotation ........................................................................ 146 18.104.22.168. Inline restrictions .................................................................................... 147 13.6.3. Security in the user interface .............................................................................. 147 13.6.4. Securing pages .................................................................................................. 148 13.6.5. Securing Entities ............................................................................................... 148 184.108.40.206. Entity security with JPA .......................................................................... 150 18.104.22.168. Entity security with Hibernate .................................................................. 150 13.7. Writing Security Rules .................................................................................................. 150 13.7.1. Permissions Overview ....................................................................................... 150
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Seam - Contextual Components 13.7.2. Configuring a rules file ...................................................................................... 150 13.7.3. Creating a security rules file ............................................................................... 151 220.127.116.11. Wildcard permission checks .................................................................... 152 13.8. SSL Security ................................................................................................................ 152 13.9. Implementing a Captcha Test ........................................................................................ 153 13.9.1. Configuring the Captcha Servlet ......................................................................... 153 13.9.2. Adding a Captcha to a page ................................................................................ 154 13.9.3. Customising the Captcha image .......................................................................... 154 14. Internationalization and themes ............................................................................................ 156 14.1. Locales ........................................................................................................................ 156 14.2. Labels .......................................................................................................................... 156 14.2.1. Defining labels .................................................................................................. 157 14.2.2. Displaying labels ............................................................................................... 157 14.2.3. Faces messages ................................................................................................. 158 14.3. Timezones ................................................................................................................... 158 14.4. Themes ........................................................................................................................ 158 14.5. Persisting locale and theme preferences via cookies ........................................................ 159 15. Seam Text ............................................................................................................................. 160 15.1. Basic fomatting ............................................................................................................ 160 15.2. Entering code and text with special characters ................................................................ 161 15.3. Links ........................................................................................................................... 162 15.4. Entering HTML ........................................................................................................... 162 16. iText PDF generation ............................................................................................................ 163 16.1. Using PDF Support ...................................................................................................... 163 16.1.1. Creating a document .......................................................................................... 163 16.1.2. Basic Text Elements .......................................................................................... 164 16.1.3. Headers and Footers .......................................................................................... 167 16.1.4. Chapters and Sections ........................................................................................ 168 16.1.5. Lists ................................................................................................................. 169 16.1.6. Tables ............................................................................................................... 170 16.1.7. Document Constants .......................................................................................... 172 220.127.116.11. Color Values .......................................................................................... 173 126.96.36.199. Alignment Values ................................................................................... 173 16.1.8. Configuring iText .............................................................................................. 173 16.2. Charting ....................................................................................................................... 174 16.3. Bar codes ..................................................................................................................... 180 16.4. Further documentation .................................................................................................. 181 17. Email ..................................................................................................................................... 182 17.1. Creating a message ....................................................................................................... 182 17.1.1. Attachments ...................................................................................................... 183 17.1.2. HTML/Text alternative part ............................................................................... 184 17.1.3. Multiple recipients ............................................................................................. 184 17.1.4. Multiple messages ............................................................................................. 184 17.1.5. Templating ........................................................................................................ 184 17.1.6. Internationalisation ............................................................................................ 185 17.1.7. Other Headers ................................................................................................... 185 17.2. Receiving emails .......................................................................................................... 185 17.3. Configuration ............................................................................................................... 186 17.3.1. mailSession ....................................................................................................... 186 22.214.171.124. JNDI lookup in JBoss AS ........................................................................ 186 220.127.116.11. Seam configured Session ......................................................................... 187 17.4. Meldware .................................................................................................................... 187
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
........ Asynchronous methods with the Quartz Dispatcher .9.............. The Context .......2......createType() ..............2.......2.............2.........................2................ Asynchronicity ....5....3....1...............................2....0.......2.......................................................7........................2................... 211 21........................................................................................Contextual Components 17....................2..................................Seam ........ 208 21................................... Conversational Web Services ..................................... 200 20...... 208 21.. Asynchronicity and messaging .................1.......................2.............7................CR2 vii .......................................getTypeName() ............................................. Debugging ..........................................................Remoting . 207 21...3.......... Configuration .8. 198 19............................. 207 21............. 210 21..... 194 18..............................................2................................ 211 JBoss Seam 2.......................... 200 20...... Messaging in Seam ...1........ Seam................... 206 21.......1...................................... 203 21.................. 204 21.......Component............... Asynchronous events ......................................................................................... Changing the message ......................................... Number ........9....................................... 209 21.........................2. Bags ......................................... 190 18..4......................newInstance() .....1. 203 21.....................................3.......................................................................................... The Loading Message ............................................4.................................................. 208 21........................ Working with Data types ..........................................getInstance() ......................... 207 21.... Seam......................................... 206 21.......................1.......................................2.................................................. 201 21.....1............................ 210 21................. 210 21......... The "Seam" object ........................ 206 21... 200 20........ 205 21... 190 18........Component................... A Custom Loading Indicator ................................................................................. Maps ................................ Hiding the loading message ........ Evaluating EL Expressions .........................................1............................................................ 190 18.............. A Hello World example ........................................................4...................... Seam...............1......................5................................9.......2.1.......................................2............................ 208 21............ Remoting .......9..............................2............................... 209 21............. 198 20..... 201 20. 206 21................................... JavaBeans ............. 206 21.........Remoting...............5................3.........2...... Configuration ............ 208 21.. 210 21.....2......... Boolean .......2......................2............1... Setting and reading the Conversation ID .........7................................... 208 21.............................7.. 194 18.............................................. Sending messages ...Remoting................................................................................................................. Asynchronous methods ...................................................1....Component ......7..........1...................... 203 21....................................................................getComponentName() ..................................................................2.................................... Page fragment caching ....... Receiving messages in the client ...................................................... Batch Requests ...............................................1.....3.....3. 192 18.............. 205 21.......................... Receiving messages using a message-driven bean ..... Primitives / Basic Types ........ 209 21....... 195 19..................2.................. Client Interfaces ........................................... 194 18....................5.................................................................. 187 18................................ Seam.............................................................................. Configuration and Packaging ..3............ Dates and Times .............................................1..............0................ An example web service .............................................................. 197 19................................................. Using JBossCache in Seam ...................................7..................2........3..... 210 21............. Remote calls within the current conversation scope ............1.......2...................................... 211 21............. Tags . 209 21.... Collections ............. 207 21................ Web Services ......................7............................................. Enums .......................Component.................... Seam..............1......................................................................................7.....................1.....7..........3........5..................................................................3........................................5......................3........5...................................................... 195 18........1..2........................................................6..................7............ A Recommended Strategy .. String ..........................................................................................................2..............1..................2............................................ Caching ..................2.............................2........................... Seam......7... 195 18... Seam........................2....................................................................................................1............................................................
....2... Hibernate Search ......................................................... 225 24..........3.....0....................................................1.... Seam Resource Servlet .............................1................ Subscribing to a JMS Topic ....................... 212 21.............. Making a Spring bean into a Seam component ....4.............2............2....... 229 25.........2........... Injecting Spring beans into Seam components ........3................4...................................... Spring Framework integration ......................................4........... Seam and the Google Web Toolkit .......................................................9................................ 231 25..................... Controlling what data is returned ...........................3..... Unsubscribing from a Topic .................... 215 22...............11.................................................................................1.............1.................. 235 25.......1......11..............................1............ 233 25............1................. 224 24............ Conversation propagation with redirects . Using a Seam Managed Persistence Context in Spring ......................................................... 228 25.......... Integrating Seam with JSF and your servlet container ................... 224 23.................................................. Character encoding ................11...10..................Seam .............................................. 219 23.. Configuration ...............................................11.............................................. Seam-scoped Spring beans ..........................................1.............3................... JMS Messaging .................................11............................................................. Introduction ....7.............5...3........................ Configuration ....................... 212 21.................................................................................................. 236 JBoss Seam 2..... 235 25....1......................................... Seam servlet filters .....4. 222 23...........................1................................................... Spring Application Context as a Seam Component .................................................... 225 24........4.....................................................1... 211 21....... 234 25.................. 212 21................1............1.1.......4...........................................................................1......................4.......................................... Adding custom filters .........3........... 235 25.........................3.................................... Configuring Seam in Java SE...................1................................................ Configuring Seam in J2EE ......................... 219 23.......... 228 25...... Packaging ...................... 221 23...8......................................... 228 25.... Constraining normal fields ... 220 23.............................. Context management for custom servlets ....... Constraining objects of a specific type ...............2.......................................... 231 25.......................................................................4.................... 230 25.....10.....4.... Integrating Seam with your EJB container ...........10.................. 225 24..................... Boostrapping JPA in Seam ........................... Packaging .... Hooking up a GWT widget to the Seam component ........... Injecting Seam components into Spring beans .. Using a Spring TaskExecutor for @Asynchronous ............................................ 212 21............2.................3................................ 215 22.............................................. 226 25....... Configuration ..............................................................1.......... Configuring Seam in Java EE 5 .....1............................. Tuning the Polling Process ...2....... 232 25................................. 236 25.... Exception handling .............. 213 21...... Combining Constraints ....................................................... 232 25.......0................................................................... 233 25..2.........7.........................................4..3...........6............... Preparing your component .....................................1........... Using facelets .......1........ 221 23........... 229 25..................................4................1.......................... GWT Ant Targets ............................................... 213 21.......3..........2..................................................... 229 25...........10..............8.................................... 213 21........................ Boostrapping Hibernate in Seam ....... 230 25................................................ Multipart form submissions ..........................4.... Using a Seam Managed Hibernate Session in Spring .......CR2 viii .......................... 213 22...................................................................................5................3..6.....1..10..... 215 22..................... Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications ............................................... Using Spring PlatformTransactionManagement ............. RichFaces ........4.5.... 217 23................................................................................. Constraining Maps and Collections ................................. Basic Seam configuration .......... 213 21....4....... Usage .....3...... Identity Logging ............. without JBoss Embedded .......................................6................................. 223 23...Contextual Components 21.............................4..................... 216 22....................... 222 23......2........................... Don't forget! ...................................... 231 25.............................................................1.. 228 25.......................................................................................................................................................................................................1.............................. 230 25...............................
..................9........................ 249 27........ Incompatibility with JSP 2.............................2....................................... Components for controlling conversations ................ 242 26. 264 28....................................................... Annotations for component definition ............................ 267 28..Contextual Components 25................................................................... 243 26............................. with JBoss Embedded .......................... Usage .............................................................1......... Annotations for integrating with the servlet container ........................10.................. Mail-related components ..... Extra dependencies required by OC4J ...............7.................................... Components for internationalization and themes .......................... Security-related components ..4................4.................................................................................................................... 261 27................................ Calling a MethodExpression from Java code ................................7. Parameterized Method Bindings . 288 30............................................................................................... JMS-related components .................................2.. Annotations for use with dataTable ................ 259 27.. 264 28................2.... 237 25.............. Expression language enhancements .............................1.....2...............5.....................................................5...............6.............................................................................1................................. Miscellaneous components ......................1. Configuring jBPM in Seam ..........2....................... 242 26...........................................7..2..................................... 270 28. jBPM-related components ...................................... 260 27...............................6................................................................................................... 250 27.................................1............... 273 28....................................3............1........................................1............1...................................................... Annotations . 270 28.......................................... Packaging ..... Meta-annotations for databinding ...........................13... 240 25................. Infrastructural components ....................................................... 240 26...............5................................................................................. Configuring Seam in a Portal ......... 242 26........................................................................................ OC4J Deployment Descriptors for the seam-gen'd application ...................................... 238 25..1........................................................1..3...... Annotations for use with Seam JavaBean components in a J2EE environment ................................... Configuring Seam in Java SE.....................5......................................................................................... Seam on OC4J .0..............11.................... Packaging .................................................. Configuring SFSB and Session Timeouts in JBoss AS ..................... Annotations for packaging ........................... Annotations for Seam interceptors ..................... 268 28................................................ Annotations for bijection ............1..................... 255 27........ Installing Embedded JBoss ........................2................... 266 28....... Annotations for context demarcation ............8...... Annotations for component lifecycle methods .....0........................................................ 270 28.....................CR2 ix ............. 291 JBoss Seam 2..............................1.................................................................1.. 245 26.............................................2..... 242 26..................... Annotations for exceptions ........8................................................................................ 275 29...................1....... Built-in Seam components ..... 258 27........ Special components .... Configuration file changes .......................4.. Seam JSF controls ....6.............10.......................................... Annotations for asynchronicity ......3........ 243 26. The jee5/booking example .......................... 261 27....... Annotations for Seam Remoting .............1. 262 27............ 255 27...............3..........2.................................... Utility components ......5.....................................................................2................. Seam annotations ........ 263 28................ 273 29........................9......................................... Context injection components ................ 259 27.........................................1........................1...................................... 252 27............ 262 27.. Tags ................6....................................11.... 291 30..............1 ........................................ 239 25........... 270 28.............................. Limitations ................ 264 28...........1............. 244 26... Deploying an application created using seam-gen to OC4J ........ 290 30..........................Seam ......... 260 27... 275 29..... 290 30.............................. 237 25...........8......................................................................................................... Annotations for use with JSF ........................ 238 25....................................................................12....3................. Booking Example Dependencies .......................................................................................................................................................1...................................................................................................... Deploying a Seam application to OC4J ........................... 290 30.......................................................1..................... Building the jee5/booking example ........... 290 30................. 250 27...................................................10.........
........................1............ 303 33......... 301 33..................... 301 33.................................................1...........................................................3................................................................ 299 33.............. Business process designer .................................................. JBoss Rules ................................... GWT ..........................0....................... Seam Mail ..........................2......................................................................... JBPM ...1................1.............. Project Dependencies .............................................................................................................................1.........4.....................1...................... Projection ................1................. 303 33....................8.................5......6..........1....... 299 32....................................................... Using mocks in integration tests .......................... jBPM designer and viewer ........................................1............2............................ Parameterized Value Bindings .............................2........................................................................ 294 31............................................. 301 33.......................................2....................................... 291 31..........1..................................1............................1............... Seam tools .............................1.....7.......................................................... 302 33.................. Groovy ... Pageflow viewer .........3.......................... RichFaces .......0........... Testing Seam applications ............... Dependency Management using Maven ........................................................................9............................................ 295 31.............. 293 31...1....................................2..........................................CR2 x ......................... Dependencies .............1.............................................................................Contextual Components 30............... Seam PDF .......................... Core .... Integration testing Seam components ..Seam ..........................................1............................................................................................................2.............................. Integration testing Seam application user interactions ..... 304 33............................ Spring ......... 304 33. 302 33........................................................ Unit testing Seam components ..1..................................... 299 32................... 299 32.... 304 33................. 295 32........ 303 33......................................3....................................... 291 30................... 293 31.......... 304 JBoss Seam 2.............................
were it not for Seam's built-in concurrency and state man- JBoss Seam 2. the creators of both models foresaw this situation and provided standard extension points to allow extension and integration with other frameworks. You can layer your application according to whatever architecture you devise. Meanwhile. Seam components may simultaneously access state associated with the web request and state held in transactional resources (without the need to propagate web request state manually via method parameters). including the longrunning.0 are two of the best new features of Java EE 5. Integrate JSF with EJB 3.0 JSF and EJB 3. It is possible to write Seam applications where "everything" is an EJB. nothing stops you creating an equivalent layered architecture using Seam—the difference is that you get to architect your own application and decide what the layers are and how they work together.Introduction to JBoss Seam Seam is an application framework for Enterprise Java. An EJB is a finegrained object—nothing more complex than an annotated JavaBean. Unlike plain Java EE or J2EE components. You might object that the application layering imposed upon you by the old J2EE platform was a Good Thing. Well. These solutions let you add AJAX capability to your user interface without the need to write any JavaScript code. eliminating glue code. with the state associated with any one of several well-defined contexts.0 has completely changed the nature of EJB from the point of view of the developer. version 3. so-called "heavyweight" objects.CR2 xi . and Seam provides all the functionality that you expect from a "lightweight" container.0 at this time. Fortunately. business process context and the conversation context. persistent. which is preserved across multiple web requests in a user interaction. Integrated AJAX Seam supports the best open source JSF-based AJAX solutions: JBoss RichFaces and ICEfaces. for any component. Virtually any Java class may be a Seam component. JSF is a great component model for the presentation tier. But the Java EE 5 specification provides no standard way to integrate the two component models.0. You can ever subscribe to server-side JMS topics and receive messages via AJAX push. Seam unifies the component models of JSF and EJB3. Seam even encourages you to use session beans as JSF action listeners! On the other hand. Alternatively. Indeed. EJB3 is a brand new component model for server side business and persistence logic. Unfortunately. and more. if you prefer not to adopt EJB 3.0. and letting the developer think about the business problem. A Seam component may be stateful. rather than being forced to shoehorn your application logic into an unnatural layering scheme forced upon you by whatever combination of stovepipe frameworks you're using today. Neither of these approaches would work well. neither component model is able to solve all problems in computing by itself. JSF and EJB3 work best used together. you don't have to. Seam provides a built-in JavaScript remoting layer that lets you call components asynchronously from client-side JavaScript without the need for an intermediate action layer. There is no distinction between presentation tier components and business logic components in Seam. EJB or otherwise. It is inspired by the following principles: One kind of "stuff" Seam defines a uniform component model for all business logic in your application. This may come as a surprise if you're used to thinking of EJBs as coarse-grained. However.
Seam provides transparent business process management via jBPM. Seam takes the concept of declarative state management much further and applies it to application state. application—with two new contexts—conversation and business process—that are more meaningful from the point of view of the business logic. just by assigning to an attribute of the component. Seam enhances this model by exposing jBPM's business process related events via exactly the same event handling mechanism. Most of these containers emphasize injection of components that implement stateless services. Have you ever suffered pain dealing with lazy association fetching in an ORM solution like Hibernate or JPA? Seam's conversation-scoped persistence contexts mean you'll rarely have to see a LazyInitializationException. Have you ever had problems with the refresh button? The back button? With duplicate form submission? With propagating messages across a post-then-redirect? Seam's conversation management solves these problems without you even needing to really think about them. Even when injection of stateful components is supported (such as in JSF). Seam even allows you to define presentation tier pageflow using the same language (jPDL) that jBPM uses for business process definition. These are three examples of a broader problem of managing state that is associated with a particular context. Bijection differs from IoC in that it is dynamic.0 even introduces declarative persistence context management. EJB 3. You won't believe how easy it is to implement complex workflows. You'll be amazed at how many things become easier once you start using conversations. providing a uniform event model for Seam's uniform component model. and bidirectional. Workspace management and multi-window browsing Seam applications let the user freely switch between multiple browser tabs. asynchronous AJAX requests are handled safely and efficiently on the server side. as well as in numerous so-called "lightweight containers".CR2 xii . which ensures that many concurrent fine-grained. They're all symptoms of the broken state management architecture has been prevalent since the earliest days of the web.0. it is virtually useless for handling application state because the scope of the stateful component cannot be defined with sufficient flexibility. You can think of it as a mechanism for aliasing contextual variables (names in the various contexts bound to the current thread) to attributes of the component. Bijection The notion of Inversion of Control or dependency injection exists in both JSF and EJB3. J2EE applications implement state management manually. Seam extends the context model defined by the servlet spec—request. Bijection allows auto-assembly of stateful components by the container. JSF provides an incredibly rich event model for the presentation tier. Declarative application state management is made possible by the richness of the context model defined by Seam. or when session data associated with different workflows collides in a multi-window application. Seam has the potential to almost entirely eliminate this class of bugs.0. and because components belonging to wider scopes may not be injected into components belonging to narrower scopes. contextual. session. while ensuring that all needed cleanup occurs when the context ends. Business process as a first class construct Optionally. This approach to state management is the source of many bugs and memory leaks when applications fail to clean up session attributes. each associated with a differJBoss Seam 2. by getting and setting servlet session and request attributes. collaboration and and task management using jBPM and Seam. It even allows a component to safely and easily manipulate the value of a context variable. Declarative state management We're all used to the concept of declarative transaction management and declarative security from the early days of EJB. Traditionally.Introduction to JBoss Seam agement.
0. You won't believe how little code is required! JBoss Seam 2.CR2 xiv .0. JSF and EJB3 is the simplest way to write a complex web application in Java.Introduction to JBoss Seam It turns out that the combination of Seam.
Next. make sure you set the location of your Tomcat 6. make sure you have Ant correctly installed. If you haven't already done so. any EJB3 components will run inside the JBoss Embeddable EJB3 container. "Installing Embedded JBoss" for installing JBoss Embedded on Tomcat 6.bat in the root directory of your JBoss installation. Next.0 installation in the build. a complete standalone EJB3 container environment. Seam Tutorial 1. Try it out by accessing http://localhost:8080/jboss-seam-registration/ [http://localhost:8080/jboss-seam-registration/] with your web browser. make sure you set the location of your JBoss AS 4. we'll assume that you have downloaded JBoss AS 4.1. start JBoss AS now by typing bin/run. The directory structure of each example in Seam follows this pattern: • • Web pages. Try it out by accessing http://localhost:8080/seam-registration/ [http://localhost:8080/seam-registration/] with your web browser. JBoss Embedded is required to run the Seam demo applications on Tomcat.xml 1. Try the examples In this tutorial. Running the examples on JBoss AS First. with $ANT_HOME and $JAVA_HOME set correctly.0 installation in the build. make sure you have Ant correctly installed.0. images and stylesheets may be found in examples/registration/view Resources such as deployment descriptors and data import scripts may be found in examples/registration/ resources • • Java source code may be found in examples/registration/src The Ant build script is examples/registration/build. start Tomcat. it is possible to use Seam on Tomcat without JBoss Embedded.1.2.) Now. Now. with $ANT_HOME and $JAVA_HOME set correctly.0.2.2.Chapter 1.sh or bin/ run.properties file in the root folder of your Seam installation.1.CR2 1 . build and deploy the example by typing ant deploy in the examples/registration directory.3. You should also have a copy of Seam downloaded and extracted to a work directory.0.properties file in the root folder of your Seam installation. 1.tomcat in the examples/registration directory. (However. You will need to follow the instructions in Section 25.1. 1.1. build and deploy the example by typing ant deploy. Running the examples on Tomcat First.1. Running the example tests JBoss Seam 2.0. When you deploy the example to Tomcat.5. Finally.
This will save a user object in the database. 1. The start page displays a very basic form with three input fields. it demonstrates the use of an EJB3 session bean as a JSF action listener. Understanding the code The example is implemented with two JSP pages.Seam Tutorial Most of the examples come with a suite of TestNG integration tests.1. Try filling them in and then submitting the form. and basic configuration of Seam. The easiest way to run the tests is to run ant testexample inside the examples/registration directory. It is also possible to run the tests inside your IDE using the TestNG plugin.0. one entity bean and one stateless session bean.0. However. We'll go slowly. Your first Seam application: the registration example The registration example is a fairly trivial application that lets a new user store his username.2. The example isn't intended to show off all of the cool functionality of Seam. real name and password in the database.0. 1.2.CR2 2 . JBoss Seam 2. since we realize you might not yet be familiar with EJB 3.
1.2. } public User() {} @NotNull @Length(min=5.1. It also needs some extra annotations that define the class as a Seam component. this. private String name.0. public User(String name. Example 1.1. @Entity @Name("user") @Scope(SESSION) @Table(name="users") public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1881413500711441951L.username = username. this.name = name. The entity bean: User.1. String username) { this. max=15) public String getPassword() (6) (7) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) JBoss Seam 2. via annotations.password = password. This class defines persistence and validation declaratively. private String password. String password.CR2 3 . starting from the "bottom". private String username.Seam Tutorial Let's take a look at the code.0.java We need an EJB entity bean for user data.
Seam Tutorial { return password. We'll see below that the properties of our User class are bound to directly to JSF components and are populated by JSF during the update model values phase. } @Id @NotNull @Length(min=5. } } (8) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) The EJB3 standard @Entity annotation indicates that the User class is an entity bean.0. The most important things to notice in this example are the @Name and @Scope annotations. An empty constructor is both required by both the EJB specification and by Seam. The @NotNull and @Length annotations are part of the Hibernate Validator framework. So we can't use this component as a JSF action listener. and the context variable is currently undefined (null). The EJB standard @Id annotation indicates the primary key attribute of the entity bean. password and username are the persistent attributes of the entity bean.username = username.password = password. When JSF asks Seam to resolve a context variable with a name that is the same as a Seam component name. The default context is specified using the @Scope annotation. These are needed when this component is used by JSF in the render response and update model values phases.CR2 4 . } public void setName(String name) { this. For that we need a session bean. entity beans shouldn't do transaction management or database access. name. it binds the new instance to a context variable in the component's default context. The EJB standard @Table annotation indicates that the User class is mapped to the users table. Seam will instantiate a User the first time JSF encounters a variable named user. JBoss Seam 2. However. } @NotNull public String getName() { return name. } public void setUsername(String username) { this. In this case. All of our persistent attributes define accessor methods. max=15) public String getUsername() { return username. Seam integrates Hibernate Validator and lets you use it for data validation (even if you are not using Hibernate for persistence). These annotations establish that this class is a Seam component.0. } public void setPassword(String password) { this. This name must be unique within the Seam application. A Seam component needs a component name specified by the @Name annotation. The User bean is a session scoped component. Whenever Seam instantiates a component. and bind the new instance to the context variable.name = name. We don't need any tedious glue code to copy data back and forth between the JSP pages and the entity bean domain model. Seam will instantiate that component.
Nice. @Stateless @Name("register") public class RegisterAction implements Register { @In private User user.2. (9) return null. since this is a sesson bean. (8) } else { FacesMessages. } } } (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) The EJB standard @Stateless annotation marks this class as stateless session bean.username}") .username} already exists").java Most Seam application use session beans as JSF action listeners (you can use JavaBeans instead if you like). The @In annotation marks an attribute of the bean as injected by Seam. this results in an ordinary JPA setParameter() call on the standard JPA Query object. we'll use a stateless session bean. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) if (existing. In plain JSF. log.instance(). a transaction is automatically begun when the register() method is called. In this case. In this case.xhtml". A null outcome (or a void action listener method) redisplays the previous page. The stateless session bean class: RegisterAction. and returns the JSF outcome. The Seam @Logger annotation is used to inject the component's Log instance. This is the only really interesting code in the example! Example 1. We have exactly one JSF action in our application. (7) return "/registered. and committed when it completes. Notice that Seam lets you use a JSF EL expression inside EJB-QL.username}"). @Logger private Log log. Under the covers. since all the state associated with our action is held by the User bean. public String register() { List existing = em.createQuery( "select username from User where username=#{user.2.2.info("Registered new user #{user. The EJB standard @PersistenceContext annotation is used to inject the EJB3 entity manager.0.1. The action listener method uses the standard EJB3 EntityManager API to interact with the database. JSF action listener methods return a string-valued outcome that determines what page will be displayed next.size()==0) { em.0. Note that.getResultList().persist(user). huh? The Log API lets us easily display templated log messages. and one session bean method attached to it. it is normal to always use a JSF navigation rule to determine the JSF view id from the outcome. @PersistenceContext private EntityManager em.CR2 .Seam Tutorial 1.add("User #{user. the attribute is injected from a context variable named user (the instance variable name). For complex 5 JBoss Seam 2.
Seam Tutorial application this indirection is useful and a good practice. Now onto the deployment descriptors.xml If you've used many Java frameworks before. @Local public interface Register { public String register(). for example). Built-in Seam components may be obtained by injection. 1. (9) Note that we did not explicitly specify a @Scope this time. Actually. notice that our session bean has simultaneous access to context associated with the web request (the form values in the User object.3.0. But notice that Seam does not force you into any particular strategy for application layering.1.2. This is a break from traditional J2EE architectures. Nevertheless.com/products/seam/components" JBoss Seam 2. In more complex applications. Seam always performs a browser redirect.0. or by calling an instance() method. The session bean local interface: Register. Example 1. we might need to layer the code and refactor persistence logic into a dedicated data access component. But for many applications. you'll be used to having to declare all your component classes in some kind of XML file that gradually grows more and more unmanageable as your project matures. eliminating the requirement for a navigation rule. Again. You have a couple of options here.2. <?xml version="1. if you are more comfortable with the traditional J2EE layering. it's simply not very useful. Each Seam component type has a default scope if not explicitly specified.xml.CR2 6 . That's perfectly trivial to do.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <components xmlns="http://jboss. For stateless session beans. Most Seam applications require a very small amount of XML that does not grow very much as the project gets bigger. all stateless session beans belong in the stateless context. Note that when you use a view id as an outcome. 1.xml file to tell Seam how to find our EJB components in JNDI: Example 1. our session bean needs a local interface. Our session bean action listener performs the business and persistence logic for our mini-application. located in the WEB-INF directory. it is often useful to be able to provide for some external configuration of some components (particularly the components built in to Seam). The FacesMessages component makes it easy to display templated error or success messages.1.3. Seam provides a number of built-in components to help solve common problems.4. you can certainly implement that in a Seam application. We'll use the components.java Naturally.4. Seam lets you use the JSF view id as the outcome. but the most flexible option is to provide this configuration in a file called components. the default scope is the stateless context. } That's the end of the Java code. The Seam component deployment descriptor: components. and state held in transactional resources (the EntityManager object). Furthermore. for very simple examples like this one. However. You'll be relieved to know that Seam does not require that application components be accompanied by XML.
The web deployment description: web.0.sun.faces.com/products/seam/core http://jboss.seam.com/products/seam/components-2 <core:init jndi-pattern="@jndiPattern@"/> </components> This code configures a property named jndiPattern of a built-in Seam component named org.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.seam</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <session-config> <session-timeout>10</session-timeout> </session-config> </web-app> JBoss Seam 2. <?xml version="1.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://jboss.2.config.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:xsi="http://www.5" xmlns="http://java.init.SeamListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-.seam.FacesServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.faces.xhtml</param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>javax.core.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.jboss.5.webapp.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java. Example 1.xsd http://jboss.xsd"> <!-. The funny @ symbols are there because our Ant build script puts the correct JNDI pattern in when we deploy the application.1. 1.JSF --> <listener> <listener-class>com.servlet.0.ConfigureListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>javax.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2. So we'll need a web deployment descriptor.sun.sun.5.sun.faces.com/products/seam/core-2.com/products/seam/components http://jboss.DEFAULT_SUFFIX</param-name> <param-value>.w3.0.CR2 7 .Seam --> <listener> <listener-class>org.Seam Tutorial xmlns:core="http://jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.jboss.w3.xml The presentation layer for our mini-application will be deployed in a WAR.
7.SeamInterceptor</interceptor-class> </interceptor> </interceptors> <assembly-descriptor> <interceptor-binding> <ejb-name>*</ejb-name> <interceptor-class>org.sun.ejb. The EJB deployment descriptor: ejb-jar.ejb. 1.xml is used much less often than in plain JSF.xml Most Seam applications use JSF views as the presentation layer.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <faces-config version="1. The configuration you see here is pretty much identical in all Seam applications. In fact. <?xml version="1.2. Seam takes the view that process flow and configuration data are the only things that truly belong in XML. The JSF configration: faces-config.CR2 8 .facelets. 1.2" xmlns="http://java.sun. by attaching the SeamInterceptor to all session beans in the archive.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.seam. since we decided to embed the view id in our action code.0.xml file integrates Seam with EJB3. Example 1.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www. the only XML you need to write as you add new functionality to a Seam application is orchestration: navigation rules or jBPM process definitions. the faces-config.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java. In Seam applications.6.seam.xsd" version="3. In this simple example.sun. so we need to tell JSF to use Facelets as its templating engine.1.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.sun.w3. So usually we'll need faces-config.2.6. we don't even need a navigation rule.FaceletViewHandler</view-handler> </application> </faces-config> Note that we don't need any JSF managed bean declarations! Our managed beans are annotated Seam components.Seam Tutorial This web.w3.jboss.0.SeamInterceptor</interceptor-class> </interceptor-binding> </assembly-descriptor> </ejb-jar> JBoss Seam 2.0"> <interceptors> <interceptor> <interceptor-class>org.Facelets support --> <application> <view-handler>com.xml The ejb-jar.jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee/ <!-.sun. we are going to use Facelets for defining our views.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.xml file configures Seam and JSF.xml.1.sun. once you have all the basic descriptors set up. In our case.com/xml/ns/javaee/ejb-jar_3_0.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java. <ejb-jar xmlns="http://java.
sun.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:s="http://jboss.sun.sun.CR2 9 .HibernatePersistence</provider> <jta-data-source>java:/DefaultDS</jta-data-source> <properties> <property name="hibernate.com/products/seam/taglib" xmlns:h="http://java.xml The persistence.auto" value="create-drop"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence> 1. The EJB persistence deployment descriptor: persistence.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www. because we think it's better than JSP. In this case.2. and contains some vendor-specific settings.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.Seam Tutorial 1.register}"/> </h:form> </f:view> </body> </html> The only thing here that is specific to Seam is the <s:validateAll> tag. This JSF component tells JSF to validate all the contained input fields against the Hibernate Validator annotations specified on the entity bean.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.0.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0. The view: register.username}" required="true"/> Real Name: <h:inputText value="#{user.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence xmlns="http://java. In this example we use Facelets.8. JBoss Seam 2.xsd" version="1.name}" required="true"/> Password: <h:inputSecret value="#{user. <?xml version="1.w3.xhtml and registered.sun.com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java.0"> <persistence-unit name="userDatabase"> <provider>org.1.password}" required="true"/> </h:panelGrid> </s:validateAll> <h:messages/> <h:commandButton value="Register" action="#{register.0.w3.9.1.hibernate.ejb.sun.hbm2ddl. <?xml version="1.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.7. Example 1. enables automatic schema export at startup time.xhtml The view pages for a Seam application could be implemented using any technology that supports JSF.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.com/jsf/core"> <head> <title>Register New User</title> </head> <body> <f:view> <h:form> <s:validateAll> <h:panelGrid columns="2"> Username: <h:inputText value="#{user.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.xml file tells the EJB persistence provider where to find the datasource.2.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.
org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:f="http://java.CR2 10 . We've now seen all the files in the entire application! JBoss Seam 2.xml Finally.com/jsf/core"> <head> <title>Successfully Registered New User</title> </head> <body> <f:view> Welcome. we need a deployment descriptor there.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.0.10.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.jar</ejb> </module> <module> <ejb>jboss-seam.0.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www. The EAR deployment descriptor: application.sun.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java. you are successfully registered as #{user. </f:view> </body> </html> This is a boring old Facelets page using some embedded EL. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <application xmlns="http://java.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.Seam Tutorial Example 1.1.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.username}.jar</java> </module> </application> This deployment descriptor links modules in the enterprise archive and binds the web application to the context root /seam-registration.name}. <?xml version="1.xsd" version="5"> <display-name>Seam Registration</display-name> <module> <web> <web-uri>jboss-seam-registration.w3.8.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www. There is nothing specific to Seam here.sun. Example 1.2. #{user.war</web-uri> <context-root>/seam-registration</context-root> </web> </module> <module> <ejb>jboss-seam-registration.9. 1. since our application is deployed as an EAR.com/xml/ns/javaee/application_5.w3.sun. too.sun.jar</ejb> </module> <module> <java>jboss-el.w3.
If the constraints are violated. JSF redisplays the page.Seam Tutorial 1. JSF binds the form input values to properties of the User entity bean.CR2 11 .0. The form input values are now validated against the Hibernate Validator constraints specified on the User entity. When JSF comes to render the page. Seam intercepts the method call and injects the User entity from the Seam session context. The FacesMessages component interpolates the JSF expression embedded in the message string and adds a JSF FacesMessage to the view. The messages example demonstrates this functionality. the "/registered. causing a page redisplay. The register() method checks if a user with the entered username already exists.0. before continuing the invocation. JBoss Seam 2. Since there is no value already bound to that name (in any Seam context). Otherwise. Seam instantiates the user component. JSF asks Seam to resolve the variable named register. How it works When the form is submitted. it asks Seam to resolve the variable named user and uses property values of the returned User entity from Seam's session scope. Next.xhtml" outcome triggers a browser redirect to the registered. If no user with that username exists. If so.2. JSF invokes the register() action listener method. and a null outcome is returned. Seam finds the RegisterAction stateless session bean in the stateless context and returns it. Clickable lists in Seam: the messages example Clickable lists of database search results are such an important part of any online application that Seam provides special functionality on top of JSF to make it easier to query data using EJB-QL or HQL and display it as a clickable list using a JSF <h:dataTable>. and returns the resulting User entity bean instance to JSF after storing it in the Seam session context.3. 1.2. an error message is queued with the FacesMessages component.xhtml page. JSF asks Seam to resolve the variable named user.
@Entity @Name("message") @Scope(EVENT) public class Message implements Serializable { private Long id. one session bean.10.java The Message entity defines the title.0.1. 1. MessageListBean and one JSP.1. and a flag indicating whether the message has been read: Example 1. Understanding the code The message list example has one entity bean. private Date datetime. JBoss Seam 2. private String text. private String title. The entity bean: Message. @Id @GeneratedValue public Long getId() { return id. private boolean read.3.1. Message. text.0.3. date and time of a message.Seam Tutorial 1.CR2 12 .
} @NotNull @Lob public String getText() { return text. } public void setDatetime(Date datetime) { this. instead of in an action listener method.TIMESTAMP) public Date getDatetime() { return datetime.3. } } 1. and displays that message. The stateful session bean: MessageManagerBean. MessageManager { @DataModel (1) JBoss Seam 220.127.116.11.0.text = text. MessageManagerBean. we have a session bean. so we will make this a stateful session bean. Example 1.java Just like in the previous example. We want to cache the list of messages in memory between server requests. The other button deletes a message. One of the buttons selects a message from the list. But MessageManagerBean is also responsible for fetching the list of messages the first time we navigate to the message list page.11. So far. for example. and not all of them are preceded by a JSF action—the user might have bookmarked the page. } public void setRead(boolean read) { this.title = title.CR2 13 . So the job of fetching the message list takes place in a Seam factory method. } @NotNull @Length(max=100) public String getTitle() { return title.id = id.Seam Tutorial } public void setId(Long id) { this. } public void setText(String text) { this. } public void setTitle(String title) { this. } @NotNull @Basic @Temporal(TemporalType.datetime = datetime.read = read. There are various ways the user could navigate to the page. @Stateful @Scope(SESSION) @Name("messageManager") public class MessageManagerBean implements Serializable. which defines the action listener methods for the two buttons on our form. this is not so different to the previous example. } @NotNull public boolean isRead() { return read.
All stateful session bean Seam components must have a method with no parameters marked @Remove that Seam uses to remove the stateful bean when the Seam context ends.getResultList().3.createQuery("from Message msg order by msg.remove(message). This stateful bean has an EJB3 extended persistence context. The first time we navigate to the JSP page. The messages retrieved in the query remain in the managed state as long as the bean exists. The select() action listener method marks the selected Message as read. } public void delete() { messageList.) 1. It is associated with the user login session.util.0. So ever time a row of the clickable list is selected. (2) (3) (4) @Factory("messageList") (5) public void findMessages() { messageList = em. } public void select() { message. In this case. there will be no value in the messageList context variable. The @Factory annotation tells Seam to create an instance of MessageManagerBean and invoke the findMessages() method to initialize the value.Seam Tutorial private List<Message> messageList. message=null. @PersistenceContext(type=EXTENDED) private EntityManager em.setRead(true). the Message is injected to the attribute of the stateful bean. so any subsequent method calls to the stateful bean can update them without needing to make any explicit call to the EntityManager. The @DataModelSelection annotation tells Seam to inject the List element that corresponded to the clicked link. and all requests from a login session share the same instance of the component.0.DataModel. Note that this is a session-scoped Seam component. The @Out annotation then exposes the selected value directly to the page. and clean up any server-side state.1.CR2 14 .java JBoss Seam 2.faces.3. The delete() action listener method removes the selected Message from the database. (In Seam applications. and the subsequently outjected to the event context variable named message.List to the JSF page as an instance of javax. we usually use sessionscoped components sparingly. and updates it in the database. The session bean local interface: MessageManager. We call findMessages() a factory method for messages. @DataModelSelection @Out(required=false) private Message message. } @Remove public void destroy() {} } (6) (7) (8) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) The @DataModel annotation exposes an attibute of type java.model. This allows us to use the list in a JSF <h:dataTable> with clickable links for each row. the DataModel is made available in a session context variable named messageList.datetime desc") . em.remove(message).
xml.xml. ejb-jar.com/jsf/html" prefix="h" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.4.0.delete}"/> </h:column> </h:dataTable> <h3><h:outputText value="#{message. public void select().jsp The JSP page is a straightforward use of the JSF <h:dataTable> component.sun.3.CR2 15 . faces-config.read}" disabled="true"/> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Title"/> </f:facet> <h:commandLink value="#{msg.datetime}"> <f:convertDateTime type="both" dateStyle="medium" timeStyle="short"/> </h:outputText> </h:column> <h:column> <h:commandButton value="Delete" action="#{messageManager.12. Again. persistence. we won't show local interfaces in our code examples.xml.select}"/> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Date/Time"/> </f:facet> <h:outputText value="#{msg. web.0.Seam Tutorial All session beans have a business interface. public void delete(). Example 1.xml since they are much the same as the previous example.com/jsf/core" prefix="f" %> <html> <head> <title>Messages</title> </head> <body> <f:view> <h:form> <h2>Message List</h2> <h:outputText value="No messages to display" rendered="#{messageList.rowCount==0}"/> <h:dataTable var="msg" value="#{messageList}" rendered="#{messageList. 1. Let's skip over components.title}"/></h3> <div><h:outputText value="#{message. @Local public interface MessageManager { public void findMessages().xml.title}" action="#{messageManager. nothing specific to Seam. of course.rowCount>0}"> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Read"/> </f:facet> <h:selectBooleanCheckbox value="#{msg. public void destroy().sun.xml and application. and go straight to the JSP. <%@ taglib uri="http://java.text}"/></div> </h:form> </f:view> </body> JBoss Seam 2. } From now on.1. The view: messages.
How it works The first time we navigate to the messages. Seam intercepts this call and injects the selected row data into the message attribute of the messageManager component. and the change to the Message is flushed to the database.0. Seam intercepts this call and injects the selected row data into the message attribute of the messageList component. we'll show you a simple "todo list" application. and deletes the Message from the database. the EJB container commits the transaction. marking the selected Message as read. This DataModel provides the row data needed for rendering the <h:dataTable>. the page will try to resolve the messageList context variable. the page is re-rendered. The EJB container commits the transaction. The action listener fires. removing the selected Message from the list. To get a small taste of how jBPM integrates with Seam. At the end of the call. whether by a JSF postback (faces request) or a direct browser GET request (non-faces request). the page is re-rendered. and also calling remove() on the EntityManager. there is hardly any Java code at all in this example. Seam will call the factory method findMessages(). which performs a query against the database and results in a DataModel being outjected.0. redisplaying the message list. If the user clicks the <h:commandButton>. JSF calls the select() action listener. Seam and jBPM: the todo list example jBPM provides sophisticated functionality for workflow and task management. Next. Finally. When the user clicks the <h:commandLink>.CR2 16 . JSF calls the delete() action listener. Finally. Seam outjects the selected Message to the context variable named message.4. redisplaying the message list. Since managing lists of tasks is such core functionality for jBPM. 1. JBoss Seam 2.Seam Tutorial </html> 1. Seam refreshes the messageList context variable and clears the context variable named message. and displaying the selected message below it. At the end of the call.2.3.jsp page. Since this context variable is not initialized. The action listener fires.
There are also two JSPs and two trivial JavaBeans (There was no reason to use session beans.4.13. Understanding the code The center of this example is the jBPM process definition. execution resumes. The <task-node> node represents a wait state.1.Seam Tutorial 1.0. since they do not access the database. <process-definition name="todo"> <start-state name="start"> <transition to="todo"/> </start-state> <task-node name="todo"> <task name="todo" description="#{todoList.id}"/> </task> <transition to="done"/> </task-node> <end-state name="done"/> </process-definition> (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (1) (2) (3) The <start-state> node represents the logical start of the process. The task gets its descrip- JBoss Seam 2. when it is complete.CR2 17 .description}"> <assignment actor-id="#{actor. Let's start with the process definition: Example 1. Since there is only one task defined on this node. it immediately transitions to the todo node. where business process execution pauses. and we transition to the end state.0. waiting for one or more tasks to be performed. When the process starts. The <task> element defines a task to be performed by a user. or have any other transactional behavior).
} JBoss Seam 2. Any Seam component may be used to perform task assignment. the business process ends. Tasks need to be assigned to a user or group of users when they are created. the task is assigned to the current user.0. (In a real application. and when that task is complete.CR2 18 . public String getUser() { return user. private String user.0. the process instance is destroyed.Seam Tutorial tion from a Seam component named todoList (one of the JavaBeans).) Example 1. Its job is just to initialize the jBPM actor id using the actor component. The first JavaBean handles the login screen login. @Name("login") public class Login { @In private Actor actor. which we get from a built-in Seam component named actor. The <end-state> node defines the logical end of the business process.user = user. } public void setUser(String user) { this. it would also need to authenticate the user. (4) (5) If we view this process definition using the process definition editor provided by JBossIDE. When execution reaches this node.jsp. In this case. this is what it looks like: This document defines our business process as a graph of nodes.14. This is the most trivial possible business process: there is one task to be performed.
19 JBoss Seam 2.user}"/> <h:commandButton value="Login" action="#{login.setId(user).Seam Tutorial public String login() { actor. The JSP itself is trivial: Example 1.16. @Name("todoList") public class TodoList { private String description. public String getDescription() { return description.login}"/> </div> </h:form> </f:view> </body> </html> The second JavaBean is responsible for starting business process instances. and exposes it to the process definition.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%> <html> <head> <title>Login</title> </head> <body> <h1>Login</h1> <f:view> <h:form> <div> <h:inputText value="#{login.15.jsp".0. } } Here we see the use of @In to inject the built-in Actor component. and ending tasks. allowing the task description to be set. return "/todo.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java. } @CreateProcess(definition="todo") public void createTodo() {} @StartTask @EndTask public void done() {} } (2) (1) (3) (1) The description property accepts user input form the JSP page.0. <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun. } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description.CR2 .sun. Example 1.
description}"/> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Created"/> </f:facet> <h:outputText value="#{task. The Seam @StartTask annotation starts work on a task.priority}" style="width: 30"/> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Due Date"/> </f:facet> <h:inputText value="#{task.dueDate}" style="width: 100"> <f:convertDateTime type="date" dateStyle="short"/> </h:inputText> </h:column> <h:column> <s:button value="Done" action="#{todoList. and allows the business process execution to resume.com/products/seam/taglib" prefix="s" %> <html> <head> <title>Todo List</title> </head> <body> <h1>Todo List</h1> <f:view> <h:form id="list"> <div> <h:outputText value="There are no todo items.jsp: Example 1. The @EndTask ends the task.com/jsf/core" prefix="f" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://jboss." rendered="#{empty taskInstanceList}"/> <h:dataTable value="#{taskInstanceList}" var="task" rendered="#{not empty taskInstanceList}"> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Description"/> </f:facet> <h:inputText value="#{task.processInstance.done}" taskInstance="#{task}"/> </h:column> </h:dataTable> </div> <div> <h:messages/> </div> <div> <h:commandButton value="Update Items" action="update"/> JBoss Seam 2.17.0.taskMgmtInstance.sun. Finally.start}"> <f:convertDateTime type="date"/> </h:outputText> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Priority"/> </f:facet> <h:inputText value="#{task. In a more realistic example.sun.CR2 20 .com/jsf/html" prefix="h" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://java. @StartTask and @EndTask would not appear on the same method.Seam Tutorial (2) (3) The Seam @CreateProcess annotation creates a new jBPM process instance for the named process definition. <%@ taglib uri="http://java. the meat of the application is in todo. because there is usually work to be done using the application in order to complete the task.0.
priority and due date.Seam Tutorial </div> </h:form> <h:form id="new"> <div> <h:inputText value="#{todoList.0. to allow the user to update these values. The page renders a list of tasks. <h:form id="list"> <div> <h:outputText value="There are no todo items.dueDate}" style="width: 100"> <f:convertDateTime type="date" dateStyle="short"/> </h:inputText> </h:column> This button ends the task by calling the action method annotated @StartTask @EndTask. For the description.priority}" style="width: 30"/> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Due Date"/> </f:facet> <h:inputText value="#{task. </h:dataTable> </div> </h:form> Each element of the list is an instance of the jBPM class TaskInstance.description}"/> <h:commandButton value="Create New Item" action="#{todoList. <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Description"/> </f:facet> <h:inputText value="#{task.. It passes the task id to Seam as a request parameter: <h:column> JBoss Seam 2.start}"> <f:convertDateTime type="date"/> </h:outputText> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Priority"/> </f:facet> <h:inputText value="#{task.0. we use input controls.. The following code simply displays the interesting properties of each task in the list. The list is defined inside a JSF form.processInstance. which it gets from a built-in Seam component named taskInstanceList.description}"/> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header"> <h:outputText value="Created"/> </f:facet> <h:outputText value="#{task.createTodo}"/> </div> </h:form> </f:view> </body> </html> Let's take this one piece at a time." rendered="#{empty taskInstanceList}"/> <h:dataTable value="#{taskInstanceList}" var="task" rendered="#{not empty taskInstanceList}"> .taskMgmtInstance.CR2 21 .
The simple number guessing example shows how this is done.jar package. the actions and the navigation rules. Seam allows you to use a jPDL process definition to define pageflow. There is no need for any action listener method: <h:commandButton value="Update Items" action="update"/> A second form on the page is used to create new items. When the form is submitted.4. but they are just standard jBPM and Seam configuration and not very interesting. JBoss Seam 2. by calling the action method annotated @CreateProcess.done}" taskInstance="#{task}"/> </h:column> (Note that this is using a Seam <s:button> JSF control from the seam-ui.5. How it works TODO 1.description}"/> <h:commandButton value="Create New Item" action="#{todoList. Seam and jBPM will make any changes to the tasks persistent. JSF/Seam navigation rules are a perfectly good way to define the page flow.createTodo}"/> </div> </h:form> There are several other files needed for the example. 1.Seam Tutorial <s:button value="Done" action="#{todoList. navigation rules make it difficult to really understand the flow of the system. especially for user interfaces which are more stateful. For applications with a more constrained style of navigation. <h:form id="new"> <div> <h:inputText value="#{todoList.) This button is used to update the properties of the tasks.0. To understand the flow.2.0. you need to piece it together from the view pages.CR2 22 . Seam pageflow: the numberguess example For Seam applications with relatively freeform (ad hoc) navigation.
) The <transition> element names a JSF outcome.correctGuess}"> <transition name="true" to="win"/> <transition name="false" to="evaluateRemainingGuesses"/> </decision> (1) (2) (3) (4) <decision name="evaluateRemainingGuesses" expression="#{numberGuess. three JSP pages and a jPDL pageflow definition. after invocation of any jBPM transition actions.Seam Tutorial 1.com/products/seam/pageflow" xmlns:xsi="http://www.0. The redirect attribute tells Seam to use post-then-redirect when navigating to the page.jspx"> <redirect/> <end-conversation/> </page> </pageflow-definition> (1) (2) (3) (4) The <page> element defines a wait state where the system displays a particular JSF view and waits for user input.jspx"> <redirect/> <transition name="guess" to="evaluateGuess"> <action expression="#{numberGuess.xsd" name="numberGuess"> <start-page name="displayGuess" view-id="/numberGuess. and determines the next node to execute by evaluating a JSF EL expression.5. except that it occurs when a jBPM transition occurs. The transition action can invoke any Seam component. Execution will then proceed to the next node of the pageflow graph. The view-id is the same JSF view id used in plain JSF navigation rules.jspx"> <redirect/> <end-conversation/> </page> <page name="lose" view-id="/lose.18. The transition is triggered when a JSF action results in that outcome.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss. Let's begin with the pageflow: Example 1. Understanding the code The example is implemented using one JavaBean. (This results in friendly browser URLs.0.1.lastGuess}"> <transition name="true" to="lose"/> <transition name="false" to="displayGuess"/> </decision> <page name="giveup" view-id="/giveup. <pageflow-definition xmlns="http://jboss. JBoss Seam 2.CR2 23 .0. A <decision> node branches the pageflow. A transition <action> is just like a JSF action.com/products/seam/pageflow-2.com/products/seam/pageflow http://jboss.jspx"> <redirect/> <transition name="yes" to="lose"/> <transition name="no" to="displayGuess"/> </page> <page name="win" view-id="/win.w3.guess}"/> </transition> <transition name="giveup" to="giveup"/> </start-page> <decision name="evaluateGuess" expression="#{numberGuess.
com/products/seam/taglib" xmlns="http://www.sun.currentGuess}"/> </div> JBoss Seam 2..19.0 Transitional//EN" doctype-system="http://www.Seam Tutorial Here is what the pageflow looks like in the JBossIDE pageflow editor: Now that we have seen the pageflow..randomNumber lt numberGuess..com/jsf/core" xmlns:s="http://jboss.page contentType="text/html"/> <html> <head> <title>Guess a number.jspx: Example 1.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="niceforms.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional. numberGuess.randomNumber gt numberGuess. very easy to understand the rest of the application! Here is the main page of the application.js" /> </head> <body> <h1>Guess a number.com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java.</title> <link href="niceforms. <<?xml version="1.org/1999/xhtml" version="2.currentGuess}"/> <h:outputText value="Lower!" rendered="#{numberGuess.CR2 24 .w3c.0"> <jsp:output doctype-root-element="html" doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0.com/JSP/Page" xmlns:h="http://java.sun.</h1> <f:view> <h:form styleClass="niceform"> <div> <h:messages globalOnly="true"/> <h:outputText value="Higher!" rendered="#{numberGuess.0.sun..dtd"/> <jsp:directive. it is very.w3.0"?> <jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.
<jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <h1>You won!</h1> <f:view> Yes.w3.smallest}"/> and <h:outputText value="#{numberGuess.0"> <jsp:output doctype-root-element="html" doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.biggest}" minimum="#{numberGuess.com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java.currentGuess}" />.sun.smallest) le 4}"> <s:selectItems value="#{numberGuess.biggest-numberGuess.20.biggest-numberGuess.sun.0.remainingGuesses}"/> guesses.sun.currentGuess}" id="selectGuessRadio" required="true" rendered="#{(numberGuess.smallest) gt 20}"> <f:validateLongRange maximum="#{numberGuess. JBoss Seam 2.smallest}"/> </h:inputText> <h:selectOneMenu value="#{numberGuess.smallest) le 20 and (numberGuess.jspx page is predictable: Example 1.Seam Tutorial <div> I'm thinking of a number between <h:outputText value="#{numberGuess.0 Transitional//EN" doctype-system="http://www.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional. The win.org/1999/xhtml" version="2.possibilities}" var="i" label="#{i}"/> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:selectOneRadio value="#{numberGuess.jspx"/> <s:button value="Give up" action="giveup"/> </div> <div> <h:message for="inputGuess" style="color: red"/> </div> </h:form> </f:view> </body> </html> </jsp:root> Notice how the command button names the guess transition instead of calling an action directly.0. You have <h:outputText value="#{numberGuess.currentGuess}" id="inputGuess" required="true" size="3" rendered="#{(numberGuess.CR2 25 .smallest) gt 4}"> <s:selectItems value="#{numberGuess.w3c.biggest-numberGuess.com/JSP/Page" xmlns:h="http://java.biggest-numberGuess.com/jsf/core" xmlns="http://www.possibilities}" var="i" label="#{i}"/> </h:selectOneRadio> <h:commandButton value="Guess" action="guess"/> <s:button value="Cheat" view="/confirm.page contentType="text/html"/> <html> <head> <title>You won!</title> <link href="niceforms.currentGuess}" id="selectGuessMenu" required="true" rendered="#{(numberGuess.biggest}"/>.dtd"/> <jsp:directive. </div> <div> Your guess: <h:inputText value="#{numberGuess. the answer was <h:outputText value="#{numberGuess.
} guessCount ++. } public void setCurrentGuess(Integer guess) { this. } public boolean isCorrectGuess() { return currentGuess==randomNumber.0.guessCount}" /> guesses. Finally. int guessCount.0.CONVERSATION) public class NumberGuess implements Serializable { private private private private private private private int randomNumber.nextInt(100). } JBoss Seam 2. int maxGuesses. @Name("numberGuess") @Scope(ScopeType.1.21.Seam Tutorial It took you <h:outputText value="#{numberGuess. int smallest. so it doesn't count!" rendered="#{numberGuess. smallest = 1.currentGuess = guess. the JavaBean Seam component: Example 1.cheat}"/> Would you like to <a href="numberGuess. } public void guess() { if (currentGuess>randomNumber) { biggest = currentGuess .seam">play again</a>? </f:view> </body> </html> </jsp:root> As is lose. } if (currentGuess<randomNumber) { smallest = currentGuess + 1. int biggest.CR2 26 . (1) @Create public void begin() { randomNumber = new Random(). <h:outputText value="But you cheated. Integer currentGuess. biggest = 100. } public int getBiggest() { return biggest. guessCount = 0.jspx (which I can't be bothered copy/pasting). boolean cheated. } public Integer getCurrentGuess() { return currentGuess.
com/products/seam/pages-2 <page view-id="/numberGuess. } public boolean isCheat() { return cheated.xml file starts a Seam conversation (much more about that later). for(int i=smallest.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss. } public boolean isLastGuess() { return guessCount==maxGuesses.Seam Tutorial public int getSmallest() { return smallest. } public void cheated() { cheated = true.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <pages xmlns="http://jboss.com/products/seam/pages" xmlns:xsi="http://www. } public List<Integer> getPossibilities() { List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>().w3. } public int getRemainingGuesses() { return maxGuesses-guessCount. } } (1) The first time a JSP page asks for a numberGuess component. allowing the component to initialize itself. <?xml version="1.jspx"> <begin-conversation join="true" pageflow="numberGuess"/> </page> JBoss Seam 2. } public void setMaxGuesses(int maxGuesses) { this. i<=biggest.maxGuesses = maxGuesses. } public int getGuessCount() { return guessCount. i++) result. Example 1.CR2 27 .com/products/seam/pages http://jboss. } public int getMaxGuesses() { return maxGuesses.add(i). Seam will create a new one for it. } public int getRandomNumber() { return randomNumber. The pages.0. and the @Create method will be invoked.22.0. return result. and specifies the pageflow definition to use for the conversation's page flow.
A complete Seam application: the Hotel Booking example 1.5. this Seam component is pure business logic! It doesn't need to know anything at all about the user interaction flow. 220.127.116.11. Introduction The booking application is a complete hotel room reservation system incorporating the following features: • • • • • • • • • User registration Login Logout Set password Hotel search Hotel selection Room reservation Reservation confirmation Existing reservation list JBoss Seam 2. This makes the component potentially more reuseable.Seam Tutorial <page view-id="/confirm. How it works TODO 1.jspx"> <begin-conversation nested="true" pageflow="cheat"/> </page> </pages> As you can see.0.CR2 28 .2.0.
JBoss Seam 2. As you browse the sourcecode of the example application. Seam was designed to make it very straightforward to build robust web applications and a lot of robustness that you are probably used to having to code yourself comes naturally and automatically with Seam. EJB 3. this is not the case. JavaBeans and Hibernate3. You might think that we spent weeks testing and fixing bugs to achive this.Seam Tutorial The booking application uses JSF. together with Facelets for the view. Facelets. Seam.CR2 29 .0. One of the things you'll notice if you play with this application for long enough is that it is extremely robust. and learn how the application works.0 and Seam. There is also a port of this application to JSF. You can play with back buttons and browser refresh and opening multiple windows and entering nonsensical data as much as you like and you will find it very difficult to make the application crash.0. observe how the declarative state management and integrated validation has been used to achieve this robustness. Actually.
because the cache is shared between many concurrent transactions. From the point of view of the user.0. a conversation. because invalidation is based upon an LRU policy instead of being based upon when the user has finished working with the data. • • • Hotel is an entity bean that represent a hotel is an entity bean that represents an existing booking Booking User is an entity bean to represents a user who can make hotel bookings 1. updates the password of the currently logged in user. ChangePasswordAction HotelBookingAction implements the core functionality of the application: hotel room searching. please refer to Section 1. The user can select multiple hotels from the same search results page. you can access it by pointing your browser to http://localhost:8080/seam-booking/ [http://localhost:8080/seam-booking/] Just nine classes (plus six session beans local interfaces) where used to implement this application. to install and deploy this application. however.0. persistable state is flushed to the database after every request. booking and confirmation. Searching. in different browser tabs. booking and booking confirmation. Added latency is also a problem. By very careful programming. Since the database is the least scalable tier.6.1. Java applications often introduce a data (second-level) cache that keeps commonly accessed data between requests. some state is thrown into the HttpSession. In this tutorial we'll concentrate upon one particular piece of functionality: hotel search. This functionality is implemented as a conversation. Usually. This causes enormous problems managing state associated with the conversation.3. Understanding Seam conversations We encourage you browse the sourcecode at your pleasure. everything from selecting a hotel to confirming a booking is one continuous unit of work. and incorporatJBoss Seam 2. Now consider the state held in the HttpSession. due to the extra traffic to and from the database on every request. Developing mechanisms to isolate session state associated with different concurrent conversations. This is a lot more difficult than it sounds. Six session bean action listeners contain all the business logic for the listed features. RegisterAction • registers a new system user. since web browsers permit ad hoc non-linear navigation. so this is the most interesting class in the application. Three entity beans implement the application's persistent domain model. Most web application architectures have no first class construct to represent a conversation. Java web applications use a combination of two techniques: first. selection.2.Seam Tutorial 1. Once you've successfully started the application. this often results in an utterly unacceptable lack of scalability. • • • BookingListAction retrieves existing bookings for the currently logged in user. selection. is not part of the conversation. we've introduced a whole raft of problem's associated with keeping the cached state consistent with the database. Overview of the booking example The project structure is identical to the previous one. Furthermore. second. But suppose we suddenly discover a system requirement that says that a user is allowed to have mutiple concurrent conversations.CR2 30 . To reduce this redundant traffic. and reconstructed from the database at the beginning of each new request.6. "Try the examples". This cache is necessarily inefficient. we might be able to control the size of the session data. halfway through the development of the system (this has happened to me).
EVENT) public String getSearchPattern() { return searchString==null ? "%" : '%' + searchString.0. The @DataModel annotation exposes a List as a JSF ListDataModel. In Seam.replace('*'.city) like #{pattern} " + "or lower(h. the list of hotels is exposed to the page as a ListDataModel in the conversation variable named hotels.zip) like #{pattern} " + "or lower(h. In this case. } (4) @Remove public void destroy() {} } (1) (2) (3) (4) The EJB standard @Stateful annotation identifies this class as a stateful session bean. } public int getPageSize() { return pageSize. } public boolean isNextPageAvailable() { return hotels!=null && hotels.setFirstResult( page * pageSize ) .createQuery("select h from Hotel h where lower(h.Seam Tutorial queryHotels().CR2 32 .0. This method will be called when Seam destroys the session context.searchString = searchString. } public String getSearchString() { return searchString. } public void nextPage() { page++. } private void queryHotels() { hotels = em.pageSize = pageSize. } public void setSearchString(String searchString) { this. The security chapter explains more about security in Seam.size()==pageSize. all stateful session beans must define a method with no parameters marked @Remove.toLowerCase(). JBoss Seam 2. The @Restrict annotation applies a security restriction to the component. It restricts access to the component allowing only logged-in users. Stateful session beans are scoped to the conversation context by default.name) like #{pattern} " + "or lower(h. } @Factory(value="pattern".getResultList(). scope=ScopeType. queryHotels().setMaxResults(pageSize) . } public void setPageSize(int pageSize) { this. '%') + '%'.address) like #{pattern}") . This makes it easy to implement clickable lists for search screens. The EJB standard @Remove annotation specifies that a stateful session bean should be removed and its state destroyed after invocation of the annotated method.
#{hot. <a:status> (2) <f:facet name="start"> <h:graphicImage value="/img/spinner.Seam Tutorial The main page of the application is a Facelets page.state}.address} </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">City. Let's look at the fragment which relates to searching for hotels: Example 1. #{hot.0.selectHotel(hot)}"/> </h:column> (3) (4) JBoss Seam 2.0.CR2 33 .24.rowCount==0}"/> <h:dataTable id="hotels" value="#{hotels}" var="hot" rendered="#{hotels.pageSize}" id="pageSize"> <f:selectItem itemLabel="5" itemValue="5"/> <f:selectItem itemLabel="10" itemValue="10"/> <f:selectItem itemLabel="20" itemValue="20"/> </h:selectOneMenu> </fieldset> </h:form> </div> <a:outputPanel id="searchResults"> <div class="section"> <h:outputText value="No Hotels Found" rendered="#{hotels != null and hotels.rowCount>0}"> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Name</f:facet> #{hot. <div class="section"> <span class="errors"> <h:messages globalOnly="true"/> </span> <h1>Search Hotels</h1> <h:form id="searchCriteria"> <fieldset> <h:inputText id="searchString" value="#{hotelSearch.name} </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Address</f:facet> #{hot.zip} </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Action</f:facet> <s:link id="viewHotel" value="View Hotel" action="#{hotelBooking.find}" reRender="searchResults" /> (1) </h:inputText>  .city}. <a:commandButton id="findHotels" value="Find Hotels" action="#{hotelSearch.find}" reRender="searchResults"/>  . State</f:facet> #{hot."> <a:support event="onkeyup" actionListener="#{hotelSearch.searchString}" style="width: 165px.country} </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Zip</f:facet> #{hot.gif"/> </f:facet> </a:status> <br/> <h:outputLabel for="pageSize">Maximum results:</h:outputLabel> . <h:selectOneMenu value="#{hotelSearch.
CR2 . user). and destroyed either by timeout due to conversation inactivity or invocation of a matching @End method. so the current conversation context will not be destroyed at the end of the request. } (3) public void setBookingDetails() { Calendar calendar = Calendar.getCheckinDate(). 35 JBoss Seam 2.addToControl("checkoutDate".getCheckoutDate() ) ) { facesMessages. booking.getInstance(). } public void bookHotel() { booking = new Booking(hotel.name}.addToControl("checkinDate".DAY_OF_MONTH.getInstance().id}"). The @Begin annotation specifies that the annotated method begins a long-running conversation.add("Thank you.raiseTransactionSuccessEvent("bookingConfirmed").before( booking.0.setCheckinDate( calendar. #{user.username}"). booking. 1). the context variable named hotel will be set to the value of the hotel instance variable after every action listener invocation completes.name} is #{booking.setCheckoutDate( calendar. -1).0.DAY_OF_MONTH. events. In this case. your confimation number " + " for #{hotel. facesMessages. } } public boolean isBookingValid() { return bookingValid.persist(booking).info("New booking: #{booking.add(Calendar. } @End public void confirm() { em. Calendar calendar = Calendar.merge(selectedHotel). "Check out date must be later than check in date"). bookingValid=false.Seam Tutorial @Begin public void selectHotel(Hotel selectedHotel) { hotel = em. "Check in date must be a future date"). } @End public void cancel() {} @Remove public void destroy() {} (5) (4) (1) (2) (3) This bean uses an EJB3 extended persistence context.id} for #{user. calendar. } else { bookingValid=true. Instead.getTime() ) ) { facesMessages.getTime() ). bookingValid=false. log. it will be reassociated with every request from the current window.before( calendar. The @Out annotation declares that an attribute value is outjected to a context variable after method invocations.getTime() ). so that any entity instances remain managed for the whole lifecycle of the stateful session bean. calendar.getCheckinDate(). if ( booking. } else if ( !booking.add(Calendar.
If.Seam Tutorial (4) (5) The @End annotation specifies that the annotated method ends the current long-running conversation. If you leave any one conversation inactive for long enough. after ending a conversation. The Seam UI control library If you check inside the WAR file for the booking application. along with the Facelets.6. The Seam debug page will be availabled if this jar is deployed in WEB-INF/lib.CR2 36 .6. JBoss Seam 2. so the current conversation context will be destroyed at the end of the request. We won't get into the details of those controls here. 1. Just point your browser at http://localhost:8080/seam-booking/debug. Try it! Log in. You'll be able to work on creating two different hotel reservations at the same time. you backbutton to a page of that conversation and try to perform an action. The booking application uses some other Seam and RichFaces Ajax controls. The standard JSF <h:commandLink> does not work with "open in new window".0.4. run a search.5. and redirect you to the search page.seam [http://localhost:8080/seam-booking/debug. Seam will eventually time out that conversation and destroy its state. a user can have multiple isolated conversations per login session. please refer to the chapter covering Seam's functionality for JSF form validation. especially on the /book.xhtml page. and if you set the debug property of the init component: <core:init jndi-pattern="@jndiPattern@" debug="true"/> This page lets you browse and inspect the Seam components in any of the Seam contexts associated with your current login session.0.seam]. The booking application uses the <s:link> control for navigation from the search screen to the hotel page: <s:link value="View Hotel" action="#{hotelBooking. The Seam Debug Page The WAR also includes seam-debug.jar. but if you want to understand this code. booking and booking confirmation. you'll find seam-ui.selectHotel(hot)}"/> The use of <s:link> here allows us to attach an action listener to a HTML link without breaking the browser's "open in new window" feature. and holds state related to this work in its instance variables. and navigate to different hotel pages in multiple browser tabs. including conversation propagation rules. Seam will detect that the conversation was already ended.jar in the WEB-INF/lib directory. HotelBookingAction Even better. 1. This package contains a number of JSF custom controls that integrate with Seam. Don't forget to define this method! contains all the action listener methods that implement selection. This EJB remove method will be called when Seam destroys the conversation context. We think you'll agree that this code is much cleaner and simpler than getting and setting HttpSession attributes. We'll see later that <s:link> also offers a number of other useful features.
JBoss Seam 2.CR2 37 .0.7.Seam Tutorial 1.0. A complete application featuring Seam and jBPM: the DVD Store example The DVD Store demo application shows the practical usage of jBPM for both task management and pageflow. The user screens take advantage of a jPDL pageflow to implement searching and shopping cart functionality.
0.0. The business process may even be changed dynamically.CR2 38 .Seam Tutorial The administration screens take use jBPM to manage the approval and shipping cycle for orders. by selecting a different process definition! JBoss Seam 2.
An example of Seam with Hibernate: the Hibernate Booking example The Hibernate Booking demo is a straight port of the Booking demo to an alternative architecture that uses Hibernate for persistence and JavaBeans instead of session beans.0. server-side state is not always appropriate. especially in for functionality that serves up content. 1.9. However.8. For this kind of problem JBoss Seam 2.0.Seam Tutorial TODO Look in the dvdstore directory. 1. TODO Look in the hibernate directory. A RESTful Seam application: the Blog example Seam makes it very easy to implement applications which keep state on the server-side.CR2 39 .
CR2 40 .0.9.1.xhtml facelets page displays a list of recent blog entries: Example 1.. <h:dataTable value="#{blog.26.excerpt}"/> </div> <p> <h:outputLink value="entry.id}"/> Read more. Every page of the application can be bookmarked. Using "pull"-style MVC This snippet from the index.excerpt!=null}"> <f:param name="blogEntryId" value="#{blogEntry. </h:outputLink> </p> JBoss Seam 2.seam" rendered="#{blogEntry. The Blog example shows how to a implement RESTful application using Seam. the view pulls data from components as it is being rendered.excerpt==null ? blogEntry.. 1.0.title}</h3> <div> <h:outputText escape="false" value="#{blogEntry. The Blog example demonstrates the use of "pull"-style MVC. including the search results page.body : blogEntry. so that any page can be accessed at any time. where instead of using action listener methods to retrieve data and prepare the data for the view. via the bookmark.Seam Tutorial we often need to let the user bookmark pages and have a relatively stateless server.recentBlogEntries}" var="blogEntry" rows="3"> <h:column> <div class="blogEntry"> <h3>#{blogEntry.
how does the data used by the <h:dataTable> actually get initialized? Well. true) .xhtml. JBoss Seam 2. This is defined in a file. Example 1. by a Seam component named blog.0. } } (1) (2) This component uses a seam-managed persistence context. This is good so far.27.0.2. allowing us to avoid any exceptions that occur when accessing unfetched associations in the view.cacheable".CR2 41 . such as a search results page? 1. what happens is that the Blog is retrieved lazily—"pulled"—when needed.date}"> <f:convertDateTime timeZone="#{blog. this persistence context is managed by Seam. menu.createQuery("select distinct b from Blog b left join fetch b.xhtml: Example 1. This is the opposite flow of control to what is usual in traditional web action-based frameworks like Struts. Unlike the other examples we've seen.locale}" type="both"/> </h:outputText>]  . instead of by the EJB3 container.9.hibernate. <h:outputLink value="entry.seam">[Link] <f:param name="blogEntryId" value="#{blogEntry.blogEnt . The persistence context spans the entire web request.28.timeZone}" locale="#{blog. The @Unwrap annotation tells Seam to provide the return value of the method—the Blog—instead of the actual BlogService component to clients. included by the facelets template. @Name("blog") @Scope(ScopeType.Seam Tutorial <p> [Posted on <h:outputText value="#{blogEntry. template. but what about bookmarking the result of form submissions.STATELESS) @AutoCreate public class BlogService { @In EntityManager entityManager.getSingleResult().setHint("org. Bookmarkable search results page The blog example has a tiny form in the top right of each page that allows the user to search for blog entries. (1) @Unwrap (2) public Blog getBlog() { return (Blog) entityManager.id}"/> </h:outputLink> </p> </div> </h:column> </h:dataTable> If we navigate to this page from a bookmark. This is the Seam manager component pattern.
searchPattern}"/> </page> .CR2 42 . </pages> This tells Seam to include the value of #{searchService.0. Alternatively.xhtml"/> </h:form> </div> To implement a bookmarkable search results page. Seam automatically redirects to the view id when the form is submitted. <navigation-rule> <navigation-case> <from-outcome>searchResults</from-outcome> <to-view-id>/search.0.searchPattern}"/> <h:commandButton value="Search" action="searchResults"/> </h:form> </div> But when we redirect..xhtml"> <param name="searchPattern" value="#{searchService. <pages> <page view-id="/search. we need to include the values submitted with the form as request parameters.xhtml page: JBoss Seam 2. we could have defined a navigation rule like this: Example 1. <div id="search"> <h:form> <h:inputText value="#{searchAction. JSF does not provide an easy way to do this. The redirect takes us to the search.31. Because we used the JSF view id as the action outcome. we need to perform a browser redirect after processing the search form submission. to get a bookmarkable URL like http://localhost:8080/seam-blog/search. We use a Seam page parameter..Seam Tutorial <div id="search"> <h:form> <h:inputText value="#{searchAction.searchPattern} as a request parameter named searchPattern when redirecting to the page.seam?searchPattern=seam.xml: Example 1.30. but Seam does. defined in WEBINF/pages.searchPattern}"/> <h:commandButton value="Search" action="/search.xhtml</to-view-id> <redirect/> </navigation-case> </navigation-rule> Then the form would have looked like this: Example 1. and then re-apply the value of that parameter to the model before rendering the page.29.
title) like :searchPattern " + "lower(be.setParameter( "searchPattern".locale}" type="both"/> </h:outputText> </div> </h:column> </h:dataTable> Which again uses "pull"-style MVC to retrieve the actual search results: Example 1. @Name("searchService") public class SearchService { @In private EntityManager entityManager. } public String getSearchPattern() { return searchPattern. getSqlSearchPattern() ) .body) like :searchPattern order by be. } public void setSearchPattern(String searchPattern) { this.date}"> <f:convertDateTime timeZone="#{blog.getResultList().replace('*'. } else { return entityManager. } } JBoss Seam 2.toLowerCase().0. '%').searchPattern = searchPattern.timeZone}" locale="#{blog.Seam Tutorial Example 1.0. @Factory("searchResults") public List<BlogEntry> getSearchResults() { if (searchPattern==null) { return null.title} </h:outputLink> posted on <h:outputText value="#{blogEntry.id}"/> #{blogEntry.createQuery("select be from BlogEntry be "" + "where lower(be.32.date desc") .setMaxResults(100) . '_') + '%'.seam"> <f:param name="blogEntryId" value="#{blogEntry. } } private String getSqlSearchPattern() { return searchPattern==null ? "" : '%' + searchPattern.33. <h:dataTable value="#{searchResults}" var="blogEntry"> <h:column> <div> <h:outputLink value="entry.replace('?'.CR2 43 . private String searchPattern.
@Name("entryAction") @Scope(STATELESS) public class EntryAction { @In(create=true) private Blog blog. which retrieves the needed data—the blogEntry—and places it in the Seam event context.. the following is rendered: Example 1.. and so Seam provides the notion of a page action. not just for page actions.35.xhtml.xhtml" action="#{entryAction. This is not a standard feature of JSF EL.challenge}"/> <page view-id="*" action="#{blog. it would have been easier to use pull-style MVC here as well. if (blogEntry==null) throw new EntryNotFoundException(id).hit}"/> </pages> Notice that the example is using page actions for some other functionality—the login challenge. Also notice the use of a parameter in the page action method binding. <page view-id="/entry.36.Seam Tutorial 1. but also in JSF method bindings.xhtml" action="#{loginAction. The entryAction component works much like an action class in a traditional push-MVC action-oriented framework like Struts: Example 1. <pages> .xhtml page is requested.hitCount. The Blog example uses a page action for the blog entry page. then runs the page action. but Seam lets you use it. it makes more sense to use push-style MVC for processing RESTful pages. JBoss Seam 2. @Out private BlogEntry blogEntry. entry.xml: Example 1. Note that this is a little bit contrived.34.loadBlogEntry(blogEntry. and the pageview counter. When the entry. Finally.getBlogEntry(id).0.CR2 44 .3. Seam first binds the page parameter blogEntryId to the model. } } Page actions are also declared in pages.id}"/> </page> <page view-id="/post. Using "push"-style MVC in a RESTful application Very occasionally.9.0.id)}"> <param name="blogEntryId" value="#{blogEntry. public void loadBlogEntry(String id) throws EntryNotFoundException { blogEntry = blog.
38. <h:outputText value="#{blogEntry.CR2 45 .Seam Tutorial <div class="blogEntry"> <h3>#{blogEntry. @Name("entryAction") @Scope(STATELESS) public class EntryAction { @In(create=true) private Blog blog.0. not a 505.id}"/> </page> .SC_NOT_FOUND) public class EntryNotFoundException extends Exception { EntryNotFoundException(String id) { super("entry not found: " + id). } } <pages> .locale}" type="both"/> </h:outputText>] </p> </div> If the blog entry is not found in the database..date}"> <f:convertDateTime timezone="#{blog. @In @Out private BlogEntry blogEntry. We want this exception to result in a 404 error. public void loadBlogEntry() throws EntryNotFoundException { blogEntry = blog. <page view-id="/entry. </pages> JBoss Seam 2. @ApplicationException(rollback=true) @HttpError(errorCode=HttpServletResponse.getBlogEntry( blogEntry.title}</h3> <div> <h:outputText escape="false" value="#{blogEntry. } } An alternative implementation of the example does not use the parameter in the method binding: Example 1. if (blogEntry==null) throw new EntryNotFoundException(id)...37.loadBlogEntry}"> <param name="blogEntryId" value="#{blogEntry.xhtml" action="#{entryAction.0.body}"/> </div> <p> [Posted on . the EntryNotFoundException exception is thrown.getId() ).timeZone}" locale="#{blog. so we annotate the exception class: Example 1..
CR2 46 .0. JBoss Seam 2.Seam Tutorial It is a matter of taste which implementation you prefer.0.
Eclipse workspace. and reverse engineer an application from a preexisting database. 2. together with some templates.2 and Ant 1.2. Setting up a new Eclipse project The first thing we need to do is configure seam-gen for your environment: JBoss AS installation directory. JBoss AS 4. Before you start Make sure you have JDK 5 or JDK 6.0. Seam-gen is basically just a big ugly Ant script wrapped around Hibernate Tools. and gives you some ammunition for next time you find yourself trapped in an elevator with one of those tedious Ruby guys ranting about how great and wonderful his new toy is for building totally trivial applications that put things in databases. due to bugs in the JVM. using seam-gen The Seam distribution includes a command line utility that makes it really easy to set up an Eclipse project. the JBoss IDE plugin for Eclipse and the TestNG plugin for Eclipse correctly installed before starting. In this release.Chapter 2. the following is our minimum recommendation: -Xms256m -Xmx512m -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=256 If you're running JBoss from the command line. along with recent versions of Eclipse. when you get your first OutOfMemoryException. you don't have to—come back to it later. seam-gen works best for people with JBoss AS.conf. we want to show you how to use it in conjunction with Eclipse for debugging and integration testing. If you don't want to install Eclipse. you can configure the JVM options in bin/run. 2. you can still follow along with this tutorial—all steps can be performed from the command line. but in this tutorial. Add your JBoss installation to the JBoss Server View in Eclipse.1. repeated redeployment of an EAR—which is common during development—eventually causes the JVM to run out of perm gen space. Getting started with Seam. under "VM arguments".CR2 47 . we recommend running JBoss in a JVM with a large perm gen space at development time. It's easy. We suggest the following values: -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=512 If you don't have so much memory available.6. If you're running JBoss from JBoss IDE. generate some simple Seam skeleton code. Finally. you can configure this in the server launch configuration. Unfortunately. If you don't want to bother with this stuff now. That makes it easy to customize if you need to.0. For this reason.x seam setup JBoss Seam 2. start a command prompt in the directory where you unzipped the Seam distribution. and database connection. JBoss has sophisticated support for hot re-deployment of WARs and EARs. You can use seam-gen without Eclipse.0. Start JBoss in debug mode. just type: cd jboss-seam-2. This is the easy way to get your feet wet with Seam. You can use the generated project with other J2EE or Java EE 5 application servers by making a few manual changes to the project configuration.
oracle.jar [input] Enter JDBC driver class for your database [com.Getting started with Seam.0 and require Java EE 5. WAR projects do not support EJB 3. The settings are stored in seam-gen/build. We'll assume that you've chosen an EAR deployment for the rest of the tutorial.0.n.postgres.helloworld] org.jboss.new has already been set. make sure you tell seam-gen that the tables already exist in the database./mysql-connector. choose ear.MySQLDialect] [input] Enter the filesystem path to the JDBC driver jar [lib/hsqldb.helloworld. If you are working with an existing data model.mssql.test] [input] What kind of database are you using? [hsql] (hsql.properties.Driver] [input] Enter the JDBC URL for your database [jdbc:mysql:///test] [input] Enter database username [sa] gavin [input] Enter database password [] [input] skipping input as property hibernate..sql each time you n [propertyfile] Creating new property file: C:\Projects\jboss-seam\seam-gen\build.db2. [input] Enter the database catalog name (it is OK to leave this blank) [] [input] Are you working with tables that already exist in the database? [n] (y.jboss.0.GA] [input] Enter the project name [myproject] helloworld [input] Is this project deployed as an EAR (with EJB components) or a WAR (with no EJB support) [e [input] Enter the Java package name for your session beans [com. which you can accept by just pressing enter at the prompt.) mysql [input] Enter the Hibernate dialect for your database [org.helloworld] [input] Enter the Java package name for your test cases [org.jar] .0.0.) y [input] Do you want to drop and recreate the database tables and data in import.2. Otherwise./.properties [echo] Installing JDBC driver jar to JBoss server [echo] Type 'seam new-project' to create the new project BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 1 minute 17 seconds C:\Projects\jboss-seam> The tool provides sensible defaults. using seam-gen And you will be prompted for the needed information: C:\Projects\jboss-seam>seam setup Buildfile: build.sybase. but you can follow exactly the same steps for a WAR deployment.dialect.jdbc. but you can also modify them simply by running seam setup a second time.mydomain. JBoss Seam 2.mysql.CR2 48 .xml setup: [echo] Welcome to seam-gen :-) [input] Enter your Java project workspace [C:/Projects] [input] Enter your JBoss home directory [C:/Program Files/jboss-4.. EAR projects support EJB 3. but may be deployed to a J2EE environment. The packaging of a WAR is also simpler to understand. The most important choice you need to make is between EAR deployment and WAR deployment of your project.helloworld [input] Enter the Java package name for your entity beans [org.jboss.mysql.default_schema.hibernate. If you installed an EJB3-ready application server like JBoss. choose war.
along with Eclipse metadata and an Ant build script. Go to http://localhost:8080/helloworld to see a welcome page. and see the results immediately. and they are 90% the same between all Seam projects.. you will need to select a Java SE 5 compliant JDK using Project -> Properties -> Java Compiler.sql files are for use when deploying the application to your development database.0. The database schema and the test data in import-test.sql files are used when running the TestNG unit tests against HSQLDB. The myproject-dev-ds. This is a facelets page. you can deploy the project from outside Eclipse by typing seam explode.. The jboss-beans. typing the Project name (helloworld in this case). Alternatively. the stuff you need to create once and then never look at again. persistence-dev. Do not select Java Project from the New Project wizard. using seam-gen Now we can create a new project in our Eclipse workspace directory. The schema might be exported automatically at deployment.xhtml. (They are so easy to write that even seam-gen can do it.. If your default JDK in Eclipse is not a Java SE 5 or Java SE 6 JDK.xmland import-prod. by typing: seam new-project C:\Projects\jboss-seam>seam new-project Buildfile: build. in eclipse. They are mostly standard Java EE stuff..xml and import-test.xml. dependent jars and the JDBC driver jar to a new Eclipse project. and generates all needed resources and configuration files.Getting started with Seam. or the template.xhtml. a facelets template file and stylesheet.xml.xml validate-workspace: validate-project: copy-lib: [echo] Copying project jars .) The generated project includes three database and persistence configurations. persistence-prod. You can edit this page. JBoss Seam 2. and then clicking Finish. The Eclipse project will be automatically deployed to an exploded directory structure in JBoss AS as soon as you add the project using New -> Project.CR2 49 .sql is always exported to the database before running tests.sql files are for use when deploying the application to your production database. using the template view/layout/template.xml. -> General -> Project -> Next. Don't get scared by the XML configuration documents that were generated into the project directory. persistence-test. view/home. by clicking refresh in your browser.xmland import-dev. depending upon whether you told seam-gen that you are working with an existing database. The schema is not exported automatically at deployment. [copy] Copying 58 files to C:\Projects\helloworld\lib [copy] Copying 9 files to C:\Projects\helloworld\embedded-ejb file-copy-war: file-copy-ear: [echo] Copying resources needed for EAR deployment to the C:\Projects\helloworld/resources direct new-project: [echo] A new Seam project named 'helloworld' was created in the C:\Projects directory [echo] Type 'seam explode' and go to http://localhost:8080/helloworld [echo] Eclipse Users: Add the project into Eclipse using File > New > Project and select General [echo] NetBeans Users: Open the project in NetBeans BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 7 seconds C:\Projects\jboss-seam> This copies the Seam jars. The myprojectprod-ds.0.
3. Another way to force a restart is to edit the file resources/META-INF/application. and generate a new facelets page and Seam component for your project. Creating a form with an action The next step is to create a form.xml file from inside Eclipse.0. or by running the restart target in the generated project build. and click the button again. locate the PingTest.xml validate-workspace: validate-project: action-input: [input] Enter the Seam component name ping [input] Enter the local interface name [Ping] [input] Enter the bean class name [PingBean] [input] Enter the action method name [ping] [input] Enter the page name [ping] setup-filters: new-action: [echo] [copy] [copy] [copy] [copy] [copy] [echo] Creating a new stateless session bean component with an action method Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\helloworld\src\action\org\jboss\helloworld Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\helloworld\src\action\org\jboss\helloworld Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\helloworld\src\action\org\jboss\helloworld\test Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\helloworld\src\action\org\jboss\helloworld\test Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\helloworld\view Type 'seam restart' and go to http://localhost:8080/helloworld/ping. Note that you do not need to restart JBoss each time you change the application.seam and click the button.4. we need to restart the exploded directory deployment. You can see the code behind this action by looking in the project src directory. Creating a new action If you're used to traditional action-style web frameworks. Now go to http://localhost:8080/helloworld/ping. Alternatively. using seam-gen 2. Type: JBoss Seam 2.xml file in the test package and run the integration tests using the TestNG plugin for Eclipse. You can do this by typing seam restart. 2. you're probably wondering how you can create a simple web page with a stateless action method in Java.Getting started with Seam.0. Put a breakpoint in the ping() method. run the tests using seam test or the test target of the generated build.xml in Eclipse. If you type: seam new-action Seam will prompt for some information. C:\Projects\jboss-seam>seam new-action Buildfile: build.CR2 50 .seam BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 13 seconds C:\Projects\jboss-seam> Because we've added a new Seam component. Finally.
we can type seam deploy at the command prompt.xml validate-workspace: validate-project: action-input: [input] Enter the Seam component name hello [input] Enter the local interface name [Hello] [input] Enter the bean class name [HelloBean] [input] Enter the action method name [hello] [input] Enter the page name [hello] setup-filters: new-form: [echo] [copy] [copy] [copy] [copy] [copy] [echo] Creating a new stateful session bean component with an action method Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\hello\src\com\hello Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\hello\src\com\hello Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\hello\src\com\hello\test Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\hello\view Copying 1 file to C:\Projects\hello\src\com\hello\test Type 'seam restart' and go to http://localhost:8080/hello/hello. 2. You can undeploy using seam undeploy or the undeploy target.CR2 51 . Try adding some new fields to the form and Seam component (remember to restart the deployment each time you change the Java code).5. and go to http://localhost:8080/helloworld. First.seam BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 5 seconds C:\Projects\jboss-seam> Restart the application again.Getting started with Seam. we need to remove the exploded directory by running seam unexplode. 2. edit existing objects. or run the deploy target of the generated project build script.0. using seam-gen seam new-form C:\Projects\jboss-seam>seam new-form Buildfile: C:\Projects\jboss-seam\seam-gen\build. Then take a look at the generated code. just run seam setup again. Generating an application from an existing database Manually create some tables in your database. and create new objects. To deploy the EAR.0. If you look at the generated code. even for people who don't want to cheat by using seam-gen. Deploying the application as an EAR Finally. and go to http://localhost:8080/helloworld/hello. JBoss Seam 2.6. (If you need to switch to a different database. we want to be able to deploy the application using standard Java EE 5 packaging.seam.) Now type: seam generate-entities Restart the deployment. Run the test. you'll probably be amazed how simple it is! Seam was designed so that data access code is easy to write by hand. You can browse the database.
sql files. seam-gen does not support incremental hot deployment for EAR projects.xml and import-dev.8. persistence-staging.7.0. However. Just add appropriately named files to your project—for example.xml file But if we want to change any Java code.xml may not be hot-deployed the hot-deployable components will not be visible to any classes deployed outside of WEB-INF/dev Seam debug mode must be enabled • • • • If you create a WAR project using seam-gen. You can change the profile. we still need to do a full restart of the application.0. by typing seam -Dprofile=prod deploy You can even define new deployment profiles for your application. so that they will be loaded by a special Seam classloader. or web. (In JBoss this may be accomplished by touching the top level deployment descriptor: application.xml for an EAR deployment. To make use of this functionality. the application will be deployed with the dev profile.xml file will be deployed.0 JBoss Seam 2. Using Seam with JBoss 4. incremental hot deployment is available out of the box for classes in the src/action source directory. You need to be aware of the following limitations: • the components must be JavaBean components.CR2 52 . and use the prod profile. You need to enable debug mode in both Seam and Facelets. Seam supports incremental redeployment of JavaBean components. the following files may be redeployed without requiring a full restart of the web application: • • any facelets page any pages. you must deploy the JavaBean components into the WEBINF/dev directory. instead of by the WAR or EAR classloader.xml. 2. Seam and incremental hot deployment When you deploy your Seam application as an exploded directory. you'll get some support for incremental hot deployment at development time.xml—and select the name of the profile using -Dprofile=staging.xml for a WAR deployment.) But if you really want a fast edit/compile/test cycle. import-staging. by adding this line to components.xml: <core:init debug="true"/> Now. and the myproject-dev-ds.sql and myproject-staging-ds. using seam-gen By default.Getting started with Seam. 2. they cannot be EJB3 beans (we are working on fixing this limitation) entities can never be hot-deloyed components deployed via components. The EAR will include the persistencedev.
0.8.jar to that directory. we recommend using JBoss 4. it is still possible to use Seam 2.Getting started with Seam.5 using the JEMS 1.0.1.jboss. you'll need to copy jsf-api. Seam 2.0 and replace MyFaces with the JSF 1. which bundles the JSF 1. When using JBoss AS.2.0 JBoss 4. The el JARs can be obtained from the Seam 1. There are two basic steps required to do this: install an EJB3-enabled version of JBoss 4.jar any myfaces-impl. Seam will not run with an installation that doesn't include EJB3 support. You'll also need to edit the conf/web. Once you complete these steps.com/jemsinstaller/downloads.jar.0.0 platform.8.xml. The JSF JARs can be found in the Seam lib directory.jar. JBoss Seam 2.2 RI The web configuration for JBoss 4.2 reference implementation. Install the JSF 1. replacing myfaces-impl. Then.jar. The JEMS installer can be downloaded from http://labs.0 does not ship a default configuration compatible with Seam.0 can be found in the server/default/deploy/jbossweb-tomcat55.2 installer with the ejb3 profile selected.2. Install JBoss 4. To run Seam. jsf-impl.jar from the jsf-libs directory.2 release.0.2 reference implementation.0 on the JBoss 4.sar.2.0 applications can be deployed to JBoss 4. You'll need to delete myfaces-api.0 was developed for JavaServer Faces 1. el-api. 2.jar with jsf-impl. using seam-gen Seam 2.jar. 2. you must install JBoss 4.CR2 53 . However. and el-ri.
The contextual component model The two core concepts in Seam are the notion of a context and the notion of a component. for example. Bijection provides a mechanism for aliasing internal component names (instance variables) to contextual names. contexts are demarcated via annotations. One reason state management in web applications is so fragile and error-prone is that the three built-in contexts (request. the event context associated with the lifecycle of a JSF reJBoss Seam 2. and an instance of a component is associated with a context. they are important and often useful. Seam contexts Seam contexts are created and destroyed by the framework. and is a generalization of the notion of the web request context to cover other kinds of events. since they are the contexts which are most meaningful in terms of the application.2. however.1. 3.1. usually EJBs. and are arguably not very objectoriented. two of them might be new to you: conversation context. Stateless components are not very interesting. Nevertheless. primarily) always live in the stateless context (this is really a non-context). 3. 3. and reassembled by Seam. The application does not control context demarcation via explicit Java API calls.0. A user login session. is a fairly arbitrary construct in terms of the actual application work flow.1.Chapter 3. Context are usually implicit. session and application) are not especially meaningful from the point of view of the business logic. and business process context.0. Event context The event context is the "narrowest" stateful context.CR2 54 . Components are stateful objects. Stateless context Components which are truly stateless (stateless session beans. and given a name in that context. However. In some cases. Nevertheless. allowing component trees to be dynamically assembled. Let's look at each context in turn. Let's start by describing the contexts built in to Seam. most Seam components are scoped to the conversation or business process contexts.1. The basic Seam contexts are: • • • • • • • Stateless context Event (or request) context Page context Conversation context Session context Business process context Application context You will recognize some of these contexts from servlet and related specifications. Therefore.
0. Conversations that span multiple requests must be demarcated using annotations provided by Seam. Some conversations are also tasks.0. and has the potential to trigger a business process state transition when it is successfully completed. in this window". "book hotel". "approve contract". Components associated with the event context are destroyed at the end of the request. Conversations may be nested. It might take you some time to get used to thinking of applications in terms of conversations. But to the user. Alternatively. While there are some cases where it is use- JBoss Seam 2. 3. You might like to think of a conversation implementing a single "use case" or "user story". so this construct is extremely robust with respect to multi-window operation and the back button. automatically destroying inactive conversations.1. It might span several interactions with the user. Seam may be configured to keep conversational state in the client browser. and thus ensuring that the state held by a single user login session does not grow without bound if the user abandons conversations. but their state is available and well-defined for at least the lifecycle of the request. but the relationship is not necessarily quite exact. "create order" are all conversations. For example.1.3. the event context is created and destroyed just for the invocation. A task is a conversation that is significant in terms of a long-running business process. and several database transactions.5. Usually. usually in multiple windows. several requests. and the one you will work with most often. The state is actually serialized to the client. Seam provides a special set of annotations for task demarcation.4. When you invoke a Seam component via RMI. conversation state is actually held by Seam in the servlet session between requests. Page context The page context allows you to associate state with a particular instance of a rendered page. and never be able to not think in terms of conversations again! Some conversations last for just a single request.CR2 55 . where the list is backed by changing data on the server side. Seam serializes processing of concurrent requests that take place in the same long-running conversation context. A single user may have multiple conversations in progress at any point in time. 3. This is an advanced feature. or Seam Remoting.1. This is especially useful for functionality like clickable lists. But once you get used to it. 3. or while actually rendering the page. a conversation solves a single problem. we think you'll love the notion. Session context A session context holds state associated with the user login session. with one conversation taking place "inside" a wider conversation. A conversation holds state associated with "what the user is doing now. Conversation context The conversation context is a truly central concept in Seam. The conversation context allows us to ensure that state from the different conversations does not collide and cause bugs. and then have access to it from any event that originates from that page. You can initialize state in your event listener. in the same process. Seam implements configurable conversation timeout. A conversation is a unit of work from the point of view of the user.The contextual component model quest is the most important example of an event context.
8. so there are no special annotations for business process demarcation. Seam stores its own configuration and metamodel in the application context. all stateful scopes are searched. so this state is shared between multiple users. and put component instances into a context via outjection. Other times.1.6. Usually. a component instance is identified by the context variable name (this is usually. a set of context variables. Application context The application context is the familiar servlet context from the servlet spec. 3. the session context represents the portlet session. Business process context The business process context holds state associated with the long running business process. Context variables A context defines a namespace.getSessionContext(). 3.9.1. The order is as follows: • • • Event context Page context Conversation context JBoss Seam 2.set("user". This state is managed and made persistent by the BPM engine (JBoss jBPM). 3. For example. 3. but in a well-defined manner. You may bind any value you like to a context variable. The current task determines the current business process instance.1. in priority order. as above. In a JSR-168 portal environment. which provides access to several thread-bound instances of the Context interface: User user = (User) Contexts. however. You may also set or change the value associated with a name: Contexts.CR2 56 . Application context is mainly useful for holding static information such as configuration data. So.7.get("user"). we generally frown on the use of session context for holding components other than global information about the logged in user. Context search priority Sometimes. we obtain components from a context via injection. These work much the same as session or request attributes in the servlet spec. user). but usually we bind Seam component instances to context variables. You may programatically access a named component instance in a particular scope via the Contexts class.getSessionContext().0. within a context. The business process spans multiple interactions with multiple users. reference data or metamodels.0.The contextual component model ful to share state between several conversations. component instances are obtained from a particular known scope. the same as the component name). but not always.1. and the lifecycle of the business process is defined externally using a process definition language.
The Seam session and application contexts are multithreaded. session scope components are always protected by Seam from concurrent access.0 compliant container. but in practice concurrency is sufficiently rare that this fact may be disregarded most of the time.lookupInStatefulContexts(). since application scoped components do not usually hold volatile state and because synchronization at the global level is extremely expensive. Seam enforces a single thread per conversation per process model for the conversation context by serializing concurrent requests in the same long-running conversation context.0 entity beans JavaBeans JBoss Seam 2. synchronous requests. Concurrency model Neither the servlet nor EJB specifications define any facilities for managing concurrent requests originating from the same client. In particular.0 stateful session beans EJB 3. 3. you can force a serialized threading model on any session bean or JavaBean component by adding the @Synchronized annotation. a priority search occurs. 3. Finally.0 stateless session beans EJB 3. they are JavaBeans or EJB 3.0. The EJB container allows stateless components to be accessed concurrently. and must be supported by the programming model.2. and throws an exception if multiple threads access a stateful session bean. • • • • EJB 3. This behavior might have been okay in old-style web applications which were based around fine-grained. concurrency is a fact of life. This is not the default behaviour for application scoped components however.0 enterprise beans.10. Seam will allow concurrent requests in a context to be processed concurrently. without the need for any special work on the part of the developer.0. The event and page contexts are by nature single threaded. However. This concurrency model means that AJAX clients can safely use volatile session and conversational state. Seam components Seam components are POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects).0 in mind and includes deep integration with EJB 3. The business process context is strictly speaking multi-threaded. asynchronous (AJAX) requests. Seam was designed with EJB 3. Seam weaves a concurrency management layer into its context model. But for modern applications which make heavy use of many fine-grained.1. and often contains volatile state. Seam supports the following component types. Whenever you access a component by name from a JSF page. While Seam does not require that components be EJBs and can even be used without an EJB 3. Seam serializes requests to session scope session beans and JavaBeans by default (and detects and breaks any deadlocks that occur). Since the session context is multithreaded. The servlet container simply lets all threads run concurrently and leaves enforcing threadsafeness to application code.CR2 57 .0.The contextual component model • • • Session context Business process context Application context You can perform a priority search by calling Contexts.
rather than being instantiated implicitly by Seam. entity instances are usually bound explicitly in Java code.getInstance() or @In(create=true). and ensure that there are no collisions between state relating to different concurrent conversations. and as backing beans that provide properties to JSF components for display or form submission. stateful session beans are bound to the conversation context. Entity beans are not usually used as JSF action listeners. but do often function as backing beans that provide properties to JSF components for display or form submission. it is common to use an entity as a backing bean. 3. Stateful session beans are often used as JSF action listener. By default.0. Entity beans Entity beans may be bound to a context variable and function as a seam component. They should not be directly instantiated via JNDI lookup or the new operator.2. This is a major difference between Seam and many other web application frameworks. In particular. Seam stateless session bean components may be instantiated using Component.0. Entity bean components do not support bijection or context demarcation. This allows Seam to manage the lifecycle of this state for you. but also across multiple requests. Nor does invocation of an entity bean trigger validation.2. Stateless session beans are the least interesting kind of Seam component. Application state that does not belong in the database should usually be held by stateful session beans. They may be used as JSF action listeners. They may never be bound to the stateless context. Therefore.2.0 message-driven beans 3. Stateful session beans Stateful session bean components are able to hold state not only across multiple invocations of the bean. They may never be bound to the page or stateless contexts. they usually work by operating upon the state of other components in the various Seam contexts. 3.getInstance() or @In(create=true). Instead of sticking information about the current conversation directly in the HttpSession. together with a stateless session bean action listener to implement create/update/delete type functionality.3. They should not be directly instantiated via JNDI lookup or the new operator.2. entity beans are bound to the conversation context.CR2 58 .1.The contextual component model • EJB 3. Concurrent requests to session-scoped stateful session beans are always serialized by Seam. but cannot provide properties to JSF components for display. Stateless session beans Stateless session bean components are not able to hold state across multiple invocations. Stateless session beans always live in the stateless context. you should keep it in instance variables of a stateful session bean that is bound to the conversation context. JBoss Seam 2. Seam stateful session bean components may be instantiated using Component. Because entities have a persistent identity in addition to their contextual identity. By default.
For entity beans. efficient clustered state replication. Message-driven beans are never instantiated by the application.4. We could use an annotation. etc). They should not be directly instantiated using the new operator. For this reason. In this use case. Message-driven beans may not be bound to a Seam context. @In(create=true) or directly using the new operator. Message-driven beans Message-driven beans may function as a seam component...getInstance(). EJB 3. they do support bijection and some other Seam functionality. context demarcation. that in many application servers it is somewhat less efficient to cluster conversation or session scoped Seam JavaBean components than it is to cluster stateful session bean components. For JavaBeans. 3. we show you how to use Seam and Hibernate without an EJB container. timeout methods.CR2 59 . <interceptors> JBoss Seam 2. they listen for messages sent to a JMS queue or topic. By default. validation. Interception In order to perform its magic (bijection. and no special configuration is needed. Seam must intercept component invocations.class) public class LoginAction implements Login { .The contextual component model Note that it in a clustered environment is somewhat less efficient to bind an entity bean directly to a conversation or session scoped Seam context variable than it would be to hold a reference to the entity bean in a stateful session bean. Seam is in full control of instantiation of the component. as follows: @Stateless @Interceptors(SeamInterceptor. components are JavaBeans instead of session beans.0. message-driven beans are called quite differently to other Seam components . they do not provide the functionality of a session bean (declarative transaction demarcation. we must register an EJB interceptor for the session bean component. In a later chapter. Seam entity bean components may be instantiated using Component. JavaBeans Javabeans may be used just like a stateless or stateful session bean.2.0. etc). However. However. not all Seam applications define entity beans to be Seam components. however. 3. They are instantiated by the EJB container when a message is received. declarative security. JavaBeans are bound to the event context.6. 3. However. Concurrent requests to session-scoped JavaBeans are always serialized by Seam. For session beans. } But a much better way is to define the interceptor in ejb-jar. Note.5. Seam JavaBean components may be instantiated using Component.0 persistence.2.instead of invoking them via the context variable.getInstance() or @In(create=true). Nor do they have access to the session or conversation state of their "caller".2.xml. interception is not required since bijection and context demarcation are not defined.
a seam component instance is usually bound to a context variable with the same name as the component name.jboss.myapp. For example.7.jboss.. If we don't. for example.0. is not the only way to define a component name. @Name("com.seam. but we always need to specify the name somewhere. again like JSF.jboss. but most of them are aliased to a simple name by JBoss Seam 2.. Component names All seam components need a name. @Name Just like in JSF. seam component names work just like JSF managed bean names and you can think of the two concepts as identical. while a User that is the subject of some administration functionality might be bound to the user conversation context variable. For very large applications. and for built-in seam components.getStatelessContext(). However. then none of the other Seam annotations will function.SeamInterceptor</interceptor-class> </interceptor-binding> </assembly-descriptor> 3.ejb. } We may use the qualified component name both in Java code and in JSF's expression language: <h:commandButton type="submit" value="Login" action="#{com. We can assign a name to a component using the @Name annotation: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { ..SeamInterceptor</interceptor-class> </interceptor> </interceptors> <assembly-descriptor> <interceptor-binding> <ejb-name>*</ejb-name> <interceptor-class>org..ejb. it is possible for the application to bind a component to some other context variable by programmatic API call.0.xml file: <factory name="loginAction" scope="STATELESS" value="#{com.loginAction}"/> All of the built-in Seam components have qualified names. it binds the new instance to a variable with the component name.myapp. In particular. we would access the LoginAction using Contexts.loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { . Add a line like this to the components.myapp. However.get("loginAction").2.loginAction.login}"/> Since this is noisy.jboss.The contextual component model <interceptor> <interceptor-class>org.seam. } This name is the seam component name and is not related to any other name defined by the EJB specification. the currently logged in User might be bound to the currentUser session context variable. whenever Seam itself instantiates a component. This is only useful if a particular component serves more than one role in the system.jboss. qualified names are often used. Seam also provides a means of aliasing a qualified name to a simple name.CR2 60 . So.
The @Role annotation lets us define an additional named role for a component. just like any Seam components.CR2 61 . JBoss Seam 2.ScopeType defines an enumeration of possible scopes. #{user.instance(). Built-in components Like many good frameworks.The contextual component model the components.xml file included in the Seam jar.core and the Java package of the same name..seam. @Role(name="tempUser". scope=SESSION) public class User { .10. 3. when it is instantiated by Seam.2. } org..... The built-in components may be injected.) @Name("user") @Entity @Scope(CONVERSATION) @Role(name="currentUser".2. Seam eats its own dogfood and is implemented mostly as a set of built-in Seam interceptors (see later) and Seam components. but they also provide convenient static instance() methods: FacesMessages.. For example.name}!"). } The @Roles annotation lets us specify as many additional roles as we like. Defining the component scope We can override the default scope (context) of a component using the @Scope annotation.2. and take advantage of auto-instantiation. } 3. with a different scope—it lets us bind the same component class to different context variables. The built-in components are defined in the Seam namespace org.0. @Name("user") @Entity @Scope(CONVERSATION) @Roles({@Role(name="currentUser". scope=SESSION). This lets us define what context a component instance is bound to. 3.seam.0.jboss. This makes it easy for applications to interact with built-in components at runtime or even customize the basic functionality of Seam by replacing the built-in components with custom implementations. but this lets us do it at the class level. (Any Seam component instance may be bound to multiple context variables.add("Welcome back. Components with multiple roles Some Seam component classes can fulfill more than one role in the system. @Name("user") @Entity @Scope(SESSION) public class User { . scope=EVENT)}) public class User { .8. we often have a User class which is usually used as a session-scoped component representing the current user but is used in user administration screens as a conversation-scoped component.jboss.9.
Seam emphasizes the use of stateful components. allowing the component being invoked to manipulate the values of contextual variables simply by setting its own instance variables dynamic . If you want Seam to create an instance of the component when there is no existing component instance bound to the named context variable. either into an instance variable: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { @In User user.. If the value is optional (it can be null). The @In annotation specifies that a value should be injected. @In("currentUser").3. and since Seam components are stateful. and the reference does not subsequently change for the lifetime of the component instance. Of course. by specifying that the value of the instance variable is injected. or both. and also outjected from the component attributes back out to the context. You may wish to specify the context variable name explicitly. @In public void setUser(User user) { this. this is reasonable. In contrast to injection. . bijection takes place every time a component is invoked • • In essence.bijection is used to assemble stateful components from various different contexts (a component from a "wider" context may even have a reference to a component from a "narrower" context) bidirectional . all instances of a particular stateless component are interchangeable. } or into a setter method: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { User user. outjected. you should specify @In(create=true)..CR2 62 . injection occurs when the component is constructed. JBoss Seam 2..The contextual component model 3. bijection is: • contextual ..0. Bijection Dependency injection or inversion of control is by now a familiar concept to most Java developers. } By default. using.user=user. specify @In(required=false). bijection lets you alias a context variable to a component instance variable. For stateless components. Seam introduces the notion of bijection as a generalization of injection. we use annotations to enable bijection. In all dependency injection implementations that we have seen. for example.values are injected from context variables into attributes of the component being invoked. } .0. From the point of view of a client. Dependency injection allows a component to obtain a reference to another component by having the container "inject" the other component to a setter method or instance variable.since the value of contextual variables changes over time. using the name of the property or instance variable that is being injected. On the other hand. So traditional dependency injection is no longer a very useful construct. Seam will do a priority search of all contexts.
user=user. You can even inject the value of an expression: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { @In("#{user.0.CR2 63 . } JBoss Seam 2.username}") String username. } An attribute may be both injected and outjected: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { @In @Out User user.. @In public void setUser(User user) { this. even without the explicit use of create=true.) The @Out annotation specifies that an attribute should be outjected.. } @Out public User getUser() { return user. @Out public User getUser() { return user. } (There is much more information about component lifecycle and injection in the next chapter.... . } .. } or from a getter method: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { User user. } or: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { User user.0. whenever needed. . you can annotate the component @AutoCreate.The contextual component model For some components.. . either from an instance variable: @Name("loginAction") @Stateless public class LoginAction implements Login { @Out User user. In such cases. and then it will always be created. it can be repetitive to have to specify @In(create=true) everywhere they are used..
2. FRAMEWORK APPLICATION DEPLOYMENT 3. @PreDestroy. etc). — for application components which are deployment-specific. a related annotation is the @Startup annotation. In addition. but are overridden by application components.0 lifecycle callback (@PostConstruct. — components defined by third-party frameworks may override built-in components. works by letting you specify precedence and dependencies. Components may define only one @Create method. JBoss Seam 2.0. Seam will choose the component with the higher precendence. Seam defines two additional component lifecycle callbacks.. The @Destroy method is called when the context that the Seam component is bound to ends. This is useful if: • • • You want to mock out some infrastructural component in tests.. @Install The precedence of a component is a number that Seam uses to decide which component to install when there are multiple classes with the same component name in the classpath. It is possible to control the order of instantiation of startup components by specifying @Startup(depends={. There are some predefined precedence values (in ascending order): 1. since these annotations are not available in a J2EE environment.}). when the context begins. This method is called by Seam when the context ends. The @Startup annotation tells Seam to instantiate the component immediately. Components may define only one @Destroy method. stateful session bean components must define a method with no parameters annotated @Remove. which may be applied to any application or session scoped component. instead of waiting until it is first referenced by a client. 4. } 3..5.. Conditional installation The @Install annotation lets you control conditional installation of components that are required in some deployment scenarios and not in others.. — the default precedence. 3. Lifecycle methods Session bean and entity bean Seam components support all the usual EJB 3. You want to install some components only if their dependencies are available (useful for framework authors). But Seam also supports the use of any of these callbacks with JavaBean components.The contextual component model .0.CR2 64 . The @Create method is called after Seam instantiates a component. However. BUILT_IN — the lowest precedece components are the components built in to Seam. You want change the implementation of a component in certain deployment scenarios. equivalent to @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy.4. This is appropriate for most application components. Finally.
debug("Creating new order for user: " + user.CR2 65 . product. so we would like to stub out this method.isDebugEnabled() ) { log.getLog(CreateOrderAction.debug("Creating new order for user: #0 product: #1 quantity: #2". and upon what classes are available in the classpath.username() + " product: " + product. Logging Who is not totally fed up with seeing noisy code like this? private static final Log log = LogFactory. } JBoss Seam 2. public Order createOrder(User user.name() + " quantity: " + quantity). MOCK — for mock objects used in testing. user. public Order createOrder(User user. Seam provides a logging API that simplifies this code significantly: @Logger private Log log. product. product. However.0. But if I'm writing a reusable framework with many dependecies. Product product.0. int quantity) { log. int quantity) { if ( log. you probably won't need to use it in your application.class). quantity). There is more lines of code tied up in logging than in the actual business logic! I remain totally astonished that the Java community has not come up with anything better in 10 years.6. I want to be able to decide which components to install depending upon what other components are installed. This is nice if we are able to control exactly which classes are in the classpath. Suppose we have a component named messageSender that talks to a JMS queue. quantity). 3. Product product. we don't have a JMS queue available. I don't want to have to break that framework across many jars. } It is difficult to imagine how the code for a simple log message could possibly be more verbose. We'll create a mock component that exists in the classpath when unit tests are running. Seam uses this mechanism internally to enable conditional installation of many of the built-in components. but is never deployed with the application: @Name("messageSender") @Install(precedence=MOCK) public class MockMessageSender extends MessageSender { public void sendMessage() { //do nothing! } } The precedence helps Seam decide which version to use when it finds both components in the classpath. @Name("messageSender") public class MessageSender { public void sendMessage() { //do something with JMS } } In our unit tests.The contextual component model 5. } return new Order(user.nam return new Order(user.username(). The @Install annotation also controls this functionality.
jboss. The Mutable interface and @ReadOnly Many application servers feature an amazingly broken implementation of HttpSession clustering. since they will only manifest when failover occurs. except for entity bean components which require the log variable to be static.0. int quantity) { log. Note also that we don't usually need to specify the log category explicitly. @Name("account") public class Account extends AbstractMutable { private BigDecimal balance. Unfortunately. the actual replication message contains the entire serialized object graph bound to the session attribute.0. } . Seam automatically forces replication to occur by calling setAttribute() once in every request that the component was invoked by the application. Note that we don't need the noisy if ( log.seam. Seam will use JDK logging. balance).0.balance = balance. it gets even better: @Logger private Log log. If User and Product are Seam components available in the current contexts. Of course.. If it is not.. product.username} product: #{product. for session and conversation scoped JavaBean and entity bean components.balance. For session or conversation scoped JavaBean components. Seam provides an extra layer of cluster-safe state management over the top of the web container session clustering.debug("Creating new order for user: #{user. You can control this behavior by implementing the org. Of course. q return new Order(user.core.AbstractMutable.jboss. Seam with use it. not all Seam users have the good fortune to be working in an environment that supports EJB 3. Product product. public Order createOrder(User user. This is a source of bugs that can not effectively be tested for at development time. since string concatenation happens inside the debug() method. } Seam logging automagically chooses whether to send output to log4j or JDK logging. or by extending org. 3. quantity).The contextual component model It doesn't matter if you declare the log variable static or not—it will work either way. For example. public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) { setDirty(this.7. So.isDebugEnabled() ) guard. } public BigDecimal getBalance() { return balance. If log4j is in the classpath.name} quantity: #0".core.CR2 66 . this strategy is inefficient for read-mostly components. and writing your own dirty-checking logic inside the component.Mutable interface. which is inefficient. } JBoss Seam 2. where changes to the state of mutable objects bound to the session are only replicated when the application calls setAttribute() explicitly. EJB stateful session beans must perform automatic dirty checking and replication of mutable state and a sophisticated EJB container can introduce optimizations such as attribute-level replication.seam. since Seam knows what component it is injecting the Log into. Furthermore. this.
This strategy is not necessarily efficient. you can use the @ReadOnly annotation to achieve a similar effect: @Name("account") public class Account { private BigDecimal balance. unless the (conversation-scoped) entity is currently associated with a Seam-managed persistence context. for example).8. The factory method binds a value to the context variable.The contextual component model Or. A factory method will be called when a context variable is referenced but has no value bound to it.. } For session or conversation scoped entity bean components. You can always write a stateful session bean or JavaBean component to "manage" the entity bean instance. and Seam provides a couple of nice features that make it easier to work with non-component objects bound to contexts..0. } . } .0. @Stateful @Name("account") public class AccountManager extends AbstractMutable { private Account account..CR2 67 . // an entity bean @Unwrap public void getAccount() { return account. which is bound to the context by Seam: JBoss Seam 2. The factory component pattern lets a Seam component act as the instantiator for a non-component object. public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) { this. Seam automatically forces replication to occur by calling setAttribute() once in every request. Sometimes. in which case no replication is needed. There are two styles of factory method. The first style returns a value. But we still want to be able to inject them into our components using @In and use them in value and method binding expressions. } @ReadOnly public BigDecimal getBalance() { return balance. we even need to tie them into the Seam context lifecycle (@Destroy. Factory and manager components We often need to work with objects that are not Seam components. So the Seam contexts can contain objects which are not Seam components. 3. } Note that the EntityHome class in the Seam Application Framework provides a great example of managing an entity bean instance using a Seam component. For example. so session or conversation scope entity beans should be used with care.balance = balance.. etc. We define factory methods using the @Factory annotation. and determines the scope of the bound value.
A manager component is any component with an @Unwrap method. we have a Seam component that is bound to a context variable. @Unwrap public List<Hen> getHens() { if (hens == null) { // Setup our hens } return hens. } In both cases.. @In(required=false) Hen hen. @Name("hens") @Scope(APPLICATION) public class HenHouse { Set<Hen> hens. and perform cleanup in the @Destroy method of the manager component.0. For example..remove(hen).CR2 68 ... This method returns the value that will be visable to clients..The contextual component model @Factory(scope=CONVERSATION) public List<Customer> getCustomerList() { return . if you have a heavyweight object that needs a cleanup operation when the context ends you could @Unwrap the object. the factory method is called when we reference the customerList context variable and its value is null. . and then has no further part to play in the lifecycle of the value.. @Name("customerList") @Scope(CONVERSATION) public class CustomerListManager { . } @Observer({"chickBorn". } The second style is a method of type void which binds the value to the context variable itself: @DataModel List<Customer> customerList.. that manages the value of the context variable.add(hen). } } The manager component pattern is especially useful if we have an object where you need more control over the lifecycle of the component. An even more powerful pattern is the manager component pattern. } JBoss Seam 2. In this case. . @Factory("customerList") public void initCustomerList() { customerList = . @Unwrap public List<Customer> getCustomerList() { return . } @Observer("chickenSoldAtMarket") public removeHen() { hens. while remaining invisible to clients. and is called every time a context variable is referenced.0. "chickenBoughtAtMarket"}) public addHen() { hens.. .
a consistent view is provided..clear(). and because the object is unwrapped on every access.The contextual component model @Observer("foxGetsIn") public removeAllHens() { hens. } Here the managed component observes many events which change the underlying object. The component manages these actions itself.0.CR2 69 .. } . JBoss Seam 2.0.
Any directory of a jar that contains classes with an @Name annotation.xml file may appear in one of three different places: • • • The WEB-INF directory of a war.properties file or as a servlet context parameter.CR2 70 . Seam provides two basic approaches to configuring components: configuration via property settings in a properties file or in web.core. Override the scope of a component. The same mechanism is used to configure Seam itself.seam. to enable the creation of re-usable frameworks.Chapter 4.xml. etc. The configurable Seam component must expose JavaBeans-style property setter methods for the configurable attributes. Configuring Seam components The philosophy of minimizing XML-based configuration is extremely strong in Seam.conversationTimeout in web. If a Seam component named com.2. 4. there are various reasons why we might want to configure a Seam component using XML: to isolate deployment-specific information from the Java code.myapp. and application components that have been annotated with the @Name annotation and picked up by Seam's deployment scanner. For example. and configuration via components. Install components that do have a @Name annotation but are not installed by default because of an @Install annotation that indicates the component should not be installed. It lets you: • Configure components that have been installed automatically—including both built-in components.properties in the root of the classpath. (There is a built-in Seam component named org.0. Seam components are installed when the deployment scanner discovers a class with a @Name annotaJBoss Seam 2.jboss.jboss. Configuring components via components.xml The components.properties.manager with a setter method named setConversationTimeout().jboss. Usually.) 4. or via a properties file named seam.locale in the seam.1.core. to set the conversation timeout.myapp. Nevertheless.xml or seam. to configure Seam's built-in functionality. Install classes with no @Name annotation as Seam components—this is most useful for certain kinds of infrastructural components which can be installed multiple times different names (for example Seam-managed persistence contexts).jboss. and Seam will set the value of the locale attribute whenever it instantiates the component. we provide a value for org.settings has a setter method named setLocale().xml file is a bit more powerful than property settings.0.settings. Configuring components via property settings Seam components may be provided with configuration properties either via servlet context parameters.manager. we can provide a property named com.seam. • • • A components.xml. The META-INF directory of a jar.
CR2 71 .persistence.xml file installs jBPM: <components xmlns="http://jboss.seam.w3.Jbpm"/> </components> This one installs and configures two different Seam-managed persistence contexts: <components xmlns="http://jboss.seam.persistence. For example.persistence.bpm.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:bpm="http://jboss. the following components.com/products/seam/bpm"> <bpm:jbpm/> </components> This example does the same thing: <components> <component class="org.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:persistence="http://jboss.0.0.ManagedPersistenceContext"> <property name="persistenceUnitJndiName">java:/customerEntityManagerFactory</property> </component> <component name="accountingDatabase" class="org.ManagedPersistenceContext"> <property name="persistenceUnitJndiName">java:/productEntityManagerFactory</property> </component> JBoss Seam 2.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:persistence="http://jboss.jboss.com/products/seam/persistence" <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="productDatabase" scope="session" persistence-unit-jndi-name="java:/productEntityManagerFactory"/> </components> <components> <component name="productDatabase" scope="session" class="org.) The components.xml file lets us handle special cases where we need to override the annotations.properties file or a META-INF/components.seam.Configuring Seam components tion sitting in an archive with a seam.jboss.jboss.ManagedPersistenceContext"> <property name="persistenceUnitJndiName">java:/accountingEntityManagerFactory</property> </component> </components> This example creates a session-scoped Seam-managed persistence context (this is not recommended in practice): <components xmlns="http://jboss. (Unless the component has an @Install annotation indicating it should not be installed by default.com/products/seam/persistence" <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="customerDatabase" persistence-unit-jndi-name="java:/customerEntityManagerFactory"/> <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="accountingDatabase" persistence-unit-jndi-name="java:/accountingEntityManagerFactory"/> </components> As does this one: <components> <component name="customerDatabase" class="org.seam.jboss.xml file.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:xsi="http://www.
0.xml file with minor changes during both deployment and testing. which saves you from having to explicitly specify create=true when you use the @In annotation.delegate}" scope="STATELESS" auto-create="true"/> </components> Sometimes we want to reuse the same components.persistence.seam.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:persistence="http://jboss.xml file which can be replaced either by your Ant build script (at deployment time) or by providing a file named compon- JBoss Seam 2. <components> <factory name="contact" method="#{contactManager.loadContact}" scope="CONVERSATION"/> </components> You can create an "alias" (a second name) for a Seam component like so: <components> <factory name="user" value="#{actor}" scope="STATELESS"/> </components> You can even create an "alias" for a commonly used expression: <components> <factory name="contact" value="#{contactManager.com/products/seam/persistence" <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="productDatabase" auto-create="true" persistence-unit-jndi-name="java:/productEntityManagerFactory"/> </components> <components> <component name="productDatabase" auto-create="true" class="org.ManagedPersistenceContext"> <property name="persistenceUnitJndiName">java:/productEntityManagerFactory</property> </component> </components> The <factory> declaration lets you specify a value or method binding expression that will be evaluated to initialize the value of a context variable when it is first referenced. <components xmlns="http://jboss.0.contact}" scope="STATELESS"/> </components> It is especially common to see the use of auto-create="true" with the <factory> declaration: <components> <factory name="session" value="#{entityManager. Seam lets you place wildcards of the form @wildcard@ in the components.CR2 72 .jboss.Configuring Seam components </components> It is common to use the auto-create option for infrastructural objects like persistence contexts.
Configuring Seam components ents. Fine-grained configuration files If you have a large number of components that need to be configured in XML. 4. the class name is implied by the file in which the component definition appears. but is less noisy: <component name="hello"> <property name="name">#{user.xml</value> <value>return.processDefinitions order.jbpm. The first option lets you define multiple components in the file: <components> <component class="com.jpdl.message}"/> </components> The second option only lets you define or configure one component.jboss. Seam lets you put configuration for a class named.conversationTimeout 60000 <core:manager conversation-timeout="60000"/> <component name="org.xml into many small files.jpdl.core.seam.manager"> <property name="conversationTimeout">60000</property> </component> Arrays.component.helloworld.properties in the classpath (at development time).jbpm"> <property name="processDefinitions"> JBoss Seam 2.seam. (You might be familiar with this pattern.name}</property> </component> <factory name="message" value="#{hello.seam.CR2 73 .Hello in a resource named com/helloworld/Hello.3.xml. since it is the same one we use in Hibernate. primitive or primitive wrapper type may be configured just as you would expect: org. you may put configuration for all classes in the com.) The root element of the file may be either a <components> or <component> element.bpm.xml. for example.bpm.xml.jpdl.xml <core:jbpm> <core:process-definitions> <value>order.seam.jpdl.jpdl. it makes much more sense to split up the information in components. You'll see this approach used in the Seam examples. sets and lists of strings or primitives are also supported: org.Hello" name="hello"> <property name="name">#{user.jpdl.helloworld package in com/helloworld/components. Alternatively. 4.xml</value> <value>inventory.core. Configurable property types Properties of string.manager. return. com.jboss.name}</property> </component> In the second option.helloworld.jboss.xml</value> </core:process-definitions> </core:jbpm> <component name="org.0.4.jboss.xml.0. inventory.
com/products/seam/components" xmlns:core="http://jboss.xml</value> <value>inventory.CR2 74 .jboss.com/products/seam/components-2 <core:init debug="true" jndi-pattern="@jndiPattern@"/> </components> JBoss Seam 2. this is somewhat verbose. <drools:managed-working-memory name="policyPricingWorkingMemory" rule-base="#{policyPricingRules}"/> <component name="policyPricingWorkingMemory" class="org.0. Note that this is quite different to injection using @In.jpdl.w3.com/products/seam/components" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.jpdl.xsd http://jboss. there have been two competing ways of declaring components: with and without the use of XML namespaces.0.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:xsi="http://www.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <components xmlns="http://jboss. you may wire together components using a value-binding expression. since it happens at component instantiation time instead of invocation time.5.init"> <property name="debug">true</property> <property name="jndiPattern">@jndiPattern@</property> </component> </components> As you can see. The following shows a typical components.com/products/seam/core http://jboss.seam. Even worse.com/products/seam/components http://jboss.com/products/seam/core-2.jpdl.jboss.seam.0.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <components xmlns="http://jboss.xml</value> <value>return. The namespaced version looks like this: <?xml version="1.xml file without namespaces: <?xml version="1. the component and attribute names cannot be validated at development time.com/products/se <component class="org.drools.com/products/seam/components http://jboss.xml</value> </property> </component> Even maps with String-valued keys and string or primitive values are supported: <component name="issueEditor"> <property name="issueStatuses"> <key>open</key> <value>open issue</value> <key>resolved</key> <value>issue resolved by developer</value> <key>closed</key> <value>resolution accepted by user</value> </property> </component> Finally.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://jboss. It is therefore much more similar to the dependency injection facilities offered by traditional IoC containers like JSF or Spring. Using XML Namespaces Throughout the examples.Configuring Seam components <value>order.core.ManagedWorkingMemory"> <property name="ruleBase">#{policyPricingRules}</property> </component> 4.
xml! Now we can write: <components xmlns="http://jboss.seam.payee}" /> <pay:payment name="newPayment" payee="Somebody" account="#{selectedAccount}" payment-date="#{currentDatetime}" created-date="#{currentDatetime}" /> .seam. ..payee}</pay:created-message> </pay:payment-home> <pay:payment name="newPayment"> <pay:payee>Somebody"</pay:payee> <pay:account>#{selectedAccount}</pay:account> <pay:payment-date>#{currentDatetime}</pay:payment-date> <pay:created-date>#{currentDatetime}</pay:created-date> </pay:payment> .0.jboss.) Here is an example from the seampay demo: @Namespace(value="http://jboss.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:pay="http://jboss.Configuring Seam components Even though the schema declarations are verbose. the <pay:payment-home> references the paymentHome component: package org. </components> These examples illustrate the two usage models of a namespaced element. The use of namespaced elements makes generating and maintaining correct components. allowing the use of the generic <component> declarations for user components. The schemas provide detailed information about each component and the attributes available..CR2 75 . Now.seampay. > <pay:payment-home> <pay:new-instance>"#{newPayment}"</pay:new-instance> <pay:created-message>Created a new payment to #{newPayment.jboss.. the actual XML content is lean and easy to understand. First..jboss.java in the package directory.example. Seam allows you to quickly declare namespaces for your own components. Seam supports mixing the two models. allowing XML editors to offer intelligent autocomplete..com/products/seam/examples/seampay" . > <pay:payment-home new-instance="#{newPayment}" created-message="Created a new payment to #{newPayment.com/products/seam/examples/seampay") package org.0. but what about user components? There are two options.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:pay="http://jboss.seampay. In the first declaration. this works great for the built-in Seam components.seam.. That is all you need to do to use the namespaced style in components. along with namespaced declarations for built-in components. @Name("paymentHome") public class PaymentController JBoss Seam 2.. </components> Or: <components xmlns="http://jboss..annotations.com/products/seam/examples/seampay" .. import org.Namespace. But even better. Any Java package can be associated with an XML namespace by annotating the package with the @Namespace annotation.xml files much simpler..example. (Package-level annotations are declared in a file named package-info.
} The element name is the hyphenated form of the component name..com/products/seam/mail web — http://jboss. The following are the the namespaces used by Seam: • • • • • • • • • • • • components — http://jboss..jboss.com/products/seam/drools framework — http://jboss.0.com/products/seam/jms remoting — http://jboss.com/products/seam/pdf spring — http://jboss.0.com/products/seam/spring JBoss Seam 2. we will need a schema. } the second declaration.example. . so it is necessary to generate one manually.com/products/seam/web pdf — http://jboss..jboss.seam. The attributes of the element are the hyphenated form of the property names.com/products/seam/components core — http://jboss. @Entity public class Payment implements Serializable { . In the <pay:payment> element refers to the Payment class in the org..com/products/seam/theme security — http://jboss. The schema definitions for the standard Seam packages can be used for guidance. In this case Payment is an entity that is being declared as a Seam component: package org.Configuring Seam components extends EntityHome<Payment> { .com/products/seam/security mail — http://jboss.CR2 76 . Seam does not yet provide a mechanism to automatically generate a schema for a set of components.seam.com/products/seam/framework jms — http://jboss. If we want validation and autocompletion to work for user-defined components.seampay package..com/products/seam/remoting theme — http://jboss.seampay..com/products/seam/core drools — http://jboss.example.
sayHello}"/> For a jBPM transition event. 5.1. We can define a page action for either a particular JSF view id: <pages> <page view-id="/hello. Seam events The Seam component model was developed for use with event-driven applications.jsp"> <transition to="hello"> <action expression="#{helloWorld. it is specified in the jBPM process definition or pageflow definition: <start-page name="hello" view-id="/hello. Events.jsp" action="#{helloWorld. We declare page actions in WEBINF/pages. The second is the pervasive use of annotations and interceptors to apply cross-cutting concerns to components which implement business logic.1. there are two further basic concepts that facilitate the extreme loose-coupling that is the distinctive feature of Seam applications.0.Chapter 5. Events in Seam come in several types. specifically to enable the development of fine-grained. For a JSF event.sayHello}"/> </pages> Or we can use a * wildcard as a suffix to the view-id to specify an action that applies to all view ids that match JBoss Seam 2.0.sayHello}"/> </transition> </start-page> You can find out more information about JSF events and jBPM events elsewhere. Lets concentrate for now upon the two additional kinds of events defined by Seam. interceptors and exception handling Complementing the contextual component model. The first is a strong event model where events may be mapped to event listeners via JSF-like method binding expressions. Page actions A Seam page action is an event that occurs just before we render a page.xml. 5.CR2 77 . this is defined in the JSF template: <h:commandButton value="Click me!" action="#{helloWorld. loosely-coupled components in a fine-grained eventing model.1. most of which we have already seen: • • • • • JSF events jBPM transition events Seam page actions Seam component-driven events Seam contextual events All of these various kinds of events are mapped to Seam components via JSF EL method binding expressions.
Furthermore. we can reproduce the functionality of a traditional action-oriented framework like Struts or WebWork using page actions. For example: TODO: translate struts action into page action This is quite useful if you want to do complex things in response to non-faces requests (for example. If the outcome is non-null.jsp" action="#{helloWorld. page parameters are passed as human-readable request parameters. <pages> <page view-id="/hello.failed}"/> <action execute="#{hitCount.firstName}"/> <param name="lastName" value="#{person. Seam sets the value of the named request parameter onto the model object.jsp"> <action execute="#{helloWorld. which are anything but!) You can use page parameters with or without an action method. in order of leastspecific to most-specific. The value of the parameter is • JBoss Seam 2. A page action might also needs parameters! Since GET requests are bookmarkable. Any <s:link> or <s:button> transparently includes the request parameter. the view id mentioned in the <page> element need not correspond to a real JSP or Facelets page! So.0.increment}"/> </page> </pages> Page parameters A JSF faces request (a form submission) encapsulates both an "action" (a method binding) and "parameters" (input value bindings). just like a value binding for a JSF input: • When a non-faces (GET) request for the view id occurs. (Unlike JSF form inputs. Seam will use the defined navigation rules to navigate to a view. Seam will call all the actions.CR2 78 . Multiple or conditional page actions my be specified using the <action> tag: <pages> <page view-id="/hello.lastName}"/> </page> </pages> The <param> declaration is bidirectional.sayHello}"> <param name="firstName" value="#{person.0. HTTP GET requests). Mapping request parameters to the model Seam lets us provide a value binding that maps a named request parameter to an attribute of a model object.Events. interceptors and exception handling the pattern: <pages> <page view-id="/hello/*" action="#{helloWorld. The page action method can return a JSF outcome.sayHello}"/> </pages> If multiple wildcarded page actions match the current view-id. after performing appropriate type conversions.sayHello}" if="#{not validation.
lhs}"/> <param name="y" value="#{calculator. (This means that view parameters behave like PAGE-scoped context variables for faces requests.jsp back to /hello. Page parameters eliminate repetitive listing of request parameters in the view definition and make redirects much easier to code.0.rhs}"/> <param name="op" converterId="com. The value is transparently propagated with any JSF form submission for the page with the given view id. without the need for a conversation (or other server-side state). interceptors and exception handling determined by evaluating the value binding during the render phase (when the <s:link> is rendered). the value of the model attribute referred to in the value binding is "remembered". Conversion and Validation You can specify a JSF converter for complex model propreties: <pages> <page view-id="/calculator.jsp" action="#{calculator. and which entity you were editing. • This all sounds pretty complex. The value is transparently propagated with any JSF form submission for the page with the given view id.jsp). when pressing the Save button). • The essential idea behind all this is that however we get from any other page to /hello.sayHello}"> <param name="firstName" /> <param name="lastName" /> </page> </pages> Propagation of page parameters is especially useful if you want to build multi-layer master-detail CRUD pages. • Any <s:link> or <s:button> transparently propagates the request parameter if that parameter is listed as a page parameter for the view. Actually.Events. <pages> <page view-id="/hello. They are especially cool for problems like search screens with bookmarkable results pages. • Any navigation rule with a <redirect/> to the view id transparently includes the request parameter. This means that view parameters behave like PAGE-scoped context variables for faces requests.my. Propagating request parameters If just the name attribute is specified then the request parameter is propagated using the PAGE context (it isn't mapped to model property).calculator. It is definitely worth taking the time to understand this stuff. the idea is very natural once you "get it".calculate}"> <param name="x" value="#{calculator.0.OperatorConverter" value="#{calculator.jsp" action="#{helloWorld. where we would like to be able to write our application code to handle both POST and GET requests with the same code.CR2 79 . You can use it to "remember" which view you were previously on (e.jsp (or from / hello. and you're probably wondering if such an exotic construct is really worth the effort.op}"/> </page> </pages> Alternatively: <pages> JBoss Seam 2. The value of the parameter is determined by evaluating the value binding at the end of the invoke application phase. Page parameters are the most elegant way to propagate state across a non-faces request.g.
my. JSF navigation rules have a number of annoying limitations: • • • It is not possible to specify request parameters to be used when redirecting.date}" validator="#{pastDateValidator}" required="true"/> </page> </pages> Even better.0. and required="true" may also be used: <pages> <page view-id="/blog. model-based Hibernate validator annotations are automatically recognized and validated.calculate}"> <param name="x" value="#{calculator. It is not possible to begin or end conversations from a rule.xhtml</from-view-id> <navigation-case> <from-action>#{documentEditor. A further problem is that "orchestration" logic gets scattered between pages.op}"/> </page> </pages> JSF validators. Navigation You can use standard JSF navigation rules defined in faces-config.xml. interceptors and exception handling <page view-id="/calculator. When type conversion or validation fails.Events.xhtml"> <param name="date" value="#{blog.update}</from-action> <from-outcome>success</from-outcome> <to-view-id>/viewDocument.0. Rules work by evaluating the return value of the action method.xhtml</to-view-id> <redirect/> </navigation-case> </navigation-rule> JBoss Seam 2.date}" validatorId="com.blog.lhs}"/> <param name="y" value="#{calculator. it is not possible to evaluate an arbitrary EL expression. a global FacesMessage is added to the FacesContext.CR2 80 . It's better to unify this logic into pages. However.PastDate" required="true"/> </page> </pages> Alternatively: <pages> <page view-id="/blog.xml.xml and faces-config. This JSF navigation rule: <navigation-rule> <from-view-id>/editDocument.rhs}"/> <param name="op" converter="#{operatorConverter}" value="#{calculator.xml in a Seam application.xhtml"> <param name="date" value="#{blog.jsp" action="#{calculator.
So Seam lets us write: <page view-id="/editDocument.update}" evaluate="#{documentEditor.xhtml"/> </rule> </navigation> </page> The first form evaluates a value binding to determine the outcome value to be used by the subsequent rules.update}"> <rule if-outcome="success"> <redirect view-id="/viewDocument.update}"> <rule if="#{documentEditor.xhtml"/> JBoss Seam 2. we probably want to end the current conversation.0. when an update succeeds.size}"> <rule if-outcome="0"> <redirect view-id="/viewDocument. including the document we are currently interested in! One solution would be to use an immediate render instead of a redirect: <page view-id="/editDocument. We can do that like this: <page view-id="/editDocument. The second approach ignores the outcome and evaluates a value binding for each possible rule.errors. Of course.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.errors.xhtml"/> </rule> </navigation> </page> But ending the conversation loses any state associated with the conversation.errors.Events.xhtml"/> </rule> </navigation> </page> Or even: <page view-id="/editDocument.update}"> <rule if="#{documentEditor. interceptors and exception handling Can be rewritten as follows: <page view-id="/editDocument.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.0.empty}"> <end-conversation/> <render view-id="/viewDocument.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.update}"> <rule if="#{documentEditor.empty}"> <end-conversation/> <redirect view-id="/viewDocument.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.errors.xhtml"/> </rule> </navigation> </page> But it would be even nicer if we didn't have to pollute our DocumentEditor component with string-valued return values (the JSF outcomes).CR2 81 .empty}"> <redirect view-id="/viewDocument.
errors.jsp in a resource named calc/calculator.xhtml"> <param name="documentId" value="#{documentEditor. and the view id is implied: <page action="#{calculator.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.lhs}"/> JBoss Seam 2. interceptors and exception handling </rule> </navigation> </page> But the correct solution is to pass the document id as a request parameter: <page view-id="/editDocument. but not the null outcome: <page view-id="/editDocument.xhtml"/> </navigation> </page> The view-id may be given as a JSF EL expression: <page view-id="/editDocument.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.0.Events.xhtml"/> </navigation> </page> Fine-grained files for definition of navigation.page.xhtml"> <navigation from-action="#{documentEditor.update}"> <render view-id="/viewDocument. use the following form instead: <page view-id="/editDocument.xhtml"/> </rule> </navigation> </page> If you want to perform navigation when a null outcome occurs. You can define actions and parameters for a page with the view id /calc/calculator.CR2 82 . page actions and parameters If you have a lot of different page actions and page parameters.update}"> <rule> <render view-id="/viewDocument.update}"> <rule if="#{documentEditor.xml. or even just a lot of navigation rules.calculate}"> <param name="x" value="#{calculator.xhtml"> <navigation if-outcome="success"> <redirect view-id="/#{userAgent}/displayDocument.0. The null outcome is interpreted to mean "redisplay the page". you will almost certainly want to split the declarations up over multiple files. The root element in this case is the <page> element.documentId}"/> </redirect> </rule> </navigation> </page> Null outcomes are a special case in JSF. The following navigation rule matches any non-null outcome.empty}"> <end-conversation/> <redirect view-id="/viewDocument.
If you don't like futzing about in the components. } } Or you can use an annotation.instance(). How does a component raise an event? Seam provides a built-in component for this.instance().logHello}"/> </event> </components> Where the event type is just an arbitrary string. But to enable components to interact in a more loosely-coupled fashion than is possible when the components call each others methods directly.add("Hello World!"). <components> <event type="hello"> <action execute="#{helloListener. } } The method binding defined in components.instance(). Stateful components may even implement the observer/observable pattern. } } Notice that this event producer has no dependency upon event consumers.add("Hello World!"). We specify event listeners (observers) in components.xml file.0.0.CR2 83 . Component-driven events Seam components can interact by simply calling each others methods.1. When an event occurs.Events.add("Hello to you too!"). interceptors and exception handling <param name="y" value="#{calculator.op}"/> </page> 5.rhs}"/> <param name="op" converter="#{operatorConverter}" value="#{calculator.instance(). Events.2. Seam provides component-driven events.sayHelloBack}"/> <action execute="#{logger. @Name("helloWorld") public class HelloWorld { public void sayHello() { FacesMessages. you can use an annotation instead: @Name("helloListener") public class HelloListener { @Observer("hello") public void sayHelloBack() { JBoss Seam 2. the actions registered for that event will be called in the order they appear in components.xml above takes care of mapping the event to the consumer.xml. The event listener may now be implemented with absolutely no dependency upon the producer: @Name("helloListener") public class HelloListener { public void sayHelloBack() { FacesMessages. @Name("helloWorld") public class HelloWorld { @RaiseEvent("hello") public void sayHello() { FacesMessages.xml.raiseEvent("hello").
seam.<name> — called when the process <name> ends 84 JBoss Seam 2.<name> — called when the pageflow <name> ends — called when the process <name> is created org.seam. Contextual events Seam defines a number of built-in events that the application can use to perform special kinds of framework integration.<name> org. State is held in the Seam contexts.Events.instance().add("Hello to you too!"). Events.0.preDestroyContext.jboss. } } 5.jboss.jboss.3.jboss.noConversation — called when JSF validation fails — called when there is no long running conversation and a long running conversation is required • • • • • • • • • • • • org. name).endConversation — called whenever a long-running conversation begins — called whenever a long-running conversation ends — called when the pageflow <name> begins org.jboss.endPageflow.jboss. if you really want to pass an event object.seam.jboss.<name> org.instance().<name> org.seam.seam. there is no need for an event object to propagate state between event producer and listener. The events are: • • org.jboss.<name> org.createProcess.seam.jboss.seam. In Seam.jboss.jboss.jboss.jboss.postSetVariable.seam. However.1.seam.seam.seam.preSetVariable. name).<name> — called when the context variable <name> is set — called when the context variable <name> is set — called when the context variable <name> is unset — called when the context variable <name> is unset — called before the <SCOPE> context is destroyed — called after the <SCOPE> context is destroyed org.add("Hello #0!".beginConversation org.postDestroyContext.<name> org.seam. my name is #0.CR2 . and is shared between components.validationFailed org.add("Hello World. you can: @Name("helloWorld") public class HelloWorld { private String name.endProcess. public void sayHello() { FacesMessages.<SCOPE> org.seam.<SCOPE> org. interceptors and exception handling FacesMessages.preRemoveVariable.beginPageflow.".raiseEvent("hello". } } @Name("helloListener") public class HelloListener { @Observer("hello") public void sayHelloBack(String name) { FacesMessages.instance().postRemoveVariable. name).jboss.0.seam. } } You might wonder why I've not mentioned anything about event objects in this discussion.instance().
Events, interceptors and exception handling
— called when the process <name> is associated with the conver-
sation • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
— called when the task <name> is associated with the conversation — called when the task <name> is started
org.jboss.seam.startTask.<name> org.jboss.seam.endTask.<name>
— called when the task <name> is ended — called when the component <name> is created — called when the component <name> is destroyed
org.jboss.seam.postCreate.<name> org.jboss.seam.preDestroy.<name> org.jboss.seam.beforePhase org.jboss.seam.afterPhase
— called before the start of a JSF phase
— called after the end of a JSF phase — called when Seam has initialized and started up all components — called after a user is authenticated — called before attempting to authenticate a user
org.jboss.seam.postAuthenticate.<name> org.jboss.seam.preAuthenticate.<name> org.jboss.seam.notLoggedIn org.jboss.seam.rememberMe
— called there is no authenticated user and authentication is required
— occurs when Seam security detects the username in a cookie — called when an uncaught exception is handled by Seam
org.jboss.seam.exceptionHandled.<type> org.jboss.seam.exceptionHandled
— called when an uncaught exception is handled by Seam — called when there was no handler for an uncaught exception — called when a transaction succeeds in the Seam Applica-
tion Framework • — called when a transaction succeeds in the Seam Application Framework which manages an entity called <name>
Seam components may observe any of these events in just the same way they observe any other component-driven events.
5.2. Seam interceptors
EJB 3.0 introduced a standard interceptor model for session bean components. To add an interceptor to a bean, you need to write a class with a method annotated @AroundInvoke and annotate the bean with an @Interceptors annotation that specifies the name of the interceptor class. For example, the following interceptor checks that the user is logged in before allowing invoking an action listener method:
public class LoggedInInterceptor { @AroundInvoke public Object checkLoggedIn(InvocationContext invocation) throws Exception { boolean isLoggedIn = Contexts.getSessionContext().get("loggedIn")!=null; if (isLoggedIn) { //the user is already logged in
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Events, interceptors and exception handling
return invocation.proceed(); } else { //the user is not logged in, fwd to login page return "login"; } } }
To apply this interceptor to a session bean which acts as an action listener, we must annotate the session bean @Interceptors(LoggedInInterceptor.class). This is a somewhat ugly annotation. Seam builds upon the interceptor framework in EJB3 by allowing you to use @Interceptors as a meta-annotation. In our example, we would create an @LoggedIn annotation, as follows:
@Target(TYPE) @Retention(RUNTIME) @Interceptors(LoggedInInterceptor.class) public @interface LoggedIn {}
We can now simply annotate our action listener bean with @LoggedIn to apply the interceptor.
@Stateless @Name("changePasswordAction") @LoggedIn @Interceptors(SeamInterceptor.class) public class ChangePasswordAction implements ChangePassword { ... public String changePassword() { ... } }
If interceptor ordering is important (it usually is), you can add @Interceptor annotations to your interceptor classes to specify a partial order of interceptors.
@Interceptor(around={BijectionInterceptor.class, ValidationInterceptor.class, ConversationInterceptor.class}, within=RemoveInterceptor.class) public class LoggedInInterceptor { ... }
You can even have a "client-side" interceptor, that runs around any of the built-in functionality of EJB3:
@Interceptor(type=CLIENT) public class LoggedInInterceptor { ... }
EJB interceptors are stateful, with a lifecycle that is the same as the component they intercept. For interceptors which do not need to maintain state, Seam lets you get a performance optimization by specifying @Interceptor(stateless=true). Much of the functionality of Seam is implemented as a set of built-in Seam interceptors, including the interceptors named in the previous example. You don't have to explicitly specify these interceptors by annotating your components; they exist for all interceptable Seam components.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Events, interceptors and exception handling
You can even use Seam interceptors with JavaBean components, not just EJB3 beans! EJB defines interception not only for business methods (using @AroundInvoke), but also for the lifecycle methods @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy, @PrePassivate and @PostActive. Seam supports all these lifecycle methods on both component and interceptor not only for EJB3 beans, but also for JavaBean components (except @PreDestroy which is not meaningful for JavaBean components).
5.3. Managing exceptions
JSF is surprisingly limited when it comes to exception handling. As a partial workaround for this problem, Seam lets you define how a particular class of exception is to be treated by annotating the exception class, or declaring the exception class in an XML file. This facility is meant to be combined with the EJB 3.0-standard @ApplicationException annotation which specifies whether the exception should cause a transaction rollback.
5.3.1. Exceptions and transactions
EJB specifies well-defined rules that let us control whether an exception immediately marks the current transaction for rollback when it is thrown by a business method of the bean: system exceptions always cause a transaction rollback, application exceptions do not cause a rollback by default, but they do if @ApplicationException(rollback=true) is specified. (An application exception is any checked exception, or any unchecked exception annotated @ApplicationException. A system exception is any unchecked exception without an @ApplicationException annotation.) Note that there is a difference between marking a transaction for rollback, and actually rolling it back. The exception rules say that the transaction should be marked rollback only, but it may still be active after the exception is thrown. Seam applies the EJB 3.0 exception rollback rules also to Seam JavaBean components. But these rules only apply in the Seam component layer. What about an exception that is uncaught and propagates out of the Seam component layer, and out of the JSF layer? Well, it is always wrong to leave a dangling transaction open, so Seam rolls back any active transaction when an exception occurs and is uncaught in the Seam component layer.
5.3.2. Enabling Seam exception handling
To enable Seam's exception handling, we need to make sure we have the master servlet filter declared in web.xml:
<filter> <filter-name>Seam Filter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.jboss.seam.servlet.SeamFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Seam Filter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.seam</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
You may also need to disable Facelets development mode in web.xml and Seam debug mode in components.xml if you want your exception handlers to fire.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Events, interceptors and exception handling
5.3.3. Using annotations for exception handling
The following exception results in a HTTP 404 error whenever it propagates out of the Seam component layer. It does not roll back the current transaction immediately when thrown, but the transaction will be rolled back if it the exception is not caught by another Seam component.
@HttpError(errorCode=404) public class ApplicationException extends Exception { ... }
This exception results in a browser redirect whenever it propagates out of the Seam component layer. It also ends the current conversation. It causes an immediate rollback of the current transaction.
@Redirect(viewId="/failure.xhtml", end=true) @ApplicationException(rollback=true) public class UnrecoverableApplicationException extends RuntimeException { ... }
Note that @Redirect does not work for exceptions which occur during the render phase of the JSF lifecycle. You can also use EL to specify the viewId to redirect to. This exception results in a redirect, along with a message to the user, when it propagates out of the Seam component layer. It also immediately rolls back the current transaction.
@Redirect(viewId="/error.xhtml", message="Unexpected error") public class SystemException extends RuntimeException { ... }
5.3.4. Using XML for exception handling
Since we can't add annotations to all the exception classes we are interested in, Seam also lets us specify this functionality in pages.xml.
<pages> <exception class="javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException"> <http-error error-code="404"/> </exception> <exception class="javax.persistence.PersistenceException"> <end-conversation/> <redirect view-id="/error.xhtml"> <message>Database access failed</message> </redirect> </exception> <exception> <end-conversation/> <redirect view-id="/error.xhtml"> <message>Unexpected failure</message> </redirect> </exception> </pages>
The last <exception> declaration does not specify a class, and is a catch-all for any exception for which handling is not otherwise specified via annotations or in pages.xml. You can also use EL to specify the view-id to redirect to. You can also access the handled exception instance through EL, Seam places it in the conversation context, e.g.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Events, interceptors and exception handling
to access the message of the exception:
... throw new AuthorizationException("You are not allowed to do this!"); <pages> <exception class="org.jboss.seam.security.AuthorizationException"> <end-conversation/> <redirect view-id="/error.xhtml"> <message severity="WARN">#{org.jboss.seam.handledException.message}</message> </redirect> </exception> </pages>
holds the nested exception that was actually handled by an exception handler. The outermost (wrapper) exception is also available, as org.jboss.seam.exception.
5.3.5. Some common exceptions
If you are using JPA:
<exception class="javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException"> <redirect view-id="/error.xhtml"> <message>Not found</message> </redirect> </exception> <exception class="javax.persistence.OptimisticLockException"> <end-conversation/> <redirect view-id="/error.xhtml"> <message>Another user changed the same data, please try again</message> </redirect> </exception>
If you are using the Seam Application Framework:
<exception class="org.jboss.seam.framework.EntityNotFoundException"> <redirect view-id="/error.xhtml"> <message>Not found</message> </redirect> </exception>
If you are using Seam Security:
<exception class="org.jboss.seam.security.AuthorizationException"> <redirect> <message>You don't have permission to do this</message> </redirect> </exception> <exception class="org.jboss.seam.security.NotLoggedInException"> <redirect view-id="/login.xhtml"> <message>Please log in first</message> </redirect> </exception>
And, for JSF:
<exception class="javax.faces.application.ViewExpiredException"> <redirect view-id="/error.xhtml"> <message>Your session has timed out, please try again</message>
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Events, interceptors and exception handling
</redirect> </exception>
A ViewExpiredException occurs if the user posts back to a page once their session has expired. noconversation-view-id and conversation-required give you finer grained control over session expiration if you are inside a conversation.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
update model values.0.0. At the end of the render response phase of the JSF request lifecycle. • • • • • • Seam transparently propagates the conversation context (including the temporary conversation context) across JSF postbacks and redirects. the notion of a Seam "conversation" came about as a merger of three different ideas: • The idea of a workspace. we have a powerful construct that lets us build richer and more efficient applications with less code than before. When an @End method is encountered. and the realization that existing frameworks based around a stateless architecture could not provide effective management of extended persistence contexts. If none exists. Historically. Seam transparently stores and restores the current conversation context—unless the conversation was already ended via @End(beforeRedirect=true). Seam's conversation model The examples we have seen so far make use of a very simple conversation model that follows these rules: • There is always a conversation context active during the apply request values. non-faces requests (GET requests. any long-running conversation context is demoted to a temporary conversation. Conversations and workspace management It's time to understand Seam's conversation model in more detail.1. In this project I was forced to implement workspace management on top of Struts. By default. Seam stores the contents of a long running conversation context or destroys the contents of a temporary conversation context. Any faces request (a JSF postback) will propagate the conversation context. • • By unifying these ideas and providing deep support in the framework. At the end of the restore view phase of the JSF request lifecycle.CR2 91 . process validations. a non-faces request (a GET request for example) JBoss Seam 2.Chapter 6. but see below for more information on this. Seam creates a new temporary conversation context. invoke application and render response phases of the JSF request lifecycle. an experience I pray never to repeat. the temporary conversation context is promoted to a long running conversation. 6. The idea of an application transaction with optimistic semantics. If you don't do anything special.) The idea of a workflow task. but rather the fault of the extremely limiting persistence context model supported by stateless architectures such as the Spring framework or the traditional stateless session facade (anti)pattern in J2EE. When an @Begin method is encountered. (The Hibernate team is truly fed up with copping the blame for LazyInitializationExceptions. which are not really Hibernate's fault. which I encountered in a project for the Victorian government in 2002. for example) do not propagate the conversation context. Seam attempts to restore any previous long-running conversation context. If the JSF request lifecycle is foreshortened by a redirect.
or the <s:conversationPropagation> tag may even be used to begin and end conversation.id}"/> <h:outputText value="Continue"/> </h:outputLink> If you use the Seam tag library.0. a similar trick is used: <h:commandLink action="main" value="Exit"> <f:param name="conversationPropagation" value="none"/> </h:commandLink> If you use the Seam tag library.the desired behavior.but not always . the more JSF-ish: <h:outputLink value="main. The conversationPropagation request parameter. For many applications.jsf?conversationId=#{conversation. This is usually .id}">Continue</a> Or.jsf"> <f:param name="conversationId" value="#{conversation.Conversations and workspace management will not propagate the conversation context and will be processed in a new temporary conversation. this is equivalent: <h:commandLink action="main" value="Exit"> <s:conversationPropagation type="none"/> </h:commandLink> Note that disabling conversation context propagation is absolutely not the same thing as ending the conversation. this is equivalent: <h:outputLink value="main. or begin a nested conversation. Some complex applications have either or both of the following additional requirements: JBoss Seam 2. If you want to propagate a Seam conversation across a non-faces request. <h:commandLink action="main" value="Exit"> <s:conversationPropagation type="end"/> </h:commandLink> <h:commandLink action="main" value="Select Child"> <s:conversationPropagation type="nested"/> </h:commandLink> <h:commandLink action="main" value="Select Hotel"> <s:conversationPropagation type="begin"/> </h:commandLink> <h:commandLink action="main" value="Select Hotel"> <s:conversationPropagation type="join"/> </h:commandLink> This conversation model makes it easy to build applications which behave correctly with respect to multiwindow operation. this is all that is needed.0. you need to explicitly code the Seam conversation id as a request parameter: <a href="main.jsf"> <s:conversationId/> <h:outputText value="Continue"/> </h:outputLink> If you wish to disable propagation of the conversation context for a postback.CR2 92 .
You can achieve this behavior by annotating the component @PerNestedConversation. • 6. but not write to them. If the outer conversation ends before a nested conversation ends. Certain user activity (workspace management. <pages> <page view-id="/messageList.0. If none of these options works for you. The user is able to switch between many conversations within the same browser window. Nested conversations allow the application to capture a consistent continuable state at various points in a user interaction. so that the component instance that exists in the parent conversation is invisible to its child conversations. If that state is held in a Seam component. and also have access to the state of the outer conversation.3. we can fetch the state in a @Create method. A nested conversation has its own conversation context.list}"/> . Sometimes we want to begin a conversation immediately the page is accessed.jsp" action="#{messageManager. In this case it is possible to have multiple concurrent nested conversations belonging to the same outer conversation. and the outer conversation will resume. 6.xml file. Nested conversations A nested conversation is created by invoking a method marked @Begin(nested=true) inside the scope of an existing conversation. We've already seen two ways to solve this problem. the nested conversation will use the same instance. and also has read-only access to the context of the outer conversation. A further problem arises if the page needs some state to be fetched into a context variable.0.) When an @End is subsequently encountered. a HTTP GET request). or if we navigate to the page via an <h:outputLink>. (It can read the outer conversation's context variables. Starting conversations with GET requests JSF does not define any kind of action listener that is triggered when a page is accessed via a non-faces request (for example.. If not. the nested conversation will be destroyed. Seam destroys all nested conversation contexts along with the outer context. The smaller nested conversations have their own isolated set of conversation state. Usually. thus insuring truly correct behavior in the face of backbuttoning and workspace management. we can't solve the problem in the usual way. This feature is called workspace management.Conversations and workspace management • A conversation spans many smaller units of user interaction. Conversations may be nested to any arbitrary depth. Occasionally. </pages> JBoss Seam 2. TODO: an example to show how a nested conversation prevents bad stuff happening when you backbutton. we can define a @Factory method for the context variable. by annotating the action with @Begin.CR2 93 . This can occur if the user bookmarks the page. A conversation may be thought of as a continuable state. or the back button) can cause the outer conversation to be resumed before the inner conversation is ended. Since there is no JSF action method. which execute serially or even concurrently. by "popping" the conversation stack.2. Seam lets you define a page action in the pages. if a component exists in a parent conversation of the current nested conversation.. it is useful to have a different instance in each nested conversation.
0.logout}" value="Logout"/> If you specify both a JSF view id and an action method.viewComment}" propagation="nest"/> If the link begins a conversation. Seam provides the <s:link> JSF tag.xhtml" action="#{login. Success messages It is quite common to display a message to the user indicating success or failure of an action.Conversations and workspace management Seam provides the notion of a page action to help solve the first problem. The link may specify just the JSF view id: <s:link view="/login.xhtml" action="#{hotelSearch.xhtml" value="Login"/> Or. where we don't care about bookmarks. We could work around this by using the RESTful approach of passing a request parameter and requerying for the selected object on the server side.CR2 95 . since it does not require server-side state.xhtml" propagation="none"/> You can begin.logout}" value="Logout"/> 6. you can even specify a pageflow to be used: <s:link action="#{documentEditor. it may specify an action method (in which case the action outcome determines the page that results): <s:link action="#{login.5. The RESTful style supports bookmarking. In some cases—such as the Seam blog example application—this is indeed the best approach. It is convenient to JBoss Seam 2.) Finally. the 'view' will be used unless the action method returns a non-null outcome: <s:link view="/loggedOut. but this does nothing to help us with the second problem.0. use <s:button>: <s:button action="#{login.selectHotel}" value="#{hotel. and to make conversation propagation even simpler to manage. end. if you need the "link" to be rendered as a button.approveOrReject}" taskInstance="#{task}"/> (See the DVD Store demo application for examples of this. or nest conversations: <s:link action="#{issueEditor.name}"/> You can leave the scope of an existing conversation: <s:link view="/main.logout}" value="Logout"/> The link automatically propagates the selected row of a DataModel using inside <h:dataTable>: <s:link view="/hotel. the use of @DataModel and @DataModelSelection is just so convenient and transparent! To fill in this missing functionality.getDocument}" propagation="begin" pageflow="EditDocument"/> The taskInstance attribute if for use in jBPM task lists: <s:link action="#{documentApproval. In other cases.
id}") public String selectHotel() { .Conversations and workspace management use a JSF FacesMessage for this.CR2 96 . a successful action often requires a browser redirect.. You can customize the id value when you begin the conversation. This makes it quite difficult to display success messages in plain JSF. public String update() { em.id}") public String approveDocument() { . } Or it can be used to assign a meaningful conversation id: @Begin(id="hotel#{hotel.) @Name("editDocumentAction") @Stateless public class EditDocumentBean implements EditDocument { @In EntityManager em. Unfortunately.. facesMessages. This feature can be used to customize the conversation id generation algorithm like so: @Begin(id="#{myConversationIdGenerator. } @BeginTask(id="task#{taskInstance.. This even works when there is no long-running conversation since Seam preserves even temporary conversation contexts across redirects.add("Document updated"). Using an "explicit" conversation id Ordinarily.id}") public String editHotel() { .. You may display the messages in the usual way.0. } @Begin(id="entry#{params['blogId']}") public String viewBlogEntry() { . The built in conversation-scoped Seam component named facesMessages solves this problem.6. (You must have the Seam redirect filter installed. for example: <h:messages globalOnly="true"/> 6. } JBoss Seam 2.. @In FacesMessages facesMessages.rowData. @In Document document..add("Document #{document..merge(document).nextId}") public void editHotel() { .title} was updated"). You can even include JSF EL expressions in a faces message summary: facesMessages.0. } } Any message added to facesMessages is used in the very next render response phase for the current conversation.. } @Begin(id="hotel#{hotelsDataModel.. Seam generates a meaningless unique id for each conversation in each session.. and JSF does not propagate faces messages across redirects.
all you need to do is: • Provide description text for each view id (when using JSF or Seam navigation rules) or page node (when using jPDL pageflows).0.name}</page> view-id="/book.xhtml">Search hotels: #{hotelBooking.2. these example result in the same conversation id every time a particular hotel.description}</page> Note that if this file is missing.xml: <pages> <page <page <page <page </pages> view-id="/main. Workspace management Workspace management is the ability to "switch" conversations in a single window. Seam makes workspace management completely transparent at the level of the Java code. Seam switches to a conversation by restoring the current view-id for that conversation. blog or task is selected.xml that Seam expects to find in the WEB-INF directory. or breadcrumbs.xhtml"> <description>DVD Search: #{search.name}</page> view-id="/confirm.CR2 97 . Workspace management and JSF navigation When you use JSF or Seam navigation rules. Workspace management and jPDL pageflow When you use a jPDL pageflow definition.7. 6. The description text is defined by the <page> node: <pageflow-definition name="shopping"> <start-state name="start"> <transition to="browse"/> </start-state> <page name="browse" view-id="/browse. This is a more flexible model since it allows the same view-id to have different descriptions depending upon the current <page> node. This description text is displayed to the user by the workspace switchers. The descriptive text for the workspace is defined in a file called pages.total}</description> JBoss Seam 2. the Seam application will continue to work perfectly! The only missing functionality will be the ability to switch workspaces. Include one or more of the standard workspace switcher JSP or facelets fragments in your pages. right next to faces-config.xhtml">Book hotel: #{hotel.0. So what happens if a conversation with the same conversation id already exists when the new conversation begins? Well.1. • 6. To enable workspace management.7.searchPattern}</description> <transition to="browse"/> <transition name="checkout" to="checkout"/> </page> <page name="checkout" view-id="/checkout.xhtml">Confirm: #{booking. 6.searchString}</page> view-id="/hotel. Seam switches to a conversation by restoring the current jBPM process state.Conversations and workspace management Clearly.7.xhtml"> <description>Purchase: $#{cart.xhtml">View hotel: #{hotel. The standard fragments support workspace management via a drop down menu. a list of conversations. This feature helps control the number of workspaces that are created when using workspace management. Seam detects the existing conversation and redirects to that conversation without running the @Begin method again.
together with two additional items that let the user begin a new conversation.description}"/> <h:outputText value="[current]" rendered="#{entry. 6.7."/> <h:outputText value="#{entry.current}"/> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Activity</f:facet> <h:outputText value="#{entry.3.7.4.lastDatetime}"> <f:convertDateTime type="time" pattern="hh:mm a"/> JBoss Seam 2. or to any other page of the application: <h:selectOneMenu value="#{switcher.startDatetime}"> <f:convertDateTime type="time" pattern="hh:mm a"/> </h:outputText> <h:outputText value=" .CR2 98 .xhtml"> <end-conversation /> </page> </pageflow-definition> 6.selectItems}"/> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:commandButton action="#{switcher. The conversation list The conversation list is very similar to the conversation switcher. Only conversations with a description will be included in the drop-down menu.select}" value="#{entry.select}" value="Switch"/> In this example. we have a menu that includes an item for each conversation.conversationIdOrOutcome}"> <f:selectItem itemLabel="Find Issues" itemValue="findIssue"/> <f:selectItem itemLabel="Create Issue" itemValue="editIssue"/> <f:selectItems value="#{switcher. except that it is displayed as a table: <h:dataTable value="#{conversationList}" var="entry" rendered="#{not empty conversationList}"> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Workspace</f:facet> <h:commandLink action="#{entry.0.0.Conversations and workspace management <transition to="checkout"/> <transition name="complete" to="complete"/> </page> <page name="complete" view-id="/complete. The conversation switcher Include the following fragment in your JSP or facelets page to get a drop-down menu that lets you switch to any current conversation.
description}" action="#{entry. The breadcrumbs are a list of links to conversations in the current conversation stack: <ui:repeat value="#{conversationStack}" var="entry"> <h:outputText value=" | "/> <h:commandLink value="#{entry.Switch}"/> <h:commandButton action="#{entry. } @Name("gridEditor") JBoss Seam 2.Destroy}"/> </h:column> </h:dataTable> We imagine that you will want to customize this for your own application.select}" value="#{msg. To work around this use an event scoped component to store the component bindings and inject it into the conversation scoped component that requires it. since it creates a hard dependency from application logic to the view. before the Seam conversation context has been restored.. Conversational components and JSF component bindings Conversational components have one minor limitation: they cannot be used to hold bindings to JSF components. Notice that the conversation list lets the user destroy workspaces. (We generally prefer not to use this feature of JSF unless absolutely necessary.7. @Name("grid") @Scope(ScopeType.0.5.destroy}" value="#{msg.EVENT) public class Grid { private HtmlPanelGrid htmlPanelGrid.Conversations and workspace management </h:outputText> </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Action</f:facet> <h:commandButton action="#{entry.CR2 99 .) On a postback request. Only conversations with a description will be included in the list.select}"/> </ui:repeat 6. component bindings are updated during the Restore View phase. // getters and setters .. Breadcrumbs Breadcrumbs are useful in applications which use a nested conversation model. 6.8.0.
g. </h:dataTable> JSF UI components are available with their client identifier in this map. you can access the JSF component tree through the implicit uiComponent handle. which causes action to be executed asynchronously on the server (so the the response to the client is immediate). and. . 6. "Concurrency model". Here we will discuss the most common situation in which you will encounter concurrency — accessing conversational components from AJAX requests. Concurrent calls to conversational components A general discussion of concurrent calls to Seam components can be found in Section 3. Therefore Seam queues the action event for a period of time (the concurrent request timeout).CR2 100 . Conversational components don't allow real concurrent access therefore Seam queues each request to process them serially.rowIndex} </h:column> . It's therefore very important not to flood the server with AJAX events! We can set a sensible default for the concurrent request timeout (in ms) in components. AJAX is often to used to provide a quick status update to the user. secondly. so continuing to run the action after a long time isn't useful. But what if we need to do a complex computation? For heavy computation we should use a truly asynchronous (poll based) approach — the client sends an AJAX request to the server.CONVERSATION) public class GridEditor { @In(required=false) private Grid grid.10.. it creates a temporary conversation and prints out a message to the user to let them know what's going on.Conversations and workspace management @Scope(ScopeType.xml: <core:manager concurrent-request-timeout="500" /> So far we've discussed "synchronous" AJAX requests .the client tells the server that an event has occur.. running it over and over again whenever the client generates a request is bad idea (potential for Denial of Service attacks). if it can't process the event in time. However. We're going to discuss the options that a Ajax client library should provide to control events originating at the client — and we'll look at the options RichFaces gives you. for some reason. it prints the current row number: <h:dataTable id="lineItemTable" var="lineItem" value="#{orderHome.lineItems}"> <h:column> Row: #{uiComponent['lineItemTable']. and then rerenders part of the page based on the result.0. a simple queue isn't that great — firstly... the client then polls the server for updates. This approach is great when the AJAX request is lightweight (the methods called are simple e. } Alternatively. This allows each request to be executed in a deterministic fashion. taking a very long time to complete.9. calculating the sum of a column of numbers). This is useful when you have a longrunning action for which it is important that every action executes (you don't want some to be dropped as du- JBoss Seam 2.0. The following example accesses getRowIndex()of the UIData component which backs the data table during iteration.1. if a method is.
retrieving information from a slow source) as the server isn't flooded. eventsQueue • — ignore the response produced by the request if a more recent 'similar' request is already in the queue. Finally. then you need to make an estimate of how long your AJAX request will take to complete . a keypress. or to timeout). you probably want to alter the concurrent request timeout for this method (as discussed above). // This method is called when an event occurs on the client // It takes a really long time to execute @Asynchronous public void calculateTotal() { total = someReallyComplicatedCalculation(). This is useful if the request can to the server can take some time to execute (e.0.g. You just mark your action method @Asynchronous and decide on a polling interval: int total. How should we design our conversational AJAX application? Well first. RichFaces Ajax RichFaces Ajax is the AJAX library most commonly used with Seam. the client library may provide an option to abort unfinished duplicate requests in favor of the most recent. ignoreDupResponses This option should be used with care with Seam's conversations as it allows multiple concurrent requests to be made. ignoreDupResponses="true" does not cancel the the processing of the request on the server side — just prevents unnecessary updates on the client side. Using a poll-style design requires less fine-tuning. } // This method is called as the result of the poll // It's very quick to execute public int getTotal() { return total. When working out your request delay. All events are queued and requests are sent to the server serially. } 6. onblur of input fields) and immediate update of the client is not a priority you should set a request delay on the client side.CR2 101 . requestDelay JBoss Seam 2. If the event occurs often (e. and provides all the controls discussed above: • — provide a queue in which events are placed.9.Conversations and workspace management plicates. Next you probably want a queue on the client side to prevent flooding the server with requests.1. factor in that the event may also be queued on the server side. • — defines the time (in ms.0. You need to be careful with this option as it can lead to flooding of the server with requests if the server is not able to abort the unfinished request. If you go for a "synchronous" approach.g.is it much shorter than the concurrent request timeout? If not. If the request has not been processed by after this time the request will be sent (regardless of whether a response has been received) or discarded (if there is a more recent similar event on the queue). heavy computation.) that the request will be remain on the queue. you need to decide whether you want to use the simpler "synchronous" request or whether you want to add using a poll-style approach.
0. and rerenders an area as needed JBoss Seam 2.Conversations and workspace management This option should be used with care with Seam's conversations as it allows multiple concurrent requests to be made.CR2 102 . • <a:poll reRender="total" interval="1000" /> — Polls the server. You need to be sure that the delay you set (in combination with the concurrent request timeout) is longer than the action will take to execute.0.
so it is considered long-running. XML dialect called jPDL. Pageflows and business processes JBoss jBPM is a business process management engine for any Java SE or EE environment. Futhermore. You don't have to know jDPL to use Seam.Chapter 7.1. and is suitable for a range of problems.1. conversation and task all refer to a single interaction with a single user. If you're perfectly happy defining pageflow using JSF or Seam navigation rules.the stateful navigation model Very simple applications will only need the stateless navigation model. Its state is persistent in the jBPM database.1. all the way up to orchestration of services in a SOA environment. Coordination of the activities of multiple users is a much more complex problem than scripting an interaction with a single user. tasks. Here is an example page flow definition using JSF navigation rules: JBoss Seam 2. 7. Pageflow in Seam There are two ways to define pageflow in Seam: • • Using JSF or Seam navigation rules . A business process spans many tasks. A Seam conversation is considered to be a relatively short-running interaction with a single user. etc. web pages. A jPDL process definition defines the page flow for a single conversation. and may be edited and visualised graphically using an eclipse plugin. You can use them together or independently or not at all. This means that your action listener methods must sometimes make decisions about the page flow. The graph is defined using a simple. • Don't get these two things confused ! They operate at very different levels or granularity. decisions. Very complex applications will use both models in different places. The business process may span multiple conversations with multiple users. Pageflow. logical outcomes of an event directly to the resulting page of the view. you probably don't need jBPM. The two navigation models The stateless model defines a mapping from a set of named. the two applications of jBPM are totally orthogonal.0. since only they have access to the current state of the application.the stateless navigation model Using jPDL . Seam applications use jBPM for two different problems: • Defining the pageflow involved in complex user interactions. But we're finding that thinking of user interaction in terms of a well-defined graphical representation is helping us build more robust applications. from defining web application page flow. very readable. jBPM lets you represent a business process or user interaction as a graph of nodes representing wait states. and if your application is more data-driven that process-driven.CR2 103 . Each model has its strengths and weaknesses! 7.0. to traditional workflow management. jPDL is an extensible language. The navigation rules are entirely oblivious to any state held by the application other than what page was the source of the event. Defining the overarching business process. so jBPM offers sophisticated facilities for task management and dealing with multiple concurrent paths of execution.
if (++guessCount==maxGuesses) return "/lose. } Note that this results in a redirect.jsp". you can return view ids directly from your action listener methods: public String guess() { if (guess==randomNumber) return "/win. You can even specify parameters to be used in the redirect: public String search() { return "/searchResults.CR2 104 .jsp"/> </rule> <rule if-outcome="lose"> <redirect view-id="/lose.0.jsp"/> </rule> <rule if-outcome="win"> <redirect view-id="/win.searchPattern}".jsp</to-view-id> <redirect/> </navigation-case> <navigation-case> <from-outcome>lose</from-outcome> <to-view-id>/lose.jsp"/> </rule> </navigation> </page> If you find navigation rules overly verbose.Pageflows and business processes <navigation-rule> <from-view-id>/numberGuess. it is possible to express the flow of any user interaction entirely in the jPDL pageflow definition. In this model.jsp?searchPattern=#{searchAction. return null. logical application states. and write action listener methods that are completely unaware of the flow of the interaction.jsp</to-view-id> <redirect/> </navigation-case> </navigation-rule> Here is the same example page flow definition using Seam navigation rules: <page view-id="/numberGuess.jsp</to-view-id> <redirect/> </navigation-case> <navigation-case> <from-outcome>win</from-outcome> <to-view-id>/win.0. } The stateful model defines a set of transitions between a set of named.jsp"> <redirect/> JBoss Seam 2.jsp".jsp"> <navigation> <rule if-outcome="guess"> <redirect view-id="/numberGuess. Here is an example page flow definition using jPDL: <pageflow-definition name="numberGuess"> <start-page name="displayGuess" view-id="/numberGuess.jsp</from-view-id> <navigation-case> <from-outcome>guess</from-outcome> <to-view-id>/numberGuess.
) The jPDL makes the user interaction immediately understandable. • In addition.correctGuess}"> <transition name="true" to="win"/> <transition name="false" to="evaluateRemainingGuesses"/> </decision> <decision name="evaluateRemainingGuesses" expression="#{numberGuess. there are JBoss Seam 2. this obscures the fact that the underlying Java code is more complex.jsp"> <redirect/> <end-conversation /> </page> </pageflow-definition> There are two things we notice immediately here: • The JSF/Seam navigation rules are much simpler.jsp"> <redirect/> <end-conversation /> </page> <page name="lose" view-id="/lose. without us needing to even look at the JSP or Java code. the stateful model is more constrained.0. (However.Pageflows and business processes <transition name="guess" to="evaluateGuess"> <action expression="#{numberGuess.CR2 105 .lastGuess}"> <transition name="true" to="lose"/> <transition name="false" to="displayGuess"/> </decision> <page name="win" view-id="/win. For each logical state (each step in the page flow).0.guess}" /> </transition> </start-page> <decision name="evaluateGuess" expression="#{numberGuess.
freeform navigation where the user decides where he/she wants to go next. avoiding application modal behavior is one of the main reasons for having conversations! However. our experience is that in the context of Seam.and stateless component models like EJB stateless session beans or the Spring framework has taught many developers that this is close to impossible to do! However. in the stateful model. It tells Seam to redirect to a different page if a request originates from a page rendered during a conversation. backbuttoning is interpreted as an undefined transition back to a previous state. forward and refresh buttons. Seam applications are not usually modal in the simple sense of the word .0.xhtml"/> On the other hand. The stateless model is an ad hoc model which is suitable to relatively unconstrained. the no-conversation-view-id declaration goes in pages. backed by stateful session beans. We consider support for freeform navigation to be almost always desirable. In this case. Seam and the back button When JSF or Seam navigation rules are used. It is well-known that modal behavior is something to avoid as much as possible.1. we still need to define what happens if a request originates from a page rendered during a pageflow. and simply redirects the user to the "current" page (and displays a faces message).CR2 106 .2.that do not support a conversational model .indeed. it is actually quite straightforward.xhtml" no-conversation-view-id="/main. The biggest contrast between the two models is the back-button behavior. In this case. and the conversation with the pageflow no longer exists.Pageflows and business processes a constrained set of possible transitions to other states. and blocks any attempt to perform an action from a previous. it is very difficult to predict the order in which your users are going to want to do things! However. modal at the level of a particular conversation. Now. it is a feature. 7.xhtml" back="enabled"> <redirect/> <transition to="checkout"/> <transition name="complete" to="complete"/> </page> This allows backbuttoning from the checkout state to any previous state! Of course. and often are. "stale" page. Whether you consider this a feature or a limitation of the stateful model depends upon your point of view: as an application developer.0. Usually it is as simple as combining the use of noconversation-view-id with null checks at the beginning of action listener methods. there is no doubt that the stateful model has its place. as a user. Seam applications can be. Since the stateful model enforces a defined set of transitions from the current state. It is the responsibility of the application to ensure that conversational state remains internally consistent when this occurs.xml. where there is a well-defined conversational model. it might be frustrating! You can enable backbutton navigation from a particular page node by setting back="enabled". back buttoning is by default disallowed in the stateful model! Seam transparently detects the use of the back button. not the application. the no-conversation-view-id declaration goes into the pageflow definition: <page name="checkout" view-id="/checkout.xhtml" JBoss Seam 2. Experience with the combination of web application frameworks like Struts or WebWork . The stateful/stateless navigation distinction is quite similar to the traditional view of modal/modeless interaction. Seam lets the user freely navigate via the back. and that conversation no longer exists: <page view-id="/checkout. <page name="checkout" view-id="/checkout.
2. we use a <start-state> as the first node in the pageflow. as in the example above. <core:jbpm> <core:pageflow-definitions> <value>pageflow.1. and declare a transition for each possible outcome: <pageflow-definition name="viewEditDocument"> <start-state name="start"> <transition name="documentFound" to="displayDocument"/> <transition name="documentNotFound" to="notFound"/> </start-state> <page name="displayDocument" view-id="/document. @BeginTask or @StartTask annotation: @Begin(pageflow="numberguess") public void begin() { . In this case. and you'll quickly learn to recognize when to prefer one model over the other. Installing pageflows We need to install the Seam jBPM-related components.0. for example—we consider ourselves to be already at the page being rendered.0.jpdl. We can specify this Seam configuration in components.CR2 107 .xml. } Alternatively we can start a pageflow using pages. 7. Starting pageflows We "start" a jPDL-based pageflow by specifying the name of the process definition using a @Begin.Pageflows and business processes back="enabled" no-conversation-view-id="/main... Using jPDL pageflows 7. and use a <start-page> node as the first node in the pageflow.2.2.jsp"> <transition name="edit" to="editDocument"/> JBoss Seam 2.xml: <page> <begin-conversation pageflow="numberguess"/> </page> If we are beginning the pageflow during the RENDER_RESPONSE phase—during a @Factory or @Create method.xhtml"> <redirect/> <transition to="checkout"/> <transition name="complete" to="complete"/> </page> In practice. both navigation models have their place. 7. But if the pageflow is begun as the result of an action listener invocation. and tell them where to find our pageflow definition.2. the second points to a jPDL-based pageflow definition.xml</value> </core:pageflow-definitions> </core:jbpm> The first line installs jBPM. the outcome of the action listener determines which is the first page to be rendered.
Page nodes and transitions Each <page> node represents a state where the system is waiting for user input: <page name="displayGuess" view-id="/numberGuess. a command button with no action defined).2.jsp"> <redirect/> <transition to="evaluateGuess"> <action expression="#{numberGuess.0.jsp"> <redirect/> <transition name="guess" to="evaluateGuess"> <action expression="#{numberGuess. <page name="notFound" view-id="/404. a post-then-redirect behavior.Pageflows and business processes <transition name="done" to="main"/> </page> . to overcome problems with the browser's refresh button. So we could slightly simplify our example pageflow and this button: <h:commandButton type="submit" value="Guess"/> Would fire the following un-named transition: <page name="displayGuess" view-id="/numberGuess.guess}"/> JBoss Seam 2. So there is no need for a Ruby on Rails style "flash" construct in Seam!) The transition name is the name of a JSF outcome triggered by clicking a command button or command link in numberGuess. Notice that the syntax used for specifying actions in the jPDL is just a familiar JSF EL expression.0. So we have exactly the same event model for jBPM events that we already have for JSF events! (The One Kind of Stuff principle. in which case the action outcome will determine the transition to be taken: <h:commandButton type="submit" value="Guess" action="#{numberGuess. (Note that Seam propagates conversation contexts over these browser redirects. Seam will signal the transition with no name if one exists. or else simply redisplay the page if all transitions have names. <h:commandButton type="submit" value="Guess" action="guess"/> When the transition is triggered by clicking this button. and that the transition action handler is just a method of a Seam component in the current Seam contexts. The <redirect/> element has the same effect as <redirect/> in a JSF navigation rule: namely.guess}" /> </transition> </page> The view-id is the JSF view id.3.) In the case of a null outcome (for example..CR2 108 .guess}" /> </transition> </page> It is even possible to have the button call an action method..jsp.jsp"> <end-conversation/> </page> </pageflow-definition> 7. jBPM will activate the transition action by calling the guess() method of the numberGuess component.
correctGuess}"> <transition name="true" to="win"/> <transition name="false" to="evaluateRemainingGuesses"/> </decision> A decision is made by evaluating a JSF EL expression in the Seam contexts. We do need the <decision> node. In this case.2. <page name="win" view-id="/win.0. this is considered an inferior style. however: <decision name="evaluateGuess" expression="#{numberGuess.jsp"> <redirect/> <end-task transition="success"/> </page> 7.CR2 109 .) <page name="win" view-id="/win.Pageflows and business processes <page name="displayGuess" view-id="/numberGuess. for readability.5. and execution of the outer flow resumes with the transition defined by the <process-state> element. we don't need the more powerful features of jPDL when defining pageflows. It is much better to centralize this concern in the pageflow itself. When it reaches an <end-state> node.6. The <process-state> node pauses the outer pageflow. use of both is encouraged.0. specify a jBPM transition name.2. execution of the inner flow ends. 7. Ending the flow We end the conversation using <end-conversation> or @End.2.jsp"> <transition name="correctGuess" to="win"/> <transition name="incorrectGuess" to="evaluateGuess"/> </page> However. we can end a task. Seam will signal the end of the current task in the overarching business process. JBoss Seam 2.4.jsp"> <redirect/> <end-conversation/> </page> Optionally. Pageflow composition It is possible to compose pageflows and have one pageflow pause pause while another pageflow executes. Controlling the flow Usually. 7. (In fact. and begins execution of a named pageflow: <process-state name="cheat"> <sub-process name="cheat"/> <transition to="displayGuess"/> </process-state> The inner flow begins executing at a <start-state> node. since it moves responsibility for controlling the flow out of the pageflow definition and back into the other components.
CR2 110 . A simple business process definition looks much the same as a page flow definition (One Kind of Stuff). Seam's jBPM integration makes it easy to display lists of tasks to users and let them manage their tasks. <process-definition name="todo"> <start-state name="start"> <transition to="todo"/> </start-state> <task-node name="todo"> <task name="todo" description="#{todoList. and when it should be performed. Business process management in Seam A business process is a well-defined set of tasks that must be performed by users or software systems according to well-defined rules about who can perform a task. In a long-running business process.description}"> <assignment actor-id="#{actor. and have that state made persistent via jBPM variables. If so. the relationship between the two is that a single <task> in a business process corresponds to a whole pageflow <pageflow-definition> 7.0.4.Pageflows and business processes 7.id}"/> </task> <transition to="done"/> </task-node> <end-state name="done"/> </process-definition> It is perfectly possible that we might have both jPDL business process definitions and jPDL pageflow definitions in the same project.3.0. Seam also lets the application store state associated with the business process in the BUSINESS_PROCESS context. except that instead of <page> nodes. the wait states are where the system is waiting for some user to log in and perform a task. Using jPDL business process definitions JBoss Seam 2. we have <task-node> nodes.
} 7..xml: <page> <create-process definition="todo" /> </page> 7..addAll( user. and tell it where to find the business process definitions: <core:jbpm> <core:process-definitions> <value>todo.getGroupNames() ).Pageflows and business processes 7. The pooledTaskInstanceList is a list of JBoss Seam 2.4. actor. Task lists Several built-in Seam components make it easy to display task lists. We can either hardcode our actor ids.3. we have simply assigned the task to the current user.CR2 111 .id}"/> </task> In this case. task instances are created.4. Installing process definitions We need to install jBPM.setId( user..0. These must be assigned to users or user groups.4.4.4. jBPM "knows" users by their actor id and group actor ids.getUserName() ). or delegate to a Seam component: <task name="todo" description="#{todoList.2.description}"> <assignment actor-id="#{actor. . Initiating a business process To initiate a business process instance. Task assignment When a process reaches a task node.5.1. } Alternatively we can initiate a business process using pages.xml</value> </core:process-definitions> </core:jbpm> 7.getGroupActorIds(). We can also assign tasks to a pool: <task name="todo" description="#{todoList. We specify the current actor ids using the built in Seam component named actor: @In Actor actor.description}"> <assignment pooled-actors="employees"/> </task> 7... public String login() { .0. we use the @CreateProcess annotation: @CreateProcess(definition="todo") public void createTodo() { . actor.jpdl. Initializing actor ids We always need to know what user is currently logged in.4..
} Alternatively we can begin work on a task using pages. If we end the conversation using @EndTask.xml: <page> <start-task /> </page> These annotations begin a special kind of conversation that has significance in terms of the overarching business process.description}"/> </h:column> <h:column> <s:link action="#{todoList..Pageflows and business processes pooled tasks that users may assign to themselves: <h:dataTable value="#{pooledTaskInstanceList}" var="task"> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Description</f:facet> <h:outputText value="#{task.description}"/> </h:column> <h:column> <s:link action="#{pooledTask. Performing a task To begin work on a task.6.. The taskInstanceListForType component includes tasks of a particular type that are assigned to the current user: <h:dataTable value="#{taskInstanceListForType['todo']}" var="task"> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Description</f:facet> <h:outputText value="#{task.0. } Alternatively we can use pages.0.4. we use either @StartTask or @BeginTask on the listener method: @StartTask public String start() { . Work done by this conversation has access to state held in the business process context.xml: <page> <end-task transition="completed" /> </page> JBoss Seam 2. Seam will signal the completion of the task: @EndTask(transition="completed") public String completed() { .assignToCurrentActor}" value="Assign" taskInstance="#{task}"/> </h:column> </h:dataTable> Note that instead of <s:link> we could have used a plain JSF <h:commandLink>: <h:commandLink action="#{pooledTask..start}" value="Start Work" taskInstance="#{task}"/> </h:column> </h:dataTable> 7.id}"/> </h:commandLink> The pooledTask component is a built-in component that simply assigns the task to the current user..CR2 112 .assignToCurrentActor}"> <f:param name="taskId" value="#{task.
Pageflows and business processes You can also use EL to specify the transition in pages.CR2 113 .xml.0. JBoss Seam 2. jBPM takes over and continues executing the business process definition. (In more complex processes. At this point. several tasks might need to be completed before process execution can resume.) Please refer to the jBPM documentation for a more thorough overview of the sophisticated features that jBPM provides for managing complex business processes.0.
8. But almost all interesting work involves first displaying data to a user. An atomic (database/JTA) level transaction should not span a user interaction unless the application is designed to support only a very small number of concurrent clients. EJB 3. So. and be sure that it is committed or rolled back when we finish processing the action. and the Java Persistence API introduced with EJB 3. The state management architecture of Seam was originally designed to solve problems relating to persistence—in particular problems associated with optimistic transaction processing.Chapter 8. • Seam solves the first problem by providing conversations. Seam managed transactions EJB session beans feature declarative transaction management.0. So Hibernate was designed to support the idea of a persistence context which spanned an optimistic transaction. updating the same data. Unfortunately. instead.0. Seam and Object/Relational Mapping Seam provides extensive support for the two most popular persistence architectures for Java: Hibernate3. Of course. (Most conversations actually represent optimistic transactions in the data layer. and stateful session bean components scoped to the conversation. This is a great feature.0 recognizes this problem. 8.0. If we write a session bean method that acts as a JSF action listener. The EJB container is able to start a transaction transparently when the bean is invoked. propagation of the persistence context across components becomes an important issue. this resulted in many problems for users. So Seam extends the persistence context management model of EJB 3. Introduction Seam grew out of the frustration of the Hibernate team with the statelessness typical of the previous generation of Java application architectures. slightly later. and is the cause of the number one user complaint about Hibernate: the dreaded LazyInitializationException. What we need is a construct for representing an optimistic transaction in the application tier. to provide conversation-scoped extended persistence contexts.0 had no construct for representing an optimistic transaction. we can do all the work associated with that action in one transaction. Scalable online applications always use optimistic transactions.2. with many loosly-interacting components in each conversation. Propagation of the persistence context between stateful components in the same optimistic transaction is possible. This is a partial solution to the problem (and is a useful construct in and of itself) however there are two problems: • The lifecycle of the stateful session bean must be managed manually via code in the web tier (it turns out that this is a subtle problem and much more difficult in practice than it sounds). and all that is needed by some Seam applications. and introduces the idea of a stateful component (a stateful session bean) with an extended persistence context scoped to the lifetime of the component. and end it when the invocation ends. Seam's unique state-management architecture allows the most sophisticated ORM integration of any web application framework. the so-called "stateless" architectures that preceded Seam and EJB 3. and then. For more complex applications.1.CR2 114 . but tricky.) This is sufficient for many simple applications (such as the Seam booking demo) where persistence context propagation is not needed. these architectures provided persistence contexts scoped to the atomic transaction.0. JBoss Seam 2.
It is common to see several or even many calls per request from the web layer to EJB components in Seam.1. the first spans the beginning of the update model values phase until the end of the invoke application phase. instead of to the transaction use two transactions per request. and synchronizJBoss Seam 2. and there are good reasons to use Seam transaction management even when you're not using Seam-managed persistence contexts. There are several problems with this implementation. the view is fully rendered. In the Hibernate community. the two facilities were designed to work together. Rendering of the view might require lazy fetching of associations. or in any other case where you would use a Seam-managed persistence context. The solution comes in two parts: • • use an extended persistence context that is scoped to the conversation. the second spans the render response phase In the next section. But it is especially useful if you use Seam outside a Java EE 5 environment.xml: <core:init transaction-management-enabled="false"/> 8. rolling back. How can we notify the user that their transaction was unsuccessful? Seam solves both the transaction isolation problem and the association fetching problem.0 container-managed persistence contexts. Certainly. you can do it in components.0. each of which is called independently from the web layer. "open session in view" was historically even more important because frameworks like Spring use transaction-scoped persistence contexts. So rendering the view would cause LazyInitializationExceptions when unfetched associations were accessed.2. the most serious being that we can never be sure that a transaction is successful until we commit it—but by the time the "open session in view" transaction is committed. This pattern is usually implemented as a single transaction which spans the entire request. we'll tell you how to set up a conversation-scope persistence context. there is a problem with this approach. • The request might require processing by several loosly-coupled components. If you want to disable this feature. all write operations should occur in the same transaction! Hibernate users developed the "open session in view" pattern to work around this problem.2. But first we need to tell you how to enable Seam transaction management.Seam and Object/Relational Mapping However. Disabling Seam-managed transactions Seam transaction management is enabled by default for all JSF requests. However. Configuring a Seam transaction manager Seam provides a transaction management abstraction for beginning.CR2 115 . 8. while working around the problems with "open session in view". Note that you can use conversation-scoped persistence contexts without Seam transaction management. A Seam application may not perform all data access for a request from a single method call to a session bean.2.0. the more likely we are to encounter atomicity and isolation problems when our application is processing many concurrent requests. • The more transactions per request. and work best when used together. and the rendered response may already have been flushed to the client. committing. Seam transaction management is useful even if you're using EJB 3.
Explicitly disable Seam managed transactions • Configure JPA RESOURCE_LOCAL transaction management by adding the following to your components. Seam-managed persistence contexts If you're using Seam outside of a Java EE 5 environment. Hibernate managed transactions with the org.3. you can't rely upon the container to manage the persistence context lifecycle for you. If in a Java EE 5 environment the <transaction:ejb-transaction/> component should be be declared in the components.persistence.springframework.0. Even if you are in an EE 5 environment.Transaction interface. you'll need to use a managed persistence context (for JPA) or a managed session (for Hibernate) in your components.EntityTransaction interface. 8.2. By default Seam uses a JTA transaction component that integrates with Container Managed and programmatic EJB transactions.xml: <transaction:no-transaction /> For configuring Spring managed transactions see using Spring PlatformTransactionManagement .PlatformTransactionManager interface. Spring managed transactions with the org.0.Seam and Object/Relational Mapping ing with a transaction.hibernate. 8.xml where #{hiberanteSession} is the name of the project's persistence:managed-hibernate-session component. A Seam-managed persistence context is just a built-in Seam component that manages an JBoss Seam 2. and in this case you might find that propagation of the persistence context between component is tricky and errorprone. Transaction synchronization Transaction synchronization is the ability to provide callbacks for various transaction related events such as beforeCompletion() and afterCompletion() .xml where #{entityManager} is the name of the persistence:managed-persistence-context component. you might have a complex application with many loosly coupled components that collaborate together in the scope of a single conversation. (see Seam-managed persistence contexts ) <transaction:entity-transaction entity-manager="#{entityManager}"/> To configure Hibernate managed transactions declare the following in your components. In either case. Out of the box Seam provides transaction components for the following additional transaction APIs: • • • JPA RESOURCE_LOCAL transactions with the javax.CR2 116 .transaction.3.xml to ensure that Seam synchronization callbacks are correctly called if the container commits a transaction outside of Seam's knowledge. (see Seam-managed persistence contexts ) <transaction:hibernate-transaction session="#{hiberanteSession}"/> To explicitly disable Seam managed transactions declare the following in your components. By default Seam uses it's own transaction synchronization component which requires explicit use of the Seam transaction component when committing a transaction to ensure synchronization callbacks are correctly executed.
so you should always enable hibernto ensure that the session is automatically flushed before the JTA transaction commits.transaction.transaction. Using a Seam-managed Hibernate session Seam-managed Hibernate sessions are similar.) 8.xml. (We hope to fix this oversight in the next revision of the EJB spec. Seam supports transparent failover of extended persisence contexts.manager.manager_lookup_class">org.datasource">java:/bookingDatasource</property> . Seam-managed persistence contexts are extremely efficient in a clustered environment.hibernate. we can write: <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="bookingDatabase" auto-create="true" persistence-unit-jndi-name="java:/EntityManagerFactories/bookingData"/> This configuration creates a conversation-scoped Seam component named bookingDatabase that manages the lifecycle of EntityManager instances for the persistence unit (EntityManagerFactory instance) with JNDI name java:/EntityManagerFactories/bookingData. <session-factory name="java:/bookingSessionFactory"> <property name="transaction.0.0 specification does not allow containers to use for container-managed extended persistence contexts.3.xml.Seam and Object/Relational Mapping instance of EntityManager or Session in the conversation context. you need to make sure that you have bound the EntityManagerFactory into JNDI. Seam is able to perform an optimization that EJB 3.jndi.1.cfg.2. Of course.xml: <persistence:hibernate-session-factory name="hibernateSessionFactory"/> <persistence:managed-hibernate-session name="bookingDatabase" auto-create="true" session-factory-jndi-name="java:/bookingSessionFactory"/> Where java:/bookingSessionFactory is the name of the session factory specified in hibernate. without the need to replicate any persistence context state between nodes. Using a Seam-managed persistence context with JPA Configuring a managed persistence context is easy.name" value="java:/EntityManagerFactories/bookingData"/> Now we can have our EntityManager injected using: @In EntityManager bookingDatabase..JBossTransactionManage <property name="transaction.entity. 8.hibernate.flush_before_completion the session. We can now have a managed Hibernate Session injected into our JavaBean components using the following code: JBoss Seam 2. </session-factory> Note that Seam does not flush ate. You can inject it with @In.xml.factory_class">org.0.CR2 117 . In JBoss..release_mode">after_statement</property> <property name="transaction. In components.3. you can do this by adding the following property setting to persistence.JTATransactionFactory</proper <property name="connection. In components.flush_before_completion">true</property> <property name="connection. <property name="jboss.factory.transaction.
3. Seam lets you specify FlushModeType. As the result of a truly stupid and shortsighted decision by certain non-JBoss. the claim object remains managed by the persistence context for the rest ot the conversation. without the need to re-load data at the beginning of each request.0.Seam and Object/Relational Mapping @In Session bookingDatabase.flush(). Fortunately.0 persistence. Using the JPA "delegate" The EntityManager interface lets you access a vendor-specific API via the getDelegate() method.0. This is sometimes the desired behavior. non-Sun and non-Sybase members of the EJB 3. for example in a navigation rule: <begin-conversation flush-mode="MANUAL" /> 8. } Of course. there is currently no simple. and without the need to wrestle with the LazyInitializationException or NonUniqueObjectException. we would prefer that all changes are held in memory and only written to the database when the conversation ends successfully. claimId). } But these changes will not be flushed to the database until we explicitly force the flush to occur: @End public void commitClaim() { em.3. We can make changes to the claim: public void addPartyToClaim() { Party party = .0 expert group..find(Claim.class. claim. 8.0 make it very easy to use optimistic locking.. you could set the flushMode to MANUAL from pages. } Now.. This allows for truly atomic conversations. However. But very often. //a Seam-managed persistence context @Begin(flushMode=MANUAL) public void beginClaimWizard() { claim = em. Currently. Naturally.MANUAL when beginning a conversation. transaction isolation and consistency can be achieved via use of optimistic locking.CR2 118 . As with any optimistic transaction management.addParty(party). JBoss Seam 2. both Hibernate and EJB 3. Hibernate provides this feature as a vendor extension to the FlushModeTypes defined by the specification. this works only when Hibernate is the underlying persistence provider. usable and portable way to implement atomic conversations using EJB 3. By default. but we plan to support other equivalent vendor extensions. the persistence context is flushed (synchronized with the database) at the end of each transaction.4. Seam-managed persistence contexts and atomic conversations Persistence contexts scoped to the conversation allows you to program optimistic transactions that span multiple requests to the server without the need to use the merge() operation . and it is our expectation that other vendors will soon provide a similar extension. by providing the @Version annotation. @In EntityManager em.xml..
createQuery("from User where username=" + user.delegate}"/> Now we can inject the session directly: @In Session session.0. and the most powerful delegate interface is org. @Create public void init() { ( (Session) entityManager. This lets you use EL expressions in your query strings.xml: <factory name="session" scope="STATELESS" auto-create="true" value="#{entityManager. Using EL in EJB-QL/HQL Seam proxies the EntityManager or Session object whenever you use a Seam-managed persistence context or inject a container managed persistence context using @PersistenceContext. Using Hibernate filters The coolest. But regardless of whether you're using Hibernate (genius!) or something else (masochist. user. you'll almost certainly want to use the delegate in your Seam components from time to time.enableFilter("currentVersions"). feature of Hibernate is filters. } 8. or just not very bright).username}") . For example.Session. so most people avoid them whenever possible.setParameter("username".5.6.createQuery("from User where username=#{user. you should never.CR2 119 . You'd be nuts to use anything else. add the following line to components. ever write it like this: User user = em.getSingleResult(). is equivalent to: User user = em.getDelegate() ). safely and efficiently. Filters let you provide a restricted view of the data JBoss Seam 2. (It is inefficient and vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. this: User user = em. One approach would be the following: @In EntityManager entityManager. } But typecasts are unquestionably the ugliest syntax in the Java language.enableFilter("currentVersions"). and most unique.Seam and Object/Relational Mapping the most interesting vendor is Hibernate. Of course.getUsername()) //BAD! .getUsername()) . First. Here's a different way to get at the delegate.hibernate. Trust me.0.getSingleResult().) 8.getSingleResult(). I'm not biased at all.createQuery("from User where username=:username") . @Create public void init() { session.
0. But we thought we'd mention an easy way to incorporate filters into a Seam application.0. one that works especially well with the Seam Application Framework.code}</value> </persistence:parameters> </persistence:filter> <persistence:filter name="currentFilter"> <persistence:name>current</persistence:name> <persistence:parameters> <key>date</key> <value>#{currentDate}</value> </persistence:parameters> </persistence:filter> <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="personDatabase" persistence-unit-jndi-name="java:/EntityManagerFactories/personDatabase"> <core:filters> <value>#{regionFilter}</value> <value>#{currentFilter}</value> </core:filters> </persistence:managed-persistence-context> JBoss Seam 2. Seam-managed persistence contexts may have a list of filters defined.CR2 120 . they may only be used when Hibernate is the underlying persistence provider. You can find out more about filters in the Hibernate documentation. which will be enabled whenever an EntityManager or Hibernate Session is first created.) <persistence:filter name="regionFilter"> <persistence:name>region</persistence:name> <persistence:parameters> <key>regionCode</key> <value>#{region. (Of course.Seam and Object/Relational Mapping in the database.
} public void setCountry(String c) { country = c.0. } } Well. @NotNull @Country public String getCountry() { return country. JSF form validation in Seam In plain JSF. this approach usually violates DRY.CR2 121 . Seam provides support for model-based constraints defined using Hibernate Validator. but in practice it might be more elegant to use custom constraints instead of the ones built into Hibernate Validator: public class Location { private String country. Let's start by defining our constraints. on our Location class: public class Location { private String country.country}" required="true"> <my:validateCountry/> </h:inputText> </div> <div> Zip code: <h:inputText value="#{location. } @NotNull @ZipCode public String getZip() { return zip. } public void setZip(String z) { zip = z. } public void setCountry(String c) { country = c. } @NotNull @Length(max=6) @Pattern("^\d*$") public String getZip() { return zip. and exist all the way down to the database schema definition. since most "validation" actually enforces constraints that are part of the data model. validation is defined in the view: <h:form> <h:messages/> <div> Country: <h:inputText value="#{location. that's a decent first cut. } } JBoss Seam 2. private String zip. @NotNull @Length(max=30) public String getCountry() { return country.Chapter 9.0. } public void setZip(String z) { zip = z. private String zip.zip}" required="true"> <my:validateZip/> </h:inputText> </div> <h:commandButton/> </h:form> In practice.
We wouldn't want to have to specify hig- JBoss Seam 2.CR2 122 . Currently we are displaying all messages at the top of the form. it can save a lot of typing! Now we need to do something about displaying feedback to the user when validation fails. we can use <s:validate> to validate against the constraint defined on the model object.JSF form validation in Seam Whichever route we take. Instead. This approach defines constraints on the model.country}" required="true"> <s:validate/> </h:inputText> </div> <div> Zip code: <h:inputText value="#{location. We also want to display a little colored asterisk next to the label for each required form field. For a large form.zip}" required="true"/> </div> <h:commandButton/> </s:validateAll> </h:form> This tag simply adds an <s:validate> to every input in the form.0. it is not much less verbose than what we started with. for good measure. we no longer need to specify the type of validation to be used in the JSF page.country}" required="true"/> </div> <div> Zip code: <h:inputText value="#{location. so let's try <s:validateAll>: <h:form> <h:messages/> <s:validateAll> <div> Country: <h:inputText value="#{location. <h:form> <h:messages/> <div> Country: <h:inputText value="#{location. What we would really like to do is display the message next to the field with the error (this is possible in plain JSF). However.0. display some image next the the field (also not possible). highlight the field and label (this is not possible) and. and presents constraint violations in the view—a significantly better design. That's quite a lot of functionality we need for each field of our form.zip}" required="true"> <s:validate/> </h:inputText> </div> <h:commandButton/> </h:form> Note: specifying @NotNull on the model does not eliminate the requirement for required="true" to appear on the control! This is due to a limitation of the JSF validation architecture.
instead.com/jsf/core" xmlns:s="http://jboss.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ui="http://java.country}" required="true"> <a:support event="onblur" reRender="countryDecoration" bypassUpdates="true"/> </h:inputText> </s:decorate> <s:decorate id="zipDecoration" template="edit.JSF form validation in Seam lighting and the layout of the image.zip}" required="true"> <a:support event="onblur" reRender="zipDecoration" bypassUpdates="true"/> </h:inputText> </s:decorate> JBoss Seam 2.CR2 123 .sun.w3.xhtml"> <ui:define name="label">Country:</ui:define> <h:inputText value="#{location.0.sun. message and input field for every field on the form. we can use RichFaces Ajax to display validation messages as the user is navigating around the form: <h:form> <h:messages globalOnly="true"/> <s:decorate id="countryDecoration" template="edit.0.xhtml"> <ui:define name="label">Country:</ui:define> <h:inputText value="#{location. we'll specify the common layout in a facelets template: <ui:composition xmlns="http://www.sun.gif" rendered="#{invalid}"/> <s:validateAll> <ui:insert/> </s:validateAll> </span> <s:message styleClass="error"/> </div> </ui:composition> We can include this template for each of our form fields using <s:decorate>.com/jsf/facelets" xmlns:h="http://java.country}" required="true"/> </s:decorate> <s:decorate template="edit. So.com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java. <h:form> <h:messages globalOnly="true"/> <s:decorate template="edit.xhtml"> <ui:define name="label">Zip code:</ui:define> <h:inputText value="#{location.xhtml"> <ui:define name="label">Zip code:</ui:define> <h:inputText value="#{location.zip}" required="true"/> </s:decorate> <h:commandButton/> </h:form> Finally.com/products/seam/taglib"> <div> <s:label styleClass="#{invalid?'error':''}"> <ui:insert name="label"/> <s:span styleClass="required" rendered="#{required}">*</s:span> </s:label> <span class="#{invalid?'error':''}"> <h:graphicImage src="img/error.
} public void setZip(String z) { zip = z.zipCode. // Getters and setters for name @NotNull @Length(max=6) @ZipCode(message="#{messages['location. <h:form id="form"> <h:messages globalOnly="true"/> <s:decorate id="countryDecoration" template="edit.xhtml"> <ui:define name="label">Country:</ui:define> <h:inputText id="country" value="#{location.JSF form validation in Seam <h:commandButton/> </h:form> It's better style to define explicit ids for important controls on the page.CR2 124 .0. but the generated values will change if you change anything on the page. } } location.0.country}" required="true"> <a:support event="onblur" reRender="countryDecoration" bypassUpdates="true"/> </h:inputText> </s:decorate> <s:decorate id="zipDecoration" template="edit.xhtml"> <ui:define name="label">Zip code:</ui:define> <h:inputText id="zip" value="#{location.zipCode. especially if you want to do automated testing for the UI.zip}" required="true"> <a:support event="onblur" reRender="zipDecoration" bypassUpdates="true"/> </h:inputText> </s:decorate> <h:commandButton/> </h:form> And what if you want to specify a different message to be displayed when validation fails? You can use the Seam message bundle (and all it's goodies like el expressions inside the message. using some toolkit like Selenium.name} JBoss Seam 2.invalid = The zip code is not valid for #{location. JSF will generate them. If you don't provide explicit ids. private String zip. and per-view message bundles) with the Hibernate Validator: public class Location { private String name.invalid']}") public String getZip() { return zip.
Ruby and Smalltalk.1.0. Dynamic languages built on top of the Java Virtual Machine.1. Seam uses annotations heavily.2.org] in particular broke this approach in silos. Writing dynamic Seam components is exactly like writing regular Seam components.1. and Groovy [http://groovy. without context switching.codehaus. Groovy introduction Groovy is an agile dynamic language based on the Java language but with additional features inspired by Python. The strengths of Groovy are twofold: • • Java syntax is supported in Groovy: Java code is Groovy code. TODO: write a quick overview of the Groovy syntax add-on 10. JBoss Seam lets the application developer use the best tool for the task. in Groovy and deploy it. 10. Since a Groovy object is a Java object. Until recently. which would be lucky because you would be forced to use those proprietary APIs anyway).1 Beta1 or above for annotation support. Entity @Entity @Name("hotel") class Hotel implements Serializable { @Id @GeneratedValue Long id @Length(max=50) @NotNull String name @Length(max=100) @NotNull String address JBoss Seam 2.Chapter 10.2. Writing Seam applications in Groovy There is not much to say about it. the same everything. Groovy integration One aspect of JBoss Seam is its RAD (Rapid Application Development) capability.1.CR2 125 . one interesting tool in this space is dynamic languages. JBoss Seam now unites the dynamic language world with the Java EE world by seamlessly integrating both static and dynamic languages. Here are some example of groovy code used in a Seam application. and Groovy classes are Java classes: Groovy integrates smoothly with existing Java libraries and frameworks.2. While not synonymous with RAD. choosing a dynamic language was required choosing a completely different development platform (a development platform with a set of APIs and a runtime so great that you would no longer want to use you old legacy Java [sic] APIs anymore. making the learning curve very smooth Groovy objects are Java objects. You use the same annotations. or any class for what it worth. 10. you can virtually write any Seam component. Writing Groovy components As you should have noticed by now.0. the same APIs. 10. You can also mix Groovy classes and Java classes in the same application. Be sure to use Groovy 1.
1 (Groovy 1.1 Beta2 at the time of writing). 10.1.CR2 126 .0.createQuery(''' select b from Booking b where b.id} for #{user.0.booking. max=10) @NotNull String state @Length(min=4.2. scale=2) BigDecimal price @Override String toString() { return "Hotel(${name}.${address}. One negative effect of this is that entity relationships have no built-in type information. The good news is that support for generics is targeted for Groovy 1. max=6) @NotNull String zip @Length(min=2. so there is no need to explicitly write verbose getters and setters: in the previous example. the getters and setters being generated by the Groovy compiler.class.SESSION) @Name("bookingList") class BookingListAction implements Serializable { @In EntityManager em @In User user @DataModel List<Booking> bookings @DataModelSelection Booking booking @Logger Log log @Factory public void getBookings() { bookings = em. user.2. For the same reason. the hotel class can be accessed from Java as hotel.${zip})" } } Groovy natively support the notion of properties (getter/setter).1 Beta1 does not (yet) support generics. The Seam Application Framework yet.username = :username order by b.getResultList() } public void cancel() { log.user.remove( cancelled ) JBoss Seam 2.id) if (cancelled != null) em. Some temporary gotchas: Groovy 1.info("Cancel booking: #{bookingList. you won't be able to benefit from the very useful Chapter 11.find(Booking. max=40) @NotNull String country @Column(precision=6. Seam component Writing Seam components in Groovy is in no way different than in Java: annotations are used to mark the class as a Seam component.checkinDate''') .${city}.setParameter("username". booking.getCity().Groovy integration @Length(max=40) @NotNull String city @Length(min=2. This type of syntactic sugar makes the entity code very concise.username) .username}") Booking cancelled = em. It is necessary to use the targetEntity attribute of the appropriate @*ToMany annotation instead of simply using a generic type definition like Collection<Entity>. @Scope(ScopeType.
Native . Deploying Groovy code A Groovy class is a Java class.3.groovy files (ie without compilation) in incremental hotdeployment mode (development only). Once compiles. no need to write nor comply with a 3-letter composite specification to support a multi-language component framework). a Groovy class is in no way different than a Java class and the application server will treat them equally.groovy file deployment at development time JBoss Seam natively supports the deployment of . To set up . to redeploy JavaBeans Seam component classes without having to restart the application. a Groovy Session bean or a Groovy Seam component.3. Unsurprisingly. when writing an action.groovy file deployment suffers the same limitations as the regular Seam hotdeployment: • • • • The components must be JavaBeans or GroovyBeans. a Groovy entity.0.3.groovy files in src/model. at development time. 10. seam-gen Seam gen has a transparent integration with Groovy. Beyond standard deployments.groovy deployments. simply place your . } } 10. "Seam and incremental hot deployment" and deploy your Groovy code (. A common approach is to use the groovyc ant task. Note that this allow a seamless mix of Groovy and Java code. They cannot be EJB3 bean Entities cannot be hotdeployed The hot-deployable components will not be visible to any classes deployed outside of WEB-INF/dev Seam debug mode must be enabled 10. To deploy.booking.0. with a bytecode representation just like a Java class. Deployment Deploying Groovy classes is very much like deploying Java classes (surprisingly.groovy files are deployed. 10.2.groovy files in src/action. a compilation step is necessary.add("Booking cancelled for confirmation number #{bookingList.3. follow the configuration at Section 2. seam-gen JBoss Seam 2. When writing a Groovy entity.2.instance().Groovy integration getBookings() FacesMessages. This enables a very fast edit/test cycle.1.CR2 127 . JBoss Seam has the ability. 10.3.groovy files) into the WEB-INF/dev directory. The GroovyBean components will be picked up incrementally with no need to restart the application (and obviously not the application server either). simply place your . The same support is provided for GroovyBeans Seam components when the . You can write Groovy code in seam-gen backed projects without any additional infrastructure requirement. Be aware that the native .2.7. saving a lot of time in the development / test cycle.
This includes the native . Java and Groovy classes in src/action will automatically be candidate for the incremental hot deployment.Groovy integration Seam-gen transparently supports Groovy files deployment and compilation.0.CR2 128 . JBoss Seam 2.groovy file deployment in development mode (compilation-less). the Groovy files will simply be compiled before deployment. If you create a seam-gen project of type WAR. If you are in production mode.0. You will find a live example of the Booking demo written completely in Groovy and supporting incremental hot deployment in examples/groovybooking.
the Seam Application Framework provides just four built-in components: EntityHome and HibernateEntityHome for CRUD. just like we have done with other kinds of built-in Seam components. The Home and Query components are written so that they can function with a scope of session.0. @In EntityManager personDatabase. The Seam Application Framework only works with Seam-managed persistence contexts.) At this time. 11.personId}</framework:id> </framework:entity-home> If that looks a bit too much like "programming in XML" for your taste. along with EntityQuery and HibernateEntityQuery for queries. } } The second approach has one huge advantage: you can easily add extra functionality. which don't need to extend any special interfaces or superclasses. (They do not have to be. The Seam Application Framework can reduce the amount of code you need to write when doing basic database access in a web application. But we can simplify some common programming tasks even further.xml installs a component which can perform basic CRUD operations for a Person entity: <framework:entity-home name="personHome" entity-class="eg. you can use extension instead: @Stateful @Name("personHome") public class PersonHome extends EntityHome<Person> implements LocalPersonHome { @RequestParameter String personId. Which scope you use depends upon the state model you wish to use in your application. The Seam Application Framework Seam makes it really easy to create applications by writing plain Java classes with annotations. by providing a set of pre-built components which can be re-used either by configuration in components.xml. the following fragment from components. Introduction The components provided by the Seam application framework may be used in one of two different approaches.0. By default.1.CR2 129 . The "magic" is in Seam itself—the same magic you use when creating any Seam application even without using this framework. } public EntityManager getEntityManager() { return personDatabase. For example. if you like.xml (for very simple cases) or extension. We should emphasize that the framework is extremely simple. public Object getId() { return personId. The first way is to install and configure an instance of the component in components. event or conversation. they can be plain JavaBean components if you prefer. using either Hibernate or JPA. A second advantage is that your classes may be EJB stateful sessin beans. just a handful of simple classes that are easy to understand and extend. JBoss Seam 2. the components will look for a persistence context named entityManager. and override the built-in functionality (the framework classes were carefully designed for extension and customization).Person" entity-manager="#{personDatabase}"> <framework:id>#{param.Chapter 11.
private Country nationality.lastName}"/></div> <div> <h:commandButton value="Create Person" action="#{personHome. so let's make that possible by adding a line to components.persist}"/> </div> </h:form> Usually.instance.Person" /> Or via extension: @Name("personHome") public class PersonHome extends EntityHome<Person> {} A Home object provides the following operations: persist(). private String firstName. //getters and setters. } } (If we are using extension..) Or by adding a @Factory method to PersonHome: @Name("personHome") public class PersonHome extends EntityHome<Person> { @Factory("person") public Person initPerson() { return getInstance(). Home objects A Home object provides persistence operations for a particular entity class. using the setId() method.xml: <factory name="person" value="#{personHome.) This change simplifies our JSF page to the following: JBoss Seam 2.instance}"/> <framework:entity-home name="personHome" entity-class="eg.The Seam Application Framework 11. private String lastName. it is much nicer to be able to refer to the Person merely as person. remove(). or update() operations.2. Suppose we have our trusty Person class: @Entity public class Person { @Id private Long id.CR2 130 . Before you can call the remove(). you must first set the identifier of the object you are interested in.firstName}"/></div> <div>Last name: <h:inputText value="#{personHome.Person" /> (If we are using configuration.0. We can use a Home directly from a JSF page.instance. update() and getInstance(). } We can define a personHome component either via configuration: <framework:entity-home name="personHome" entity-class="eg.. for example: <h1>Create Person</h1> <h:form> <div>First name: <h:inputText value="#{personHome.0.
Person" new-instance="#{newPerson}"/> <component name="newPerson" class="eg. <h:commandButton value="Update Person" action="#{personHome.remove}" rendered="#{personHome. Suppose we need to create Person entries with their nationality initialized. we need to be able to pass the entry identifier to the PersonHome.instance}"/> <framework:entity-home name="personHome" entity-class="eg.managed}" value="Create Person"/> <h:outputText rendered="#{personHome.Person"> <property name="nationality">#{country}</property> </component> Or by extension: @Name("personHome") public class PersonHome extends EntityHome<Person> { @In Country country. if we want to be able to display.managed}" value="Edit Person"/> </h1> <h:form> <div>First name: <h:inputText value="#{person.persist}"/> </div> </h:form> Well.id}"/> </page> </pages> Now we can add the extra operations to our JSF page: <h1> <h:outputText rendered="#{!personHome. via configuration: <factory name="person" value="#{personHome.0.lastName}"/></div> <div> <h:commandButton value="Create Person" action="#{personHome.firstName}"/></div> <div>Last name: <h:inputText value="#{person. Page parameters are a great way to do that: <pages> <page view-id="/editPerson.ma </div> </h:form> When we link to the page with no request parameters.lastName}"/></div> <div> <h:commandButton value="Create Person" action="#{personHome.ma <h:commandButton value="Delete Person" action="#{personHome. @Factory("person") public Person initPerson() { return getInstance(). update and delete pre-existing Person entries in the database.update}" rendered="#{personHome.0.The Seam Application Framework <h1>Create Person</h1> <h:form> <div>First name: <h:inputText value="#{person. } protected Person createInstance() { JBoss Seam 2. the page will be displayed as a "Create Person" page.CR2 131 .jsp"> <param name="personId" value="#{personHome.firstName}"/></div> <div>Last name: <h:inputText value="#{person. that lets us create new Person entries. it will be an "Edit Person" page. Yes. When we provide a value for the personId request parameter. We can do that easily. that is all the code that is required! Now.persist}" rendered="#{!personHome.
setCountry(country).lastName} created</framework:cr <framework:deleted-message>Person #{person. update() or remove() succeeds).0.lastName} updated</framework:update </framework:entity-home> <component name="newPerson" class="eg. update(). To customize these messages we can. @Factory("person") public Person initPerson() { return getInstance(). @Factory("person") public Person initPerson() { return getInstance(). } } The Home object raises an org. etc). The Home object automatically displays faces messages when an operation is successful. the Country could be an object managed by another Home object. CountryHome. use configuration: <factory name="person" value="#{personHome.0. @Name("personHome") public class PersonHome extends EntityHome<Person> { @In Country country. } protected Person createInstance() { return new Person(country).<name> event (where <name> is the name of the entity).afterTransactionSuccess event when a transaction succeeds (a call to persist(). again.Person" new-instance="#{newPerson}"> <framework:created-message>New person #{person.instance}"/> <framework:entity-home name="personHome" entity-class="eg. we can just add methods to PersonHome.jboss.firstName} #{person.Person"> <property name="nationality">#{country}</property> </component> Or extension: @Name("personHome") public class PersonHome extends EntityHome<Person> { @In Country country.lastName} deleted</framework:delete <framework:updated-message>Person #{person. } protected Person createInstance() { JBoss Seam 2. If we only want to refresh certain queries when a particular entity is persited. To add more sophisticated operations (association management.firstName} #{person.seam. } public void migrate() { getInstance().seam. updated or removed we can observe the org.CR2 132 .firstName} #{person. for example.The Seam Application Framework return new Person(country). By observing this event we can refresh our queries when the underlying entities are changed.jboss.afterTransactionSuccess. } } Of course.
resultList}" var="person"> <h:column> <s:link view="/editPerson. } protected String getCreatedMessage() { return "New person #{person.firstName} #{person.lastName} delet } But the best way to specify the messages is to put them in a resource bundle known to Seam (the bundle named messages. 11.firstName} #{person.id}"/> </s:link> </h:column> </h:dataTable> We probably need to support pagination: <framework:entity-query name="people" ejbql="select p from Person p" order="lastName" max-results="20"/> We'll use a page parameter to determine the page to display: <pages> <page view-id="/searchPerson.lastName}"> <f:param name="personId" value="#{person.firstName} #{person. Query objects If we need a list of all Person instance in the database.lastName} created Person_deleted=Person #{person. Person_created=New person #{person.lastName}"> JBoss Seam 2.firstName} #{person.CR2 133 .lastName} updat protected String getDeletedMessage() { return "Person #{person.0.firstName} #{person.firstResult}"/> </page> </pages> The JSF code for a pagination control is a bit verbose.firstName} #{person.The Seam Application Framework return new Person(country).jsp" value="#{person.3.lastName} c protected String getUpdatedMessage() { return "Person #{person. and keeps your code and configuration clean of presentation concerns. The final step is to add validation functionality to the page.0.firstName} #{person. we can use a Query object.lastName} deleted Person_updated=Person #{person. using <s:validateAll> and <s:decorate>. by default).jsp"> <param name="firstResult" value="#{people.lastName} updated This enables internationalization.jsp" value="#{person. but I'll leave that for you to figure out.resultList}" var="person"> <h:column> <s:link view="/editPerson. For example: <framework:entity-query name="people" ejbql="select p from Person p"/> We can use it from a JSF page: <h1>List of people</h1> <h:dataTable value="#{people.firstName} #{person. but manageable: <h1>Search for people</h1> <h:dataTable value="#{people.
The Seam Application Framework <f:param name="personId" value="#{person.jboss.id}"/> </s:link> </h:column> </h:dataTable> <s:link view="/search.afterTransactionSuccess event: <event type="org.lastName}"/></div> <div><h:commandButton value="Search" action="/search.firstName} #{person.previousFirstResult}"/> </s:link> <s:link view="/search.seam.xhtml" rendered="#{people.jsp"/></div> </h:form> <h:dataTable value="#{people.xhtml" rendered="#{people.lastFirstResult}"/> </s:link> Real search screens let the user enter a bunch of optional search criteria to narrow the list of results returned.xhtml" rendered="#{people.id}"/> </s:link> </h:column> </h:dataTable> To the underlying org.nextFirstResult}"/> </s:link> <s:link view="/search.afterTransactionSuccess"> <action execute="#{people.0.refresh}" /> </event> refresh the query when entities change we observe the Or. <h1>Search for people</h1> <h:form> <div>First name: <h:inputText value="#{examplePerson.previousExists}" value="First Page"> <f:param name="firstResult" value="0"/> </s:link> <s:link view="/search.nextExists}" value="Last Page"> <f:param name="firstResult" value="#{people.lastName}"> <f:param name="personId" value="#{person.resultList}" var="person"> <h:column> <s:link view="/editPerson. to just refresh the query when the person entity is persisted.refresh}" /> </event> JBoss Seam 2.firstName}. updated or removed through PersonHome: <event type="org.jsp" value="#{person.afterTransactionSuccess.'%') )</value> </framework:restrictions> </framework:entity-query> Notice the use of an "example" object.Person"> <action execute="#{people.jboss.CR2 134 .0.seam.jboss.seam.'%') )</value> <value>lower(lastName) like lower( concat(#{examplePerson. The Query object lets you specify optional "restrictions" to support this important usecase: <component name="examplePerson" class="Person"/> <framework:entity-query name="people" ejbql="select p from Person p" order="lastName" max-results="20"> <framework:restrictions> <value>lower(firstName) like lower( concat(#{examplePerson.lastName}.xhtml" rendered="#{people.nextExists}" value="Next Page"> <f:param name="firstResult" value="#{people.firstName}"/></div> <div>Last name: <h:inputText value="#{examplePerson.previousExists}" value="Previous Page"> <f:param name="firstResult" value="#{people.
0.username} already exists"). return null. These classes provide nothing more than some convenience methods for access to commonly used built-in components and methods of builtin components. user. } else { addFacesMessage("User #{user.4.. its not an earthshattering improvement. here is what RegisterAction from the Seam registration example would look like: @Stateless @Name("register") public class RegisterAction extends EntityController implements Register { @In private User user.username=:username") .getResultList(). reuse by extension is equally possible for Query objects. info("Registered new user #{user. 11.0.setParameter("username". } } } As you can see. Controller objects A totally optional part of the Seam Application Framework is the class Controller and its subclasses EntityController HibernateEntityController and BusinessProcessController.size()==0 ) { persist(user).username from User u where u. public String register() { List existing = createQuery("select u. For example.CR2 135 . JBoss Seam 2. return "/registered. if ( existing.jspx".getUsername()) . However.The Seam Application Framework The examples in this section have all shown reuse by configuration.. They help save a few keystrokes (characters can add up!) and provide a great launchpad for new users to explore the rich functionality built in to Seam.username}").
(Each WorkingMemory accumulates facts relating to the current conversation.WorkingMemory available to each conversation.1.drools.0.drools. For testing purposes.xml: <drools:rule-base name="policyPricingRules"> <drools:rule-files> <value>policyPricingRules</value> </drools:rule-files> </drools:rule-base> This component compiles rules from a set of . rules need to be dynamically deployable.Chapter 12.drl files and caches an instance of org. The RulesAgent-managed RuleBase is also configurable in components.JBRMS/package/org.acme. bypassing the configuration file. we need to make an instance of org. You can install this component via components. If you want to use a Drools DSL.acme.xml: <drools:rule-agent name="insuranceRules" configurationFile="/WEB-INF/deployedrules.brms. Seam provides a built-in component that compiles a static set of rules from the classpath.0. The RuleAgent can connect to a Drools rule server (BRMS) or hot deploy rules packages from a local file repository.) JBoss Seam 2.JBRMS/package/org.RuleBase available in a Seam context variable.insurance/fmeyer localCacheDir=/Users/fernandomeyer/projects/jbossrules/drools-examples/drools-examples-brms/cache poll=30 name=insuranceconfig It is also possible to configure the options on the component directly.dsl"> <drools:rule-files> <value>policyPricingRules</value> </drools:rule-files> </drools:rule-base> In most rules-driven applications. Seam and JBoss Rules Seam makes it easy to call JBoss Rules (Drools) rulebases from Seam components or jBPM process definitions. Installing rules The first step is to make an instance of org. so a production application will want to use a Drools RuleAgent to manage the RuleBase. 12.CR2 136 . Here is an example configuration file from the Drools example distribution. Note that it is quite likely that you will need to install multiple rule bases in a ruledriven application.brms.RuleBase in the Seam APPLICATION context.drools. newInstance=true url=http://localhost:8080/drools-jbrms/org. you alse need to specify the DSL definition: <drools:rule-base name="policyPricingRules" dsl-file="policyPricing.drools.properties" /> The properties file contains properties specific to the RulesAgent.insu local-cache-dir="/Users/fernandomeyer/projects/jbossrules/drools-examples/drools-ex poll="30" configuration-name="insuranceconfig" /> Next. <drools:rule-agent name="insuranceRules" url="http://localhost:8080/drools-jbrms/org.drools.
0.0. Using rules from a jBPM process definition You can even allow a rule base to act as a jBPM action handler. public void pricePolicy() throws FactException { policyPricingWorkingMemory.seam.drools. @In Customer customer.Seam and JBoss Rules <drools:managed-working-memory name="policyPricingWorkingMemory" auto-create="true" rule-base="#{polic Notice that we gave the policyPricingWorkingMemory a reference back to our rule base via the ruleBase configuration property. 12. } 12.assertObject(customer). and fire rules: @In WorkingMemory policyPricingWorkingMemory.seam.seam. @In Policy policy. Using rules from a Seam component We can now inject our WorkingMemory into any Seam component.drools. There is also support for using Drools for jBPM task assignments: <task-node name="review"> <task name="review" description="Review Order"> <assignment handler="org. policyPricingWorkingMemory.fireAllRules(). decision handler.DroolsActionHandler"> <workingMemoryName>shippingRulesWorkingMemory</workingMemoryName> <assertObjects> <element>#{customer}</element> <element>#{order}</element> <element>#{order.2.lineItems}</element> </assertObjects> </action> </transition> <transition name="rejected" to="cancelled"/> </decision> The <assertObjects> element specifies EL expressions that return an object or collection of objects to be asserted as facts into the WorkingMemory. <decision name="approval"> <handler class="org.DroolsDecisionHandler"> <workingMemoryName>orderApprovalRulesWorkingMemory</workingMemoryName> <assertObjects> <element>#{customer}</element> <element>#{order}</element> <element>#{order.jboss.DroolsAssignmentHandler"> JBoss Seam 2.3. policyPricingWorkingMemory.drools.jboss.jboss.lineItems}</element> </assertObjects> </handler> <transition name="approved" to="ship"> <action class="org.CR2 137 . or assignment handler—in either a pageflow or business process definition.assertObject(policy). assert facts.
taskmgmt.0. as decision.setOutcome("result") to determine the result of the decision. end package org.seam.lineItems}</element> </assertObjects> </assignment> </task> <transition name="rejected" to="cancelled"/> <transition name="approved" to="approved"/> </task-node> Certain objects are available to the rules as Drools globals.jbpm.jboss.examples.shop import org.setOutcome("approved"). as assignable and a Seam Decision object.setPooledActors( new String[] {"reviewers"} ).Decision global Decision decision rule "Approve Order For Loyal Customer" when Customer( loyaltyStatus == "GOLD" ) Order( totalAmount <= 10000 ) then decision. end JBoss Seam 2.jboss.CR2 138 .seam. package org.exe.shop import org.drools.jboss.examples. Rules which handle decisions should call decision.0.Seam and JBoss Rules <workingMemoryName>orderApprovalRulesWorkingMemory</workingMemoryName> <assertObjects> <element>#{actor}</element> <element>#{customer}</element> <element>#{order}</element> <element>#{order. namely the jBPM Assignable.seam. Rules which perform assignments should set the actor id using the Assignable.Assignable global Assignable assignable rule "Assign Review For Small Order" when Order( totalAmount <= 100 ) then assignable.
and a smaller memory footprint.jar mvel14-1. plus it offers rule-based security checks using JBoss Rules.jar drools-core-4.0. the following jar files are required to be configured as modules in application. for example if you only wish to restrict certain pages and actions to users who are logged in.7.setSecurityEnabled(false) to disable security checks. then the simplified mode will probably be sufficient. 13.this mode supports authentication services and simple role-based security checks.jar must also be included in the application's war file. Doing this prevents any security checks being performed for the following: JBoss Seam 2. your application requires security checks based on contextual state or complex business rules. these are not required: • • • • • drools-compiler-4. If you are using Seam Security in simplified mode.0. advanced mode .jar antlr-runtime-3.this mode supports all the same features as the simplified mode.3. Which mode is right for my application? That all depends on the requirements of your application.MR2. The advantages of this is a more simplified configuration.jar janino-2.MR2.Chapter 13. Overview Seam Security provides two different modes of operation: • • simplified mode . significantly less libraries to include. Disabling Security In some situations it may be necessary to disable Seam Security. for example during unit tests. or who belong to a certain role. This can be done by calling the static method Identity. Security The Seam Security API is an optional Seam feature that provides authentication and authorization features for securing both domain and page resources within your Seam project.0.jar For web-based security.5.2. jboss-seam-ui.0.2beta16.1.CR2 139 . 13.1.1. 13.0.0. Requirements If using the advanced mode features of Seam Security. If on the other hand.xml. then you will require the features provided by the advanced mode. 13.0. If you have minimal security requirements.
com/products/seam/components http://jboss.CR2 140 .org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://jboss. Writing an authentication method The authenticate-method property specified for identity in components. and is expected to return a boolean indicating whether authentication is successful or not. This login module is already configured inside Seam as part of a default application policy and as such does not require any additional configuration files.com/products/seam/security http://jboss.xml specifies which method will be used by SeamLoginModule to authenticate users.4. Here's a complete example of an authentication method inside a JavaBean component: @Name("authenticator") public class Authenticator { @In EntityManager entityManager. Any roles that the user is a member of should be assigned using Identity.w3.authenticate}"/> </components> If you wish to use the advanced security features such as rule-based permission checks.com/products/seam/components-2 http://jboss.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:core="http://jboss. SeamLoginModule.Security • • • • Entity Security Hibernate Security Interceptor Seam Security Interceptor Page restrictions 13.instance(). respectively. This method takes no parameters.getPassword(). 13. However.com/products/seam/security-2.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:security="http://jboss. Configuration The simplified authentication method uses a built-in JAAS login module.0.4.xml: <components xmlns="http://jboss. and add some additional configuration. 13. described later. which delegates authentication to one of your own Seam components. and as such provide a robust and highly configurable API for handling user authentication. The EL expression #{authenticator. for less complex authentication requirements Seam offers a much more simplified method of authentication that hides the complexity of JAAS.0.4.0.authenticate} is a method binding indicating that the authenticate method of the authenticator component will be used to authenticate the user. JBoss Seam 2.instance().1. Configuring this simplified form of authentication requires the identity component to be configured in components. all you need to do is include the Drools (JBoss Rules) jars in your classpath. It allows you to write an authentication method using the entity classes that are provided by your own application.x <security:identity authenticate-method="#{authenticator.getUsername() and Identity. Authentication The authentication features provided by Seam Security are built upon JAAS (Java Authentication and Authorization Service).com/products/seam/security" xmlns:xsi="http://www. The user's username and password can be obtained from Identity.addRole().2.instance().
getRoles() != null) { for (UserRole mr : user.instance().0.getSingleResult(). the pre-authenticated roles then become "real" roles.setParameter("password".getName()).instance().0.CR2 141 . Identity.getUsername()) . e.instance().addRole() method behaves differently depending on whether the current session is authenticated or not.Security public boolean authenticate() { try { User user = (User) entityManager. Identity. JBoss Seam 2. Once authentication is successful. which should be added to the Set as literal string values.setParameter("username". if (user. "admin".instance(). the role name is placed into a temporary list of pre-authenticated roles.add("Invalid username/password"). The following sequence diagram represents the list of preauthenticated roles as a first class object to show more clearly how it fits in to the authentication process. both User and UserRole are application-specific entity beans.g. and calling Identity. When called here.createQuery( "from User where username = :username and password = :password") . The roles parameter is populated with the roles that the user is a member of. "user". if the user record is not found and a NoResultException thrown. } return true.getPassword()) . } } } In the above example. If the session is not authenticated. then addRole() should only be called during the authentication process. return false. the authentication method returns false to indicate the authentication failed.getRoles()) Identity. Identity.addRole(mr. } catch (NoResultException ex) { FacesMessages.hasRole() for those roles will then return true.addRole() The Identity. In this case.
These properties can be bound directly to the username and password fields on a login form.3.login}"/> </div> Similarly.xml.password}"/> </div> <div> <h:commandButton value="Login" action="#{identity.0. Once these properties are set. catering for the most common authentication scenario. Here's an example of a simple login form: <div> <h:outputLabel for="name" value="Username"/> <h:inputText id="name" value="#{identity.Summary So to sum up.4.username}"/> </div> <div> <h:outputLabel for="password" value="Password"/> <h:inputSecret id="password" value="#{identity. 13. calling the identity. Calling this action will clear the security state of the currently authenticated user. Simplified Configuration .4.login() method will authenticate the user using the provided credentials. logging out the user is done by calling #{identity.4. Writing a login form The Identity component provides both username and password properties.logout}. JBoss Seam 2.CR2 142 . there are the three easy steps to configure authentication: • Configure an authentication method in components.0.Security 13.
13.xhtml"> <message>You do not have the necessary security privileges to perform this action..6.This exception is thrown if the user attempts to access a restricted action or page when they are not logged in.xml is configured to redirect security errors to a more "pretty" page. it's recommended that pages. Write a login form so that the user can authenticate. AuthorizationException In the case of a NotLoggedInException. <exception class="org. Login Redirection You can ask Seam to redirect the user to a login screen when an unauthenticated user tries to access a particular view (or wildcarded view id) as follows: <pages login-view-id="/login.xhtml"> <page view-id="/members/*" login-required="true"/> . Here's an example of a pages.) JBoss Seam 2. The two main types of exceptions thrown by the security API are: • .4. NotLoggedInException • .jboss. </pages> (This is less of a blunt instrument than the exception handler shown above.4.5. it is recommended that the user is redirected to either a login or registration page so that they can log in.AuthorizationException"> <end-conversation/> <redirect view-id="/security_error.xml file that redirects both of these security exceptions: <pages> .This exception is only thrown if the user is already logged in.0..jboss.0.seam.CR2 143 .NotLoggedInException"> <redirect view-id="/login. but should probably be used in conjunction with it..seam.xhtml"> <message>You must be logged in to perform this action</message> </redirect> </exception> <exception class="org.</messag </redirect> </exception> </pages> Most web applications require even more sophisticated handling of login redirection. so Seam includes some special functionality for handling this problem. 13. and they have attempted to access a restricted action or page for which they do not have the necessary privileges.security.Security • • Write an authentication method.security. it may be useful to redirect the user to an error page. Handling Security Exceptions To prevent users from receiving the default error page in response to a security error. For an AuthorizationException..
setParameter("username". set auth-type to basic.seam" auth-type="basic"/> To enable the filter for basic authentication. } catch (NoResultException ex) { return false. and use the validatePassword() method to validate the user's plain text password against the digest request.xml. with any page parameters that existed in the original request. return validatePassword(user. } } JBoss Seam 2. Writing a Digest Authenticator If authenticator class should extend the abstract class org.createQuery( "from User where username = :username") . the authentication-filter component must be enabled in components. your public boolean authenticate() { try { User user = (User) entityManager. 13.seam. set it to digest. or for digest authentication.seam.seam" auth-type="digest" key="AA3JK34aSDlkj" realm="My App The key can be any String value.getUsername()) .jboss.returnToCapturedView}"/> </event> Note that login redirection is implemented as a conversation-scoped mechanism. If you add the following event listeners to components.postAuthenticate"> <action execute="#{redirect. the key and realm must also be set: <web:authentication-filter url-pattern="*. Seam provides means for authenticating using either HTTP Basic or HTTP Digest (RFC 2617) methods.digest. we want to automatically send them back where they came from.0.jboss.getSingleResult().seam. so they can retry the action that required logging in.getPassword()).jboss. To use either form of authentication.CR2 144 . attempts to access a restricted view while not logged in will be remembered.4. If using digest authentication.DigestAuthenticator.security.captureCurrentView}"/> </event> <event type="org. The realm is the name of the authentication realm that is presented to the user when they authenticate.xml: <web:authentication-filter url-pattern="*.7. <event type="org.notLoggedIn"> <action execute="#{redirect.0. Here is an example: using digest authentication. so that upon the user successfully logging in they will be redirected to the originally requested view.Security After the user logs in. so don't end the conversation in your authenticate() method. HTTP Authentication Although not recommended for use unless absolutely necessary. identity.
An important thing to note is that if you wish to use any of the advanced features (such as rule-based permissions) then your components. Using your container's JAAS configuration If you would rather not use the simplified JAAS configuration provided by the Seam Security API.seam.authenticate}" jaas-config-name="other"/> 13.1. Core concepts Each of the authorization mechanisms provided by the Seam Security API are built upon the concept of a user being granted roles and/or permissions.seam.5.6.xml.loginF ailed This message is produced when the login process fails.jboss.xml must be configured to support this . and the user is not currently authenticated.0. either because the user provided an incorrect username or password.1.seam. This section describes each of these. or type.Security 13. org.NotLog gedIn 13.jboss. component methods. A permission on the other hand is JBoss Seam 2. This message is produced when a user attempts to perform an action or access a page that requires a security check. For example. you may instead delegate to the default system JAAS configuration by providing a jaasConfigName property in components. Advanced Authentication Features This section explores some of the advanced features provided by the security API for addressing more complex security requirements.CR2 145 . 13.4. then the entry in components. Authorization There are a number of authorization features provided by the Seam Security API for securing access to components. org.xml would look like this: <security:identity authenticate-method="#{authenticator.8. Error Messages The security API produces a number of default faces messages for various security-related events. or because authentication failed in some other way.properties resource file. A role is a group.jboss. Security Message Keys This message is produced when a user successfully logs in via the security API. and pages. The following table lists the message keys that can be used to override these messages by specifying them in a message. of user that may have been granted certain privileges for performing one or more specific actions within an application.6. if you are using JBoss AS and wish to use the other policy (which uses the UsersRolesLoginModule login module provided by JBoss AS). Table 13.0.see the Configuration section above.loginS uccessful org.
the value of the @Restrict annotation may reference any objects that exist within a JBoss Seam 2. } @Restrict("#{s:hasRole('admin')}") public void delete() { . If both a method and it's declaring class are annotated with @Restrict. etc. starting with the @Restrict annotation. Permissions consist of both a name and an action. the method restriction will take precedence (and the class restriction will not apply). however roles offer a higher level of convenience when granting privileges to groups of users. and are represented within this documentation in the form name:action. consisting of only a name such as "admin". Securing components Let's start by examining the simplest form of authorization. which delegate to the correspondingly named methods of the Identity class.null)}"). let's address the #{s:hasRole()} expression seen in the above example.'delete'. These functions can be used within any EL expression throughout the entirety of the security API. "user". using the @Restrict annotation.0. This means that any methods without an overriding @Restrict annotation require an implicit permission check. } } In this example. Both s:hasRole and s:hasPermission are EL functions.Security a privilege (sometimes once-off) for performing a single. If a method invocation fails a security check.CR2 146 .. "customer". The @Restrict annotation Seam components may be secured either at the method or the class level.6.2. for example customer:delete.. Being an EL expression. while the delete() method requires that the user is a member of the admin role.. specific action. component security. Roles are simple.. It is entirely possible to build an application using nothing but permissions.. Before we go any further. Take for example the following component method: @Name("account") public class AccountAction { @Restrict public void delete() { . In the case of this example.0. the implied permission required to call the delete() method is account:delete. or customer:insert. An empty @Restrict implies a permission check of componentName:methodName..checkRestriction() (see Inline Restrictions). Now let's look at another example: @Restrict @Name("account") public class AccountAction { public void insert() { . A @Restrict on just the component class itself is equivalent to adding @Restrict to each of its methods. 13. then an exception will be thrown as per the contract for Identity. the insert() method requires a permission of account:insert. The equivalent of this would be to write @Restrict("#{s:hasPermission('account'. the component class itself is annotated with @Restrict. } } This time.
'delete'. It is also possible to call the hasRole() and hasPermission() methods directly from Java code: if (!Identity. and passed to the hasPermission() method in Identity. simply use Identity.0. @Restrict("#{s:hasPermission('account'. using the very same EL expressions that are used for component security. In this situation.instance(). Inline restrictions Sometimes it might be desirable to perform a security check in code. which in this case can then determine if the user has the required permission for modifying the specified Account object.instance(). let's pretend that we have a login form that should only be rendered if the user is not already logged in. either • • if the user is not logged in. The value of this variable will be looked up from within the Seam context. like this: public void deleteCustomer() { Identity. Look at this example: @Name("account") public class AccountAction { @In Account selectedAccount. Using the identity. Now let's pretend there is a menu on the page that contains some actions which should only be accessible to users in the manager role.loggedIn}"> If the user isn't logged in. an AuthorizationException exception is thrown. } } The interesting thing to note from this example is the reference to selectedAccount seen within the hasPermission() function call. then the login form will be rendered . Here's one way that these could be written: JBoss Seam 2.Security Seam context. based upon the privileges of the user.'modify'. 13.very straight forward so far. } If the expression specified doesn't evaluate to true.hasRole("admin")) throw new AuthorizationException("Must be admin to perform this action"). a NotLoggedInException exception is thrown or if the user is logged in. This is extremely useful when performing permission checks for a specific object instance.instance(). First of all. we can write this: <h:form class="loginForm" rendered="#{not identity.isLoggedIn() property. without using the @Restrict annotation.6. Let's take a look at some examples of interface security. Security in the user interface One indication of a well designed user interface is that the user is not presented with options for which they don't have the necessary privileges to use. if (!Identity.selectedCustomer)}"). null)) throw new AuthorizationException("You may not create new customers").CR2 147 .checkRestriction() to evaluate a security expression.modify(). "create".0.3.checkRestriction("#{s:hasPermission('customer'.selectedAccount)}") public void modify() { selectedAccount. Seam Security allows conditional rendering of either 1) sections of a page or 2) individual controls.hasPermission("customer".
however is extremely simple to configure.Security <h:outputLink action="#{reports. an implied permission of /viewId.delete}" rendered="#{s:hasPermission('client'.4.'modify'. insert.cl)"/> <s:link value="Delete Client" action="#{clientAction.city} </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Action</f:facet> <s:link value="Modify Client" action="#{clientAction.listManagerReports}" rendered="#{s:hasRole('manager')}"> Manager Reports </h:outputLink> This is also quite straight forward. If the user is not a member of the manager role.name} </h:column> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">City</f:facet> #{cl.'delete'.xml file. <page view-id="/reports. Here's how a dataTable with secured links might look: <h:dataTable value="#{clients}" var="cl"> <h:column> <f:facet name="header">Name</f:facet> #{cl. the specified restriction will be evaluated as a standard security expression.CR2 148 .xhtml:render will be checked when the page is accessed via a non-faces (GET) request.xhtml:render required for non-faces requests and an implied permission of /settings. The rendered attribute can generally be used on the control itself. Otherwise. and a permission of /viewId. Here's a couple of examples: <page view-id="/settings.6. Now for something more complex. If no explicit restriction is specified by the restrict element. then the outputLink will not be rendered.modify}" rendered="#{s:hasPermission('client'.xhtml:restore for faces requests. 13.0. Securing Entities Seam security also makes it possible to apply security restrictions to read.xhtml"> <restrict>#{s:hasRole('admin')}</restrict> </page> Both faces and non-faces requests to this page require that the user is a member of the admin role.6. Securing pages Page security requires that the application is using a pages.5. Simply include a <restrict/> element within the page elements that you wish to secure.xhtml"> <restrict/> </page> This page has an implied permission of /settings.xhtml:restore will be required when any JSF postback (form submission) originates from the page. The s:hasPermission EL function allows us to pass in an object parameter which can be used to determine whether the user has the requested permission for that object or not. or on a surrounding <s:div> or <s:span> control. Let's say you have a h:dataTable control on a page listing records for which you may or may not wish to render action links depending on the user's privileges.cl)"/> </h:column> </h:dataTable> 13.0. update and delete actions for JBoss Seam 2.
Please note that the method is not required to do anything.Called before an entity is updated. Use this method to configure an inpermission. . } If no expression is specified in the @Restrict annotation..0.grant(). the only important thing in regard to security is how it is annotated: @PrePersist @Restrict public void prePersist() {} And here's an example of an entity permission rule that checks if the authenticated user is allowed to insert a new MemberBlog record (from the seamspace example).it binds the name property of the Principal to a variable called principalName. This rule will grant the permission memberBlog:insert if the currently authenticated user (indicated by the Principal fact) has the same name as the member for which the blog entry is being created.equals(principalName))) then check. action == "insert".0. Variable bindings allow the value to be referred to in other places.Called before a new instance of the entity is inserted. • • @PreUpdate @PreRemove Here's an example of how an entity would be configured to perform a security check for any insert operations. JBoss Seam 2. add a @Restrict annotation on the class itself: @Entity @Name("customer") @Restrict public class Customer { . To secure all actions for an entity class. . please refer to the JBoss Rules documentation. The entity for which the security check is being made is automatically asserted into the working memory (in this case MemberBlog): rule InsertMemberBlog no-loop activation-group "permissions" when check: PermissionCheck(name == "memberBlog". end. and the action is either read. the default security check that is performed is a permission check of entityName:action. granted == false) Principal(principalName : name) MemberBlog(member : member -> (member.Called before an entity is deleted. @PostLoad @PrePersist sert • . The "principalName : name" structure that can be seen in the Principal fact (and other places) is a variable binding .CR2 149 .. Use this method to configure an update permission.Called after an entity instance is loaded from the database.getUsername(). Use this method to configure a read permission. update or delete. where entityName is the Seam component name of the entity (or the fully-qualified class name if no @Name is specified).Security entities. insert. For more details. It is also possible to only restrict certain actions. such as the following line which compares the member's username to the Principal name. Use this method to configure a delete permission. by placing a @Restrict annotation on the relevent entity lifecycle method (annotated as follows): • .
0.com/xm version="1. Entity security with JPA Security checks for EJB3 entity beans are performed with an EntityListener. A couple of the advantages of using a rule engine are 1) a centralized location for the business logic that is behind each user permission.sun.CR2 150 . 13.JBoss Rules uses very efficient algorithms for evaluating large numbers of complex rules involving multiple conditions.seam.xml file: <?xml version="1.0. we need to install a listener class that integrates Seam security with your JPA provider.com/products/seam/drools-2.7.com/products/seam/components-2 http://jboss. This section completes the picture.2. 13.com/products/seam/components http://jboss.xml as follows: <components xmlns="http://jboss.xsd http://jboss. 13.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://jboss. and how to implement permission checks for a Seam application. you don't need to do anything special to use entity security.com/products/seam/core http://jboss.sun. Permissions Overview So how does the security API know whether a user has the customer:modify permission for a specific customer? Seam Security provides quite a novel method for determining user permissions.w3.com/products/seam/drools" xmlns:xsi="http://www. Configuring a rules file Seam Security expects to find a RuleBase component called securityRules which it uses to evaluate permission checks.1.com/products/seam/drools http://jboss.0. Writing Security Rules Up to this point there has been a lot of mention of permissions.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:security="http://jboss.com/products/seam/security" xmlns:drools="http://jboss.0.EntitySecurityListener"/> </entity-listeners> </persistence-unit-defaults> </persistence-unit-metadata> </entity-mappings> Entity security with Hibernate If you are using a Hibernate SessionFactory configured via Seam.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.com/products/seam/core-2. based on JBoss Rules.security.w3.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm" xmlns:xsi="http://www. You can install this listener by using the following META-INF/orm.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <entity-mappings xmlns="http://java.Security Finally. by explaining how permission checks are processed. but no information about how permissions are actually defined or granted.jboss. This is configured in components.7.7.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:core="http://jboss.xsd" JBoss Seam 2.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm http://java.sun. and 2) speed .0"> <persistence-unit-metadata> <persistence-unit-defaults> <entity-listeners> <entity-listener class="org.
The next thing we can notice is a couple of import statements for the PermissionCheck and Role classes. The package name can be anything you want . action == "delete") In plain english. rule CanUserDeleteCustomers when c: PermissionCheck(name == "customer".Role. In actual fact this file can be called anything you want. it's time to write the security rules.grant(). import org. a list of conditions which must be satisfied for the rule to fire. Each rule within a package should be given a unique name (usually describing the purpose of the rule). this condition is stating that there must exist a PermissionCheck object with a name property equal to "customer".x <drools:rule-base name="securityRules"> <drools:rule-files> <value>/META-INF/security.jboss.jboss. line. we see two conditions listed there.0.drl in the /META-INF directory of your application's jar file.e. A package in JBoss Rules is essentially a collection of rules. and exist in any location as long as it is configured appropriately in components.security.Security http://jboss.xml. import org. The RHS is represented by the then section. Looking at the body of the rule definition we can notice two distinct sections. What is the working memory? It is a session-scoped object that contains the contextual information that is required by the rules enJBoss Seam 2. 13. Finally we have the code for the rule.com/products/seam/security-2. action == "delete") Role(name == "admin") then c.PermissionCheck. Let's break this down. If we look at the LHS of the rule. end.0. Let's examine the first condition: c: PermissionCheck(name == "customer". In this case our rule is called CanUserDeleteCustomers and will be used to check whether a user is allowed to delete a customer record. The RHS is the consequence.seam.CR2 151 . So what should the security rules file contain? At this stage it might be a good idea to at least skim through the JBoss Rules documentation. These imports inform the rules engine that we'll be referencing these classes within our rules.0. or action section of the rule that will only be fired if all of the conditions in the LHS are met.com/products/seam/security http://jboss. and an action property equal to "delete" within the working memory.drl</value> </drools:rule-files> </drools:rule-base> </components> Once the RuleBase component is configured. The LHS consists of the conditional part of the rule. i. The end of the rule is denoted by the end. The LHS is represented by the when section. Creating a security rules file For this step you need to create a file called security. however to get started here's an extremely simple example: package MyApplicationPermissions.7. Rules have what is known as a left hand side (LHS) and a right hand side (RHS).3. The first thing we see is the package declaration.it doesn't relate to anything else outside the scope of the rule base.seam.security.
end. It is also possible to assert additional long-lived facts into the working memory by calling ((RuleBasedIdentity) RuleBasedIdentity. and in this case is invoking the grant() method of the c object. user roles are asserted into the working memory as long-lived facts.grant().instance()). by omitting the action constraint for the PermissionCheck in your rule.0. allowing the user to carry out whatever action the permission check was intended for. So what is the consequence of the rule firing? Let's take a look at the RHS of the rule: c. we can also notice that the first line of our LHS is prefixed with c:. a temporary PermissionCheck object. So what else is in the working memory? Besides the short-lived temporary facts asserted during a permission check. As mentioned. passing the object as a parameter. Moving onto the second line of our LHS.0. which means that the permission check was successful.seam. plus a org. null) then a PermissionCheck object with a name equal to "account" and action equal to "create" will be asserted into the working memory for the duration of the permission check. This is easily configured by JBoss Seam 2. or Fact.Security gine to make a decision about a permission check.Principal objects that are created as part of the authentication process.grant() The RHS consists of Java code.insert(). This PermissionCheck corresponds exactly to the permission that is being checked. "create".8. Wildcard permission checks It is possible to implement a wildcard permission check (which allows all actions for a given permission name).getSecurityContext(). Calling grant() on a PermissionCheck sets the granted property to true. like this: rule CanDoAnythingToCustomersIfYouAreAnAdmin when c: PermissionCheck(name == "customer") Role(name == "admin") then c. putting both conditions together. 13. so for example if you call hasPermission("account".Role object for each of the roles that the user is a member of. Besides the name and action properties of the PermissionCheck object. this rule is essentially saying "I will fire if you are checking for the customer:delete permission and the user is a member of the admin role". Getting back to our simple example. which as already mentioned is a variable binding for the PermissionCheck object. there is also a granted property which is initially set to false. is asserted into the working memory. SSL Security Seam includes basic support for serving sensitive pages via the HTTPS protocol. This is a variable binding. Each time the hasPermission() method is called. we see this: Role(name == "admin") This condition simply states that there must be a Role object with a name of "admin" within the working memory.CR2 152 .security. These include any java. there are some longer-lived objects in the working memory that stay there for the entire duration of a user being authenticated. So. and is used to refer back to the object that is matched by the condition.jboss. This rule allows users with the admin role to perform any action for any customer permission check.security.
posting to a public blog or forum) to implement a Captcha (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) to prevent automated bots from interacting with your application.xml: <page view-id="*" scheme="http"> Of course. then HTTPS would continue to be used after the user navigated away to other non-HTTPS pages. Seam provides seamless integration with JCaptcha.seam.xhtml is configured to use it: <s:link view="/login.9. You may configure Seam to automatically invalidate the current HTTP session each time the scheme changes. This is useful if you wish to use HTTPS for a only few pages.jboss. browsing to a page that has scheme="https" using HTTP will cause a redirect to the same page using HTTPS.xml: <servlet> <servlet-name>Seam Resource Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org. This requires the following entry in web. add this line to pages. If you wish to use the captcha feature in your application you need to include the jcaptcha-* jar file from the Seam lib directory in your project.0.xhtml" scheme="https"> This configuration is automatically extended to both s:link and s:button JSF controls. Just add this line to components.SeamResourceServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> JBoss Seam 2.0. and register it in application. The following example shows how the view /login.xhtml is configured to use HTTPS: <page view-id="/login.CR2 153 . it is not so great for performance!). which (when specifying the view) will also render the link using the correct protocol.servlet. Based on the previous example. Implementing a Captcha Test Though strictly not part of the security API. it might be useful in certain circumstances (such as new user registrations.1. To define HTTP as the default scheme. (While this is good for security. the following link will use the HTTPS protocol because /login. Configuring the Captcha Servlet To get up and running.Security specifying a scheme for the page in pages.xml as a java module.xml.xml: <core:servlet-session invalidate-on-scheme-change="true"/> This option helps make your system less vulnerable to sniffing of the session id or leakage of sensitive data from pages using HTTPS to other pages using HTTP. 13. if none of the pages in your application use HTTPS then it is not required to specify a default scheme. 13.9. it is necessary to configure the Seam Resource Servlet. an excellent library for generating Captcha challenges. So once the user accessed a page that required HTTPS. For example. which will provide the Captcha challenge images to your pages.xhtml" value="Login"/> Browsing directly to a view when using the incorrect protocol will cause a redirect to the same view using the correct protocol. If no default scheme is specified then the normal behavior is to continue use the current scheme. It is also possible to configure a default scheme for all pages.
new Integer(30)). To configure a different ImageCaptchaService.setFactories(factories).9. GimpyFactory factory = new GimpyFactory( new RandomWordGenerator("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789"). Here is an example of a custom image generator (which can be found in the seamspace example): @Name("customCaptcha") public class CustomCaptcha { public ImageCaptchaService getService() { BasicGimpyEngine customCaptcha = new BasicGimpyEngine(). 120000. which provides everything that is required.Security <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Seam Resource Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/seam/resource/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> 13. customCaptcha. including built-in captcha validation. add the following entry to components. JBoss Seam 2. return new DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService( new FastHashMapCaptchaStore(). new UniColorBackgroundGenerator(new Integer(150). new Integer(7).xml: <component name="org. GimpyFactory[] factories = {factory}. new Integer(15)).BLACK))). and the inputText receives the user's response.seam.response}" required="true"> <s:validate /> </h:inputText> <div class="validationError"><h:message for="verifyCaptcha"/></div> </div> <div> <h:commandButton action="#{register. captcha.3.CR2 154 . new RandomTextPaster(new Integer(4).9.2. customCaptcha. 180.0. For more information on configuring an ImageCaptchaService please refer to the JCaptcha documentation. 13. Here's an example: <div> <h:graphicImage value="/seam/resource/captcha?#{captcha.jboss.service}"/> The service attribute specifies the ImageCaptchaService instance to use to generate captcha images.id}"/> </div> <div> <h:outputLabel for="verifyCaptcha">Enter the above letters</h:outputLabel> <h:inputText id="verifyCaptcha" value="#{captcha. Adding a Captcha to a page Adding a captcha challenge to a page is extremely easy. Customising the Captcha image The captcha image itself may be customised by providing an alternative ImageCaptchaService to the default (DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService). The graphicImage control displays the Captcha challenge.0.next}" value="Register"/> </div> That's all there is to it.captcha. new ComposedWordToImage(new RandomFontGenerator(new Integer(15). Color.captchaImage" service="#{customCaptcha. Seam provides a page-scoped component. The response is automatically validated against the Captcha when the form is submitted.
CR2 155 .Security 75000).0. } } JBoss Seam 2.0.
just use: <h:selectOneMenu value="#{localeSelector.Locale (available to the application as a component named locale).xml.1. Seam just delegates to JSF to determine the active locale: • If there is a locale associated with the HTTP request (the browser locale). and but we can't think of any good reason to ever do this.localeSelector. however. 14.international. Under normal circumstances.xml. and clicks the button. It is.Chapter 14. if a default locale was specified in the faces-config. org.localeSelector.0. if you want a list of all supported locales from faces-config. is possible to set the locale manually via the Seam configuration properties • • It org. Internationalization and themes Seam makes it easy to build internationalized applications by providing several built-in components for handling multi-language UI messages.international. useful to allow the user to set the locale manually via the application user interface.localeString}"> <f:selectItems value="#{localeSelector. you can take advantage of the Seam messages component to display templated labels with embedded EL expressions. use that locale for the rest of the session. Locales Each user login session has an associated instance of java.jboss. use the default locale of the server.localeSelector. Seam provides built-in functionality for overriding the locale determined by the algorithm above. use that locale for the rest of the session. Otherwise.international.CR2 156 .language}"> <f:selectItem itemLabel="English" itemValue="en"/> <f:selectItem itemLabel="Deutsch" itemValue="de"/> <f:selectItem itemLabel="Francais" itemValue="fr"/> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:commandButton action="#{localeSelector.jboss.select}" value="#{messages['ChangeLanguage']}"/> When this use selects an item from the drop-down.seam.variant.xml.seam.2.supportedLocales}"/> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:commandButton action="#{localeSelector.country org. JBoss Seam 2. All you have to do is add the following fragment to a form in your JSP or Facelets page: <h:selectOneMenu value="#{localeSelector.jboss. and that locale is in the list of supported locales from faces-config. the Seam and JSF locales will be overridden for the rest of the session.util.select}" value="#{messages['ChangeLanguage']}"/> Or. Otherwise.language. 14. Alternatively.0. Labels JSF supports internationalization of user interface labels and descriptive text via the use of <f:loadBundle />. you won't need to do any special configuration to set the locale. You can use this approach in Seam applications.seam.
the messages themselves may contain EL expressions: Hello=Hello.properties if we only needed to display the message on /welcome/hello. Instead. #{user.Internationalization and themes 14.properties: Hello=G'day You can select a different name for the resource bundle by setting the Seam configuration property named org. etc. /> on every page. with the leading / and trailing file extension removed.xml: <page view-id="/welcome/hello. messages_en. in messages_en.0.util.properties: Hello=Hello And in messages_en_AU.seam.jsp.seam. You can even specify an explicit bundle name in pages.jsp. 14. <core:resource-loader> <core:bundle-names> <value>mycompany_messages</value> <value>standard_messages</value> </core:bundle-names> </core:resource-loader> If you want to define a message just for a particular page.resourceBundle). You'll need to make your internationalized labels available via this special resource bundle. you'll be able to use them without having to type <f:loadBundle . you can simply type: <h:outputText value="#{messages['Hello']}"/> or: <h:outputText value="#{messages.2.2.bundleNames.properties on /welcome/hello.jsp" bundle="HelloMessages"/> Then we could use messages defined in HelloMessages.core. You can even specify a list of resource bundle names to be searched (depth first) for messages.firstName} #{user.properties.1.CR2 157 .Hello}"/> Even better.. you can specify it in a resource bundle with the same name as the JSF view id. java.core.0.jboss..properties.firstName} JBoss Seam 2. By default. #{user.2.resourceLoader.ResourceBundle provides a So.jboss. messages_en_AU.properties. These files usually belong in the WEB-INF/classes directory. Defining labels Seam (available to the application as a org. the resource bundle used by Seam is named messages and so you'll need to define your labels in files named messages. Displaying labels If you define your labels using the Seam resource bundle.lastName} Hello=G'day. So we could put our message in welcome/hello_en.
Internationalization and themes You can even use the messages in your code: @In private Map<String. Unfortunately.0. Seam overrides this behavior. This is an extremely inconvenient default behavior. the default theme is defined as a set of entries in default. the timezone is the default timezone of the server.2. For example. depending upon the user's locale. and some applications support both localization and themes.jboss. Timezones There session-scoped instance of java. In addition. String> messages.3. Themes are defined in a properties file with the same name as the theme. Seam provides the <s:convertDateTime> tag which always performs conversions in the Seam timezone. First. Gavin King or G'day. By default. } } This will display Hello.0. default. and defaults all dates and times to the Seam timezone. 14. For example. 14. unless a timezone is explicitly specified using <f:convertDateTime>. is also a 14.properties might define: JBoss Seam 2.4. Themes Seam applications are also very easily skinnable.timezone.seam. @In("#{messages['Hello']}") private String helloMessage.timezoneSelector.international.properties. the JSF specification says that all dates and times should be assumed to be UTC. The functionality we just described also works for faces messages: @Name("hello") @Stateless public class HelloBean implements Hello { @In FacesMessages facesMessages. Faces messages The facesMessages component is a super-convenient way to display success or failure messages to the user. and a Seam component for changing the timezone named org.Timezone.util. configure the set of supported themes: <theme:theme-selector cookie-enabled="true"> <theme:available-themes> <value>default</value> <value>accessible</value> <value>printable</value> </theme:available-themes> </theme:theme-selector> Note that the first theme listed is the default theme.jboss.international. public String sayIt() { facesMessages. Gavin. named org. The theme API is very similar to the localization API. and displayed as UTC.addFromResourceBundle("Hello").seam.3.CR2 158 . but of course these two concerns are orthogonal.
sun. For example. when the page definition resides in a subdirectory: <link href="#{facesContext. facelets lets us theme the template used by a <ui:composition>: <ui:composition xmlns="http://www.css template /template. Persisting locale and theme preferences via cookies The locale selector.template}"> Just like the locale selector.sun.externalContext. to theme the stylesheet in a facelets page: <link href="#{theme.css}" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> Most powerfully.com/jsf/core" template="#{theme. there is a built-in theme selector to allow the user to freely switch themes: <h:selectOneMenu value="#{themeSelector.css}" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> Or.w3. Now we can use these entries in our JSP or facelets pages.select}" value="Select Theme"/> 14..sun.0.CR2 159 .com/jsf/facelets" xmlns:h="http://java.themes}"/> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:commandButton action="#{themeSelector. theme selector and timezone selector all support persistence of locale and theme preference to a cookie.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ui="http://java.0./screen.Internationalization and themes css .xhtml Usually the entries in a theme resource bundle will be paths to CSS styles or images and names of facelets templates (unlike localization resource bundles which are usually text).com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java.xml: <theme:theme-selector cookie-enabled="true"> <theme:available-themes> <value>default</value> <value>accessible</value> <value>printable</value> </theme:available-themes> </theme:theme-selector> <international:locale-selector cookie-enabled="true"/> JBoss Seam 2.theme}"> <f:selectItems value="#{themeSelector.requestContextPath}#{theme.5. Simply set the cookie-enabled property in components.
(Note that a simple newline is ignored. super^scripts^ or _underlines_.Chapter 15. wiki pages. Basic fomatting Here is a simple example: It's easy to make *bold text*. super<sup>scripts</sup> or <u>underlines</u>. 15. <tt>monospace</tt> <del>deleted text</del>. This is the second paragraph. We can split it across multiple lines. /italic text/. Seam provides the <s:formattedText/> control for display of formatted text that conforms to the Seam Text language. Unordered lists use the = character: An ordered list: #first item #second item #and even the /third/ item An unordered list: JBoss Seam 2. Seam Text Collaboration-oriented websites require a human-friendly markup language for easy entry of formatted text in forum posts. you need an additional blank line to wrap text into a new paragraph.0. <i>italic text</i>. We can split it across multiple lines. and + to indicate a heading: +This is a big heading You /must/ have some text following a heading! ++This is a smaller heading This is the first paragraph. comments. </p> We can use a blank line to indicate a new paragraph. </p> Ordered lists are created using the # character. ~deleted text~. we will get the following HTML produced: <p> It's easy to make <b>bold text</b>.CR2 160 .1. etc. You don't need to know anything about ANTLR to use it. however.) This is the HTML that results: <h1>This is a big heading</h1> <p> You <i>must</i> have some text following a heading! </p> <h2>This is a smaller heading</h2> <p> This is the first paragraph. but we must end it with a blank line. but we must end it with a blank line. If we display this using <s:formattedText/>. blogs. Seam Text is implemented using an ANTLR-based parser.0. </p> <p> This is the second paragraph. |monospace|.
> and & may be escaped using \: You can write down equations like 2\*3\=6 and HTML tags like \<body\> using the escape character: \\. i<100. </p> And we can quote code blocks using backticks: My code doesn't work: `for (int i=0. Entering code and text with special characters Special characters such as *.0. <p> You can write down equations like 2*3=6 and HTML tags like <.Seam Text =an item =another item <p> An ordered list: </p> <ol> <li>first item</li> <li>second item</li> <li>and even the <i>third</i> item</li> </ol> <p> An unordered list: </p> <ul> <li>an item</li> <li>another item</li> </ul> Quoted sections should be surrounded in double quotes: The other guy said: "Nyeah nyeah-nee /nyeah/ nyeah!" But what do you think he means by "nyeah-nee"? <p> The other guy said: </p> <q>Nyeah nyeah-nee <i>nyeah</i> nyeah!</q> <p> But what do you think he means by <q>nyeah-nee</q>? </p> 15. along with HTML characters such as <.body>.CR2 161 . i--) { doSomething().0. using the escape character: \.2. | and #. }` JBoss Seam 2.
write: This is a |<tag attribute="value"/>| example.100.CR2 162 .com/products/seam">something cool</a>. for example.0. }</pre> <p> Any ideas? </p> Note that inline monospace formatting always escapes (most monospace formatted text is in fact code or tags with many special characters). and so on). i--) { doSomething(). This is useful for creating links: You might want to link to <a href="http://jboss. 15. or even include an image: <img src="/logo.3. the subset is chosen to be safe from cross-site scripting attacks).Seam Text Any ideas? <p> My code doesn't work: </p> <pre>for (int i=0. i<. underscore.com/products/seam].4. The downside is that you can't format inline monospace text in any other way (italics. Links A link may be created using the following syntax: Go to the Seam website at [=>http://jboss. if you want to specify the text of the link: Go to [the Seam website=>http://jboss. it is even possible to customize the Seam Text parser to understand wikiword links written using this syntax.0. Entering HTML Text may even include a certain limited subset of HTML (don't worry. So you can. 15. Or.jpg"/> And for creating tables: <table> <tr><td>First name:</td><td>Gavin</td></tr> <tr><td>Last name:</td><td>King</td></tr> </table> But you can do much more if you want! JBoss Seam 2. without escaping any of the characters inside the monospace bars.com/products/seam]. For advanced users.
and many of the features only work correctly when generating PDF documents. pageSize • — The orientation of the page.1.PageSize class.jar. Valid values are PDF. — Indicates that margin settings should be reversed an al163 marginMirroring . but Seam also offers basic support for RTF document generation. which are used to construct views that can render to PDF. Future versions of the library may also support the use of JSP. Using PDF Support iText support is provided by jboss-seam-pdf. The most commonly used values would be LETTER and A4. which serves the rendered documents to the user.com/products/seam/pdf namespace. RTF and HTML modes. and the DocumentStore component. included jboss-seam-pdf. The primary focus of Seam's iText document support is for the generation of PDF doucuments.CR2 — The left. The examples/itext project contains an example of the PDF support in action. Creating a document Description Documents are generated by facelets documents using tags in the http://jboss. 16. A full list of supported pages sizes can be found in com. It demonstrates proper deployment packaging.jar in your WEBINF/lib directory along with the iText JAR file. for example. Documents should always have the document tag at the root of the document. Alternatively. In landscape mode. iText PDF generation Seam now includes an component set for generating documents using iText. the height and width page size values are reversed.1.text. Seam defaults to PDF generation. and it contains a number examples that demonstrate the key PDF generation features current supported. right. 16. pageSize can provide the width and height of the page directly. is equivalent to the LETTER page size. Additionally. Valid values are portrait and landscape.0. The value "612 792". Attributes • — The type of the document to be produced. The Seam iText module requires the use of Facelets as the view technology. To include PDF support in your application.Chapter 16. top and bottom margin values. This JAR contains the iText JSF controls. There is no further configuration needed to use Seam's iText supportfon. The document tag prepares Seam to generate a document into the DocumentStore and renders an HTML redirect to that stored content.0.1. orientation margins • • JBoss Seam 2. it requires the use of the seam-ui package. type <p:document> • — The size of the page to be generate.lowagie.
Metadata Attributes • • • • • title subject keywords author creator Usage <p:document xmlns:p="http://jboss.CR2 164 . Tags like <p:font> provide style information to all the content surrounging them. however. formatted and styled in logical groups. — The blank space to be inserted after the element. the standard UI components are geared towards HTML generation and are not useful for generating PDF content.com/products/seam/pdf"> The document goes here.0. Instead.1. indentationLeft indentationRight keepTogether JBoss Seam 2. Seam provides a special UI components for generating suitable PDF content.0.2.iText PDF generation ternating pages. </p:document> 16. <p:paragraph> Description Most uses of text should be sectioned into paragraphs so that text fragments can be flowed. Tags like <p:image> and <p:paragraph> are the basic foundations of simple documents. Attributes • • • • • • • • • firstLineIndent extraParagraphSpace leading multipliedLeading spacingBefore spacingAfter — The blank space to be inserted before the element. Basic Text Elements Useful documents will need to contain more than just text.
BOLD. This will typically be a value binding expression. OBLIQUE. HELVETICA. ITALIC. Attributes • name SYMBOL — The font name. or ZAPFDINGBATS.iText PDF generation Usage <p:paragraph alignment="justify"> This is a simple document. value Usage <p:paragraph> The item costs <p:text value="#{product. LINE-THROUGH style encoding • — The character set encoding. TIMES-ROMAN. It isn't very fancy. UNDERLINE. </p:paragraph> <p:text> Description The text tag allows text fragments to be produced from application data using normal JSF converter mechanisms.0. • • size — The point size of the font. — The font styles. Any combination of : NORMAL.0. Usage <p:font family="courier" style="bold" size="24"> <p:paragraph>My Title</p:paragraph> </p:font> <p:newPage> Description JBoss Seam 2.CR2 165 .price}"> <f:convertNumber type="currency" currencySymbol="$"/> </p:text> </p:paragraph> <p:font> Description The font tag defines the default font to be used for all text inside of it. It is very similar to the outputText tag used when rendering HTML documents. for example: COURIER. Attributes • — The value to be displayed.
value rotation height width • • • • — The rotation of the image in degrees. alignment— The alignment of the image. — The blank space to be inserted after the element. This can be expressed as a single percentage value or as two percentage values representing separate x and y scaling percentages.0. The imageData attribute can specify a value binding expression whose value is a java.0. widthPercentage initialRotation dpi — The scaling factor (as a percentage) to use for the image. (see Section 16. indentationLeft indentationRight spacingBefore spacingAfter — The blank space to be inserted before the element.1. Images can be be loaded from the classpath or from the web application context using the value attribute.7. — The height of the image.iText PDF generation p:newPage inserts a page break.CR2 166 . scalePercent wrap underlying • • JBoss Seam 2. Usage <p:newPage /> <p:image> Description inserts an image into the document.awt. — The width of the image. Attributes • — A resource name or a method expression binding to an applicationgenerated image. "Alignment Values" for possible values) alt • • • • • • • • • — Alternative text representation for the image.2. p:image Resources can also be dynamically generated by application code.Image object.
(see Section 16. Attributes • — The alignment of the header/footer box section.0. Links to other points in the document should begin with a "#".CR2 167 .1.1. borderColorRight. reference Usage <p:listItem><p:anchor reference="#reason1">Reason 1</p:anchor></p:listItem> ..(see Section 16.1. — The destination the link refers to. For example. with the exception of the first page.. "Color Values" for color values) backgroundColor • — The border color of the header/footer box. <p:paragraph> <p:anchor name="reason1">It's the quickest way to get "rich"</p:anchor> . Links may also be a full URL to point to a resource outside of the document. Header and footer declarations should appear near the top of a document. "Color Values" for color values) borderColor JBoss Seam 2.. "Alignment Values" for alignment values) alignment <p:header> <p:footer> • — The background color of the header/footer box..7. borderColorTop and borderColorBottom. It supports the following at- tributes: Attributes • • name — The name of an in-document anchor destination. Headers and Footers Description The p:header and p:footer components provide the ability to place header and footer text on each page of a generated document.1. </p:paragraph> 16. Individual border sides can be set using borderColorLeft.7.1.chart}" /> <p:anchor> Description p:anchor defines clickable links from a document.0.7. (see Section 16. "#link1" to refer to an anchor postion with a name of link1.iText PDF generation Usage <p:image value="/jboss.2.3.jpg" /> <p:image value="#{images.1.
4. Usage <p:footer borderWidthTop="1" borderColorTop="blue" borderWidthBottom="0" alignment="center"> Why Seam? [<p:pageNumber />] </p:footer> 16.CR2 168 . All sections are numbered relative to their surrounding chapter/sections. borderWidthRight.2. Sections can only be used inside of chapters. the section number would be displayed as 1. the p:chapter and p:section tags can be used to provide the necessary structure. The page number tag can only be used in the context of a header or footer and can only be used once.4.1.0. "Alignment Values" for alignment values) alignment <p:chapter> <p:section> • — The chapter number. but they may be nested arbitrarily deep. In that case. number • — The depth of numbering for section. Chapters and Sections Description If the generated document follows a book/article structure. Every chapter should be assigned a chapter number.0. borderWidth Usage <p:facet name="header"> <p:font size="12"> <p:footer borderWidthTop="1" borderColorTop="blue" borderWidthBottom="0" alignment="center"> Why Seam? [<p:pageNumber />] </p:footer> </p:font> </f:facet> <p:pageNumber> Description The current page number can be placed inside of a header or footer using the p:pageNumber tag.1. (see Section 16. Attributes • — The alignment of the header/footer box section. The fourth section of of the first section of chapter three would be section 3. To omit the chapter number.4. Inidvidual border sides can be specified using borderWidthLeft. numberDepth JBoss Seam 2. borderWidthTop and borderWidthBottom. if displayed at the default number depth of three. Most PDF viewers provide easy navigation between chapters and sections in a document.iText PDF generation • — The width of the border.7. a number depth of 2 should be used.1.
specifies the bullet symbol. indicates whether the letters should be lower case.name}</p:listItem> </ui:repeat> </p:list> </p:document> <p:list> Attributes • — The ordering/bulleting style of list.com/jsf/facelets" title="Hello"> <p:list style="numbered"> <ui:repeat value="#{documents}" var="doc"> <p:listItem>#{doc. Lists may contain arbitrarily-nested sublists.0.iText PDF generation Usage <p:document xmlns:p="http://jboss. Lists List structures can be displayed using the p:list and p:listItem tags. LETTERED. 16. ZAPFDINGBATS. If no style is given.name}!</p:paragraph> </p:chapter> <p:chapter number="2"> <p:title><p:paragraph>Goodbye</p:paragraph></p:title> <p:paragraph>Goodbye #{user. style listSymbol indent • • • — For bulleted lists.sun. List items may not be used outside of a list. lowerCase charNumber • JBoss Seam 2. indicates the character code of the 169 . The body of the title may contain raw text or may be a p:paragraph. <p:document xmlns:p="http://jboss. — The indentation level of the list.CR2 — For ZAPFDINGBATS. The title will be displayed next to the chapter/section number. ROMAN. — For list styles using letters. ZAPFDINGBATS_NUMBER. GREEK. he following document uses the ui:repeat tag to to display a list of values retrieved from a Seam component.com/products/seam/pdf" title="Hello"> <p:chapter number="1"> <p:title><p:paragraph>Hello</p:paragraph></p:title> <p:paragraph>Hello #{user.1. the list items are bulleted.</p:paragraph> </p:chapter> </p:document> <p:header> Description Any chapter or section can contain a p:title.name}.com/products/seam/pdf" xmlns:ui="http://java. One of: NUMBERED.0.5.
Usage . <p:table> Description p:table supports the following attributes.2. 16...name}</p:listItem> </ui:repeat> </p:list> <p:listItem> Description p:listItem supports the following attributes: Attributes • — The alignment of the header/footer box section.2. — The right indentation amount.0. (see Section 16. Header and footer rows can be declared. Usage <p:list style="numbered"> <ui:repeat value="#{documents}" var="doc"> <p:listItem>#{doc. Tables Table structures can be created using the p:table and p:cell tags. there is no explicit row declaration.1. (See Section 16. Unlike many table structures. and the headers and footers will be repeated in the event a table structure spans multiple pages.6. If a table has 3 columns.0.7. indicates the numbering style. "Alignment Values" for possible values) alignment indentationLeft • • • — The left indentation amount.1. 170 .iText PDF generation bullet character. "Alignment Values" for alignment values) alignment • — The alignment of the list item.1. indentationRight listSymbol — Overrides the default list symbol for this list item. Attributes • JBoss Seam 2.CR2 columns — The number of columns (cells) that make up a table row. then every 3 cells will automatically form a row. • numberType — For ZAPFDINGBATS_NUMBER.7.
— The horizontal alignment of the table. JBoss Seam 2.user. headerRows • — The number of rows that are considered to be footer rows. If document has 2 rows which make up the header and one row that makes up the footer.0. widths • — The initial number of rows which are considered to be headers or footer rows and should be repeated if the table spans multiple pages.name}</p:cell> <p:cell>#{doc. headerRows should be set to 3 and footerRows should be set to 1 footerRows widthPercentage • • — The percentage of the page width that the table spans. "Alignment Values" for possible values) horizontalAlignment skipFirstHeader runDirection lockedWidth splitRows spacingBefore spacingAfter • • • • • • • • • • — The blank space to be inserted before the element. extendLastRow headersInEvent splitLate keepTogether Usage <p:table columns="3" headerRows="1"> <p:cell>name</p:cell> <p:cell>owner</p:cell> <p:cell>size</p:cell> <ui:repeat value="#{documents}" var="doc"> <p:cell>#{doc.0.2.7. There should be one value for each column. For example: widths="2 1 1" would indicate that there are 3 columns and the first column should be twice the size of the second and third column. This value is subtracted from the headerRows value.size}</p:cell> </ui:repeat> </p:table> <p:cell> Description p:cell supports the following attributes.iText PDF generation • — The relative widths of each column. (See Section 16.name}</p:cell> <p:cell>#{doc. — The blank space to be inserted after the element.CR2 171 .1.
"Alignment Values" for possible values) verticalAlignment • — Padding on a given side can also be specified using paddingLeft.2.iText PDF generation Attributes • — Cells can span more than one column by declaring a colspan greater than 1.1. paddingTop and paddingBottom.</p:cell> 16.7.2.CR2 172 . paddingRight. (see Section 16.1..7.. colspan • — The horizontal alignment of the cell.1.7. "Alignment Values" for possible values) horizontalAlignment • — The vertical alignment of the cell. padding useBorderPadding leading multipliedLeading indent verticalAlignment extraParagraphSpace fixedHeight noWrap minimumHeight followingIndent rightIndent spaceCharRatio runDirection arabicOptions useAscender grayFill rotation • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Usage <p:cell>. Document Constants JBoss Seam 2.0. (see Section 16. Tables do not have the ability to span across multiple rows.0.
1.7. cyan and blue. gray. and baseline. /seam-doc.SeamServletFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Seam Servlet Filter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*. This capability requires some configuration. there are a few points of configuration that are needed for more serious applications. center. The default implementation serves PDF documents from a generic URL.seam. pink. 16.pdf</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> The useExtensions option on the document store component completes the functionality by instructing the document store to generate URLs with the correct filename extension for the document type being generated. Alignment Values Where alignment values are used. green. The vertical alignment values are top. black. red. only named colors are supported. lightgray.pdf</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>Document Store Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org. To serve PDF files.1.1.8.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:pdf="http://jboss.seam. Currently. <pdf:documentStore useExtensions="true" errorPage="/pdfMissing. At that point.servlet. darkgray.1. references to the document will be invalid. Color Values Seam documents do not yet support a full color specification.DocumentStoreServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Document Store Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.iText PDF generation This section documents some of the constants shared by attributes on multiple tags. 16. middle.com/products/seam/pdf"> <pdf:documentStore useExtensions="true" /> </components> Generated documents are stored in conversation scope and will expire when the conversation ends. right. Configuring iText Document generation works out of the box with no additional configuration needed.jboss.0. Many browsers (and users) would prefer to see URLs that contain the actual PDF name like /myDocument.pdf resources should be mapped to the Seam Servlet Filter and to the DocumentStoreServlet: <filter> <filter-name>Seam Servlet Filter</filter-name> <filter-class>org. However. justify and justifyall. To You can specify a default view to be shown when a document does not exist using the errorPage property of the documentStore. 16. yellow. all *.jboss.seam" /> JBoss Seam 2.0.2.CR2 173 .seam.7. <components xmlns="http://jboss. the Seam PDF supports the following horizontal alignment values: left.pdf.pdf. bottom. They are: white. magenta.
Charting <p:barchart> Description Displays a bar chart. • • • height width is3D — The height of the chart. if different from the chart background color. if visible. orientation horizontal. — A boolean value indicating that the chart should be rendered in 3D instead of 2D. — A boolean value indicating whether or not the chart should include a legend.2. if vis- ible. — The color of the domain axis label. — The stroke style of the domain gridleines. Attributes • borderVisible — Controls whether or not a border is displayed around the entire chart. legend legendItemPaint— • • • The default color of the text labels in the legend. plotForegroundAlpha— • The alpha (transparency) level of the plot.0.0. legendItemBackgoundPaint— The background color for the legend. — The width of the chart.iText PDF generation 16. — The default background color of the chart. It should be a number between 0 (completely transparent) and 1 (completely opaque). if visible. • • • • • • borderPaint — The color of the border. either vertical (the default) or • • plotBackgroundPaint— plotBackgroundAlpha— The color of the plot background. • — The orientation of the plot. borderBackgroundPaint borderStroke — — The text label for the domain axis.CR2 174 . It should JBoss Seam 2. • • domainGridlinePaint— domainGridlineStroke The color of the domain gridlines. Controls whether or not gridlines for the domain domainAxisLabel domainAxisPaint domainGridlinesVisible— axis are shown on the chart. The alpha (transparency) level of the plot background.
iText PDF generation be a number between 0 (completely transparent) and 1 (completely opaque). — The default background color of the chart. 175 domainAxisLabel .0. if visible. — The color of the range axis label. • • • • • plotOutlinePaint— plotOutlineStroke rangeAxisLabel rangeAxisPaint The color of the range gridlines. Controls whether or not gridlines for the range rangeGridlinesVisible— axis are shown on the chart. — The text label for the range axis. The color of the chart title text. • • • • JBoss Seam 2. — The chart title text.0. if visible. titlePaint— titleBackgroundPaint— width — The width of the chart. The background color around the chart title. Attributes • borderVisible — Controls whether or not a border is displayed around the entire chart. if visible.CR2 borderPaint — The color of the border. borderBackgroundPaint borderStroke — — The text label for the domain axis. if visible. • • • • • • rangeGridlinePaint— rangeGridlineStroke title The color of the range gridlines. if visible. Usage <p:barchart title="Bar Chart" legend="true" width="500" height="500"> <p:series key="Last Year"> <p:data columnKey="Joe" value="100" /> <p:data columnKey="Bob" value="120" /> </p:series> <p:series key="This Year"> <p:data columnKey="Joe" value="125" /> <p:data columnKey="Bob" value="115" /> </p:series> </p:barchart> <p:linechart> Description Displays a line chart. — The stroke style of the range gridleines. — The stroke style of the range gridleines.
plotForegroundAlpha— • The alpha (transparency) level of the plot. if visible. titlePaint— JBoss Seam 2.0. — The stroke style of the range gridleines. — The chart title text. — The stroke style of the range gridleines. — The stroke style of the domain gridleines. plotOutlinePaint— plotOutlineStroke rangeAxisLabel rangeAxisPaint • • • • • The color of the range gridlines. legendItemBackgoundPaint— The background color for the legend. orientation horizontal. legend legendItemPaint— • • • The default color of the text labels in the legend. • • • • rangeGridlinePaint— rangeGridlineStroke title The color of the range gridlines. either vertical (the default) or • • plotBackgroundPaint— plotBackgroundAlpha— The color of the plot background. if visible. if visible. The color of the chart title text. — A boolean value indicating whether or not the chart should include a legend. if vis- ible. if visible.CR2 176 .0. Controls whether or not gridlines for the domain domainGridlinesVisible— axis are shown on the chart. The alpha (transparency) level of the plot background. • • domainGridlinePaint— domainGridlineStroke The color of the domain gridlines. Controls whether or not gridlines for the range rangeGridlinesVisible— axis are shown on the chart. if different from the chart background color. — The text label for the range axis.iText PDF generation • • domainAxisPaint — The color of the domain axis label. — A boolean value indicating that the chart should be rendered in 3D instead of 2D. if visible. — The width of the chart. It should be a number between 0 (completely transparent) and 1 (completely opaque). It should be a number between 0 (completely transparent) and 1 (completely opaque). — The color of the range axis label. • — The orientation of the plot. • • • height width is3D — The height of the chart.
05" /> </p:series> </p:linechart> <p:piechart> Description Displays a pie chart. Usage <p:linechart title="Line Chart" width="500" height="500"> <p:series key="Prices"> <p:data columnKey="2003" value="7.625" /> <p:data columnKey="2006" value="76.CR2 177 .50" /> <p:data columnKey="2005" value="34. Attributes • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • title label legend is3D labelLinkMargin labelLinkPaint labelLinkStroke labelLinksVisible labelOutlinePaint labelOutlineStroke labelShadowPaint labelPaint labelGap labelBackgroundPaint startAngle circular JBoss Seam 2.0.iText PDF generation • • titleBackgroundPaint— width The background color around the chart title.30" /> <p:data columnKey="2007" value="85. — The width of the chart.0.36" /> <p:data columnKey="2004" value="11.
value}" /> </ui:repeat> </p:series> <p:data> Description The data tag describes each data point to be displayed in the graph. — The stroke used to draw each item in the series. Attributes • • • • • • key — The series name. Usage <p:series key="data1"> <ui:repeat value="#{data.0.iText PDF generation • • • • • • • direction sectionOutlinePaint sectionOutlineStroke sectionOutlinesVisible baseSectionOutlinePaint baseSectionPaint baseSectionOutlineStroke Usage <p:series> Description Category data can be broken down into series. seriesPaint seriesOutlinePaint seriesOutlineStroke seriesVisible — A boolean indicating if the series should be displayed. Attributes JBoss Seam 2.CR2 178 .pieData1}" var="item"> <p:data columnKey="#{item.name}" value="#{item.0. — The color of each item in the series — The outline color for each item in the series. — A boolean indiciating if the series should be lis- seriesVisibleInLegend ted in the legend. The series tag is used to categorize a set of data with a series and apply styling to the entire series.
Attributes JBoss Seam 2.2" /> <p:data key="bar" value="30" sectionPaint="#333333" /> <p:data key="baz" value="40" sectionPaint="#555555" sectionOutlineStroke="my-dot-style" /> <p:color> Description The color component declares a color or gradient than can be referenced when drawing filled shapes.0. the color of the section outline. point2 Usage <p:color id="foo" color="#0ff00f"/> <p:color id="bar" color="#ff00ff" color2="#00ff00" point="50 50" point2="300 300"/> <p:stroke> Description Describes a stroke used to draw lines in a chart. Attributes • — The color value. — The co-ordinates where the gradient color ends. this is the color that ends the gradient. the stroke type for the section out- sectionOutlineStroke line. For gradient colors.CR2 179 .7. this the starting color.1. — For pie charts. • sectionPaint — For bar charts. indicates how exploded a from the pie a explodedPercent piece is. — The co-ordinates where the gradient color begins. Section 16. "Color Values" color color2 point • • • — For gradient colors. Usage <p:data key="foo" value="20" sectionPaint="#111111" explodedPercent=". • • sectionOutlinePaint — For bar charts. when not embedded inside a <p:series>. the color of the section. series value — The numeric data value.iText PDF generation • • • • key — The name of the data item.1. — The series name.0. — For bar charts.
— The line cap type.. Bar codes .0.3. dashPhase • Usage <p:stroke id="dot2" width="2" cap="round" join="bevel" dash="2 3" /> 16. — The dash phase indicates the offset into the dash pattern that the the line should be drawn with. <p:barcode> Description Attributes • • • • • • • • • type code xpos ypos rotDegrees barHeight textSize minBarWidth barMultiplier Usage JBoss Seam 2.CR2 180 . join miterLimit dash — The dash value sets the dash pattern to be used to draw the line. The space separated integers indicate the length of each alternating drawn and undrawn segments. this value is the limit of the size of the join. round and bevel — For miter joins.iText PDF generation • • • • • width cap — The width of the stroke. Valid values are butt. round and square — The line join type. Valid values are miter.0..
see: • • iText Home Page [http://www.4.iText PDF generation 16.0.CR2 181 .manning.com/lowagie/] JBoss Seam 2.0. Further documentation For further information on iText.com/iText/] iText in Action [http://www.lowagie.
then an exception would be thrown.w3.address}</m:to> <m:subject>Try out Seam!</m:subject> <m:body> <p><h:outputText value="Dear #{person.CR2 182 . and tells Seam to start rendering an email. a <m:to> tag to specify a sender (notice how we use EL as we would in a normal facelet).com/jsf/html"> <m:from name="Peter" address="firstname.lastname@example.com 17. } catch (Exception e) { facesMessages.</p> <p>Regards. It demonstrates proper packaging. and it contains a number of example that demonstrate the key features currently supported. This JAR contains the mail JSF controls.getMessage()).</p> <p>You can try out Seam by visiting <a href="http://labs.add("Email sent successfully").add("Email sending failed: " + e. how do you go about sending it? Well. 17.jar.</p> <p>Pete</p> </m:body> </m:message> The <m:message> tag wraps the whole message. so all you have to do is ask Seam to render the view: @In(create=true) private Renderer renderer. and the mailSession manager component. facesMessages. The examples/mail project contains an example of the email support in action. which is caught and then displayed to the user. So.firstname}" />.0.com/products/seam/mail" xmlns:h="http://java. JBoss Seam 2. Email support is provided by jboss-seam-mail. at the end of rendering the m:message the mailSession is called to send the email. for example.com" /> <m:to name="#{person. public void send() { try { renderer.firstname} #{person. Inside the <m:message> tag we use an <m:from> tag to set who the message is from.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:m="http://jboss.sun. Email Seam now includes an optional components for templating and sending emails. } } If.1.jboss. You can use regular HTML tags inside the body as well as JSF components. you entered an invalid email address.com/jbossseam">http://labs.xhtml"). The <m:body> tag wraps the body of the email. and a <m:subject> tag. now you have your email template.jboss.lastname}">#{person.0. Creating a message You don't need to learn a whole new templating language to use Seam Mail — an email is just facelet! <m:message xmlns="http://www.com/jbossseam</a>. which are used to construct emails.render("/simple.
Email 17.jar"/> You could also attach a java. It supports most of the standard java types used when working with files. or any standard JSF view.1.photo}" contentType="image/jpeg" fileName="#{person.0. By default it would be attached as jbossseam-mail. If you wanted to email the jboss-seam-mail.jar" fileName="this-is-so-cool. and attach it to the email..jar.0. just by wrapping a <m:attachment> around the normal tags you would use: <m:attachment fileName="tiny.pdf"> <p:document> A very tiny PDF </p:document> </m:attachment> If you had a set of files you wanted to attach (for example a set of pictures loaded from a database) you can just use a <ui:repeat>: <ui:repeat value="#{people}" var="person"> <m:attachment value="#{person. JBoss Seam 2..io. a java. Well.} does.firstname}_#{person. Attachments Seam makes it easy to attach files to an email. if you wanted it to have another name you would just add the fileName attribute: <m:attachment value="/WEB-INF/lib/jboss-seam-mail. the attachments will be looked at when trying to locate the image (the Content-ID's must match) — magic! You must declare the attachment before trying to access the status object.InputStream: <m:attachment value="#{person.CR2 183 .lastname}.jar"/> Seam will load the file from the classpath.jpg" status="personPhoto" disposition="inline" /> <img src="cid:#{personPhoto.firstname}_#{per </ui:repeat> And if you want to display an attached image inline: <m:attachment value="#{person. And it gets even better.net.URL: <m:attachment value="#{numbers}"/> Or a byte[] or a java.jar: <m:attachment value="/WEB-INF/lib/jboss-seam-mail. you can attach a Seam generated PDF.contentId}" /> You may be wondering what cid:#{.io.InputStream you need to specify the MIME type of the attachment (as that information is not carried as part of the file).File.photo}" contentType="image/png"/> You'll notice that for a byte[] and a java. the IETF specified that by putting this as the src for your image.photo}" contentType="image/jpeg" fileName="#{person.io.1.
Templating The mail templating example shows that facelets templating Just Works with the Seam mail tags. </m:message> </ui:repeat> 17.firstname} #{person.</ui:insert> </body> </html> </m:body> </m:message> Our templating.address}</m:from> <m:to name="#{p. you need to send a slightly different message to each recipient (e. Our template.0.3.. so you can add a plain text alternative to your email body: <m:body> <f:facet name="alternative">Sorry.emailAddress}" /> </ui:repeat> 17.firstname} #{user. however.5.address}</m:to> .1.4.jboss. HTML/Text alternative part Whilst most mail readers nowadays support HTML. your email reader can't show our fancy email.address}</m:to> <m:subject>#{subject}</m:subject> <m:body> <html> <body> <ui:insert name="body">This is the default body.firstname} #{person.g.xhtml contains: <m:message> <m:from name="Seam" address="firstname.lastname@example.com}">#{person. The best way to do this is to place the whole message inside a <ui:repeat>: <ui:repeat value="#{people}" var="p"> <m:message> <m:from name="#{person.1. specified by the template.Email 17. Multiple recipients Often you'll want to send an email to a group of recipients (for example your users). please go to http://labs.lastname}">#{person.2.firstname}">#{p.</f:facet> </m:body> 17.0. a password reset)..lastname}" address="#{user. some don't. Multiple messages Sometimes.1.com" /> <m:to name="#{person.CR2 184 .1.com/jbossseam to explore Seam. All of the recipient mail tags can be placed inside a <ui:repeat>: <ui:repeat value="#{allUsers} var="user"> <m:to name="#{user.xhtml contains: <ui:param name="subject" value="Templating with Seam Mail"/> <ui:define name="body"> <p>This example demonstrates that you can easily use <i>facelets templating</i> in email!</p> </ui:define> JBoss Seam 2.
@ActivationConfigProperty(propertyName="storeProtocol". propertyValue="INBOX").rar should be placed in $JBOSS_HOME/server/default/deploy. propertyValue="seam").7. the encoding provided by JSF is used. </m:message> The body. we can set the importance of the email.xml configuration parameters).1. subject and recipient (and from) name will be encoded. "Tags"). and ask for a read receipt: <m:message xmlns:m="http://jboss.0. JBoss provides a JCA adaptor — mail-ra. propertyValue="localhost").xml isn't reliable when using Seam Mail (if you send your mail asynchrounously Seam Mail doesn't have access to the full JSF or Servlet context. Internationalisation Seam supports sending internationalised messages. @ActivationConfigProperty(propertyName="password"..com/products/seam/mail" importance="low" requestReadReceipt="true"/> Otherise you can add any header to the message using the <m:header> tag: <m:header name="X-Sent-From" value="JBoss Seam"/> 17. Seam provides support for some (see Section 17.rar — but the version distributed with JBoss AS has a number of limitations (and isn't bundled in some versions) therefore we recommend using the mail-ra.0.5. You'll need to make sure facelets uses the correct charset for parsing your pages by setting encoding of the template: <?xml version="1.6. mail-ra. replace it. you'll need to override the Renderer component and do the configuration programmatically . @ActivationConfigProperty(propertyName="userName". if the version of JBoss AS you use already has this file. and so doesn't know about web.2.rar") @Name("mailListener") JBoss Seam 2. Receiving emails If you are using EJB then you can use a MDB (Message Driven Bean) to receive email..xml from web.taglib. You can configure it like this: @MessageDriven(activationConfig={ @ActivationConfigProperty(propertyName="mailServer". @ActivationConfigProperty(propertyName="mailFolder". but this can be overridden on the template: <m:message charset="UTF-8"> .only for advanced users! 17. If you do need more configure Facelets or JSF when sending mail.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 17.CR2 185 .referencing the .Email You can also use facelets source tags in your email. but you must place them in a jar in WEB-INF/lib .1. propertyValue="seam") }) @ResourceAdapter("mail-ra. For example. Other Headers Sometimes you'll want to add other headers to your email. By default. propertyValue="pop3").rar distributed with Seam is recommended (it's in the mail directory in the Seam bundle).
getSubject()). The mailSession component's properties are described in more detail in Section 28. Additionally.3.com/products/seam/mail"> <mail:mail-session session-jndi-name="java:/Mail"/> </components> Here we tell Seam to get the mail session bound to java:/Mail from JNDI. If you are using JBoss AS there is no further configuration needed to use Seam's email support.jar.jsp?page=JavaMail describes the service in more detail.org/wiki/Wiki. JBoss Seam 2.org/wiki/Wiki.1. Most Seam annotations will work inside a MDB but you musn't access the persistence context.rar at http://wiki.jar in your WEB-INF/lib directory. http://wiki. 17. The mailSession component uses JavaMail to talk to a 'real' SMTP server. 17.8. } } Each message received will cause onMessage(Message message) to be called. If you aren't using JBoss AS you can still use mail-ra.rar or you may find your application server includes a similar adapter. include jboss-seam-mail.CR2 186 . and a copy of the Java Activation Framework (distributed with Seam as lib/activation.xml configures a JavaMail session binding into JNDI. 17.3.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:mail="http://jboss.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:core="http://jboss.jsp?page=InboundJavaMail.jboss. The Seam Email module requires the use of Facelets as the view technology. Configuration To include Email support in your application.process(message. Otherwise you need to make sure you have the JavaMail API. "Mail-related components". public void onMessage(Message message) { // Process the message orderProcessor. JNDI lookup in JBoss AS The JBossAS deploy/mail-service.3. The default service configuration will need altering for your network.jar).Email public class MailListenerMDB implements MailListener { @In(create=true) private OrderProcessor orderProcessor. it requires the use of the seam-ui package. an implementation of the JavaMail API present (the API and impl used in JBoss AS are distributed with seam as lib/mail. You can find more information onmail-ra.jboss.1.0. mailSession A JavaMail Session may be available via a JNDI lookup if you are working in an JEE environment or you can use a Seam configured Session.0. Future versions of the library may also support the use of JSP. <components xmlns="http://jboss.1.
184.108.40.206. Seam configured Session A mail session can be configured via components.xml. Here we tell Seam to use smtp.example.com as the smtp server:
<components xmlns="http://jboss.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:core="http://jboss.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:mail="http://jboss.com/products/seam/mail"> <mail:mail-session host="smtp.example.com"/> </components>
17.4. Meldware
Seam's mail examples use Meldware (from buni.org [http://buni.org]) as a mail server. Meldware is a groupware package that provides SMTP, POP3, IMAP, webmail, a shared calendar and an graphical admin tool; it's written as a JEE application so can be deployed onto JBoss AS alongside your Seam application. The version of Meldware distributed with Seam (in the mail/buni-meldware folder is specially tailored for development - mailboxes, users and aliases (email addresses) are created everytime the the application deploys. If you want to use Meldware for anything more than sending emails in production it's recommended you a vanilla copy. To create mailboxes, users and aliaes, you can use the meldware component:
<components xmlns="http://jboss.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:core="http://jboss.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:mail="http://jboss.com/products/seam/mail"> <mail:mail-session host="smtp.example.com"/> <mail:meldware> <mail:users> <value>#{duke}</value> <value>#{root}</value> </mail:users> </mail:meldware> <mail:meldware-user name="duke" username="duke" password="duke"> <mail:aliases> <value>firstname.lastname@example.com</value> <value>email@example.com</value> </mail:aliases> <mail:meldware-user name="root" username="root" password="root" administrator="true" /> </components>
Here we've created two users, duke, who has two email addresses and an administrator with the username root.
17.5. Tags
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Email Root tag of a mail message • • •
importance precedence
— low, normal or high. By default normal, this sets the importance of the mail message. — sets the precedence of the message (e.g. bulk).
— by default false, if set, a read receipt request will be will be added, with the read receipt being sent to the From: address.
— If set, the value is prepended to the requestContextPath allowing you to use components such as <h:graphicImage> in your emails.
<m:from> Set's the From: address for the email. You can only have one of these per email. • •
— the name the email should come from. — the email address the email should come from.
<m:replyTo> Set's the Reply-to: address for the email. You can only have one of these per email. •
— the email address the email should come from.
<m:to> Add a recipient to the email. Use multiple <m:to> tags for multiple recipients. This tag can be safely placed inside a repeat tag such as <ui:repeat>. • •
— the name of the recipient. — the email address of the recipient.
<m:cc> Add a cc recipient to the email. Use multiple <m:cc> tags for multiple ccs. This tag can be safely placed inside a iterator tag such as <ui:repeat>. • •
— the name of the recipient. — the email address of the recipient.
<m:bcc> Add a bcc recipient to the email. Use multiple <m:bcc> tags for multiple bccs. This tag can be safely placed inside a repeat tag such as <ui:repeat>. • •
— the name of the recipient. — the email address of the recipient.
<m:header> Add a header to the email (e.g. X-Sent-From: JBoss Seam) •
— The name of the header to add (e.g. X-Sent-From).
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
— The value of the header to add (e.g. JBoss Seam).
<m:attachment> Add an attachment to the email. •
— The file to attach: — A String is interpreted as a path to file within the classpath — An EL expression can reference a File object — An EL expression can reference a URL object
• • • •
java.io.File java.net.URL
java.io.InputStream leName
— An EL expression can reference an InputStream. In this case both a fiand a contentType must be specified.
— An EL expression can reference an byte[]. In this case both a fileName and a contentType must be specified.
If the value attribute is ommitted: • If this tag contains a <p:document> tag, the document described will be generated and attached to the email. A fileName should be specfied. If this tag contains other JSF tags a HTML document will be generated from them and attached to the email. A fileName should be specfied. — Specify the file name to use for the attached file. — Specify the MIME type of the attached file
• •
<m:subject> Set's the subject for the email. <m:body> Set's the body for the email. Supports an alternative facet which, if an HTML email is generated can contain alternative text for a mail reader which doesn't support html. •
— If set to plain then a plain text email will be generated otherwise an HTML email is generated.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Chapter 18. Asynchronicity and messaging
Seam makes it very easy to perform work asynchronously from a web request. When most people think of asynchronicity in Java EE, they think of using JMS. This is certainly one way to approach the problem in Seam, and is the right way when you have strict and well-defined quality of service requirements. Seam makes it easy to send and recieve JMS messages using Seam components. But for many usecases, JMS is overkill. Seam layers a simple asynchronous method and event facility over your choice of dispatchers: • • •
(by default)
the EJB timer service (for EJB 3.0 environments) Quartz
18.1. Asynchronicity
Asynchronous events and method calls have the same quality of service expectations as the underlying dispatcher mechanism. The default dispatcher, based upon a ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor performs efficiently but provides no support for persistent asynchronous tasks, and hence no guarantee that a task will ever actually be executed. If you're working in an environment that supports EJB 3.0, and add the following line to components.xml:
then your asynchronous tasks will be processed by the container's EJB timer service. If you're not familiar with the Timer service, don't worry, you don't need to interact with it directly if you want to use asynchronous methods in Seam. The important thing to know is that any good EJB 3.0 implementation will have the option of using persistent timers, which gives some guarantee that the tasks will eventually be processed. Another alternative is to use the open source Quartz library to manage asynchronous method. You need to bundle the Quartz library JAR (found in the lib directory) in your EAR and declare it as a Java module in application.xml. In addition, you need to add the following line to components.xml to install the Quartz dispatcher.
The Seam API for the default ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor, the EJB3 Timer, and the Quartz Scheduler are largely the same. They can just "plug and play" by adding a line to components.xml.
18.1.1. Asynchronous methods
In simplest form, an asynchronous call just lets a method call be processed asynchronously (in a different thread) from the caller. We usually use an asynchronous call when we want to return an immediate response to the client, and let some expensive work be processed in the background. This pattern works very well in applications which use AJAX, where the client can automatically poll the server for the result of the work. For EJB components, we annotate the local interface to specify that a method is processed asynchronously.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Asynchronicity and messaging
public interface PaymentHandler { @Asynchronous public void processPayment(Payment payment); }
(For JavaBean components we can annotate the component implementation class if we like.) The use of asynchronicity is transparent to the bean class:
@Stateless @Name("paymentHandler") public class PaymentHandlerBean implements PaymentHandler { public void processPayment(Payment payment) { //do some work! } }
And also transparent to the client:
@Stateful @Name("paymentAction") public class CreatePaymentAction { @In(create=true) PaymentHandler paymentHandler; @In Bill bill; public String pay() { paymentHandler.processPayment( new Payment(bill) ); return "success"; } }
The asynchronous method is processed in a completely new event context and does not have access to the session or conversation context state of the caller. However, the business process context is propagated. Asynchronous method calls may be scheduled for later execution using the @Duration, @Expiration and @IntervalDuration annotations.
@Local public interface PaymentHandler { @Asynchronous public void processScheduledPayment(Payment payment, @Expiration Date date); @Asynchronous public void processRecurringPayment(Payment payment, @Expiration Date date, @IntervalDuration Long interval)' }
@Stateful @Name("paymentAction") public class CreatePaymentAction { @In(create=true) PaymentHandler paymentHandler; @In Bill bill; public String schedulePayment() { paymentHandler.processScheduledPayment( new Payment(bill), bill.getDueDate() ); return "success";
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Asynchronicity and messaging
} public String scheduleRecurringPayment() { paymentHandler.processRecurringPayment( new Payment(bill), bill.getDueDate(), ONE_MONTH ); return "success"; } }
Both client and server may access the Timer object associated with the invocation. The Timer object shown below is the EJB3 timer when you use the EJB3 dispatcher. For the default ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor, the returned object is Future from the JDK. For the Quartz dispatcher, it returns QuartzTriggerHandle, which we will discuss in the next section.
@Local public interface PaymentHandler { @Asynchronous public Timer processScheduledPayment(Payment payment, @Expiration Date date); }
@Stateless @Name("paymentHandler") public class PaymentHandlerBean implements PaymentHandler { @In Timer timer; public Timer processScheduledPayment(Payment payment, @Expiration Date date) { //do some work! return timer; //note that return value is completely ignored } }
@Stateful @Name("paymentAction") public class CreatePaymentAction { @In(create=true) PaymentHandler paymentHandler; @In Bill bill; public String schedulePayment() { Timer timer = paymentHandler.processScheduledPayment( new Payment(bill), bill.getDueDate() ); return "success"; } }
Asynchronous methods cannot return any other value to the caller.
18.1.2. Asynchronous methods with the Quartz Dispatcher
The Quartz dispatcher (see earlier on how to install it) allows you to use the @Asynchronous, @Duration, @Expiration, and @IntervalDuration annotations as above. But it has some powerful additional features. The Quartz dispatcher supports three new annotations. The @FinalExpiration annotation specifies an end date for the recurring task.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
The QuartzTriggerHandle object is serializable. @IntervalCron String cron. @IntervalDuration Long interval..getPaymentDate().. QuartzTriggerHandle handle = processor. Calendar. . payment).. . 2010 Calendar cal = Calendar. Note that the method returns the QuartzTriggerHandle object.getQuartzTriggerHandle(). which you can use later to stop.CR2 193 .getPaymentCron().setQuartzTriggerHandle( handle )..getTime(). // Schedule the task in the business logic processing code QuartzTriggerHandle handle = processor.Asynchronicity and messaging // Defines the method in the "processor" component @Asynchronous public QuartzTriggerHandle schedulePayment(@Expiration Date when. @IntervalBusinessDay NthBusinessDay nth.getInstance (). "0 10. payment).set (2010. the following asynchronous method runs at 14:00 on the 2nd business day of each month.. pause. For instance.0. payment.. Payment payment) { // do the repeating or long running task JBoss Seam 2. and resume the scheduler.. Payment payment) { // do the repeating or long running task until endDate } .. repeats every hour. @FinalExpiration Date endDate. 10).cancel(). so you can save it into the database if you need to keep it around for extended period of time. // Define the method @Asynchronous public QuartzTriggerHandle schedulePayment(@Expiration Date when. and ends on May 10th.0.schedulePayment(new Date(). // Schedule the task in the business logic processing code // Starts now. Payment payment) { // do the repeating or long running task } . By default.schedulePayment(payment..schedulePayment(new Date(). the following asynchronous method runs at 2:10pm and at 2:44pm every Wednesday in the month of March. // Save payment to DB // later . For instance. processor. payment). 60*60*1000. cal. // Retrieve payment from DB // Cancel the remaining scheduled tasks payment. The @IntervalCron annotation supports Unix cron job syntax for task scheduling. // Define the method @Asynchronous public QuartzTriggerHandle schedulePayment(@Expiration Date when.44 14 ? 3 WED". cal. payment. it excludes all weekends and US federal holidays until 2010 from the business days. The @IntervalBusinessDay annotation supports invocation on the "nth Business Day" scenario..MAY.
you need to tell Seam about any topics and queues you want to send messages to.schedulePayment(new Date(). MONTHLY. but remember that only the business process context is propagated to the asynchronous thread.. public class NthBusinessDay implements Serializable { int n.. company holidays. fireAtTime = "12:00". // Schedule the task in the business logic processing code QuartzTriggerHandle handle = processor. use TimerSchedule). and @IntervalNthBusinessDay annotations are mutually exclusive. excludeUsFederalHolidays = true. a RuntimeException will be thrown. interval = BusinessDayIntervalType. 18.. If they are used in the same method.g. 18. additionalHolidays = new ArrayList <Date> (). boolean excludeWeekends. . "14:00".0.. . String fireAtTime. @IntervalCron.2.Asynchronicity and messaging } . The NthBusinessDay object contains the configuration of the invocation trigger.0. simply call the raiseAsynchronousEvent() method of the Events class. Configuration To configure Seam's infrastructure for sending JMS messages. } . To schedule a timed event. Messaging in Seam Seam makes it easy to send and receive JMS messages to and from Seam components.. call the raiseTimedEvent() method. Components may observe asynchronous events in the usual way. new NthBusinessDay(2.3. } The @IntervalDuration. BusinessDayIntervalType interval. To raise an event for asynchronous processing. non-US holidays etc. WEEKLY). 18... payment).. You can specify more holidays (e.CR2 194 ..) via the additionalHolidays property. Asynchronous events Component-driven events may also be asynchronous. YEARLY } public NthBusinessDay () { n = 1. passing a schedule object (for the default dispatcher or timer service dispatcher.1. List <Date> additionalHolidays.1. boolean excludeUsFederalHolidays. JBoss Seam 2. public enum BusinessDayIntervalType { WEEKLY. Seam defaults to using UIL2ConnectionFactory which is the usual connection factory for use with JBossMQ.WEEKLY. excludeWeekends = true.2. and also tell Seam where to find the QueueConnectionFactory and/or TopicConnectionFactory.
} } Or. in which case it is possible to inject other event and application scoped Seam components. public void publish(Payment payment) { try { paymentQueueSender. you can inject a JMS TopicPublisher and TopicSession into any component: @In private TopicPublisher stockTickerPublisher.Asynchronicity and messaging If you are using some other JMS provider.topicConnectionFactoryJndiName in seam. Sending messages Now. for working with a queue: @In private QueueSender paymentQueueSender. Receiving messages in the client JBoss Seam 2. public void publish(StockPrice price) { try { topicPublisher. } catch (Exception ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex). you need to set one or both of queueConnection.3.2. @In private TopicSession topicSession.xml.properties.createObjectMessage(payment) ). 18. Receiving messages using a message-driven bean You can process messages using any EJB3 message driven bean.4.2. web.send( queueSession.0.publish( topicSession.0.queueConnectionFactoryJndiName and topicConnection.2.2.xml to install Seam managed TopicPublishers and QueueSenders: <jms:managed-topic-publisher name="stockTickerPublisher" auto-create="true" topic-jndi-name="topic/stockTickerTopic"/> <jms:managed-queue-sender name="paymentQueueSender" auto-create="true" queue-jndi-name="queue/paymentQueue"/> 18.createObjectMessage(price) ). } catch (Exception ex) { throw new RuntimeException(ex). } } 18.xml or components.CR2 195 . Message-driven beans may even be Seam components. @In private QueueSession queueSession. You also need to list topics and queues in components.
Remoting. JBoss Seam 2.0. This is described in Chapter 21.CR2 196 .Asynchronicity and messaging Seam Remoting lets you subscribe to a JMS topic from client-side JavaScript.0.
This is super-important. Your ORM solution (Hibernate. Of course. It makes most sense for data which is shared between many users. or as the page fragment cache.CR2 197 . sharing the database is the primary problem with scaling a multi-user application—so the claim that this architecture is highly scalable is absurd. This cache tends to have a pretty high hitrate! Seam optimizes the replication of Seam-managed persistence contexts in a clustered environment. but is often misused. via the <s:cache> control. the database is the primary bottleneck. or set appropriate expiration policies. and is updated rarely. or some other JPA implementation) has a second-level cache of data from the database. The Seam conversation context is a cache of conversational state. • • • • • • For more information about the second-level cache. Almost anything we can possibly do to share the database less often is worth doing. State kept in the application context is of course not visible to other nodes in the cluster. In particular. Unlike the ORM second-level cache. the Seam-managed persistence context (or an extended EJB container-managed persistence context associated with a conversation-scoped stateful session bean) acts as a cache of data that has been read in the current conversation. this cache is not automatically invalidated when data changes. Components you put into the conversation context can hold and cache state relating to the current user interaction. A well designed Seam application will feature a rich. The application can cache transactional state using the Seam pojoCache component. of course. you'll need to refer to the documentation of your ORM solution. is quite expensive. not just one cache. Caching In almost all enterprise applications. I don't know of many interesting multi-user applications which can be implemented with no sharing of resources between different nodes of the cluster.0. In a clustered environment. This state will be visible to other nodes if you run JBoss cache in a clustered mode. Finally. This calls for a cache. and tells you a lot about the kind of applications that these folks spend most of their time working on. multilayered caching strategy that impacts every layer of the application: • The database. While that may be literally true. The application can cache non-transactional state in the Seam application context. has its own cache. JBoss Seam 2. and there is no requirement for transactional consistency with the database (optimistic locking is sufficient) so you don't need to worry too much about the performance implications of this cache. but can't scale like a cache in the application tier. This is always bad. and with the database. and the least scalable tier of the runtime environment. via the pojoCache component. In this section we'll discuss the use of JBossCache directly. and is especially wrong in Seam. so you need to write application code to perform explicit invalidation. What these silly people are really thinking of is a "share nothing except for the database" architecture. Seam lets you cache rendered fragments of a JSF page. keeping the data in the cache transactionally consistent across the whole cluster. unless you read thousands of objects into a single persistence context. In traditional stateless architectures. which integrates JBossCache into the Seam environment. This is a very powerful capability.Chapter 19. People from a PHP/Ruby environment will try to tell you that so-called "shared nothing" architectures scale well. people often try to use the second-level cache for conversational state. since this is an extremely complex topic. Well.0.
userList). } userList. Please refer to the JBossCache documentation for more information. pojoCache. "userList"). Using JBossCache in Seam The built-in pojoCache component manages an instance of org. public void join(String username) { try { Set<String> userList = (Set<String>) pojoCache. <s:cache> uses pojoCache internally. so you need to follow the steps listed above before you can use it.aop. use components.) is used for caching some rendered content which changes rarely. Now you can inject the cache into any Seam component: @Name("chatroom") public class Chatroom { @In PojoCache pojoCache.PojoCache. If you want to keep mutable objects in the cache.put("chatroom". and provide a resource named treecache. (Put the jars in the EAR.0. if (userList==null) { userList = new HashSet<String>(). For an EAR depoyment of Seam. } } } If you want to have multiple JBossCache configurations in your application. Make sure you declare the jars in application. } catch (CacheException ce) { throw new RuntimeException(ce).0. Seam's solution to the problem of page fragment caching in JSF.CR2 198 . the welcome page of our blog displays the recent blog entries: <s:cache> <s:cache key="recentEntries-#{blog. For example.xml with an appropriate cache configuration.Caching 19. JBossCache has many scary and confusing configuration settings.1.cache. "userList". you'll need to run the JBossCache bytecode preprocessor to ensure that changes to the objects will be automatically detected and replicated.title}</h3> <div> <s:formattedText value="#{blogEntry. You can safely put any immutable Java object in the cache.recentEntries}" var="blogEntry"> <h:column> <h3>#{blogEntry. To use pojoCache.jboss. we recommend that the JBossCache jars and configuration go directly into the EAR.xml"/> 19. etc.get("chatroom". wade through the scary configuration options. all you need to do is put the JBossCache jars in the classpath.id}" region="welcomePageFragments"> <h:dataTable value="#{blog. so we won't discuss them here. Page fragment caching The most interesting user of JBossCache is the <s:cache> tag.xml: <core:pojo-cache name="myCache" cfg-resource-name="myown/cache.xml. and it will be replicated across the cluster (assuming that replication is enabled).2.put(username).body}"/> </div> JBoss Seam 2.
pojoCache.. you could set a short expiry time on the JbossCache node. if it is not critical that changes are immediately visible to the user. The region determines the JBossCache node that all version will be stored in.0. So you need to evict the cached fragment manually: public void post() { . there is one cached version per blog.persist(blogEntry). In this case. the big problem with <s:cache> is that it is too stupid to know when the underlying data changes (for example.0.getId() ).) Of course. } Alternatively. when the blogger posts a new entry).CR2 199 .remove("welcomePageFragments".. "recentEntries-" + blog. Different nodes may have different expiry policies. (That's the stuff you set up using the aforementioned scary configuration options.Caching </h:column> </h:dataTable> </s:cache> The key let's you have multiple cached versions of each page fragment. entityManager. JBoss Seam 2.
org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:seam="http://seambay.xsd"> <endpoint-config> <config-name>Seam WebService Endpoint</config-name> <pre-handler-chains> <javaee:handler-chain> <javaee:protocol-bindings>##SOAP11_HTTP</javaee:protocol-bindings> <javaee:handler> <javaee:handler-name>SOAP Request Handler</javaee:handler-name> <javaee:handler-class>org.org/"> <soapenv:Header> <seam:conversationId xmlns:seam='http://www. including support for conversational web services.jboss.0. Conversational Web Services So how are conversations propagated between web service requests? Seam uses a SOAP header element present in both the SOAP request and response messages to carry the conversation ID from the consumer to the service.Chapter 20.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:jboss:jaxws-config:2. in this case 2.0 jaxws-config_2_0. it is up to the developer to implement conversation ID propagation between individual web services that are intended to be used within the scope of a single conversation.0. Here's an example of a web service request that contains a conversation ID: <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.webservice.xml into the META-INF directory of the jar file that contains the web service classes.SOAPRequestHandler</javaee:handler-clas </javaee:handler> </javaee:handler-chain> </pre-handler-chains> </endpoint-config> </jaxws-config> 20. is to place a file called standard-jaxws-endpoint-config. 20. and back again. Unfortunately.jboss. a special SOAP handler must be configured.seam.sun.org/seam/webservice'>2</seam:conversationId> </soapenv:Header> <soapenv:Body> <seam:confirmAuction/> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope> As you can see in the above SOAP message.CR2 200 .xmlsoap. because web services may be consumed by a variety of web service clients written in a variety of languages. Web Services Seam integrates with JBossWS to allow standard JEE web services to take full advantage of Seam's contextual framework. Configuration and Packaging To allow Seam to intercept web service requests so that the necessary Seam contexts can be created for the request.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.1.webservice. there is a conversationId element within the SOAP header that contains the conversation ID for the request.jboss. The easiest way to configure a project to use this handler.seam. JBoss Seam 2.SOAPRequestHandler is a SOAPHandler implementation that does the work of managing Seam's lifecycle during the scope of a web service request. org.jboss.example.2.w3. This chapter walks through the steps required to allow web services to run within a Seam environment.seam.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:javaee="http://java. This file contains the following SOAP handler configuration: <jaxws-config xmlns="urn:jboss:jaxws-config:2.
If the web service is written as a stateless session bean.seam.Web Services An important thing to note is that the conversationId header element must be qualified with a namespace of http://www. and follows the recommended strategy as described in the previous section.2.1.0. then it is also possible to make it a Seam component by giving it a @Name. Let's first take a look at the web service class and one of its web service methods: @Stateless @WebService(name = "AuctionService".CR2 201 . otherwise Seam will not be able to read the conversation ID from the request.xmlsoap. the response message contains the same conversationId element as the request. An example web service Let's walk through an example web service. 20.jboss. String password) JBoss Seam 2.org/soap/envelope/'> <env:Header> <seam:conversationId xmlns:seam='http://www. it is recommended that for conversational web services.org/seam/webservice'>2</seam:conversationId> </env:Header> <env:Body> <confirmAuctionResponse xmlns="http://seambay.3. The code in this section all comes from the seamBay example application in Seam's /examples directory. A Recommended Strategy As web services must be implemented as either a stateless session bean or POJO. 20.org/"/> </env:Body> </env:Envelope> As you can see. the web service acts as a facade to a conversational Seam component.org/seam/webservice. Here's an example of a response to the above request message: <env:Envelope xmlns:env='http://schemas. serviceName = "AuctionService") public class AuctionService implements AuctionServiceRemote { @WebMethod public boolean login(String username.example.jboss.0. Doing this allows Seam's bijection (and other) features to be used in the web service class itself.jboss.
auction.setDetails(title. true). The @WebService annotation tells the container that this class implements a web service. and the @WebMethod annotation on the login() method identifies the method as a web service method. } // snip } As you can see.setUsername(username). int categoryId) { AuctionAction action = (AuctionAction) Component. and is annotated using the JWS annotations from the javax. the web service is written as a simple facade. categoryId). passing off the real work to a Seam component.0. JBoss Seam 2. In keeping with our recommended strategy.login(). action. The name and serviceName attributes in the @WebService annotation are optional.setPassword(password).setStatus(Auction.jws package.CR2 202 . return Identity. description. auction.createAuction() method: @WebMethod public void createAuction(String title.instance().isLoggedIn(). String description. the AuctionServiceRemote interface must declare the login() method as it is annotated as a @WebMethod. Identity. the web service implements a login() method that delegates to Seam's builtin Identity component. each method that is to be exposed as a web service method must also be declared in the remote interface of the web service class (when the web service is a stateless session bean). This web service method begins a new conversation by delegating to the AuctionAction.instance(). As you can see in the above code.instance(). action. Identity. our web service is a stateless session bean. } And here's the code from AuctionAction: @Begin public void createAuction() { auction = new Auction(). by acting as a facade and delegating the real work to a conversational Seam component. In the above example. Let's look at another example. } From this we can see how web services can participate in long running conversations.createAuction().instance(). This allows for the greatest reuse of business logic between web services and other clients.getInstance(AuctionAction.0. as defined by JSR-181.setAccount(authenticatedAccount). As is required by the specification. durationDays = DEFAULT_AUCTION_DURATION.STATUS_UNLISTED).Web Services { Identity.class.
is invoke the sayHello method of our component.Component. @Column public Integer getCustomerId() { return customerId.getInstance("helloAction") returns a proxy.0. The two main methods. Take the following Seam entity component for example: @Name("customer") @Entity public class Customer implements Serializable { private Integer customerId. instead it tells the Seam Remoting framework that once it receives the response to our request. } @Column public String getFirstName() { return firstName. Seam.Component.Remoting see from the Javascript code listing that we have implemented two methods . The object returned by this method will have the same getter/setter methods as its server-side counterpart. passing in name as a parameter. We can invoke the methods of our component against this stub.CR2 205 .2. and getInstance() will return a singleton instance. sayHelloCallback). } public void setLastName(String lastName) { JBoss Seam 2. What this line of code in its completeness does.Component The Seam. sayHelloCallback isn't a parameter of our component's sayHello method..customerId = customerId. sayHelloCallback).newInstance() Use this method to create a new instance of an entity or Javabean component.2.0. This callback parameter is entirely optional.the first method is responsible for prompting the user for their name and then making a remote request. The sayHelloCallback method.Component. or alternatively if you wish you can access its fields directly. Seam. it should pass it to the sayHelloCallback Javascript method. } @Column public String getLastName() { return lastName. which is exactly what happens with the remainder of the line: sayHello(name. so feel free to leave it out if you're calling a method with a void return type or if you don't care about the result.Component Javascript object provides a number of client-side methods for working with your Seam components.getInstance("helloAction"). Take a look at the following line: Seam. 21. } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this. or "stub" for our helloAction component. } public void setCustomerId(Integer customerId} { this. private String firstName. Seam.sayHello(name.firstName = firstName. The first section of this line. The second parameter. private String lastName. once receiving the response to our remote request then pops up an alert message displaying the result of our method call. newInstance() and getInstance() are documented in the following sections however their main difference is that newInstance() will always create a new instance of a component type.
CR2 206 . This method returns a singleton for the specified component. you may need to create these types on the client side to pass as parameters into your component method. if we have created a new customer and we now wish to save it. To continue our example from before. which can then be used to remotely execute methods against your component. we would pass it to the saveCustomer() method of our customerAction component: Seam.Remoting.Remoting.getComponentName(instance) == "customer") alert("Customer"). Seam. or null if it is not.MyWidget").saveCustomer(customer).Component.2.getInstance("customerAction").setFirstName("John"). so calling it twice in a row with the same component name will return the same instance of the component.createType() If your application contains or uses Javabean classes that aren't Seam components. While you shouldn't need to directly call most of its methods.Component. Use the createType() method to create an instance of your type.0.getComponentName(instance) == "staff") alert("Staff member"). if (Seam.3.Component. It will return the name of the type for an object instance. there are a couple of important ones worth mentioning.widgets.0.getTypeName() This method is the equivalent of Seam.lastName = lastName.Remoting.acme.getInstance() The getInstance() method is used to get a reference to a Seam session bean component stub. JBoss Seam 2.newInstance("customer").createType("com. // Or you can set the fields directly customer.Remoting this. Then from here you can set the fields of the customer object: customer. or null if the type is not known.Component. Pass in the fully qualified Java class name as a parameter: var widget = Seam.Component.Component. 21. Seam. Seam.getComponentName() Passing an object into this method will return its component name if it is a component. Seam.Remoting object.getComponentName() but for non-component types. Seam. } } To create a client-side Customer you would write the following code: var customer = Seam.Remoting Most of the client side functionality for Seam Remoting is contained within the Seam.Component. The name is the fully qualified name of the type's Java class. else if (Seam.lastName = "Smith".
Component.0. MyWidget needs to be explicitly imported: <script type="text/javascript" src="seam/resource/remoting/interface. Take the following component as an example: @Name("paintAction") public class paintAction implements paintLocal { public enum Color {red. JavaBeans In general these will be either Seam entity or JavaBean components. enums are treated the same as Strings. Use the appropriate method (either Seam.sql.Remoting. Boolean Booleans are represented client side by Javascript Boolean values. purple}. blue. such as: @Name("myAction") public class MyAction implements MyActionLocal { public void doSomethingWithObject(Object obj) { // code } } In this case you might want to pass in an instance of your myWidget component.doSomethingWithObject(). orange. 21.0. Dates and Times Date values are serialized into a String representation that is accurate to the millisecond. such as java.Date (or descendent.7. simply use the String representation of the enum. number values are always serialized as their String representation and then on the server side they are converted to the correct destination type.createType() for everything else) to create a new instance of the object. use a Javascript Date object to work with date values. which can then be passed to myAction. or some other non-component class. Long and Short types. To get around this.util.3. On the server side.7. public void paint(Color color) { // code } JBoss Seam 2. It is important to note that only objects that are created by either of these two methods should be used as parameter values. and server side by a Java boolean. yellow. Integer. On the client side. 21.sql. Float.7.js?myAction&myWidget"></s This will then allow a myWidget object to be created with Seam. In some situations you may have a component method where the exact parameter type cannot be determined.newInstance("myWidget"). On the client side.Component.2. 21. Conversion into either a primitive or wrapper type is supported for Byte. however the interface for myAction won't include myWidget as it is not directly referenced by any of its methods.Remoting There is support for all number types supported by Java. green.Date or java. where the parameter is not one of the other valid types mentioned anywhere else in this section.CR2 209 . When setting the value for an enum parameter.Timestamp class.newInstance() for Seam components or Seam.4. use any java. Enums On the client side. Double.
CR2 211 . all of these referenced objects are also serialized as part of the response.0. If left unchecked. Hiding the loading message To completely suppress the display of the loading message. JBoss Seam 2.3. set the value of Seam.e. which may reference other objects.1. A Custom Loading Indicator It is also possible to override the loading indicator to display an animated icon..Remoting. This response is then unmarshaled by the client into a Javascript object.0.Remoting customised or even turned off completely.loadingMessage: Seam. or anything else that you want.displayLoadingMessage = function() {}. and so forth. you might also wish to prevent sensitive information from being exposed to the client." to something different.9.hideLoadingMessage = function() { // Write code here to hide the indicator }. Changing the message To change the message from the default "Please Wait. Controlling what data is returned When a remote method is executed.10.. override the implementation of displayLoadingMessage() and hideLoadingMessage() with functions that instead do nothing: // don't display the loading indicator Seam.2. the objects in the result's object graph that match these paths are excluded from the serialized result packet.Remoting. Javabeans) that include references to other objects. depending on what relationships exist between your objects.". 21. And as a side issue (besides the potential verbosity of the response).. Seam Remoting provides a simple means to "constrain" the object graph. For all our examples. Seam.9. These objects may reference other objects.Remoting.9. the result is serialized into an XML response that is returned to the client. When invoking a remote method. by specifying the exclude field of the remote method's @WebRemote annotation.Remoting. 21. 21.Remoting. Seam.. this object "graph" could potentially be enormous.Remoting. This field accepts a String array containing one or more paths specified using dot notation. To do this override the displayLoadingMessage() and hideLoadingMessage() messages with your own implementation: Seam. For complex types (i. we'll use the following Widget class: @Name("widget") public class Widget { private String value. 21.hideLoadingMessage = function() {}.displayLoadingMessage = function() { // Write code here to display the indicator }.loadingMessage = "Loading.
Set. notice that the Widget value that is returned has a field child that is also a Widget.0. // getters and setters for all fields } 21. but you don't want to expose the secret field because it contains sensitive information. Map<String.secret"}) public Widget getWidget().CR2 212 . Appending [key] after the Map's field name will constrain the Map's key object values. 21. and are treated like any other field.0. etc).10. The following example demonstrates how the values of the widgetMap field have their secret field constrained: @WebRemote(exclude = {"widgetMap[value]. Now. Constraining Maps and Collections The other place that objects can exist within an object graph are within a Map or some kind of collection (List.Widget> widgetMap. Combining Constraints JBoss Seam 2.3. Collections are easy. 21. For example.4. List<Widget> widgetList.10. suppose that we don't care about exposing this particular field to the client. while [value] will constrain the value object values.secret"}) public Widget getWidget(). if our Widget contained a list of other Widgets in its widgetList field.10.secret"}) public Widget getWidget(). to constrain the secret field of the Widgets in this list the annotation would look like this: @WebRemote(exclude = {"widgetList. Constraining objects of a specific type There is one last notation that can be used to constrain the fields of a type of object no matter where in the result's object graph it appears.10.1. The value "secret" refers to the secret field of the returned object. Array.2. To constrain a Map's key or value. Widget child.secret"}) public Widget getWidget().Remoting private private private private String secret. What if we want to hide the child's secret value instead? We can do this by using dot notation to specify this field's path within the result's object graph: @WebRemote(exclude = {"child. This notation uses either the name of the component (if the object is a Seam component) or the fully qualified class name (only if the object is not a Seam component) and is expressed using square brackets: @WebRemote(exclude = {"[widget]. the notation is slightly different. Constraining normal fields If your remote method returns an instance of Widget. Instead. you would constrain it like this: @WebRemote(exclude = {"secret"}) public Widget getWidget(). 21.
subscriptionCallback).11.0.allowedTopics in seam. 21. Unsubscribing from a Topic To unsubscribe from a topic.subscribe() method accepts two parameters.remoting. The Seam. the first being the name of the JMS Topic to subscribe to. There are two types of messages supported.Remoting Constraints can also be combined.secret".xml. If you need to test for the type of message that is passed to your callback function you can use the instanceof operator to test whether the message is a Seam. } Seam. Text messages and Object messages. web. Configuration Before you can subscribe to a JMS topic. but please note that this may change in the future.2. <remoting:remoting poll-timeout="5" poll-interval="1"/> 21. 21.ObjectMessage. JBoss Seam 2.3.Remoting.xml or components.Remoting.0.11. JMS Messaging Seam Remoting provides experimental support for JMS Messaging.Remoting.properties.getText()).11. Subscribing to a JMS Topic The following example demonstrates how to subscribe to a JMS Topic: function subscriptionCallback(message) { if (message instanceof Seam.Remoting. "widgetMap[value].pollInterval.Remoting. call Seam.subscribe("topicName".seam.unsubscribe("topicName").1. to filter objects from multiple paths within the object graph: @WebRemote(exclude = {"widgetList. This section describes the JMS support that is currently implemented.CR2 213 . The first one is Seam.Remoting. while an ObjectMessage contains its object value in its value field (or call its getValue() method). Tuning the Polling Process There are two parameters which you can modify to control how polling occurs.messaging.Remoting.4. the second being the callback function to invoke when a message is received. you must first configure a list of the topics that can be subscribed to by Seam Remoting. It is currently not recommended that this feature is used within a production environment.secret"}) public Widget getWidget(). 21. A TextMessage contains the text value in its text field (or alternatively call getText() on it).Remoting.unsubscribe() and pass in the topic name: Seam.11.11.subscriptionRegistry.jboss. List the topics under org.TextMessage) alert("Received message: " + message.TextMessage or Seam. which controls how long to wait between subsequent polls for new messages. 21.
xml: <remoting:remoting poll-timeout="5" poll-interval="1"/> Via JavaScript: // Only wait 1 second between receiving a poll response and sending the next poll request.xml. It controls how long a request to the server should wait for a new message before timing out and sending an empty response.0. Its default is 0 seconds.pollTimeout = 5. If many such requests are being served simultaneously. You should set these parameters to suitable values for your application: Via components. Seam. if there are no messages ready for delivery then an empty response will be immediately returned. which means that when the server is polled. however they can be overridden via Javascript if desired.Remoting. It is recommended that you set these options via components.pollInterval = 1. Caution should be used when setting a high pollTimeout value. each request that has to wait for a message means that a server thread is tied up until a message is received. or until the request times out. JBoss Seam 2. and its default setting is 10.Remoting. The second parameter is Seam. and is also expressed as seconds.Remoting This parameter is expressed in seconds.CR2 214 . it could mean a large number of threads become tied up because of this reason.Remoting.pollTimeout. The following example demonstrates how to configure the polling to occur much more aggressively.0. // Wait up to 5 seconds on the server for new messages Seam.
} The asynchronous interface should be identical. Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications for details. will be implemented by GWT and should never be implemented directly. in this example MyServiceAsync.remoting.2. To use GWT.example.0. Its the real question that you seek now.".gwt. " + "but its always good to double check. Seam provides an integration layer that allows GWT widgets to interact directly with Seam components. } } JBoss Seam 2.1. The next step. } The asynchronous interface.com/webtoolkit/. } return "42. Configuration There is no special configuration required to use GWT in a Seam application.seam.gwt. See Chapter 25.").0.client.client.google. This chapter does not attempt to explain how GWT works or how to use it. 22.google.isValid(q).more information can be found at http://code.MyService") public class ServiceImpl implements MyService { @WebRemote public String askIt(String question) { if (!validate(question)) { throw new IllegalStateException("Hey.CR2 215 . except that it also contains an additional AsyncCallback parameter for each of the methods it declares: public interface MyServiceAsync extends RemoteService { public void askIt(String question. is to create both synchronous and asynchronous service interfaces for the methods you wish to call. AsyncCallback callback). this shouldn't happen. Seam and the Google Web Toolkit For those that prefer to use the Google Web Toolkit (GWT) to develop dynamic AJAX applications. we assume that you are already familiar with the GWT tools . return util.rpc.RemoteService: public interface MyService extends RemoteService { public String askIt(String question). } public boolean validate(String q) { ValidationUtility util = new ValidationUtility().jboss. is to create a Seam component that implements the synchronous interface: @Name("org. Preparing your component The first step in preparing a Seam component to be called via GWT. 22.Chapter 22. Both of these interfaces should extend the GWT interface com. I checked on the client.user. however the Seam resource servlet must be installed.
final TextBox box = new TextBox().class).getMessage()).setText("What is the meaning of life?").getText()).isValid(box.alert(t.add(ok). which is required for all web-remoteable methods.setServiceEntryPoint(endpointURL). public AskQuestionWidget() { Label lbl = new Label("OK. ((ServiceDefTarget) svc).create(MyService. Hooking up a GWT widget to the Seam component The next step. The following example creates a simple user interface with a label.CR2 216 .getModuleBaseURL() + "seam/resource/gwt".getText())) { Window. new AsyncCallback() { public void onFailure(Throwable t) { Window. } private void askServer(String text) { getService(). panel.alert("A question has to end with a '?'").Seam and the Google Web Toolkit The methods that should be made accessible via GWT need to be annotated with the @WebRemote annotation. Button ok = new Button("Ask"). 22. what do you want to know?").0. return svc. is to write a method that returns the asynchronous interface to the component.addClickListener(new ClickListener() { public void onClick(Widget w) { ValidationUtility valid = new ValidationUtility().askIt(text.0. } The final step is to write the widget code that invokes the method on the client stub. box. MyServiceAsync svc = (MyServiceAsync) GWT. text input and a button: public class AskQuestionWidget extends Composite { private AbsolutePanel panel = new AbsolutePanel().3. if (!valid. panel. panel. } public void onSuccess(Object data) { JBoss Seam 2. and will be used by the widget to obtain a reference to the asynchronous client stub: private MyServiceAsync getService() { String endpointURL = GWT. ok. } } }).add(box). initWidget(panel). } else { askServer(box.add(lbl). This method can be located inside the widget class.
we are doing this deliberately to keep the URL short --> <delete> <fileset dir="view"/> </delete> <gwt:compile outDir="build/gwt" gwtHome="${gwt.0. you will need to have the ant task jar in your ant classpath. There is an ant utility which can be used instead of the command line or GUI utility that GWT provides. The result (or error message if the call fails) is shown in an alert window. we are "re homing" the gwt generated stuff.gwttasks" resource="de/samaflost/gwttasks/antlib.module..module. } .Seam and the Google Web Toolkit Window. 22./lib/gwttasks. GWT Ant Targets For deployment of GWT apps.properties file. which has the contents: gwt.CR2 217 .name}"/> JBoss Seam 2. as well as GWT downloaded (which you will need for hosted mode anyway). so in this case we can only have one GWT module .name}" sourceclasspath="src"/> <copy todir="view"> <fileset dir="build/gwt/${gwt. Then.home=/gwt_home_dir This of course should point to the directory where GWT is installed.0. you will of course need to download GWT seperately --> <target name="gwt-compile"> <!-. place (near the top of your ant file): <taskdef uri="antlib:de. in your ant file. Then to use it. create a target: <!-.samaflost. the button invokes the askServer() method passing the contents of the input text (in this example.properties"/> Create a build.jar"/> <property file="build. When clicked. The askServer() method acquires a reference to the asynchronous client stub (returned by the getService() method) and invokes the askIt() method.in this case. To use GWT.. To use this.home}" classBase="${gwt.4. there is a compile-to-Javascript step (which compacts and obfuscates the code). validation is also performed to ensure that the input is a valid question). } }).alert((String) data).xml" classpath=". The complete code for this example can be found in the Seam distribution in the examples/remoting/gwt directory.the following are are handy utilities for doing GWT development.
0.springframework.Chapter 23.com/products/seam/spring-seam http://jboss.xsd http://jboss. the Seam namespace must be added to the Spring beans definition file: <beans xmlns="http://www.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0. To enable the Seam namespace handler.org/schema/beans" xmlns:seam="http://jboss.0. Spring Framework integration The Spring integration module allows easy migration of Spring-based projects to Seam and allows Spring applications to take advantage of key Seam features like conversations and Seam's more sophisticated persistence context management.com/products/seam/spring-seam-2. Seam's support for Spring provides the ability to: • • • • • • • inject Seam component instances into Spring beans inject Spring beans into Seam components turn Spring beans into Seam components allow Spring beans to live in any Seam context start a spring WebApplicationContext with a Seam component Support for Spring PlatformTransactionManagement provides a Seam managed replacement for Spring's OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter and OpenSessionInViewFilter • Support for Spring TaskExecutors to back @Asynchronous calls 23.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.w3.com/products/seam/spring-seam" xmlns:xsi="http://www.1.CR2 219 .xsd"> Now any Seam component may be injected into any Spring bean: <bean id="someSpringBean" class="SomeSpringBeanClass" scope="prototype"> <property name="someProperty"> <seam:instance name="someComponent"/> </property> </bean> An EL expression may be used instead of a component name: <bean id="someSpringBean" class="SomeSpringBeanClass" scope="prototype"> <property name="someProperty"> <seam:instance name="#{someExpression}"/> </property> </bean> Seam component instances may even be made available for injection into Spring beans by a Spring bean id. JBoss Seam 2. Injecting Seam components into Spring beans Injecting Seam component instances into Spring beans is accomplished using the <seam:instance/> namespace handler.0.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.
CR2 220 .2. there are two possible approaches: • • inject a Spring bean using an EL expression make the Spring bean a Seam component We'll discuss the second option in the next section. <seam:instance id="seamManagedEM" name="someManagedEMComponent" proxy="true"/> <bean id="someSpringBean" class="SomeSpringBeanClass"> <property name="entityManager" ref="seamManagedEM"> </bean> This example shows one way to use a Seam-managed persistence context from a Spring bean. Seam bijection ensures that scope impedance is maintained naturally as an invocation flows through the system. Injecting Spring beans into Seam components It is even easier to inject Spring beans into Seam component instances. and resolve the reference when the proxy is invoked. Unlike Seam bijection. we need to inject a proxy of the Seam component.Spring Framework integration <seam:instance name="someComponent" id="someSeamComponentInstance"/> <bean id="someSpringBean" class="SomeSpringBeanClass" scope="prototype"> <property name="someProperty" ref="someSeamComponentInstance"> </bean> Now for the caveat! Seam was designed from the ground up to support a stateful component model with multiple contexts. So the instance available when the bean is instantiated will be the same instance that the bean uses for the entire life of the bean. that singleton will hold a reference to the same instance long after the conversation is over! We call this problem scope impedance.0. Instead. The easiest approach is to access the Spring beans via EL. The <seam:instance/> tag lets us automatically proxy the Seam component. In Spring. For example. Spring was not. Spring injection does not occur at method invocation time.springframework.DelegatingVariableResolver </variable-resolver> </application> Then you can inject Spring beans using @In: @In("#{bookingService}") private BookingService bookingService.web.0. The Spring DelegatingVariableResolver is an integration point Spring provides for integrating Spring with JSF. You'll need to add the DelegatingVariableResolver to faces-config. (For a more robust way to use Seam-managed persistence contexts as a replacement for the Spring OpenEntityManagerInView filter see section on Using a Seam Managed Persistence Context in Spring) 23. This VariableResolver makes all Spring beans available in EL by their bean id. injection happens only when the Spring bean is instantiated. if a Seam CONVERSATIONscoped component instance is directly injected into a singleton Spring bean. Actually. JBoss Seam 2.jsf.xml: <application> <variable-resolver> org.
Making a Spring bean into a Seam component The <seam:component/> namespace handler can be used to make any Spring bean a Seam component. <!-. This lets you declare any Spring bean in any of Seam's contexts. so this attribute is not usually needed. Pre-existing Spring beans usually have a fundamentally stateless character. Just place the <seam:component/> tag within the declaration of the bean that you wish to be a Seam component: <bean id="someSpringBean" class="SomeSpringBeanClass" scope="prototype"> <seam:component/> </bean> By default.CONVERSATION"/> The prefix of the scope name may be changed by specifying the prefix attribute in the configure-scopes definition.3. Seam-scoped Spring beans are not compatible with <aop:scoped-proxy/>.CR2 221 . and care must be taken when injecting a bean or component from a wider scope into a bean of a narrower scope. In such cases the class should be explicitly specified. The Spring bean must be scoped to prototype if the Seam scope specified is anything other than STATELESS. so please use this feature with great care. Occasionally. etc. <bean id="someSpringBean" class="SomeSpringBeanClass" scope="seam. However. (The default prefix is seam. However. specify the Seam scope in the scope attribute of the bean definition. 23. The scope attribute of <seam:component/> may be used if you wish the Spring bean to be managed in a particular Seam scope.CONVERSATION"/> . A Seam component name may be explicitly specified in cases where there is potential for a naming conflict.. note once again that Spring's component model was never architected to support statefulness. JBoss Seam 2. So if you need to inject a Seam-scoped Spring bean into a singleton. care must be taken to ensure scope impedance is maintained....4.Only needs to be specified once per bean factory--> <seam:configure-scopes/> . To associate a Spring bean with a particular Seam scope. Spring beans may be used anywhere that EL expressions are used in Seam: process and pageflow definitions. <seam:instance/> must be used: <bean id="someSpringBean" class="SomeSpringBeanClass" scope="seam..Spring Framework integration The use of Spring beans in EL is not limited to injection. <seam:component/> will create a STATELESS Seam component with class and name provided in the bean definition. In particular.. the class of the Spring bean may not be the class appearing in the bean definition.0. such as when a FactoryBean is used. working memory assertions. 23. clustering of session or conversation scoped Spring beans is deeply problematic. all of the Seam scopes will be available to Spring beans as custom scopes.0 style custom scopes. The normal approach used in Spring is to specify <aop:scoped-proxy/> in the bean definition. However.0. By specifying <seam:configure-scopes/> once in a Spring bean factory configuration.) Seam-scoped Spring beans defined this way can be injected into other Spring beans without the use of <seam:instance/>. Seam-scoped Spring beans The Seam integration package also lets you use Seam's contexts as Spring 2.
org/spring/docs/2.0.jboss. JDO. PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.html].g.0. asynchronous quartz job) allows for using Seam managed persistence contexts with Spring managed transactions (will need to flush the persistence context manually) • Spring's persistence context propagation model allows only one open EntityManager per EntityManagerFactory so the Seam integration works by wrapping an EntityManagerFactory around a Seam managed persistence context.g. Spring transaction management exposes support for many advanced features such as nested transactions and supports full Java EE transaction propagation rules like REQUIRES_NEW and NOT_SUPPORTED. it would be nice if Spring developers could have access to a Seam managed persistence context using all of the same tools Spring provides for integration with JPA(e.) Seam provides a way for Spring to access a Seam managed persistence context with Spring's provided JPA tools bringing conversation scoped persistence context capabilities to Spring applications. JpaTemplate. To configure Seam to use Spring transactions enable the SpringTransaction component like so: <spring:spring-transaction platform-transaction-manager="#{transactionManager} The spring:spring-transaction component will utilize Springs transaction synchronization capabilities for synchronization callbacks. etc.springframework. Hibernate. 23.Spring Framework integration <bean id="someSingleton"> <property name="someSeamScopedSpringBean"> <seam:instance name="someSpringBean" proxy="true"/> </property> </bean> 23.SeamManagedEntityManagerFactoryBe <property name="persistenceContextName" value="entityManager"/> JBoss Seam 2. This eliminates many of the problems associated with the detachment and re-attachment of entities as well as mitigates occurrences of the dreaded LazyInitializationException. For more information see the spring documentation here [http://static.seam.spring.x/reference/transaction. Spring does not provide a way to manage an persistence context beyond the scope of a single web request (OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter). Using Spring PlatformTransactionManagement Spring provides an extensible transaction management abstraction with support for many transaction APIs (JPA.5. <bean id="seamEntityManagerFactory" class="org. Using a Seam Managed Persistence Context in Spring One of the most powerful features of Seam is its conversation scope and the ability to have an EntityManager open for the life of a conversation. So.6.0. This integration work provides the following functionality: • • transparent access to a Seam managed persistence context using Spring provided tools access to Seam conversation scoped persistence contexts in a non web request (e. and JTA) Spring also provides tight integrations with many application server TransactionManagers such as Websphere and Weblogic.CR2 222 .ioc.
springframework.springframework.orm.ioc. So.jboss.jboss.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="bookingDatabase"/> </bean> <bean id="seamEntityManagerFactory" class="org.0.jpa.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"> <property name="defaultPersistenceUnitName" value="bookingDatabase:extended"/> </bean> The component.SeamManagedEntityManagerFactoryBe <property name="persistenceContextName" value="entityManager"/> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="bookingDatabase:extended"/> </bean> <bean class="org. JpaTemplate <bean id="bookingService" class="org.jboss. If you wish to provide a different unitName you can do so by providing a persistenceUnitName like so: <bean id="seamEntityManagerFactory" class="org.xml might look like: <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="entityManager" auto-create="true" entity-manager-factory="#{entityManagerFactory}"/> and JpaDaoSupport are configured the same way for a Seam managed persistence context as they would be fore a Seam managed persistence context.spring.seam.0. This integration is very similar to the JPA integration.orm. <bean class="org.Spring Framework integration </bean> Where 'persistenceContextName' is the name of the Seam managed persistence context component.seam. Using a Seam Managed Hibernate Session in Spring The Seam Spring integration also provides support for complete access to a Seam managed Hibernate session using spring's tools. the Seam Session integration works by wrapping a proxy SessionFactory around a Seam managed Hibernate session context.7.seam. For example. The applicationContext.example.jpa.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/> If you define your real EntityManagerFactory in Spring but wish to use a Seam managed persistence context you can tell the PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor which persistenctUnitName you wish to use by default by specifying the defaultPersistenceUnitName property.spring.seam.support.BookingService"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="seamEntityManagerFactory"/> </bean> 23.jpa.support.jboss. using Spring's PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor is the exact same as before.springframework.SeamManagedSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="sessionName" value="hibernateSession"/> </bean> JBoss Seam 2.spring.orm.ioc. <bean id="seamSessionFactory" class="org.SeamManagedEntityManagerFactoryBe <property name="persistenceContextName" value="entityManager"/> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="bookingDatabase:extended"/> </bean> This EntityManagerFactory can then be used in any Spring provided tools. By default this EntityManagerFactory has a unitName equal to the Seam component name or in this case 'entityManager'.CR2 223 .spring.ioc.xml might look like: <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org. Like Spring's JPA integration spring's propagation model allows only one open EntityManager per EntityManagerFactory per transaction??? to be available to spring tools.
w3. <components xmlns="http://jboss. Spring Application Context as a Seam Component Although it is possible to use the Spring ContextLoaderListener to start your application's Spring ApplicationContext there are a couple of limitations.0.0.0.xsd http://jboss. The Spring Seam integration allows for the use of a Spring TaskExecutor for executing immediate @Asynchronous method calls.Install a ThreadPoolDispatcher to handle scheduled asynchronous event --> <core:thread-pool-dispatcher name="threadPoolDispatcher"/> <!-.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:spring="http://jboss.com/products/seam/components http://jboss.xml"/> </components> 23. • • the Spring ApplicationContext must be started after the SeamListener it can be tricky starting a Spring ApplicationContext for use in Seam unit and integration tests To overcome these two limitations the Spring integration includes a Seam component that will start a Spring ApplicationContext.xml. To use this Seam component place the <spring:context-loader/> definition in the components.CR2 224 .com/products/seam/spring http://jboss.getCurrentInstance() as long as you call getCurrentInstance() on the SeamManagedSessionFactory.xsd"> <spring:context-loader context-locations="/WEB-INF/applicationContext.com/products/seam/components-2.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.xml multi value practices. To enable this functionality install the SpringTaskExecutorDispatchor and provide a spring bean defined taskExecutor like so: <spring:task-executor-dispatcher task-executor="#{springThreadPoolTaskExecutor Because a Spring TaskExecutor does not support scheduling of an asynchronous event a fallback Seam Dispatcher can be provided to handle scheduled asynchronous event like so: <!-. This SessionFactory can then be used in any Spring provided tools.Spring Framework integration Where 'sessionName' is the name of the persistence:managed-hibernate-session component. 23.0.8.Install the SpringDispatcher as default --> <spring:task-executor-dispatcher task-executor="#{springThreadPoolTaskExecutor}" schedule-dispatcher=" JBoss Seam 2.com/products/seam/spring" xmlns:xsi="http://www. If more than one config file is needed you can place them in the nested <spring:config-locations/> element following standard components.com/products/seam/spring-2. The integration also provides support for calls to SessionFactory. Specify your Spring context file location in the config-locations attribute.9. Using a Spring TaskExecutor for @Asynchronous Spring provides an abstraction for executing code asynchronously called a TaskExecutor.
Chapter 24.hibernate.1. querying mismatch.use a file system based index --> <property name="hibernate.search.] <!-.FSDirectoryProvider"/> <!-.) Hibernate Search indexes your domain model thanks to a few annotations.indexBase" value="/Users/prod/apps/dvdstore/dvdindexes"/> <property name="hibernate..post-insert" value="org.search.hibernate.default.. If suffers several mismatches when dealing with an object domain model (keeping the index up to date.search.search.hibernate. mismatch between the index structure and the domain model. As a natural extension..x (embedded into JBoss AS 4.search.store.search.ejb.ejb.FullTextIndexEventListener"/> JBoss Seam 2..directory where the indexes will be stored --> <property name="hibernate.directory_provider" value="org. you also need to configure the appropriate event listeners. takes care of the database / index synchronization and brings you back regular managed objects from free text queries.post-update" value="org.use a file system based index --> <property name="hibernate.search. Here is a description of the minimal configuration to get started.event.default.GA).search.cfg.event.search.post-delete" value="org. Hibernate Search 24.] <!-.event.directory where the indexes will be stored --> <property name="hibernate.default. 24.2.FSDirectoryProvider"/> <!-.0.ejb.store. Hibernate Search is using Apache Lucene under the cover.default.FullTextIndexEventListener"/> <property name="hibernate.FullTextIndexEventListener"/> <property name="hibernate. <persistence-unit name="sample"> <jta-data-source>java:/DefaultDS</jta-data-source> <properties> [..0.2.directory_provider" value="org.indexBase" value="/Users/prod/apps/dvdstore/dvdindexes"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> If you plan to target Hibernate Annotations or EntityManager 3. Hibernate Search configuration has sensible defaults for most configuration parameters.CR2 225 . Configuration Hibernate Search is configured either in the META-INF/persistence.hibernate. <persistence-unit name="sample"> <jta-data-source>java:/DefaultDS</jta-data-source> <properties> [.event. Please refer to the Hibernate Search documentation [???] for information specific to the Hibernate Search project.xml or hibernate.xml file. Hibernate Search has been designed to integrates nicely and as naturally as possible with JPA and Hibernate..hibernate. Introduction Full text search engines like Apache Lucene™ are a very powerful technology to bring free text/efficient queries to applications. JBoss Seam provides an Hibernate Search integration.2.event.event.
@Name("search") public class FullTextSearchAction implements FullTextSearch.0. Hibernate Search is fully integrated with the API and semantic of JPA / Hibernate.apache.query.3.lucene.hibernate.hibernate.. Serializable JBoss Seam 2.Hibernate Search </properties> </persistence-unit> Note This step is no longer useful if Hibernate Annotation or EntityManager 3. The main API the application interacts with is the FullTextSession API (subclass of Hibernate's Session). don't forget to update application.list(). Switching from a HQL or Criteria based query requires just a few lines of code. Product..0.CR2 226 .3. searchResults = query . Serializable { @In FullTextSession session.setFirstResult(pageSize * currentPage) .hibernate.setMaxResults(pageSize + 1) .createFullTextQuery(luceneQuery. a smoother integration is proposed.org/hib_docs/search/reference/en/html_single/] for more informations.x are used. @Stateful @Name("search") public class FullTextSearchAction implements FullTextSearch.jar Note If you deploy those in a EAR. JBoss Seam injects a FullTextSession. } [.Query query session.Session so that it can be used as a regular Hibernate Ses- sion If the Java Persistence API is used.jar lucene-core.Query luceneQuery = getLuceneQuery(). In addition to the configuration file.xml 24. org. When Hibernate Search is present. the following jars have to be deployed: • • • hibernate-search. Usage Hibernate Search uses annotations to map entities to a Lucene index.jar hibernate-commons-annotations.class). check the reference documentation [http://www. public void search(String searchString) { org.] } Note FullTextSession extends org.
0.Query luceneQuery = getLuceneQuery(). @Stateful @Name("search") public class FullTextSearchAction implements FullTextSearch. When an EJB 3.setMaxResults(pageSize + 1) .createFullTextQuery(luceneQuery.persistence.Hibernate Search { @In FullTextEntityManager em.CR2 227 . searchResults = query . javax. a FulltextEntityManager is injected..0 Session or Message Driven Bean injection is used (ie Bean using @PersistenceContext).class).persistence.query.setFirstResult(pageSize * currentPage) .setFirstResult(pageSize * currentPage) ..query.Query query = em.createFullTextSession is not necessary. the implementation injected will be a FullTextEntityManager implementation: downcasting is then possible. it is not possible to replace the EntityManager interface by the FullTextEntityManager interface in the declaration statement. people accustomed out of Seam. Product. Serializable { @PersistenceContext EntityManager em.getResultList().lucene.0. searchResults = query . the same way FullTextSession extends Session. However. javax. } [.class)..apache.setMaxResults(pageSize + 1) .Query luceneQuery = getLuceneQuery().lucene.apache.createFullTextQuery(luceneQuery. } [. JBoss Seam 2.getResultList()..Query query = ftEm. note that using Check the DVDStore or the blog examples of the JBoss Seam distribution for a concrete use of Hibernate Search.] } Caution For to Hibernate Search Search. FullTextEntityManager ftEm = (FullTextEntityManager) em. FullTextEntityManager extends EntityManager with search specific methods. public void search(String searchString) { org. Product. public void search(String searchString) { org.] } When Hibernate Search is present.
1. 25. Some JSF implementations have a broken implementation of server-side state saving that interferes with Seam's conversation propagation.sun.SeamListener</listener-class> </listener> This listener is responsible for bootstrapping Seam.faces.1.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name> <param-value>client</param-value> </context-param> 25. You'll need this in web.FaceletViewHandler</view-handler> </application> JBoss Seam 2.faces.0. let's look at the basic configuration that is needed whenever we use Seam with JSF.2.1. add the following lines to faces-config. try switching to client-side state saving.xml file: <listener> <listener-class>org.) In addition. There's no need to be too put off by the following sections. you need a faces servlet! <servlet> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>javax. Basic Seam configuration First. since you can just copy and paste from the example applications! 25.facelets. several lines of XML are required to integrate Seam into your JSF implementation and servlet container.1. Integrating Seam with JSF and your servlet container Of course.seam</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> (You can adjust the URL pattern to suit your taste.CR2 228 .seam.FacesServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.xml: <application> <view-handler>com. you'll never need to type any of this stuff yourself.xml: <context-param> <param-name>javax. Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications Configuration is a very boring topic and an extremely tedious pastime. If you have problems with conversation propagation during form submissions.Chapter 25. and for destroying session and application contexts.0. Seam requires the following entry in your web. Unfortunately.servlet.jboss.webapp. Using facelets If you want follow our advice and use facelets instead of JSP.
And it is certainly not required of plain servlet engines like Tomcat.SeamFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Seam Filter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> The Seam master filter must be the first filter specified in web. captchas (see the security chapter) and some JSF UI controls. Seam lets you add and configure servlet filters just like you would configure other built-in Seam components. However.) By default.servlet. Exception handling This filter provides the exception mapping functionality in pages.xml. the exception handling filter will process all requests.xhtml</param-value> </context-param> 25. Seam servlet filters Seam doesn't need any servlet filters for basic operation.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications And the following lines to web.servlet. Seam Resource Servlet The Seam Resource Servlet provides resources used by Seam Remoting.faces.jboss.0.xml: <servlet> <servlet-name>Seam Resource Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org. however this behavior may be adjusted by adding a <web:exception-filter> entry to components.com/products/seam/web"> <web:exception-filter url-pattern="*.xml: <context-param> <param-name>javax.1. the web container should do this automatically.4.SeamResourceServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Seam Resource Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/seam/resource/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> 25. there are several features which depend upon the use of filters.0. To take advantage of this feature. This ensures it is run first. It also takes care of rolling back uncommitted transactions when uncaught exceptions occur.xml: <filter> <filter-name>Seam Filter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.xml (almost all applications will need this). Adding the master filter enables the following built-in filters. but we've found that this behavior cannot be relied upon in all application servers. To make things easier. (According to the Java EE specification.CR2 229 .com/products/seam/components" xmlns:web="http://jboss.xml. we must first install a master filter in web.DEFAULT_SUFFIX</param-name> <param-value>. Configuring the Seam Resource Servlet requires the following entry in web.1.seam. as shown in this example: <components xmlns="http://jboss.seam"/> JBoss Seam 2.seam.3.jboss.
max-request-size url-pattern • — Used to specify which requests are filtered.xml: <web:redirect-filter url-pattern="*. Character encoding Sets the character encoding of submitted form data.xml to enable it: <web:character-encoding-filter encoding="UTF-16" override-client="true" url-pattern="*.seam"/> • — If set to true. Conversation propagation with redirects This filter allows Seam to propagate the conversation context across browser redirects. It intercepts any browser redirects and adds a request parameter that specifies the Seam conversation identifier. uploaded files are written to a temporary file (instead of held in memory).seam"/> • url-pattern — Used to specify which requests are filtered. the request encoding will only be set if the request doesn't already specify an encoding.0.CR2 230 . the default is all requests. the request will be aborted. override-client url-pattern • — Used to specify which requests are filtered. JBoss Seam 2.xml: <web:multipart-filter create-temp-files="true" max-request-size="1000000" url-pattern="*. — If this is set to true. This filter is not installed by default and requires an entry in components. the default is all requests.seam"/> • • encoding — The encoding to use. This may be an important consideration if large file uploads are expected. It detects multipart form requests and processes them according to the multipart/form-data specification (RFC-2388). Multipart form submissions This feature is necessary when using the Seam file upload JSF control. the default is all requests. the default is all requests. create-temp-files • — If the size of a file upload request (determined by reading the Content-Length header in the request) exceeds this value. The default setting is false. the request encoding will be set to whatever is specified by encoding no matter whether the request already specifies an encoding or not. The default setting is false. To override the default settings.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications </components> • url-pattern — Used to specify which requests are filtered. add the following entry to components. but this behavior can also be adjusted in components. The default setting is 0 (no size limit).0. The redirect filter will process all requests by default. If set to false.
For JBoss AS.ejb. url-pattern The context filter expects to find the conversation id of any conversation context in a request parameter named conversationId. Outside the context of an EAR (when using the JBoss Embeddable EJB3 container).0. Seam exposes the conversation id as a property of the built in component conversation. Integrating Seam with your EJB container We need to apply the SeamInterceptor to our Seam components. Just add the @Filter annotation to your Seam component (which must implement javax.1.ajax4jsfFilter") public class MultipartFilter extends AbstractFilter { Adding the @Startup annotation means thar the component is available during Seam startup.ajax4jsfFilter")). 25.5.jboss. One way to do this is specify the @JndiName annotation on every session bean Seam component. We usually specify this option in components. there is no standard mapping to global JNDI defined in the EJB3 specification. the following pattern is the JBoss Seam 2.seam.web. The simplest way to do this across an entire application is to add the following interceptor configuration in ejb-jar. the following pattern is correct: <core:init jndi-name="myEarName/#{ejbName}/local" /> Where myEarName is the name of the EAR in which the bean is deployed. this is quite tedious.xml: <interceptors> <interceptor> <interceptor-class>org.jboss.jboss. Adding custom filters Seam can install your filters for you.multipartFilter") @BypassInterceptors @Filter(within="org.jboss. Unfortunately.xml). then the filter will be enabled (unless explicitly disabled). bijection isn't available here (@BypassInterceptors).servlet.SeamInterceptor</interceptor-class> </interceptor-binding> </assembly-descriptor> Seam needs to know where to go to find session beans in JNDI.Filter): @Startup @Scope(APPLICATION) @Name("org.seam.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications • — Used to specify which requests are filtered. You are also responsible for ensuring propagation of any new conversation id back to the client.seam. allowing you to specify where in the chain your filter is placed (the servlet specification doesn't provide a well defined order if you specify your filters in a web.web. A better approach is to specify a pattern that Seam can use to calculate the JNDI name from the EJB name.web. the default is all requests. However.xml.0.SeamInterceptor</interceptor-class> </interceptor> </interceptors> <assembly-descriptor> <interceptor-binding> <ejb-name>*</ejb-name> <interceptor-class>org.ejb.seam. You are responsible for ensuring that it gets sent in the request.jboss.seam. and the filter should be further down the chain than the RichFaces filter (@Filter(within="org.CR2 232 . If the url-pattern is specified for the context filter. so this mapping is vendor-specific.
METAINF/seam.properties or META-INF/components. that is fully aware of container transactions.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications one to use: <core:init jndi-name="#{ejbName}/local" /> You'll have to experiment to find the right setting for other application servers. just like some other competing frameworks do! I think you'll like our way better. you must place a seam.properties file in the WEB-INF/classes directory if you have any Seam components included here.1.properties files for seam components. you can pick your own pattern . Don't forget! There is one final item you need to know about.properties file. In a web archive (WAR) file. Seam will scan any archives with seam.0. At startup.xml file in any archive in which your Seam components are deployed (even an empty properties file will do). That's why all the Seam examples have an empty seam.2. In this case. You must place a seam.0. Seam won't know when container-managed transactions end: <transaction:ejb-transaction/> 25. Configuring Seam in Java EE 5 If you're running in a Java EE 5 environment.-) In an EJB3 environment.properties.6.CR2 233 . this is all the configuration required to start using Seam! JBoss Seam 2. Note that some servers (such as GlassFish) require you to specify JNDI names for all EJB components explicitly (and tediously). our next best option would be to force you to list every component explicitly in components. You can't just delete this file and expect everything to still work! You might think this is silly and what kind of idiot framework designers would make an empty file affect the behavior of their software?? Well. we recommend the use of a special built-in component for transaction management.xml file. 25. this is a workaround for a limitation of the JVM—if we didn't use this mechanism.xml. If you don't add this line to your components. and can correctly process transaction success events registered with the Events component.
CR2 234 . Packaging Once you've packaged all this stuff together into an EAR. you must include the needed jars in the EAR's lib directory.MF WEB-INF/ web.class Login.MF persistence.xml faces-config..1.jar or jboss-seam-mail.properties org/ jboss/ myapplication/ User. the archive structure will look something like this: my-application.0.jar in the WEB-INF/lib directory of the WAR.class LoginBean. you need to put jboss-seam-pdf.xml seam.jar in the WEB-INF/lib directory of the WAR.jar as an ejb module in META-INF/application. you must include jboss-seam-ui. JBoss Seam 2. If you're too overwhelmed by all this tedious configuration stuff.jar in the WEB-INF/lib directory of the WAR.jar/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.ear/ jboss-seam.jar META-INF/ MANIFEST..war/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.0.jar should be placed in the EAR's lib directory (putting it in the EAR classpath.xml. If you want to use facelets (our recommendation). jboss-el..jsp . my-application. You should declare jboss-seam.MF application. If you want to use the Seam tag library (most Seam applications do).xml components.class Register.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications 25.class RegisterBean. If you want to use jBPM or Drools. I really wish that was all there was to say on the topic of configuration but unfortunately we're only about a third of the way there.jsp register.jar lib/ jboss-el. you must include jbossseam-debug. feel free to skip over the rest of this section and come back to it later..jar login. If you want to use the PDF or email tag libraries.xml my-application.xml lib/ jsf-facelets. Seam ships with several example applications that are deployable in any Java EE container that supports EJB 3.0.class .jar in WEB-INF/lib.jar jboss-seam-ui.2. you must include jsf-facelets. If you want to use the Seam debug page (only works for applications using facelets).
3. Seam JavaBean components do not provide declarative transaction demarcation like session beans do.CR2 235 . These example applications are ready to deploy into any J2EE application server. in the meantime. In this case you would use Hibernate3 or JPA instead of EJB 3. Boostrapping JPA in Seam Seam will bootstrap a JPA EntityManagerFactory from your persistence.0.2.0. Configuring Seam in J2EE Seam is useful even if you're not yet ready to take the plunge into EJB 3.cfg.0. But most applications will just use Seam managed transactions when using Hibernate with JavaBeans. 25.xml file if you install this built-in component: <persistence:entity-manager-factory name="entityManagerFactory"/> JBoss Seam 2.3.0 when you're ready and. You'll miss out on some of the nice features of session beans but it will be very easy to migrate to EJB 3. The Seam distribution includes a version of the booking example application that uses Hibernate3 and JavaBeans instead of EJB3.0 persistence. and plain JavaBeans instead of session beans. <persistence:managed-hibernate-session name="hibernateSessionFactory" session-factory="#{hibernateSessionFactory}"/> 25.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications 25. You could manage your transactions manually using the JTA UserTransaction or declaratively using Seam's @Transactional annotation.xml file if you install a built-in component: <persistence:hibernate-session-factory name="hibernateSessionFactory"/> You will also need to configure a managed session if you want a Seam managed Hibernate Session to be available via injection. Boostrapping Hibernate in Seam Seam will bootstrap a Hibernate SessionFactory from your hibernate.1.3. you'll be able to take advantage of Seam's unique declarative state management architecture. and another version that uses JPA and JavaBeans.
jar .jar jboss-seam-ui.xml faces-config.3. If you're using JPA. in the following structure: my-application.jsp . you'll also need to define a datasource.war/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.xml lib/ jboss-seam. like so: <transaction:entity-transaction entity-manager="#{entityManager}"/> If you're using Hibernate.jar hibernate-annotations.jsp register. you can tell Seam to use JPA resource-local transactions. EntityTransaction.jar hibernate3.jar jboss-el-api. JBoss Seam 2. 25.CR2 236 .xml components.cfg.jar/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.properties hibernate.0..0. my-application.4.xml org/ jboss/ myapplication/ User. Packaging We can package our application as a WAR. <persistence:managed-persistence-context name="entityManager" entity-manager-factory="#{entityManagerFactory}"/> 25.. ie... If we want to deploy Hibernate in a non-EE environment like Tomcat or TestNG.jar jboss-el. login.class . you need to tell Seam how to manage transactions.jar hibernate-validator..jar jsf-facelets. without JBoss Embedded It is possible to use Seam completely outside of an EE environment. since there will be no JTA available..class Login.MF WEB-INF/ web.MF seam. In this case.3. Configuring Seam in Java SE. you can tell Seam to use the Hibernate transaction API like this: <transaction:hibernate-transaction session="#{session}"/> Of course.class Register.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications You will also need to configure a managed persistence context if you want a Seam managed JPA EntityManager to be available via injection. we need to do a little bit more work.
This is especially.5. into the Tomcat lib directory.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications A better alternative is to use JBoss Embedded to get access to the EE APIs.jar file from the Tomcat lib directory.1. useful for testing. It should appear after all other listeners in the file. but not only. The Seam booking example application includes a TestNG integration test suite that runs on JBoss Embedded via SeamTest. 237 JBoss Seam 2. Embedded JBoss can be downloaded here [http://sourceforge. two configuration files need to be updated to add Embedded JBoss-specific functionality.properties file. • Add the Embedded JBoss listener to conf/server.xml. First.0. Remove the annotations-api.0. 25. • Next. The process for installing Embedded JBoss into Tomcat 6 is quite simple. Configuring Seam in Java SE. with JBoss Embedded JBoss Embedded lets you run EJB3 components outside the context of the Java EE 5 application server. Installing Embedded JBoss Embedded JBoss must by installed into Tomcat for Seam applications to run correctly on it. 25.net/project/showfiles. except for the jndi.5. • Copy all files and directories under the Embedded JBoss bootstrap and lib directories.php?group_id=22866&package_id=228977].CR2 . The booking example application may even be deployed to Tomcat. you should copy the JBoss Embedded JARs and configuration files into Tomcat.
please see the Embedded JBoss Tomcat integration wiki entry [http://wiki.class LoginBean.tomcat.6.jar jsf-facelets. You'll also need to explicitly list your process and pageflow definitions.xml lib/ jboss-seam.war/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.class Login.xml faces-config. 25.jar jboss-seam-ui.0.class RegisterBean..MF WEB-INF/ web.xml</value> <value>editDocument. Configuring jBPM in Seam Seam's jBPM integration is not installed by default..class . login.jsp register.org/wiki/Wiki.WebinfScanner" /> For more configuration options.xml seam.jpdl.0.jboss.embedded. <Listener className="org.xml components.jpdl.EmbeddedJBossBootstrapListener" /> • WAR file scanning should be enabled by adding a listener to conf/context..xml</value> <value>approveDocument.jsp .jar jboss-el.5.tomcat.xml</value> JBoss Seam 2. 25.jar . Packaging The archive structure of a WAR-based deployment on an servlet engine like Tomcat will look something like this: my-application.MF persistence.2.xml.class Register.jpdl.CR2 238 .jar/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.jboss..jar jsf-impl.jar jboss-el-api.embedded.tomcat.jboss.jar jsf-api. In components.. my-application. so you'll need to enable jBPM by installing a built-in component.properties org/ jboss/ myapplication/ User..xml: <bpm:jbpm> <bpm:pageflow-definitions> <value>createDocument.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications <Listener className="org. Most of the Seam example applications may be deployed to Tomcat by running ant deploy.jsp?page=EmbeddedAndTomcat].
we will probably design some other standard packaging format.db.jbpm.authentication.jar lib/ jboss-el.ear/ jboss-seam.0. you need to provide a jBPM configuration.DbSchedulerServiceFactory" /> <service name="logging" factory="org.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications </bpm:pageflow-definitions> <bpm:process-definitions> <value>documentLifecycle.1.MF application.xml lib/ jsf-facelets. my-application.jbpm.DbPersistenceServiceFactory"> <field name="isTransactionEnabled"><false/></field> </bean> </factory> </service> <service name="tx" factory="org..MF WEB-INF/ web.jbpm.persistence.jar META-INF/ MANIFEST.jbpm. Seam or EJB3 should control the JTA transactions.xml my-application. In future.DbLoggingServiceFactory" /> <service name="authentication" factory="org.scheduler.db.db.security.xml and hibernate.6.jpdl.msg.0.jsp register.db. If you do have business process definitions.jbpm.MF persistence..jsp . In the Seam examples we've decided to simply package all these files into the root of the EAR.jbpm.xml components.xml</value> </bpm:process-definitions> </bpm:jbpm> No further special configuration is needed if you only have pageflows. So the EAR looks something like this: my-application. The Seam DVD Store demo includes example jbpm.xml files that will work with Seam: <jbpm-configuration> <jbpm-context> <service name="persistence"> <factory> <bean class="org.1. 25.jar jbpm-3.TxServiceFactory" /> <service name="message" factory="org.jar/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.DefaultAuthenticationServiceFactory" /> </jbpm-context> </jbpm-configuration> The most important thing to notice here is that jBPM transaction control is disabled.DbMessageServiceFactory" /> <service name="scheduler" factory="org.cfg.xml seam.cfg. and a Hibernate configuration for jBPM.xml faces-config. Packaging There is not yet any well-defined packaging format for jBPM configuration and process/pageflow definition files.CR2 239 .properties JBoss Seam 2.war/ META-INF/ MANIFEST.jar jboss-seam-ui.tx.jar login.logging.
jpdl.0.sar/conf/web.HTTP Session timeout. See the examples/portal directory for an example of the booking demo preconfigured to run on JBoss Portal. Configuring SFSB and Session Timeouts in JBoss AS It is very important that the timeout for Stateful Session Beans is set higher than the timeout for HTTP Sessions.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications org/ jboss/ myapplication/ User.deployer/conf/web.xml for JBoss 4.LRUStatefulContextCachePolicy</cache-policy> <cache-policy-conf> <min-capacity>50</min-capacity> <max-capacity>1000000</max-capacity> <remover-period>1800</remover-period> <!-.class LoginBean.plugins. jbpm.8.cfg.jpdl.xml (replace default with your own configuration).jboss.75</cache-load-factor> </cache-policy-conf> </container-cache-conf> The can be modified in server/default/deploy/jbossweb-tomcat55.xml hibernate. you'll need to provide certain portlet metadata (portlet.2.ejb. in minutes --> <session-timeout>30</session-timeout> default HTTP session timeout JBoss Seam 2.xml documentLifecycle.0.xml.xml editDocument..class RegisterBean. otherwise SFSB's may time out before the user's HTTP session has ended.7. which is configured in server/default/conf/standardjboss.CR2 240 .xml approveDocument.xml createDocument. 25. or in server/default/deploy/jboss-web.xml 25.x.jpdl. Configuring Seam in a Portal To run a Seam application as a portlet.SFSB timeout in seconds..xml for JBoss 4. JBoss Application Server has a default session bean timeout of 30 minutes.x.class Login. 1800 seconds == 30 minutes --> <max-bean-life>1800</max-bean-life> <overager-period>300</overager-period> <max-bean-age>600</max-bean-age> <resizer-period>400</resizer-period> <max-cache-miss-period>60</max-cache-miss-period> <min-cache-miss-period>1</min-cache-miss-period> <cache-load-factor>0.jpdl.cfg. The following entry in this file controls the default session timeout for all web applications: <session-config> <!-.class Register. etc) in addition to the usual Java EE metadata.0. The default SFSB timeout can be adjusted by modifying the value of max-bean-life in the LRUStatefulContextCachePolicy cache configuration: <container-cache-conf> <cache-policy>org.class .
0.CR2 241 . simply include this entry in your application's own web.xml.Configuring Seam and packaging Seam applications </session-config> To override this value for your own application.0. JBoss Seam 2.
Running Seam on most application servers (such as JBoss AS or Glassfish) you only need to include the dependencies for those bits of Seam you actually use (e.1. The jee5/booking example The jee5/booking example is based on the Hotel Booking example (which runs on JBoss AS). this is implemented as an EJB3 Stateful Session Bean) jboss-seam.jar and ejb3-persistence. Seam on OC4J OC4J (Oracle Containers for Java) 11g (currently a "Technology Preview" release) is Oracle's JEE 5 application server.jar — which requires Apache commons-digester and commons- richfaces-impl. Facelets and JPA provided by Hibernate.jar jboss-seam-ui. You can find these in the hibernate/lib directory in the Seam distribution. if you use Seam Text you need to include ANTLR).jar. Seam Security (with Drools). This section requires you to use OC4J 11g Technology Preview (not OC4J 10g).jar — which requires Apache commons-digester and commons-beanutils and richfaces-ui. You can download OC4J 11g from http://www. hibernate-annotations.jar jsf-facelets. and their dependencies (jboss-common.oracle.1. RichFaces Ajax and components. we decided to use Hibernate as the JPA provider (rather than TopLink Essentials which ships with OC4J).jar) use Hibernate as your JPA provider you • thirdparty-all.CR2 242 . • — We declare this as an EJB3 module (why? well Seam needs to be able to interact with container managed transactions. To need three jars (hibernate3.0. We will will start by looking at the building and deploying the Hotel Booking example application which comes with Seam.com/technology/tech/java/oc4j/11/.g. JBoss Seam 2. hibernate-entitymanager. 26.jar richfaces-api. Extra dependencies required by OC4J • Hibernate — of course.1.jar jboss-el. lets look at the dependencies of the booking example. jboss-archive-browsing.jar). Booking Example Dependencies First. This project will integrate Seam.jar • • • • • • — Seam's JSF controls depend on Apache's commons-beanutils jboss-seam-debug. 26. Out of the box it is designed to run on Glassfish.jar beanutils 26. and then at deploying a project generated by seam-gen.0.jar. but it's easy to build it for OC4J.2.jar.1.Chapter 26. Armed with this knowledge we can look at the extra dependencies requirements that OC4J adds.jar — a selection of third party libraries on which Seam depends (like javassist).
0.0.xml you need to declare all your ejb's in the web. we need to use an alternative query factory.jar and antlr-runtime-3.classic.Authenticator </local> <ejb-link>AuthenticatorAction</ejb-link> </ejb-local-ref> persistence.hibernate. on OC4J. due to its "interesting" classloading you must always include them: • • • antlr-2.3. Modify the following files in the project: • • build.jar.transaction.2rc1.xml. 3.jar $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/applib/ 243 JBoss Seam 2. Build the demo app by running ant./.5. janino-2.7. We are using Hibernate and due to OC4J bundling an old ANTLR.1.jar jbpm-jpdl.drools-core-4.xml — Un-comment the OC4J-related libraries — Comment out the Glassfish properties and un-comment resources/META-INF/persistence. The build target is dist/jboss-seam-jee5.1. drools-compiler-4.6.jar. Drools — needed for Seam Security. 2.hql.0. Drools integration is not used in the example. — needed for Seam's JBPM integration (not used in the example)./seam-gen/lib/hsqldb.hibernate. Configuration file changes There are just a few changes to be made: web.factory_class" value="org.. <ejb-local-ref> <ejb-ref-name> jboss-seam-jee5/AuthenticatorAction/local </ejb-ref-name> <ejb-ref-type>Session</ejb-ref-type> <local-home/> <local> org.transaction.7.ear Copy hsqldb.query. We aren't using Seam security with Drools.example.0.seam.ClassicQueryTranslatorFactory" /> <property name="hibernate.jar — needed for Seam Text (not used in the example).0.4. 26. Building the jee5/booking example 1.jboss.jar.Seam on OC4J but. Drools consists of 5 jars .jar.xml the OC4J properties. This is a silly requirement of a number of JEE 5 application servers .0.manager_lookup_class" value="org.booking.xml you need to provide the correct configuration for your JPA implementation.for example OC4J and Glassfish. but have to include it.. we also want to use the OC4J transaction manager: <property name="hibernate.OrionTransactionManagerLookup" /> 26. mvel14-1.jar to OC4J: cp .0.CR2 .
Start OC4J: $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oc4j -start You will be asked to set the admin password if this is the first time you've started OC4J 8. Edit $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/config/default-web-site. Checkout the app at: http://localhost:8888/seam-jee5 244 JBoss Seam 2.0. 6. 2. Edit $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/config/server.xml. inside <web-site>.ear $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/applications/ 7. Download and unzip OC4J Make sure you have $JAVA_HOME and $ORACLE_HOME set as environment variables ($ORACLE_HOME is the directory to which you unzip OC4J). add the $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/config/data-sources. It assumes you are deploying the jee5/booking example.ear" parent="default" start="true" /> To keep things simple use the same names as you used for project." /> </connection-pool> The jndi-name is used as the jta-data-source in persistence.jdbcDriver" user="sa" password="" url="jdbc:hsqldb:. 1.xml. and. and. add <web-app application="jboss-seam-jee5" name="jboss-seam-jee5" load-on-startup="true" root="/seam-jee5" /> The root is the context path you will put into your web browser to access the application..hsqldb. Copy the application to OC4J: cp dist/jboss-seam-jee5.CR2 .. 5.txt distributed with OC4J Edit OC4J datasource <data-sources>. add <application name="jboss-seam-jee5" path=". inside <managed-data-source connection-pool-name="jee5-connection-pool" jndi-name="jdbc/__default" name="jee5-managed-data-source" /> <connection-pool name="jee5-connection-pool"> <connection-factory factory-class="org.0.xml and. Deploying a Seam application to OC4J This mini-tutorial describes the (fairly tedious) steps required to deploy a JEE 5 application to OC4J./home/applications/jboss-seam-jee5. inside <application-server>./. For further information on installing OC4J. 4. To deploy another application you would need to alter the datasource and application name. using the embedded hsqldb database.Seam on OC4J (OC4J doesn't come with an embedded database so we decided to use HSQLDB) 26.2.xml 3. consult the Readme.
altering the SQL as appropriate).seam.jar] [input] Enter JDBC driver class for your database [com. We start by creating a pretty simple application using seam-gen.Driver] [com. [mysql].oc4j. install. [input] Enter the database catalog name (it is OK to leave this blank) [] [] [input] Are you working with tables that already exist in the database? [y] ([y].default_schema.3.2.jar] [lib/mysql. configure and run MySQL.jboss.oc4j./seam setup in the seam directory.hibernate./seam setup Buildfile: build.Driver] [input] Enter the JDBC URL for your database [jdbc:mysql:///oc4j] [jdbc:mysql:///oc4j] [input] Enter database username [user] [user] [input] Enter database password [password] [password] [input] skipping input as property hibernate.seam.tutorial. ) [input] Do you want to drop and recreate the database tables and data in import.1.action] [ [input] Enter the Java package name for your entity beans [org. > . run .test] [org.mysql.CR2 245 .tutorial.GA] [/home/pmuir/java/jboss[input] Enter the project name [oc4j-example] [oc4j-example] [input] Is this project deployed as an EAR (with EJB components) or a WAR (with no EJB support) [e [input] Enter the Java package name for your session beans [org. Type . n. then create a database with some sample data. but of course you can use your favourite IDE .jdbc.j [input] What kind of database are you using? [mysql] (hsql.seam.mysql.hi [input] Enter the filesystem path to the JDBC driver jar [lib/mysql./seam new-project to create your project and cd to the newly created project.jboss.sql each time you [propertyfile] Updating property file: /home/pmuir/workspace/jboss-seam/seam-gen/build. Deploying an application created using seam-gen to OC4J The following explanation assumes you are using the command line and a simple text editor.dialect.seam-gen projects come with support for Eclipse and Netbeans. You can stop the server by pressing CTRL-C in the console on which the server is running.xml setup: [echo] Welcome to seam-gen :-) [input] Enter your Java project workspace (the directory that contains your Seam projects) [/home/ [input] Enter your JBoss home directory [/home/pmuir/java/jboss-4. mssql. it also genereates Seam Application Framework components and JSF views for CRUD. db2 [input] Enter the Hibernate dialect for your database [org. seam-gen uses Hibernate Tools to reverse engineer a database schema to JPA entity beans.tutorial. oracle.0. Next.MySQLDialect] [org. the Seam Application Framework classes and the JBoss Seam 2./seam generate-entities to run create the entities.properties [echo] Installing JDBC driver jar to JBoss server [echo] Type 'seam new-project' to create the new project BUILD SUCCESSFUL Type . postgres.oc4j.0.Seam on OC4J 9.jdbc.model] [or [input] Enter the Java package name for your test cases [org. 26.jboss.new has already been set. This tutorial uses MySQL (but of course you could use any database.
factory.xml You can delete this file as we aren't deploying to JBoss AS (jboss-app.hibernate.CR2 246 . Add the properties (described above): • <property name="hibernate.OrionTransactionManagerLookup" /> <property name="hibernate. and it's namespace declaration xmlns:transaction="http://jboss. We now need to make some changes to the generated project.com/products/seam/transaction" • • Alter the jndi-pattern to java:comp/env/oc4j-example/#{ejbName}/local We want to use a Seam Managed Persistence Context in our application.0.manager_lookup_class" value="org.factory_class" value="org.hibernate. resources/META-INF/jboss-app.manager.name" value="java:/oc4j-exampleEntityManagerFactory"> • You'll need to alter persistence-prod. Let's start with the configuration files: resources/META-INF/persistence-dev.xml as well if you want to deploy to OC4J using the prod profile.xml You can delete these file as we aren't deploying to JBoss AS (these files define datasources in JBoss AS.flush_before_completion" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.xml file) resources/WEB-INF/components.provider_class" value="org.classic.add the <transaction:ejb-transaction /> component.Seam on OC4J relevant views.transaction.hql. but Seam provides a built-in manager component: <persistence:entity-manager-factory auto-create="true" name="oc4jEntityManagerFactory" persistence-unit-name="oc4j-example" /> We then need to tell Seam to use it.transaction. Unfortunately OC4J doesn't expose the EntityManagerFactory in JNDI.cache.transaction.query.HashtableCacheProvider"/> • Remove the JBoss AS specific method of exposing the EntityManagerFactory: <property name="jboss. in OC4J you have to edit the master data-sources.entity.ClassicQueryTranslatorFactory" /> <property name="hibernate. so we alter the managed-persistence-context injecting the Entity Manager Factory: <persistence:managed-persistence-context JBoss Seam 2.xml).xml is used to enable classloading isolation in JBoss AS) resources/*-ds.xml • Alter the jta-data-source to be jdbc/__oc4jExample (and use this as the jndi-name when creating the data source in data-sources.hibernate.jndi.xml • Enable container managed transaction integration .0.cache.
jboss.jar" /> name="lib/hibernate3..xml Change the default target to archive (we aren't going to cover automatic deployment to OC4J).xml to include them in the ear . Remember to include the Seam container managed transaction integration: <ejb-local-ref> <ejb-ref-name> oc4j-example/EjbSynchronizations/local </ejb-ref-name> <ejb-ref-type>Session</ejb-ref-type> <local> org.0. lets add in the extra dependencies: • Hibernate — • Copy the jars from hibernate/lib directory in the Seam distribution oc4j-example/lib: cp ..jar — alter the build.add these includes underneath the other libraries being copies: name="lib/hibernate-annotations.0.CR2 247 .jar" /> <include <include <include <include <include <include • thirdparty-all.jar" /> • As we are using Drools to provide Seam Security rules.jar — alter the build.jar" /> name="ejb3-peristence.eclipse.xml to include it .xml You need to declare all your EJBs here.jar" /> • antlr-2.jar" /> name="lib/jboss-archive-browsing./jboss-seam/hibernate/lib/*. Now. again this is due to OC4J's classloading): • cp .7.jar" /> name="lib/jboss-common.core*.jar lib/ • Alter the build.add this include: <include name="lib/thirdparty-all.xml to include it .jar" /> name="lib/hibernate-entitymanager.jar lib/ • Alter the build. we need to add in Eclipse JDT compiler (you don't need this on JBoss AS.seam.LocalEjbSynchronizations </local> <ejb-link>EjbSynchronizations</ejb-link> </ejb-local-ref> build.xml to include them in the ear: JBoss Seam 2.transaction.Seam on OC4J name="entityManager" auto-create="true" entity-manager-factory="#{oc4jEntityManagerFactory}" /> resources/WEB-INF/web./jboss-seam/seam-gen/lib/org.6.jdt.add this include: <include name="lib/antlr-*.
jar" /> <include name="lib/antlr-*. if (users.addRole("admin").jar" /> <include name="lib/jboss-common. 3. } 2.username} and u.eclipse.size() == 1) { identity. } else { return false. Implement authenticate: public boolean authenticate() { List <. return true.0. @Name("authenticator") @Stateless public class AuthenticatorAction implements Authenticator { @Local public interface Authenticator { public boolean authenticate().core*. and add a single method with same signature as the authenticate in AuthenticatorAction.password = #{identity.jar" /> <include name="lib/hibernate3.CR2 248 .Seam on OC4J <include name="lib/org.jdt.User>.other libraries added by seam-gen --> <include name="lib/hibernate-annotations.password}") . • • • Add the @Stateless annotation.core*. users = entityManager . Rename the class to AuthenticatorAction Create an interface called Authenticator which AuthenticatorAction implements (EJB3 requires session beans to have a local interface).jar" /> <include name="lib/org. lets link our User entity into Seam Security (we have a User table with a username column and a password column). Use @PersistenceContext to inject an EntityManager: @PersistenceContext private EntityManager entityManager.jar" /> </fileset> Finally.jar" /> You should end up with something like: <fileset dir="${basedir}"> <!-.0.jar" /> <include name="lib/thirdparty-all.jar" /> <include name="lib/jboss-archive-browsing. Annotate the interface with @Local. And then add the EJB3 reference to web. } } 4.createQuery("select u from User u where u.jar" /> <include name="lib/hibernate-entitymanager.eclipse. We're going to make our authentictor a Stateless Session Bean (OC4J is a EJB3 container after all!): 1.username = #{identity.getResultList().xml: <ejb-local-ref> JBoss Seam 2.jdt.
seam..mysql.ear" parent="default" start="true" /> $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/config/default-web-site.oc4j.Authenticator </local> <ejb-link>AuthenticatorAction</ejb-link> </ejb-local-ref> Now you can go on and customize your application. 26./home/applications/oc4j-example.Seam on OC4J <ejb-ref-name> oc4j-example/AuthenticatorAction/local </ejb-ref-name> <ejb-ref-type>Session</ejb-ref-type> <local> org.xml <application name="oc4j-example" path=".1.jboss.tutorial. OC4J Deployment Descriptors for the seam-gen'd application To deploy your application use the deployment instructions above in conjunction with these deployment descriptors: $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/config/data-sources.Driver" user="username" password="password" url="jdbc:mysql:///oc4j" /> </connection-pool> $ORACLE_HOME/j2ee/home/config/server.xml <managed-data-source connection-pool-name="oc4j-example-connection-pool" jndi-name="jdbc/__oc4jExample" name="oc4j-example-managed-data-source" /> <connection-pool name="oc4j-example-connection-pool"> <connection-factory factory-class="com.jdbc.xml <web-app application="oc4j-example" name="oc4j-example" load-on-startup="true" root="/oc4j-example" /> JBoss Seam 2.action.CR2 249 .3./.0.0..
jboss.seam.CR2 250 . APPLICATION. These annotations appear on the component class. Most of the annotations you'll use are defined by the EJB 3. The annotations for data validation are defined by the Hibernate Validator package. @Name @Name("componentName") Defines the Seam component name for a class. SESSION. CONVERSATION. The possible values are defined by the ScopeType enumeration: EVENT. — the context variable scope. For stateless session beans. PAGE. @Role @Role(name="roleName". @Scope @Scope(ScopeType. which we'll describe in this chapter.annotations.SESSION) }) Allows specification of multiple additional roles.0. as above. Seam defines its own set of annotations. For JavaBeans. Annotations for component definition The first group of annotations lets you define a Seam component. the default depends upon the component type. JBoss Seam 2. @Role(name="currentUser".0 specification. the default depends upon the component type. • • name — the context variable name.CONVERSATION) Defines the default context of the component. All of these annotations are defined in the package org. you'll use a lot of annotations. BUSINESS_PROCESS. Seam lets you use annotations to achieve a declarative style of programming.Chapter 27. Finally. Seam annotations When you write a Seam application. scope=ScopeType. scope=ScopeType. When no scope is explicitly specified. the default is STATELESS. When no scope is explicitly specified. STATELESS. the default is EVENT. Each @Role annotation defines an additional role. scope @Roles @Roles({ @Role(name="user". This annotation is required for all Seam components.SESSION) Allows a Seam component to be bound to multiple contexts variables. For entity beans and stateful session beans.CONVERSATION).0.1. The @Name/@Scope annotations define a "default role". scope=ScopeType. the default is CONVERSATION. 27.
if they are installed. @Install(dependencies="org.jbpm") Specifies that an application scope component is started immediately at initialization time.jbpm") Specifies that a component should only be stalled if the components listed as dependencies are also installed. @Install(classDependencies="org.seam.jboss. @JndiName @JndiName("my/jndi/name") Specifies the JNDI name that Seam will use to look up the EJB component. This is useful when the dependency doesn't have a single well-known name.core. • depends — specifies that the named components must be started first. Seam will use the JNDI pattern specified by org.hibernate. etc.class) Specifies that a component should only be installed if a component that is implemented by a certain class is installed. If no JNDI name is explicitly specified. @Install(genericDependencies=ManagedQueueSender.bpm.0.Session") Specifies that a component should only be installed if the named class is in the classpath.bpm.jboss.CR2 251 . JBoss Seam 2. This is mainly used for certain built-in components that bootstrap critical infrastructure such as JNDI. @Install @Install(false) Specifies whether or not a component should be installed by default. @Conversational @Conversational Specifies that a conversation scope component is conversational.init. The lack of an @Install annotation indicates a component should be installed.0.jboss. datasources.seam.Seam annotations @BypassInterceptors @BypassInterceptors Disables Seam all interceptors on a particular component or method of a component. meaning that no method of the component may be called unless a long-running conversation is active. @Scope(SESSION) @Startup Specifies that a session scope component is started immediately at session creation time.seam.jndiPattern. @Startup @Scope(APPLICATION) @Startup(depends="org.
If a request is not able to obtain its lock on the component in the given timeout period. and that Seam should serialize requests.2. 27. If the context variable is null. Annotations for bijection The next two annotations control bijection.CR2 252 . These attributes occur on component instance variables or property accessor methods. even if the client does not specify create=true. @In @In Specifies that a component attribute is to be injected from a context variable at the beginning of each component invocation. If multiple components with the same name exist.Seam annotations @Install(precedence=BUILT_IN) Specifies the precedence of the component. The defined precendence values are (in ascending order): • • • • BUILT_IN — Precedence of all built-in Seam components — Precedence to use for components of frameworks which extend Seam — Predence of application components (the default precedence) FRAMEWORK APPLICATION DEPLOYMENT — Precedence to use for components which override application components in a particular deployment MOCK • — Precedence for mock objects used in testing @Synchronized @Synchronized(timeout=1000) Specifies that a component is accessed concurrently by multiple clients. @AutoCreate @AutoCreate Specifies that a component will be automatically created. @In(required=false) Specifies that a component attribute is to be injected from a context variable at the beginning of each com- JBoss Seam 2.0. the one with the higher precedence will be installed.0. an exception will be raised. @ReadOnly @ReadOnly Specifies that a JavaBean component or component method does not require state replication at the end of the invocation. an exception will be thrown.
Default to the name of the component attribute. Default to the name of the component attribute.addresses['shipping']}") Specifies that a component attribute is to be injected by evaluating a JSF EL expression at the beginning of each component invocation. surrounded by #{. instead of using the annotated instance variable name. if no scope is explicitly specified. @Out(scope=ScopeType. • — specifies the name of the context variable.Seam annotations ponent invocation.CR2 253 . • • value — specifies the name of the context variable. — specifies Seam should throw an exception if the component attribute is null during outjec- required tion.0. JBoss Seam 2.. Alternatively. @Out(value="contextVariableName") Specifies the name of the context variable explicitly. @In(value="#{customer. create required • — specifies Seam should throw an exception if the context variable is undefined in all con- texts.. an instance of the component is instantiated by Seam. an exception is thrown. @In(create=true) Specifies that a component attribute is to be injected from a context variable at the beginning of each component invocation. Alternatively. specifies a JSF EL expression. instead of using the annotated instance variable name. The attribute may be null. value • — specifies that Seam should instantiate the component with the same name as the context variable if the context variable is undefined (null) in all contexts. the scope of the component with the @Out attribute is used (or the EVENT scope if the component is stateless).SESSION) Specifies that a component attribute that is not a Seam component type is to be outjected to a specific scope at the end of the invocation. @Out @Out Specifies that a component attribute that is a Seam component is to be outjected to its context variable at the end of the invocation. If the attribute is null. If the context variable is null. @Out(required=false) Specifies that a component attribute that is a Seam component is to be outjected to its context variable at the end of the invocation.0. The context variable may be null. @In(value="contextVariableName") Specifies the name of the context variable explicitly. Default to false.}.
• value — specifies the name of the log category. @Factory("processInstance". It appears on a component getter method. autoCreate This annotation lets you inject a Log: @Logger @Logger("categoryName") Specifies that a component field is to be injected with an instance of org. If the method is a getter method.Log.CR2 254 . This style is used with methods that return a value. value • — specifies the scope that Seam should bind the returned value to. If no scope is explicitly specified. even if @In does not specify create=true. when the context variable has no value. } Specifies that the method returns a value that Seam should use to initialize the value of the named context variable. Default to the name of the component class.seam.. JBoss Seam 2. Only meaningful for factory methods which return a value. } Specifies that the method of the component is used to initialize the value of the named context variable. default to the JavaBeans property name. @Unwrap @Unwrap Specifies that the object returned by the annotated getter method is the thing that is injected instead of the component instance itself. when the context variable has no value. in which case the EVENT context is used). @Factory @Factory("processInstance") public void createProcessInstance() { . • — specifies the name of the context variable.0. where a Seam component that manages the lifecycle of an instance of some other class that is to be injected. the scope of the component with the @Factory method is used (unless the component is stateless.Seam annotations Note that it is quite common for these annotations to occur together.log. the field must be declared as static.. scope=CONVERSATION) public ProcessInstance createProcessInstance() { . where a Seam component is responsible for initializing the value of a context variable. It appears on a component method. This style is used with methods that return void. for example: @In(create=true) @Out private User currentUser. The next annotation supports the factory component pattern..jboss. The next annotation supports the manager component pattern.0. For entity beans. scope • — specifies that this factory method should be automatically called whenever the variable is asked for.. This is especially useful for initializing any state needed for rendering the response to a non-faces request.
Seam annotations The last annotation lets you inject a request parameter value: @RequestParameter @RequestParameter("parameterName") Specifies that a component attribute is to be injected with the value of a request parameter.CR2 255 .4. 27. Seam catches. If an instance does not exist and create is false. Default to the name of the component attribute. logs and swallows any exception that propagates out of a destroy method.0.0. 27. The default value for create is true.create=false) Specifies that the method should be called when an event of the specified type occurs but that an instance should not be created if one doesn't exist. They occur on methods of the component. JBoss Seam 2. @Create @Create Specifies that the method should be called when an instance of the component is instantiated by Seam. @Observer @Observer("somethingChanged") Specifies that the method should be called when a component-driven event of the specified type occurs. Destroy methods should be used only for cleanup. Basic type conversions are performed automatically. Annotations for context demarcation These annotations provide declarative conversation demarcation. the event will not be observed. usually action listener methods. Note that destroy methods are only supported for JavaBeans and stateful session beans. They appear on methods of Seam components. Annotations for component lifecycle methods These annotations allow a component to react to its own lifecycle events. • value — specifies the name of the request parameter. There may be only one of each per component class.3. @Observer(value="somethingChanged". Note that create methods are only supported for JavaBeans and stateful session beans. @Destroy @Destroy Specifies that the method should be called when the context ends and its context variables are destroyed.
MANUAL supports the use of atomic conversations where all write operations are queued in the conversation context until an explicit call to flush() (which usually occurs at the end of the conversation). If you want a conversation that span multiple requests. Default to false. an exception is thrown.jboss. It is perfectly legal for multiple nested conversations to exist concurrently in the same outer conversation. flushMode=FlushModeType.CR2 256 .jbpm. This setting is ignored when nested=true is specified join • — specifies that a nested conversation should be started if a long-running conversation is already in progress.0. @Begin(join=true) Specifies that if a long-running conversation is already in progress. flushMode pageflow • — a process definition name of a jBPM process definition deployed via org. @End @End Specifies that a long-running conversation ends when this method returns a non-null outcome without exception. a new nested conversation context begins. If true. the context is propagated.seam. Most of these conversations end at the end of the request. @Begin(nested=true) Specifies that if a long-running conversation is already in progress. @Begin @Begin Specifies that a long-running conversation begins when this method returns a non-null outcome without exception. you must "promote" the current conversation to a long-running conversation by calling a method marked with @Begin. JBoss Seam 2.pageflowDefinitions. • — determines the behavior when a long-running conversation is already in progress. and the outer conversation will resume. @Begin(flushMode=FlushModeType. the conversation context is simply propagated. @Begin(pageflow="process definition name") Specifies a jBPM process definition name that defines the pageflow for this conversation. If false. The nested conversation will end when the next @End is encountered.bpm.Seam annotations Every web request has a conversation context associated with it.MANUAL) Specify the flush mode of any Seam-managed persistence contexts. nested • — set the flush mode of any Seam-managed Hibernate sessions or JPA persistence contexts that are created during this conversation.0.
which is also the default used by the Seam taskList JSF component.jbpm.0. Within the context of this conversation. beforeRedirect @StartTask @StartTask "Starts" a jBPM task. The actual transition triggered will be the default transition unless the application has called Transition.exe. for the business process instance of the task instance. (Of course. • — the name of a request parameter which holds the id of the task. @EndTask(transition="transitionName") JBoss Seam 2. which is also the default used by the Seam taskList JSF component.taskmgmt. Within the context of this conversation. a business process context is also defined. Default to "taskId". for the business process instance of the task instance.exe. taskIdParameter • — set the flush mode of any Seam-managed Hibernate sessions or JPA persistence contexts that are created during this conversation.jbpm. and that the current task is complete. Setting beforeRedirect=true specifies that the conversation should be destroyed at the end of the current request. This conversation is associated with the jBPM task specified in the named request parameter.Seam annotations • — by default. Specifies that a long-running conversation ends when this method returns a non-null outcome. The jBPM org. This conversation is associated with the jBPM task specified in the named request parameter. The jPBM ProcessInstance will be available in a request context variable named processInstance.graph. flushMode @BeginTask @BeginTask Resumes work on an incomplete jBPM task. Default to "taskId".0. the conversation will not actually be destroyed until after any redirect has occurred.) • — the name of a request parameter which holds the id of the task. these objects are available for injection via @In. and that the redirect will be processed in a new temporary conversation context.TaskInstance will be available in a request context variable named taskInstance. Specifies that a long-running conversation begins when this method returns a nonnull outcome without exception.CR2 257 . Specifies that a long-running conversation begins when this method returns a non-null outcome without exception. a business process context is also defined. taskIdParameter • — set the flush mode of any Seam-managed Hibernate sessions or JPA persistence contexts that are created during this conversation. The jPBM org.setName() on the built-in component named transition. Triggers a jBPM transition.ProcessInstance will be available in a request context variable named processInstance. The jBPM TaskInstance will be available in a request context variable named taskInstance. flushMode @EndTask @EndTask "Ends" a jBPM task.
0.jbpm. and that the redirect will be processed in a new temporary conversation context. Setting beforeRedirect=true specifies that the conversation should be destroyed at the end of the current request. • processIdParameter — the name a request parameter holding the process id. and if no transaction exists when the method is called. @ResumeProcess @ResumeProcess(processIdParameter="processId") Re-enters the scope of an existing jBPM process instance when the method returns a non-null outcome without exception. Default to "processId".processDefinitions.jboss. a transaction will be started just for that method.seam. • definition — the name of the jBPM process definition deployed via org. Annotations for use with Seam JavaBean components in a J2EE environment Seam provides an annotation that lets you force a rollback of the JTA transaction for certain action listener outcomes. @Transactional @Transactional Specifies that a JavaBean component should have a similar transactional behavior to the default behavior of a session bean component. beforeRedirect @CreateProcess @CreateProcess(definition="process definition name") Creates a new jBPM process instance when the method returns a non-null outcome without exception. The ProcessInstance object will be available in a context variable named processInstance. transition • — by default.bpm. ie. Defaults to the default transition.CR2 258 .Seam annotations Triggers the given jBPM transition. • — the name of the jBPM transition to be triggered when ending the task. This annotation may be JBoss Seam 2.5. the conversation will not actually be destroyed until after any redirect has occurred.0. 27. @Transition @Transition("cancel") Marks a method as signalling a transition in the current jBPM process instance whenever the method returns a non-null result. The ProcessInstance object will be available in a context variable named processInstance. method invocations should take place in a transaction.
Seam annotations
applied at either class or method level. Do not use this annotations on EJB 3.0 components, use @TransactionAttribute!
@ApplicationException @Transactional
@Interceptors @Transactional
TDB These annotations are mostly useful for JavaBean Seam components. If you use EJB 3.0 components, you should use the standard @TransactionAttribute annotation.
27.6. Annotations for exceptions
These annotations let you specify how Seam should handle an exception that propagates out of a Seam component.
@Redirect @Redirect(viewId="error.jsp")
Specifies that the annotated exception causes a browser redirect to a specified view id. • • •
— specifies the JSF view id to redirect to. You can use EL here. — a message to be displayed, default to the exception message.
message end
— specifies that the long-running conversation should end, default to false.
@HttpError @HttpError(errorCode=404)
Specifies that the annotated exception causes a HTTP error to be sent. • • •
errorCode message end
— the HTTP error code, default to 500.
— a message to be sent with the HTTP error, default to the exception message.
— specifies that the long-running conversation should end, default to false.
27.7. Annotations for Seam Remoting
Seam Remoting requires that the local interface of a session bean be annotated with the following annotation:
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Seam annotations
@WebRemote @WebRemote(exclude="path.to.exclude")
Indicates that the annotated method may be called from client-side JavaScript. The exclude property is optional and allows objects to be excluded from the result's object graph (see the Remoting chapter for more details).
27.8. Annotations for Seam interceptors
The following annotations appear on Seam interceptor classes. Please refer to the documentation for the EJB 3.0 specification for information about the annotations required for EJB interceptor definition.
@Interceptor @Interceptor(stateless=true)
Specifies that this interceptor is stateless and Seam may optimize replication.
Specifies that this interceptor is a "client-side" interceptor that is called before the EJB container.
@Interceptor(around={SomeInterceptor.class, OtherInterceptor.class})
Specifies that this interceptor is positioned higher in the stack than the given interceptors.
@Interceptor(within={SomeInterceptor.class, OtherInterceptor.class})
Specifies that this interceptor is positioned deeper in the stack than the given interceptors.
27.9. Annotations for asynchronicity
The following annotations are used to declare an asynchronous method, for example:
@Asynchronous public void scheduleAlert(Alert alert, @Expiration Date date) { ... }
@Asynchronous public Timer scheduleAlerts(Alert alert, @Expiration Date date, @IntervalDuration long interval) { ... }
@Asynchronous @Asynchronous
Specifies that the method call is processed asynchronously.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Seam annotations
Specifies that a parameter of the asynchronous call is the duration before the call is processed (or first processed for recurring calls).
@Expiration @Expiration
Specifies that a parameter of the asynchronous call is the datetime at which the call is processed (or first processed for recurring calls).
@IntervalDuration @IntervalDuration
Specifies that an asynchronous method call recurs, and that the annotationed parameter is duration between recurrences.
27.10. Annotations for use with JSF
The following annotations make working with JSF easier.
Allows a Seam component to act as a JSF converter. The annotated class must be a Seam component, and must implement javax.faces.convert.Converter. • •
— the JSF converter id. Defaults to the component name. — if specified, register this component as the default converter for a type.
Allows a Seam component to act as a JSF validator. The annotated class must be a Seam component, and must implement javax.faces.validator.Validator. •
— the JSF validator id. Defaults to the component name.
27.10.1. Annotations for use with dataTable
The following annotations make it easy to implement clickable lists backed by a stateful session bean. They appear on attributes.
@DataModel @DataModel("variableName")
Outjects a property of type List, Map, Set or Object[] as a JSF DataModel into the scope of the owning component (or the EVENT scope if the owning component is STATELESS). In the case of Map, each row of the DataModel is a Map.Entry.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Seam annotations
• •
value scope
— name of the conversation context variable. Default to the attribute name. — if scope=ScopeType.PAGE is explicitly specified, the DataModel will be kept in the PAGE con-
@DataModelSelection @DataModelSelection
Injects the selected value from the JSF DataModel (this is the element of the underlying collection, or the map value). If PAGE scope is specified on the associated @DataModel, then, in addition to the DataModel Selection being injected, the associated DataModel will also be injected. In this case, if the property annotated with @DataModel is a getter method, then a setter method for the property must also be part of the Business API of the containing Seam Component. • — name of the conversation context variable. Not needed if there is exactly one @DataModel in the component.
@DataModelSelectionIndex @DataModelSelectionIndex
Exposes the selection index of the JSF DataModel as an attribute of the component (this is the row number of the underlying collection, or the map key). • — name of the conversation context variable. Not needed if there is exactly one @DataModel in the component.
27.11. Meta-annotations for databinding
These meta-annotations make it possible to implement similar functionality to @DataModel and @DataModelSelection for other datastructures apart from lists.
@DataBinderClass @DataBinderClass(DataModelBinder.class)
Specifies that an annotation is a databinding annotation.
@DataSelectorClass @DataSelectorClass(DataModelSelector.class)
Specifies that an annotation is a dataselection annotation.
27.12. Annotations for packaging
This annotation provides a mechanism for declaring information about a set of components that are packaged JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2 262
Seam annotations
together. It can be applied to any Java package.
@Namespace @Namespace(value="http://jboss.com/products/seam/example/seampay")
Specifies that components in the current package are associated with the given namespace. The declared namespace can be used as an XML namespace in a components.xml file to simplify application configuration.
@Namespace(value="http://jboss.com/products/seam/core", prefix="org.jboss.seam.core")
Specifies a namespace to associate with a given package. Additionally, it specifies a component name prefix to be applied to component names specified in the XML file. For example, an XML element named init that is associated with this namespace would be understood to actually refere to a component named org.jboss.seam.core.init.
27.13. Annotations for integrating with the servlet container
These annotations allow you to integrate your Seam components with the servlet container.
Use the Seam component (which implements javax.servlet.Filter) annotated with @Filter as a servlet filter. It will be executed by Seam's master filter. •
@Filter(around={"seamComponent", "otherSeamComponent"})
Specifies that this filter is positioned higher in the stack than the given filters. •
@Filter(within={"seamComponent", "otherSeamComponent"})
Specifies that this filter is positioned deeper in the stack than the given filters.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Chapter 28. Built-in Seam components
This chapter describes Seam's built-in components, and their configuration properties. The built-in components will be created even if they are not listed in your components.xml file, but if you need to override default properties or specify more than one component of a certain type, components.xml is used. Note that you can replace any of the built in components with your own implementations simply by specifying the name of one of the built in components on your own class using @Name. Note also that even though all the built in components use a qualified name, most of them are aliased to unqualified names by default. These aliases specify auto-create="true", so you do not need to use create=true when injecting built-in components by their unqualified name.
28.1. Context injection components
The first set of built in components exist purely to support injection of various contextual objects. For example, the following component instance variable would have the Seam session context object injected:
@In private Context sessionContext;
Seam org.jboss.seam.core.contexts.sessionContext['user'].
Manager component for the FacesContext context object (not a true Seam context) All of these components are always installed.
28.2. Utility components
These components are merely useful.
Allows faces success messages to propagate across a browser redirect. • — add a faces message, which will be displayed during the next render response phase that occurs in the current conversation.
add(FacesMessage facesMessage)
— add a faces message, rendered from the given message template which may contain EL expressions.
add(String messageTemplate)
— add a faces message, rendered from the given message template which may contain EL expressions.
add(Severity severity, String messageTemplate)
— add a faces message, rendered from a message template defined in the Seam resource bundle which may contain EL expressions.
addFromResourceBundle(String key) addFromResourceBundle(Severity severity, String key)
— add a faces message, rendered from a
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Built-in Seam components
message template defined in the Seam resource bundle which may contain EL expressions. •
— clear all messages.
A convenient API for performing redirects with parameters (this is especially useful for bookmarkable search results screens). • •
— the JSF view id to redirect to. — determines whether the conversation will propagate
across the redirect. •
— a map of request parameter name to value, to be passed in the redirect re-
quest. • •
— perform the redirect immediately.
— stores the view id and request parameters of the current GET request (in the conversation context), for later use by calling execute().
A convenient API for sending HTTP errors.
An API for raising events that can be observed via @Observer methods, or method bindings in components.xml. • •
raiseEvent(String type)
— raise an event of a particular type and distribute to all observers. — raise an event to be processed asynchronously by the
raiseAsynchronousEvent(String type)
EJB3 timer service. •
raiseTimedEvent(String type, ....)
— schedule an event to be processed asynchronously by the
EJB3 timer service. •
addListener(String type, String methodBinding)
— add an observer for a particular event type.
An API for interpolating the values of JSF EL expressions in Strings. • — scan the template for JSF EL expressions of the form #{...} and replace them with their evaluated values.
interpolate(String template)
An API for creating value and method bindings. • •
createValueBinding(String expression)
— create a value binding object. — create a method binding object.
createMethodBinding(String expression)
Manager component for a JBoss Cache PojoCache instance.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Built-in Seam components
— the name of the configuration file. Default to treecache.xml.
All of these components are always installed.
28.3. Components for internationalization and themes
The next group of components make it easy to build internationalized user interfaces using Seam.
The Seam locale.
The Seam timezone. The timezone is session scoped.
The Seam resource bundle. The resource bundle is stateless. The Seam resource bundle performs a depthfirst search for keys in a list of Java resource bundles.
The resource loader provides access to application resources and resource bundles. • — the names of the Java resource bundles to search when the Seam resource bundle is used. Default to messages.
Supports selection of the locale either at configuration time, or by the user at runtime. • • • • • • •
— select the specified locale. — the actual java.util.Locale. — the stringified representation of the locale.
localeSelector.localeString localeSelector.language localeSelector.country localeSelector.variant
— the language for the specified locale.
— the country for the specified locale. — the variant for the specified locale. — a list of SelectItems representing the supported locales listed
in jsf-config.xml. •
— specifies that the locale selection should be persisted via a cookie.
Supports selection of the timezone either at configuration time, or by the user at runtime. • • •
— select the specified locale. — the actual java.util.TimeZone. — the stringified representation of the timezone.
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
Built-in Seam components
— specifies that the timezone selection should be persisted via a
A map containing internationalized messages rendered from message templates defined in the Seam resource bundle.
Supports selection of the theme either at configuration time, or by the user at runtime. • • • • •
— select the specified theme. — the list of defined themes.
theme.availableThemes themeSelector.theme
— the selected theme. — a list of SelectItems representing the defined themes. — specifies that the theme selection should be persisted via a cookie.
A map containing theme entries. All of these components are always installed.
28.4. Components for controlling conversations
The next group of components allow control of conversations by the application or user interface.
API for application control of attributes of the current Seam conversation. • • • • • • • •
— returns the current conversation id — is the current conversation a nested conversation? — is the current conversation a long-running conversation?
isLongRunning() getId()
— returns the current conversation id — returns the conversation id of the parent conversation
getParentId() getRootId()
— returns the conversation id of the root conversation — sets the timeout for the current conversation
setTimeout(int timeout)
— sets the view id to be used when switching back to the current conversation from the conversation switcher, conversation list, or breadcrumbs.
setViewId(String outcome)
— sets the description of the current conversation to be displayed in the conversation switcher, conversation list, or breadcrumbs.
setDescription(String description) redirect()
— redirect to the last well-defined view id for this conversation (useful after login chal-
JBoss Seam 2.0.0.CR2
• • setId(String actorId) getGroupActorIds() — sets the jBPM actor id of the current user. jBPM-related components These components are for use with jBPM.. — pop the conversation stack. org.seam. — change the flush mode of the conversation.conversationStack Manager component for the conversation stack (breadcrumbs).CR2 268 .jboss.seam. — returns a Set to which jBPM actor ids for the current users groups may be ad- ded.5.core. All of these components are always installed.bpm. returning to the parent conversation.jboss.seam.seam.")).faces.seam. JBoss Seam 2. • • • leave() begin() — exit the scope of this conversation. org. • • • • end() pop() — end a long-running conversation (equivalent to @End).0.transition API for application control of the jBPM transition for the current task. org.pageflow API control of Seam pageflows..seam.Built-in Seam components lenges). — return to the root conversation of the conversation stack.pageflow. 28.jboss.jboss. • • • • isInProcess() — returns true if there is currently a pageflow in process — returns jBPM ProcessInstance for the current pageflow — begin a pageflow in the context of the current conversation — reposition the current pageflow to a particular node getProcessInstance() begin(String pageflowName) reposition(String nodeName) org. without actually ending the conversation.0.actor API for application control of attributes of the jBPM actor associated with the current session.conversationList Manager component for the conversation list.jboss.bpm.switcher The conversation switcher. — begin a long-running conversation (equivalent to @Begin).jboss. pageflowName) beginPageflow(String — begin a long-running conversation with a pageflow (equivalent to @Begin(pageflow=".core. root() changeFlushMode(FlushModeType flushMode) org. org.
bpm. JBoss Seam 2.hasCurrentProcess() tion.businessProcess API for programmatic control of the association between the conversation and business process.jboss.processInstance Manager component for the jBPM ProcessInstance.seam. org. org.jbpm is installed.bpm. — associate the process with the given id with the current conversation.jboss.seam.pooledTask Action handler for pooled task assignment.jboss.hasCurrentTask() businessProcess.bpm.0.jboss.seam. org.seam.taskInstanceList Manager component for the jBPM task list.bpm.taskInstanceListForType Manager component for the jBPM task lists. — trigger the transition.seam.taskId — the id of the task associated with the current conversation. endTask(String transitionName) resumeTask(Long id) — associate the task with the given id with the current conversation.jboss.jboss.jboss.seam.seam. — end the task associated with the current conversation. — the id of the process associated with the current conversation. org.seam.0. • • • • • startTask() — start the task associated with the current conversation.bpm. org.jboss.jboss.jboss.processInstanceList The process instance task list.bpm.processInstanceFinder Manager for the process instance task list. org.bpm.pooledTaskInstanceList Manager component for the jBPM pooled task list.seam. org. All of these components are installed whenever the component org. • createProcess(String name) — create an instance of the named process definition and associate it with the current conversation. resumeProcess(Long id) transition(String transitionName) org.seam. — is a task instance associated with the current conversation? — is a process instance associated with the current conversa- businessProcess.jbpmContext Manager component for an event-scoped JbpmContext.processId businessProcess.Built-in Seam components • setName(String transitionName) — sets the jBPM transition name to be used when the current task is ended via @EndTask.CR2 269 .bpm.bpm.taskInstance Manager component for the jBPM TaskInstance.bpm.bpm. • • • • businessProcess.jboss. org.seam. org.
jms. 28. org.mailSession.password org.0.sessionJndiName 28.mailSession. Infrastructural components JBoss Seam 2. 28.port — the hostname of the SMTP server to use — the port of the SMTP server to use — the username to use to connect to the SMTP server.jboss.topicSession Manager component for a JMS TopicSession . — the password to use to connect to the SMTP server org. depending upon the roles available to the current principal.jboss.mail.jboss.jboss. org.mail.seam.seam. JMS-related components These components are for use with managed TopicPublishers and QueueSenders (see below).web.seam.seam.mailSession.mail.seam.mail.6.8.ssl org.mailSession Manager component for a JavaMail Session.mailSession.mail.isUserInRole Allows JSF pages to choose to render a control.web.9.queueSession Manager component for a JMS QueueSession . org.jboss.mailSession.jboss.0. Mail-related components These components are for use with Seam's Email support org.tls — enable JavaMail debugging (very verbose) — enable SSL connection to SMTP (will default to port 465) — by default true.jboss.mail.seam.jboss.mailSession.debug org. org.seam.seam.jms.seam.7.username org.userPrincipal Manager component for the current user Principal.jboss.mailSession. enable TLS support in the mail session • — name under which a javax. org.host org.seam.mail. <h:commandButton value="edit" rendered="#{isUserInRole['admin']}"/>. • • • • • • org.mail. If supplied.mail. all other properties will be ignored. The session can be either looked up in the JNDI context (by setting the sessionJndiName property) or it can created from the configuration options in which case the host is mandatory.mailSession.jboss.jboss.seam.seam.CR2 270 .Session is bound to JNDI.jboss.seam.Built-in Seam components 28.jboss.mail. Security-related components These components relate to web-tier security.
org.jndiPattern org.seam. Seam will save conversation context variables in the client instead of in the HttpSession.xml.jbpm Bootstraps a JbpmConfiguration.manager.jboss.seam.seam.jboss.clientSideConversations org. JBoss Seam 2.jboss.seam.httpsPort — global setting for the port to use when the https scheme is requested.jboss.manager.navigation.pages. You can install a component which isn't installed by default by setting install="true" on the component in components. org. • — maximum wait time for a thread attempting to gain a lock on the long-running conversation context.seam.jboss.jboss.debug — the JNDI pattern used for looking up session beans — enable Seam debug mode — if set to true.conversationIsLongRunningParameter org.seam. org.jboss.jboss. • org.manager.jboss. • org.pages Internal component for Seam workspace management.pages.jboss.bpm.core.init.resources — a list of resources to search for pages.httpPort • — global setting for the port to use when the http scheme is requested.seam. • — the request parameter used to propagate information about whether the conversation is long-running.Built-in Seam components These components provide critical platform infrastructure. Always installed.navigation.concurrentRequestTimeout org.jboss. default to conversationId. Defaults to WEB-INF/pages.init.jboss.seam. org.seam.core.core. • — global setting for the view id to redirect to when a conversation entry is not found on the server side.CR2 271 .navigation.jboss.jboss.core.navigation.seam.Jbpm.conversationIdParameter • — the request parameter used to propag- ate the conversation id.seam.noConversationViewId • — global setting for the view id to redirect to when an unauthenticated user tries to access a protected view.seam.core.navigation.seam. Always installed.jboss. • • • org.init Initialization settings for Seam.xml style re- sources. Install as class org. Always installed.seam.xml.jboss.core.pages. org.seam.manager.init. • org.0. org.core.seam.navigation.jboss.jboss.pages.core.seam.loginViewId org.pages.conversationTimeout — the conversation context timeout in milli- seconds.core. org.bpm.manager Internal component for Seam page and conversation context management.0.userTransactionName UserTransaction • — the JNDI name to use when looking up the JTA object.seam. default to conversationIsLongRunning.init. org.core.
topicConnectionFactoryJndiName — the JNDI name of a JMS TopicConnectionFactory.introspector Support for the Seam Debug Page.seam. org.jboss.faces.jboss.jboss.conversationEntries Internal session-scoped component recording the active long-running conversations between requests.core. org.topicConnection.seam.persistence.seam. org.jboss.persistenceProvider Abstraction layer for non-standardized features of JPA provider. Default to UIL2ConnectionFactory org.seam.validators Caches instances of Hibernate Validator ClassValidator.faces.0.seam. org. JBoss Seam 2.jms. org.seam.facesPage Internal page-scoped component recording the conversation context associated with a page.persistenceContexts Internal component recording the persistence contexts which were used in the current conversation.jboss.exceptions Internal component for exception handling. • org.queueConnectionFactoryJndiName — the JNDI name of a JMS QueueConnectionFactory.seam.jboss.jboss.jbpm.transaction.seam. org.jboss.queueConnection Manages a JMS QueueConnection.contexts Support for the Seam Debug Page.seam.bpm. Default to UIL2ConnectionFactory org.seam.jboss.jms. • org.transaction API for controlling transactions and abstracting the underlying transaction management implementation behind a JTA-compatible interface.debug.jboss.jboss. org. org.pageflowDefinitions — a list of resource names of jPDL files to be used for orchestration of conversation page flows.jboss.jboss.seam.seam.jms.Built-in Seam components • org.CR2 272 .queueConnection.topicConnection Manages a JMS TopicConnection.exception. org.seam.bpm.seam.jms.persistence. org.jboss.jboss.debug.safeActions Decides if an action expression in an incoming URL is safe.faces. org.seam.jbpm.processDefinitions — a list of resource names of jPDL files to be used for orchestration of business processes.core. This is done by checking that the action expression exists in the view.seam.jboss.0.jboss. • org. Installed whenever managed managed TopicPublisher is installed.validation Allows the application to determine whether validation failed or was successful.seam. Installed whenever managed managed QueueSender is installed.
core. This is most useful when using JPA outside of an EJB 3.persistence.persistence.seam.seam.persistence. default to java:/<managedPersistenceContext>. See the API JavaDoc for further configuration properties. org. For example. org.jboss.ManagedPersistenceContext"> <property name="persistenceUnitJndiName">java:/comp/emf/userPersistence</property> </component> The Seam component names are bookingDatabase and userDatabase.jboss.0 supporting environment. the following lines in components.dispatcher Dispatcher stateless session bean for asynchronous methods.core. org. • <entityManager>. <entityManager>. org.async.CR2 273 .11.seam. • entityManagerFactory.ManagedPersistenceContext"> <property name="persistenceUnitJndiName">java:/comp/emf/bookingPersistence</property> </component> <component name="userDatabase" class="org.jboss.Built-in Seam components 28.jboss.0.image Image manipulation and interrogation.jboss.jboss. Miscellaneous components These components don't fit into org.seam. JBoss Seam 2.jboss.seam.persistence.seam.seam.0.seam.xml install and configure two Seam components: <component name="bookingDatabase" class="org. org.jboss. 28. <entityManagerFactory>.persistenceUnitJndiName — the JNDI name of the entity manager factory.10. <entityManager>.EntityManagerFactory Manages a JPA EntityManagerFactory.entityManagerFactory — a value binding expression that evaluates to an instance of EntityManagerFactory.ManagedPersistenceContext Manager component for a conversation scoped managed EntityManager with an extended persistence context.persistenceUnitName — the name of the persistence unit.uiComponent Manages a map of UIComponents keyed by component id.pojoCache Manager component for a PojoCache instance. Special components Certain special Seam component classes are installable multiple times under names specified in the Seam configuration.core.
org.queueJndiName — the JNDI name of the JMS queue.seam. <ruleBase>.jboss.jms. since it does not support dynamic installation of new rules. — the path to the configuration file. default to Manages a Hibernate SessionFactory.cfg.topicJndiName — the JNDI name of the JMS topic. org. org.seam.seam.EntityQuery <hibernateEntityQuery>.seam.Built-in Seam components <session>. • <managedQueueSender>.jboss.jboss.HibernateEntityHome <entityQuery>. <sessionFactory>.jboss.seam. <session>.HibernateEntityQuery JBoss Seam 2.jboss. — a Drools DSL definition. Default to hibern- See the API JavaDoc for further configuration properties.EntityHome <hibernateEntityHome>.sessionFactoryJndiName java:/<managedSession>.framework.jboss.CR2 274 .drools.ManagedQueueSender Manager component for an event scoped managed JMS QueueSender. Note that this is not really intended for production usage. <managedWorkingMemory>.0.seam.seam. org.framework.framework.jboss. • <session>.jms. org. org. • <managedTopicPublisher>.xml.sessionFactory Factory.ManagedTopicPublisher Manager component for an event scoped managed JMS TopicPublisher.ManagedWorkingMemory Manager component for a conversation scoped managed Drools WorkingMemory. • <ruleBase>.ManagedSession Manager component for a conversation scoped managed Hibernate Session. <managedQueueSender>. org. <entityHome>. org.jboss.RuleBase Manager component for an application scoped Drools RuleBase.0.jboss.ruleBase — a value expression that evaluates to an instance of RuleBase. org.ruleFiles <ruleBase>.cfgResourceName ate. • <sessionFactory>.drools. org.seam. <managedTopicPublisher>.HibernateSessionFactory — a value binding expression that evaluates to an instance of Session- — the JNDI name of the session factory.persistence.jboss. • <managedWorkingMemory>.seam.seam.framework.persistence.dslFile — a list of files containing Drools rules.
nest. 29. Attributes • • • • • • value <s:button> — the label.CR2 275 .Chapter 29. Note that <s:cache> actually uses the instance of JBoss Cache managed by the built-in pojoCache component. JBoss Seam 2.com/products/seam/taglib"> The ui example demonstrates the use of a number of these tags.0. none or end.0. — is the link disabled? fragment disabled — determines the conversation propagation style: begin. — the fragment identifier to link to.) pageflow Usage <s:button id="cancel" value="Cancel" action="#{hotelBooking. (This is only useful when propagation="begin" or propagation="join". and Apache MyFaces Trinidad tag libraries for use with Seam. We do not recommend the use of the Tomahawk tag library. and controls from other third-party libraries. propagation • — a pageflow definition to begin.w3. These are intended to complement the built-in JSF controls.cancel}"/> <s:cache> Description Cache the rendered page fragment using JBoss Cache. Tags To use these tagsd. Does not submit the form. define the "s" namespace in your page as follows (facelets only): <html xmlns="http://www. Seam JSF Control Reference Description A button that supports invocation of an action with control over conversation propagation. join. Table 29.1.1. Seam JSF controls Seam includes a number of JSF controls that are useful for working with Seam. — a method binding that specified the action listener. action view — the JSF view id to link to.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:s="http://jboss. We recommend JBoss RichFaces.
0.Seam JSF controls Attributes • — the key to cache rendered content. Facelets only.CR2 276 . (This is only useful when propagation="begin" or propagation="join". join. <h:outputText value="#{blogEntry.id}".title}</h3> <div> <s:formattedText value="#{blogEntry.date}"> <f:convertDateTime timezone="#{blog. none or end. Attributes • — determines the conversation propagation style: begin.0.locale}" type="both"/> </h:outputText>] </p> </div> </s:cache> <s:conversationId> Description Add the conversation id to an output link (or similar JSF control).body}"/> </div> <p> [Posted on . propagation • — a pageflow definition to begin.timeZone}" locale="#{blog. Facelets only. <s:conversationPropag ation> Description Customize the conversation propagation for a command link or button (or similar JSF control). — a JBoss Cache node to use (different nodes can have different expiry policies). nest. For example.) pageflow Usage <h:commandButton value="Apply" action="#{personHome. often a value expression. we might use key="Document-#{document. key enabled region • • — a value expression that determines if the cache should be used. if we were caching a page fragment that displays a document.id}" region="pageFragments"> <div class="blogEntry"> <h3>#{blogEntry.update}"> <s:conversationPropagation type="join" /> </h:commandButton> JBoss Seam 2. Attributes None. Usage <s:cache key="entry-#{blogEntry.
0.seam. Attributes None. Usage <h:outputText value="#{item.."/> <s:convertEntity /> </h:selectOneMenu> <s:convertEnum> Description Assigns an enum converter to the current component. This is primarily useful for radio button and dropdown controls. The converter works with any managed entity which has an @Id annotation either simple or composite. This is primarily useful for radio button and dropdown controls.resultList}" var="continent" label="#{continent.orderDate}"> <s:convertDateTime type="both" dateStyle="full"/> </h:outputText> <s:convertEntity> Description Assigns an entity converter to the current component.xml: <component name="org. If your Managed Persistence Context isn't called entityManager.Seam JSF controls <s:convertDateTime> Description Perform date or time conversions in the Seam timezone. then you need to set it in components.CR2 277 . Attributes None.0. Attributes None.EntityConverter"> <property name="entityManager">#{em}</property> </component> Usage <h:selectOneMenu value="#{person..continent}" required="true"> <s:selectItems value="#{continents.jboss. "Seam managed transactions") with <s:convertEntity />.name}" noSelectionLabel="Please Select.2. Usage JBoss Seam 2.ui. Configuration You must use Seam managed transactions (see Section 8.
#{required} evaluates to true if you have set the input component being decorated as required.0.com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java.Seam JSF controls <h:selectOneMenu value="#{person.sun.w3.label}" noSelectionLabel="Please select" /> <s:convertEnum /> </h:selectOneMenu> <s:decorate> Description "Decorate" a JSF input field when validation fails or when required="true" is set.com/jsf/core" xmlns:s="http://jboss. JBoss Seam 2.com/jsf/facelets" xmlns:h="http://java.country}" required="true"/> </s:decorate> <ui:composition xmlns="http://www.sun.com/products/seam/taglib"> <div> <s:label styleClass="#{invalid?'error':''}"> <ui:insert name="label"/> <s:span styleClass="required" rendered="#{required}">*</s:span> </s:label> <span class="#{invalid?'error':''}"> <s:validateAll> <ui:insert/> </s:validateAll> </span> <s:message styleClass="error"/> </div> </ui:composition> <s:div> Description Render a HTML <div>.0.CR2 278 .sun. and #{invalid} evaluates to true if a validation error occurs.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ui="http://java.honorific}"> <s:selectItems value="#{honorifics}" var="honorific" label="#{honorific. #{invalid} Usage <s:decorate template="edit.xhtml"> <ui:define name="label">Country:</ui:define> <h:inputText value="#{location. Attributes • template — the facelets template to use to decorate the component and #{required} are available inside s:decorate. Attributes None.
0.servlet.CR2 279 .e: <h:form enctype="multipart/form-data"> For multipart requests. createTempFiles JBoss Seam 2.jboss. i.paymentFrequency}"> <s:convertEnum /> <s:enumItem enumValue="ONCE" label="Only Once" /> <s:enumItem enumValue="EVERY_MINUTE" label="Every Minute" /> <s:enumItem enumValue="HOURLY" label="Every Hour" /> <s:enumItem enumValue="DAILY" label="Every Day" /> <s:enumItem enumValue="WEEKLY" label="Every Week" /> </h:selectOneRadio> <s:fileUpload> Description Renders a file upload control. </s:div> <s:enumItem> Description Creates a SelectItem from an enum value.xml: <filter> <filter-name>Seam Filter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.seam. but this member does not exist.Seam JSF controls Usage <s:div rendered="#{selectedMember == null}"> Sorry. uploaded files are streamed to a temporary file instead of in memory. the Seam Multipart servlet filter must also be configured in web. — the label to be used when rendering the SelectItem.0. This control must be used within a form with an encoding type of multipart/form-data. Usage <h:selectOneRadio id="radioList" layout="lineDirection" value="#{newPayment.SeamFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Seam Filter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> Configuration The following configuration options for multipart requests may be configured in components. Attributes • • enumValue label — the string representation of the enum value.xml: • — if this option is set to true.
Usage <s:formattedText value="#{blog. — this value binding receives the file size (optional). — this value binding receives the filename (optional). data contentType fileName fileSize accept • • • • — this value binding receives the file's content type (optional). — a comma-separated list of content types to accept.0.seam.MultipartFilter"> <property name="createTempFiles">true</property> <property name="maxRequestSize">1000000</property> </component> Attributes • — this value binding receives the binary file data. may not be supported by the browser. Here's an example: <component class="org.Seam JSF controls • maxRequestSize — the maximum size of a file upload request. E. See the Seam Text chapter for full usage. The receiving field should be declared as a byte[] or InputStream (required).0. Attributes • value — an EL expression specifying the rich text markup to render.images/jpg". wikis and other applications that might use rich text. a rich text markup useful for blogs.CR2 280 .web. "images/png.picture}" accept="image/png" contentType="#{register. "images/*".g. in bytes.jboss.pictureContentType}" /> <s:formattedText> Description Outputs Seam Text. style • • — The control's style — The control's style class styleClass Usage <s:fileUpload id="picture" data="#{register.text}"/> Example JBoss Seam 2.
Usage <s:fragment rendered="#{auction. Can be a path String (loaded from the classpath). Attributes None.CR2 281 .io. a byte[]. value JBoss Seam 2. <s:fragment> Description A non-rendering component useful for enabling/disabling rendering of it's children. a java.InputStream or a java.net.io.highBidder ne null}"> Current bid: </s:fragment> <s:graphicImage> Description An extended <h:graphicImage> that allows the image to be created in a Seam Component. image/jpeg and image/gif.URL. All attributes for <h:graphicImage> are supported. a java. as well as: Attributes • — image to display. Facelets only.Seam JSF controls <s:validateFormattedT ext> Description Checks that the submitted value is valid Seam Text Attributes None. further transforms can be applied to the image.File. Currently supported image formats are image/png.0.0.
and one of width/height are specified. maintainRatio factor • — scale the image by the given factor <s:transformImageBlur> • radius — perform a convolution blur with the given radius <s:transformImageType> • contentType age/png — alter the type of the image to either image/jpeg or im- It's easy to create your own transform .jboss. This name should be unique fileName Transformations To apply a transform to the image. the image will be resized with the dimension not specified being calculated to maintain the aspect ratio. If you want to name your file.ui.CR2 282 .image. you would nest a tag specifying the transform to apply.0.graphicImage. Does not submit the form.getBufferedImage() to get the original image and image. Usage <s:graphicImage rendered="#{auction. JBoss Seam 2.Seam JSF controls • — if not specified the served image will have a generated file name.data}"> <s:transformImageSize width="200" maintainRatio="true"/> </s:graphicImage> <s:link> Description A link that supports invocation of an action with control over conversation propagation.setBufferedImage() to set your transformed image. Transforms are applied in the order specified in the view. Seam currently supports these transforms: <s:transformImageSize> • • • width — new width of the image — new height of the image height — if true.seam.image ne null}" value="#{auction.ImageTransform. Inside the applyTransform()method use image. Attributes • value — the label.0. you should specify it here.create a UIComponent which implements org.
or end. — the fragment identifier to link to. — the JSF view id to link to. Usage <f:facet name="afterInvalidField"> <s:span>  . (This is only useful when or propagation="join".country}" required="true"/> <s:remote> Description 283 JBoss Seam 2.xhtml" value="Register New User"/> <s:message> Description "Decorate" a JSF input field with the validation error message.) Usage <s:link id="register" view="/register.CR2 .0. join. — is the link disabled? — determines the conversation propagation style: begin. <s:message/> </s:span> </f:facet> <s:label> Description "Decorate" a JSF input field with the label. and is associated with the nearest JSF input component. fragment disabled propagation nest. It is often used with <s:decorate>. Attributes • • style — The control's style — The control's style class styleClass Usage <s:label styleClass="label"> Country: </s:label> <h:inputText value="#{location. Attributes None.Error: . The label is placed inside the HTML <label> tag.Seam JSF controls • • • • • action view — a method binding that specified the action listener.0. none • pageflow propagation="begin" — a pageflow definition to begin.
0. which when clicked causes the calendar to display the month following the one currently displayed. (4) seam-date-header-prevMonth • — This class is applied to the "next month" table cell. (7) seam-date-footer • — This class is applied to the table cell (td) elements that contain a date within the month currently displayed. which contains the names of the week days. (td). (9) seam-date-outMonth • — This class is applied to the table cell (td) element that contains the currently selected date. (10) seam-date-selected • — This class is applied to the table cell (td) elements that contain a "day off" date (i. (5) seam-date-header-nextMonth • — This class is applied to the calendar days header row (tr). which displays the current date. (1) It is also applied to the table that controls the inner layout of the calendar.CR2 285 . weekend days.e.Seam JSF controls CSS Styling The following list describes the CSS class names that are used to control the style of the selectDate control. Saturday and Sunday) within the currently selected month. (6) seam-date-headerDays • — This class is applied to the calendar footer row (tr).0. which when clicked causes the calendar to display the month prior to the one currently displayed. • — This class is applied to the outer div containing the popup calendar. (3) seam-date-header • — This class is applied to the "previous month" table cell. (2) seam-date • — This class is applied to the calendar header table row (tr) and header table cells (td). (11) seam-date-dayOff-inMonth JBoss Seam 2. (td). (8) seam-date-inMonth • — This class is applied to the table cell (td) elements that contain a date outside of the month currently displayed.
Attributes • value — an EL expression specifying the data that backs the List<SelectItem> • — defines the name of the local variable that holds the current object during iteration var • — the label to be used when rendering the SelectItem. the noSelectionLabel will be hidden when a value is selected Usage JBoss Seam 2.0. (12) seam-date-dayOff-outMonth • — This class is applied to the table cell (td) element over which the cursor is hovering. DataModel or Array. Can reference the var variable disabled • — specifies the (optional) label to place at the top of list (if required="true" is also specified then selecting this value will cause a validation error) noSelectionLabel hideNoSelectionLabel • — if true. weekend days. (15) seam-date-monthNameLink • — This class is applied to the div control that contains the popup year selector.CR2 286 .e. Can reference the var variable label • — if true the SelectItem will be rendered disabled. (16) seam-date-years • — This class is applied to the anchor (a) controls that contain the popup years. Set. Saturday and Sunday) outside of the currently selected month.0.Seam JSF controls • — This class is applied to the table cell (td) elements that contain a "day off" date (i. (14) seam-date-monthNames • — This class is applied to the anchor (a) controls that contain the popup month names. (15) seam-date-yearLink <s:selectItems> Description Creates a List<SelectItem> from a List. (13) seam-date-hover • — This class is applied to the div control that contains the popup month selector.
Attributes None. <s:validate> Description A non-visual control. Facelets only.0.Seam JSF controls <h:selectOneMenu value="#{person. when the task is available via #{task}. Attributes None. Attributes None. Usage <s:validateAll> <div class="entry"> JBoss Seam 2. Usage <h:inputText id="userName" required="true" value="#{customer. Usage <s:span styleClass="required" rendered="#{required}">*</s:span> <s:taskId> Description Add the task id to an output link (or similar JSF control). validates all child JSF input fields against their bound properties using Hibernate Validator. Attributes None.ageConverter}"> <s:selectItems value="#{ages}" var="age" label="#{age}" /> </h:selectOneMenu> <s:span> Description Render a HTML <span>.0. validates a JSF input field against the bound property using Hibernate Validator.age}" converter="#{converters.CR2 287 .userName}"> <s:validate /> </h:inputText> <h:message for="userName" styleClass="error" /> <s:validateAll> Description A non-visual control.
Annotations Seam also provides annotations to allow you to use Seam components as JSF converters and validators: @Converter @Name("fooConverter") @BypassInterceptors @Converter public class FooConverter implements Converter { @In EntityManager entityManager. String value) { entityManager.validate(value).password}" required="true"/> <h:message for="password" styleClass="error" /> </div> <div class="entry"> <h:outputLabel for="verify">Verify Password:</h:outputLabel> <h:inputSecret id="verify" value="#{register.verify}" required="true"/> <h:message for="verify" styleClass="error" /> </div> </s:validateAll> 29.2.0. Object value) throws ValidatorException { return fooController. when converting the value back to it's object representation.joinTransaction(). } JBoss Seam 2. public void validate(FacesContext context.CR2 288 . // Do the conversion } public String getAsString(FacesContext context.0.username}" required="true"/> <h:message for="username" styleClass="error" /> </div> <div class="entry"> <h:outputLabel for="password">Password:</h:outputLabel> <h:inputSecret id="password" value="#{user. UIComponent cmp. @Validator @Name("barValidator") @BypassInterceptors @Validator public class BarValidator implements Validator { @In FooController fooController.Seam JSF controls <h:outputLabel for="username">Username:</h:outputLabel> <h:inputText id="username" value="#{user. UIComponent cmp. Object value) { // Do the conversion } } Registers the Seam component as a JSF converter. UIComponent cmp. Shown here is a converter which is able to access the JPA EntityManager inside a JTA transaction. @Transactional public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context.
0. JBoss Seam 2. the injected component is used to validate the value.Seam JSF controls } Registers the Seam component as a JSF validator.0.CR2 289 . Shown here is a validator which injects another Seam component.
including any JSF method binding.bookHotel(hotel.1. This means that a method with parameters cannot be used as a JSF method binding. you will see that the command button contains these names. user. Usage Parameters are surrounded by parentheses.0. Expression language enhancements Seam provides an extension to the standard Unified Expression Language (EL) called JBoss EL.0.id and user. 30.1. JBoss EL provides a number of enhancements that increase the expressiveness and power of EL expressions. Parameterized Method Bindings Standard EL assumes that any parameters to a method expression will be provided by Java code.bookHotel(hotel.username)}" value="Book Hotel"/> Note: You can not pass objects as arguments! All that is passed is names. Seam provides an enhancement to the EL that allows parameters to be included in a method expression itself. for example: <h:commandButton action="#{hotelBooking.Chapter 30. Limitations Please be aware of the following limitations: JBoss Seam 2. This applies to any Seam method expression. This gives you an alternative to the use of @In.1. Any value expression may be used as a parameter: <h:commandButton action="#{hotelBooking. hotel. These name arguments will be submitted to the server when you press the button. for example. If the arguments can not be resolved at that time (because hotel and user variables can not be found in any available context) the action method will be called with null arguments! You may however pass literal strings using single or double quotes: <h:commandLink action="#{printer. and Seam will look up and resolve these names (in any available context) before the action method is called. This improves readability by making it clear that the expression is a method expression and not a value expression: <s:link value="Cancel" action="#{hotelBooking. user)}" value="Book Hotel"/> The parameters hotel and user will be evaluated as value expressions and passed to the bookHotel() method of the component.cancel()}"/> 30.CR2 290 .println('Hello world!')}" value="Hello"/> <h:commandLink action="#{printer. If you check the rendered code of the previous example.1.bookHotel(hotel)}" value="Book Hotel"/> 30. even when you don't have parameters to pass.id. and separated by commas: <h:commandButton action="#{hotelBooking.username.2.println('Hello again')} value="Hello"/> You might even want to use this notation for all your action methods.
getMethodInfo(). however. don't have appropriately named property accessors or require parameters. With this extension. #{person.1. when a MethodExpression or MethodBinding is created. #{controller.2. For example. This has two minor consequences: • When you invoke a MethodExpression in Java code. For instance. Calling a MethodExpression from Java code Normally. the parameter types are passed in by JSF.name} requires a getName() be present. the expression JBoss Seam 2.CR2 291 . We anticipate that the projection syntax will change in future versions of JBoss EL. you must first invoke the MethodExpression before calling getParamTypes(). In the case of a method binding. For example.property} would be identical to the expression #{obj.productsByColor('blue')} 30. #{searchResults. set.0. Many objects.name.Expression language enhancements 30.length()} You can access the size of a collection in a similar manner.getParamTypes() at any time.2. Parameters are also allowed. Incompatibility with JSP 2. It is important to note that this syntax cannot be parsed by Facelets or by JavaServer Pages and thus cannot be used in xhtml or JSP files.2. The following example calls the productsByColorMethod with a literal string argument..0..) expression. 30.size()} In general any expression of the form #{obj.1 This extension is not currently compatible with JSP 2. Parameters defined in the expression will take precedence. These values can be retrieved using the method syntax. JSF assumes that there are no parameters to pass. which work similarly to parameterized method bindings. parameters you pass may be ignored.2. • Both of these cases are exceedingly rare and only apply when you want to invoke the MethodExpression by hand in Java code. the expression #{person. and they follow the same restrictions as with method bindings. Projection JBoss EL supports a limited projection syntax.1. etc. 30. the following expression returns the size of a string using the length() method. So if you want to use this extension with JSF 1.0.2. The extension works correctly with JSP 2.getProperty()}. For an expression with parameters.3. A projection expression maps a sub-expression across a multi-valued (list. we can't know the parameter types until after the expression has been evaluated. Parameterized Value Bindings Standard EL only allows access to properties that follow the JavaBean naming conventions.1. you will need to use Facelets.1. Ordinarily. it is safe to call methodExpression.
{e|e}}} JBoss Seam 2.{d|d.{d|d.Expression language enhancements #{company. The following expression returns the last names of every employee in every department.employees.{emp|emp. The result of this expression will be a list of String values. If you only need a list of department names.departments.departments. #{company. JBoss EL allows this with a projection expression. #{company. however.departments. assuming you had a use for the lengths of all the department names in a company.employees.name is evaluated for each department. Any valid expression can be used in an expression. so it would be perfectly valid to write the following. it actually returns a list containing a list of the employees for each individual department. The following expression looks like it returns a list of all the employees in all the departments. your only option is to iterate over the list to retrieve the values.CR2 292 .departments} might return a list of departments. To combine the values. In this example.{d|d.{d|d. it is necessary to use a slightly longer expression. the expression d.size()}} Projections can be nested.0.0.{d|d. #{company. #{company. using d as an alias to the department object. #{company.name}} The subexpression is enclosed in braces.departments.lastName}}} Nested projections can be slightly tricky.employees}} However.departments.
if (existing. everything except the view pages).size()==0) { em.getResultList().0. Both kinds of tests are very easy to write. } else { return null. and scripted integration tests which exercise all Java layers of the application (that is. which test a particular Seam component in isolation.getUsername()) .persist(user).createQuery("select username from User where username=:username") . Consider the following Seam component: @Stateless @Scope(EVENT) @Name("register") public class RegisterAction implements Register { private User user.0.begin(). private EntityManager em.Chapter 31.setParameter("username".getTransaction(). JBoss Seam 2.createEntityManager().em = em. } } } We could write a TestNG test for this component as follows: public class RegisterActionTest { @Test public testRegisterAction() { EntityManager em = getEntityManagerFactory().user = user. } @PersistenceContext public void setBookingDatabase(EntityManager em) { this. user. } public String register() { List existing = em. return "success". 31. Unit testing Seam components All Seam components are POJOs. it's very easy to test a Seam component outside of its normal runtime environment. Testing Seam applications Most Seam applications will need at least two kinds of automated tests: unit tests.1. This is a great place to start if you want easy unit testing. @In public void setUser(User user) { this. And since Seam emphasises the use of bijection for inter-component interactions and access to contextual objects.CR2 293 . em.
we can't eliminate the container infrastructure.setUser(gavin). Integration testing Seam components Integration testing is slightly more difficult. gavin.0. } } Seam components don't usually depend directly upon container infrastructure. } @Configuration(afterTestClass=true) public void destroy() { emf. "1ovthafew").username}".Testing Seam applications User gavin = new User(). action.setUserName("1ovthafew").setName("Gavin King"). indeed. The approach taken by Seam is to let you write tests that exercise your components while running inside a pruned down container environment (Seam. RegisterAction action = new RegisterAction().setBookingDatabase(em). } @Configuration(beforeTestClass=true) public void init() { emf = Persistence. In this case. gavin.createEntityManagerFactory("myResourceLocalEntityManager"). } private EntityManagerFactory emf.equals( action.2. assert "success". we don't want to be forced to deploy our application to an application server to run the automated tests. em. public class RegisterTest extends SeamTest { @Test public void testRegisterComponent() throws Exception { new ComponentTest() { protected void testComponents() throws Exception { setValue("#{user. that is part of what is being tested! At the same time.register() ). public EntityManagerFactory getEntityManagerFactory() { return emf.commit(). JBoss Seam 2. em. action. We need to be able to reproduce just enough of the container infrastructure inside our testing environment to be able to exercise the whole application. gavin.close().setPassword("secret").0.close().CR2 294 . without hurting performance too much. so most unit testing as as easy as that! 31. together with the JBoss Embedded container).getTransaction().
Using mocks in integration tests Occasionally. 31. assert getValue("#{user. but they are not appropriate for use at development time. assert invokeMethod("#{register.equals("secret").Testing Seam applications setValue("#{user. } . Let's consider a JSP view for the component we unit tested above: <html> <head> <title>Register New User</title> JBoss Seam 2. lets you write scripted tests. In other words. so the real component will be installed. the mock implementation is absent.equals("1ovthafew"). For example.run(). we need to be able to replace the implementation of some Seam component that depends upon resources which are not available in the integration test environment. assert getValue("#{user. The role of a scripted test is to reproduce the interaction between the view and the Seam components. } } Since the MOCK precedence is higher than the default precedence of application components.3.CR2 295 . in a simulated JSF environment.2.. } 31..1. Integration testing Seam application user interactions An even harder problem is emulating user interactions. Some test frameworks let us test the whole application by reproducing user interactions with the web browser.equals("success").name}". } } For integration tests. suppose we have some Seam component which is a facade to some payment processing system: @Name("paymentProcessor") public class PaymentProcessor { public boolean processPayment(Payment payment) { .name}"). } }.0.. we can mock out this component as follows: @Name("paymentProcessor") @Install(precedence=MOCK) public class MockPaymentProcessor extends PaymentProcessor { public void processPayment(Payment payment) { return true.username}").. assert getValue("#{user..0.password}"). "Gavin King").password}". These frameworks have their place. setValue("#{user. you get to pretend you are the JSF implementation! SeamTest This approach tests everything except the view. Seam will install the mock implementation whenever it is in the classpath. "secret").equals("Gavin King").register}"). A third problem is where to put our assertions. When deployed into production.
name}"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Password</td> <td><h:inputSecret value="#{user.run(). "Gavin King").name}". } @Override protected void invokeApplication() { assert invokeMethod("#{register.register}"). validateValue("#{user. "1ovthafew").username}"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Real Name</td> <td><h:inputText value="#{user.name}").username}").equals("Gavin King"). } @Override protected { assert assert assert } }. getValue("#{user. validateValue("#{user. void renderResponse() getValue("#{user.password}").password}".equals("secret"). "Gavin King"). "1ovthafew").equals("1ovthafew").0. getValue("#{user. assert !isValidationFailure(). "secret").0. We'll reproduce the JSF request lifecycle in an automated TestNG test: public class RegisterTest extends SeamTest { @Test public void testRegister() throws Exception { new FacesRequest() { @Override protected void processValidations() throws Exception { validateValue("#{user.register}"/> </h:form> </f:view> </body> </html> We want to test the registration functionality of our application (the stuff that happens when the user clicks the Register button).username}".username}". "secret").password}"/></td> </tr> </table> <h:messages/> <h:commandButton type="submit" value="Register" action="#{register.Testing Seam applications </head> <body> <f:view> <h:form> <table border="0"> <tr> <td>Username</td> <td><h:inputText value="#{user.name}". setValue("#{user.equals("success"). JBoss Seam 2. } @Override protected void updateModelValues() throws Exception { setValue("#{user.CR2 296 .password}". setValue("#{user.
(There is also a SeamTest.FacesRequest.CR2 297 .Testing Seam applications } . There are instructions for running these tests using Ant. } Notice that we've extended SeamTest.0. and written our test script as an anonymous class that extends SeamTest.) We've written our code in methods which are named for the various JSF phases. which provides an emulated JSF request lifecycle.. to emulate the calls that JSF would make to our components. or using the TestNG plugin for eclipse: JBoss Seam 2.NonFacesRequest for testing GET requests. You'll find plenty of integration tests for the Seam example applications which demonstrate more complex cases.. Then we've thrown in various assertions.0. which provides a Seam environment for our components.
0.CR2 298 .0.Testing Seam applications JBoss Seam 2.
Pageflow viewer This tool let you design to some extend your pageflows and let you build graphical views of them so you can easily share and compare ideas on how it should be designed. Business process designer This tool lets you design your own business process in a graphical way.2.0. This convenient tool is part of JBoss Eclipse IDE and more details can be found in the jBPM's documentation (http://docs.1. 32.CR2 299 .0. JBoss Seam 2. jBPM designer and viewer The jBPM designer and viewer will let you design and view in a nice way your business processes and your pageflows.1.com/jbpm/v3/gpd/) 32.1. Seam tools 32.Chapter 32.jboss.1.
0.Seam tools JBoss Seam 2.CR2 300 .0.
0.jar jsf-api.Chapter 33. Where the type is listed as ear.jar provided provided runtime runtime war war jsf-impl.jar jsf-facelets.CR2 . Name commons-codec. The core Seam library.pom.jar runtime war jboss-seam-ioc. Dependencies 33.jar Scope runtime Type ear Notes Required by Seam Security when using Digest authentication. 33. Project Dependencies This section both lists the compile-time and runtime dependencies for Seam.1. the library should be placed in the /WEB-INF/lib directory of your application's war file. always required. runtime or provided (by JBoss AS 4.jar Facelets URL Rewrite library 301 urlrewrite.xml Maven POM.jar runtime war jboss-seam-pdf.jar runtime runtime war war jboss-seam-ui. The scope of the dependency is either all.jar all ear jboss-seam-debug.jar JBoss Seam 2.2). Up to date version information is not included in the docs.1. Where the type is listed as war.jar runtime war jboss-seam-remoting. the library should be included in the /lib directory of your application's ear file.1. Include during development when enabling Seam's debug feature Required when using Seam with Spring Required when using Seam's PDF features Required when using Seam Remoting Required to use the Seam JSF controls JSF API JSF Reference Implementation jboss-seam. Core Table 33.0. but is provided in the /build/root.1.
jar 33. Seam Mail Dependencies Name activation.jar runtime war Seam Mail JBoss Seam 2. to create a tree Required to use RichFaces.jar runtime runtime war war richfaces-ui.1.jar mail-ra.2.0.3.rar should be deployed to the application server at runtime mail. richfaces-impl.0. Provides all the UI components.jar Scope runtime runtime Type ear ear Notes Required for Captcha support Required when you wish to use Quartz with Seam's asynchronous features quartz.jar Scope runtime runtime compile only Type ear ear Notes Required for attachment support Required for outgoing mail support Required for incoming mail support mail-ra. Provides API classes that you may wish to use from your application e.CR2 302 .1. RichFaces Table 33.Dependencies Name jcaptcha-all.jar 33.g.jar Scope all Type ear Notes Required to use RichFaces. Seam Mail Table 33.3.2. RichFaces dependencies Name richfaces-api.jar jboss-seam-mail. Required to use RichFaces.
jar Type runtime runtime runtime runtime Scope war war war war PDF Library Charting library Notes jfreechart.jar 33.Dependencies 33.jar drools-compiler. Seam PDF Table 33. JBoss Rules The JBoss Rules libraries can be found in the drools/lib directory in Seam.5.6. JBPM Table 188.8.131.52.jar drools-core.jar jcommon.1.6. Table 33.jar mvel.jar janino. Seam PDF Dependencies Name itext.jar Required by JFreeChart Seam PDF core library jboss-seam-pdf.CR2 303 . JBPM dependencies Name jbpm-jpdl.220.127.116.11. JBoss Rules Dependencies Name antlr-runtime.jar Scope runtime Type ear Notes JBoss Seam 2.jar 33.jar Scope runtime runtime runtime runtime runtime runtime Type ear ear ear ear ear ear Notes ANTLR Runtime Library Eclipse JDT core.
Spring These libraries are required if you with to use the Spring Framework with your Seam application.1.9.jar Scope runtime Type war Notes The GWT Servlet libs 33.1.1. Spring Framework dependencies Name spring. Groovy dependencies Name groovy-all.0. You can use Maven Ant Tasks to integrate Maven into your Ant build.CR2 304 .jar Scope runtime Type ear Notes The Groovy libs 33.Dependencies 33. We aren't actually going to discuss how to use Maven here.org/maven2. Table 33. or can use Maven to build and deploy your project. All the Seam artifacts are available in Maven: <dependency> JBoss Seam 2. but just run over some basic POMs you could use.jar Scope runtime Type ear Notes The Spring Framework library 33.2.0. GWT dependencies Name gwt-servlet.jboss. Dependency Management using Maven Maven offers support for transitive dependency management and can be used to manage the dependencies of your Seam project.8.org/maven2 and nightly snapshots are available in http://snapshots. Table 33. GWT These libraries are required if you with to use the Google Web Toolkit (GWT) with your Seam application.7.9. Released versions of Seam are available in http://repository. Groovy These libraries are required if you with to use Groovy with your Seam application.8.7. Table 33.jboss.
apache.0.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>3.0 http://maven.org/maven2</url> </repository> </repositories> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.org/POM/4.seam. JPA (provided by Hibernate) and Hibernate Validator: <?xml version="1.org/maven-v4_0_0.0.seam</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-seam-remoting</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.jboss.w3.3.seam</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-seam-ui</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.0.apache.0</version> <name>My Seam Project</name> <packaging>jar</packaging> <repositories> <repository> <id>repository.ga</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.Dependencies <groupId>org.0.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.0.org/POM/4.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.jboss.jboss.seam</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-seam</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.jboss.0.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> JBoss Seam 2.jboss.seam</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-seam-ioc</artifactId> </dependency> This sample POM will give you Seam.apache.0.example/groupId> <artifactId>my-project</artifactId> <version>1.jboss.seam</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-seam-ioc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.0.jboss.org</id> <name>JBoss Repository</name> <url>http://repository.jboss.seam</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-seam-pdf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.CR2 305 .jboss.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId> <version>3.
0.jboss.CR2 306 .1.Dependencies <version>3.0.3.GA</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project> JBoss Seam 2.ga</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.seam</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-seam</artifactId> <version>2.0.0.
This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue?