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Charms of Southern Japan Tour
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Himeji, Kurashiki, Takamatsu, Hiroshima, Beppu, Takachiho, Kumamoto & Nagasaki
Charms of Southern Japan Tour with Koyasan
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Charms of Northern Japan Tour - Hokkaido
(8 Days 7 Nights / 9 Days 8 Nights)
Asahikawa, Sounkyo, Abashiri, Shiretoko, Kushiro, Noboribetsu, Otaru & Sapporo
Charms of Northern Japan - Hokkaido & Tohoku
(9 Days 8 Nights / 12 Days 11 Nights)
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Tokyo, Mt Fuji, Kyoto, Nara, Osaka, Himeji, Takamatsu, Hiroshima, Beppu, Takachiho & Nagasaki
Japan In Depth with Japanese Alps
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Japan In Depth with Koyasan
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Essence of Japan
(15 Days 14 Nights / 17 Days 16 Nights)
Sapporo, Otaru, Hakodate, Hiraizumi, Matsushima, Nikko, Tokyo, Mt Fuji, Takayama, Kyoto & Osaka
Grand Tour of Japan
(21 Days 20 Nights)
Sapporo, Hakodate, Matsushima, Nikko, Mt Fuji, Takayama, Kyoto, Himeji, Hiroshima, Beppu & Nagasaki
Ceramic and Art of Japan with Robert Yellin
(15 Days 14 Nights)
Osaka, Nara, Kyoto, Shigaraki, Kanazawa, Takayama, Tajimi, Tokoname, Hakone, Mt Fuji, Tokyo
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For us, the most important part of making your trip unforgettable is our team on the road.
On all our Japan escorted group tours, a team of two travel professionals-a tour guide and a driver-will accompany you. All are committed, passionate and eager to share their local knowledge with you.
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Death Match '09: Alonzo Mourning Vs. Janet Reno
Alonzo Mourning had a long and distinguished career as a basketball player, it's true. He was a 7-time All-Star, an NBA champion, and has an Olympic gold medal. He's good. But in our minds there will always be two and only two things that we think of when someone says the name Alonzo Mourning: The fact he played basketball after getting a new kidney (that takes some guts), and, well, this:
Between those two things, he's always seemed like more of a caricature than a living, breathing basketball-playing human being. It's not that we don't take him seriously as a player, it's just … well, those are the things that come to mind. So hearing that Miami-Dade County, Florida is planning on naming a freakin' high school after the guy came, as you might imagine, as a slight surprise. Especially when it's coming at the expense of the nation's first female Attorney General, Janet Reno.

subset: commoncrawl


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Article | August 31, 2000
Emballage 2000: packages and French cuisine
The French packaging show, held Nov. 20 to 24, adds the flavor of cuisine this year with the co-located IPA 2000 international food technology exhibition. An expanded Paris-Nord Villepinte exhibition hall is expected to reach 2.2 million sq'.
Packaging—especially for foods—will play a prominent role when Emballage 2000 and the new IPA 2000 a world food processing exhibition share the Paris-Nord Villepinte venue Nov. 20 to 24. Emballage is sponsored by Exposium represented in North America by Imex Management (Charlotte NC).
Although packaging equipment can be seen at about half of Emballage's 2 exhibits (1 more at IPA 2000) it's expected that great innovation will be displayed in the form of materials and packages. This summer packaging editors from across the globe journeyed to Paris to judge the Top Selection of innovations submitted by Emballage exhibitors.
Just three of the 40 Top Selection winners were machinery-oriented. The remaining 37 winners were all from suppliers of containers components or materials. This balance reflects overall packaging sales. In Western Europe according to Emballage 2000 the packaging marketplace totals about $100 billion with 90% of those sales in containers and materials. The show expects that eight of the world's top 10 largest packaging companies will be exhibiting.
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The machinery winners in the Top Selection competition included the ACTIS 20 plastic bottle barrier system from Sidel a French company with U.S. representation (Norcross GA); a robotic film wrapper from Construcciones Mecanicas S.A. (De Malavella Spain) that encloses five sides of a package; and a machine from Cefma (Genas France) that applies tear tape to shrink-wrapped bundles for easy opening.
In all the two exhibitions are expecting to attract a total of 150 visitors to the 2.2 million sq' of exhibit space virtually all of the space at the expanded exhibition center. The two businesses most prominent in French packaging are foods (65% of all French packaging) and health and beauty aids (11% of packaging sales). Emballage also says that France is the leading producer of luxury goods packaging one reason why the show will have a Luxury Showcase area of exhibits. A special labeling exhibit area will also be prominent on the show floor.
Acting in conjunction with IFEC (French Institute of Packaging) Emballage 2000 will present four roundtable discussions. On Tuesday Nov. 21 Packaging and marketing: purchasing behavior and new packaging will be the subject at 2:30 p.m. On Wednesday Nov. 22 at 5 p.m. the IFEC 2000 Packaging Oscars will be presented and the winners will be on display for the balance of the show.
Packaging and the future 1950 to 2050 will be the topic Thursday Nov. 23 at 10 a.m. This will be a counterpoint to the Packaging of Yesteryear exhibition on the show floor. At 2:30 p.m. on Thursday the subject is New technology in labeling and tagging including security labeling. The final roundtable will be held at 4:30 on Thursday. Packaging and the environment: solutions for conformity is the topic.
This year Emballage's preview of tomorrow's packaging becomes PACK.VISION for students. The program in effect since 1994 has helped hundreds of packaging projects from nearly 80 schools in 20 different countries. The editors who judged the Top Selection also voted on new projects accepted for this year. Themes this year include global packaging and sociological trends in product consumption. The projects will be featured on Emballage's Web site and many will be on exhibit at the show.
Full details regarding Emballage 2000 are available in five languages on the show Web site www.emballage2000.com, including the opportunity to preregister.
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The One With 'Jack Reacher' and 'Upstream Color' Making It the Best Release Week Of the Year!
- By Rob Hunter
- @FakeRobHunter
- May 6, 2013
Welcome back to This Week In Discs! As always, if you see something you like, click on the image to buy it. The Telephone Book Alice is a young lady in the Big Apple whose libido is constantly on the lookout for the next arousing adventure, and she finds it...
Review: Unlikable Supporting Characters and Drifting Plot Take the Shine Off 'Starlet'
- By Kate Erbland
- @katerbland
- November 8, 2012
Editor's note: Starlet arrives in theaters this Friday, but we already saw it way back in March at SXSW. Why don't you re-read our review from then, originally published on March 12, 2012? There's nothing quite like found money to bring out people's true colors – and, in the case...
AFI FEST 2012: 28 Films From the Festival We've Already Seen
- By Kate Erbland
- @katerbland
- October 31, 2012
Kicking off this week with its Opening Night Gala for Hitchcock, Hollywood's own AFI FEST effectively wraps up the year's film festival-going season (a season that lasts approximately eleven months). Such calendar placement means that AFI FEST comes late enough in the year to serve as a last hurrah for titles that...


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search results - Road Bike Shop
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Product Search Results For "Capo Trofeo 200 Olefin Socks"
|Capo Avante 200 Olefin Socks - Men's
Not many people get excited about socks, but they should. You care about your touch points when it comes to shoes, saddles, and handlebar tape, but your sock selection is just as integral to your comfort in the saddle as any of these. The Capo Avente 200 Olefin Socks are something to get excited...
Price: $19.95
|Capo Euro 200 15 Wool Socks - Men's
Stay comfortable in a wide variety of conditions, ranging from cool, crisp mornings to scorching summer temperatures with the Capo Euro 200 15 Wool Socks. These socks harness the thermo-regulating performance and natural antimicrobial properties of merino for your cycling enjoyment. They're made...
|Capo Meryl 14 200 Needle Socks - Men's
Sadly, not all socks are created equally. And if you've worn a bad pair over the course of a century, you know exactly what we're talking about. Thankfully, though, Capo understands your plight, and accordingly, it created its new Meryl 14 200 Needle Socks. We understand that these socks feature...
|Capo Meryl 8 200 Needle Socks - Men's
If you think that socks are 'just socks,' we feel bad for your feet. Not surprisingly, Capo shares our level of compassion and concern, and accordingly, it created its new Meryl 8 200 Needle Socks. We understand that these socks feature a rather confusing title. So, let us break it down for you....
|Capo Olefin 6 Socks - Men's
The Capo Olefin 6 Socks are ideal for warm-weather rides with their low-cut design and lightweight Olefin construction. Olefin is a synthetic fiber that's lightweight and incredibly robust, offering extra resistance against premature wear and tear. It's also mildew-resistant for extra freshness...
Price: $11.95
|Capo Strada 200 Needle Socks - Men's
Crazy patterns and clashing prints are all in good fun, but sometimes you want to reach for a pair of socks that will complement, rather than overshadow, the rest of your kit. Subtle dots and a bright range of colors suit Capo's Strada 200 Needle Socks to that description, and more importantly,...
|Capo Strada 200 Olefin Socks - Men's
The last thing you want to think about during an Hors Categorie climb is that your feet are hurting; after all, your legs hurt badly enough. The Capo Strada 200 Olefin Socks will keep the blisters away, and the hot spots at bay. The Capo Avente 200 Olefin Socks feature a padded footbed, a...
Price: $20.00
|Capo Trofeo 200 Olefin Socks - Men's
Hot spots from your shoes have to rank as one of the most annoying experiences in cycling. To alleviate your suffering, Capo made the Trofeo 200 Olefin Socks. The Trofeo 200s have a padded footbed and a reinforced heel and toe to eliminate hot spots and create a more pleasant riding experience....
Price: $20.00


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Fall Vegetable Garden Plan
Fresh lettuce, spinach, and peas aren't limited to spring. Replant as temperatures cool in late summer for a second round of these favorites. Site this garden in full sun and well-drained soil for best harvests. Spread mulch over the soil to help decrease weeds and disease.
Garden size: 4x4 feet
Our free Planting Guide for this garden includes a larger version of the illustration, a list of plants for the garden as shown, and complete instructions for installing the garden. (Free, one-time registration allows unlimited access to Planting Guides for all garden plans.)


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GX7 Battery Life - Real World Numbers
Started Dec 31, 2013 | Discussions thread
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Re: Not sure on GX7 but battery life improved on the EM5 after a few cycles of charging.
In reply to lambert4, Dec 31, 2013
That's what I hope to see as well. Though I have two third party batteries I will use the OEM Pany battery exclusively if possible with the other as back-ups. Though I suppose the Power2000 batteries may need some charge/discharge cycles to to condition them.
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Kirk Nielsen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|Kirk Nielsen
October 19, 1973
Grand Rapids, MN, USA
|6 ft 1 in (185 cm)
|205 lb (93 kg; 14 st 9 lb)
|Right Wing
|Played for
|Boston Bruins
|NHL Draft
|Supplemental Draft, 1994
Philadelphia Flyers
|Playing career
Kirk G. Nielsen (born October 19, 1973) is a retired American professional ice hockey player. He played 6 games in the NHL with the Boston Bruins during the 1997–98 season. He is the younger brother of Jeff Nielsen.
Selected tenth and last by the Philadelphia Flyers in the 1994 NHL Supplemental Draft, Nielsen was the final player chosen by this method, as the Supplemental Draft was discontinued after this season.
External links[edit]
- 1973 births
- Living people
- American ice hockey right wingers
- Boston Bruins players
- Cincinnati Cyclones players
- Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey players
- Ice hockey people from Minnesota
- National Hockey League supplemental draft picks
- Philadelphia Flyers draft picks
- Providence Bruins players
- Sportspeople from Grand Rapids, Minnesota


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Register with Betway using our links and get up to £30 in free bets. Deposit a minimum of £10 and they'll match it with a free bet up to £30
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text: ICPSR Metadata record for Wheat Trade and Wheat Prices in France, 1486-1913 ICPSR ICPSR metadata records are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/). Wheat Trade and Wheat Prices in France, 1486-1913 Roehner, Bertrand Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research ICPSR 2006-01-12 9777 doi://10.3886/ICPSR09777.v1 This collection presents a historical survey of the price and quantity of wheat produced in different localities in France. The purpose of the study was to examine price trends of a major food commodity within an important agricultural market in Western Europe and, in particular, to measure the correlation between wheat price fluctuations and demographic fluctuations in France. Prices and quantities of wheat were recorded, either fortnightly or monthly, by local officials in the major wheat-growing areas and subsequently relayed to higher levels of the French government. These tables of information were finally copied and maintained by the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Commerce and Agriculture and ultimately deposited in the French National Archives. UniverseScheme09777 IDRC.II ICPSR.IV.C agricultural markets agricultural production agricultural zones commodities demographic fluctuations food production government officials historic periods markets price fluctuations price trends trade trend analysis trends France, Global 1486-01 1913-12 aggregate data, and event/transaction data All wheat markets in France for which prices and quantities sold were recorded by the French administration in the nineteenth century. A representative sample of wheat markets covering every part of France, with the exception of Alsace-Lorraine, were chosen. After eliminating those with imprecise or incomplete information, 53 markets comprised the final list. The northern half of France is more heavily represented since wheat production is more extensive there than in the south. Usually one market per "departement" (administrative area), either that of the largest city or of the center with the largest quantity of sales, was chosen for inclusion in the collection. In addition, several large ports, such as Cherbourg and Dieppe, and other cities, such as Chateaudun and Albi, were also included. Archives Nationales (Paris): F*11 1779-2678, F*11 2887-2984 1986-09 1987-06 ICPSR AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. The original collector of the data, ICPSR, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Rearch ICPSR Ann Arbor MI http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ firstname.lastname@example.com 2006-01-12 ICPSR 2006-01-12 All files were removed from dataset 4 and flagged as study-level files, so that they will accompany all downloads. StudyUnit09777 These data are stored in a machine-readable tabular format with blanks used to separate elements within the tables. The files containing these data also include instructions for reading the tables.


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As many of you will already know, I spent some time in July working on a very special project at La Cuisine Paris – their "recipe incubator". Basically five weeks in a row, every Monday, a group of keen foodies and I would gather in the kitchen at La Cuisine and test some of their […]
The world of recipe testing at La Cuisine Paris
Travel Tuesday: A Sugar Walk of the Marais with La Cuisine Paris
Yes, that's David Leite up there ^^^ taking a photo of divine Portuguese pastéis de nata (custard tarts) that we discovered when we both joined The Sugar Walk of the Marais, a walking tour developed by one of the talented and knowledgeable La Cuisine Paris pastry chefs, Guillemette. The tour takes place in the trendy Marais […]
Have Praluline, will travel….
aka, this week's Gastropost mission "Pack your Food". I first discovered praluline on The Sugar Walk of the Marais which I took as part of my month at La Cuisine Paris. Billed as "a cultural and culinary tour of Paris's finest Pastry institutions," the tour takes place in the trendy Marais area, whose chic diversity has […]
A week at La Cuisine Paris with Le Dolci
See that picture up there ^^ ? It might not mean anything to you but to me, it represents everything I loved about the recent Le Dolci Paris tour I helped organise, whereby 9 ladies from Australia, Canada and the US descended on Paris (many of them for the first time!) and spent a week […]
Moments. July 2012.
So here's the thing. Way back, before I had a blog, I had a blog. Well, an iWeb blog that was private that I shared with friends and family when I travelled. And I wrote and posted pictures every day. Of pretty much everything. Overload? Not really when it was my means of communicating what […]
Context Paris: The Chocolate Walk
All right, all right, I've been in Paris nearly 2 weeks now and not a single post yet about being here? Well, I've been busy eating bonbons and drinking champagne working you know! And you can always follow me on Twitter, Flickr or Instagram to check out what I am up to daily. I have […]
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Destination Activities
Park City Utah Catering
Whether visiting Park City for outdoor adventure or mountain relaxation, the city offers year-round access to a wide range of outdoor and cultural activities surrounded by the picturesque Rocky Mountains.
Park City is home to three world-class ski resorts: Deer Valley Resort, Park City Mountain Resort and The Canyons Resort. Both Deer Valley Resort and Park City Mountain Resort were venues during the 2002 Olympic Winter Games.
During the winter months when guests are not on the slopes they enjoy the following activities in Park City, Utah. Snowmobiling, Snow Tubing, Hot Air Balloon Rides, Nordic Skiing and Snow Shoeing.
The Summer season is bursting at the seams with activities from leisurely activities such as gallery strolls, festivals and outdoors concerts to golf and fly-fishing to more adventurous sports including mountain biking, hiking, white water rafting and paddle boarding.
The town of Park City has several zip lines, alpine coasters, scenic chair lift rides and adventure camps for participants of all ages. Additional family activities include bowling, indoor kid's gym, and movie theaters.
Year-round favorites include shopping on Main Street or at the Tanger Outlets, viewing movies from the Sundance Film Institute, or attending one of the yearly festivals and events in town.
A complete Calendar of Events from the Park City Chamber Bureau will keep you informed on everything going on in town.
To start planning your event or for more information, please contact our sales team at 866.773.8980 or fill out our online RFP.


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Citing an analysis by Goldman Sachs that competition in the insurance market is so weak that insurance companies can continue to raise rates even if it means losing customers, HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius asked five health plan leaders to "publicly justify" their proposed health insurance premium increases.
Sebelius' request was similar to what she made after a White House meeting with healthcare leaders last Thursday. Yesterday, insurers did not respond directly to Sebelius's request, but maintained that the administration is improperly focusing almost singularly on health insurers in advocating healthcare reform.
America's Health Insurance Plans, the industry lobby, issued a sharp rebuke of Sebelius' comment, but also did not respond specifically to her request.
"The men and women are working hard every day to make the healthcare system better and they do not deserve to be vilified for political purposes, " says Robert Zirkelbach, press secretary for AHIP.
Sebelius sent the letter a week after meeting about the proposed double-digit rate hikes with CEOs of UnitedHealth Group Inc., WellPoint Inc., Aetna Inc., Health Care Service Corp., and CIGNA HealthCare Inc.
"Last Thursday, I asked CEOs to post online the actuarial justification for premium hikes so consumers can see why their premiums are skyrocketing," Sebelius states. "Now, it's time for these insurance company CEOs to do their part to make the system more transparent for the American people. If insurance companies are going to raise rates, the least they can do is tell us why."
WellPoint, which has faced congressional scrutiny for the proposed 39% rate hikes for its subsidiary Anthem Blue Cross, did not comment directly to Sebelius' statement. Kristin Binns, a company spokeswoman, says, "We agree with the goals outlined by Secretary Sebelius and would participate in a comprehensive program that included all players across the health industry, not only in the insurance sector."
Like other insurers called to meet with Sebelius, WellPoint says the net income of health insurance companies represents only a small percentage of healthcare spending and "is only a fraction of what other players, such as pharmaceutical companies, earn," according to Binns.
"We need a comprehensive solution to make healthcare reform a success for Americans, and are disappointed that the administration continues to focus solely on health insurers," Binns adds.
CIGNA, however, "looks forward to continuing the discussion we had last week with Secretary Sebelius surrounding improved transparency and costs for all stakeholders in order to make prices of the care they receive clearer and evident to individuals," says spokesman Christopher Curran.
In her letter, Sebelius noted an analysis from the investment banking and securities firm Goldman Sachs, which found that that "price competition is down" and that "incumbent carriers seem more willing than ever to walk away from existing business."
"To that end, I am reiterating the request I made at our meeting on Thursday: post on your Web sites the justification for any individual or small group rate increases you have implemented or proposed in 2010, and continue to post such a justification in connection with any future increases," Sebelius.
In response, Zirkelbach says, "Health plans proposed more than a year ago robust insurance market reforms and new consumer protections to guarantee coverage for pre-existing conditions."
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Carroll County voters face some important and difficult choices Tuesday as they head to the polls for the primary election.
The county will see new leadership at the top with the upcoming retirement of Judge-Executive Harold "Shorty" Tomlinson. Five Democratic contenders want the county's top job.
Voters need to select a candidate who can fill Tomlinson's shoes and provide the strong leadership the county needs. The next judge-executive comes into office with the county financially strong, but facing many challenges.
Thanks to more than $20,000 in grants from the R.C. Durr Foundation, the Kentucky Society for Technology in Education and the Kinder Morgan Foundation, Carroll County High School is getting a technology upgrade.
"We're very thankful to these organizations for allowing us to give students the tools that they need to achieve their maximum potential," district technology coordinator Cindy Johann said. "With these grants, we are able to provide our students with cutting-edge scientific instruments, design software and 3D printers."
Summer Reading Program is always an exciting time for us. This year is even more exciting because we have new friends moving into our library.
We are always looking for ways to provide our patrons with the best library experience possible. As we live in our building, which still seems new to us, it is hard to make changes. But we are going to do it!
We are adding some new elements in our children's area to create a fun, dynamic reading and play space. This will include two new caterpillars that will become a part of our library family.
It will take some time to gather the information, but one of this year's new laws has the potential to play a significant role when it comes to helping college students decide which career to pursue.
I often get asked by clients, friends and family members why they need a will. Some people ask the question because they do not have a lot of money or property. Others inquire because they reason that their spouse will just get everything when they die. Then there are those who just think they are young and have plenty of time to think about those things another day. I would like to give you my top five reasons (in no particular order) that you should consider speaking with an attorney about preparing a will:
Reason No. 1: You love your spouse
While there is sure to be lots of running, jumping, swinging and sliding over the summer months, a new summer reading program in the Carroll County School District aims to prevent academic sliding, also known as the "summer slide."
From Pennsylvania to Nebraska and Indiana to Texas, the news on June 20, 1946, focused on the unexpected death of Maj. Gen. Allen Wyant Gullion.
"General drops dead while listening to fight," was the headline that appeared in hundreds of newspapers that carried the Associated Press story. According to AP, Gullion suffered a massive heart attack while listening to the Joe Louis-Billy Conn fight on the radio – a much-anticipated rematch that ended with Louis retaining his heavyweight title in the eighth round on June 19, 1946.
At the start of each legislative session, it is impossible to know which proposals will clear the hurdles it takes for a bill to become law.
Some are never heard in committee; others may make it through the House or Senate but get lost in the shuffle on the other side. Some may falter because of cost or a lack of time or public support.
Warm weather, yes my friends, it has finally arrived. If you are thinking there is always a theme to how my articles begin, you are right.
Nothing says cooking like a weather update. So here we are, staring at warm weather, fishing and bringing out the grills. It is one of my favorite times of year. We have shaken off the winter slumber and are now looking forward to the smells of spring.
Friday is the big day. Champions for a Drug Free Carroll County and our event partners, Family Ties, 21st Century Lighthouse and Youth Services invite the entire community, to attend our free Child Abuse Prevention Month event. It will take place from 6:30-9 p.m. Friday, April 25, at the Courthouse Square in downtown Carrollton.
In Carroll County and across the nation, this year's Child Abuse Prevention theme is "Making Meaningful Connections."
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Best Happy Hour (2006)
Cafe Adobe
If years and years of practice have taught us anything, it's that happy hours end pretty badly unless you get some food in your stomach before things really get going. Otherwise, you forget to eat altogether (and we all know how that turns out) or you end up snacking later in the evening and get a severe case of the yawns. And that's why we love Cafe Adobe. The drinks might not be the cheapest in town, but the $5.50 super fajita nachos and $3.25 mini chimichangas do a great job of greasing up our stomachs for the long slog ahead. Next to the cheap grub, all the other perks -- the discounted margaritas, the hip clientele, the view of Shepherd -- are nothing but gravy.
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Location Details
2111 Westheimer
Houston TX 77098
Houston TX 77098
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Best Place to Consider Ending It All
The Rothko Chapel
Best Wine Bar
The Wine Bucket Boutique
& Bar
Best Brewpub
Two Rows Classic Grill & Brewpub
Best AM Radio PersonalityRonnie Renfrow


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The term "deep state," which recently triggered a national debate after being referred to in a recent statement by Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, still exists.
It is not easy to combat this structure, the prime minister said in that statement, which raised hopes. What was this hope? This was actually a response by the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) to the public suggesting that criticisms after disappointment and confusion were ungrounded. The AK Party's willingness to suspend structural reforms and its aversion to fighting against the deep state raised some suspicions among those who were expecting change.
Now let us take a look at the practical meaning of this statement and think about whether we could still keep our hopes. In its classified and confidential note and letter, which was sent to the parliamentary Coup and Memorandum Investigation Commission on Dec. 24 , 2012, on the special forces command, the mobilization inspection board and the search and rescue unit in battle, the National Intelligence Organization (MİT) reveals plans drafted by those who wanted to overthrow the AK Party and prepare the ground for a military coup. According to a news report by the Taraf daily on Jan. 17, 2013, one of the initiatives by the Special Warfare Unit is a plan to reshape the Republican Peoples' Party (CHP).
The letter, which notes that the CHP fails to act as an influential opposition party, also states that the party should be restructured internally. The letter also includes instructions on setting up an organization to start the process of restructuring. It is interesting to note that the letter was written before the leak of the secret Deniz Baykal video on the Internet.
It is useful to recall some of the items in the 26-article operation plan referred to in the letter addressed by the intelligence agency on the special warfare unit's activities. The articles include actions that would provoke splits between Turks and Kurds, Alevis and Sunnis, seculars and non-seculars by relying on different methods, including print media, detonating bombs in critical spots, including on the Bosporus Bridge, the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, the Bolu Mountain Tunnel, the Yalova ferry and along the Black Sea highway in an attempt to raise distrust in the government and the state, exacerbating social tension and polarization via coordinated assassination attempts vis-à-vis leading names, including Türkan Saylan, Tuncay Özkan, Bülent Arınç and Abdullah Gül.
You may ask about if there is a link between former President and Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel and this letter and the discussion over a counter-guerilla body. I would like to remind you of his reactions in this discussion on counter-terrorism as opposition leader and prime minister.
"I invite the head of the government to explain the counter-guerilla [body] and what it is linked to," said Demirel, as leader of the main opposition Justice Party (AP), on Feb. 1, 1978.
"There is no place for such organizations and structures in a state governed by the rule of law," said Tansu Çiller, the chairwoman of the True Path Party (DYP).
"There is no place for the counter-guerilla discussion in Turkey as well. It is said that this issue should be investigated; fine, let us also investigate whether the sun will rise tomorrow," said Demirel on Feb. 24, 1993.
I think these remarks by Demirel changing depending on the conjuncture are exemplary of the precarious stance of the Turkish politicians vis-à-vis the deep state. What would we have if we consider the intelligence agency report and the remark by Nimet Baş from the AK Party, the chairwoman of the parliamentary Coup and Memorandum Investigation Commission, suggesting that counter-guerilla has 100,000 active members in Turkey?
In a classified document he sent to the commission, Defense Minister İsmet Yılmaz confirmed on Jan. 19, 2012, the existence of a counter-guerilla body within the special warfare command. This means that our political elites admit the existence of counter-guerilla in their public statements whereas they also provide legal protection for this structure by telling the judiciary that it does not exist. It is useful for us and the politicians to remember Demirel.


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Avião simulador de vôo 3D
por: VascoGames | 182.1K
por: VascoGames | 182.1K
Avaliação de peritos
por Peter Warrior, Appszoom
Honestly, the first I do every time I review a flight simulator, no matter where it comes from, is to crash, the badlier the better, because there is where laws of physics must do their best. I can say in advance that planes in this game crash pretty well, especially when on sea. On land, physics work as they should, but you aren't delighted with the view of your plane in flames but a frozen screen and a sad message.
Graphics are average, which is indeed something good because it means it can run on a lot of different devices. Regarding sound, yes, there's sound if that's what you were asking, and also an option to switch it off.
Gameplay, which was why we came for, is shallow, to put it in a few words. It's closer to arcade than we would have liked, though there are some details that honor it. For example, landing gear is downed and raised accordingly, and you have to park your plane in a hangar or wherever. Missions are timed, so you'll have to struggle with the radar to get the maximum scores.
In conclusion, any of the titles in VascoGames's Flight Simulator series are worthy of be given a go by any flight enthusiast, and even non usual players of the genre may like it. However, they might not be as demanding and realistic as you would like, being sophisticated casual games in the end.
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por Peter , Appszoom
Dez 03, 2013
de 182.127 avaliações
Grátis - V2.2 - 28M
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Definition of Strabismus
Strabismus: A condition in which the visual axes of the eyes are not parallel and the eyes appear to be looking in different directions. In divergent strabismus, or exotropia, the visual axes diverge. In convergent strabismus or esotropia, the visual axes converge. The danger with strabismus is that the brain may come to rely more on input from one eye than the other, and the part of the brain circuitry that is connected to the less-favored eye may fail to develop properly, leading to amblyopia (weakened vision) in that eye. The classic treatment for mild to moderate strabismus is to cover the stronger eye with a patch, forcing the weaker eye to do enough work to catch up. Atropine eyedrops can also be effective in correcting moderate lazy eye. Severe strabismus may require surgery. Also known as lazy eye.Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 3/19/2012
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A. Letter of Joan to the King of England, 1429
B. The Trial of Joan of Arc, 1431
C. The Sentencing of Joan of Arc
D. Postscript
To Access the International Joan of Arc Society Website (which boasts
a complete text of the transcript of Joan's
trial), click here
(back to Translated Texts List)
Joan, called "the Maid," was a young peasant girl from the town of Domrémy in the French county of Lorraine who felt called by God to help the French king resist the English during the Hundred Years War. In 1429 the political situation was complicated; King Henry V of England had conquered a huge chunk of France, but died in 1422 leaving a 9-month old son (Henry VI, ruled 1422-1461). In the Treaty of Troyes (1420), Henry V had forced King Charles VI of France to make Henry and his sons the heirs to the kingdom of France. Thus, even though Charles VI had an adult son (eventually named Charles VII, but referred to as the Dauphin prior to his coronation), when Charles VI died in 1422, the baby Henry VI became king of both England and France (the first and last time such an event occurred). Because Henry VI was too young to look out for his own interests, a regency council led by his uncles (especially John, Duke of Bedford) carried on the English effort to gain complete mastery of France. In 1429 it looked as if the English might actually complete the conquest and unite the two kingdoms, since the Dauphin appeared weak and vacillating and the English were about to capture the important town of Orléans. It was at this moment that Joan of Arc arrived on the scene. Joan, a shepherdess, heard angelic voices telling her to seek out the Dauphin, lead his troops to victory against the English, and have him crowned as rightful king of France. Once she had convinced the Dauphin that she was indeed a prophet sent by God, she took command of an army and went into battle against the English. She wrote this letter to Henry VI and his Regents, who were laying siege to the town of Orléans. Note how she speaks of government in religious terms and how she switches back and forth between the first person "I" and the third person "she" when she refers to herself. For more on Joan, see to the Internet Medieval Sourcebook.
King of England, render account to the King of Heaven of your royal blood. Return to the Maid the keys of all the good cities which you have seized. She is sent by God to reclaim the royal blood, and is fully prepared to make peace, if you will give her satisfaction; that is, you must render justice, and pay back all that you have taken.
King of England, if you do not do these things, I am the commander of the military; and in whatever place I shall find your men in France, I will make them flee the country, whether they wish to or not; and if they will not obey, the Maid will have them all killed. She comes sent by the King of Heaven, body for body, to take you out of France, and the Maid promises and certifies to you that if you do not leave France she and her troops will raise a mighty outcry as has not been heard in France in a thousand years. And believe that the King of Heaven has sent her so much power that you will not be able to harm her or her brave army.
To you, archers, noble companions in arms, and all people who are before Orleans, I say to you in God's name, go home to your own country; if you do not do so, beware of the Maid, and of the damages you will suffer. Do not attempt to remain, for you have no rights in France from God, the King of Heaven, and the Son of the Virgin Mary. It is Charles, the rightful heir, to whom God has given France, who will shortly enter Paris in a grand company. If you do not believe the news written of God and the Maid, then in whatever place we may find you, we will soon see who has the better right, God or you.
William de la Pole, Count of Suffolk, Sir John Talbot, and Thomas, Lord Scales, lieutenants of the Duke of Bedford, who calls himself regent of the King of France for the King of England, make a response, if you wish to make peace over the city of Orleans! If you do not do so, you will always recall the damages which will attend you.
Duke of Bedford, who call yourself regent of France for the King of England, the Maid asks you not to make her destroy you. If you do not render her satisfaction, she and the French will perform the greatest feat ever done in the name of Christianity.
Done on the Tuesday of Holy Week (March 22, 1429). HEAR THE WORDS OF GOD AND THE MAID.
[Translated by Belle Tuten from M. Vallet de Vireville, ed. Chronique de la Pucelle, ou Chronique de Cousinot. Paris: Adolphe Delahaye, 1859, pp. 281-283. This text is part of the Internet Medieval Source Book. The Sourcebook is a collection of public domain and copy-permitted texts related to medieval and Byzantine history.]
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Joan Tells Her Story
Those whom Joan led to victory believed that she was inspired by God, but the English, although they did not deny that she was supernaturally inspired, claimed that this inspiration came from the devil, not God. When Joan was captured in battle in 1430 by a third party (the Burgundians), King Charles VII pled poverty and declined to ransom her; the Burgundians promptly sold her to the English, who formally accused her of witchcraft and heresy. A full and authentic report of her trial remains, and from it is extracted the following passage in which she answers questions about her Voices. She maintained that she raised the siege of Orleans in obedience to the divine call, and that all her important acts were prompted by a voice from heaven. Her trial at Rouen was conducted by Peter Cauchon, Bishop of Beauvais, to whom she had been handed over by the English for that purpose (the fact that Peter was a Frenchman shows how divided France was at this time). She was little more than nineteen years old in 1431 when the church court found her guilty and sentenced her to be burned at the stake.
We next required and admonished Joan, appearing before us in the said
place, to take, under penalty of law, the oath which she had taken
the day before; and that she should swear simply and absolutely to
tell the truth in answer to what was asked her in the matter concerning
which the charge had been brought and which was generally known. To
this she answered that she had sworn yesterday and that was enough. Again
we required that she should swear; for every one, though he be a
prince, when required to take the oath on a point of faith cannot
refuse. And she answered again: "I took the oath for you yesterday;
that should suffice you quite well. You burden me too much." Finally she
swore to tell the truth in whatever related to faith.
Then a distinguished professor of sacred theology, Master John Beaupère, acting by our order and behest, questioned Joan on the points which follow. And first he urged here to answer his questions truly, just as she had sworn to do. Whereupon she replied "You might very well ask me one sort of question which I would answer truly, and another sort which I would not answer." And she added: "If you were well informed about me, you should wish that I were out of your hands. I have done nothing save by revelation."
Next asked about her age when she left home: she said that she did not know. Asked whether in her girlhood she had learned any art: she said yes, that she had learned to sew linen cloth and to knit; and that she did not fear any woman in Rouen when it came to knitting and sewing. She further confessed that, through fear of the Burgundians, she left home and went to the town of Neufchâteau in Lorraine [seven miles south of Joan's birthplace, Domrémy] to live with a woman named La Rousse, where she stayed a fortnight; adding furthermore that when she was at home she was exempt from household work nor went with the sheep and other animals to pasture.
Again asked whether she confessed her sins each year: she answered yes, to her own priest; and when the priest was hindered she with his permission confessed to another priest. Sometimes also, twice or thrice as she believed, she confessed to the friars. And this was in the said town of Neufchâteau. And she had been in the habit of receiving the Eucharist at Easter. Asked whether she had been in the habit of receiving the Sacrament of the Eucharist at any other feasts save Easter: she told her questioner to pass on. She further confessed that when she was thirteen years old she had a voice from God to aid her in self-discipline. And the first time she was greatly afraid. And this voice came about noon in summer in her father's garden, and she had fasted the day before. And she heard the voice coming from her right in the direction of the church; and she seldom heard the voice without the appearance of a very bright light coming from the same direction as the voice. And when she came to France she often heard this voice. She was then asked how she was able to see the light which she said was there when it supposedly appeared off to one side; to this she answered nothing, but passed to other things. She moreover said that if she were in a grove she distinctly heard voices coming to her. She also said that the voice seemed to her worthy, and she believes that it was sent by God; and after she had heard it three times she knew that it was the voice of an angel. She also said that it always guarded her well, and that she knew it well.
Asked about the teaching which her voice gave her respecting the salvation of her soul, she said that it taught her to govern herself well, to go often to church, and that it said she also must go to France. And Joan added that the prosecutor would not at this time learn from her the form in which the voice had appeared to her. She furthermore confessed that the voice told her twice or thrice a week that she must leave home and go to France; and that her father knew nothing of her departure. She also said that the voice told her to go to France, and that she could no longer remain where she was, and that the voice told her that she should break the English siege of Orleans. She further said that her voice had told her that she should go to Robert de Baudricourt, Captain of the fortress of Vaucouleurs, and he would give her attendants; and she then had answered that she was a poor girl who knew not how to ride a horse nor head a campaign. She also said that she went to her uncle and told him that she wished to stay with him for a little while; and she stayed there about eight days; and she then told her uncle that she must go to the fortress of Vaucouleurs; so he brought her there.
She also said that when she came to Vaucouleurs she recognized Robert de Baudricourt, although she had never seen him before; and she recognized him by the aid of her voice, for the voice told her that it was he; and she told Robert that she must go into France. Twice he denied and withstood her, and the third time he took her and gave her attendants; and so it came to pass just as her voice had said. . . . Moreover she confessed that in leaving Vaucouleurs she put on men's dress, wearing a sword which Robert de Baudricourt had given her and no other arms. Accompanied by a knight, a shield-bearer and four servants, she reached the town of St. Urbain, and there passed a night in the abbey.
She also said that in this journey she passed through the town of Auxerre and there heard mass in the cathedral, and at this time she was often wont to hear her voices. Asked to say by whose advice she put on men's dress, she refused several times to answer. At last she said that she would not accuse any man of this; yet she several times changed her answer. She also stated that Robert de Baudricourt made those who took her swear that they would convey her well and safely, and Robert on parting with her said: "Go, go, and may whatever good that can come of this come to pass."
She also said that she well knew that God loved the Duke of Orleans; and that she had more revelations about him than about any living man, save him whom she called her king. She said, too, that she was obliged to change her own dress for a man's. She also said that she believed that she had been well advised.
She said that she sent letters to the English before Orleans telling them to raise the siege, just as is set down in many letters which have been read to her in this town of Rouen, save for two or three words in them; for instance, "yield to the Maid" should be "yield to the King." These words also occur there which were not in the original letters, "body for body," and "head of the war." [The prosecution was here asking about the letters sent in her name to the English; she admitted she had sent the letters, of which the prosecution produced examples during her trial, but insisted that the ones she had sent had contained slightly different wording. Instead of calling on the English to "yield to the maid", as the Prosecution alleged, she claimed the letters asked them to "yield to the king"]
Joan further said that she went to him whom she called her king [the Dauphin, who was the future King Charles VII] without hindrance, and when she reached to town of Ste. Catherine de Fierbois she was sent to Chinon, where he whom she called her king was. She reached this place about noon and lodged in an inn; and after dinner she went to him whom she called her king who was in the castle. She also said that when she entered his chamber she picked him out of the crowed with the aid of her voice. And she told her king that she wished to go make war against the English.
Asked if when the voice pointed out the king to her, there was any light in the place: she answered: "Pass on." Asked whether she had seen an angel above her king: she answered: "Spare me, pass on." Still, she said that before her king gave her any orders she had many beautiful visions and revelations. Asked how the king regarded the revelations and visions: she answered: "I shall not tell you this. This is not to be answered you; but send to the king himself and he will tell you." Joan also said that the voice promised her that as soon as she came to her king he would receive her. She said that they on their part well knew that the voice came to her from God, and that they had seen and known her voice, stating that she was confident of it. She further said that her king and several others had heard and seen voices coming to her; and Charles de Bourbon with two or three others were present.
She moreover said that there was no day when she did not hear this voice, and that she stood in great need of it. She said that she had never asked from her voice any other final reward except the salvation of her soul. She further confessed that the voice told her to remain at the town of St. Denis in France; and she had wished to remain there; but they had led her out against the will of this master. Nevertheless if she had not been wounded she would not have retired; and she was wounded in the trenches before Paris after she had gone there from St. Denis; but in five days she was healed. She confessed that she had directed an attack, called in French a skirmish, before Paris. And when she was questioned whether that were a feast day: she answered to that to the best of her belief it was. Asked if she approved of this: she answered: "Pass on."
After these things had been thus transacted, because it seemed quite enough for one day, we, the said bishop, postponed the trial until the following Saturday at eight o'clock in the morning.
[Source: Charles W. Colby, ed., Selections from the Sources of English History, B.C. 55 - A.D. 1832 (London: Longmans, Green, 1920), pp. 113-117. Scanned by Jerome S. Arkenberg, Cal. State Fullerton. The text has been modernized by Prof. Arkenberg (and also by Richard Barton). This text is part of, and may be found at, the Internet Medieval Source Book. Permission is granted for distribution in print form for educational purposes and personal use.]
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The proceedings against Joan began in January 1431 before an ecclesiastical court led by Bishop Peter of Beauvais. They dragged on for the entire winter and most of the spring. Joan was quite straightforward about her voices (whom she identified as the angels St Catherine and St. Margaret), her devotion to King Charles VII of France (whom the prosecutors, living in English-occupied France, refused to acknowledge as king of France), and her willingness to dress in men's clothes. The tenor of the trial resembled a game of cat and mouse, as the clerical prosecutors tried to trap Joan into making statements that were patently heretical; Joan, on the other hand, continued to insist on her orthodoxy and her divine inspiration. As befit ecclesiastical legal procedure of the day, Joan's statements (such as those found in the last passage) were continually subject to the scrutiny of leading theologians and canon lawyers, among whom the most famous came from the University of Paris. By early May the prosecutors had come to realize that Joan was not going to alter her story or provide any further information, and so on Wednesday May 2nd, Joan was publicly admonished by Bishop Pierre; one of his assistants explained in some detail how she was guilty of heresy on numerous points. On May 9th, the assembled prosecutors threatened her with judicial torture (with which, they hoped, they could extract a confession); but Joan replied strongly that torture would change nothing, and by a vote of 11-3 the judges decided to forego torture. By May 23rd, the prosecution had decided to make one last admonition to Joan: it collated her previous testimony with the decisions of the learned masters of theology from the University of Paris, and presented its case to her in a twelve-point memorandum.
On the following Wednesday, May 23rd [1431], the said Jeanne was led to a room near her prison in the castle of Rouen and into the presence of us her judges assembled there in tribunal. [Note 1] There were also present the reverend fathers and lords, the lord bishops of Thérouanne and of Noyon, the lords and masters Jean de Châtillon, archdeacon of Évreux, Jean Beaupère, Nicolas Midi, Guillaume Erart, Pierre Maurice, doctors of sacred theology; André Marguerie, licentiate in law, and Nicolas de Vendères, licentiate in decrees, archdeacons and canons of the church of Rouen.
In the presence of the said Jeanne we caused to be explained certain
points on which she had erred and strayed according to the deliberations
of the Faculties of Theology and Decrees of the University of Paris.
The faults, crimes and errors contained in each of these points according
to the deliberation were explained to her: and we warned her and caused
her to be warned to abandon these shortcomings and errors, to correct and
reform herself, to submit to the correction and decision of our Holy Mother
the Church, as is declared at greater length in a memorandum transcribed
below, which was expounded in French to Jeanne by master Pierre Maurice,
canon of Rouen and a celebrated doctor of theology.
[here follow the twelve points of the memorandum]
I. Firstly, Jeanne, you have said that from the age of thirteen years or thereabouts you have had revelations and apparitions of angels, of St. Catherine and St. Margaret, whom you have frequently seen with your bodily eyes; and that they have often spoken with you and told you many things set forth at length in your trial.
On this point the clerks of the University of Paris and others have
considered the manner and end of these revelations, the matter of the things
revealed, and the quality of your person; and having considered everything
relevant they declare that it is all false, seductive, pernicious, that
such revelations and apparitions are superstitious and proceed from evil
and diabolical spirits.
II. You have said that your king [Charles VII] received a sign by which he knew that you were sent from God, that it was St. Michael, in the company of a host of angels, some with crowns, others with wings, and St. Catherine and St. Margaret were among them, coming to you in the town and castle of Rheims. They all mounted the stairs of the castle in your company up to the chamber of your king, before whom the angel who bore the crown bowed. At another time you said this crown, which you call a sign, was given to the archbishop of Rheims, who presented it to your king, before many princes and lords whom you have named.
Regarding this article, the clergy say it is not probable, but rather a presumptuous, misleading and pernicious lie, an undertaking contrary and derogatory to the dignity of angels.
III. You have said that you recognized the angels and saints by the good counsel, comfort and doctrine they gave you; by the fact that they told you their names and the saints greeted you; moreover that you believe it was St. Michael who appeared to you; that their words and deeds are good; all of which you believe as firmly as you hold the faith of Jesus Christ.
Regarding this article, the clergy say that the signs were not sufficient for the recognition of the angels and saints, that you believed lightly [ie., too easily] and affirmed rashly, that, moreover, in the comparison which you make you deviate from the faith.
IV. You have said you are certain of future and contingent events, that you have known where things were hidden, that you recognized men you had never seen, through the voices of St. Catherine and St. Margaret.
Regarding this article, the clergy find superstition, divination, presumptuous assertion, and vain boasting.
V. You have said that you wore and still wear men's clothing at God's command and to His good pleasure, for you had instruction from God to wear this dress, and so you have put on a short tunic, jerkin, and hose with many points. You even wear your hair cut short above the ears, without keeping about you anything to denote your sex, save what nature has given you. And often you have in this apparel received the Sacrament of the Eucharist. And although you have many times been admonished to put it off, you would not, saying that you would rather die than put off this attire, unless it were at God's command; and that if you were still in this attire and with those of your own party [ie., the party of Charles VII], it would be for the great welfare of France. You say also that nothing could persuade you to take an oath not to wear this dress and bear these arms; and for all this you plead divine command.
Regarding such matters, the clergy declare that you blaspheme against God, despising Him and His sacraments, that you transgress divine law, Holy Scripture and the canons of the Church, that you think evil and err from the faith, that you are full of vain boasting, that you are given to idolatry and worship yourself and your clothes, according to the customs of the heathen.
VI. You have often said that in your letters you have put these names - "JHESUS MARIA" - and the sign of the cross, to warn those to whom you wrote not to do what was indicated in the letter. In other letters you boasted that you would kill all those who did not obey you, and that by your blows would the favor of the Lord be seen. Also you have often said that all your deeds were by revelation and according to divine command.
In regard to such affirmations, the clergy declare you to be a traitor, perfidious, cruel, desiring human bloodshed, seditious, an instigator of tyranny, a blasphemer of God's commandments and revelations.
VII. You have said that according to revelations given to you at the age of seventeen, you left your parents' house against their will, driving them almost mad. You went to Robert de Baudricourt, who, at your request, gave you a man's dress and a sword, [and] also [gave you] men-at-arms to take you to your king. And when you came to the king, you told him that his enemies should be driven away, you promised to bring him into a great kingdom, to make him victorious over his foes, and that for this God had sent you. These things you say you accomplished in obedience to God and according to revelation.
Regarding such things, the clergy declare that you have been irreverent to your father and mother, thereby breaking God's commandment, that you have given occasion for scandal [by dressing as a man], that you have blasphemed; that you have erred from the faith, and that you have made a rash and presumptuous promise.
VIII. You have said that of your own will you hurled yourself from the tower of Beaurevoir, preferring to die rather than be delivered into the hands of the English and live after the destruction of Compiègne. [Note 2] And although St. Catherine and St. Margaret forbade you to leap, you could not restrain yourself. And in spite of the great sin you have committed in offending these saints, you knew by your voices that after your confession your sin was forgiven. [Note 3]
This act the clergy declare you committed because of cowardice verging on despair and possibly suicide. In this matter you also uttered a rash and presumptuous statement when you asserted that your sin was forgiven, and you err from the faith concerning the doctrine of free will.
IX. You have said that St. Catherine and St. Margaret promised to lead you to Paradise provided that you preserved the virginity which you vowed and promised to them, and that you are as well assured of it [ie. of entering heaven] as if you had already entered into the glory of the Blessed. You believe you have not committed mortal sin, and it seems to you that if you were in mortal sin the saints would not visit you daily as they do.
Such an assumption the clergy declare to be a pernicious lie, presumptuous and rash, that it contains a contradiction of what you previously said, and that finally your beliefs err from the true Christian faith.
X. You have declared that you know well that God loves certain living persons better than you, and that you learned this by revelation from St. Catherine and St. Margaret; [you have] also [declared] that those saints speak French, not English, since they are not on the side of the English. And since you knew that your voices were for your king, you began to dislike the Burgundians. [Note 4]
Such matters the clergy pronounce to be a rash and presumptuous assertion, a superstitious divination, a blasphemy uttered against St. Catherine and St. Margaret, and a transgression of the commandment to love our neighbors.
XI. You declared to those whom you call St. Michael, St. Catherine and St. Margaret, you did reverence, bending the knee, taking off your cap, kissing the ground on which they trod, vowing to them your virginity; that you believed in the instruction of these saints, whom you invoked, kissed and embraced, as soon as they appeared to you, without seeking counsel from your priest or from any other ecclesiastic. And, notwithstanding, you believe these voices came from God as firmly as you believe in the Christian religion and the Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ. Moreover, you said that if any evil spirit should appear to you in the form of St. Michael you would know such a spirit and distinguish him from the saint. And again you said, that of your own accord, you have sworn not to reveal the sign you gave to your king. And finally you added, "Save at God's command."
Now touching these matters, the clergy affirm that if you had the revelations and saw the apparitions of which you boast in such a manner as you say, then you are an idolatress, an invoker of demons, an apostate from the faith, a maker of rash statements, a swearer of an unlawful oath.
XII. And you have said that if the Church wished you to disobey the
orders you say God gave you, nothing would induce you to do so; that you
know that all the deeds of which you have been accused in your trial were
wrought according to the command of God and that it was impossible for
you to do otherwise. Concerning these deeds, you refuse to submit
to the judgment of the Church on earth or of any living man, and will submit
therein to God alone. And, moreover, you declared that this reply itself
was not made of your own accord but by God's command; in spite of the article
of faith, Unam Sanctam Ecclesiam Catholicam, [Note 5]
having been many times declared before you, and notwithstanding that it
behooves all Christians to submit their deeds and sayings to the Church
Militant especially all that concerns revelations and similar matters.
Wherefore the clergy declare you to be schismatic, an unbeliever in the unity and authority of the Church, apostate and obstinately erring from the faith.
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[here ends the memorandum with the twelve articles of heresy; the transcript of the trial continues, however]
Now when these assertions with the qualifications of the University of Paris had thus been related and explained to Jeanne she was finally admonished in French by the same doctor to think very carefully over her acts and sayings, especially in the light of the last article. He spoke to her thus:
"Jeanne, dearest friend, it is now time, near the end of your trial, to think well over all that has been said. Although you have four times already, by the lord bishop of Beauvais, by the lord vicar of the Inquisitor, by other doctors sent to you on their behalf, been most diligently admonished for the honor and reverence of God, for the faith and law of Jesus Christ, for the tranquillity of their consciences, and the alleviation of the scandal you have caused, to the salvation of your body and soul; although you have been shown the perils to which you expose your body and soul if you do not reform yourself and your sayings and correct them by submitting your acts and your words to the Church, and by accepting her judgment, nevertheless up to know you have not wished to listen. Now although many of your judges would have been satisfied with the evidence collected against you, in their anxiety for the salvation of your body and soul they have submitted your sayings for examination to the University of Paris, the light of all knowledge and the extirpator of all errors. When the lord judges received the deliberations of the University they decided that you should to this end be once more admonished, warned of your errors, scandals and other crimes, and that we should beg, exhort and advise you by the bowels of Our Lord Jesus Christ, who suffered cruel death for the redemption of mankind, to correct your words and submit them to the judgment of the Church, as every loyal Christian is bound and obliged to do. Do not permit yourself to be separated from Our Lord Jesus Christ who created you to be a partaker in His glory; do not choose the way of eternal damnation with the enemies of God who daily endeavor to disturb men, counterfeiting often the likeness of Christ, His angels and His saints, who they profess and affirm themselves to be, as is shown more fully in the lives of the Father and in the Scriptures. Therefore if such apparitions have appeared to you, do not believe them; more than that, put away the belief or imagination you had in such things, and believe rather in the words and opinions of the University of Paris and other doctors who being well acquainted with the law of god and the Holy Scriptures, have concluded that no faith should be given to such apparitions or in any extraordinary apparition or forbidden novelty which is not supported by Holy Scripture or sign or miracle, none of which you have. You have believed in these apparitions lightly, instead of turning to God in devout prayer to grant you certainty; and you have not consulted prelates or learned ecclesiastics to enlighten yourself; although, considering your condition and the simplicity of your knowledge, you ought to have done so. Take this example: suppose your king had appointed you to defend a fortress, forbidding you to let anyone enter. Would you not refuse to admit whoever claimed to come in his name but brought no letters or authentic sign? Likewise Our Lord Jesus Christ, when He ascended into Heaven, committed the government of His Church to the apostle St. Peter and his successors, forbidding them to receive in the future those who claimed to come in His name but brought no other token than their own words. So you should not have put faith in those which you say came to you, nor ought we to believe in you, since God commands the contrary."
"First, Jeanne, you should consider this: if when you were in your king's domain, a soldier or other person born in his realm or in his fealty had arisen and said, I will not obey the king or submit to any of his officers,' would you not have said that this man should be condemned? What shall you say of yourself, who, brought up in the faith of Christ by the sacrament of baptism, have become the daughter of the Church and the spouse of Christ, if you do not obey Christ's officers, that is to say, the prelates of the Church? What judgment shall you deliver upon yourself? Cease, I pray you, from uttering these things if you love your Creator, your precious spouse and your salvation; obey the Church and submit to its judgment; know that if you do not, if you persevere in this error, your soul will be condemned to eternal punishment and perpetual torture, and I do not doubt that your body will come to perdition. Let not human pride and empty shame, which perhaps constrain you, hold you back because you fear that if you do as I advise you will lose the honors which you have known. For the honor of God and the salvation of your body and soul must come first: you will lose all if you do not do as I say, for you will separate yourself from the Church and from the faith you swore in the holy sacrament of baptism, you cut the authority of Our Lord from the Church which is nevertheless led, ruled and governed by His spirit and authority. For He said to the prelates of the Church, He who hears you, hears Me, and he who despises you, despises Me.' Therefore if you will not submit to the Church you separate yourself in fact, and if you will not submit to her you refuse to submit to God, and you err in respect of this article: Unam Sanctam Ecclesiam. What the Church is, and her authority, has been sufficiently explained to you already in the former admonitions."
"Therefore, in view of all these things, on behalf of your judges the lord bishop of Beauvais and the lord vicar of the Inquisitor, I admonish, beg and exhort you by the pity that you have for the passion of your Creator, by the love you bear for the salvation of your body and soul, correct and amend these errors, return to the way of truth, by obedience to the Church and submission in all things to her judgment and decision. By so doing you will save your soul and redeem, as I hope, your body from death; but if you do not, if you persist, know that your soul will be overwhelmed in damnation and I fear the destruction of your body. From these ills may Our Lord preserve you!"
After Jeanne had been admonished in this manner and had heard these exhortations she replied thereto in this way: "As for my words and deeds, which I declared in the trial, I refer to them and will maintain them."
Asked if she thinks she is not bound to submit her words and deeds to the Church Militant or anyone other than God, she answered: "I will maintain that manner of speech which I always said and held in the trial."
She said that if she were condemned and she saw the fire and logs alight and the executioner ready to kindle the fir, and she herself were in it, she would say nothing else and would maintain until death what she said in the trial.
Then we her judges asked the Promoter and Jeanne whether they had anything further to say. They answered that they had not. Then we proceeded to conclude the proceedings according to the formula of a certain schedule which we the said bishop held in our hands, and of which the gist follows:
"We, competent judges in this trial, as we esteem and declare ourselves in so far as it is necessary, according to your refusal to say anything further, WE DECLARE THE TRIAL ENDED; and, this conclusion pronounced, we assign tomorrow as the day on which you shall hear us give justice and pronounce sentence, which shall afterwards be carried out and proceeded with according to law and reason. In the presence of the witnesses brother Ysambard de La Pierre, master Mathieu le Bateur, priests, and Louis Orsel, clerk, of the dioceses of Rouen, London and Noyon."
[Taken from The Trial of Jeanne d'Arc, trans. W.P. Barrett (London: Routledge and Sons, 1931), pp. 300-310]
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Faced with these charges, Joan finally, and quite reluctantly, agreed to make a retraction in which she conceded the authority of the church and confessed to having been misled by demons and false spirits. An important point of this concession, at least for the prosecutors, was that Joan agreed to put on female dress. She was condemned as guilty, but, in accordance to canon law, because she had confessed and recanted, she was granted a reduced sentence of life imprisonment. Yet a few days later, the churchmen were shocked to find that Joan had again put on male clothing. When questioned, Joan defiantly answered that they had still not allowed her to receive Mass, and that furthermore she had received messages from her voice telling her not to abandon her previous position. So in essence, Joan had changed her mind and had decided not to recant her beliefs and testimony after all. Such an about-face was extremely serious business in medieval heresy trials; those condemned heretics who were found to have returned to the condemned belief or practice were considered far worse than those who fell into heresy through ignorance or superstition. As a relapsed heretic, then, Joan was doubly dangerous, and the court reconvened to decide her fate. The decision was foregone. Like all relapsed heretics, Joan was quickly sentenced to be handed over to the secular authorities for punishment. Although the court recommended that those authorities treat her gently, such a verdict almost always meant death. Indeed, the English authorities to whom the church court delivered her wasted no time in erecting a stake and having her burned to death as a relapsed, dangerous heretic.
By 1456, some twenty-five years after her death, King Charles VII,
who owed his throne to Joan, had managed to channel the patriotism she
had inspired into a successful military campaign that finally rid France
of English troops. At that point, safe on his throne, and perhaps feeling
guilty over his decision not to ransom Joan in 1429, King Charles ordered
a new church court to re-examine the facts of the case. Perhaps not
surprisingly this court found that she had been unjustly condemned; the
pope, who owed King Charles many favors, concurred, and the verdict of
heresy was removed. Still, she remained a subject of controversy
for centuries, and it was not until 1920 that yet another pope, again at
the encouragement of the French state, formally canonized Joan. The
peasant girl from Domrémy was now (and is) St Joan.
Note 1. Remember that Rouen, even though a French city, had been a part of English France since the great victories of the English King Henry V in 1415-1420. The prosecution viewed Henry's son, King Henry VI, as the rightful king of both England and France.
Note 2. Joan was captured in heavy fighting against the Burgundians before the city of Compiègne in September of 1429. The Duke of Burgundy and his men, who were then allied with the English during the Hundred Years' War, first offered to ransom Joan back to Charles VII. But Charles was short of cash and declined. The Burgundians sold her instead to the English, who put her on trial for heresy in January 1431.
Note 3. Here Joan's sin would have been two-fold: 1) suicide; 2) disobedience to God and his saints. Joan was claiming that her voices assured her that after she confessed these sins, they would be forgiven.
Note 4. See note 2. The Burgundians were close allies of the English during the Hundred Years' War.
Note 5. Unam Sanctam was a papal bull issued in 1302 that spelled out the articles of Christian faith. A crucial part of Catholic doctrine, and one especially emphasized by Unam Sanctam, were the beliefs that the traditions of the church [ie., decisions by learned men of previous generations, such as Paul, Jerome, Augustine, Gregory the Great, Thomas Aquinas, and so forth] were valid in matters of doctrine, and that the institutional church was a necessary part of any believer's road to salvation. Without the sacraments as administered by the clergy, the individual believer was doomed to misunderstanding and, ultimately, perdition. Because Joan refused to listen to the Church, and based her argument on direct contact with God, she was charged with breaking a fundamental article of faith, one most prominently outlined in Unam Sanctam.
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text:
collab with =starfantazy
i made the render, she made the georgious ps work
be sure to check her works out:
are ownage
i made the render, she made the georgious ps work
be sure to check her works out:
are ownage
Just have no words!
Zéér mooie visualisatie, compositie, kleur en diepte. Het resultaat mag er zeer zeker zijn!
This is the best abstract I've seen in awhile. Great job to you both.
wow! this is amazing!
render bom e um postwork magnifico
nice colors , i like it
"cuz your tuts aint easy " -aint, XD wasnt paying attention lol
waarom zijn me tuts niet makkelijk? danku
I think you should make a tut about this one cuz your tuts aint easy hehe if you look at my first c4d (endless wave) you can see the outcome of your tut
Great job you two and i hope i'll see some more works
Great job you two and i hope i'll see some more works
looks sweet!
dude......i love this
wow, quite stunning beautiful work
damn fine work folks!
thats nice
That is hot!
Wonderful piece man!!
dang thats awsome work man +fav it, nice 1
nice work love it
realy nice!
sick design.. both you and amy did a great job!
awesome work you two, i really like the 2d, perhaps the mixture is a little strange because its a really smooth render but with rough fresh 2d. I really like the post work and colour mix
yeah, but the outcome cam real nice
thanks, i really have gotten attached to that grainy feel in renders.....i actually made the colors in 2 schemes, but asked my boyfriend which he liked more and he said these, because it went better with the worn look...
you never cease to amaze me
Truely awesome
Looks great....really nice collab!


text:
February 11th, 2016
The. Next. Big. Thing. From boards to gear to swells to forecasting, the foremost name of the game in surfing these days is high performance progression. Unless of course your name happens to be Hamilton and your parents are regarded as the uber Alpha male and female in beach and water sports. And in that case the progression everyone is tracking is your own.
In a recent Breezy Mama article, Reece Viola, the 5-year-old daughter of legendary waterman Laird Hamilton and volleyball pro Gabrielle Reece, is showing marked signs of athletic prowess in a variety of sports—including surfing. Now before you start rolling your eyes, let it be said that Laird and Gabrielle are in no way interested in being overbearing sideline parents.
"My husband always jokes that they are unfulfilled athletes. And they are trying to live vicariously through their children, which is THE biggest mistake you could ever do."
Well said, Gabby. And believe me there will be millions of families hawking you from their armchairs, taking notes on how raising a future world pro should be done. Sorry guys, but if you thought living under the glare of the paparazzi was a pain, just wait 'til you meet up with the surf mom confederacy.Thank you for visiting the Swell blog. Visit us on www.facebook.com/swell for more exclusive fan offers, giveaways and more.


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Patty Madden Ecology Wallpaper
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text:
Fire in the Sky - 2013 Compilation
- Uploaded by sundoom on Jan 28, 2014
- Views: 59
Meteor sightings from 2013 compiled into a 6 minute video. You will never perceive reality in the same way after having watched this. It is time to wake up. You can find the entire news article here:: Zack Hemsey; Barry De Vorzon - 'V' The Final : RT; Zack-Hemsey; Madiedo - Huelva University; Davisito de Zabedrosky


text:
Like so many other hockey fans, Goshen's Connor and Dylan Healey were amped to watch the NHL Stadium Series games earlier this week at Yankee Stadium.
However, for the Healey brothers, the games at the iconic venue took on even more meaning.
That's because they knew they were up next.
Connor and Dylan Healey play hockey for Don Bosco Prep (N.J.), which is taking on Christian Brothers Academy at 1:15 p.m. Friday at Yankee Stadium. As part of the NHL's Stadium Series, the Rangers skated twice in the Bronx — against the Devils last Sunday — and the Islanders three days later.
"It's an awesome feeling. This is just such a good opportunity to play in a special place," said Connor Healey, a junior defenseman. "It's going to be a fun time and I don't think there will be a better feeling on ice playing there. It will be the best."
Don Bosco and CBA played to a 3-3 tie on Dec. 13. That matchup is one of three high school games that will be played on Friday and Saturday, before the rink is removed.
"It's really a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity," said Dylan Healey, a senior forward. "It's going to be a blast, the environment is going to be awesome. It's going to be like we are professional hockey players."


text:
Sources tell News 12 that Westchester County Executive Rob Astorino will officially announce his run for governor this week.
The two-term Republican has been hinting that he will run, but hasn't publicly announced it yet. Sources say that at the start of the weekend, he informed his staff and close advisors that he will be running on the Republican ticket to take on Democratic Gov. Andrew...
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text: VGC: "If you haven't been paying attention to gaming lately, you might have missed the recent news that has Playstation 3 and Naughty Dog fans in an uproar. To say "they've got their panties in a bunch" would be a complete understatement. The cause of all their dismay is a recently announced game called Unearthed: Trail of Ibn Battuta from a new Arabic studio called Semaphore. Unearthed bears more than a passing resemblance to the PS3 exclusive Uncharted, as you can see by the screen below."


text:
Dave Jorn - Media Day
Arkansas pitching coach Dave Jorn talks about ...
Arkansas' Joe Adams runs after the catch for a touchdown against Eastern Michigan Saturday, October 31, 2009 at Reynolds Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville.
A sterling 2010 Christmas gift from Arkansas football to its fans would be a Bowl Championship Series game or other toptier bowl following a battle for the SEC championship.
Sports, Pages 19 on 12/25/2009
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Sponsored By
What To Expect From The Balmain x H&M Collection Available November 5After months of anticipation and teasers, the Balmain x H&M Collection will be available this week for purchase.
Taco Bell's Mobile Ordering App Solved My Drive-Thru Menu AnxietyWhat a time to be alive. I tried Taco Bell's mobile ordering app "Live Mas" and it was fantastic. If you have drive-thru menu anxiety like me -- the future is bright.
The Five First Jobs Everyone Has Before Their Real Career BeginsWe all have to start somewhere, here are your five first jobs. Presented by CW50.
What's New For Hour Detroit's Best Dressed 2015 Fashion ShowSeptember is the month of fashion and Hour Detroit knows just how to pay tribute to it.
Obama, Heads Up to Community CollegeObama is gving the middle class a heads up to a better future.
A Detroit Expert's Guide To Office Summertime StyleThe brightness of sunshine, the sight clear sky blue skies, and warm temperatures is the type of weather Michiganders dream of all winter long.
21 Funny Michigan Beer Names From The 2015 Summer Beer Festival In YpsilantiHere's a few of my favorite funny Michigan beer names featured at the 2015 Summer Beer Festival set for Friday and Saturday July 24 and 25 in Ypsilanti, Michigan.
Ask A Detroit Fashion Expert: Summer 2015 Dress GuideOne of the best things about summer for any fashion lover is the seasonal wardrobe change.
'Uncle Of The Year' Kid's Minds Blown By Swingset DunkIt's an example of harnessing what I'll call "Uncle Energy". This guy executes possibly one of the most entertaining few seconds of spontaneous fun I've ever seen. And it clearly made their day.
Good Dads Deserve A 'Thank You' Every Day – Not Just On Father's DayHappy Father's Day!
Detroit Filmmakers On The RiseDetroit is known as the birthplace of many things. It appears that the city has taken on a growing interest in the industry of filmmaking.
NBA Finals: A Showdown For The AgesSince October 28th, 2014 30 NBA teams all had one goal in mind… the NBA finals.


text:
Come & join me in general chat all you patents of performers - be it dancers, actors, singers or musicians(320 Posts)
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