text:
Can you not see the destruction this despicable president of these divided states has created, and continues doing daily to our America? Liar of the Year, that is his legacy, among other things … Ignoring the Constitution, not having the backs of our Americans that he basically let die in Benghazi … I could go on and on. He is on an agenda to cause America to fall into financial crisis, causing civil uprising within America, to which he will declare martial law. Obama is against everything America stands for and was built on … integrity, freedom, independence, and plain old hard work. He drew a red line with Syria but was not man enough to back up his hot air! But he sure is getting tough on those nuns that help the poor and elderly that are close to the end of their lives. What a man! It's a shame not one of our elected officials in Washington will stand up to this man who lied his way into the White House. Wake up, America, this is no longer the great nation it once was … and may never be again.
— Rolf L. Bilet


text:
Formerly called
|Yokobori Model
|Research and Development, Manufacturing, Sales and Promotion
|Tomoaki Yokobori
|Adachi, Tokyo, Japan
|Radio control model cars and components
Number of employees
|30-50 (2014)
|World Championship R/C Car Constructors
Yokomo Co. Ltd. (株式会社 ヨコモ Kabushiki-gaisha Yokomo?) is a Japanese company from Adachi, Tokyo that specialize in radio-controlled cars, it was one of the first manufacturers in Japan to build RC cars and it also invented the RTR (Ready To Run) cars, but most notable of all is their long-running "Dog Fighter" series of radio controlled buggies, mainly through its successes in racing.
The company became involved in RC car production when the shop, Yokobori Model Shop (横堀モケイはメーカー Yokobori Mokei Wamēkā?), owned by Tomoaki "Tom" Yokobori (横堀モケイ Yokobori Tom?, 横堀智昭),[1] built a ready to run version of Cox's .49ci Dune Buggy, which was sold as a kit. The car became a success and helped to introduced radio controlled cars into Japan.[2]
In 1970, the company would become involved with another US RC car manufacturer, when they imported the RC-1, produced by Associated Electrics, into Japan. As a result, they became involved in the production side of the market, when they manufactured option parts for the car. This was the start of its partnership with Associated which continued to this day.[2]
The company, who would be renamed Yokomo, which is a combination of the two words, Yokobori Mokei, soon began producing its own competition RC cars in 1977 with the Mini Racer RC-12. The Porsche 917/30 that was bodyshell of the kit later formed the basis of the company's Can-Am car styled logo.
Its biggest break was in 1983, when it introduced the YZ-834B, the first of the long-running "Dog Fighter" series of 1:10 off-road buggies.
The car was imported into West Germany by Graupner[3] and was marketed as a Graupner Dog Fighter. Although criticized for having ground clearance that was considered to be too low for a typical off-road course, it wasn't until 1985, when Gil Losi, Jr. used the car to score his and the company's first IFMAR title for the inaugural 1:10 Off-Road World Championship 4WD title.[2]
The car was replaced by the YZ-870C, known as the "Super Dog Fighter", jointly developed by Masami Hirosaka, who was brought into the company following his victory at the following IFMAR 1:10 Off-Road 4WD event. His involvement was rewarded, when he successfully defended his crown in 1989. To this date, with the exception of his first title, won driving a Schumacher CAT,[4] all other IFMAR titles he won have been either for Yokomo (six)[5] and its partner for the Japanese market, Team Associated (eight)[2][6] and still win national titles for the company.[7] Masami's father, Masaaki was an employee for the company.
Yokomo are also known for the infamous and very rare YR-F2 chassis line. Despite being a full-time front-wheel drive RC, the YR-F2 is banned from certain racetracks as it was too fast for other RC's.
In 2003, Yokomo broke the R/C car mould further, when they introduced radio-controlled drifting with a series of cars that was built especially for drifting. Yokomo recently partnered with Tomy in 2008, releasing a series of miniature R/C cars based on its licensed D1GP and drifting cars similar to its R/C line.
See also[edit]
- ^ "Yokomo Drift Package". Yokomo Drift Package. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 20 August 2009. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
- ^ a b c d "Yokomo Links and History". Yokomo Drift Package. 4 June 2008. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
- ^ "Graupner Dog Fighter". RC-Car Museum. 9 November 2005. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
- ^ "1987 IFMAR WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP". YouTube. 8 January 2007. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
- ^ "TEAM YOKOMO". Yokomo. 29 July 2009. Retrieved 2 September 2009.
- ^ "Team Associated Timeline". Associated Electrics. 5 March 2009. Archived from the original on 28 April 2009. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
- ^ "30+ Years of EFRA Race History" (pdf). European Federation of Radio Operated Model Automobiles. 11 September 2005. Retrieved 27 August 2009.[dead link]
External links[edit]
- Official Site of Yokomo Japan
- Hobby Haven Sdn.Bhd. (Sole Agent of Yokomo Products in South East Asia)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This Saturday I'll be on a panel at Left Forum titled "Racism and Resistance in the Immigration Debate," with former FAIR communications director Isabel Macdonald, Monica Novoa of Drop the I-Word, Sonia Guinansaca of the New York State Youth Leadership Council and Esther Kaplan of the Nation Institute, moderated by my former Paper Tiger colleague Denisse Andrade. Below is the description. I'll be talking about my recent article, "Time to 'Drop and Leave' Loaded Language," among other things. If you're in the New York area, stop by for what should be a very interesting conversation. Racist, dehumanizing terms such as […]
FAIR at Left Forum in NYC


text:
Ready to own your financial future?
Get Organized and Build Your Plan: Whether you are just starting out or nearing retirement, there are simple steps women can take with their finances to help achieve the retirement goals of their dreams. Register here for this workshop on Wednesday, March 2 from 3:00 - 4:00 PM.
Out of the Darkness 5K Walk
Walk to fight suicide and bring mental health conditions out of the darkness.
May 21st, Geisel Medical School, Lyme Road.
You can make a donation, join the walk, or create a team by clicking here.
Free Week at RVC!
RVC is offering a free week pass to any employee and their spouse! This voucher is valid 2/1 - 6/1 and is limited to one per person.
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Otherwise, please visit the home page for more information.


text:
Would You Go out and Mix If You Risked a Good Kicking?
Howe, Darcus, New Statesman (1996)
Last Monday, Oldham Council met to consider the results of the inquiry into last summer's street fighting in the town, involving 20,000 young men, mainly of Pakistani origin. The report has 134 recommendations. The last inquiry of that kind was the Macpherson report on the implications of the murder of Stephen Lawrence. That offered more than 170 recommendations. The Home Office promised to implement every one of them with the assistance of Stephen Lawrence's father and Lee Jasper, Ken Livingstone's adviser on race.
I am certain that neither Stephen's dad nor Jasper can answer, even for a million pounds, the question: what is Recommendation 121 of the Macpherson report? Nor, I think, could the councillors and bureaucrats of Oldham, even as they left their meeting, have told you what was proposed in, say, Recommendation 27 of the report on their town.
Why all these recommendations? The aim is to trap activists in a merry-go-round of decisions without significant actions. Far better to have just six recommendations that every child in Oldham could commit to memory. Far better to have a few simple aims so that, in five years' time, people can point at this or that building, to this or that social development, and say definitely whether or not anything has been achieved.
When I made White Tribe, a documentary for Channel 4, I travelled through Oldham to find out what white people thought of the state of race relations. I wrote in this column that I was witnessing apartheid and that it would not be long before a mad bout of violence descended upon the place. There was a stench of decay about the whites who lived in dilapidated council flats. The authorities in Oldham -- the same ones who now meet to consider the 134 recommendations -- could not come to terms with the truth. Every bureaucrat and his cousin signed a letter of protest to the NS. I was a troublemaker, they said, a mischief-maker who was trying to stir up the sensible people of Oldham.
And then came the avalanche. Young Pakistani men, who had been gerrymandered into cages in northern towns, exploded in a violent attempt to break out of their isolation. …


text:
Dominican Republic
2014 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
Minimal Advancement
In 2014, the Dominican Republic made a minimal advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor. Despite new initiatives to address child labor, the Dominican Republic is receiving this assessment because certain children remain at increased vulnerability to labor exploitation due to limitations on educational opportunities related to the interpretation and implementation of Dominican law and policies on the right to education.
During the reporting period, the Government passed a new Penal Code that increases penalties for the commercial sexual exploitation of children and ratified the UN CRC Optional Protocol on Armed Conflict. In addition, the Government signed the Protocol for the Protection of Children's and Adolescents' Rights in Child Labor, which aims to eliminate child labor and increase school attendance. The Government also expanded educational programs and signed the Education Pact, a plan to reform the education system by improving teacher training, building more schools, and increasing attendance. However, children in the Dominican Republic are engaged in the worst forms of child labor, including in agriculture and in commercial sexual exploitation sometimes as a result of human trafficking. Due to misinterpretations and misapplications of Dominican law and policies on the right to education, school officials do not permit some children, particularly those of Haitian descent, to enroll in primary and secondary education without birth certificates or other identifying documentation. These incorrectly-applied provisions prevent or discourage children not entitled to Dominican documents, or unable to obtain documents from their countries of nationality, from enrolling in or completing school. In addition, difficulties in the implementation of a naturalization law passed in May 2014 have hindered the acquisition of both Haitian and Dominican identity documents under that law, adding to difficulties labor inspectors and employers have in verifying affected children's ages for work.
I. Prevalence and Sectoral Distribution of Child Labor
Children in the Dominican Republic are engaged in the worst forms of child labor, including in agriculture and commercial sexual exploitation sometimes as a result of human trafficking.(1-4) The 2009 2010 National Multipurpose Household Survey, published in 2011, found that although the overall prevalence of child labor has decreased in the last decade, the prevalence of child labor in agriculture has increased.(5, 6) In 2014, the Government, with partial funding from UNICEF, collected data for a new National Multipurpose Household Survey that will generate updated information about child labor. The Government has indicated that it will publish the results of the Survey in 2015.(4) Table 1 provides key indicators on children's work and education in the Dominican Republic.
|Working children, ages 10 to 14 (% and population):
|5.3 (54,850)
|Working children by sector, ages 10 to 14 (%):
|School attendance, ages 5 to 14 (%):
|Children combining work and school, ages 10 to 14 (%):
|Primary completion rate (%):
Source for primary completion rate: Data from 2012, published by UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2015.(7)
Source for all other data: Understanding Children's Work Project's analysis of statistics from Encuesta Nacional de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples (ENHOGAR) Survey, 2011.(8)
Based on a review of available information, Table 2 provides an overview of children's work by sector and activity.
|Harvesting sugarcane,† collecting cut cane,† planting sugarcane,† and clearing land for sugarcane production (2, 3, 9-14)
|Producing coffee, rice, tomatoes, beans,* corn,* garlic,* onions,* and potatoes* (4, 6, 15-18)
|Producing baked goods (bread, cakes, and pastries) (5)
|Mining† for larimar* (a blue stone often used for jewelry) (5, 19)
|Construction,† activities unknown (5, 20)
|Street vending,† shining shoes, and washing car windows (4, 9, 17)
|Working in restaurants, bars,† cantinas,† and coffee shops (5)
|Working in woodworking shops* and auto repair shops* (4)
|Scavenging in landfills (4, 21, 22)
|Domestic service in third-party homes (5, 9, 17, 23)
|Categorical Worst Forms of Child Labor‡
|Forced domestic service sometimes as a result of human trafficking (17, 24)
|Forced labor in agriculture and begging each sometimes as a result of human trafficking (1, 17, 24-27)
|Forced labor in waste picking,* shining shoes,* and washing car windows* (4)
|Commercial sexual exploitation sometimes as a result of human trafficking (1, 4, 13, 17, 28, 29)
|Use of children in illicit activities, including illegal sales at border areas and drug trafficking sometimes as a result of human trafficking (1, 4, 30, 31)
* Evidence of this activity is limited and/or the extent of the problem is unknown.
† Determined by national law or regulation as hazardous and, as such, relevant to Article 3(d) of ILO C. 182.
‡ Child labor understood as the worst forms of child labor per se under Article 3(a) (c) of ILO C. 182.
Children in the Dominican Republic are exploited in commercial sexual exploitation, particularly in touristic locations and major urban areas.(17, 24, 27, 32) There are also incidences of children being trafficked within the country, as well as from Haiti, for commercial sexual exploitation.(24, 32) Although evidence is limited, some reports indicate that children have been forced to engage in waste picking, shining shoes, and washing car windows, where they are sometimes forced to meet earnings quotas. Reports also indicate that children involved in these activities have turned to commercial sexual exploitation to satisfy these quotas when they are unable to meet them.(4, 33)
Haitian migration to the Dominican Republic is a longstanding phenomenon. Although estimates vary, approximately 900,000 to 1.2 million Haitians and Dominicans of Haitian descent live in the Dominican Republic.(20, 24, 34-36) Many Haitians and Dominicans of Haitian descent, including children, live in communities known as bateyes that traditionally have housed sugarcane workers and often lack adequate housing, medical services, and other basic services.(3, 17, 19, 34, 37) Some children work in sugarcane production, often alongside their parents.(2, 3, 9-14) The porous border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic has enabled children, accompanied or not, to be trafficked into the Dominican Republic without coming to the attention of authorities.(24, 38, 39) Some Haitian children who are trafficked to the Dominican Republic are forced to work in agriculture, domestic service, or begging.(24-26, 40)
II. Legal Framework for the Worst Forms of Child Labor
The Dominican Republic has ratified all key international conventions concerning child labor (Table 3).
|ILO C. 138, Minimum Age
|ILO C. 182, Worst Forms of Child Labor
|UN CRC Optional Protocol on Armed Conflict
|UN CRC Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography
|Palermo Protocol on Trafficking in Persons
In October 2014, the Government of the Dominican Republic ratified the UN CRC Optional Protocol on Armed Conflict.(41)
The Government has established laws and regulations related to child labor, including its worst forms (Table 4).
|Related Legislation
|Minimum Age for Work
|Article 245 of the Labor Code; Article 40 of the Code for the Protection of Children and Adolescents (42, 43)
|Minimum Age for Hazardous Work
|Resolution on Hazardous Work for Persons under Age 18; Article 251 of the Labor Code (42, 44)
|Prohibition of Hazardous Occupations or Activities for Children
|Articles 1-3 of the Resolution on Hazardous Work for Persons under Age18 (44)
|Prohibition of Forced Labor
|Articles 1, 3, and 7 of the Law Against Trafficking in Persons and Migrant Smuggling; Articles 40-41 of the Constitution (45, 46)
|Prohibition of Child Trafficking
|Articles 1, 2, 3, and 7 of the Law Against Trafficking in Persons and Migrant Smuggling; Articles 25 and 409 of the Code for the Protection of Children and Adolescents; Article 41 of the Constitution (43, 45, 46)
|Prohibition of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children
|Articles 25 and 409-411 of the Code for the Protection of Children and Adolescents; Articles 192-195 of the Penal Code; Article 24 of the Law on Technological Crime (43, 47, 48)
|Prohibition of Using Children in Illicit Activities
|Article 85 of the Law on Drugs and Controlled Substances (49)
|Minimum Age for Compulsory Military Recruitment
|Articles 96-97 and 231-232 of the Organic Armed Forces Law; Article 75 of the Constitution (46, 50)
|Minimum Age for Voluntary Military Service
|Articles 96-97 of the Organic Armed Forces Law (50)
|Compulsory Education Age
|Article 63 of the Constitution; Articles 33, 35, 37, and 40 of the Organic Law of Education; Articles 45-46 of the Code for the Protection of Children and Adolescents (43, 46, 51)
|Free Public Education
|Article 63 of the Constitution; Articles 33, 35, 37, and 40 of the Organic Law of Education; Ministry of Education Circular No. 18 of 2011; Articles 45-46 of the Code for the Protection of Children and Adolescents (43, 46, 51, 52)
* Articles 96 and 231-232 of the Organic Armed Forces Law (No. 139-13) state that there is no conscription in peacetime and that compulsory military recruitment may be authorized in situations of national defense or emergency. However, it is unclear whether Dominican law establishes a minimum age for compulsory military recruitment in these situations.(50)
† The minimum age for voluntary military service is 18. However, children ages 16 to 18 may enlist with parental consent.(50)
In December 2014, the Government passed a new Penal Code that, among other provisions, increases penalties for the commercial sexual exploitation of children to 10 to 20 years of imprisonment, and in aggravated circumstances to 20 to 30 years of imprisonment. The new Penal Code will enter into force one year following its publication in the National Gazette.(4, 48)
Article 2 of the Resolution on Hazardous Work for Persons under Age 18 specifies activities that the Government deems hazardous to children and prohibits them for children under age 18. Article 3 of the same Resolution allows children ages 16 to 18 to engage in some of these activities, for example in the use of industrial machines, as part of vocational training programs, and only when they are properly trained, supervised, and protected.(44) Despite these protections, Article 251 of the Labor Code sets the general minimum age for hazardous work at 16.(42) The ILO has called upon the Government to amend the Labor Code to ensure that children ages 16 to 18 who are permitted to engage in hazardous activities in exceptional cases are fully protected.(53)
Children of parents with irregular migration status are particularly vulnerable to labor exploitation due to a lack of identity documents.(17, 54, 55) Article 18 of the 2010 Constitution stipulates that children born in the Dominican Republic are entitled to Dominican citizenship if one of their parents is a Dominican citizen. Children born in the Dominican Republic to parents who are both foreign diplomats, "in transit" persons, or who are in the country illegally are not entitled to Dominican citizenship.(46) The 2010 Constitution relies on the definition of "in transit" persons established in Article 36 of the 2004 General Law on Migration, which was upheld by the Supreme Court of Justice in 2005. In Article 36 of the 2004 General Law on Migration, "in transit" persons are those who are "nonresidents" and include, among others, contracted foreign labor migrants.(17, 46, 56) Article 68 of the 2011 Regulations for the Application of the General Law on Migration clarified that, in addition to nonresidents, "in transit" status also applies to any foreigner who resides or has resided in Dominican territory without regular migration status.(57)
On September 23, 2013, the Dominican Constitutional Tribunal upheld the definition of "in transit" and ruled that children born in the Dominican Republic to any foreigners "in transit" (going back to 1929) are not considered Dominican nationals, impacting an estimated 200,000 individuals.(37, 58) The option of obtaining birth certificates from the countries from where their parents originated is not viable for many children born in the Dominican Republic, particularly if their parents are no longer citizens of, or have lost ties with, their countries of origin as a result of their long-established presence in the Dominican Republic or, as in the case of Haiti, the countries of origin have suffered natural disasters resulting in the destruction of birth records that would have demonstrated citizenship.(17)
In November 2013, President Danilo Medina issued a presidential decree to promulgate the National Regularization Plan for Foreigners as a mechanism to recognize, document, and regularize undocumented migrants in the Dominican Republic.(58) In May 2014, the Government passed a naturalization law (Law 169-14), which it began implementing in July 2014, to create a path to citizenship for the more than 200,000 individuals born in the Dominican Republic to "in transit" parents.(59-61) In August 2014, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) found that Articles 6, 8, and 11 of Law 169-14 which regulate legal personhood and nationality in the Dominican Republic are incompatible with the Government's duties under the American Convention on Human Rights; these duties include providing freedom against discrimination under the law based on race, color, or national origin, as well as the right to nationality in the state where one is born when the right to another nationality cannot be fulfilled. The IACHR has called upon the Government to take the necessary measures, both in law and in practice, to ensure that the residency status of "in transit" parents does not constitute a cause for the denial of Dominican nationality to children born in the Dominican Republic, and to develop a system to ensure that all persons born in the country are registered equally at birth.(32, 62-65)
III. Enforcement of Laws on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
The Government has established institutional mechanisms for the enforcement of laws and regulations on child labor, including its worst forms (Table 5).
|Ministry of Labor (MT)
|Lead government efforts to eliminate child labor; conduct labor inspections to identify and document offenses; and direct the Child Labor Unit (UTI) to investigate and reduce child labor, in part through the National Information System for Monitoring Child Labor (INFOSITI).(4, 9, 66-68) Implement the Ministry's Institutional Strategic Plan (2013 2016), which outlines objectives to improve the number and quality of labor inspections overall, offer better service to workers, coordinate Labor Code reform, integrate the UTI into existing enforcement efforts, and provide improved vocational training for vulnerable populations, including children.(9)
|National Council for Children and Adolescents (CONANI)
|Coordinate with the MT to protect children against labor exploitation and enforce labor laws.(9, 69) Promote policies to eradicate all forms of violence against children, including child labor, as well as improve the employability of young people.(66, 70) Receive victims of child labor through 43 municipal-level offices for psychological evaluation and refer them for services.(54, 69, 70) Run regional and municipal-level workshops on preventing and addressing the commercial sexual exploitation of children.(69)
|Office of the Attorney General (AG)
|Prosecute crimes involving children, including violations of child labor laws. Oversees the Special Prosecutor for Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking, which utilizes a team of specialized investigators to investigate the commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents and other worst forms of child labor; violations may be communicated to the Specialized Prosecutor through a hotline.(4, 69)
|Ministry of the Interior's National Police (PN), PN's Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Unit, and Directorate of Migration (DGM)
|Enforce criminal laws, including those prohibiting and punishing the worst forms of child labor, and coordinate with the AG in the prosecution of perpetrators.(9)
|Specialized Corps for Tourist Safety (CESTUR)
|Prevent child sex abuse in touristic areas, rescue minors, and arrest and bring to justice child sex offenders. Overseen by the Ministry of Defense.(70) In 2014, CESTUR and UNICEF signed an accord to prevent the commercial sexual exploitation of children in the Dominican tourist industry through capacity building and training for prosecuting these crimes.(71)
The 2010 Constitution declares the eradication of child labor as a national priority.(46) National law guarantees free public education and requires that all children attend school until age 18.(46, 51) In addition, national law prohibits the exclusion of children from the educational system based on a lack of identifying documentation.(43, 52) However, in practice, some primary and secondary schools deny access to children who cannot present birth certificates or identifying documentation.(15, 34, 37, 72) This practice puts these children in precarious situations where they are more likely to work. In addition, some secondary schools may permit access without birth certificates but require such documentation for the national exams required to obtain high school diplomas.(72, 73) Without the opportunity to receive high school diplomas and, as a result, to pursue higher education and improve access to formal sector employment as adults, individuals without identity documents have less incentive to remain in school. This may increase the likelihood that they engage in child labor, including its worst forms.(17, 23, 24, 27, 36, 66, 72, 74-76) An estimated 13 percent of all children younger than age 15 have no birth documents.(17)
In addition, difficulties in the implementation of Law 169-14, including misunderstandings of information on the application process for identity documents, as well as costs associated with this process, for example to travel to government offices, have hindered the acquisition of identity documents, adding to difficulties labor inspectors and employers have in verifying affected children's ages for work.(77)
Law enforcement agencies in the Dominican Republic took actions to combat child labor, including its worst forms.
Labor Law Enforcement
In 2014, the Ministry of Labor (MT) employed 176 labor inspectors, which is 31 fewer than the 207 inspectors employed in 2013.(69) Some reports indicate that this number of inspectors is inadequate to meet the need for inspections nationwide.(4) The Government reported that, during the reporting period, all of these inspectors received training on child labor, including hazardous child labor, and that this training was administered by the MT's Child Labor Unit (UTI).(69) The Government also reported that for 2014, approximately $4.5 million was dedicated to the MT's Inspection Unit, and approximately $142,000 was dedicated to the UTI.(4, 69) According to the MT, additional funding and resources would increase the efficiency and number of inspections.(4)
In 2014, the MT conducted a total of 78,886 labor inspections to verify compliance with labor laws, including child labor laws.(78) This number of inspections is less than the approximate total of 98,000 inspections conducted in 2013.(70) In 2014, each inspector conducted an average of 448 inspections for the year, which is less than the average of 473 inspections conducted by each inspector in 2013. This is nonetheless a high number of inspections conducted by each inspector, and it is unknown whether this high number affects the quality of such inspections. Some NGOs and labor unions have reported that inspections are not always conducted immediately after a request is made and that inspection reports often contain errors and contradictions.(4) Reports also indicate that substandard labor inspection reports have hindered the ability of the Office of the Attorney General (AG) to pursue prosecutions on criminal matters involving child labor issues.(4)
The process developed by the MT for inspections to enforce labor laws includes a preliminary visit, during which inspectors inform employers of violations and establish a period for remediation, but do not issue fines. Upon expiration of the remediation period, inspectors then conduct a re-inspection to determine whether the violations have been rectified.(42, 79, 80) If violations are found during re-inspection, the MT files an infraction report with the local office of the MT, who then transfers the infraction report to the relevant local court for adjudication.(42, 79, 80) This two-tiered inspection process puts a strain on the inspectorate's limited human and financial resources and may not sufficiently deter employers from exploiting children in the workplace, particularly in remote rural areas where re-inspections are more difficult and less consistent. Furthermore, the lack of publicly available information on the results of inspections prevents a complete understanding of how effective this inspection system is in practice.
Although the 2008 General Inspection Protocol and the 2011 Inspection Protocol for Agriculture instruct inspectors to assess child labor violations by reviewing workers' identity documents and employers' records, making observations, and conducting interviews, the widespread lack of identity documents impedes both inspectors and employers from verifying the ages of workers and guaranteeing that children under age 18 are not participating in dangerous or unhealthy work.(10, 15, 36, 79, 80) The MT has indicated that improvements are needed in how inspectors conduct interviews, ask follow-up questions, and use inspection data to strengthen the inspection system.(15) Moreover, reports indicate that in some cases, Spanish-speaking inspectors working without translation assistance have been responsible for interviewing Creole-speaking workers with limited or no Spanish-language abilities, which has hindered the efficacy of those inspections.(4)
Of the 78,886 inspections conducted in 2014, 70,020 were conducted from January through November; of these, 58,535 were regular inspections, which were preventative and conducted unannounced, and 11,485 were special inspections, which were conducted in response to requests or complaints.(4, 69, 78) In 2014, the Government reported a total of 416 children were found working in violation of the law, including in agriculture, markets, auto-repair shops, and wood-working shops, with 216 of these children found working in agriculture; research could not find the breakdown of where the remaining 200 children were found working in violation of the law.(4) Research also did not find whether there were any sanctions issued or penalties assessed and collected for child labor violations during the reporting period.(4) The MT reported that the 416 children found in child labor were removed from work and returned to their homes, where a subsequent visit from the MT informed parents of the dangers of child labor.(4, 69) Research could not confirm whether the National Council for Children and Adolescents (CONANI) or its municipal offices evaluated these rescued children, provided them with services, or coordinated their return to their homes.
Criminal Law Enforcement
In 2014, the AG's Special Prosecutor for Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking employed six investigators to conduct investigations regarding the worst forms of child labor, including commercial sexual exploitation. Members of the National Police's (PN) Trafficking in Persons Unit also investigated the worst forms of child labor.(4) The Government reported that, overall, there were 12 investigators dedicated to investigating human trafficking.(33) The Government also reported that the AG and CONANI received training on human trafficking issues, as well as provided training on these issues to public servants, attorneys, and civil society participants.(4, 33) Reports indicate that criminal law enforcement agencies lack sufficient resources to effectively enforce laws on human trafficking.(33)
For 2014, the number of criminal investigations conducted for the worst forms of child labor, the sectors and geographical areas where the investigations occurred, and the total number of children rescued is unknown. The AG reported on 12 investigations and prosecutions involving the worst forms of child labor; the AG pursued 6 cases of forced begging as a result of human trafficking that involved 20 minors, and 6 cases of commercial sexual exploitation, which in some cases involved other crimes, that involved 15 minors.(4, 69) The AG reported 6 convictions that resulted from these 12 cases, including 1 conviction for the crime of forced begging that carried a sentence of 2 years of prison, and 3 convictions for the crime of commercial sexual exploitation that carried sentences of 3, 5, and 30 years of prison.(4, 69)
Child trafficking victims rescued by the PN are referred to CONANI for services, including placement in NGO-run shelters.(33) The AG reported that, of the 12 cases mentioned, 5 children were placed under the care and protection of CONANI.(69)
Reports indicate that coordination between the MT and the AG has been limited and that not all criminal violations identified by the MT have been effectively investigated and prosecuted by the AG.(4, 9, 16)
IV. Coordination of Government Efforts on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
The Government has established mechanisms to coordinate its efforts to address child labor, including its worst forms (Table 6).
|Coordinating Body
|Role & Description
|National Steering Committee to Eliminate Child Labor (CDN)
|Develop and promote policies to combat child labor based on research, as well as coordinate child labor initiatives. Established through Decree 144-97; overseen by the MT; and is composed of Ministerial representatives, including from the UTI, labor union officials, private business leaders, and NGOs.(66, 67, 69) Coordinates efforts of the 48 Local and Municipal Committees that implement the CDN's efforts at the local level.(4, 66, 67, 69)
|Inter-Institutional Commission Against Child Abuse and Commercial Sexual Exploitation
|Coordinate and implement actions to combat commercial sexual exploitation and child abuse. Led by CONANI and the MT, and includes representatives from various ministries, the National and Tourism Police, the AG, NGOs, and the Hotel and Restaurant Association, as well as representatives of UNICEF and the ILO as advisors.(4, 9, 70)
|Inter-Agency Commission Against Trafficking in Persons (CITIM)
|Coordinate government agencies in efforts to combat human trafficking by developing and implementing national plans to combat trafficking, collaborating with international organizations and NGOs on trafficking issues, developing training and education programs to address trafficking, examining legislative initiatives on trafficking issues, and collaborating in the production of reports on human trafficking.(33, 81) Led by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and comprises 14 government agencies, including the Ministries of Labor, Education, Public Health, and Tourism, as well as the AG and other law enforcement agencies; created through Decree No. 575-07.(33, 81)
|Social Policies Coordination Cabinet (GCPS)
|Coordinate all social policies and conditional cash transfer programs, such as the Progressing with Solidarity Program. Led by the Vice President.(9, 66)
|Local Committees for the Protection and Restitution of Children's Rights
|Ensure that children's rights are not being violated; consists of community volunteers in 10 municipalities.(70)
In 2014, the National Steering Committee to Eliminate Child Labor (CDN) met every two months to coordinate government efforts to combat child labor.(4) It has been reported that the Local and Municipal Committees of the CDN face limitations in their coordination efforts due to a lack of resources.(15, 23)
During the reporting period, the Inter-Agency Commission Against Trafficking in Persons (CITIM) developed a protocol to detect, refer, and assist child and adolescent victims of trafficking for implementation in 2015. This protocol was developed in collaboration with the IOM.(33) However, some reports indicate that the CITIM did not convene all relevant agencies during the reporting period, and that its efforts were otherwise limited.(33)
V. Government Policies on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
The Government of the Dominican Republic has established policies related to child labor, including its worst forms (Table 7).
|National Strategic Plan to Eradicate the Worst Forms of Child Labor (PEN) (2006 2016)
|Identifies the roles and responsibilities of government agencies and municipal representatives in eradicating the worst forms of child labor. Prioritizes prevention, protection, assistance, and the progressive eradication of the worst forms of child labor.(4, 67, 69, 82)
|Action Plan for the Eradication of Abuse and the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Boys, Girls, and Adolescents (2009 2014)
|Identifies the roles and responsibilities of government agencies and municipal representatives to eradicate the commercial sexual exploitation of children, including through legislative strengthening.(9, 69)
|Roadmap Towards the Elimination of Child Labor in the Dominican Republic
|Outlines a plan to eliminate the worst forms of child labor by 2015 and all other types of child labor by 2020.(66, 83) Designates the roles of various government agencies and sets targets and indicators for each area of responsibility, specifically poverty reduction, health, education, institutional coordination, awareness raising, and information sharing. Adopted in 2010.(66, 69)
|Protocol for the Protection of Children's and Adolescents' Rights in Child Labor†
|Aims to eliminate child labor in favor of greater school attendance, in part through community workshops that seek to reach 300,000 children and adolescents on child protection issues. Includes a plan to evaluate the country's policy framework on the elimination of child labor as well as the country's compliance with international conventions on child labor.(4, 69)
|National Action Plan Against Human Trafficking and the Smuggling of Migrants (2009 2014)
|Aims to combat human trafficking and the smuggling of migrants through strategic objectives, including prevention, investigation and prosecution, and victim assistance and protection.(33, 84)
|Education Pact (2014-2030)†
|Seeks to reform the education system by building more and better-quality schools, improving teacher training, and increasing attendance and graduation rates through free early childhood education and enrolling more students in the Extended School Day Program.(85) Also seeks to provide support to families to keep their children out of child labor and enrolled in school. Signed in April 2014 by the President and nearly 200 academic, political, and educational organizations.(66, 76, 85)
|National 10-Year Education Plan (2008 2018) (PDE)
|Aims to increase access to education and improve attendance and graduation rates, in part to reduce child labor. Aims to improve both classroom space and time in school, as well as build strategies to address the needs of children who are behind in school because of work.(66, 86) Implemented by the Ministry of Education.(66)
|National Development Plan 2030 (END)
|Aims to reduce poverty and inequality, and includes policies and programs that encourage families to keep their children out of child labor and in school.(9, 66, 70) Includes the Quality Education for All plan that aims to provide universal education to all children through middle school, including students without identity documents and those with disabilities.(70)
|National Plan on Gender Equality (2007 2017)*
|Promotes occupational and educational opportunities for women and girls, seeks to remedy gender discrimination and violence, and promotes child care for working mothers so that children do not have to be in the workplace.(87)
|Government Plan under President Medina (2012 2016)
|Focuses on the development of 400,000 new jobs and includes the elimination of child labor, among other goals.(4, 9)
|Declaration of the Regional Initiative: Latin America and the Caribbean Free of Child Labor†
|Aims to increase regional cooperation on eradicating child labor by 2020 through signatories' efforts to strengthen monitoring and coordination mechanisms, government programs, and South-South exchanges. Reaffirms commitments made in the Brasilia Declaration from the Third Global Conference on Child Labor (October 2013), and signed by the Dominican Republic at the ILO's 18th Regional Meeting of the Americas in Lima, Peru (October 2014).(88-90)
* Child labor elimination and prevention strategies do not appear to have been integrated into this policy.
† Policy was approved during the reporting period.
Efforts to implement child labor elimination policies in the Dominican Republic have been slowed by an insufficient allocation of resources, including personnel.(91) In addition, reports indicate that the implementation of the Roadmap Towards the Elimination of Child Labor has also been hindered by a lack of coordination among participating government agencies.(9)
Deficiencies in the national education system have also been identified as contributing to children's engagement in child labor, including its worst forms.(53, 76) The ILO has reported that the country is not likely to meet the Education for All goal of universal primary enrollment by 2015.(53) Despite this, in 2014 the Government's budget allocated 4 percent of the national GDP to primary and secondary education for the second year in a row; this is an increase from the 2.4 percent allocated in 2011.(66, 69) Plans for the increased budget include constructing 29,000 additional classrooms, extending school hours nationwide, providing school meals, improving teacher training, and raising the quality of education.(15, 23, 76, 92-96) While these plans have not yet been fully implemented, the Government reports that 10,017 new classrooms were created in 2014.(69)
VI. Social Programs to Address Child Labor
In 2014, the Government of the Dominican Republic funded and participated in programs that include the goal of eliminating or preventing child labor, including its worst forms. The Government has other programs that may have an impact on child labor, including its worst forms (Table 8).
|Progressing with Solidarity (PROSOLI)‡
|Government program that promotes the well-being of families living in extreme poverty through a comprehensive approach that includes subsidies and conditional cash transfers.(66, 69, 97) Aims to increase the number of students who attend school and to reduce child labor, including by informing parents about the effects of child labor and the benefits of education.(66, 70, 98, 99) In June 2013, the ILO and the Vice President of the Dominican Republic announced a project to withdraw 38,000 of the program's beneficiaries from child labor; this action supports the 2012 letter of agreement between the Vice President and the ILO to remove 100,000 children from exploitative work over a four-year period.(100-102) In 2014, the Government implemented this project through capacity-building initiatives and designed pilot strategies for eliminating child labor in the provinces with the highest incidence. Efforts in 2014 also included analyses of its child labor interventions and awareness programs to communicate the dangers of child labor and the benefits of education to program beneficiaries.(4, 69)
|Education and Monitoring Program for the Eradication of Child Labor
(2012 2014)
|$1.3 million Government of Spain-funded, 2-year project implemented by ILO-IPEC that aims to strengthen public policies and government capacity to combat child labor in 19 countries in Latin America, including the Dominican Republic. Includes the objective of developing information systems on the worst forms of child labor.(103)
|Elimination of Child Labor in Latin America (Phase 4) (2011 2015)
|$4.5 million Government of Spain-funded, 4-year project implemented by ILO-IPEC to combat child labor in 19 countries, including the Dominican Republic.(103)
|Global Action Program on Child Labor Issues Project
|USDOL-funded project implemented by the ILO in approximately 40 countries, including the Dominican Republic, to support the priorities of the Roadmap for Achieving the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor by 2016 established by The Hague Global Child Labor Conference in 2010. Aims to build the capacity of the national government and develop strategic policies to address the elimination of child labor in the Dominican Republic and improve the evidence base on child labor through data collection and research.(104, 105)
|Awareness-Raising Campaign on Child Labor†
|MT and the Foundation for Peace and Democracy (FUNPADEM) public awareness-raising campaign to mobilize communities to report cases of child labor. Launched in January 2014.(70, 106)
|Child Domestic Work Awareness-Raising Campaign
|MT and ILO child labor eradication campaign launched in 2013 that supports reaching the goals outlined in the Roadmap for Achieving the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor by 2016, with an emphasis on the elimination of child domestic work.(70)
|Line 700 Hotline‡
|Office of the First Lady's free hotline to enable citizens to report cases of child labor, in addition to child abuse.(70)
|Extended School Day Program (Jornada Escolar Extendida)‡
|Ministry of Education program to extend school hours to a full day (8 a.m. to 4 p.m.) in order to improve educational achievement and reduce child labor.(9, 15, 21, 107) In 2014, the Government continued to expand the program and reached more than 1,750 schools, with approximately 720,000 students receiving instruction.(4, 108)
|Spaces for Growth and Homework Rooms (Espacios para Crecer)‡
|Government after school programs that seek to prevent children from working by keeping them in a creative learning environment outside of normal classroom hours.(15, 23, 98, 109, 110)
|Spaces for Hope (Espacios de Esperanza)*‡
|Government early educational centers to promote integrated attention and positive stimulation to pre-school aged children. In 2014, the Government reported operating 71 Spaces for Hope around the country.(9, 70, 111)
|Literacy Campaign (Quisqueya Aprende Contigo)*‡
|Government literacy campaign instituted in 2013 to promote the importance of literacy and education among families, including youth.(9, 112, 113) In 2014, approximately 8,500 teachers were trained for literacy instruction with students ages 15 and older, and more than 52,000 people were integrated into the program.(4, 69)
|Youth and Employment Project (Proyecto de Emprendimiento Juvenil)*
|Government project supported by the Government of Chile that improves the employability of disadvantaged, at-risk youth through training and internship opportunities to promote entrepreneurial and job-related skills.(70, 98, 114) In 2014, 700 youth were enrolled in the program, and the project designed a training course on self-employment for youth and trained 25 training facilitators.(115)
|At-Risk Youth Initiative*
|USAID-funded project to protect youth from crime and promote access to education, including through participation in afterschool programs (Spaces for Growth) and other social services.(116)
|Child Care Facilities (Estancias Infantiles)*‡
|MT-supported child care facilities that provide comprehensive attention to children of adult workers who are under age 5. In 2014, the Government reported operating 115 child care facilities around the country.(70)
|Presidential Microcredit Initiative*‡
|Government program to provide microcredit to small businesses in the disadvantaged regions in order to increase employment and provide improved livelihoods for families.(9)
* The impact of this program on child labor does not appear to have been studied.
† Program was launched during the reporting period.
‡ Program is funded by the Government of the Dominican Republic.
A study commissioned by the IDB indicated that the Progressing with Solidarity (PROSOLI) program had increased school enrollment and attendance among beneficiaries.(98, 117) Another study indicated an increase in beneficiaries' abilities to read and write.(70) An evaluation conducted in the province of Montecristi showed a decline in child labor among program beneficiaries compared to a control group in the same province.(70) However, the PROSOLI program requires participants to present identification documents in order to access program benefits, which would limit the participation of those individuals lacking such documentation, many of whom are vulnerable to child labor.(15)
Despite the efforts described above, current programs do not appear to adequately address the extent of the worst forms of child labor in the Dominican Republic, particularly commercial sexual exploitation and harmful work in agricultural areas.(24) Furthermore, there are insufficient efforts to reduce the demand for child sex tourism. In addition, governmental assistance to trafficking victims is minimal and inadequate, with civil society organizations as the principal service providers assisting trafficking victims.(9, 24, 32, 33)
VII. Suggested Government Actions to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labor
Based on the reporting above, suggested actions are identified that would advance the elimination of child labor, including its worst forms, in the Dominican Republic (Table 9).
|Suggested Action
|Year(s) Suggested
|Legal Framework
|Ensure the law establishes a minimum age for compulsory military recruitment in situations of national defense or emergency.
|Amend the Labor Code to raise the general minimum age for hazardous work to 18 and ensure that children ages 16 to 18 who are permitted to engage in hazardous activities are fully protected by the law.
|Correctly interpret and apply the law to allow all children without birth certificates or other identifying documentation to enroll in primary and secondary education and complete schooling.
|2011 2014
|Ensure that all children are able to obtain identity documents to reduce their vulnerability to labor exploitation.
|Strengthen the enforcement of labor provisions that establish 14 as the minimum age for legal employment, limit the workday to 6hours for children under 16, and eliminate dangerous and unhealthy work for children under 18 by:
|2012 2014
|Ensure that the two-tiered inspection system does not restrict the MT's ability to enforce its laws prohibiting child labor.
|2013 2014
|Ensure that labor inspectors are able to communicate with Creole-speaking workers, including those who may be underage, to adequately conduct inspections for child labor violations.
|Publicly report on the mechanism by which the MT refers victims of child labor, including its worst forms, to the CONANI for services, as well as on the total number of children referred.
|Publish statistics on labor inspections and criminal investigations conducted, including by type and by sector, violations identified, penalties imposed and collected, and prosecutions and convictions, for child labor violations, including its worst forms.
|2009 2014
|Increase the resources that criminal investigators and prosecutors need to effectively enforce criminal laws on child labor.
|Improve coordination between the MT and the AG to ensure violations are effectively investigated and prosecuted.
|2013 2014
|Ensure the CDN and its Local and Municipal Committees have sufficient resources to effectively coordinate efforts to address child labor.
|2013 2014
|Ensure the CITIM regularly convenes all necessary agencies to effectively coordinate government efforts to address human trafficking issues.
|Government Policies
|Integrate child labor elimination and prevention strategies into the National Plan on Gender Equality.
|2013 2014
|Allocate additional personnel and resources to support national plans and strategies to combat the worst forms of child labor, including the Roadmap Towards the Elimination of Child Labor.
|2009 2014
|Address deficiencies in the educational system by meeting the Education for All goals and by continuing to increase enrollment, add classroom space, and improve teacher training.
|2011 2014
|Social Programs
|Assess the impact that certain social and educational programs have on child labor.
|2012 2014
|Eliminate the requirement that individuals present Dominican identity documents to participate in social programs intended to combat child labor, including in the PROSOLI program.
|2012 2014
|Expand social protection programs and increase access to them by more impoverished families that rely on child labor, particularly in commercial sexual exploitation and agriculture.
|2010 2014
|Increase awareness raising and other strategies to reduce child trafficking and the demand for child sex tourism, and increase provision of services to child trafficking victims.
|2009 2014
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2.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Observation concerning Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) Dominican Republic (ratification: 1999) Published: 2011; accessed November 21, 2011; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:1:0::NO:::.
3.Verité. Research on Indicators of Forced Labor in the Supply Chain of Sugar in the Dominican Republic. Amherst, MA; 2012. http://www.verite.org/sites/default/files/images/Research%20on%20Indicators%20of%20Forced%20Labor%20in%20the%20Dominican%20Republic%20Sugar%20Sector_9.18.pdf.
4.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo. reporting, February 13, 2015.
5.Government of the Dominican Republic. Dinámica del trabajo infantil en la República Dominicana: Encuesta Nacional de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples (ENHOGAR 2009-2010). Santo Domingo, Office of National Statistics, UNICEF and ILO; November 2011. http://www.ilo.org/ipecinfo/product/viewProduct.do?productId=19015.
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7.UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary. Total. [accessed January 16, 2015]; http://www.uis.unesco.org/Pages/default.aspx?SPSLanguage=EN. Data provided is the gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary school. This measure is a proxy measure for primary completion. For more information, please see the "Children's Work and Education Statistics: Sources and Definitions" section of this report.
8.UCW. Analysis of Child Economic Activity and School Attendance Statistics from National Household or Child Labor Surveys. Original data from Encuesta Nacional de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples, 2011. Analysis received January 16, 2015. Reliable statistical data on the worst forms of child labor are especially difficult to collect given the often hidden or illegal nature of the worst forms. As a result, statistics on children's work in general are reported in this chart, which may or may not include the worst forms of child labor. For more information on sources used, the definition of working children and other indicators used in this report, please see the "Children's Work and Education Statistics: Sources and Definitions" section of this report.
9.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo. reporting, February 19, 2014.
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20.Petrozziello, AJ. Haiti Construction Workers in the Dominican Republic: An Exploratory Study on Indicators of Forced Labor. Santo Domingo, ICF International, Inc.; September 2012.
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23.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo. reporting, February 11, 2013.
24.USAID. Assessment Report of Anti-Trafficking in Persons in the Dominican Republic. Prepared by Chemonics International. Washington, DC; February 2011.
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28.Franco, I. "Campaña contra el trabajo infantil en RD." Listín Diario, Santo Domingo, June 12, 2012; Macroeconomía. http://listindiario.com/economia-y-negocios/2012/6/11/235856/Campana-contra-el-trabajo-infantil-en-RD
29.El Universal. "Piden erradicar comercio sexual infantil en República Dominicana." El Universal, Cartagena, March 17, 2011. http://www.eluniversal.com.co/cartagena/actualidad/piden-erradicar-comercio-sexual-infantil-en-republica-dominicana-14984.
30.U.S. Department of Labor official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. February 26, 2014.
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33.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo. reporting, March 26, 2015.
34.U.S. Department of State. "Dominican Republic," in Country Reports on Human Rights Practices- 2012. Washington, DC; April 19, 2013; http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm#wrapper.
35.Government of the Dominican Republic. Primera Encuesta Nacional de Inmigrantes en la República Dominicana. Santo Domingo, Office of National Statistics, European Union, and UNFPA,; April 2013. http://countryoffice.unfpa.org/dominicanrepublic/?publications=6745.
36.Solidarity Center. Dominican Unions Combat Labor Exploitation and Human Trafficking, Solidarity Center, [online] [cited April 18, 2013];
37.Inter-American Commission of Human Rights (IACHR). Preliminary Observations from the IACHR'S Visit to the Dominican Republic: December 2 to 6, 2013. Washington, DC; 2013.
38.U.S. Department of State. "Haiti," in Trafficking in Persons Report- 2011. Washington, DC; June 27, 2011; http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2011/164234.htm.
39.UNICEF. At a Glance: Haiti- Warning of the Dangers of Child Trafficking in Haiti, UNICEF, [online] March 23, 2011 [cited February 21, 2012]; http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/haiti_58029.html.
40.U.S. Department of State. "Haiti," in Trafficking in Persons Report- 2014. Washington, DC; June 20, 2014; http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/226846.pdf.
41.United Nations Treaty Collection. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict; accessed December 17, 2014; https://treaties.un.org/pages/viewdetails.aspx?src=ind&mtdsg_no=iv-11-b&chapter=4&lang=en.
42.Government of the Dominican Republic. Código de Trabajo de la República Dominicana, No. 16-92, enacted 1992. http://codigodetrabajo.do/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Codigo_Trabajo_Republica_Dominicana.pdf.
43.Government of the Dominican Republic. Código para el Sistema de Protección y los Derechos Fundamentales de los Niños, Niñas, y Adolescentes, No. 136-03, enacted 2003. http://www.oas.org/dil/esp/LEY%20136-03%20-%20Codigo%20para%20el%20Sistema%20de%20Protecci%C3%B3n%20y%20los%20Derechos%20Fundamentales%20de%20Ni%C3%B1os%20Ni%C3%B1as%20y%20Adolescentes%20Republica%20Dominicana.pdf.
44.Government of the Dominican Republic. Resolución Sobre Trabajos Peligrosos e Insalubres para Personas Menores de 18 Años, No. 52/2004, enacted August 13, 2004. http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/SERIAL/69773/68796/F452892919/DOM69773.pdf.
45.Government of the Dominican Republic. Ley contra el Tráfico Ilicito de Migrantes y Trata de Personas, No. 137-03, enacted August 2003. http://www.migracion.gob.do/web/trans/archivos/45.pdf.
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48.Government of the Dominican Republic. Código Penal de la República Dominicana, No. 550-14, enacted December 26, 2014. http://www.consultoria.gov.do/spaw2/uploads/files/Ley%20550-14.pdf.
49.Government of the Dominican Republic. Ley sobre Drogas y Sustancias Controladas de la República Dominicana, No. 50-88, enacted May 30, 1988. http://www.comisionadodejusticia.gob.do/phocadownload/Biblioteca_Virtual/Drogas/Ley%2050-88,%20sobre%20Drogas.pdf.
50.Government of the Dominican Republic. Ley Orgánica de las Fuerzas Armadas de la República Dominicana, No. 139-13, Gaceta Oficial No. 10728 del 19 de septiembre de 2013, enacted September 13, 2013. http://www.consultoria.gov.do/spaw2/uploads/files/Ley%20139-13.pdf.
51.Government of the Dominican Republic. Ley Orgánica de Educación, No. 66-97, enacted April 9, 1997. http://www.oei.es/quipu/dominicana/LeyEdu66_97.pdf.
52.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministry of Education. Circular No. 18 de fecha 27 de julio de 2011. Santo Domingo; July 2011.
53.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Direct Request concerning Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) Dominican Republic (ratification: 1999) Submitted: 2011; accessed December 18, 2014; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:1:0::NO:::.
54.USAID. USAID/Dominican Republic Cross-Sectoral At-Risk Youth Assessment: Final Report. Washington, DC, Submitted by Education Development Center (EDC); August 2010. http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADY160.pdf.
55.U.S. Department of State official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. May 29, 2012.
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66.UCW. Entendiendo el trabajo infantil y el empleo juvenil en la República Dominicana. Rome; 2014. http://www.ucw-project.org/attachment/Informe_trabajo_infantil_empleo_juvenil_Rep%C3%BAblica_Dominicana20141020_111959.pdf.
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68.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. May 5, 2015.
69.Government of the Dominican Republic. Written Communication. Submitted in response to U.S. Department of Labor's "Request for Information on Efforts by Certain Countries to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labor". Washington, DC; January 29, 2015.
70.Government of the Dominican Republic. Written Communication. Submitted in response to U.S. Department of Labor's "Request for Information on Efforts by Certain Countries to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labor". Washington, DC; February 20, 2014.
71.UNICEF. UNICEF y CESTUR firman acuerdo para prevenir la explotación sexual de niños, niñas y adolescentes. Press Release. Santo Domingo; July 24, 2014. http://www.unicef.org/republicadominicana/NP_Firma_Acuerdo_entre_CESTUR_y_UNICEF.pdf.
72.Georgetown Law Human Rights Institute. Left Behind: How Statelessness in the Dominican Republic Limits Children's Access to Education. Washington, DC; 2014.
73.UNICEF. Educación Básica. online; Septiembre 2013. http://www.unicef.org/republicadominicana/education_25953.htm.
74.Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice & Human Rights. "RFK Human Rights Laureate Sonia Pierre Meets U.S. Officials to Discuss Dominicans of Haitian Descent." [previously online] [cited 2010];
75.Solidarity Center, CNUS, and FENTICOMMC. En busca de un trabajo decente: Las experiencias laborales de los trabajadores inmigrantes en el sector de la construcción en la República Dominicana. Santo Domingo; 2010.
76.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo. reporting, June 11, 2014.
77.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo. reporting, January 13, 2015.
78.Government of the Dominican Republic. Visitas de Inspección por Rama de Actividad Económica, año 2014. [source on file].
79.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministerio de Trabajo. Protocolo de Inspección: República Dominicana. Santo Domingo; 2008.
80.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministerio de Trabajo. Protocolo de Inspección para la Agricultura: República Dominicana. Santo Domingo; March 2011.
81.Government of the Dominican Republic. Decreto No. 575-07 que crea e integra la Comisión Nacional contra la Trata de Personas, Decreto No. 575-07, enacted October 8, 2007. http://www.drleyes.com/page/decretos/documento/11/135/2006-2010/Comision-Nacional-Contra-Trata-de-Personas/.
82.Government of the Dominican Republic. Plan Estratégico Nacional para la erradicación de las peores formas de trabajo infantil en República Dominicana 2006-2016. Santo Domingo; August 2006.
83.Government of the Dominican Republic. Hoja de Ruta para hacer de República Dominicana un país libre de trabajo infantil y sus peores formas: Documento Estratégico. Santo Domingo, ILO-IPEC; n.d. http://white.oit.org.pe/ipec/pagina.php?pagina=337.
84.Government of the Dominican Republic - Comisión Interinstitucional de Combate a la Trata de Personas y el Tráfico Ilícito de Migrantes (CITIM). Plan Nacional de Acción Contra la Trata de Personas y el Tráfico Ilícito de Migrantes, 2009-2014; 2010. [source on file].
85.Government of the Dominican Republic. Pacto Nacional para la Reforma Educativa en la República Dominicana (2014-2030). online April 1, 2014. http://www.isfodosu.edu.do/portal/page/portal/isfodosu/CES-CTA-PACTO%20EDUCATIVO-Documento%20Pacto%20Educativo%20-%201-04-2014_0.pdf.
86.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministry of Education. Plan Decenal de Educación 2008-2018. . Santo Domingo, Secretaría de Estado de Educación; 2008. http://www.educando.edu.do/Userfiles/P0001%5CFile%5CPLAN_DECENAL_final.pdf.
87.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministerio de la Mujer. Plan nacional de igualdad y equidad de género, 2007-2017. http://www.americalatinagenera.org/es/documentos/centro_gobierno/Rep_Dominicana_PLANEG_II.pdf.
88.ILO. Declaración de Constitución de la Iniciativa Regional América Latina y el Caribe Libre de Trabajo Infántil, signed at the ILO's 18th Regional Meeting of the Americas, October 14, 2014. Lima, Peru; October 2014. https://iniciativaregionalcontraeltrabajoinfantil.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/declaracic3b3n-ir_espac3b1ol.pdf.
89.ILO. "18th American Regional Meeting - Latin America and Caribbean Sign a Declaration to Free the Region from Child Labour." ilo.org [online] October 17, 2014 [cited 2014]; http://www.ilo.org/caribbean/WCMS_314428/lang--en/index.htm.
90.UN News Centre. "At UN-backed forum, Latin American, Caribbean nations pledge robust efforts against child labour." October 15, 2014. http://www.un.org/apps/news/printnews.asp?nid=49082.
91.ILO. Verification Report on the Implementation of the White Paper Recommendations: August 2009-January 2010. Geneva; January 2010.
92.Government of the Dominican Republic. Noticias MINERD: Presidente entrega RD$2,827 millones para construcción de 6,020 aulas, Government of the Dominican Republic, [online] January 4, 2013 [cited February 12, 2014]; http://www.see.gob.do/_layouts/mobile/dispform.aspx?List=a1135268%2Da2c8%2D44cb%2Da6b9%2Db28bbb0c764b&View=97e65bd5%2Dba37%2D496c%2D833f%2D0627a5adc45d&ID=802.
93.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministry of Education. Consideraciones Sobre el Presupuesto 2013. Santo Domingo; October 1, 2012.
94.U.S. Embassy- Santo Domingo. reporting, April 24, 2014.
95.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministerio de Educación. Presidente Medina inaugura ocho escuelas para La Romana y San Pedro de Macorís, Government of the Dominican Republic, [online] [cited June 24, 2014]; http://www.minerd.gob.do/Lists/Noticias%20MINERD/Item/displayifs.aspx?List=a1135268%2Da2c8%2D44cb%2Da6b9%2Db28bbb0c764b&ID=1329&RootFolder=%2FLists%2FNoticias%20MINERD&Source=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eminerd%2Egob%2Edo%2FPages%2Finicio%2Easpx&Web=754836dd%2Dffd5%2D4ead%2D8c2e%2Db7c9b87af8e2.
96.Roebling, EE. Dominican Republic: Four Percent for Education, Global Issues, [online] May 7, 2011 [cited February 12, 2014]; http://www.globalissues.org/news/2011/05/07/9551.
97.IDB. "Transfers help Dominicans." iadb.org/en/news [online] 2011 [cited January 30, 2012]; http://www.iadb.org/en/news/webstories/2011-09-16/transfers-help-dominicans,9546.html.
98.Government of the Dominican Republic. Written Communication. Submitted in response to U.S. Department of Labor's "Request for Information on Efforts by Certain Countries to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labor". Washington, DC; February 8, 2013.
99.Diario Dominicano. "Programa Solidaridad contribuye con disminución del trabajo infantil." November 10, 2011. http://www.diariodominicano.com/dominicana-hoy/2011/11/10/95164/programa-solidaridad-contribuye-con-disminucion-del-trabajo-infantil.
100.ILO. OIT y República Dominicana firman carta de entendimiento para la prevención y eliminación del trabajo infantil, ILO, [online] November 9, 2012 [cited July 19, 2013]; http://www.ilo.org/sanjose/sala-de-prensa/WCMS_193103/lang--es/index.htm.
101.ILO-IPEC Geneva official. E-mail communication to USDOL official, April 11, 2014.
102.Peguero, A. "Gobierno y OIT buscan erradicar trabajo infantil." Listín Diario, Santo Domingo, June 12, 2013; La República. http://www.listin.com.do/la-republica/2013/6/12/280444/Gobierno-y-OIT-buscan-erradicar-trabajo-infantil.
103.ILO-IPEC Geneva official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. January 9, 2015.
104.ILO-IPEC. Global Action Program on Child Labor Issues. Technical Progress Report. Geneva; April 2013.
105.ILO-IPEC. Technical Progress Report - Global Action Program on Child Labour Issues (GAP 11); October 2014.
106.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministry of Labor. Ministerio de Trabajo lanza campaña de sensibilización sobre trabajo infantil, Government of the Dominican Republic, [online] [cited January 2, 2015]; http://www.ministeriodetrabajo.gob.do/index.php/todas-las-noticias/579-ministerio-de-trabajo-lanza-campana-de-sensibilizacion-sobre-trabajo-infantil?format=pdf.
107.Ministry of the Presidency. Puerto Plata recibe 75 nuevas aulas para Tanda Extendida, Government of the Dominican Republic, [online] March 26, 2014 [cited March 27, 2014]; http://presidencia.gob.do/comunicados/puerto-plata-recibe-75-nuevas-aulas-para-tanda-extendida.
108.Daily News. "MINERD sifts through teaching candidates." dr1.com [online] June 26, 2014 [cited December 16, 2014]; http://dr1.com/premium/news/2014/dnews062614.shtml.
109.DevTech Systems Inc. Combating Exploitive Child Labor through Education II/Dominican Republic. Technical Progress Report. Arlington, Virginia; March 2011.
110.Government of the Dominican Republic. Written Communication. Submitted in response to U.S. Department of Labor Federal Register Notice (February 24, 2010) "Request for Information on Efforts by Certain Countries to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labor". Washington, DC; April 8, 2010.
111.7días. "Ponen en funcionamiento "Espacio de Esperanza" de Santiago." 7dias.com.do [online] February 21, 2014 [cited January 2, 2015]; http://www.7dias.com.do/portada/2014/02/21/i158382_ponen-funcionamiento-espacio-esperanza-santiago.html#.UzScNd8pA6U.
112.Government of the Dominican Republic, Ministry of the Presidency. Presentación de Plan Nacional de Alfabetización "Quisqueya Aprende Contigo". Santo Domingo; September 10, 2012.
113.Government of the Dominican Republic, Dirección General de Programas Especiales. "Plan Nacional de Alfabetización "Quisqueya Aprende Contigo"." digepep.gob.do [online] [cited January 2, 2015]; http://digepep.gob.do/index.php/quisqueya-aprende-contigo.
114.Ministerio de Economía Planificación y Desarrollo. "Llega misión de Chile para evaluar empleo juvenil." economia.gob.do [online] September 3, 2014 [cited December 31, 2014]; http://economia.gob.do/mepyd/noticias/llega-mision-chile-para-evaluar-empleo-juvenil/.
115.U.S. Embassy- Santiago official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. May 20, 2015.
116.USAID. Attachment B: Program Description. Washington, DC; 2013.
117.ILO-IPEC Geneva official. E-mail communication to USDOL official, April 15, 2013.
Labor Rights in Dominican Republic
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The largest city in Scotland, Glasgow is one of the UK's cultural hotspots, attracting visitors from all over the world throughout the year. A city steeped in history, Glasgow has some stunning monuments, galleries and museums that will keep visitors entertained for days.
Friendly & Fun
A friendly city, Glasgow is famous for its hospitality. With a reputation for great entertainment and local Glaswegian cuisine, you'll be guaranteed a great time. The city also has a vibrant music scene, with many Glaswegian bars home to live music sets throughout the week; you'll maybe even hear the odd bag pipe session. Glasgow is perfect for a romantic getaway, and with some fantastic golf courses within and around the city, it is ideal for a short golfing holiday.
When it comes to things to do in Glasgow there's certainly no shortage. George Square is the principal civic square in the city and home to many of its most famous statues and monuments. If you like to hit the shops then be sure to get to Buchanan Street, Glasgow's premier shopping street.
Centre for Sports
Another popular attraction in Glasgow is the impressive Bellahouston Park which lies just outside the city centre. For the sporting fans among you, Glasgow is the home of Scotland's national football stadium, Hampden Park, as well as being home to Ibrox and Celtic Park, the home of fierce Glasgow football rivals Rangers and Celtic.


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Proud NHL fans refuse to get iced out of action
Updated: January 23, 2013, 5:08 PM ETAssociated Press
The boycotts were threatened. The irate tweets were posted.
NHL fans were fed up with labor strife updates and they weren't coming back to the sport they loved once the lockout was lifted.
Except that they did. In most homes and arenas, they came in record numbers, unable to stay away for that first faceoff.
The fans partied in Nashville, Tenn., where $1 hot dogs helped woo Predators fans back to Bridgestone Arena.
In Ohio, the Columbus Blue Jackets came on the ice for ...
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Hi, I decided to join MuggleNet Fan Fiction so that I could review people's work. I may submit my own work in holiday periods or times of semester when I don't have many assignments. I'm in my last year of a Bachelor of Journalism and live in Australia.
I'm sorry to say I'm not going to continue updating my story on MuggleNet Fanfiction. I'm just too frustrated with the amount of inconsistencies I have come across in the moderating process. I know for a fact that my work (as far as grammar and punctuation goes) is of a relatively high standard, and even that gets rejected. However, I read other stories where they get homonyms mixed up (eg. use "to" instead of "too", or "there" instead of "their", or "here" instead of "hear")- such basic mistakes which get through the moderation. It's so annoying and I'm so sick of waiting 3 weeks for one of my chapters to get moderated- and then have it rejected, when it's of a much higher quality than other ones which get accepted- that I simply can't be bothered continuing to update on here.
I will continue to update the story at http://maria87.deviantart.com
Please do not delete- I may not be updating my story here but I still like commenting on other people's!
To Love and Live by LilaBear
Rated: 3rd-5th Years [Reviews - 6]
Summary: All seven horcruxes have been destroyed, and only one thing lies between the Wizarding World and peace- the Final Battle. Or so they thought.
What happens during this battle will affect Harry and his friends for the rest of their lives, but hopefully they will be lives to thrive in, to love and live.
General fic, but a lot of focusing on H/G, R/Hr. Character death, moderate low-graphic violence.


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If you like this, Harlequin recommends
- A Husband for Christmas
- by
- Oct 2015
- Upon a Midnight Clear
- by
- Nov 2011
- Loving Hearts
- by
- May 2011
He' d been alone too long. She' d never been alone. But Jemma Dupre and Philip Somerville knew that their fates were forever intertwined.
Yet Jemma wasn' t sure of her feelings for Philip. After her past heartache, she wanted to prove she could stand on her own. But Philip was nothing like her late husband. Dependable and loving, he offered Jemma everything she had dreamed, yet was afraid to take....
Philip had loved and lost. Though once he saw Jemma' s open and loving ways, he wanted to give her the world. But first he had to show her that God' s plan included the treasure of a second chance at love...


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Deema has a loose tooth; the Guppies learn about keeping a healthy smile.
Gil and his team of firefighters must rescue another firefighter who is stuck in a tree.
The Guppies learn about different types of trucks while on their way to the Truck Show.
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French Politics, Culture & Society
Aims & Scope
FPC&S is the journal of the Conference Group on French Politics & Society. It is jointly sponsored by the Institute of French Studies at New York University and the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies at Harvard University
French Politics, Culture & Society explores modern and contemporary France from the perspectives of the social sciences, history, and cultural analysis. It also examines France's relationship to the larger world, especially Europe, the United States, and the former French Empire. The editors also welcome pieces on recent debates and events, as well as articles that explore the connections between French society and cultural expression of all sorts (such as art, film, literature, and popular culture). Issues devoted to a single theme appear from time to time. With refereed research articles, timely essays, and reviews of books in many disciplines, French Politics, Culture & Society provides a forum for learned opinion and the latest scholarship on France.
French Politics, Culture & Society is now available on JSTOR!
Subjects: Contemporary French Studies, Politics, History, Sociology, Anthropology, Geography, Cultural Studies
Current Issue, Winter 2015
Volume 33, Issue 3
Emily Marker
Obscuring Race: Franco-African Conversations about Colonial Reform and Racism after World War II and the Making of Colorblind France, 1945–1950
Jean-François Loudcher
Le "système" Minjoz au prisme de la politique sportive municipale de Besançon (1945–1959): un gouvernement de compromis particulier
Jayson Harsin
Cultural Racist Frames in TF1's French Banlieue Riots Coverage
Kathe Managan
"One Hand Washes the Other": Social Capital and the Politics of Leisure in Guadeloupean Associations
Alec G. Hargreaves
Empty Promises? Public Policy against Racial and Ethnic Discrimination in France
Amanda Garrett
Is Integration a Zero-Sum Game? Negotiating Space for Ethnic Minorities in Europe
Jessica Marglin
Divided Rule: Sovereignty and Empire in French Tunisia, 1881–1938 by Mary Dewhurst Lewis
Harry Gamble
Faith in Empire: Religion, Politics and Colonial Rule in French Senegal, 1880–1940 by Elizabeth Foster
Jennifer D. Keene
Harlem's Rattlers and the Great War: The Undaunted 369th Infantry Regiment and the African Americans Quest for Equality by Jeffrey T. Sammons and John H. Morrow
Renée Poznanski
Pétain's Jewish Children: French Jewish Youth and the Vichy Regime, 1940–1942 by Daniel Lee
Nicole Rudolph
The Social Project: Housing Postwar France by Kenny Cupers
Kathryn Kleppinger
French Moves: The Cultural Politics of Le Hip Hop by Felicia McCarren
Camille Robcis
The Politics of Adoption: Gender and the Making of French Citizenship by Bruno Perreau
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Free Checking Accounts, Online Banking and More
A Merchants Bank checking account always comes with the personal attention and service you should expect from your bank.
We offer different checking account products, each with benefits tailored to meet your needs and provide the convenience you expect and deserve, like easy online banking. We also offer several types of Overdraft Protection options for qualified applicants available with Relationship Checking, eChecking or Free Checking. We encourage students and young adults looking for a Debit Card account to look at eChecking and Free Checking, our two most popular Debit Card accounts.
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A MasterCard Debit Card is for people on-the-go who appreciate 24-hour banking convenience. Use it at retail locations worldwide and online, wherever MasterCard is accepted. Youll access the funds in your checking account without ever writing a check. It even doubles as an ATM card at any automated teller machine when you are in need of cash.
How does fraud detection at Merchants Bank work?
We work with our trusted partner, FraudWatch at Elan Financial Services, to monitor fraud trends and detect fraudulent transactions on your debit card accounts 24/7.
We will call you in the event of a suspicious transaction. You may receive a call from our partner, Elan, who will make you aware that the call is being placed on behalf of Merchants Bank.
When our partner calls you, they will ask you for some identifying information - such as the last four digits of your Social Security Number. They will never ask you for your full number. If you are uncomfortable and don't want to speak with our partner, please call your local Merchants Bank office and verify the transaction or let us know that you did not make the purchase in question.
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Be sure to notify us of your travel plans
|Its important for you to contact Merchants before you leave to ensure the best service while you are out of town. If you make purchases in a state or country where you don't normally use your Merchants Bank debit or credit card, we may think these transactions are fraudulent unless we know otherwise.
When contacting the Bank regarding your travel plans, we will ask for the following information:
If you have a Merchants Bank Debit Card or Credit Card - Please call us at (800) 944-6285 and ask to speak to a Customer Service Representative about your travel plans.We strongly recommend that you carry more than one form of payment during your trip. Interruptions within any card network are always a very real possibility. Carrying multiple forms of payment reduces frustrations when trying to complete a needed purchase.
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eChecking was created for those who primarily wish to bank through electronic channels, such as with a debit card, ATM, mobile or online banking and automatic deposits and withdrawals.
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Free Checking is for those who just want a basic checking, or debit card, account. Free checking provides the convenience and flexibility of a checking account without any minimum balance requirements. Youll also enjoy access to electronic channels, such as mobile, online and telephone banking, free of charge.
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And, protect yourself from overdraft fees with an Overdraft Line of Credit for your Free Checking Account. When you qualify, coverage automatically kicks in when you need it!
Free Online Banking, free Mobile Banking and free Telephone Banking are available.
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Active Duty/Veterans Preferred Checking
Active Duty/Veterans Preferred Checking is a special banking package available to military personnel and their families as a small thank you for all theyve done to protect our freedom.
Our military customers will receive value, convenience, special discounts and peace of mind. You can be confident that you will receive the true personalized attention and service that only a community bank can offer.
We are humbled by your willingness to sacrifice and honored to offer you this special benefit package. Click here for details!
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To accompany our personal checking accounts, we offer a variety of overdraft protection options.
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* Federal Law, Regulation D (204.2(d)(2)), prohibits more than six (6) automatic transfers from a savings account per calendar month. Account charges will apply if the number of transfers exceed savings account parameters.
Personal Overdraft Line of Credit for your checking account
A Merchants Bank Personal Overdraft Line of Credit is available to qualified applicants. Funds from this revolving line of credit will transfer to the overdrawn checking account, up to the approved line amount, in increments of $300. The monthly payment amount is determined by the outstanding line of credit balance. Apply Now for a Merchants Bank Personal Overdraft Line of Credit for your checking account.
Automatic Transfer from your Merchants Bank savings account or another of your Merchants Bank checking accounts
We can also set up an automatic transfer from another of your personal savings or checking accounts to cover an occasional overdraft.
Transfers from a savings or checking account will be in the amount of the overdraft, plus a nominal transfer charge. The transfer amount will be detailed on both your checking and savings account statement. All savings accounts are eligible for this service except our Kids Savers Club. Contact Us for more details or to set up an automatic transfer from a savings or checking account for overdraft protection.
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Maybe an automatic transfer from your Merchants Bank Home Equity Line of Credit makes sense for overdraft protection for your individual situation. Transfers from your Home Equity Line will be in the amount of the overdraft. Contact Us for more details or to set up an automatic transfer from your Merchants Bank Home Equity Line of Credit for overdraft protection.
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More awesome Mixers rocking our symbol t-shirts in Melbourne!! :D
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It's Charter Schools Week
House Joint Resolution 1030, sponsored by Rep. Ken Summers, R-Lakewood, and Sen. Peter Groff, D-Denver, was introduced to proclaim this week as Colorado Charter Schools Week.
This year is the 14th anniversary of the passage of the Charter Schools Act in Colorado.
The resolution says "through innovation and a focus on quality education, charter schools contribute to the statewide efforts to improve education in Colorado."
The resolution was introduced one week after Rep. Michael Merrifield, D-Colorado Springs, came under fire for controversial comments about charter schools.
Source: Colorado General Assembly
Can we quote you on that?
"Will the sergeants please remove some of the Democrats so we can win some of these votes?"
-Sen. Mike Kopp, R-Littleton, who presided over the Senate during a debate on a sex-education bill. Republicans tried their hardest to weaken the legislation, which requires schools to include discussion of contraception and sexually transmitted diseases in sex-ed classes.