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Milwaukee college student gets D.C. internship
Carroll University history major Melissa Graham, of Milwaukee, is spending the summer in Washington, D. C. as a Congressional intern.
She's one of 23 Latino students from across the country chosen for the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute's (CHCI) youth leadership development and education program.
The interns are spending eight weeks this summer working in Congressional offices on Capitol Hill getting a first hand glimpse at the legislative process and issues pending before the U.S. House and U. S. Senate.
Interns get housing, round trip transportation to Washington and a $2,500 stipend. They're also required to work on a collaborative community service project. This year that project is focused on spreading the word and informing the local community about the importance of participating in the 2010 Census.
Graham hopes to pursue a career in education or policy, according to a press release from the CHCI.
She and the other interns are also blogging on the CHCI website about their experiences. Check it out.
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Code & Coffee is a cool meeting for those who like coffee and love writing code. The idea is simple. Just come along and you may find other developers writing some code before going to work while drinking some coffee.
This is a great opportunity to:
• meet other software crafters
• work on pet or open-source projects
• pair with someone else on whatever you like (katas, koans, etc)
• ask someone to join or help you with your own project
• have a face-to-face meeting with your mentor or mentee
• have a nice chat over coffee: locally roasted Dark Fluid coffee made on our lovely espresso machine.
There is no agenda. Come along, bring your laptop, meet other developers, write some code (if you want) and have a coffee. Doors open at 7:30am and close at 9:30am, but you can come and leave whenever you like.
You must register beforehand.
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P.S. If you want to organise a Code & Coffee in another location, please let us know. We will be happy to help and announce it to the community.
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Embed Zoho Creator forms and views into your wordpress posts.
The ZohoCreator plugin can be used for embedding your Zoho Creator forms and views in WordPress blog posts. You can also customize your form background.
To use this plugin you need an account in Zoho Creator. Signup at Zoho Creator.
The plugin will add a button to the TinyMCE editor which, when clicked, will ask you to sign in, if you are not logged in Creator, then after sign in, you can choose your form or view. A shortcode will be created in the editor, and the form or view will be rendered in your WordPress blog. Customizing your form background is also allowed, you can specify the background colors of the "Form", "Hedder"and "Footer".
You can also type the shortcode by yourself in the editor, like the one specified below.
[creator src="https://creator.zoho.com/username/form_link_name/form-embed/form_name"]
Requires: 2.8 or higher
Last Updated: 4 months ago
Active Installs: 300+
Got something to say? Need help?


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|Net sales revenue
|Total Operating Revenue
|Operating profit (EBIT)
|Net Profit(Loss)
|Total Assets
|Total equity
|Operating Profit Margin
|Return on Sales (ROS)
|Return on Equity (ROE)
|Debt to equity
|Quick ratio
|Cash Ratio
Vychodoslovenska energetika a.s. Kosice is a local utility distribution company. Tha main activity of the company is buy-out, distribution and sale of electricity to companies or individuals. At present VSE supplies electricity to Kosice, Presov and Banska Bystrice. VSE´s suppliers are at first Slovenske elektrarne a.s. and other small utilities. It is a part of RWE Group.More
Mlynska 31
Kosice ; Kosicky; Map
Postal Code: 04291
Tel: (+4215) 5678 6516
Email: email@example.com
Website: http://www.vse.sk
Full name: Vychodoslovenska energetika, a.s.
Previous name(s): Vychodoslovenske energeticke zavody s.p. Kosice (2001)
Status: Non-Listed
Legal Form: Public Limited Company
Operational Status: Operational
Incorporation Date: 01-Jan-02


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A Foggy day by panosoziWatch
©2012-2016 panosozi
photo taken at my town Florina, a foggy day.
Florina, Greece.
Florina, Greece.
Πολύ ιδιαίτερα τα χρώματα! Μπράβο!
omorfh alla poly sharp.
nasai kala gia to sxolio. ti ennoeis poly sharp?
More Urban/City Life than Street, but still a fine piece of work.
thanks a lot for ur commend and that u liked my photo.
u are right, i change it to urban/city life.
u are right, i change it to urban/city life.
poly wraia
I love this image! I've been trying to capture foggy weather but it always appear just as it's getting dark so I don't get chance.


text:
Bypass the box office line at many theaters with guaranteed tickets. If something comes up, you can return or exchange up to two hours before showtime through Fandango.
Earn rewards points from our partners, including AMC Stubs, Regal Crown Club and more.
Save your favorite theaters and movies to experience a customized Fandango just for you.
Get the VIP treatment, free screenings, digital downloads, discounts and more.
Looking for movie tickets? Enter your location to see which movie theaters are playing Stuart Little 2 near you.
This sequel to a family hit based on the popular children's book by E.B. White again mixes live action actors with computer-animated cartoon characters. Michael J. Fox returns as the voice of Stuart Little, a three-inch tall talking mouse adopted by a human family in New York City. When his older "brother", George (Jonathan Lipnicki), starts spending more time with his other friends, playing games that Mrs. Little (Geena Davis) feels are too dangerous for the diminutive Stuart, the lonely fellow goes in search of companionship and finds it when he makes the acquaintance of Margalo (voice of Melanie Griffith), a tiny bird wounded by a sinister falcon (voice of James Woods) that is relentlessly pursuing her. While Margalo's busted wing heals up the Littles' house, Stuart grows closer to her and falls in love, but his new pal is hiding a secret that involves the villainous falcon and jewelry theft. In order to save his friend and their friendship, Stuart must call upon the assistance of the dreaded Snowbell (voice of Nathan Lane), the Little family cat with a Catskills comic delivery and no great love of Stuart. ~ Karl Williams, Rovi


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Play any type of Game at Y8.com. The biggest Game Collection to play free online. Flash, Unity 3D, Html5, Android, Java and Shockwave.
If the game freezes, just click inside it (games can get unresponsive if you click elsewhere on the page).
The Dinosaurs have learned of a massive Solar Flare about to boil the Solar System! In order to save their species, the Dinosaurs are working feverishly to construct a fleet of space ships that will take them to safety. The first test ship is the amazing Velocirocket!! However, the evil Venusians stand in the way of saving the Dinosaurs!
This game is played with mouse only.


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VOL. LXVII JULY, 1963 No. 1
re rree ozorts i Cordll CoutY
runs a thoroughfare called "The East Range and Sugar
Loaf Mountain Road." It connects North Fort Hood
with South Fort Hood. If this road could talk, it would tell a
strange tale. The scene of the story would be in Coryell County,
and the first chapter would take place during the days of the
Republic of Texas. It would tell of hardy pioneers attempting
to settle this country and of marauding Indians who stole their
stock, burned their log cabins, and killed many of them.
The second chapter would be about a new-born state and a
newly-burdened Federal Government that established a line of
forts from Fort Duncan on the Rio Grande to Coffee's Bend on
Red River to protect these settlers. Among these protective in-
stallations was Fort Gates on the north side of the Leon River
about five miles east of present Gatesville. The road would also
explain that, in order to bring troops and supplies into the new
camp, it was necessary to establish a line of travel across many
miles of unsettled land to connect Fort Gates with the chain of
forts lying south of it; that, when the Indians were driven back
toward the northwest, the fort was moved on to a new location at
Phantom Hill.
The next chapter would be a long one lasting almost a hun-
dred years. It would tell of pioneers moving into the buildings
left vacant at the fort, of settlers pouring into the area along "The
Old Military Road," and of Coryell County being organized. Then
there would be the story of the grain and cotton wagons traveling
the road, of the laughter of children going to school, of buggies
and surreys carrying families to church, of the coming of the
automobile, of tractors, mechanized farm equipment, registered
Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 67, July 1963 - April, 1964. Austin, Texas. The Portal to Texas History. http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101197/. Accessed February 9, 2016.


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Monday night I went to hear A L Kennedy read from The Blue Book – about which more later. While introducing her, our tutor, Carole Burns, mentioned that Kennedy's website had a section for writers. So, of course, when I got home I checked it out, including a page called "Possibly Encouraging Quotes". This was the first one:
"Until one is committed there is hesitancy, the chance to draw back, always ineffective. Concerning all acts of creation, there is one elementary truth, the ignorance of which kills countless ideas and endless plans – that the moment one definitely commits oneself, then Providence moves too. All sorts of things occur to help one that would never otherwise have occurred. A whole stream of events issues from the decision, raising in one's favour all manner of unseen incidents and meetings and material assistance, which no one could have dreamed would come their way. Whatever you can do, or dream you can, begin it. Boldness has genius, power and magic in it – begin it now."
See that bit in bold? Look familiar to you? Check out my blog header – the tag line on the right? Uh huh.
Then yesterday I headed over to Earful of Cider. In her Random Thursday posting, Sarah had a subsection entitled "So You Want to FTF?" Which of course I do. Sarah recommended a visit to Timothy Hallinan's website. I always do what Sarah says, so I hit the link and started reading and here's what I found on page two of Hallinan's Finish Your Novel pages:
"Whatever you think you can do or believe you can do, begin it – for action has magic and grace in it."
That's when my head exploded. That Goethe quote appearing two times in the same week – the quote I chose a year ago when I revamped my blog and decided to get serious about writing.
Then today (hell yeah, there's more) I had to run a damn errand. Driving along the
highway motorway, I glanced at the car in front of me and my head exploded again:
I know. I'm no MSB. I couldn't get a closer shot. Luckily, we both took the next exit and there was a red light:
See that
license number plate?
The universe is speaking to me. Of that I am certain. And it's telling me to Finish the Fucker.


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Mariah Milano fucked in the streets of LA


text:
Learning Center Search Results
Showing 1-10 of 17 results
Find out how documents held by The National Archives can reveal a fascinating picture of the domestic lives of ordinary people living through the Second World War.
This is a lesson on learning and practicing old English script. Examples of handwriting and reading documents are presented.
Researching Maximilian Parker, the father of Butch Cassidy, using the Internet, Lancashire England records, and LDS records.
Follow That Lead: From Census Entry to Google Maps
Having located a family in one of the census returns, how can one find out where the property in which they lived is located and what it looked like? An intriguing question, the solution to which is often hampered by the destruction of property during two world wars and the actions of property developers. The examples used will concentrate on the 1911 census, but will suggest avenues for earlier properties. Dr. Christopher T. Watts, FSG has nearly 40 years experience in English genealogical research, both on his own family and professionally. He recently retired after 11 years as a part-time Reader Adviser at The National Archives. He has published books on Merchant Seamen, British Army and Tracing Births, Deaths and Marriages at Sea. He is a regular speaker here in the UK and at conferences overseas. We apologise for the variable sound quality during the recording.
Heralds and Heraldry at The National Archives
The National Archives holds possibly the greatest collection of untapped source material for heralds and heraldry in this country. This lecture examines evidence stretching back over eight and a half centuries: seals, illuminated manuscripts, medieval rolls, treaties, grants of arms, state occasions, architectural drawings, military badges and even wooden chests. The result is an astonishing and colourful display of what is often unknown heraldic material. Adrian Ailes is a Principal Records Specialist at The National Archives and in 1997 organised an exhibition on Heraldry in the Public Records. He is a Fellow of the Heraldry Society and an academician of the Academie internationale d'héraldique.
'In the High Court of Justice' examines the records of the Chancery Division of the High Court (the post-1875 successor of the Chancery Court). This talk shows what is available and how to find your way around the documents. The recently transferred records of the Court Funds Office is also discussed and Dr Watts uses a worked example - a case over a disputed will - that was in the High Court for 49 years! The case names over 200 individuals over five generations - giving their relationship and dates and places of birth, marriage and death. The talk contains guidance on the use of these records for all users not just family historians. Dr Christopher T. Watts, FSG has nearly 40 years experience in English genealogical research, both on his own family and professionally. He recently retired after 11 years as a part-time Reader Adviser at The National Archives. He has published books, including My Ancestor was a Merchant Seaman, My Ancestor was in the British Army and Tracing Births, Deaths and Marriages at Sea. He is a regular speaker in the UK and at conferences overseas.
Overseas Births, Marriages and Deaths: Records in The National Archives
There is no single place to find all the birth, marriage and death records of the British overseas. However, The National Archives holds a substantial number of them, in a variety of record collections. This talk looks at civilian and military registers kept by the British authorities, and by churches, consulates and other bodies abroad. Please note that this talk does not include events at sea, which are the subject of a separate talk. Speaker Keith Mitchell joined The National Archives ten years ago and specialises in overseas birth, marriage and death records.
Principle Sources for British Research - Pre 1837
Using Church of England parish registers and Bishop's Transcripts to find ancestors in England and Wales.
Reading English Handwritten Records Lesson 1: English Secretary Hand Letters
In this lesson you will explore the letters of the Secretary Hand, the style of handwriting found in many of the English and colonial records created during the 1500s and 1600s.
Reading English Handwritten Records Lesson 2: Dates and Latin Words
In this lesson, you will explore abbreviations, different ways that dates were recorded, and Latin words that are commonly found in English and colonial records.


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Displaying the first of 5 photos of Walton.
Historic maps of Walton and the local area, hand-drawn by Ordnance Survey cartographers and Samuel Lewis.
Browse 19 photo books on Walton and the surrounding area.
I was born in Walton Hospital January 1947. We lived in a prefab next to Speke Airport but moved to Stanley Park Avenue North, Walton when I was 4. I have many good memories: 1. Walton Hall Park being used for ...Read full memory
I WAS BORN IN Walton hospital end of 1946, and was Baptized in Walton Church, we lived in Margaret Road, went to Arnot street school, and then in November of 1969 we were married in this ...Read full memory
1955 DATE WITH DIANA BARON,AND I MESSED UP,GOT INTO THE CARLTON AND FORGOT TO BUY HER TICKET,SHE WAS A BEAUTIFUL GIRL WHOM I MET AT THE OTHER CINEMA,THE WALTON VALE,WE DID LIKE EACH OTHER AT THE TIME,BUT I BLEW IT,MY ...Read full memory


text:
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Sex and Politics: Trump Drops the F-bomb During Stump Speech; Bernie's Reaction to the Latest Jobs Report; We Recap the MSNBC Democratic Debate; Susan Saradon's Cleavage Controversy; Why Are Guys Suddenly Weird About Exposed Boobs?; The Contradictions of Conservative Puritans; Following Politics...
Author - Bob Cesca
Sarah Palin Re-Emerges with a Seemingly Drunken Facebook Rant About Martin O'Malley and the "Democrat Party"
Holy hell, Ms. Palin, what did the English language ever do to you to deserve this punishment?
Mike Huckabee Thinks the Executive Branch Can Ignore Supreme Court Rulings
Bottom line: this is all about same-sex marriage and abortion. Nothing else. The conservative tea party wing of the GOP is surreptitiously attempting to manufacture another loophole to circumvent both Roe v. Wade and, at the same time, the judiciary's rapid overturning of anti-LGBT legislation and...
Alex Jones Fails to Show Up for an ABC News Interview then Insists It's a Conspiracy Against Him
Conspiracy theory swindler Alex Jones is playing ABC News like a violin -- a violin wrapped in tin-foil.
The Five Nearly Impossible Challenges for Bernie Sanders and His Supporters
There's a definite nobility in voting for candidates who best align with our personal values, even if they have no chance of winning. But our convictions in the voting booth are equally if not less important as having a realistic outlook on the bigger picture, and voters of both parties would do...
In Defense of "Baltimore Mom" Toya Graham
Until we've walked a mile in Ms. Graham's shoes, and until we've faced down the same crisis, it's unfair to condemn her for what she did. Today, her son is alive and free, and some day, perhaps he'll be wise enough to thank her for it.
The Profound Unfairness of the Baltimore Riots
There's something grossly, profoundly unfair happening in Baltimore and across the country tonight.
Ted Cruz: Gay Activists and Marriage Equality Supporters Are 'Liberal Fascists'
We've been over and over the marriage issue recently, but this is the first time in a while someone has resurrected the "liberal fascism" myth and hamfistedly crammed it into this debate.
You'll Never Guess What Same-Sex Marriage Will Lead to Now…
You might think Pastor Jeffress is an isolated quack, but he's perfectly in line was mainstream conservative dogma. Enter the Heritage Foundation...
Morning Awesome
Inspiral Carpets - "Two Worlds Collide"
Subscribe to the After Party Podcast or Download Individual Episodes!
The Alton Browncast: Bob Recaps the Podcast Awards; Chez's Replacements Concert Bender; Bob and Paula from Bubble Genius Nearly Died Twice; Our Las Vegas Experience; The Guy in the Funny Hat; Slow Shatner; Game of Thrones Premiere; The Star Wars Trailer; Louie; Silicon Valley; an Elephant Hunter is...
Ready for Hillary Derangement Syndrome?
The 2016 election is underway, and it's officially shaping up to be silly season every season. Brace for impact.
Morning Awesome
Foo Fighters - "Learn to Fly"
Conspiracy Theorist Alex Jones Says Boston Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Was "Totally Set Up"
A lot of times, it's entertaining to watch how wildly Jones flails around a story, and I've noticed that the louder he yells, the more wrong he is. However, when it comes to the Boston Marathon bombing and especially the Sandy Hook massacre, Jones routinely craps all over the memories of those who...
Morning Awesome
Jay Ungar & Molly Mason Family Band - "Ashokan Farewell." 150 years ago today, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General U.S. Grant, effectively ending the most brutal and yet most transformative era in American history.
The Execution of Walter Scott
Anyone who watches the video of Walter Scott being shot seven times by Officer Michael Slager last Saturday who can't see the egregiousness of it all needs to take some time to reevaluate his or her sense of right versus wrong.
Morning Awesome
Eurythmics - "I Saved The World Today"
Rick Santorum: Should Gay Print Shop Owners Be Forced to Print "God Hates Fags" Signs?
Thank you to CBS's Face the Nation and host Norah O'Donnell for finally looping Rick Santorum into the debate about "religious freedom" laws and anti-gay discrimination. What the nation really needs right now is Santorum's take on discrimination -- the same zealot who said that same-sex...
Morning Awesome
Rush - "Territories" Live
Good News: the Arkansas Religious Freedom Bill is Dead. Bad News: a Worse Bill in North Carolina is on the Way.
Another RFRA was introduced in the North Carolina legislature that, again, is almost exactly like the Indiana RFRA and the referred-back Arkansas bill. But this one is a lot worse.


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Will there ever be another singer who can even come close to Luther Vandross – in terms of range, soul and sheer vocal ability? To his true fans and those lucky enough to have seen him perform live in his lifetime, that's a tough question. All we can do is enjoy the music we have… read all
Am I the only one who no longer really cares about the Grammy Awards? I remember as a kid staying up late to watch every year, and feeling tremendous excitement if my favorite singers won. Nowadays it feels like an extended eye roll. On SNL recently, the Grammy nominees were likened to "a Spotify playlist… read all
I was born in Trinidad and raised on Bob Marley's music. Back in 2010, I wrote this homage that still is so true: When I was a toddler, my dad spent time in Jamaica studying for a master's degree. When he returned, he brought what seemed like Bob Marley's entire record collection with him.Uprising. Natty Dread.Burnin'. Survival. Rastaman… read all
2014 proved to be a banner year for concerts for me. Within the past few years, I've seen SO much good music. For 2015, I honestly don't have a long list of many artists that I'm still dying to see for the first time ever. In fact, the artist at the very top of my… read all
I grew up in a Stevie Wonder household, where we had Songs in the Key of Life on vinyl as part of our family musical soundtrack. So many of these songs bring back to vivid memories of joyful occasions and tough times. These songs have lifted me up and nurtured me through my upbringing. When… read all
If he were still with us, today Michael Jackson would be 56. He's still so loved and so deeply missed, and still so ubiquitous in pop culture. This summer, Love Never Felt So Good was part of the barbecue playlist and in regular rotation in TV commercials. MJ is still with us. Another way he's… read all
Our first road trip was in June 2001, in a red hatchback Honda Civic that had no air conditioning. Steve and I were dating, deeply in love, about to start our lives together. I knew I wanted to do my MFA in Creative Writing somewhere. Steve wanted me to see more of America than Miami…. read all
This post is sponsored by COVERGIRL! Last night BET aired the annual Black Girls Rock! awards and I was SO thoroughly entertained and inspired. I'm so taken with Beverly Bond's creation. Her organization goes so much further beyond glitz and glamour. It's about reaching back and lifting up our sisters, it's about recognizing our accomplishments… read all
This week kicked off with a BANG for me. Fresh from my trip to New Orleans, I had to attend a very special event. Thanks to my friends at COVERGIRL, I was invited to the special, exclusive listening party for Janelle Monae's new album, The Electric Lady! And not only that, I got to bring… read all
This past week just whizzed by me in a total blur. I'm now playing catch up from all the fun I had. I can blame it all on the fabulous weekend I enjoyed in Los Angeles. Thanks to my friends at GM and Cadillac, I returned to the BET Awards for the second year in… read all


text:
- About MCS
- Admissions
- Academics
- Student Life
- Support MCS
- MCS Parents
"MCS has fostered a great deal of independence in my child. He is responsible, sustains interest, and shows a keen interest in learning."
— Current Primary parent
Please join us right after drop-off for the next MCA Meeting. We'll be in the Spanish room.
4512 Pope Road, Durham, NC 27707 firstname.lastname@example.com | (919) 493-8541


text:
March 23, 2015
Book Review: Adam Tooze, "The Deluge"
"Liberalism is the only thing that can save civilization from chaos – from a flood of ultra-radicalism that will swamp the world…" These are the words of Woodrow Wilson aboard the SS George Washington in December 1918, reflecting on the tasks confronted by the United States and her allies after their victory in the First World War. It is also the fundamental thesis of Adam Tooze's The Deluge, the long-awaited followup to his brilliant discussion of the political economy of Nazi Germany (for a discussion of which, see here and following). Applying his profound talent for combining political economy with international relations, Tooze's central subject is the aftermath of World War I and the challenge of creating a new world order amidst the ruins of the old European powers. This challenge, as he presents it, was a dual one. On the one hand it involved the recognition by all European powers, victors or vanquished, that the United States was now the pre-eminent economic power in the world, with the potential of translating this tremendous advantage into equivalent military and political power on the world stage; and on the other hand it involved the attempts by Woodrow Wilson as American President to effect this transformation of the world balance of powers while simultaneously disentangling the United States from a war alliance that he had never wanted in the first place, and which threatened to perpetually constrain the freedom of action the Americans needed to make this potential a reality.
The main dynamic through which this contest was fought out, in Tooze's economic historical telling, is the question of debt and credit. While Tooze emphasizes that the American contribution to the Entente victory in the military sphere was modest at best, the main American contribution lay not in manpower or materiel, but in the financing of the war effort. The Entente victors ended the war owing the United States a vast sum in inter-Allied debts, and the Americans – Democrats and Republicans alike – were intent on making good on these claims and in so doing subjugate the British and French permanently to a world order of American dominance. However, what complicated the picture was the demand for reparations established by the Entente powers against (especially) Germany, which was perpetually unable to actually pay these. The efforts of international diplomacy and politics in the period 1916-1930 therefore became a veritable pyramid scheme with the United States on top, and each debtor below attempting to recoup their own losses before the whole collapsed under its contradictions. In order to forestall such a collapse and to obtain the necessary leverage combined with the equally necessary flexibility, the Entente powers attempted various means of political institutionalization of the debt and credit relations, from the League of Nations to the series of international agreements between Versailles (1919) and the Young Plan (1930).
Tooze's narrative, while complex and providing a wealth of substantive detail on everything from the Soviet-Polish War to the internal dynamics of Japanese interwar parliaments, can roughly be summarized as follows. Wilson's politics, Tooze argues, have wrongly been portrayed as a naive or 'idealist' internationalism. Instead, what Wilson recognized was that the only possibility to prevent another such political crisis as 1914 was the establishment of a new liberal order. This order must be based on the fact of American hegemony (which naturally Wilson favored), and in order to achieve this, it was necessary to avoid permanent alliances between the US and European powers, instead favoring 'peace without victory' in World War I. When this failed, Wilson shifted to a strategy of using the inter-Allied debt leverage to enforce his vision, seeking to use this constraint on the freedom of the victorious European powers to prevent them from any further 19th century style inter-imperialist rivalry. Instead of the old balance and rivalry of powers, there was now to be a world based on the 'Open Door', the freedom of the seas, and the liberal international institutions like the League of Nations. This would guarantee a world where liberal-democratic principles could slowly embed themselves in all the major states and where American economic superiority could be peacefully translated into political dominance without the need for further intercontinental entanglement.
Tooze's tale, however, is not one of success but of failure. The two central theses he develops out of his narrative are the observations that 1) this liberal-democratic new order was the only possibility to prevent the twin radicalisms of Communism and fascism from taking hold in a serious way, and 2) that it failed to come about due to the incompatibility of the demands of the winners and losers of the post-WWI settlement and due to the repeated failure of American diplomacy to effectively cajole the main powers into a 'peace without victory'. The result was the 'second Thirty Years War', as some historians are now describing it, that we are all familiar with. This approach involves a convincing reinterpretation and rehabilitation of many aspects of the period often dismissed in later years: Wilson's internationalist vision, both less naive and less successful than often portrayed; the Versailles Treaty, a necessary step in institutionalizing the "chain gang" that bound the losing powers to the winning powers and the winning powers to the United States; and even the much-condemned Clemenceau and French foreign policy, whose supposed revanchism against Germany appears very defensible in light of the damaged and exposed position of the postwar French state.
The strength of Tooze's narrative, besides his admirable command of source materials and the logic of international macroeconomics, is to replace the usual psychologizing narratives of WWI and its aftermath (Clemenceau's revenge, Lloyd George's deceit, Wilson's naivete, Lenin's devilishness, etc) with a plausible model that explains the diplomatic continuities across parties of the period in terms of economic and political interests. In that sense this work definitely represents the 'realist' approach in international relations at its best. But it is not wholly shorn of discussions of ideology and the domestic conflicts of parties and factions either: an important part of Tooze's discussion of the would-be liberal global dispensation is the domestic opposition between the liberal-internationalist politicians, oriented towards the United States, and the radicals of left and right, seeking to prevent the former from bringing about this order. In this model it therefore makes less difference what individuals or even political ideologies were involved, but mainly what position they took vis-a-vis this "remaking of global order", as the book's subtitle puts it – hence the convergence between a bourgeois radical like Clemenceau and a rightwing nationalist like Stresemann. Yet both the oppositionalism of left and right radicals and the opportunism of this expansive 'center' meant that those in the "chain gang" failed to come to terms with the new order sufficiently to make its institutions work. The result, Tooze suggests, was the stillbirth of democracy in much of the world and the victory of the radical forces over the liberals, so that another world war became inevitable.
The obvious strengths of this explanation are also its weaknesses. Much more than in his rightly lauded previous work, The Wages of Destruction, the worldview expressed in the book seems that of a contemporary 'muscular liberalism'. Tooze truly believes in the liberal hierarchy of nations supervised by the United States, and wishes it could have been established earlier. This necessitates some political judgements that are, to say the least, debatable. He does not hide the fundamentally imperialist nature of Britain or France after WWI or their futile efforts to combine the new internationalism with a stronger grip on their colonies. But he never quite reconciles the enduring imperialist adventures he describes – from the colonization of Egypt in 1919 to the Japanese efforts to divide and rule in China or the Franco-British schemes in the Middle East – with his repeated assertion that the new world order was based on the recognition that the 'old imperialism' (which Tooze argues only really started in the 1880s anyway) was no longer possible in an era of mass mobilization, and that the era of global competition was over (287). He is therefore unjustifiably sanguine about the "liberal imperialism" and its supposed moral advances over the previous era.
Tooze is honest enough to report the contradictions: "Liberal visions", he writes in a discussion of the British suppression of Indian national liberation between the wars, "were necessary to sustain empire in the sense that they offered fundamental justifications. But they were always likely to be reduced to painful hypocrisy by the real practices of imperial power…" (391). Very true. But how are we to reconcile this hypocrisy with the seemingly self-evident desirability of the liberal order over that of the 'radicals'? A similar problem appears in the omission of any discussion of the racial dimension. Again, Tooze honestly reports on Wilson's white supremacist views, and how the latter's politics were founded on his hatred of the Reconstruction period. He regularly mentions the usage of racial categories and language by the diplomats of the Entente nations, and the hasty rejection of Japan's motion for racial equality in the Treaty of Versailles. But the connection between these views of racial hierarchy and the content of what he sometimes calls the "liberal imperial order" – even had it succeeded – is not made explicit.
This stands in strange contradiction to the importance he attaches to the racial-colonial dynamic of Nazi Germany's war strategy in The Wages of Destruction, where precisely the importance attached to this dimension gives his narrative such an added explanatory power. Japan's defection from the liberal order towards fascist military adventurism is portrayed as a consequence of the Great Depression, which there as elsewhere robbed the liberals of their main (economic) arguments to hold the revanchists at bay. This is true enough as it goes; but might it not also have something to do with the statement by Victor Wellesley of the Foreign Office on Chinese policy, which was founded on the observation that "the prestige of the European races has been steadily declining in the Far East… and it has suffered a severe blow as a result of the Great War" (406)? Do not the repeated expressions of racial contempt for Slavic peoples, for the 'Jewish degenerate' Bolsheviks, and the horror stories about the Senegalese forces in French service, combined with the white supremacist policies of the Americans, perhaps matter more than incidentally for the shape the postwar order took and the inspiration of fascism? In his previous book Tooze was clear about this; in the present it seems much more muddled.
Radicalism, for Tooze's liberal IR realism, is all of one kind and necessarily leads to war and destruction without clear advantages. The book throughout equates Communists, fascists, anarchists and other radicals in the political sphere, making it a matter of diplomatic indifference whom one is dealing with; he equally applauds Gustav Noske's repression of the Spartakusbund as the failure of the Beer Hall Putsch. The Soviet Union is treated with nothing but scorn and contempt, and Lenin appears as nothing but a deluded adventurer who destroyed Russian democracy (the Constituent Assembly, which gets a great deal of space) and became a puppet of German interests. (Given Tooze's main sources on the Russian Revolution and its aftermath appear to be the works of Richard Pipes and Orlando Figes, his lopsided and absurd judgements are perhaps not so surprising.) The repeated repression of the workers' movement, from the French miners to the revolutionary moment of 1919-1920 all the way to the UK General Strike of 1926, is virtually without fail applauded by Tooze. For him, Noske is a responsible statesman, Clemenceau a "pragmatic reformer" who was "demonised" for repressing the miners' strikes with armed force by the "doctrinaires" of the French Socialist Party, and the Entente intervention against the October Revolution a defense of democracy. The 'Red Scare' and Palmer raids in the US after WWI, often seen as precursors to McCarthyism, are a mere "carnivalesque distraction" (354). The minor welfare programmes and high taxes of the Lib-Lab policies in Western Europe after the war, however, represent "immense new burdens" (250), and the pensions and compensations for war veterans a dubious "new notion of entitlement" (359).
Although Tooze repeatedly admits that the liberal imperial order he favors did not really – beyond the persona of Wilson – have the support of the great majority, he sticks to defending it without fail as "progressive" or the "progressive center", even putting 'imperialist' between scare quotes when applied to its protagonists, despite his own descriptions of the fundamental accuracy of that term. In distinction to this progressivity, the radicals can never be right – that Weimar Germany or Soviet Russia attempted to come to understandings with defeated or colonized powers like China, or indeed each other, is depicted as "self-indulgent nationalist fantasy" (436). Sinn Fein's independence movement was an expression of "apocalyptic radicalism" (377), and the repeated "political concessions to nationalism" forced upon the British empire (the only one examined in detail) are discussed with more than a hint of regret. One will find little patience with national liberation ideas or radical politics of whatever stripe in Tooze's book: it's the American way or the highway as far as the peace of nations is concerned.
This also generates difficulties for him in describing the deflationary policies that have become so notorious in retrospect. Whereas an economic historian like Barry Eichengreen represents mainstream opinion in (probably overly simply) seeing the crisis caused by the deflationary policy and the subsequent dissolution of the liberal-imperialist interwar order as the result of bad economic theory, Tooze is more ambivalent. He explains the virtual universality of the deflationary attachment to the gold standard as the expression of the desire to be part of the new American-led order of 'Open Door' international relations, surely a much more plausible explanation than simple error. However, the difficulty is that this deflationary economics undeniably was a major factor in the crisis of 1920-1921 as well as that of 1929; and these crises, in turn, destroyed the world order Tooze so favors. It therefore appears both as the necessary result of liberal internationalism and its destruction, which raises the question whether – just as with the notion of 'liberal imperialism' in India and elsewhere – the strategy was not too internally contradictory to have ever been a plausible historical outcome to begin with.
On that note, one final aspect of the work should be noted. It does not escape Tooze, of course, that parallels can be found between the institutionalization of international debt and credit relations between the wars and the construction of the European Economic Community after them; nor the significance of the League of Nations, the Kellogg-Briand Pact and other treaty forms of American-led international pacification for the United Nations of today. Indeed, Tooze emphasizes such continuities, suggesting that he seems to regard the present order and its problems as comparable to those of the internationalist liberalism of the Wilsonian vision. Even the role of (Soviet) Russia is perceived in this way, where German policy is portrayed as a necessary response to its inherent threat after WWII as much as before the Great War: it was the "very real threat of a Soviet takeover", we are told, "that drove West Germany willy-nilly into the arms of the West and kept it there" (276). (In fact, Stalin repeatedly offered the possibility of a neutral and united Germany, which the West, including West Germans, declined.) For Tooze, the ad hoc alliance between the Entente nations presages NATO and the Marshall Plan, equally defined by the opposition between liberal democratic internationalism and the violent revanchism of radicals. But as the present Eurozone crisis demonstrates, the straitjacket or "chain gang" such 'internationalism' of debt and credit represents can do at least as much harm as the radicals, and moreover helps to bring radicalism about – a similar contradiction today to that that frustrated the Wilsonian order.
These political considerations aside, one is unlikely to find a better treatment of the intersection of global economics and diplomacy between the wars than Adam Tooze's The Deluge. As with his previous work, it certainly helps to have a basic grasp of macroeconomics and international trade, as monetary policy, trade deficits, and budgetary constraints carry a lot of explanatory weight and the author does not pause to explain their basic mechanics. The great virtue of this work is to make reason out of folly: to make sense from the perspectives of the participants of what is often simply portrayed as naive errors of economics and politics. That is to say, at least from the perspectives of the supporters of the Wilsonian order. The tale of the rise and fall of 'liberal imperialism' and 'liberal internationalism', frustrated by the incompetence of Wilson himself, the opportunism and economic weakness of the postwar European powers, and the opposition of radical political factions, is fundamentally strong and merits a serious reading. However, Tooze's political perspective does not allow him to tease out the inherent contradictions in these concepts and the reality of what such an order actually did and does entail, not least for those at the bottom end of the "chain gang" hierarchy. And that limits the explanatory scope of the work compared to his deeper perception in his previous book.
May 28, 2013
On the assassination in Woolwich
Given the significant impact of the murder of soldier Lee Rigby in Woolwich by two British converts to Islam, Michael Adebolajo and Michael Adebowale, I'm moved to make a brief comment on what I consider its implications. The ethics of the attack itself can be debated until the cows come home; as ethics are essentially subjective and arbitrary, they cannot really be argued out, and nobody will convince anyone else of the ethical merits or demerits of such an action if they do not already share that view. I will therefore not say much about that, though this is not to say I have no ethical concerns about it. But the political and strategic consequences are real and should be debated widely. The first point is that an attack of this kind cannot simply be considered a blow against British imperialism, even if it is – as voiced by the assassins themselves – clearly a response to British foreign policy, not least the invasion and occupation of Afghanistan. Read the rest of this entry »
November 17, 2012
Israel: The Logic of a Settler State
Let us not today fling accusations at the murderers. Who are we that we should argue against their hatred? For eight years now, they sit in their refugee camps in Gaza and, before their very eyes we turn into our homestead the land and the villages in which they and their forefathers have lived. We are a generation of settlers, and without the steel helmet and the cannon we cannot plant a tree and build a home. Let us not shrink back when we see the hatred fermenting and filling the lives of hundreds of thousands of Arabs, who sit all around us. Let us not avert our gaze, so that our hand shall not slip. This is the fate of our generation, the choice of our life – to be prepared and armed, strong and tough – or otherwise, the sword will slip from our fist, and our life will be snuffed out.
– Moshe Dayan, 1956.(1)
This land absorbs the skins of martyrs.
This land promises wheat and stars.
Worship it!
We are its salt and its water.
We are its wound, but a wound that fights.
– Mahmoud Darwish, "Diary of a Palestinian Wound" (1969)
While every conflict has its specificities, it is impossible to understand the nature and trends of the Israeli state without an understanding of the greater logic of which it is but one example. What I mean by this is this: Israel is the most recent and thereby the most contradictory example of the logic of settlerism, of the settler state as a phenomenon in capitalist history. All capitalist states have certain attributes necessary for the expansion and reproduction of the capital relation, such as limitations on workers' freedom and mobility, a military-industrial complex, territoriality, and enforcement of exploitative relations of production, but settler states are a specific social formation of these that go over and beyond capitalist 'normality'. The settler state is, in this sense, the most complete and pure outward appearance of the capital-state relationship. When successful, its natural ideology is that of an expansionist, self-confident liberalism; when threatened, its natural ideology is fascism.
The settler state distinguishes itself from the 'normal' forms of appearance of the capital-state relationship in several ways. First, that it is a state which even in its historical, embryonic form is already capitalist, and does not have the inheritance of the 'muck of ages' of absolutism, feudalism, and so forth. Second, it involves the voluntary transfer of a people from elsewhere into a given land, whether already occupied or not, which in so doing establishes a new social formation both separate from and against the existing one of the settled land. Thirdly, the necessary result of the combination of these factors is the demographic principle of the settler state: its very existence stands or falls by the numerical presence of the settler population as against the tally of the original population(s), as these become, by the very act of the settlement itself, the respective bearers of their social formation in them. In other words, the reproduction of the social formation of the settler society is, as with all societies, dependent on the reproduction of its population; but this principle is elevated to a higher level in the settler society, because rather than the reproduction of the population being the reproduction of the different classes and the whole ensemble of the historical heritage of that particular people, the reproduction of the population takes on a competitive form in and of itself. It is measured not in the ability to reproduce the working class per se, but in the ability to reproduce the settlers over and against the 'natives', whoever they may be.
This leads to the fourth principle, which is that the logic of the settler state is therefore necessarily racial and expansionist. Racial, because the settler society reproduces its social formation as a whole, and thereby subsumes its class differences into an artificial unity generated not by the process of nation-building within a given territory, as in the case of the traditional bourgeois process, but by the processes of demographic-military competition with the 'native' population, a competition fought out on all physical fronts. This inherently racializes the relationship between the settler population and the 'natives', as every settler, regardless of their class, is a guarantee of the survival of a social formation in a territory where this is under threat as a whole; it thereby becomes a question not of class against class, but of people against people, of a struggle over physicality and territoriality rather than over the process of economic production and distribution within the social formation. This is a wholly regressive and vicious throwback to the worst instincts and group behaviors of humanity.
It is also for this reason necessarily expansionist; not just because of the often limited number of settlers in the first periods of the settlement, and the sense of constant danger of extinction by the 'native' population, but more importantly because the only possible guarantee for the normalization of the social formation, the eradication of its bad conscience and its sense of 'having survived', rests ultimately in the destruction of the 'native' population and their rival social formation. Moreover, the struggle against this latter people or peoples itself perpetuates the artificial, racialized unity among the settlers themselves, and is thereby a welcome mechanism for externalizing and staving off the inevitable internal class conflicts the process of normalization entails. Therefore, the logic of the settler state necessarily and inherently contains within itself a drive towards the total fragmentation of the 'native' populations and the dissolution of their social bonds, if not their physical extermination as such – in other words, settlerism always means a logic of 'ethnic cleansing'.
It is not difficult to find in history examples that underline the argument made here, and to demonstrate the particularity of this form of the capital-state relation in the modern world. In the case of the settlement of America, it has often been observed how the British upper class' refusal to allow settlement to follow its expansionist course beyond the Appalachians was a major factor in the rebellion of the colonists. Indeed, the very same revolution in the United States which inaugurated the great bourgeois revolutionary upheavals of the modern era was an unmitigated disaster for the various indigenous peoples of what is now the USA, as their very physical existence came constantly and repeatedly in contradiction with the logic of American settlerism. The results are well known, and even now, the American counties with large native 'reservations' on them are the poorest in the country and have worse social statistics than many developing countries. In Canada and Australia the story was much the same, and in Australia perhaps most genocidal in its completeness, given the very low level of technological development of the various Aboriginal peoples compared to the 'natives' elsewhere; whereas in New Zealand the high level of military organization of the Maori and the lower number of settlers had a mildly dampening effect on the full consummation of settlerism. In all these cases, the racial factor was immediately evident from the start and has been since, and in all these cases there has been a clear political economic reality of 'race burning class', as J. Sakai put it.
Of course, the various practices and details of the settler logic vary from place to place according to the historical circumstances. In South Africa, the settlers being perpetually a small minority compared to the various indigenous peoples, especially after the completion of the Bantu migrations, compelled a policy of apartheid – a system in which the racially oppressed black workforce were to be kept separate and confined from the white population, lest they overcome them or destroy by 'dilution' the demographic basis of their social formation. It was not realistically possible for the native populations to be physically destroyed or fully ethnically cleansed from the majority of the territory, and this made the apartheid system a logical result – at least from the point of view of the settlers. (There were of course rules for 'coloreds', the Indian population etc., but these do not affect the larger picture.) The United States had the 'peculiar institution' of slavery, and imported a great number of involuntary migrants, which created in effect a double settler state with two parallel racialized social formations, one historically progressive and industrial and one historically regressive and agrarian. The inevitable conflict between these was fought out in the American Civil War, with known results. But it should then come as no surprise that the settler logic of society re-established itself with vicious vigor almost immediately afterwards, and the potential for its destruction through radical Reconstruction was quickly lost.
In Israel, the logic of the settler state expresses itself in its most virulent forms. Firstly, the Zionist project of the settlement and colonization of Palestine is a unified whole, as all settlerism must be for it to not collapse under its contradictions. It therefore makes no difference whether it applies to Hebron or to Tel Aviv, in this regard, as in all circumstances the definite characteristics of the settler state described above are in operation and must be in operation. The artificial unity is present in the militarist-racial structure of Israeli society, in particular in its universal conscription, and in the very knowledge that even the continued existence of Arab place-names is a threat to the 'only democracy in the Middle East'. Its expansionism is clear and obvious. From its modest beginnings the Israeli state has through perpetual war and ethnic cleansing swollen beyond any of its original territorial claims, and it shows no signs whatever of stopping. Its apartheid system expresses the racialization and the demographic factor clearly, and so does the constant talk of the 'demographic threat', the refusal to allow any Palestinian right of return and the open talk of deportations and ethnic cleansing, the secular political trend against socio-economic and internal class struggle and towards externalization in the form of further expansion and aggrandizement speak clear language.
Israel here has the misfortune of being the newest settler state, and so its victims can learn from history, even if its own settler population cannot. The very notion of a 'two state solution' with its own Arab Palestinian 'natives' is a risible one given the parallels between the Israeli consideration of Palestinian treaties and Palestinian land claims and the American treatment of the same relations with the various Native tribes, all of whom eventually ended up in open-air prisons called reservations. Indeed, Gaza, presently being bombed to smithereens, is nothing if not a 'reservation' of this type. But the Palestinians are not the only 'natives' victimized by settlerism: Israel treats its Druze and Bedouin populations no better, and regardless of the willingness of Druze to serve in its military, they have been systematically expropriated. It is worth noting that the willingness of settlerism to destroy any social formation opposing it on its physical-territorial domain of expansion finds its parallel in its willingness to accept any kind of settler as long as they are willing to underwrite the racial-settler system: one can look here at the history of the Irish and Italian migrants to the US, but even in the case of Israel there have been many Russian, Indian, even Peruvian migrant settlers accepted into the Israeli polity as 'returning Jews' whose Jewish identity was deeply spurious or nonexistent.
It is no coincidence that as Israel has become stronger and its logic has expressed itself more fully, it has become ever more fascist and less concerned even with formal equality and democracy – as shown most recently by the restrictive laws forbidding even the commemoration of the Naqba (the original ethnic cleansing of the Palestinians), the exclusion of anti-Zionist groups from parliamentary representation, and the unification between Likud and the fascist organization of Avigdor Lieberman. As I have argued, this trend of the capital-state relation to move away from formal liberalism and into a fascist siege mentality is characteristic of a settler state frustrated in its normalization process. For settler states, this normalization process can only occur on the basis of the destruction of the social formation of its rivals, of the original inhabitants; the US and Australia only even considered reforming the racial ladder system after their physical-demographic security as a settler state and their destruction of all rival social formations was complete. So it is with Israel also, and therefore Israel as a state does not and cannot want peace, whatever individuals within it may fervently hope.
Of course, this analysis is not to claim that such a logic develops wholly on its own, or that there is no agency on the part of the Other to which the settler state opposes itself. Indeed, the civil rights struggle in the United States and the campaigns for recognition on the part of the First Nations in Canada were major and inspirational examples of revolutionary organization on the part of oppressed groups, and it is equally no coincidence that such groups became more radicalized against the whole structure of the racialized capital-state relation of their settler societies as they struggled against them. The Palestinian cause has rightly taken inspiration from these examples, as well as from the resistance against the slightly different settler structure of northern Ireland, and it has in turn become a major emancipatory force of its own.
This is also why it is irredeemably silly when people point to the Palestinian struggle and ask why it garners so much attention and passion compared to the many struggles worldwide, whether in West Papua, in Syria, in Brazil or in Sudan. What such smug distraction misses is the essential role of the struggle against the settler logic. It is not a contingency of history that the US and Israel are so closely connected in alliance that there is 'no daylight between them'. On the contrary. The hegemonic United States is a settler society and Israel is the only social formation of a similar type planted, in the decolonizing period of modern history, in the middle of the periphery (for want of a better term) and in a land of great religious significance at that. Therefore, much more than all the other such sites of struggle, Israel is a cornerstone of the political world-system. The struggle against Israel is therefore not just a question of the emancipation of the Palestinians, but it is a struggle against settler logic altogether, and through this, a struggle against the political manifestation of the current world order. This makes it a crucial site in the perpetuation of the imperialism of the West as well as in the 'containment' of global revolutionary and emancipatory struggles, and this gives it its particular significance.
It is also for this reason that any attempt at a 'two state solution' is not just inadequate and impossible, given what has been said about the inherent logic of settler states, but is actively reactionary compared to the enormous victory for revolutionary forces a unified Palestine would be. A single Palestine on the basis of secularism, democracy, and socialism would be transformed from a cornerstone of the capitalist-imperialist world order into a cornerstone of an emancipatory one. The prerequisite for this possibility is the defeat of Israel as a Zionist entity, the defeat of its inherent settler logic (and Zionism is historically just one example of settlerist ideology), and thereby the dissolution of its current social formation into one that is not irredeemably anti-emancipatory. There can be no 'Zionist left', no 'liberal Zionism', and so forth, for such propositions are incompatible with the practical logic of the settler state. The concept of Israel must die so that a Palestine may live for Jews and Arabs, Druze and Bedouin alike.
1) Cited in: Ghada Karmi, Married To Another Man: Israel's Dilemma in Palestine (London 2007), p. 3.


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Anyone think the US will start using the metric system anytime soon?
I can only hope,as your system of units is highly illogical.
Heh, yeah, agreed. The only logic that's preventing a switch is the fact that we're used to it and Americans are notoriously resistant to change.
Even though the Yanks insist on calling it the British system, and try to make it look like it's the Brits who are forcing them to keep measuring things in slug pounds per cubic barleycorn hour.
Bring on compulsory global metrication!
One interesting Imperial unit I saw recently was for calculating the thermal transmission of walls. The unit is BTU/hour/sq ft/cm/degree F.
Most people don't like change. However, I think if the metric system was taught in school to little kids, they would accept it more than they would the standard system. And then, you would have a generation of Americans who are willing to go with the easier system and whoever is president at that time can say that the metric system will be used in the US without much trouble.
Ahhh my wonderful 50 year plans that never happen.
We need a form of standardization for the physical units worldwide. I am amazed that authors of certain physics books still keep using the non-standard American system. It is ok to put a few exercises to test the unit conversion abilities of the student, but having half, or all of exercises or worked problems with the American units is a really bad idea.
Besides I would add that the system is difficult and illogical. Take the quantity of distance, for example. In SI the meter is defined and all existing sub- or super- units in that system are by powers of 10. On the other hand in the American system there is a weird relation between inches, feet, and miles making it hard to convert :-(.
Yep, my problem with the American system is that I have to look it up every time I convert. Especially when I'm converting between the two systems.
Pfft, a plan aimed at more than the next election? HA!
The Euro has just been introduced in many European countries. It is a little hard at first dealing with a new currency, but after a year you don't know any better.
If on all the gallon milk containers in the stores all of a sudden would be marked as containing 4 liters of milk, I think people will get used to it soon enough. As long that the two different systems get used side by side for a while, so that people can associate the two values to eachother.
Thats the only system we've ever used in my high school science classes (I live in the US). Only some "regular" class people and non-science/math oriented people don't know the metric system in my school. Only problem is that I can work out a problem in the metric system but it's hard for me to relate metric measurements in the real world. For example, if you asked me what temperature I think it is outside, I could tell you it's around 70 F but I couldn't really tell you what it is in C without thinking about it for a minute. Same with distance or speed. I could tell you that the car was going about 50 mph but I couldn't guess how fast it was going in kph. Don't even remember what the convertion is for mph to kph off the top of my head. Even though I use the metric system everyday in my physics class, thats just using it on paper, I've never really related them to real life experences.
In aviation, they use standard units. Would anyone want a pilot who momentarily mixes 100 meters with 100 feet?
Can you guys feel how it is like for Europeans to play D&D?
The US was suppose to switch back in the 70's when Canada did. There excuse was cause it would be too expensive. Bet they are kicking themselves now. Cause its going to be about 1000% more expensive to start now.
And if we tried hard enough i bet we could find reasons to blame the bush family.
It would be very expensive to convert the US the rest of the way to metric. Note that it has been partly converted already; although milk is still sold by quarts and gallons, booze and wine are sold by liters.
But to convert lengths will require retooling all the manufacturing. There are metric screw thread standards even! And think of all those signs along the main roads, giving the tenths of a mile; they would all have to be taken down and new ones erected for tenths of a a km (cms?). The laws setting speed limits in MPH will have to be changed to cite KPH (or mps?)
Frankly I don't see the government sponsoring this. It will cost a bunch, and what does it buy us?
I can imagine how expensive it would be for just my company to convert. It would never happen unless someone else paid the huge bills to do it.
Personally, I have no problems going back and forth between the two systems. Why does everyone else?
Just minimizes confusion. Standardization is always a good thing. Simple is better too.
Conversion would be a one-time cost, but when we start losing satellites (*coughmarsprobecough*) over it, I begin to think it might save us money in the long term. Also, remember that the average person is not particularly good at math. Although you may be able to mentally calculate the number of inches or feet in 6.5 miles, most people can't. Contrast that to calculating the number of meters or centimeters in 6.5 kilometers. I'd say most of the population could be trained to handle that.
The one good thing I learned in track season is that I slowly adopted metric usage of meters... it is so much easier to specify distances in terms of hundreds of meters compared to hundreds of feet. I still have yet to do the same for temperature, though I know the relation for kph/mph but I have to do some mental algebra in order to figure it out.
As Entropy implied earlier, the standard system is really weird, its next to impossible to estimate things and trying to figure out unit relations takes a deal of effort and some minor annoyances.
I still have no idea how to visualize slugs and the like....
Metric system stinks. We should abandon any base 10 system simply due to the lack of prime divisors. 2 and 5 just are not enough. If we cannot have our nice binary/base 12 system then let us all adapt a base 16 system.
You will have to pry my foot/inch tape measure from my dying hands. I hope never to be forced to use a metric tape measure. :yuck:
I agree with Integral. 10 is a pretty lame number to base your numbering system on. 12 would be a fantastic base for a numbering system - it's divisible by 2, 3, 4, and 6. Base 11 wouldn't be too bad either - then we wouldn't have to constantly deal with simplifying fractions; they'd already be in their most simplified form. Base 16 is even better than base 10.
The problem isn't the fact that the English system doesn't use a base 10 system. The problem is that there's no standardization between the different systems (12 inches per foot, 16 ounces per pound, etc.). If they at least used the same base, we could just the change our numbering system to match.
By the way, it shouldn't be that hard to visualize how much a slug is. It's about the same amount of mass as the apple that hit Newton on the top of his head.
Separate names with a comma.


text:
Network Tools
by: Dmitry Tsechoev | 1.1K
by: Dmitry Tsechoev | 1.1K
A rich set of networking tools for administrator.
This assembly contains a list of tools such as:
- port scanner
- whois
- ping
- netstat
- traceroute
- my IP
- DNS dig (nslookup)
Please rate this application. If you have problems, do not rush to put a bad mark - please contact the developer via email.
Future versions will extend the functionality of the application.
Tags: networking tools , network tools
from 1.078 reviews
Free - V1.7.3 - 479K


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Wednesday links: Could Gophers make title game?
Happy Hump Day, Big Ten Nation. There's lots to cover. So, let's get started. Check out this video of Michael Rand of the Minneapolis Star Tribune. In it, he has five easy steps for the Gophers to reach the Big Ten title game. Yes, it's possible—very possible. Minnesota has a good shot to beat Penn State at home this Saturday. Then, things get really tough with games at Wisconsin and then at Michigan State. Whatever happens, the Gophers can take comfort in knowing the Outback Bowl is keep an eye on them.


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'Piranha 3DD' One Fin Closer to Going Straight to DVD
- By Nathan Adams
- @templeofreviews
- December 30, 2011
The 3D reboot of Piranha from 2010 was one of my favorite movies of that year. And I don't usually much like horror stuff, especially winky, self-aware horror parody: that means they did something very right. So word of a followup should have been great news. But as soon as...
This Week In DVD: January 11th
- By Rob Hunter
- @FakeRobHunter
- January 11, 2011
Welcome to another light week of DVD releases! It may appear lacking in quantity, but it does feature the film that might be winning the Academy Award for Best Film in a couple months. No, not Piranha. David Fincher's The Social Network reaches shelves just three and a half months...
Review: Piranha 3D Has Teeth, Breasts, but No Heart
- By Robert Fure
- @RobertFure
- August 20, 2010
Swarming into theaters this weekend, Piranha 3D looks poised to chomp through the competition and make a mouthful of money. In a summer that has been lacking in the fun department, this flashy remake looks to turn the ridiculous level to eleven, the boobie-meter to overdrive, and the kill count...
Welcome back to Junkfood Cinema: if you're calling to complain about the noise, it's just our hearts exploding. If this internet movie column were any healthier, you'd need a chainsaw and a daytime talkshow host to get it out of its house. Each week I throw refined tastes to the...
This Week In DVD: August 3rd
- By Rob Hunter
- @FakeRobHunter
- August 3, 2010
Join us each week as Rob Hunter takes a look at new DVD releases and gives his highly unqualified opinion as to which titles are worth BUYing, which are better off as RENTals, and which should be AVOIDed at all costs. And remember, these listings and category placements are meant...
Shout! Factory Shows The Love To Roger Corman Fans With Piranha, Humanoids From The Deep, And More!
- By Rob Hunter
- @FakeRobHunter
- July 30, 2010
We get a lot of press releases for upcoming DVDs and Blu-rays here at FSR, as does every movie site with more than a handful of readers (a criteria we only just passed last week), and we basically ignore the vast majority of them. Sure sometimes it's because reading is...
Coroner's Report: Piranha (1978)
- By Robert Fure
- @RobertFure
- July 29, 2010
With the "too violent for Comic Con" 3D reimagining coming our way this August from the (mostly) awesome Alexandre Aja, you bet your bottom dollar there is a brand spanking new edition of the original available to purchase. From our friends at Shout! Factory, who are doing a kick ass...
Comic-Con 2010: Shout! Factory Goes Big with Roger Corman
- By Robert Fure
- @RobertFure
- July 21, 2010
There are few things in life I enjoy more than a horror movie filled with ridiculous kills, outrageous monsters, and utterly gratuitous and indefensible amounts of nudity. Naturally, I've long been a fan of the late night master Roger Corman, a Horror Hall of Famer responsible for writing, directing, or producing some...
Aja Takes Piranha 3D
- By Robert Fure
- @RobertFure
- May 15, 2008
Horror film maker Alexandre Aja (The Hills Have Eyes remake) is currently directing a remake of Joe Dante's 1978 Piranha, and the news is that this chomping romp will be presented in glorious 3D. ...


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In 2299, mankind has settled among the stars, multiplying to colonise planets that just a few decades ago it could only dream of reaching. It's all thanks to The Signal, a mysterious transmission that gave Earth the recipe for interstellar travel. But with humanity spread throughout space, decentralised across a new frontier, fractures ripped apart the ranks and aggressive splinter groups emerged
Homeworld's soundtrack was an expression of space's serenity and chaos with its retro synth swells and Indian flair, the sort of songs hibernating astronauts would probably listen to. Composer Paul Ruskay's haunting tracks helped solidify Homeworld as one of strategy gaming's greats, and in an interview with Rock, Paper, Shotgun, he touched upon the influences and experiences he used in shaping a
Described as a streamlined '90s space sim back when we previewed it, Strike Suit Zero finally has a solid release date scheduled for January 24 next year. The announcement follows a Kickstarter campaign which saw the $100,000 target reached - and then exceeded by $74,804. Which is impressive.
As a result of the community's enthusiasm, developers Born Ready Games will release modding tools for
Hoban "Wash" Washburn's "I am a leaf on the wind" mantra became one of the most memorable lines uttered by a fictional space pilot when Alan Tudyk screamed it in the midst of Serenity's climactic space battle. It captures the essence of what it should feel like to be trapped in a tiny fighter. You're a gnat. You're a tiny bundle of matter trying to steer safe passage through a tumultuous storm of
Youtuber Antti Kokkonen, who uploads Let's Plays to Youtube under the username Zemalf, is one of the best XCOM players in the world. On January 11, he finished a 50 hour run of XCOM: Enemy Within on Impossible Ironman difficulty without losing a single country. Or Interceptor. Or mission. Or soldier.
It was a perfect run on the game's hardest difficulty (and his first time through the game).
If you feel that you've not quite kickstarted enough projects lately - perhaps you've discovered some money down the back of the sofa, or you've recently sold a kidney - then, as Michael Parkinson would say, you might want to take a look at this. Strike Suit Zero is a Wing Commander/Freelancer-inspired space combat game with transformable ships and mechs - and it's looking abso-bloody-lutely
PC Gamer is the global authority on PC games. For more than 20 years we have delivered unrivaled coverage, in print and online, of every aspect of PC gaming. Our team of experts brings you trusted reviews, component testing, strange new mods, under-the-radar indie projects and breaking news around-the-clock. From all over the world we report on the stuff that you'll find most interesting, and gives your PC gaming experience the biggest boost.
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Coachella Pictures
Coachella Is a Celebrity Paradise
Coachella's first weekend kicks off on Friday, and we're gearing up for the famous music festival by taking a look back at some of the best celebrity moments from over the years. Best friends Cameron Diaz and Drew Barrymore hit the grounds arm in arm in 2007, and Beyoncé danced in the crowd with Maria Shriver in 2010. In 2012, then-couple Nina Dobrev and Ian Somerhalder showed PDA on their way to a show, and Emma Roberts stayed cool in a bikini to rock out in the desert. Scroll through to see all the stars who have spent time at Coachella and then check out our guides to festival fashion and beauty.


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Boston Bombing Suspect Charged With Using Weapons of Mass Destruction
FBI pieces together what happened when two brothers carried out an alleged bomb plot.
Boston Bombing Victim Vows to Dance Again
Dancer Adrianna Haslet lost her left foot when the bombs went off at the Boston Marathon.
Bomb Suspect Charged With Using Weapon of Mass Destruction
Brother Dzhokhar Tsarnaev is responding to questions in writing, sources say.
Manhunt Ended When Suspected Bomber Lifted His Shirt
Watertown Police Police Chief Edward Deveau gives detailed account of manhunt.
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Home > News and Views > Photo Galleries > Photo Gallery
Photo Gallery - International Women's Day 2014
International Women's Day 2014
Added: 07 Mar 2014
Every year on March 8, the UN refugee agency joins people around the world to celebrate International Women's Day. This year's theme, "Equality for Women is Progress for All," recognizes that we do not live in a world in which all women and girls are treated equally and without discrimination. UNHCR […]
View photo gallery


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What the U.P. needs is a good snow storm, but given the very above average temperatures for Sunday, it will likely be more rain than snow for much of the day. As of Sunday, we are 22" below average for snowfall at the NWS office, and the forecast is for temperatures 10 degrees or higher above average. The start of winter is less than a week away, and it doesn't feel like it at all.
Seasonal norms for Sunday are for a high of 26 and a low of 11, but forecasted highs are into the mid to upper 30s. There might even be a few 40s near Lake Michigan. Light precipitation is likely much of the day. It's difficult to be precise about what it will fall as, but a mix of rain and snow is most likely, though in the peak heat of the afternoon it may be all rain. For the areas that do see more snow, mainly in the higher terrains, it may fall as snow, but it will still be warm enough at the surface to make it melt almost immediately.
By the end of the day, there may be a few tenths of an inch of accumulation, mainly over the western half of the U.P.
Sunday night will cool down as winds begin to shift out of the northwest. Lows will be in the mid 20s west and low 30s east.
As the system moves away, lake effect snow under a northwest wind is likely for Monday. Again, however, it will not be much. Expect an inch or less in the northwest wind snow belts, mainly in the daytime. Highs will be a couple degrees cooler in the mid 20s to mid 30s.
Monday night should see an end to the snow. Temps will cool down to mainly the 20s.
Tuesday and Wednesday will see more above average temperatures around the freezing mark with a chance for a few flurries. The next major snow is looking to be on Thursday with another large low pressure system, and it looks like it will be cold enough to see more snow than rain.
I'll help you keep up with the weather on Facebook . On a note of interest, check out this MODIS satellite image of the California coast on Friday.


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So this seems like it would be pretty straight forward and I swear I've done this before, but for some reason it's just not working for me.
I am using
MAMP and have a table with about 200 columns and I want about 20 of them to default to 0 if NULL or empty data is inserted into it.
Here's a small example of what my table looks like as well as what I have done for columns that I want to default to 0.
CREATE TABLE `listings` (
`ListingID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`BathsFull` int(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ListingID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
So notice on
BathsFull I have it set to
NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' the problem is that when empty data is passed to it I get a SQL error of
SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation: 1048 Column 'BathsFull' cannot be null.
I've also tried so that
BathsFull acceptsNULL
andDEFAULT '0', however when empty data is passed, the table shows
NULL instead of
Am I missing something here? Do I need to write some sort of trigger? I don't want to scrub the data in my script before putting it into the DB if I don't have to.


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Wild Woman® Mystery Cards
"Wild Woman Mystery Cards are a wonder full ride of love. They are a best friend and wise companion..." ~SARK, best-selling author & artist
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The Wild Woman Mystery Cards created by Elizabeth MacLeod come complete with 53 beautifully illustrated cards and 132-page book explaining each of the symbols in depth.
They show the possibilities in our lives inviting us to explore how we want to show ourselves individually, as a community, and as a world of women.
They can be used as a daily reminder, for meditation, in healing circles and ceremonies, and much much more! Use the cards alone, with a partner, or in a group.
Wild Woman Mystery Cards are a wonderfull ride of love. They are a best friend and wise companion carrying us on our journey while holding our precious hands. A beacon of light in our beautiful and mysterious world, Elizabeth treasures the heart and soul of every Succulent Wild Woman"
SARK, best-selling author and artist
Wild Woman Mystery Cards are amazing! I read lots of "self-help" books. I am a fan of authors like Dr. Wayne Dyer, SARK, Neale Donald Walsch, Louise Hay and many others. I've never read anything like it. Every morning, I take some deep breaths as I slowly shuffle the deck. I choose a random card, and begin my day in a place of love and beauty. They are so incredibly beautiful, and the wisdom is like healing balm for my soul. THANK YOU!"
~Wild Woman Kelly - Colorado, USA
With gratitude to our wild earth, the Wild Woman Mystery Cards, book and box are printed using soy-based inks on FSC (Forestry Stewardship Council) certified paper by an FSC certified printing company. So it's wild through and through!
Box Size: 5.25" x 7.5" x 1.25" (13.3cm x 19.1cm x 3.2cm) Card size: 2.75" x 4.75" (53 cards) (7cm x 12.1cm) Book size: 4.75" x 7" (132 pages) (12.1cm x 17.8cm)
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Videos Alec Kenward likes
Final Project for Cinematic Multimedia. A new promotional video for Best Buddies using mostly found footage.+ More details
Browse LikesLikes
Likes are an easy way to keep track of the videos you enjoy. Use likes to bookmark videos you want to watch again and again and again and again.


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Colors by Bubbi-RobotWatch
©2013-2016 Bubbi-Robot
I wanted to draw in a different style so tada! this was made c: it started out with sonic riding a skateboard, and then it turned into this ._. I didn't bother making the shoes normal, so I kept the different shoes. hope you guys like it
Also, kind of reminded me of a mix between the zones Techno Base and Cyber Track.
I love the cute, simple style, with very much color! This is better than on a skateboard! This will make a very nice wallpaper!
Aww. He's so cute~
Nice 8D
Cute style
almost nyan cat...
but sonic...
without the rainbow...
but a rainbow of colors
but sonic...
without the rainbow...
but a rainbow of colors
Aww now I wish I drew a nyan sonic D:


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I am on a press trip in England and saw it in Dorchester, Dorset, for sale at a "scooter" store. I want it for when I am older and can no longer walk properly. Actually I want it now.
Monday, May 24, 2010
Check out this totally awesome all-weather scooter...
Posted by Ann Marie McQueen at 11:58 AM
1 comment:
- ~*♥ miss pink ♥*~ said...
Neat! This is what my brother needs so he can stop wasting time and fuel by dropping all his friends all over the city. Mainly because they won't be able to fit in it haha.
- May 25, 2010 at 3:40 PM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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|Reviews for Benjamin Franklin
| The Word Conjurer chapter 1 . 6/2/2014
OMG I JUST REALIZED ME AND BENJAMIN FRANKLIN HAVE THE SAME BIRTHDAY! O.o
Anyways, your biography was very informative. I had to do a report on him last year and I found everything I needed to know about him EXCEPT his birthday!
| Cynthia Brent chapter 1 . 7/9/2013
This was a good report. I wish there were more quotes from Poor Richard's Almanac!
| Edorenel chapter 1 . 2/7/2013
A short biography-shorter than most I have read-but it retains (keeps) the key points in Mr. Franklin's life. And I find that important. It is simple, straight to the point, and easy to read for any age.


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didn't start tonight.
getting ready to cut bait on him.
edit: so, yahoo is reporting that he missed tonight's start to be with his ailing father and will start on Thursday. Guess we'll just have to wait and see.
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We found a TicketWeb account that might belong to you.
Log in to link your TicketWeb account with Facebook
Saturday, Jun 22, 2013 10:00 PM PDT
Hume Hotel, Nelson, BC
19 years and over
Saskatchewan legends The Deep Dark Woods are touring through B.C this summer, and will be bringing Frontier Ruckus with them for a full night of incredible live music at the Spiritbar.
More info at humehotel.com/spiritbar


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Newest E-Books from APA
If you enjoy the convenience of readers and tablets, you'll like the growing selection of APA's e-books in our store.
These APA e-book titles are available in the three most popular formats: EPUB, MOBI, and PDF. Read our quick guide to e-books and choose the format that works best with your device. Prefer print? Except for a few e-book exclusives, all titles will still be available in hardcover, paperback, or both.
All e-book sales are final. No e-book refunds will be issued.


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Improving Human Performance in a Process Management Environment
Fisher, Jim, CMA - the Management Accounting Magazine
Among the variety of reasons for the failure of re-engineered processes, one of the most serious is not providing something called a "human-performance system" to support each and every performer in the organization.
Many organizations now have re-engineered one or more key processes and are expecting them to demonstrate the same magnitude of improvement in reality as they do in concept. Failure of re-engineered processes to meet goals and expectations is common. Bad design is a possibility but probably accounts for far less than half of the failures. Although there are a variety of other reasons for failure, one of the most common and serious is not providing a human-performance system (HPS) that functions appropriately in a process-oriented environment. The human-performance implications of process management are the subject of this article.
What is the human-performance system?
Each performer - and I mean executives and managers as well as individual contributors - is a part of a system with inputs, outputs, feedback and consequences. The diagram shown in Figure 1 illustrates these important variables.
Failure of the organization to ensure that all of these variables are in synch causes less-than-optimum performance. Frankly, organizations rarely deal with this human-performance system in a deliberate, integrated way. These typical shortcomings are found in all kinds of organizations:
Output: the specifications of what the performer is expected to produce are not made clear to the performer.
Input: the input to the performer is flawed, or necessary resources are not made available.
Consequences: rewards, including not only compensation, but promotion, praise, recognition and job satisfaction, are not aligned to support desired outcomes.
Feedback: feedback, where available at all, is not timely, clear, specific, etc. - in other words, it isn't much real help to the performer in improving performance.
Knowledge/skill: training given by organizations is not geared to what the performer actually needs to do the job; often, it is amazingly irrelevant.
Individual capacity: often the first, or only, variable questioned by many organizations if performance isn't satisfactory. However, this is the real cause of problems less frequently than any of the other factors cited.
"Hidden" processes and existing human-performance systems
Some of the challenges to good human performance in process-managed organizations really lurk under the surface of traditionally-managed organizations. In Figure 2, we look at a simplified, vertical view of a traditional organization with several departments, and without apparent "processes." Figure 3 illustrates a systems (horizontal) view of the same organization.
From experience, we can predict, with some confidence, that each department is relatively insular with regard to human-performance systems. Many of the characteristics are inherently commendable, viewed in isolation:
* R&D people will have an HPS that emphasizes functional excellence - innovation, number of patents, etc.
* Manufacturing will emphasize efficiency, timeliness, performance to specs, etc.
* Sales will emphasize closing deals and generating revenue.
* Marketing may emphasize the sophistication and awards won of materials and programs.
The fact is that, even in the "traditional" organization, there are implicit processes that cross these units. New products and offerings may involve sales (and/or marketing), R&D, and perhaps, belatedly, manufacturing. Order fulfillment will involve sales and manufacturing... and so forth.
This does not mean existing human-performance systems make much sense when viewed beyond the departments in which they typically reside. Consider these unintended consequences the system may incite:
* R&D people may be "rewarded" (in dollars or other ways) for patents, regardless of manufacturability or market potential, causing apparent performance problems within manufacturing or sales. …


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Interested in Bahamas?
We'll send you updates with the latest deals, reviews and articles for Bahamas each week.
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Topics include Dining Scene, For Foreign Visitors & more!
In 1492, Christopher Columbus made his first landfall in the New World on the island of San Salvador in the eastern Bahamas. He named it "baja mar" which means shallow water or sea and effectively named the area The Bahamas,
The Lucayan indians inhabited the island, but were either sent away as slaves, or wiped out by disease. There are only a few true decendant of the Lucayan indians today.


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Traveling in Europe can feel like traveling back in time. Walking down roads that were first laid centuries upon centuries ago, one can't help but wonder if you're walking in ...Read More
Day after day, year after year, our world becomes increasingly globalized. Whether we live in a bustling, cosmopolitan city or a secluded country town, we can communicate with and thus ...Read More
This guest post was contributed by Teresa Bell Engebretsen, a middle school French Teacher from Durham, North Carolina, upon her return from the ACIS Global Teacher Conference in Paris, France. ...Read More
This is the first in a series of articles profiling destinations new to our 2017 catalog. This post was contributed by ACIS marketing intern Jeff Zeserson. Get off the A1 ...Read More
When I think back to my days as a high school sophomore, I remember the experience of sitting in class, learning about European History vividly. What sticks out in my ...Read More
This guest post was contributed by Academic Travel Advisor Nicolette Miller upon her return from the ACIS Global Teacher Conference in Reykjavik, Iceland. Reykjavik 1/15/16 We landed at 6:15 am ...Read More
In our 38 years operating international educational tours, we've heard time and again about the life-changing power of travel. Over 500,000 teachers and students have gone abroad with ACIS, and we've ...Read More
Jennifer Ochoa is a Spanish teacher from Santo High School in Santo, Texas and a first-time ACIS Group Leader. She plans to travel with her students to Spain and France ...Read More
At ACIS, we believe there are no more under-appreciated members of our society than teachers. That's why we do everything we can to reward teachers for all their hard work ...Read More
At ACIS, we offer exceptional educational journeys, not ordinary tours. There are many ways in which ACIS tours are different from the rest of the pack, and in our new series ...Read More


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Simony takes a huge cock in her mouth and it fits barely! Her ass is getting stretched by the girth of that monster and still, she begs for more!